An Investigation onOptimal Personal Heaters
Contents
1. 7 3 4 BACKGROUN D 7 3 4 2 ADVANTAGES AND 7 3 5 CONCLUSION OF THE COMPARISONS 8 4 0 TBL ASSESSMENT OF INFRARED HEATER 5 8 ECONOMIC ASPECTS cas 9 ATA PRODUCE 9 2 A E 10 A 1 2 Payback Period 11 4 2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS 12 4 21 Carbon EMISSION SERE 12 4 2 2 Energy Efficiency Settings Controllability 12 AS SOCIAL ASPECT Sire case 13 4 3 1 sete oc vee 13 4 3 2 5 14 4 3 3 Comfort Related Features urari ainese naese iara a e na aa Ee Sa EE aE 15 5 0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS2. Another important indicator for the environmental aspects includes the energy efficiency 4 2 1 Carbon Emission To analyze the carbon emission of a specific product generally the emission during manufacturing and using process should be considered The carbon emission during the manufacturing process is hard to be determined because there is no relative data found on the supplier s website or even on the manufacturers webpage Since all the chosen models are infrared heaters that consume electricity only the carbon emissions produced during the production of electricity need to be considered For example greenhouse gasses are released during the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal oil and natural gas to produce electricity Under this condition the amount of carbon emission during the using process is in direct proportion to a infrared heater s power meaning that low power heaters are a product of less carbon emissions Therefore in order to reduce the carbon emission of heating a lower powered heater should be chosen 4 2 2 Energy Efficiency Settings and Controllability As shown in the Table 5 the selected models all have energy efficient settings allowing the user to choose between the different heating levels Also the last model is noteworthy because it has a built in thermostat control which can be preset with a desired temperature to automatically power the unit on and off by detecting the room temperature 13
3. 4 1 1 Product Price The prices of the selected models can be seen in Table 1 Note that UBC plans on purchasing 750 units for the staff members TABLE 1 COST OF SELECTED MODELS Model No Product Price CAD Optimus H4438 64 97 Unbranded JHS500G 24 99 Optimus H84001 69 97 Lifesmart LS IQH DMICRO IN 39 97 10 As the data shown on the table the unit price of our models ranges from 24 99 to 69 97 which is an affordable range for UBC 4 1 2 Electricity Savings The electricity savings is a direct index showing how much a recommended heater saves in the economic aspect To calculate the electricity savings per year simply multiply the power of a heater by its time of use and then analyze the difference with the electricity cost of a standard 1500W space heater Table 2 shows the four infrared models and the corresponding power produced TABLE 2 POWER OF SELECTED MODELS Model Power Watt Optimus H4438 800 Unbranded JHS500G 250 Optimus H84001 1000 According to the stakeholder the heater is assumed to run for 5 hours a day for every five days a week This is expected to continue for a total of 20 weeks The electricity rate on UBC campus is estimated at 0 0539 kWh EQUATION 1 CALCULATING ELECTRICITY COST PER YEAR cost yr power X hours day X days week weeks year x electricity rate Using the aforementioned formula Equation 1 the electricity cost per year of each of the infrared heaters is calc
4. COMFORT RELATED FEATURE OF FOUR MODELS Model Additional Features Optimus H4438 75 oscillation 55006 lt Wide angle oscillation Optimus H84001 Ultra quiet operation Timer Lifesmart LS IQH DMICRO IN Digital thermostat control Timer The oscillation function of the first two models make the heater more efficient The last two models use timers which makes the heater easier to use Additionally the Optimus H84001 contains an ultra quiet operation functionality allowing its users to work without being disturbed Wrapped Infrared Quartz Element efficient even heat distribution soft natural warmth without changing humidity or oxygen levels creating a more balanced stream of air for continuous even heat exchange smart FIGURE 5 LIFESMART NEW INFRARED TECHNOLOGY Source http i ytimg com vi OnyuFtxfOhc maxresdefault jpg 16 The Lifesmart heaters contains a digital thermostat which allows the user to set a desired temperature while the built in thermostat powers the heater on and off by detecting room temperature Lifesmart also features Wrapped Infrared Quartz Element see Figure 5 to provide efficient and natural warmth 5 0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS As the triple bottom line assessment applied in the previous section the four infrared heater models were analyzed in all three economic environmental and social aspects The triple bottom line asse
5. silently and requires minimal maintenance Since the infrared heater s surface operates at a high temperature it carries a potential burn hazard Additionally turning the power off causes the heat to turn off immediately Another flaw for this heater is that it heats in certain directions and therefore limits the user s movement around the room 3 5 CONCLUSION OF THE COMPARISONS The four types of heaters each have their own advantages and disadvantages Ceramic heater and Fan forced heater are relatively cheaper and they heat the room fast and evenly Unfortunately they both operate with an audible noise reduce air humidity and blow dust and other allergens into the air The oil filled heater is relatively safer but it heats slowly and is hard to maintain consistent desirable temperature The infrared heater is preferred because of its silent and comfortable heat Additionally it will not trigger HVAC cooling as the air in the office would not be directly heated The general temperature of the building will still be controlled by the HVAC system while infrared heaters can provide additional heat directly to the user as needed Since there are not many children or pets around the office areas the burning hazard of accidentally touching the inner components of the heaters can be viewed as a small risk Based on the advantages and disadvantages listed for each type of heater it is safe to recommend Infrared heater The UBC SEEDS
6. 16 AIIE 18 List of Equations Equation 1 Calculating Electricity Cost 10 List of Figures Figure 1 Lypicall Fan Heater sedan AE AER EEE AERA EAR 3 Figure 2 TYPICAL OIF ied HH EATIER cccoccnstcoccoocctvectececenessnvedeceasesecevenceeaceadecentanyectecesdevedunessedevesvecaeceeeesdesvenscadteeseevedaasaets 5 Figure 3 A Typical Portable Ceramic Heater cc cccccccccsssssseccceceesessseeseeececssseeaeseeececseseeeeseeeceseeseeaeseeseessesnsaeeeeeeseseseeaees 6 4 Portablellnfrared Heater iarere enoe eaaa eA ER se AEAEE R ar 7 Figure 5 LifeSmart New Infrared Technology 15 List of Tables Table 1 Purchase cost of selected 9 Table 2sPower of selected Models v sccc desecicesssaciseetccccssetacedvenvssest caaaastucessesstcenasceeesvsnccscossssvtenbsecedussinaveesbineubseniasiveets 10 Table 3 Electricity Savings Comparison between chosen Models and the Standard 1500W Personal Heater 11 Table 4 Payback Period of Selected 5 11 Table 5 Energy Efficiency Sett
7. TABLE 5 ENERGY EFFICIENCY SETTINGS AND CONTROLLABILITY FEATURES OF SELECTED MODELS Model Energy Efficiency Settings and Controllability Optimus H4438 2 heat settings 800 and 1200 Watt Remote control Unbranded JHS500G 2 heat settings 250 and 500 Watt Remote control Optimus H84001 Adjustable settings Timer Lifesmart LS IQH DMICRO IN Digital thermostat control Timer 4 3 SOCIAL ASPECTS The stakeholder for this project emphasized the importance of the social aspects As mentioned in the previous sections the key indicators for social aspects includes topics such as safety and the overall comfort of the user 4 3 1 Manufacturer Background LifeSmart Corporation 15 a newly founded tech company formerly Source Network Sales and Marketing that brings new infrared heating products featuring luxury state of the art designs and much needed safety enhancements all of which received critical acclaim and recognition at the 2014 International Home Housewares Show in Chicago Illinois This Chinese based company develops smart home solutions that are environmentally friendly and also easy to afford Factiva 2015 As the company is relative new to the industry very few third party reviews have been found throughout the internet Our investigation includes a 30 minute phone interview with the customer service representative and gathered 14 information on employee welfare and environmental precautions during production At Li
8. TION 1 2 0 METHODS OF INVESTIGATION fccsdcoscssasedockends cd cancduesasctiesbensdeadesdestuesaebacans cvevenassaedhudectendanacndceves saatdaeddasdeudaubentansdeevane 2 2 1 PRIMARY SOURCES amp sas vcsciesca c0ssocaceutecd 2 2 2 5 500 cat snauvepssvodecseavacescsavectsaniaetvaeseedacensteanceseee 2 3 0 COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF HEATERS 3 3 FAN FORGED HEATERS e aa ges ae Eer 3 BACKGROUND irc 3 3 1 2 ADVANTAGES AND 4 3 2 OVUL FILLED HEATER 4 3 2 1 4 3 2 2 ADVANTAGES AND 5 3 3 CERAMICHEATER 5 3 3 1 eonassulectan i Saana 6 3 3 2 ADVANTAGES AND 6 3 4 INFRARED HEATER
9. UBC Social Ecological Economic Development Studies SEEDS Student Report An Investigation on Optimal Personal Heaters Amar Manj Dong Lin Xuan William Geng Ziqian Wang University of British Columbia APSC 262 April 09 2015 Disclaimer UBC SEEDS Program provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies as well as their opinions conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project report and is not an official document of UBC Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or a SEEDS team representative about the current status of the subject matter of a project report The University of British Columbia APSC 262 Technology and Society 11 Tutorial Instructor Dr Naoko Ellis An Investigation on Optimal Personal Heaters Submitted by William Geng Amar Manj Ziqian Wang Dong Lin April 9 2015 ABSTRACT This report provides an in depth analysis on the selection of an optimal office space heater to serve as a replacement for the current 1500W convection heaters that are used by the UBC staff Available models currently on the market are investigated using the triple bottom line analysis The methods of investigation for this project consisted of gathering both p
10. cused on the four popular types of electric heaters Fan forced air convection heaters Oil filled heaters Ceramic heaters and Infrared Radiant heaters 3 1 FAN FORCED HEATERS Fan forced heaters Figure 1 are a popular type of heater with a price range from 10 to 600 Home Depot 2015 It is widely used in the home places 3 1 1 BACKGROUND Fan forced heaters are heated by passing electric current through the coil elements thus heating the coils inside the heater A built in ventilator blows the air through the heated coils while heating the air in the process FIGURE 1 TYPICAL FAN FORCED HEATER Source http www worldmkting com sites default files HB211T j This process then forces the hot air to circulate the room thus raising the temperature in the room 3 1 2 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Fan forced heaters are relatively cheap to purchase since the design is extremely simple The use of ventilator not only speeds up the heating process but also evenly distributes the heat throughout the room As the fan operates an audible noise is generated which would be disruptive for users requiring a quiet workspace The heated air reduces the humidity of the office creating a dry environment for the user Moreover the heated air tends to escape the room from window leakages and opened doors further extending the On cycles and wasting energy 3 2 OIL FILLED HEATER The price range of the Oil filled heater see Figu
11. d the heated air could still escape through opened office doors or any other free air flowing area This escaped heat confuses the temperature sensor of the HVAC system triggering unnecessary cooling during the winter time To address the issue UBC SEEDS is working to create a trade in program for employees in which they could trade in their old heaters for a more sustainable heater for free The purchase cost as well as the trade in cost would be recouped from later electricity cost savings This report explores the four major types of heaters available on the market Fan Forced air convection heater Ceramic heaters Oil filled heaters and Infrared radiant heaters By evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of each type of heater an optimal heater type is selected to replace the standard air convection heaters Based on the type of heater selected different models of the chosen type are compared and contrasted using the triple bottom line assessment 2 0 METHODS OF INVESTIGATION As shown in the subsections below the investigation began with an extensive literary review of primary and secondary sources A general consensus is achieved upon analyzing the collected data thus revealing the generic features of each of the space heater models 2 1 PRIMARY SOURCES Primary sources include consumer reports and customer reviews found on popular retail store websites such as Best Buy and Home Depot These reports not only detail th
12. e functionalities of specific heater models but also reveal their defects Also by analyzing the consumers review on the space heater a list of social environmental and economic aspects are compiled The main aspects found in consumer reviews were then utilized as indicated for the TBL assessment For example factors such as comfort and safety are evaluated under social indicators Other factors such as purchase cost and expected lifespace are used as economic indicators 2 2 SECONDARY SOURCES The secondary sources consulted include product specifications user manuals on websites peer reviewed academic journal articles about personal space heaters and previous TBL assessment reports relevant to this project The reason for choosing similar past TBL reports is because they provide a broad idea about how the project objective can be achieved and what part of the project can be better conducted Moreover quantitative reviews of peer reviewed academic journal articles provide indispensable background information and knowledge of this project 3 0 COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF HEATERS The space heaters can be divided into two broad categories Gas heaters and Electric heaters Since the heaters are to be used in UBC workspaces safety portability and ease of use are major aspects of consideration Gas heaters are hard to install and using gas can be dangerous due to the risk of fire and gas leaks As a result the investigation is fo
13. feSmart the company is fully in compliance with the Chinese Labour Law Employees are ensured with fair pay regular working hours and holidays Assembling factories are located in Shenzhen Guangzhou and Shanghai with necessary components shipped in from mostly local suppliers The manufacturing process of the heaters are half automated and half manual Little carbon emission is present during the production apart from generating electricity at local power plants as source of power for automated production lines The manual production line generates no carbon emission The company provides heater products that are both economically and environmentally friendly for users around the globe 4 3 2 Safety As shown in Table 6 all of our selected models have special features to help improve user safety Note that the fourth model Lifesmart is the only one with the ETL listed mark which is proof that the product is compliant with North American safety standards TABLE 6 SAFETY FEATURE OF CHOSEN MODELS Model Safety Features Optimus H4438 lt Safety tip over switch lt Overload thermal protector Unbranded JHS500G lt Safety tip over switch Optimus H84001 lt Safety tip over switch Lifesmart LS IQH DMICRO IN lt Over heat safety switch lt ETL listed 15 4 3 3 Comfort Related Features The four infrared models each have special comfort related features which have been listed below in Table 7 TABLE 7 ADDITIONAL
14. ings and Controllability Features of Selected 13 Table 6 Safety Feature of Chosen Models cccccccccssssssssecccecsesscnssecececseseeesesecsceeseeeseesececeeseseeaeseeececeeseaaeseeeeeseeseaaeas 14 Table 7 Additional Comfort Related Feature of Four Models 15 Table 8 Summary of Triple Bottom Line 5 16 GLOSSARY Ventilator a device that blows fresh air into the room and expels dirty air Payback Period the period of time required to recover the cost of an investment LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS TBL HVAC Triple Bottom Line Heating ventilating and air conditioning vi 1 0 INTRODUCTION During the long cold winter months in Vancouver faculty and staff of UBC rely on the old HVAC systems to keep them warm and cozy throughout the day The HVAC system however is inefficient as many staff members have purchased their own personal heaters for their offices As more space heaters are purchased and used there is a great increase in the energy demand Assuming that the staff members utilize a standard 1500W air convection heater there would be a large burden on UBC s power consumption Even though such a model could be cheaper and provide an adequate level of comfort it would be wasteful Each 1500W air convection heater could take up to 1 of the building s power when in full cycle an
15. mall dorm room laundry room or bathroom The built in thermostat control automatically powers the unit on and off This micro heater also includes a timer feature as well for ease of operation 18 References Ali A H H amp Gaber Morsy M 2010 Energy efficiency and indoor thermal perception A comparative study between radiant panel and portable convective heaters Energy Efficiency 3 4 283 301 http dx doi org 10 1007 s12053 010 9077 3 BC Hydro n d What you need to know about portable electric space heaters BC Hydro Retrieved from http www bchydro com content dam hydro medialib internet documents Power_Smart_FACT_sheets Portable_Electric_Space_Heaters pdf Factiva 2015 March 31 LifeSmart LifeSmart New Choice to Automate Your Home Retrieved from https global factiva com ezproxy library ubc ca ga default aspx HomeDepot 2015 H4438 Product Information Retrieved From http www homedepot com p Optimus 14 in Oscillating Pedestal Digital Dish Heater with Remote Control H4438 205495061 N 5yc1lvZc80eZ2bctm5Z2bctm6Z2 bcu02Z2bcu04Z2bcu05 HomeDepot 2015 JHS500G Product Information Retrieved From http www homedepot com p Unbranded 250 Watt to 500 Watt Electric Parabolic Heater with Oscillation JHS500G 205743593 N 5yc1vZc80eZ2bctm5Z2bctm6Z2bcu02Z2bcu04Z2bcu05 HomeDepot 2015 H84001 Product Information Retrieved From http www homedepot com p Optimus 500 Watt 1000 Watt 22 in Oscillating Carbon Barrel Hea
16. project coordinator explained that social aspects are to be considered before environmental and finally economic Therefore as the conclusion of this section infrared heater is selected as a favorable type of heater for use in the UBC workspaces 4 0 TBL ASSESSMENT OF INFRARED HEATER MODELS In the previous section we concluded that the infrared heater is the recommended heater type In order to recommend a specific heater model different infrared heaters are compared in economic environmental and social aspects As mentioned previously priority is given to social aspects first then environmental and finally economic The four heater models are from Home Depot each with a limiting heated area between 0 to 400 sq ft and a consumer rating above three stars These factors were used to apply the TBL assessment The following models were chosen and analyzed using the triple bottom line assessment 1 Optimus H 4438 14 in Oscillating Radiant Dish Heater with Remote Control H4438 2 250 Watt to 500 Watt Electric Parabolic Heater with Oscillation JHS500G 3 Optimus 22 in 500 Watt 1000 Watt Oscillating Carbon Barrel Heater with Remote Control H84001 4 Life Pro Series 400 Watt Plug in Micro Infrared Heater with Digital Display LS IQH DMICRO IN 4 1 ECONOMIC ASPECTS The four infrared heater models are evaluated with respect to their economic aspects The product price payback period and electricity savings are chosen as indicators
17. re 2 varies greatly 30 to 300 Home Depot 2015 3 2 1 BACKGROUND The Oil filled heater consists of metal columns with cavities It contains oil acting as a heat reservoir which circulates the heater and heats up the fins of the heater FIGURE 2 TYPICAL OIL FILLED HEATER Source http www homedepot ca wcsstore HomeDepotCanada images catalog 17124 CYAA45 7T 44 The surface of these fins is in contact with air and thus heats up the room through the process of convection 3 2 2 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Oil filled heaters uses natural air circulation to heat the room heated air rises while cooler more dense air sinks to be heated by the metal columns and operates silently The natural circulation however results much slower temperature increase when turned on This effect is not desirable especially when staff members arrive in the morning while the office is very cold Similar to the Fan forced heaters the heated air will escape the room through opened doors and window leakages hence reducing its effectiveness in heating 3 3 CERAMIC HEATER The Ceramic heater s Figure 3 price ranges from 15 to 250 Home Depot 2015 3 3 1 BACKGROUND The working principle of the ceramic heater is similar to the fan forced heater FIGURE 3 A TYPICAL PORTABLE CERAMIC HEATER Source http www veotag com images delonghidch1030safeheat 1 jpg generates heat by passing electric current th
18. rimary and secondary data Primary data consists of only user reports and company datasheets Secondary sources include peer reviewed journal articles and online articles Within the economic aspect of the triple bottom line the purchase cost payback period and energy cost savings were evaluated with the assumption that the heater was used for a fixed number of hours per year This analysis determined that the Lifesmart LS IQH DMICRO IN is the best economical choice The environmental aspect compared energy savings and greenhouse gas emissions during the manufacturing process For the social aspect user experience and safety are taking into consideration along with manufacturer background The final recommendation for UBC is to only offer the Lifesmart LS IQH DMICRO IN heater to staff members requiring additional heat during the winter Table of Contents ABSTRACT ea eva sada 1 LIST OT EQUATIONS E AE iv iv LISEOT iv GLOSSARY E OFABBREVIATIONS aeaa a oenar aE vi TOWINTIR O DUC
19. rough the electrically heated ceramic and aluminum plates while relying on a blower fan to distribute heat 3 3 2 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Ceramic heater has the lowest price among the electric heaters Fans and thermostats inside the heater prevent it from overheating Moreover many ceramic heaters have the oscillating feature which allows them to heat the room faster and more effectively The ceramic heater does however operate loudly and produces dry heat Dust could potentially accumulate on the ceramic plates while the heater is not in use and be blown into the air when turned on This would pose as a safety concern if not hazard to people with respiratory problems and allergies 3 4 INFRARED HEATER The price range of the infrared heater varies between 25 to 5600 Home Depot 2015 3 4 1 BACKGROUND Infrared heaters as seen in Figure 4 use a built in infrared lamp to emit invisible infrared light at an adjustable intensity This light increases the temperature of the object it makes contact with without heating the air FIGURE 4 PORTABLE INFRARED HEATER Source http www o digital com uploads 2179 2196 3 Infrared Heater 115 3 4 2 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Similar to the sunlight s warmth the infrared heater operates without heating the air and provides comfortable heat to the user It is energy efficient since it only heats objects covered by the infrared light In addition it operates
20. ssment of the four heaters is summarized in Table 8 TABLE 8 SUMMARY OF TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE ASSESSMENT me Energy Efficiency Product Price CAD See Payback Period years Settings and Safety Features Sate Features Controllability 2 heat settings 800 and 1200 Watt Optimus H4438 64 97 18 87 _ Safety tip over switch Remote control Overload thermal protector 75 oscillation 2 heat settings 250 and 500 Watt Remote control Safety tip over switch Wide angle oscillation Digital thermostat control Over heat safety switch Digital thermostat control Timer ETL listed Timer Adjustable settings Ultra quiet operation Optimus H84001 69 97 13 48 5 19 Timer Safety tip over switch Timer Lifesmart LS IQH As shown the table the last two heaters Optimus H84001 and Lifesmart have a greater advantage in the economical aspect Considering that social aspects such as safety and comfort are more important recommendation is given to the last model Lifesmart LS IQH DMICRO IN Infrared Heater Its digital 17 thermostat control function provides the users with a major convenience Additionally it s ETL listed mark makes it more reliable in terms of safety The Lifesmart Life Pro Series Micro Heater provides infrared warmth in small areas Users can simply plug the unit into the wall and set the digital thermostat for gentle warming infrared heat This heater is ideal for small spaces like under a desk s
21. ter with Remote Control H84001 205433937 N 5yc1vZc80eZ2bctm5Z2bctm6Z2bcu02Z2bcu04Z2bcu05 HomeDepot 2015 LS IQH DMICRO IN Product Information Retrieved From http www homedepot com p Lifesmart Life Pro Series 400 Watt Plug in Micro Infrared Heater with Digital Display LS IQH DMICRO IN 205422939 N 5yc1vZc80eZ2bctm5Z2bctm6Z2bcu02Z2 bcu04Z2bcu05 Previous Seeds Project LifeSmart Corp 2015 March 15 Infrared Quartz Heater User Manual Retrieved from http lifesmartproducts com wp content uploads 2014 06 LS IQH DMICRO OM Rev1 052914 pdf Marina Oster 2010 March Space Heaters vs Central Heating Essential Question Retrieved from https alumni stanford edu get page magazine article article_id 29533 Will Henry 2015 January 6 Which is the Most Energy Efficient Soace Heater 6 Reviews amp Some Tips Retrieved from http gadgetboy hubpages com hub Which is the Most Energy Efficient Space Heater 5 Reviews Some Tips Williams K 2004 Selecting space heaters Plant Engineering 58 4 52 54 Retrieved from http search proquest com ezproxy library ubc ca docview 221012713 accountid 14656
22. ulated and compared with the 1500W Convection Heater to determine the yearly electricity savings as shown in Table 3 for each model 11 TABLE 3 ELECTRICITY SAVINGS COMPARISON BETWEEN CHOSEN MODELS AND THE STANDARD 1500W PERSONAL HEATER Model Electricity Savings CAD yr Optimus H4438 18 87 year Unbranded JHS500G 533 69 Optimus H84001 513 48 Lifesmart LS IQH DMICRO IN 29 65 year Note that the above numbers are representative of a single unit and that the stakeholder plans on purchasing 750 units of space heaters 4 1 2 Payback Period For further analysis on the economic aspects comparisons were made with the payback period of the chosen models to indicate the length of time required for the investment to recover its initial outlay in terms of profits or savings To calculate the payback period simply divide the product price of a specific model by its calculated savings per year compared to a standard 1500W personal heater The resultant payback period of each model can be found in Table 4 TABLE 4 PAYBACK PERIOD OF SELECTED MODELS Model Payback Period years Optimus H4438 3 44 Unbranded JHS500G 0 74 Optimus H84001 5 19 Lifesmart LS IQH DMICRO IN 1 35 12 4 2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Although prioritized second the environment plays a big role when evaluating the triple bottom line assessment The manufacturing companies are often neglected when examining the impact on the environment
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