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User Manual for Nesis II

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1. M 15 3 2 2 MOVING Map ZOOM Level at ibidem bna beim uides ua ed o dian 15 3 3 Engine MODnItOTIDS CO CO Mancia tinca idol 15 A M A PHP 16 3 4 Modern Flight Information SCEeel seii tis eoe OnpE ese obe va Ya oe e VY TAY REN FEY eca Pape Fes UDawR os ee tav Pase toV Tav Deve aua DEEP ves DA E ERE Eta oaa pdEe 16 SRM NIORT M 19 39 SCLTINES SCE ee tT 19 4 FLIGHT TIME ACTIVITIES Sa iaa 20 ALT SQUlin ge T Mec I 20 E EeldzIGori dom ELE 20 1 2 Initial ONES CTN eesieacan ume taedet A ete uet anta a ud ui aa a atta HR vua Diae om qM ee 20 4 2 List of Nearest AIDOT S 2 5 o ono EE De oa oda R vs eee EDRPR Ea Se QU VR PE PEDE E do Desa aniston 21 4 3 Selecting a WAV DOIN TETTE T 22 43 1 The Waypoint Selection MOGE e voten teeth set ex ned tuin Pate pet e Ph ato rasa bed robe ia ai 22 43 2 Name FIC les intestate O edi cva EER EA EAEE TE AA M CL DOLENS Cede LL Dus E LE CUL 23 2 3 atas EB GRRE ene sug musst a ec Le tul uL Lote c m o pp e eM a eden 23 4 3 4 VO FINE Cl ase itio diia o nea es Mois etes aieo bate O 23 4 3 5 New User Wa DOM escorts test race teh eedem bx E URS d centes orae dai 23 AA ROUTE SClECTION REPRE TOI DL Tm 24 A A ACTIVARING Mejor IC 24 4 4 2 Route Manipulation cccccccsssccccessecccenecccseeeceseueeeesenee
2. Yaw correction affects the roll and pitch correction as well Hence it 1s important to be set before roll and pitch corrections are made LL A Pr e EN Figure 46 Illustration of possible yaw misalignment of NESIS top view perfect position left positive yaw misalignment error middle negative yaw misalignment error right 6 14 2 Roll and Pitch Adjustment Once yaw correction is known in most cases it 1s zero roll and pitch can be automatically corrected Make sure that airplane is level for both roll and pitch Make also sure that NESIS is turned ON for at least five minutes this warms up the internal electronics and stabilizes numerical filters Once the airplane is level and NESIS is warm select the Adjust command to start the automatic procedure Wait for the progress bar to finish and observe the roll and pitch numerical values At the end they should be close to zero Press the Save button to save the values The Close button closes the dialogue and restores previous correction 4 NESIS II User s Manual Airplane Axis Current Yaw 0 0 oo Roll 0 3 0 6 Pitch 1 1 2 0 Adjustment in progress jj Instructions Make sure Nesis is running for at least 5 minutes Make sure your airplane is leveled as in a cruise flight Consult manual for proper Yaw value Use 0 0 if unsure Press the Adjust button and wait for the progress bar to finish Observe
3. 55 Mathematically speaking if v t represents TAS and f represents time then the distance D is calculated as D v t dt 33 NESIS II User s Manual Stopping the engine and turning NESIS OFF later is in a dispute with common behavior of most pilots They usually turn OFF all the avionics and stop the engine last to prevent unnecessary discharge of the battery NESIS uses only 0 8 A at 12 V about 10 W and has almost no impact on battery when running for a few minutes 6 3 User Preferences This dialogue allows customizing user preferences There are several logically grouped sections An example is given on figure 35 User Pilot VA Language aia English Cruising speed 160 km h Screen HSI map type Tracking up Start sceen System LCD Brightness 100 Audio volume 50 96 Changes may require Nesis reboot Figure 35 The user settings dialogue Use the Close command to save the changes and to close the dialogue In most cases this restarts NESIS 6 3 1 User The User section deals with pilot names language and cruising speed Select the active pilot from the list of pilots The pilot list also allows entering a new pilot editing a name of an existing pilot or deleting a pilot from the list using New Edit and Delete commands respectively The language selection option affects the language of the NESIS user interface It also affects the language of the voice messages When translation is
4. GED User Wayponts miinaan eis OT 39 6 12 Service MOUE ii a E a 40 6 13 System Preferences oiii a a ias 40 AAPP A AE me 40 6 eo APA E o Cana T E 40 6714 ETSI Wo To ad AIRS ERR PR 41 6 14 1 Yaw Misaligriment areas 41 6 14 2 Roll aNd Piten A d teen uo eoo tti EU NU wes TER td 41 6 15 Airplane Sc EnglliG sii esi itii tt 42 O15 LENDING IVD s taste nanna i astu tE atate ia ida 42 6 15 2 DAQU Parameter TaDIe idas 42 6 16 Tank Cobra ON iii UU Oc 43 6 17 Sensor Offset Correccional ie 43 6 18 Special Functions nui cedi qoi vvi a a io DDR L CENE Ce TCU ie DERE POE CO UO Qe TOI DU Sed de 44 6 19 Autapilot TUNING sativa sea pesa edoyek a vices ele tos avila lidad Mia a vavsvinauanaiauaNaagianaweres 44 6 20 User ModE r M 44 TEIN IH Eni od p Gr 45 TABS DESC Indicator iiis exi ones teense ers Drak Ok Vae OYE VOR a FEE Voxe MR eren OF eV DNE VEF REDI FEET RC a Or aa cler EXE FEVER CN CEU YR Iu E TE DuA 45 7 2 Attitude AHRS INGICALOR co veu esee oT aei N Neat au eUSe Pom use vv su e a EEVVNNEUNS Vou Ese usa e NEU RO MOI VOU TaMN OE Se SV pI MENS 46 pA AIUEUGS INGICATON gister 47 7 4 Vertical Speed Indicator and Accelerometer 1 e eee eene eee eee eee eee enhn hehehe sense esee sees eese esses eese seno 47 7 5 Tachometer RPM and Manifold Pressure Indi
5. The engine monitoring screen has its own specific menu New command is Fuel level QNH MANI e The Fuel Level command adjusts current fuel level This option is available iih only when no fuel level sensors are connected to the DAQU unit and NESIS LJ T C Fuet Level itself calculates fuel level Please see note in section 7 10 Fuel Level Figure 13 The menu options 3 4 Modern Flight Information Screen The modern flight information screen 1s composed of a background image and an overlay The background image can show e synthetic vision e large artificial horizon 16 NESIS II User s Manual e large moving map similar to the navigation screen e check list e animage that shows live video image from a compatible USB video e camera e guidance screen for taking orthophoto pictures Select View Artificial Horizon Moving Map Check list Figure 14 Dialogue for changing views The overlay shows various flight parameters in form of bars and scales The upper part shows flight information while the lower part is reserved for the engine parameters t 310 ee es ee Lt 10 20 pols en re i e I RU PEEL laz kah LO 320 330 340 JISC 10 wv All Switches w Master Switch Primary Flight Contes ee f Flaparons Par Brakes Figure 15 Different views of the modern flight information screen Synthetic Vision 1 Moving Map 2 Check list 3 and Video from camera 4 One useful ex
6. The system is presented on figure 1 The system consists of the following electronic components e Engine monitoring unit DAQU used to connect the engine fuel and electric sensors e Airu AHRS and GPS unit further on referred as AHRS unit as an inertial navigation unit aided by the GPS and pressure sensors AHRS unit provides attitude position and velocities AHRS unit is hidden inside the NESIS Primary display e Mabu unit is a hidden unit and serves as motherboard for the embedded computer as a data logger and as a CAN bus interface Mabu 1s an integral part of any NESIS display e NESIS Primary display presents all relevant information that appears on the CAN bus in a pilot friendly form on a large LCD screen Most of this manual describes how to access read and interact with the NESIS display CAN bus Figure I Illustration of minimal NESIS configuration The NESIS system can be easily extended into a much more complex form shown on figure 2 We achieved this by introducing CAN bus for the communication between the units The CAN bus does the magic of the all possible known and unknown future extensions Imagine the CAN bus as a kind of computer network Just like new computers can be easily connected to the network we connect all new devices to CAN This allows introduction of secondary NESIS display autopilot weather service external 5 NESIS II User s Manual warning panel lights tr
7. This is what you see on the attitude indicator In a very similar way short term inertial position prediction is compared with the GPS position Again Kalman filtering is used to obtain the final solution 1 2 2 Engine Sensors Engine related sensors are connected to the engine monitoring unit DAQU DAQU unit is designed to be installed on the engine side of the firewall This has two advantages e Since the unit is close to the engine all cables are short and no extensions are needed This means less weight and makes simpler installation e We only need one tiny hole through the firewall for the CAN bus cable This cable transfers all the information and provides the power supply for DAQU unit DAQU is designed to monitor engine sensors for various engines up to six cylinders e g Rotax Jabiru Lycoming etc When an engine is equipped with proper sensors it can measure engine RPM cylinder head temperature CHT exhaust gas temperature EGT oil pressure oil temperature fuel pressure fuel flow fuel level manifold pressure carburetor air temperature voltage battery current alternator current coolant temperature and more In the case of gyrocopter or helicopter installation it also reads the rotor RPM sensor The results of all these measurements are then transmitted on the CAN bus where all other units are able to read them 1 2 3 Sensor Calibration Almost all MEMS sensors have one common problem they are sensitive
8. opens information about nearest airports e Wpt function opens waypoint selection e Route function opens route selection e Brws function switches to browse mode e Log function opens a logbook e Legend function opens a legend e Hdg function not implemented yet e Alt function not implemented yet e Volume function opens a dialogue for setting volume e Bright function opens a dialogue for setting LCD brightness e User 1 function not implemented yet e User 2 function not implemented yet e Alarm function opens a dialogue for setting alarms e Setup function opens a settings screen 2 2 Turning ON OFF NESIS is connected to an avionics power bus which has a mechanical switch between the bus and the battery so it is automatically turned ON and therefore it does not have an ON OFF button 2 2 1 Start up Procedure When NESIS is powered ON the start up procedure commences The internal computer starts loading operating system and the NESIS main program When the program i1s loaded it continues loading various databases like airfields navigation points airspaces maps etc This procedure takes some time Once the program is ready it opens the start up dialogue as shown on figure 5 left Warning This instrument may be used under VFR visual flying rules only Select Pilot Eva Tai Set fuel level 21 Any navigational information is prov
9. pilot remove or rename an existing one refer to section 6 3 The fuel level option is shown only when no fuel level sensors are connected to the DAQU unit 11 NESIS II User s Manual 3 Five Major Screens This section describes five major screens used in NESIS These screens are directly accessible by turning the Cancel knob Figure 6 illustrates all screens available in NESIS Figure 6 Five major screens in NESIS Classic Flight Information Screen Navigation Screen Engine Monitoring Screen Modern Flight Information Screen pa wc A qe e User Settings Screen 3 1 Classic Flight Information Screen The first screen 1s the classic flight information screen This screen shows flight information which is the pilot s primary concern The most important instruments have classical look and follow the recommended IFR T layout classic six pack Figure 7 shows an example of this screen All round gauges are fully configurable and may show other information as well Section 7 describes gauges more briefly 1 The airspeed indicator displays IAS indicated airspeed and TAS true airspeed The indicator background can display white green yellow arc VNE limit recommended approach speed and other important speed limits 2 The artificial horizon indicator AHRS provides current attitude and side slip information Roll and pitch angle can be read from the top and middle scale respectively The ball indicates the side
10. slot for Flarm updates sd 00 60 2 km h 180 80 160 FO os y 140 12 gu j L Current Range Fuel Ns itn 2 3 jd e sos 1 hs 4 E Jj gt to p Y ad gt UP m A n gt e TN AEN VW TO OX SM J MA X ha k Y EAR Yl Nt r ib A 70 526 km x s A pc BAT NE E i Average Endur 005 GS 108 km h 14 4 Ut 4 52 CH EG OW OF vec E Figure 4 Organization of NESIS front panel Here is a brief description of individual items l A The OK knob is mostly used to select things confirm selection change values change zoom levels etc The Cancel knob is used to change the NESIS screen to reject selection to cancel some decision or to change escape to some other selection level The multi function buttons Btn 1 Btn 6 have three modes a Direct short with short push the button directly accesses the function written on the upper side of the button b Direct long with long push the button directly accesses the function written on the bottom side of the button c Display mode is active when at least one menu command is visible on the screen The USB port is used for software map and data updates The SD card slot is used for Flarm software updates 3 Flarm unit is needed NESIS II User s Manual 2 1 1 Multi function buttons e ONH function opens a dialogue for setting QNH e Pitch function opens a dialogue for setting pitch e Near function
11. the list was created Arrow colors indicate whether an airfield can be reached in the glide mode e Red arrow indicates that airfield can t be safely reached in the glide mode e Yellow arrow indicates that airfield might be reached in the glide mode however below the safety altitude e Green arrow indicates that airfield should be reached in the glide mode at or above the safety altitude Minimal safety altitude and glide ratio are configured in settings Refer to section 6 13 for more details Important note the arrow colors calculation does not take terrain into account So it is possible that an airfield 15 marked as green but it is not reachable due to the high terrain between the airplane and the airfield With the list is active the following commands are available e Turn the OK knob to select the desired airfield and press it to accept the selection e Select the CA4O command to show only ICAO airfields default option e Select the A command to include airfields and landing fields which are not in ICAO e Select the Close command to close the dialogue The selected airfield becomes new waypoint and NESIS goes into the Direct to mode ll Glide mode means that engine is not running and that the airplane is flying at the speed of the best glide 21 NESIS II User s Manual 4 5 Selecting a Waypoint A waypoint selection is a bit more complex process then selecting one of the nearest airports NESIS maintains separat
12. the values in the Current column They should approach and stabilize around zero Values below or close to 0 5 degress are OK Save the result Figure 47 An example of attitude AHRS adjustment dialogue 6 15 Airplane amp Engine This dialogue sets the engine type and configures sensor parameters for the engine monitoring unit DAQU Engine Type Rotax 912 100 HP Channels Function Sensor Time Filter Engine RPM RPM Rotax 100 80 1 Not used CHT 1 VDO 150C CHT 2 VDO 150C Not used Not used Not used Not used EGT 1 Figure 48 Engine monitoring unit channel configuration dialogue 6 15 1 Engine Type The top control is used to specify the engine type Currently this affects the fuel flow calculation only The NESIS system does not need a fuel flow sensor and still provides pretty accurate fuel consumption The fuel consumption is calculated using specially prepared mathematical models that are based on the engine type engine RPM and manifold pressure The precision of our mathematical model is in the same range as precision of the fuel flow sensors 6 15 2 DAQU Parameter Table DAQU unit is able to read many different sensors and these sensors can be connected to different DAQU channels Using the table we tell DAQU unit which sensor is connected to which channel and what the role of the sensor is Additionally some other configuration parameters can be also set Each row in the table co
13. to see and control aircraft with transmitting aircraft s position and track which tells where the aircraft will be over time if it continues flying straight Flarm active and cooperative traffic system was also designed as collision warning system It is aware of aircraft established in a turn especially thermalling and it transmits the expected position of the aircraft over the next 20 seconds With ADS B and Flarm technologies your NESIS unit shows aircrafts in surroundings on navigation screen Visibility of aircrafts can be manually set by reducing or decreasing Relative vertical limit and Horizontal limit in a dialogue seen on figure 43 ADSB Flarm Relative vertical limit 33000 feet Horizontal limit Figure 43 ADSB Flarm settings dialogue 6 11 User Waypoints NESIS allows storing user specific waypoints These waypoints may be entered during the flight see section 4 3 5 and can be edited using a dialogue illustrated on figure 44 e Use New command to enter new user waypoint in the system e The Edit command will modify selected user waypoint e Use Delete command to remove the selected user waypoint e Use Transfer command to transfer user waypoint to secondary NESIS e Use Close to exit 39 NESIS II User s Manual User waypoints Latitude Longitude Figure 44 Example of the user waypoints editing dialogue 6 12 Service Mode Is a gateway to the Service settings A special password
14. 12 ra Holland 2013 1 02 05 13 35 0 MB D NL13 ra Poland NW 2012 1 29 03 13 20 5 MB D PLNW12 ra 10 Poland W 2012 1 29 03 13 21 4 MB D PLW12 ra Figure 41 The Edit Maps window 6 9 Alarms This dialogue is used to configure individual alarms Each alarm can be set to one of the options e Disable is used to disable alarm completely This is useful in case of a sensor failure A faulty sensor keeps signaling false alarms and here you disable it until sensor is replaced 38 NESIS II User s Manual e Text is used to display alarm without any sound e Sound is used to play a beep sound e Voice is used to play a voice describing the alarm Alarm text output and human voice depend on the language settings When selected language is not available English is used Figure 42 shows the dialogue Allow audio alarms Set alarm Fuel level Text Max airspeed Text Engine RPM Text Fuel pressure Text Oil pressure Text El current Text CHT Text EGT Text Voltage Text CO level Text Oil temp Text COHb Text Water temp Text Figure 42 Alarms configuration dialogue 6 10 ADS B Flarm Settings Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast is communications navigation surveillance air traffic technology It uses Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS technology and a relatively simple broadcast communications link as its fundamental components ADS B allows pilots and air traffic controllers
15. 6 5 Figure 7 Illustration of the classic flight information screen 3 1 1 Menu Pressing the OK knob brings up possible commands for the classic flight information screen see figure 8 e The ONH command opens a dialogue where a QNH value is set e The Pitch command is used to adjust the pitch during the flight eThe Airfield command allows you to select from airfields in your surroundings Airfields are sorted according to their distance from current position Selected airfield becomes a new waypoint and NESIS goes into the Direct to waypoint mode See section 4 2 for more details e The Waypoint command opens a dialogue where a waypoint is selected from ing E database Waypoints can be filtered according to their type distance from current position and name On selection NESIS goes into the Direct to mode See section 4 3 for more details e The Route command opens two different dialogues If no route is active a route selection is offered However if a route is already active a route leg or a route waypoint can be activated See section 4 4 ej Waypoint Y5 in Figure 8 The menu options 13 NESIS II User s Manual 3 1 2 Moving Map Zoom Level NESIS keeps updating several different moving map zoom levels These levels are seamlessly computed in the background and are immediately available The only exception 1s the start up when NESIS needs some time to prepare the initial maps Zoom levels are changed by tur
16. DE MARIBOR Figure 24 Selection of a leg or a waypoint in an existing route e Use the OK knob to select a route waypoint e The Select Leg command selects a leg on the route that leads to the selected waypoint NESIS switches to the route mode guiding you to follow the selected leg e The Direct To command guides you to the selected waypoint in the Direct to mode e Press the Deactivate command to deactivate the route 4 5 Adjusting Fuel Level This option is available only when no fuel level sensors are connected to DAQU unit and NESIS calculates remaining fuel from the fuel flow information Fuel level is first adjusted during the NESIS start up procedure However if you need to modify it during the flight switch to the engine monitoring screen press the OK knob and select the Fuel Level command A dialogue similar to figure 25 appears e Turn the OK knob to adjust the fuel level Note that the fuel level changes in steps Act conservative and set slightly less fuel than you really have e Confirm the selection by pressing the OK knob e Reject and close the dialogue by pressing the Cancel knob Set Fuel Figure 25 Setting a fuel level 23 NESIS II User s Manual 4 6 Setting Pitch Correction Switch to the c assic flight information screen press the OK knob and select the Pitch command You can also directly access the dialogue by pushing Pitch multi function button A dialogue similar to figure 26
17. ES bs TERR F u E Figure 53 The metric version of variometer used in NESIS 7 5 Tachometer RPM and Manifold Pressure Indicator A tachometer is an instrument that measures the rotation speed of a motor shaft It displays the revolutions per minute RPM hence its alternative name RPM indicator A manifold pressure is an effect of choked flow through a throttle in the intake manifold of an engine It is a measure of the amount of restriction of airflow through the engine Hence it is also a measure of the unused power capacity in the engine The feet version of altimeter can be configured to show the third 10000 feet needle as well 47 NESIS II User s Manual Both indicators are related to the power settings Therefore we combined them into one single indicator see figure 54 This allows the pilot to optimally set the throttle and the propeller pitch The tachometer scale is fully configurable Note that some engines do not specify green and yellow range Hence such range 1s optional e The optional green range defines the recommended range of RPM e The optional yellow range defines the range of RPM which should not be used for longer period and should be generally avoided e The red mark limits the engine RPM E inHg 20 25 0 a QAM Figure 54 The combination of RPM and manifold pressure indicator The manifold pressure scale is always given in inHg inches of mercury units Although this unit 1s f
18. Nesis II User s Manual Kanardia Kanardia d o o June 2013 Nesis II User s Manual Version 2 6 Contact Information Publisher and producer Kanardia d o o Ulica heroja RojSka 70 SI 3000 Celje Slovenia Tel 386 40 360 512 Email info kanardia eu A lot of useful and recent information can be also found on the Internet See http www kanardia eu for more details Copyright This document is published under the Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 3 0 Unported license Full license is available on http creativecommons org licenses by sa 3 0 legalcode web page and a bit more human readable summary is given on http creativecommons org licenses by sa 3 0 In short the license gives you right to copy reproduce and modify this document 1f e you cite Kanardia d o o as the author of the original work and e you distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one Credits This document was written using Microsoft Office Word running on Microsoft Windows operating system Most of the figures were drawn using Open Office Draw and Inkscape applications Photos and scanned material was processed using Gimp All document sources are freely available on request under the license mentioned above and can be obtained by e mail Please send requests to info kanardia eu Revision History The following table shows the revision history of this document 2 0 June 2012 Added
19. SIS display some options require password entry before proceeding and some options are available only when correct hardware is detected The factory default password is 314 first three most significant digits of number 7 as seen on figure 31 The password was introduced in order to prevent unwanted accidental alterations of important settings 9 Functional only when ADS B Flarm unit s are connected to NESIS l Functional only when secondary NESIS display is connected to the CAN bus 30 NESIS II User s Manual Enter service password Bu J1 Figure 31 Password is required in order to open certain options The Service settings require special password which is specific for each NESIS The following options are available These options are executed rarely and require extra care The System Preferences icon is used to set instrument screen configuration and flight parameters The Level Adjust AHRS icon is used to adjust the installation specific roll pitch and yaw correction angles of the AHRS unit The Airplane Engine icon configures the engine related settings and sensors connected to the engine monitoring unit DAQU The Tank Calibration icon starts setup procedure for the fuel level measuring hardware and runs procedures required for the fuel tank shape calibration The Sensor Offset Correction allows zero adjustments of several sensors and engine time The Special Functions The Autopilot Tuning The User Mod
20. Vye velocity never exceeded redline mark indicates the maximum demonstrated safe airspeed that the aircraft must not exceed under any circumstances ISA International Standard Atmosphere 45 NESIS II User s Manual Vrer yellow dot marks landing reference speed which is the recommended speed used on landings V speed blue dot speed which will allow the best rate of climb Vre and Vg orange dots one dot for Vrp and two for Vrg2 are used to mark the upper limits for extended flaps The full flap extension limit is represented by V pp 7 2 Attitude AH RS Indicator The attitude indicator also known as artificial horizon AHRS is used to inform the pilot on the orientation of the aircraft relative to earth It indicates pitch and roll Figure 51 illustrates the attitude indicator combined with the inclinometer ball as it is found in NESIS The following markings are found on the indicator Sa 1 5 AN 35 A a Figure 51 Attitude indicator combined with the slip skid indicator The roll scale is used to give a rough estimate about the roll value The roll arrow in the form of yellow triangle is used to mark current roll value on the scale The white triangle on the scale identifies zero roll situation The pitch scale gives a rough estimate about current pitch angle The scale should be read at the middle point of the yellow wing reference line The slip skid indicat
21. ample may be glider towing a back facing small camera may replace a mirror and provide unobscured video image of the glider Geoniss orthophoto device must be connected to the CAN bus for the orthophoto mode to be operational 17 NESIS II User s Manual 20 19 E 3 N 18 LICL Bear 258 6 GA i Dist 29 6 km M i 8 N T 0 09 52 O Y 17 gt TA 16 45 14 as 42 41 0 Figure 16 Modern look of the flight information screen Artificial horizon is taken for the background The overlay consists of the following items l 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 The Compass scale moves according to current airplane heading or tracking This depends of the settings The scale displays the heading bug marker yellow triangle which gives you direction to the selected waypoint The Heading Tracking displays true heading tracking or magnetic heading The Altitude scale displays altitude When the altitude indicator approaches to the top of the scale it is rescaled automatically The VSI vario scale Acceleration due to gravity The moving altitude label The altitude label moves while the scale background is kept constant This way we try to mimic the behavior of classic instruments where the position of the needle gives the information without the need to actually read the label The vario label displays current value of the vertical speed Current QNH setting baro correction is displ
22. ansponder Although the secondary NESIS display does not have the AHRS unit inside it 1s fully functional and behaves almost exactly like the primary NESIS display The NESIS family of products and accessories keeps growing and growing Please refer to the NESIS Purchase Guide for all available options CAN bus Secondary Autopilot Transpond Fuel level Display CAN bus Weather Camera Special monitor stabilization devices Figure 2 Illustration of extended NESIS configuration using CAN bus 1 2 Principles of the Operation As it was indicated above NESIS uses special units to provide the information The flight information attitude position and velocities 1s obtained by AHRS and MAGU electronic compass units while all engine related information is obtained from DAQU unit All these units are connected to the CAN bus 1 2 1 Attitude Heading and Velocities NESIS uses state of the art MEMS sensors to read various physical quantities Since all sensors are solid state NESIS has no moving parts This means it has fewer problems with fatigue and ageing The following MEMS sensors are used in the NESIS system e The angular rate sensors also known as gyros are used in the attitude calculation The angular rates are integrated in time in order to predict new attitude from the old one We could say that they give short time attitude prediction They are also used in gravity vector calculation e The accel
23. appears e Turn the OK knob to adjust the correct value for pitch correction e Confirm the selection by pressing the OK knob e Reject and close the dialogue by pressing the Cancel knob Set pitch 0 Figure 26 Setting pitch correction 4 7 Pitch trim Please refer to DAQU Installation Manual for connection and settings Once you have configured your Pitch trim setting by moving Pitch trim the window illustrated on figure 27 opens Nose Tail Figure 27 Pitch trim display window 4 8 Flap position Please refer to DAQU Installation Manual for connection and settings Once you have configured your Flap position setting by moving Flap position the window illustrated on figure 28 opens Figure 28 Flap position display window 26 NESIS II User s Manual 5 Browsing the Map The navigation screen has a special menu command called Browse which changes the navigation map mode into the browse mode Brws multi function button gives you direct access to the browse mode The browse mode allows you to e Move the map to any position you want e Do the graphical route planning e Set the direct to waypoint to a point selected on the map e Activate newly planned route Waypoint een Direct To A N E Figure 29 Browsing the map Radial directs to north On the left side browse specific menu is shown 5 1 Moving the Map At the first use after NESIS start up the map is center
24. ar from SI system of units it is very common in aviation During research we were not able to find an aviation manifold pressure indicator with any other unit Therefore inHG is the only unit option for the manifold pressure in NESIS 7 6 Gyrocopter Rotor and Engine RPM Indicator Gyrocopters require indication of rotor RPM Figure 55 illustrates rotor RPM and engine RPM indicators combined in one instrument At the bottom a window with numerical RPM values is also shown However this 1s not a limitation The window can show manifold pressure instead ROTOR RPM ENGINE x 100 5 E x 1000 43 DL T4 y f ENGINE RFM Figure 55 The combination of rotor RPM and engine RPM Both scales are fully configurable e The optional green range defines the recommended range of RPM e The optional yellow range defines the range of RPM which should not be used for longer period and should be generally avoided e The red arc limits the RPMs 48 NESIS II User s Manual 7 7 Helicopter Rotor and Engine RPM Indicator Piston engine powered helicopters have engines directly connected to the rotor using some transmission of course So rotor RPM is directly related to engine RPM The instrument on figure 56 gives rotor and engine RPM expressed in percentages The scales are set 1n such way that needles under normal operation have the same indication Any misalignment of needles can be easily spotted giving a clear indication that somethin
25. ayed below the altitude and vario scale The electric instruments section voltage and current Wind curse and speed The pressure section oil and fuel pressures The inclinometer slip skid indicator The temperature section EGTs CHTs carburetor oil and coolant Information about active route The information displays the name of the currently active route bearing distance covered and flight time The RPM indicator with the RPM scale The TAS label is located below the airspeed scale 18 NESIS II User s Manual 18 The airspeed information 19 The airspeed scale with the colored sections and limiting values 20 The attitude indicator AHRS together with the roll and pitch scale 3 4 1 Menu The menu has the same commands as the menu of the c assic flight information screen There is an additional View command used to change the view see figure 17 e The View command opens a dialogue shown on figure 14 where the background image can be selected Figure 17 The menu options 3 5 Settings Screen Individual icons on the screen lead to various configuration dialogues Due to the complexity the Settings screen has its own chapter 6 Figure 18 illustrates the screen Figure 18 User settings left and Service settings right 19 NESIS II User s Manual 4 Flight Time Activities This chapter describes procedures that are mainly used during flight The major flight time activities are e Setting
26. ble The only exception is the start up when NESIS needs some time to prepare the initial maps Zoom levels are changed by turning the OK knob 3 3 Engine Monitoring Screen The engine monitoring screen displays classic indicators of various engine and fuel related parameters Some instruments and parameters are configurable and they may be adjusted to individual needs Figure 12 illustrates an example of the screen It is highly configurable and your screen configuration for other aircraft may look a bit different 1 The fuel indicator combines the fuel related parameters like fuel flow fuel level and manifold pressure 2 Engine RPM combined with engine time 1s a reproduction of a classical instrument 3 The indicator displays system voltage and current Typically alternator current is shown However this depends on the current transducer installation 4 Outside air temperature OAT 1s shown MAGU unit is required for the wind information 15 NESIS II User s Manual 5 Cylinder head temperature CHT indicator Two CHTs are monitored hence needles for hot orange dot and cold blue dot are displayed When more than two cylinders are monitored bars are used instead the needles 6 Oil temperature indicator 7 Flap position indicator 8 Pitch trim indicator 9 Oil and fuel pressures are combined into one indicator xy E N OAT 23 C Figure 12 An example of the engine monitoring screen 3 3 1 Menu
27. cator ccsscssscsscsscssccsccesccscceccesccscceccesccssceccesccssceccescescseccecs 47 7 6 Gyrocopter Rotor and Engine RPM Indicator sccscsscssccsccscccccsceccecceccncceccsccnccnccsccsccscescescescecceccecceccnccnconcs 48 7 7 Helicopter Rotor and Engine RPM lIndiCatOFr iiec ea eaa ee be aao naa ak yE raura NR eaa v agA rad ea eoo aon assa na apr KEE Eo anna cad aea rea assa 49 7 8 Heading Indicator with Moving Map ccsccsccsccsccsccsccsccsccsccscescescescecceccncceccnccncceccsccsccscescesceccescecceccescnccnsones 49 7 9 Nini Engine MONITO 50 FAO Fuel Computer MONIO 690 tanan Ew E VRERER VER CERE CERE S L9 R EIE ERN Ee COE YE RE EEEREXER CENE VOIR ERR Ee eo FEES EE RE LER ERE ER VER CR EN ERR VER aae 50 NESIS II User s Manual 1 Introduction First of all we would like to thank you for purchasing our product NESIS is a complex instrument and we strongly recommend reading the manual before using NESIS The introduction chapter contains some general information about the instrument and principles of the operation Later chapters describe NESIS use and reveal the details You may be also interested in reading e NESIS Purchase Guide e NESIS Installation Manual e DAQU Installation Manual e MAGU Manual e our web page www kanardia eu 1 1 General Information about NESIS NESIS consists of electronic units which work closely together to bring flight engine and fuel information onto graphical display
28. ce altitude length Vario vertical velocity Speed velocity Wind speed velocity Distance length ONH ress Pressure used in engine Fel on Table 1 Available units for the individual physical quantity Figure 36 shows a dialogue for changing units in NESIS When the units are configured use the Save command to save the selection to NESIS Close command will exit the dialogue If units were changed NESIS will restart 6 5 Compass Calibration Due to complexity of electronic compass MAGU installation and calibration all details are explained in Magu Manual 6 6 Time Dialogue is used to set the time zone for local time A time difference between local time and the UTC time must be set Some countries India and Iran for example do not round the time difference to whole hour but to 30 minutes Some areas in Australia even use 15 minutes local time intervals 35 NESIS II User s Manual Vertical units Pressure units Altitude QNH Pa Airspace feet Pressure bar Vario m s Other units Horizontal units Temperat Velocity Mass Wind m s Fuel Distance km Flow Any change results in Nesis reboot Figure 36 Units selection dialogue To edit the NESIS time zone follow next procedure e Turn the OK knob to select control and press it to start editing e Use the OK knob to set the hour minute difference and press it to accept new value Press the Cancel knob to restore previous valu
29. control gives information about the distance traveled during the flight This is not a distance on a route or between two most distant points in the flight but simply a distance like it would be measured in a car e The speed avg max control shows the average and the maximal true airspeed on your flight e The total and specific fuel consumption is given in the fuel tot spec control e Maximal altitude reached during the flight is also recorded It 1s presented in the A t max box NESIS uses quite sophisticated algorithms to record true flights It distinguishes between a flight time and a block on block off time Furthermore if you have a motor glider it correctly detects that engine was turned OFF and that you are in the gliding mode NESIS considers that a flight has started when airspeed is larger than 12 m s 43 2 km h and that a flight has finished when airspeed drops below 12 m s Engine is monitored in parallel An engine start is detected when engine exceeds 500 RPM and engine stop is recorded when RPM drop below that limit Special algorithms are used to prevent false flight or engine recordings due to false engine starts or wind bursts Important In order to provide all this information NESIS needs to monitor engine RPM beyond the engine stop The current flight will be closed about 10 seconds after the engine has been stopped This means that engine must be stopped before NESIS is turned OFF in order to close the log properly
30. cted flight to the connected USB drive e The Delete command deletes selected flight or the whole logbook The deletion must be confirmed To cancel the decision press the Cancel knob Each log entry reveals several details of a selected flight These entries in the log have the following columns 22 NESIS II User s Manual e Date when the flight was taken e Take off time e Landing time When you fly traffic patterns NESIS will try to merge the patterns into one record In this case the take off time will be the time of the first take off and the landing time will be the time of the last landing e Time is the total flight time e Pilot of the airplane 16 05 13 16 05 13 16 05 13 16 05 13 16 05 13 Engine on off 11 31 11 31 Cycles Time 1 00 00 Distance Speed avg max 0 113 km h Fuel tot spec 01 18 0 I h Alt max 4915 feet Figure 34 The logbook displays list of most recent flights Turn the OK knob to change the selected flight Changing the flight reveals further details about the flight e The engine ON OFF control tells when the engine was started and stopped for the selected flight In case of motor gliders it displays first engine start and the last engine stop e The cycles time control holds number of engine cycles during the flight Typically just one cycle is shown however motor gliders powered gliders may have more The time is the total engine time during the flight e The distance
31. de coordinates The bottom bar displays active waypoint bearing distance tracking and time needed to reach the waypoint WGS84 system is used for the coordinates The same system is used by GPS 14 NESIS II User s Manual 6 The mini engine monitor 7 The top bar displays current wind speed and direction ground speed name of the next waypoint number of visible GPS satellites local time 1t can also show UTC and flight time 3 2 1 Menu Pressing the OK knob gives similar commands that were already described in the classic flight information screen section New commands are Legend and Browse e The Legend command opens a legend dialogue shown on figure 10 e The Browse command allows moving the map creating routes and selecting Direct to points from the map A detailed description of the browse mode 1s given in chapter 5 Runways General Airspace Grass Unknown Y River L Prohibited A B J Hard P d Railroad Restricted Road Danger Waypoints d ad ng Lake E crr Build up area TMA CTA i Waypoint Figure 11 The menu options Non Compulsory A Compulsory City Airway o vFR Route 1 1 Military CTR Navaid point toes ry Military TMA gt User point ta Li Military AWY Figure 10 Legend 3 2 2 Moving Map Zoom Level NESIS keeps updating several different moving map zoom levels These levels are seamlessly computed in the background and are immediately availa
32. e e Select the Close command to close the dialogue Changes are saved and NESIS restarts Nesis time UTC time 13 03 11 16 May 2013 Local time 15 03 11 16 May 2013 Set local time difference Local time UTC UTC from GPS O GPS satellites are visible GPS time Not available Engine must be stopped and airplane must not move Any change results in Nesis reboot Figure 37 Time zone Setting 6 7 Software Update The NESIS software is under constant development and if you want to keep your NESIS up to date you should update your NESIS regularly This section describes actions required to update the software 6 7 1 Downloading Updates The software updates can be found in the update page of our web site http www kanardia eu downloads nesis The update for NESIS is performed in several steps e downloading update e copying update file into an USB stick e transferring file from USB stick into NESIS e updating firmware 36 NESIS II User s Manual Click on the update file and save it to a hard drive of your PC computer The name of the file should be Nesis 2 x x kus If you have two or more NESIS units on board your aircraft you need to update each one separately 6 7 2 Performing Upgrade The update file is simply a kus file This file must be copied into the USB stick more precisely into the base root folder of the stick Once file was copied please make sure that the USB stick 1s safely remo
33. e OK knob until desired letter is displayed e Press the OK knob to enter the displayed letter into the name filter field The list of waypoints changes accordingly e Press the Cancel knob to remove the last letter in the edit box e Press the OK knob to stop editing Repeat the first two steps in order to enter more than one letter 4 3 3 Radius Filter When the radius filter is active you have the following options e Use the OK knob to change the waypoint search radius As soon as radius is changed the number of items found changes e Select the Accept command to accept the new radius and switch back into the waypoint selection mode e Press the Cancel knob to keep previous radius and switch back into the waypoint selection mode Large radius makes NESIS a bit less responsive since it needs to scan among large number of waypoints Please note that the list 1s able to display only 99 closest waypoints If your waypoint is not listed you should apply stricter filter say the name filter 4 3 4 Type Filter The type filter toggles the lists used in waypoint selection Here you can e Use the OK knob to select which waypoint list type to include or exclude e Press the OK knob to toggle current selection e Select the Accept command to switch back into the waypoint selection mode 4 3 5 New User Waypoint The New command opens a dialogue where a user waypoint is created A new waypoint requires coordinates latitude and longi
34. e icon allows you to switch back to the User settings 6 1 Route Planner The Route Planner is used to manipulate routes The routes may be created edited deleted or reversed Typically routes are created on ground as a part of the flight planning process You can also use the browse mode of the navigation screen to create the routes See section 5 4 Cruising speed Routes 160 km h 342 26 km 89 44 km 224 25 km 246 20 km Figure 32 An example of the route planning screen Figure 32 shows the Route Planner dialogue It has three logical parts l The Cruising speed indicates your cruising speed You can change it in the User preferences dialogue The Routes hst displays all existing routes Routes can be created edited deleted or reversed The Waypoints list displays all waypoints in the selected route When the waypoint list is active waypoints can be inserted deleted and reversed 3l NESIS II User s Manual 6 1 1 Route List Commands The following commands are available with the route list control e The New command creates an empty route A dialogue shown on figure 33 appears and asks for the route name Keep the input empty and NESIS will generate a route name for you The name will be a combination of the first and last waypoint on the route Edit route name keep empty for an auto name cuc Js Figure 33 Entering a name for the new route e The Edit command activates the waypoin
35. e lists of airfields navigation aids VFR reporting points and user points As in the nearest airfield case all points are sorted according to the distance from the airplane position at the time when the list was created Since there are many points available for selection filters need to be applied in order to hide some of the points There are three types of filters and all of them are acting simultaneously e Range filter is used to limit the search to some reasonable distance If you do not see your point on the list consider to increase the radius limit NESIS remembers last radius used and will reuse the same radius on the next run e Type filter is used to include or exclude individual lists airfields navigation aids VFR reporting points and user specific points e Name filter is used to filter points according to their name Only names which match given pattern are listed In the case of airfields NESIS searches for the name or ICAO label To open a dialogue from modern flight information screen classic flight information screen or navigation screen press the OK knob and select the Waypoint command or press Wpt multi function button Active types Radius 250 km Name Filter Lo Y 113 items found Key Name Bear Dist LAPNA 242 16 km LEIBNITZ 339 19 km LJMS MURSKA SOBOT GLD 85 36 km LJSG SLOVENJ GRADEC 252 47 km LOWG GRAZ 336 48 km LASSNITZH HE 351 52 km Figure 21 The waypoint selection dialog
36. ed at the airplane position Later on the position of the previous browsing is preserved During browsing the map orientation 1s always North up A small circle called cursor 1s used to move the map around and to refer to some specific points on the map The cursor is always located on a radial line which starts at the map center A point on the map is selected in two steps In the first step radial line 1s adjusted so that it covers the point In the second step the cursor is moved along the radial line over the point Radial and cursor are working in a polar coordinate system Using the radial and the cursor the map is moved by repeating three simple steps These steps may be repeated as long as it is necessary 1 Use the OK knob to adjust the radial angle The radial line rotates in large steps Press the OK knob when the line is close to the point where you want to move It switches to the fine radial selection step 2 Now use the OK knob to do the fine radial selection and press it to switch to the cursor move step 3 Use the OK knob to slide the cursor on the radial line Slide the cursor to the point where you want to center the map and press it This centers the map and switches back to the large step radial selection If you want to exit browse mode you have to press the Cancel knob P At the moment raster maps are not supported in browse mode 21 NESIS II User s Manual 5 2 Zooming the Map In order to change the zoom l
37. eration sensors are measuring apparent gravity vector The true gravity vector is calculated assuming coordinated flight and readings from the other sensors velocity and angular rate sensors The ball slip indicator 1s directly obtained from the acceleration sensors e The absolute pressure sensor is used to calculate altitude and vertical velocity vario e The differential pressure sensor provides indicated airspeed IAS When it is coupled with the outside air temperature sensor it also calculates true air speed TAS e The magnetic field sensors are used to measure the magnetic field vector This vector is needed to determine the airplane magnetic and true heading The later also needs magnetic declination which is automatically calculated from the world magnetic model when airplane position is known Note that the magnetic field sensor is optional and NESIS works well without it MEMS micro electromechanical systems a k a micro machines a k a micro systems technology The world magnetic model is maintained and updated by National Geophysics Data Center http www ngdc noaa gov geomag 6 NESIS II User s Manual Assuming coordinated flight we calculate the referencing attitude from the gravity vector and heading These values are then compared with the short term prediction of the attitude Non linear Kalman filters are used to combine the short term prediction and referencing attitude solution into one most probable solution
38. esseeeeeseaecessaeeeeseaseeeseaeeessaaeeessacesseuseessaseeseaeeessaaseesees 25 4 5 Adji sting FUEL Venid 25 4 5 Setting PHch Correcto ba sero Yes CERE EREXRERE RS UE ERE QURE FEo SE ER E EERRREREEERFEFR ERE EQI S VERS NRO E aa GE URREA VES EE RT Rea Ee 26 A T PHCIE LO 26 4 8 Flap DOSItIOn eov preter vete elo ege cL eesevias sures ove vene OPEEDN CU cede oret euceuiboven sauna cuvenahacacoses SEsa aaO ey rV EFEEEN EV VEVERR A PESR de 26 5 BROWSING THE MAP id 27 5 IL MOVIE tne Maia E AA PESO Eu IS E PEEL RERKOREA IT ERE TEC OU STE 27 5 2 Zooming the Marido o 28 IVA DOI a 28 SA ROUTE serennu rae a ear A A aa EEE N aA AAA EEO EENEN 28 S DICC Oresa anana n N a N E M M 28 96 HOME T UL aa EIU 29 6 SETTINGS riaa a ds 30 6 1 Route Planne ssrin E E E em 31 6 1d ROUte ISt COMMANA Siin a as 32 6 1 24V3vpointEgditig COMMI Si e 32 OZ LORD A X 32 6 3 USEF Preferentes ATP TITO TTE UNUM 34 EMG CI e NR EN RTT anaes 34 o eM PP Vc cl c c NE 34 OI me Coding T 35 FOND c 35 6 5 Compass CallbFatlo nist cordi e etos ei eh oder ebd e toau P edv Do OUI id 35 6 6 TIME UR 35 6 7 Software Update PP EE Taaa 36 GL l1Downloadihe Updates e a a 36 6 7 2 Pettormibg Uadec 37 6S File Transter SCE VICE ara a A A a 37 SIAI Soana cid 38 6 10 ADS B Elarm Setting Saan a a a incas 39
39. evel of the map select the Zoom command and turn the OK knob Once correct zoom level 1s reached select the Cursor command to switch back to the cursor radial mode 5 3 Waypoint The map can be moved to some known waypoint directly using the Waypoint command It opens a waypoint dialogue Select a waypoint from the list and press the OK knob The map will be centered at the selected waypoint automatically 5 4 Route The Route command is mostly used to create a new route from a series of cursor positions or waypoint selections This command opens a list of option which are briefly described below e Route New starts a new route and clears any existing route points which were entered so far e Route Add adds the cursor position as a new route waypoint If there is a known navigation point close to the cursor position this point is used Otherwise a temporary waypoint with cursor coordinates is used e Route Save saves the route into NESIS flash drive It does not activate the route however e Route Activate activates the route It exits the browse mode and switches back to the flight mode with the newly created route being active Note however that the route was not saved automatically Once the NESIS is turned OFF restarted or a new route is activated the route is lost Therefore you should consider saving the route before activating it e Route Edit activates classic route manipulation window This window is described in secti
40. functions for new NESISUserManual pdf NESIS added new update ADS B June 2013 Added raster maps NesisManual pdf Document can be downloaded from Kanardia web site http www kanardia eu downloads nesis T INTRODUCTION iaa 5 1 1 General Information about NESIS sccssccssccssccssccssccssccscccsscnsccnsccnsccnsccssccsscsccnsscnsccnsccnsconsccsscesscsscessossoess 5 1 2 Principles of the Operation e etatis eco vede ovre Ot ed eae he DEA ve cus ui Ses Se selon A A EAA 6 T2 1 Attitude Heading and VelogltiIes udo po oni eto e doren 6 12 2 EnglBe Ses DES eost EEE ATENE E Ria ect E nna peat eios ele cd testes arcu ate Mr bien 7 I2 AS Ier CAIDO RO OT ti 7 1 3 Maps Flight and Navigation InformiatiOr iioii eoo ee anao eee ea v Ee EON ERR Eo ee vasa ep E FR Rey Roe nica eux RER e aerea EPPSo Een PESe 7 LS dI uomen 7 13 2 LICCNSEO Raster MaD sides ai E 8 2 NESIS DBA OS ii 9 2 1 Commana Panes A a 9 2 lit M Ulti THBECIORODUEEOTIS radiata 10 2 2 TUPI ONS OFF T 10 22 A Startup Procedu E AA 10 JFIVE MAJOR SCREENS At A io 12 3 1 Classic Flight Information Screen sccsscssccsccesccsccecccsccscceccesccscceccesccncceccesccscceccesccscceccescossceccsconsceccescoscceccess 12 A Cere C CET 13 3 1 2 MOVING Map Zoor LOVE reso atr em oer ib e ba o M bui obs luted as tbe bees fb etai Mta te dues enis h ded 14 3 2 Navig ation SCFeene ioi di vobi coetu Oca Pasce iii 14 A o
41. g is wrong with the transmission Like in the gyrocopter case the bottom window can be configured to show the manifold pressure ROTOR Yo ENGINE 110 110 100 100 90 390 hi d A ENGINE RPM Figure 56 The combination of rotor RPM and engine RPM Both scales are in percentages Both scales are fully configurable The optional green range defines the recommended range of RPM The optional yellow range defines the range of RPM which should not be used for longer period and should be generally avoided The red lines limit the RPMs 7 8 Heading Indicator with Moving Map NESIS introduces a combination of heading indicator and moving map Traditionally heading indicator informs a pilot about the airplane heading However in NESIS a pilot can choose between true heading tracking and magnetic heading This selection was described in section 6 3 The true heading option displays as the name suggests the airplane true heading The scale and the map are rotated in the direction of the airplane nose The tracking option is based on the movement of the airplane In this case the scale and map are orientated in the direction of the airplane ground track The tracking information 1s based on the GPS tracking The magnetic heading option displays the map in the magnetic direction detected by magnetic compass Figure 57 shows that the indicator 1s equipped with a lot of useful information 25 26 The top ba
42. he known airfield altitude This gives a pretty good QNH approximation 10 Normally you can t get exact zero because baro correcting pressure change is made in discrete steps One hPa at the sea level corresponds to approximately 8 meters of altitude 20 NESIS II User s Manual 4 2 List of Nearest Airports The list of nearest airports 1s available from the c assic flight information screen navigation screen and modern flight information screen It 1s considered to be a kind of a distress feature In order to access the list press the OK knob to display the menu and select the Airfield command A dialogue shown on figure 20 appears List is also available by pressing Near multi function button Nearest airfields Key Name Bear Dist LJMS MURSKA SOBOT GLD A 85 36 km LJSG SLOVENJ GRADEC Y 252 47km LOWG GRAZ w 336 48km LJCL CELJE GLD Y 223 54km LIVE VELENJE LAJSEGLD Y 246 55km LOGF FUERSTENFELD 30 59 km LDVA VARAZDIN CROATIA 123 62km 1 min ea erer re A mA ha CO C d Direction 15 33 Frequency 119 20 Length 2510 m 8230 ft Elevation 268 m 879 ft Figure 20 Selecting from the list of nearest Airfields Airfields are sorted according to the distance from the airplane position at the time when the button was pressed Distance and bearing are shown for each airfield Colored arrows indicate the relative direction to the airfield according to the direction of the aircraft at the time when
43. her data od NESIS II User s Manual File Transfer Service Source USB OK Destination int SD OK Checklist kus Translate kus Files to Copy Airplane kus Verifing integrity E Copying files E Figure 40 File transfer service dialogue When USB key with updates is inserted new files are listed in the Files to copy section Simply select the file you want to copy and Copy command to proceed First files are verified and then copied When Close is selected and file s were copied NESIS will restart Note that when verification of any file fails no file will be copied into NESIS The Edit Maps opens a new window with raster maps info illustrated on figure 41 Each map entry reveals several details in the following columns e Name of the raster map e Authorization of the map e License of the map if Lic is colored green map has a valid license if not Lic 1s colored red e The date when raster map was created e The size of the map e The name of the file containing raster map The Delete command allows deleting selected raster map Close the window and return to the File Transfer Service with Cancel knob Raster maps found Belgium 2012 1 29 03 13 32 8 MB D BE12 ra Suisse 2013 1 07 03 13 38 0 MB D CH13 ra Czech Republic 2012 29 03 13 51 5 MB D CZ12 ra Germany 2013 1 29 03 13 158 MB D DE13 ra Denmark 2012 1 29 03 13 26 8 MB D DK12 ra France NE 2012 1 29 03 13 45 6 MB D FR
44. ided for reference only The pilot takes all responsibility Set QNH 1013 hPa and risk associated with the use of this device QFE altitude 999 feet Press OK to agree and continue Serial 1907 Version 2 2 SVN 7451 Lambada Figure 5 Initial agreement left pilot selection ONH and fuel level settings right Pressing the OK knob accepts the agreement and advances to the next page This page asks for the pilot name QNH and fuel level as shown on figure 5 right Use the following commands to enter the required information 10 NESIS II User s Manual Turn the OK knob to select the pilot and press it for confirmation This takes you to fuel level selection Turn the OK knob to set current fuel level and press it again Act conservative and set slightly less fuel than you really have Use the OK knob to set QNH level If correct QNH value is not known it may be approximated by setting QFE altitude to the airfield elevation Sometimes you want to go back and correct some selection l Press the Cancel knob in order to switch from the control edit mode into the control selection mode Use the OK knob to select a pilot fuel level or QNH control Pressing the OK knob puts the selected control into the edit mode Use the OK knob to pick a pilot adjust QNH or fuel level and press it when done Once the dialogue is closed NESIS is ready to use You can t edit the list of pilots here If you want to add a new
45. ind is blowing Current offset two are available Carbon monoxide offset Geoniss zero reference offset olx XN E Fuel flow factor offset normally the factor should be around one However if you consistently find the fuel flow too small or too large you can adjust the indication using this factor For example setting the factor to 0 90 will show 10 less while 1 20 will indicate 20 more than before 9 Mount matrix do not use this option unless we advise you to do so Figure 49 Sensor offset correction dialogue 43 NESIS II User s Manual 6 18 Special Function Special Functions allows you to enter various passwords which affect NESIS behavior To prevent unwanted changes do not use this function 6 19 Autopilot Tuning This function is not yet in use 6 20 User Mode Is a gateway to the User settings 44 NESIS II User s Manual 7 Instruments 7 1 Airspeed Indicator The airspeed indicator is used to display indicated and true airspeed Indicated airspeed IAS is obtained from differential pressure sensor The measured differential pressure the difference between the total pressure and the static pressure is converted into velocity assuming ISA conditions When outside temperature is known NESIS calculates true airspeed TAS as well Although only two values are shown on the indicator the scale has several markings as you can see on figure 50 Figure 50 Airspeed indicator optimi
46. irfield dialogue where a list of nearest airfields 1s given See section 4 2 Please set the finesse conservatively smaller numbers are conservative use one or two values less than given by aircraft producer Also set at least 200 meters for the altitude reserve 6 14 Level Adjust AHRS During the assembly of the AHRS unit into the primary NESIS display and during the installation of the NESIS display into the instrument panel a small misalignment may appear This means that internal axes of the AHRS unit are not parallel to the airplane axes the AHRS unit is slightly rotated Such misalignment can be perfectly adjusted without loss of precision using the procedure described next Before the automatic alignment 1s made the yaw misalignment shall be determined Please note that you can t adjust the attitude when the airplane is flying or engine is running 6 14 1 Yaw Misalignment If the instrument panel is perfectly flat and perpendicular to the airplane x axis longitudinal axis then there is no yaw misalignment and the correction angle is zero This perfect situation is illustrated on figure 46 left Some instrument panels or NESIS installations are skewed regarding the airplane x axis longitudinal axis In this case you need to measure the misalignment angle w and enter it into NESIS NESIS accepts corrections up to 10 Figure 46 defines positive and negative y angle Once y is measured enter it into the Yaw control
47. is required to open the screen and is shipped together with NESIS 6 13 System Preferences The system preferences are separated into two sections The first one covers the look of the NESIS screen while the second deals with the aircraft gliding performance Instruments Classic AHRS Map Demo Glide Altitude Reserve 200 m Finesse 0 Changes may require Nesis reboot Figure 45 An example of the system preferences dialogue 6 13 1 Nesis The NESIS subsection mostly deals with the look of the NESIS screen which instrument layout shall be shown type of the modern screen and availability of the demonstration mode Normally the instruments selection should never be changed since NESIS comes with the selection tuned for your aircraft Do not change this unless we advise you to do so Demo option is normally not selected However when set to Yes it allows NESIS to go into the demo mode This also enables a demo icon on the User settings screen Note that demo mode requires specially prepared demo files on an USB key Without such files demo mode is not operational 6 13 2 Glide The glide settings are only meaningful for airplanes Helicopters and gyrocopters do not benefit much from them The glide parameters are the airplane glide ratio a k a finesse and the altitude reserve These Set finesse not more than 1 for gyrocopter or helicopter case 40 NESIS II User s Manual settings are used in the A
48. n This pressure must be set by a pilot and can be changed during flight The QNH value is typically obtained from air traffic control A ee LS LE Y i A ALTITUDI i N m Figure 52 The altitude indicator with the scale given in meters The indicator shown on figure 52 is used to display calculated altitude and reference QNH pressure baro correction The altitude is shown by two needles where the short needle points to 1000 feet or meters and the long needle points to 100 feet meters The pressure based altimeter 1s more precise then the GPS obtained altitude The absolute pressure sensor used in NESIS has absolute error of less than one hectopascal which is about 8 m at the sea level This precision is maintained over wide temperature range 7 4 Vertical Speed Indicator and Accelerometer A vertical speed indicator VSI also known as a variometer a rate of climb indicator or a vertical velocity indicator VVI is an instrument in an aircraft used to inform a pilot of the instantaneous rate of descent or climb In powered flight the pilot makes frequent use of the VSI to maintain level flight especially during turning maneuvers Figure 53 shows VSI used in NESIS The indicator shows acceleration as well The acceleration 1s shown in a numeric form in term of Gs It can be shown in feet per minute meters per second or meters per minute depending on choice of units VARIO m s A ACCELERATION o ELN 6
49. ne time left assuming average fuel consumption Current Range Fuel 17 0 l h 526 km Average Endur 14 4 l h 4 52 Figure 59 Fuel computer displays fuel economy fuel level endurance and range Note that all values strongly depend on current throttle setting A change on throttle setting results in a change of current and average fuel consumption endurance and range Important When no fuel level probes are connected to DAQU unit DAQU and NESIS provide a software version of the tank where NESIS calculates the available fuel based on the information entered before the flight or updated during the flight The fuel level is reduced by subtracting the fuel flow integrated in time Both the initial information and the fuel flow integration may be source of significant error which can quickly lead to wrong fuel level indication An indication higher than actual represents a dangerous situation where the fuel computer displays more fuel than it actually is This gives wrong and unsafe information to the pilot Indication lower than actual is not so dangerous Therefore a pilot must frequently compare the fuel level indicated by the fuel computer with the independent external fuel gauges and indicators and update the NESIS fuel level The fuel level update procedure is described in section 4 5 5
50. ning the OK knob 3 2 Navigation Screen The navigation screen 1s a large moving map combined with some additional information Large HSI scale and vertical airspace situation are painted over the map The top and bottom bars are used to display other significant information as it is depicted on figure 9 6 FT 0 00 18 Feet FL AS Aaa 14 59S 28 800 800 814 5 y Roy H a it y Van i TEMP PRESS ow OF Bear 258 Dist 29 6 km N46 18 0 R ETA 14 59 R Dist 144 km Track 295 T 0 09 52 E15 36 0 R T 0 48 gt o Figure 9 Illustration of the navigation screen A large horizontal situation circle over the map gives situational awareness The HSI circle and map rotate according to current tracking true heading or magnetic heading Tracking heading option is set in settings The current baro corrected altitude is displayed giving an idea what is the airplane vertical position regarding airspace zones Information about active route The bottom bar includes estimated time of arrival to the last route waypoint time from the last route waypoint distance left and cross track error perpendicular distance to the active leg The route is also illustrated on the map Black line represents the route and thicker cyan line is used for the remaining distance on the active leg Rectangles next to waypoints show estimated time of arrival to that waypoint Current position of the airplane the latitude and longitu
51. not available English is used instead The Cruising speed control is used to enter typical ground speed during cross country flights This speed is used to calculate time estimates NESIS remembers last used cruising speed 6 3 2 Screen Screen section defines the way map is presented All screens with map on it are affected classic information screen navigation screen and modern flight information screen Three options are available here e Heading up shows map oriented according to the true heading This option is meaningful only if magnetic compass MAGU is present on the CAN bus e Tracking up shows map aligned to the GPS tracking angle P One NESIS display with DAQU and MAGU is assumed Two NESIS displays with DAQU and MAGU are consuming about 1 5 A at 12 V 34 NESIS II User s Manual e Magnetic up shows map aligned to the magnetic heading Note that compass unit MAGU is required for this operation Start screen allows you to choose the NESIS start up screen 6 3 3 System The System section allows setting LCD brightness and audio volume level As you change the values screen brightness and audio volume react accordingly 6 4 Units NESIS uses several units for different physical quantities like distance velocity mass volume etc They affect the instruments and texts Table 1 shows available units The quantities are grouped according to their function and not to their physical meaning Altitude length Airspa
52. on Figure 30 left illustrates the screen The settings icons are arranged into two groups The first group consists of 1cons which are accessible to the user left while the second group consists of icons which are accessible to the service personnel only right Figure 30 User settings left and Service settings right The following options are available in the User settings Each option is described later in individually e The Route Planning icon is used to create delete and edit the routes e The Logbook icon is used to view copy and delete the flight logs e The User Preferences icon is used to change some parameters which define NESIS behavior e The Units icon is used to change the instrument units e The Compass Calibration icon is used to calibrate compass or to adjust the compass heading correction e The Date amp time icon is used to set the NESIS time zone e The Software Updates icon allows updating the NESIS software and firmware of units connected to the CAN bus e The File Transfer Service icon is used to copy map updates check lists translations and other data e The Alarms icon is used to set individual alarms e The ADS B Flarm Settings icon is used to set the ADS B and Flarm limits e The User Waypoints icon allows adding editing deleting and transferring user specific waypoints e The Service Mode icon is a gateway to the Service settings Some user options are not shown on secondary NE
53. on 6 1 e Route Del Wpt removes the last waypoint form the route When route is empty it does nothing In order to create a route using a series of cursor positions follow the next procedure 1 Move the cursor to some point where you want to start a route 2 Select the Route New command This sets the cursor position as the first route point At the same time map is centered at the route starting point and the top bar on the map becomes visible 3 Move the cursor to next route waypoint either by using radial cursor approach or by selecting a waypoint from the dialogue 4 Press the Route Add command to add the cursor to the route Repeat the last two steps until the route 1s complete Finish the route by saving it to the NESIS flash drive Press the Route Save command 6 If you want to activate the route choose the Route Activate command This exits the browse mode switches to the flight mode and activates the route immediately 5 5 Direct To The Direct To command sets cursor location as a new active waypoint The command exits the browse mode and shows the normal flight mode map Newly created waypoint becomes active in the Direct to mode 28 NESIS II User s Manual 5 6 Home The Home command is used to move the map back to the current aircraft position 29 NESIS II User s Manual 6 Settings The Settings screen allows choosing from several different icons It 1s accessed by selecting Setup multi function butt
54. or The monitor bars are grouped into temperatures pressures electrics and RPMs The temperature group includes CHT EGT oil and water coolant temperature The pressure group contains oil and fuel pressures Electrical section contains voltage and current When monitor is shown on the navigation screen engine RPM and rotor RPM bars are shown as well 7 10 Fuel Computer Monitor The fuel computer monitor provides the fuel related information like fuel quantity economy range and endurance Figure 59 shows an example of such information The fuel computer monitor provides the following information e The current fuel consumption displays momentary fuel burning rate It is given in l h liter per hour or gal h gallons per hour units 50 NESIS II User s Manual e The average fuel consumption displays the fuel used in the last few minutes This is a moving average value and is also used to predict the endurance and range The result is given in l h or in gal h units e The range is a derived value which is based on the available fuel quantity average fuel consumption current ground speed and the fuel needed for 45 minutes reserve The available fuel level 1s reduced by the 45 minutes fuel reserve amount This means that theoretical range is longer than the range displayed on the monitor e The endurance is also a derived value based on the available fuel quantity and average fuel consumption It represents the engi
55. or also known as the ball or inclinometer indicates the coordination of aileron and rudder The yellow wing reference line 1s fixed and represents the horizontal reference line of the aircraft At the center the line 1s broken at 45 degree angle giving two short lines These lines help indicating 45 degree roll The white horizontal line separates the artificial sky from ground this is the artificial horizon line Remember NESIS can be used in VFR conditions only Hence attitude indicator should be treated as an insignificant help to the pilot and nothing more 22 23 Roll is also known as bank The term bank is often found in literature but we prefer the term roll VFR visual flight rules These rules are a set of aviation regulations under which a pilot may operate an aircraft in weather conditions sufficient to allow the pilot by visual reference to the environment outside the cockpit to control the airplane attitude navigate and maintain safe separation from obstacles such as terrain buildings and other aircraft 46 NESIS II User s Manual 7 3 Altitude Indicator An altitude indicator also known as altimeter is used to measure the atmospheric pressure from a static port outside the aircraft This measurement is then converted into an altitude above sea level in accordance with a mathematical model defined by the ISA The altitude is always calculated according to some reference pressure QNH value baro correctio
56. precision 1s limited to the quality of the information that we relay on This maps behave like a vector maps and can be rotated to the track up or heading up position NESIS II User s Manual 1 3 2 Licensed Raster Maps DFS Deutsche Flugsigrung raster ICAO and Visual 500 maps are provided at the moment These maps require a license which must be purchased 11 46 LT FT 0 02 18 Feet FL Lo N46 18 0 E15 36 0 Figure 3 Free vector map left licensed raster map right It is important to notice that we cannot guarantee that the information included with NESIS or otherwise provided by Kanardia is current and correct It is the pilot responsibility to prepare himself for the flight and to collect all required information from reliable sources It is strongly suggested that the pilot keeps valid printed navigation maps and other legally required material at disposal anytime during the flight NESIS II User s Manual 2 NESIS Basics Basic chapter describes the organization of the NESIS instrument It teaches you about the individual buttons and their meaning After reading you will be familiar with basic NESIS operations Forthcoming sections reveal the details 2 1 Command Panel The NESIS command panel is organized according to figure 4 It uses eight push buttons and two rotating and pushing knobs to manipulate the user interface It has an USB port for software map and data updates Additionally it has an SD card
57. r displays the name of the route and numeric information about the bearing and distance to the selected waypoint 2 Prediction time radius Heading indicator is also known as directional gyro The MAGU unit has a built in world magnetic model which provides magnetic worldwide declination and inclination information Hence the magnetic heading is automatically corrected into true heading Note however that the precision of the model is limited to general magnetic field behavior The model does not include large local anomalies and unpredictable events like magnetic storms 49 NESIS II User s Manual Figure 57 Small heading indicator combined with a moving map 3 Current position is marked with the airplane symbol This symbol is always shown on the same place and the map is moving beneath 4 The bottom bar displays tracking and current ground speed Rectangle shows estimated time of arrival to the next known waypoint 6 The wind arrow is used to inform pilot about the wind direction When the wind speed is less than 2 0 m s the arrow 1s omitted 7 9 Mini Engine Monitor The mini engine monitor window shows the most relevant engine information in one place in the form of color bars see figure 58 Each bar corresponds to one engine parameter Green yellow and red colors represent normal caution and dangerous range respectively TEMP PRESS ELE RPM cH EG OW OF WC E Figure 58 Illustration of the mini engine monit
58. reference QNH pressure e Selecting an airport from the nearest airports list e Selecting a waypoint e Selecting an existing route or a route leg e Adjusting fuel level e Setting pitch correction e Setting trim flap position 4 1 Setting ONH The QNH setting is accessible from the classic flight information engine monitoring screen and modern flight information screen Press the OK knob to display the menu and press the ONH command QNH setting can be also accessed via ONH multi function button A dialogue pops up illustrated on figure 19 Set QNH OFE altitude 1007 feet Figure 19 Setting the ONH e Turn the OK knob to set correct QNH reference pressure and press it to accept the selection This also closes the dialogue Optionally you can simply wait and NESIS will accept given value after a few seconds e Press the Cancel knob to reject changes Dialogue closes 4 1 1 QFE Operation When you operate your airplane locally say around domestic airfield you may set the QFE altitude rather than QNH In order to set your altimeter to the zero altitude the QFE altitude turn the OK knob until the bottom number is close to zero but be careful You can do this only while you are sitting on the ground Otherwise the QFE setting will be wrong 4 1 2 Initial QNH Setting When QNH is not known and you are sitting on an airfield with a known altitude you can approximate QNH value by setting the QFE altitude to t
59. rresponds to one DAQU channel Channels are labeled as a combination of one capital letter and one number Letters define the channel type while the numbers enumerate channels of each type 42 NESIS II User s Manual Four channel types are used in DAQU unit e A analog channels with 2 5 to 2 5 V input which are typically used to connect resistive sensors and thermocouples e B analog channels with 0 to 5 V input used to read active sensors e C analog channel with 0 to 30 V input used to read higher voltage levels e Z digital channels used to measure time between pulses Please refer to the DAQU Installation Manual to get more details about sensor connections and configurations 6 16 Tank Calibration Please refer to DAQU Installation Manual 6 17 Sensor Offset Correction The Sensor Offset Correction dialogue shown on figure 49 allows various system adjustments listed below 1 Engine time new engine time can be set say after an engine replacement 2 Manifold pressure should show the atmospheric pressure when the engine is OFF 3 Altitude altitude sensor may slightly shift its origin when the instrument has been exposed to very low or very high temperatures Adjust the offset in order to get correct barometric pressure 4 Airspeed just like the altitude sensor airspeed sensors may also suffer from temperature hysteresis Adjust it so that it will show 0 pressure Do not do this on open when w
60. slip 3 The altitude indicator shows current baro corrected altitude It 1s available in feet or meters When scale is given in feet the third needle can be shown as well It also displays current QNH reference pressure a k a baro correction 4 The variometer vertical speed indicator Variometer can be combined with g meter Acceleration located below the center 5 The fuel computer monitor provides the fuel and economy information Level of the fuel in tank current and average fuel consumption approximate range and endurance 12 NESIS II User s Manual 6 The moving map is kind of HSI indicator which provides basic navigation information It is located below the artificial horizon The moving map can be configured to follow aircraft true heading tracking or magnetic heading 7 The mini engine monitor organizes all most important engine parameters into one simple colored bar based map Each bar corresponds to one parameter and the color of the bar to its current status 8 The RPM indicator is combined with the manifold pressure gauge This combination allows optimal setting of power level Gyrocopters and helicopters have rotors and in this case engine RPM is usually combined with rotor RPM TAB 7 190 188 13 160 n RALLY m 15 20 8 x ACCELERATION 1 2 ELA gt a 4B TEMP PRESS ELE res TX i ya adc f w Current Range Fuel K 18 0 h 423km Average Endur 14 4 l h 2 20 4 A A P
61. t list control where waypoints can be inserted or removed e The Delete command permanently removes selected route The deletion must be confirmed e The Reverse command reverses the waypoints in the route When a route is planned in one direction reversing it gives a route in the opposite direction e The Close command closes the route planning Changes are saved automatically 6 1 2 Waypoint Editing Commands When the waypoint editing control is active the following commands can be used e The nsert command inserts a new waypoint before the selection The waypoint is obtained from a dialogue which was already described in section 4 3 e The Delete command removes currently selected waypoint e The Rename command allows you to specify a new name for the route An empty name results in a name which is composed of the first and the last route waypoint e The Reverse command reverses the waypoints in the route When you plan a route into one direction reversing it gives you a route in the opposite direction e The Save command saves changes 6 2 Logbook Logbook serves as a pilot log It records flights and displays them on the list An example of such record 1s given on figure 34 Logbook can also be directly accessed by pushing the Log multi function button The following commands are available in menu e The Copy log command copies complete logbook to the connected USB drive e The Copy flight command copies sele
62. to the temperature change This means that each unit must be calibrated individually Each sensor of every unit is measured at different temperatures and compared with reference values Results are optimized mathematically in order to minimize the sensor errors Resulting calibration coefficients are written into flash memory of the microcontroller This procedure can be done in our lab only since some special tools and machinery are needed The compass calibration however is an exception Although the electronic compass MAGU is carefully calibrated in our lab it needs to be recalibrated in your airplane Practically every airplane has some magnetic material present in the compass surroundings Such material locally disturbs Earth magnetic field and compass must take this disturbances into account Refer to Magu Manual for detail explanation 1 5 Maps Flight and Navigation Information Maps flight and navigation information is obtained from many different sources Many of these sources are freely available on the Internet while some raster maps information is licensed and provided from official sources Wherever it is possible we cross check the information and we try to make it current However this 1s not possible in all aspects and the quality of the information may vary from country to country 1 3 1 Free Maps Free maps are provided by Kanardia as a combination of various free sources They cover most of the populated world but their
63. tude and a name Initially current airplane position 1s shown Degrees minutes and seconds are used to describe a coordinate 1 Turn the OK knob to select the coordinate field you want to change 2 Press the OK knob to go into edit mode and turn it to change it Once correct value is shown in the field press the OK knob again This accepts the entry and advances to the next field 23 NESIS II User s Manual Latitude Longitude Figure 22 An example of the user waypoint dialogue As you modify the coordinates a small map is shown on the right This map is centered at the coordinate position The map can be zoomed by selecting the Zoom and Zoom commands The Back command sets the coordinate fields back to the initial point Once the coordinate 1s known select Save command to save this point into the NESIS flash drive Select Close in order to close the dialogue without saving the new user waypoint User waypoint can be created edited and deleted in settings Please refer to section 6 11 4 4 Route Selection This section describes how to activate and manipulate a route It 1s assumed that the route was already created The route planning 1s described in section 6 1 and in section 5 4 The route functions are accessed via the Route command or Route multi function button Depending on the current situation the button opens two different dialogues If there is no active route NESIS opens the route selection dialog
64. ue 4 3 1 The Waypoint Selection Mode The dialogue always starts in the waypoint selection mode with radius filter and type filter set to previously used values The previous setting of the name filter 1s reset however e Turning the OK knob changes current selection e Pressing the OK knob accepts the selection and sets it as a new waypoint in the direct to mode e The Name command activates the name filter editing e The Radius command activates the radius control e The Type command activates the type selection e The New command opens a dialogue where you can add a new waypoint e The Close command closes the dialogue rejecting any selection By the navigation aid we mean VORs NDBs ILSes TACANs and other similar radio navigation aids which locations are often used in VFR flight for the navigation In Europe VFR reporting points are more and more used in VFR flights to define the flying routes and entry exit points between airspace zones 27 NESIS II User s Manual 4 3 2 Name Filter The name filter allows you to enter a few letters As letters are entered the list displays only those waypoints which name matches letters in the filter Figure 21 illustrates the situation where the letter L 1s about to be entered in the name filter Note that airfields are matched against ICAO labels or airfield names at the same time Once the name filter control is in the text edit mode you have the following options e Turn th
65. ue However if some route is already active NESIS opens the route manipulation dialogue Both options are described next 4 4 1 Activating a Route With no active route the Route command opens a list shown on figure 23 This list displays all existing routes Routes are sorted alphabetically e Turn the OK knob to select a route and press it or select Activate command to activate it e Select the Cancel command to close the route selection list Select Route Distance 3 LJCL LJCL Figure 23 Selection of a Route When a route is activated any previous active waypoint is deactivated According to the airplane position NESIS first tries to activate the starting waypoint of the route Direct to 1s used in this case However when NESIS determines that airplane position fits into one of the route legs the leg mode is activated showing the remaining part of the leg to fly At the moment raster maps are not supported in the user waypoint dialogue 24 NESIS II User s Manual The above assumption may not be suitable for every situation and we need a mechanism to select either a different route leg or a different route waypoint 4 4 2 Route Manipulation When a route is already active the Route command brings up the route manipulation dialogue shown on figure 24 This dialogue allows change of currently active route waypoint It also allows deactivating the route completely Route LJCL LJCL CELJE GLD SLOVENJ GRA
66. ved from PC To upgrade correctly follow these steps 1 Insert USB stick with program upgrade into NESIS USB port 2 Select the Software Update icon from the settings screen and restart NESIS Wait until a dialogue similar to figure 38 opens Use the OK knob to select Upgrade command and press it Note If no dialogue for NESIS restart is shown the version of the program on your NESIS is older than required Please refer to the NESIS I User s Manual for further instruction Boot options Start normally Upgrade System Reset Figure 38 Boot options dialogue 3 Dialogue illustrated on figure 39 opens with kus file on it Select the upgrade file kus file to start upgrading NESIS Select Nesis 2 3 9 kus Figure 39 Select file dialogue from the USB stick 4 Once finished NESIS programed up to date will start If not and the upgrade is not finished or nothing changes for more than 5 minutes turn NESIS OFF Please return to step 2 5 At first start up NESIS will detect the version of firmware on all connected devices If any version is out of date NESIS will automatically program firmware to the newest version Note that NESIS will program a connected device MAGU DAQU Geoniss etc when it will be introduced connected to NESIS for the first time 6 8 File Transfer Service Dialogue in figure 40 1s used to copy new files into NESIS You can copy updates for maps check lists translations and ot
67. zed for an airplane using two step landing flaps The markings on the figure have the following meanings l 21 IAS indicated airspeed is presented by a needle which starts at center and ends at scale markings TAS true airspeed is shown as a number inside the window The white range is the normal range of operating speeds for the aircraft with flaps extended as for landing or take off Depending on the aircraft the white range may have additional upper speed limits which are based on flap extension step See also Vrg and V gg White range in a helicopter or gyrocopter indicates the best speed for the autorotation The green range 1s the normal range of operating speeds for the aircraft without extended flaps The lower limit of the green range 1s also referred to as Vs stall speed or minimum steady flight speed at which the aircraft is still controllable The upper limit is also referred to as Vyno maximum structural cruising speed The yellow range is the range in which the aircraft may be operated in smooth air and then only with caution to avoid abrupt control movement Units used for the indicated and true airspeed 8 The lower and upper scale limits are not important from the pilot s point of view but are presented here because they can also be configured Different types of airplanes operate in different range and the upper and lower scale limits can be modified to adjust for the optimal scale range

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