Englische Übersetzung
Contents
1. _ ST eee Pillarboxing is the term used to describe the picture when a 4 3 format picture is shown on a flat screen with 16 9 widescreen format How can I solve the problem 1 Solution Flat screen TVs with a 16 9 widescreen format have the facility in the navigation menu to increase picture width to fill the screen Unfortunately there is no standardization in flat screen menu navigation Please refer to the user s manual for detailed menu navigation The following table shows the most commonly used terminology for navigation menus Menu item Options e display mode e 16 9 e aspect e 16 9 mode e picture format e wide e screen format e full e screen mode e fullscreen mode e screen size 2 Solution Set top boxes and flat screen TVs can be programmed if they meet the technical requirements for automatic format adjustment to automatically convert the broadcast picture format The required settings for automatic format adjustment are described under the section automatic format adjustment back to home 19 The automatic format adjustment option on your set top box and flat screen TV is probably activated If a program is broadcast in 4 3 format the automatic adjustment can lead to a 4 3 picture being shown in what is known as the fullscreen mode the electronics in the flat screen TV stretch the picture horizontally without changing the height of the picture TV picture in 4 3 format 4 3 form2. in a horizontal distortion of the picture e A TV picture in 4 3 format is enlarged horizontally and vertically to fit the width of the TV screen Disadvantage The proportions are identical to the original picture but as a result the picture is now too tall for the screen and the top and bottom parts of the picture are cut off back to home 15 You have a television with a 4 3 screen format and receive DW TV programs on a set top box via satellite At present DW TV transmits its programs in 16 9 widescreen format with anamorphic distortion lf your set top box is not correctly adjusted to the 4 3 format of your television screen you will see a picture with anamorphic distortion i e your television picture is vertically distorted To solve the problem A number of set top boxes have the facility in their menu to adjust the format of the connected TV appliance using the remote control Choose the menu item letterbox format Please refer to the user s manual for detailed menu navigation Unfortunately there is no standardization for menu terminology or navigation The following table shows the most commonly used terminology for navigation menus Menu item Options e aspect ratio e 4 3 e aspect mode e 4 3 letter box e picture format e 4 3 letterbox e display format e letterbox e screen format e letterbox format e screen mode e TV mode e TV type After you have carried out the necessary adjustment
3. is broadcast in 4 3 format some picture content is cut off at the top and Lap SW bottom N ie 4 a 4 3 Testbild How can solve the problem receive DW programs via satellite or via cable even though have a 16 9 flat screen television the broadcast in 16 9 format has black bars surrounding the picture How can solve the problem Today the majority of television sets on the market have 16 9 screen format also known as widescreen format because the picture is wider than pictures in 4 3 format Screen format 16 9 One of the reasons why 16 9 widescreen format has been introduced is because it corresponds more closely to the characteristics of the human field of vision and visual habits than 4 3 format Widescreen format takes into account the fact that human peripheral vision is more pronounced on the horizontal axis than on the vertical axis The aspect ratio of a widescreen format is 1 78 the ratio between the horizontal and vertical angle of vision of a motionless human eye is 1 64 from this it can be seen that the aspect ratio of 16 9 format is closer to that of the human eye than that of 4 3 format In addition to the above mentioned technical and physiological reasons there are also other reasons which favor 16 9 widescreen broadcasting Artistic and picture making possibilities should be considered such as the possibility to move an important feature in the picture away from the centre to create more
4. terminology for navigation menus Menu item Options e aspect ratio e 16 9 e aspect mode e 16 9 mode e display e Full e display mode e wide e picture format e screen format e screen mode e TV mode 22 e TV type If the problem has not been solved using the remote control of the set top box then it may be necessary to change the display mode on the connected screen using the flat screen TV s navigation menu Unfortunately there is no standardization for flat screen menu navigation Please refer to the user s manual for detailed menu navigation The following table shows the most commonly used terminology for navigation menus Menu item Options e aspect e 16 9 e display e 16 9 mode e picture format e Full e screen format e wide e screen size back to home 23 This type of picture is caused by an incoming picture in letterbox format being shown on a 16 9 screen which is in 4 3 mode Letterboxing is the cause of the black bars at the top and bottom of the picture and the 4 3 pillarbox mode is responsible for the black bars at the side of the picture Pillarbox mode TV picture letterbox format Letterbox format picture displayed on a 16 9 screen in 4 3 pillarbox format How can I solve the problem Cable providers often letterbox programs received in 16 9 widescreen format If your appliance does not have an automatic format adjustment facility the display format needs to be altered usin
5. Information on DW TV 16 9 widescreen broadcasting Why is transmission being changed to 16 9 widescreen format What is anamorphic distortion of a television picture Why are anamorphically distorted television pictures broadcast What does letterboxing mean What does Pan amp Scan mean How is the screen format identified when transmitted via satellite What does WSS stand for How is the screen format identified when using a SCART connector FAQs How do set my appliance to enable automatic screen size adjustment Viewer s Information TV with 4 3 screen format The program is broadcast in 16 9 format the picture on my 4 3 screen is vertically distorted How can solve the problem My television has a 4 3 screen format when the program is broadcast in 16 9 format some picture content is cut off on both sides How can solve the problem My television has a 4 3 screen format would like to watch 16 9 screen broadcasts in letterbox format How can solve the problem Viewer s information TV with 16 9 screen format The program is broadcast in 16 9 widescreen format even though I have a 16 9 flat screen television my picture is vertically distorted and has black bars on both sides How can solve the problem A program broadcast in 4 3 format is horizontally distorted on my 16 9 flat screen television How can solve the problem My television has a 16 9 widescreen format if the program
6. V set or flat screen TV Type of cable Antenna cable 4 AV cable SCART cable S Video cable RGBPYUY cable i cable Antenna socket Cable or satellite TV Set top box Flat screen TV DVB or DVB C WSS Signal CCIR PAL NORM Aspect ratio flag embedded in the MPEG 2 transport stream is recognized by the set top box The set top box then creates a WSS signal WSS stands for widescreen signaling it is a square wave signal with a binary coded data signal containing the information of the aspect ratio flag carried in the MPEG sequence header Synch tip How the set top box integrates the WSS signal depends on the television standard used e CCIR PAL norm the first part of line 23 is used to transmit the WWS signal independent of image signal type e CCIR NTSC norm line 20 and 283 are used to transmit the WWS signal independent of image signal type The integration of the WSS signal for the different image signal types in the above mentioned lines is as follows e CVBS signal composite video signal encoded as one signal The WSS is integrated in the above mentioned lines e YUV signal component video signal The WSS is only integrated in the Y signal brightness luminance signal e RGB signal The WSS is integrated in the R G and B signals Unfortunately not all set top boxes available on the market can interpret the data bit combination of the aspect ratio flag carried in the MPEG se
7. at shown as fullscreen mode ona 16 9 screen How can I solve the problem The screen mode on your flat screen TV has to be altered using the navigation menu Unfortunately there is no standardization for flat screen menu navigation Please refer to the user s manual for detailed menu navigation The following table shows the most commonly used terminology for navigation menus Menu item Options e display mode e 4 3 e aspect e 4 3 mode e picture format e 4 3 pillar box e screen format e pillarbox e screen mode e screen size back to home 20 The set top box and flat screen TV may be set to automatic format adjustment As a result of this the picture size of a program broadcast in 4 3 format displayed on a 16 9 flat screen may be enlarged zoom until the width of the picture is the same size as the 16 9 screen As the enlargement zoom doesn t alter the picture proportions the height of the picture increases accordingly and the picture content at the top and bottom of the picture is lost TV picture 4 3 format TV picture in zoom mode on a 16 9 widescreen How can I solve the problem If you would like to change your picture format you need to change your viewing mode in the navigation menu on your flat screen TV Unfortunately there is no standardization for flat screen menu navigation Please refer to the user s manual for detailed menu navigation The following table shows the most commonly used terminolog
8. center in Berlin creates the MPEG 2 transport stream ee Radio Program Service Infomation Multiplex DV B S1 Daita DVB Transportstream The MPEG 2 transport stream sequence header contains the image format information i MPEG 2 Encoding image Format Infomation An MPEG 2 transport stream is made up of several audio and video streams which are hierarchically combined Each stream has a header and the aspect ratio flag carried in the sequence header Production Area 3 Production Area 2 gt etic eat Master Control Room 0010 0011 4 3 format 16 9 widescreen format The set top box satellite receiver recognizes the digital aspect ratio flag In theory the set top box then automatically adjusts the incoming signal format to fit the television screen Unfortunately e not all set top boxes available on the market can interpret the data bit combination i e the television set or flat screen television is not able to adjust the screen format accordingly e asa result of the philosophy of some manufacturers there are several television sets and flat screen televisions on the market which do not provide their users with an automatic screen format adjustment facility back to home 10 Deutsche Welle programs can only be received via a set top box DVB S or DVB C The set top box converts the digital signal into a format which can be viewed and heard on your T
9. d CCIR PAL Norm CCIR NTSC Norm 576 visible scan lines 480 visible scan lines 576 scan lines x 0 75 435 scan lines 480 scan lines x 0 75 360 scan lines 576 432 144 480 360 120 144 scan lines need to be removed 120 scan lines need to be removed TV picture in 16 9 widescreen format 576 Scan lines 578 Scan lines 4 d oles pit u ci D b Anamorphically distorted 16 9 TV picture 432 Scan linas 576 Sean lines TV picture in letterbox format 72 Scan line The scan lines are removed and replaced with scan lines that are black in content these lines are divided into two and one half is placed at the top of the screen and the other half at the bottom The result is a television picture with wide black bars at the top and bottom edge It looks as though you are looking at the picture through an opened letterbox hence the name letterboxing back to home Basically a program that is transmitted in 16 9 format is too wide for 4 3 screen format Pan amp Scan is another method in addition to letterboxing of adjusting widescreen film images so that they can be shown on a 4 3 aspect ratio television screen The original 16 9 image is cropped to fit a 4 3 screen a simplified implementation of the Pan amp Scan method is to crop the sides of the image to focus on the center of the original composition TV picture in 16 9 widescreen format Cropped image in 4 3 format Cropp
10. ed image on 4 3 TV screen The Pan amp Scan technique is more complex than letterboxing because the decision as to which part of the image should be cropped depends on the original screen content During the Pan amp Scan process the operator selects the parts of the original filmed composition that seem to be significant The information as to how an image should be cropped has to be sent along with the original digital television signal The actual cropping of the image then takes place in the set top box TV picture in 16 9 widescreen format Cropped image on 4 3 television screen A number of set top boxes support Pan amp Scan If you have your set top box set to Pan amp scan to reduce the original image for a 4 3 screen you will always only see part of the original scene transmitted on 16 9 widescreen If the information for the cropped image is not sent with the original signal then the centre of the image is used in this case the picture content on both sides of the original image is lost back to home At present Deutsche Welle transmits in both 4 3 format and 16 9 widescreen format which means that the format needs to be identified when transmitted The format information is embedded in the digital MPEG 2 transport stream MPEG Z2 is a process which reduces the vast amounts of data required for a television transmission to an amount that can be transmitted via satellite The playout in the Deutsche Welle broadcasting
11. g the flat screen TV s navigation menu Unfortunately there is no standardization for flat screen menu navigation Please refer to the user s manual for detailed menu navigation The following table shows the most commonly used terminology for navigation menus Menu item Options e aspect e 16 9 e display mode e 16 9 mode e picture format e full e screen format e wide e screen size back to home 24
12. lable Does your TV appliance recognize the voltage switch on zZ Does your set recognize Does your set recognize the SCART connector the WSS signal the WSS signal Automatic Image Format Automatic Image Format Automatic Image Format Adjustment Adjustment Adjustment Unfortunately the control elements and corresponding terminology for set top boxes and TV appliances are not standardized If you are in doubt please refer to the appropriate user s manual or contact your specialist dealer lf your appliances have the facility for automatic image format identification you can program each appliance using the navigation menu to automatically adjust the image size Please refer to the appropriate user s manual for details Manufacturers have different ideas as to the ideal format for showing 4 3 images on widescreen appliances Unfortunately this means that automatic adjustment produces different image sizes on screens produced by different manufacturers 14 The following chart shows possible image types when automatic image format adjustment IS used e A TV picture in 4 3 format is shown as a pillar box image The proportions are identical to the original image Disadvantage Wide black bars appear on both sides of the picture e A TV picture in 4 3 format is horizontally stretched to fill out the TV screen Disadvantage The proportions are not identical to the original picture resulting
13. overview or the possibility of improved alignment of fore and background elements resulting in a better 3D effect and a more naturally proportioned picture Other arguments in favor of widescreen format are technological innovations and prevailing market conditions Screen technology is advancing fast and new flat screen televisions plasma or LCD are now only available in 16 9 format The 4 3 screen format used previously is definitely on the way out The above mentioned reasons speak for a change over to 16 9 widescreen format Deutsche Welle is adapting its productions step by step to keep up with technological advancements in this field back to home Anamorphic distortion is when only one axis of a picture is distorted It is used when 16 9 television productions have to be viewed on a 4 3 screen The horizontal axis is squeezed resulting in a vertical distortion of the picture The following images show an example of anamorphic distortion TV Picture in Anamorphically distorted 16 9 widescreen format 16 9 TV picture TV picture in 16 9 Widescreen format Anamorphically distorted 16 9 TV picture Here the anamorphic distortion has reduced the picture width from16 to 12 leading to an aspect ratio of 12 9 4 3 This means that the anamorphically distorted picture can now be shown on a 4 3 screen without any loss of content TV picture in 16 9 Widescreen format Anamorhically distorted 16 9 TV picture on 4 3 TV
14. quence header i e the television set or flat screen television is not able to adjust the screen format automatically back to home When a SCART cable is used to connect the set top box to the TV set or flat screen television the image format is identified with the help of a voltage switch on pin 8 of the SCART plug The voltage is changed according to image format 6V 16 9 widescreen format AV mode 12 V 4 3 format AV mode The voltage switch is produced by the set top box and the TV set or flat screen television recognizes the voltage on pin 8 of the SCART plug and adjusts the image format accordingly Some set top boxes also embed a WSS signal in the image signal in addition to the voltage switch back to home 12 Your set top box or TV appliance should have the following technical requirements to enable automatic image format adjustment unfortunately not all appliances meet these requirements Technical requirements and appliance settings set top box TV set flat screen TV The set top box must have the facility to 1 The TV set or flat screen TV must have recognize the aspect ratio flag carried in the MPEG sequence header If the set top box has the facility to recognize the aspect ratio flag carried in the MPEG sequence header the format of the connected TV set or flat an automatic screen size adjustment facility The TV set or flat screen TV has to recognize either the WSS signal or
15. s the set top box will automatically produce a 16 9 widescreen format as a letterbox picture on your TV screen Letterboxing is the optimal format for a 16 9 widescreen transmission on a 4 3 TV screen Your set top box settings are now correct back to home 16 You have a television with a 4 3 screen format and receive DW TV programs through a set top box via satellite At present DW TV transmits its programs in 16 9 widescreen format with anamorphic distortion If picture content is missing on both sides of your screen this could mean that your set top box converts to a 4 3 format using Pan amp Scan Your set top box is not optimally adjusted to your TV appliance To solve the problem A number of set top boxes have the facility in their menu to adjust the format of the connected TV appliance using the remote control Choose the menu item letterbox format _ Please refer to the users manual for detailed menu navigation Letterboxing is the optimal format for a 16 9 widescreen transmission on a 4 3 TV screen Unfortunately there is no standardization for menu terminology or navigation The following table shows the most commonly used r gt terminology for navigation menus Menu item Options e aspect ratio e 4 3 e aspect mode e 4 3 letter box e picture format e 4 3 letterbox e display format e letterbox e screen format e letterbox format e screen mode e TV mode e TV type back to home 17 You have a
16. screen Anamorphic distortion can be created by a special lens in the camera or electronically with an image processor back to home Television productions in a new screen format mean that viewers require a television set or a flat screen television which is capable of showing this format Those who have a 4 3 screen television would have to buy a widescreen television However Deutsche Welle has decided to create a bridge between the previously used 4 3 screen format and the new widescreen format by squeezing anamorphic distortion the Original 16 9 production This means that the 16 9 aspect ratio has been converted to the previously used 4 3 aspect ratio and no change is required in the processing of broadcasting signals by television stations or in the TV sets Anamorphic distortion permits broadcasting in 16 9 widescreen format using current television standards CCIR PAL CCIR NTSC back to home One of the disadvantages of anamorphic distortion is that when viewed on a 4 3 screen the picture is vertically distorted this can be compensated by reducing the height of the television picture The picture has to be reduced by a factor of 0 75 in order to maintain the original image proportions This conversion is done automatically by an image editor in the set top box Scan lines are removed to reduce the height of the picture The number of scan lines that need to be removed depends on the television standard use
17. television with a 4 3 screen format and receive DW TV programs on a set top box via satellite At present DW TV transmits its programs in 16 9 widescreen format with anamorphic distortion The picture of a program broadcast in 16 9 format is either vertically distorted or picture content may be missing on both sides Your set top box is not optimally adjusted to your TV appliance To solve the problem A number of set top boxes have the facility in their menu to adjust the format of the connected TV appliance using the remote control Choose the menu item letterbox format _ Please refer to the user s manual for detailed menu navigation Letterboxing is the optimal format for a 16 9 widescreen transmission on a 4 3 TV screen Unfortunately there is no standardization for menu terminology or navigation The following table shows the most commonly used terminology for navigation menus Menu item Options e aspect ratio e 4 3 e aspect mode e 4 3 letter box e picture format e 4 3 letterbox e display format e letterbox e screen format e letterbox format e screen mode e TV mode e TV type back to home 18 You have a television with a 16 9 screen format and receive DW TV programs on a set top box via satellite If your set top box is not optimally adjusted to the 16 9 widescreen format of your flat screen TV then the 16 9 format picture will be anamorphically distorted i e the picture is vertically distorted
18. the voltage on pin 8 on the SCART plug The automatic screen size adjustment screen TV has to be entered into the set top box The set top box compares the incoming image format with that of the connected appliance The box then produces an appropriate WSS signal or produces the correct voltage for pin 8 on the SCART plug facility has to be activated on the TV set or flat screen TV 13 The following flow chart shows the interaction between the technical requirements and settings for automatic screen size adjustment Automatic Image Format Adjustment No automatic image Does your set top box format adjustment No recognize a digital image available format description Yes Please refer to the user s manual of your set top box In your for specific navigation set top box navigation menu details choose TV screen size Please refer to the user s manual of your set top box for specific navigation Enter or choose the screen details size of your TV appliance Please refer to the user s manual of your TV appliance for specific navigation details Please refer to the user s manual of your TV appliance for specific Choose SCART connection navigation detalis for the input signal on your Yes TV appliance Choose the appropriate No connection for the input signal on your TV appliance Are you using a SCART connector No automatic image 0 format adjustment o avai
19. y for navigation menus Menu item Options e display mode e 4 3 e aspect e 4 3 mode e picture format e 4 3 pillar box e screen format e pillar box e screen mode e screen size back to home 21 This is caused by an incoming picture in letterbox format being shown on a 16 9 screen which is in 4 3 mode Letterboxing is the cause of the black bars at the top and bottom of the picture and the 4 3 pillarbox mode is responsible for the black bars at the side of the picture Pillarbox mode TV picture letterbox format Letterbox format picture displayed on a 16 9 screen in 4 3 pillarbox format How can I solve the problem A number of set top boxes have the facility to alter the screen format of the connected TV appliance using the remote control and the navigation menu It is probable that the screen format of the connected TV appliance has been incorrectly set to 4 3 format instead of a 16 9 format If the set top box receives a program in 16 9 widescreen format it automatically produces a picture signal in letterbox format letterboxing is the optimal viewing format for a 16 9 widescreen picture on a TV set with a 4 3 screen Use the navigation of your set top box to change the format of the connected TV appliance to 16 9 format Unfortunately there is no standardization for menu navigation Please refer to the user s manual for detailed menu navigation The following table shows the most commonly used
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