ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8
Contents
1. a DE S a Adaptive Predictive Expert Control ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 User Manual Edition April 2008 UM TK LV8 01 EN ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 Contents ADOUR IV eel le icscestes aceon ctentes A E A a O a 3 oreanizati on OF EMIS Manudlonnsinnren a a a O 3 CONVEN UON S an a a Re a 3 Related DOCUMENTATION eeunenn E E A EE EE cabana 3 AbDo t ADEX Toolkit for LABVIEW 8 oscense a a aa a 4 Package Conte M Enna a NEO 4 System REGUIremMeEN tS arisna e a a a a a O 4 installing ADEX TOOMKIt riocscnireiieini a E E 4 ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 Applications sseessessssesreesereresseresseresrerssreessreresseeesserssreesseress 5 Part Integration of ADEX Controllers within National Instruments LabVIEW 8 eccerre 6 MOCO q aoe EN ANA N ON ENNA 6 ADEX TOOMIt BaSiIC FEATUFCS eneinio spacestnavectnaanaedscansaaen weuaredsanesantaseensaedesaeantaaes 6 ADEX BIOCK S sisaiiae stir ase a a a 8 ADEX IIMA ZAR OM sideiiesct deb N a 8 ADEX TCP RETENC eei aaa N a e 9 ADEX COMO OR F nanona Ea 9 ADEX Read Para mete uenn a Oe E 11 ADEX Wre Paramete marria A E oe cet 12 ADEX Farameter DrOWS OT tasson a O T ANE 12 Part II Control Problem Simulated using the ADEX Toolkit ccccccsssccccesseeeeesececeescecaeseeeseeaees 15 Control Problem Description renaren hic ATE A 15 Graphics and Simulation in the LabVIEW Environment ccccccsseccceeseceeeseceeeesceeeeaees 16 User Manual 2 UM TK LV8 01 EN ADEX To2. Logs Dir Path Error out 0 no error Log Level Max Log Lines FIGURE 3 ADEX INITIALIZATION Here are the following inputs Controllers Dir Path Controllers Directory This pin refers to the directory path Ct rs mentioned previously Logs Dir Path Logs Directory As is evident from the name this corresponds to the Logs path Log Level Level of register This will depend on the value applied to this terminal as follows gt 0 Debug mode gt 1 Errors and information default option gt 2 Error messages only Max Log Lines Maximum number of lines This number indicates the maximum number of log lines which means that if the limit is exceeded the first lines of the file will be overwritten 8 UM TK LV8 01 EN ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 In addition to the pins listed the module also has one output for verification Error out Here can be read the results of the operation O means that the process is correct otherwise this output will return an error code For more information about the errors you can see the text file created in the folder Logs as well as giving value O debug mode to the Log Level pin ADEX TCP Listener The function of this block is to set the TCP port to listening mode to communicate with the ADEX COP 2 Configurator This part of the initialization must be done at the time of the ADEX Initialization Block once only during the first VI simulation The icon of this VI is t
3. that the controller which is not sending the control signal keeps the adaptation mechanism functioning and thus when it comes back into operation it still knows the process Graphics and Simulation in the LabVIEW Environment To begin with to create the strategy diagram in LabVIEW it is necessary to create the folders Ct rs and Logs mentioned in previous sections By way of a reminder the steps which this VI example needs to take are as follows 1 Execute ADEX Initialization and ADEX TCP Listener This step is only necessary for the first simulation 2 Execute the ADEX Controller with Initialization 1 3 Repeat the execution of the controller with Initialization O until the end of the simulation To start with a Stacked Sequence structure has to be positioned as shown in Figure 11 with the aim of separating the first initialization step 1 amp 2 which is only required for the first simulation from the rest of the diagram 3 FIGURE 11 STACKED SEQUENCE For steps 1 amp 2 in the first frame the following scheme is implemented User Manual 16 UM TK LV8 01 EN ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 a a a T Mee e a a aa a aa a a a a Ea a ka J rug a J a a Log file lines 1000 FIGURE 12 INITIALIZATION PHASE In this way the folders Ctlrs and Logs in the working directory can be found and the listening TCP port is initialized at 3030 The Boolean ini with its respective case is s flag t
4. being searched this could have several identifiers and names according to the domain it belongs to and the PV which it affects 12 UM TK LV8 01 EN ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 Moreover in most cases the key to be input coincides with the initials of the parameter in English for example the Sampling Time is ST It is possible to access the parameter search engine from the Help section of the Read and Write Parameter modules The browser opens in a predetermined navigator window in the user s system that is in Internet Explorer Mozilla Firefox or similar and has the following appearance m ADEX Parameters D With this application you can search the index of an ADEX parameter writing its key which appears on the ADEX COP 2 Configurator it often coincides with the initial letters of the parameter name in English For example if you want to know the index value for Control Period you must type in the textbox CP and then click Search button Also it is possible to reverse this action if you enter an index the searcher will return the information of its parameter Controller Structure All Parameter name or Index Enter key here Search Reset Adaptive Predictive Expert Contro ADEX S L ADEX Website FIGURE 8 ADEX PARAMETER BROWSER To simplify searches the type of controller to be used can be specified since the names and indices do not always coincide in the various structures The types of
5. controller are as follows 1x1 These are controllers with only one PV and no perturbations 6x1 These also have only one PV but up to 5 perturbations 9x3 This is typical of the remainder In this case there are 3 PV s and up to 6 perturbations PERTs For example if we want to know the name of the parameter associated with the Prediction Horizon in a 6x1 driver we should write PH in the textbox and select the appropriate structure resulting in the following User Manual 13 UM TK LV8 01 EN User Manual ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 ADEXCOP 2 Configurator key Index Parameter name Process Var Domain Description PH 26 Pvg1 Ap1 In PV1 AP L Prediction horizon PH 61 Pvg1 Ap2 In PV1 AP C Prediction horizon PH 96 Pvg1 Ap3 In PV1 AP U Prediction horizon FIGURE 9 SEARCH RESULTS Another feature of the browser is that the inverse also works if the index is input to the text box the corresponding parameter will be found 14 UM TK LV8 01 EN Part Il ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 Control Problem Simulated using the ADEX Toolkit The purpose of this section is to illustrate the functions of the toolkit in LabVIEW using an example The objective is not to be a guide for configuring adaptive predictive expert controllers although there are many references here but rather to familiarize the user with the toolkit d You can access this demonstration through the LabVIEW application NI Example Finder In
6. of the PV when it is approaching the set point CP Control Period This is the time interval between control actions Initialization In the first cycle in which the VI is executed this value must be 1 and in the other periods must equal 0 COM If the data is received correctly the user must write a 1 in this pin The outputs are as follows OUT Control action which must be applied to the process Error out The result of the operation can be read in this variable If the process is correct the variable will be O otherwise VI will return an error code For more information about the errors you can see the text file created in the folder Logs as well as giving value 0 debug mode to the Log Level pin Before continuing it should be noted that the size of SP PV OUT Al MODE and RC have to be equal to avoid mistakes Moreover if we do not want to add perturbations or specify RC or CP these can be left without connecting 10 UM TK LV8 01 EN ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 To modify an internal parameter value of the controller the ADEX COP 2 Configurator can be used or else the ADEX Read Parameter and ADEX Write Parameter subVIs described in later chapters To finalize this section here is a summary of the various steps which have to be carried out to integrate an ADEX controller in VI of LabVIEW 1 Execute ADEX Ini and ADEX TCP Listener This step is necessary for the first simulation 2 Execute ADEX C
7. they are useful for treating exceptions or limitations in the process for those parameters in which it is desired to make changes before specific events occur To create a process under ADEX control the system requires the following directories Directory Ctlrs In this controller files relevant to the VI s are stored inside the directory selected by the user to initialize the system In each simulation if there does not exist a controller with the desired name one will be created in this directory and each time it is referenced it will be found here In addition this directory will have a default controller called ctircnf dfl 7 UM TK LV8 01 EN ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 Directory Logs Here will be stored a text archive whose purpose is to log information messages or errors generated by the controllers A In any event it will be the responsibility of the user to ensure that these directories exist otherwise if the system does not find them the ADEX Initialization block will return an error and not work correctly ADEX Blocks ADEX Initialization User Manual This VI is produced by the initialization process of the ADEX system It must be executed at the start of the first cycle which means that it is not necessary to initialize the system in all the executions in the same session of LabVIEW if there are no changes to the parameters in this block The terminals can be seen in Figure 3 Controllers Dir Path
8. EW 8 CD User manual of the ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 Hardware Key USB that provides the necessary licenses to use ADEX systems System Requirements To install the ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 the following are required as a minimum Windows 2000 XP Vista LabVIEW 8 0 1 o later Installing ADEX Toolkit Complete the following steps to install the Toolkit ADEX for LabVIEW 8 1 Insert ADEX Toolkit Installation CD 2 Run setup exe 3 Specify the ADEX COP 2 Configurator directory this must be within the ADEX directory as shown in Figure 1 4 Then follow the steps to install the drivers for the HASP Hardware key User Manual 4 UM TK LV8 01 EN ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 O x Destination Directory Select the primary installation directory All software will be installed in the following location s To install software into a different location s click the Browse button and select another directory Directory for ADE Toolkit for Lab lE 6 C Program FilestA DESA DE Toolkit HI LabyVilE WW E Browse Directory for Mational Instruments products C Program Files M ational Instruments Browse lt lt Back Cancel FIGURE 1 ADEX TOOLKIT SETUP ru Note The ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW will be installed for the latest version of LabVIEW 8 available on the user s computer inside user ib folder After completing the installation be sure to connect the Hardware key t
9. dustry Applications Process Control Control Problem Description User Manual It is required to control the temperature inside a walking beam steel heat treatment furnace by means of a master control action on the air fuel ratio The automatic control objective is to maintain the inside temperature at the set point while avoiding exceeding this value at all times Due mainly to the insertion removal and shifting of the beams around the interior of the furnace the temperature inside the furnace is not uniform Two temperature sensors thermocouples have been installed at different points and the aim is to control whichever of the two temperatures is higher Figure 10 illustrates the process to be controlled Temperature inside the furnace at point 1 Temperature inside the furnace at point 2 gt a Master control action on the air fuel ratio FIGURE 10 WALKING BEAM STEEL HEAT TREAMENT FURNACE 15 UM TK LV8 01 EN ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 The strategy consists of having two ADEX controllers each one operating on one of the temperature readings PV1 and PV2 Both controllers receive the temperature set point SP the actual control action Al and the mode MODE of operation manual or automatic as common input signals The control action to be applied is that of the controller which is receiving the greater of the two temperatures The simultaneous operation of both ADEX controllers offers the advantage
10. e up the toolkit The Help module accessible from the toolkit includes a module allowing the user to access the ADEX parameters necessary for the configuration of the controller ADEX Toolkit Basic Features User Manual Once it is installed the library can be accessed from the Function Palette of LabVIEW as can be seen in Figure 2 6 UM TK LV8 01 EN User Manual ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 aa io j Owan Q Search f dw View Programming Instrument I O Mathematics Signal Processing Data Communication Connectivity Express Favorites dvv vv vvv v User Libraries L ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW oe a ADEX TCP Lis ADEX Read P ADEX Write P ADEX Walki Select a YI FIGURE 2 ADEX TOOLKIT IN FUNCTIONS PALETTE The ADEX library in LabVIEW comprises five elements which are described in detail in the following sections ADEX Initialization block ADEX TCP Listener block ADEX Controller block ADEX Read Parameter block ADEX Write Parameter block The most basic scheme which can be implemented in LabVIEW deals only with the first three blocks The Read Parameter and Write Parameter blocks are optional although they will always appear as options together with the group of blocks as listed above Improvements in the system can be achieved with these since their function is to manipulate controller configuration parameters For example
11. hat contains licenses for the implementation of ADEX Systems before using the ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 Applications User Manual The purpose the Toolkit is to provide a means of simulating ADEX Systems in a familiar known environment This is the reason why the Adaptive Predictive Expert methodology has been integrated into LabVIEW so that it can be used both for carrying out experiments testing and creating industrial applications The ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 contains the necessary tools for developing control applications based on the ADEX methodology in LabVIEW programming environment both for PC based systems and for its implementation in Real Time systems 5 UM TK LV8 01 EN Part ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 Integration of ADEX Controllers within National Instruments LabVIEW 8 Introduction ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW enables ADEX controllers to be added to VIs for simulation and modeling of control systems based on the ADEX methodology This library is integrated into LabVIEW 8 x as an extra library within the user menu so it is therefore convenient that the user obtains basic knowledge of this program prior to using the Toolkit For more information on this environment please visit the web site of National Instruments at http www ni com In this manual a full description is given of the toolkit starting from how to install it to outlining features including the blocks which mak
12. he following Port a Error out 0 no error FIGURE 4 ADEX TCP LISTENER There is one input only Port This contains the number of the port to be initialized which by default is 3030 This has one output pin And an output Error out If the output is not equal to zero this means that an error has occurred during execution For more information about the errors you can see the text file created in the folder Logs as well as giving value 0 debug mode to the Log Level pin ADEX Controller This module lies at the centre of ADEX systems since it is the actual controller The icon with its inputs and outputs is shown in Figure 5 User Manual 9 UM TK LV8 01 EN User Manual ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 Controller Mame SPs ih OUTS PERTs as Error out 0 no error MODES Rls LP Initialization Loh FIGURE 5 ADEX CONTROLLER With respect to the input terminals SP Set Point Value of the set point of the PV PV Process Variable Process Output to the controller PERT Perturbation Input available for the introduction of perturbations which affect the PV Al Actual Input The actual value of the latest control action applied to the process The values sent by the controller and the actual input do not necessarily have to be the same for various limitations or for other reasons MODE The modes of operation of the controller RC Rate of Change This is the maximum rate of change
13. iat Tig Naat at tet ast tl I o eat fess 00 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 Time FIGURE 15 RESULTS OF TEMPERATURE CONTROL OF THE FURNACE These results demonstrate the accuracy achieved with the control strategy designed using ADEX controllers In Figure 15 you can be note clearly the manner in which the goal is met and that despite the fluctuations in temperature the global temperature does not exceed the set point in more than 0 5 C 19 UM TK LV8 01 EN User Manual ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 This problem demonstrates the versatility of control schemes and additional options that can be achieved by means of using ADEX Toolkit This allows the user to integrate in LabVIEW automatic control strategies designed for a specific process control 20 UM TK LV8 01 EN
14. lation it is necessary to configure the default value of ini setting it to TRUE In this way as the test starts it executes the initialization functions ADEX Ini and ADEX TCP Listener Figure 12 As can be seen in Figure 13 the first action on the controllers is with ini TRUE Initialization 1 and immediately afterwards the value changes to FALSE or in other words Initialization 0 On returning to execute the controllers ini will not have changed state so that until the end of the simulation the value of Initialization will be maintained equal to 0 In addition if the boolean AUTO is set to FALSE the OUT signal will have the last value Another point to be considered is the furnace model and the sensors indicated in the right hand part of Figure 13 Two Formula Node for each PV one to represent the model equation and the other located beforehand to generate changes in the coefficient B1 of the process Continuing with the VI example once the parameters have been adjusted for each controller the results in the graphics of the Front Panel Figures 14 amp 15 can be observed 18 UM TK LV8 01 EN User Manual ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 P V1 gt PY2 OUT EX Initialization Communication FIGURE 14 RESULTS OF TEMPERATURE CONTROL OF THE FURNACE Temperature C ies aI le Pan es eal aes Deel 1 ae ae Teel as a ies 1 E ea ioe te lie
15. o indicate if this phase has been carried out or not Later in another frame stage 3 Figure 13 will be included In addition by means of the inclusion of a while structure these processes will form a simulation cycle sooo0oooooooocooooooooooooonoooooooooooooooooonoooooooonoooooooooooooooooooooocoonooooonooooonoooooooooo0ooo0oo0t y11 i P 1 gt P 2 gt OUT OUT1 PV1 lt P 2_ gt OUT OUT2 float ql 0 9048 H j311 yl ali y11 yss1 q1 b1 1 ul1 yss1 0 3807 IE 1 1 A1 sin wi1 f1 k1 al PV gt PV2 a Mkt 1000 pen 2 temperature sensors inside the same oven ET ema y2 q2 1 A2 sin w2 F2 k2 ooo0ooooooooooooocooocoocoocoocooocooocooocooooooooooooooo0o0o0o0 FIGURE 13 SIMULATION LOOP User Manual 17 UM TK LV8 01 EN User Manual ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 As can be seen from the diagram above the while loop is divided into two frames which are executed sequentially on one side is the control strategy and on the other the furnace and temperature sensors have been modeled Considering first the control strategy two ADEX controllers have been used named TC1 and TC2 Given the ability of the subVIs to manipulate arrays other Vis of LabVIEW have been used to convert the signals implicit in these structures and vice versa Once the control actions have been generated the signal with the highest PV value is selected and this ensures that the set point will not be exceeded Before a simu
16. olkit for LabVIEW 8 About this Manual This manual describes the ADEX Toolkit for National Instruments LabVIEW 8 The Toolkit includes all the necessary tools for configuring and implementing ADEX controllers within LabVIEW Organization of this Manual The manual is divided into two main sections Part Integration of ADEX Controllers into National Instruments LabVIEW this chapter describes the ADEX blocks that are part of the Toolkit Part Il Developing an Example in LabVIEW it describes the control problem of a real application for maintaining constant the temperature inside a walking beam heat treatment furnace including the definition of a strategy based on the ADEX Controllers Conventions ru This icon denotes a note which notifies you of important information A This icon denotes a warning which warns you about information that should not be overlooked for the proper working of the system Related Documentation The following documents contain information that you might find helpful as you read this manual ADEX Methodology ADEX Configurator User Manual 3 UM TK LV8 01 EN ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 About ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 This section will list the contents of the ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 It describes the installation steps and the applications of the ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 Package Contents ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 contains the following ADEX Toolkit for LabVI
17. ontroller with Initialization 1 3 Repeat the execution of the controller with Initialization 0 until the end of the simulation ADEX Read Parameter User Manual The library also comprises a parameter read module that is an element which returns the current value of an internal controller parameter A diagram of this is shown in Figure 6 below Controller Mame Parameter value Parameter Mame io Error out O no error FIGURE 6 ADEX READ PARAMETER The inputs are Controller Name This block needs to know the controller whose parameters need to be read The user must ensure that this controller exists otherwise an error will be returned Parameter Name This is a character string which identifies a parameter in particular Assuming that the name is not overly simple in the Help section there is a browser for name searching which will be described later The output pins are as follows Parameter Value The read value of the parameter Error out This is a verification pin such that if the process is correct the value is zero 0 otherwise if the reading has failed the VI will return an error code For more information about the errors you can see the text file created in the folder Logs as well as giving value 0 debug mode to the Log Level pin 11 UM TK LV8 01 EN ADEX Toolkit for LabVIEW 8 ADEX Write Parameter The last element of the ADEX library is shown in Figure 7 and is the parameter write
18. r Its function is to modify the value of an internal controller parameter These changes can be carried out during the simulation process that is it is not necessary to stop the execution of the program Controller Name os Parameter Name Kn Error out 0na error Parameter Yalue FIGURE 7 ADEX WRITE PARAMETER The inputs and outputs of the block are intuitive In the first group they are the following Controller Name The name of the controller whose parameters require to be changed First of all it is necessary to ensure that the controller exists or the module will return an error Parameter Name This is a character string which identifies a particular parameter Parameter Value The value required to be written The output pins are Error out This is a verification pin such that the value will be O if the process is correct otherwise the VI will return an error code For more information about the errors you can see the text file created in the folder Logs as well as giving value O debug mode to the Log Level pin ADEX Parameter Browser User Manual Having explained the functioning of the ADEX blocks it is necessary to know the name of a parameter so that it can be read correctly Using the name of the parameter in ADEX COP 2 Configurator the indices and full names can be obtained by means of the ADEX parameters browser Figure 8 This is referred to in plural since although a particular parameter is
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