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2730A Manual

1. 4 43 Defining a Pulse Waveform sss mme 4 44 Creating an Arbitrary Waveform 411 2 4 45 Example Text File icis enters eret etd evade e te wet sume se dee edie 4 45 Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Table of Contents IV OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS CONT D Creating an Arbitrary Waveform Loading Individual Data Points 4 46 Defining a Wave Segment for Execution 4 47 Creating a Complex Arbitrary 4 48 Figure 4 13 Sine Wave with Superimposed Noise and Glitches 4 51 Setting the 4 52 Generating a Waveform 2 22 2222 4 53 Modifying a Waveform s Output 4 53 Using Voltage Offset scien eene ne eet ded ba beanies 4 53 Storing and Recalling a Waveform Generator Setup 4 54 Generating and Transferring Data from WaveWorks DDS to Model 2730 4 55 v PROGRAMMING AND 5 1 BNC Input and Output 5
2. 3 9 IV OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 4 1 General DESCKIPTION PES 4 3 Front PAM c 4 3 Figure 4 1 Model 2730A Front Panel 4 3 Display WIndOW 2 eue tol oet aise kuspaqa oed Que T Une asus 4 4 Front Panel Controls 4 4 Front Panel Output Connectors 4 4 CLAIM 4 5 Figure 4 2 Model 2730A Rear 4 5 Rear Panel Input Connectors 4 6 Rear Panel Output Connectors 4 6 b Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Table of Contents IV OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS CONT D MENU nun um ana suasana qaa qhawa aiaa qanpa a rito Suha tusa ta qupa 4 7 PARAM Parameter 1 020 83 61 3 3 4 7 Figure 4 3 Parameter Menu 4 7 4 7 Atmiplitude ANE a
3. SOURce JAM FREQuency lt ws gt frequency units SOURce AM FREQuency ws MINimum MAXimum Examples AM FREQ 5KHZ AM FREQ 5E3 AM FREQ MAXIMUM AM FREQ MIN Query Syntax SOURce JAM FREQuency lt ws gt MAXimum MINimum Examples AM FREQ AM FREQ MAX Response NR3 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing AM SOURce This command selects the AM modulation source as either internal then the above settings are effective or external and then the external waveform determines depth shape and frequency of modulation Arguments Type Character Options INTernal EXTernal Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce AM SOURce ws option Examples AM SOUR INT AM SOUR EXT Query Syntax SOURce AM SOURce Response INT EXT Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing FM Modulation The following commands control the FM modulation FM STATe This command activates or deactivates FM modulation Arguments Type Boolean Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce FM STATe ws ON 1 OFF O Examples FM STAT ON FM OFF Query Syntax SOURce FM STATe Response oji FM DEViation This command sets the FM modulation deviation Arguments Type Numeric Units MHz KHz Hz default Range Dependent on the carrier frequency Fmax carrier frequency Fmin 10 uHz Rounding The value is rounded to 4 d
4. Square Rise Fall Time 10 90 Vmax into50Q lt 6ns Operating Modes Continuous Output continuous at programmed parameters Triggered Output quiescent until triggered by an internal or external trigger then one waveform cycle is generated to programmed parameters Up to 20 MHz trig rate for ARB waveforms and 10 MHz in DDS mode Gate Same as triggered mode except waveform is executed for the duration of the gate signal The last cycle started is completed Burst 2 999 999 cycles Phase 360 to 360 0 1 resolution Trigger Source Trigger source may be internal external or manual Internal Trigger Rate 0 01 Hz 1 MHz 4 digits resolution 0 002 accuracy Modulation Characteristics Amplitude Modulation Internal 0 01 Hz 20 kHz sine wave square or triangle Variable modulation from 0 to 100 External 5 Vp p for 100 modulation 10 kQ input Z Frequency Modulation Internal 0 01 Hz 20 kHz sine wave square or triangle External 5 Vp p for 100 deviation 10 kQ input Z FSK Internal rate 0 01 Hz 1 MHz External 1 MHz max Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Instrument Description 2730A Specifications cont d Sweep Characteristics Sweep Shape Linear and Logarithmic up or down Sweep Time 10 ms to 500 s Sweep trigger internal external continuous or burst Variable Phase Range 360 to 360 Resolution 0 1 Inputs and Outpu
5. Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Response PULSe EDGe Numeric S mS us ns 20 ns minimum maximum defined by period and transition see constraints on pg 5 47 4 digits Setting or Query SOURce PULse WIDth ws lt value gt SOURce PULse WIDth lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum SOURce PULse WIDth 500NS SOURce PULse WIDth lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum NR3 This command sets both rising and falling edge of the pulse to the specified value Arguments Type Units Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Response Numeric S mS us NS 100 ns minimum maximum defined by period and width see constraints on pg 5 47 4 digits Setting or Query SOURce PULse EDGe ws lt value gt SOURce PULse EDGe lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum SOURce PULse EDGe 500NS SOURce PULse EDGe lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum NR3 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing PULSe RISe This command sets rising edge of the pulse to the specified value Arguments Type Units Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Response PULSe FALI Numeric S Ms us ns 100 nS minimum maximum defined by period and width see constraints on pg 5 47 4 digits Setting or Query SOURce PULse RISe ws phase SOURce PULse RISe lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum
6. SOURce PULse RISe 500NS SOURce PULse RISe lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum NR3 This command sets falling edge of the pulse to the specified value Arguments Type Units Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Response Numeric S MS 5 ns 100 nS minimum maximum defined by period and width see constraints on pg 5 47 4 digits Setting or Query SOURce PULse FALI ws phase SOURce PULse FALI lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum SOURce PULse FALI 500NS SOURce PULse FALI ws MINimum MAXimum NR3 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Duty Cycle SOURce DCYCle lt duty cycle value lt This command is used to set the duty cycle of the square wave or the symmetry of triangular wave The value is given in percent Arguments Type Numeric Units None percent implied Range 20 to 80 Rounding to integer Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce DCYCle lt ws gt lt duty cycle value lt SOURce DCYCle lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Query Syntax SOURce DCYCle lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Response NR3 OUTPut Subsystem The Output Subsytem controls characteristics of the source s output Included in this subsystem are the State and Summing commands The command structure is as follows OUTPut STATe Boolean SUMming Boolean Output State OUTPut STATe state 0 1 This
7. to 360 with a 1 resolution to be entered F2 SET ZERO resets the phase value to zero Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d 4 26 MODE Trigger MODE Menu cont d Trigger Source Mode Menu For TRI G GATE or BURST modes F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 MAN INT EXT NBRST PREV Freq 1 000 000 00 KHz Burst External 2 IBN CHINE FFE Trigger Mode Burst Menu Pressing this key once will cause a MAN to appear denoting that manual trigger has been selected Pressing the key again will trigger the output once In burst mode the active wave will be repeated N times at the output every time this key is pressed Selects the internal trigger generator as the trigger source Change the internal trigger rate with the rotary input knob numeric keys or the units keys The rate determines the time interval between internal trigger pulses For Burst mode if the time taken to complete number of bursts exceeds the internal trigger rate an error Trig rate Short will appear Selects the external trigger signal as the trigger source The trigger source is supplied through the TRIG IN connector For BURST mode only Defines the number of burst pulses N to be output with each trigger N ranges from 2 to 999 999 Returns to the previous Menu selection Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Opera
8. 199 to 100 and indicates that a syntax error was detected This includes the case of an unrecognized header The occurrence of a command error causes the CME bit bit 5 of the Standard Event Status Register to be set Table 5 2 Summary of Command Errors ERROR DESCRI PTI ON ERROR DESCRI PTI ON CODE CODE 100 Command Error 124 Too many digits Maximum of 255 digits in mantissa 101 Invalid character 128 Numeric data not allowed A different data type was expected 102 Syntax error 131 Invalid suffix 103 Invalid separator 134 Suffix too long A maximum of 12 characters are allowed 104 Data type error 138 Suffix not allowed 105 GET not allowed 140 Character data error 108 Parameter not allowed 141 Invalid character data More parameters than allowed were Incorrect character data was received received 109 Missing parameter 144 Character data too long Fewer parameters than necessary were Character data may contain no more than received 12 characters 110 Command header error 148 Character data not allowed 111 Header separator error 158 String data not allowed 112 Program mnemonic too long 161 Invalid block data No more than 12 characters allowed An error was found in the block data 113 Undefined header 168 Block data not allowed 120 Numeric data error 170 Expression error Only 6 error ranges may be specified 121 Invalid character in number 171 Invalid expression An err
9. Choosing the output trigger mode Enabling the output Step 1 ACTION KEYSTROKES Select the wave type by choosing a waveform WAVE from the menu F1 F2 F3 FA F5 Step 2 ACTION KEYSTROKES Set the Output Frequency using the rotary PARAM knob or data entry keys Set Frequency Value Step 3 ACTION KEYSTROKES Set the Output Amplitude amp offset by using the PARAM rotary knob or numeric keypad to set the F2 AMPL amplitude Set Amplitude Value F2 OFST Set Offset Value Step 4 ACTION KEYSTROKES Set the Output Mode by choosing the desired MODE function from the MODE menu and enabling F1 F2 F3 F4 the output ON Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Instrument Operation cont d Defining a Pulse Waveform Before attempting to create a pulse waveform the user should have a clear understanding of the definitions of the pulse parameters Refer to Figures 4 5 4 6 amp 4 7 for definitions of lead time trail time width and period In addition the pulse parameters must meet certain constraints These constraints are defined by the instrument s capabilities and logic A list of these constraints is provided below DE Width Period Width Period 1 E 6 Width gt Lead Trail Period gt Width Rise Fall Lead Width 100 or Lead 01 us Trail 2 Width 100 or Trail 01 us Rise gt Period 100 000 or Rise 01 us Fall gt Peri
10. Defines the amplitude modulation depth from 0 to 100 F3 SHAPE Selects the modulation shape between SINE TRIANGLE or SQUARE F4 MOD FREQ Selects the modulation frequency from 0 01 Hz to 20 00 kHz F5 EXT INT Selects and enables the external modulation by an external signal applied to the Modulation In connector Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d MODUL MODULATI ON Menu cont d F3 FM Menu If FM is selected the following menu becomes available Freq 1 000 000 00 KHz Deviation 25 Hz ie FM Menu F1 ON OFF Enables or disables the FM Modulation mode F2 DEV Defines the FM deviation frequency F3 SHAPE Selects the modulation shape between SINE TRIANGLE or SQUARE F4 MOD FREQ Selects the modulation frequency from 0 01 Hz to 20 00 kHz F5 EXT INT Selects and enables the external modulation by an external signal applied to the Modulation In connector where 5 Vp p 100 modulation Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d MODUL MODULATI ON Menu cont d F5 FSK Menu If the FSK is selected the following menu is available Fred FSK FSE Low 888 8 Hz eo FSK Menu F1 ON OFF Selects the FSK ON or OFF operating mode F2 F LO Defines the low frequency of the FSK This is referred to as the space frequ
11. Make sure that arb memory locations 1 to 1000 are not protected To access the protection menu press WAVE gt ARB gt EDIT gt MORE gt PROT and verify that OFF is selected Load a 1000 point 50 scaled WAVE predefined sine wave into waveform F5 ARB memory starting at address 1 START 1 ENTER LENGTH 11101101101 ENTER FA EDIT F3 PREDEF F1 TYPE rotate knob for selection SINE ENTER F2 FROM DATA 1 ENTER F3 11101101101 ENTER FA SCALE 5 0 ENTER F5 EXEC F3 YES Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Examples cont d Step 2 ACTION Operating I nstructions KEYSTROKES When the WAVE key is pressed you will be promoted to save the data in flash memory so that the data can be retained during power down Select F3 YES Load a 5 scaled 100 point predefined waveform into waveform memory starting at address 200 WAVE F5 ARB F4 EDIT F3 PREDEF F1 TYPE SINE F2 FROM 2 0 0 ENTER F3 1 0 0 ENTER F4 SCALE 0 5 ENTER F5 EXEC F3 YES You should have a 2 5 Vp p 1 kHz sine wave on your oscilloscope The sine wave should have a 25 Vp p sine wave superimposed to it at data locations 200 to 300 at the positive peak Step 3 ACTION KEYSTROKES Draw a line between address 251 WAVE the highest point of the sine wave and F5 ARB address 501 where the sine wave crosses
12. Rise Fall Rise Width 100 or Rise 01 ps Fall 2 Width 100 or Fall 01 us Rise gt Period 100 000 or Rise 01 us Fall gt Period 100 000 or Fall 01 us Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d WAVE WAVE Menu cont d F4 PULSE cont d The parameters period width rise amp fall of the pulse waveform should agree with the previously defined constraints Refer to the illustrations below for details on the definition of rise fall width and period Figure 4 5 Definition of 10 90 Rise and Fall Figure 4 6 Definition of Width Leading and Trailing Edges Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d WAVE WAVE Menu cont d F4 PULSE cont d F1 FREQ PERIOD Allows the frequency or the period of the pulse waveform to be defined The pulse frequency ranges from 500 uHz to 25 MHz 2000 S to 40 nS The frequency period limits may be restricted by the width lead and trail settings If the frequency is set then the period is automatically adjusted to 1 f If the period is set then the frequency is automatically adjusted to 1 P F2 WIDTH This sets the width of the pulse on time The minimum allowable width is 20 nS This allows time for a 10 nS lead and trail edge time The maximum allowable pulse width is 1999 S F3 EQUAL EDGE Sets
13. unaffected by transitions among the 4 remote local states The REMOTE indicator lights when the waveform generator is in REMS or RWLS Local State LOCS 5 82 When in a local state LOCS you control the settings through the front panel controls In addition only GPIB query commands are executed All other GPIB commands settings and operations prompt an error since those commands are under front panel local control NOTE The waveform generator can be in either Local State LOCS or Remote State REMS when it receives the Local Lockout LLO interface message If in LOCS and REN is asserted the waveform generator enters the Local With Lockout State LWLS or if in REMS it enters the Remote With Lockout State RWLS when it receives LLO The controller controls the LWLS and RWLS state transitions Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Local Without Lockout State LWLS When the waveform generator is in a local without lockout state LWLS it operates the same as it does in LOCS However in LWLS rtl does not inhibit a transition to remote state Remote State REMS When the waveform generator is in a remote state REMS you control its operations from the controller All settings update when GPIB are executed Remote With Lockout State RWLS When in a remote with lockout state RWLS the waveform generator operates much the same as it does in LOCS However when in RWLS the
14. 2730A 0 V1 XX Instrument Reset The RST common command restores an instrument to its factory default settings Self Test The TST common query causes the device to perform a self test This self test consists of checking the functionality of the arbitrary waveform memory Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Command Syntax General Command Structure The device commands are generally defined by the SCPI standard with the exception of those instrument functions for which SCPI commands do not as yet exist The Common Commands and Queries are defined by IEEE 488 2 The command syntax i e how a command is structured is defined by IEEE 488 2 A Program Message is defined as a string containing one or more Program Message Units each of which is an instrument command or query Program Message Units are separated from each other by the Program Message Unit Separator The Program Message is terminated by the Program Message Terminator The Program Message Unit Separator consists of a semicolon optionally preceded and or followed by white space characters A white space character is defined as the ASCII characters in the ranges 00H 09H and OBH 20H This range includes the ASCII control characters and the space but excludes the Linefeed character The Program Message Terminator consists of optional white space characters followed by one of three options a The Linefeed LF character
15. 2730A may be operated in its arbitrary waveform mode Custom waveforms may be imported created or edited using WaveWorks DDS software or the instrument s front panel The user defines the range any segment between 1 to 4 000 000 of arbitrary wave data to be executed Wave Creation Software Windows based WaveWorks DDS is provided at no additional charge The user can create import edit download upload data to from the instrument using WaveWorks DDS WaveWorks DDS also has the ability to download wave data directly from select Tektronix and Agilent oscilloscopes 0 01 Hz to 125 MS s Sampling Speed The execution of arbitrary wave data can be varied from 01 Hz to 125 MS s The wide sampling range offers exceptional flexibility for wave data storage and execution 4 MB of Arbitrary Wave Memory The 2730A offers up to 4 MB of wave memory No other function arbitrary waveform generator in its class offers this much memory Programmable Synchronous Output Marker In arbitrary wave mode a fully programmable TTL marker pulse allows external synchronization with arbitrary waveform data points The width and starting address of the pulse are user defined between address locations 1 through 4 000 000 RS 232C and GPIB Interfaces GPIB and RS 232C interfaces are included at no additional charge 3 Year Warranty TEGAM stands behind this product and backs it with a full 3 year warranty Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Wa
16. 3 Front Panel Output 5 3 Rear Panel Input Connectors 5 4 Rear Panel Output Connectors 5 5 RS 232C 6 nnn 5 6 Generaler ERES 5 6 Figure 5 1 Cable End View 5 6 Table 5 1 Pin Designations for RS 232C Cable 5 6 RS 232C 5 7 GPIB Interface iiiter ER e TR Rx rv kr do 5 8 ee 5 8 Figure 5 2 GPIB Connector Pin Assignments 5 8 Device State wind deed peas I WR e e IIa ania 5 9 Interface Function Subsets 20 5 10 Device Address 5 10 Message Exchange Protocol 5 10 Block Dat ER 5 12 Instrument Identification 0 ccc eect eee mmn 5 12 Instrument Reset cipere are ede ced HU TR LATE DERE ED LEEREN ha ERI ed 5 12 Self NOSE Mm 5 12 Command tete een pen tenute a ea re a ae et ne Rd aski 5 13 Status Reporting i umu
17. AN 4 8 Table 4 1 Waveform Amplitudes Examples 4 8 el 4 9 Table 4 2 Voltage Offset Ranges 4 9 Amplitude Units 2 5 22 petere rtt teeth oett cea e aa 4 10 Internal External Reference 4 10 WAVE Wave 111 2 311110600 4 11 Figure 4 4 Wave Menu 4 11 PUISE chica eee S 4 12 Figure 4 5 Definition of 10 9096 Lead and Trail 4 13 Figure 4 6 Definition of Width Leading and Trailing Edges 4 13 Figure 4 7 Definition of Period amp Width 4 13 Arbitrary Waveform 4 15 Table 4 3 Length Limits for Predefined Waveforms 4 20 MODE Trigger Mode 4 24 Figure 4 8 Trigger Mode Menu 4 24 SWEEP Sweep 0 0 0 0 0 a 4 27 Figure 4 9 Sweep Menu 4 27 MODUL Modulation 2 4 2 2 2 2 24 4 2 400 4 29 Figure 4 10 Modulation Menu 4 29 SETUPS Setups Menu ccc c
18. Amplitude Accuracy EU ME Select a SINE wave with a frequency of 1 kHz and 0 00 V offset Connect OUTPUT to the DMM with the 50 Q load Set the Amplitude to 10 00 Vpeax Measure the true RMS amplitude on the DMM Verify the true RMS amplitude is between 6 99 Vrms and 7 15 Vgys Set the Amplitude to 1 00 Measure the true RMS amplitude on DMM Verify the true RMS amplitude is between 0 686 Vrms and 0 728 Vrms Total Harmonic Distortion THD plus Noise DTI Select a SINE wave with 0 00 V offset Set the Amplitude to 9 10 V Set the Frequency to 20 00 kHz Connect OUTPUT to the distortion analyzer input using a 50Q load Set the distortion analyzer for a 20 kHz signal and 80 kHz measurement bandwidth Verify THD Noise measures less than 65 dBc Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Service I nformation Model 2730A Performance Verification Model Tegam 2730A Date Serial No Tested by TEGAM Model 2730A Verification Test Test Parameters Frequency Specification 9 9998 MHz 10 0000 MHz 10 0002 MHz Accuracy Test Data Specification Rise Fall Time Test Data Specification 1 Test Data Specification 2 DC Offset Test Data Specification 3 0 0791 V 0 1009 V Test Data Specification 1 6 99 Vnus 7 07 Vnus 7 15 Vnus Test Data Amplitude Specification 2 0 686 Vnus 0 707 Vnus 0 728 Vnus Test Data Speci
19. B Default Set p TE SETUP Menu Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d 4 34 SETUPS SETUPS Menu cont d F1 RECALL F3 STORE F4 SAVE ARB Recalls a previously stored front panel setup from the selected buffer Change the buffer number by using the rotary input knob Valid storage buffer numbers are from 1 to 49 Buffer 0 is the factory default setup location Location 50 may be recalled as well To recall a setting press RECALL MEMORY LOCATION 0 49 ENTER Stores the current front panel setup to the specified storage location Change the location number by using the data keys or the rotary input knob Valid storage buffer numbers range from 1 to 49 Press the ENTER key to store the settings A DONE message will appear to confirm that the current settings have been saved To store a setting press STORE 2 MEMORY LOCATION 1 49 ENTER Pressing this soft key will write the arbitrary waveform memory into FLASH non volatile memory The key is visible only when the 2730A is in the ARB waveform mode For example custom wave data downloaded from WaveWorks DDS to the 2730A can be written into FLASH memory by depressing the F4 SAVE ARB button This way it is retained in the event that power is lost Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Front Panel Keys UTIL U
20. DATA 100 200 1000 2000 2000 ARBitrary DATA lt ws gt lt arb block data See the section on Block Transfer ARB DATA 14 x8 x64 x8 xC8 x indicates that the values are Hexadecimal ARB DATA 0 x8 x64 x8 xc8 xa EOI ARBitrary DATA lt ws gt lt number of points gt BINary ASCii Using the BINary option data is returned in indefinite arbitrary block form Using the ASCii option data is returned in decimal numeric form Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing 5 56 Considerations 1 Data cannot be written to protected memory In binary form each data point consists of two bytes The high byte must precede the low byte Line Draw ARBitrary DRAW start address end address gt This command is used to generate a straight line between two points in the arbitrary waveform memory Arguments Type Numeric Range 1 to 4 000 000 Rounding to integer value Command Type Setting only Setting Syntax ARBitrary DRAW ws start address gt end address gt Example ARB DRAW 1 1000 Considerations 1 The value of the data at the start and end points must first be set by the user using the ARB DATA command 2 The range of the straight line cannot overlap with protected memory 3 The end address must be greater than the start address Clear ARBitrary CLEar start address gt lt end address gt This command is used to clear all or a portion of wa
21. ERIR TE PR IEK e s ones 1 8 Inputs and OUtpUts u retentu ster Sete tee bn cota e Decitre E AG ten 1 8 Computer Interfaces 1 8 General Specifications 1 9 I PREPARATION FOR USE 2 1 Unpacking Inspection r r een 2 3 Safety Information and Precautions 2 3 Servicing Safety Summary 2 5 Line Voltage and Fuse Selection 00 0 mmm 2 6 III QUICK START INSTRUCTIONS 3 1 IntrodUctlOn eene deta ede Eder aUe end Deck Re vena IE Pe RR HUE diede 3 3 POWER the U It u EE 3 3 Your First sensere sen nnn 3 3 Instrument Settings ett eene re nix ceed Peas eda e EET E a dide 3 4 Table 3 1 Factory Default 3 4 Using the Function 2 emen 3 5 Downloading a Waveform from WaveWorks DDS to the Instrument 3 7 Using WaveWorks DDS to Create an Arbitrary Waveform 3 8 General Tips for Usage
22. F4 EDIT the origin F2 LINE F1 FROM 2 5 1 ENTER F2 TO 5 0 1 ENTER FA EXEC F3 YES 4 49 Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Examples cont d 4 50 Operating I nstructions Step 4 ACTION KEYSTROKES Add a negative pulse glitch data value 2047 at addresses 600 through 606 WAVE F5 ARB F4 EDIT F1 POINT F1 ADRS 6 0 0 ENTER F2 DATA 2 0 41 7 ENTER repeat 2047 and ENTER for addresses 601 606 Notice that every time the ENTER key is pressed the address location will auto increment Step 5 ACTION KEYSTROKES Add a 5 noise signal to addresses 700 through 800 WAVE F5 ARB FA EDIT F3 PREDEF F2 FROM 7 0 0 ENTER F3 1 0 0 ENTER F4 SCALE 0 5 ENTER F1 TYPE NOISE ENTER F5 EXEC F1 ADD FA EXEC F3 YES Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Examples cont d a NT Figure 4 13 Sine Wave with Superimposed Noise and Glitches Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Examples cont d Setting the Frequency The arbitrary waveform frequency is a function of the number of data points used to run the waveform the length parameter in the ARBITRARY menu and the waveform execution point rate The waveform execution point rate is the execution time between
23. F5 PREV Returns to previous menu Displays the Protect menu so that a section of waveform memory may be protected and made into ROM F1 FROM Selects the starting address of the data to protect F2 TO Selects the ending address of the data to protect F3 ALL Protects the whole waveform memory Equivalent to selecting from 1 to 4 000 000 NOTE you can protect only one segment of waveform memory at a time FA ON OFF Enables or disables memory protection F5 PREV Returns to previous menu TEGAM Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d WAVE WAVE Menu cont d Arbitrary Waveform Edit Menu F4 SHOW WAVE Uses the entire LCD area to graphically display the active waveform Pressing the F4 SHOW WAVE again or any other key will return the LCD to its normal state F5 PREV Returns to previous menu Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d Figure 4 8 MODE Trigger MODE Menu Tree MODE CONT TRIG GATE BURST PHASE SELECT SELECT SELECT SELECT SELECT DDS Mode Only INT EXT PREV SELECT SELECT SELECT SELECT SELECT SELECT SELECT SELECT MANS INT EXT NBURST PREV SELECT SELECT lt SELECT gt SELECT SELECT PHASE SET PREV VALUE ZERO SELE
24. Range or other error message The default amplitude is displayed in p p voltage However once the AMPL function is active the user may select from Vp p Vrms or dBm units by pressing the F4 UNITS key Setting the Amplitude The following equation represents the relative output voltage amplitude relationship between the front panel amplitude peak to peak setting and the data point values in waveform memory Output voltage amplitude p p setting x data point value offset 16 383 Where 16 383 is the data point value range in waveform memory Table 4 1 Waveform Amplitudes Examples Front Panel Data Point Relative Output Amplitude Value Voltage Amplitude Setting 5 Vp p 8191 5 Vp p 4096 1 25 V 5 Vp p 0 OV offset voltage 9 Vp p 1200 659 mV 9 Vp p 4000 2 197 V 4 Vp p 8191 2 0 V Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d PARAM PARAMeter Menu cont d F3 AMPL OFST This key toggles between the Amplitude and Offset Settings OFST When OFST is highlighted the Offset parameter is active Change the offset by using the cursor keys rotary dial or numerical keys If a certain setting cannot be produced the waveform generator will display a Setting Conflict message Amplitude and Offset Interaction Amplitude and offset settings interact and are bound by hardware restrictions In order to obtain the desired waveform the following a
25. a 20 s time out period Select zero 0 to have the waveform generator power on with the factory default settings Select 50 to have the waveform generator power on with the settings it had at the last power off Instrument settings are automatically stored into location 50 every 10 seconds Location 50 retains these values so that upon power up the last instrument settings before power down are recalled Location 50 is not user definable Select any other value in the range from 1 to 49 to have the waveform generator power on with the settings that you have saved with SETUPS STORE in the range 1 to 49 Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Front Panel Keys cont d ON ON Key Use this key to control the main output signal When the output is active an message is displayed on the upper right hand side of the LCD lt gt Cursor Movement Keys Use these keys to move the cursor when visible either left or right They are used in conjunction with the rotary input knob to set parameter values Rotary Input Knob Use this knob to increase and decrease numeric values or to scroll through a list The cursor indicates the low order position of the displayed value which changes when you rotate the knob for straight numeric entries only For other types of data the whole value changes when you rotate the knob ENTER ENTER Key Pressing the ENTER key will activate a menu selec
26. address is within the range of addresses currently being run Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing 5 62 Marker Length ARBitrary MARKer LENGth numeric value This command is used to set the marker length The marker length is specified by appending a numeric value to the MARKer keyword Arguments Type Numeric Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax ARBitrary MARKer LENGth ws length Example ARB MARK LENG 5 Query Syntax ARBitrary MARKer LENGth Response NR1 Marker State ARBitrary MARKer STATe Boolean This command is used to enable or disable the marker Arguments Type Boolean Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax ARBitrary MARKer STATe lt ws gt ON 1 OFF 0 Query Syntax ARBitrary MARKer STATe Response Oji Save ARBitrary SAVe This command is used to save all unsaved arbitrary waveform data into non volatile memory Arguments Type none Command Type Setting only Setting Syntax ARBitrary SAVe Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Status Subsystem This subsystem controls the SCPI defined status reporting structures which are the QUEStionable and OPERation status registers and the error event queue The OPERation status registers are mandated by SCPI and so are implemented but are not used by the hardware No status is ever reported through them and they ar
27. both the leading and trailing edge of the pulse to this transition time FA LEAD TRAIL This allows the leading and trailing edge of the pulse to be programmed with different values F5 PREV Returns to the previous menu An example for defining and creating a pulse is at the end of the Operating Instructions section Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d WAVE WAVE Menu cont d F5 ARB Selects the arbitrary waveform and then displays the arbitrary menu Freq 1 000 KHz Start 1 Arbitrary Menu Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d WAVE WAVE Menu cont d Arbitrary Waveform Menu F1 START F2 LENGTH F3 MARK Start Location Selects the arbitrary waveform start address Minimum value 1 The start address must have an odd value Waveform Length Selects the arbitrary waveform length Use the START and LENGTH keys to mark a selection of waveform memory that will be executed The length must have an even value Marker Output Accesses the menu for defining the start address and width of the TTL marker pulse available at the Marker Out connector The Marker pulse can be programmed at any width or location within the start and stop addresses of the arbitrary waveform Freq 1 000 KHz Mark Adrs 1 Marker Output Menu F2 ADDR Marker begins at th
28. bytes The indefinite form preamble consists of a 0 character alone Both the definite and indefinite forms have a prefix in the preamble Another difference is that the indefinite form since it does not contain a byte count must be terminated with LF EOI Since each arbitrary data point consists of two bytes an even number of bytes must be sent In the following examples the data is specified in Hex format with each byte being preceded by in order to show this Example of definite form ARB DATA 16 x8 x0 x8 x1 x8 x2 Here the byte count consists of one byte only and the value is 6 Example to definite form 0 x8 x0 x8 x1 x8 x2 x0A Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing The x0A represents the Linefeed character EOI must be sent with this character Arbitrary data read from the instrument in binary form as opposed to ASCII are returned in indefinite form Before sending your data enable all errors to be reported using STAT QUEUE ENABLE ALL Then if the arb data command causes an error the error message may be read from the queue using the query SYST ERR Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing GPI B Communication Protocol General This appendix describes the effects of interface messages on waveform generator operation and uses abbreviations from the IEEE Standard 488 1 1987 Responses to
29. each point in the waveform The total time taken to run one period of the waveform is given by number of points X execution rate Because the output frequency is a function of the rate and the number of points being executed the output frequency of the waveform is Frequency 1 number of points X rate For example to set the output frequency to 1000Hz using 1000 data points calculate Execution Rate 1 1 us 1000 points X 1000Hz EXAMPLE Setting the Output Frequency To set the output frequency of a 1000 point waveform in execution memory to 1000Hz set the rate to 16 Step 1 ACTION KEYSTROKES Set the output rate to 1 us PARAM equivalent to 1000 Hz output frequency F1 RATE 4 52 1 KHz us Once you have created the waveform you must specify which memory segment to execute For information about specifying a segment of memory to execute see the section on Loading a Waveform into Execution Memory TEGAM Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Examples cont d Generating a Waveform Output Once you load a waveform into execution memory you can output the waveform by setting the trigger mode and output parameters frequency amplitude offset Setting the Trigger Mode To set the trigger mode 1 Press MODE to display the Mode menu 2 Press a F1 CONT to select continuous mode b F2 TRIG to select triggered mode c F3 GATE t
30. higher of the two frequencies used in FSK modulation Arguments Type Units Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Examples Response Numeric MHz KHz Hz default The whole frequency range of the current function The value is rounded to 4 digits Setting or Query SOURce FSK HIFrequency ws frequency units SOURce FSK HIFrequency ws MINimum MAXimum FSK HIFrequency 5KHZ FSK HIF 5E3 FSK HIF MAXIMUM FSK HIF MIN SOURce FSK HIFrequency ws MAXimum MINimum FSK HIF FSK HIF MAX NR3 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing FSK RATE This command sets the rate of switching between the two frequencies of the modulation Arguments Type Numeric Units MHz KHz Hz default Range Fmax 1MHz Fmin 0 01Hz Rounding The value is rounded to 4 digits Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce FSK RATE ws frequency units SOURce FSK RATE lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Examples FSK RATE 5KHZ FSK RATE 5E3 FSK RATE MAXIMUM FSK RATE MIN Query Syntax SOURce FSK RATE lt ws gt MAXimum MINimum Examples FSK RATE FSK RATE MAX Response NR3 FSK SOURce This command selects the FSK modulation source as either internal then the above settings are effective or external and then the external waveform determines the frequency of modulation Arguments Type Character O
31. in a program message containing an OFFSet command since these values are evaluated during parsing based on the current value of the offset Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Offset Programming and Interfacing SOURce VOLTage OFFSet offset The offset command is used to set the DC offset of the output waveform Note that the amplitude and the offset are limited by the relation Output Voltage Range Constraints of Amplitude Offset 0 010 volt to 10 00 volts Vp p 2 offset lt 5 volts Arguments Type Units Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Examples Response Considerations Numeric V mV 10mvV to 4 99V to 10mV Setting or Query SOURce VOLTage OFFSet ws offset units SOURce VOLTage OFFSet ws MINimum MAXimum VOLT OFFS 2 5 VOLT OFFS 2 5V VOLT OFFS MAX SOURce VOLTage OFFSet lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum VOLT OFFS VOLT OFFS MAX NR2 1 The MAXimum offset is dependent on the amplitude 2 The MAX and MIN arguments should not be used in a program message containing an AMPLitude command since these values are evaluated during parsing based on the current value of the amplitude 5 33 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Clock Reference Source SOURce REFerence SOURce clock source This command is used to sele
32. loss This memory is a matrix 16 383 x 4 000 000 that you use to plot your arbitrary waveforms The FLASH also stores up to 49 front panel setups For more information see the SETUPS key section For arbitrary waveform data the waveform generator loads the selected contents of the FLASH arbitrary waveform memory into the DRAM for execution In order to save arbitrary edited data into flash memory the instrument needs to be in arbitrary wave mode In this mode when wave data is changed the instrument displays a message SAVE DATA after each modification of the arbitrary waveform in the EDIT menu Arbitrary wave data may also be saved by pressing the SETUPS SAVE ARB keys If the arbitrary data is not saved then it will be lost upon powering the instrument down Because it is impossible to guarantee against loss of stored data you should always maintain a backup of the data stored in memory so that you can manually restore such data if necessary This can be achieved by using WaveWorks DDS Displaying Errors At power on the waveform generator performs a diagnostic routine to check itself for problems If the diagnostic routine finds an error an error message is displayed The waveform generator also displays error messages when front panel settings are either invalid or may produce unexpected results Table 4 5 Error messages for Model 2730A Message Text Cause Out of range Setting conflict Trig rate short i SCALE too
33. power cord 4 WARNING To avoid electrical shock or other potential safety hazards plug the power cord into a properly wired receptacle before using this instrument The proper grounding of this instrument is essential for safety and optimizing instrument operation The power cord must meet IEC safety standards Danger Arising from Loss of Ground WARNING If the connection to ground is lost or compromised a floating potential could develop in the instrument Under these conditions all accessible parts including insulating parts such as keypads and buttons could develop a hazardous voltage and put the user at risk 24 TEGAM Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Preparation for Use A Use the Proper Fuse To avoid fire hazard use only the correct fuse type as specified for the AC power supply in the Preparation for Use or Service sections of this manual Note that the fuse rating for 100 amp 120 volt operation is different than the rating for 200 amp 240 volt operation Information about the proper fuse type is also printed on the rear panel of the instrument Refer fuse replacement to qualified service personnel Do Not Use in Explosive Environments WARNING The 2730A is not designed for operation in explosive environments Do not Operate Without Covers WARNING This device should be operated with all panels and covers in place Operation with missing panels or covers could result
34. the ON key to enable or disable the main output An annunciator appears in the upper right hand corner of the LCD when the output is enabled Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Rear Panel I nput Connectors The rear panel has three input BNC connectors MODULATION IN TRIG IN and REF IN Modulation In Connector 5 Vp p signal for 100 modulation 10 kQ input impedance with DC 20 kHz minimum bandwidth Modulation In 5 Vp p for 100 modulation 10 KQ input impedance DC to 20 kHz minimum bandwidth Trig In Connector Use this connector to apply a positive external TTL trigger or gate signal depending on the waveform generator setting to the generator Trigger In TTL compatible Maximum rate 10 MHz Minimum width 50 ns Input impedance 1 kQ nominal Ref In Ref Out Connector Use this connector to input a 10 MHz TTL signal to be used as a reference clock Reference In Out 10 MHz TTL compatible Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing BNC Input and Output Connections cont d Rear Panel Output Connectors The rear panel has two output BNC connectors REF In Out and Marker Out Ref In Out Connector A 10 MHz TTL output signal is available for synchronization of external units when the 2730A is not in External Reference mode Reference IN OUT 10 MHz TTL compatible Marker Out Connector The marker o
35. the command syntax Bit 6 User Request URQ This bit is not used Bit 7 Power On PON This bit is set when the device is powered on The SESR is queried using the ESR common query The SESR is paired with an enable register the Standard Event Status Enable Register SESER This register enables one or more events in the SESR to be reflected in the Status Byte ESB summary message bit The bits of the SESER correspond to those of the SESR Setting a bit in the SESER enables the corresponding event to set the ESB bit when it occurs The SESER is set with the ESE common command and queried with the ESE command query The Error Queue The error queue is used to store codes of errors detected in the device It is implemented as a cyclic buffer of length 10 When the error queue is not empty bit EVQ in the Status Byte is set The error queue is read with either one of the following two queries SYSTEM ERROR STATUS QUEUE NEXT The first error in the queue is returned and the queue is advanced Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Error Codes Programming and Interfacing The negative error codes are defined by SCPI Positive codes are specific to the instrument The error message is returned in the form error number error description A table of error numbers and their descriptions is presented here No error reported 0 No error Command Errors A command error is in the range
36. to 49 setups may be stored in the 2730A Location zero is reserved for factory defaults and location 50 is reserved for the last settings before the unit was powered down Simply choose to recall or to store a memory location by pressing the F1 RECALL OR F3 STORE keys entering which location to read or write to and then pressing ENTER to activate or save the specified settings Utility UTIL Press this key to access the utility menu The utility menu allows the user to F1 GPIB Selects the GPIB address of the 2730A and enables GPIB operation F2 RS232 Sets the RS232 baud rate and enables RS 232C operation F3 INTEN Sets the LCD intensity F4 POWER Defines which stored setup will resume on every power up Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Quick Start Instructions Downloading a Waveform from WaveWorks DDS to the I nstrument 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Start WaveWorks DDS by double clicking the icon Select the instrument model number by pressing File gt Instruments gt Model 2730 Create the desired waveform by using the tools in WaveWorks DDS or importing a txt data file Define the RS 232 settings in WaveWorks DDS by pressing Communication gt Send Waveform gt RS 232 a Define the start and length of the waveform data b Set the port number and baud rate use 19200 for this example On the 2730A press UTIL gt RS 232 set the baud to 19200 and press ENTER Con
37. used to read the value of the Status Byte Type Common Query Syntax STB Response NR1 The value of the Status Byte read with the STB query may differ from that read with the Serial Poll Bit 6 of the STB will be set as long as a reason for requesting service exists while bit 6 of the STB as read by the Serial Poll is cleared by the Serial Poll Device Trigger Commands a TRG Trigger command This command is analogous to the IEEE 488 1 Group Execute Trigger interface message and has the same effect It is used to trigger the device to output a wave and is accepted only when the trigger mode is set to Trigger Gate or Burst and the trigger source is set to BUS Type Common Command Syntax TRG Stored Settings Commands 5 28 a RCL Recall instrument state This command is used to restore the state of the device to that stored in the specified memory location Arguments Type lt NRf gt Range 0 to 49 Non integer values are rounded before execution Type Common Command Syntax RCL lt ws gt lt NRf gt Example RCL 0 Recall default state RCL 49 Stored setting location 49 stores the last instrument setting before power down TEGAM Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing b SAV Save instrument state This command is used to store the current instrument state in the specified memory location Arguments Type lt NRf gt Range 1 to 49
38. uu am ee dede dot ode Totale fia ee tees edad qun 5 18 dinge 1TH H 5 20 Table 5 2 Summary of Command 5 20 Table 5 3 Summary of Execution Errors 5 21 Table 5 4 Summary of Device Specific 5 21 Table 5 5 Summary of Query Errors 5 22 Table 5 6 Summary of System Events 5 22 Table 5 7 Summary of Warnings 5 23 d Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Table of Contents V PROGRAMMING AND INTERFACING CONT D IEEE 488 2 Common Commands sss e emnes 5 24 Instrument Control Commands 0 cc cece eee eee ee eee s eene 5 29 SOURCE SUBSYSTEM tuit soba oreet beg held deals 5 30 OUTPut nenne 5 50 TRIGger SuDySt mm u uuu evden fata ben cada un dane eed ebb ei 5 51 ARBitrary SU bSyStelm ios eoa iienaa dian Dabei ered Detur ea Dra se rd 5 53 STATUS SUBSYSTEM Ree xU ROME RR ERROR 5 63 System Subsystem x tiet eee tede dete nt gu
39. waveform generator ignores the rtl message locking out any changes made from the front panel I EEE 488 2 I nterface Function Subsets IEEE Standard 488 2 identifies the interface function repertoire of a device on the bus in terms of interface function subsets These subsets are defined in the standard Table C 1 lists the subsets that apply to the waveform generator NOTE For more information refer to IEEE Standard 488 2 The standard is published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc 345 East 47 Street New York New York 10017 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing FUNCTI ON Source Handshake Acceptor Handshake Basic Talker Basic Listener Service Request Remote Local Parallel Poll Device Clear Device Trigger Controller Electrical Interface 5 84 Table 5 9 Interface Function Subsets SUBSET CAPABILITY Complete capability Complete capability Responds to Serial Poll Untalk if My Listen Address MLA is received Unlisten if My Talk Address MTA is received Complete capability Complete capability including Local Lockout LLO PP Does not respond to Parallel Poll Complete capability DT1 Complete capability 0 No controller functions T E2 Three state drive capability Ue Service Information INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION PREPARATION FOR USE QUICK START INSTRUCTIONS OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS PROGRAMMING amp INT
40. 00 Click on INSERT gt SINE Select Start Point 1001 Length 1000 Scale 0 50 Offset 0 00 Click on INSERT gt SINE Select Start Point 2001 Length 1000 Scale 0 50 Offset 0 00 Click on INSERT gt DC 0 Select Start Point 3001 Length 2000 Scale N A Offset 0 00 1 Click on COMMUNICATION SEND WAVEFORM gt RS232 NOTE Be sure to use the proper RS 232 communications cable type 12 Select Start Point 1 Length 5000 13 Select PORT COM1 Baud Rate 19200 make sure the instrument is set for 19 200 14 Apply power to 2730A 15 On 2730A press UTIL gt F2 RS232 set Baud 19200 using rotary knob 16 Click Send In the WaveWorks DDS window 17 Wave data will be transmitted to the Model 2730A The message Remotely Controlled RS232 will be displayed on the Model 27304A s display uic ad PLE UP LE S Display the Waveform on an Oscilloscope 1 WAVE 2 F5 ARB 3 F1 START 4 1 5 F2 LENGTH 6 5000 7 F5 PREV 8 MODE 9 F1 CONT 10 ON enable the main output Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Quick Start I nstructions General Tips for Usage Connecting to the Main Output Use a good quality BNC cable to connect to the main output Verify that the load impedance is 50 Q Load impedances higher than 50 Q will result in higher output magnitudes and reflections in the output at high frequencies Impedances lower than 50 Q will result
41. 000 Rounding to integer value Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax ARBitrary PROTect RANGe ws start end Examples ARB PROT 1 1E3 Query Syntax ARBitrary PROTect RANGe Response lt protect start gt lt protect end gt in NR1 format Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Memory Protection State ARBitrary PROTect STATe Boolean This command is used to enable or disable arbitrary waveform write protection Arguments Type Boolean Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax ARBitrary PROTect STATe lt ws gt ON 1 OFF O Example ARB PROT STAT ON Query Syntax ARBitrary PROTect STATe Response Oji Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Predefined Waveforms ARB PRED lt shape gt lt start address length scale This command is used to load the waveform memory with a specific type of waveform Arguments Shape Type Options Start Address Type Range Rounding Length Type Range SIN SQU TRI NOIS ANO URAMP DRAMP SINXX EXPUP EXPDN GAUS Rounding Scale Type Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Character SINusoid SQUare TRIangle NOISe Pseudo Random Noise ANOise Noise added to the current waveform URAMP DRAMP SINXX EXPUP EXPDN GAUS Numeric The MIN and MAX forms both set the address t
42. 3 octal decimal TEGAM 5 77 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Block Transfer 5 78 Arbitrary waveform data sent in IEEE488 2 arbitrary block format may take two forms the definite form and the indefinite form The essential difference between these forms is that the definite form contains a byte count while the indefinite form does not In both cases the format of the command is ARB DATA ws preamble data terminator The data represents the arbitrary waveform data This field consists of 8 bit bytes sent in hexadecimal form Each arbitrary data point consists of two bytes with the high byte being sent first When sending data in this way the value of a data point may range from 8191 corresponding to the negative peak to 8191 corresponding to the positive peak The value 0 corresponds to zero baseline Compare the ASCII or front panel representation which defines data in the range 8191 to 8191 Example to set a data value to zero send the Hex bytes 0800 The definite form lt preamb4 gt consists of two fields The first is a single byte representing the number of digits in the byte count The byte count is the second field in the preamble and consists of decimal bytes 0 9 which when taken together give the byte count For example the preamble 42563 means that the byte count consists of 4 bytes and that the byte count is 2563
43. 4 V 47 Hz to 63 Hz It is recommended that the fuse size be matched to the supply voltage before powering the unit First determine the supply voltage that the instrument will be operating under and verify that the supply voltage does not fall outside of the allowable operating range 90 to 264 VAC Then select the appropriate fuse size using the table below 110 120 5 X 20 mm VAC 1 A Slow Blow 250 V 220 240 5 X 20 mm 0 5 A VAC 250 V Make sure that the proper fuse size is installed Use a slow blow fuse UL CSA approved for 110 V operation and an IEC127 fuse for 220 V The proper fuse types and ratings can be found on the rear panel The instrument is ready for power up Proceed to Quick Start Instructions or Operating Instructions to continue with setup amp operation Quick Start I nstructions INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION PREPARATION FOR USE QUI CK START INSTRUCTI ONS OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS PROGRAMMING amp INTERFACING SERVICE INFORMATION APPENDIX Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator 3 1 3 2 Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Quick Start Instructions I ntroduction The Model 2730A is a versatile product which can be used in many different configurations Virtually any wave type can be created and produced at the instrument s output Because of its ability to operate as a function generator or arbitrary waveform generator it is highly recommended that the e
44. ALE EXEC SELECT DATA VALUE VALUE SELECT VALUE COPY CLEAR PROT SHOW PREV SELECT SE SELECT WAVE SELECT FROM LENG TO EXEC VALUE VALUE VALUE SELECT FROM TO ALL EXEC PREV VALUE VALUE SELECT SELECT SELECT FROM TO ALL ON PREV VALUE VALUE gt SELECT OFF SELECT SELECT Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d WAVE WAVE Menu cont d Displays the waveforms available F1 SINE F2 SQR F3 TRI F4 PULSE Freg 1 000 000 00 KHz SQUARE Duty Cycle 28z Waveform Menu Selects the sine waveform Selects the square waveform and allows the waveform duty cycle to be changed from 20 to 80 up to 5 MHz and 40 to 60 5 to 20 MHz Frequencies from 20 MHz to 50 MHz are automatically set to 50 duty Selects the triangle waveform and displays the waveform symmetry that can be changed from 10 to 90 The triangle maximum frequency is 500 kHz Selects the pulse waveform and allows for parameter definition NOTE The pulse parameters are interrelated therefore setting one parameter may limit the range of another parameter For example setting the frequency or period will limit the maximum allowable pulse width Below is a summary of constraints for defining a pulse Width lt Period Width Period 1 E 6 Width Rise Fall Period gt Width
45. ASCII 0A b The GPIB EOI bus line being set true on the last byte of the message C LF being sent with EOI true The Program Message Unit can be divided into three sections as follows a Program Header The Program Header represents the operation to be performed and consists of ASCII character mnemonics Two types of Program Headers are used in the 2730A Instrument control headers and Common Command and Query headers A Program Header may consist of more than one mnemonic in which case the mnemonics are separated from each other by the colon For instrument control commands the mnemonics are specified by the SCPI standard and indicate the tree structure of the command set The first mnemonic indicates the subsystem being controlled Common Command and Query Program Headers consist of a single mnemonic prefixed by an asterisk Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing 5 14 The mnemonics consist of upper or lower case alpha characters Mnemonics may be written in either the long form in which the entire mnemonic is written out or the short form in which only a specified portion of the mnemonic is written out Some mnemonics have only one form due to their short length Where a command is described the portion appearing in upper case is the short form Only the short form or the long form may be used Example The command to set the frequency to 1KHZ may be written in t
46. ASe adjust This command controls the phase adjustment Arguments Type Numeric Units one degrees implied Range 180 to 180 other values converted to this range Rounding to integer Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce JPHASe ws phase SOURce PHASe lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Examples SOURce PHASe 500NS Query Syntax SOURce PHASe ws MINimum MAXimum Response NR3 PULSe setting The following commands control the pulse function Note the following pulse constraints Width Period Width Period 1 E 6 Width Rise Fall Period gt Width Rise Fall Rise Width 100 or Rise 01 us Fall Width 100 or Fall 01 us Rise gt Period 100 000 or Rise 01 us Fall gt Period 100 000 or Fall 01 us PULSe PERiod This command sets the pulse period to the specified value NOTE This also sets the pulse frequency Arguments Type Numeric Units S ms us NS Range 40 ns 2000 s Rounding 4 digits Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce PULse PERiod ws value SOURce PULse PERiod lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Examples SOURce PULse PERiod 500NS Query Syntax SOURce PULse PERiod ws MINimum MAXimum Response NR3 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing 5 48 PULSe WIDth This command pulse width to the specified value Arguments Type Units Range Rounding
47. CT SELECT Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d MODE Trigger MODE Menu Selects the output mode CONT Continuous TRIG Triggered GATE Gated BURST Burst and PHASE Phase Offset Mode In TRIG or BURST modes the address counter always stops at the last data point of the waveform The value of the last data point is held at the output until another trigger is received To select the output mode press MODE then press the function key that corresponds to the desired Mode menu option as shown Freg 1 000 000 00 KHz Mode Cont Trigger Mode Menu F1 CONT Selects continuous trigger mode The waveform is repeated indefinitely F2 TRIG Selects trigger mode where one output cycle of the selected waveform executes for each trigger event See the next section for a description of sub menu F3 GATE The Gated Mode triggers output cycles as long as the trigger source asserts the gate signal See the next section for a description of sub menu F4 BRST The Burst triggers the output N output cycles for each trigger event where N ranges from 2 to 999 999 See the next section for a description of sub menu F5 PHASE Phase Selects the start phase of the signal in non continuous modes This function is available for Sine Square Pulse and Triangle DDS wave types and not for arbitrary waveforms Pressing F1 PHASE allows a value from 360
48. ERFACING SERVI CE INFORMATI ON APPENDIX Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator 6 1 6 2 Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Service I nformation Warranty TEGAM Inc warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of three years from the date of shipment During this warranty period if a product proves to be defective TEGAM Inc at its option will either repair the defective product without charge for parts and labor or exchange any product that proves to be defective TEGAM Inc warrants the calibration of this product for a period of 12 months from date of shipment During this period TEGAM Inc will recalibrate any product which does not conform to the published accuracy specifications In order to exercise this warranty TEGAM Inc must be notified of the defective product before the expiration of the warranty period The customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the product to the designated TEGAM service center with shipping charges prepaid TEGAM Inc shall pay for the return of the product to the customer if the shipment is to a location within the country in which the TEGAM service center is located The customer shall be responsible for paying all shipping duties taxes and additional costs if the product is transported to any other locations Repaired products are warranted for the remaining balance of the original warr
49. Hz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d WAVE WAVE Menu cont d Arbitrary Waveform Edit Menu F4 MORE F1 COPY Displays more editing functions as shown Hz 0 00 V Arbitrary Waveform Edit More Menu Displays the Copy menu so that an area of waveform memory may be identified copied and then written to another location in waveform memory F1 FROM Selects the address of the first point to copy F2 LENG Selects the length number of points of the waveform to copy F3 TO Marks the destination address where the first point and subsequent points are pasted F4 EXEC Prompts you to confirm whether to copy Press F1 NO to abort copying F3 YES to copy F5 PREV Returns to previous menu Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d 4 22 WAVE WAVE Menu cont d F2 CLEAR F3 PROT Arbitrary Waveform Edit Menu Displays the Clear menu so that either a section of or all of waveform memory may be reset to zero data values F1 FROM Selects the address of the first point to clear F2 TO Selects the address of the last point to clear F3 ALL Clears the whole waveform memory Equivalent to selecting from 1 to 4 000 000 F4 EXEC Prompts you to confirm whether to clear Press F1 NO to abort clearing and F3 YES to clear the specified range of data
50. IEEE 488 1 Interface Messages Interface messages and the effects of those messages on the instrument interface functions are defined in IEEE Standard 488 1 1987 Where appropriate the GPIB code is listed in decimal UNL Unlisten 63 with ATN UNT Untalk 95 with ATN The UNL command places the listener function to its idle unaddressed state In this idle state the waveform generator cannot accept commands from the GPIB The UNT command places the talker function to its idle state In this idle state the waveform generator cannot output data through the GPIB When the talker and listener functions are idle the front panel ADRS indicator is off If the waveform generator is talk addressed or listen addressed the ADRS indicator lights IFC Interface Clear Bus pin 9 The IFC message places both the listener and talk functions to idle states When the talker and listener functions are idle the front panel ADRS indicator is off The IFC pulse is gt 100us DCL Device Clear 20 with ATN The Device Clear message resets GPIB communication That is the DCL message clears all input and output messages as well as all unexecuted settings SDC Selected Device Clear 4 with ATN The SDC message causes the same response as the DCL message However the waveform generator only responds if it is listen addressed Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing GET Group Execute Trigger 8 with ATN
51. Non integer values are rounded before execution Type Common Command Syntax SAV ws NRf Example SAV 25 Stored setting location O stores the factory defaults and is a read only location Location 50 stores a copy of the current instrument setting and it too is read only Instrument Control Commands Instrument control commands are grouped into logical subsystems according to the SCPI instrument model The commands are comprised of mnemonics indicating the subsystem to which the command belongs and the hierarchy within that subsystem When the command is to be referred to the Root node it should be prefixed with a colon Mnemonics appearing in square brackets are optional The character is used to denote a choice of specifications The ws is used to denote a white space character Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing SOURce Subsystem The Source Subsystem controls the frequency voltage amplitude modulation and clock source The command structure is as follows SOURce FREQuency CW FIXed numeric value PRATe numeric value FUNCEion SHAPe SINusoid SQUare TRIangle ARBitrary PULSe DCYCle numeric value VOLTage AC LEVel IMMediate AMPLitude lt numeric value gt OFFSet lt numeric value gt REFerence SOURCE INTernal EXTernal ROSCillator SOURCE INTernal EXTernal STATe Boolean DEPT
52. Operating I nstructions INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION PREPARATION FOR USE QUICK START INSTRUCTIONS OPERATI NG INSTRUCTI ONS PROGRAMMING amp INTERFACING SERVICE INFORMATION APPENDIX Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator 4 1 4 2 Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions General Description This section describes the displays controls and connectors of the TEGAM Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator All inputs outputs and instrument controls are located on the front or rear panels Front Panel Figure 4 1 Model 2730A Front Panel 1 ON OFF Switch Applies and removes AC power to the unit LCD Window Displays all instrument data and settings 3 F1 F5 Keys Selects the soft key menu options that appear on the second line of the LCD display Menus differ depending on the selected parameter function or mode 4 MENU Keys Select parameters functions or modes whose settings are to be displayed or changed 5 Rotary Knob Used to increment decrement numerical values or to navigate through the possible selections 6 Cursor Keys Used to move the cursor when visible to either left or right for parameter and data selection 7 Output ON Enables disables the main output signal The output status is displayed on the LCD 8 BNC Outputs Synchronous TTL output and Main Waveform output 9 Data entry Keys For numeric and units entry of waveform parameter
53. PIB instruments may skip these sections and go directly to where the individual command syntax is given Considering the relative newness of these standards it is recommended to all users to read the explanations given here Users wishing to gain further insight should consult the standards Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Device State The 2730A may be in one of four possible states described below The transition between states is defined by IEEE 488 1 Local State LOCS In the LOCS the device may be operated from the front panel only Its settings may be queried over the GPIB but not changed Commands that do not affect the signal being output by the instrument are accepted Local With Lockout State LWLS In the LWLS the device may be operated from the front panel only Its settings may be queried over the GPIB but not changed Commands that do not affect the signal being output by the instrument are accepted The difference between the LOCS and the LWLS is that from the LWLS the device may enter the Remote With Lockout State Remote State REMS In the REMS the device may be operated from the GPIB Actuating any front panel key will cause the device state to revert to the LOCS Remote With Lockout State RWLS In the RWLS the device is operable only from the GPIB Front panel operation may be returned by either sending an appropriate IEEE 488 2 command or by cycling the de
54. REN IER Da EEEE ENKE 6 3 Statement of Calibration sss eme me mene ee eee 6 3 Contact Information eene hne teste sensns 6 3 Parts ace RT 6 4 Jroubleshooting nr dane SE Eni HERE E PUN MEA Roda aa un 6 5 Preparation for Repair or calibration 6 6 Expedite Repair and Calibration Form 6 7 Model 2730A Performance Verification 6 8 VI APPENDIX ascen tu oye y Pus eean REEF Re RSEN NUS YE ENS aA Ea AE REN ES NF ones REN SE NES A 1 Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator e Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Eze Instrument Description INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION PREPARATION FOR USE QUICK START INSTRUCTIONS OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS PROGRAMMING amp INTERFACING SERVICE INFORMATION APPENDIX Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator 1 1 Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Instrument Description Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Instrument Description Instrument Description This manual contains information required to operate program and test the 2730 Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator This section covers the general description instrument specification
55. S SOURce SWEEP TIME ws MINimum MAXimum NR3 This command sets the start frequency of the sweep Arguments Type Units Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Examples Response Numeric MHz KHz Hz default Dependent on the frequency range of the current function The value is rounded to 4 digits Setting or Query SOURce SWEEP STARt ws frequency units SOURce JSWEEP STARt lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum SWEEP STARt 5KHZ SWEEP STARt 5E3 SWEEP STARt MAXIMUM SWEEP STARt MIN SOURce SWEEP STARt ws MAXimum MINimum SWEEP STARt SWEEP STARt MAX NR3 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing 5 46 Sweep STOP This command sets the stop frequency of the sweep Arguments Type Units Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Examples Response Numeric MHz KHz Hz default Dependent on the frequency range of the current function The value is rounded to 4 digits Setting or Query SOURce SWEEP STOP ws frequency units SOURce SWEEP STOP lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum SWEEP STOP 5KHZ SWEEP STOP 5E3 SWEEP STOP MAXIMUM SWEEP STOP MIN SOURce SWEEP STOP lt ws gt MAXimum MINimum SWEEP STOP SWEEP STOP MAX NR3 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Phase Control PH
56. Subsystem Tree OUTPut STATe SUMming ON OFF ON OFF Figure 5 6 TRIGger Subsystem Tree TRIGger MODE BURSt SOURce TIMer CONT value INT value TRIG EXT GATE MAN BURS BUS 5 73 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Figure 5 7 ARBitrary Subsystem Tree ARBitrary PRATe ADDRess value value DATA STARt LENGth SAVe value value value FORM lt start gt lt end gt CLEar lt start gt lt end gt PROTect prol EE start length destination lt start gt lt end gt ON OFF ADDRess 5 LENGth address ON OFF lt VALUE gt I dsl lt shape gt lt start address gt lt length gt lt scale gt d TEGAM Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Figure 5 8 STATus Subsystem Tree STATus OPERation EVENt CONDition ENABIe PTRansition NTRansition lt value gt lt value gt lt value gt QUEStionable EVENt CONDition T PTRansition NTRansition lt value gt lt value gt lt value gt MEN PRESet QUEue NEXT dor ae expression Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Figure 5 9 SYSTem Subsystem Tree SYSTem COMMunicate SECurity POBuffer VERSion EE STATe value ADDRess ON OFF
57. TEGAM Inc Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Instruction Manual PN 2730A 901 01 Publication Date July 2007 REV A Copyright 2007 TEGAM Inc All rights reserved NOTE This user s manual was as current as possible when this product was manufactured However products are constantly being updated and improved Because of this some differences may occur between the descriptions in this manual and the product received Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Table of Contents I INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION 1 1 Instrument DescriptiORn ioci sabanas ua tsa aus bein c der eta 1 3 Feature ese sese nne en seen 1 4 Model 2730A Accessories u ccc cece eee eee ee eee seems sensnm ense 1 5 Performance 5 1 6 Frequency mene 1 6 Arbitrary Characteristics 1 6 Output Characteristics 2 Eee ree th eie Wied 1 6 Waveform Characteristics 1 7 Operating en teme nte ie onde eed eto C 1 7 Modulation Characteristics esses mmm 1 7 Sweep Characteristics sess mme enne 1 8 Variable Phase eiie xx pe exce x ln eerie
58. TILITY Menu Figure 4 12 UTIL UTILITY Menu Tree UTIL GPIB RS232 INTEN POWER SUMON lt VALUE gt lt VALUE gt lt VALUE gt lt VALUE gt OFF lt SELECT gt UTIL UTILITY Menu Frey 1 000 000 00 KHz GPIB Address 9 Utility Menu Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Front Panel Keys cont d 4 36 UTIL UTILITY Menu cont d F1 GPI B F2 RS232 F3 INTEN F4 POWER Selects the GPIB mode of operation After selection the GPIB address can be set to any value from 1 to 31 using the rotary knob or data entry keys Press the ENTER key to set the address value The value is kept in a nonvolatile memory and is retained The factory default address is 9 Setting the address to 31 puts the device in the off bus state it will not respond to messages on the GPIB bus Selects the RS232 remote control mode After selection the baud rate can be selected as 1200 2400 9600 19200 38400 57600 or 115k The RS 232C interface is always set to 8 data bits 1 stop bit and no parity Intensity Selects the intensity of the LCD display Select a value using the numerical data keys or rotary knob Valid numeric values are from 1 to 31 The current value is stored in nonvolatile memory after a 20 second time out Power on default Selects the power on default setting Select a value using the data keys or the rotary knob The selection is effective after
59. The waveform generator responds to the Group Execute Trigger message only if it is listen addressed and the device trigger function is enabled The TRIGger MODE must be in TRIG CONTinuous or BURst and the TRIGger SOURce must be set to BUS to enable device triggering via GET SPE Serial Poll Enable 24 with ATN The SPE message generates output serial poll status bytes when talk addressed SPD Serial Poll Disable 25 with ATN The SPD message switches back to generating output data from the Output Buffer MLA My Listen Address GPIB Address 32 MTA My Talk Address GPIB Address 64 The instrument GPIB primary address establishes the listen and talk addresses To see the current GPIB primary address press SPECIAL and then F1 SYS on the front panel When the waveform generator is talk addressed or listen addressed the front panel ADRS indicator lights LLO Local Lockout 17 with ATN When the waveform generator is listen addressed the LLO message changes the waveform generator to the front panel lockout state REN Remote Enable GPIB pin 17 REN is normally held true by the controller and allows the controller to then put the waveform generator into one of the remote states Pulsing REN false or holding it false forces the device into local state LOCS NOTE If you disconnect and reconnect the GPIB cable when the controller is holding REN true the REN goes false and the device got to local state LOCS Model 2730A Func
60. XEC Execute the wave generation F5 PREV Return to the previous menu F2 FROM DATA Selects the starting point of the generated waveform and data value Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d WAVE WAVE Menu cont d Arbitrary Waveform Edit Menu F3 LENG Selects the length of the predefined waveform number of points for a full wave Different waveforms have different limitations on length as shown in Table 4 3 The maximum allowable length for a predefined waveform is 65 536 points Table 4 3 Length Limits for Predefined Waveforms Wave Minimum length Divisible by Noise 16 1 F4 SCALE Selects the scale factor of the waveform 100 means that the waveform spans the full scale of 8191 to 8191 Scale factors are limited by the point data value of the starting point and automatically calculated by the unit F5 EXEC Prompts you to confirm whether to execute the selected predefined waveform Press F1 NO to abort executing the predefined waveform Press F3 YES to execute the predefined waveform On the NOISE function a menu of F1 ADD and F3 NEW prompts the user to save the noise data as a new waveform or to add the noise data to the existing wave data in the specified data range Frey 400 0 Hz ADD TO Bel MM p Arbitrary Waveform gt Edit gt Predefined gt Type gt Noise gt Exec Menu Model 2730A 50 M
61. a giving the device more specific information about what is being queried In many cases the Query Message Unit may optionally be supplied with the MIN or MAX mnemonics as data This tells the device to return the minimum or maximum value to which the parameter may currently be set For example FREQ MAX will return the maximum value to which the frequency may currently be set TEGAM Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Not all Program Message units have query forms for example STATUS PRESET and some Program Message Units might have only the query form for example SYSTEM VERSION The instrument puts the response to the query into the output queue from where it may be read by the controller The Status Byte MAV bit is set to indicate to the controller that a response is ready to be read SCPI Command Structure SCPI commands are based on a hierarchical structure This allows the same instrument control header to be used several times for different purposes providing that the mnemonic occurs in a unique position in the hierarchy Each level in the hierarchy is defined as a node Mnemonics in the different levels are separated from each other by a colon The first Program Message Unit or command in a Program Message is always referenced to the root node Subsequent commands are referenced to the same level as the previous command A Program Message Unit having a colon as
62. abled the new value will be produced at the output The units keys are an alternative to pressing the ENTER key when setting numeric values for wave parameters Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Power On Settings At power on the waveform generator performs a diagnostic self test procedure to check itself for errors If it finds an error an error code and text appear in the display window Other error codes appear when you enter an invalid front panel setting For more information on error codes see the Error Indication section When the waveform generator finishes the diagnostic self test routine it enters the local state LOCS and assumes power on default settings Table 3 2 lists the factory default settings You can program the waveform generator for any settings you want at power on as described earlier in the UTIL section Table 4 4 Power on Default Settings Location O Key Function i Comments SWEEP MODULATION Modulation execution Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Instrument Operation Impedance Matching The waveform generator output circuit operates as a 50 2 voltage source and is designed for a 50 Q load At higher frequencies unterminated or improperly terminated outputs cause aberrations on the output waveform In addition loads less than 50 Q reduce the waveform ampl
63. anty or 90 days whichever period is longer Warranty Limitations The TEGAM Inc warranty does not apply to defects resulting from unauthorized modification or misuse of the product or any part This warranty does not apply to fuses batteries or damage to the instrument caused by battery leakage Statement of Calibration This instrument has been inspected and tested in accordance with specifications published by TEGAM Inc The accuracy and calibration of this instrument are traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology through equipment which is calibrated at planned intervals by comparison to certified standards maintained in the laboratories of TEGAM Inc Contact I nformation TEGAM INC 10 TEGAM WAY GENEVA OHIO 44041 PH 440 466 6100 FX 440 466 6110 EMAIL sales tegam com Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Service I nformation Repair Parts The Model 2730A has no user replaceable parts Available accessories are listed in Section I Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Service I nformation Troubleshooting The TEGAM Model 2730A has been designed to provide many years of trouble free performance However there are some instances where harsh operating environments or excessive physical strain may cause premature failure Should a malfunction of the 2730A be observed it is recommended that certain steps be taken in order to assist our service departm
64. are effective or external and then the external waveform determines deviation shape and frequency of modulation Arguments Type Character Options INTernal EXTernal Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce FM SOURce ws option Examples FM SOUR INT FM SOUR EXT Query Syntax SOURce FM SOURce Response INT EXT FSK modulation The following commands control the FSK modulation FSK STATe This command activates or deactivates FSK modulation Arguments Type Boolean Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce FSK STATe ws ON 1 OFF O Examples FSK STAT ON FM OFF Query Syntax SOURce FSK STATe Response Oji TEGAM uin Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing 5 42 FSK LOWFrequency This command sets the lower of the two frequencies used in FSK modulation Arguments Type Units Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Examples Response FSK HI Frequency Numeric MHz KHz Hz default The whole frequency range of the current function The value is rounded to 4 digits Setting or Query SOURce FSK LOWFrequency ws frequency units SOURce FSK LOWFrequency ws MINimum MAXimum FSK LOWFrequency 5KHZ FSK LOWF 5E3 FSK LOWF MAXIMUM FSK LOWF MIN SOURce JFSK LOWFrequency ws MAXimum MINimum FSK LOWF FSK LOWF MAX NR3 This command sets the
65. arizing an overlying Status Data Structure By examining the content of the STB the controller gains some information concerning the instrument s status The STB bits are defined as follows Bit 0 Unused Bit 1 Unused Bit 2 Error event queue summary message EVQ This bit is set if the queue is not empty Bit 3 Questionable Status summary message Bit 4 Message Available MAV summary message This bit is set whenever all or part of a message is available for the controller to read The controller may be ready to read the response message before it is available in which case it can either wait until this bit is set or it can start to read In the second case the controller timeout must be set so that the read action will not be aborted before the message has been read Bit 5 Event Status Bit ESB summary message This bit is set to indicate that one or more of the enabled standard events have occurred Bit 6 Request Service RQS This bit is set when the device is actively requesting service Bit 7 Operation Status summary message No Operation Status events are defined in the instrument and so this bit is never set The STB is read by the controller during a serial poll If the RQS bit was set it is then cleared The STB may also be read by the STB common query Service Request Enabling Service request enabling allows the user to select which Status Byte summary messages may cause the device to actively request servic
66. as the same effect as the TRG common command DCL Device Clear In response to the DCL the AWG does the following a Clears the input buffer and the output queue b Resets the Message Processing Functions SDC Selected Device Clear The response is as for the DCL message when device is addressed to listen LLO Local Lockout Sending LLO when device is addressed to listen and controller is asserting the REN line will put the device into Remote with Lock out state locking out the front panel Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing SCPI Command Trees Figure 5 3 Root Node Tree Root SOURce OUTPut TRIGger ARBitrary STATus SYSTem Figure 5 4 SOURce Subsystem Tree SOURce FR Quency WOLTage R Ference CWIFIXed LEVel SOURce TT docu value IMMediate INTI EXT DEPTh value SHAPe SIN SQU TRI FREQuency value SOURce INT EXT FM STATe ON OFF AMPLitude OFFSet DEViation value SHAPe SIN SQU TRI value value FREQuency value SOURce INT EXT FSK STATe ON OFF LOWEfrequency value HIFrequency value value SOURce INTJEXT STATe ON OFF SPACing LINIJLOG TIME value STARt value STOP value 5 72 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and I nterfacing Figure 5 5 OUTPut
67. ate a cycle or burst of the waveform 5 23 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing I EEE 488 2 Common Commands System Data Commands a IDN Identification query The identification query enables unique identification of the device over the GPIB This query should always be the last in a program message It returns a string with four fields Manufacturer name Model name Serial number 0 if not relevant Version number Command Type Common Query Syntax IDN Response Tegam 2730A 0 V1 XX b OPT Option identification query The Option Identification Query is used to identify device options over the system interface This query should always be the last in a program message Command Type Common Query Syntax OPT Response No option available Internal Operation Commands a RST Reset command The Reset command performs a device reset It causes the device to return to the factory default power up state Type Common Command Syntax RST b TST Self test query The self test query causes an internal self test to be performed This test consists of checking the integrity of the arbitrary waveform memory Type Common Query Syntax TST Response ASCII 0 if test passes ASCII 1 if test fails Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Synchronization Commands OPC Operation complete com
68. aveform using the following methods Entering individual data points Drawing lines between data points Creating a predefined waveform Combining of these methods NOTE You can use a software package such as WaveWorks DDS to create edit and upload download Arbitrary Waveforms WaveWorks DDS also has the ability to import waveform data in txt format WaveWorks DDS is included at no additional charge with the purchase of TEGAM 2720A 2725A amp 2730A For more information on additional waveform software solutions contact your local TEGAM sales office There is no need to use all 4 000 000 data points for one waveform You can program any number of waveforms into waveform memory keeping in mind the addresses where one waveform ends and the other begins Data to be executed may be specified by defining the starting point and data length Data to be executed may overlap into more than one wave segment This makes it possible to execute any predefined segment of waveform data contained within in RAM The waveform s frequency and amplitude are influenced by the number of data points and their bit value For further information on how the number of data points and their bit count influences the frequency and amplitude of a waveform refer to the Setting the Frequency and Setting the Amplitude sections respectively Example Text File Model 2730 129 257 384 509 633 etc Note Omit the A designation when importin
69. ay be reported The data structure is comprised of five 16 Bit registers Each bit represents a different status condition Bits 9 and 11 are used as follows Bit 9 Frequency trigger rate conflict Bit 11 Output overload The existence of these conditions is indicated in the CONDition register Bit 3 of the status byte is used to indicate the occurrence of a questionable status condition The conditions cause this bit to be set depending on the values of the other four registers The positive transition filter enables a bit in the event register to be set when a condition changes from false to true The negative transition register enables a bit in the event register to be set when a condition changes from true to false In order for the bit in the event register to be set the corresponding bit in the transition register must be set Bit 3 in the status byte will be set if a bit in the event register is set while the corresponding bit in the enable register is set Questionable Condition STATus QUEstionable CONDition This query is used to read the condition register Command Type Query only Query Syntax STATus QUES COND Response NR1 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing 5 66 Positive Transition Filter STAT QUES PTR This command is used to set and query the value of the positive transition filter Arguments Type Range Command Type Setting Syntax Example
70. ccording to EN61010 CE certified Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Instrument Description NOTE Specifications are verified according to the performance check procedures in the technical manual Specifications not verified in the manual are either explanatory notes or general performance characteristics only Preparation for Use INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION PREPARATI ON FOR USE QUICK START INSTRUCTIONS OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS PROGRAMMING amp INTERFACING SERVICE INFORMATION APPENDIX Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator 2 1 2 2 Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Preparation for Use Unpacking amp Inspection Each 2730A is put through a series of electrical and mechanical inspections before shipment to the customer Upon receipt of your instrument unpack all of the items from the shipping carton and inspect for any damage that may have occurred during transit Report any damaged items to the shipping agent Retain and use the original packing material for reshipment if necessary Upon Receipt inspect the carton for the following items Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator CD Model 2730A User s Manual WaveWorks DDS Wave Creation Software LabVIEW Drivers RS 232C Cable Power Cord 1 1 1 1 A Safety I nformation amp Precautions The following safety information applies to both operation and serv
71. command controls whether the output is ON or OFF Arguments Type Boolean Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax OUTPut S TATe ws ON 1 OFF O Examples OUTP STAT ON OUTP OFF Query Syntax OUTPut STATe Response oji Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Output Summing OUTPut SUMming state 0 1 This command controls whether the summing is ON or OFF Arguments Type Boolean Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax OUTPut SUMming ws ON 1 OFFJO Examples OUTP SUM OUTP SUM OFF Query Syntax OUTPut SUMming Response oji Trigger Subsystem The Trigger Subsystem is used to control the waveform triggering The command structure is as follows TRIGger MODE CONTinuous TRIGger GATE BURSt BURSt lt numeric value gt SOURce lt MANual INTernal EXTernal BUS TIMer lt numeric value gt Trigger Mode TRIGger MODE lt trigger mode gt This command is used to set the trigger mode It is not a standard SCPI command Arguments Type Character Options CONTinuous TRIGger GATE BURSt Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax TRIGger MODE lt ws gt lt option gt Examples TRIG MODE CONT TRIG MODE BURS Query Syntax TRIGger MODE Response CONT TRIG GATE BURS Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Trigger Source TRIGger SOURCe trigger source This command is used to se
72. ct the source of the arbitrary waveform clock This clock sets the arbitrary waveform point rate Arguments Type Character Options INTernal EXTernal Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce REFerence ws option Examples REF INT SOUR REF EXT Query Syntax SOURce REFerence Response INT EXT Function SOURce FUNCtion SHAPe The function command is used to set the type of waveform to be generated by the instrument Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce FUNCtion SHAPe WS OPTION Examples FUNC SIN FUNC ARB Query Syntax SOURce FUNCtion SHAPe Examples FUNC Response SIN TRI SQU ARB PUL Considerations The following functions are available SI Nusoid SQUare TRI angle ARBitrary PULse Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Point Rate SOURCe PRATe point rate This command is used to set the point rate It is coupled with the frequency of the waveform by the relation Frequency 1 Point Rate Wavelength Thus changing the point rate will result in a change in frequency Arguments Type Numeric Units S mS uS nS Range 8 nS to 100S Rounding To 4 digits Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURCe PRATe ws point rate units SOURCe PRATe lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Examples 500NS Query Syntax ARBitrary PRATe lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Response NR3 Mo
73. data 10 ENTER key Activates the current parameter or selection Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Display Window The Model 2730A has a graphic LCD display that can display up to 160x80 dots When you power the unit a parameter Frequency and its current settings appear in the display There is also a graphical representation of the current waveform on the LCD A soft key menu is located on the bottom of the LCD that corresponds to the function parameter or mode selected Front Panel Controls The front panel controls select display and change parameter function and mode settings They also include the keys used to program and generate a waveform output Use the rotary input knob and the cursor movement keys to enter data into the waveform generator To change a setting 1 Press the appropriate function parameter mode key 2 Use the 4 gt keys to adjust the cursor position 3 Usethe rotary input or the numerical units keyboard to change the value of the displayed item Changes take effect immediately or after the ENTER or units keys are pressed Front Panel Output Connectors The 2730A function arbitrary generator has two BNC connectors on the front panel SYNC OUT and MAIN OUTPUT Sync Out Connector This output provides a positive TTL sync pulse which is generated at the beginning of each function generator or arbitrary waveform cycle Its duration is the period o
74. data Boolean data indicate that the parameter can take one of two states ON or OFF The parameter may be character type or numeric ON or OFF A numeric value is rounded to an integer A non zero result is interpreted as 1 ON and a zero result as 0 OFF Queries return the values 0 or 1 iii NRf This is a decimal numeric data type where f 1 2 or 3 NR1 indicates an integer number NR2 indicates a fixed point real number and NR3 indicates a floating point real number iv Expression Data An expression is contained in parentheses This data type is used only with the STATus QUEue ENABle command v Numeric Value Program Data This data type defines numeric values as well as special cases of Character Data Numeric values may be specified in any of Integer Fixed Point or Floating Point format All parameters which have associated units accept a suffix which may be specified using upper or lower case characters When the suffix is not specified the numeric value is accepted in the default units which are Hertz for frequency Seconds for time and Volts for voltage To set the frequency to 1KHz we can send one of the following commands FREQ 1000 FREQ 1E3 The special forms of character data accepted as numbers are MAXimum sets the parameter to its maximum value MINimum sets the parameter to its minimum value For example to set the frequency to it s maximum value we can send the command FREQ MAX Mod
75. del 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing AM Modulation The following commands control the AM modulation AM STATe This command activates or deactivates AM modulation Arguments Type Boolean Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce AM STATe ws ON 1 OFF O Examples SOURCe AM STAT ON AM OFF Query Syntax SOURce JAM STATe Response oji AM DEPTh This command sets the AM modulation depth in Arguments Type Numeric Units none implied Range O to 100 Rounding to integer Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce AM DEPTh lt ws gt lt percent depth SOURce AM DEPTh lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Examples AM DEPTh 50 Query Syntax AM DEPTh lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Response NR3 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing AM SHAPe This command selects the AM modulating waveform shape Arguments Type Character Options SINusoid TRIangle SQUare Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce JAM SHAPe ws SIN TRI SQU Examples SOURce AM SHPE SIN AM SHAPE TRI Query Syntax SOURce JAM SHAPe Response SIN TRI SQU AM FREQuency This command sets the AM modulating waveform frequency Arguments Type Numeric Units MHz KHz Hz default Range Fmax 20 KHz Fmin 0 01 Hz Rounding The value is rounded to 4 digits Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax
76. die ete 5 68 IEEE 488 1 Interface Messages 5 71 SCPI Command Trees uu cece eee enses see ens senses eene 5 72 Figure 5 3 Root Node Tree 5 72 Figure 5 4 SOURce Subsystem 5 72 Figure 5 5 OUTPut Subsystem Tree 5 73 Figure 5 6 TRIGger Subsystem 5 73 Figure 5 7 ARBitrary Subsystem Tree 5 74 Figure 5 8 STATUS Subsystem 5 75 Figure 5 9 SYSTem Subsystem 5 76 Table 5 8 ASCII amp GPIB Code 5 77 Block bna e pud tee ta deepal Re RR UK EXR C sins Rire an 5 78 GPIB Communication 1 5 80 IEEE 488 2 Interface Function Subsets 5 83 Table 5 9 Interface Function 5 84 v SERVI CE INFORMATION 6 1 mirsi nm 6 3 Warranty Limitations si seis cece cede ceed depu e RR e EX
77. ds to set modulation modulation source and the function are inter related FM and FSK are not available for ARB function External source of modulation can be active for either FM or AM but not both FSK and FM cannot be active at the same time d Sweep start and sweep stop frequencies must be distanced more than the minimum allowed for sweep to function correctly Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Block Data Arbitrary waveform values may be sent to the device in one of three formats a ASCII values b Definite form arbitrary data and C Indefinite form arbitrary data Essentially we would like to check the execution validity of all the data of a command before execution When downloading a long arbitrary waveform however it is not possible to check all the data sent before execution since this would require excessive amounts of memory The following compromise has therefore been reached An arbitrary waveform is limited in length only by the amount of waveform memory Each point is checked and then written to memory If an invalid value is detected all subsequent values are discarded and an execution error is flagged Querying arbitrary waveform data will result in a Response Message containing only as many points as the user requested Instrument Identification The IDN common query is used to read the instrument s identification string The string returned is as follows Tegam
78. e Should the input buffer be filled up by the controller faster than the device can remove the bytes and decode them the bus handshake is not completed until room has been made for more bytes in the buffer This prevents a fast controller from overrunning the device with data If the user has sent part of a Program Message but not the Program Message Terminator and he wishes to abort the message decoding and execution the Device Clear command may be sent or front panel operation resumed in REMS only The Output Queue The device has a 100 byte long output queue in which it stores response messages for the controller to read If at the time a response message is formatted the queue contains previously formatted response messages such that there is not enough place in the queue for the new message the device will put off putting the message in the queue until there is room for it When the Status Byte MAV bit is set it indicates that all or part of a response message is ready to be read Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Response Messages The device sends a Response Message in response to a valid query All queries return a single Response Message Unit In only one case is the Response Message generated when the response is read as opposed to when the response is parsed and this is when querying Arbitrary Waveform data All other queries generate the Response Message when they are pa
79. e This is achieved using the Service Request Enable Register which is an 8 bit register whose bits correspond to those of the STB The RQS bit in the STB is set when a bit in the STB is set and its corresponding bit in the service request enable register is set The service request enable register is set using the SRE common command and read using the SRE common query Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Standard Event Status Register The Standard Event Status Register SESR is defined by IEEE 488 2 It is implemented in the instrument as a byte whose bits have the following definitions Bit 0 Operation Complete OPC This bit is set in response to the OPC common command being executed Bit 1 Request Control RQC Not implemented Bit 2 Query Error QYE This bit is set when either the controller is attempting to read data from the device when none is available or when data prepared for the controller to read has been lost Bit 3 Device Specific Error DDE This bit is set to indicate that a device operation did not execute due to some device condition For example trying to recall an uninitialized device stored setting Bit 4 Execution Error EXE This bit is set when the device could not execute a command due to the command being outside of it s capabilities For example an out of range parameter Bit 5 Command Error CME This bit is set to indicate an error in
80. e data will be transmitted to the Model 2730A The message Remotely Controlled RS232 will be displayed on the Model 2730A s display n OTT pd To display the data on an oscilloscope WAVE F5 ARB F1 START 1 F2 LENGTH 11101101101 F5 PREV MODE F1 CONT ON Note To save the data in flash memory press the SETUPS key and then select FA SAVE ARB The instrument will prompt an Executing message as it stores the new waveform Programming I nterfacing INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION PREPARATION FOR USE QUICK START INSTRUCTIONS OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS PROGRAMMI NG amp INTERFACI NG SERVICE INFORMATION APPENDIX Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator 5 1 5 2 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing BNC Input and Output Connections Front Panel Output Connectors The function generator has two BNC connectors on the front panel SYNC OUT and MAIN OUTPUT Sync Out Connector In standard or arbitrary waveform mode this output provides a positive TTL sync pulse generated at the beginning of each waveform cycle The frequency of the pulse follows the output frequency of the standard wave at a 50 duty cycle Sync Out TTL pulse at programmed frequency 50 source impedance Main Output Connector Use this connector to transfer the main output signal from the function generator to a compatible 500 input Use
81. e device occurred The DDE bit bit 3 of the Standard Event Status Register is set Table 5 4 Summary of Device Specific Errors ERROR DESCRI PTI ON ERROR DESCRIPTION CODE CODE 315 Configuration memory lost 350 Queue overflow Device memory has been lost Error codes have been lost due to more than 10 errors being reported without being read 330 Self test failed 5 21 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and I nterfacing Query Errors A query error indicates that the output queue control has detected a problem This could occur if either an attempt was made to read data from the instrument if none was available or when data were lost Data could be lost when a query causes data to be formatted for the controller to be read and the controller sends more commands without reading the data Table 5 5 Summary of Query Errors ERROR DESCRI PTI ON ERROR DESCRIPTION CODE CODE 410 Query INTERRUPTED 430 Query DEADLOCKED Data were sent before the entire response The input buffer and output queue are full of a previous query was read and the controller is attempting to send more data In this case the output queue and input buffers will be cleared Parsing will resume after the END message is detected 420 Query UNTERMINATED 440 Query UNTERMINATED after indefinite An attempt was made to read a response before the complete program message
82. e exact pin out signal definition and signal direction for the devices The serial interface implements the same SCPI command set as the GPIB interface The instrument is programmed by sending ASCII coded characters to the instrument When the instrument is in the remote mode remote command input has priority over any front panel control Therefore as long as the serial interface is continuously supplied with data the front panel keys will appear to be inoperative to the user The instrument accepts a carriage return CR as an end of string EOS terminator and sends both a CR and LF as the EOS terminator Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing GPIB Interface Overview This section provides detailed information on programming the Model 2730A via the IEEE 488 bus GPIB General Purpose Interface Bus The Model 2730A is programmable over the GPIB bus and its message protocol is compatible with IEEE 488 2 The device command set is compatible with the SCPI 1992 0 standard Figure 5 2 GPIB Connector Pin Assignments SIGNAL GROUND SHIELD CONNECT TO EARTH TWISTED PAIR WITH 11 TWISTED PAIR WITH 10 TWISTED PAIR WITH 9 TWISTED PAIR WITH 8 TWISTED PAIR WITH 7 GROUND TWISTED PAIR WITH 6 REN DIO 8 DIO 7 DIO 6 005 The command syntax as defined by the IEEE 488 2 SCPI standards is briefly explained in the following sections Users who have experience programming G
83. e in frequency Arguments Type Numeric Units s ms us NS Range 8nS to 100S Rounding to 4 digits Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax ARBitrary PRATe lt ws gt lt point rate units ARBitrary PRATe lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Examples ARB PRAT 100NS Query Syntax ARBitrary PRATe lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Response NR3 did TEGAM Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Address Programming and I nterfacing ARBitrary ADDRess address This command sets the current address of the waveform It is used to determine to where arbitrary data are to be written Arguments Type Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Response Data Numeric 1 to 4 000 000 to integer value Setting or Query ARBitrary ADDRess ws address ARBitrary ADDRess lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum ARB ADDR 100 ARBitrary ADDRess lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum NR1 ARBitrary DATA lt data gt This command is used to set the values of the waveform Arguments Type Numeric Range Rounding Binary Range Command Type Setting Syntax Numeric Example Arbitrary Block Examples Definite Indefinite Query Syntax Response Numeric Definite form arbitrary block Indefinite form arbitrary block 8191 to 8191 ASCII to integer value 001H to 3FFFH BINARY Setting or Query ARBitrary DATA lt ws gt lt numeric gt lt numeric ARB
84. e not detailed in this manual The following shows the STATus structure used STATus PRESet QUEue NEXT ENABIe QUEStionable CONDition PTRansition lt NRf gt NTRansition lt NRf gt EVENt ENABle lt NRf gt Status Preset STATus PRESet This command is used to set certain status values to defined values a The OPERation and QUEstionable enable registers are cleared b The Positive transition filters are set to 32767 C The Negative transition filters are set to 0 d Only errors in the range 440 100 are enabled to be reported in the event queue Command Type Setting only Setting Syntax STATus PRESet Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing 5 64 Error Queue Read STATus QUEue This query returns the first entry in the error queue and removes that entry from the queue Its function is identical to that of the SYSTem ERRor query Command Type Query only Query Syntax STATus QUEue NEXT Response Error number error description Error Queue Enable STATus QUEue ENABIe This command is used to enable individual errors to be placed in the queue when they occur Those errors not specified in the ENABle command are disabled from being reported in the error queue Errors and events enabled to be reported at power on depends on the Power on Status Clear status set with the PSC common command If PSC is set the status is cleared on po
85. e sine triangle square noise sinx x gaussian exponential up down and ramp up down In addition custom wave types may be created edited and downloaded using WaveWorks DDS or other software solutions offered by TEGAM The instrument can be remotely operated via the standard GPIB IEEE 488 2 or RS 232C interfaces and is SCPI compatible Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Instrument Description Feature Overview 1 4 DDS Flexibility with Arbitrary Waveform Precision TEGAM s 2730A combines the advantages of a true arbitrary waveform generator with the advantages of a direct digital synthesis DDS generator Its proprietary design makes the 2730A extremely versatile for sweep modulation pulse and integration applications without losing valuable arbitrary wave data through unnecessary digital processing Standard Waveforms from 1 Hz to 50 MHz In the function generator mode sine and square waves are available from 1 to 50 MHz Triangle ramp waveforms are available from 1 uHz to 5 MHz Pulse waveforms may be produced from 500 uHz to 25 MHz Internal External AM FM or FSK functions Model 2730A has the capability to modulate standard waveforms from an internal or external 0 V to 5 V source AM amp FM are available from 0 01 Hz to 20 kHz FSK is available from 0 01 Hz to 1 MHz internally and limited to 1 MHz externally Arbitrary Wave Creation In addition to operating as a function generator the
86. e specified address F3 LENGTH Allows the marker width to be defined FA ON OFF Enables or disables the marker F5 PREV Returns to the previous menu Note Changing one of the arbitrary parameters such as start length or marker causes immediate updating of the output waveform to the new parameter settings Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d WAVE WAVE Menu cont d Arbitrary Waveform Menu F4 EDIT Menu F1 POINT Enters data for creating arbitrary waveforms You can enter data one point at a time as a value at an address draw a line from one point a value at an address to another point create a predefined waveform or combine these to create complex waveforms The valid amplitude data values range from 8091 to 8091 The valid waveform memory addresses range from 1 to 4 000 000 The data value governs the output amplitude of that point of the waveform scaled to the instrument s output amplitude Therefore a value of 8091 corresponds to positive peak amplitude O corresponds to the waveform offset and 8191 corresponds to the negative peak amplitude Freq 1 000 KHz Ampl5 00 i 0 00 aei ad Lad Arbitrary Waveform Edit Menu This menu allows the point by point waveform editing When selected the following menu is displayed Arbitrary Waveform gt gt Edit gt Pc Point Ment Menu Model 2730A 50 MHz Funct
87. ear panel 2 Verify that the output frequency is 10 MHz 20 ppm The following procedures require the instrument to be reset to the default settings Please save pertinent waveform data contained in the 2730A to a PC or disk before proceeding to the next test Reset the instrument to the factory default settings by depressing SETUPS F1 0 ENTER Waveform Rise Fall Time Use the shortest possible BNC cables when performing Rise Fall time verification Set Amplitude to 10 Vp p Depress the WAVE switch Depress F2 to select the Square Wave Connect OUTPUT to the oscilloscope input Be sure it is terminated with the 50Q load Ensure that the OUTPUT ON indicator is active on the upper right hand corner of the LCD If not depress the ON switch above the OUTPUT connector 5 Verify the rise and fall times of the square wave to be less than 6 ns 10 to 90 pM Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Service Information Model 2730A Performance Verification cont d DC Offset Accuracy ON HW Select a SINE wave with a frequency of 1 kHz and 1 00 Vp p amplitude Connect OUTPUT to the DMM input with the 509 load Set OFST to 4 50 V Set the DMM to DC measurement and verify the DC Offset measures between 4 445 V and 4 555 V Set OFST to 900 mV Verify that DC Offset measures between 0 881 V and 0 919 V Set OFST to 90 mV Verify that DC Offset measures between 0 0791 V and 0 1009 V
88. ece cece eect eee Innen 4 33 Figure 4 11 Setups Menu Tree 4 33 Front Panel KEYS qta qamuuwasqalaqfkayq wataqa qaqaq qha 4 35 UTIL Utility 4 35 Figure 4 12 Utility Menu Tree 4 35 e Ee B qm 4 37 lt gt Cursor Movement 4 37 Rotary Input Knob iie nee nde wee ee mes eleme pa d on 4 37 Power On Settings ine dux oet cte sube Liven rob o Ra Peu waka PER eR DE 4 37 ENTER Enter Key a rr 4 37 UNITS 4 37 Power ON Settlrigs aqa stele 60 eau ev ten 4 38 Table 4 4 Power On Default Settings Location 0 4 38 Instrument Operation eiii cente eek Dern dne tu eae dee eee enne esee me Pe dx 4 39 Impedance Matching ii ois u cte sue ense Dnm 4 39 Waveform and Execution 4 24 2 2 4 22 4 40 Displaying ErFOFrS ici eek Ex ete wena eet eesti Exe nee en pe dx Kn 4 41 Table 4 5 Error Messages for 2730 4 41 Using the Model 2730A 4 42 Generating a Standard
89. el 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing 5 16 vi Arbitrary Block Data The Arbitrary block data type is used to send arbitrary waveform data to the instrument In this data type the waveform points are specified in binary format and each point consists of two bytes Two types of arbitrary block data are defined by IEEE 488 2 Definite Form The Definite Form has the structure Byte Count Length Byte Count 8 bit byte The Byte Count Length consists of a single ASCII digit from 1 to 9 It tells the parser how many digits are in the Byte Count The Byte Count is a decimal integer made up of the number of digits specified in the Byte Count Length It tells the parser how many 8 bit bytes are being sent Indefinite Form The Indefinite Form has the structure 0 8 bit byte LF EOI Some Program Message Units either require or can accept more than one data element Program data elements are separated from each other by the Program Data Separator It is defined as optional white space characters followed by a comma which in turn is followed by optional white space characters There are two types of Program Message Units Command Message Units and Query Message Units A Query differs from a Command in that the Program Header is terminated with a question mark For example the frequency might be queried with the following query FREQ Some Query Message Units accept dat
90. ency F3 F HI Defines the high frequency of the FSK This is referred to as the mark frequency F4 RATE Selects the rate of the alternation between the low and high frequencies F5 EXT INT Selects and enables the external FSK when the unit frequency is alternating between the low and high frequencies by an external signal applied to the Trig In connector When FSK is active the entire MODE menu is disabled Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d SETUPS SETUPS Menu Figure 4 11 SETUPS SETUPS Menu Tree SETUPS RECALL STORE SAVE VALUE VALUE ARB ENTER ENTER SETUPS SETUPS Menu The user can store the current front panel settings called a setup into one of 49 1 to 49 storage buffers Location 0 is the reserved location for factory default settings The 2730A automatically saves the instrument settings into memory location 50 every 10 seconds This way the last setting before power down may be retained for later use When you recall a setup the waveform generator restores the front panel settings to those that you stored in the selected buffer All waveform parameters amp settings except for the waveform memory data are stored in the setup locations When the instrument is in arbitrary waveform mode in addition to the RECALL and STORE keys an additional soft key SAVE ARB is available Freq 1 000 000 00 KHz Recall
91. ent in identifying the cause of the malfunction and to provide the quickest possible turn around time for the repair cycle Below is a summary of some commonly observed symptoms and some possible remedies for ruling out the possibilities of user error or environmentally related problems No Display The display is completely blank e Check the power supply Make sure that the AC line is operational and is supplying power to the unit e Check the fuse located in the rear panel If a blown fuse is identified there is usually a reason for the fuse blowing so the probability of another related problem is high Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Service I nformation Preparation for Repair or Calibration Service Once you have verified that the cause for 2730A problem cannot be solved in the field and the need for repair and calibration service arises contact TEGAM customer service to obtain an RMA Returned Material Authorization number You can contact TEGAM customer service via the TEGAM website www tegam com or by calling 440 466 6100 OR 800 666 1010 The RMA number is unique to your instrument and will help us identify your instrument and to address the particular service request by you which is assigned to that RMA number Of even greater importance a detailed written description of the problem should be attached to the instrument Many times repair turnaround is unnecessarily delayed due to a lack of repa
92. f the output waveform at a 50 duty cycle Parameters other than the frequency period are fixed Main Output Connector Use this connector to transfer the main output signal from the function generator to a compatible 50 load Use the ON key to enable or disable the main output An annunciator appears in the upper right hand corner of the LCD when the output is enabled Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating Instructions Rear Panel Figure 4 2 Model 2730A Rear Panel 1 BNC Inputs 2 BNC Outputs 3 GPIB 4 RS 232 Summing Input Modulation Input Trigger Input and Reference Input Connectors Reference clock and Marker Outputs for synchronizing multiple instruments IEEE 488 2 Bus Interface connector RS 232 communications connector Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Rear Panel I nput Connectors The rear panel has four input BNC connectors SUMMING IN MODULATION IN TRIG IN and REF IN OUT Summing In Connector Use this connector to apply an external analog signal that will be added to the output waveform A 5 Vp p signal is required for full scale output The input impedance is 500 Q Modulation In Connector 5 Vp p signal for 100 modulation 10 kQ input impedance with DC 20 kHz minimum bandwidth Trigger In Connector Use this connector to apply a positive external TTL trigger or gate signal depending on the
93. fication Test Data Appendix SPECIFICATIONS PREPARATION FOR USE QUICK START INSTRUCTIONS OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS PROGRAMMING amp INTERFACING SERVICE INFORMATION APPENDIX Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Appendix
94. firm that the 2730A instrument settings match WaveWorks settings Press the send button in the WaveWorks DDS Send Waveform screen The wave data created by WaveWorks DDS will download to the arb Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Quick Start Instructions Using WaveWorks DDS to Create an Arbitrary Waveform WaveWorks DDS is a basic wave creation tool offered as a standard accessory for TEGAM models 2720A 2725A 2732 and 2730A function arbitrary waveform generators With WaveWorks DDS the user has the ability to create modify and download a customized waveform using up to 9 standard waveform templates a freehand drawing tool insert function and other editing tools For more information on WaveWorks DDS and other advanced arbitrary waveform creation and editing software contact your local TEGAM sales office The example below demonstrates the basic use of WaveWorks DDS software Designed specifically for TEGAM s DDS based function arbitrary generators WaveWorks DDS eliminates the need for front panel wave editing which can be tedious and time consuming The exercise below demonstrates the creation of a 1 kHz sine wave burst of 3 complete cycles The frequency of the entire arbitrary waveform including the three sine bursts is 200 Hz Build the Waveform Start WaveWorks DDS Press File Instruments Model 2730 Click on INSERT gt SINE Select Start Point 1 Length 1000 Scale 0 50 Offset 0
95. g data into WaveWorks DDS Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Examples 4 46 Creating an Arbitrary Waveform Loading Individual Data Points The most basic way to program an arbitrary waveform is to enter data points for the waveform one data point at a time While this can become tedious the auto increment function helps this process To enter individual data points into waveform memory follow these steps Press WAVE to display the waveform selection menu Press F5 ARB to display the arbitrary menu Press F4 EDIT to display the Edit menu Press F1 POINT to select the point by point programming mode Press F1 ADDRESS Use the rotary knob or the numerical keys to enter the address Press F2 DATA Use the rotary knob or the numerical keys to enter the value for the data point Valid entries range from 8191 to 8191 Repeat steps 5 through 9 until you finish programming your arbitrary waveform o QO N Ko NOTE Each time you press ENTER to complete a data point entry in numerical mode the auto increment address advances the A value by one Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Examples cont d Defining a Wave Segment for Execution To specify waveform data stored in dynamic RAM for execution specify its starting address and length in the F5 ARB menu 1 Select the channe
96. g the Function Generator Parameter Key PARAM Once the desired wave function is selected pressing this key displays the basic function or arbitrary waveform parameters which include frequency amplitude offset and int ext reference clock mode The parameters may be modified by accessing the soft keys on the bottom of the display The active parameters are highlighted in black In the Arbitrary Waveform mode the sampling rate can also be viewed or modified Enter new parameter values by Using the numeric keypad and pressing a units key to activate the changes Typing in a numeric value and then pressing ENTER Adjusting the dial for immediate changes at the instrument s output Waveform Key WAVE Pressing this key displays the wave menu You can choose from sine square triangle ramp pulse or arbitrary wave types by pressing F1 SINE F2 SQR F3 TRI F4 PULSE OR F5 ARB The active wave type is highlighted in black Pressing the soft key will enable the respective wave type Pressing the ON key located on the lower right corner of the front panel will either enable or disable the main output The status of the main output is indicated on the upper right hand corner of the LCD by an annunciator Trigger Menu MODE Access the trigger menu by pressing this key There are five options available from the trigger menu These are F1 CONT Enables the continuous triggering mode F2 TRIG Chooses eithe
97. h numeric value SHAPe SINusoid SQUare TRIangle FREQuency numeric value SOURce INTernal EXTernal FM STATe Boolean DEViation numeric value SHAPe SINusoid SQUare TRIangle FREQuency numeric value SOURce INTernal EXTernal FSK STATe Boolean LOWFrequency numeric value HIFrequency numeric value RATE numeric value SOURce INTernal EXTernal SWEep STATe Boolean SPACing lt LIN LOG gt TIME numeric value STARE numeric value STOP numeric value PHAse ADjust numeric value PULSe PERiod numeric value WIDth numeric value EDGe numeric value RISe numeric value gt numeric value gt Frequency Programming and I nterfacing Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator SOURce FREQuency frequency The frequency command controls the frequency of the output waveform Arguments Type Units Range Rounding Command Types Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Examples Response Considerations Numeric MHz KHz Hz default Dependent on the Point Rate and Wavelength Fmax 1 12 5 nS Wavelength Fmin 1 100S Wavelength The value is rounded to 4 digits Setting or Query SOURce FREQuency CW lt ws gt lt frequency gt units SOURce FREQuency ws MINimum MAXimum 5KHZ FREQ MAXIMUM FREQ MIN SOURce FREQuency CW ws MAX
98. he execution memory Storing Setups To store the front panel setup 1 Press SETUPS to display the menu 2 Press F3 STORE to select the Store mode 3 Use the rotary input knob to select a buffer number Valid buffer numbers range from 1 to 49 Buffer 0 is a read only buffer that contains the power on settings listed in Table 4 3 The waveform generator does not warn you when you store a setup into a settings buffer that is already occupied Recalling Setups To recall stored front panel setup 1 Press SETUPS to display the menu 2 Press F1 RECALL to select the Recall mode 3 Use the rotary input knob to select a buffer number Valid buffers numbers range from 0 to 50 Buffer 0 is a read only buffer that contains the power on settings listed in Table 4 3 4 After selecting a setup location press ENTER to activate the command Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Examples cont d Generating and transferring data from WaveWorks DDS to the Model 2730A Install WaveWorks DDS Start WaveWorks DDS Click on INSERT Click on TRIANGLE WAVE Select Start Point 1 Length 1000 Scale 0 50 Offset 0 00 Click on COMMUNICATION SEND WAVEFORM RS232 Select Start Point 1 Length 1000 Select PORT COM1 Baud Rate 19200 Apply power to 2730A 10 On the 2730A press UTIL F2 RS232 set Baud 19200 using rotary knob 11 At WaveWorks DDS click on SEND 12 Wav
99. he following Ways SOURCE FREQUENCY 1KHZ SOUR FREQ 1KHZ SOURCE FREQ 1KHZ Some mnemonics in a specified Program Header may be optional This is indicated in the command description by the mnemonic being enclosed in square brackets This means it is not necessary to write the mnemonic into the Program Header it is a default condition The SOURCE mnemonic for example is optional Not specifying it will cause the device to search for the mnemonics in the Program Header under the Source Subsystem For example the frequency may be set by the commands since the CW mnemonic is also optional FREQ CW 1KHz FREQ 1KHz b Program Header Separator The Program Header Separator is used to separate the program header from the program data It consists of one or more white space characters denoted as ws Typically it is a space C Program Data The Program Data represent the values of the parameters being set for example the 1KHZ in the above examples Different forms of program data are accepted depending on the command The Program Data types used in the instrument are i Character Program Data This form of data is comprised of a mnemonic made up of lower or upper case alpha characters As with Program Header mnemonics some Character Data mnemonics have short and long forms Only the short or the long form may be used Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing ii Boolean
100. he sweep to occur This interval ranges from 10 ms to 500 s F5 LI N LOG Selects the Sweep Shape LIN or LOG The sweep shape is displayed on the LCD as shown below WN Freq LOG SWEEP Sweep Start 1 08 KHz Logarithmic Sweep Display Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d MODUL MODULATION Menu Figure 4 10 MODUL MODULATION Menu Tree MODUL AM FM FSK lt SELECT gt lt SE gt lt SELECT gt ON DEV SHAPE MOD EXT OFF VALUE X SELECT FREQ INT SELECT VALUE SELECT ON 9o SHAPE MOD EXT OFF VALUE SELECT FREQ INT SELECT VALUE SELECT ON F LO F HI RATE EXT OFF VALUE SELECT VALUE INT SELECT SELECT MODUL MODULATI ON Menu Selects either F1 AM Amplitude Modulation F3 FM Frequency Modulation or F5 FSK Frequency Shift Key Modes To select the modulation type press MODUL then press the function key that corresponds to the desired menu option as shown Freq 1 00000000 KHz AmplS O0 Vp p Ofst 0 00 Vv Modulation Menu Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d 4 30 F1 AM Menu MODUL MODULATI ON Menu cont d If AM is selected the following menu appears SUR Kim AM Menu F1 ON OFF Selects the Modulation ON or OFF operating mode F2 9o
101. high Attempt to set scale too high for current dot value Protected RAM Save RAM Must divide by 4 Must divide by 2 Predefined wavelength must be divisible by 2 Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Instrument Operation cont d 4 42 Using The Model 2730A This section explains how to generate various waveforms and modify the output waveform Generating a standard waveform from the function generator Defining a Pulse Waveform Creating an Arbitrary Waveform Loading Individual Data Points Defining a Wave segment for Execution Creating a Complex Arbitrary Waveform Using Predefined Waves Line Drawing and the Waveform ADD Function Setting the Frequency Generating a Waveform Output Modifying Waveform output Using Voltage Offset Storing and Recalling a Waveform Generator Setup Creating and Downloading a Waveform with WaveWorks DDS software Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Instrument Operation cont d Generating a Standard Waveform You can select several standard waveforms as sine triangle ramp square and pulse Creating a standard waveform requires selecting the waveform type parameters modes etc and their settings that define the waveform Generating a standard waveform requires the following Selecting the waveform Setting the output frequency Setting the output amplitude and offset
102. how to use the instrument as a standard function generator Power the unit and allow it to initialize Press WAVE and select the desired waveform Press the ON key above the Output BNC connector Observe the output waveform Press the PARAM key Turn the dial and adjust the output frequency Press F3 AMPL and adjust the amplitude Press F3 OFST again and adjust the offset voltage Verify the waveform s amplitude and offset with an oscilloscope Use a 50 9 termination at the scope s input PUO EMI Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Quick Start Instructions Instrument Settings Factory Default Settings It is important to know the instruments settings before attempting to use it A good starting point is to return the instrument to its original factory settings The factory default settings can be used for most general purpose measurements The 2730A is shipped from the factory with the default settings summarized below Table 3 1 Factory Default Settings Key Function Setting Comments MODULATION Modulation execution You may restore the factory default settings at any time by recalling memory location 0 Press SETUPS RECALL 0 ENTER NOTE When the unit is reset to factory defaults user defined non volatile wave data is retained di Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Quick Start Instructions Usin
103. ice personnel Safety precautions and warnings may be found throughout this instruction manual and the equipment These warnings may be in the form of a symbol or a written statement Below is a summary of these precautions TEGAM assumes no liability for a customer s failure to comply with these requirements The Model 2730A is a Safety Class instrument Terms in This Manual CAUTION statements identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to the equipment or other property WARNING statements apply conditions or practices that could result in personal injury or loss of life Terms as Marked on Equipment CAUTION indicates a personal injury hazard not immediately accessible as one reads the marking or a hazard to property including the equipment itself DANGER indicates a personal injury hazard immediately accessible as one reads the marking Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Preparation for Use AN Safety Information amp Precautions Cont d Symbols As Marked in This Manual A This symbol denotes where precautionary information may be found As Marked on Equipment Caution Risk of Danger Danger Risk of Electric Shock Earth Ground Terminal On off Chassis Terminal Alternating Current F e gt er P Earth Ground Terminal Guard Grounding the Equipment This product is grounded through the grounding conductor of the
104. ich the instrument complies Command Type Query only Query Syntax SYSTem VERSion Response 1992 0 NR2 format Security SYSTem SECurity STATe lt Boolean gt This command enables the instrument memory to be cleared The stored settings and the arbitrary waveform memory are cleared when the Security state is changed from ON to OFF The instrument state is returned to the factory power on default Arguments Type Boolean Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SYSTem SECurity STATe lt ws gt ON 1 OFF O Examples SYST SEC ON SYST SEC OFF Query Syntax SYSTem SECurity STATe Response 0 1 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Power on Buffer SYSTem POBuffer buffer number This command is used to set the Power On Buffer setting The instrument will power on with the setting stored in that buffer Arguments Type Numeric Range 0 to 49 Rounding to integer value Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SYSTem POBuffer ws buffer MINimum MAXimum Example SYST POB 99 Query Syntax SYSTem POBuffer ws MINimum MAXimum Response Power on buffer in NR1 format Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing IEEE 488 1 INTERFACE MESSAGES GET Group Execute Trigger The GET is used by the AWG as a trigger when it is in either the TRIGGER GATE or BURST modes with the trigger source set to BUS It h
105. igits Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce FM DEViation ws frequency units SOURce FM DEViation ws MINimum MAXimum Examples FM DEV 5KHZ FM DEV 5E3 FM DEV MAXIMUM FM DEV MIN Query Syntax SOURce FM DEViation lt ws gt MAXimum MINimum Examples FM DEV FM DEV MAX Response NR3 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing FM SHAPe This command selects the FM modulating waveform shape Arguments Type Character Options SINusoid TRIangle SQUare Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce FM SHAPe ws lt SIN TRI SQU gt Examples SOURce FM SHPE SIN FM SHAPE TRI Query Syntax SOURce FM SHAPe Response SIN TRI SQU FM FREQuency This command sets the FM modulating waveform frequency Arguments Type Numeric Units MHz KHz Hz default Range Fmax 20 KHz Fmin 0 01 Hz Rounding The value is rounded to 4 digits Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax 500 FM FREQuency lt ws gt lt frequency gt units SOURce FM FREQuency ws MINimum MAXimum Examples FM FREQ 5KHZ FM FREQ 5E3 FM FREQ MAXIMUM FM FREQ MIN Query Syntax SOURce FM FREQuency ws MAXimum MINimum Examples FM FREQ FM FREQ MAX Response NR3 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing FM SOURce This command selects the FM modulation source as either internal then the above settings
106. imum MINimum FREQ FREQ MAX NR3 1 The MIN MAX arguments should be used only in a Program Message that does NOT contain Program Message Units specifying Arbitrary Point Rate or Wavelength since the MAXimum or MINimum value is calculated at the time the command is parsed 2 The MIN and MAX arguments refer to currently settable minimum or maximum 3 FIXed is alias for CW Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Amplitude Programming and Interfacing SOURce VOLTage AMPLitude p p amplitude The amplitude command is used to set the peak to peak amplitude of the output waveform Note that the amplitude and the offset are limited by the relation Output Voltage Range Constraints of Amplitude Offset 0 010 volt to 10 00 volts Vp p 2 offset lt 5 volts Arguments Type Units Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Examples Response Considerations Numeric V mV Vp p mVp p 10mV to 10V imV from 10mV to 999mV 10mv from 1V to 10V Setting or Query SOURce VOLTage AMPLitude ws amplitude units SOURce VOLTage AMPLitude ws MINimum MAXimum VOLT AMPL 2 5 VOLT AMPL 2 5V VOLT AMPL SOURce VOLTage AMPLitude lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum VOLT AMPL VOLT AMPL MAX NR2 1 The MAXimum amplitude is dependent on the offset 2 The MAX and MIN arguments should not be used
107. in lower output magnitudes than programmed in the instrument Function Generator Operation Operating the 2730A as a function generator is best performed using the instrument s front panel Pressing the PARAM key allows user definable access to waveform parameters Arbitrary Wave Creation Arbitrary wave creation can be performed by using the 2730A front panel keys or with WaveWorks DDS software The frequency of an arbitrary waveform is determined by dividing the sample rate by the number of samples used for one cycle The output amplitude is determined by the percentage of full scale of the arbitrary wave times the programmed amplitude of the output See the example in section 4 titled Setting the Frequency for more details Waveform and Execution Memory The waveform generator uses two forms of memory These are Dynamic RAM for defining editing and generating arbitrary waveforms and non volatile flash memory for storing arbitrary waveform data and front panel settings when the instrument is off Both dynamic RAM and non volatile flash memories consist of 4 000 000 points at which you can specify a value from 8091 to 8091 You can scale these points through the output amplitude setting that is data point 8091 is equal to the positive peak of the user defined output amplitude Additional Examples Examples for creating and editing arbitrary waveforms are located in the Operating Instructions section of this manual
108. in personal injury FOR QUALI FI ED SERVI CE PERSONNEL ONLY Servicing Safety Summary Do Not Service Alone Do not perform service or adjustment on this product unless another person capable of rendering first aid is present Use Care When Servicing with Power On or Off Dangerous voltages may exist at several points in this product To avoid personal injury or damage to this equipment avoid touching exposed connections or components while the power is on Assure that the power is off by unplugging the instrument when removing panels soldering or replacing components 4 WARNING The instrument power source is electronically controlled meaning that there is power present throughout the instrument even when the instrument is in the OFF state Always unplug the instrument and wait 5 minutes before accessing internal components Power Source This product is intended to connect to a power source that will not apply more than 264 V RMS between the supply conductors or between either of the supply conductors and ground A protective ground connection by way of the grounding conductor in the power cord is essential for safe operation Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Preparation for Use A N Line Voltage amp Fuse Selection CAUTION DO NOT APPLY POWER TO THE INSTRUMENT BEFORE READING THIS SECTION The Model 2730A is powered by a universal power supply The 2730A design allows it to operate from 90 V to 26
109. ion Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d WAVE WAVE Menu cont d Arbitrary Waveform Edit Menu F1 ADDR Selects the current address in the arbitrary waveform memory F2 DATA Selects the data point value at the current address from 8191 to 8191 F2 LINE This menu allows a line drawing between two selected points Displays the following menu F1 FROM Selects the starting point address F2 TO Selects the ending point address F4 EXEC Displays the Confirmation menu F1 NO F3 YES 400 0 Hz Arbitrary Waveform gt Edit gt Line Menu Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d WAVE WAVE Menu cont d Arbitrary Waveform Edit Menu F3 PREDEF Selects one of the predefined waveforms Sine Triangle Square Noise Ramp Up Ramp Down Sin x x Exponent Up Exponent Down and Gaussian Displays the predefined waveforms menu Freq 400 0 Hz Predef SINE Arbitrary Waveform gt Edit gt Predefined Waveform Menu F1 TYPE Selects a Sine Triangle Square Noise Ramp Up Ramp Down Sin x x Exponent Up Exponent Down or Gaussian waveform If the Noise function is selected by pressing EXEC a submenu is displayed See F4 EXEC for more details F1 ADD Allows the noise to be added to existing waveform data F3 NEW Generate noise waveform data to be used as a new waveform FA E
110. ir instructions or of a detailed description of the problem This description should include information such as measurement settings type of components being tested whether the problem is intermittent or constant when is the problem most frequent has the test changed since the last time the instrument was used Etc Any detailed information provided to our technicians will assist them in identifying and correcting the problem in the quickest possible manner Use the Expedite Repair amp Calibration form provided on the next page Once this information is prepared and sent with the instrument and RMA number to our service department we will do our part in making sure that you receive the best possible turnaround Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Service I nformation Expedite Repair amp Calibration Form Use this form to provide additional repair information and service instructions Completing this form and including it with your instrument will avoid delays in processing your service request RMA Instrument Model Serial Company Number Technical Contact Phone Number Additional Contact Info Repair I nstructions L Evaluation L Calibration Only L Repair Only L Repair amp Calibration L Z540 Extra Charge Detailed Symptoms Include information such as range instrument settings type of components being tested is the problem intermit
111. its first character causes the reference to return to the root This process is defined by IEEE 488 2 section A 1 1 Consider the following examples a The following command may be used to set the amplitude and the offset of the signal SOURCE VOLTAGE AMPLITUDE 5V OFFSET 2V Note that the offset command is referenced to the command preceding it the OFFSET mnemonic resides at the same node as the AMPLITUDE command b This command set the frequency and the amplitude SOURCE FREQUENCY 2KHZ VOLTAGE AMPLITUDE 4V The FREQUENCY and VOLTAGE mnemonics are at the same level C When Program Message Units describe different subsystems a colon prefix must be used to reset the command reference to the root Here the frequency and the output state are set SOURCE FREQUENCY 3KHZ OUTPUT STATE ON Common Commands may be inserted in the Program Message without affecting the instrument control command reference For example SOURCE VOLTAGE AMPLITUDE ESE 255 OFFSET 2V Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Status Reporting The instrument is capable of reporting status events and errors to the controller using the IEEE 488 2 Service Request function and the IEEE 488 2 Status Reporting structure The Status Byte Status summary information is communicated from the device to the controller using the Status Byte STB The STB is composed of single bit summary messages each summary message summ
112. itude while loads larger than 50 Q increase the waveform amplitude Excessive distortion or aberrations caused by improper termination are less noticeable at lower frequencies especially with sine and triangle waveforms To ensure waveform integrity follow these precautions Use high quality 50 coaxial cables and connectors Make all connections tight and keep cable lengths as short as possible If it is necessary to reduce waveform amplitudes use good quality attenuators Use proper termination or impedance matching devices to avoid reflections Ensure that attenuators and terminations have adequate power handling capabilities If there is a DC voltage across the output load use a coupling capacitor in series with the load The time constant of the coupling capacitor and load must be long enough to maintain pulse flatness RD I If the waveform generator is driving high impedance such as a 1 input impedance paralleled by a stated capacitance of an oscilloscope s vertical input connect the transmission line to a 50 Q attenuator a 50 Q termination and to the oscilloscope input The attenuator isolates the input capacitance of the device and terminates the waveform generator properly Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Instrument Operation cont d Waveform and Execution Memory The waveform generator uses two forms of memory 4 40 e Dynamic RAM for genera
113. k mode These parameters may be modified by accessing the soft keys on the bottom of the display Active settings are highlighted in black and parameter values may be entered via the keypad and or the dial In the Arbitrary Waveform mode the sampling rate can also be viewed or modified Freq 1 000 000 00 KHz Ampl5 oO Weep Ofat 000 V ars Pes Frequency Menu F1 FREQ Selects and displays the frequency Change the frequency setting by using the cursor keys rotary dial or numeric units keys If a certain setting cannot be produced the waveform generator displays an Out of Range or other error message F1 FREQ RATE for Arbitrary Waveform mode only Selects and displays the point execution rate or frequency The rate governs the speed at which waveform points are executed and thus directly affects the output frequency of the waveform When you set this parameter the waveform generator will keep that execution rate for all waveform lengths until it is changed Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d 4 8 PARAM PARAMeter Menu cont d F3 AMPL OFST This key toggles between the Amplitude and Offset Settings AMPL When AMPL is highlighted the amplitude parameter is selected Change the amplitude setting by using the cursor keys rotary dial or numerical keys If a certain setting cannot be produced the waveform generator will display an Out of
114. l to ON 2 Press WAVE and select the F5 ARB function 3 Press F1 START to set the address Valid entries range from 1 to 3 999 999 Press ENTER to activate the start value 4 Press F2 LENGTH to display the length of the waveform Valid entries range from 2 to 4 000 000 Use the rotary input knob or the numerical keys to enter the length of the waveform The example below will demonstrate how to specify the memory locations in RAM for execution ACTION KEYSTROKES Instruct the 2730A to execute the first 1000 WAVE points of waveform data in RAM F5 ARB F1 START 1 ENTER F2 LENGTH 1 0 0 0 ENTER F5 PREV MODE F1 CONT OUTPUT ON Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Examples cont d 4 48 Creating a Complex Arbitrary Waveform Using Predefined Waves Line Drawing and the Waveform ADD Function To create a complex arbitrary waveform Load a predefined sine waveform into arbitrary waveform memory Load a scaled sine wave at the positive peak of the first sine wave Draw a straight line between two data points in the waveform Add a pulse glitch to the waveform Add a noise signal at the negative peak of the first sine wave To see the waveform as you build it connect the waveform generator to an oscilloscope and perform the following steps The following steps set up the waveform shown in Figure 4 2 Step 1 ACTION KEYSTROKES
115. lect the trigger source for use in the Trigger Gate and Burst trigger modes Arguments Type Character Options MANual Front panel MAN key BUS GPIB trigger GET or TRG INTernal Internal trigger EXTernal External trigger Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax TRIGger SOURce ws option Examples TRIG SOUR BUS TRIG SOUR INT Query Syntax TRIGger SOURce Response MAN BUS INT EXT Burst Count TRIGger BURSt burst count Used to set the number of cycles to be output in the BURST mode It is not a standard SCPI command Arguments Type Numeric Range 1 to 999999 Rounding to integer value Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax TRIGger BURSt ws value Examples TRIG BURS 100 TRIG BURS MAXIMUM Query Syntax TRIGger BURSt ws MAXimum MINimum Response NR1 Examples TRIG BURST TRIG BURS MAX Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Internal Trigger Rate TRIGger TIMer trigger rate Sets the rate of the internal trigger Arguments Type Numeric Units S mS uS nS Range 1E 6S to 100S Rounding to 4 digits Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax TRIGger TIMer ws value units TRIGger TIMer ws MINimum MAXimum Examples TRIG TIM 10E 6 TRIG TIM MIN Query Syntax TRIGger TIMer lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Response NR3 Examples TRIG TIM TRIG TIM MIN Arbitrary S
116. lt value gt Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Table 5 8 ASCII amp GPIB CODE CHART B7 0 0 9 0 1 1 1 1 6 NUMBERS CONTROL UPPER CASE LOWER CASE B4 B3 B2 B1 CONTROL SYMBOLS lo 20 40 1 z 16 100 0 120 16 140 0 160 16 0 0 10 16 20 32 30 48 40 64 50 80 60 96 70 112 1 Gr 2t 61 7 141 ifisi 17 1 11 31 49 6t 97 71 113 2 22 22 2 62 18 102 2 122 18 142 2 162 18 hh pe 2 12 18 22 34 32 50 42 66 52 82 62 98 72 114 3 103 22 143 3 163 19 99 73 24 OcL 44 5 124 4 164 20 a 52 44 100 74 105 69 56 22 22 6 126 22 146 6 16 54 46 56 86 66 102176 118 27 ES 23 107 7 127 23 147 7 167 23 17 23 27 39 37 55147 71157 87 67 103 77 119 ET 30 SPE 50 70 24 110 8 130 24 150 8 170 74 8 18 24 28 88 68 104 78 120 31 SPO 25 151 9 25 9 19 57 4 z 59 89 69 105 79 i 26 a 0 132 26 152 10 172 oa 74 5A 90 6A 106 7A 122 153 11 173 27 11118 d 3 6B 107 78 123 28 154 121174 28 60 4C 76 5 108 7C 124 29 6 8 EE go E EE z ra R ofS m o Le FI F R zE E 13 175 1101 3160 109 7D sn 30 156 14 176 1110 78 5 6E 110 7E 5 77 1 157 15 17 DEL ALS US RUBOUT 5HF 31 2 3F 5F 9516F 111 7 127 ADDRESSED UNIVERSAL LISTEN TALK SECONDARY ADDRESSES COMMANDS COMMANDS ADDRESSES ADDRESSES E E GPIB code ASCII character gt a s p s 9 TH
117. mand The operation complete command causes the device to generate the operation complete message in the Standard Event Status Register on completion of the selected device operation Type Common Command Syntax OPC Examples FREQ 5KHZ OPC The OPC command and the OPC query described below find use mainly when commands having relatively long execution times are executed for example the programming of long predefined waveforms b OPC Operation complete query The operation complete query places an ASCII character 1 in the output queue on completion of the selected device operation Type Common Query Syntax OPC Response ASCII character 1 Example FREQ 1KHz OPC C WAI Wait to continue command This command is intended for use with overlapped commands No commands in the instrument are overlapped and so this command has no effect Type Common Command Syntax WAI Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Status and Event Commands a CLS Clear status The clear status command clears the SESR and Error Queue status data structures Type Common Command Syntax CLS b ESE Standard event status enable This command is used to set the value of the Standard Event Status Enable Register Arguments Type NRf Range 0 to 255 Non integer arguments are rounded before execution Type Common Command or Query Syntax ESE lt ws gt lt NRf gt Exam
118. meant to generate that response was sent response A query was received in the same program message after a query requiring an indefinite response was formatted Essentially this means that the IDN common query and the ARB DATA query should not be followed by more query messages in the same program message System Events System events have positive valued codes They are not defined by SCPI but are specific to the instrument Sending the STATus PRESet command will disable these events from being reported Table 5 6 Summary of System Events EVENT DESCRI PTI ON EVENT DESCRIPTION CODE CODE 401 Power on 402 Operation complete The OPC command has been executed 5 22 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Warnings The execution of some commands might cause an undesirable instrument state The commands are executed but a warning is issued Sending the STATus PRESet command disables reporting of warnings The existence of these conditions causes a bit in the Status Questionable Condition register to be set refer to section 13 5 4 Table 5 7 Summary of Warnings EVENT DESCRI PTI ON EVENT DESCRI PTI ON CODE CODE 500 Trigger rate short 510 Output overload Trigger rate short means that the period of the waveform is larger than the value of the internal trigger rate Thus not every trigger will gener
119. mplitude and offset hardware limitations must be considered The offset voltage has three ranges as follows Table 4 2 Voltage Offset Ranges Output Voltage Range Constraints of Amplitude Offset 0 010 volt to 10 00 volts Vp p 2 offset lt 5 volts Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d PARAM PARAMeter Menu cont d F4 UNI TS This soft key is only visible after the F3 AMPL OFST key has been pressed and AMPL is highlighted Press F4 UNITS to select V p p V rms or dBm as the primary units for Amplitude and Offset values F5 I NT EXT REF Selects the internal or external clock reference source the external reference must be connected to the rear panel Ref In Out connector Pressing the F5 key will toggle between the two reference options Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating Instructions MENU Keys cont d Figure 4 4 WAVE WAVE Menu Tree WAVE SINE SQR TRI PULSE ARB SELECT SELECT SELECT SELECT SELECT START LENGTH MARK EDIT PREV VALUE VALUE SELECT SELECT SELECT ADDR LENGTH ON PREV VALUE VALUE OFF SELECT POINT LINE PREDEF MORE PREV SELECT SELECT SELECT SELECT SELECT ADRS DATA PREV VALUE VALUE SELECT FROM TO EXEC PREV VALUE VALUE SELECT SELECT TYPE FROM LENG SC
120. ntire Operating Instructions Section of this manual be reviewed to insure the most efficient use of the instrument Generally speaking function generator operation from the front panel or arbitrary wave creation using TEGAM wave creation software are relatively simple procedures These are described in this section along with practical examples Arbitrary wave creation or editing from the instrument s front panel are more tedious tasks and are included in the Operating Instructions section only The Quick Start section is designed to give the user a general instruction set for the speedy setup and generation of common wave types A reference is sometimes made to other parts of this manual so that the user at their discretion can decide whether or not to pursue additional information Power the Unit The universal power supply for the Model 2730A is designed for 50 60 Hz operation and a voltage range of 90 264 VAC It is assumed that the Preparation for Use section of this manual has been read and understood and the line voltage and fuse type has been verified to be correct Power the unit by depressing the pushbutton located on the lower left corner of the front panel Verify that the unit will be operated in the operating environment as defined in the specifications Your First Waveform The 2730A s intuitive design allows a waveform to be produced at the instrument s output with the stroke of a few keys The example below demonstrates
121. o 1 1 to 4 000 000 to integer value Numeric 16 to 65 536 divisible by 4 2 to 65 536 divisible by 2 16 to 65 536 divisible by 4 16 to 65 536 16 to 65 536 16 to 65 536 16 to 65 536 16 to 65 536 16 to 65 536 16 to 65 536 16 to 65 536 to integer value Numeric MIN sets the scale to 1 MAX sets the scale to 100 1 to 100 See considerations to integer value Setting only ARBitrary PREDefined lt ws gt shape start lt length gt lt scale gt ARB PRED SIN 1 1e3 100 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator 5 60 Considerations Start Address Programming and Interfacing 1 The start address and the length must meet the specification that Start address Length 1 lt 3 999 999 2 The scale refers to the scaling of the waveform as a percentage of full scale A scale of 100 will under the correct conditions generate a waveform whose data values range from 8191 to 8191 These correct conditions are set by the offset value This offset is the value of the data at the start address and determines the maximum scale settable The following table shows the data values required in order to achieve maximum scale SHAPE NOIS 0 ARBitrary STARt start address This command sets the start address of the waveform to be run Arguments Type Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Example Query Syntax Examples Response Considera
122. o select gated mode d F4 BRST to select burst mode Enabling the Main Output To enable the main output press Output ON Modifying a Waveform s Output You can modify the output of a waveform by e Using the offset e Using modulation Using Voltage Offset Through the offset parameter you can add a positive or negative DC level to the output waveform NOTE For a description of the interaction between amplitude and offset settings refer to the section on the PARAM menu for setting the Amplitude and Offsets of a waveform To set voltage offset 1 Press PARAM to display the menu 2 Press F3 OFST to display the offset setting 3 Use the rotary input knob or the numerical keys to set the voltage offset Press ENTER to activate the new setting To turn the voltage offset OFF repeat the steps above but set the offset voltage level to 0 Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Examples cont d Storing and Recalling a Waveform Generator Setup You can store up to 49 front panel setups in a part of nonvolatile RAM known as the settings storage memory When you recall a stored setup the front panel settings change to match the settings in the stored setup These stored and recalled settings include the starting address and length of the arbitrary memory that is loaded in the execution memory NOTE Storing a waveform generator s setup values stores neither waveform nor t
123. od 100 000 or Fall 01 us The first step is to sketch out a representation of the desired pulse Determine the lead trail width and frequency period in terms of the definitions used in this manual Figures 4 5 4 6 amp 4 7 Step through each of the above inequalities to make sure that the pulse parameters meet the constraints The above conditions must be met before you can proceed In addition the lead trail and width must be set to their minimum values to allow flexibility when setting the pulse width and frequency period a Set lead amp trail to 10 ns b Set the width to the minimum allowable value which satisfies the condition Width Period 1E 6 Set the frequency period to the desired value Set the width to the desired value Make sure the width value satisfies the term Width gt Lead Trail If it does not then the lead and trail times may need adjusting to satisfy the inequality Set the lead and trail times to the required values Make sure they satisfy the terms Lead Width 100 or Lead 01 us amp Trail 2 Width 100 or Trail 01 us If during parameter definition an Out of Range message appears on the LCD it is necessary entered 4 44 to adjust the dependent parameters so that new parameters may be Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Instrument Operation cont d Creating an Arbitrary Waveform You can create an arbitrary w
124. or was found in the expression 123 Exponent too large IEEE 488 2 specifies 178 Expression data not allowed maximum of 32000 5 20 TEGAM Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Execution Errors An execution error indicates that the device could not execute a syntactically correct command either since the data were out of the instrument s range or due to a device condition The EXE bit bit 4 of the Standard Event Status Register is set on occurrence of an execution error Table 5 3 Summary of Execution Errors ERROR DESCRI PTI ON ERROR DESCRIPTION CODE CODE 200 Execution error 222 Data out of range An attempt was made to RECALL the contents of an uninitialized stored setting buffer 201 Invalid while in local 223 Too much data The arbitrary waveform memory limit has been exceeded 211 Trigger ignored 224 Illegal parameter value The GET or TRG common command was The parameter value must be selected ignored due to the device not being in the from a finite list of possibilities correct state to execute the trigger 220 Parameter error 258 Media protected A parameter is in the correct range but An attempt was made to write to conflicts with other parameters protected arbitrary waveform memory 221 Settings conflict The parameter is out of range due to the current instrument state Device Specific Errors An error specific to th
125. ples ESE 48 Enables the CME and EXE bits ESE 255 Enables all standard events Query Syntax ESE Response NR1 C ESR Standard event status register query This query is used to read the value of the Standard Event Status Register Reading the register clears it Type Common Query Syntax ESR Response NR1 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing d PSC Power on status clear command This command is used to control the automatic power on clearing of certain status functions Arguments Type Boolean Type Common Command or Query Command Syntax PSC ws Boolean Examples PSC ON or PSC 1 PSC OFF or PSC 0 Query Syntax PSC Response ASCII 0 for OFF ASCII 1 for ON When set to ON 1 the Service Request Enable Register and the Standard Event Status Enable Register are cleared on power on e SRE Service request enable command This command sets the Service Request Enable Register bits Arguments Type NRf Range 0 to 255 Non integer arguments are rounded before execution The value of bit 6 is ignored and is set always to zero Type Common Command or Query Command Syntax SRE ws NRf Examples SRE 48 Enables reporting of ESB and MAV events Query Syntax SRE Response NR1 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing f STB Status byte query This query is
126. ptions INTernal EXTernal Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce FSK SOURce ws option Examples FSK SOUR INT FSK SOUR EXT Query Syntax SOURce FSK SOURce Response INT EXT Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Sweep Control The following commands control the sweep functionality Sweep STATe This command activates or deactivates sweep Arguments Type Boolean Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce SWEEP STATe ws ON 1 OFF O Examples SWEEP STAT ON SWEEP OFF Query Syntax SOURce SWEEP STATe Response Oji Sweep SPACing This command sets the sweep spacing as either LINear or LOGarithmic Arguments Type Character Options LINear LOGarithmic Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SOURce SWEEP SPACing ws LIN LOG Examples SOURce SWEEP SPACing LIN SWEEP SPAC LOG Query Syntax SOURce SWEEP SPACing Response LIN LOG did Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Sweep TIME This command sets the time for one complete sweep Arguments Type Units Range Rounding Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Response Sweep STARt Numeric S mS uS nS 10mS to 500S to 4 digits Setting or Query SOURce SWEEP TIME ws time units SOURce SWEEP TIME ws MINimum MAXimum SWEEP TIME 50M
127. r a manual internal or external trigger source F3 GATE Allows the output to be gated via manual internal or external trigger F4 BURST Allows the number of bursts 2 999 999 to be programmed and chooses manual internal or external triggered burst F5 PHASE Allows a non continuous triggered waveform to start at the specified phase Sweep Menu SWEEP There is no sweep function for the arbitrary waveform mode Enable the sweep function by pressing this key and then enter the required parameters for the sweep function The user defines the start and stop addresses and the rate at which one complete sweep occurs A linear or logarithmic sweep may be specified Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Quick Start Instructions Using the Function Generator cont d Modulation MODUL Press this key to access the modulation menu For arbitrary waveforms only AM modulation is available For function generator waveforms AM FM and FSK are available F1 AM Chooses amplitude modulation and allows the users to define modulation modulation shape and the frequency of modulation F3 FM Accesses the frequency modulation menu which allows selection of deviation frequency modulation shape and the modulation frequency F5 FSK Accesses the frequency shift keying menu where low and high frequencies and the rate of change between these frequencies may be defined Setups SETUPS Up to 49 from 1
128. rsed Coupled Commands Coupled Commands are either commands whose execution validity depends on the value of other parameters or commands whose execution changes the value of another parameter The execution of commands designated as being coupled is deferred until all other commands in the same Program Message have been executed The coupled commands are then grouped together according to their functionality and executed as a group These groups of coupled commands are defined in the Model 2730A a Commands to set the amplitude the offset and to switch the output on The output being switched on is included here in order to prevent possible damage to the equipment being driven as a result of the amplitude and offset not being executed as intended by the user due to an execution error b Commands to set the function frequency the point rate the wavelength and the waveform start address In ARB mode the frequency and the point execution rate are dependent upon each other keeping the wavelength constant unless it is specified in the same program message If the wavelength is specified as well the frequency or point rate must change in accordance with the new value The validity of the start address is a function of the wavelength Please refer to the individual commands for more detail The maximum frequency is also dependant upon the waveform so that changing the waveform may render the current frequency out of range C Comman
129. s Query Syntax Response NRf to 131 072 Non integer arguments are rounded before execution Setting or Query STAT QUES PTR lt ws gt NRf STAT QUES PTR 2048 STAT QUES PTR NR1 Negative Transition Filter STAT QUES NTR This command is used to set and query the value of the negative transition filter Arguments Type Range Command Type Setting Syntax Examples Query Syntax Response NRf 0 to 131 072 Non integer arguments are rounded before execution Setting or Query STAT QUES NTR lt ws gt lt NRf gt STAT QUES NTR 2048 STAT QUES NTR NR1 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Event Register STAT QUES EVENt This query is used to read the event register Reading the register clears it Command Type Query only Query Syntax STATus QUES EVEN Response NR1 Event Enable Register STAT QUES ENABle This command is used to set and query the value of the enable register Arguments Type NRf Range to 131 072 Non integer arguments are rounded before execution Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax STAT QUES ENAB lt ws gt lt NRf gt Examples STAT QUES ENAB 2048 Query Syntax STAT QUES ENAB Response NR1 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing System Subsystem The SYSTem subsystem collects the functions that are not related to instrument performance The f
130. s and characteristics The 2730A is a versatile high performance signal generator featuring dual functionality It combines a direct digital synthesis DDS based 50 MHz function generator and a true arbitrary waveform generator with up to 4 MB of waveform memory and a 125 MS s clock speed The dual functionality makes the instrument ideal for general purpose high speed laboratory use or low cost production test applications Operation is simple and precise waveforms can be created and produced within seconds As a function generator the 2730A has the capability to produce sine square triangle ramp and pulse waveforms Each wave type has user definable parameters AM FM and FSK are available with internal or external modulation The unit also includes sweep capabilities making it suitable for a wide range of communications applications Model 2730A also includes a programmable sync pulse in arbitrary mode where the start address and width of the pulse may be user defined This allows synchronization of external instruments including additional function generators and digital samplers Arbitrary waveforms can be programmed and generated with 14 bit resolution and up to 4M points with the Model 2730A Waveforms can be output in continuous triggered gated or burst mode with an internal or external 10 MHz clock reference Editing is flexible and easy including line draw and predefined waveform utilities Predefined arbitrary wave types includ
131. tent When is the problem most frequent Has anything changed with the application since the last time the instrument was used etc Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Service I nformation Model 2730A Performance Verification I ntroduction This section provides a procedure to verify that the Model 2730A has met the specifications published in the manual to within stated tolerances There are no user accessible calibration points in the unit TEGAM Inc recommends an annual calibration verification interval It is recommended that the Operating Section of the instruction manual should be followed in order to verify proper operation of the unit Copy the Verification Test Sheet at the end of this chapter to record the data Test Equipment Required Analog Oscilloscope 200 MHz or greater bandwidth Frequency Counter 1 ppm or better accuracy True RMS Digital Multimeter 5 1 2 digit 0 1 or better accuracy Distortion Analyzer 0 0196 or better THD measurement at 80 kHz bandwidth Precision Load 500 0 1 Environmental Conditions These tests are to be performed at a temperature of 25 C 5 C 77 F 9 F with a relative humidity of less than 80 Allow the instrument to warm up for at least one hour before performing these tests Verification Test Frequency Accuracy 1 Connect the frequency counter input to the 10 MHz CLK Output on the r
132. teristics Standard Waveforms Sine Square Triangle Ramp Pulse Frequency Accuracy Frequency Resolution Arbitrary Characteristics Waveform length Vertical resolution Sampling rate Sampling Accuracy Sampling Resolution Output Characteristics Amplitude Range Resolution Amplitude Accuracy Flatness Offset Range Offset Resolution Offset Accuracy Output Impedance Output Protection Filters 1 uHz to 50 MHz 1 uHz to 50 MHz 1 uHz to 5 MHz 5 mHz to 25 MHz 0 002 20 ppm 12 digits or 1pHz 2 points to 4 M points 14 bits 01 S s to 125 MS s 8 ns to 100 s 0 002 20 ppm 4 digits or 1 ps 10 mV to 10 Vp p into 50 Q 3 digits 1000 counts 1 20 mV of the programmed output from 1 V 10 V 0 1 dB to 1 MHz 1 0 dB to 50 MHz 4 99 V into 50 Q dependent on the amplitude setting 10 mV with 3 digits resolution 1 10 mV into 50 Q 50 Q The instrument output is protected against short circuit or 42 V maximum input voltage 9 pole Elliptic and 5 pole Bessel filters Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Instrument Description 2730A Specifications cont d Waveform Characteristics Harmonic Distortion DC 20 kHz 65 dBc 20 kHz 100 kHz 60 dBc 100 kHz 5 MHz 45 dBc 5 MHz 50 MHz 30 dBc Spurious DC 1 MHz lt 65 dBc Variable Duty Cycle 20 to 80 to 10 MHz 40 to 60 up to 30 MHz Symmetry at 50 lt 5 Aberrations lt 3 of p p amplitude 50 mV
133. ting I nstructions MENU Keys cont d SWEEP SWEEP Menu Figure 4 9 SWEEP SWEEP Menu Tree SWEEP ON START STOP RATE LIN OFF VALUE VALUE VALUE LOG SELECT SELECT SWEEP SWEEP Menu The sweep function applies only to standard waveforms and is not used for arbitrary waveforms Pressing the SWEEP key selects the Sweep Mode and allows the sweep parameters to be entered These are as Start Stop Rate and either linear or logarithmic sweep rates To select the sweep mode press SWEEP then press the function key that corresponds to the desired Sweep menu option as shown Frey 1 000 000 00 KHz Sweep Start 1 886 KHz ia TPE ua Sweep Menu Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys cont d SWEEP SWEEP Menu cont d F1 ON OFF Enables or disables the sweep function When the sweep mode is ON the graphic display will show a LIN or LOG sweep type to indicate the output type F2 START Defines the Sweep Start frequency The start frequency limitation is the lower frequency limit for the selected wave type For example the lowest start frequency for a sine wave is 1 Hz F3 STOP Defines the Sweep Stop frequency The stop frequency limitation is the highest frequency limit for the selected wave type For example the maximum stop frequency for a sine wave is 50 MHz F4 RATE Defines the Sweep Rate or time required for t
134. ting arbitrary waveforms e Non volatile FLASH for storing arbitrary waveform data and front panel settings during power off conditions Both dynamic RAM and non volatile flash memories consist of 4 000 000 points at which you can specify a value from 8191 to 8191 You can scale these points through the output amplitude setting that is data point 8191 is equal to the positive peak of the user defined output amplitude Dynamic RAM The DRAM is a temporary holding place for waveform data It is used to either edit or execute wave data The following operations can be performed in DRAM Insert and scale any of the following predefined waveforms sine triangle square noise Draw a line between any two points Clear set to zero any set of points or all points Protect prevent from changing any set of points or all points Copy any set of points to another area Set individual point values Up to 4 000 000 continuous points of waveform memory can be executed by specifying a starting address in waveform memory and length After specifying a section of waveform memory for execution the following parameters can be set Point rate frequency Peak to peak amplitude voltage Offset voltage Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions Instrument Operation cont d Nonvolatile Flash Arbitrary Waveform Memory The FLASH retains arbitrary waveform data in the event of power
135. tion Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing GTL Go To Local 1 with ATN Listen addressed instruments respond to GTL by changing to a local state Remote to local transitions caused by GTL do not affect the execution of the message being processed when GTL was received Remote Local Operation Most front panel controls cause a transition from REMS to LOCS by asserting a message called return to local rtl This transition can occur during message execution However in contrast to TGL and REN transitions a transition initiated by rtl affects message execution In this case the waveform generator generates an error if there are any unexecuted setting or operational commands Front panel controls that change only the display do not affect the remote local states Only front panel controls that change settings assert rtl The rtl message remains asserted when you enter multiple keystroke settings from the front panel and is unasserted after you execute the settings changes Since rtl prevents transition to REMS the waveform generator unasserts rtl if you do not complete a multiple key sequence in a reasonable length of time about 5 to 10 seconds A record of the front panel settings is in the Current Settings Buffer however new settings entered from the front panel or the controller update these recorded settings In addition the front panel updates to reflect setting changes from controller commands Settings are
136. tion or numerical value If the OUTPUT is enabled then the change will take place immediately at the output The exception is if an illegal command is received This will produce an Out of Range or other error message to appear and no changes will take place at the output If a parametric value is typed and the ENTER key is pressed instead of a units key the instrument will default to the previous units of measure When defining arbitrary values such as marker and data locations lengths and other soft key functions the ENTER key must be pressed to activate the new value Otherwise the data will be lost and the previous value of that parameter will be retained When a numerical value is being entered the cursor will lead the position of the active digit Pressing the ENTER key will return the cursor to the far left position and will add zeros to complete a numeric value This change visually confirms new parameter activation To enable soft key selections such as modulation or sweep ON OFF pressing the ENTER key is not required The instrument s status is shown on the display UNITS Keys When defining numerical values as in frequency time or amplitude the units keys located in the far right side of the keypad serve multiple functionalities They specify the units frequency time or amplitude for the parameter being defined In addition pressing a units key will automatically activate the new parametric value If the output is en
137. tions Numeric 1 to 3 999 999 to integer value Setting or Query ARBitrary STARt ws start address gt ARBitrary STARt lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum ARB STAR 100 ARBitrary STARt lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum ARB START ARB STAR MIN NR1 The start address and length must meet the condition Start Address Length 1 lt 3 999 999 TEGAM Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Wavelength ARBitrary LENGth length This command sets the length of the waveform being run Arguments Type Numeric Range 2 to 3 999 999 Rounding to integer value Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax ARBitrary LENGth ws length ARBitrary LENGth lt ws gt MINimum MAXimum Example ARB LENG 1E3 Query Syntax ARBitrary LENGth ws MINimum MAXimum Example ARB LENG Response NR1 Considerations 1 Changing the wavelength will change either the frequency 2 The minimum wavelength is 2 Marker Address ARBitrary MARKer ADDRess marker address gt This command is used to set the address of the marker Arguments Type Numeric Range 1 to 3 999 999 Rounding to integer values Setting Syntax ARBitrary MARKer ADDRess ws marker address gt Examples ARB MARK 45 Query Syntax ARBitrary MARKer ADDRess Example ARB MARK Response Marker address in NR1 format Considerations 1 The marker is only output if it s
138. ts Trigger In TTL compatible Maximum rate 20 MHz Minimum width 20 ns Input impedance 10 kQ nominal Sync Out TTL pulse at programmed frequency 50 Q source Z fan out 240 Modulation In 5 Vp p for 100 modulation 10 kQ input impedance DC to gt 50 kHz minimum bandwidth Reference IN OUT 10 MHz TTL compatible I O 500 Output Z 1 Input 2 fan out 40 Marker Out A positive TTL pulse user programmable in arbitrary waveform mode 50 Q source impedance fan out 40 Summing Input 5 Vp p signal for full scale output 500 Q input Z Computer Interfaces GPIB IEEE 488 2 SCPI compatible RS 232C 115k baud max Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Instrument Description 2730A Specifications cont d General Specifications Settings Storage Arbitrary memory Dimensions Weight Power Supply Voltage Line Frequency Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Humidity EMC ESD Immunity Safety Specifications 49 user defined non volatile settings 4 MB in flash memory Width 8 4 in 213 mm Height 3 5 in 88 mm Depth 10 8 in 275 mm 5 51 Ibs 2 5 Kg 50 VA max 110 V 220 V 100 V to 240 VAC 10 50 60 Hz 47 Hz to 63 Hz 32 F to 122 F 0 C to 50 C 22 F to 160 F 30 C to 71 C 90 RH 32 F to 86 F 0 C to 30 C According to EN55011 class B for radiated and conducted emissions According to EN55082 A
139. u have the Remote Mode of 2730A set to RS 232C and the baud rate configured correctly The baud rate is the bit rate during the transmission of a word in bits per second The baud rates of two interfaced devices must be the same The instrument can be set to different baud rates from 1 2 to 115k 1200 2400 4800 9600 19 200 38 400 57 600 and 115 000 Make sure the baud rate of the 2730A matches that of the PC The baud rate of the 2730A can be accessed by pressing UTIL gt RS232 and then adjusting the dial until the required baud is displayed Hit ENTER to activate the new baud setting The instrument uses 8 data bits 1 stop bit and no parity TEGAM Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing RS 232C Programming Data signals over the RS 232C use a voltage of 3 V to 25 V to represent a zero called a space and a voltage of 3V to 25V to represent a one called a mark Handshake and control lines use 3 V to 25 V to indicate a true condition and 3 V to 25 V to indicate a false condition When no data is being transmitted the idle state of the data lines will be the mark state To transmit a byte the transmitting device first sends a start bit to synchronize the receiver RS 232C Operation The RS 232C standard is not very specific about many of the handshaking signals and it is therefore usually necessary to refer to the manuals for both of the devices being connected to determine th
140. ubsystem The Arbitrary subsystem is not part of the SCPI standard It was developed to suit the needs of the instrument Within this subsystem are found commands to 1 control the point rate start address wavelength marker address and synchronization pulse address 2 set values of the arbitrary waveform either discretely or using predefined copy or draw functions 3 protect an area of waveform memory 4 set the state of the automatic update and increment features 5 update the waveform Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing The following shows the structure of the ARBitrary subsystem ARBitrary PRATe numeric value ADDRess numeric value DATA numeric value arbitrary block DRAW numeric value numeric value CLEar numeric value gt lt numeric value COPY NRf NRf NRf PROTect RANGe lt numeric value gt lt numeric value gt STATe lt Boolean gt PREDefined lt shape gt lt start address gt lt length gt lt scale gt STARt numeric value LENGth numeric value MARKer ADDRess numeric value STATe Boolean LENGth numeric value SAVe Point Execution Rate ARBitrary PRATe lt point rate gt This command is used to set the point execution rate It is coupled with the frequency of the waveform by the relation Frequency 1 Point Rate Wavelength Thus changing the point rate will result in a chang
141. unctions implemented in the AWG are security GPIB address changing error queue reading SCPI version reading and power on buffer setting not SCPI defined The command structure is as follows 5 68 SYSTem COMMunicate GPIB ADDRess lt numeric value gt ERRor VERSion SECurity STATe lt Boolean gt POBuffer lt numeric value gt GPIB Address Change SYSTem COMMunicate GPIB ADDRess This command is used to set the GPIB address Arguments Type Numeric Range 0 to 31 Rounding to integer value Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax SYSTem COMMunicate GPIB ADDRess ws address MINimum MAXimum Example SYST COMM GPIB ADDR 20 Query Syntax SYSTem COMMunicate GPIB ADDRess ws MINimum MAXimum Response address in NR1 format Considerations 1 Setting the address to 31 puts the instrument in the off bus state 2 Using the MAX option sets the address to 30 not 31 Default Power on is address 9 Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Error Queue Reading SYSTem ERRor This query returns the first entry in the error queue and removes that entry from the queue It s function is identical to that of the STATus QUEue NEXT query Command Type Query only Query Syntax SYSTem ERRor Response lt Error number gt lt error description gt SCPI Version SYSTem VERSion This query is used to read the SCPI version to wh
142. utput connector provides a positive TTL level pulse at its output when the 2730A is in the arbitrary waveform mode The beginning address location and the length of the marker pulse is defined by the user The output of this connector may be enabled or disabled by the user The marker output signal is disabled when the 2730A is in standard waveform mode operating as a function generator or when the marker is assigned an inactive address Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing RS 232C Programming General 5 6 For RS 232C interface to a PC use a 9 pin female to 9 pin female cable The cable should be of a null modem type and should be wired as follows Figure 5 1 Cable End View Table 5 1 Pin Designations for RS 232C Cable 9 PIN 9 PIN S pRI 9 No Connection 7 RS 232C specifies the electrical characteristics and pin configurations used for connecting data terminal equipment DTE to data communication equipment DCE Data terminal equipment includes devices such as terminals computers or printers that are the final destination for data Data communication equipment is usually a modem or other device that converts the data to another form and passes it through The instrument can be configured only as a DCE so in most cases it can be connected with a null modem to a computer but would require special cabling to connect to another DCE device Be sure that yo
143. veform Generator Description Instrument Model 2730A Accessories 2701 Single Unit Rack Mount Kit Fits most standard 19 racks Mounting hardware included 2702 Dual Unit Rack Mount Kit Fits most standard 19 racks Mounting hardware included CBL 3102 BNC Cable 3 ft BNC cable used for general purpose I O connections He BNC 3285 BNC F M F BNC Tee Connector Used for splitting 50 BNC type connections used for trigger main output modulation and sync I O s 2 S I 1583 3 3ft Heavy Duty GPIB Cable 1583 6 6ft Heavy Duty GPIB Cable 1583 9 9ft Heavy Duty GPIB Cable NO PHOTO AVAILABLE 2730A 901 01 2730A User s Manual Printed Version 1000030 840 01 2730A User s Manual WaveWorks DDS Wave Creation Software LabVI EW Drivers Included Accessories 740565 6 6 ft RS 232C Cable DB9 to DB9 F F RS 232C null modem cable for 2730 2725 and 2730 function arbitrary waveform generators Included Accessory 161006600 Power Cord for 120 VAC Operation Contact TEGAM for alternate voltages Included Accessory 1000001 USB to RS232 Converter Allows serial communications between the RS232 interface or the 2725 and the USB port of the pc Kit includes software driver for Windows 98SE ME 2000 XP Mac 8 6 9 10 and Linux 2 4 and higher Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Instrument Description Performance Specifications Frequency Charac
144. veform memory The memory is the set to the value zero Arguments Type Numeric Numeric Range 1 to 4 000 000 Rounding to integer value Command Type Setting only Setting Syntax ARBitrary CLEar ws start address end address gt Examples ARB CLE 1 1000 Considerations 1 The clear range cannot overlap with protected memory 2 The end address must be greater than the start address TEGAM Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Copy ARBitrary COPY start address length destination address gt This command is used to copy a section of the waveform to a different location in waveform memory Arguments Type NRf Range 1 to 4 000 000 Rounding to integer value Command Type Setting only Setting Syntax ARBitrary COPY ws start length destination Example ARB COPY 1 1000 1001 Considerations 1 The destination range cannot overlap with protected memory 2 The destination range cannot overlap with the source range 3 The destination end address may not exceed the maximum address Destination address Length 1 lt 3 999 999 Memory Protection Range ARBitrary PROTect RANGe start address end address gt This command is used to define a range of arbitrary waveform memory to be write protected The protection is effective only if the PROTect STATe is ON Arguments Type Numeric Numeric Range 1 to 4 000
145. vice power Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Interface Function Subsets The following interface function subsets are implemented in the Model 2730A SH1 AH1 T6 L4 SR1 RL1 PPO DC1 DT1 E2 CO Device Address The GPIB address of the 2730A may be set to any value from 0 to 31 The address may be changed from the front panel using the numeric keypad or the rotary encoder or via the GPIB itself using the command SYSTem COMMunicate GPIB ADDRess Setting the device to address 31 puts it in the off bus state In this state it will not respond to messages on the GPIB If the device is in the REMS when set to address 31 an internal return to local command will be given setting the device to the LOCS If the device is in the RWLS the return to local command is ignored and the device remains in the RWLS The only way to then re establish communication with the device over the GPIB is to cycle the power and to then change the address to that required from the front panel Message Exchange Protocol MEP The 2730A decodes messages using the Message Exchange Protocol defined in IEEE 488 2 The following functions implemented in the MEP must be considered The Input Buffer The device has a 256 byte long cyclic input buffer Decoding of remote messages is begun as soon as the input buffer is not empty that is as soon as the controller has sent at least one byte to the devic
146. waveform generator setting to the generator Ref In Out Connector When the 2730A is in External Reference Mode this connector is used as an input for an externally generated 10 MHz signal In the Internal Reference Mode the input becomes a 10 MHz output Rear Panel Output Connectors The rear panel has two output BNC connectors MARKER OUT and REF OUT 4 6 Marker Output Connector This connector outputs a positive TTL marker pulse when the 2730A is in arbitrary waveform mode The marker position and width can be programmed by the user and is relative to the data points in the arbitrary waveform memory The output is disabled when the 2730A is in function generator mode or when an inactive address is defined Ref In Out Connector When the 2730A is in External Reference Mode this connector is used as an input for an externally generated 10 MHz signal In the Internal Reference Mode the input becomes a 10 MHz output Model 2730A 50 MHz Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Operating I nstructions MENU Keys These keys select the main menus for displaying or changing a parameter function or mode Figure 4 3 PARAM PARAMeter Menu Tree PARAM FREQ AMPL UNITS INTREF RATE OFST lt SELECT gt EXTREF lt VALUE gt lt VALUE gt lt SELECT gt PARAM PARAMeter Menu Pressing this key displays the basic function or arbitrary waveform data which includes frequency amplitude offset and int ext reference cloc
147. wer on and the range of errors enabled is as set by the STATus PRESet command ie 440 to 100 If PSC is cleared the status is not cleared on power on and the errors and events enabled are those that were enabled before the last power down Type Expression The expression data takes the form NRf event range NRf event range where NRf represents an error number Entries are rounded to integer values An event range is defined as NRf NRf The first number in a range MUST be less than the second Up to 6 ranges may be specified using one ENABle command representing the 6 ranges of errors events The ranges are then separated from each other by Program Data Separators comma The entire expression must be enclosed in parentheses Command Type Setting or Query Setting Syntax STATus QUEue ENABle ws expression Example STAT QUE ENAB 440 410 258 220 402 110 Query Syntax STATus QUEue ENABle Response NRf event range 4 NRf event range 7 TEGAM Model 2730A Function Arbitrary Waveform Generator Programming and Interfacing Questionable Status The Questionable status data structure is used to alert the user to instrument conditions that affect the signal quality Two types of conditions are defined These are 1 Frequency Trigger rate conflict 2 Output overload condition Each condition is reported separately for each channel Thus a total of four conditions m

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