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Initial Confocal Displacement Sensor User`s Manual

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1. i 27 7 Advanced Configuration i 27 7 1 Synchronizing the sensor with other devices i 28 7 1 1 ING Slad MOOS mode ssena E EE E E E 28 7 1 2 VCI REA RR RE RE 29 7 2 CCS Manager software i 30 7 2 1 BUS I L ORO TA 30 7 2 2 cOmme PITA ll a E E E E EE 30 1 2 3 TO0ISMICA iaia E E E AI E A E T 31 7 3 Serial COMMUNICATIONS eiee raen EEEE EERE ARAE E ai 31 TA Measuring thickness ac iis ciara itieasarcdnusnadetinusmvevcuasiiecasasasencivandund dadet Unda culeiustineobakedeaasaueiueldeaess 32 7 4 1 The Thickness measuring MOode ii 32 Acuity Initial Confocal Sensor iii Rev 1 0 Acuity 7 4 2 Minimum measurable thickness cccccccecececcecececcccccececucccececscuuauuecenececauaenenecas 32 7 4 3 Single surface in THICKNESS mode i 32 7 4 4 Thickness calibration refractive index file generation 33 7 4 5 Measuring the Thickness of opaque samples 33 7 4 6 Teach functions for thickness MeasuremEnt 34 8 Mainfu nctions of the GCS Inilial Lana 35 8 1 BEE Ce ERE EI SI 35 8 1 1 Acquiring and saving the Dark signal 35 8 1 2 Minimal rate authorized after Dark ACQUISITION 35 8 1 3 de RR soutien 35 02 Y 100 110 6 Ie eer ee nee eee ee ere eae ee nee ee eer er eee nee eee 36 8 2 1 Selecting a preset sampling rate
2. i 36 8 2 2 Free sampling rate 3 8 2 3 EXDOSUTS IMO irere earn e ire wisn EE 37 8 2 4 PAM 37 0 5 MSasuincmNodss lea 38 8 4 Refractive indeX lia 39 8 4 1 Setting a constant refractive INDEX 39 8 4 2 SEI E 39 8 4 3 Selecting a Refractive index file ii 39 8 5 Adjustment of the LED brightness ccccccccccceeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeesssaaees 40 8 6 Averaging i 40 8 7 Holding the last valid Value ccccccccssscccceeseeeceeeeeceeseecsseseeessageeecseuseeeeseeessaneeessaaeees 41 8 8 Getting the serial number and the firmware VEersion iii 41 8 9 Saving the current configuration i 41 8 10 Resetting the sensor iii 42 Si Digtal QUIPUStrna raro era 43 9 1 Selection of the data to be transmitted i 43 9 1 1 aelel cae eiie e E A AE P E A oa 43 9 1 2 Meaning of the data ui 44 9 1 3 Dala SCIECHON era 44 9 2 Specific features of the R8232 linK i 45 9 2 1 Configuring of the COM port of the host computer 45 9 2 2 Limits of simultaneous data transmissible cccccccsseseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeaeaeeees 46 9 3 Specific features of the USB link ccceeeececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesseeeeseeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeesaaas 47 9 3 1 USB ANG ila 47 Acuity Initial Confocal Sensor iv Rev 1 0 Ac
3. The State data is a word composed of independent bits cf 14 7 The counter and the Auto adaptive mode data are described in the Advanced topics chapter 14 2 2 Data decoding in Thickness measuring mode In Thickness mode Distance1 Distance2 and the Thickness data are encoded over 15 bits 0 32767 As the refractive index of the sample is generally greater than 1 0 the Thickness and Distance2 may be greater than the measuring range in air For this reason the scale is twice the measuring range in air Note To get the measuring range of the currently connected confocal optical pen send the SCA command Thickness Transmitted value x Measurement Range x Scale factor 32767 Distance face 1 Transmitted value x Measurement range x Scale factor 32767 Distance face 2 Transmitted value x Measurement range x Scale factor 32767 Scale factor 2 All the other data are encoded in the same way as for the CCI Distance mode Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 69 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 15 Maintenance 15 1 Handling the fiber optics When no fiber optics is connected the fiber socket located on the controller front panel must at all times be fitted with its protection cap to avoid contamination of the fiber tip which could result in malfunctioning of the sensor Avoid putting anything on the fiber optics or laying it on the floor not to stamp it Avoid wringing or bending it upwards 70 degrees The best
4. double frequency mode In these modes the sensor adapts its inner parameters automatically to variations in the ambient temperature auto adaptive dark or to variations in the intensity of the light beam reflected from the sample auto adaptive LED and the double frequency The auto adaptive modes are mutually exclusive only one of them may be enabled at a time 10 1 Auto adaptive Dark mode In this mode the sensor measures automatically the Fast Dark signal i e the Dark Signal in the sensor RAM and adapts it permanently To do so the sensor analyses the internal photodetector signal determines the zone occupied by the signal and adapts the Fast Dark signal in all other zones This mode is particularly useful for compensating slow variation of Dark signal due to temperature change when the sensor configuration measuring rate LED brightness is constant Recommendation To get good results with this mode wait at least 15 minutes after the sensor and the light source have been powered Then measure the DARK and enable the auto adaptive Dark mode Activation of auto adaptive Dark Enable Disable the auto adaptive Dark mode ADKb or ADK Parameter Value b 0or1 returned 10 2 Auto adaptive LED mode In this mode the sensor adapts automatically the LED brightness to compensate for variations in the level of the signal returned by the sample This mode is very useful for measuring
5. Acuity Confocal Displacement Sensor User s Manual Acuity Manual p n LLL122010 Rev 1 0 For use with Acuity products January 6 2012 Acuity A product line of Schmitt Industries Inc 2765 NW Nicolai St Portland OR 97210 www acuitylaser com Acuity CHMITT A Product Line of Schmitt Industries Inc Limited Use License Agreement CAREFULLY READ THE FOLLOWING TERMS AND CONDITIONS BEFORE OPENING THE PACKAGE CONTAINING THE PRODUCT AND THE COMPUTER SOFTWARE LICENSED HEREUNDER CONNECTING POWER TO THE MICROPROCESSOR CONTROL UNIT INDICATES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS IF YOU DO NOT AGREE WITH THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS PROMPTLY RETURN THE UNIT TO THE DEALER FROM WHOM YOU PURCHASED THE PRODUCT WITHIN FIFTEEN DAYS FROM DATE OF PURCHASE AND YOUR PURCHASE PRICE WILL BE REFUNDED BY THE DEALER IF THE DEALER FAILS TO REFUND YOUR PURCHASE PRICE CONTACT SCHMITT INDUSTRIES INC IMMEDIATELY AT THE ADDRESS FOLLOWING CONCERNING RETURN ARRANGEMENTS Schmitt Industries Inc provides the hardware and computer software program contained in the microprocessor control unit Schmitt Industries Inc has a valuable proprietary interest in such software and related documentation Software and licenses the use of the Software to you pursuant to the following terms and conditions You assume responsibility for the selection of the product suited to achieve your intended results and for the installation use and result
6. Operator First observe the list of available data items in the Distance measuring mode In this mode you can measure the Distance and the Intensity of the reflected signal The other data items in the list will be described later so for the moment we shall content ourselves with a brief presentation The Distance LSB data comprises additional 15 bit resolution to the Distance data This topic is described in 9 1 2 For the moment each time you select the Distance data select this data as well The Barycenter data is the position pixel number of the spectral peak on the photodetector The Counter data is a 15 bit cyclic counter incremented at each measured point this data is supplied as a tool for software developers This data is particularly useful in the case of trigger modes The Adaptive mode data and the State data are described in the Advanced Topics chapter Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 19 Rev 1 0 Acuity Next set the measuring mode to Thickness In this mode you measure the two faces of a transparent sample so you have 2 Distances 2 Intensities and 2 Barycenters x CCS Manager BG File Tools HEHU UM Data 1 Distance Y Data 2 Distance v Measurement Measurement Configuration Measuring mode v e Basic Aranci Data transmission o Digital output Thickness Serial port Analog output USB N Trigger uss Mi Encoders cd Ot
7. TRS mode instead 11 8 Maximum rate of Sync in pulses The maximum rate of the Sync in pulses is limited by the cycle time required for the exposure signal reading data computation and data transmission For the Start Stop on State and Start Stop on Edge modes the cycle time is CYCss CYCss 2 Mg Te is the cycle time with no averaging CYCss 1 A Mg Te is the cycle time with averaging Mr is the measuring rate Te Te lt 0 2 ms 0 2 ms A Averaging factor For the Burst mode the cycle time is CYC CYC CYC Mr is the measuring rate Te lt 0 2 ms and N is the number of measured points per burst 1 N Mg Te is the cycle time with no averaging 1 N A Mr Te is the cycle time with averaging pulse rate pulse Start Stop on State 1 CYCss Start Stop on Edge 1 CYCss 1 CYCs Examples for computing the max rate of Sync in pulses Start Stop on State mode measuring rate 100 Hz CYCss 2 10 0 2 ms max rate 49 5 Hz Start Stop on State mode measuring rate 2000 Hz CYCss 2 0 5 0 2 ms max rate 833 3 Hz Burst mode with N 5 measuring rate 2000 Hz CYCg 6 0 5 0 2 ms max rate 312 5 Hz Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 58 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 12 Advanced topics 12 1 Detection threshold Detection threshold is the minimum Intensity level for a peak to be detected Smaller peaks are considered as noise When measuring a do
8. For more information please contact sales acuitylaser com Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 5 Acuity Rev 1 0 2 Safety The CCS Initial is an opto electronic instrument It is safe in normal operating conditions described in this User s Manual Unlike other Acuity sensors products the CCS Initial displacement sensor system does not use lasers and is not governed by the same safety considerations 2 1 Electrical hazards The CCS Initial controller box should be opened by qualified technicians only If opened electrical hazards may exist especially during an inappropriate tampering of the instrument Unplug the instrument from the power outlet before changing accessories maintenance cleaning or changing the lamp 2 2 Optical hazards The optical pen emits a beam of visible light with wavelengths ranging from 400 to 750 nm The flux contained in this beam is smaller than the MPE Maximum Permissible Exposure However it is recommended to avoid looking directly into the optical pen 2 3 General recommendations Do not use the instrument if it has been dropped and shows signs of damage or functions improperly or if the fan does not operate properly In this case do not open the instrument and contact our helpline sales acuitylaser com Repairs should only be carried out by qualified technicians using original replacement parts In case of inappropriate use or failure to comply with the instructions the manufacturer d
9. Object Surface Figure 3 Description of Chromatic Confocal I maging Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 11 p Rev 1 0 Acuity The relation between the position of the spectral peak barycenter in pixels and the axial position of the object distance in um is called calibration lookup table LUT Barycentre pixel ge The calibration LUT characterizing a specific spectrometer and a specific optical pen is measured by the fabricant and loaded into the controller Z mm 4 2 Applications Chromatic confocal sensors are used both in industrial environments for in line inspection during production process and in laboratory environments as high precision instruments Their principal applications are Microtopography measuring the shape of the sample Dimensional control testing whether the size of certain features of manufactured products complies with specifications Quality control identification and characterization of defects on manufactured products Roughness measurement measuring the statistical characteristics of the sample Surface Tribology characterization of mechanical or chemical erosion Thickness measurement Chromatic confocal sensors are fully compatible with the ISO 25178 standard concerning the measurement and analysis of 3D a real surface texture Moreover Part 601 of this standard dedicated to non contact surface measurement cites CCI as the first reference technology Ch
10. may be also used to upload a new firmware version into the sensor Please refer to the Help page describing this feature To access help click on the mark in the menu 15 5 Technical support If after reading the manual you have more questions concerning the optimal way to use the sensor please contact you Acuity for technical support Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 72 tr Rev 10 Acuity 16 Appendix Chronograms The following chronograms describe the temporal behavior of some of the principal tasks performed by the sensor in different configurations The chronograms are not required for standard use of the sensor They are given as an aid to software developers who wish to integrate the sensor in more complex systems The following table defines the 4 configurations Law Trigger mode Data Averaging Frequency mode 1 None __ None ___ _ Single frequency 2 Start trigger Single frequency 3 None AVR 3 Single frequency 4 None None Double frequency The tasks shown are Duration typical values photodetector exposure Texp 1 measuring rate photodetector readout TRO 0 4 ms data processing TPR 80 us Sync out pulse on the Sync out TSO 10 us connector Read the positions of connected digital Starts at the same time as the Sync encoder out if any modification of the analog output 1 cycle time voltage transmission of the data on the digital TDT duration
11. or sharp slope variations In the double frequency mode the sensor switches permanently between two frequencies the low frequency fi long exposure time and the high frequency f2 short exposure time It computes the data independently for each frequency and then selects for each measured point the optimal frequency The criteria for selecting the optimal dia are resumed in the following table as i Saturated Saturated high Saturated ae Saturated 5 Correct Null dt O Each couple of acquisitions one with long exposure and the other with short exposure is called a cycle The sensor delivers one synchro out signal per cycle Measured data is transmitted once per cycle on the digital outputs and updated once per cycle on the analog outputs The cycle rate f is given by the relation 1 f 1 f1 1 f2 10 3 1 Activation The double frequency mode can be activated from the Basic configuration page of CCS manager Or by the DFA command Double Frequency Activation Enable Disable the double frequency mode SDFAb or DFA Parameter Value _ This command is not authorized when the auto adaptive LED or the auto adaptive dark modes are active the query form DFA Is authorized Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 49 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 10 3 2 Frequencies The DFF command sets or requests the 2 frequencies for the mode Double Frequency frequenci
12. signals emitted at the middle of the acquisition cycle default Synchronization mode Select the instant when sync out pulses are emitted SYNb or SYN Parameter Value b 0 1 0 end of the acquisition cycle returned 1 middle of the acquisition cycle Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 63 Acuity Rev 1 0 13 Low level Commands If you use CCS Manager or the DLL for configuring the sensor you may skip this chapter 13 1 Command Language Command language is identical for the two digital I O channels The command language syntax and the basic commands are common to all Acuity point sensor controllers CHR CCS INITIAL However each controller has some specific commands 13 1 1 Command syntax Every command transmitted to the sensor must start by a character Every command must end with a lt CRLF gt carriage return line feed sequence Command name consists of 3 higher case letters When a command has one or more parameters the parameters come immediately after the command name There should be no comma between the name of the command and the first parameter When a command includes several parameters the parameters are separated by commas For query the parameter is replaced by Note in USB communication the entire command should be sent as a single packet 13 1 2Sensor response When powered on the sensor transmits data according to the last saved configuration On receipt of chara
13. 2 Sampling rate In the Single Frequency mode the sampling rate of the sensor may be managed by two methods Selection of a preset sampling rate from a list Preset Rate Definition of a specific sampling rate Free rate or Exposure Time The first method is recommended for most applications In this method the sampling rate is defined by its index The second method provides greater flexibility in the choice of sampling rate The free sampling rate can be specified in Hz or the exposure time inverse of the free rate can be specified in us This paragraph describes the different methods followed by some examples The Double Frequency mode is described in the Auto adaptive modes section 11 8 2 1 Selecting a preset sampling rate The CCS Initial has five preset sampling rates Index Sampling rate HZ Exposure time ps 00 freerate Free exposure time 10000 A preset rate may be selected from the Basic configuration page of CCS Manager or by sending the Preset Rate command Preset Rate Set request the index of a preset sampling rate SRAn or SRA Parameter Value n sampling rate index 2 digit integer O 5 returned Note limited by the min authorized rate Note the command SRAO selects the free rate The value attributed to the free rate may be set by the Free rate command or by the Exposure time command described below Acuity
14. CCl i 11 Acuity Initial Confocal Sensor ii Rev 1 0 Acuity de PRODUC AOS seaoeeentn tenn aaderens a TIA TOTI TEC 12 4 3 Measuring modes iero retorica 12 4 3 1 Distance measuring Mode earren e e 13 4 3 2 Thickness measuring mode i 13 4 4 Measured dala cera 13 4 5 SHV SC ANAM ila 13 Os COmmuynicalioniwvimmhe Inttalasa asa 15 5 1 Via the COS Manager i 15 GAI ene een ee eee ne ene ee ee ee 15 5 3 WIE direct digital Osso eee ie a ic 15 Di Gandolfo eee ney aaa 16 6 1 Connecting to the Initial i 16 6 2 Configuring the SEnSor e 17 6 3 Saving the configuration u i 18 6 4 Selecting the output data ii 19 6 5 Viewing and saving the measured data e 20 6 6 Acquiring the Dark Signal 22 6 6 1 REIZISONTO IS cemesqeuss denen iaa a ENa 23 67 Agdjustingihe LED DMGMINGSS wicince cnccciacscceasscanaalacesonszccensecusnsdosssasexseedessencoduasatencedasceendei 23 6 7 1 Minimal brightness level i 24 6 8 Placing the sample within the measurement range of the optical pen 24 6 9 Sample Rate adjustment ii 25 eO 01 go 1848 2 eee ee eee ee eee eee E eee eee ee eee ee 26 6 10 1 Intensity as a quality indicator 26 6 10 2 Intensity IMages
15. Intial Confocal Sensor 36 Acuity Rev 1 0 8 2 2 Free sampling rate A free rate may be selected from the Basic configuration page of CCS Manager or by sending the Free Rate command The Free Rate command is used to set the sensor sampling rate to a free value between 100 Hz and 2000 Hz or to request the value of the free rate The index of the free rate in the list of preset rates is 0 see table above The last value set to the free rate either by the Free Rate command or by the Exposure time command may be later activated by sending SRAO Note The Processor may modify slightly the specified value of free rate in order to comply with its internal constraints the exposure time in us should be integer and returns the real value immediately after the echo see example bellow Set request the value in Hz of the free rate FRQn or FRQ n value of the free sampling rate in Hz 5 digit integer between 100 and 2000 limited by the min authorized rate Parameter m 5 digit integer between 100 and 2000 is the closest Value returned rate value m gt n such that the exposure time in us is an integer Command FRQ1995 Response FRQ1995 1996 Note 1996 Hz corresponds to an integer exposure time 501 us Example 8 2 3 Exposure time The Exposure time command is used to set request the free exposure time in us The operator can specify any integer exposure time
16. It comprises a menu and two data frames on the top a status bar at the bottom page selection buttons and a Dark button on the left a central zone for displaying the current page and two data bar graphs Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 16 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Data 2 Frame Data 1 Frame Data 2 Selection Data 1 Selection Menu fe r TTT AOA MI 0 366 54 3 37 Data 1 Distance Y Intensity Page Bane selection TT selectio EFC re Data 1 Bar araph Dark a no Button M Data 1 Distance M Data 2 Intensity 10001 DLL Version DLL CHR V2 4 0 Firmware version C X1 5 56 CCS PRIMAFPGA 0101 75 Data 2 Bar Status Bar Current Page here Measurement graph Page Note the Signal page selection button does not appear in the Operator level 6 2 Configuring the sensor Click on the Configuration button on the left side of the Main Rss Window to develop the arborescence of configuration pages 1 Basic Basic page 5 Advanced pages and 1 Expert page Configuration Select the Basic configuration page Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 17 ne Rev 10 Acuity CCS Manager E 352 ggum 3 39 Data 1 Distance Intensity Measurement Basic settings Configuration Chromatic confocal Distance vj Basic L x e Advanced i O Notable Digital output Analog output Refractive index rigger Constant 1 5168 Encoders i Other settings
17. O File 1 standard glass_OP 1 Preset rate 2000 Hz x O Free rate 2000 Hz Mamtenance Low frequency Double frequency High frequency Intensity normalization Type Internal LED External source Brightness control Automatic Manual Brightness pa QX Regulation level Max Connected to sensor CCS_PRIMA 00001 DLL Version 2 4 7 2 E Operator Set the measuring mode to Distance and then select a Preset Rate of 100 Hz 6 3 Saving the configuration The configuration is the ensemble of settings of all sensor parameters measuring mode rate sensor id Led brightness level etc The sensor has two configurations a temporary configuration kept in the sensor RAM a permanent configuration kept in the non volatile memory FLASH memory Each time the sensor is switched off the temporary configuration is lost on startup the sensor recovers permanent configuration This allows the user to test different settings or to adapt the sensor to a particular application without modifying its permanent configuration When you wish that the temporary configuration become permanent you must save it on the FLASH memory Below are instructions for saving to FLASH memory Select a preset rate of 100 Hz Quit CCS Manger Switch the sensor off then restart it Connect to CCS manger again open the Basic page and observe the rate the last setting was lost Set the rate to
18. This procedure generates a refractive index file which specifies an effective refractive index value for each position in the measuring range The file is specific to a given sample type e g a 3 mm BK7 glass anda given sensor The CCS manager software comprises a utility for generating refractive index files accessible from the Tools menu Please refer to the Help utility of this software for a detailed description of this procedure The sensor can hold up to 8 refractive index files in its non volatile memory Existing files may be selected in the Basic configuration file of CCS manager or by command 7 4 5 Measuring the Thickness of opaque samples The Thickness mode can only be used for transparent thickness whose thickness is compatible with the min and max measurable thickness of the optical pen For measuring the thickness of opaque samples the most frequently used method consists of using two sensors looking at each other and located on both sides of the sample with collinear optical axes Both sensor are configured to Distance mode The Thickness of the sample is given by Thickness K D1 D2 Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 33 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Where D1 and D2 are the distances measured by the two sensors and the constant K is determined using a standard with known thickness 7 4 6 Teach functions for thickness measurement In the Basic page set the measuring m
19. USB cable may be ordered from the other vendors 3 1 4 Synchronization signals Two BNC female socket are located on the rear panel dedicated to synchronization signals Sync In 0 5V dc TTL trigger signal from an external device Sync out 0 5V dcTTL output signal at the measuring rate Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 7 Acuity Rev 1 0 3 2 Fiber optics connections Insert the lead of the optical pen fiber optics into the Sensor Input fiber socket on the controller front panel taking care to comply with the correct orientation of the connector Connection and disconnection of the fiber optics lead Figure 2 Connection of the fiber optics lead To connect the fiber optics insert the plug into the fiber socket as shown in Figure 4 until a click is heard as it locks into position To remove the fiber optics from its socket first press on the locking lever then pull the lead out of the socket If your sensor is equipped with an external light source connect the light box to the external source socket located on the controller front panel using the light source fiber optics 3 3 Installing the USB driver and CCS Manager software 3 3 1 Installing the USB driver If you wish to communicate with the sensor using the USB port you should install the dedicated USB driver on the host computer The driver should be installed for each USB port of the PC to which a CCS sensor is connected
20. data cannot be measured and the last measured value is sent the hold last value bit of the corresponding data item in the State data is set cf 814 7 This mode can be configured in the Other Settings configuration page of CCS manger or by sending the Hold last Value command Hold last Value Set request max number of points for Hold last value mode SALT or RIV Parameter Value n max number of points to hold between 1 and 999 returned 8 8 Getting the serial number and the firmware version To know the firmware version of the sensor you may use either the About menu of CCS Manager or send the Version command Version Function Request the firmware version VER String of characters defining the serial number and the Value returned i firmware version Recommendation Before contacting the supplier for after sales service use the VER command and record the response from the sensor 8 9 Saving the current configuration The Save setup command is used to save the current configuration of the CCS Initial sensor on the non volatile memory This is essential for the sensor to be able to retrieve the configuration when it is next switched off and on again If this is not done Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 41 p Rev 1 0 Acuity the next time the sensor is switched on the sensor will lose all the latest modifications made Save Setup Save the cu
21. frequency bit in the State data may be used for this purpose 0 if selected frequency bit 0 Correction 4 V ot if selected frequency bit 1 If the sample is scanned back and forth please note that the sample velocity V is a Signed quantity Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 52 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 11 Synchronization It is often necessary to synchronize the sensor with an external device such as an encoder a motion controller or a photocell indicating the approach of an object traveling on a conveyor belt The Acuity Initial may be synchronized with an external device as master using the Sync out TTL signals as a slave using the Sync in TTL signals or in a mixed mode using both types of signals The Sync in and Sync out signals are OV 5V TTL Signals connected to the coaxial BNC sockets on the front panel of the controller The Sync in signals are used in combination with Trigger modes which specify the way the sensor should respond to rising or falling edges of the Sync in signals The common feature to all trigger modes is that the sensor stops measuring and stands by for an active edge on Sync in connector Trigger modes may be enabled and disabled from the Trigger page of the CCS manager program by the DLL or by low level commands By default all trigger modes are disabled and the sensor transmits data without interruption i
22. is available in three models with measuring ranges of 400 um 4 mm and 12 mm respectively The difference between the three models resides in the sizes of the optical pens the controller is identical for the three models 1 1 Acuity Initial Controller The Acuity Initial controller controls signal acquisition performs signal processing computes the distance and thickness data and transmits the data on the digital outputs RS232 or USB 1 1 1 Description The front panel of the controller features Fiber optic socket for connecting the optical pen USB 2 0 connector 3 LED indicators entitled POWER INTENSITY and MEASURE Initial CHROMATIC CONFOCAL SENSOR Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 1 P Rev 10 Acuity The rear panel of the controller features Power connector male IEC On Off switch Two BNC connectors for Sync In and Sync Out signals RS232 Socket On Off Switch RS232 Port Power Supply 1 1 2 Specifications Measuring modes Distance mode Thickness mode 100 Hz 2000 Hz RS232 up to 460800 baud USB 2 0 In Distance mode 30 bits In Thickness mode 15 bits Input and output TTL OV 5V Extensive trigger capabilities supply Consumption Weight 1920 Dimensions WxHxD 199 mm x 123 5 mm x 277 mm 1 1 3 LED indicators 1 1 3 1 Power LED indicator Green when power is on Off otherwise Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 2 Rev 10 A
23. jitter better than 1 us Once the first Sync in pulse is received the sensor exits the Start on edge Trigger mode and resumes normal operation Additional Sync in pulses are simply ignored A typical application for this trigger mode is for starting successive scan lines during a 2D scan of a sample the excellent repeatability ensures that there is no jitter on the beginning of successive scan lines Additional trigger modes are described in Section 12 Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 28 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 7 1 2 Training To train the system to trigger on the desired signal connect an optical pen to the sensor configure the sensor to the right optical pen and to Distance measuring mode as described in section 6 Launch a Dark signal measurement Place a sample in the measurement range of the pen and adjust the sampling rate and or the LED intensity Connect the Sync in pins on the Interface connector to an adjustable external signal for example a TTL 0 5V pulse generator as described in section 3 1 5 Check that the signal is on OV Select the Trigger page of the CCS Manager software Select the Start trigger type and rising edge as the active edge Click on the Enable the selected mode button to enable the mode CCS Manager Bo SOSIDQHM B27 Data 1 Distance Intensity Measurement Configuration e Bask Activ e edge e Advanced Digital outp
24. of the sensor For some wavelengths Isat equals 99 For others it is lower Example If Isat is 60 and the sensor is on the limit of saturation the measured intensity will oscillate between 60 and 100 and the Intensity LED indicator will oscillate between GREEN and RED Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 26 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Recommendation Measurement quality is good when the Intensity LED indicator is Green If the indicator colour is Red you must increase the rate or lower the LED brightness If it is Orange lower the sampling rate or increase the LED brightness 6 10 2Intensity images In many applications it is desirable to obtain in addition to the 3D measurement a 2D image of the sample which resembles a microscope image This can be done by scanning the sample and displaying the Intensity data In fact the Intensity data gives exactly the same information as one pixel of a camera by scanning one reconstructs the entire image Distance images and Intensity images provide complementary information on the sample the Distance image gives information on the altitude of each sample point while the Intensity image gives information on the reflectivity of each sample point Distance images are often displayed in false color or as 3D images while Intensity images are usually displayed in grey level or as rendered images simulating shadow effects As an example conside
25. on the front panel is correlated to the High Frequency If it is red the signal is saturated at both frequency you must lower the LED intensity or increase f2 If it is green measurement is OK If it is yellow it should be ignored 10 3 7 Synchronization in double frequency mode This paragraph is relevant for applications where the sensor is synchronized with external devices as a master using the Sync out TTL signals and the sensor is configured to double frequency mode In single frequency mode these signals are emitted at the middle of the exposure cycle AS an example with no averaging the exposure cycle is simple the exposure of a single frame so that the sync out pulses are emitted in the middle of the exposure time of each individual frame With averaging of 4 the acquisition cycle consists of the exposure of 4 frames and the sync out pulses are emitted just Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 51 p Rev 1 0 Acuity between the end of exposure of the second frame and the beginning of the exposure of the third frame of the cycle If the sample is moving the instant these Signals are emitted corresponds to the average position of the sample during the exposure In double frequency mode there are two exposures one of which is used and the other one abandoned During the exposure the sensor does not know yet which exposure will be selected the decision is taken only after both images have b
26. samples with a specular mirror like surface For diffusing surfaces the maximal slope angle is higher up to 87 for perfect diffusers 2 Measured on a mirror at 100 Hz with no averaging At high slope angle the intensity of the signal is low 3 Measured in Distance measuring mode 4 Accuracy is the max error inside the entire measuring range measured immediately after calibration at the following conditions Auto adaptive Led mode optimal rate averaging factor measuring rate 10 slope angle 0 5 RMS noise measured on a static sample at the center of the measuring range at optimal rate Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 3 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 6 These values are for a refractive index of 1 5 7 Measured at the center of the measuring range at optimal rate with no averaging Recommendation Metallic samples should be measured with the Acuity Initial 0 4 in particular in applications requiring high resolution such as roughness measurement When measuring metallic samples with the Acuity Initial 4 or Acuity Initial 12 performances may fall short of the above specifications The following table resumes the mechanical properties of the optical pen Optical Pen Model CL2MG140 CL4MG35 CL5MG35 Length with no fiber 208 9 145 5 145 5 Weight g 190 1 3 Fiber optics cable The fiber optics cable is of type multimode 50 125 It is 3 m long When handling the fiber optics lead take care to avoid
27. samples with smoothly variable reflectivity or with smoothly variable local slope e g for measuring a lens Auto adaptive LED Enable Disable the auto adaptive LED mode FARLO or SAAL Parameter Value b 0 1 returned The threshold value for this mode is determined by the Threshold for Auto adaptive mode command Threshold for Auto adaptive mode Set the threshold value for the auto adaptive LED mode VTHn or VTH Parameter Value n 0 4095 higher threshold will result in higher returned measured intensity Recommended values 2500 to 3500 Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 48 Acuity Rev 1 0 Notes The instantaneous intensity of the LED is coded in the Auto adaptive mode data Physically the LED brightness may vary between a minimal level and 100 When the LED reaches its maximal level setting the VTH parameter to higher values will not increase the measured intensity 10 3 Double Frequency mode This mode is useful for samples characterized by strong rapid point to point reflectivity variations such as samples composed of highly reflective metallic motifs deposited on glass For such samples it is difficult to select a measuring rate that is well suited to all measured points as a rate which gives sufficient intensity from the glass surface will generate saturation on the on metallic surface Another example when the double frequency mode is useful is that of samples comprising deep holes
28. transmitted In some applications it is necessary to limit the number of data items transmitted For such applications the sensor may be configured to transmit only the Distance MSB data The Distance data provided by the DLL or the CCS Manager in this case has 15 bit resolution Intensity is the signal level as percentage of the dynamic range of the sensor The meaning of this data is discussed in the tutorial cf 6 10 Barycenter is the position of the spectral peak on the internal photodetector in pixels This data is used in factory for generating the sensor lookup table In Thickness measuring mode There are two Distance data two Intensity data and two Barycenter data for the two faces of the sample one Thickness value Face 1 is the one closer to the optical pen The Distance data and the thickness data are transmitted with 15 bit resolution The Encoder data is data read from up to 3 digital encoders synchronously with the sensor data The value is relative to the Re Center value value at the center of the measuring range determined by the RCD command The Counter data is a 15 bit cyclic counter incremented at each measured point this data is supplied as a tool for software developers This data is particularly useful in the case of trigger modes The Adaptive mode data and the State Data are described in the Advanced Topics chapter 9 1 3 Data Selection Configuring
29. 0 Rev 1 0 Acuity The Terminal allows communicating with the sensor using the specific CCS command language Commands are described in detail later on in this manual For the moment note that commands begin by a sign comprise 3 upper case letters and end with the numerical value of the parameter The sensor echoes the command and then sends ready Note the button Reload sensor parameters below the command terminal This button uploads the configuration again so that the CCS Manager program will refresh its parameter list in order to take the modifications following the commands into account This button has no effect on the sensor it effects only the CCS Manger user interface 7 2 3 Tools Menu The Tools menu gives access to the Preferences page which allows personalizing the program and to two additional dedicated calibration procedures In Situ Distance Calibration CCS Manager Refractive index file generation Thickness E ile Tools calibration or i Refractive index file generation Calibration In situ Please consult the Help pages for more details concerning these features 7 3 Serial communications The easiest means to send commands to the Initial is the Command Terminal of the CCS Manager software This Terminal is user friendly for example it converts lower case characters to upper case and adds missing characters However if you wish to write y
30. 100 Hz again Save the configuration to the FLASH memory in the File menu select Save the current configuration The program asks for confirmation click on OK Quit the CCS Manager program switch the sensor off and on Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 18 tr Rev 1 0 Acuity Connect to CCS manager again open the basic page and observe the rate the last setting was conserved Recommendation When you find the optimal settings which suit your application save the configuration on the sensor FLASH Memory so that the sensor always starts with this nominal configuration 6 4 Selecting the output data The CCS transmits several data items for each measured point Before launching a measurement you should check that the data item s you wish to measure are directed to the right output port the USB port or the Serial port and that the other data items are not transmitted On the left side of the Main Window select the Digital Output page Re ccs Manager DER 354 021 3 52 Data 1 Distance Y Intensity Measurement Measurement i Configuration Measuring mode Chromatic confocal Distance e Basic e Advanced Data transmission o Digital output Distance gt Analog output Distance LSB Trigger m99 i Adaptive mode data gt Encoders Other settings Intensity e Expert Barycenter State Not transmitted Counter USB i Maintenance on C v1 2 64 CCS PRIN
31. 15 Maintenance RR RR A IE 70 15 1 Handling the fiber OpticS ee 70 Vee RR RA E E 70 969 IV AQIMOSUGS FNC sione E 72 15 4 Firmware UD CANS aso ticcnccndeccssesmenceieusndenverisdacnsendeastacncas asivasieticenseadeddswernrannieanaseesanenavessesecanect 72 15 5 Technical support ei 72 16 APPENAK ChRIOROO RMS 73 Table of Figures Figure 3 A modular optical pen with its fiber optic cable a 4 Figure 4 Connection of the fiber optics lead eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeagaes 8 Figure 5 Description of Chromatic Confocal IMaging i 11 Figure 6 Connection Wizard to CCS Manager Program i 16 Figure 7 image left and Intensity image right of a micro lenS 27 Figure 8 Distance Image left and Intensity image right of a scratch on the neck ofa glass DOC dra 27 Figure 9 Trigger Settings Dialog Box in CCS Manager 29 Figure 10 Built in terminal program in CCS Manager ii 30 Acuity Initial Confocal Sensor vi Rev 1 0 Acuity 1 Introduction to the Acuity Initial The Acuity Initial sensor consists of an opto electronic unit controller and a chromatic objective optical pen The optical pen is connected to the controller using a fiber optics cable A CD with the software drivers the CCS Manager program and this User Manual is delivered with each sensor The sensor
32. FOUG gria E E enced ira vi 1 Introduction to the Acuity Initial e 1 1 1 Acuity Initial CONtroller i 1 1 1 1 IS SCF Ola eee E E E A E E ai smenianuswes E I 1 1 1 2 PECICA HONS coenen EEEE ai oe e 2 1 1 3 EED IAC Sai diari iaia 2 te OMO 3 1 3 Fiber optics Cable ii 4 1 4 LONI SOU C sso i 4 We ACCC SSONCS caurarnabsancraesausttsusantavennesnennshumesvtwinngasatevsanaspearesentuasarncsd mavacnnpeusehaeartwoneeasartoss 4 1 5 1 MEtol00Y Sta NDS 5 2 er 6 2 1 Fleche RAZA Srila 6 22 IA Nazioni 6 2 5 Generalriecommendalons aaa 6 2 4 Compliance with the EC regulation 89 336 EEC Electromagnetic Compatibility 6 2 5 Compliance with the RoHS Regulation i 6 oi Installare sa paio 7 3 1 Electrical CONNECHONS PRA RR A EA 7 3 1 1 FOWO patisce iaia rina rina 7 3 1 2 Ro232 COMMING COM sanen a E ob screen one Degen EE Ea EEUE Eai 7 3 1 3 WUSB COR SCO oiran door 7 3 1 4 VIS NO MIZATIO Mr SG ia R E EEDEN ra TE E OESE 7 ni 7 3 2 Fiber optics COMMGC ONS cacasecatrnciea tend cntetcin iaia bic 8 3 3 Installing the USB driver and CCS Manager software i 8 3 3 1 installing THE USB OVET scsce sccnc lt cecssenane Gaenecuaseensaenadasyeeduoeeuissestonsctusdeuplscatenendadtainass 8 3 3 2 LAS TANG INe SONWarG ssrin E O 10 J4 SENEO em 21910 9 ecean ee ene eA na ario 10 4 Basic System Characteristics 11 4 1 Chromatic Confocal Imaging
33. In the latter case the sensor fails to resolve the two surfaces and considers them as a single one The Unmeasured peak handling see section 12 5 command determines the behavior of the sensor in such a case The default behavior is the data relative to face 2 is set equal to the data of face 1 and the thickness is set to zero Recommendation In Thickness mode place the sample in the center of the measuring range to avoid having either one of the faces close to the limits of the range 7 4 4 Thickness calibration refractive index file generation Thickness measurement is less precise than Distance measurement due to several reasons By definition the thickness is computed as a difference so that the noise is doubled The refractive index varies with wavelength and as a result it varies inside the measuring range The sample itself reduces the quality of the optical beam which passes through its volume Thickness measurement is more sensitive to errors in angular alignment The thickness computation is based on paraxial approximation For some application relative thickness measurement is sufficient In this case the refractive index parameter can be set to an approximate value This is a rapid method but it does not yield precise results In order to get metrological precision the sensor should be calibrated in thickness mode Thickness calibration is a procedure requiring a standard with known thickness
34. Optical pen calibration table selection Measuring range in um Measuring range of selected Query only Detection threshold for Distance mode gt Y Detection threshold for Thick mode 1 peak 2 peak Preset rate Id Preset rate selection Rate in Hz Free rate setting Exposure time in us Exposure time setting for free rate Min Authorized Rate in Hz Min authorized rate Query only Max nb of points to hold Hold Last value mode 999 MSP O OS S First Peak mode enabing mode RVS 0 1 Altitude Mode enabling Refractive index value refractive index file id Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 65 p Rev 1 0 Acuity InF 0 n Refractive index file selection parameter value are limited by the Min Authorized Rate Basic Functions returns Min authorized rate id m Cuggino NE gt a memor i Serial number amp firmware version Query only encoder i Digital 1 0 nO ni n15 with Select transmission channel for all ni 0 1 9 data items asc _______ ASCH mode BIN Binaryimode Oo 9600 460800 Baud rate for RS232 Analog 1 0 Analog FO _ Output Id data id OV amp 10 Configuration of analog output values Set Reset OV values Light Source Light source test enabling 0 100 LED brightness adjustment oc ee adaptive modes AAL O 1 Auto adaptive LED mode enabling 0 4095 Threshold for Auto a
35. PI Exposure H j 1 TExp 1 frequency TExp I TExp LJ TExp lt lt 1 ps E Sync Out n TTL 5V Output TSo TSo 10 ps PhotoDetector j2 io j 1 Read Out TRo 0 4 ms i E din TPr TPr TPr TPr ii os Data H1 TDt depends on Transmission S TUO we o connection type Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 77 li Rev 1 0 Acuity Chronogram 4 Continuous Acquisition No Averaging Double Frequency i Frame Counter TExpL 1 LowFreq TExps 1 HighFreq lt lt 1 ps Exposure DISTA CT 5V Output TSo 10 ps PhotoDetector l 1 I Read Out TRo 0 4 ms Processing TPr 60 ps TDt depends on connection type Data Transmission Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 78 li Rev 1 0 Acuity
36. The driver may be installed from the CD delivered with the sensor Connect your sensor to the USB 2 0 port and switch it off Insert the CD and start the driver installation Do not restart the sensor until prompted to do so by the installation program Use a host computer equipped with XP operating system with SP2 or more recent Insert the CCS Manager Utility CD into the CDROM drive The Autorun screen appears Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 8 1 y Rev 10 Acuity Software and USB driver for CCS and STIL DUO sensors For Windows XP SP2 and Windows VISTA operating SYSTEM CCS and STIL DUO User s manual Installer Language PE Please select a language Engish o ooo OD Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 9 1 y Rev 10 Acuity USB DriverX CCS 1 0 9 Setup x Installation Complete Setup was completed successfully Industrielles de la Lumi re Completing the USB DriverX CCS 1 0 9 Setup Wizard USE Driver CCS 1 0 9 has been installed on your computer dick Finish to dose this wizard ullasfi lustul S yatai 24 After the driver s installation from the CD the Windows Add new Hardware wizard starts Select in the first window Not this time and in the following one install automatically If the Windows wizard starts before or during Acuity driver installation leave it beside and come back to it when Acuity driver installation is done 3 3 2 Installing the software From the Autoru
37. a specific control language and acquisition of the measured data As an example the Windows Hyper Terminal gt utility can be used to send the commands and receive the measurements back from the sensor via the RS232 link The Command Terminal of the CCS Manager software can be used with either RS or USB link For communication using the USB port a dedicated USB driver should be installed on the host device The serial link allows baud rates up to 460800 For this link there exist some limitations on the amount of data transmissible simultaneously see section 9 2 USB allows unlimited data transmission at all rates Recommendation All software applications use the same COM port or USB port to communicate with the sensor Remember to always free the port by quitting one application before attempting to connect it to another application Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 15 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 6 Getting started This chapter is a tutorial intended for new users to familiarize themselves with the main characteristics of the Acuity Initial sensor For simplification purposes this tutorial only introduces one measuring mode Distance mode and one communication option the CCS Manager software and the USB digital output We recommend that new users follow this tutorial even if they wish subsequently to use a different measuring mode or another communication option 6 1 Connecting to the Initial Connect the senso
38. anager software Select the different trigger types and observe the graphics showing chronograms of the Sync In signal and of measurement Next modify the active edge selection and observe the modified chronograms Unlike the Start en edge trigger mode which is disabled automatically by the first Sync in pulse received the Start Stop on State Start Stop on edge and Burst trigger modes should be explicitly disabled by commands As long as these trigger modes are enabled successive Sync in pulses keep triggering measurements When all trigger modes are disabled the sensor resumes normal operation and additional Sync in pulses are ignored For all trigger modes the emission of sync out pulses starts and stops at the same time as data transmission The table next page resumes sensor behavior upon receipt of active and inactive Sync in edges in the different trigger modes Active trigger Sensor Response to active Response to inactive Sync in edges Sync in signal edges 1 active edge starts measurement Ignored OT Rermnenmem Start Stop on Starts measurement Stops measurement State Start Stop on 1 active edge starts measurement ignored Edge 2 active edge stops measurement 3 active edge starts measurement And so forth Sees 11 6 Identification of the first point measured after trigger When operating in triggered mode the sensor starts an
39. asurement is performed at optimal conditions it may be used for generating a grey level 2D image of the sample 6 10 1 Intensity as a quality indicator The Intensity data measured by the sensor is an indication of the level of the Signal reflected back off the sample as a percentage of the dynamic response of the sensor Its value depends on several parameters The sampling rate of the sensor The local slope on the sample angle between the optical axis and the normal to the Surface at the point of impact The reflectivity of the sample at the detection wavelength A The brightness of the LED at wavelength A The response of the photodetector at wavelength A The detection wavelength A varies within the measurement range Thus it is not Surprising that the intensity measured at a given point on the sample varies when the latter is moved within the measurement range of the optical pen For each point in the measurement range the value of the intensity varies between 0 and a maximum value Isat Beyond that the sensor is saturated The state of saturation is indicated by an intensity value of 100 as shown in the graph below and by the red color of the Intensity LED indicator Intensity measured by the sensor 100 i Ne ee i we l l cat 7 0 Amplitude of the signal returned from the sample 100 The value of Isat depends on the detection wavelength 0 and may vary slowly within the measurement range
40. ate authorized after Dark acquisition The Minimal rate command may be used to get to get the minimal sampling rate authorized after last Dark operation Get the minimal authorized rate query only FRM Value returned Lowest sampling rate in Hz 8 1 3 Fast Dark The Fast Dark command only refreshes the dark signal for the current sampling frequency and the current LED brightness The signal is refreshed in the sensor RAM without saving the acquisition in the EEPROM If the dark signal measured is too high the CCS Initial returns a not valid lt CRLF gt string and the previous dark signal continues in use This command has two optional arguments n is an integer indicating the number of successive acquisitions to be averaged in order to obtain the reference dark default value 40 m default value 100 indicates the influence of the acquisitions made on the new reference dark according to the formula New Dark m x Average acquisition 100 m x Old Dark Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 35 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Function Acquire the Dark signal for the current sampling rate only without saving in the sensor memory FDK or FDKn m Parameter Value n avera one factor for Dark 1 99 aned m weighting factor 1 100 return Ready or Not valid Note in case the rate or the LED brightness are modified after a Fast Dark command the dark signal should be measured again 8
41. bending the fiber to a radius of curvature of less than 20 mm Dust particles or dirt on the fiber optics tip or inside the fiber connector can result in significant malfunctioning When no optical fiber is connected the socket must at all times be fitted with its protection cap to avoid contamination Figure 1 A modular optical pen with its fiber optic cable 1 4 Light source The Acuity Initial is equipped with an internal light source white LED The light source brightness may be set by command to any desired value between 0 and 100 of the max brightness Alternatively the sensor may be configured to an auto adaptive mode in which the source brightness is automatically adjusted to the sample reflectivity The sensor features an automatic test of the light source A bit in the State data is set in case the LED should be replaced The Light source test may be enabled or disabled and is operational under some conditions 1 5 Accessories The following accessories are supplied with the sensor e USB cable e RS232 cable e A CD comprising the Use Manual this document and the Software Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 4 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 1 5 1 Metrology standards As optional equipment Acuity can supply the following metrology standards 10 um depth groove Roughness standard Ra 0 8 um Optical flats diameter 140 mm or 300 mm Reference sphere Metrology standards may be ordered with or without a certificate
42. between 00500 and 10000 us The free sampling rate is set to 1 000 000 exposure time Exposure time Set request the exposure time TEXn or TEX n value of the free exposure time in us 5 digit integer Parameter between 00500 and 10000 limited by the min authorized rate 8 2 4 Examples In the following dialog the operator alternates Preset rate Free Rate and Exposure Time commands and interrogates the sensor to view the results of each command Read this dialog carefully and make sure you understand the response of the sensor in each case Command Comment Response from the sensor SRA04 Sets the preset sampling rate index to SRA 04 lt CR gt 4 1000 Hz ready Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 37 p Rev 1 0 Acuity a a OUEST the current preset sampling rate Lene E SRR RE ES 90H the sensor for the rate in eer ee ready ua Interrogates ce eee sensor for the exposure Ganid ready 1000 1 000 000 1000 the sampling rate index to 0 0530 ready licia the sensor for the rate in ia 1 000 000 530 the current preset sampling rate FRQ1995 Sets the free rate to 1995 Hz FRQ1995 lt CR gt TEX Interrogates the sensor for the exposure TEX 00501 time in us 501 1000 000 1996 TEX00120 Attempts to set exposure time to a non TEX120 not valid authorized value ready SRAO1 Sets the preset sampling rate index to SRA01 lt CR gt This ends the free rate mode Hz SRA00 Sets the preset
43. cter the sensor stops sending data and waits for the remaining command characters Each received character including is echoed back After processing the command the sensor responds with one of the following strings and switches back to normal operation echo optional parameters ready lt CRLF gt the command has been successfully executed echo invalid cde lt CRLF gt the received command is illegal echo not valid lt CRLF gt the received command is legal put parameter values are illegal echo error lt CRLF gt the command and its parameters are legal but execution has failed The table below shows some examples of commands and sensor responses Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 64 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Command Response Measuring Mode MOD lt CRLF gt MOD 1 ready lt CRLF gt query Acquire dark DRK lt CRLF gt DRK 3 a lt CRLF gt signal Set Measuring MOD1 lt CRLF gt eS ee ready lt CRLF gt Mode Select Distance SOD9 0 0 9 lt CR SOD9 0 0 9 lt CR gt ready lt CRLF gt and Intensity LF gt data to be transmitted on USB port Select Output SOD lt CRLF gt SOD 9 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0ready lt Data query CRLF gt Set ASCII format ASC lt CRLF gt ASC ready lt CRLF gt 13 2 Command List for the CCS Initial pro Basic Settings AVR Averaging value 1 Data averaging 9999 Measuring mode Id 0 1 Measuring mode selection Optical pen Id 0 19
44. cuity 1 1 3 2 Intensity LED Indicator Off if no signal is detected Red in case of signal saturation Green if signal intensity is comfortable gt 5 of the maximum level Orange if signal intensity is low lt 5 of the maximum level 1 1 3 3 Measure LED Indicator Off if no object is detected in the measuring range Green at the center of the measuring range between 15 and 85 of full scale Orange near the limit of measuring range between 0 and 15 of full scale or between 85 and 100 of full scale 1 2 Optical pen The optical pen is totally passive since it incorporates neither heat sources nor moving parts thus avoiding any thermal expansion which could affect the accuracy of the sensor measuring process The optical pen determines the metrological characteristics of the sensor The following table reviews the basic optical characteristics of the three Acuity Initial models Sensor Model Acuity Initial 0 4 Acuity Initial 4 Acuity Initial 12 Optical Pen Model CT2MGISO cames CLS GOB Distance Measuringrange mm oa po e O e _ SE measurable slope angle 128 21 14 Distance Mode Specifications ae _ a Accuracy _ 3 4 nm feo sso Static noise 3 5 with no averaging ce with 10 Thickness mode EEE Min measurable Thickness 75 lt i Max measurable Thickness um 5800 ap emes jm j e Notes 1 The maximum angular slope applies to
45. d stops measuring according to the state of the Sync out signal This signal is usually generated by an external device it arrives to the sensor and not to the user program running on the PC Except Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 55 p Rev 1 0 Acuity in the case of the burst trigger the user program does know how many points are measured during each time the trigger is open As an example consider a case of a sensor located above a conveyor belt The sensor is configured to the Start Stop on state mode and the Sync in signal generated by an optical sensor is high whenever a product is present inside the sensor s field of view The user program has to process the data profiles and identify the products which do not comply with certain specifications This program uses one or more large buffers for accumulating the sensor data The first difficulty that this program has to face is the identification of the limits of each profile in other words the identification of the data corresponding to the first point measured after the sync in signal goes from low to high The solution to this problem resides in the Counter data the counter is reset each time the sensor starts measuring after standby for all trigger modes By configuring the sensor to transmit this data together with the Distance and the Intensity data the user program can easily detect the limits of each profile 11 7 Tr
46. daptive LED mode Auto adaptive Dark mode enabling _ adaptive Dark mode enabling DFA Tt Double Frequency mode activation Frequenc mode activation fi lt f2 lt 1850 Hz setting 0 1 Double Frequency mode intensity selection Start Trigger mode disabling CIN Om n 1 9999 O J Burst Trigger mode enabling and setting enabling Start stop on state Trigger mode enabling OTRE S electactive edge o SYN 0 1 Compatibility with previous modes cf 14 8 Watch dog enabling Multiplex CCS 1 2 or 1 2 3 4 Select multiplex channel Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 66 p Rev 1 0 Acuity DKA minimal authorized rates Dark all channels 14 DATA FORMAT AND DATA ENCODING If you use CCS Manager or the DLL for acquiring the data you may skip this chapter 14 1 Data transmission formats The sensor provides 2 data transmission formats the ASCII format and the binary format Data transmission formats are set by commands 14 1 1 Ascii Format Configure the sensor to ASCII transmission format __ the sensor to ASCII transmission format Command A None returned In ASCII format 5 characters digits are transmitted for each data item The data from the same point are separated by commas and the successive points are separated by lt CRLF gt sequence Example Measuring mode Thickness gt Data selected Thic
47. ding for the Distance measuring mode The Distance is encoded over 30 bits 2 data items MSB and LSB 15 bits each To obtain The Distance in um use the following relation Distance Transmitted value of MSB 2 Transmitted value of LSB Measurement range 23 The measurement range depends on the optical pen To get the measuring range of the currently connected confocal optical pen send the SCA command In some cases 15 bit resolution is sufficient In such cases a simplified relation may be used Distance um Transmitted Value of MSB x Measurement range AA Intensity is encoded over 12 bits 0 4095 To obtain the Intensity in of the sensor dynamics use the following relation Intensity Transmitted Value x 100 4095 Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 68 p Rev 1 0 Acuity The position of the Barycenter pixel index of the spectral peak on the photodetector signal is encoded over 15 bits 0 32767 To obtain the position of the barycenter in pixels use the following relationship Barycenter transmitted value Bs Bo Bs is Barycenter scale Bo is Barycenter offset The default values of these parameters for the CCS Initial are Bs 32 Bo 520 Encoder data is coded over 30 bits and transmitted in 2 words of 15 bits each The Reset value 536 870 912 2430 2 is attributed to the position where the RCD command is sent Each unit equals 1 encoder microstep
48. e Expert configuration page Type AVR25 6 characters sign 3 upper case letters and 2 digits in the Command line and click on the Send button This command sets the temporal averaging to 25 As a result for each 25 successive points the sensor sends a single value As a result data transmission is 25 times slower and the signal to noise ratio is improved by a factor of 5 5 square root of 25 Watch the sensor reply in the Sensor response line Type MODO sign 3 upper case letters and 1 digit and click on the Send button This command selects the Distance measuring mode Watch the sensor reply in the Sensor response line Type BAU115200 and click on the Send button This command sets the baud rate to 115200 Watch the sensor reply in the Sensor response line e Type ASC and click on the Send button This command configures the sensor in ASCII mode wi CCS Manager Bo 354 87um 3 20 Data 1 Distance Intensity Measurement 4 Command Terminal i Configuration Command line e Basic SAVR25 e Advanced Sensor response Digital output sAVR25ready Analog output Trigger Encoders Reload sensor parameters Other settings e Expert Maintenance or CCS_PRIMA 00001 DLL Version 2 47 27 Firmware version C V1 2 64 CCS PRIMAFPGA 010179 Figure 8 Built in terminal program in CCS Manager Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 3
49. e _ b 0 Strongest peak or 1 First Peak Notes In the Thickness measuring mode this command has no effect The detection threshold in this mode is determined by the MNP command This mode is very sensitive to noise In case of false detection of noise peak update the dark signal measurement increase the threshold 12 4 Altitude mode Altitude mode is a feature of the Distance measuring mode When this mode is enabled the Distance scale is reversed Altitude instead of Distance In Distance mode Altitude is computed as Altitude Measuring range Distance In Thickness mode the effective measuring range is n measuring range in air n is the refractive index so that Distance2 may be greater than the measuring range To avoid negative values the Altitudes are computed as Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 60 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Altitude1 2 Measuring Range Distancel Altitude1 2 Measuring Range Distance2 Note that this means that the Altitude origin is not the same for Distance mode and for Thickness mode Altitude mode Enable Disable the Altitude mode RVSb or RVS Parameter Value b 0 Distance or 1 Altitude returned 12 5 Handling of unmeasured peak in Thickness mode It may happen a single peak is detected while the sensor is configured to Thickness mode this may occur if one of the other of the sample faces is outside the measuring range or if o
50. e sample metal paper ceramics the use of the Distance mode is straightforward When measuring thin transparent samples or coated samples it is possible that the sensor sees two signals at the same time the coating surface reflects one signal and the substrate reflects a second one By default the sensor selects the strongest Signal and ignores all other detected signals regardless of the relative positions of the spectral peaks In some applications this behavior is not optimal in the above example the substrate reflectivity is often stronger than that of the coating while one may wish to measure the coating surface The First peak mode described in the Advanced Topics chapter gives a solution to such applications 4 3 2 Thickness measuring mode The Thickness mode is an additional measuring mode dedicated to measuring the thickness of transparent samples In this mode the sensor measures simultaneously the positions of the two faces of the transparent sample and computes the thickness as the difference between these two positions Measuring thickness is more difficult than measuring distance and is less precise It is also subject to some limitations In order to obtain metrological performances in this mode a special procedure called thickness calibration should be carried out Thickness calibration is performed by the user This process requires a thickness Standard The Thickness m
51. e sensor searches for 2 signals reflected from the 2 faces of a transparent sample If they are found it calculates the intensity and distance of face 1 front face i e the nearest face the distance and intensity of face 2 rear face and the thickness All these data are available simultaneously Important To obtain a valid measurement in Thickness mode the sensor should be configured to the correct refractive index Refractive index may be specified either as a constant value or as a file 7 4 2 Minimum measurable thickness The thickness of the sample to be measured must be greater or equal to the Minimum Measured Thickness of the optical pen The Minimum thickness limit is specified in the data sheet of each optical pen and may be found on our website www acuitylaser com If the sample thickness is less than the specified Minimum thickness limit the sensor is unable to resolve the two spectral peaks produced by reflections from the two faces of the sample and considers them as a single peak 7 4 3 Single surface in Thickness mode Sometimes a single surface is detected while the sensor is configured to Thickness mode This may occur if one or the other of the sample faces is outside Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 32 p Rev 1 0 Acuity the measuring range if one of the signals is too weak or if the thickness is smaller than the Minimal measurable thickness of the optical pen
52. e support for example a V shape block Position the sample to be measured in front of the pen and move it forward or backward until the optical pen working distance is reached For pens with a millimetric measurement range the positioning of the sample within the measurement range of the optical pen is easy to achieve simply observe on the Sample surface or on a piece of white paper the luminous spot emitted by the optical pen as the measuring range is approached the spot becomes smaller and smaller and its intensity increases For optical pens with a micrometric measurement range the operation is more difficult position the sample on a stable support on a small manually translating bed with a Suitable pitch lead screw Optical pen NS Optical axis The sample to be measured must be uu ee located in front of the optical pen within the measurement range of the pen Its distance from the optical pen should be approximately equal to the working Workin Measurement 2 distance of the pen distance range As soon as the sample is located inside the measuring range of the optical pen the Measurement LED indicator on the sensor front panel lights on Once the sample is Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 24 p Rev 1 0 Acuity inside the measuring range use the Measurement LED indicator color to adjust its position at the center of the measuring range This indicator is Off If no object is detect
53. e test is to indicate when the light source should be replaced When the light source is the internal white LED this test is not indispensable as this source has a very long life time However for external light sources Tungsten Halogen lamp or Xenon arc lamp is recommended to enable the test as the life time of these sources is shorter Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 59 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 12 2 1 Enabling Disabling the test Activation of light source test Enable Disable the light source test SLPb or SLP returned Note when the light source is an internal LED the test is operational only for LED brightness level 80 to 100 12 3 First peak mode First peak mode is a feature of the Distance measuring mode that is useful for Samples comprising one or more transparent layers e g samples whose surface is partially covered with a transparent coating In this case the sensor sees 2 peaks one from the outer coating surface and one from the substrate For such samples the reflection of the surface beneath the coating may be stronger than that from the outer coating surface For the sensor to detect the first peak instead of the strongest peak which it does by default the First peak mode should be enabled In this mode the sensor selects the first peak that is higher than the detection threshold First peak mode Enable Disable the First peak mode MSPb or MSP Parameter Valu
54. easuring mode is described in section 7 4 4 4 Measured data At each point of the sample the sensor measures simultaneously several data points In the Distance measuring mode the measured data are the distance of the measured sample point the intensity of the retro diffused light beam In the thickness measuring mode the measured data are the distance and intensity of the first sample face the distance an intensity of the second sample face the thickness In addition to measured data the sensor may deliver some additional data counter state The sensor system may be configured to transmit some or all of these data 4 5 External scanning An important characteristics of the CCS Initial sensor is the fact that it is a point sensor in other words at any given instant the sensor measures a single point located on its optical axis In order to obtain a profile or measure an entire surface it is necessary to scan the sample along one or two axes with the aid of some external scanning device Generally the scanning device is motorized in some cases it Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 13 p Rev 1 0 Acuity comprises an encoder for determining the precise position of the sample at any given instant For some applications the synchronization between the sensor and the external scanning device is an important issue The CCS Initial may be synchronized both as a slave and as a master This topic is discuss
55. ed further in section 12 Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 14 ae Acuity 5 Communication with the Initial There are two options for communicating with the CCS Initial sensor The CCS Manager program a DLL direct serial communications via RS232 or USB 5 1 Via the CCS Manager The CCS Manager application may be used to configure the sensor very easily and to view save and print the measured data It is supplied on a CD with the sensor It features a Command Terminal for low level communication with the sensor and allows uploading new firmware versions The application comprises special procedures for in situ calibration and for generating refractive index files In case you have a problem with the sensor this software can generate with a single mouse click a diagnostics data file with all sensor parameters Please join the diagnostics file to any technical question addressed to your vendor 5 2 Via DLL DLL may be used to interface the sensor with a general purpose user program The CHR DLL is intended for user programs in classic C or C language The operating manual of the DLL includes a large number of code samples The Acuity Sensor DLL is intended for all NET compatible languages Labview VB C C CLI etc This DLL features an internal help utility The DLL for the sensor are provided on a CD 5 3 Via direct digital I O The RS232 serial link and the USB link enable sensor configuration using
56. ed in the measuring range Green At the center of the measuring range between 15 and 85 of full scale Orange Near the limits of the measuring range between 0 and 15 of full scale or between 85 and 100 of full scale Troubleshooting If the Measurement LED indicator on the sensor front panel never turns on even though the sample is within the measuring field of the sensor check the following points The fiber optics cable connector is fully plugged into the socket on the front panel A light beam is emitted from the optical pen and the spot is focused on the sample The distance between the extremity of the optical pen and the surface of the Sample is equal to the working distance of the optical pen The sample surface is normal to the optical axis The local slope must be less than the maximal slope angle of the optical pen The sampling rate selected is the lowest shown in the list 100 Hz the measuring mode selected is Distance mode The displacement pitch of the translation bed carrying the sample is suitable for the measurement for example for pen model OP 020 the pitch must be lt 5 um The Dark signal has been correctly acquired If your sensor s light source is internal check that the LED brightness is adjusted to the maximum level 100 6 9 Sample Rate adjustment There are three options for setting the sampling rate The Single Frequency is the simplest option for adjusting the rate i
57. een read and processed For this reason the sync out pulses are always sent at the middle of the short exposure high rate If the short exposure is selected there is no need for correction If the long exposure is selected the sync out is shifted by t relative to the exact instant where they should have been emitted Suppose now that these pulses are used to latch read the position of an encoder and that the sample moves at a velocity V The temporal shift generates a position shift 5x between the position latched from the encoder and the real position at the middle of the long exposure st 0 5 fc 6x V dt Where fc is the cycle frequency given by the relation 1 fc 1 fl 1 f2 In some applications it is desirable to compensate for this shift As an example consider the application where the depth width and slope of a scratch on the surface of a flat surface should be measured Double frequency may be required for this application as the intensity from the slope and or from the bottom of the scratch is very low while the intensity from the flat surface is very high The depth is derived from the difference of the distance values measured on the surface and on the bottom this data is exact there is no need for any correction However the width and the slope involve both sensor data and position data so that correction Should be applied to the position data by post processing The selected
58. es Set Request the 2 frequencies for the double frequency mode Parameter Value fl low frequency f2 high frequency in Hz conditions frm lt f1 lt f2 lt 1850 Hz where frm is the min authorized rate of the sensor 10 3 3 Intensity The intensity measured by the sensor depends on one hand on the characteristics of the sample reflectivity slope and on the other on the exposure time In standard operation mode single frequency the exposure time is constant so that observed intensity variations are directly related to the intensity of reflected from the sample In the double frequency mode both factors vary at the same time so that the interpretation of the Intensity data may be difficult For this reason a new parameter the normalized intensity is computed This is an intensity computed for a fixed frequency the high frequency so that it is directly related to the sample characteristics Let ILF be the intensity measured for the low frequency IHF be the intensity measured for the high frequency The following table shows the difference between the raw standard intensity and the normalized intensity Available intensities in Double Frequency mode Selected Raw Intensity Normalized Frequenc Intensit Low f1 ILF f1 f2 High f2 By default the transmitted Intensity data is the Normalized one This option may be modified from the Basic config
59. he curve at high zoom values See the statistics of the last measurement Modify the number of displayed points Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 20 Rev Lo Acuity EL pipi ppi File Tools 366 5um 3 3 Distance 2 Intensity Measurement Sad OOUE 0 Data 1 Distance In the Data 1 frame on the top of the Main Window the list shows the transmitted data items Distance Intensity and Counter Select data1 as Distance In the Data 2 frame Select Intensity Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 21 der Rev 10 Acuity pm 2500 i Data 1 zoom _ Data 2 zoom 2250 a 2000 80 1750 ral 1500 ba Data 1 slide Data 2 slide 1000 Fo E 500 20 Data 1 scale Data 2 scale 250 i gt iii qie lt _hchhhii Azill i n i 1001 Data 1 Distance Data 2 Intensity Data 1 display toggle Time horizontal axis slide Time horizontal axis zoom sxa Note that each data has its own scale zoom factor and Seta nome ES i slide To access the zoom click on the point at the upper 3 end of the scale You may also zoom with the mouse button 409 i a 00 M pa 358 t E i To save the measured data use the save graph icon Data may be saved either as a screen copy bitmap or 307 po e as digital data text file 6 6 Acquiring the Dark signal The dark signal of the sensor is generated by undesirable back reflections on the optical su
60. her settings a oe e Expert Serial port Serial port v Not transmitted v Maintenance leria N Not transmitted W Not transmitted Not transmitted M to sensor CCS_PRIMA 10 DLL Version 2 4 8 281 Firmware version C V1 2 64 CCS PRIMAFPGA 010179 In the screen copy above the thickness and the intensities are directed to the RS232 while the 2 distances are directed to USB In this way one can connect the sensor to two applications simultaneously e g HyperTerminal on the serial port and CCS manager on the USB port Note Encoder data may be transmitted simultaneously with other data regardless of measuring mode Transmission is enables and disabled from the Encoder page To finish return to the Distance measuring mode which is the principal measuring mode of the sensor Set the Distance Intensity and Counter data to USB and the other data to Not Transmitted On the left side of the Main Window select the Measurement page 6 5 Viewing and saving the measured data Note that each of datal and data2 is displayed in 3 ways Digitally in the Data frame As a barograph to the left and to the right of the graphic window respectively Graphically in the graphic window of the Measurement page The buttons at the top of the Measurement give access to the following functions Start and stop the measurement Print Save and Clear the graphics window Find t
61. hout an RMA number 2 Ship the product to Schmitt Industries postage prepaid together with your bill of sale or other proof of purchase your name address description of the problem s Print the RMA number you have obtained on the outside of the package This device complies with EN 50 081 1 Spurious emission EN 61000 6 2 Resistance to disturbance Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Note This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this device in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense This manual copyright 2012 Schmitt Industries Inc Acuity Initial Confocal Sensor i Rev 1 0 Acuity Table of Contents Procedures for Obtaining Warranty SErvice ii i TUE Or ONON ae i ANS Ol
62. igger configuration 11 7 1 Start TRG trigger The Start Trigger gt command puts the sensor on standby for a trigger signal As soon as an active edge is detected at the Sync in input the sensor starts measuring Additional Sync in signals are ignored Enable Start trigger mode returned To disable this mode without a hardware trigger send a or a CTN command and the sensor starts measuring again Continue Disable Start Trigger mode CTN or Parameter Value None returned 11 7 2 Start stop on state trigger TRN Data is transmitted when the Sync in signal is at the active state The Active state high or low is determined by the TRF command Start stop on state trigger Enable Disable the Start Stop on State trigger Command TRND Parameter Value b 1 0 Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 56 Acuity Rev 1 0 returned OSO 11 7 3 Start stop on edge TRS trigger Data transmission starts and stops alternatively by successive Sync in pulses Start stop on edge trigger Enable Disable the Start Stop on State trigger TRSb Parameter Value b 1 0 returned 11 7 4 Burst TRE trigger When the Sync in signal is received the sensor transmits the data of a preset number n of measured points and stops immediately Each successive Sync in signal triggers the
63. isclaims all liability and the guarantee will not apply See the Acuity Warranty at the beginning of this document 2 4 Compliance with the EC regulation 89 336 EEC Electromagnetic Compatibility The CCS Initial sensor complies with the generic or specific requirements of the following harmonized standards EN 50 081 1 Spurious emission EN 61000 6 2 Resistance to disturbance 2 5 Compliance with the RoHS Regulation The CCS Initial is ROHS compliant Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 6 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 3 Installation and startup 3 1 Electrical Connections The following paragraphs explain how to Connect the sensor to a power supply Connect the sensor to a host computer using either the RS232 port or the USB 2 0 port the two ports may be connected simultaneously Connect the synchronization signals Connect encoders for synchronous reading of position and sensor data 3 1 1 Power Connect a power cable to the main input socket 100 240 Vac 50 60Hz of the Initial controller rear panel Electrical power 40W Fuse rating 5x20mm 1A it is located at the rear panel 3 1 2 RS232 connector A 9 pin female D Sub socket is at the rear panel of the Initial controller The RS232 pin out is described below 3 Re Receiver input 5 Gnd Ground Transceiver output 3 1 3 USB connector The USB 2 0 connector is a standard B type connector An USB 2 0 High speed compliant cable is required Note A
64. ists Step 2 Check if the problem comes from the controller or from the fiber optics connected to the optical pen Disconnect the fiber optics from the controller front panel do not cover the socket with the protecting cap Acquire the dark signal and watch the color of the blinking LED Indicators at the end of the operation If it is orange or red the problem comes from the fiber optics inside the controller If it is green the problem comes from the fiber optics connected to the optical pen Step 3 If the problem comes from the optical pen clean the fiber optics tip Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 70 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Raise the black protecting cap over the fiber optics plug and clean the fiber optics tip carefully Use absorbent cotton or a paper towel soaked with alcohol e g Ethanol or Methanol Perform circular movement so as to push the dust grains away from the fiber tip If you have tried cleaning the fiber tip once or twice and the problem persists it means that the fiber optics is damage In this case replace the fiber optics cable by a new one Step 4 If the problem comes from the controller clean the fiber coupler inside the controller Turn the Initial controller OFF Remove the 2 screws on the Fiber Optic Input connector Pull gently the fiber feedthrough connector out of the controller Unscrew the metallic fiber connector when completely unscrewed pull it out in order to remove i
65. ket to device capable of generating 0 5V pulses such as a signal generator using a coaxial BNC cable If possible select a device capable of emitting a single pulse Check that the signal is on OV e In the Digital output page configure the sensor to transmit Distance and Counter e Select the Trigger page of the CCS Manager software Set Data 1 and Data 2 to Counter and observe the counter data in the two data frames e Select the Start trigger type and Rising edge as the active edge Click on the Enable the selected mode button to enable the mode e If previous steps have been carried out correctly the counter data displayed in the data frames freezes e Send a single TTL pulse to the Sync In input in order to trigger the measurement data transmission starts immediately e Click on Disable the selected trigger mode button e Set Data 1 and Data 2 to Distance and intensity Place a sample in the measurement range of the pen and adjust the sampling rate and or the LED intensity e Click on Enable the selected trigger mode button to enable the Start on edge trigger mode again the Data display in the data frames freezes again e Go to the measurement page set the number of points to 100 e Send a single TTL pulse to the Sync In input in order to trigger the measurement Measurement starts immediately and the cur
66. kness Distance face 1 Distance face 2 The successive measurement points are identified as A B C etc The table below shows the first 36 characters transmitted ASCII transmission format a point a LIL nu e ET i x xX xX x X R LE xX X X X xX 13 i4 as i6 18 20 21 22 as al E NESE ere a cal o O ag 25 26 27 28 32 33 34 35 36 X digit 0 9 DSep Data separator comma PSep Point separator CRLF Note that in thickness mode the distance information is provided with 15 bits resolution one data item Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 67 Acuity Rev 1 0 14 1 2 Binary format In Binary format 2 bytes are transmitted for each data item with no data separator Successive points are separated by two consecutive bytes OxFF decimal value 255 Configures the sensor to binary transmission format BIN None returned Example Measuring mode Distance Selected data Distance MSB and Distance LSB A B C Successive measurement points The table below shows the first 12 bytes transmitted Binary transmission format F F Dist MSB Dist LSB Dist MSB Dist LSB Point A tr Point a B pa i Le iw Cio it da X 1 byte of data PSep Point separator 14 2 Decoding the data All data are encoded as integer number The following rules allow converting them to physical quantities 14 2 1 Data deco
67. l Sensor 45 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 9 2 2 Limits of simultaneous data transmissible The max number of data items transmissible simultaneously per measured point via the RS232 link depends on the sensor sampling rate and on the RS232 link baud rate As far as possible the highest baud rate available should be used Standard RS232 ports on PC mother boards can be configured for baud rates up to 115200 baud The maximal number of transmissible data items at this baud rates is given by the following tables Binary Transmission format 115200 Baud Measuring 1000 2000 rate Hz Number of transmitted Number of transmitted Commercially available fast RS Boards may often work at rates up to 460800 bauds The maximal number of transmissible data items at this baud rates is given by the following tables Binary Transmission format 460800 Baud Number of transmitted Number of transmitted When using these tables please take into consideration the fact that in the Distance measuring mode the distance information may be transmitted with 30 Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 46 p Rev 1 0 Acuity bit resolution using 2 data Distance MSB and Distance LSB The two data should be enabled for transmission In case the user is limited by the capacities of the RS232 link it is possible to transmit the Distance MSB data only Examples Distance measuring RS232 link 115200 baud ASCII format Up to 400 Hz dis
68. mmediately after startup When no trigger mode is enabled rising and falling edges of the Sync in signal are simply ignored 11 1 Sync out signals Synchronizing the sensor as a master means that the Sync out TTL signals emitted by the sensor are used to trig latch the external device The sensor emits one Sync out pulse for each measured point at the middle of the Cycle Exposure Time CET CET EET AVR Where EET Elementary Exposure Time 1 measuring rate AVR averaging factor Example for a measuring rate of 100 Hz the Elementary Exposure Time is 10 ms By default the sensor measures with no averaging AVR 1 so that the Cycle Exposure Time equals the Elementary Exposure Time If the sensor is configured to an averaging factor of 5 the CET equals 50 ms as 5 frames are acquired and averaged for each measured point In the case of double frequency rate please refer to section 11 3 7 The duration of the Sync out pulse high state is 10 us irrespective of the CET Sync out pulses are emitted automatically with no need for any special configuration When the sensor is in stand by for a trigger no sync out pulses are emitted 11 2 Sync in signals Synchronizing the sensor as a slave means that the sensor stands by for a trigger Signal from an external device So long as no trigger signal arrives the sensor is silent it does not transmit any data and d
69. n screen install the CCS Manager program This program is used in the tutorial and the training sections If you intend to develop your own program for controlling the sensor install the DLL SDK Software Developer s Kit 3 4 Sensor Startup If your sensor is equipped with an external light source switch on the light source first then the controller by operating their On Off switches Startup procedure lasts about 10 seconds The LED indicators on the sensor front panel go on and off and the startup message indicating the firmware version is sent on the digital output channels e g High Speed VART COM Initiate lt Acuity Initial V1 3 1 FPGA 011081 Booting sequence At the end of the startup the sensor starts measuring Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 10 Rev 10 Acuity 4 Basic System Characteristics The CCS Initial is a high resolution distance point sensor It is based on Chromatic Confocal Imaging CSI This chapter gives some basic notions concerning the technology the applications and the measuring modes of the sensor 4 1 Chromatic Confocal Imaging CCI Chromatic Confocal Imaging is based on 2 principles Confocal imaging Chromatic coding of the optical axis The Confocal setup is an optical setup in which an optical system generates the image S of a point source S on the surface of the object The backscattered light is collected by the same optical system which images the light spot on a pi
70. ne of the signals is too weak The Unmeasured peak handling command determines the behavior of the sensor in such a case Option 1 default set Distancel Intensity1 and Barycenter1 to measured values of the single peak set Distance2 Intensity2 and Barycenter2 equal to Distance Intensity1 and Barycenter1 respectively set the thickness to 0 Option 2 set Distancel Intensity1 and Barycenter1 to measured values of the single peak set Distance2 Intensity2 and Barycenter2 to 0 set the thickness to 0 Unmeasured peak handling in Thickness mode Function Determine the values of Distance2 Intensity2 and Barycenter2 data in case a single peak is detected while the sensor is in Thickness mode RSPb or RSP Parameter Value n i b 0 Option 2 above or 1 option 1 above 12 6 Watchdog The sensor features software Watchdog i e a permanent test that validates that the sensor operates normally In case it does not the Watchdog resets the sensor after 40 seconds This feature is useful for the case the sensor is blocked due to an incomplete command or another reason in particular for sensors that are not easily accessible It may be disabled and enabled with the Watch dog command Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 61 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Watchdog activation Enable Disable the watchdog WDEb or WDE Parameter Value b 0 1 returned 12 7 Counter State and Auto adaptive m
71. ng points e The thickness of the sample must be compatible with the measurement range limits The sample must be sufficiently transparent The sample must be pulled tight The optical axis must be normal to the surface of the sample The sampling rate selected must be the lowest in the list The two faces of the sample must be inside the measuring range Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 34 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 8 Main functions of the CCS Initial 8 1 Dark signal The Function of the Dark signal is explained in the Getting started chapter Dark acquisition may be launched using the Dark button on the sensor front panel from the CCS Manger Main Window or by sending a Dark command 8 1 1 Acquiring and saving the Dark signal The Dark command records and saves of the dark signal in the FLASH memory of the CCS Initial for all sampling rates in succession If the level of the dark signal is too high for low rates the CCS Initial returns the index of the lowest sampling rate which is usable see Set Sampling rate command and lower sampling rates are inhibited When done the sensor returns to the last sampling rate that was before Dark acquisition Acquire and save the dark signal DRK Value returned Index of the lowest sampling rate usable Note in case the rate or the LED brightness are modified after a Dark command there is no need to refresh the dark signal 8 1 2 Minimal r
72. nhole S The pinhole is placed in front of a photodetector It filters the light rays that can reach the photodetector and for this reason it is also called spatial filter Confocal setups are characterized by an exceptional Signal to Noise ratio In the case of CCI the optical system is the chromatic optical pen and the photodetector is a spectrometer Chromatic coding of the optical axis means that the optical system has axial chromatism each wavelength is focalized at a different point along this axis Suppose now that a sample is present inside the chromatically coded range so that the wavelength Ag is focalized on its surface When the reflected or backscattered beam reaches the plane of the pinhole the rays at wavelength are focalized on the pinhole so they can pass through the pinhole and reach the sensitive area of the spectrometer Other wavelengths are imaged as large spots so they are blocked by the pinhole The spectrometer decoding the sample position by identifying the wavelength Apo The spectrometer signal corresponds to the spectral repartition of the collected light It presents a spectral peak When the object moves inside the measuring range the spectral peak on the spectrometer shifts Polvchromatic Point Source Spectrom eter Chromatic lens optical pen monochromatic image at wavelength iy reflected by the object A Measuring Range continuum of monochromatic images of the light source
73. o different applications be careful in this case to avoid sending conflicting commands The present chapter is dedicated to the basic features related to data transmission The advanced features such as the details of the command language syntax the data format or the rules for decoding the data which are not necessary for most users are not treated here Software developers who use low level commands may find this information in the Advanced Features section of this manual 9 1 Selection of the data to be transmitted 9 1 1 Available data The sensor measures several data items in parallel at each point of the sample The table below shows the available data items for both measuring modes Data item Data items in Distance Data items in Thickness mode index mode Distance MSB Distance LSB Auto adaptive mode data Intensity not used not used Barycenter not used State Counter Encoder 1 LSB Encoder 1 MSB Encoder 2 LSB Encoder 2 MSB Encoder 3 LSB Encoder 3 MSB Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 43 i Acuity 9 1 2 Meaning of the data In Distance measuring mode the Distance is the position of the sample in the measuring range of the optical pen The Distance data may be transmitted either in 30 bit resolution or in 15 bit resolution By default the sensor transmits the distance at full resolution for this purpose both the Distance MSB data and the Distance LSB data should be
74. ode data Besides measured data Distance Intensity Barycenter the sensor also delivers 3 data for controlling the sensor state and for facilitating its integration These data may be sent on the digital output at the same time as measured data using the SOD command or any of the software described in section 5 12 7 1 The Counter data The Counter data is an aid for software developers who wish to check that there is no data loss in their acquisition software The 15 bit counter is reset each time a Trigger signal is received when the sensor is one of the trigger modes TRE TRN TRS or TRG 12 7 2 The State data The State data is an aggregate of various flags bit flag _ _ DOSI AV Baran e HLV Barycentre face 2 Selected frequency DF mode 1 HLV Barycentre face 1 Light source test Failure 2 HLV Distance face 2 Data overflow for RS transmission 3 HLV Distanceface1 1 __ 4 HLVThickness 12 5 HLV intensity face2 13 6 HLV Intensity facet 14 S The HLV bits are set if the corresponding data is not measured but held at last valid value in Hold last value mode Saturation flag indicates signal saturation It is set at the same time the Intensity LED indicator color turns to red The selected frequency flag is significant on double frequency mode only 0 indicates that the high frequency was selected 1 that the low frequency was selec
75. ode to Thickness Set the refractive index parameter value to the average refractive index of the sample in the visible range If you do not know the precise value leave it at its default value In the Digital output page select Data n 0 Thickness Set the other data to Not Transmitted Place a thickness sample in the measurement range of the optical pen such as a glass slide a piece of cellophane a transparent plastic film or any other flat transparent sample If it is a sheet or a film ensure it is pulled tight Also check that the axis of the optical pen is normal to the surface of the sample The sample thickness must be compatible with the thickness measuring range of the optical pen In the Measurement page set the number of points to 3000 and click on Start Move the optical pen slowly backward and forward to bring the two faces of the sample inside the measuring range As soon as the sample is inside the measuring range non zero thickness values appear in the Graphic window Note that of the Measure LED indicator depends only on the presence and position of the first peak it does not tell if a second peak has been detected Note that the displayed thickness values are proportional to the refractive index value Troubleshooting If you succeed to obtain a measurement in Distance measuring mode but in Thickness measuring mode the measured thickness is zero check the followi
76. oes not emit any Sync out pulse As soon as it detects a trigger signal on the Sync in connector the sensor starts measuring and emitting Sync out pulses The Sync in signals are OV 5V TTL signals generated by external devices and intercepted by the sensor The active edge of the Sync in signal is the edge which triggers measurement The active edge rising edge or falling edge may be selected by command The duration of the Sync in pulses should be at least 1 2 us Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 53 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 11 3 The Start on edge trigger mode The simplest trigger mode is the Start on edge trigger It is enabled by sending the TRG command either from the Command Terminal or from the Trigger page of the CCS Manager program On receipt of the command the sensor stands by for the trigger signal Measurement starts as soon as an active edge is detected at the Sync in input with repeatability jitter better than 1 us Once the first Sync in pulse is received the sensor exits the Start on edge Trigger mode and resumes normal operation Additional Sync in pulses are simply ignored A typical application for this trigger mode is for starting successive scan lines during a 2D scan of a sample the excellent repeatability ensures that there is no jitter on the beginning of successive scan lines 11 4 Training e Connect the Sync in soc
77. of data transmission is outputs very variable it depends on the connection type RS or USB and of the digital output configuration SOD command and data format Chronogram Description 1 Frames For each individual frame the steps are Exposure Photodetector Readout Processing Frames are handled as a pipeline at the same time that frame i is being exposed frame i 1 is read and frame i 2 is being processed 2 Cycles Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 73 p Rev 1 0 Acuity A cycle corresponds to one measurement With no averaging the cycle is a single frame in Single Frequency mode or a couple of frames one with long exposure and one with short exposure in Double Frequency mode For averaging factor N the cycle consists of N frames Single Frequency mode or N couples of long exposure short exposure in Double Frequency mode For each cycle the steps are Case I Continuous Acquisition All the frames of the cycle are exposed successively One Sync Out pulse is emitted In Single Frequency mode the pulse is emitted in the middle of the exposure of the cycle In Double Frequency mode the pulse is emitted in the middle of the exposure of the N short frames N21 At the same time as the Sync Out pulse the sensor reads the position of all connected encoders if any When the processing of the last frame of the cycle is done the data and eventually
78. our own software using low level communication it is useful to get some training in using a standard RS232 utility such as HyperTerminal for communicating directly with the sensor In the CCS program select the Digital Output page and Send Data n O Distance to the serial port the other data items to Not Transmitted If the CCS Manager application is connected to the sensor RS232 port you must quit it to release the sensor serial port If it is connected to the sensor USB port you may leave it connected as the two channels are independent Connect your sensor to a free COM port of the host computer as described in section 3 1 2 Most computers have at least one RS232 port available COM1 Otherwise use a USB to RS232 converter and follow the instructions included with that hardware for its installation Note the assigned serial port Most PC computer running Microsoft Windows has Hyperterminal installed In the Start menu of your PC select Programs Accessories Communication Hyper Terminal utility If your PC does not have Hyperterminal visit the Acuity website for an alternate terminal emulator Name your session and then click on OK In the Connect using field select the COM port of your computer which is physically connected to the sensor In the Port parameters window configure the link as follows bits per second 115200 Acuity Intial Confocal Sen
79. r the following pairs of Distance and Intensity images Figure 6 Distance Image left and Intensity image right of a scratch on the neck of a glass bottle All measured data are available simultaneously so the distance and intensity images may be obtained in a single scan 7 Advanced Configuration This chapter is a tutorial intended for users having acquired some initial experience with the CCS Initial sensor in the Distance measuring mode and using the CCS Manager application This tutorial covers the following topics Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 27 Rev 10 Acuity Synchronizing the sensor with external devices Synchronizing the sensor with digital encoders Synchronization signals and Trigger modes More about the CCS Manger program Help Utility Communication with the sensor via the CCS Manager Command Terminal The Tools menu Communication with the sensor via RS232 serial link using the Windows Hyper Terminal gt utility The Thickness measuring mode 7 1 Synchronizing the sensor with other devices It is often necessary to synchronize the sensor with an external device such as an encoder a motion controller or a photocell indicating the approach of an object traveling on a conveyor belt When the external device to be synchronized with the sensor is a digital encoder this task is particularly easy as it is performed automa
80. r to a power supply as described in section 3 1 1 Connect it toa free USB 2 0 port of your computer as described in section 3 1 3 Make sure the dedicated USB driver has been previously installed on the computer Switch the sensor ON and start the CCS Manager program This program has four access levels The Operator level requires no password This level allows configuring the sensor launching a measurement viewing and saving the data as time profiles The User level requires a password please contact your vendor to receive it The User level allows in addition to the above operations viewing the photodetector signal The two other levels are reserved For this tutorial you can enter either in the Operator level or in the User level The Connection wizard window opens Connection wizard nportant o get correct measurements please check that signal intensity is T Connecting to device Figure 4 Connection Wizard to CCS Manager Program The program s default configuration connects to the CCS device via the USB link If you wish to connect to the serial link click on Parameters and check the Serial link option and then click on Connect The program will scan all available USB ports on the host computer until it finds the sensor and will start the connection process including download of the entire sensor configuration The CCS Manager Main Window appears
81. re are two modes for doing this Manual and Automatic This section describes the Manual mode The Automatic LED mode is described in the Advanced Topics chapter The LED emission is modulated at a high rate 100 kHz The effective brightness is determined by the cycle ratio percentage of the exposure time for which the LED is on Set the level control to Manual and move the Brightness slide to the right until the brightness level is 100 Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 23 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Place a piece of white paper in front of the optical pen and observe the spot of light emitted by the sensor Move the paper forward and backward to find the focus plane where the spot brightness is maximal Move the brightness slide to the left to get a brightness level of 0 The light spot disappears Try intermediate values To finish set the LED to maximal brightness again 6 7 1 Minimal brightness level For each frequency there exists a minimal brightness level below which the LED cannot go Measuring Rate Minimal brightness Maximal brightness level level Up to 500 Hz 100 500 Hz 2000 Hz 100 The operator sets the LED The sensor behavior to level X The LED goes off X lt Minimal level The LED is practically set to the minimal level X gt Minimal level The LED is set to level X 6 8 Placing the sample within the measurement range of the optical pen Mount the optical pen on a suitabl
82. rfaces inside the sensor This signal must be measured and saved to the non volatile memory so that it can be subtracted from the measured signal The level of the Dark signal depends on the sampling rate and on the LED brightness A dark signal acquisition is performed during adjustment by the manufacturer but must be repeated at regular intervals Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 22 MERI Rev 1 0 Acuity Recommendation The dark signal acquisition procedure should preferably be performed at least a quarter of an hour after switching on the sensor in order to ensure that sensor has reached thermal equilibrium Dark signal measurement may be launched either by pressing the Dark button on the sensor front panel or by clicking on the Dark button on the CCS Manager software or more generally by sending the DRK command to the sensor This operation may take a few dozens of seconds as the sensor measures and saves the Dark signal at all pre set frequencies successively In order to perform a dark signal acquisition it is essential to have no object within the measurement field or even better to blank off the light beam by applying a piece of paper over the tip of the optical pen Press the Dark button on the front panel of the sensor The Intensity and Measure Led indicators on the front panel blink on and off in green alternatively to indicate that the operation is in progress Keep the op
83. romatic confocal sensors can measure samples made of practically any type of material glass ceramic plastic semiconductor metal fabric paper leather They can measure polished surfaces mirrors lenses wafers as well as rough ones The optical characteristics of the optical pen and in particular the spot size the axial resolution and the maximal slope angle should be suited to the size and slope of the features present on the sample to be measured Metallic objects should be measured with the CL1 or the CL2 optical pens in particular when measuring roughness or in applications requiring high resolution When measuring metallic objects with optical pens whose spot size is larger performances may fall short of specifications The amount of degradation depends on microstructure of the metallic surface 4 3 Measuring modes Chromatic confocal sensors have two measuring modes Distance and Thickness Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 12 p Rev 1 0 Acuity The principal measuring mode of the CCS Initial is the Distance mode The sensor is calibrated and tested in this mode Acuity can furnish a calibration certificate attesting to these test results 4 3 1 Distance measuring mode The Distance measuring mode is dedicated to measuring the altitude of points located on the surface of a sample The distance data is transmitted with 30 bit digital resolution When measuring height profiles on an opaqu
84. rrent configuration in the sensor EEPROM SSU none returned The configuration can also be saved using the CCS manager Menu Recommendation Use the Save Setup command to avoid the sensor losing the configuration when the equipment is switched off 8 10 Resetting the sensor Resetting the sensor means recovering the factory default values for all parameters Files saved in the sensor non volatile memory Calibration lookup tables dark signal refractive index files are not affected by this operation but current configuration is irreversibly lost To reset the sensor proceed as following Press simultaneously the 2 buttons Dark button and Set Zero button located on the sensor front panel for more than 3 seconds When you let off the 2 buttons The 3 LED indicators blink in yellow Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 42 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 9 Digital Outputs The CCS Initial features two types of digital I O USB 2 0 RS232 serial link The USB link is destined both for sending commands and for data acquisition For this link all measured data may be transmitted at all rates The RS232 is destined Initialrily for sending commands to the sensor At low measuring rates this link allows data transmission At medium rates the number of transmissible data is limited and at 2000 HZ it is not possible at all These limitations are described in section 9 2 The two links may be connected simultaneously to tw
85. rther in this chapter Before sending the SOD command check that the number of data items selected is compatible with these parameters in order to avoid data overflow There is no limitation on the number of transmitted data items for the USB link 9 2 Specific features of the RS232 link The RS232 connector at the CCS Initial controller back panel should be connected to a free COM Port on the host computer or on the device used for communicating with the sensor using a direct non crossed serial link wire as described in section 3 1 2 No specific driver is required The baud rate of the sensor RS link should be matched to that of the host computer 9 2 1 Configuring of the COM port of the host computer The host computer COM port should be configured as follows Data bits 8 Parity None Stop bit 1 Flow control None Transmission baud rate As high as possible matched to the sensor baud rate The CCS Initial offers baud rates up to 460800 bauds Note that standard PC COM ports COM1 and COM2 are limited to 115200 bauds for higher baud rates a dedicated RS board is required The Baud rate command sets the baud rate of the CCS Initial RS link Baud Rate Set request the sensor RS baud rate BAUn or BAU n 9600 or 19200 or 38400 or 57600 or 115200 or 230400 or Parameter 460800 Note that this command has no effect on the PC baud rate that should be set independently Acuity Intial Confoca
86. s obtained License Terms And Conditions a You are granted a non exclusive perpetual license to use the Software solely on and in conjunction with the product You agree that the Software title remains with Schmitt Industries Inc at all times b You and your employees and agents agree to protect the confidentiality of the Software You may not distribute disclose or otherwise make the Software available to any third party except for a transferee who agrees to be bound by these license terms and conditions In the event of termination or expiration of this license for any reason whatsoever the obligation of confidentiality shall survive c You may not disassemble decode translate copy reproduce or modify the Software except only that a copy may be made for archival or back up purposes as necessary for use with the product d You agree to maintain all proprietary notices and marks on the Software e You may transfer this license if also transferring the product provided the transferee agrees to comply with all terms and conditions of this license Upon such transfer your license will terminate and you agree to destroy all copies of the Software in your possession Procedures for Obtaining Warranty Service 1 Contact your Acuity distributor or call Schmitt Industries Inc to obtain a return merchandise authorization RMA number within the applicable warranty period Schmitt Industries will not accept any returned product wit
87. s by selecting one of the preset rates in the list A second option consists of selecting a free rate this option is described in section 8 3 The Double Frequency option is described in the Auto adaptive modes in section 11 In this tutorial we shall use preset rates only When the sample is within the central part of the measurement range of the optical pen select the optimal preset rate in the list the signal should be strong but not saturated You can know if the signal is too strong or too weak by watching the Intensity LED indicator This indicator is Off if no signal is detected Red in case of signal saturation Green if signal intensity is comfortable gt 5 of the maximum level Orange if signal intensity is low lt 5 of the maximum level If the indicator is red you should increase the sampling rate or decrease the LED brightness If it is orange you should lower the sampling rate or increase the LED brightness Recommendation Always set the Rate and the LED Brightness so that the Intensity LED Indicator is green When the signal is low yellow Intensity LED Indicator or saturated red Intensity LED Indicator the sensor still measures but measurement quality may be deteriorated Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 25 al e Rev 1 0 Acuity 6 10 Intensity data The Intensity data has a dual roles it often serves as a quality indicator for validating that the me
88. sampling rate index to SRA00 lt CR gt O free rate ready FRQ Interrogates the sensor for the rate in FRQ 1996 HZ 1996 is the last value attributed to the free rate 8 3 Measuring modes The different measuring modes are described in the Going further chapter The measuring mode can be selected from the Basic configuration page of CCS manger or by sending the Mode command Measuring Mode Set request the current measuring mode MODn or MOD Value returned n Id of the measuring mode 0 1 Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 38 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 8 4 Refractive index The sample refractive index is necessary in the Thickness measuring mode Refractive index can be set from the Basic configuration page of CCS manger or by sending the Refractive Index command 8 4 1 Setting a constant refractive index Refractive Index Function Set request the sample refractive index Command SRIx or SRI Value returned x sample refractive index up to 4 decimal digits Example SRI1 5120 8 4 2 Selecting a Refractive index file Refractive index file are used to describe the variation of refractive index within the measuring range see Advanced Topics in section 14 The Refractive index file command is used to load a previously saved refractive index file Refractive index file Set request the sample refractive index INFn 0 constant refractive index de
89. sor 31 p Rev 1 0 Acuity data bits 8 parity none stop bits 1 flow control none Select the File Properties menu then in the window which opens the parameters tab Click on the ASCII configuration button In the ASCII Configuration window check the first and third boxes of the ASCII reception frame This will add lt LF gt after each lt CR gt received No box should be checked in the ASCII transmission frame Click twice on OK to return to the main window The utility is now ready for communication with the sensor Using the PC s keyboard enter AVR33 then press Enter This command configures the averaging factor at 33 Data output is 3 times faster as averaging changed from 99 to 33 Enter AVR then press Enter to interrogate the sensor on the averaging value Observe the sensor response AVR 33 ready displayed on PC screen Enter MOD then press Enter to interrogate the sensor on the current measuring mode Observe the response Enter SCA then press Enter to interrogate the sensor on the measurement range of the current optical pen Observe the response Enter SRA then press Enter to interrogate the sensor on the current sampling rate Observe the response Quit the HyperTerminal utility to release the sensor serial port 7 4 Measuring thickness 7 4 1 The Thickness measuring mode In the Thickness measuring mode th
90. surements by the sensor improves the signal noise ratio When the averaging factor is greater than 1 the sensor transmits the data at the rate fp Fp fs M Where fp data transmission rate fs sampling rate 1 exposure time M averaging factor Thus for a sampling rate of 1000 Hz and an averaging factor of 10 the sensor provides 100 measurement points per second In order to obtain measurements without averaging set the averaging to 1 Averaging is especially useful for difficult samples for which the signal is low even at the minimum sampling rate Sometimes averaging is used simply to reduce the data transmission rate Recommendation Do not use high averaging for moving samples this reduces the transverse resolution and may cause false measurements Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 40 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Averaging can be set from the Other Settings configuration page of CCS manger or by sending the Data averaging command Set request data averaging n or AVR Parameter Value n averaging between 1 and 9999 returned 8 7 Holding the last valid value The Hold last value mode is useful for samples with a great number of non measurable points due to large local slopes or to a very low reflectivity When measuring such samples it may be convenient that the value delivered for those positions will not be zero Instead the sensor sends the last valid measurement Note if a given
91. t from the feedthrough connector The fiber extremity is now exposed Clean it carefully with alcohol soaked cotton Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 71 P Rev 10 Acuity Replace the optical fiber on the feedthrough connector Insert carefully the feedthrough connector into the blue box Fasten the 2 screws Restart the controller and launch a new a dark measurement 15 3 Diagnostics File The CCS Manger program can collect automatically the sensor configuration and generate a diagnostics file Diagnostics file can be generated by a simple mouse click from the Maintenance page of this program and saved to the computer hard disk if your computer is connected to Internet you may email the file directly Whenever you contact your vendor for technical support do not forget to join this file to your query CCS Manager Seles File Tools 339 31H 304 GHM Data 1 Distancel Data 2 Distance2 1998 Measurement Firmware update E Configuration Click on the Start update button to load a new firmware version Path to firmware path ee Send files to sensor gs Refractive index files Calibration table Click on the Start Diagnostics button to generate a diagnostic file Save file Folder path O Send file Emailaddress afiersale stilsacom version 2 4 7 2 7 Firmware version C V1 2 64 CCS PRIMAFPGA 0101 79 15 4 Firmware update The Maintenance page of CCS Manager
92. tance data may be transmitted at full resolution At 1000 Hz distance data may be transmitted at 15 bit resolution At 2000 Hz no data may be transmitted If the Binary format is used the distance may be transmitted at full precision up to 1000 Hz and at 15 bit precision up to 2000 Hz Distance measuring RS232 link 460800 baud ASCII format The RS232 may transmit full resolution distance 2 data Intensity 1 data up to 2000Hz Data overflow In case the number of transmitted data items specified by the SOD command exceeds the limit the Error led indicated turns to orange and the data overflow bit in the State data is set 9 3 Specific features of the USB link 9 3 1 USB driver Before using the USB channel a dedicated driver should be installed on the PC This driver requires XP Operating system with SP2 or more recent refer to section 3 3 9 3 2 Using the USB link The USB connector at the CCS Initial controller front panel should be connected to a free USB Port on the host computer as described in section 3 1 3 For communicating with the sensor via the USB link it is recommended to use one of the software described in 5 CCS Manager or CHR DLL and not low level communication Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 47 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 10 Auto adaptive modes The CCS Initial features three auto adaptive modes the auto adaptive dark mode the auto adaptive LED mode and the
93. ted Note This bit replaces the Trigger Flip flop bit of previous versions The Trigger Flip Flop bit was redundant with the Counter data The light source test failure flag indicates lamp should be replaced Note that this bit is set at the same time as the Error LED indicator turns red If the light source test is disabled or if the LED brightness is set to a level lower than 80 this bit is always zero Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 62 a Acuity The data overflow flag indicates that the number of transmitted data directed to the RS232 port exceeds the max number of transmissible data cf 9 2 Note that this bit is set at the same time as the Error LED indicator turns Orange Note for multiplexed sensors see section 13 5 12 7 3 The Auto adaptive mode data In the Auto adaptive LED mode this data contains the instantaneous LED brightness coded over 8 bits 0 255 This may be useful for analyzing the relative intensity of the signal returned from the sample as in this mode the Intensity data is practically constant Relative Intensity measured Intensity n n Auto adaptive mode data value 12 8 Synchronization mode For compatibility with earlier firmware versions the Synchronization mode command allows choosing between two modes Sync out signals emitted at the end of the acquisition cycle like in previous versions Sync out
94. termined by last SRI Parameter command n 1 8 id of an existing refractive index file s file name Values returned x1 x2 x3 the minimal the maximal and the average refractive index values in the file Command INF3 or INF Response INF3 BK7 1 5090 1 5253 1 5133 Example Command INFO Response INFO CONSTIND 1 520 1 520 1 520 a Serial name CONSTIND attributed in case the file id is 0 Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 39 a Acuity 8 5 Adjustment of the LED brightness Note the only type of light source that can be adjusted by command is the LED internal light source LED Brightness can be set from the Basic configuration page of CCS manger or by sending the LED brightness command LED brightness Set request the sample refractive index LEDn or LED Value returned n brightness level 0 100 For each frequency there exists a minimal brightness level below which the LED cannot go Measuring Rate Minimal brightness Maximal level brightness level LEDO puts the LED off LEDX with X lt Minimal level sets the LED to the minimal level LEDX with X gt Minimal level sets the LED to level X In addition to the LED command the CCS features an auto adaptive LED mode in which the sensor adapts itself automatically to the reflectivity of the measured sample This mode is described in the Auto adaptive modes chapter 8 6 Averaging The averaging of the mea
95. the encoder position is transmitted on the digital port and the voltage analog outputs is refreshed Case II Triggered acquisition The sensor stands by for Incoming Trigger pulse on the Sync in connector During stand by nothing comes out of the sensor but acquisition goes on internally Upon reception of the trigger the current exposure is aborted and the exposure of a new frame starts immediately cf chronogram 2 The same steps as in case I follow Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 74 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Chronogram 1 Continuous Acquisition No Averaging Single Frequency i Frame Counter 1 i j 3 TExp 1 frequency Exposure lt lt 1 ps I i 1 2 3 TTL 5V Output Sync Out A A TSo 10 ps T50 PhotoDetector a dl Read Out TRo 0 4 ms Processing TPr 60 ps Data l 2 l 1 i 1 TDt depends on i t connection type Transmission Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 75 li Rev 1 0 Acuity Chronogram 2 Sync In Exposure Sync Out PhotoDetector Read Out Processing Data Transmission Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 76 li Rev 1 0 Acuity Start Trigger Active Edge Rising No Averaging Single Frequency 1 2 3 Frame Counter TExp 1 frequency lt lt 1 ps TTL 5V Output TSo 10 ps TRo 0 4 ms TPr 80 ps TDt depends on connection type Chronogram 3 Continuous Acquisition Averaging 3 Single Frequency i Frame Counter j Acg Counter
96. the digital output means determining for each individual data item whether or not it is to be transmitted and eventually on which type of digital output This can be done from the Digital Output configuration page of CCS manger or by sending the Set Digital Output Data command Set Digital Output Data Set request which data is to be transmitted via the serial link SOD Command nO n1 n2 n3 n4 n5 n6 n7 n8 n9 n10 n11 n12 n13 n14 n15 or SOD Ni O data not transmitted or 1 data transmitted on RS serial link or 9 data transmitted on USB i 0 15 index of the data item Parameter Value returned Note The last null values may be omitted for convenience e g SOD9 9 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 may be replaced by SOD9 9 0 9 Examples Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 44 p Rev 1 0 Acuity In Distance measuring mode for the sensor to transmit the values of the Distance and Intensity at each measurement via the RS link the following command must be sent SOD1 1 0 1 In Distance measuring mode for the sensor to transmit the value of the Distance only via the USB link the following command must be sent SOD 9 9 In Thickness measuring mode for the sensor to transmit the Thickness on USB and the Counter on RS232 the following command must be sent SOD9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Warning For the RS link the transmission capacity depends on the sampling rate and the data format see fu
97. tical pen tip blanked off When measurement is done the 3 LED indicators blink on and off simultaneously and their color indicates the result of the operation Green if the level of the acquired dark signal is satisfactory at all rates Orange if the dark signal level is too high at low rates but it is still possible to measure at higher rates Red if the dark signal level is too high at all rates The piece of paper can now be removed and the sensor can be used in the normal way 6 6 1 Related topics High Dark signal If after completion of the dark acquisition sequence the color of the blinking LED indicators is orange or red this means that the acquired dark Signal is too high In this case it is not possible to configure the sensor to the lowest measuring rate or rates If the problem persists see instructions in the Maintenance section 17 2 Auto adaptive Dark The CCS features an operation mode auto adaptive dark mode in which the dark signal is permanently updated This mode is described in the Advanced Topics chapter Fast Dark see section 8 2 Measuring the Dark of a Multiplexed sensor see section 13 2 6 7 Adjusting the LED brightness Select the light source type corresponding to your model Internal LED or External source If your sensor is equipped with an external light source please skip this paragraph Internal LEDS brightness may be controlled by command The
98. tically by the CCS Initial refer to section 12 For other types of devices analog encoders motion controllers synchronization may be achieved using synchronization signals and Trigger modes The CCS Initial may be synchronized with an external device as master using the Sync out TTL signals as a slave using the Sync in TTL signals or in a mixed mode using both types of Signals Trigger modes specify the way the sensor should respond to rising or falling edges of the Sync in signals The common feature to all trigger modes is that the sensor stops measuring and stands by for an active edge on Sync in connector Trigger modes may be enabled and disabled from the Trigger page of the CCS manager program by the DLL or by low level commands By default all trigger modes are disabled and the sensor transmits data without interruption immediately after startup When no trigger mode is enabled rising and falling edges of the Sync in signal are simply ignored 7 1 1 The Start trigger mode The simplest trigger mode is the Start on edge trigger It is enabled by sending the TRG command either from the Command Terminal or from the Trigger page of the CCS Manager program On receipt of the command the sensor stands by for the trigger signal Measurement starts as soon as an active edge is detected at the Sync in input with repeatability
99. transmission of new group of n measured points until the mode is disabled Burst trigger number of points to latch TREn to enable the mode or TREO to disable the mode n number of points to latch on each Sync in pulse 1 returned 9999 11 7 5Selecting the active edge active state The TRF command allows to select the active edge i e the edge which triggers measurement rising or falling edge In the case of Start Stop on State trigger mode this command selects the active state high or low Active edge active state Determines which edge is active for TRG TRE TRS Trigger modes Determines which state is active for TRN Trigger mode b 0 for rising edge and high state returned b 1 for falling edge and for low state 11 7 6 Software trigger The STR command may be used as software trigger in the TRE and TRS trigger modes Obviously the software trigger does not have the temporal precision of the hardware trigger Software Trigger Replace a hardware trigger in the TRE or TRS modes Command STR Parameter Value None returned Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 57 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Trouble shooting The Command Terminal of the CCS Manager command does not handle the STR command correctly The software trigger is not available in the TRN mode since it simulates a pulse not a state If you wish to use software trigger use the
100. uble peak the noise level is often higher For this reason the CCS controllers feature 3 distinct detection thresholds Detection threshold for Distance strongest peak measuring mode Distance 1 peak measuring MNPx or MNP mode Thickness measuring mode strongest peak Thickness measuring mode weaker peak The value of the SDP parameter should always be set smaller or equal to the value of the SPP parameter In most cases the factory default values of the detection thresholds are optimal It is recommended that non expert users do not modify these values without consulting the fabricant Experienced users may decrease the thresholds down to 0 005 for measuring difficult Samples in metrological lab conditions or increase it up to 0 050 when the noise level is particularly high High temperature dark signal rarely updated non optimal measuring rate etc Another case when it may be necessary to increase the detection threshold is when measuring a double peak or a volume scattering sample Detection thresholds should be matched to the noise level and not be used as a means for peak selection Troubleshooting The physical quantity which is compared to the threshold is the raw signal after dark subtraction and not the preprocessed signal shown in the Signal page of CCS manager software which is a normalized quantity 12 2 Light source test The purpose of the light sourc
101. uity 9 3 2 Usma th USB INA ritiene ao 47 Auto adaptive OG SS ee caps ace sacs stecncci ap osogeesaesenacee anata fancsetssap sence tseeteaeatenerabeageszedseesareee 48 10 1 lt Au to adaptive Dark Modena rei 48 10 2 Aut adaptive LED MOGE isccccccrcescccsatseeeesie denesacdaniieepeaidassntavadecebsesusgaushcesuctaadabese lt hen i 48 10 3 Double Frequency Mode 49 10094 ACIN WO eere E E A A pra 49 Oaoa FP oUnI Srila 50 ps leccio 50 10 3 4 Selected frequency DIt i 50 10 3 5 Compatibility with other commands Modes 51 10 3 6 Intensity LED indicator in Double Frequency Mode 51 10 3 7 Synchronization in double frequency mode cccsceeeeceeesseeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeas 51 11 Se PRA 53 ei eV OUT Sinai 53 I VUNG A SUNS Lei 53 11 3 The Start on edge trigger mode ii 54 MMe Lc 1010 RCS Re RE TORE EE 54 11 5 Additional Trigger Modes 55 11 6 Identification of the first point measured after trigger i 55 La STARE E 1 0 015 COMMU AUG RAR RR ERROR E e gues ans 56 Tix Stat CTRO WG OF serere 56 11 7 2 Start stopon state trigger TRN e 56 11 7 3 Start stop on edge TRS trigger 57 11 44 B rst Cet IIa 57 11 7 5 Selecting the active edge active State rtnn 57 11 7 6 Software trigger iii 57 11 8 Ma
102. uration page of CCS Manager or using the DFI command Double Frequency Intensity Select the type of transmitted Intensity SDFIb or SDFA SEVEN SL AE UE b 0 for Normalized intensity 1 for Raw Intensity returned 10 3 4Selected frequency bit The selected frequency for a given cycle is indicated in bit 8 of the State data see section 14 7 2 Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 50 p Rev 1 0 Acuity Note for users familiar with previous versions of the CCS Sensor firmware The selected frequency bit replaces the trigger flip flop bit of previous versions O indicates that the high frequency was selected 1 that that low frequency was selected 10 3 5Compatibility with other commands modes The mode is compatible with most other commands and modes and in particular triggering averaging and manual setting of the LED brightness It is not compatible with auto adaptive LED mode auto adaptive dark mode fast dark Command Response when the sensor is in double frequency mode AAL ADK FDK Not authorized Authorized TRG TRE Authorized TRS TRF o HLV eona S SS S SS LED o Authorized esses FRQ TEX SRA Authorized the rate exposure time is memorized It is applied when the sensor quits the double frequency mode 10 3 6Intensity LED indicator in Double Frequency mode In the Double Frequency mode the Intensity LED indicator
103. ut Analog output gt Trigger Encoders Measurement Other settings e Expert Mamtenance Enable selected trigger mode Warning only few options are available while waiting for trigger input Connected to sensor CCS_PRIMA 00001 DLL Version 2 4 7 2 Figure 7 Trigger Settings Dialog Box in CCS Manager Select the Measurement page Set Data 1 to Distance and the number of points to 100 and click several times on the Start button If previous steps have been carried out correctly nothing happens no data is displayed in the Graphic window as the sensor is in standby for a Sync in signal Check that the measurement is not stopped the Start stop button should look as following Send a TTL pulse to the Sync In input in order to trigger the measurement data transmission starts immediately Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 29 Rev 1 0 Acuity 7 2 CCS Manager software 7 2 1 Help utility To learn more about the CCS Manager features click on the icon in the Menu and open the Help utility In particular we recommend reading the sections concerning the Maintenance the Configuration Other Settings page and the Analog Data page which are not described in this tutorial 7 2 2 Command Terminal Within the CCS Manager is a terminal emulator program with direct command line communications to the Initial sensor To access the built in terminal program open th
104. ves are displayed Trouble shooting The Command Terminal of CCS Manager does not handle correctly trigger related low level commands use the Trigger page of this program to set the trigger modes If you wish to send low level trigger related commands use Windows HyperTerminal utility Acuity Intial Confocal Sensor 54 p Rev 1 0 Acuity 11 5 Additional Trigger modes Besides the Start en edge trigger mode described above the sensor offers 3 additional trigger modes e Inthe Start Stop on State trigger mode data transmission starts and stops according to the state of the Sync in signal AS an example data transmission starts when the Sync in signal is high 5V and stops when it is low OV e The Start Stop on Edge trigger mode is similar to the Start Stop on State with one difference data transmission starts and stops by successive Sync in pulses and not by changes in signal state e Inthe Burst trigger mode the sensor latches transmits the data of a preset number of points each time it receives a Sync in pulse The Select active edge TRF command allows to select the active edge i e the edge which triggers measurement rising or falling edge In the case of Start Stop on State trigger mode this command selects the active state high or low Trigger modes and active edge are presented graphically in the Trigger page of the CCS M
105. way to avoid contamination of the fiber optics lead is to keep it permanently connected at both ends or if it is necessary to disconnect it to immediately fit a protective cap on the socket at the controller front panel 15 2 High Dark signals The first symptom indicating the presence of dust or dirt on the fiber optics tips or inside a fiber connector is an increase in the level of the dark signal In such a case on completion of the dark acquisition sequence the color of the blinking LED Indicators is orange or red This means that the acquired dark signal is too high at some sampling rates orange or at all sampling rates red Note For sensors equipped with a custom light source the dark signal is often higher as these light sources are more intense For such sensors the warning message should not be interpreted as an indication of a problem A high dark signal is not necessarily a problem If you wish to measure at 2 kHz and the sensor cannot be configured to 100 Hz there is clearly no reason to be alarmed However if you wish to measure at 200 Hz and the sensor cannot be configured to 100 Hz it is recommended to proceed as following Step 1 Check that the dark signal was acquired with no object present within the measuring range Mask the extremity of the optical pen with a piece of paper acquire the dark signal again and watch the color of the blinking LED Indicators at the end of the operation If the problem pers
106. ximum rate of Sync in pulses 58 12 PAO ANG Ci NO ION GS foots cect co daro 59 121 Detgcion TSS IO arcu canteanonsecusinsttncaduvscatsuadatitexuuniidaatetenssetacatacrsnstvsoedeincesatsmtonsntiieuneas 59 122 EIGRFSONIGE OS serrati ii ii 59 12 2 1 Enabling Disabling the tesSt i 60 2 05 PURSE SNC MO seratona iii 60 WZ FAMOSO siii E atti ni 60 12 5 Handling of unmeasured peak in THICKNESS mode 61 1260 Meldidid e 61 12 7 Counter State and Auto adaptive mode data ii 62 Aa Confocal Sensor V Acuity 12 7 1 The Counter data snirastecivuncwnareansccadeccsncsdisvnnwsddinaet2havnaawbtbetiuruaidiencidiwiwenaeiexcandiatienn 62 ES A ENS 62 12 7 3 The Auto adaptive mode data ie 63 12 8 SVICAIONIZA ION 63 13 Low level COMMANOS ii 64 131 GOMMANd EaNGUIdE cilea nie 64 lol COMMIS ae E R E 64 13 1 2 Sensorresponse i 64 13 2 Command List for the CCS Initial eeccccccceeeceeseeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeesseeeeeeeeesesaaaaeess 65 14 DATA FORMAT AND DATA ENCODING 67 14 1 Data transmission formats zii 67 dd AU lan 6 14 1 2 Binary format e 68 14 2 Decodingthe data Lun 68 14 2 1 Data decoding for the Distance measuring Mode 68 14 2 2 Data decoding in Thickness measuring Mode nnne 69

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