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DRAFT UFC 3-400-10N Mechanical Engineering

1. 18 POA DESMO 18 CHAPTER 3 DESIGN ANALYSIS AND DOCUMENTATION eene 19 Jl GENERAL OO 19 3 1 1 Field Investigation c cc ccccccccceeeceeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeseeeseeeseeeeseeeseeesaeeegs 19 PL J3EnSray SUB ne ee ee E 200 890 0920 eee 19 3 1 3 age ele i ee IUCUNDE 19 3 1 4 Computerized Energy Analysis ccccccccseeeeeneeeeeaeeeesaeeeesaeeees 19 3 2 DESIGN CONDITIONS in grcicsesevacsnsccseosunccvadiacasodtsccematboncteeiiarcunavenesebdonnedinn 19 3 2 1 Outside Design Temperatures seseeeeeeeeeeeee 20 o9 BASIS OF DESIOD oe ee ee ee 21 3 3 1 Plumbing Basis of Design sseseeeeeene 21 3 3 2 Mechanical Basis of Design essesseeeeeeereeeee 22 3 4 CALCULA TIONS bcs inita t rtt tha teer otato hot t E utat ies 23 3 4 1 Plumbing Calculations 0cccccccccccceeeeeseeeeeseeeesaeeeesaeeeeseeeeeens 23 3 4 2 Mechanical Calculations 00 ce ccccecceceeeeeeaeeeesaeeeesaeeeesaneees 23 20 DRAWINGS eee T m 25 3 5 1 BICVIBED E 25 oL SESO E 25 95 9 PiluMmDINg DraWiNgS escsctecceccczccsescateccascatescdasetescascasenniesedoniacetaraiaasdeseeneeds 25 3 5 4 Mechanical Drawings ccccccccccccseeeceeeeeeeeseeeeeeeese
2. ASHRAE ASHRAE Std 90 1 Energy Standards for Buildings Except Low Rise Residential Buildings ASHRAE Std 15 Refrigeration Equipment Rooms ASHRAE Std 62 Ventilation Requirements ASHRAE Handbooks International Ground Source Heat Pump Association IGSHPA Ground Coupled Heat Pump System Design Guide Building Codes The International Building Code IBC The International Mechanical Code IMC The International Plumbing Code IPC National Fire Protection Association NFPA NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code NFPA 54 National Fuel Gas Code 31 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 NFPA 58 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code NFPA 70 National Electrical Code NFPA 90A Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems NFPA 90B Warm Air Heating and Air Conditioning Systems Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association SMACNA HVAC Air Duct Construction Standards HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual Seismic Restraint Manual U S Green Building Council LEED Rating System 32 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 APPENDIX B BEST PRACTICES B 1 HVAC SYSTEMS B 1 1 Consider heat recovery for all air systems or buildings providing 2500 cubic feet per minute or greater of outdoor ventilation air B 1 2 Consider variable speed pumping on all distribution systems with pumps two horsepower or greater B 1 3 Maximize distribution air and water temperature differences to reduce flow rates B 1 4 Consider rad
3. UFC UL VAV W g Silicon Control Rectifier Series Fan powered Variable Air Volume UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association Temperature Unified Facilities Criteria Underwriters Laboratories Variable Air Volume Water Gauge 41
4. Guidelines Research the process or operation before design starts i e find out contaminants toxicity process temperature etc 2 4 7 3 Provide hoods designed for effective capture of contaminants while minimizing air flow for energy conservation Do not specify or provide a canopy hood unless process is nontoxic 2 4 7 4 Specify the appropriate fan for the application When selecting a fan consider noise generation material handled through the fan e g corrosives flammables etc and future expansion or flexibility of the system 2 4 7 5 Provide tempered make up air for all ventilation systems Ensure that make up air does not cause turbulence at the exhaust hood Interlock make up air fan to exhaust fan Do not recirculate exhaust air 2 4 7 6 Provide an offset discharge stack with drain for exhaust systems Do not utilize a conical cap exhaust stack Provide at least 7 5 m 25 feet between exhaust outlets and outside air inlets to prevent circulating contaminated exhaust air back into the building 2 4 7 1 Provide an air cleaning device when required by state and federal regulations Obtain clear guidance and direction from the Government Project Manager Select air cleaning devices that will maximize contaminant removal and ease of maintenance while minimizing cost 2 4 7 8 Provide air flow and static pressure calculations with each design following the methods in the latest edition of the ACGIH Ventilation Manual 2
5. chilled water from a central plant shall use the heat value of fluid based on the actual temperature and pressure delivered to the 1 5 m 5 ft line 37 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 Table D 2 Metric Pipe Size Equivalence NPS Inches DN mm NPS Inches DN mm BB 22 2 365 1 NPS is the inch pound designation for nominal pipe size 2 DN is the metric designation for diameter nominal 3 For pipe sizes over 12 inches use the conversion factor of 25 mm per inch Table D 3 Metric Ductwork Dimensions Notes 1 For dimensions over 12 inches increase mm size in increments of 50 38 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 Table D 4 Ductwork Construction and Leakage Testing System Duct Pressure Class Supply Return Outside Duct Test Inches of Water Column Round oval Rectangular Air Pressure Outside Duct Duct Duct Duct Duct Duct Inches of Duct Duct Duct Air Seal Leak Seal Leak Seal Leak Water Duct Class Class Class Class Class Class Column Rooftop VAV Packaged Rooftop CV Air Handling Unit with Economizer Constant Volume Series VAV Units Exhaust 24 1 0 Duct Notes 1 Test in accordance with Specification Section 15950 HVAC Testing Adjusting and Balancing and the procedures in SMACNA HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual 2 No test required 39 DoD EMCS EPACTO5 F Fdb FEMP GCHP GHz GPM HVAC Hz IBC IESNA IGSH
6. least 6 to 8 duct diameters upstream of the VAV box collar connection flow sensor 2 4 1 10 14 VAV terminal boxes have minimum primary air velocity limitations imposed by the volume regulators utilized Though many manufacturers claim their VAV boxes can deliver minimum primary air at flow rates resulting in inlet velocities of 189 L s 400 fpm and a velocity pressure of 2 48 Pa 0 01 inch w g the lack of a certifying agency to test the manufacturer s claims support a more conservative approach Minimum primary airflow rates shall be established to attain minimum velocity pressures of no less than 7 45 Pa 0 03 inch w g Do not utilize system powered also called pressure dependent terminal units 2 4 1 10 15 Special consideration must be given when fan powered VAV boxes are specified and when it is necessary to specify a VAV box fan CFM in excess of the specified maximum primary air CFM When used with a dropped ceiling return plenum the excess VAV box CFM will introduce secondary air into the conditioned space This has the effect of transferring return side coil cooling loads to room side sensible loads Always make sure the transferred sensible heat is taken into account in the calculated room side sensible heat Failure to do so may result in inadequate primary airflow rates to satisfy the room sensible heat loads 2 4 1 10 16 Discharge dampers shall be installed on all series fan powered VAV boxes SFPVAV regardless of the type of fa
7. or Base Civil Engineering Branch for specific requirements 2 2 1 4 Draft Hoods Provide for each gas fired piece of equipment except power vented and condensing type equipment 2 2 1 5 Barometric Dampers Provide barometric dampers for all boilers requiring negative draft UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 2 2 2 Steam Boilers On boiler start up the condensate in a gravity system may not return quick enough to maintain the boiler water level Contact the boiler manufacturer for boiler feed system tank size and location 2 2 3 Condensing Boiler Systems Provide hydronic systems with condensing gas fired boilers with a water volume equal to five 5 minutes of water flow through the system pump minimum or as required by the boiler manufacturer This insures there is sufficient water volume to prevent short cycling of the burner If there is insufficient water volume an inertia tank must be installed to attain the minimum system volume required Non condensing boilers do not require this minimum 2 2 4 Combustion Air Provide combustion air for gas and oil fired equipment in accordance with International Mechanical Code IMC and NFPA requirements 2 2 5 Steam Heating Steam heat should not be used except on rehabilitation projects where budget constraints preclude conversion of an existing steam heating system to hot water 2 2 6 Infra Red Gas Radiant Heaters When using non condensing gas infrared heaters the lengt
8. return the form to the A amp E Approved Approved as Noted or Disapproved Contact the Government Project Manager prior to submitting Form E 1 if you have any questions A copy of the form is included in Appendix D 3 1 3 2 Solar Analysis When required by the Scope of Work the economic feasibility of incorporating an active solar domestic water preheating system will be evaluated by the Government with building information provided by the A amp E via submission of the Solar Analysis Form Form S 1 at the project concept stage A copy of the form is included in Appendix D 3 1 4 Computerized Energy Analysis After receiving the approved forms from the Government the A amp E shall perform a computerized energy analysis and a life cycle cost analysis in accordance with the Scope of Work and UFC 3 400 01 3 2 DESIGN CONDITIONS UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 3 2 1 Outside Design Temperatures Utilize the Unified Facility Criteria document UFC 3 400 2 Design Engineering Weather Data and utilize the Design Criteria Data available from the referenced Air Force Combat Climatology Center website For Design Build projects the data may be defined in the RFP documents 3 2 1 1 Cooling Systems 3 2 1 1 1 Mission Critical Facilities where equipment failure due to high heat would be unacceptable For design utilize the 0 496 Occurrence value for outside air Dry Bulb Temperature T Design Value v F and the M
9. with each permit Refer to UFC 3 200 10N Civil Engineering for more information UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 CHAPTER 2 REQUIREMENTS 2 1 ENERGY SUPPLY 2 1 1 Fuel Source and HVAC System Selection New facilities and facilities undergoing major and minor renovation as defined in UFC 3 400 01 Energy Conservation are required to be analyzed to determine the most cost effective and practical fuel source s and heating and cooling system types Provide energy analysis in accordance with UFC 3 400 01 2 1 2 Energy Conservation Provide mechanical system based on lowest life cycle cost Provide completed compliance forms provided in ASHRAE 90 1 User s Manual any additional documentation to support compliance with this Standard and applicable state government required forms 2 1 2 1 Facility Energy Conservation The Energy Policy Act of 2005 EPACTO5 has increased the energy conservation requirements over those listed in UFC 3 400 01 Per EPACTOS new facilities shall be designed to achieve energy conservation levels that are at least 30 below the levels established by ASHRAE otandard 90 1 2004 or the International Energy Code for residential buildings 2 1 3 Energy Star All HVAC equipment appliances related electrical equipment and water saving fixtures shall meet or exceed the minimum efficiencies listed by Energy Star and Federal Energy Management Program FEMP The FEMP website lists all Energy Star and FEMP rated
10. with the Government Project Manager to see if an existing energy management network has been established on the Base Provide DDC equipment which is compatible with existing systems to the maximum extent practicable Where use of a specific DDC system is mandatory a Justification and Authorization J amp A for the utilization of proprietary DDC equipment shall be provided by the Government 2 6 4 1 For new buildings DDC systems shall utilize all electric or electronic actuators On rehab projects eliminate pneumatics whenever possible Actuator positions or responses shall be based on position sensors or position feedback indicators and not on controller output signals 2 6 4 2 For new installations provide DDC equipment which is user friendly and which maximizes compatibility with other manufacturers equipment ASHRAE s BACnet standard ANSI ASHRAE 135 provides guidance on DDC system compatibility Provide an operator programmable DDC system as a distributed control system 2 6 4 3 Unless combined with a larger control system DDC controls for small HVAC systems i e DX systems of less than 10 tons are not cost effective Utilize programmable electronic thermostats for these smaller facilities 2 6 4 4 Require the DDC installer to provide training for government facility personnel on all new DDC equipment Provide training as required by the RFP for Design build projects and request guidance from the base Public Works or USAF Base Civ
11. 5 TERMINAL amp PACKAGE UNITS 2 5 1 System Selection Criteria Do not utilize room fan coil units or packaged terminal units such as individual through wall heat pumps for facilities such as office buildings and Bachelor Quarters or for any facility larger than 465 square meters 5000 square feet unless conditioned make up air is provided to each space through a central continuously operating dedicated make up air system Conditioned make up air shall be ducted to each room or to the return side of each fan coil or terminal unit 2 6 CONTROLS amp INSTRUMENTATION 2 6 1 General Controls Provide the simplest HVAC controls that will accomplish the intended function 2 6 2 Control Dampers Provide parallel blade dampers for two position on off control Provide opposed blade dampers for modulating applications but for best performance their pressure drop 15 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 should be between 5 and 20 of the total system pressure drop They are effective for two position on off applications as well but are more expensive than parallel dampers 2 6 3 Carbon Monoxide Detectors In Family Housing containing fuel fired appliances provide UL 2034 listed line voltage operated residential carbon monoxide CO detectors Detectors shall feature digital readout and shall be located and installed in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions 2 6 4 DDC Systems Prior to designing the DDC system check
12. CONTENTS CHAPTER TINTRODUCTHON x 22 27095252025002992 52572215297 705107 UU FUE UR Uo UL E Sua Un o Suo Un Do cies 1 1 1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE cccccccccccssseeecseeeeecseeseesesseeecsaseeessausesssaeseess 1 12 APPLICA BUT Y E 1 159 REFERENCES ee ee 1 1 4 COMMUNICATIONG seeessseeesseseeenn nennen nennen nenne nnns nn nnns nnns 1 1 5 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS ssessesesseeeeneeeee ener 1 1 6 PERMITS CONSTRUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL amp OTHER 1 CHAPTER 2 REQUIREMENT O aparece crete acta eerste essa yeeros eens I pU EEE NEM Sce E NceU duro 2 2 ENERGY SUPPLY acs cee E EEEE RU EEEE EEEE 2 2 1 1 Fuel Source and HVAC System Selection 2 2 1 2 Energy COHDSOTVallOluneoasconssunm buta uno Nu dd rUN ISIN TU HORUM Betas UMOR 2 25 9 n rdy Sab uscita mate ee M AMEdE M MEE NUM MERE INA UNE 2 2 1 4 Sustainable Design usseseseeseeseeeeeene nene 2 2 1 5 Indoor Environmental Quality and Mold 2 2 1 0 Humid AAP CAS esos oce rrietrieteie s nopetemb aestu utetur edcatiezudietetuustosatedeiissutiiulesu deed 3 UIMEE2 Drei 3 2 1 8 Building PressuriZaliOTI uses o eue xRsr ER dep duos cote necs Mox EUER ER tote ut 3 2 2 HEAT GENERATING SYSTEMS sees 3 2 2 1 OCT i NEN ET 3 2 22 Oam BOIE S dtes d RUN ER 4 2 2 3 Condensing Bo
13. FINAL DRAFT July 2006 prevailing winds and force protection requirements Outside air intakes must be 3 0 m 10 ft minimum above ground elevation to satisfy Anti Terrorism AT requirements 2 4 3 3 Roof Fans Roof exhaust fans should be avoided due to maintenance access restrictions and roof leak potential If provided and where feasible utilize direct drive fan motors with speed controllers to reduce maintenance requirements 2 4 4 Fire Station Diesel Exhaust Provide an engineered fire apparatus exhaust removal system Refer to Interim Technical Guide ITG FY00 06 for additional information The system should include an overhead sliding track mechanism to permit a flexible exhaust hose to travel with the fire apparatus into and out of the apparatus bays The fire apparatus exhaust hose shall automatically disconnect from the vehicle as it exits the bay 2 4 5 Maintenance Bay Vehicle Exhaust Provide an engineered vehicle exhaust removal system The system shall include an overhead or under floor system Overhead ductwork system shall be provided with a retractable flexible exhaust hose to travel from the vehicle exhaust into and out of the ductwork The exhaust fan for all systems shall be specifically designed and manufactured for vehicle exhaust 2 4 6 Kitchen Galley HVAC Systems Check project documentation to determine if air conditioning of kitchens is allowed No air shall be returned from the kitchen to the HVAC system Des
14. Fundamentals 2001 Chapter 8 Figure 5 but not more than 21 1 Cdb 70 Fdb 3 2 1 2 1 Heating Equipment For design utilize the 99 Occurrence value for outside air Dry Bulb Temperature TY Design Value F Process heating conditions are determined by the respective process requirements Note Spaces requiring comfort heating shall be maintained at temperatures no higher than 21 1 Cdb 70 Fdb During unoccupied hours temperatures shall be set no higher than12 8 Cdb 55 Fdb 20 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 3 2 1 2 2 Heating Inside Design Conditions for Laboratories Shops Warehouses etc Space Design conditions shall be 18 3 Cdb 65 Fdb during the Design Heating Day outside air conditions for areas with moderate activity employment 15 5 Cdb 60 Fdb for areas with heavy activity employment and 10 Cdb 50 Fdb for storage areas 3 2 1 3 Cooling Indoor Design Conditions Space Design conditions shall be 24 4 Cdb 76 Fdb amp 50 RH during the Design Cooling Day outside air conditions At all other than design day occupied times maintain the space within the Summer conditions shown in the latest edition of ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals but not less than 24 4 Cdb 76 Fdb 100 Outside Air systems shall operate continuously in Humid Areas to prevent mold growth Process cooling conditions are determined by the respective process requirements Note Spaces authorized comfort cooling shall be designed
15. PA IMC IPC ITG J amp A KPA LEED UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 APPENDIX E ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists Airflow Measuring Stations Air Force Occupational Safety and Health American National Standards Institute American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers American Society of Mechanical Engineers Anti Terrorism Bachelor Housing Celsius Constant Air Volume Celsius Dry Bulb Cubic Feet per Minute Carbon Monoxide Direct Digital Controls Department of Defense Energy Monitoring Control System Energy Policy Act of 2005 Fahrenheit Fahrenheit Dry Bulb Federal Energy Management Program Ground Coupled Heat Pump Gigahertz Gallon Per Minute Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning Hertz International Building Code Illuminating Engineering Society of North America International Ground Source Heat Pump Association International Mechanical Code International Plumbing Code Interim Technical Guide Justification amp Authorization Kilopascals Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Meters Millimeters National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants National Fire Protection Association Ozone Depleting Substances Occupational Safety and Health Administration Pascal Pressure Independent Pressure Reducing Valve Pounds per Square Inch Request for Proposal Relative Humidity 40 SCR SFPVAV SMACNA M
16. Solar System Cost 1000 Energy Contribution from Solar System Savings to Investment Ratio SIR Discount Payback years Annual Energy Saved MBtu yr MJ yr This completed and signed form must be included in the Basis of Design EFD EFA Approved Name Date 36 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 APPENDIX D STANDARD CONVERSIONS AND TABLES Table D 1 Fuel Conversion Factors Type of Fuel Conversion Factors See note a NE AN Anthracite Coal 28 4 Million Btu Short Ton EM 29 9 kJ kg Bituminous Coal 24 6 Million Btu Short Ton 25 9 kJ kg meus Electricity See note b D I No 2 Distillate Fuel Oil ee em ooo 37 7 MJ L LP Gas 95 500 Btu Gallon 26 6 MJ L Natural Gas 1 031 Btu Cubic Foot 38 5 MJ L Purchased or Steam from 1 000 Btu Pound See note c Central Plant 2 3 MJ kg Notes a At specific installations where the energy source Btu content is known to vary consistently by 10 or more from the values given below the local value may be used provided there is adequate data on file for two years or more to justify the revision and that this value is expected to hold true for at least five years following building occupancy b When 10 of more of a building s annual heating consumption will be derived from electric resistance heating the electric resistance portion shall be multiplied by a factor of 2 2 to reflect additional conversion losses c High temperature medium temperature or
17. Speed Drives Variable speed drives on pumps or fans shall not be manually adjusted to achieve system balance Balance systems to deliver design flows with variable speed drives 17 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 operating at between 55 and 60 Hz so that maximum operational flexibility is maintained Replace or adjust fan drive sheaves and throttle pump discharges to achieve system balance Consider trimming pump impellers on larger systems 2 8 OTHER HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT 2 8 1 Antiterrorism Design all inhabited buildings to meet the requirements of UFC 4 010 01 DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings and or Combatant Commander Anti terrorism Force Protection construction Standards 2 8 2 Conflicts Avoid conflicts with other disciplines and building features Most common are electric lights and diffusers electric duplex outlets and fin radiation rain leaders or soil stacks and ductwork bond beams or joists and ducts etc 2 8 3 Clearances and Equipment Service Space Ensure that all equipment will fit allotted space with manufacturers recommendations for service and maintenance space adopted Indicate on drawings filter and tube or coil pull areas for all major equipment including chillers boilers converters etc Verify adequate door dimensions to permit passage of equipment into mechanical spaces 2 8 3 1 Electrical Rooms No pipes pressure or gravity shall be installed within or pass throu
18. UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA UFC MECHANICAL ENGINEERING FINAL DRAFT APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA UFC MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at the point of use Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder U S ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND Preparing Activity AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT AGENCY Record of Changes changes are indicated by 1 1 1 1 Change No es ee es Ru UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 FOREWORD The Unified Facilities Criteria UFC system is prescribed by MIL STD 3007 and provides planning design construction sustainment restoration and modernization criteria and applies to the Military Departments the Defense Agencies and the DoD Field Activities in accordance with USD AT amp L Memorandum dated 29 May 2002 UFC will be used for all DoD projects and work for other customers where appropriate All construction outside of the United States is also governed by Status of forces Agreements SOFA Host Nation Funded Construction Agreements HNFA and in some instances Bilateral Infrastructure Agreements BIA Therefore the acquisition team must ensure compliance with the more stringent of the UFC the SOFA the HNFA and th
19. alves in the discharges of all closed circuit pumps and at all hydronic terminals For pipe sizes larger than 80 mm 3 inches a flow orifice combined with a butterfly valve shall be specified Install all flow control balancing valves in accordance with the manufacturer s recommendations regarding the minimum straight lengths of pipe up and downstream of the device Designers shall select the proper size flow control balancing valve for each application to ensure the devices are not oversized valves shall be selected using the median flow rating indicated in the manufacturer s published performance data Oversized flow control balancing valves yield inaccurate flow readings 2 7 3 Balancing Dampers Provide manual volume dampers for all main and branch ducts these should include all supply return and exhaust ducts Do not use splitter dampers or air extractors for air balancing neither are endorsed by SMACNA for balancing applications Provide opposed blade manual balancing damper for outside air Indicate opposed blade manual balancing dampers for both the main supply and return duct and the main relief duct on all return air fans dampers shall be in close proximity to the automatic return and relief dampers 2 7 4 Duct Leakage and Testing All new duct systems except ducts under 1 inch static pressure shall be leak tested unless the requirement is waived by the Government Refer to Appendix D for duct pressure table 2 7 5 Variable
20. ances dictate otherwise The orientation of all partial building or site plans shall be identical to that of the larger plan from which it is derived or referenced Consistency in drawing orientation shall be maintained with all disciplines 3 5 4 3 Legend Provide legends to clarify all symbols and abbreviations used on the mechanical drawings 3 5 4 4 Design Conditions Provide a schedule indicating indoor and outdoor design temperatures for each room type 3 5 4 5 Floor Plans Exercise judgment to avoid overly congested drawings When drawing congestion is likely ductwork and piping should not be shown on the same plan 3 5 4 6 Sections and Elevations Provide as required to supplement plan views 3 5 4 7 Enlarged Plans Mechanical rooms should be drawn at no less than 1 50 74 1 0 Congested mechanical rooms shall be drawn at no less than 1 20 72 1 0 Mechanical room plans should be supplemented by at least one section at least two sections for more complex congested applications 3 5 4 8 Schematic Diagrams Provide a 3 dimensional isometric diagram representing the mechanical room piping or a 2 dimensional diagram indicating the entire system 3 5 4 9 Kitchen Hood Diagram Provide a detailed air balance diagram on the drawings for every kitchen dining facility design to show compliance with the ventilation requirements Indicate required capture velocities and capture distances for all hoods on the drawings Provide
21. arters Indicate motor starter NEMA sizes in the mechanical equipment schedules 2 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 3 5 4 26 Control Valves Indicate flow rates minimum Cv or maximum pressure drop nominal valve size service i e steam hot water etc configuration i e 2 way or 3 way and action i e modulating or 2 position Use a Control Valve Schedule 3 5 4 27 Metric Valve Coefficient The metric version of the valve coefficient Kv is calculated in cubic meters per second at 1 kPa pressure drop Do not use Cv the English version on a metric project 3 5 4 28 Balance Valves Contract drawings shall specify the valve size and flow for each application When an existing system is modified provide all information required for re balancing in the construction documents Detail installation of all flow control balancing valves 3 5 4 29 Balance Dampers All dampers and their intended locations shall be clearly delineated on the floor plans 3 5 4 30 Control Diagrams Provide for all HVAC systems Show controller functions such as normally open NO normally closed NC common C etc Indicate all set points 3 5 4 31 Thermostats Show thermostat locations on the plans Identify heating cooling heating cooling and ventilation thermostats Indicate thermometer temperature ranges system operating temperature should be midrange on the graduated scale 3 5 4 32 Humidistats Show locations on drawings when requi
22. cker Room HVAC Systems Draw conditioned air into locker rooms from adjacent spaces and provide additional supply air as required This uses the outside air required for human occupancy in the adjacent spaces for secondary air conditioning of the locker space and maintains locker spaces at a negative pressure with respect to adjacent spaces No air shall be returned from the locker space to the building HVAC system 2 4 1 3 Closets in Bachelor Housing BH BH facilities shall be designed in accordance with UFC 4 721 10 Navy and Marine Corps Bachelor Housing In Humid Areas provide a Dedicated Makeup Air System 100 outside air supply register in each clothing closet in new BH modules sized to provide approximately 7 5 L s 15 CFM for humidity control 2 4 1 4 Outside Air Ducts Size outside air ducts for velocities a minimum of 4 1 m s 800 fom for accurate flow measurement Provide a straight duct of suitable length to facilitate an airflow measurement traverse Provide an air flow measuring station for VAV systems to verify proper outside air quantities Equipment layout shall allow for the straight duct length requirements of the air flow measuring station in accordance with the manufacturer s recommendations 2 4 1 5 Variable Speed Drives Select system equipment to deliver design flows so that maximum operational flexibility is maintained Verify fan performance at minimum and maximum operating points 2 4 1 6 Vibration and Noise Isolat
23. d be no higher than 1 2 meters 4 feet above the finish floor for ease of filling UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 2 4 2 12 Air Vents Provide in locations as required in the IMC Provide manual type vents where possible Use of automatic air vents is discouraged and should be minimized Pipe the drains from automatic vents away from concealed areas for visual inspection and to prevent damage to ceilings etc Provide manual shut off valves or stop cocks for automatic air vents 2 4 2 13 Drain Valves Provide drain valves at all low points in piping systems Pipe drain valves to floor drains where possible Where not possible provide hose connection 2 4 2 14 Check Valves Provide check valves to prevent backflow and at the discharge of most pumps When used in drain lines verify sufficient head to open flap to regain flow Provide non slam type on high head applications Provide damping type on air compressor discharges 2 4 2 15 Freeze Protection Design pipe temperature maintenance systems i e heat trace to the lowest recorded temperature in UFC 3 400 02 Engineering Weather Data 2 4 2 16 Underground Piping Systems Underground piping systems for steam condensate and chilled and hot water must be factory prefabricated pre insulated and direct bury type The Underground Heat Distribution System manufacturer is the company responsible for the design and manufacture of the pre engineered system The manufacturer directs the ins
24. d sealed termination at the top of the curb 3 5 4 18 Equipment Supports Show hanger rods and structural supports for all ceiling or roof mounted air handling units heating ventilating units fan coil units exhaust or supply fans expansion tanks etc in drawing details 3 5 4 19 Pressure Gauges Indicate pressure gauge ranges system operating pressures should be midrange on the graduated scale 3 5 4 20 Cold Water Make up Detail all accessories to include pressure reducing valves PRV relief valves and backflow preventers Show pressure reducing and relief valve pressure settings 3 5 4 21 Air Vents Show location of automatic and manual air vents required in piping systems 3 5 4 22 Drain Lines Show drain lines from air handling units fan coil units etc 3 5 4 23 Fouling Factors Indicate fouling factors for all water to air and water to water heat exchangers i e coils converters chillers etc Indicate in the appropriate equipment schedule Fouling factors shall be accompanied with their appropriate English or SI units 3 5 4 24 Equipment Schedules The HVAC equipment actually installed on a project may be different from that used as your basis of design Therefore mechanical equipment schedules shall reflect actual required equipment capacities as calculated not capacities provided by manufacturers catalog data This helps ensure that the installed equipment is optimally sized for the application 3 5 4 25 Motor St
25. e BIA as applicable UFC are living documents and will be periodically reviewed updated and made available to users as part of the Services responsibility for providing technical criteria for military construction Headquarters U S Army Corps of Engineers HQUSACE Naval Facilities Engineering Command NAVFAC and Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency AFCESA are responsible for administration of the UFC system Defense agencies should contact the preparing service for document interpretation and improvements Technical content of UFC is the responsibility of the cognizant DoD working group Recommended changes with supporting rationale should be sent to the respective service proponent office by the following electronic form Criteria Change Request CCR The form is also accessible from the Internet sites listed below UFC are effective upon issuance and are distributed only in electronic media from the following source e Whole Building Design Guide web site http dod wbdg org Hard copies of UFC printed from electronic media should be checked against the current electronic version prior to use to ensure that they are current AUTHORIZED BY DONALD L BASHAM P E DR JAMES W WRIGHT P E Chief Engineering and Construction Chief Engineer U S Army Corps of Engineers Naval Facilities Engineering Command KATHLEEN I FERGUSON P E Dr GET W MOY P E The Deputy Civil Engineer Director Installations Requirements and DCS In
26. e expected to drop below 5 degrees C 41 degrees F Avoid use of antifreeze but if necessary keep concentrations to a minimum Utilize condenser water circulating pumps with high efficiency motors Design them to operate near their peak of maximum efficiency 2 3 6 Refrigerants The use of Ozone Depleting Substances ODS as well as the qualifications and credentials of personnel servicing equipment that contains ODS is restricted Refrigerants shall have an Ozone Depletion Factor ODF of 0 055 or less The ODF shall be in accordance with the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer September 1987 sponsored by the United Nations Environment Program UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 2 3 7 Refrigerant Piping Avoid refrigerant piping runs longer than 15 meters 50 feet unless specifically allowed by the equipment manufacturer Size refrigerant piping in accordance with the manufacturer s recommendations 2 4 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 2 4 1 Air Distribution 2 4 1 1 Air Change The quantity of supply air shall be sufficient to provide a minimum of four air changes per hour within the conditioned space If the supply air quantity determined from the sensible cooling load does not provide four air changes room air may be mixed with conditioned air in a fan powered terminal to increase the quantity of supply air Use a maximum ceiling height of 3 1 meters 10 feet when calculating air changes per hour 2 4 1 2 Lo
27. ean Coincident Average Values Wet Bulb Temperature F for the Design Cooling Day 3 2 1 1 2 Humid Area Facilities Specialized De humidification Systems and 100 Outside Air Systems For design utilize the 1 Occurrence value of outside air Dry Bulb Temperature T Design Value F and the Mean Coincident Average Values Wet Bulb Temperature F for the Design Cooling Day Also design for Maximum Humidity conditions using the 1 0 Occurrence value of outside air Humidity Ratio HR Design Value gr Ib and the Mean Coincident Average Values Dry Bulb Temperature F 3 2 1 1 3 Other Typical Facilities and Systems For design utilize the 1 Occurrence value of outside air Dry Bulb Temperature T Design Value F and the Mean Coincident Average Values Wet Bulb Temperature F for the Design Cooling Day 3 2 1 1 4 Cooling Towers or Evaporative Cooling Equipment For sizing utilize the Median of Extreme Highs value for outside air Wet Bulb Temperature T Design Value F and the Mean Coincident Average Values Dry Bulb Temperature T for the Design Cooling Day 3 2 1 2 Heating Indoor Design Conditions Space Design conditions shall be 21 1 Cdb 70 Fdb amp a minimum of 30 RH during the Design Heating Day outside air conditions At all other than design day occupied times maintain the space within the Winter conditions shown in ASHRAE Handbook of
28. eeseeeeaeeeseesees 26 APPENDIX A REFERENCE rererere n e E TEN E E E E E EN 30 APPENDIX B BESI PRACTICES cssccsccccsconecasseonessnseonaceneconasonqcavasocedasscenedenenonedavesennders 33 Bs HVAC SUSIOITIS ee ERIDIUPMEDINIMIISI UNIUS ETIN 33 zSAZMEEC II I c een E ee ee ee H 33 p 9 COOMO TOWOES a eee en orba eee ree 33 APPENDIX C ENERGY FORMS os ccc stacmcasaeutecaanentacuencetnentacuiuensnentucnenmancegenanucasuentecodatds 34 1 1 Energy and Solar Analysis Forms 0ccccccccceececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeaeeeas 34 APPENDIX D STANDARD CONVERSIONS and TABLES eese 37 APPENDIX E ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS cccccceeeceeseeeeeeteeeeeessaeeees 40 Table 3 1 D 1 D 2 D 3 D 4 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 TABLES Title DDC Minimum Points List 0 ccc eee ec ecececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneenaes 29 Fuel Conversion Factors c ccccecececececececeeeeeceeeeeeeeaeeeeaeeeeeeeeeeteeenanaes 37 Metric PIpe Size Edgulvaletie8 isses Peak Pevbaka a ik Eo ea Fabre E Arb ea Pagi ua Rada 38 Metric Ductwork Dimensions essseeeemm IRI Imre 38 Ductwork Construction and Leakage Testing 39 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE The purpose of this document is to provide technical guidance and outline technical requirements for the more typical aspects of the mechanical engi
29. em during frequent part load conditions commonly experienced in humid coastal locations 2 4 1 10 2 Utilize computerized load calculations based on the ASHRAE Transfer Function Method Select all central air handling equipment and central plant equipment for block loads Spread diversity through the supply ducts taking full diversity at the air handling unit and lessening diversity when moving away from the air handling unit toward the VAV terminal units until no diversity is taken at the distant VAV terminal run outs 2 4 1 10 3 Design for both peak and part load conditions minimal wall transmission load low occupancy etc VAV Systems shall provide acceptable air circulation and proper outside air for all conditioned spaces regardless of the loading conditions 2 4 1 10 4 Address the psychrometric performance of the cooling coils with full consideration of the method of capacity control and its limitations during part load conditions when the sensible heat ratio can be significantly reduced Submit part load design calculations Check the fan operating characteristics throughout the range from the minimum to the maximum flow conditions that will be experienced Evaluate the off peak turndown requirements for the main air handler VAV fan Do not utilize discharge dampers or inlet vanes for air flow modulation Provide variable frequency drives for air volume modulation 2 4 1 10 5 Design a positive means of maintaining ventilation ra
30. et to the CAV terminal box for periodic inspection and cleaning 2 4 1 10 6 Utilize the static regain method in design of the supply ductwork Design return ductwork using the equal friction method 2 4 1 10 7 Provide control for a constant cooling supply air temperature Resetting the supply air temperature upwards increases the coil sensible heat ratio and results in elevated space relative humidity 2 4 1 10 8 Provide electronic controls pneumatic controls present problems with repeatability and maintenance 2 4 1 10 9 Locate the static pressure sensor for modulating fan capacity two thirds to three quarters the distance from the supply fan to the end of the main trunk duct Locate in straight run of ductwork Provide static pressure reset in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 90 1 Provide protection against over pressurization of the supply duct system Utilize pressure independent PI terminal units Do not use light troffer return units Light troffers reduce room sensible loads with undesirable effects on room air changes and outdoor ventilation distribution Control the cooling coil capacity especially in the more humid climates VAV is inherently one of the best of the chilled water systems for air conditioning in tropical climates 2 4 1 10 10 Do not utilize DX VAV systems without prior approval of the Government Project Manager Direct expansion equipment shall be specifically designed and manufactured for VAV applications The sa
31. etering devices Fans Air Handling Units Chillers Boilers Closed Circuit Coolers and Cooling Towers IO roa 3 4 2 10 Heat Gain Calculations Perform heat gain calculations for duct systems using 90 insulation efficiency Include heat gain from chilled water pumps on the chilled water system Size terminal cooling coils with the effects of pump heat gain considered 3 4 2 11 Duct Leakage Calculations Provide for high pressure systems 746 Pascals or greater 3 inches of water column or greater Calculate the expectant duct 24 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 leakage based on the designer s requirements for the duct seal and leakage classes for each duct system using the latest edition of the SMACNA HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual 3 5 DRAWINGS Drawings shall be sufficiently complete to indicate all aspects of installation Where alternate methods or systems are intended drawings must detail both alternatives Judgement should be exercised to avoid overly congested drawings 3 5 1 Drawing units Unless otherwise authorized the SI system of measurement shall be utilized on the drawings in accordance with UFC 1 300 09N Design Procedures Metric and English pipe sizes are listed in Table D 2 in Appendix D 3 5 2 Seismic Show all pertinent seismic detailing on the contract drawings 3 5 3 Plumbing Drawings 3 5 3 1 Demolition Demolition plans should be separate and distinct from new work pla
32. for inside temperatures no lower than 24 4 Cdb 76 Fdb During unoccupied hours cooling systems shall be secured where appropriate 3 3 BASIS OF DESIGN 3 3 1 Plumbing Basis of Design Address the following 3 3 1 1 Design Criteria Identify the governing codes and criteria including federal and military handbooks utilized for the design Include the titles and the date of the latest edition or publication References to codes and criteria should be made in the narratives of the Basis of Design 3 3 1 2 Estimated Water Demand Estimate the water demand in L s gpm based on the type and number of fixtures required for each building 3 3 1 3 Water Pressure Indicate the minimum and maximum water pressure in kPa psi at each building Indicate if booster pumping will be required 3 3 1 4 Domestic Hot Water Indicate the type size and design water temperature of the domestic water heater and the distribution system Indicate the extent of domestic hot water recirculation within the building If shown economically feasible by life cycle cost analysis state whether heat recovery will be utilized 3 3 1 5 Special Mechanical Systems Provide a description of special mechanical systems such as compressed air hydraulic nitrogen lubrication oil etc 3 3 1 6 Backflow Prevention Identify the systems and fixtures requiring backflow preventers 21 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 3 3 2 Mechanical Basis of Design Address the follo
33. gh electrical or communication rooms 2 8 4 Seismic Pipe and duct supports must comply with the requirements of SMACNA Seismic Restraint Manual Provide details to structural engineer for support verification and sizing UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 CHAPTER 3 DESIGN ANALYSIS AND DOCUMENTATION 3 1 GENERAL 3 1 1 Field Investigation Conduct detailed field investigation and interview the appropriate field personnel Do not rely solely on the as built drawings 3 1 2 Energy Studies The design A amp E shall satisfy the energy conservation requirements in accordance with UFC 3 400 01 3 1 3 Energy Standard All new facilities and major renovation projects shall conform to ASHRAE IESNA Standard 90 1 Note that compliance with this Standard imposes Architectural Mechanical and Electrical requirements on the design of the facility Provide solar analysis for Design Build projects when required in Project Program Provide the following for Design Bid Build projects 3 1 3 1 Energy Analysis Form The number and type of alternatives to be analyzed shall be based on project information provided in the scope of work The Energy Analysis Form Form E 1 shall be submitted with the proposed alternatives and zones and shall be accompanied with the best available floor plan clearly depicting the zones Upon submission to the Government by the design A amp E at the project concept stage the Government will review the recommendations and
34. h of the exhaust flue should be minimized To minimize condensation run the flue horizontally with a slight pitch down from the heater to a sidewall exit Heaters should be properly braced where excessive movement such as by wind through an open hangar bay door may cause separation of radiant pipe sections and rupture of gas connections Consider condensing type IR heaters for larger applications Provide sufficient overhead ventilation for condensing type IR heaters to carry water vapor out of the building 2 3 COOLING GENERATING SYSTEMS 2 3 1 Condensing Temperatures The design condensing temperature for air cooled condensers chillers etc must be ambient design temperature plus 2 8 degrees C 5 degrees F dry bulb 2 3 2 Chilled Water Systems Chiller manufacturers recommend minimum system volumes to prevent short cycling of the chiller s to promote long chiller life and good chilled water temperature control especially in smaller chilled water systems In small systems it may be necessary to install an inertia tank in the chilled water loop to achieve the required minimum system volume Check the requirements of the chiller manufacturer and provide an insulated UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 inertia tank of sufficient volume when required Install the chilled water storage tank downstream of the chiller and upstream of the cooling coils Provide calculations to demonstrate compliance with this requirement Volumes for component
35. h zone with set point adjustment a Supply air temperature b Supply air static pressure c Supply airflow rate d Outside air temperature e Return air temperature f Mixed air temperature g Discharge temperature from each heating or cooling coil h Filter status i Supply return damper positions j Outside air damper positions k Chilled water valve positions Hot water valve positions m Electric heater status on off and number of stages energized or power n Freezestat o Smoke detector p Supply fan start stop q Supply fan speed control r Supply fan run status s Supply fan fault status t Exhaust fan run status u Outside air fan run status v Heat recovery wheel rotation status 29 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 APPENDIX A REFERENCES Utilize the latest Code or standard edition applicable including any amendments at the time of award of contract Where there is a conflict between Naval Criteria and National Codes follow Naval Criteria Refer to CCB for other applicable criteria Comply with the required and advisory portions All work shall comply with the latest edition of all applicable criteria standards and codes including but not limited to the following GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS Federal Energy Management Program FEMP Energy Star Program Military Handbooks Standards DM 3 05 Design Manual for Compressed Air and Vacuum Systems MIL HDBK 1013 1A Design Guidelines for P
36. hysical Security of Facilities MIL HDBK 1012 3 Telecommunication Premises Distribution Planning Design and Estimating AF ETL 04 3 Design Criteria for Prevention of Mold in Air Force Facilities Unified Facilities Criteria UFC UFC 1 300 09 Design Procedures UFC 1 200 01 General Building Requirements UFC 3 100 10N Architecture UFC 3 400 01 Design Energy Conservation UFC 3 410 02N Design Heating Ventilating Air Conditioning and Dehumidifying Systems UFC 3 410 04N Design Industrial Ventilation Systems UFC 3 400 02 Engineering Weather Data UFC 3 420 01 Design Plumbing Systems UFC 3 430 08N Design Central Heating Plants UFC 3 430 09N Design Exterior Mechanical Utility Distribution 30 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 UFC 3 460 01 Design Petroleum Fuel Facilities Draft UFC 3 580 10 Draft Design Navy and Marine Corps Intranet NMCI Standard Construction Practices UFC 3 600 01 Design Fire Protection Engineering for Facilities UFC 3 600 10N Fire Protection Engineering UFC 4 010 01 Design DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings UFC 4 510 01 Design Medical Military Facilities UFC 4 721 10 Design Navy And Marine Corps Bachelor Housing Standard Government publications are available at www hnd usace army mil techinfo UFC are available at http 65 204 17 188 report doc ufc html NON GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers
37. iant heating systems for hangars and other large open areas B 2 CHILLERS B 2 1 Specify efficiency based on IPLV part load efficiency unless chiller is expected to mostly fully loaded B 3 COOLING TOWERS B 3 1 Use induced draft fans instead of forced draft fans B 3 2 Use variable speed fan motors for capacity control for fans of two horsepower and over B 3 3 Design tower based on ASHRAE 0 4 design wet bulb temperature 33 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 APPENDIX C ENERGY FORMS 1 1 ENERGY AND SOLAR ANALYSIS FORMS Contact the Mechanical Engineering Branch prior to submitting any forms for applicability or if you have any questions The Energy Analysis Form Form E 1 and solar Analysis Form Form S 1 shall be submitted to the Mechanical Engineering Branch for review and recommendations 34 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 Energy Analysis Form E 1 Constr Contr No Building Information l Estimated Cooling tons kW Project No P Number of Zones Building Floor Area sf sm Project Title Zone Descriptions attach annotated floor plan Location A amp E Firm Energy Analysis Program check one BLAST Carrier Ec 20 11 HAP DOE 2 1 Trane Trace Ultra Other Indicate provide documentation Study Alternatives Alternatives FOR GOVERNMENT USE ONLY Describe heating ventilation and cooling systems list primary amp terminal equipment energy source stea
38. ign dining facilities in accordance with UFC 4 722 01 and so that air flows from dining areas to kitchen areas to provide make up air for kitchen exhausts Maximize the use of dining area make up air to the kitchen as this will provide secondary cooling for the kitchen staff If additional make up air is required for kitchen exhausts provide push pull kitchen hoods with built in heated make up air supply Design kitchen hoods in accordance with UFC 4 722 01 Kitchen hoods with built in make up air shall be of the horizontal face discharge type Short circuit hoods are prohibited Provide control interlocks for supply and exhaust fans to ensure that the HVAC system balance is maintained and that the proper direction of airflow is maintained during normal operations Do not utilize evaporative coolers on kitchen supply air in humid areas The increased humidity of the ventilation air will negate any small cooling affect Provide fire suppression system for hoods in accordance with UFC 3 600 10N Fire Protection Engineering 2 4 7 Industrial Ventilation Systems 2 4 7 1 General Design industrial ventilation systems in accordance with the latest edition of ndustrial Ventilation A Manual of Recommended Practice published by American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists ACGIH For Navy projects also comply with UFC 3 410 04N Air Force projects shall comply with AFOSH Standard 161 2 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 2 4 7 2 Design
39. il Engineering Office where the project is located for number and type of personnel to attend 2 6 4 5 Provide Silicon Control Rectifiers SCRs when precise control is required 2 6 4 6 Provide hardware equipment utilizing the latest technology which will accomplish the desired control with a processor speed of not less than 1 1 GHz 2 6 4 7 Where direct drive fan packages are not available for rooftop fan applications provide current sensing devices on fan motors to alarm for broken drive belts UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 2 6 5 Multiple Chillers When multiple chillers are provided control the chillers by a single central chiller control panel provided by the chiller manufacturer This is to ensure that the chillers are loaded and unloaded optimally for best performance reliability and energy efficiency Provide connection and communication between the chiller panel and the DDC system 2 7 SYSTEMS TESTING amp BALANCING 2 7 1 Balancing Valves and Cocks Provide calibrated balancing valves for hydronic balance The designer shall specify the size of the balancing valves required in each application cognizant of the required differential pressure requirements in the pipe systems do not assume line size valves as appropriate for the application A balancing device is required in coil bypasses only when coil drops are in excess of 6 kPa 2 feet w g 2 7 2 Flow Control Balancing Valves Provide flow control balancing v
40. iler Systems sesssseeeeeseeeneee 4 ZZ AGONIDUSIIOD AIF oio eor EHIEHEREEEREETREE SEPEHEIREHFHETOIEEE RHEINE RII PHONE 4 2 2 5 Steam Healing eorr reet ee eh eta peius dert mm idunt tss et U ded 4 2 2 6 Infra Red Gas Radiant Heaters ssseeseeseessssss 4 2 3 COOLING GENERATING SYSTEMS eerte 4 2 3 1 Condensing Temperatures sseseseseeenee 4 2 92 Chilled Water SVySIOIMISusosescinesutmqu d dudas putida tuba Ic ds qp Iu ped MU Det rut aad ad 4 VOR ZEEICII I EE 5 2 94 Goolirnd TOWGIS ereere iieri EE EE E ene T E N fun Sene dex vdd 5 2 3 5 Ground Coupled Heat Pump GCHP System Design Guidance 5 2 30 1101 en ne en ene ee ee ee ee eee 6 2 3 BMeITgerant NON aa idest seen ecg r A ott sees den 7 24 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS coros terse tener sesesesewesesesestepecsesenceesdecesuentecaceaue 7 2 4 1 Alr DIS UID UO 7 2 4 2 Water ISU OI onc pO PET EDESS PME TEN PPP DPEDPPCEF TIED EUREU SED ESQUPS TUE 12 2 4 3 Building Exhaust System ssesseseseeeenenee 13 2 4 4 Fire Station Diesel Exhaust eeeeeeeeeeeee 14 2 4 5 Maintenance Bay Vehicle Exhaust sseseeeeeeeseeese 14 2 4 6 Kitchen Galley HVAC Systems seeeesseeeeeeeeee 14 2 4 7 Industrial Ventilation S
41. ion Where vibration and or noise isolation is required provide a vibration isolator schedule on the drawings indicating type of isolator application and deflection in mm inches 2 4 1 7 Access Panels Provide access panels in floors walls and ceilings except in lay in tile applications as required to access valves smoke dampers fire dampers balancing dampers balancing valves air vents drains duct coils filters UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 equipment etc Indicate location and size on drawings Verify that the dimensions will yield reasonable accessibility 2 4 1 8 Equipment Supports Provide for vibration isolation where required and schedule the vibration isolation components on the drawings Coordinate with and provide hardware required to meet Anti terrorism requirements in UFC 4 010 01 and seismic requirements in accordance with UFC 1 200 01 All equipment mounted on a roof must be fastened to the building as recommended by the structural engineer 2 4 1 9 Space Noise Levels Design and install systems to maintain noise levels below those recommended in the ASHRAE Handbooks 2 4 1 10 Variable Air Volume VAV HVAC System Design Guidance The guidelines that follow are intended to complement the guidance and requirements of ASHRAE 2 4 1 10 1 Do not oversize the system Do not add safety factors in the load calculations Safety factors not only have the ramification of added cost but also penalize the syst
42. m electric mech etc amp air or water cooled heat rejection A Approved AN Approved as Noted D Disapproved amp Resubmit This completed and signed form must be included in the Basis of Design EFD EFA Approved Name Date 35 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 Solar Analysis Form S 1 Constr Contr No Building Information Escalation Dates Eeee te nde Contract Award Month Year e Se B O D Month Year Project Title Contingency oJ nmm X Solar System Analyzed check one Location DHW Space Heating Domestic Hot Water A amp E Firm Recovery Rate Per Hour gph Lph Back up Energy Source check one Oil Steam Oil Electric Gas Steam Coal Other Building Floor Area sf sm Number of Occupants Compass Direction of Collector normal Study Results In view of recent past studies for active solar utilization at this location which clearly indicated solar energy not to be feasible solar was not studied for this specific project A life cycle cost solar analysis was performed by Results indicate a solar system as described above is not feasible for this project L_ A life cycle cost solar analysis was performed by Results indicate a solar system as described above is cost effective The following solar study results apply Solar Design Cost 1000 Solar Collector Area sf sm
43. maximize the means to troubleshoot remotely thus reducing the frequency for above ceiling access by maintenance personnel e Utilize electronic controls for VAV boxes mounted in high areas f Specify the integral mounting of communication ports for the VAV box digital controllers to the room zone temperature sensor When occupied unoccupied modes of control are required of the VAV system specify remote momentary override switch mounted integral to the room zone temperature sensors to permit non standard schedule operation during unoccupied modes 2 4 1 10 18 Fan powered VAV terminal boxes can be noisy Perform an acoustic analysis to ensure designs are within acceptable NC criteria noise levels Pay particular attention to noise attenuation in locations where the boxes are installed in spaces without dropped ceilings Analyze potential for sound breakout from main supply air ducts Provide attenuation as required Do not provide acoustical duct liner for attenuation 2 4 1 11 Duct Lining Duct lining shall only be used for room to room transfer applications Increase the duct dimensions as required Acoustical duct lining shall not serve as thermal insulation for duct 2 4 1 12 Fire Dampers Provide fire dampers and access panels in ductwork penetrating fire rated walls and floors in accordance with NFPA 904A 2 4 1 13 Flexible Connections Provide flexible connections in ductwork at equipment Support duct at flexible connections to ensu
44. me manufacturer shall provide central air handling units VAV boxes zone dampers and zone controls Airflow through the evaporator coils shall not be modulated Provide duct mounted zone control damper units with integral control box designed for use with DX VAV packaged systems Self modulating air diffusers will not be allowed 2 4 1 10 11 Provide round or flat oval duct systems for primary air on all VAV supply systems Utilize round ducts wherever space availability permits 2 4 1 10 12 Proper VAV box primary air entry conditions are critical for achieving stable accurate airflow delivery Every effort must be made to avoid high turbulence in the proximity of the VAV terminal flow sensor Design the primary air duct branches to the VAV terminals with a straight duct section of at least 6 to 8 duct diameters more if UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 required by specific manufacturers Reducer and increaser duct fittings installed immediately upstream of the VAV terminal connection collars are prohibited If the branch duct size is other than the VAV terminal connection collar size install the reducer or increaser fitting upstream of the aforementioned straight duct section 2 4 1 10 13 Primary air connections to VAV terminals should always be with a rigid duct If a section of flexible duct or a flexible connection is required for vibration control limit the length to no more than 305 mm 12 inches and ensure that it is placed at
45. mine the minimum U factors Calculate U factors for all composite wall and roof systems using the latest edition of ASHRAE Fundamentals Include cross sections drawings of all wall and roof systems to supplement the calculations 3 4 2 2 Building Exhaust Calculations Calculate exhaust requirements for removal of heat fumes dust and vapors in various spaces in accordance with ASHRAE Provide a building exhaust summary 3 4 2 3 Outside Air Requirements Calculations Calculate the outside air ventilation requirements as prescribed by the latest edition of ASHRAE Standard 62 Calculations must consider the factors of Multiple Spaces Ventilation Effectiveness and Intermittent or Variable Occupancy as specified in ASHRAE Standard 62 Provide a summary showing compliance with the ventilation requirements 23 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 3 4 2 4 Building Air Balance Calculations Provide air balance calculations addressing the relationship between supply return outside air and exhaust air quantities and indicating pressurization Special requirements for space pressurization shall be reflected and referenced in the air balance calculations 3 4 2 5 Heating and Cooling Load Calculations Use of professionally recognized nationally used computerized load calculating program is required Load calculations are required for each room or zone by the ASHRAE method indicated in the latest edition of the Fundamen
46. n speed control utilized 3 speed fan switch or solid state speed control 2 4 1 10 17 When it is necessary to install VAV terminals at high elevations above finished floors service and maintenance accessibility must be carefully analyzed Where mounting heights are in excess of 3 6 m 12 feet above finished floors special accommodations are necessary a Do not use fan powered VAV boxes in such locations since there are many serviceable components involved Instead consider using non fan powered terminal boxes for use in high mounting height locations to eliminate the need for fan servicing and filter change access b When DDC controls are installed specify the installation of the DDC digital controller to facilitate ease of access c If scaffolding scissor lifts ladders or other means is required to access VAV units special considerations must be made Be sure clear floor area is available below the VAV boxes to facilitate the means of access i e 10 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 scaffolding etc and in an area that will be likely to remain clear of permanent or semi permanent equipment or furnishings d When DDC controls are provided for VAV boxes specify the ability to monitor VAV box hot water control valve position if provided with hot water coils control damper position primary airflow flow sensor pressure differential and box leaving supply air temperature The means to monitor VAV box function will
47. nce FY05 02 NAVFAC Humid Area HVAC Design Criteria Humid areas are defined in paragraph 5 1 4 of the Interim Technical Guidance 2 1 7 Economizer Cycles Economizer cycles are not allowed in areas defined as humid in Interim Technical Guide FY05 02 Contact the Government Project Manager for other areas 2 1 8 Building Pressurization Maintain the building under positive pressure in order to negate infiltration 2 2 HEAT GENERATING SYSTEMS 2 2 1 Boilers Install boiler s and associated hot water pumps in a mechanical room inside the facility unless otherwise noted in the Project Program Passageways around all sides of boilers shall have an unobstructed width of 1 meter 3 feet or the clearances recommended by the boiler manufacturer whichever is greater 2 2 1 1 Multiple Boilers In multiple boiler installations the lead boiler should operate up to full capacity prior to starting the next boiler During heating season multiple boilers should be kept warm and ready should the lead boiler fail to operate 2 2 1 2 Boiler Procurement DoD policy requires that boilers procured be ASME certified 2 2 1 3 Boiler Emissions Boilers must comply with regulatory requirements under the Clean Air Act regarding Title V and New Source Review permits programs as well as requirements under New Source Performance Standards and National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants NESHAP Contact the local or regional Public Works Department
48. neering portion of Architect Engineer A E contracts for the Naval Facilities Engineering Command NAVFAC The information provided in this guide shall be utilized by mechanical designers in the development of the plans specifications calculations and Design Build Request for Proposals RFP and shall serve as the minimum mechanical design requirements Project conditions may dictate the need for design that exceeds these minimum requirements 1 2 APPLICABILITY This document is applicable to the traditional mechanical services customary for Design Bid Build construction contracts and for Design Build construction contracts 1 3 REFERENCES Appendix A contains the list of references used in this document Furthermore this document references UFC 1 200 01 General Building Requirements except as modified herein 1 4 COMMUNICATIONS Direct communication with the government s project manager and mechanical reviewer is encouraged This may avoid unnecessary re submittal of plans and specifications due to a misunderstood comment The reviewer s name phone number and email address can be found on the comment sheets 1 5 ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS Local and regional requirements may differ from those included herein Contact the Government Project Manager for guidance 1 6 PERMITS CONSTRUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL amp OTHER Obtain the permits necessary for environmental construction and operation of facilities Pay any fees associated
49. nformation 2 3 5 6 Regulatory requirements for vertical wells vary widely among States some regulations require partial or full grouting of the borehole The State of Virginia for example requires bentonite or cement grout seals in the top 6 1 meters 20 feet of a borehole while North Carolina requires a full depth seal A full depth bentonite seal however is not necessary the wells in N C may be grouted with cement mixed with soil from the bore drilling Confirm with the Government Project Manager and consult current state and federal regulations as well as relevant building codes 2 3 5 The thermal conductivity of grouting materials is typically low when compared to the conductivity of native soils Grout acts as an insulator and will thus hinder heat transfer to the well field When governing regulations permit consider the following alternatives a Reduce the quantity of grout to an absolute minimum Fine sand may be used as backfill where permitted but caution must be exercised to ensure the interstitial soace between pipe and borehole is filled to enhance conductivity b Utilize thermally enhanced grout Consult ASHRAE Commercial Institutional Ground Source Heat Pump Engineering Manual Reduce the borehole diameter as much as possible to reduce the insulating effects of grout or backfill 2 3 5 8 In geographic areas with heating dominated climates an antifreeze solution may be required if condenser loop temperatures ar
50. notes and contractor instructions on plans indicating that fan airflows shown for hoods are approximate and requiring the contractor to balance the system to achieve the capture velocities indicated The scheduled fan and motor size shall allow for adjustment of the airflow 3 5 4 10 Details Details shall be edited to reflect the configurations and construction materials shown on the plans 3 5 4 11 Flow and Slope Arrows Indicate the flow direction of pipe on the drawings Show slope direction and rate of slope on all piping systems 26 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 3 5 4 12 Duct Construction Classifications Indicate duct static pressure seal and leakage classifications on the drawings in accordance with SMACNA HVAC Air Duct Leakage Test Manual 3 5 4 13 Guides for Piping Show pipe guide locations on all aboveground anchored piping 3 5 4 14 Pipe Anchors Show anchor locations on plans Provide anchor detail s 3 5 4 15 Duct Lining Indicate acoustical duct lining where required on the drawings Drawings shall indicate the inside clear dimensions of ducts with acoustical duct lining 3 5 4 16 Door Louvers Show location or coordinate with architectural drawings 3 5 4 17 Roof Fans Details of roof exhaust fans shall include a requirement for airtight seals between the fan frame and the wood nailer of the roof curb The details shall require the duct of ducted exhaust fans to extend up through the fan curb to a flanged an
51. ns 3 5 3 2 Orientation Provide north arrows an all building and site plans The orientation of plumbing drawings shall be arranged with the north arrow toward the top of the plotted sheets unless overriding circumstances dictate otherwise The orientation of all partial building or site plans shall be identical to that of the larger plan from which it is derived or referenced Consistency in drawing orientation shall be maintained with all disciplines 3 5 3 3 Legend Provide legends to clarify all symbols and abbreviations used on the plumbing drawings 3 5 3 4 Enlarged Plans Enlarged plans shall be drawn at no less than 1 50 74 1 0 3 5 3 5 Riser Diagrams Provide separate waste and water riser diagrams for all fixture groupings All riser diagrams shall be drawn 3 dimensional flat 2 dimensional risers are unacceptable and shall account for all pipe directional changes indicated on the floor plans 3 5 3 6 Plumbing Fixture Schedule Provide a fixture schedule utilizing fixture designations coordinated with the contract specifications 25 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 3 5 4 Mechanical Drawings 3 5 4 1 Demolition Demolition plans should be separate and distinct from new work plans 3 5 4 2 Orientation Provide north arrows an all building and site plans The orientation of mechanical drawings shall be arranged with the north arrow toward the top of the plotted sheets unless overriding circumst
52. ort compliance with this Standard including a narrative describing the method of compliance descriptions of building systems and components to be incorporated and computer analysis discussion input and output Provide a signed statement by a registered mechanical engineer indicating compliance with ASHRAE Standard 90 1 3 4 CALCULATIONS 3 4 1 Plumbing Calculations Plumbing system design shall comply with the requirements of UFC 3 420 01 The following calculations are required 3 4 1 1 Domestic Hot Water Heating Calculate the hot water storage and demand requirements of the facility Indicate the basis for the calculations including the incoming and storage water temperatures the facility type fixture types fixture quantities and the demand and storage factors 3 4 1 2 Domestic Water Pressure Calculations Determine the sufficiency of the water pressure available at the building to meet the required minimum fixture outlet pressure Provide detailed pressure loss calculations including losses attributed to meters fittings pipe backflow preventers and pipe risers 3 4 1 3 Domestic Hot Water Recirculation Reference the plumbing code by which the domestic hot water recirculation rate is calculated Calculate the recirculation rate and the recirculation pump head 3 4 2 Mechanical Calculations The following calculations are required 3 4 2 1 U Factor Calculations Utilize the latest edition of ASHRAE Standard 90 1 to deter
53. products and provides recommended efficiencies and life cycle data The FEMP website is at http www eren doe gov femp For product groups where Energy otar labels are not yet available select products that are in the upper 2596 of energy efficiency as designated by FEMP 2 1 4 Sustainable Design Integrate sustainable development principles into the mechanical system selection and design Refer to NAVFAC Instruction 9830 1 Sustainable Development Policy and utilize the U S Green Building Council s LEED Green building Rating System as a tool to apply sustainable development principles and as a metric to measure the sustainability achieved through the planning design and construction processes 2 1 5 Indoor Environmental Quality and Mold Provide outside air ventilation as prescribed by the latest edition of ASHRAE Standard 62 Consider the factors of Multiple Spaces Ventilation Effectiveness and Intermittent or Variable Occupancy as specified in ASHRAE Standard 62 The building and mechanical system must be designed and constructed to prevent the growth of mold Refer to UFC 3 800 10N Environmental Engineering for Facility 2 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 Construction for additional information and requirements Air Force facilities must comply with AF ETL 04 3 2 1 6 Humid Areas All heating ventilating and air conditioning designs in humid areas must comply with the requirements of the Interim Technical Guida
54. ption of the ventilation system proposed Indicate the outside air ventilation rates in cfm person L s person for various room types The prescribed rates must be in compliance with the latest edition of ASHRAE 62 Describe the operation of the ventilation system in summer and winter modes Indicate the number of outside air changes per hour in various areas the type of infiltration and whether OSHA requirements are applicable 3 3 2 6 Cooling System Provide a description of the cooling system proposed including an explanation of why this system is preferred over others Indicate locations of major components of the system Identify special humidification or dehumidification requirements Indicate ASHRAE Standard filter efficiencies and any other special filtration requirements 3 3 2 7 HVAC Control System Briefly describe the HVAC control system type and its functions If applicable indicate a requirement to tie into an existing Base wide EMCS 3 3 2 8 Sustainable Design Briefly describe all energy and water conservation features systems and components used in the project and the expected energy savings Describe all features being utilized for lead credits and include the completed LEED forms 22 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 3 3 2 9 Energy Conservation Provide mechanical system based on lowest life cycle cost Provide completed compliance forms provided in ASHRAE 90 1 User s Manual and any additional documentation to supp
55. re proper alignment 2 4 1 14 Flexible Duct Flexible duct lengths shall not exceed 1829 mm 6 feet 2 4 1 15 Louvers Provide rain or storm proof louvers at wall intakes and exhausts Indicate dimensions airflow rate and air pressure drop Consider the potential for carry over of wind driven rain 2 4 1 16 Screens Provide insect or bird screens as applicable at all building intakes and exhausts 2 4 1 17 Door Louvers Size for minimal pressure drop UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 2 4 2 Water Distribution 2 4 2 1 Variable Speed Drives Select system equipment to deliver design flows so that maximum operational flexibility is maintained Verify pump performance at minimum and maximum operating points 2 4 2 2 Chilled Water Pumps Provide a dedicated primary pump and condenser water pump for each chiller Provide piping and valve configuration that allows each chiller to operate with any primary pump and with any condenser water pump Provide back up or standby pumps so that the total system capacity is available with any one pump out of service 2 4 2 3 Hot Water Pumps Provide back up or standby pumps so that the total system capacity is available with any one pump out of service 2 4 2 4 Piping systems When terminal equipment loads are relatively equal in percentage of total load design closed system piping using reverse return method 2 4 2 5 Pressure and Temperature Taps Provide pressure and temperature taps Pe
56. red 3 5 4 33 Controls Show system control schematics and a detailed written sequence of controls on the drawings for each mechanical system Describe all controlled equipment operating modes sequence of events set points and alarms For Direct Digital Control DDC systems include an input output points list and a system architecture schematic Table 3 1 indicates a minimum points list per system to be used as applicable 3 5 4 34 Ductwork Testing Indicate those HVAC duct systems to be leak tested on the contract drawings Specify the test type and test pressure for each duct system supply air return air exhaust air and outside air ductwork subject to testing See Duct Construction Classifications 3 5 4 35 Site Work Show the type and routing of the heat source conveyance system on the drawings Exterior above and below grade steam and condensate distribution and below grade chilled and hot water distribution plans shall be accompanied by profile drawings Profile drawings shall clearly depict all other utilities in the proximity of the new work 28 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 Table 3 1 DDC Minimum Points List Hot Water Heating System VAV System a Hot water pump status Hot water supply temperature Hot water return temperature Hot water flow rate e Hot water mixing valve position f Differential pressure across pump g Boiler status h Alarms i Heat exchanger inlet temperatures j Heat exchanger lea
57. residential commercial scale ground source heat pump systems require the utilization of computer design software Such software should consider the interaction with adjacent loops and long term buildup of rejected heat in the soil 2 3 5 1 Provide a bypass line around the condenser of each heat pump unit to facilitate flushing and purging the condenser loop without subjecting the condenser coil to residual construction debris 2 3 5 2 Provide isolation valves and valved tee connections for flushing and purging of the well field independently from the building condenser water system 2 3 5 3 Do not provide automatic water makeup in residential GCHP systems Reserve the added complexity and cost to larger non residential systems of 10 tons or larger Utilize cupronickel refrigerant to water heat exchangers in open condenser loops only 2 3 5 4 Provide test ports sometimes referred to as Pete s plugs on the inlet and outlet to each heat pump unit circulating pump and desuperheater if incorporated UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 2 3 5 5 Utilize reverse return headers in large well fields For heat pumps with reduced flow requirements of 2 GPM ton or less consider series return in order to maintain fluid velocities necessary to foster good heat transfer Base the decision to commit to reverse return on installed cost pumping costs and the system flow requirements Consult ASHRAE and IGSHPA Design documentation for additional i
58. s may be estimated where manufacturer s data is not available 2 3 3 Chillers When multiple chillers serve a common central chilled water system install a flow control balancing valve on the leaving side of the chilled water and condenser water where applicable of each chiller Flow orifices with butterfly valves should be provided for larger pipe sizes On multiple chiller systems design pumping and piping systems to prevent water flow through chillers that are not in operation Avoid the use of reciprocating compressors when possible Utilize roof mounted chillers only as a last resort If located on the roof mount the chiller on a steel skid with isolators supported from the structural roof framing 2 3 4 Cooling Towers Provide a butterfly or 3 way diverting valve in the by pass line for all cooling towers that are specified to have a condenser water by pass for regulating the condenser water supply temperature Provide automatic isolation valves on inlet and outlet of each cell for multi cell or multi tower applications Size condenser water flow to chiller for the design flow rate not the oversized tower flow rate Cooling tower piping shall by pass to the cooling tower s sump 2 3 5 Ground Coupled Heat Pump GCHP System Design Guidance The guidelines that follow are intended to complement the guidance and requirements of ASHRAE and recognized consortiums such as the International Ground Source Heat Pump Association IGSHPA Non
59. stallations amp Logistics Management Department of the Air Force Office of the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense Installations and Environment UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA UFC NEW DOCUMENT SUMMARY SHEET Document UFC 3 400 10N Mechanical Engineering Superseding None Description This UFC 3 400 10N provides mechanical engineering design and analysis criteria for design build and design bid build projects Reasons for Document Provide technical requirements for mechanical systems design criteria The Design Build processes as defined herein reflect current contract requirements Define minimum requirements for contract documents in terms of drawing types and content and specification information Impact There are negligible cost impacts However the following benefits should be realized Promotes the use of and moves the DoD toward more efficient commercial model codes and standards Standardized guidance has been prepared to assist environmental engineers in the development of the plans specifications design analyses and Design Build Request for Proposals RFP This guidance has been prepared along with updates to the associated Performance Technical Specifications and Engineering Systems Requirements documents The three types of documents have been aligned to allow improved consistency in the preparation of project requirements UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006
60. tallation of their system and provides a representative on the job site 2 4 2 17 Legionella Disease Design waterside systems to avoid potential exposure to Legionella Disease 2 4 3 Building Exhaust System Provide exhaust system for removal of heat fumes dust and vapors in various spaces in accordance with ASHRAE If natural ventilation is proposed provide calculations to support its use as a reliable means of ventilation 2 4 3 1 Equipment Room Ventilation Provide mechanical and electrical equipment rooms with 10 air changes per hour or an exhaust rate to limit room temperature rise to 5 6 degrees C 10 degrees F above the outdoor summer design dry bulb whichever is greater Ventilate equipment rooms with a thermostatically controlled exhaust fan and a weather tight inlet air louver or hood To ensure that equipment rooms containing combustion burners for boilers water heaters or furnaces do not operate as negative pressure areas utilize supply fans rather than exhaust fans for ventilation For design heating temperatures less than 4 4 degrees C 40 degrees F provide motor operated normally closed dampers at air inlet and exhaust openings Equipment rooms containing refrigeration equipment shall be ventilated in accordance with IMC and ASHRAE Standard 15 2 4 3 2 Exhaust Intake Locations Provide adequate separation between outside air intakes and exhaust outlets waste vents and boiler stacks Consider 13 UFC 3 400 10N
61. tals Handbook Copies of input and output data are required Psychrometric calculations shall be illustrated on psychrometric charts and submitted with the 100 submittal Computer disks may also be requested see 100 submittal requirements 3 4 2 6 Duct Pressure Drop Calculations Provide pressure drop calculations for all supply return outside and exhaust air systems All Variable Air Volume VAV supply duct systems shall be sized by the static regain method Equal friction method shall be used for VAV return ducts The static regain equal velocity or equal friction methods may be performed on non VAV supply duct systems 3 4 2 7 Hydronic System Pressure Drop Calculations Provide pressure drop calculations for all supply and return piping systems 3 4 2 8 Pipe Expansion Calculations Provide pipe stress calculations for all low pressure 103 kPa 15 psi steam condensate and hot water piping systems where pipe diameters exceed 100 mm 4 inches and or the length exceeds 30 m 100 linear feet without a directional change Provide pipe stress calculations for all medium and high pressure steam and high temperature hot water systems 3 4 2 9 Equipment Sizing Calculations Provide equipment sizing calculations and psychrometric calculations and charts if applicable to justify the selection of equipment including the following Terminal equipment including VAV boxes fan coil units etc Pumps Control valves and dampers Meters and m
62. te s Plugs on the inlets and outlets of all coils pumps chillers heat exchangers and other equipment 2 4 2 6 Expansion and Compression Tanks Utilize diaphragm type expansion tanks Size the expansion tank according to the latest edition of the ASHRAE Systems Handbook Indicate the acceptance volume nominal dimensions configuration i e horizontal or vertical and pre charge air pressure 2 4 2 7 Expansion Loops and Devices Provide expansion loops and or devices as required for proper piping protection Detail and dimension loops and schedule joints indicating minimum total traverse and installed expansion traverse Indicate guide spacing Avoid the use of expansion joints where possible due to the high resultant thrust Instead utilize geometry and ball joints where possible 2 4 2 8 Cold Water Make up Provide for make up to each water system Provide pressure gauges up and downstream of the PRV Provide bypass line with a globe valve for each PRV Provide hose bibbs in the make up water line to cooling towers and evaporator condensers for washdown of equipment 2 4 2 9 Drain Lines Provide drain lines from air handling units fan coil units etc Provide a water seal on drains as required Terminate condensate drain lines in accordance with the IMC 2 4 2 10 Backflow Preventers Backflow preventers are required at all connections to the potable water system in accordance with the IPC 2 4 2 11 Chemical Feeders Fill openings shoul
63. tes during part load conditions Select the minimum primary air requirements of the VAV terminal units to maintain at least the minimum outside air ventilation requirements The Direct Digital Control DDC system shall comply with the requirements of ASHRAE 62 for polling of boxes to maintain proper ventilation levels Provide an air flow monitoring station in the outside air duct controlling the outside and return air dampers or a constant volume outside air fan to maintain the minimum outside air requirements Constant volume 8 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 outside air fans are the most reliable method of maintaining outside air rates and are preferred When using airflow measuring stations AFMS for monitoring and maintaining constant outside air ventilation rates avoid placement of the AFMS in the outside air duct unless a minimum of 12 duct diameters of straight duct downstream of the outside air louver can be provided Turbulence generated by the outside air intake louver will generate high turbulence and a highly unstable control loop For large systems using a constant air volume CAV fan use a pressure independent velocity controller in the outdoor air intake to keep outdoor airflow constant as the VAV air handler fan modulates Provide a low velocity filter module upstream of the air injection fan to prevent dust dirt build up that may clog the pitot tubes associated with the volume regulator Provide a duct access door at the inl
64. ving temperatures k Building steam meter Variable speed pump drive frequency b C d Chilled Water System Air Distribution System a Chiller enable disable b Chiller status c Entering and leaving water temperatures at each chiller d Chilled water flow rates for each chiller e Secondary loop chilled water flow rate f Chilled water supply and return temperatures for the central plant g Water temperature in the common piping of the primary secondary loop h Chilled water system differential pressure at central chilled water plant i Chilled water system differential pressured used for control of secondary pumps j Primary chilled water pump start stop k Primary chilled water pump status Outside air temperature m Outside air relative humidity n Building electrical meter o Building water meter Cooling tower fan status high low off Cooling tower fans Adjustable frequency drive functions and alarms r Condenser water supply and return temperature S Cooling tower bypass valve position t Variable speed pump drive frequency p q a VAV box inlet velocity pressure b Airflow rate of each VAV box c Fan control start stop d Air valve actuator e VAV box damper position f Discharge air temperature at each VAV box g VAV box hot water valve position h Electric reheat on off and number of stages i Space temperature for each zone with set point adjustment j Space humidity for eac
65. wing 3 3 2 1 Design Criteria Identify the governing codes and criteria including federal and military handbooks being utilized for the design Include the titles and the date of the latest edition or publication References to codes and criteria should be made in the narratives of the Basis of Design 3 3 2 2 Design Conditions Provide a tabulation of the design indoor and outdoor heating and cooling conditions for all occupied and unoccupied areas 3 3 2 3 Base Utilities Describe the source of thermal energy that will be used i e extension of central high pressure steam hot water natural gas or stand alone heat source with the type of fuel utilized Where more than one source of thermal energy is considered economically feasible or where a facility is deemed appropriate for study as defined under the heading entitled Energy Computations include a computerized Life Cycle Cost Analysis to justify the selection Metric and English conversion factors are shown in Table D 1 in Appendix D 3 3 2 4 Heating System Provide a description of the heating system proposed including an explanation of why this system is preferred over others Indicate locations of major components of the system Resistance electricity and L P gas are not allowed for space comfort heating except with approval of the mechanical branch head 3 3 2 5 Ventilation System State whether a gravity or mechanical system is to be used and provide a brief descri
66. ystems sseeeseeeeseeeeseese 14 2 5 TERMINAL amp PACKAGE UNITS 0 ccc cccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeesanees 15 2 5 1 System Selection CPCI scree eps aspera deepsea eden ecendaesnrsteesscer 15 2 6 CONTROLS amp INSTRUMENTATION cc ceccecesseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeees 15 2 6 1 General CoODIFOIS e oes mM EHPHIO RRERIMS UNI CPI ieinnarmeneasaimannnaes 15 2 02 CONNIE NS osi sess E 15 UFC 3 400 10N FINAL DRAFT July 2006 2 6 3 Carbon Monoxide Detectors seseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 16 2 6 4 DDC Systems on ereitibrri beret uorvutiiutbesuttbubovenkiaopvutkialonputtbuuotuti toni dais 16 2 50 Multiple CRhIIHGES eii E N 17 2 7 SYSTEMS TESTING amp BALANCING eeeemmme 17 2 7 1 Balancing Valves and Cocks cccccccccceeccceeeeeseeeeesaeeeesaeeeeeeeeeens 17 2 2 Flow Control Balancing Valves cccccccccseeeeceeeeeeeeeeeseeeeesaeees 17 2 3 Balancing Dampers sssssesseessennenee eene 17 2 4 Duct Leakage and Testing eeeeeeeeeeeeeereee 17 2 7 5 Variable Speed Drives iiio eI bgE ato A FER HI PERERINER EE RHEF TERI SEE REESE EEEARE 17 2 8 OTHER HVAC SYSTEMS AND EQUIPMENT sese 18 2 8 1 ATIUTGITOFISITI core ertyis ertet torto dpt vtt ae eee DATUM ict dip ee 18 LIV ae C inc 18 2 8 3 Clearances and Equipment Service Space

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