Abaqus Interface for MSC.ADAMS Manual
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1. Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS User s Manual SIMULIA Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS User s Manual Legal Notices CAUTION This documentation is intended for qualified users who will exercise sound engineering judgment and expertise in the use of the Abaqus Software The Abaqus Software is inherently complex and the examples and procedures in this documentation are not intended to be exhaustive or to apply to any particular situation Users are cautioned to satisfy themselves as to the accuracy and results of their analyses Dassault Syst mes and its subsidiaries including Dassault Syst mes Simulia Corp shall not be responsible for the accuracy or usefulness of any analysis performed using the Abaqus Software or the procedures examples or explanations in this documentation Dassault Syst mes and its subsidiaries shall not be responsible for the consequences of any errors or omissions that may appear in this documentation The Abaqus Software is available only under license from Dassault Syst mes its subsidiary and may be used or reproduced only in accordance with the terms of such license This documentation is subject to the terms and conditions of either the software license agreement signed by the parties or absent such an agreement the then current software license agreement to which the documentation relates This documentation and the software described in this documentation are subject to change without prior notic2. mks ips length ength units name mass mass units name time time units name force force units name job This option specifies the input and output file names to use during results file translation The 06 name value is used to construct the default input file name job name fil The output modal neutral file is given the name job name mnf If this option is omitted from the command line the user will be prompted for this value input This option specifies the name of the results file if it is different from job name fil units This option specifies the units system for the model The possible values are mmks mks cgs or ips which correspond to the ADAMS View options with the same names The default value is mks length This option specifies the length units for the model If this option is specified it overrides the length units of the specified units system mass This option specifies the mass units for the model If this option is specified it overrides the mass units of the specified units system time This option specifies the time units for the model If this option is specified it overrides the time units of the specified units system force This option specifies the force units for the model If this option is specified it overrides the force units of the specified units system Default values for the units options can be defined in the Abaqus environment file abaqus v6 env The default for
3. 01 0 000000000 00 0 000000000 00 4 6 EXAMPLES kk ELEMENT DEFINITION kk ELEMENT TYPE B31 1 1 2 H O 1 HD gt W O O 1 O FW N H NI O UP kk rr SEE Uu 0 1 20 kk ELEMENT PROPERTY DEFINITION kk ELSET ELSET PROP1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 kk BEAM SECTION ELSET PROP1 SECTION RECT MATERIAL STEEL TEMP GRAD 3 000 02 1 000 02 0 000E 00 0 000E 00 1 000E 00 kk AA AA AE AE PEN i kk xx MATERIAL DEFINITION kk MATERIAL NAME STEEL ELASTIC 2 069999944E 11 3 000000119 01 DENSITY 7 800000000E 03 kk NSET NSET RETNODES 1 11 EXAMPLES kk STEP FREQUENCY EIGENSOLVER LANCZOS 20 BOUNDARY RETNODES 1 6 ELEMENT MATRIX OUTPUT MASS YES ELSET PROP1 NODE FILE U END STEP kx EN I UP kk xx SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATION kk STEP SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE TYPE Z1 RECOVERY MATRIX YES MASS MATRIX YES OVERWRITE RETAINED NODAL DOFS SORTED NO RETNODES 1 6 SELECT EIGENMODES generate 1 20 SUBSTRUCTURE MATRIX OUTPUT STIFFNESS YES MASS YES RECOVERY YES END STEP 4 3 Example 3 Tire This example models a tire The substructure is created after solving a highly nonlinear prestress problem to account for inflating the tire and giving it a footprint due to contact with the road To perform th
4. EIGENSOLVER LANCZOS 20 BOUNDARY RETNODES 1 6 ELEMENT MATRIX OUTPUT MASS YES ELSET PROP1 4 2 EXAMPLES NODE FILE U END STEP kx AA AA ee ae kk xx SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATION kk STEP SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE TYPE Z1 RECOVERY MATRIX YES MASS MATRIX YES OVERWRITE RETAINED NODAL DOFS SORTED NO RETNODES 1 6 SELECT EIGENMODES generate 1 20 SUBSTRUCTURE MATRIX OUTPUT STIFFNESS YES MASS YES RECOVERY YES END STEP Example 2 Link modeled with beam elements This example models a simple flexible link component using three dimensional beam elements To perform the analysis for the link modeled with beam elements 1 Enter the following command to extract the input files from the compressed archive files provided with the Abaqus release abaqus fetch job adams 2 Enter the following command to execute the Abaqus analysis abaqus job adams ex2 Enter the following command to execute the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS and translate the results file generated in the Abaqus analysis to a modal neutral file for use with ADAMS Flex abaqus adams job adams ex2 The primary difference between the beam model and the solid model is that the beam model uses only 10 B31 elements 11 nodes Because the beam elements have both displacement and rotational degrees of freedom at their nodes no multi point constraints are needed to connect the link to other MSC ADAMS components T
5. simulia uk info 3ds com Complete contact information is available at http www simulia com locations locations html Preface This section lists various resources that are available for help with using Abaqus Unified FEA software Support Both technical engineering support for problems with creating a model or performing an analysis and systems support for installation licensing and hardware related problems for Abaqus are offered through a network of local support offices Regional contact information is listed in the front of each Abaqus manual and is accessible from the Locations page at www simulia com SIMULIA Online Support System The SIMULIA Online Support System SOSS provides a knowledge database of SIMULIA Answers The SIMULIA Answers are solutions to questions that we have had to answer or guidelines on how to use Abaqus SIMULIA SLM Isight and other SIMULIA products You can also submit new requests for support in the SOSS All support incidents are tracked in the SOSS If you are contacting us by means outside the SOSS to discuss an existing support problem and you know the incident number please mention it so that we can consult the database to see what the latest action has been To use the SOSS you need to register with the system Visit the My Support page at www simulia com to register Many questions about Abaqus can also be answered by visiting the Products page and the Support page at www simulia com
6. 1 substructure matrix output stiffness yes mass yes sload yes recovery matrix yes end step kk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk 4 18 About SIMULIA SIMULIA is the Dassault Systemes brand that delivers a scalable portfolio of Realistic Simulation solutions including the Abaqus product suite for Unified Finite Element Analysis multiphysics solutions for insight into challenging engineering problems and lifecycle management solutions for managing simulation data processes and intellectual property By building on established technology respected quality and superior customer service SIMULIA makes realistic simulation an integral business practice that improves product performance reduces physical prototypes and drives innovation Headquartered in Providence RI USA with R amp D centers in Providence and in V lizy France SIMULIA provides sales services and support through a global network of regional offices and distributors For more information visit www simulia com About Dassault Systemes As a world leader in 3D and Product Lifecycle Management PLM solutions Dassault Systemes brings value to more than 100 000 customers in 80 countries A pioneer in the 3D software market since 1981 Dassault Systemes develops and markets PLM application software and services that support industrial processes and provide a 3D vision of the entire lifecycle of products from conception to maintenance to recycling
7. 2 Preparing the Abaqus input file 2 1 The Abaqus substructure model 2 1 2 1 2 2 Setting up the Abaqus model to create a modal neutral file without stress or strain 2 1 2 3 Setting up the Abaqus model to create a modal neutral file with stress or strain 2 3 2 4 Supported Abaqus 2 4 Creating the MSC ADAMS modal neutral file Xl cae Sa eRbR WES PARERE 3 1 3 2 Executing the adams command to create a modal neutral file without stress or strain 3 2 3 3 Executing the adams command to create a modal neutral file with stress or strain 3 4 3 3 1 Creatngthesecondinputfile llle 3 4 3 3 2 Creating the modal neutral file from two results 1 3 5 3 4 Translating modes with negative 3 6 3 5 Diagnosing error messages and 1 3 7 Examples 41 Example 1 Link modeled with solid 4 1 4 2 Example 2 Link modeled with beam 4 5 4 3 Example3 oos s e ERR eS X AGIT REA 4 8 INTRODUCTION 1 Introduction This chapter provides an overview of the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS The following topics are covered e What information does this manual contain Section 1 1 e What is the Abaqus Interface for
8. Anonymous ftp site To facilitate data transfer with SIMULIA an anonymous ftp account is available on the computer ftp simulia com Login as user anonymous and type your e mail address as your password Contact support before placing files on the site Training All offices and representatives offer regularly scheduled public training classes We also provide training seminars at customer sites All training classes and seminars include workshops to provide as much practical experience with Abaqus as possible For a schedule and descriptions of available classes see www simulia com or call your local office or representative Feedback We welcome any suggestions for improvements to Abaqus software the support program or documentation We will ensure that any enhancement requests you make are considered for future releases If you wish to make a suggestion about the service or products refer to www simulia com Complaints should be addressed by contacting your local office or through www simulia com by visiting the Quality Assurance section of the Support page CONTENTS Contents Introduction 1 1 What information does this manual 2 1 1 1 2 What is the Abaqus Interface for 5 1 1 13 What are the procedures for using the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS 1 1 14 What are the contents of the modal neutral 1
9. MSC ADAMS Section 1 2 e What are the procedures for using the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS Section 1 3 e What are the contents of the modal neutral file Section 1 4 The installation of the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS is included in the Abaqus product installation For information on installing Abaqus see the Abaqus Installation and Licensing Guide 1 1 What information does this manual contain This manual explains how to use the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS For general information about using MSC ADAMS see the MSC ADAMS collection of documentation You might find the following MSC ADAMS manuals particularly useful Using ADAMS Flex e Using ADAMS View 1 2 What is the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS The ADAMS Flex product from MSC Software Corporation can be used to account for flexibility in a component when performing a dynamic analysis in MSC ADAMS ADAMS Flex relies on a finite element analysis code such as Abaqus to provide the component s flexibility information in a form that is usable by MSC ADAMS The Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS can be used to create Abaqus models of MSC ADAMS components and to convert the Abaqus results into an MSC ADAMS modal neutral mn file the format required by ADAMS Flex The Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS 6 10 requires a results file created by Abaqus 6 2 or later The Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS creates modal neutral files compatible with ADAMS Version 10 1 and
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11. later Modal stress and strain if present in the modal neutral file require ADAMS Version 12 or later 1 3 What are the procedures for using the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS The typical usage of the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS involves creating a modal neutral file without stress or strain from a single results file and requires one Abaqus analysis and one 1 1 INTRODUCTION Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS step The following procedure summarizes the typical usage of the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS To use the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS 1 Create an Abaqus model for each flexible component of the MSC ADAMS model Each component is modeled as an Abaqus substructure 2 Run the Abaqus analysis 3 Run the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS to read the Abaqus results file produced by the analysis and to create the modal neutral mn file for MSC ADAMS 4 Read the modal neutral file into MSC ADAMS A separate modal neutral file must be created for each flexible part in MSC ADAMS If you want the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS to translate stress or strain to the modal neutral file you can modify the general procedure In the modified procedure the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS creates a modal neutral file from two results files and requires two Abaqus analyses and two Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS steps For more information see Setting up the Abaqus model to create a modal neutral file with stress or strain Sec
12. of the new input file that will be created The job name value is used to construct the new input file name job name_se_recovery inp If this option is omitted from the command line the user will be prompted for this value input This option specifies the name of the results file from the first Abaqus analysis if it is different from job name i1 make_se_recovery This option specifies that the translator is to create a new Abaqus input file A modal neutral file will not be created CREATING THE MSC ADAMS MODAL NEUTRAL FILE stress_modes This option specifies that the new Abaqus input file will contain commands to write stress to the results file The possible values are ON and OFF The default value is ON strain_modes This option specifies that the new Abaqus input file will contain commands to write strain to the results file The possible values are ON and OFF The default value is OFF section_point This option specifies the section point at which shell stresses and or strains will be written to the results file The default value is 1 This option will be ignored for three dimensional continuum elements 3 3 2 Creating the modal neutral file from two results files After running the two Abaqus analyses as described above you create a modal neutral file containing modal stress or strain by executing the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS using the following command abaqus adams job job name input input file se_recove
13. the units option can be defined with the adams units family parameter The defaults for the length mass time and force options can be defined with the 3 3 CREATING THE MSC ADAMS MODAL NEUTRAL FILE adams_length_units adams_mass_units adams_time_units and adams_force_units parameters respectively 3 3 Executing the adams command to create a modal neutral file with stress or strain To create a modal neutral file containing stress or strain the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS must read data from two results files You create the first results file according to the requirements described in Setting up the Abaqus model to create a modal neutral file with stress or strain Section 2 3 Next you use the adams command to create an input file for the second Abaqus analysis as described in Creating the second input file Section 3 3 1 You then run the second Abaqus analysis which writes the second results file Finally you use the adams command to create the modal neutral file as described in Creating the modal neutral file from two results files Section 3 3 2 3 3 1 Creating the second input file To create the input file for the second Abaqus analysis execute the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS using the following command abaqus adams job job name input input file make_se_recovery stress_modes ON OFF strain_modes ON OF F section_point section_point_number job This option controls the name
14. units of the specified units system 3 4 Translating modes with negative eigenvalues The Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS uses component modal synthesis to combine the fixed interface normal modes and the substructure recovery vectors into a basis of modal degrees of freedom that will be used for dynamic analysis in MSC ADAMS This modal basis spans a space that includes the rigid body response of the substructure Typically for a non prestressed unrestrained body in three dimensions one expects to find six rigid body modes with associated zero eigenvalues The situation is in general different for prestressed models where an unrestrained structure may have less than six modes with zero eigenvalues Prestressing may change the expected zeroes into values that are significantly positive or negative depending on the sign of the prestress By default the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS deletes modes with negative eigenvalues and reorthogonalizes the reduced basis If you want to retain modes with negative eigenvalues define the environment variable UNIX platforms type the following command setenv MDI MNFWRITE OPTIONS negative roots OK On Windows platforms type the following command set MDI MNFWRITE OPTIONS negative roots OK CREATING THE MSC ADAMS MODAL NEUTRAL FILE In this case the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS will treat modes with negative eigenvalues in the same manner as all other modes To determine if a model will have n
15. 0 1 0 31657 start 0 3 0 1 0 3 0 rigid body ref node 9999 analytical surface sroad DO O O O O O AW 4 13 EXAMPLES surface name stread foot s3 contact pair interaction srigid stread sroad surface interaction name srigid friction 0 0 elset elset sect generate 2800 3200 1 nset nset sect generate 2800 3400 1 nset nset foot elset foot nset nset noutp generate 1055 5055 200 file format zero increment kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk step inc 100 nlgeom yes 1 inflation static long term 0 25 1 0 model change activate restart write overlay boundary rim ref 1 6 dload belt p5 200 e3 side p5 200 e3 node print nset road freq 100 u rf el print freq 0 node file nset foot freq 100 output field freq 100 element output s le node output nset foot u contact output var preselect output history freq 1 node output nset road 4 14 EXAMPLES u rf end step kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk step inc 100 nlgeom yes 2 footprint displacement controlled static long term 0 2 1 0 restart write overlay print contact yes boundary op new rim ref 1 6 road 1 2 road 4 6 road 3 0 02 node print nset road freq 100 u rt el print freq 0 end step kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk step inc 100 nlgeom yes 3 footprin
16. 855 3900 This the list of nodes in the above footprint that will be retained in the substructure kk 1850 1855 2495 3040 3655 3705 2050 2105 kk 1905 3045 3700 2045 2100 3050 3055 3695 4045 2440 2445 3105 3100 4050 4105 2450 2455 3095 3640 4100 4250 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk step inc 1 nlgeom 4 remove contact constraints 4 16 2505 2500 3645 3650 4255 4305 EXAMPLES static 1 1 boundary fixed op new rim ref 1 6 footpr 1 3 road 1 6 model change type contact pair remove stread sroad kk xx Write displacements for all nodes to the results file xx Needed so the MNF contains deformed nodal coordinates node file U end step kk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk step 5 extract fixed interface modes frequency eigensolver lanczos 20 kk boundary op new road 1 6 rim ref 1 6 footpr 1 3 kk xx Write element mass matrices to the results file element matrix output mass yes elset eall kk xx Write eigenvectors to the results file node file U end step kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk step 6 generate superelement substructure generate type z101 overwrite recovery matrix yes mass matrix yes kk boundary op new 4 17 EXAMPLES road 1 6 retained nodal dofs sorted no rim ref 1 6 footpr retnodes 1 3 select eigenmodes generate 1 20
17. 94 535 574 1055 1551 1762 1801 2653 The Abaqus input file for the solid model adams ex1 inp is shown below HEADING Link modeled with C3D10 solid elements rr en eee NODE DEFINITION kx NODE input adams nodes inp kk NSET NSET LEFTCYL 8 9 17 18 70 71 72 73 125 126 127 128 134 135 207 229 230 278 309 310 311 312 313 314 373 374 375 376 377 378 389 390 391 392 498 533 534 535 546 565 566 677 688 734 1058 1059 1073 1085 1114 1115 1311 1312 1325 1335 1356 1357 kk NSET NSET RIGHTCYL 6 7 15 16 66 67 68 69 121 122 123 124 136 137 231 4 3 EXAMPLES 232 303 304 305 306 307 308 367 368 369 370 371 372 393 394 395 396 479 480 481 487 488 506 635 654 957 958 976 977 1004 1026 1219 1220 1234 1235 1257 1287 kk MPC BEAM LEFTCYL 10000 BEAM RIGHTCYL 20000 ce Se eee ELEMENT DEFINITION kx ELEMENT TYPE C3D10 ELSET PROP1 INPUT adams exl elements inp kx kx Kh cxt kx kx ELEMENT PROPERTY DEFINITION SOLID SECTION ELSET PROP1 MATERIAL STEEL kk Ca AA a Ni ee Ni kk xx MATERIAL DEFINITION kk MATERIAL NAME STEEL ELASTIC 2 069999944E 11 3 000000119 01 DENSITY 7 800000000E 03 kk NSET NSET RETNODES 10000 20000 re ee See E eee AA kk STEP FREQUENCY
18. TURE GENERATE step Vibration mode shapes from the FREQUENCY step are written to the results file using the commands NODE FILE U Typically all the mode shapes will be written However if a subset of the computed modes is retained in the SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE step using the SELECT EIGENMODES option the FREQUENCY step must write only those modes ERROR Missing element mass matrices gt No element mass matrices were found in the results file gt The input file must contain an entry similar to gt ELEMENT MATRIX OUTPUT MASS YES ELSET elset name CREATING THE MSC ADAMS MODAL NEUTRAL FILE gt This entry must be in the FREQUENCY step preceding gt the SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE step Explanation The FREQUENCY step must write element mass matrices to the results file using the syntax given in the error message ERROR Missing generalized stiffness and mass matrices gt Verify that the input file defines this substructure gt and contains the following option gt SUBSTRUCTURE MATRIX OUTPUT STIFFNESS YES MASS YES gt RECOVERY MATRIX YES SLOAD YES Explanation The SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE step must write the generalized reduced mass and stiffness matrices as well as the recovery matrices to the results file The substructure load vector may also be written using SLOAD YES 4 1 EXAMPLES Examples This chapter contains three example problems The first two examples model a simple f
19. UNDARY ELEMENT MATRIX OUTPUT MASS YES ELSET NODE FILE U END STEP kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk 2 1 PREPARING THE Abaqus INPUT FILE STEP UNSYMM NO SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE TYPE Z RECOVERY MATRIX YES MASS MATRIX YES RETAINED NODAL DOFS SELECT EIGENMODES SUBSTRUCTURE LOAD CASE NAME CLOAD SUBSTRUCTURE MATRIX OUTPUT RECOVERY MATRIX YES MASS YES STIFFNESS YES SLOAD YES END STEP KERRIER ke e he e e e e e e e ke e The history section of the input file must contain a FREQUENCY step to calculate the fixed interface normal modes followed by a SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE step The FREQUENCY step may be preceded by any number of steps to apply a desired preload to the model Note the following points about the FREQUENCY step The FREQUENCY step must apply zero boundary conditions to every degree of freedom that will be retained in the SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE step Other degrees of freedom may be constrained as appropriate This step must write element mass matrices and eigenvectors to the results file Note the following points about the SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE step The UNSYMM NO parameter on the STEP option is optional but recommended Certain preloading histories for example contact with high friction coefficients may create unsymmetric stiffness matrices The substructure matrix created after such a preloading history will in all cases be symmetric However by default Abaqus will cr
20. d to create the MSC ADAMS modal neutral mn file from the Abaqus results files The procedure varies depending on whether stress or strain are to be translated to the modal neutral file as described in Executing the adams command to create a modal neutral file without stress or strain Section 3 2 and Executing the adams command to create a modal neutral file with stress or strain Section 3 3 Units The MSC ADAMS programs require that the user define the units used in the component model while Abaqus does not Therefore during the creation of the modal neutral file the user must declare explicitly the units used in the model The approach to doing this in the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS is very similar to the way it is done in the ADAMS View Units Settings dialog box A predefined units system can be specified by using the units option on the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS execution procedure Alternatively the individual length mass force and time units can be specified by using the length mass force and time options on the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS execution procedure Any individual units that are specified override the corresponding units in the units system The default units system is mks The valid units systems for the units option are listed in Table 3 1 Table 3 1 Valid units systems Units System Length Units Mass Units Force Units Time Units mks meters kilograms newtons seconds mmks millimeters kilogra
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22. e analysis for the tire 1 Enter the following commands to extract the input files from the compressed archive files provided with the Abaqus release abaqus fetch job adams ex3A abaqus fetch job adams ex3A nodes abaqus fetch job adams ex3B abaqus fetch job adams ex3C EXAMPLES 2 You must perform three Abaqus analyses a Enter the following command to solve an axisymmetric model for the tire inflation abaqus job adams ex3A b Enter the following command to create the three dimensional model of the tire from the axisymmetric model and its results and to calculate the footprint of the tire in contact with the road abaqus job adams ex3B oldjob adams ex3A c Enter the following command to create the substructure model abaqus job adams ex3C oldjob adams 3 Enter commands to execute the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS and to create a modal neutral file for use with ADAMS Flex On UNIX platforms enter the following commands setenv MDI MNFWRITE OPTIONS negative roots OK abaqus adams job adams ex3C unsetenv MDI MNFWRITE OPTIONS On Windows platforms enter the following commands set MDI MNFWRITE OPTIONS negative roots OK abaqus adams job adams ex3C set MDI MNFWRITE OPTIONS This example extends the discussion of the model described in Symmetric results transfer for a static tire analysis Section 3 1 1 of the Abaqus Example Problems Manual The Abaqus analyses of adams ex3A and adams ex3B essentially repl
23. eate and write the full substructure matrix to the results file if the stiffness matrix was unsymmetric earlier in the analysis Using UNSYMM NO saves computation time and storage space without affecting accuracy The SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE option must include the parameters RECOVERY MATRIX YES and MASS MATRIX YES The list of RETAINED NODAL DOFS must be equal to or a subset of the list of DOFs set to zero in the preceding FREQUENCY step e The list of SELECT EIGENMODES must be equal to or a subset of the eigenmodes computed in the FREQUENCY step Ifthe list is a subset unused eigenmodes must not be written to the results file e SUBSTRUCTURE MATRIX OUTPUT option must write the recovery matrix stiffness matrix and mass matrix to the results file 2 3 PREPARING THE Abaqus INPUT FILE e If the SLOAD YES parameter is used on the SUBSTRUCTURE MATRIX OUTPUT option modal load components corresponding to all internal and external loads acting on the substructure will be translated to modal preloads block 27 in the modal neutral file The SUBSTRUCTURE LOAD CASE option is optional If the option is present CLOAD data should duplicate the loading defined in an earlier general step to represent the effect of other parts of the model on the substructure As noted in the preceding paragraph if SLOAD YES is used on the SUBSTRUCTURE MATRIX OUTPUT option these external loads along with any internal loads will be written to
24. egative eigenvalues when translated by the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS you can add a FREQUENCY step with no boundary conditions to the input file If this step is added to the run that creates the results file used by the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS it must not write anything to the results file Diagnosing error messages and problems During execution of the adams command the following warning and error messages may be output WARNING There are N elements in substructure Z1 but only M gt mass matrices have been processed from the results file gt Carefully review this discrepancy before proceeding Explanation If the number of mass matrices read 15 zero verify that there is an ELEMENT MATRIX OUTPUT MASS YES option in the FREQUENCY step that preceded the SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE step If is nonzero but less than n the model may be correct Some Abaqus elements such as dashpots do not have mass matrices The mass of other elements may be neglected if they are not significant in representing the mass of the substructure Elements with negligible mass are not required in the element set whose mass is written to the results file WARNING No fixed interface normal modes gt The results file did not contain any modes from gt a FREQUENCY step Typically this step contains z NODE FILE U Explanation Vibration mode shapes were missing in the results file A FREQUENCY step must precede the SUBSTRUC
25. he rest of the model is essentially identical to the solid model of the link The first eight nonzero frequencies for the unconstrained model are shown in Table 4 3 4 5 EXAMPLES Table 4 3 Nonzero frequencies for the beam link model that are used by ADAMS Flex Frequency Hz 205 555 610 1070 1618 1742 1775 2568 These frequencies are close to those of the solid model of the link Although the computational cost in Abaqus is much less for this model than for the solid model the computational costs in MSC ADAMS for the two models are very similar because both models have 32 modes 12 constraint modes and 20 fixed interface vibration modes The Abaqus input file for the beam model adams ex2 inp is shown below HEADING Link modeled with B31 beam elements Stee ee ae ate eel ae ee ete ele eae ee mmm mE m Emm Um ee ee eer eee NODE DEFINITION kx NODE nset nall kk 1 0 000000000E 00 0 000000000E 00 0 000000000E 00 2 5 000000000E 02 0 000000000E 00 0 000000000E 00 3 1 000000000 01 0 000000000 00 0 000000000 00 4 1 500000000 01 0 000000000 00 0 000000000 00 5 2 000000000 01 0 000000000 00 0 000000000 00 6 2 500000000 01 0 000000000 00 0 000000000 00 7 3 000000000 01 0 000000000 00 0 000000000 00 8 3 500000000 01 0 000000000 00 0 000000000 00 9 4 000000000E 01 0 000000000E 00 0 000000000E 00 10 4 500000000 01 0 000000000 00 0 000000000 00 11 5 000000000
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27. icate the inflation and footprint analysis of the tire as described in that section However a few modifications have been made to adams ex3B to prepare it for the substructure analysis that follows The rim and hub are modeled as a rigid body whose reference node is located at the axle Six degrees of freedom of the reference node will be among the retained degrees of freedom of the substructure The footprint analysis is controlled by applying loads and boundary conditions to this reference node e The MODEL CHANGE ACTIVATE option is used in the first step of the analysis This option does not affect the results ofthat step but is required so that the road tire contact pair can be removed before creating the substructure in the Abaqus restart analysis of adams ex3C The third step has output requests for CDISP and CSTRESS to determine the tire nodes in contact with the road at the end of the footprint analysis A subset of these nodes will be among the retained nodes of the substructure 4 9 EXAMPLES The tire model in its original and deformed states is shown in Figure 4 2 and Figure 4 3 Figure 4 3 Tire model in the deformed state The Abaqus analysis of adams ex3C restarts from the inflation and footprint analysis of adams ex3B and consists of the following three steps e The tire is isolated from the road The MODEL CHANGE REMOVE TYPE CONTACT PAIR option is used to remove the rigid surface re
28. lexible link component and can be used in the tutorials and examples in the MSC ADAMS document Using ADAMS Flex The third example is a tire that is prestressed by inflation and contact with the road prior to creating the Abaqus substructure Example 1 Link modeled with solid elements This example models a simple flexible link component using three dimensional continuum elements To perform the analysis for the link modeled with solid elements 1 Enter the following commands to extract the input files from the compressed archive files provided with the Abaqus release abaqus fetch job adams abaqus fetch job adams nodes abaqus fetch job adams 1 elements 2 Enter the following command to execute the Abaqus analysis abaqus job adams exl 3 Enter the following command to execute the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS and translate the results file generated in the Abaqus analysis to a modal neutral file for use with ADAMS Flex abaqus adams job adams The solid element link model used in the MSC ADAMS four bar linkage model is shown in Figure 4 1 The link is modeled with 642 C3D10 tetrahedral solid elements 1368 nodes Because the solid elements have only displacement degrees of freedom at their nodes multi point constraints are used to provide a connection to the other components in the MSC ADAMS model Two nodes are added along the centerline of the beam at the centers of the hinge holes The C3D10 nodes tha
29. mponent modes computed by Abaqus the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS reports the eigenvalues and frequencies of the modes it will store in the modal neutral file As written to the screen during that translation step the eigenvalues for the first eight modes are shown in Table 4 6 Table 4 6 Eigenvalues computed by the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS for the tire using component modal synthesis with 20 vibration modes and 111 static modes Eigenvalue 3741 1969 0 0 0 0 3 139E 05 3 289E 05 Abaqus input files adams ex3B inp and adams ex3C inp are shown below 4 12 EXAMPLES adams ex3B inp heading tire superelement w symmetric results transfer step 0 generate full 3d model using tiretransfer axi full step 1 equilibrate results step 2 footprint analysis displacement control step 3 footprint analysis load control units kg m preprint model yes history yes node nset road 9999 0 0 0 0 0 02 symmetric model generation revolve element 200 node 200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 90 70 15 10 15 0 70 0 3 90 0 3 symmetric results transfer step 1 inc 4 elset elset foot gen 1001 4801 200 1002 4802 200 1003 4803 200 1004 4804 200 1005 4805 200 1007 4807 200 1008 4808 200 1009 4809 200 1010 4810 200 1011 4811 200 1012 4812 200 1014 4814 200 surface type cylinder name sroad 0 0 0 31657 1 0 0 31657
30. ms newtons seconds cgs centimeters grams dyne seconds ips inches pound mass pound force seconds The valid options for each of the length mass force and time options are as follows Length units Valid options for the length units are meters e millimeters mm e centimeters cm e kilometers km e inches inch in 3 1 CREATING THE MSC ADAMS MODAL NEUTRAL FILE 3 2 e feet foot ft e mile Mass units Valid options for the mass units are kilograms kg megagram tonne e gram g e pound mass lbm pound e slug kpound mass ounce mass Force units Valid options for the force units are e newtons N knewton kN kilogram force kgf dyne ounce force pound force lbf pound kpound force Time units Valid options for the time units are seconds sec e milliseconds ms e minutes min e hours Executing the adams command to create a modal neutral file without stress or strain The adams command is used to read the Abaqus results file produced by the multistep Abaqus analysis and to produce an MSC ADAMS modal neutral mn file There are several specific requirements on the format of the results file Creating an input file to satisfy these requirements is described in Setting up the Abaqus model to create a modal neutral file without stress or strain Section 2 2 CREATING THE MSC ADAMS MODAL NEUTRAL FILE abaqus adams job job name input input file units mmks
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32. output variables stress S strain E or both can be written to the results file In addition you must run a second Abaqus analysis to recover stress or strain in the substructure for the static constraint modes You can create the input file for the second Abaqus analysis using the procedure described in Creating the second input file Section 3 3 1 Note the following point about the SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE step in the first Abaqus analysis e Ifthe SORTED NO parameter is used on the RETAINED NODAL DOFS option and the same node number or node set is listed more than once on the data lines the second input file must be edited so that the corresponding nodes at the usage level appear the same number of times For more information see Ordering of the substructure nodes on the usage level in Using substructures Section 10 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Supported Abaqus elements The Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS is designed to support most Abaqus elements that have displacement degrees of freedom at any node However there are a few limitations and considerations Infinite elements for example CIN3D8 coupled thermal structural elements for example C3D8T generalized axisymmetric elements for example CGAX3 and frame elements for example FRAME3D are not supported 3 1 CREATING THE MSC ADAMS MODAL NEUTRAL FILE Creating the MSC ADAMS modal neutral file This chapter describes the procedures use
33. presenting the road The mechanics of the solution are unchanged since the BOUNDARY FIXED option is used to specify that the nodes in node set FOOTPR have displacements identical to their computed values at the end of the previous step 4 10 EXAMPLES One effect of this step is to reformulate the stiffness matrix of the tire without the Lagrange multipliers that were used to enforce the contact constraints this leads to a more realistic substructure matrix This step writes displacements for all nodes to the results file so that deformed nodal coordinates will be written to the results file Twenty normal modes of the tire are computed This step has boundary conditions to restrain all degrees of freedom that will be retained in the substructure plus additional restraints to maintain the footprint shape This step writes element mass matrices for all elements and eigenvectors for all modes to the results file The eight lowest vibration frequencies computed in this step are shown in Table 44 Table 4 4 Fixed interface vibration frequencies for the prestressed tire Frequency Hz 57 65 70 83 94 99 108 118 To compute the modes and frequencies for the unrestrained prestressed tire remove all boundary conditions and run a separate analysis The eight lowest eigenvalues for this analysis are shown in Table 4 5 The prestress has eliminated two of the zero eigenvalues that would be expected in an unstressed free vib
34. ration calculation These eigenvalues are significantly negative hence their retention in the modal neutral file is optional and is controlled by an environment variable as discussed in Translating modes with negative eigenvalues Section 3 4 The substructure is created The list of retained nodal degrees of freedom includes six degrees of freedom at the hub and three degrees of freedom at 35 nodes of the footprint These contribute 111 degrees of freedom to the substructure In addition 20 fixed interface normal modes are retained so the substructure mass and stiffness matrices have 131 degrees of freedom Depending on the engineering use of the substructure you can choose other retained degrees of freedom You can experiment with retaining a different number of nodes or possibly only the normal component of displacement at some nodes In addition the number of fixed interface normal modes can be varied The SUBSTRUCTURE MATRIX OUTPUT option uses the optional parameter SLOAD YES to write the modal load components to the results file Thus after translation the loads 4 11 EXAMPLES Table 4 5 Eigenvalues computed by Abaqus for the unrestrained prestressed tire using all DOFs of the FEA model Eigenvalue 3743 1970 0 0 0 0 3 048E 05 3 208E 05 corresponding to the fraction of vehicle weight that prestressed the tire will be in the modal neutral file used by ADAMS Flex After reorthogonalizing the co
35. ry_job se_recovery_job name units mmks mks ips length ength units name mass mass units name time time units name force force units name job This option controls the name of the modal neutral file that will be created The job name value is used to construct the new modal neutral file name job name mnf If this option is omitted from the command line the user will be prompted for this value input This option specifies the name ofthe results file from the first Abaqus analysis 1f it is different from job name fil se recovery job This option specifies the name of the results file from the second Abaqus analysis CREATING THE MSC ADAMS MODAL NEUTRAL FILE units This option specifies the units system for the model The possible values are mmks mks cgs or ips which correspond to the ADAMS View options with the same names The default value is mks length This option specifies the length units for the model If this option is specified it overrides the length units of the specified units system mass This option specifies the mass units for the model If this option is specified it overrides the mass units of the specified units system time This option specifies the time units for the model If this option is specified it overrides the time units of the specified units system force This option specifies the force units for the model If this option is specified it overrides the force
36. t load controlled static long term 1 0 1 0 boundary op new rim ref 1 6 road 1 2 road 4 6 cload op new road 3 3300 contact print cdisp cstress end step kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk 4 15 EXAMPLES adams ex3C inp heading tire superelement w symmetric results transfer Restart to identify nodes in footprint Step 4 remove contact constraints Step 5 extract fixed interface modes step 6 generate superelement units kg m preprint model yes history yes restart read step 3 write overlay elset elset eall tread side belt koe ete te the e the e the e ete te te ete ete ete ete e tee e nset nset footpr unsorted This is the list of tire nodes found to contact with the road at the end of the previous step These nodes had status CL in the contact print table 1850 1855 2300 2305 2650 2655 2905 3040 3255 3295 3640 3645 3905 4045 1905 2440 2695 3045 3300 3650 4050 2045 2050 2445 2450 2700 2705 3050 3055 3305 3440 3655 3695 4055 4100 2055 2100 2455 2495 2840 2845 3095 3100 3445 3450 3700 3705 4105 4250 2105 2245 2500 2505 2850 2855 3105 3240 3455 3495 3845 3850 4255 4305 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk nset nset footpr_retnodes 2250 2255 2640 2645 2895 2900 3245 3250 3500 3505 3
37. t lie on the faces of the hinge holes are connected to the extra nodes with BEAM type multi point constraints allowing the nodes to transmit both forces and moments between the link and other MSC ADAMS components The options used to define the single substructure are those described in The Abaqus substructure model Section 2 1 Twenty fixed interface vibration modes are computed to represent the dynamic behavior of the link MSC ADAMS uses the fixed interface vibration modes and the constraint modes to characterize the flexibility of the link The eight lowest fixed interface vibration frequencies computed by Abaqus are shown in Table 4 1 These frequencies are reported in the adams ex1 dat file EXAMPLES model 1 gravity Figure 4 1 Solid link model Table 4 1 Fixed interface vibration frequencies for the solid link model Frequency Hz 206 391 570 1124 1228 1817 1879 2541 4 2 EXAMPLES The Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS combines these fixed interface modes with the static constraint modes to compute an equivalent modal basis to be used by ADAMS Flex The first six frequencies of this equivalent basis are approximately zero The next eight frequencies for the unconstrained model are shown in Table 4 2 These frequencies are written to the screen when executing the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS Table 4 2 Nonzero frequencies for the solid link model that are used by ADAMS Flex Frequency Hz 1
38. the preload data block of the modal neutral file The NAME used for the load case is immaterial The history section of the Abaqus input file may include general steps preceding the required FREQUENCY and SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE steps Note the following points about these optional general steps e Displacements written to the results file in these steps will be used to update the nodal coordinates written to the modal neutral file Displacements for later steps will update those of earlier steps Therefore if displacements for a subset of nodes have been written for any step the final step should write displacements for all nodes of the substructure otherwise some nodes will be translated with their original coordinates and others will be translated with their deformed coordinates Loads from these steps may be translated to modal preloads block 27 in the modal neutral file if SLOAD YES is used on the SUBSTRUCTURE MATRIX OUTPUT option Internal and external loads are treated differently Internal loads include distributed loads such as self weight and boundary conditions These loads are considered to be an intrinsic part of the substructure All DLOAD data and the reaction forces due to boundary conditions are treated as internal loads The resultant of internal loads may be nonzero For example if a gravity load is applied to a structure restrained from rigid body motion a net force equal to the weight of the body will act on
39. the rest of the MSC ADAMS model through the retained degrees of freedom External loads represent the effect of other parts of the model on the substructure All CLOAD options are considered to be external loads To translate these loads to MSC ADAMS the CLOADS in a general step must be replicated as SUBSTRUCTURE LOAD CASE data in the SUBSTRUCTURE GENERATE step Setting up the Abaqus model to create a modal neutral file with stress or strain If you want the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS to translate stress or strain to the modal neutral file you must modify the template in the previous section to prepare an input file for the first Abaqus analysis You must include an output request for stress or strain in the FREQUENCY step as shown in the following example PREPARING THE Abaqus INPUT FILE 2 4 ek cheek e ke he e ke e e e e e e e e e EL FILE POSITION NODES DIRECTIONS YES 1 S E kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Note the following points about the output request The POSITION NODES parameter is required e The DIRECTIONS YES parameter is recommended for all models This parameter is required for models containing shell elements e The section point number 1 on the line following EL FILE in this example is required for models containing shell elements The section point number will be ignored for solid elements Stress or strain for only a single section point can be translated to the modal neutral file e The
40. tion 2 3 and Executing the adams command to create a modal neutral file with stress or strain Section 3 3 The remaining sections of this manual discuss these procedures in detail 1 4 What are the contents of the modal neutral file The Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS translates data from one more Abaqus results 11 files and creates an MSC ADAMS modal neutral mnf file Depending on the contents of the results files and the translation parameters the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS creates a modal neutral file containing the data blocks shown in Table 1 1 Table 1 1 Modal neutral file contents Block Number voten Abaqus rade d iS CADAT 1 Version code Yes 2 Header Yes 3 Content summary Yes 4 Nodal coordinates Yes 5 lt Not used gt N A 6 Global mass properties Yes INTRODUCTION Hiper Number content Abaqus nana d 7 Eigenvalues Yes 8 Mode shapes Yes 9 Nodal masses Yes 10 Nodal inertias Yes 11 Units Yes 12 Generalized stiffness matrix Yes 13 Generalized mass matrix Yes 14 Element faces Yes 15 Generalized damping No 16 Mode shape transformation Yes 17 Interface nodes Yes 18 Modal stress Optional 19 to 26 Inertia invariants Yes 27 Modal preload Yes 28 Modal loads No 29 Modal strain Optional PREPARING THE Abaqus INPUT FILE 2 Preparing the Abaqus input file This chapter describes the preparation of an Abaqus input file that will produce the results quan
41. tities required by ADAMS Flex 2 1 The Abaqus substructure model The first step in accounting for a component s flexibility in MSC ADAMS is to model that component as an Abaqus substructure This process involves creating an Abaqus finite element model of the component General guidelines for building Abaqus models with substructures are described in Using substructures Section 10 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual The specific requirements for building substructure models that can be exported to MSC ADAMS are described in the following sections The Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS creates modal neutral files that do not contain stress or strain from a single results file that is written by an Abaqus analysis as described in Setting up the Abaqus model to create a modal neutral file without stress or strain Section 2 2 If you want the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS to translate stress or strain to the modal neutral file a second Abaqus analysis is required as discussed in Setting up the Abaqus model to create a modal neutral file with stress or strain Section 2 3 2 2 Setting up the Abaqus model to create a modal neutral file without stress or strain If you want the Abaqus Interface for MSC ADAMS to create a modal neutral file without stress or strain you can use the following template to prepare an input file for the Abaqus analysis HEADING kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk STEP FREQUENCY EIGENSOLVER BO
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