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1. GAINS TCAL OFF NONE AVER EQUAL TIME TOTAL vMin vMax CAL calibrates the raw data of the observations loaded with MIRA SCAN By default the first frontend backend combination is calibrated other wise the frontend backend combination number ifb or all frontend back end combinations if ALL is specified instead If no option is specified all three calibration stages are performed i e normalization by chan nel gains conversion from backend counts to a temperature scale sub traction of the off signal with concatenation of autocorrelator base bands CAL GAINS normalizes the spectral band by the gainarray CAL TCAL Converts from backend counts to temperature forward beam brightness temperature if beam efficiciency set to forward efficiency otherwise main beam brightness temperature using the TCal scale auto matically determined when a chopper wheel calibration is loaded CAL OFF subtracts the atmospheric emission as measured on the OFF posi tion and concatenates spectral basebands For frequency switched obser vations the subtraction of the reference signal has to be done in CLASS with command FOLD For on the fly data in total power mode CAL OFF has the following op tions CAL OFF NONE does not subtract the reference signal only concatenates spectral basebands CAL OFF AVER uses as reference signal for off subtraction the unweight ed mean of all available reference measurements This is the d
2. 5 MIRA SIC VARIABLES 16 4 10 WRITE MIRA WRITE number FEBE ALL ifb PIXEL ipix SUBSCANS isub Writes calibrated data to a CLASS file respectively raw data to a MBFITS file not yet implemented see help for MIRA FILE The number of the spectrum or continuum drift written can be specified otherwise it is successively increased starting at 1 WRITE number FEBE ALL ifb Specifies the frontend backend combination to be written Default is 1 Writes CLASS spectra for all frontend backend combinations in current index starting with observation identification number if specified WRITE PIXEL ipix For HERA data spectra from pixel ipix are written default pixel 1 WRITE SUBSCANS isub For continuum drifts and OTF maps only data from subscan isub are written 5 MIRA SIC variables Most of the variables in the internal MIRA structure can be copied to and examine e g plotted with GREG as SIC variables MIRA provides the following commands for defining and initialising these variables For an explanation of the sections and their contents I also refer to the document Multi Beam FITS Raw Data Format revision 1 4 Variables derived from WCS world coordinate system FITS keywords have their leading number appended to the end of the keywords names for the sake for compatibility with FORTRAN e g CRVL4_1 instead of 1CRVL4 There are MIRA variables that are useful to customize plotting routines for onlin
3. 4 6 SCAN MIRA SCAN scan Loads a scan from the current index list ALL frontend backend combinations used are loaded A list of identification numbers for the frontend backend combinations is issued For calibrations MIRA SCAN also computes the calibrations parameters and writes them to the screen The calibration parameters for VESPA basebands are individually computed however the screen output is for mean values across all basebands corresponding to one spectrum 4 7 SOLVE MIRA SOLVE ifb PIXEL ipix BINNING nbin SOLVE retrieves the pointing respectively focus corrections from the observing procedure loaded with MIRA SCAN By default the first frontend connected to the continuum backend is used otherwise number ifb The results are written to the output device and to output files miraResultsPointing xml respectively miraResultsFocus xml for further use 4 MIRA LANGUAGE INTERNAL HELP 14 by the telescope s control system SOLVE PIXEL ipix For observations with HERA Allows to specify another pixel than the reference pixel for pointing and focus SOLVE BINNING nbin For pointing measurements allows to smooth the azimuth and elevations drifts for weak pointing sources nbin is the number of dumps averaged simple box window smoothing 4 8 VARIABLE MIRA VARIABLE section read write Generates a SIC copy of one of the following MIRA data sections wildcard permitted activates all sections for read default
4. ARRAY1I HEADER1 CD4R_21 ARRAY1 HEADER1 CUNIAR 2 ARRAY1 HEADER1 CRVL4R_2 ARRAY1 HEADER1 CRPX4R_2 ARRAY1I HEADER1 CTYP4R_2 ARRAY1 HEADER1 WCSNM4R ARRAY1 HEADER1 SOBS4F 2 ARRAY1 HEADER1 SPEC4F 2 ARRAY1 HEADER1 CD4F 21 ARRAY1 HEADER1 CUNI4F_2 op km s km s l OPOCENT e g LSRK km s km s km s e g VARD FRQ e g LsrkVRad TOPOCENT e g LSRK Hz Hz observer velocity in rest frame source velocity in rest frame observing frame standard of rest frame for velocities velocity channel separation Unit velocity at reference channel reference channel velocity axis for col 3 axis name observing frame standard of rest for frequencies channel separation Unit 5 MIRA SIC VARIABLES ARRAY1 HEADER1 CRVL4F_2 ARRAY1I HEADER1 CRPX4F_2 ARRAY1I HEADERI1 CTYP4F 2 ARRAY1 HEADER1 WCSNM4F ARRAY1 HEADER1 CD3A_11 ARRAY1 HEADER1 CRVL4_1 ARRAY1 HEADER1 CRPX4_1 ARRAY1I HEADER1 CTYP4_1 ARRAY1 HEADER1 SBSEP ARRAY1 HEADER1 SIDEBAND ARRAY1 HEADERI RESTFREQ ARRAY1 HEADERI TRANSITI ARRAY1 HEADER1 MOLECULE ARRAY1 HEADER1 BANDWID ARRAY1 HEADER1 FREQRES ARRAY1 HEADER1I CHANNELS ARRAY1 HEADER1 DATE_OBS ARRAY1 HEADER1 OBSNUM ARRAY1 HEADER1 SCANNUM ARRAY1 HEADER1I BASEBAND ARRAY1 HEADER1 FEBE ARRAY1 DATAI ISWITCH ARRAYI DATA1L MID ARRAYI DATAL DATA Hz Hz FREQ FRQ e g LsrkFreq IPIX INDX Hz Hz Dec C 4 nre D day Npix X Nepb X Nrec X Nph R 22 frequency at reference channel in re
5. ow write access For further documentation on MIRA s data structure please consult section 5 of the MIRA manual The section MON consists of SIC structures MONA4HEADER and MON DATA Each frontend backend combination has its own GAINS and REDUCE section e g GAINS1 REDUCE3 etc The sections SCAN FEBE and DATA consist of header and data structures for each frontend backend combination e g SCAN1 HEADER SCANI DATA FEBE2ZHEADER FEBF3 DATA and so on The DATA and HEADER Structures of section ARRAY are written for each baseband e g ARRAY1 HEADER1 ARRAY2 DATA3 etc VARIABLE PRIM Retrieves the IMBFITS primary header VARIABLE SCAN Same for the scan header and table sections VARIABLE FEBE Information related to the frontend backend combination VARIABLE ARRAY Raw data headers and data sections VARIABLE DATA For calibrated raw data and monitor points interpolated at the backend timestamps VARIABLE MON Monitoring headers and table sections VARIABLE GAINS Calibration parameter for each frontend backend combination VARIABLE CHOICE Search options for MIRA s command FIND VARIABLE REDUCE MIRA internal flags for calibration history VARIABLE LIST Entries of the current index list 4 MIRA LANGUAGE INTERNAL HELP 15 4 9 VIEW MIRA VIEW ifb CAL GAINS PHASES phaseId irec SIGNAL idu MAP ZOOM VIEW is MIRA s command for plotting the data of frontend backend combination number ifb default is 1 The ite
6. 1 127 34 1658 64 213 17 0 42 6 0 scan 13 loads scan 13 an on off on IRC 10216 view 1 phases ON plots the uncalibrated spectrum of the A230 receiver The text in brackets is the default for view uncalibrated data view 1 phases OFF You may want to look e g at the off phase too cal all calibrates the spectra of both the A230 and B230 receivers view 1 signal plots the calibrated spectrum for the A230 receiver Fig 4 The text in brackets is the default for view calibrated data write febe ALL writes the calibrated spectra into the output file for CLASS starting with observing number 1 MIRA offers possibilities to plot calibration counts gainarrays of spectrometers raw data individual phases of the switch cycle calibrated data as spectra or pseudo maps for OTF For details please have a look at section 4 3 A TYPICAL OFFLINE DATA REDUCTION SESSION Source Venus Sean 6 Telescope IRAM 30m Date 2005 09 06 5 7 100 Frontend A100 Backend CONT Rest Frequency 115 271 GHz Azimuth 191 4 Elevation 42 6 O0 e T Mr e aa q 1 3 34 1 9 AAZ 2 76 AZM AAZ 3 93 AZM Y i q 590k jo E J or 1 l 50 0 50 A Az arc sec joo FT A E AEL 5 07 2 a 50 0 50 0 A El arc sec A El arc sec Figure 1 E
7. C 23 C 8 C 20 C 8 C 13 C 20 number of observations in the current index list number of connected frontends scan start yyyy mm ddThh mm ss sss backend name switching mode observing procedure observatory telescope name source name scan number observation number Index CAL DESPIKE FILE FIND LIST SCAN SOLVE VARIABLE VIEW WRITE 28
8. FEBE1 DATA FLATFIEL FEBE1L DATA BOLCALFC FEBEL DATA ANTGAIN FEBE1 DATA HPBW FEBE1 DATA ETAFSS FEBE1L DATA BEAMEFF FEBE1 DATA APEREFF FEBE1 DATA POLA FEBE1 DATA POLTY FEBE1 DATA REFFEED FEBE1 DATA FEEDOFFX FEBE1L DATA FEEDOFFY FEBE1L DATA DATA FEEDTYPE FEBE1 DATA USEFEED 5 4 ARRAY section 21 S Nba R deg Gain elevation correction parameter 1 see MBFITS manual Nba R deg Gain elevation correction parameter 2 see MBFITS manual Npix X Nba R Gain ratio image signal sideband Npix X Nha R receiver array flat field relative gains npix R Jy counts bolometer calibration factor Npix X nba R K Jy Antenna gain Npix X Nha R deg Half power beam width Npix X Nba R forward efficiency Npix X Nba R beam efficiency Npix X Nba R aperture efficiency Npix R deg feed orientation Npix CHI feed type X Y L R feed number of reference feed npx D deg feed x offset Npix D deg feed y offset Npix C 1 feed type see MBFITS manual Npix I list of feeds which are in use There is one ARRAY receiver array description section per frontend backend combination and per base band The following list is for frontend backend combination 1 and baseband 1 the corresponding struc ture names for frontend backend combination 2 were FEBE2 HEADER1 and FEBE2 DATA1 respectively FEBE2 HEADER2 and FEBE2 DATA2 for baseband 2 and so on ARRAY1 ARRAY1 HEADER1 ARRAY1I HEADER1 VSYS4R_2 ARRAY1 HEADER1 VSOU4R 2 ARRAY1 HEADER1 SOBS4R_2 ARRAY1 HEADER1 SPEC4R 2
9. SCAN HEADER LONPOLE SCAN HEADER CRVAL1 SCAN HEADER CRVAL2 SCAN HEADER EQUINOX SCAN HEADER RADECSYS SCAN HHEADER CTYPE1 SCAN ZHEADER CTYPE2 SCAN ZHEADER ETUTC SCAN ZHEADER GPSTAI SCAN ZHEADER TAIUTC SCAN ZHEADER UTIUTC SCAN ZHEADER NOBS SCAN HEADER LST SCAN ZHEADER MJD SCAN HEADER DATE_OBS SCAN HEADER SCANNUM SCAN ZHEADER OBSID SCAN ZHEADER PROJID SCAN HEADER SITEELEV o ts I C 4 C 20 C 20 C 20 rruuUuUoUDcnUcUcUUU c Q ws 32 C 8 C 8 oo ma ae es iJ C 23 C 12 C 12 user def user def user def user def user def AU Julian days AU Julian days deg deg deg deg deg deg deg deg Julian years Dnn nN day 19 optional OTF RASTER step between scan raster lines optional OTF RASTER step along line between samples optional OTF time for one line optional OTF tracking rate along line optional OTF RASTER line length optional number of repeats of each scan line Default 1 optional number of lines in a scan Default 1 optional scan direction Scan geometry Mapping mode Scan astronomical type geocentric distance Elements equinox J2000 0 or B1950 0 EPOCH Epoch of orbital elements EC Eccentricity IN Inclination W Angle from ascending node to perihelion OM Longitude of ascending node in degrees QR perihelion distance TP Full Julian date of perihelion passage True if tracking a moving frame If tr
10. i 1 to nogsets Where nog is the number of offsets from the catalogue position are accomodated in MIRA s SCANADATA section The resulting offset is in SCAN HEADER The SIC macro reduce mira now becomes reduceCont mira and reduceSpec mira See sec tion 2 1 for details New option ZOOM for command MIRA VIEW First the data is fully shown and the interactive cursor is called to define a rectangle to be zoomed in The axis labels are correspondingly updated MIRANVIEW MAP ZOOM can be used to plot a subset of data In the subset display the range of ON positions covered by the subscan s is indicated MIRANCAL option OFF the default weight mode for on the fly maps is now AVER taking an average of all available off source subscans Option NONE does not remove any off source signal but concatenates the spectral basebands MIRA s SIC variable ARRAYiVADATAj VAISWITCH with i frontend backend number j baseband number now becomes an array of character strings instead of integer flags See section 5 for details 1 PREFACE 4 Version 1 4 The header information provided by MIRA s command VIEW has been extended MIRA CAL if the setup of the backends used for an observation is not strictly the same as for the previous or for offline data processing the subsequent calibration MIRA complained about an inconsistent calibration In version 1 4 MIRA looks whether a calibration is available for exactly the same spectral charact
11. 4MHZ 2005 09 06 4 13 IRC 10216 onOff beamSwitching 4MHZ 2005 09 06 5 14 IRC 10216 calibrat beamSwitching 4MHZ 2005 09 06 6 15 IRC 10216 onTheFly totalPower 4MHZ 2005 09 06 T The same list can be displayed with MIRA command LIST which also allows to write it to an output file and not to the screen option OUTPUT and to issue information on the frontends connected and spectral lines observed option LONG A typical data reduction session looks like this scan 5 loads scan 5 calibration computes the calibration paramters and issues the following information FeBe Number Frontend Backend 1 A100 CONTI 2 B100 CONTI 3 A230 CONTI 4 B230 CONTI idFe THotLoad TColdLoad idBe Pix recTemp sysTemp calTemp tauZenith pwv Kelvin 7 0 0 Kelvin Neper mm A100 295 199 86 000 CONTI 78 60 480 33 228 15 7 29 10 1 B100 295 199 88 000 CONTI 39 91 404 02 216 94 7 31 11 9 A230 295 199 86 000 CONTI 289 67 1515 64 350 22 0 39 5 6 B230 295 199 86 000 CONTI 91 00 800 64 305 18 0 43 6 2 scan 6 loads scan 6 a pointing on Venus Tip It may happen that your index list contains observations from different days but with the same scan number In that case comand SCAN invites you to enter the wanted date of observation format YYYY MM DD Alternatively if you enter nothing you return to MIRA s command line where you can narrow your search criteria with FIND OBSERVED YYYY MM DD cal all corrects all observatio
12. E9GOBJECT C 20 CHOICE SCANI1 C 4 first scan of selected scan range CHOICE SCAN2 C 4 last scan of selected scan range CHOICE PROCEDURE C 8 observing procedure CHOICE DATE_OBS1 C 23 starting date for selection CHOICE DATE_OBS2 C 23 end date for selection CHOICE TRANSITION C 20 spectral line name CHOICE FRONTEND C 8 frontend selection CHOICE BACKEND C 8 backend selection 5 9 REDUCE section The REDUCE section is not a part of the MBFITS raw data format and contains MIRA internal flags describing the calibration history There is one REDUCE section per frontend backend combination i e REDUCE1 REDUCE2 etc REDUCEI S REDUCE1 DESPIKE_ DONE L Data despiked yes no REDUCE1L BASE_DONE L Baseline subtracted yes no REDUCE1 CALIBRATION DONE 3I Calibration done 1 Normalized by gainarray yes no 2 Backend count rates no or temp scale yes 3 Off signal subtracted yes no 5 MIRA SIC VARIABLES 5 10 RAW section 27 The RAW section is not part of the MBFITS raw data format and contains time stamps for subscan start and end in the IMBF raw data There is one RAW section per subscan i e RAW1 RAW2 RAW1 RAW1 ANTENNA RAW1 ANTENNA SUBSCANTYPE RAW1 ANTENNA SUBSCANSTART RAW1L ANTENNA SUBSCANEND RAWL ANTENNA SEGMENTXSTART RAW1 ANTENNA SEGMENTXEND RAW1 ANTENNA SEGMENTYSTART RAW1L ANTENNA SEGMENTYEND RAW1 SUBREF RAW1 SUBREF SUBSCANSTART RAW1L SUBREF SUBSCANEND RAW1 SUBRE
13. F SEGMENTXSTART RAW1 SUBREF SEGMENTXEND RAW1 SUBREF SEGMENTYSTART RAW1 SUBREF SEGMENTYEND RAW1 BACKEND RAW1 BACKEND SUBSCANSTART 5 11 LIST section Uuuo 8 UJ OU day day deg deg deg deg day day deg deg deg deg day structure for antenna monitoring data subscan type subscan start MJD in TIMESYS system subscan end MJD in TIMESYS system offset at subscan start on abscissa in user native system offset on abscissa at subscan end offset at subscan start on ordinate in user native system offset on ordinate at subscan end structure for subreflector monitoring data subscan start MJD in TIMESYS system subscan end MJD in TIMESYS system offset at subscan start on abscissa in user native system offset on abscissa at subscan end offset at subscan start on ordinate in user native system offset on ordinate at subscan end structure for backend data subscan start MJD in TIMESYS system The LIST section is not part of the MBFITS raw data format and contains the information in the current index list LIST consists of LISTof observations found and for each observation LISTLIST LIST LIST FOUND LIST GATTRIBUTEI LIST 6GATTRIBUTEI1T6ONCFE LIST GATTRIBUTEI96DATEOBS LISTZATTRIBUTE1L BACKEND LIST ATTRIBUTE1L SWITCHMODE LIST ATTRIBUTE1 PROCEDURE LISTZATTRIBUTE1L TELESCOPE LIST ZATTRIBUTE1L OBJECT LIST ZATTRIBUTE1L SCAN LIST ZATTRIBUTE1L INDX S S I S I
14. IM DATAI DATA INTEGNUM DATAI DATA LST DATAIL DATA LONGOFF DATAI DATA LATOFF DATAI DATA MLONPOLE DATAI DATA MLATPOLE DATAI DATA MCRVALI1 DATAI DATA MCRVAL2 DATAI DATA MIDTIME DATAI DATA MJD DATAI DATA NINTS S C 10 GI C 23 C 17 Nrec D Nrec D Nrec D NrecD NrecD NrecD Dre X 3 D Nrec X 3 D Nrec D Nrec I Nrec D Nrec D Nrec D Nrec D Nrec D Nrec D Nrec D Nrec D Nrec D Nrec I number of channels for concatenated basebands Observation o k OK ABORT Data blocking observation type CAL REF ON HOT COLD SKY Local apparent sidereal time obs start observation start in TIMESYS system observation number scan number frontend backend identification azimuth inc wobbler offsets actual long in astronomical basis frame inc wobbler offsets actual lat in astronomical basis frame inc wobbler offsets commanded long in astr basis frame inc wobbler offsets commanded lat in astr basis frame inc wobbler offsets elevation inc wobbler offsets opt focus offsets X Y Z subrefl position focus subreflector position X Y Z integration time integration point number local apparent sidereal time long offset from source in user native frame lat offset from source in user native frame opt longitude of basis celestial pole in body system opt basis latitude of body frame pole opt body apparent long in basis system opt body apparent lat in basis sys
15. LVE command has been upgraded to correctly handle blanked values for either backend counts or equivalent temperature scales slight syntax change for MIRA VIEW PHASE idPhase irec idPhase can be one of the character strings ON OFF LOAD SKY HOT COLD FLO FHI The specified phase is averaged across the whole scan unless a special record is specified with irec If a backend part is disconnected keeping the others MIRA will work even if there will be a hole in the associated frontend backend numbers e g using VESPA parts 1 3 and 4 Not yet tested for more than one backend part lacking 2 MIRA ONLINE USE 5 2 MIRA online use This section contains first thoughts how MIRA can be integrated in an online data processing scheme for visualizing and writing calibrated data 2 1 Display the most recent results from MIRA For online data display I propose to start two MIRA sessions one for continuum data and one for spectra This has the advantage that the last pointing and focus measurements are displayed while the spectra observed afterwards are also shown on a separate screen The complication of opening two graphic devices from the same MIRA session potentially unstalbe is thus avoided The syntax for online data display is reduceCont iRef writeClass for the continuum backends and reduceSpec iSpec writeClass for the spectrometers iref is the reference frontend backend combination for pointing and focus fits ispec specif
16. MIRA Manual v 1 4 Identifier Master URL http www iram fr Revision miraManual html v 1 4 Date 2005 11 14 Author Helmut Wiesemeyer email wiesemey iram fr Contributors A Sievers H Ungerechts the MBFITS working group Audience everybody involved with raw data reduction at the 30m telescope Publisher IRAM Grenoble Subject and Keywords raw data calibration 30m telescope Description about this document This manual describes MIRA a Multichannel Imaging and Calibration Software for Receiver Arrays At present September 2005 MIRA succeeds OTFCAL for the calibration of the new IMBFITS raw data at the 30m telescope Related documents http www iram fr IRAMFR GILDAS 1 PREFACE 2 1 Preface MIRA as in the current version is still under development Parts of its capabilities depend on the work done for other program libraries CLASS90 TELCAL PAKO Comments and suggestions from users are welcome and will be a valuable tool to further improve MIRA MIRA in its current version is exclusively used to reduce data written in the new IMBFITS raw data format For old raw data the old data processing software OTFCAL will be kept and maintained As soon as MIRA is fully integrated into as the standard heterodyne data processing software for the new control system it will further evolve to provide tools for imaging with heterodyne receiver arrays This is a summary of recent changes in MIRA Version 1 1
17. OBS NULA CAOBS COL IEOBS NULE observation number scan number 5 MIRA SIC VARIABLES MON DATA MON DATA REFRACTIO MON DATA THOTCOLD MON DATA TAMB_P_ HUMID MON DATA ANTENNA_AZ_EL MON DATA LONGOFF MON DATA LATOFF MON DATA BASLONG MON DATA BASLAT MON DATA PARANGLE MON DATA PHI_X_Y_Z MON DATA FOCUS_X_Y Z MON DATA DFOCUS_X_Y Z MON DATA TRACKING_AZ_EL MON DATA ENCODER_AZ_EL MON DATA MJD S D 2D 3D 2D Nslow D Nslow D Nslow D Nslow D Nslow D Tisubr X 3D Nsubr X 4D Nsubr X 3D Tlfast X 2 D Tlfast X 3 D NslowD arcsec K C hPa 96 deg deg deg deg deg deg deg mm deg deg deg day day 25 refraction correction hot amp cold load temperature ambient temperature pressure and rel humidity SAZM amp SELV from old control system long offset from source in user native frame lat offset from source in user native frame actual long in astronomical basis frame inc wobbler offsets actual lat in astronomical basis frame inc wobbler offsets parallactic angle Phi subrefl rotation X Y Z see MBFITS manual focus offsets and timestamp X subreflector position Y subreflector position Z subreflector position MJD timestamp in IMBF subreflector binary table focus subreflector position offsets X Y Z antenna tracking errors in azimuth and elevation encoder azimuth amp elevation and timestamp encoder azimut
18. backend combination 0 unknown 1 continuum 4 VESPA 5 WILMA 7 4MHz 5 3 FEBE section There is one FEBE frontend backend description section per frontend backend combination The following list is for frontend backend combination 1 the corresponding items for combination 2 were FEBE2 HEADER and FEBE2 DATA and so on FEBEI op FEBE1 HEADER S FEBE1 HEADER ZFLXRX R deg Pointing Coefficient receiver adds to ZFLX FEBE1 HEADER ECECRX R deg Pointing Coefficient receiver adds to ECEC P8 FEBE1 HEADER IERX R deg Pointing Coefficient receiver adds to IE P7 FEBE1 HEADER CARX R deg Pointing Coefficient receiver adds to CA P2 FEBE1 HEADER IARX R deg Pointing Coefficient receiver adds to FEBE1 HEADER FRQTHROW R Hz Frequency switching throw FEBE1 HEADER NPHASES I number of switch phases in a switch cycle FEBE1I HEADER SWTCHMOD C 20 Switch mode FEBE1 HEADER NUSEFEED I number fo feeds in use FEBE1 HEADER FEBEFEED I total number of feeds FEBE1 HEADER FEBEBAND I total number of basebands for this frontend backend combination FEBE1 HEADER DEWANG R deg dewar angle FEBEIXHEADER DEWRTMOD C 5 dewar tracking system FEBE1 HEADER DATE_OBS C 23 observing date Y2K format with time in TIMESYS system scan start FEBE1I HEADER SCANNUM I scan number FEBEI HEADER FEBE C 17 frontend backend combination identification 5 MIRA SIC VARIABLES FEBE1 DATA FEBE1L DATA GAINELE1 FEBE1L DATA GAINELE2 FEBEL DATA GAINIMAG
19. ber of antenna monitor points fast rate Variable types are denoted as S structure I integer R real single precision D real double precision C character string and L logical Caveats 1 Neither the MIRA data structures nor the corresponding SIC structures are exactly mapped from the MBFITS V1 54 file definition However I tried to keep them as close as possible 2 Not all of the following items are already copied from the IMBFITS file to SIC variables even if the SIC variable is declared 5 MIRA SIC VARIABLES 5 1 PRIMARY section PRIM S PRIM HEADER S PRIM HEADER MBFTSVER C 11 PRIM HEADER CREATOR C 32 PRIM HEADER ORIGIN i582 PRIM HEADER TELESCOP C 13 PRIM HEADER EXTEND L PRIM HEADER BITPIX I PRIM HEADER SIMPLE L PRIM HEADER NAXIS I 5 2 SCAN section General scan information SCAN S SCAN HEADER S SCAN HEADER ZFLX R SCAN HEADER ECEC R SCAN HEADER IE R SCAN HEADER AW R SCAN HEADER AN R SCAN ZHEADER NPAE R SCAN HEADER CA R SCAN HEADER IA R SCAN HEADER NFEBE I SCAN HEADER WOBMODE C SCAN HEADER WOBCYCLE R SCAN ZHEADER WOBDIR C SCAN ZHEADER WOBTHROW D SCAN HEADER WOBUSED L SCAN ZHEADER TRANFOCU I SCAN HEADER TRANFREQ I SCAN HEADER TRANDIST I SCAN ZHEADER ZIGZAG L SCAN HEADER CROCYCLE C SCAN HEADER SCANPARI D SCAN HEADER SCANPAR2 D SCAN ZHEADER SCANSKEW D 18 MBFITS version Softwrae including version Organisation or Institution Telescope Name deg deg d
20. e For online data processing a prototypical procedure mira_pro reduce mira has been commited to the CVS e New default for MIRA CAL the calibration parameters of all frontend backend combinations are computed e Output message formats for MIRA SCAN changed e Calibration parameters are already computed and issued when a chopper wheel calibration is loaded For spectrometers with several basebands mean values are given for basebands belonging to the same spectrum e Command syntax for MIRA VIEW changed to MIRA VIEW ifb CAL GAINS PHASES SIGNAL MAP Useful defaults are provided e Command syntax for MIRA SOLVE pointinglfocus ifb changed to MIRA SOLVE ifb Whether a pointing is to be solved or a focus is automatically determined from the observing procedure of the current scan e MIRA commands using the SIC macros in mira_pro p_plot_ mira can now be retrieved from SIC s command stack concerns MIRA SOLVE and MIRA VIEW e MIRA SOLVE for pointings the execution can be halted after the subscan fits with QUIT e MIRA command FIND has a new option FIND NEW for online data processing Only new data are put into the index list If no new data are found the index list remains unchanged e Lists of MIRA commands FIND and LIST by default a short list is provided without frontend names and spectral lines The previous long list can be retrieved with the new option LIST LONG The telescope name is suppress
21. e respectively offline use of MIRA or for defining tolerance limits for tracking errors to be done In version 1 4 there is only one such variable doPause Logical GLOBAL which can be set to true or false with let doPause yes respectively let doPause no It is used to halt the execution of MIRA SOLVE until the user types continue 5 MIRA SIC VARIABLES 17 var prim r vw retrieves primary header as SIC variables for reading default or writing var scan r w same for the scan header and table sections var febe r w frontend backend header and table sections var array r w arraydata headers and table sections var data r w data headers and table sections var mon r w monitoring headers and table sections var gains r w MIRA variables var choice r w search options for MIRA command find var reduce r w MIRA internal flags for calibration history Here is a listing of the corresponding SIC variables The array dimensions are specified by the following parameters Np number of frontend backend combinations y number of pixels Nba number of basebands Nepp number of spectral channels per baseband may number of spectral channels concatenated basebands nog number of off positions from catalogue position Nrec number of records backend data Nph number of phases e g 2 on off Nsubse number of subscans Nsubr number of subreflector monitor points aw number of antenna monitor points slow rate ns num
22. ed Searches for data from source object TELESCOPE antenna Searches for data from telescope antenna NEW Searches for new data written to the input directory the new index list will only contain new data If no new data are found the current index list remains unchanged For online data processing at the telescope SWITCHMOD switch Searches for observations done with switchmode 4 5 LIST MIRA LIST OUTPUT listfile LONG switch e g wobbler beamSwitching LIST writes the current index list to the screen column column column column column column column 1 NO oP 0 hh scan number Source name observing procedure switch mode backend name observing date format YYYY MM DD running index 4 MIRA LANGUAGE INTERNAL HELP 13 LIST OUTPUT listfile Writes the index list into output file listfile instead of writing to the screen No default provided LIST OUTPUT has the same action as LIST Default extension is lis LIST LONG Provides a more complete listing Each frontend backend combination is listed Information which is the same for all frontend backend combinations is only written once per scan all columns except for the spectral line name and the frontend name column 1 scan number column 2 source name column 3 spectral line name column 4 observing procedure column 5 switch mode column 6 frontend name column 7 backend name column 8 observing date column 9 running index
23. ed in any case Note that the scan number is now listed in the first column and the observation number in the last one e The information is the current index list can now be retrieved from the new SIC structure list type MIRA VARIABLE LIST r 1 PREFACE 3 Support of old raw data abandoned Version 1 2 Default for MIRA command CAL is now the first frontend backend combination If all frontend backend combinations are to be calibrated the argument ALL has to be specified i e CAL ALL options The option OFF of MIRA command CAL now offers several modi for the subtraction of the reference signal in OTF maps with total power mode The reference signal is either a mean of all off measurements option NONE the default an unweighted mean of the reference measurements taken before and after the on measurement and weighted means weighting by total power or elapsed time See the MIRA language internal help for more details MIRA command WRITE option FEBE has a new argument MIRANWRITE number FEBE ALL writes all frontend backend combinations into the CLASS output file starting with the observation identification number if specified otherwise successively increased by default Version 1 3 MIRA stability is improved If for a given scan the imbFits file of one of the backends is faulty this backend will be ignored in the index list and a warning message is issued The new imbFits keywords XOFFSETi and YOFFSETi with
24. efault CAL OFF EQUAL uses as reference signal an unweighted mean of the off measurements taken before respectively after the on subscan CAL OFF TIME uses as reference signal a weighted mean of the off mea surements taken before respectively after the on subscan The first ref erence has a weight decreasing with the time elapsed between the on the fly record and the first reference measurement and the weight of the second reference increases correspondingly CAL OFF TOTAL vMin vMax uses as reference signal a weighted mean value 4 MIRA LANGUAGE INTERNAL HELP 11 of the off measurements taken before respectively after the on subscan The weighting is done in a way to ensure that the total power of the on the fly record equals the total power of the reference signal A spec tral line contributing significantly to the total power can be masked with the arguments vMin and vMax 4 2 DESPIKE MIRA DESPIKE ifb PIXEL ipix ITERATE niter INTERPOLATE DESPIKE removes spikes from spectra OTF data and continuum drifts re spectively If the frontend backend identification number ifb is not Specified the first frontend backend combination of the current scan is despiked DESPIKE PIXEL ipix Allows to specify the pixel number ipix for HERA data Default is pix el 1 DESPIKE ITERATE niter Allows to remove up to niter spikes default is niter 10 DESPIKE INTERPOLATE Instead of attributing the blanking value to t
25. eg deg deg deg deg deg Sec deg Hz user def Pointing coefficient Flexure Pointing coefficient P8 Pointing coefficient P7 Pointing coefficient Oye 4 Pointing coefficient Pointing coefficient Pointing coefficient Pointing coefficient P1 number of frontend backend combinations wobbler mode SQUARE TRIANGULAR wobbler period wobbler throw direction wobbler throw can also be used for beam switching Wobbler used optional HOLO transmitter offset from prime focus optional HOLO transmitter frequency optional HOLO transmitter distance optional OTF RASTER Scan in zigzag CAL REF ON loop string optional spare scan parameter optional spare scan parameter optional OTF RASTER offset in scan direction between lines Fg hg FO 5 3 2 5 MIRA SIC VARIABLES SCAN HEADER SCANYSPC SCAN HEADER SCANXSPC SCAN HEADER SCANTIME SCAN HEADER SCANXVEL SCAN HEADER SCANLEN SCAN HEADER SCANRPTS SCAN HEADER SCANLINE SCAN ZHEADER SCANDIR SCAN HEADER SCANGEOM SCAN HEADER SCANMODE SCAN HEADER SCANTYPE SCAN HEADER DISTANCE SCAN HEADER ORBEQUNX SCAN HEADER ORBEPOCH SCAN HEADER ECCENTR SCAN HEADER INCLINAT SCAN ZHEADER OMEGA SCAN HEADER LONGASC SCAN HEADER PERIDIST SCAN HEADER PERIDATE SCAN HEADER MOVEFRAM SCAN HEADER CALCODE SCAN HEADER LATOBJ SCAN HEADER LONGOBJ SCAN HEADER LONGOFF SCAN ZHEADER LATOFF SCAN ZHEADER OBJECT SCAN HEADER LATPOLE
26. ersistics If so the calibration is applied even if the number of the backend part has changed If no calibration with the same spectral characteristics is available MIRA issues a warning and flags those data as uncalibrated Ambigeous scan numbers it may happen that a raw data directory contains data from different observing dates but with the same scan numbers Until now the only way out was to preselect the data in the index list using FIND OBSERVED Otherwise MIRA entered into a state of confusion and crashed when such a scan was read with MIRA SCAN In version 1 4 this is not so anymore in case of ambigous scan numbers the user is asked to enter the desired observing date if nothing is entered MIRA SCAN returns to the command prompt allowing to opt for the solution using FIND OBSERVED The pause between pointing solutions by subscans and coadded subscans respectively makes automatic online data processing impossible since MIRA waits for the use to type continue So the pause was switched off in version 1 3 In version 1 4 it can be activated using MIRA s logical flag doPause yes or true for interactive offline MIRA sessions if the user wants to have a close look at the pointing subscans Sometimes there are still spikes in the pointings although usually lower than or comparable to the signal MIRA s despiking routine works best after calibration and the spikes get attributed a blanking value Therefore the MIRA SO
27. h encoder elevation MJD time of IMBF antenna binary table fast track MJD time of IMBF antenna binary table slow track 5 MIRA SIC VARIABLES 26 5 7 GAINS section The GAINS section is not a part of the MBFITS raw data format and contains information relevant to data calibration together with the weather data that are written to the MONITOR section There is a separate GAINS section for each frontend backend combination i e GAINS1 GAINS2 etc GAINSI PCOLD Nbd X Npix X ncpp D backend count rate of cold load GAINS1 PHOT Nbd X Npix X Neph D backend count rate on ambient load GAINSI PSKY Nbd X Npix X ncpp D backend count rate on sky GAINS1I LCALOF D deg longitude offset for sky measurement GAINS1I BCALOF D deg latitude offset for sky measurement GAINSI TAUZEN Nbd X NpixD Np zenith opacity GAINSI TAUZENIMAGE Npd X Npix D Np zenith opacity in image band GAINSI TATMS Nba X NpixD K atmospheric emission temperature GAINSI TATMI hpjX nygxD K atmospheric emission temperature image band GAINSI TSYS Nbd X NpixD K system temperature GAINS1 TRX Nbd X Npix D K receiver temperature GAINS1 H2OMM Nbd X NpixD mm precipitable water vapour GAINSI GAINARRAY Nba X Npix X Nepb D gain array PHOT PSKY GAINS1I FEBE C 17 frontend backend identification 5 8 CHOICE section The CHOICE section is not a part of the MBFITS raw data format and describes the selection criteria for MIRA s find command CHOICE S CHOICE TELESCOPE C 13 CHOIC
28. he removed spikes the mean value of the next neighbours is used Not yet implemented 4 3 FILE MIRA FILE IN OUT name NEW CLASS MBFITS Selects the input directory and output files FILE IN name defines the input directory FILE OUT name NEW defined the output file initializes a file if NEW is given FILE CLASS Opens a CLASS type file for output default FILE MBITS Converts IMBFITS raw data to MBFITS raw data Not yet implemented 4 MIRA LANGUAGE INTERNAL HELP 12 4 4 FIND MIRA FIND BACKEND FRONTEND LINE OBSERVED PROCEDURE SCAN SOURCE TELESCOPE NEW SWITCHMODE FIND performs a search in the input directory to build a new index according to selection criteria defined by one or more of the following options The index list as desribed in the help for command MIRA LIST BACKEND name Searches for data from backend name FRONTEND receiver Searches for data from a given receiver LINE transition Search for data of spectral line transition OBSERVED startDate endDate Searches for data observed between startDate and endDate If endDate is not specied looks only for data observed the day of startDate Date format is YYYY MM DD e g 2005 09 29 PROCEDURE procedure Searches for data of a given observing SCAN i1 i2 SOURCE object procedure e g pointing focus onOff calibration Searches for data from scans il to i2 or only scan ii if i2 not specifi
29. ies the frontend backend combination of the spectrum to be shown and writeClass is a logical flag deciding whether a CLASS file is to be written or not I propose to set writeClass to false or no and to leave the generation of a CLASS file to a dedicated Python script see below 2 2 Online generation of calibrated CLASS spectra MIRA should be called scan by scan from the NCS via a Python script that reads in the scan needed calibrate it write a CLASS spectrum e g spectraOdp 30m to a default output directory As usual the respective project directory contains a soft link data 30m pointing to spectraOdp 30m 3 A typical offline data reduction session For the sake of a cookbook recipe here is an example of a MIRA session file in ncsServer mrt ncs data 2005 04 06 opens the input directory for reading file out spectra 30m new opens output file for calibrated data CLASS forme find observed 2005 09 06 scan 5 15 only puts scans 5 to 15 from September 6 into the index list and yields the following list with column 1 scan number column 2 object column 3 observing procedure column 4 switch mode column 5 backend name column 6 date of observation column 7 observation number 3 A TYPICAL OFFLINE DATA REDUCTION SESSION 6 5 VENUS calibrat beamSwitching CONTI 2005 09 06 1 6 VENUS pointing beamSwitching CONTI 2005 09 06 2 9 VENUS focus beamSwitching CONTI 2005 09 06 3 12 IRC 10216 calibrat beamSwitching
30. m to be plotted is specified by one of the following options Otherwise the following defaults are provided VIEW CAL for chopper wheel calibrations VIEW PHASES for all uncalibrated data VIEW SIGNAL for calibrated data at least off subtracted from a single position respectively VIEW MAP for OTF maps VIEW CAL For calibrations only Plots the counts from the loads sky ambient cold respectively versus time for continuum backends For spectral line backends plots the subscan average of the dumps from the corresponding loads versus frequency VIEW GAINS Plots the gainarray currently in use For spectrometers only VIEW PHASES phaseId irec Plots the uncalibrated data against time for continuum backends respectively frequency and record number for spectrometers using phase phaseId according to the observing procedure viewed it defaults to 0 SKY or FHI By default the scan average of all phases iphase in shown otherwise record number irec VIEW SIGNAL idump Plots calibrated data as time series for continuum drifts respectively spectra for spectrometers For OTF maps record number idump can be Specified to plot a single spectrum VIEW MAP Plots a pseudo map data values versus velocity and record number for calibrated OTF data VIEW ZOOM Plots and calls the interactive cursor to define a region for a zoom Use the cursor to define the lower left and upper right corner order does not matter
31. ns in the current scan for gains applies the Ta scale and subtracts off signals N B CAL is NOT a prerequisite for solving pointings or foci solve 4 solves the pointing measurement using the receiver B230 plots the results Fig 1 2 and writes an XML file for the control system Tip Occasionally spikes appear in the raw data If they are stronger than the total power level they can be removed from the raw data with MIRA s command DESPIKE If they are comparable to the total power level you should first calibrate the pointing then despike and then solve the pointing fit 3 A TYPICAL OFFLINE DATA REDUCTION SESSION 7 Tip By default MIRA s pointing procedure halts for a while after the subscan plots and then displays the results of the coadded azimuth respectively elevation subscans This is for online data processing For offline data processing you may want to have a close look at the subscans In that case please enter LET doPause yes scan 9 loads scan 9 solve 1 solve and plot the focus for receiver B230 Fig 3 and writes an XML file for the control system scan 12 loads scan 12 a calibration for the 4MHz filterbank and issues FeBe Number Frontend Backend 1 A230 4MHZ 2 B230 4MHZ idFe THotLoad TColdLoad idBe Pix recTemp sysTemp calTemp tauZenith pwv Kelvin 077 oe Kelvin Neper mm A230 295 199 86 000 4MHZ 1 362 19 3018 86 240 79 0 40 5 8 B230 295 199 86 000 4MHZ
32. st frame reference channel frequency axis for col 3 axis name pixel index separation 1 pixel index value at this position 1 ref position 1 Pixel feed index in USEPIX array sideband separation main sideband USB or LSB rest frequency of line optional main line transition optional main line molecule optional bandwidth for this band frequency resolution number of channels for this baseband observation start in TIMESYS system observation number scan number baseband number frontend backend combination ID integration type NONE ON OFF LOAD SKY HOT COLD FHI FLO MJD at integration midpoint in TIMESYS system backend data 5 MIRA SIC VARIABLES 5 5 DATA section 23 There is one DATA section per frontend backend combination The following list is for frontend backend combination 1 the corresponding structure names for combination 2 were DATA2 HEADER and DATA2 DATA and so on Data associated parameters are interpolated from the monitor data next section at the MIDTIME timestamp of the backend data DATAI HEADER DATAI HEADER CHANNELS DATAI HEADER OBSTATUS DATAI HEADER DPBLOCK DATAI HEADER OBSTYPE DATAI HEADER LST DATAI HEADER DATE_OBS DATAI HEADER OBSNUM DATAI HEADER SCANNUM DATAI HEADER FEBE DATAI DATA AZIMUTH DATAI DATA BASLONG DATAI DATA BASLAT DATAI DATA CBASLONG DATAI DATA CBASLAT DATAI DATA ELEVATIO DATAI DATA DFOCUS_X_Y_Z DATAI DATA FOCUS_X_Y_Z DATAI DATA INTEGT
33. tem MJD at integration midpoint in TIMESYS system MJD at integration endpoint in TIMESYS system integrations in block 5 MIRA SIC VARIABLES DATAI DATA PHI_X_Y Z DATAI DATA PC_11 DATAI DATA PC_12 DATAI DATA PC_21 DATAI DATA PC_22 DATAI DATA PARANGLE DATAI DATA SUBSCAN DATAI DATA OTFDATA DATAI DATA RDATA 5 6 MONITOR section Nrec Nrec Nrec Npix X Nchan X Nrec Npix X Neh R D deg deg Jagg counts Tx K counts Tx K 24 Phi subreflector rotation X Y Z see MBFITS manual matrix elements of transformation from pixel coordinates to intermediate pixel coordinates projection of user frame parallactic angle subscan number of data point OTF data with basebands concatenated and off subtracted single pointing data basebands concatenated and off subtracted The MONITOR section describes all parameters associated with the data MONITOR data are recorded independently from the backend data DATA section The interpolation of data associated parameters at the backend timestamps is written into the data substructure of the DATA section see above MON MON HEADER MON HEADER DATE_OBS MON HEADER FOCOBS_X_Y_Z MON HEADER IAOBS_CAOBS_IEOBS MON HEADER OBSNUM MON HEADER SCANNUM S S C 23 3D 3D mm arcsec observing date in TIMESYS system X Y Z focus correction Pointing corrections to be added to IA P1 CA P2 and IE P7 In old 30m control system terms IA
34. ue the above orbital elements are stored Calibrator code Source latitude in native frame Source longitude in native frame Longitude offset from catalogue position Latitude offset from catalogue position Source name Basis latitude of native pole Native longitude of celestial pole Native frame zero in basis system long Native frame zero in basis system lat Equinox additional system definition for ecliptic equatorial coordinates Basis system longitude XLON SFL Basis system latitude XLAT SFL Ephemeris Time UTC time translation GPS time TAI translation TAI UTC time translation UT1 UTC time translation Number of observations in this scan Local apparent sidereal time scan start Scan start time modified Julian date in TIMESYS system Scan date time in TIMESYS system Scan number Observer and Operator initials Project ID Observatory elevation 5 MIRA SIC VARIABLES 20 SCANWHEADEROVSITELONG D deg Observatory longitude SCAN HEADER SITELAT D deg Observatory latitude SCAN HEADER TELESCOP C 13 Telescope name SCAN DATA S SCAN ZDATA HZLONGOFF nog D deg longitude offset from catalogue position SCAN ZDATA LATOFF nggD deg latitude offset from catalogue position SCAN ZDATA FE Nh I frontend ID of each frontend backend combination 0 unknown 1 A100 2 B100 3 C150 4 D150 5 A230 6 B230 7 C270 8 D270 9 HERA 10 HERB SCAN ZDATA BE np I backend ID of each frontend
35. xample for a pointing solution first step Source Venus Scan 6 Telescope IRAM 30m Date 2005 09 06 Frontend B230 Backend CONT Rest Frequency 230 538 GHz Azimuth 191 4 Elevation 42 6 new Az corr 1 7 new El corr co J J 200 AAZ 2 8 J 200 7 150 F 4150 4 L jx E le ae 13 9 100 9 100 pR dp 9 L 4 E 4 L 4 o d 50 t 50 oL 0 4 a SS tq h eosopo i o lp tfe j 50 0 50 50 Az Figure 2 Example for a pointing solution subscans coadded 3 A TYPICAL OFFLINE DATA REDUCTION SESSION Source K5 50A Scan 26 Telescope IRAM 30m Date 2005 04 08 Frontend A100 Backend CONT Azimuth 277 8 Elevation 54 3 Current focus sfez 2 mm Focus offset A 0 2 mm New focus sfez 2 2 mm 650L i 4 i o 1700 F 4 5 a 5 L a L J g 17 90 E J o L 4 at 1800 E j EDU z 1 Displacement mm Figure 3 Example for a focus solution 10 ON 0 0 OFF 600 0 Source IRC 10216 Scan 13 Telescope IRAM 30m Frontend A230 5 Backend 4MHz Line 12C0 2 1 Procedure onOff Switch mode totalPower Tio K Calibration Channel gains applied Off subtracted js scale applied Despiking no Baseline no ay ico i 500 9 500 Vise km s Figure 4 Example of a calibrated spectrum 4 MIRA LANGUAGE INTERNAL HELP 4 MIRA language internal help 4 1 CAL MIRA CAL ALL ifb
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