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(BID) Specification - Operating Systems Group

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1. all The default target It depends on the role what exactly is done install Installs the generated files into the installation tree DROPS_STDDIR clean Deletes all intermediate files generated during compilation This does nor delete the generated targets such as binaries or libs cleanall Deletes all generated and backup files Invokes clean help Displays a short overview of the make targets available with this role FORCE This target is not intended to build but to depend on If something depends on FORCE it is built 8 1 2 Required Parameters All role files require the following variables to be set L4DIR The base directory of the L4 tree PKGDIR The base directory of the package 20 8 1 Common Role File Targets and Parameters 8 THE ROLE FILES 8 1 3 Optional Parameters Most role files use the following variables SUBDIRS used by prog mk lib mk id1 mk doc mk A list of subdirectories that will be treated specially For each element of the list a target will be created If this target it called the all rule in the according directory will be called Furthermore scrub clean and cleanall are made recursively for the specified directories Default unset DEPEND_VERBOSE used by all roles If set to Q no commands for dependency generation will be shown Default unset DROPS_STDDIR used by all roles The base direct
2. USE_LINES If set to y Fiasco UX will load its Lines This helps when debugging Default EN y 8 8 5 Example PKGDIR L4DIR PKGDIR EXPECTED expected txt EST SERVER dice hello server EST_CLIENT dice hello client include L4DIR mk runux mk The COMPARE CMD can be used to apply own filter rules as well An example that sorts the output depending on the LOG tag is the following 38 8 8 Role File runux mk 8 THE ROLE FILES co E PA XP ECT ED_OUT TMP OUT RE CMD cat TMP_OUT sort t 39 k1 1 s gt TMP_OUT r diff u REFERENCES 9 Reserved variables When using BID the following Make variables are reserved besides the one already mentioned x denotes any string BID CARCHFLAGS currentdothfile D EPEND EXT T EXTEND FUNC DEPEND FLAG DEPS DEPSN ULL DI z END CMD PSVAR DIR FROM SUB D EP EN FILTER SYSTEM IDL INCLUDES INSTALL TARGET INSTALL TARGET GLOBAL LIBDEPS MAKED EP ARCH SYSTEM TO CPU SYSTEM TO LAAPI A References TARGET_SYSTE INSTALL TARG ET 1 D OCAL T OSYSTE S 1 L4Check Documentation athttp os inf tu dresden de 14ch
3. against Examples are l4env loader or host See Section 6 5 for get can be built compiled for only one mode a list of suggestions Each tar ARCH x86 arm am d64 ppc32 CPU 586 686 K6 K7 sa pxa int k8 750 LAAPI 14v2 14x2 l4secv2emu 14x0 14v2 14x2 14x2 Table 4 Valid values for the components of a system description Defaults are underlined In contrast to the mode the system is visible within the directory structure The system of a com piled linked built installed file is encoded in the directory part of the name of that file For exam ple if a library is compiled for system x86_586 14v2 its name is to L4DIR lib x86_586 14v2 libfoo a Another library 1 libfoo a it will be installed Libbar a compiled for system x86_584 it will be installed to LADIR 11b x86_586 libbar a This is the case for includes and binaries analogically So far for the installed files The compilation process must respect multiple systems too We allow to build multiple systems at the same time from the same source files Therefore the maintainer of a package specifies the possible systems Ina global configuration file maintained by the user that compiles its tree all systems that should be compiled are specified hence it is independent of an L4 binding read below about the granularity 6 2 File System Representation 6 SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURES AND MODES pkg
4. l4env_ base l4env mode with the libc backends basic io basic mmap mmap_ util syslog sim ple_ sleep time file table libe Rather internal mode to compile C libraries host Build an application for the host operating system l4linux Build hybrid applications for L Linux which are normal Linux applications but are also linked against L4Env libraries Deprecated modes l4linux_ kern l4env_ oskit06 l4env_ oskit10 l4env_ freebsd loader sigma0 oskit06 oskit10 sigma The mode specifies which standard C library and header files are being used which objects for startup code CRTO end marker code CRTN are being linked and which linker scripts are used for all this See Tables 6 9 and 12 for what is determined by each mode See Section 8 2 Jand Section 8 3 for the meaning of the variables Mode LIBCINCDIR l4env nostdinc DUSE_DIETLIBC y I L4DIR include dietlibc DROPS_STDDIR include dietlibc GCCINCDIR l4env_ minimal nostdinc DUSE DIETLIBC y I L4DIR include dietlibc DROPS_STDDIR include dietlibc GCCINCDIR l4env_ base nostdinc I L4DIR include dietlibc DROPS_STDDIR include dietlibc GCCINCDIR tiny nostdinc DUSE_DIETLIBC y I L4DIR include dietlibc DROPS_STDDIR include dietlibc GCCINCDIR sigma0 nostdinc DUSE_DIETLIBC y I LADIR includ
5. lc be mmap lc be mmap util 114rm ldm_mem ldm_ generic lthread 1semaphor 114env 114env_err lslab llogserver_capsul 114rm lthread ldm generic lnames 114util_root 114util 1sigma0 UCLIBC_IMPLEMENTATION GCCLIB UCLIBC_IMPLEMENTATION lc_be 14env_start stop luclibc support 114sys l4env_ base nostdlib GCCLDNOSTDLIB u printf lc be io o MALLOC BACKEND lc be tim lrtc 114rm ldm_mem ldm generic lthread 1semaphor ll4env 114env_err lslab llogserver_capsul 114rm lthread ldm generic lnames 114util_root 114util lsigma0 UCLIBC_IMPLEMENTATION S GCCLIB S UCLIBC IMPLEMENTATION MALLOC BACKEND 114rm ldm_mem ldm generic lc be tim l1c be mmap 1c be mmap util lc be l4env start stop lgeneric ts lc be syslog lc be file tabl luc be simple sleep 114vfs common io 114vfs basic io 114vfs connection 114vfs_ basic name server ll4vfs name server 114vfs name space provider ll4vfs extendable 114sys T tiny nostdlib GCCLDNOSTDLIB luc c luc be minimal io luc_be 14 start stop luc be sigma0 mem luc_c luclibc support 114util lsigmaO luc c GCCLIB luc_c 114sys sigma0 nostdlib GCCLDNOSTDLIB luc c luc be minimal io luc_be_14 start stop luc be sigma0 mem luc_c luclibc support llogserver lnames lsigma0 ll4util root 114uti
6. scripts tkparse make xconfig mconfig ftp kernel org pub linux kernel people hch mconfig Configure is a bash script which interprets Config in files by sourcing them Some of the Config Language commands are native bash commands simple bash functions implement the rest of the commands Menuconfig is another bash script It scans the input files with a small awk script builds a shell function for each menu sources the shell functions that it builds and then executes the shell functions in a user driven order Menuconfig uses Ixdialog a back end utility program to perform actual screen output Ixdialog is a C program which uses curses scripts tkparse is a C program with an ad hoc parser which translates a Config Language script to a huge TCL TK program make xconfig then hands this TCL TK program to wish which executes it mconfig is the next generation of Config Language interpreters It is a C program with a bison parser which translates a Config Language script into an internal syntax tree and then hands the syntax tree to one of several user interface front ends 41 B 3 Statements B CONFIGURATION LANGUAGE B 3 Statements A Config Language script is a list of statements There are 21 simple statements an if statement menu blocks and a source statement A V at the end of a line marks a line continuation P usually introduces a comment which continues to the end of the line
7. IDE TYPE The type of the IDL files This type is used to determine the compiler to use See Section 8 4 for details Default dice Note The refers to the different IDL files not to the values of S TARGET INSTALL TARGET The list of the targets that will be installed automatically or on make install Default The targets and the targets specific to the current system Also see the NOTARGETSTOINSTALL parameter INSTALLDIR_BIN The directory in the global install tree to install a binary to Default DROPS_STDDIR bin INSTALLDIR_BIN_LOCAL The directory in the local install tree to install a binary to Default LADIR bin INSTALLFILE_BIN The command to install a binary to the global install tree Default depends on BID_STRIP_PROGS INSTALLFILE BIN LOCAL The command to install a binary to the local install tree Default depends on BID_STRIP_PROGS KEEP_ON_CLEAN A list of files that should not be removed on a make clean Default empty next page 23 8 2 Role File prog mk 8 THE ROLE FILES continued from last page L4INCDIR System dependent list of include directories Default L4DIR include ARCH L4APT ROPS_STDDIR include ARCH L4API 4DIR include ARCH ROPS_STDDIR include ARCH 4 R DIR include OPS_STDDIR include
8. LALIBDIR System dependent list of library directories Default ADIR 1ib ARCH CPU L4APT ROPS STDDIR 1ib S ARCH CPU S L4APT ADIR lib ARCH CPU R ye 4 OPS _STDDIR lib ARCH DIR 1ib DROPS STDDIR lib CPU L4LIBS Libraries and flags for the binary Depends on the selected mode LDFLAGS standard Makefile variables used as additional flags for the linker Default for mode host LI PRIVATE LIBDIR LIBCLIBDIR LDSCRIPT LIBS LALIBS LIBCLIBS Default otherwise L PRIVATE_LIBDIR LALIBDIR LIB CLIBDIR LDSCRIPT LIBS L4LIBS LIBCLIBS LDSCRIPT The name of the standard linker script used to link the binary Default depends on the mode LIBCINCDIR Include path and flags to the libc includes Default Determined by the mode points to dietlibc or uClibc normally LIBCLIBDIR Library path and flags to libc Default Determined by the mode points to dietlibc or uClibe normally LIBCLIBS Libraries and flags for libc Default Determined by the mode points to dietlibc or uClibc with support libraries normally LIBS libraries and objects to be linked to the targets Contains additional PATHS with L and libs with 1 Default unset MODE Specify which target system a target has to be built for see Section 6 5 Default l4env NOTARGETSTOINSTALL If nonempt
9. Lines of the form is not set however are not comments They are semantically meaningful and all four config interpreters implement this meaning Newlines are significant You may not substitute semicolons for newlines The if statement does accept a semicolon in one position you may use a newline in that position instead Here are the basic grammar elements e A prompt is a single quoted string or a double quoted string If the word is double quoted it may not have any substitutions e A vord is a single unquoted word a single quoted string or a double quoted string If the word is unquoted or double quoted then substitution will be performed on the word e A symbol is a single unquoted word A symbol must have a name of the form CONFIG x scripts mkdep c relies on this convention in order to generate dependencies on individual CONFIG_x symbols instead of making one massive dependency on include linux autoconf h 99 TES e A dep is a dependency Syntactically it is a word At run time a dep must evaluate to y m 2 9 9999 n or gt e An expr is a bash like expression using the operators a o and N Here are all the statements e Text statements mainmenu name prompt comment prompt text prompt e Ask statements bool prompt symbol hex prompt symbol word int prompt symbol word string prompt symbol word tr
10. This determines the compiler to use Supported values are dice The idl s is in a modified DCE style Use dice to compile the idl file s corba The idl s is in corba style Use dice to compile the idl file s Default is dice INSTALLDIR_IDL The directory to install the created include files to Default PKGDIR include ARCH S ARCH LAAPI S L4APT next page 30 8 4 Role File idl mk 8 THE ROLE FILES continued from last page L4INCDIR System dependent list of include directories Default LADIR include ARCH L4APT DROPS STDDIR include ARCH S L4API L4DIR include ARCH DROPS STDDIR include S ARCH S LADIR include DROPS STDDIR include LIBCINCDIR Include path and flags to the libc includes Default Determined by the mode points to dietlibc or uClibc normally MODE specify which target system a target has to be built for see Section 6 5 Default host PRIVATE _INCDIR List of directories to prepend to the include directive of the idl compiler SYSTEMS The systems the c and h files have to be build for Each system is build into a separate directory Default x86 14v2 8 4 5 Example PKGDIR LADIR PKGDIR IDL ping idl include L4DIR mk idl mk 8 4 6 C programs If the IDL_FLAGS parameter specifies the C languag mapping using BmCPP then C files are gen
11. config as well as undef foo to autoconf h if command is disabled by its dependencies B 3 15 dep mbool prompt symbol dep This verb evaluates all of the dependencies in the dependency list Any dependency which has a value of y or m does not restrict the input range Any dependency which has an empty value is ignored Any de pendency which has a value of n or which has some other value restricts the input range to n Quoting dependencies is not allowed Using dependencies with an empty value possible is not recommended If the input range is restricted to the single choice n dep bool silently assigns n to symbol If the input range has more than one choice dep_bool displays prompt to the user accepts a value from the user and assigns that value to symbol Notice that the only difference between dep_bool and dep_mbool is in the way of treating the m value as a dependency Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented XConfig implemented mconfig implemented Example Not from the corpus dep_mbool Packet socket mmapped IO CONFIG_PACKET_MMAP SCONFIG PACKET Known bugs e Xconfig does not write foo is not set to config as well as undef foo to autoconf h if command 1s disabled by its dependencies 48 B 3 Statements B CONFIGURATION LANGUAGE B 3 16 dep hex prompt symbol word dep dep int prompt symbol word dep
12. STDDIR include x86 arm amd64 uclibc DROPS STDDIR include uclibc DROPS STDDIR include uclibc GCCINCDIR tiny nostdinc I L4DIR include x86 arm amd64 uclibc LADIR include uclibc LADIR include uclibc DROPS STDDIR include x86 arm amd64 uclibc DROPS_STDDIR include uclibc DROPS_STDDIR include uclibc GCCINCDIR sigma0 nostdinc I L4DIR include x86 arm amd64 uclibc LADIR include uclibc LADIR include uclibc DROPS STDDIR include x86 arm amd64 uclibc DROPS STDDIR include uclibc DROPS STDDIR include uclibc GCCINCDIR libc nostdinc I GCCINCDIR LADIR include dietlibc DROPS_STDDIR include dietlibc host l4linux I GCCINCDIR Table 7 Directories for include file search depending on the mode for uclibc Mode SLIBCLIBDIR l4denv l4env_ minimal l4env_ base tiny sigma0 libe host l4linux Table 8 Directories for library path search depending on the mode 14 6 6 Defining new architectures and modes 6 SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURES AND MODES Mode LIBCLIBS l4denv nostdlib GCCLDNOSTDLIB DIETLIBC_ IMPLEMENTATION ldietlibc_support MALLOC_BACKEND lc be mmap 1c be mmap util lc be l4denv start stop 1c_ be minimal log io ldiet be simple sleep ll4
13. The list of file to install on all or install Default all h files found in the subdirectory tree 8 5 4 Example PKGDIR L4DIR PKGDIR include L4DIR mk include mk 8 5 5 How to use the Include Role Note that all include files found in the subdirectory tree are subject to installation Generally you would insert an include file with no system dependency hence directly into the include directory Admittedly this may result in a wrong compilation if you use this include file with a system target it was not intended for But as no library is available for that system target the linker should catch this wrong package use later If you realize later that you need different versions of the include file to support different systems you can move the include files into appropriate subdirectories The dependencies of the make system ensure that no old include files will be used Files in system dependent subdirectories will be found first when the preprocessor is looking for include files Moreover the symbolic links in the local installation directory LADIR include will become invalid so that an undesired use of them is avoided safely 33 8 6 Role File subdir mk 8 THE ROLE FILES 8 6 Role File subdir mk 8 6 1 Purpose The purpose of the subdir role is to be a container for other directories and recursively build them Therefore most make targets are recursively forwarded to subdirector
14. applications which do not shut down Fiasco UX themselves or if Fiasco UX jumps into the kernel debugger The time is specified in seconds Default 10 DEBUG PERL If the Perl script used to run Fiasco UX with a watchdog is doing something wrong you may set this variable to 1 to get some debugging output Default 0 SYSTI EMS Specify the systems to run this test for This determines the ARCH and API variable used to find the user land binaries in the 14 bin directory EXP ECT _ FAIL If set will accept failure of output comparison If output matches expected output an error will be issued This option has no effect in generate mode ETE TER_KE EP ALL If set the output of Fiasco UX will not be filtered COMPAR E CMD If set this command is run instead of the default command This command should only generate output if there is an error If no output is generated by the command success is assumed In case of an error the last 1000 lines of the output are printed to stderr Default diff u S EXPECTED OUT TMP OUT NO FBUF DEV If set Fiasco UX will not open a window to display graphical output This is only relevant if your setup does graphical output and you would like to test it in batched mode no DISPLAY USE SYMBOLS If set to y Fiasco UX will load its Symbols This helps when debugging Default y
15. automatically When compiling source files into intermediate object files each source file is accompanied by an according dependency file If the source file is named x then the depen dency file is named x d Typically these dependency files contain header files For binary linking the same rules apply Dependency files for binaries typically contain libraries Dependency files are deleted on make cleanall For generating of dependency files we use two methods If the host system provides and uses the dynamic linker Id so we use libgendep 3 to build the dependency files libgendep uses the LD_ PRELOAD method to overload the open and fopen functions of libc during compilation or linking All files opened read only are added to the list of dependencies for the current target This is a flexible solution as it can be used on a broad range of compilers linkers and other tools To enable this tool set HAVE_LDSO Section to nonempty in your local configuration files If the host system does not provide Id so we fall back to the second method of dependency file generation For compilation of C and C files we use gcc to generate dependency files and postprocess those For linking we use a heuristic that mimics the behavior of the linker Id Please note that this heuristic does not reflect the exact behavior of the linker for efficiency reasons and has several problems see below For IDL compilation with dice we use dice to
16. echoes it to the output files during output Note that the prompt like all prompts is a quoted string with no dollar substitution The comment verb is not a Config Language comment It causes the user interface to display text and it causes output to appear in the output files Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented Example drivers net Config in comment CCP compressors for PPP are only built as modules B 3 3 text prompt This verb displays the prompt to the user with no adornment whatsoever It does not echo the prompt to the output file mconfig uses this verb internally for its help facility Configure not implemented Menuconfig not implemented Xconfig not implemented mconfig implemented Example mconfig internal help text text Here are all the mconfig command line options B 3 4 bool prompt symbol This verb displays prompt to the user accepts a value from the user and assigns that value to symbol 9999 The legal input values are n and y Note that the bool verb does not have a default value People keep trying to write Config Language scripts with a default value for boo1 but all of the existing language interpreters discard additional values Feel free to submit a multi interpreter patch to linux kbuild if you want to implement this as an enhancement Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemen
17. foo include lib sre Makefilel Make rules foo c OBJ x86_586 14v2 Makefile2 foo o libfoo a OBJ ia64 14v2 Makefile3 foo o libfoo a server Figure 1 Structure of an example package 6 2 File System Representation Let us look now at a package subdirectory containing the source file pkg foo lib src foo c We compile for systems x86_586 14v2 and 1a64 14y2 To distinguish between both object files we place them in different directories OBJ lt system gt src OBJ x86 586 14v2 foo o and src OBJ ia64 14v2 foo o As we have a smooth migration from one target system to multi ple systems in mind we compile always into subdirectories even if we compile for only one system Thus we have the structure as depicted in Figurell please ignore the Makefiles for now 6 3 Compilation for Multiple Systems Within the Makefile in the src directory LADIR and PKGDIR and the supported systems are spec ified Also either prog mk or 1ib mk is included During the make process BID creates the system specific subdirectories with Makefiles therein Those Makefiles define the variables LADIR PKGDIR SYSTEM ARCH CPU and L4AP 1 During compilation of C and C files the preprocessor macros SYS TEM_ SYSTEM ARCH_ ARCH CPUTYPE_ CPU and L4API_ L4API will be defined The generated Makefiles also include either the original Makefile in the upper directory or alternati
18. in the global install tree to install a library to Default DROPS_STDDIR lib INSTALLDIR LIB LOCAL The directory in the local install tree to install a library to Default LADIR 1ib CFLAGS CXXFLAGS ASFLAGS CPPFLAGS standard Makefile variables used as additional flags for the compiler c compiler assembler and preprocessor Default unset KEEP_ON CLEAN A list of files that should not be removed on a make clean Default empty L4INCDIR System dependent list of include directories Default L4DIR include ARCH _ CPU L4APT OPS _STDDIR include ARCH _ CPU L4APT DIR include ARCH _ CPU R 4 ROPS STDDIR include ARCH _ CPU 4 R DIR include OPS STDDIR include LALIBDIR System dependent list of library directories Default ADIR 1ib ARCH CPU L4APT ROPS STDDIR lib ARCH CPU S LAAPT ADIR 1ib S ARCH _ CPU ROPS STDDIR 1ib ARCH _ ADIR lib DROPS STDDIR 1ib CPU LIBS objects to be archived to the target libraries Contains additional PATHS with L Default unset MODE specify which target system a target has to be built for see Section 6 5 Default 14env NOTARGETSTOINSTALL If nonempty the libraries will not be installed neither in the local LADIR lib nor in the global DROPS
19. l4env_ minimal crt0 o main stat ld l4env_ base crt0 o main_stat ld tiny ert0 o main _stat ld sigma0 ert0 o main stat ld libc ert0 o main stat ld host l4linux Table 12 Startup code CRTO and linker scripts depending on the mode 17 6 6 Defining new architectures and modes 6 SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURES AND MODES define the variables LIBCINCDIR_arch_mode LIBCLIBDIR_arch_mode LIBCLIBS_arch_ mode L4LIBS arch mode CRTO arch mode CRIN_arch mode and LDSCRIPT arch mode Also you can set CARCHFLAGS lt arch gt _ lt cpu gt to specify cpu specific compiler options e g CARCHFLAGS_x86_p3 march p3 if march p3 is the compiler option to generate p3 optimized code 18 7 RELOCATED BINARIES AND THE STATIC FILE 7 Relocated binaries and the STATIC file This is the classical approach of building an executable binary Link it starting at a specific address However we offer some magic here too To determine the final start address of your binary prog mk uses a kind of database It determines the start addresses of each binary using a central place the file LADIR pkg STATIC Each line of this file contains the start address and the name of a binary prog mk looks up the name of the binary in this file and if it is found the corresponding start address is used If the name of the binary is not found in STATIC the start address specified in DEFAULT _RELOC is used 8 1 Common Role File Tar
20. multiple documentations using doxygen e g an API documentation an internal documentation and a documentation of the usage of your server For each documentation pick a unique name beginning with the name of the package you are writing the documentation for Save the doxygen files using these names with the cfg extension added Ensure all configurations build into a subdir with the name of that documentation List the configuration files within the SRC DOX x variables A make all will create the documentation and optionally install the html files into LADIR doc html With the make file located in this directory you can build an index to the documentation of all DROPS packages then The dependency mechanism detects all changes in your source files Doxygen support allows to group your documentation into one of four groups user guides reference manuals internal documentation and the rest This classification is used when generating the index page in LADIR doc html 8 7 2 Latex support The doc role provides rules to compile TEX files into ps and pdf and to convert xfig images to eps List the tex files you want to be compiled in the SRC_ TEX variable The first file in the SRC_ TEX is the primary tex document The compiled version of the primary tex document is easily showed by calling the showdvi or the showps target To rebuild the primary tex document call make dvi or make ps A successful compi
21. prompts may not have spaces in them Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented Example arch i386 config in choice PCI access mode BIOS CONFIG_PCI_GOBIOS Direct CONF IG_PCI_GODIRECT Any CONFIG_PCI_GOANY Any B 3 20 nchoice prompt symbol prompt symbol This verb has the same semantics as the choice verb but with a sensible syntax The first prompt is the master prompt for the entire choice list The first symbol is the default symbol to enable notice that this is a symbol not a unique prompt abbre viation The subsequent prompt and symbol pairs are the prompts and symbols for the choice list Configure not implemented Menuconfig not implemented XConfig not implemented mconfig implemented B 3 21 if expr then This is a conditional statement with an optional else clause You may substitute a newline for the semi colon if you choose expr may contain the following atoms and operators Note that unlike shell you must use double quotes around every atom 50 B 3 Statements B CONFIGURATION LANGUAGE atom a literal a variable expr atom atom true if atoms have identical value atom atom true if atoms have different value expr expr o expr true if either expression is true expr a expr true if both expressions are true expr true if expression is not true Note tha
22. Building Infrastructure for DROPS BID Specification Jork L ser Ronald Aigner drops os inf tu dresden de April 11 2012 Abstract To ease the writing of DROPS components this document describes the unified infrastructure of the DROPS source tree It also describes what files and macros should be used to create the Makefiles needed to compile own components Acknowledgements This document is based on the work of Lukas Gr tzmacher Michel Hohmuth Jork L ser and Lars Reuther done in 2000 Since then Frank Mehnert proposed a lot of functionality which is included in this document as well Availability This document is also available in HTML format A short abstract is available as and ab You can download this documentation in its various formats at http os 1nf tu dresden de l4env Copyright This documentation is 2006 by Technische Universit t Dresden This documentation is part of DROPS being distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License 2 Please see the world wide web at http os inf tu dresden de l4env COPYING or write to the FSF 59 Temple Place 330 Boston MA 02111 1307 USA for details CONTENTS CONTENTS Contents 1 Source Tree 1 1 MAINTAINER files and L4Check 2 2222 o o e e 3 12 Package Flags cc 2 RR ER 252 a e he EER Es Ri 3 2 Directory Roles 4 3 DROPS Configuration Tool 5 4 Build Directories 7 4 1 Building External Sources non 7 42 Parall
23. ROPSCONF_CONFIG_H the configuration header file which is included by the source files Default config h DROPSCONF CONFIG MK the make include file which is included by the makefiles Default Makeconf bid local DROPSCONF_DONTINC_MK If this option is non empty inclusion of the make include file is supressed Default empty DROPSCONF HELPFILE the file containing the option help texts Default config help DROPSCONF MACRO the macro which is defined when DROPSCONF CONFIG H is in cluded Default CONFIG H INCLUDED DROPSCONF TITLE the main title in the configuration tool Default DROPS Configuration Tool DROPSCONF_TOOL the path to the menu driven configuration tool used for the config target Default LADIR tool config Menuconfig DROPSCONF_TOOL_TXT the path to the configuration tool used for the txtconfig target Default LADIR too1 config Configure DROPSCONF_TOOL_OLD the path to the configuration tool used for the oldconfig target Default LADIR tool config Configure d DROPSCONF UNDEF If nonempty disabled boolean options won t be defined in DROPSCONF CONFIG H at all If empty disabled options will be defined as 0 Enabled boolean options are defined as 1 always Default empty 3 DROPS CONFIGURATION TOOL The configuration tool creates three files The configuration file DROP SCONF CONFIG the configura tion include f
24. S PKGS with a list of other packages that have to be present for this package to compile Whenever the build systems finds this variable it will check in the 14 pkg directory for package directories with that names If a package from the list is missing in the directory an error is printed and the make run is aborted Thus you can specify inter package dependencies 6 SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURES AND MODES 6 Systems Architectures and Modes This section describes how to build for multiple architectures and for multiple target systems 6 1 Definitions of Terms When building for multiple environments we distinguish between the sys tem and a mode System specifies the system environment of the target machine including the running u kernel System itself splits up into three parts lt SYSTEM gt lt ARCH gt _ lt CPU gt lt L4API gt lt ARCH gt specifies the architecture of the target processor lt CPU gt specifies a model of the processor in more detail It can be used for certain optimizations lt LAAPI gt specifies the binding of the u kernel See Table AJfor a list of currently defined architectures CPU types and LA APIs The LAAPI part is optional If it is omitted the target is assumed to be independent of a specific L4 binding Each target can be compiled for multiple systems at the same time Mode covers the target execution environment respectively the C libraries binaries should be linked
25. SRC_DOX_REF dm phys cfg include L4DIR mk doc mk 36 8 8 Role File runux mk 8 THE ROLE FILES 8 8 Role File runux mk 8 8 1 Purpose Use the ptest runux role to run automated tests on your package This role runs Fiasco UX with the specified server and test application and compares the generated out put with expected output If the output does not match a message is displayed and the build process is interrupted You may also trigger this test run in the 14 pkg directory by issuing make ptest 8 8 2 Make Targets all Phony target Runs Fiasco UX with given arguments and compares output to expected output ptest Phony target Same as all genexp Phony target Generate the expected output plainrun Phony target Simply runs Fiasco UX with given arguments No watchdog is installed no output filtering applied and no output comparison clean Delete intermediate compilation files cleanall Delete all generated files also the expected output file 1f generated by make 8 8 3 Required Parameters TEST SERVER The name of the binary to be run as the server to be tested If this binary name contains no directory elements then the binary is assumed to be in the architecture s and LA API s binary directory L4DIR bin ARCH L4API If there are directory elements is used as is If empty a warning is issued and make terminates successfully 8 3 4 Optional Par
26. STDDIRY lib Default empty OPTS Optimization switches for the compiler Default g 02 plus arch dependent switches PRIVATE _INCDIR Additional list of include directories Will be prefixed with I Default unset PRIVATE_LIBDIR Additional list of library directories Will be prefixed with L Default unset SERVERIDL IDL server source files The c and cc files compiled from the given IDLs are added to SRC C and SRC_CC respectively Default unset SRC_ C CC S The list of source c cc S files which have to be compiled and archived into the libraries Default unset SYSTEMS The systems the target libraries have to be build for If multiple systems are given each system is built into a separate directory Default x86 14v2 next page 28 8 3 Role File lib mk 8 THE ROLE FILES continued from last page WARNINGS Warning switches for the compiler Default Wall Wstrict prototypes Wmissing prototypes Wmissing declarations 8 3 6 Example PKGDIR L4DIR PKGDIR TARGET libping a SRC_C ping c include L4DIR mk lib mk 8 3 7 C programs If you do not need exception support you can use the l4env mode which comes with a much smaller libe You have to define some callbacks then Please see the exec server as an example 29 8 4 Role File idl mk 8 THE ROLE FILES 8 4 Role File i
27. TS WARNINGS DEBUG If set adds DDEBUG to DEFINES See there for details DEFINES Container for additional defines for the preprocessor Default Adds ARCH CPU and L4API as defines See Section 6 3 for details IDL_PATH The path to IDL files This path is used to find the client and server idl files Default PKG_DIR id1 OBJ SYSTEM IDL_PKGDIR A list of package directories where IDL files are used from This will eventually supercede IDL_PATH Default PKGDIR IDL_TYPE The type of the IDL files This type is used to determine the compiler to use See Section 8 4 for details Default dice Note The refers to the different IDL files not to the values of S TARGET INSTALL TARGET The list of the targets that will be installed automatically or on make install Default The targets and the targets specific to the current system Also see the NOTARGETSTOINSTALL parameter INSTALLFILE_LIB The command to install a library to the global install tree Default S INSTALL 1 INSTALLDIR_LIB next page 27 8 3 Role File lib mk 8 THE ROLE FILES continued from last page INSTALLFILE LIB LOCAL The command to install a library to the local install tree Default S LN sf call absfilename 1 INSTALLDIR LIB LOCAL S 1 INSTALLDIR LIB The directory
28. a CPU component but it can also be empty The L4API in SYSTEMS is optional too The user that compiles its L4 tree specifies the systems he wants to build Therefore he sets the vari able BUILD SYSTEMS e g using the global Makeconf bid local see Section B The systems listed in BUILD_ SYSTEMS always have an L4API component The user may specify a specific CPU for optimiza tion purposes within the CPU component He may even list the same CPU architecture L4API combination multiple times each time with a different CPU type e g x86_386 v2 x86_586 v2 x86_K7 v2 Within a source directory the matching systems are built A system matches if it can be found in both variables SYSTEMS and BUILD SYSTEMS If that directory requires no specific L4 binding no L4API part within SYSTEMS the L4API parts in BUILD SYSTEMS are ignored The CPU parts in BUILD_ SYSTEMS are always ignored for matching but if a match is found they become part of the matching system More formal From each item sys specified in BUILD_ SYSTEMS the CPU component is removed Then each shortened item sys is matched against the list in SYSTEMS If an element i of SYSTEMS can be found as a substring within sys i is added to the intersection list If the original value of sys had a CPU component this CPU component is added to i as well Some packages built code for multiple systems and use an IDL compiler to generate the communica tion
29. ameters TEST CLIENT The name of the binary to be run as the application testing the server Same naming rules apply as with TEST_SERVER FIASCOUX_ lt api gt The Fiasco UX binary to use for the specified L4APD Default LADIR kernel fiasco build ux LAAPI with 14 removed from L4APD BASE_SERVERS The binary names of the base servers required to run the test server Default log names dm phys If this variable does not contain directory parts then it is prefixed with the binary directory of user land executables Otherwise it is taken as is The binaries are then prefixed with 1 to run as modules of Fiasco UX next page 37 8 8 Role File runux mk 8 THE ROLE FILES continued from last page EXP ECT ED_OUT The name of the file to contain the expected output of the test run This file is compared to the output generated in the test run using diff Default expected txt If not specified the file can be generated by running make with the target genexp This will also create another file to indicate that the expected out put file has been generated It will then be deleted when running make cleanall Note Because the test is run in an OBJ directory this should be relative to the OBJ directory e g expected txt TIMI EOUT The timeout the watchdog waits for Fiasco UX before killing it This is the safe guard for test
30. dep string prompt symbol word dep I am still thinking about the semantics of these verbs Configure not implemented Menuconfig not implemented XConfig not implemented mconfig not implemented B 3 17 dep tristate prompt symbol dep This verb evaluates all of the dependencies in the dependency list Any dependency which has a value of 9999 y does not restrict the input range Any dependency which has a value of m restricts the input range to Mi m or n Any dependency which has an empty value is ignored Any dependency which has a value of n or which has some other value restricts the input range to n Quoting dependencies is not allowed Using dependencies with an empty value possible is not recommended If the input range is restricted to the single choice n dep tristate silently assigns n to symbol If the input range has more than one choice dep_tristate displays prompt to the user accepts a value from the user and assigns that value to symbol Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented Example drivers char Config in dep_tristate Parallel printer support CONFIG_PRINTER CONFIG_PARPORT Known bugs e Xconfig does not write foo is not set to config as well as undef foo to autoconf h if command is disabled by its dependencies B 3 18 unset symbol 9999 This verb assigns the
31. dl mk 8 4 1 Purpose The purpose of the IDL role is to translate IDL definition files into appropriate c and h files The c and h files are the targets To compile the generated files use directories with the prog or lib role and import the generated files using IDL related parameters There are no special targets 8 4 2 Make Targets all Phony target Generate the c and h files install Phony target Install into DROPS_STDDIR 8 4 3 Required Parameters IDL The list of the idl definition files 8 4 4 Optional Parameters DEFINES Container for additional defines for the preprocessor Default Adds ARCH CPU and L4API as defines See Section 6 3 for details IDL EXPORT SKELETON Mask of IDL files whose generated server include files should be in stalled into INSTALLDIR IDL Default empty nothing to install IDL EXPORT STUB Mask of IDL files whose generated client include files should be in stalled into INSTALLDIR IDL Default install the client headers of all IDL files in IDL IDL_FLAGS Additional flags to be passed to the idl compiler adds P DEFINES T S PRIVATE INCDIR GCCINCDIR L4INCDIR LIBCINCDIR Also adds flags to use the appropriate back and front ends according to L4API and IDL TYPE With MODE host L4INCDIR is not added IDL_TYPE This specifies what kind of idl the idl files are
32. e dietlibc DROPS_STDDIR include dietlibc GCCINCDIR libe nostdinc I GCCINCDIR L4DIR include dietlibc DROPS_STDDIR include dietlibc host l4linux I GCCINCDIR Table 6 Directories for include file search depending on the mode for dietlibc Examples Examples for the various modes can be found within the following packages sigmad names library host names lister example lMenv con library and server 6 6 Defining new architectures and modes Defining additional architecture mode pairs for a specific architecture is done by setting appropriate Make 66 99 variables To define mode mode for architecture arch set BID SUPPORTED arch mode to y and 6 6 Defining new architectures and modes 6 SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURES AND MODES Mode SLIBCINCDIR l4env nostdinc I L4DIR include x86 arm amd64 uclibc LADIR include uclibc L4DIR include uclibc DROPS STDDIR include x86 arm amd64 uclibc DROPS_STDDIR include uclibc DROPS_STDDIR include uclibc GCCINCDIR l4env_ minimal nostdinc I L4DIR include x86 arm amd64 uclibc LADIR include uclibc L4DIR include uclibc DROPS STDDIR include x86 arm amd64 uclibc DROPS STDDIR include uclibc DROPS STDDIR include uclibc GCCINCDIR l4env_ base nostdinc I L4DIR include x86 arm amd64 uclibc LADIR include uclibc LADIR include uclibc DROPS
33. e server 114vfs_ name space provider 114vfs_extendable tiny nostdlib GCCLDNOSTDLIB ldiet c ldietlibc support ldiet_be_minimal_io ldiet be 14 start stop ldiet be sigma0 mem ldiet c 114util lsigma0 ldiet c GCCLIB ldiet c 114sys sigma0 nostdlib GCCLDNOSTDLIB ldiet c ldietlibc support ldiet be minimaal io ldiet be 14 start stop ldiet be sigma0 mem ldiet c llogserver lnames lsigma0 114uti1l_root 114util ROOTLIB ldiet c GCCLIB ldiet c 114sys libe nostdlib GCCLDNOSTDLIB ldiet_c S LIBCBACKEND_LIB GCCLIB ldiet c host l4linux ldm generic ldm mem Inames l14util root 114util ROOTLIB lloaderif 114env 114env_err lslab 114sys Table 9 Standard libc libraries of dietlibc depending on the mode 15 6 6 Defining new architectures and modes 6 SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURES AND MODES Mode LIBCLIBS lMenv nostdlib GCCLDNOSTDLIB S UCLIBC_IMPLEMENTATION luclibc support S MALLOC_BACKEND lc be mmap 1c_ be mmap util lc be l4env start stop 1c_ be minimal log io luc be simple sleep 114env llogserver_capsul 114rm ldm_generic ldm mem lthread lgeneric ts UCLIBC IMPLEMENTATION GCCLIB UCLIBC IMPLEMENTATION ll4sys l4env_ minimal nostdlib GCCLDNOSTDLIB MALLOC_BACKEND UCLIBC_IMPLEMENTATION lc be ldenv start stop lgeneric ts lc be minimal log io lc be mmap util MALLOC BACKEND
34. eck 2 DICE User s Manual 2006 Available athttp os inf tu dresden de dice manual pdf 3 Han Wen Nienhuys gendep library Based on code from http www xs4al1 n1 hanwen public software README html 40 ROLE F MS ar SYSTI EM TO B CONFIGURATION LANGUAGE B Configuration Language This section describes the Configuration Language to be used to write the configuration definition files of DROPS packages As the drops configuration tool is inherited from the Linux Kernel Configuration Tool the Configuration Language is the same Hence the text is that of the Linux Kernel version 2 4 18 B 1 Introduction Config Language is not bash This document describes Config Language the Linux Kernel Configuration Language config in and Con fig in files are written in this language Although it looks and usually acts like a subset of the sh language Config Language has a restricted syntax and different semantics Here is a basic guideline for Config Language programming use only the programming idioms that you see in existing Config in files People often draw on their shell programming experience to invent idioms that look reasonable to shell programmers but silently fail in Config Language Config Language is not bash B 2 Interpreters Four different configuration programs read Config Language scripts Configure make config make oldconfig scripts Menuconfig make menuconfig
35. ecking Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented Example drivers video Config in if SCONFIG_FB_AMIGA y then define_tristate CONFIG_FBCON_AFB y define_tristate CONFIG_FBCON_ILBM y else if SCONFIG_FB_AMIGA m then define_tristate CONFIG_FBCON_AFB m define_tristate CONFIG_FBCON_ILBM m de fi 47 B 3 Statements B CONFIGURATION LANGUAGE B 3 14 dep bool prompt symbol dep EET This verb evaluates all of the dependencies in the dependency list Any dependency which has a value of y does not restrict the input range Any dependency which has an empty value is ignored Any dependency which has a value of n or which has some other value like m restricts the input range to n Quoting dependencies is not allowed Using dependencies with an empty value possible is not recommended See also dep mbool below If the input range is restricted to the single choice n dep Dbool silently assigns n to symbol If the input range has more than one choice dep bool displays prompt to the user accepts a value from the user and assigns that value to symbol Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented XConfig implemented mconfig implemented Example drivers net Config in dep_bool Aironet 4500 4800 PCI support CONFIG AIRONET4500 PCI N SCONFIG_PCI Known bugs e Xconfig does not write foo is not set to
36. el Build gt 222 3 4 20 BR RE 8208 hee oe ow Ba he dias 4 7 5 Dependencies 8 5 1 Source code dependencies SS ES SS SS ES se 8 5 2 Configuration File Dependenciesl SS ES e 8 5 3 Package Dependencies 3 20 0 8 RR RE Re RE GR Rees 8 6 Systems Architectures and Modes 10 6 1 Definitions of Terms 10 6 2 File System Representation 2 222 2 Comm nn 11 6 3 Compilation for Multiple Systems 2 2 2222 o o e 11 6 4 Specifying the Systems to build oo 12 65 MIOI ST een e E ete ee aa ee e 12 6 6 Defining new architectures and modes 2 2 220mm nen 13 7 Relocated binaries and the STATIC file 19 8 The Role Files 20 8 1 Common Role File Targets and Parameters mn nn 20 8 2 Role File progmkl coo crias MR bee een Pe nee 22 8 3 Role Flelibmk SS ee ee 26 8 4 Role Fileidlmkl 2222 2 Connor 30 8 5 Role File include mk 222222 2 Coon nn 32 8 6 Role File subdir mkl 2222 Co 2 Como nn 34 8 7 Role File doc mkl ES ES SE SS ES SS SS Se 35 8 8 Role Filerunux mkl ee 37 9 Reserved variables 40 A References 40 B Configuration Language 4 Bl Intr duction are se Fakes ker EA ba wa 41 B 2 Interpreters 1 us ua 8200 en Bad a ana nee 41 B3 Statements a A ls 42 1 SOURCE TREE 1 Source Tree Directory File Comment 14 base directory contains no Ma
37. env llogserver_capsul 114rm ldm_generic ldm mem lthread lgeneric ts DIETLIBC IMPLEMENTATION GCCLIB DIETLIBC IMPLEMENTATION 114sys l4env_ minimal nostdlib GCCLDNOSTDLIB MALLOC_BACKEND DIETLIBC_IMPLEMENTATION lc be l4env_start_stop lgeneric_ts lc be minimal log io lc be mmap util MALLOC BACKEND lc be mmap lc be mmap util 114rm ldm_mem ldm_ generic lthread 1semaphor 114env 114env_err 1slab llogserver_capsul 114rm lthread ldm_ generic lnames 114util_root 114util lsigma0 DIETLIBC IMPLEMENTATION GCCLIB S DIETLIBC_IMPLEMENTATION lc be l4denv start stop 114sys l4env_ base nostdlib GCCLDNOSTDLIB u printf lc be io o MALLOC BACKEND lc be tim lrtc 114rm ldm mem ldm generic lthread lsemaphor l14env 114env_err lslab llogserver_capsul 114rm lthread ldm_generic lnames 114util_root 114util 1sigma0 DIETLIBC_IMPLEMENTATION GCCLIB DIETLIBC_IMPLEMENTATION MALLOC BACKEND ll4rm ldm mem ldm generic l1c be tim 1c be mmap lc be mmap util lc be l4env start stop lgeneric ts lc be syslog lc be file tabl ldiet be simple sleep l14vfs common io 114vfs basic io 114vfs connection 114vfs basic name server ll14vfs nam
38. erated They end on cc and hh and are added to SRC_CC variables of lib and prog make roles 31 8 5 Role File include mk 8 THE ROLE FILES 8 5 Role File include mk 8 5 1 Purpose The purpose of the include role is to install all h and i under INCSRC_ DIR into the local install tree or into the drops install tree This role facilitates two goals with respect to managing include files 1 The path where the include files are found is entirely defined by the package name and the target system of the include files 2 Once written the make file need not be modified even when new include files are added or old include files are removed from the package The target system of an include file is determined by putting it into a specific subdirectory The role file will then install it accordingly By default INCSRC_ DIR points is set to the source directory To install generated header files set INCSRC DIR to OBJ_ DIR There is currently no mechanism to exclude header files When generating header files add them to the headers target which all depends on The following table defines the subdirectories depending on the target systems 1f the include file is designated for put it into or subdirectories thereof any system J CPU architecture lt arch gt ARCH lt arch gt CPU architecture lt arch gt and LAAPI lt api gt ARCH lt arch gt L4API lt api gt The installation paths are determi
39. existing files The role files then ensure that all objects files and targets depend on this general d 5 3 Package Dependencies To resolve inter package dependencies basically two mechanisms are used The first one is an explicit notation in the 14 pkg Makefile each package is separated into three parts headers lib and bin The headers parts consists of the id1 and include subdirectories of the package The lib part 5 3 Package Dependencies 5 DEPENDENCIES contains the 1ib subdirectory and the bin part does contain the server and examples subdirectories Usually the LA packages are build in the order of first building all headers sections then all 1 ib sections and finally all bin sections The packages belonging to the L4 Environment are here preferred above the rest so first all of the above steps for the L4 Environment later the same steps for the rest You will find several of explicit dependencies between the parts of different packages specified in 14 pkg Makefile These are respected by make during the build process and will ensure the correct order of building the packages However this mechanism fails if a package is not present in your source tree Then make will silently ignore that dependency and you will probably see errors of missing include files during compile or unresolved symbols when linking binaries This is where the second mechanism comes into play In your Makefiles you may specify the Variable DEPEND
40. fault value is mandatory Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented Example drivers sound Config in string Full pathname of DSPxxx LD firmware file CONFIG_PSS_BOOT_FILE etc sound dsp001 1d 45 B 3 Statements B CONFIGURATION LANGUAGE B 3 8 tristate prompt symbol This verb displays prompt to the user accepts a value from the user and assigns that value to symbol 9999 99 9999 Legal values are n m or y The value m stands for module it indicates that symbol should be built as a kernel module The value m is legal only if the symbol CONFIG MODULES currently has the value y The tristate verb does not have a default value Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented Example s Config in tristate NFS filesystem support CONFIG_NFS_FS B 3 9 define bool symbol word 9999 9999 This verb the value of word to symbol Legal values are n or y For compatibility reasons the value of m is also legal because it will be a while before define tristate is implemented everywhere Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented Example arch alpha config in if SCONFIG_ALPHA_GENERIC y then define_bool CONFIG_PCI y define_bool CONFIG_ALPHA_NEED_ROUNDING_EMULATION y f
41. following order global Makeconf bid local global Makeconf local packet local local 3 DROPS CONFIGURATION TOOL 3 DROPS Configuration Tool Most role files provide support for an interactive configuration tool which is derived from the config and menuconfig tools of Linux It differs in that it can be configured using environment variables Some minor extensions are build in too The configuration tool is run if the user runs make config make txtconfig or make oldconfig The following parameters control the configuration tool DROPSCONF if non empty the configuration tool will be run for the makefile targets old txt config If neither old txt config scrub clean nor cleanall is within the make targets the file DROPSCONF CONFIG is included using the include directive If this parameter is empty no commands are run and no file is included However you can specify additional commands to be run in your own Makefile Modifies help clean and cleanall rules Default empty do not run the configuration tool on make config DROPSCONF DEFCONFIG the default configuration file which is used as the initial configuration Default defconfig DROPSCONF CONFIG IN the configuration definition file Default config in DROPSCONF CONFIG the configuration file which holds the configuration This file is automat ically build from SDROPSCONF DEFCONFIG when needed Default config D
42. generate according dependency files and postprocess those With both methods dependency files are created automatically and they are used automatically We avoid a typical error when dealing with dependency files If a dependency file poses a dependency of a source file src c to an include file inc h and inc h is deleted with the appropriate modification in src c the build process may fail The make process notifies the dependency because of the unmodified dependency file but make does not know how to build inc h albeit it is not needed anymore Hence make throws an error We circumvent this by adding a rule inc h to the dependency file The result is that make rebuilds src c if inc h disappears exactly what we want However the fall back method for libraries has a problem with invalid symbolic links If a symbolic but invalid link is found within the library directories this is used for the library dependencies This might be the wrong choice as the actual library might appear later in the search path resulting in an abortion of the compilation process 5 2 Configuration File Dependencies The dependency generation also covers configuration and Makefiles This is each object file and target is made dependent on the Makefile and on the various Makeconf x local s present in the file system Information about if a configuration file is existing or not is stored in a file named general d and this file is made dependent of the
43. gets and Parameters 8 THE ROLE FILES S The Role Files Abbreviations Within the next sections the following abbreviations are used in the description of role file parameters XXX The parameter XXX can be specified in multiple forms To set the parameter for all targets defined in the parameter TARGET then just specify XXX To set the parameter for a special target target out of TARGET specify XXX_target XXX The parameter XXX can be specified in multiple forms To set the parameter for all tar gets defined in the parameter TARGET then and all systems defined in the parameter SYSTEM then just specify XXX To set the parameter for a special target target for all given systems specify XXX target To set the parameter for a special system sys for all given targets specify XXX_sys To set the parameter for a special target target for a special system sys specify XXX target sys 8 1 Common Role File Targets and Parameters 8 1 1 Make Targets All role files support the following phony targets which can be build using make lt target gt config Runs the menu driven configuration utility See Section 3 for details txtconfig Runs the configuration utility For directories a recursive invocation is done See Section B for details oldconfig Re creates a configuration header file based on a prior configuration or defaults For directo ries a recursive invocation is done See Section B for details
44. i B 3 10 define hex symbol word This verb assigns the value of word to symbol Any hexadecimal number is a legal value Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented Example Not from the corpus bool Specify custom serial port CONFIG SERIAL PORT CUSTOM if SCONFIG_SERIAL_PORT_CUSTOM y then hex Serial port number CONFIG_SERIAL PORT else define_hex CONFIG_SERIAL PORT 0x3F8 Pr 46 B 3 Statements B 3 11 define int symbol word This verb assigns symbol the value word Any decimal number is a legal value Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented Example drivers char ftape Config in B CONFIGURATION LANGUAGE define_int CONFIG_FT_ALPHA_CLOCK 0 B 3 12 define string symbol word This verb assigns the value of word to symbol Legal input values are any ASCII string except for the characters and V Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented Example Not from the corpus define_string CONFIG_VERSION 12 250 B 3 13 define tristate symbol word This verb assigns the value of word to symbol Legal input values are As soon as this verb is implemented in all interpreters please use it instead of define bool to define tristate values This aids in static type ch
45. ic include files such as stdarg h Never really NEVER try to include a stdarg h from a C library GCCLIB The name of the compiler s companion library libgcc 8 2 4 Required Parameters TARGET The list of the targets Or TARGET_ lt system gt The list of the targets for a special system Specify the system s in SYSTEMS 8 2 5 Optional Parameters ASFLAGS standard Makefile variable used additionally for compiling assembler files Default empty BID_STRIP_PROGS If set to y strip binaries on installation into local or global bin directories using STRIP strip unneeded Default empty BUILD_PROFILE If nonempty additional profile versions of the targets are built There fore each generated o file has an according pr o file which is compiled using the options pg DPROFILE Each target is accompanied by an additional file with the suffix pr These additional files contain the pro file code and are linked against profile libraries See Section 8 3Jon how to build profile libraries Default empty CLIENTIDL IDL client source files The c and cc files compiled from the given IDLs are added to SRC C and SRC_CC respectively Default unset CFLAGS standard Makefile variable used additionally for the compiler Default adds OPTS WARNINGS next page 22 8 2 Role File prog mk 8 THE ROLE FILES c
46. ies 8 6 2 Make Targets install Phony target Builds the targets in the given subdirs in TARGET using make C Calls make install in the subdirs then all clean cleanall install oldconfig scrub txtconfig Phony targets Call make all clean cleanall install oldconfig txtconfig scrub in the subdirecto ries config Phony target Does nothing 8 6 3 Required Parameters PKGDIR If additional dependencies are defined If Makefiles in idl and include exist include depends on idl If Makefiles in include and lib resp server exist lib resp server depend on include 8 6 4 Optional Parameters TARGET List of subdirectories to build The build order is unspecified unless other make de pendencies apply Default a list of selected subdirectories that contain a Make file If PKGDIR is the default selection contains idl include src lib server examples doc If PKGDIR is not include is not in the default list MKFLAGS This value is passed to make when building a subdir Default empty 8 6 5 Example PKGDIR L4DIR PKGDIR TARGET examplel easy complex include L4DIR mk subdir mk 34 8 7 Role File doc mk 8 THE ROLE FILES 8 7 Role File doc mk Use the doc role to create doxygen documentation related to a package or to compile latex files 8 7 1 Doxygen support The doc role allows to generate
47. ile SDROPSCONF_CONFIG_H and the make include file SDROPSCONF_CONFIG_MK The first contains the configuration in a format suitable for the config tool The second is a standard include file for C files The last contains the configuration in a format to be included in Makefiles Note that it is automatically included in your Makefile when one of the role files is included and if your Makefile supports configuration The role files ensure that the configuration file is build appropriately If you want to include the configuration file in other Makefiles make sure the configuration file is built When using the configuration tool the special target DROPSCONF CONFIG MK POST HOOK is called after generating DROPSCONF CONFIG MK You can add your own commands here the configuration options will already be effecive during execution 4 BUILD DIRECTORIES 4 Build Directories BID does use build directories to contain all generated files So your source directory will not be modified If you try to configure or build your L4 system without specifying a build directory an error is issued Simply name an build directory or output directory when calling make with the variable O set gt make O path to your build dir To create this directory and set up a basic Makefile infrastructure in this directory you have to call first gt make O path to your build dir config 4 1 Building External Sources If you do have a source directory out
48. istate prompt symbol e Define statements define bool symbol word define hex symbol word define int symbol word define string symbol word define tristate symbol word 42 B 3 Statements B CONFIGURATION LANGUAGE e Dependent statements dep_bool prompt symbol dep dep mbool prompt symbol dep dep hex prompt symbol word dep dep int prompt symbol word dep dep string prompt symbol word dep dep tristate prompt symbol dep e Unset statement unset symbol e Choice statements choice prompt Y word word nchoice prompt symbol prompt symbol e If statements if expr then statement fi if expr then statement else statement fi e Menu block mainmenu_option next_ comment comment prompt statement endmenu e Source statement source word B 3 1 mainmenu_name prompt This verb is a lot less important than it looks It specifies the top level name of this Config Language file Configure ignores this line Menuconfig ignores this line Xconfig uses prompt for the label window mconfig ignores this line mconfig does a better job without it Example arch sparc config in mainmenu_name Linux SPARC Kernel Configuration 43 B 3 Statements B CONFIGURATION LANGUAGE B 3 2 comment prompt This verb displays its prompt to the user during the configuration process and also
49. keconfs 14 kernel kernel sources 14 pkg contains the packages disappeared was 14 Makeconf 14 mk contains role files see Section 14 pkg PKGANME DROPS components packages 14 pkg PKGNAME include headers to be exported by that package 14 pkg PKGNAME id1 IDL definition 14 pkg PKGNAME lib sources server lib src include 14 pkg PKGNAME etc preferred names for according files examples man doc README TODO INSTALL COPYING 14 pkg PKGNAME Makefile package Makefile there is no symlink anymore 14 bin lib x86_586 x86_ 586 v2 ia64 and 14 include idl Build Installation path for the packages These directories contain stripped versions of compiled binaries 1 1 MAINTAINER files and L4Check To maintain at least a low level of code consistency in our DROPS project we designed the L4Check tool It runs every night and checkouts the various packages from CVS and builds them If the build process fails an email is automatically generated and sent to the maintainer of the failing package To define the maintainer of a package to be more precise of a subdirectory a so called maintainer file is used This is a file named MAINTAINER containing lines of the following syntax mailaddr mail address mail address If an error occurs within the directory subtree containing the maintainer file a mail indicating the error will be sent to the specified mail addresse
50. l ROOTLIB luc_c GCCLIB luc c 114sys libe nostdlib GCCLDNOSTDLIB ldiet c S LIBCBACKEND_LIB GCCLIB ldiet c host l4linux ldm generic ldm mem Inames l14util root 114util ROOTLIB lloaderif lldenv lldenv err lslab 114sys Table 10 Standard libc libraries of uclibc depending on the mode 16 6 6 Defining new architectures and modes 6 SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURES AND MODES Mode L4LIBS l4env static lgeneric ts ll4env 114rm ldm_generic ldm mem lthread lsemaphor llogserver_capsule lnames 114util_root 114util lsigma0 ROOTLIB ll4env ll4env_err ll4rm ldm_generic ldm mem lthread lslab 114sys l4env_ minimal static ll4rm ldm_mem ldm_generic lthread lsemaphor 114env 114env_err lslab llogserver capsule 114rm lthread ldm generic lnames 114util_root 114util 1sigma0 ROOTLIB 114sys l4env_ base static 114rm ldm mem ldm generic lthread lsemaphor lldenv 114env_err lslab llogserver_capsule 114rm lthread ldm generic lnames 114util_root 114util 1sigma0 ROOTLIB 114sys tiny static lmain 114util 114sys sigma0 static lmain lnames llogserver 114util_root 114util 114sys libe host l4linux Table 11 L4 libraries to be linked depending on the mode Mode CRTO LDSCRIPT lMenv crt0 o main stat ld
51. lation triggers a redraw within the appropriate viewer 8 7 3 Make Targets all Phony target Generate documentation and install it locally install Phony target Generate documentation and install it globally dvi ps pdf Phony targets Compile the primary tex document into dvi and ps respectively showdvi showps showpdf Phony targets Invoke a viewer on the compiled version of the primary tex document clean Delete intermediate compilation files cleanall Delete all generated files next page 35 8 7 Role File doc mk 8 THE ROLE FILES continued from last page 8 7 4 Optional Parameters DOXY FLAGS Semicolon separated list of additional flags for doxygen Should be set in Make cond local to enable disable warnings and status output Default empty Note All semicolons are removed no escaping SRC_DOX List of doxygen configuration files that will be compiled using doxygen The files should end on cfg and should build into a directory with the same name and the cfg removed SRC_DOX_GUIDE As SRC_DOX Documentation will be classified as user guide SRC_DOX_ INT As SRC_DOX Documentation will be classified as internal SRC_DOX REF As SRC_DOX Documentation will be classified as reference manual SRC_TEX List of KIEX files that will be compiled into postscript files 8 7 5 Example PKGDIR L4DIR PKGDIR
52. nclude exactly one role file To define the role of a directory use the following code in your Makefile subdir include L4DIR mk subdir mk prog include L4DIR mk prog mk lib include LADIR mk lib mk idl include LADIR mk idl mk include include L4DIR mk include mk doc include LADIR mk doc mk ptest include L4DIR mk runux mk Makeconf local s The Make variables to control the role files are defined in various files The Makefile a local akeconf local a packet local Makeconf local a global Makeconf local and a global akeconf bid local The local Makeconf 1local resides within the same directory as the Make file the packet local Makeconf local is located in the top level directory of a package and both global akeconf local and Makeconf bid local reside in L4DIR The gobal LADIR Makeconf bid local is created by the DROPS Configuration Tool see Sec tion when called in LADIR This file is mandatory i e you have to call make config and config ure your DROPS tree prior to compilation In contrast to this the Makeconf locals are optional they are included if they are available Create them with a text editor The Makeconfxlocal s should never be checked into the CVS as they are meant to define user specific things Additional configuration files can be created using the DROPS Configuration Tool The role files include the configuration files in the
53. ned according to the following table Designated system Local and global installation paths no system dependency L4DIR include 14 S PKGNAME DROPS_STDDIR include 14 PKGNAME CPU architecture lt arch gt L4DIR include lt arch gt 14 S PKGNAME CPU architecture lt arch gt and L4API lt api gt LADIR include lt arch gt lt api gt 14 PKGNAME DROPS_STDDIR include lt arch gt lt api gt 14 PKGNAME DROPS_STDDIR include lt arch gt 14 PKGNAME lt 8 5 2 Make Targets all Phony target Install all header files found in this directory tree into the local install tree install Phony target Install all header files found in this directory tree into the global install tree next page 32 8 5 Role File include mk 8 THE ROLE FILES continued from last page 8 5 3 Optional Parameters INSTALLDIR_INC The directory in the global install tree to install an include to Default DROPS_STDDIR include INSTALLDIR_INC_LOCAL The directory in the local install tree to install an include to Default LADIR include INSTALL_INC_PREFIX The prefix of installed files Think twice before changing this as it pol lutes the name space of include files Default 14 PKGNAME PKGNAME The name of the package Default value is determined from the name of the package directory TARGET
54. ofile code See Section 8 2Jon how to build profile executables If all BUILD SHARED BUILD PIC and BUILD PROFILE options are set you end with not less than six libraries and 4 object files per source file Suffixes o pr O S O Pr S O a PT a p a S SO pr p a PY S SO Note that prior to building libraries the library files are deleted This prevents old obsolete object files to be within the libraries 8 3 2 Make Targets all Phony target Build all libraries and install them into the local install tree then The local install tree is L4DIR 1ib To install In s is used relink Phony target Relink and reinstall the libraries in the case your dependencies are somehow wrong XXX p a This target is a library containing position independent code only The according object files end on _ p o and are compiled using appropriate compiler calls analogously to the other o Files XXX s a This target is a shared library This difference in filenames allows to explicitly distinguish between linking of static versus shared libraries 8 3 3 Provided Variables The following variables are provided by the prog mk role file GCCINCDIR The path where the gec specific include files such as stdarg h Never really NEVER try to include a stdarg h from a C library GCCLIB The name of the compiler s companion library libgcc 26 8 3 Role File lib mk 8 THE ROLE FILES 8 3 4 Req
55. ontinued from last page CPPFLAGS standard Makefile variables used additionally for preprocessor Default adds DEFINES I PRIVATE_INCDIR IDL_PATH GC CINCDIR L4INCDIR LIBCINCDIR IDL_ PATH is added if either CLIENTIDL or SERVERIDL are set With MODE host L4INCDIR is not added CRTO CRTO object to link as fist object to the binary Default depends on the selected mode CRIN CRTN object to link as last object to the binary Default depends on the selected mode CXXFLAGS standard Makefile variable used additionally for compiling C files Default adds OPTS WARNINGS DEBUG If set adds DDEBUG to DEFINES See there for details DEFAULT_RELOC The default link addresses for the targets Depending on the system a relocation address needs to be specified This address is used if the default reloc mechanism see 7 does not deliver an address Default unset Container for additional defines for the preprocessor Default Adds ARCH CPU and LAAPI as defines See Section 6 3 for details If S DEBUGO is set DDEBUG is added IDL PATH The path to IDL files This path is used to find the client and server idl files Default PKG_DIR id1 OBJ SYSTEM IDL_PKGDIR A list of package directories where IDL files are used from This will eventually supercede IDL_PATH Default PKGDIR
56. ory of the install tree Default home drops HAVE_LDSO used by prog mk 1ib mk idl mk If enabled nonempty dependency generation uses descent algorithms see Sec tion 5 for details Only disable this option if your host system does not provide ld so set this option empty then Default y enabled SHOWMES SAGES used by all roles If set to true or y a short textual description for every compilation step is printed Default true VERBOSE used by all roles If set to the commands invoked by make will not be shown Default unset 8 1 4 Provided Variables The following variables are provided by the role files PKGNAME The last part of the directory name specified in PKGDIR 21 8 2 Role File prog mk 8 THE ROLE FILES 8 2 Role File prog mk 8 2 1 Purpose The purpose of the prog role is to build executable binaries for different systems The executable binaries are the targets 8 2 2 Make Targets all Phony target Build all targets and install them into the local install tree then The local install tree is L4DIR bin To install strip strip unneeded is used relink Phony target Relink and reinstall the targets in the case your dependencies are somehow wrong 8 2 3 Provided Variables The following variables are provided by the prog mk role file GCCINCDIR The path where the gcc specif
57. s You can add maintainers for a specific subdirectory tree by placing an additional maintainer file in the root of that tree The sub maintainers will receive a mail in the case of an error in their subtree Additionally the maintainers of the upper directories will receive an according mail 1 2 Package Flags broken Ifa package becomes broken for some reason place a file named broken in the top level direc tory of that package and it won t be built obsolete If a package becomes outdated for some reason place a file named obsolete in the top level directory of that package and it won t be built 2 DIRECTORY ROLES 2 Directory Roles Each directory in the source tree has a distinct task i e each directory builds special kinds of targets This distinct task is expressed by a role where role is one of the following subdir be a container for other directories and recursively build them prog build executable binaries lib build libraries idl translate IDL definitions into code include hold include files which have to be installed doc build documentation for the package ptest test the package using Fiasco UX To define the role of a directory the Makefile of that directory has to include an according Makefile include the role file The role files are templates that define rules and variables to build the proper targets Make variables are used to control the behaviour of the role files Each Makefile must i
58. side your regular L4 setup and want to build this into your build directory you may do so using the SRC_BASE environment variable To determine the target location in the build directory BID requires a reference point This reference point is denoted by the SRC_ BASE variable An example L4DIR S HOME src 14 O S HOME build dirs build v2 PWD S HOME test pkg my pkg I you want my pkg to appear in the pkg sub directory in the build directory you would have to set SRC_ BASE to HOME test Thus your make invocation would look like this test pkg my pkg gt make O S HOME build dirs build v2 N LADIR HOME src 14 SRC de a 4 2 Parallel Build While talking about building your source we might as well mention parallel builds here If you simply run make j in your package directory you will notice that make will drop several dependencies see Section 5 and then start a parallel build This is actually not the intended behaviour because of course we would like to keep the dependencies intact Thus we must only enable parallel build where it is appropriate for instance in one sub directory containing only source files Therefore we use the environment variable PL to specify the level of parallelism You may invoke make like this src 14 pkg gt make O HOME build dirs build v2 PL 4 5 DEPENDENCIES 5 Dependencies 5 1 Source code dependencies Dependencies are built
59. stubs The systems these packets can be built for depend mainly on the IDL compiler To avoid to change all the Makefile of those packages if the IDL compiler supports more systems the variable IDL_ SYSTEMS contains all the systems our default IDL compiler dice 2 can generate code for A Makefile can use SYSTEMS IDL_ SYSTEMS to automatically build for all systems that are supported by dice Note that when compiling files in the OBJ x subdirectories the contents of SYSTEM can not neces sarily be found in the SYSTEMS variable of the original Makefile e g due to the added ARCH component To help writing system specific makefiles the make variable OSYSTEM is defined by the generated makefile It contains that part of the SYSTEMS variable in the Makefile that corresponds to the current SYSTEM Note 6 5 Modes The following modes are defined tiny Minimal environment Includes basic libc functionality from one of the C libraries selected and utility functions sigma0 Minimal L4 environment Includes basic libc functionality like tiny mode but addi tionally links log and names libraries 12 6 6 Defining new architectures and modes 6 SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURES AND MODES l4env Default mode to build L4Env applications Sets appropriate include and library paths Also links against the L4Env libraries I O output is printed to log l4env_minimal ldenv mode with just write l as I O backend
60. t a naked atom is not a valid expr If you try to use it as such Do not do this if SCONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL then bool Bogus experimental feature CONFIG_BOGUS fi then you will be surprised because CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL never has a value of the empty string It is always y or n and both of these are treated as true non empty by the bash based interpreters Configure and Menuconfig Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented XConfig implemented with bugs mconfig implemented Xconfig has some known bugs and probably some unknown bugs too 9999 e literals with an empty value are not properly handled B 3 22 mainmenu option next comment This verb introduces a new menu The next statement must have a comment verb The prompt of that comment verb becomes the title of the menu I have no idea why the original designer didn t create a menu verb Statements outside the scope of any menu are in the implicit top menu The title of the top menu comes from a variety of sources depending on the interpreter Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented B 3 23 endmenu This verb closes the scope of a menu Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented 51 B 3 Statements B CONFIGURATION LANGUAGE B 3 24 source word This verb interprets the literal
61. ted mconfig implemented Example arch i386 config in bool Symmetric multi processing support CONFIG_SMP 44 B 3 Statements B CONFIGURATION LANGUAGE B 3 5 hex prompt symbol word This verb displays prompt to the user accepts a value from the user and assigns that value to symbol Any hexadecimal number is a legal input value Avord is the default value The hex verb does not accept range parameters Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented Example drivers sound Config in hex I O base for SB Check from manual of the card CONFIG SB BASE 220 B 3 6 int prompt symbol word This verb displays prompt to the user accepts a value from the user and assigns that value to symbol word is the default value Any decimal number is a legal input value The int verb does not accept range parameters Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented mconfig implemented Example drivers char Config in int Maximum number of Unix98 PTYs in use 0 2048 N CONF IG_UNIX98_PTY_COUNT 256 B 3 7 string prompt symbol word This verb displays prompt to the user accepts a value from the user and assigns that value to symbol word is the default value Legal input values are any ASCII string except for the characters and N Configure will trap an input string of to display help The de
62. uired Parameters TARGET The list of the target libraries Or TARGET_ lt system gt The list of the target libraries for special system Specify the system s in SYSTEMS 8 3 5 Optional Parameters ASFLAGS standard Makefile variable used additionally for compiling assembler files Default empty BUILD_PROFILE If nonempty additional profile versions of the target libs are built These libraries end on pr a Default empty BUILD_SHARED If nonempty the target libs are built as shared libraries too These libs end on s so Default empty BUILD PIC If nonempty target libs containing position independent code PIC are built too These libs end on p a Default empty CFLAGS standard Makefile variable used additionally for the compiler Default adds OPTS WARNINGS CLIENTIDL IDL client source files The c and cc files compiled from the given IDLs are added to SRC_C and SRC_CC respectively Default unset CPPFLAGS standard Makefile variables used additionally for preprocessor Default adds DEFINES H PRIVATE_INCDIR IDL_PATH GC CINCDIR L4INCDIR LIBCINCDIR IDL_ PATH is added if either CLIENTIDL or SERVERIDL are set With MODE host L4INCDIR is not added CXXFLAGS standard Makefile variable used additionally for compiling C files Default adds OP
63. value to symbol but does not cause symbol to appear in the output The existence of this verb is a hack it covers up deeper problems with variable semantics in a random execution language Configure implemented Menuconfig implemented Xconfig implemented with bugs mconfig implemented Example arch mips config in unset CONFIG_PCI unset CONFIG_MIPS_JAZZ unset CONFIG_VIDEO_G364 49 B 3 Statements B CONFIGURATION LANGUAGE B 3 19 choice prompt word word This verb implements a choice list or radio button list selection It displays prompt to the user as well as a group of sub prompts which have corresponding symbols 9999 When the user selects a value the choice verb sets the corresponding symbol to y and sets all the other symbols in the choice list to n The second argument is a single quoted or double quoted word that describes a series of sub prompts and symbol names The interpreter breaks up the word at white space boundaries into a list of sub words The first sub word is the first prompt the second sub word is the first symbol The third sub word is the second prompt the fourth sub word is the second symbol And so on for all the sub words The third word is a literal word Its value must be a unique abbreviation for exactly one of the prompts The symbol corresponding to this prompt is the default enabled symbol Note that because of the syntax of the choice verb the sub
64. vely a sepa rate file Make rules if it exists within the upper directory Having that separate Make rules file might be useful as otherwise all definitions have to be done in that one Makefile Note that this Makefile is interpreted in the src directory and in the system specific subdirecto ries To prevent trouble you can write all the declarations meant for the src directory in the Makefile this are L4DIR PKGDIR and the systems normally All declarations for generating the targets and control ling the actual build process for one system in Make rules Make rules will only be interpreted within the subdirectories If immediate evaluation of variables defined in the role files is needed e g to define rules LADIR mk x mk can be included in Make rules It is ensured that the same role file will only 3Note that LAAP I can be empty 6 4 Specifying the Systems to build 6 SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURES AND MODES be included once If no role file is included explicitly it will be automatically included after including Make rules 6 4 Specifying the Systems to build So far we described how to build multiple systems No we describe how to specify the systems a packet can build Each source directory of a package specifies the target systems this directory can be built for The target systems are defined as a list within the parameter SYSTEMS in the Makefile of that source directory The systems listed in SYSTEMS may have
65. word as a filename and interpolates the contents of that file The word must be a single unquoted literal word Some interpreters interpret this verb at run time some interpreters interpret it at parse time Inclusion is textual inclusion like the C preprocessor include facility The source verb does not imply a submenu or any kind of block nesting Configure implemented run time Menuconfig implemented parse time Xconfig implemented parse time mconfig implemented parse time 52
66. xample You should specify CXXFLAGS fno exceptions fno rtti 8 2 8 Implementation status BUILD PROFILE To make it work additional libraries libl4sys pr must be linked which is not the case now It is not clear if all 14 libraries should be exchanged by profiling variants or not MODE is currently interpreted as MODE not as MODE 25 8 3 Role File lib mk 8 THE ROLE FILES 8 3 Role File lib mk 8 3 1 Purpose The purpose of the lib role is to build static and shared libraries for different systems The libraries are the targets To build shared libraries simply end the TARGET library name on s so The additional s later allows to explicitly specify linking against a shared library by specifying the different library base name to the linker The use of BUILD SHARED is deprecated To build libraries that can be used to build shared libraries later set the BUILD PIC option to nonempty The resulting libraries can be linked into shared libraries then They end on p a Both shared and pic libraries use objects compiled with the PIC option enabled The corresponding object files end on s o after compilation To build libraries with profiling support set the BUILD_ PROFILE to nonempty Each generated o file will have an accompanying pr o file which is compiled using the options pg DPROFILE Each target lib is accompanied by an additional lib with the suffix pr a These additional libs contain the pr
67. y the binaries will not be installed neither in the local L4DIR bin nor in the global DROPS STDDIR bin Default empty OPTS Optimization switches for the compiler Default g 02 plus arch dependent switches PRIVATE _INCDIR Additional list of include directories Will be prefixed with I Default unset PRIVATE_LIBDIR Additional list of library directories Will be prefixed with L Default unset SERVERIDL IDL server source files The c and cc files compiled from the given IDLs are added to SRC C and SRC_CC respectively Default unset SRC_ C CC S The list of source c cc S files which have to be compiled and linked to the targets Default unset next page 24 8 2 Role File prog mk 8 THE ROLE FILES continued from last page SYSTEMS The systems the targets have to be build for If multiple systems are given each system is build into a separate directory Default x86 14v2 WARNINGS Warning switches for the compiler Default Wall Wstrict prototypes Wmissing prototypes Wmissing declarations 8 2 6 Example PKGDIR L4DIR PKGDIR TARGET ping SRC_C ping c include L4DIR mk prog mk 8 2 7 C programs If you do not need exception support you can use the l4env mode which comes with a much smaller libc You have to define some callbacks then Please see the exec server as an e

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