Microcontroller Based Fish Feeder
Contents
1. Figure 3 7 The Controller The design consists of eight buttons that control the whole design and each button has its own function 1 LCD Module 2 Push Buttons 33 3 LED Alarm Signals 4 Main Switch 1 LCD Module The LCD Module is the one responsible for displaying the real time quantity of amount to be fed type of feed to be dispensed and time setting of each feeding time Figure 3 8 Ideal State The LCD monitor in Idle State shows the title Fish Feeder together with the real time The real time format is in military form or 24 hours 60 minutes and 60 seconds Figure 3 9 Mode State 34 The LCD monitor in Mode State shows the following 1 Memory Set Mode Set 2 Qty 3 Time Set 4 Type of feeds 2 Push Buttons There are eight push buttons on the entire controller and each has its own function Mode The mode button allows the user to change and view the settings of each feeding time type of feed and its quantity Tt also serves as memory for any user input Type The type of feed button allows the user to choose different kinds of feed to be dispensed on the container Sec Qty In configuring the real time the user can use this button to change the seconds of the time Also in configuring the setting of each feeding time this button can help the user change the amount or quantity of feed to be dispensed Min It is used in2. Table 4 5 Pellets Feed Table 4 5 shows the different times and quantities that are set on the device to dispense a pellet type of feed to the fish In the first trial where the pellet feed was tested at exactly 4 00 it dispensed an amount of approximately 0 10g of pellets in 1 rotation At exactly 8 00 it dispensed an amount of approximately 0 19g of pellets in 2 rotations At exactly 12 00 it dispensed an amount of approximately 0 29g of pellets in 3 rotations At exactly 16 00 it dispensed an amount of approximately 0 39g of pellets in 4 rotations This showed that an average of 0 10 gram was being dropped on the aquarium every time it released feed 43 The Trial 2 test identified the amount of flakes food being dropped by the device on a specified time and the number of rotations being applied re 221 2 jos Type m Amount grams Table 4 6 Flakes Feed Table 4 6 shows the same time and quantity allotted for the device to drop food but the type of feed to be released was flakes In the second trial where the flake feed was tested at exactly 4 00 it dispensed an amount of approximately 0 05g of flakes in 1 rotation At exactly 8 00 it dispensed an amount of approximately 0 10g of flakes in 2 rotations At exactly 12 00 it dispensed an amount of approximately 0 15g of flakes in 3 rotations At exactly 16 00 it dispensed an amount of approximately 0 20g of flakes in 4 r
3. Time1_Type2 Feed _Type W sublw 0 2 btfss STATUS Z goto Time Type2X movf Feed1_Qty W movwf Qty2 Time1_Type2X nop Time1 Type3 movf Feed _Type W sublw 0 3 btfss STATUS Z goto 1_ movf Feed1_Qty W movwf Qty3 Chk_Time1X nop Chk 2 Cur_Hour W subwf Feed2_Hour W btfss STATUS Z 63 goto Chk Time2X movf Cur_Min W subwf Feed2 Min W btfss STATUS Z goto Chk Time2X 5 movf Feed2_Qty W btfsc STATUS Z goto Chk_ Time2 Feed2 __ sublw D 1 btfss STATUS Z goto Time2 Type1X Feed2 Qty W movwf Qty1 Time2 nop Time2 Type2 movf Feed2 Type W sublw 0 2 btfss STATUS Z 2 goto Time2 Type2X movf Feed2_Qty W movwf Qty2 Time2 Type2X Time2_Type3 movf Feed2 Type W sublw 0 3 btfss STATUS Z goto Time2 Type3X Feed2_Qty W movwf Qty3 Time2 nop 5 Chk Time2X Chk Time3 movf Cur Hour W subwf Feed3 Hour W btfss STATUS Z goto Chk_Time3X movf Cur Min W 5 subwf Feed3 Min W btfss STATUS Z goto Chk_Time3X 4 Feed3_Qty W btfsc STATUS Z goto Chk_ Timesa Time3_Type1 Feed3 Type W sublw D 1 btfss STATUS Z goto Time3 Type1X Feed3 Qty W movwf Qty1 Time3_Type1X Ti
4. D 34 subwf Tmr1 Sec W btfss STATUS C bcf btfsc STATUS C bsf goto Do Do TmriZ bcf PORTD O Qty1 W btfsc STATUS Z goto Do movlw D 40 movwf Tmr1 Sec Do_Tmr1X return EORR ORG RE CRGO CORDE GC EC Do Tmr2 Tmr2 Sec W 0 11 second count btfsc STATUS Z goto Do Tmr2Z incf Tmr2 Pres F movlw D 25 subwf Tmr2_ Pres W btfss STATUS Z goto Do_Tmr2A clrf Tmr2 Pres decf Tmr2 Sec F Tmr2 Sec W btfsc STATUS Z decf Qty2 F Do Tmr2A movlw D 34 subwf Tmr2 Sec W btfss STATUS C bcf PORTD 1 btfsc STATUS C bsf PORTD 1 goto Do Tmr2X Do Tmr2Z bcf PORTD 1 Qty2 W btfsc STATUS Z 5 goto Do Tmr2X movlw D 40 movwf Tmr2 Sec Do Tmr2X return SEEK CRGO HR HO EERE ER Do Tmr3 Tmr3 Sec W 01 second count btfsc STATUS Z goto Do Tmr3Z incf Tmr3_Pres F 2 movlw D 25 subwf Tmr3 Pres W btfss STATUS Z 5 goto Do Tmr3A Tmr3 Pres decf Tmr3 Sec F 2 movf Tmr3_Sec W btfsc STATUS Z decf Qty3 F Do Tmr3A D 34 subwf Tmr3 Sec W btfss STATUS C bcf PORTD 2 btfsc STATUS C bsf PORTD 2 goto Do Tmr3X Do Tmr3Z bef PORTD 2 Qty3 W btfsc STATUS Z goto Do Tmr3X movlw D 40 movwf Tmr3 Sec Do Tmr3X return
5. HK COR OK COE ER HOO GO Get Time incf Clock Pes movlw D 250 subwf Clock Pres W btfss STATUS C goto Get TimeX 7 clrf Clock Pres Inc Sec incf Cur Sec F movf Sec W H OF sublw D 9 btfsc STATUS C goto Get TimeX moviw 0 6 5 addwf Cur_Sec F movlw H 60 65 Disp_Time addlw D 8 movwf FSR movi andlw H OF addlw 30 call Disp N Disp Type movlw D 30 movwf Temp2 Temp1 W addlw D 12 movwf FSR andlw addlw H 30 call Disp N Disp NSelIX return skkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk movlw D O subwf Key Seq W btfss STATUS Z goto Disp TimeX movlw D 23 movwf Temp2 swapf Cur Hour W addlw H 30 call Disp N incf Temp2 F Cur Hour W andlw H OF addlw H 30 call Disp N movlw D 26 movwf Temp2 swapf Cur Min W andlw H OF addlw H 30 call Disp N incf Temp2 F movf Cur Min W andlw H OF addlw H 30 call Disp N movlw D 29 movwf Temp2 swapf Cur andlw H OF addlw H 30 call Disp N incf Temp2 F movf Cur_Sec W 2 andlw 2 addlw call Disp N Disp_TimeX return 5 movwf Temp3 movlw LCD RAM addwf Temp2 W movwf FSR bsf FSR 7 Select Bank 1 Temp3 W movwf INDF return skkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Disp_N
6. Rectifier Diode It is an electrical device that converts alternating current AC to direct current DC Floyd T L 2006 E ectronics fundamentals circuits devices and applications 7 edition U S A Prentice Hall 12 Resistor It is the simplest passive element It is a device that has the ability to resist the flow of electric current that is measured in ohms It is usually made from metallic alloys and carbon compounds Alexander C Sadiku M 2003 Fundamentals of electric circuits 279 edition U S A McGraw Hill Schematic It is a schematic is a diagram that represents the elements of a system using abstract graphic symbols rather than realistic pictures Britannica Encyclopedia Sensor It is a device that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or by an instrument Floyd T L 2006 Electronics fundamentals circuits devices and applications 7 edition U S A Prentice Hall Transformer It is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled electrical conductors Flanagan W M 1993 01 01 Handbook of transformer design and applications U S A McGraw Hill Professional Voltage Regulator A Diode can be used to hold a voltage constant Charles S 2007 Electronics principles and applications 27 edition U S A McGraw Hill Science Engineering Math 13 Chapter 2
7. Feeding Time 13 The LCD Module will display the setting of the Fourth Feeding Time FEED 4 TYPE 2 14 Configure it by pressing the Hrs Min Sec Qty and Type buttons to change its setting PELLI ro e 9 0 15 Press the Mode button again to finish the configuration of each feeding time a 81 APPENDIX H Installation Manual The minimum requirement of an aquarium that is capable to hold the microcontroller based fish feeder is 10 gallon leader or 20 x10 x12 LxWxH The Container box is placed on top of the aquarium with proper base alignment It is necessary to find the balance of the Container box so that it could work without from falling into the aquarium The Controller box can be placed beside the Container box or in a different platform away from the container and the aquarium Aquarium together with the microcontroller based fish feeder 82
8. Turn on the device 2 A text Fish Feeder will appear on the LCD together with the real time FISH FEEDER 3 Press the Mode button to see and configure each feeding time of the device o After pressing the Mode button the First Feeding Time will appear together with its setting on the LCD Display FEED 1 1 To configure the setting of the First Feeding Time press the Hrs Min Sec Qty and Type buttons to change its setting o 40 79 0 79 6 Press the Mode button again to see and configure the Second Feeding Time 7 The LCD Module will display the setting of the Second Feeding Time FEED 2 TYPE 2 8 Configure it by pressing the Hrs Min Sec Qty and Type buttons to change its setting 9 Press the Mode button again to see and configure the Third Feeding Time 10 The LCD Module will display the setting of the Third Feeding Time FEED 3 TYPE 2 11 Configure it by pressing the Hrs Min Sec Qty and Type buttons to change its setting 80 12 Press the Mode button again to see and configure the Fourth
9. all times Robert B 2001 7ntroduction to control system technology 7 edition U S A Prentice hall Fish They are aquatic vertebrate animals that are typically ectothermic cold blooded covered with scales and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins Nelson S 2006 Fishes of the world John Wiley amp Sons Inc Fish Food It can be plant or animal material intended for consumption by pet fish kept in aquariums or ponds Fish foods normally contain macro nutrients trace elements and vitamins necessary to keep captive fish in good health Riehl and Baensch 1996 Aquarium Atlas Germany Tetra Press Flowchart It is a graphical representation of a process such as a manufacturing operation or computer operation indicating the various steps that are taken as the product moves along the production line or the problem moves through the computer Boillot M H Gleason G M Horn L W 1997 Essentials of flowcharting 57 edition U S A William C Brown Pub Heatsink It is an environment or object that absorbs and dissipates heat from another object using thermal contact either direct or radiant Heat sinks are used in a wide range of applications wherever efficient heat dissipation is required Flanagan W M 1993 01 01 Handbook of transformer design and applications U S A McGraw Hill Professional LCD Liquid Crystal Display It is a thin flat display dev
10. driven and it may operate a single feeder or a whole bank of feeders Basically though there are many variants and patented examples of compressed air feeders most are based on the same principle A compressor supplies air to one or a number of feeders The operation of these types of feeders which are also controlled by timers depends on electro magnets or electric motors Figure 2 1 Types of Mechanical Feeders Type A Figure 2 1 Movement of the slug is controlled by an electro magnet The space governs the amount of feed released at each movement of the slug Type B Figure 2 1 Here the feed through consists of two parts one inside the other The movement of the inner one is controlled by an electro magnet When the holes in the two parts of the feeder coincide the feed falls through Type C Figure 2 1 In this version the feed falls from the hopper on to a disc which is rotated by an electrical motor at intervals to eject a portion of feed The motor also releases the feed from the hopper on to the disc by operating a valve The feed can either be released directionally using the guide shield or if the latter is removed throughout a 360 angle Type D Figure 2 1 A series of spikes on a revolving spindle overturns a row of feed containers in turn The frequency depends on the speed of revolution of the spindle Type E Figure 2 1 An endless screw mechanism transfers the feed from the hopper to the outl
11. Hour movlw H 22 59 movwf Feed4 Hour 2 Feed1_Min clrf Feed2 Min Feed3 Min clrf Feed4 Min movlw D 2 movwf Feed1_Qty D 2 movwf Feed2 Qty D 2 movwf Feed3 Qty D 2 movwf Feed4 Qty movlw 0 1 movwf Feed1 movlw D 2 movwf Feed2 Type movlw D 3 movwf Feed3 movlw 0 1 movwf Feed4 _Type Tmri Sec clrf Tmri Pres clrf Tmr2 Sec Tmr2 Pres clrf Tmr3 Sec Tmr3 Pres clrf Qty1 clrf Qty2 4 clrf Qty3 clrf PORTE movf PORTC W movwf PortC New movwf PortC_Prev 2 Key Seq clrf PORTD clrf PORTB return skkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Add Adj movf Temp2 dd sublw D 9 btfsc STATUS C goto Add_Adj10 movlw 0 6 addwf Temp2 F 5 Add 10 swapf Temp2 W sublw D 9 2 btfsc STATUS C goto AdjX movlw H 60 addwf Temp2 F Add AdjX return CHECK ER Sub Adj w 5 andlw sublw D 9 btfsc STATUS C goto Sub_Adji0 movlw 0 6 subwf Temp2 F Sub Adj10 swapf Temp2 Ww 5 andlw 2 sublw D 9 btfsc STATUS C goto Sub AdjX movlw H 60 subwf Temp2 F Sub AdjX return MEE ROCK REOR ODORE EUR EAE ERE CER EEIT ERR Key Seq0 D 0 Display
12. RA4mOCKI e 6 E 23 RB2 RASIAN4 SS 7 2 22 RB1 vss e 8 21 RBO INT OSC1 CLKIN L 9 20 voo OSC2 CLKOUT 10 191 vss RC7 RX DT RCO T1OSO T1CKI T6094 PT4 ODE LISTS Key Features PiCmicro Mid Range Reference PIC16F873 PIC16F874 PIC16F876 PIC16F877 Manual ep c ud PWRT OST PWRT OST PWRT OST PWRT OST ia o 24 14 bit words DaaMemoy yes 12 12 398 39 EEPROM Data Memory 8 26 26 77 Communications 10 bit Analog to Digital Module 5 input channels 8 input channels 5 input channels 8 input channels Instruction Set 35 instructions 35 instructions 35 instructions 35 instructions 71 APPENDIX D PIC16F877 Block Diagram PIC16F87X FIGURE 1 2 PIC16F874 AND PIC16F877 BLOCK DIAGRAM Program Data Device FLASH Data Memory EEPROM PIC16F874 192 Bytes 128 Bytes 16 877 368 Byles 256 Bytes 13 eie oim RANANIVREP RANANIVEEP RAATOCKI RASANA ESS IL RAM 8 Level Staci 13 9 Registers RAM Adar RBO NT AddrMUX RB1 2 4 R52 Addr R54 RBS RB amp SFPGC RB7T PGD CO T OSO T1CKI RCI T OSI CCe2 RCZ CCP1 RC3 SCK SCL RCA SOUSDA 5 500 RCT RX DT J Oscilator S
13. Time subwf Key_Seq W btfss STATUS Z goto Key 0 Key Seq00 btfsc PortC_New 0 Inc Hour goto Key Seq00X btfss PortC_Prev 0 goto Key_Seq00X incf Cur Hour F Cur Hour W movwf Temp2 call Add Adj Temp2 W movwf Cur_Hour movlw H 24 subwf Cur_Hour W btfss STATUS C 5 goto Key Seq00X Cur Hour Key Seq00X Key Seq01 PortC_New 1 Dec Hour goto Key Seq01X btfss PortC_Prev 1 goto Key Seq01X Cur Hour F Cur_Hour W movwf Temp2 60 call Sub Adj Temp2 W 2 movwf Cur_Hour movlw H 99 subwf Cur_Hour W btfss STATUS C goto Key Seq01X movlw H 23 movwf Cur Hour Key Seq01X nop Key Seq02 PortC_New 2 goto Key Seq02X btfss PortC_Prev 2 goto Key Seq02X incf Cur Min F movf Cur_Min W movwf Temp2 call Add Adj Temp2 W movwf Cur Min movlw H 60 subwf Cur Min W btfss STATUS C goto Key Seq02X clrf Cur Min Key Seq02X nop Key Seq03 btfsc PortC_New 3 Min goto Key Seq03X btfss _ 3 goto Key Seq03X decf Cur Min F movf Cur_Min W movwf Temp2 call Sub Adj movf Temp2 W movwf Cur_Min movlw H 99 5 subwf Cur_Min W btfss STATUS C 5 goto Key Seq03X movlw H 59 movwf Cur Min Key Seq03X Key Seq04 btfsc PortC_New 4 Sec goto Key Seq04X btfss PortC_Prev 4 5 goto Key Seq04X
14. like the brain of the whole circuit for it processes all the controls inside the design It can be powered by 5 volts of voltage The whole design is also being powered by a voltage regulator where it output 5 volts for the micro controller and 12 volts for the relay The block diagram shows the whole hardware implementation of the design 27 5 PHOTO TRANSISTOR PHOTO TRANSISTOR 5 47KO PHOTO TRANSISTOR 1 vo 2 AN 4 vaer 5 55 8 ANS 9 10 ANT 11 12 ILKIN RD528 __ pm CRYSTAL 14CLKOUT RO4 27 E BMHZ 15 RC 25 0 CCP2 RCE 25 EE Suid vum HOUR 20 PIC16F877 MIN MIN LT m QTY 12 0 MODE 7805 5 Figure 3 3 Schematic Diagram of the Controller L C D MODULE 16 CHAR 2 LINES KADDDDDDDDEARYYY 76543210 NVSD W10G 47KO o 5 12 0 12 12 0 BRIDGE FUSE 2 List of Materials PIC16F877 16 X 2 LCD ASSTD 1 4 W Resistor 1 Pack 8 MHz Crystal 10K Array Resistor 1200 16V Elect Cap 7805 Voltage Regulator W106 Rectifier Diode 8 Pins Connector 100pF 25V Elect Cap 22 PicoF Ceramic Cap 105 Multilayer Cap Relay Module UNL2003 IC 16 Pins IC Socket 12V Relay 3 Pins Terminal Block 5 Pins Co
15. rotating motor is placed underneath the funnel to make the hole in the plate to reach the bottom of the funnel The motor is controlled by the relay inside the controller box Procedures in creating the prototype Prepare all the things needed for starting a prototype e g research materials etc Use ORCAD circuit generating software to create a circuit design and PCB design Create a power supply with a bridge type rectifier connected to a voltage regulator The rectifier will convert ac signal into dc signal Connect it to a voltage regulator LM7805 that will produce another voltage 5V appropriate for some components like microcontroller and LCD monitor Prepare the microcontroller PIC16F877 for programming and burning Burn the PIC microcontroller using MPLAB The generated code is located at appendix B Connect all necessary components or other circuits to the microcontroller switches for selection keys power supply LCD module for visual interface and relays Prepare the container for three different kinds of feeds 26 Design Procedure A Hardware Design 220V Source Sensor Voltage Regulator PIC Micro Controller Figure 3 2 Block Diagram LCD Display The PIC Micro controller is the one responsible for showing the settings in the LCD display for triggering the relay to the DC motor in dispensing the food and for activating the sensor if one of the containers is empty It is
16. single cycle instructions except for program branches which are two cycle Operating speed DC 20 MHz clock input DC 200 ns instruction cycle Upto 8K x 14 words of FLASH Program Memory Up to 368 x 8 bytes of Data Memory RAM Up to 256 x 8 bytes of EEPROM Data Memory Pinout compatible to the PIC16C73B 74B 76 77 Interrupt capability up to 14 sources Eight level deep hardware stack Direct indirect and relative addressing modes Power on Reset POR Power up Timer PWRT and Oscillator Start up Timer OST Watchdog Timer WDT with its own on chip RC oscillator for reliable operation Programmable code protection Power saving SLEEP mode Selectable oscillator options Low power high speed CMOS FLASH EEPROM technology Fully static design In Circuit Serial Programming ICSP two pins Single 5V In Circuit Serial Programming capability In Circuit Debugging via two pins Processor read write access to program memory Wide operating voltage range 2 0V to 5 5V High Sink Source Current 25 mA Commercial Industrial and Extended temperature ranges Low power consumption 0 6 mA typical 3V 4 MHz 20 uA typical 3V 32 kHz lt 1 typical standby current Pin Diagram PDIP MCLRIvee e O RB7 PGD RBS PGC RBS RA2 AN2 VREF RA3 ANS VREF RB3 PGM RA4 TOCKI RB2 RAS ANA SS gt RB1 REO RD ANS RBO INT RET
17. the dc motor to aid the dispensing of feeds from the container 6 Three containers were controlled One two or three containers can be set to release feeds one at a time or all at the same time 7 The amount of feeds depends on the rotation of the plate underneath the funnel Based on the testing 0 1 gram per rotation for pellets and powder while 0 05 gram per rotation for flakes For the delimitations 1 The prototype was limited to the kind of feeds placed on the container The feeds may vary only with pellets flakes and powder 2 The design was capable of releasing feeds at the set time Thus it does not matter even if there are still foods on the aquarium it will still release feeds on the given time It will depend on the user to set time in order not overfeed the fish or turn the feeds into a waste 3 The first two limitations compensated for the third limitation The kind of feeds and the amount of feeds that the device can release is controlled Basically one fish will not benefit using the microcontroller based fish feeder Same with any fish that does not eat the three given kinds of feeds 4 The size of the location for the device could be used in an aquarium or in an outdoor mini fishpond 5 The device could not operate during black out or brown out and all data will be reset Definition of Terms Accuracy It is the degree of agreement between the experimental result and the true value Britannica Encycl
18. will be useless because the device cannot accommodate or release different kinds of feed at the same time In addition other fish feeders releases foods in a fixed amount causing some of the food to become just a waste in the aquarium or if the fish have a bigger diet there is a tendency that the food will not be enough These problems resulted in certain inquiries 1 How can a device feed different kinds of fish on a single container 2 How can a user friendly device be developed 3 How can it release different kinds of food at the same time with different amount 4 How can an exact and accurate amount of food for the fish be released 5 How can the time and the amount of food to be released by the device be controlled Objective of the Design The primary objective of the design was to create a device that would automatically feed the fish via a microcontroller in the aquarium This would include having an accurate process like time setting and regulated amount of feeds to be released In addition since there are different kinds of fish in a certain aquarium the device will release three different kinds of feed such as pellets flakes and powder either at the same time or separately For ordinary fish owners the device will come very simple and easy to use Feeding the fish in the aquarium regularly and on time is taxing that is why designing an automatic fish feeder can help ease up the task Significance of t
19. AWR ANe 7 RE2 CS AN7 vss RD7 PSP7 RD PSPe OSC1 CLKIN OSC2 CLKOUT 0 RD4 PSP4 RCO T1OSO T1CKI RCT RXIDT 1 1 2 RCE TXICK RC2 CCP1 RCE SDO RC3 SCK SCL RC4 SDISDA RDOPSPO e RD3 PSP3 RD1 PSP RD2 PSP2 lt N e o n Peripheral Features TimerO 8 bit timer counter with 8 bit prescaler Timer1 16 bit timer counter with prescaler can be incremented during SLEEP via external crystal clock Timer2 8 bit timer counter with 8 bit period register prescaler and postscaler Two Capture Compare PWM modules Capture is 16 bit max resolution is 12 5 ns Compare is 16 bit max resolution is 200 ns PWM max resolution is 10 bit 10 bit multi channel Analog to Digital converter Synchronous Serial Port SSP with SPI Master mode and Master Slave Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter USART SCI with 9 bit address detection Parallel Slave Port PSP 8 bits wide with external RD WR and CS controls 40 44 pin only Brown out detection circuitry for Brown out Reset BOR Pin Diagrams PDIP SOIC MCLRIVep gt 1 RB7 PGD RAOD ANO 2 RB6 PGC 3 RB5 RA2 AN2 VaErF 4 25 RA3 AN3 VRer gt 5 eo 2411 RB3 PGM
20. Ind Addr 3 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk include lt FISH8LCD INC gt skkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk 3 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk end skkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk 66 APPENDIX B COST OF MATERIALS ITEM QTY PRICE TOTAL PIC16F877 1 530 530 16 X 2 LCD 1 1200 1200 ASSTD 1 4 W Resistor 1 1 40 40 Pack 8 Mhz Crystal 1 50 50 10K Array Resistor 2 12 24 1200 16V Elect Cap 2 6 12 7805 Voltage Regulator 1 15 15 W106 Rectifier Diode 1 10 10 8 Pins Connector 2 37 74 100yF 25V Elect 1 2 2 22 PicoF Ceramic Cap 2 1 2 105 Multilayer Cap 1 2 2 Relay Module 3 490 1470 67 UNL2003 IC 28 84 16 Pins IC Socket 4 4 12V Relay 30 90 3 Pins Terminal Block 15 45 5 Pins Connector 8 8 DC Motor 350 1050 Photo Transistor 39 117 Limit Switch 38 304 4700ypF 25V Elect Cap 35 35 PBPC Rectifier Diode 28 84 Amp Transformer 205 205 Fuse w Fuse Holder 15 15 AC Cord 45 45 Box Case 150 150 Heat Sink 20 20 68 APPENDIX C PIC16F87X Data Sheet MICROCHIP PIC16F87X 28 40 Pin 8 Bit CMOS FLASH Microcontrollers Devices Included in this Data Sheet PIC16F873 PIC16F874 PIC16F876 PIC16F877 Microcontroller Core Features High performance RISC CPU Only 35 single word instructions to learn All
21. Microcontroller Based Fish Feeder By Patrick Henry G Baniqued Martin Joseph C De Castro Chael Triston T Luzano A Design Report Submitted to the School of Electrical Engineering Electronics and Communication Engineering and Computer Engineering in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Mapua Institute of Technology January 2009 Approval Sheet Mapua Institute of Technology School of EE ECE CoE This is to certify that we have supervised the preparation of and read the design report prepared by Patrick Henry G Baniqued Martin Joseph C De Castro and Chael Triston T Luzano entitled Microcontroller Based Fish Feeder and that the said report has been submitted for the final examination by the Oral Examinations Committee Dr Marilou F S4 Druz Reader Engr Anal 3 eign Adviser As members of the Oral Examination Committee we certify that we have examined this design report presented before the committee on November 24 2008 and hereby recommended that it be accepted as fulfilment of the design requirement for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering 9 Engr Jocelyn F Villaverde er Mary Jane C Quinit Panel Member Panel Member Engf Esperanza E Chua Panel Member This design report is hereby approved and accepted by the School of Electrical Engineering Electronics and Communication Engineering and Computer En
22. N METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURE Design Methodology This type of design is a constructive research which means that it develops solutions to a problem that has to be solved through the development of a system The group needs to find ways on how to automate a fish feeding device that is usually done in manual process The automation should include accuracy of time amount of food to be given indication of the food in the container if it is almost empty and the interface of the user to the machine Project Design Flowchart Figure 3 1 defines the procedure in developing the design Identifying the problem would be the first step In this case brainstorming is done on how to come up with the design project was done Questions on how the group could automate a fish feeding process were asked Is it possible to control time as well as quantity of release of food Is it possible to control three containers at the same time The second step supported the first step Gathering information related to the design would help to further develop the prototype Previous designs were considered to know what to innovate to come up with a new design 23 Developing a new design would include among others sketching of circuits and creating possible PCB layouts Gathering information about the needed components was necessary Adequate research of materials to back up the design was likewise done Choosing the right microcontroller LCD relay motor amon
23. OMMENDATION Improvements on the device can be applied to further enhance its capabilities and functionalities like having an additional back up power on the device so that whenever it is shutdown accidentally or the power goes out the data that have been set on each feeding time will not be lost or will be retained Furthermore other aquariums are placed on a side that is far from an electric socket so a battery operated fish feeder device is 54 advisable Also Knowing the amount of food that the devices releases is a great help so that the user will know whether it is too much or less than the fish need to eat Also the device can only accommodate home fish food like pellets flakes and powder so it is best to have an additional container that can accommodate frozen and dry fish foods like dry worms sludge worms water fleas among others In addition since the device dispenses three different types of feeds it is best to apply it on a medium scale fish pond by adding some kind of a device like a blower so that every time it drops feeds it will not just stay on a certain spot but instead it will spread throughout the entire pond It is likewise recommended that an additional device that can detect dirt temperature and light on the water be created This device can help the user to know whether it is still safe to drop or dispense food on the aquarium 55 BIBLIOGRAPHY Alexander C Matthew S 2003 Fundamentals of elec
24. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES Feeding Devices There are a number of mechanical aids to hand feeding and many types of automatic feeders on the market Automatic feeders are particularly appropriate to intensive systems and the feeding of nursery fry tanks which require frequent small doses of feed Some feeders particularly demand feeders are relatively easy to construct using simple materials like oil drums or plastic containers The amount of food that will be given to the fish can be measured or controlled In that way the fish can have a good and well balanced diet and a clean aquarium that can keep them healthy Feeders can feed the fish even the owner is away This is a very convenient way for the people who are very busy at work The time of feeding the fish is controlled These devices can be grouped into a number of categories Some require mains or battery electrical power Some rely on water power while others on the weight of the feed and the action of the feeding fish A good example of 14 stationary device is electrically powered feeder The automatic fish feeder falls under this category Electrically powered feeders are of two kinds those which operate mechanically and those which employ compressed air In both cases the control devices are electrical The time and duration thus the amount of feed can be pre set by the operator using an electrical timer This may be mains or battery
25. ceptual Framework Types of Mechanical Feeder Design Procedure Block Diagram Schematic Diagram System Flowchart A System Flowchart B The Containers The Controller Ideal State Mode State Switch 15 25 27 28 30 31 32 33 34 34 36 vii ABSTRACT The design is all about the microcontroller based fish feeder The microcontroller based fish feeder is very useful in providing people who are always away from their home to have their fish fed regularly and on time keeping the fish healthy and safe The main purpose of this design is the automation of the fish feeding device with accurate and precise set time of feeds to be released the usage of LCD monitor for user interface the implementation of alarm or signal to know if the container is almost empty and the use of relay as electronic switch for the dc motor This design will be installed in aquariums operated and controlled by a PIC microcontroller It is operated by inputting the real time and assigning a desired time the fish will be fed which will be displayed on the LCD Keywords fish feeder microcontroller LCD monitor Alarm or Signal Relay viii Chapter 1 DESIGN BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Design Setting Automation is defined as self regulating control of equipment systems or processes without human intervention These ideas of automation hold favor with those technologists and lazy people who do not want to do tough work particularly manual operations Th
26. changing the minutes of the time both in real time and configuration setting of the feeding time Hrs It is used in changing the hours of the time both in real time and configuration setting of the feeding time 35 3 LED Alarm Signals It represents the status of each container whether it is almost empty or not The LED will turn on if one of the containers is almost empty and it will turn off if it still has a feeds in it 4 Main Switch It is used to switch the design on or off It is at the ON setting if the switch is flipped upwards and OFF when flipped downwards OFF UM Figure 3 9 Switch The design is operated by following these steps 1 Turn on the device 2 Put in the real time 3 Put it the desired time when the feeds will be dropped 4 Lastly put in the type of feeds to use and its quantity 36 Chapter 4 TESTING PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA Testing The microcontroller based fish feeder which can automatically feed the fish on time has four feeding time which means that the feeder can perform up to four maximum memory slots for feeding On each feeding time the user can change the type of feed to be dropped the time of dispense and the quantity or amount of food to be release Accuracy of time feed In determining the accuracy of the time set by the user the prototype was tested on a weekly basis It was tested on a 15 gallon aquarium with 7 gold fish Th
27. d No 1 and Feed No 2 were set with the same type and time of feeding time but with different amounts or quantities to be dispensed By doing this the users could observe the behavior of the device if applied with these kinds of setting The Trial 4 test identified how the device would react if 2 sets of pellet feed were set to be fed on the same time with different quantities 46 _ LEES 4 jus Type p Amount grams Table 4 8 Trial 4 Table 4 8 shows that at the first feed where the time was set to 4 00 with 2 quantities the output was 4 or 0 40 gram This is because the second feed overwrites the first feed or the device reads the latest feeding time that was set on it Before the device dispenses the food it first scan all the feeding time that was set on it beginning on the first feed down to the fourth feeding time So when the device reads the second feeding time it automatically overwrites the first feeding time and sets the amount of food to be dropped according to the quantity that was set on the second feed that is why the output is 4 or 0 40 gram The Trial 5 test identified how the device would react if 2 sets of flake feed were set to be fed on the same time with different quantities 47 ae 5 jus Type Amount grams Table 4 9 Trial 5 Table 4 9 shows that at the second feed where the time was set to 15 00 with 2 quantit
28. e 3 containers will feed at any time interval By pressing the Hrs Min Sec Qty and Type buttons of the device the settings of each feeding time is changed The succeeding tables show the time and day in which the feeder will dispense The record also shows that at any time set the feeder will release food for the fish 37 Time Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 7 00 am Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 10 00 am Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 1 00 pm Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 00 pm Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 7 00 pm Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 10 00 pm Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Table 4 1 Testing of Container 1 Table 4 1 shows the testing of container 1 The time is set from 7 00am 10 00pm with an interval of two hours For one whole week the prototype was observed if it would work properly or not Based on the data the container 1 of the prototype worked properly 38 Time Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 8 30 am Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 11 30 am Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 2 30 pm Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 5 30 pm Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 8 30 pm Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 11 30 pm Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Table 4 2 Testing of Container 2 Table 4 2 shows the testing of container 2 The time was set from 8 30am 11 30pm with an int
29. e each feeding time Table 4 4 shows the default settings whenever the device is switched ON or whenever a power failure occurs Type A represents a pellet type of feed Type B a flake type of feed and Type C a powder type of feed The time is in military format Feed No Type Time Qty Table 4 4 Default Setting of each Feed 41 It shows that all feeding time have the same quantity allotted for each container with different times and types of feed to be dispensed The first and fourth feeding time will dispense a pellet type of feed at 6 00am and 10 00pm respectively the second feeding time will dispense a flake type of feed at 12 00nn and the third feeding time will dispense a powder type of feed at 6 00pm The Amount of feeds To know the amount of food that to be dropped by the device and its behavior if the feeding time is the same different kinds of test were done on each type of feed For Container 1 a pellet type of feed was used Container 2 a flake type of feed Container 3 a powder type of feed The data on Table 4 5 was done or gathered by measuring the amount of feed which was being dropped on each rotation of the motor using a digital electronic weighing scale The Trial 1 test identified the amount of pellet food being dropped by the device on a specified time and the number of rotations being applied 42 moo e 1 ns Amount grams
30. e scientific wizardry of achieving automations undoubtedly makes it apparent that the day will surely come when all of the things will be automatically operated It is true that most fish can miss a meal without being in any danger Some fishes can easily go a week or more without food if they are healthy As fish owners it will determine how they are concerned about their fish while being away for an extended period of time In addition having to design and manufacture a fish feeder that can greatly assist fish farmers and the productivity of the farm can help them operate more without bearing too much of a cost on other things The design project is that it will be also very inconvenient on the part of the owners when on vacation and for those living a busy lifestyle because some sensitive and expensive fish normally need to be fed once or twice a day Thus the purpose of the design project was to provide the fish owners a device that can actually feed their fish regularly whenever they are away or on a vacation for a while These reasons led to the invention creation of an automatic fish feeder Statement of the Problem Different fish have different diets depending on what food they eat Available designs of automatic fish feeder have only one container so the device is only good for one fish or it will depend on what food is it the container Also if there are different kinds of fish in a certain aquarium that feeder
31. erval of two hours For one whole week the prototype was observed if it would work properly or not Based on the data the container 2 of the prototype worked properly 39 Time Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 9 20 am Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 12 45 am Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 2 50 pm Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 6 20 pm Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 9 30 pm Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 1 30 am Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Table 4 3 Testing of Container 3 Table 4 3 shows the testing of container 3 The timer was set at any time from 9 20am up to 1 30am For one whole week the prototype was observed if it would work properly or not Based on the data the container 3 of the prototype worked properly All the 3 containers were tested in different modes as shown on the tables above Some tests were done when all of the containers would dispense the food at the same time or any two combinations of the containers would dispense the feed type A and type B type A and type C and type B and type C 40 The Default Setting If the user accidentally shuts down the device or the power goes out the device will reset the setting on its default time and will not retain the previous data that the user has put in The default setting will automatically be applied in the prototype By turning ON the device and clicking the mode button to se
32. esistance f Short Circuit Current Vi 35V TA 2425 9C Peak Current TJ 25 C Note 1 Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature Changes in Vo due to heating effects must be taken into account separately Pulse testing with low duty is used 75 APPENDIX F LCD Module gM 5 16020 16 CHARACTERS X 2 LINES FEATGORES 1 5X 7 DOTS WITH CURSOR 2 BUILT IN CONTROLLER 040447900 CR EQUIVALENT 3 POWCR SUPPLY 4 1 56 DUTY CRE 5 42V LEO FORWARD VOLTAGE 10 Write dus 1 wares L ie air 2 d 11 E J 25 r Either 0 of bury bury flags 77 Ce Ee 7 ce med des eed eee dina cs a a 1 Poo SEF er dium rum cmt ml Feis gum ma m T nu pma pus Dna Dee 1 1 DIT cam nos Chen b cmm checked afrar tu AF E nri GF the ima harwssm lnalrariimmm lbid DEus hii abau Lmer Coumcucs m bmm eee ___ Ti mba c ed cher ceed eee en cbe eee Fami mei 78 APPENDIX G User Manual for the Design The design is operated by the following steps 1
33. et The amount of feed released depends on the number of revolutions of the motor drive screw which is controlled by a timer as is the periodicity of feeding 16 Type F Figure 2 1 Similar to type D except that a blower is added which distributes the feed over a greater distance Type G Figure 2 1 The feed is delivered on a conveyor belt driven at selected intervals by a motor controlled by a time switch The microcontroller based Fish feeder falls under type A but instead of a slug it is replaced by a rotating disc The hole of the disc governs the amount of feed released at each rotation of the disc Michael 1987 Types of feeds Most commonly fish food can be divided into 3 main categories 1 Manufactured food This includes floating and sinking pellet granular and flake food 2 Freeze dried feeds Worms larvae brine shrimp krill etc 3 Live foods Maggots fresh insect larvae live worms and feeder fish all come under this category The microcontroller based fish feeder uses manufactured foods The prototype can released flakes granules and pellets from the container Flake food refers to a kind of food that is most commonly eaten by both marine as well as tropical freshwater fish This is ideally suited for top dwellers 17 and mid water fish Once the flake food has settled down it can be eaten by the bottom dwellers too If one s aquarium consists of bottom dwellers mainly
34. ey Seq17 Mode btfsc PortC_New 5 Dec goto Key Seq15X btfss PortC 5 goto Key Seq15X movlw Feed1 Hour addwf Nth Select W addlw D 8 movwf FSR movlw D 1 subwf INDF W movwf Temp2 call Sub Adj Temp2 W movwf INDF movlw H 99 subwf Temp2 W btfss STATUS C goto Key Seq15X movlw H 20 movwf INDF btfsc PortC New 6 Inc goto Key Seq16X btfss PortC goto Key Seq16X movlw Feed1 Hour addwf Nth Select W addlw D 12 movwf FSR movi addlw D 1 movwf Temp2 call Add Adj Temp2 W movwf INDF movlw H 04 subwf Temp2 W btfss STATUS C goto 16 movlw 0 1 movwf INDF btfsc PortC New 7 goto Key Seq07X btfss PortC_Prev 7 goto Key Seq07X incf Nth_Select F moviw D 4 subwf Nth Select W btfss STATUS C goto Key Seq17X 5 movlw D O movwf Msg Num movwf Key Seq call Ld Msg2RAM movf PortC_New W movwf PortC_Prev 3 Key Seq17X nop Key Seq1X return CU EERE HEEL EE AREER EERIE SS Se DS SN ON Chk Time Tempi Chk 1 movf Cur Hour W subwf Feed1_Hour W btfss STATUS Z goto Chk Time1X movf Cur Min W subwf Feed1_Min W btfss STATUS Z goto Chk Time1X movf Feed1_Qty W btfsc STATUS Z goto Chk_ Time1_Type1 movf Feed _Type W sublw D 1 btfss STATUS Z 9 goto 1_ 1 movf Feed1_Qty W movwf Qty1
35. f INDF btfss PortC movlw H 24 5 goto Key Seq13X subwf Temp2 W movlw Feed1 Hour btfss STATUS C addwf Nth _Select W 3 goto Key_ Seq10X D 4 clrf INDF movwf FSR Key Seq10X nop movlw D 1 subwf INDF W Key Seq11 btfsc PortC_New 1 Dec movwf Temp2 Hour call Sub Adj goto Key Seg11X movf Temp2 W btfss PortC_Prev 1 movwf INDF 5 goto Key movlw 99 movlw Feed1 Hour subwf Temp2 W addwf Nth Select btfss STATUS C movwf FSR goto Key_ 1 movlw 0 1 movlw H 59 3 subwf INDF W 5 movwf INDF movwf Temp2 Key Seq13X nop call Sub Adj Temp2 W Key Seq14 btfsc PortC_New 4 Inc movwf INDF Qty movlw H 99 goto Key Seq14X subwf Temp2 W btfss PortC_Prev 4 btfss STATUS C goto Key Seq14X goto Key Seglix moviw Feed1_Hour movlw H 23 addwf Nth _Select W movwf INDF addlw 0 8 Key Seq11X nop movwf FSR movi Key_Seqi2 btfsc PortC_New 2 Inc addlw D 1 Min movwf Temp2 goto Key Seq12X call Add Adj btfss PortC Prev a2 movf Temp2 W goto Key Seq12X movwf INDF movlw Feed1 Hour movlw H 21 addwf Nth Select W subwf Temp2 W D 4 btfss STATUS C movwf FSR goto Key Sedt4x movi INDF D i Key Seq14X nop movwf Temp2 62 Key_Seq15 Qty Key Seq15X nop Key Seq16 Type Key Seq16X nop K
36. f what they eat The classifications are carnivores herbivores and omnivores Carnivores are meat eating fish Some prefer live prey that they can hunt down and kill before eating such as other fish or insects Herbivores require a diet of all or most likely vegetable matter True herbivores do not have a large stomach and therefore must eat more frequently Some herbivores may learn how to eat other foods like flakes and pellets The majority of aquarium fish are omnivores meaning they will eat both meat and vegetables To keep the fish healthy they must be fed with a varied diet that includes all types of foods Here are some popular omnivores with notes about their preferred diet Angelfish accepts all types of foods but prefers live foods Goldfish accepts all types of foods but diet should not be too high in protein Gourami accepts all types of foods but prefers additional meat in the diet Guppy accepts all types of foods but prefers mosquito larvae 19 Koi accepts flakes pellet and live foods Kribensis accepts flakes pellets and live foods Mbuna accepts flakes pellets and live foods Orandas accepts flakes pellets and live foods Rams accepts flakes pellets and live foods Severum accepts flakes pellets and live foods Zebra Danio accepts flakes pellets and live foods Automatic Fish Feeder The present design relates to a device for automatic feeding of fish
37. g others were accomplished There were a few components that were bought but were not need or used during the actual creation This was expected in the trial and error testing of the device START Identifying the problem How to automate a fish feeder with 3 different containers included time and quantity Gathering relevant studies and literature information useful Drafting or outlining the possible solution to the problem 24 Gathering information about the materials and components suited for the design Is the component useful Start Building the prototype STOP Figure 3 1 Design Methodology Flowchart The flowchart shows the points of input and output the logic or sequence of the various processing steps in the system and the relationship of one element of the system to the other parts of the system or to other information systems Design Procedure for Actual Design The prototype is made up of a controller box and a container box All circuit components are in the controller box from power supply microcontroller to LCD monitor are in the controller box The controller box is the user interface of the device which contains buttons for selection in which the user will input all the data he or she wants The container box on the other hand is where the 25 feeds of the fish will be placed It is a funnel type container in which the fish feed will go directly to the aquarium A
38. gineering as fulfilment of the design requirement for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering 4 Dr Felicito S Caluyo Dean School of EE ECE CoE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all the group members would like to thank the Almighty Father for giving them knowledge strength to carry on and patience to finish this design Likewise they are very grateful to the following persons hence Engr Noel B Linsangan for approving their proposed design and for citing examples on how to improve the device and how to put it in good use The two important women in the team their advisers Engr Annalyn Yumang and Engr Maribelle Pabiania for being with them throughtout the duration of the design And lastly their beloved parents for giving them the spiritual and financial support they need to finish this design PH G Baniqued MJ G De Castro CT T Luzano TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE APPROVAL SHEET ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES ABSTRACT Chapter 1 DESIGN BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Design Setting Statement of the Problem Objective of the Design Significance of the Design Conceptual Framework The Scope of Delimitation Definition of Terms Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES Automatic Fish Feeder Type of Feeds Types of Fish Automatic Fish Feeder Chapter 3 DESIGN METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURES Design Methodology Pr
39. gy 7 edition U S A Prentice hall Sanford G 1999 Aquarium Owner s Guide New York DK Publishing 57 APPENDIX APPENDIX A Source Program Feed4 Type equ H 4F skkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkk kkk kkk kk kkk kk File FISHFDR8 ASM 4Mhz processor 16 877 include lt P16F877 inc gt Key_Seq equ H 60 5 Waiti_Val H 74 Wait2_Val equ H 75 config XT OSC amp WDT OFF amp Msg Num equ H 76 PWRTE ON amp _LVP_OFF BODEN OFF 4 ALL Temp1 equ H 79 temporary variable 2 H 7A kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Temp3 equ H 7B Variable Declaration Temp4 equ H 7C PortA_New equ H 20 PCLATH TEMP equ H 7D PortA_Prev equ H 21 W TEMP equ H 7E temporary variable PortC New H 24 for W PortC Prev equ H 25 STAT TEMP H F temporary variable Nth Select equ H 28 for STATUS Cur Hour equ Cur Min equ H 31 LCD RAM Buf equ H 20 Bank 1 Cur Sec equ H 32 res Clock Pres equ H 34 Sec equ H 35 Reset Vector Starts at Address 0x0000 Tmri Pres H 36 org 0 0000 Start of reset vector goto Initialize Tmr2_Pres equ H 38 org 0x0004 start of interrupt service Tmr2_Sec equ H 37 Tmr3 Sec equ H 39 routine Tmr3_Pres Qty1 equ H 3B Qty2 equ 2 Qty3 equ H 3D goto ISR
40. he Design The design will aid in providing information in the development of microcontroller based fish feeder These can also help the students to 3 have a background on micro controller based devices to help them improve or develop some industrial controller based products Furthermore creating the device will help in promoting the school s technological advancement through the innovation of different kinds of equipment via a micro controller Creating the device can also identify some of the advantages and disadvantages of using this kind of process by analyzing how the fish will react and grow when given enough amount of food These will also help some designers to know or to see if there are still ways on how to improve the device depending on how it will affect the fish or the environment Conceptual Framework Process Figure 1 1 Conceptual Framework Figure 1 1 presents the conceptual framework of the design The input variables will be done by the client or user First the user will turn on the power for the device to work Afterwards the user will set the time on when the food will be released and the amount of food to be given After that the user will put the fish food on specific containers Different kinds of food will be placed on separate containers for easy identification These kinds of food are the pellets flakes and powder A push button is used to select the appropriate data From the input variables it will n
41. hown on the flowchart and dispenses the food according to the time that was set on it On the other hand changing the setting of the feeding time can enable the user to configure or change the time and the type and quantity of feed to be dropped by the device before it dispenses the foods Sensor Flowchart START Container n almost No Turn off LED q Turn on LED STOP empty Figure 3 5 System Flowchart B 31 The sensor of the containers which shows how the device reacts whenever one of it is almost empty is being shown on system flowchart B Figure 3 5 The LED will light up depending on what container is almost empty as the sensor detects it It is entirely a different system because it only detects the feeds inside the containers C Prototype Development The Containers Figure 3 6 The Containers The microcontroller based fish feeder consists of 3 containers that are operated using a dc motor powered by a 12V source The amount of 32 feed given to the fish is controlled by a dc motor While the dc motor is spinning the disk with a small hole and when the funnel hole and the hole in the disk met the feeds will be dropped from the container The amount of feeds will be controlled by the numbers of rotation of the disks The sensor is placed at the funnel one inch above the tip This will indicate that the feed is almost empty The Controller Min Sec Qty e
42. ice made up of any number of colors or monochrome pixels arrayed in front of a light source or reflector It is often utilized in battery powered electronic devices because it uses very small amount of electric power Alexander C Sadiku M 2003 Fundamentals of electric circuits 279 edition U S A McGraw Hill LED Light Emitting Diode It is a semiconductor diode that emits incoherent narrow spectrum light when electrically biased in the forward direction of the p n junction as in the common LED circuit This effect is a form of electroluminescence Charles S 2007 Electronics principles and applications 7 edition U S A McGraw Hill Science Engineering Math 10 Microcontroller It is a single chip that contains the processor the CPU non volatile memory for the program ROM or flash volatile memory for input and output RAM a clock and an I O control unit And it is called a computer on a chip James L A 2006 The Inte Microprocessor family Hardware and software principles and applications U S A Delmar Cengage Learning MPLAB MPLAB Integrated Development Environment IDE is a free integrated gcc based toolset for the development of embedded applications employing Microchip s PIC and dsPIC microcontrollers MPLAB User Manual OrCad It is a proprietary software tool suite used primarily for electronic design automation The software is used mainly to create electronic prints for manufactu
43. ies the output was 14 or 0 70 gram This is because the third feed overwrites the second feed or the device reads the latest feeding time that was set on it Before the device dispenses the food it first scans all the feeding time that was set on it beginning on the first feed down to the fourth feeding time So when the device reads the third feeding time it automatically overwrites the second feeding time and sets the amount of food to be dropped according to the quantity that was set on the second feed that is why the output is 14 or 0 70 gram The Trial 6 test identified how the device would react if 2 sets of powder feeds are set to be fed on the same time with different quantities 48 O O l 6 jus Type Hus Amount grams Table 4 10 Trial 6 Table 4 10 shows that at the second feed where the time was set to 18 00 with 2 quantities the output was 18 or 1 81 gram This is because the fourth feed overwrites the second feed or the device reads the latest feeding time that was set on it Before the device dispenses the food it first scans all the feeding time that was set on it beginning on the first feed down to the fourth feeding time So when the device reads the fourth feeding time it automatically overwrites the second feeding time and sets the amount of food to be dropped according to the quantity that was set on the second feed that is why the output is 18 or 1 81 gra
44. in fish cages Automatic feeding devices for fish cages exist in different designs adapted according to specific parameters like the nature of feed the species of the fish etc Automatic feeding devices on the market today are mainly based on the use of dry feed dry pellets and the feeding is carried out on the water surface This technology is not desirable for feeding of pellets based on wet feed soft feed or gel feed which should be stored and handled together with water fresh or seawater Newton 2001 20 Another important condition is that some fish species prefer the feed served on a certain depth and not at the surface Previously automatic feeding devices have been used for wet feed but not based on feeding of wet pellets This technology was based on a pellet machine being placed by above the fish cage and the pellets being produced and dropped directly into the water surface of the fish cage This technology cannot be used just like that for the feeding of readymade pellets based on wet feed soft feed or gel feed There exists a need for a controlled and automatic feeding of readymade pellets for fish feed based on wet feed soft feed or gel feed An automatic feeding device in this connection should comprise a complete concept which makes it possible to store the pellets submerged in sea or freshwater as well as a controlled and automatic feeding under water George 2001 The Human Fish Feeder House Sitte
45. incf Cur Sec F movf Cur_Sec W movwf Temp2 call Add Adj movf Temp2 W movwf Cur Sec movlw H 60 subwf Cur_Sec W btfss STATUS C goto Key Seq04X clrf Cur Sec Key Seq04X nop Inc Key Seq05 btfsc PortC_New 5 Sec Dec goto Key Seq05X btfss PortC 5 goto Key Seq05X Cur Sec F movf Cur Sec W movwf Temp2 call Sub Adj Temp2 W movwf Cur_Sec 2 movlw 99 3 subwf Cur_Sec W btfss STATUS C goto Key Seq05X movlw 59 movwf Cur_Sec Key Seq05X nop Dec Key Seq07 btfsc PortC_New 7 goto Key Seq07X btfss PortC_Prev 7 goto Key Seq07X movlw 0 1 movwf Key Seq movwf Msg Num clrf Nth Select call Ld Msg2RAM movf PortC_New W movwf PortC_Prev Key Seq07X nop Key Seq0X return kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Inc 5 1 0 1 Feed Schedule subwf Key Seq W btfss STATUS Z goto Key 1 Disp 61 Key Seq10 btfsc PortC_New 0 Inc call Add Adj Hour Temp2 W goto Key Seq10X movwf INDF btfss PortC 0 movlw H 60 goto Key Seq10X subwf Temp2 W movlw Feed Hour btfss STATUS C addwf Nth Select W goto Key 12 movwf FSR clrf INDF movf INDF W Key Seq12X nop addlw 0 1 movwf Temp2 Key Seq13 btfsc PortC_New 3 Dec call Add Adj 5 movf Temp2 W goto Key Seq13X movw
46. it would be a good idea to pre soak the flake food so that it will sink to the bottom as soon as it is introduced into the water Pellets come in various sizes and shapes suited for fish of different sizes Pellet fish foods come in many different types for the growth of wens color enhancer and other things They also come in sinking and the floating kind Granular feed needs to be used only if the bottom feeders are not getting enough sunken flakes or seem hungry Bottom dwellers often need to be fed separately so granular food is ideal for this kind of fish Michael 1987 Regardless of the type of foods to feed the fish a variety of foods should be provided Variety in the diet reduces the chance of any nutritional shortcomings of one or more of the selected foods becoming a health or longevity problem for the fish Providing a variety of foods will also reduce the chances that the fish lose interest in the foods that they are offered and go on a hunger strike Mark 2004 Types of fish As we all know not all fish eat the same kind of feeds There are some fish that eat pellets granules and or flakes while others eat small fishes But the types of fish that will benefit the design come from the types of feeds that are 18 used in the microcontroller based fish feeder container to be released and these are pellets granules and flakes According to Shirlie 2001 fish are classified on their dietary or preferences o
47. kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk The Interrupt Service Routine ISR_routine Save Registers movwf W_TEMP W gt W_TEMP movf STATUS W STATUS gt W movwf STAT_TEMP QS W gt STAT_TEMP bcf STATUS RPO BankO Check which interrupt has occurred btfsc INTCON TOIF TimerO Interrupt goto TMROint Other causes disregard RestoreReg Registers STAT TEMP W STAT TEMP gt W movwf STATUS W gt STATUS Restore movf W_TEMP W W TEMP gt W retfie Return from Interrupt skkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk TIMER 0 Interrupt Service Routine TMROint bcf INTCON TOIF Reset TMRO Overflow Flag movlw D 07 store value to TMRO movwf TMRO PORTGW movwf PortC New call Get Time call Key Seq0 call Key Schedule call Do Tmr1 call Do Tmr2 call Do_Tmr3 2 Display Time Display Feed call Disp_Time call Disp NSelect call Disp LCD movf PortC New W movwf PortC Prev andlw H 07 movwf PORTE goto RestoreReg done Restore registers amp exit skkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Init Var Msg Num call Ld Msg2RAM clrf Cur Hour 2 clrf Cur Min Cur Sec clrf Clock Pres movlw H 06 movwf Feed1_Hour movlw H 12 movwf Feed2 Hour movlw H 18 movwf Feed3
48. lso be the external Interrupt pin RB1 RB2 RE3 can also be the low vozage programming input interrupt on change pin RBS T interrupt on change pin RBE PGC TTL s TU Interrupt on change pin or in Circult Debugger pin Serial programming cock RB7 PGO j 5 Interrupt on change pin in Circult Debugger Serial programming data Legend Input output Inputicutput gt power Not used TTL TTL Input ST Schmitt Trigger input Note 1 This bufer a Schmitt Trigger input when configured as an external interrupt 2 This bufer Schmitt Trigger input when used In Seria Programming mode 3 This bu er a Schmitt Tigger input when configured as genera purpose WO a TTL Input when used in the Paraliel Slave Port mode for interacing to microprocessor bus 4 This bu er is a Schmitt Trigger input when configured In RC oscillator mode and CMOS Input otherwise 73 APPENDIX E LM7805 Voltage Regulator Data Sheet MC78XX LM78XX MC78XXA 3 Terminal 1A Positive Voltage Regulator Features Output Current up to 1A Output Voltages of 5 6 8 9 10 12 15 18 24V Thermal Overload Protection Short Circuit Protection Output Transistor Safe Operating Area Protection Internal Block Digram Description The MC78XX LM78XX MC78XXA series of three terminal positive regulators are available in the TO 220 D PAK package and with several fixed output voltages maki
49. m Maximum Capacity Each container has its own maximum capacity depending on what feed it is supplying The data below was gathered by filling up the entire 49 container with its designated type of feed and was measured using a digital electronic weighing scale Container A Pellet 80g B Flakes 80g C Powder Table 4 11 Capacity of Each Container Table 4 11 shows that for a pellet type of feed its maximum allowable capacity is 80 grams It is the same for the flake feed which can also supply 80 grams Powder on the other hand can have a maximum allowable capacity of 90 grams 50 Test Settings For Table 4 12 the data came from an actual aquarium testing The settings are Fish Gold Fish Size of the Aquarium 15 gallons Number of Fish 7 feeding time interval 12 hours Feeds Pellets Powder Flakes The container of the microcontroller based fish feeder can accommodate three types of feeds Since the release of feeds may vary the rate on how long the container will be empty depends on the set time and set amount of the fish owner Table 4 12 shows samples for three types of feeds on how long they can be consumed 51 Capacity in Rate of release Types Grams day grams Approximately 0 1 gram x 30 turns per day Pellet 80 grams 27 days or 1 month 3 grams per day 0 05 gram x 60 turns per day Flakes 80 grams 27 days or 1 month 3 grams per day 0 1 gram
50. me3 Type2 movf Feed3 TypeW sublw D 2 btfss STATUS Z goto Time3 Type2X Feed3 Qty W movwf Qty2 2 nop Time3 Type3 Feeds Type W sublw 0 3 btfss STATUS Z goto Time3 Type3X Feed3 Qty W movwf Qty3 5 Type3X nop Chk Time3X nop Chk Time4 movf Cur_Hour W subwf Feed4 Hour W btfss STATUS Z goto Chk Time4X movf Cur Min W subwf Feed4_Min W btfss STATUS Z goto Chk Time4X Feed4 Qty W btfsc STATUS Z goto Chk_ Minez Time4 Feed4 Type W sublw D 1 btfss STATUS Z goto Time4 Type1X movf Feed4 Qty W gt movwf Qty1 Time4_Type1X nop Time4 Type2 movf Feed4 _Type W sublw 0 2 btfss STATUS Z goto Time4 Type2X movf Feed4 Qty W 2 movwf Qty2 Time4 Type2X nop Time4_Type3 Feed4 Type W sublw 0 3 btfss STATUS Z goto Time4 Type3X movf Feed4 Qty W movwf Qty3 4 Type3X nop Chk Time4X nop 64 Chk TimeX return KKK KK esee ee hehe ek IKK KK KK ke ee hehehe hehe ke koe kkk kk kkk kk kk kkk kkk kkk kkk k Tmri_Sec W 0 1 second count btfsc STATUS Z goto Do_TmriZ incf Tmri_Pres F 5 movlw D 25 subwf Tmr1 _Pres W btfss STATUS Z goto Do Tmr1A 2 cirf Tmri Pres decf 1_ Sec W btfsc STATUS Z decf Qty1 F Do_Tmr1A
51. ng them useful in a wide range of applications Each type employs internal current limiting thermal shut down and safe operating area protection making it essentially indestructible If adequate heat sinking is provided they deliver over output current Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators these devices cam be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltages and currents 1 input 2 GND 3 Output 74 Absolute Maximum Ratings Input Voltage for VO 5V to 18V for VO 24V VI Vi Thermal Resistance Junction Cases TO 220 Thermal Resistance Junction Air TO 220 6 Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range TSTG 65 150 Value 40 2708 72 5 Electrical Characteristics MC7805 LM7805 Refer to test circuit 00 lt lt 125 C 10 500mA VI 10V C 0 33pF CO 0 10 unless otherwise specified Codi MC7805 LM7805 arameter onditions Min Typ Max 25 48 50 52 Output Votage vo 5 0mA lo 1 0A 15W VI 7V to 20V 475 50 525 SES 10 Load Regulation Note1 10 250mA to 750mA Quiescent Current iQ Ty 425 C to 1 0 Quiescent Current Change 7V to 25V Output Votage Drif Output Noise Voltage VN f 10Hzto 100KHz Ta 25 C f 120Hz Ripple Rejection RR VO to 18V Dropout Voltage lO 1 TJ 2425 9C Output R
52. nnector DC Motor Photo Transistor Limit Switch 4700yF 25V Elect Cap PBPC Rectifier Diode Amp Transformer Fuse w Fuse Holder AC Cord Box Case Heat Sink mele olw wl e wl EA Table 3 1 List of Materials for Microcontroller based Fish Feeder All of the components listed in Table 3 1 are used in creating the microcontroller based fish feeder Some materials like aquarium and fiber glass for the 3 containers are used to support in building the design 29 B Software Design There are two systems used for the design One is for dispensing the food and the other is for enabling the sensor if one of the containers is almost empty Both act independently from each other once the device START is turned on Set ti t et time type yee and quantity of feed Default Mode Settings Feed 1 6 00 Type A Configure Time Type and Qty 2 Quantity Feed 2 12 00 Dispense Food Type B Qty 2 Feed 3 18 00 Type C Qty 2 Feed 4 22 00 Qty 2 Figure 3 4 System Flowchart 30 Figure 3 4 shows that whenever the device is turned on the user can change the default time that was set by the device If the user chooses not to change the configuration the default feeding time is s
53. oject Design Flowchart Design Procedure for Actual Design Hardware Design Block Diagram Schematic Diagram List of Materials Software Design vi vii viii ADAWWN HG 14 14 17 18 20 23 23 23 25 27 27 28 29 30 System Flowchart A System Flowchart B Prototype Development Chapter 4 TESTING PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Conclusion Recommendation Bibliography Appendices APPENDIX A Source Program APPENDIX B List of Materials APPENDIX C PIC16F87X Data Sheet APPENDIX D PIC16F87X Block Diagram APPENDIX E LM7805 Voltage Regulator Data Sheet APPENDIX F LCD Module APPENDIX G User Manual APPENDIX H Installation Manual 30 31 32 37 54 54 54 56 57 57 67 69 72 74 76 79 82 Table 3 1 Table 4 1 Table 4 2 Table 4 3 Table 4 4 Table 4 5 Table 4 6 Table 4 7 Table 4 8 Table 4 9 Table 4 10 Table 4 11 Table 4 12 LIST OF TABLES List of materials Testing of Container 1 Testing of Container 2 Testing of Container 3 Default Setting of each Feed Pellets Feed Flakes Feed Powder Feed Trial 4 Trial 5 Trial 6 Capacity of Each Feed Release of Feeds 29 38 39 40 41 43 44 45 47 48 49 50 52 vi Figure 1 1 Figure 2 1 Figure 3 1 Figure 3 2 Figure 3 3 Figure 3 4 Figure 3 5 Figure 3 6 Figure 3 7 Figure 3 8 Figure 3 9 Figure 3 9 LIST OF FIGURES Con
54. opedia Alarm It refers to a signal as a loud noise or flashing light that warns or alerts Merriam Webster Dictionary Aquarium It is a container as a glass tank or an artificial pond in which living aquatic animals or plants are kept Merriam Webster Dictionary Aquarium fish feeders They are electric or electronic gadgets designed to feed aquarium fish at regular intervals They are often used to feed fish when the aquarist is on vacation or is too busy to maintain a regular feeding schedule Sanford G 1999 Aquarium Owner s Guide New York DK Publishing Capacitor It is a passive element designed to store energy in its electric field the most common electrical components It is consisted of two conducting plates separated by an insulator or dielectric It is an open circuit to dc used extensively in electronics communications computer and power systems Alexander C Matthew S 2003 Fundamentals of electric circuits 27 edition New York McGraw Hill Crystal Oscillator It refers to an electronic circuit that uses the mechanical resonance of a vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material to create an electrical signal with a very precise frequency Floyd T L 2006 Electronics fundamentals circuits devices and applications 7 edition U S A Prentice Hall DC Motors They are extremely versatile drives capable of reversible operation over a wide range of speeds with accurate control of speed at
55. otations It was observed that an average of 0 05 gram of flakes was being dropped on the fish 44 The Trial 3 test identified the amount of powder food being dropped by the device on a specified time and the number of rotations being applied Trial 3 Time Qty Output Amount 3 3 grams Table 4 7 Powder Feed Table 4 7 shows the same time and quantity allotted for the device to drop a food but the type of feed to be released was powder In the third trial where the powder feed was tested at exactly 4 00 it dispensed an amount of approximately 0 1g of powder in 1 rotation At exactly 8 00 it dispensed an amount of approximately 0 21g of powder in 2 rotations At exactly 12 00 it dispensed an amount of approximately 0 30g of powder in 3 rotations At exactly 16 00 it dispensed an amount 45 of approximately 0 40g of pellets in 4 rotations It was observed that an average of 0 1 gram of powder is being dropped by the feeder After knowing the amount of food that the device had dispensed it showed that for a pellet type of feed it dropped an average of 0 1 gram for each rotation for flake type an average of 0 05 gram and for powder type of feed and average of 0 1 gram Other Testing In conducting on how the device would react if same time was set on the same type of feed with different amounts or quantities to be dropped different tests were performed On the table below Fee
56. ow go to its processing stage upon which the microcontroller will process the time of release as well as the amount of food The machine will also release the food on a random or fixed place of location in the aquarium The reset mode is an automatic process in case of a power failure The sensor acts independently in the prototype A signal from the phototransistor will be processed after sensing the LED After the processing stage the food will be released as the output stage of the machine The LCD will act as the visual representation of the device displaying the set time and amount of food making the device user friendly An alarm will activate whenever the containers are almost empty Scope and Delimitations The scope covers the lists of capabilities that a microcontroller based fish feeder can perform while limitations are the operations that the device is restricted to execute because it is outside the boundaries of the project This part of the design opens an inventor s mind for further research study The scope of the design includes the following 1 Automation of fish feeding device was mainly controlled by the PIC microcontroller 2 Pushbuttons were used for accuracy and precision to set time to release or discharge feeds 3 LCD monitor was used as user output interface 4 Phototransistor was used as a sensor to indicate that the container has amount to be emptied 5 Three relays were used as electronic switch for
57. r If instead of a mechanical feeder the fish owner chooses to arrange for someone else to stop into the house to check on things and also feed the fish the following are words of warning and suggestions to keep the fish safe while the owners are out of town First off pre measure all the food Do not give a novice fish keeper a big can of food and expect to come home to anything but a tank full of dead fish and a mass of rotting excess food at the bottom of the 21 aquarium Instead use the little containers that one can buy at the local drug store which are designed to hold daily doses of medication They have seven small separate compartments and are marked for each day of the week These are perfect for holding small amounts of dry fish food If the fish also receive frozen food purchase the frozen food that comes in little cubes like small ice cube trays and tell the house sitter exactly how many cubes of food per day Alternatively one could purchase a second pill container and placed portions of large slab frozen foods in each compartment Last hide the rest of the fish food Do not leave cans sitting around the tank Inevitably the part time novice fish feeder will feel that the fish are not getting enough to eat and will feel some sort of compulsion to give them more Help them resist this urge by removing and hiding the food reserves and force them to stick with the rationed portions Evans 1998 22 CHAPTER 3 DESIG
58. ring of printed circuit boards by electronic design engineers and electronic technicians to manufacture electronic schematics and diagrams and for their simulation ORegonCAD User Manual PCB Printed Circuit Board It is used to mechanically support and electrically connect electronic components using conductive pathways or traces etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non conductive substrate PCB Design by Chris Stahl 11 Phototransistors They are packaged to allow light to enter the crystal Light energy will create hole electron pairs in the base region and turn the transistor on Thus phototransistors can be controlled by light instead of base current Charles S 2007 Electronics principles and applications 7 edition U S A McGraw Hill Science Engineering Math PIC Assembly It is the lowest level programming language for Microchip PIC microcontrollers These processors are used on the LogoChip and LogoChip modules the LogoBoard the PIC Foundation and every layer in the Tower system Covington M A 1999 PIC Assembly language for the complete Beginner U S A University of Georgia Relay It is an electromagnetic device for remote or automatic control that is actuated by variation in conditions of an electric circuit and that operates in turn other devices as switches in the same or a different circuit Bateson R N 2001 7ntroduction to control system technology 7 edition U S A Prentice hall
59. routine skkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Initialize clrf TMRO INTCON Feedi1 Hour equ 40 clear TOIF Feed2 Hour equ H 41 Feed3 Hour equ H 42 bsf STATUS RPO Select Bank 1 Feed4 Hour equ 43 movlw B 11000011 Feedi Min equ H 44 movwf OPTION REG prescaler of 1 16 Feed2 Min equ 45 Clear TMRO Disable Interrupts and Feed3 Min equ H 46 movlw H 06 Set all Digital input Feed4 Min equ 47 movwf ADCON1 Feedi Qty equ H 48 2 movlw B 11111111 0 1 IN Feed2 Qty equ 49 movwf TRISA Port A 11xx Feed3_Qty equ H 4A xoc TTL movlw B 00000000 Feed4 Qty equ 4 0 1 IN Feedi Type equ movwf TRISB Feed2 Type equ H 4D XXXX T TL Feed3 Type equ H 4E Port B 58 moviw B 11111111 0 OUT 1 IN movwf TRISC Port C xxxx xxxx schmitt movlw B 00000000 0 OUT 1 IN movwf TRISD Port D xxxx xc schmitt movlw B 00000000 0 OUT 1 IN movwf TRISE Port E 0000 Oxxx schmitt bcf STATUS RPO Select Bank call Init_Var call Init LCD call Disp_LCD bsf INTCON TOIE Enable TMRO Interrupt bsf INTCON GIE Enable All Interrupts skkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Main Program Starts Here Main nop goto Main skkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkk
60. tart up Timer gt Waicrcog Timer Srowrrout OSC2 CLKOUT Reset br n Circuit 2 2 Debugger RD3 PSP3 Low Voltage 4 RD4 PSP4 RDS PSPS 7 RED ANSRD RE WANE REDANTICS Iu Note 1 Higher order bits from the STATUS register PIC16F87X TABLE 1 2 PIC16F874 AND PIC16F877 PINOUT DESCRIPTION OSCI CLKIN 13 14 1 sticmos oscuator crystal Inputiextemal clock source input OSC2 CLKOUT 15 31 Oscillator crystal output Connects to crystal or resonator In crystal oscillator mode In RC mode OSC2 pin outputs CLKOUT which has 1 4 the frequency of OSC1 denotes the Instruction rate eee 171 5 Master Clear Reset Input or programming voltage input This pin Is an active low RESET to the device PORTA ls Ol directional I O port RAC ANO RAD can also be analog can also be analog putt RAZ ANZ Vmer RA2 can also be analog nput2 or negative analog reference voltage 2 can also be analog or positive analog reference voltage RAA can also be the clock Input to the Timerd timer counter Output Is open drain type can also ce analog pute or the slave select for the synchronous serial pon PORTS s a bi directional O PORTE can be soft ware programmed for internal weak put up all Inputs RBO INT REBO can a
61. tric circuits 2 edition New York McGraw Hill Bateson R N 2001 Jntroduction to control system technology 7 edition U S A Prentice hall Boillot M H Gleason G M Horn L W 1997 Essentials of flowcharting 5 edition U S A William C Brown Pub Charles S 2007 Electronics principles and applications 27 edition U S A McGraw Hill Science Engineering Math Covington M A 1999 Assembly language for the complete Beginner U S A University of Georgia Evans C R amp Mankowski J 1998 Refrigerated Fish feeder Centrifugal fish feeder 1 Flanagan W M 1993 01 01 Handbook of transformer design and applications U S A McGraw Hill Professional Floyd T L 2006 Electronics fundamentals circuits devices and applications 2 edition U S A Prentice Hall 56 Hayes M T 2004 Automatic Fish Feeder Freshwater and Marine Aquarium 10 James L A 2006 The Inte microprocessor family Hardware and software principles and applications U S A Delmar Cengage Learning Nelson S 2006 Fishes of the world John Wiley amp Sons Inc New B M 1987 Feed and Feeding of Fish and Shrimp Aquaculture development and coordination programme 2 Newton M amp Spector G 2001 Automatic Fish feeder Centrifugal fish feeder 1 Riehl R and Baensch HA 1996 Aquarium Atlas Germany Tetra Press Robert N B 2001 Introduction to control system technolo
62. x 30 turns per day Powder 90 grams 30 days or 1 month 3 grams per day Table 4 12 Release of feeds Table 4 12 presents the feeds that were tested on different amount to be released per day Container with pellets can be empty in approximately 27 days Since Flakes are much lighter than pellets the container will be empty in longer days For powder the maximum feed 52 that the container can hold is 90 grams it can dispense up to 30 days or 1 month At the end of the testing the feeding process of gold fish turned out to be satisfactory The seven gold fish ate all the feeds that the microcontroller based fish feeder dispensed at different times and in different quantities 53 Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION CONCLUSION The group found that the design is capable of dispensing food automatically by using a micro controller in the aquarium In addition based on the design of the prototype it is a user friendly or easy to use device Moreover the group was able to observe that by using an automated fish feeder fish owners will have an easy time in their schedule because they do not have to worry about regularly feeding their fish on time With the addition of the three containers the automated feeder can also feed different kinds of fish because the device can control the amount of food that is being dropped on the aquarium and can keep the fish healthy and safe from any health problems REC
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