Home

AbioCard

1. User Interface The Interface Panel Mark Description 1 Click to select local I O with the AbioCard 2 Click to select network I O with the AbioCard 3 For network I O you ve to enter the host here The application accepts three representations An IPv4 address The word localhost It s interpreted as IPv4 address 127 0 0 1 A domain name Upon connection the application will perform a DNS look up to determine the corresponding IPv4 address User Manual 19 QK AbioCard ESS AYVIBIC be For network I O you ve to enter the port number here Click the Connect button to connect with the AbioCard Click the Disconnect button to disconnect from the AbioCard N OUO Status information is displayed here The I O Expander Panel DIRECTION 8 1 1 1 bi boii 1 1016 HHAeee ee HHAeee ee READ 8 1 WRITE 8 1 Description Click the buttons to toggle the direction of the I O channel State of the I O lines For I O channels with output direction click to toggle the output state The Real time Clock Panel 2012 08 15 02 25 04 2012 08 15 02 26 03 v Auto J Battery ok Mark Description 1 Click the Copy button to copy the system time to the edit fields for data and time The system time is displayed next to the Copy button 2 Click the Set button to write the date and time in the edit fields to the Abi
2. Analog input 1 Analog input 2 Analog input 3 Analog input 4 Analog input 5 Analog input 6 Analog input 7 GND 5 V output O ON WD Ww HRI WN a O Connector K5 exposes the 8 analog input pins of the MAX11614 This chip offers a variety of settings for using the analog inputs Refer to the MAX11614 datasheet for more information LED Driver Connector K3 Description LED driver pin LED8 LED driver pin LED9 LED driver pin LED10 EANN LED driver pin LED11 ik LED driver pin LED12 i gt ta Pa LED driver pin LED13 Wals id eit Ae ten i LED driver pin LED14 LED driver pin LED15 GND 5 V output 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a O Connector K3 exposes the last eight LED outputs of the LED driver User Manual 9 AbioCard 72S AVISE be LED Driver Connector K2 Description LED driver pin LEDO LED driver pin LED1 LED driver pin LED2 LED driver pin LED3 LED driver pin LED4 LED driver pin LED5 LED driver pin LED6 LED driver pin LED7 GND 5 V output 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a O Connector K2 exposes the first eight LED outputs of the LED driver 10 User Manual l re AbioCard ESS A WIDE be 5 I2C Bus Slave Addresses The I2C bus on the AbioCard interconnects your BCM2835 based computer with a set of I2C slave devices Each slave device responds to one or more I2C addresses The slave ad
3. Run the abiocardtime program daily Start the abiocardserver program at reboot port 5678 timeout 20 seconds 28 User Manual l re AbioCard ESS A WIDE be The installation script will install the programs in directory opt abiocard To set the date and time of the real time clock and your operating system run the following command with the correct date and time set with the s parameter opt abiocard abiocardtime u s 2012 08 18 20 24 48 Package abiocardgul Linux Unpack the abiocardgul package in a local directory in your home directory Be sure you pick the distribution that corresponds with your operating system Run the install sh script in the context of your user account to install the abiocardgul program in Linux Be sure to run the installation script from the command line rather than the file manager The script will sudo and as such the system may ask for the root password The installation script will install the files in directory opt abiocardgul The installation script will add a icon on your desktop by placing a desktop file in the Desktop directory in your home directory This feature works only if your window manager is compliant with the Desktop Entry Specification by the freedesktop org organization Windows Unpack the abiocardgul package for Win32 in a local directory on your system Execute abiocardgui exe to run the application You may create a shortcut to the executable file on your de
4. AbioCard ESS xiz be Bill of Materials Description Transparent acrylic top panel Black acrylic bottom panel Transparent acrylic side panel audio video Transparent acrylic side panel HDMI Translucent acrylic side panel LAN USB Translucent acrylic side panel USB Micro B Rubber feet M3 hex screws top side M3 countersunk hex screws bottom side a N if Spacers i AN J j j Wee AON A N NA Assembly Instructions 1 Remove the protective films from the acrylic panels 2 Mount the AbioCard on the BCM2835 based computer as described earlier 3 Mount the side panels 3 4 5 6 around the combo A Place the assembly on the bottom panel 2 Make sure the air vents are closest to the LAN and USB panel 5 Mount the top panel 1 on top of the assembly Ul 6 Insert a spacer 10 in each corner between the top panel and the bottom panel Drive an M3 hex screw 8 at the top and an M3 countersunk hex screw 9 at the bottom DO NOT exert too much force when tightening the screws 7 Stick a rubber foot on each M3 countersunk hex screw 9 on the bottom panel 6 User Manual AbioCard See ezemiS 4 Interfacing Board Overview APESE i yy Ui n e ENC IY ISNS Description PCF8574 general purpose I O connector PCF2129A timestamp input MAX11614 analog inputs connector PCA9635 LED driver pins LED8 LED15 conne
5. Includes abiocard_ data h abiocard data h Public header with only data declarations platform h Platform specific declarations Distribution Packages Package abiocard The abiocard package contains the software that is essential for working with the AbioCard The package contains two executables abiocardserver and abiocardtime Their build target is armv6l armel they run on armv 6l armhf as well These executable files are included for in case your system doesn t have the GCC tool chain abiocard tar gz gt abiocard p abiocard c Module abiocard abiocard h abiocard data h apiocard test lC AbioCard test 1 An example program how to use the abiocard module abiocard test 1 mk abiocardserver AbioCard server binary armv6l armel abilocardserver c abiocardserver mk abiocardtime AbioCard time binary armv6l armel abiocardtime c abiocardtime mk bem2839 devectsc Module bcm2835_ detect bemz335 devecush Installs Installation script You ve to run the install sh script in the context of your user account not the root account except when you re installing as the root user Leta Toot sm gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt plartorm Platform specific declarations 26 User Manual Co Package abiocardgul The abiocardgul package is supplied for various operating syst
6. NPN bipolar transistor The maximum load current depends on the type of transistor User Manual 33 34 AbioCard PWM Outputs with ULN2803 Driver ULN28 3 In this example all eight outputs are connected to a ULN2803 driver Since the LED driver chip can source enough current to drive the ULN2803 pull up resistors are not required User Manual AbioCard Sa eo Disclaimer Axiris products are not designed authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in space nautical space military medical life critical or safety critical devices or equipment Axiris products are not designed authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in applications where failure or malfunction of an Axiris product can result in personal injury death property damage or environmental damage Axiris accepts no liability for inclusion or use of Axiris products in such applications and such inclusion or use is at the customer s own risk Should the customer use Axiris products for such application the customer shall indemnify and hold Axiris harmless against all claims and damages 9 Contact Information Official website http www axiris be User Manual 35
7. acquire the lock file so only one software instance as access to the AbioCard It maps the required registers of the BCM2835 in memory and initializes the corresponding hardware components on the application processor It probes for the presence of the various chips on the AbioCard At least one chip must be present else initialization fails It initializes the LED driver chip and analog to digital converter chip When the function returns one the initialization was successful and the other functions can be called safely When the function returns zero there was an error In this case all other functions except for abiocard deinit mustn t be called The io gt err field will contain the error code VOID abiocard deinit VOID Deinitializes the module A program must call this function when it s done using the 24 User Manual re AbioCard ESS A WIDE b module This functions may be called multiple times This function may be called before and after invoking abiocard init FLAG abiocard ioexp write U8 word Writes the given 8 bit value to the I O pins of the I O expander chip Returns one when successful zero when something went wrong FLAG abiocard ioexp_read U8 word Reads the I O pins of the I O expander chip and writes the resulting 8 bit value at the address pointed to by word Returns one when successful zero when something went wrong FLAG abiocard rtc poll ABIOCARD RTC POLL INFO info Polls
8. gt End of line marker LF 10 lt none gt No response CR Clock Read CR lt EOL gt CRYYMMDDhhmms spb lt LF gt YY The year 00 99 decimal meaning year 2000 2099 MM The month 01 12 decimal meaning January December DD The day 01 31 decimal hh The hour 00 23 decimal mm The minute 00 59 decimal ss The second 00 59 decimal p The power up detected flag 0 No power up detected date and time fields are valid 1 Power up detected date and time fields are invalid The battery low flag either O or 1 This command reads polls the real time clock The date and time field are valid only when no power up is detected To clear the power up detected state data and time must be set by sending a CW command The battery is deemed low when either the battery is running out or when there s no battery at all User Manual 15 l re AbioCard ESS A WIDE be CW Clock Write CWY YMMDDhhmms s lt EOL gt YY The year 00 99 decimal meaning year 2000 2099 MM The month 01 12 decimal meaning January December DD The day 01 31 decimal hh The hour 00 23 decimal mm The minute 00 59 decimal ss The second 00 59 decimal lt none gt This command writes the date and time to the real time clock If successful the power up detected state will be cleared AR ADC Read AR lt
9. the real time clock The results are written to the buffer pointed to by info Returns one when successful zero when something went wrong FLAG abiocard rtc set time ABIOCARD RTC TIME time Sets the given date and time in the real time clock Returns one when successful zero when something went wrong FLAG abiocard pwm write range U8 buf U8 start U8 cnt Writes a range of values to the LED driver chip The values are written to indexes numbered O to 16 Parameter start is the first index parameter cnt the number of values to write Parameter buf points to the source buffer Indexes O to 15 correspond with registers PWMO to PWM15 index 16 with register GRPPWM in the LED driver chip Returns one when successful zero when something went wrong FLAG abiocard pwm read range U8 buf U8 start U8 cnt Reads a range of values from the LED driver chip The values are read from indexes numbered O to 16 See function abiocard pwm write range for a description of the meaning of the indexes Returns one when successful zero when something went wrong FLAG abiocard adc convert ABIOCARD ADC CNV DATA buf Converts all analog inputs and stores the resulting values in the buffer pointed to by buf User Manual 25 QK AbioCard 02S AYVIBIC be Returns one when successful zero when something went wrong Source Filename Description abiocard c Implementation of the module abiocard h Public header of the module
10. 2803 Driver 32 LED driver 33 Basic PWM Output for Driving a LED 33 PWM Output with MOSFET Transistor 33 PWM Output with Bipolar Transistor 53 PWM Outputs with ULN2803 Driver 34 8 Disclaimer 35 9 Contact Information 35 Revision History Date Authors Description 2012 08 20 Peter S heeren Initial release User Manual 3 AS AbioCard Sa gt 3 me H O D 1 Features Battery backed up real time clock and calendar with integrated temperature compensated crystal oscillator and a 32 768 kHz quartz crystal 8 general purpose quasi bidirectional I O lines 5 V levels LED driver providing 16 pulse width modulation PWM output channels 5 V levels 97 kHz with LED drive capability 10mA source 25mA sink Low power 12 bit 8 channel analog to digital converter chip featuring internal track hold voltage reference and clock Polyfuse on the 5V line for preventing damage to the computer Compact footprint due to the use of SMD components Free software Applications include Home automation domotics Industrial automation Multimedia ambient effect audio spectrum display RGB LED control Educational purposes 2 Technical Specifications Dimensions 55 mm x 40 mm x 18 mm W x D x H Weight 16 g without battery RTC backup power 10 years 4 User Manual AS AbioCard Sa G 3 W O D 3 Installation AbioCard First of all place a
11. CR2032 battery in the battery holder on the backside of the AbioCard Note that when no battery is present the AbioCard will work except the real time clock won t keep the time when the system is powered down The AbioCard has a 2x13 pin female header that fits perfectly on _ your BCM2835 based computer Be sure you connect the AbioCard in such a way it hovers over the computer as shown in the picture to the right Ls Q v a S Aie a g 4 F d _ z gt F Tun a 4 e S lt ET a Coprererspvennenney te a 58 pen gt ed e er YIII A P vo u ww we SE x a i 1 e eS Lees 5 3 P yi by a A dedicated enclosure for the combo is available If you prefer not to use the dedicated enclosure it s recommended to mount the spacer that came with the AbioCard between the AbioCard and the computer The AbioCard provides a drill hole for this purpose Use the included nylon washers to adjust for the optimal height Whether you use the enclosure or the spacer it s important the AbioCard s backside can t touch the computer directly When mounting you ve to prevent the AbioCard s lithium battery from touching components on the computer PCB Enclosure An enclosure specifically designed for the combo is available The enclosure comes with holes on top for connecting 2x5 pin female headers You can use ribbon cable connectors for this purpose User Manual 5 l Q
12. CS 2 215 be AbioCard I O Card for BCM2835 based computer User Manual August 2012 AbioCard Table of Contents 1 Features 2 Technical Specifications 3 Installation AbioCard Enclosure Bill of Materials Assembly Instructions 4 Interfacing Board Overview General Purpose I O Connector K4 Timestamp Input K6 Analog Inputs Connector K5 LED Driver Connector K3 LED Driver Connector K2 5 I2C Bus Slave Addresses Real time Clock 8 bit I O Expander Analog to Digital Converter LED Driver 6 Software Program abiocardtime Command Line Source Program abiocardserver Command Line Protocol Source Program abiocardguli User Interface Command Line Module bcm2835_ detect API Source Module abiocard Hardware Configuration API nau uN UI VO O ONN 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 13 13 13 14 14 14 18 19 19 22 23 23 23 23 23 24 User Manual l re AbioCard 72S A WIDE be Source 26 Distribution Packages 26 Package abiocard 26 Package abiocardgui 27 Installation 28 Package abiocard 28 Package abiocardgui 29 Software License 29 Package abiocard 29 Program abiocardgui 29 7 Application Examples 30 8 bit I O Expander 30 Basic Input 30 Optically Isolated Input 30 Basic LED Drive Output 30 Output with MOSFET Transistor 31 Output with Bipolar Transistor 31 Optically Isolated Output low side switch 31 Optically Isolated Output high side switch 32 Outputs with ULN
13. EOL gt ARVOOVOLVO2ZVO03V04V05V0 6V07 lt LE gt V00 Converted value of analog input 0 000 FFF hexadecimal VO1l Converted value of analog input 1 000 FFF hexadecimal Converted value of analog input 2 000 FFF hexadecimal Converted value of analog input 3 000 FFF hexadecimal Converted value of analog input 4 000 FFF hexadecimal Converted value of analog input 5 000 FFF hexadecimal Converted value of analog input 6 000 FFF hexadecimal Converted value of analog input 7 000 FFF hexadecimal This command converts all eight analog inputs and responds with the values ER I O Expander Read ER lt EOL gt ERXX lt LF gt XX 8 bit value read from the I O expander inputs 00 FF hexadecimal This command reads the state of the inputs of the I O expander chip and responds with the resulting value 16 User Manual l re AbioCard ESS A WIDE be EW I O Expander Write EWXX lt EOL gt XX 8 bit value to write to the I O expander outputs 00 FF hexadecimal lt none gt This command writes the 8 bit value to the outputs of the I O expander PR PWM Read PRSSCC lt EOL gt SS Start index 00 10 hexadecimal CC Count 01 11 hexadecimal PRSSCC XX lt LF gt SS Start index 00 10 hexadecimal CC Count 01 11 hexadecimal Array of register values 00 FF hexadecimal The count field indicates the
14. ablocardgul AbioCard GUI binary x86_64 abiocardgui cfg Configuration file ablocardgui desktop Desktop file compliant with the Desktop Entry Specification by the freedesktop org organization abiocardgui ico Icon file displayed on your desktop DejaVuSans ttf Font file FreeMonoBold otf Font file install sh Installation script You ve to run the install sh script in the context of your user account not the root account except when you re installing as the root user install root sh LI DELEST YDS 5502 6 FreeType library abiocardgui win32 abiocardgui win32 zip gt gt abiocardgui win32 gt abiocardgui exe AbioCard GUI binary Win32 abiocardgui cfg Configuration file DejaVuSans ttf Font file freetypeo dll FreeType library valle og me MERE Zip library gt gt gt FreeMonoBold otf Font file gt gt Installation Package abiocard Unpack the abiocard package in a local directory in your home directory on your BCM2835 based computer Run the tnstall sh script in the context of your user account to install the abiocard group of programs in Linux Be sure to run the installation script from the command line rather than the file manager The script will sudo and as such the system may ask for the root password The installation script will add three lines to the cron table of the root user Run the abiocardtime program at reboot
15. al date and time in the real time clock first You can use the abiocardgui program for this purpose or run the abiocardtime program at the command prompt with the s parameter The program is expected to run once during Linux startup Once Linux is running it s recommended to execute the program periodically in order to keep the operating system s software clock in line with the more accurate real time clock on the AbioCard Command Line Parameter Description S STRING Set date and time in the RTC Example STRING 2012 08 18 20 24 48 Update the system time using the RTC Poll the RTC and print When multiple commands are specified they re executed in the following order S STRING gt u gt p Example execution of the program as root Command entered in the program s own directory abiocardtime u Source Filename Description bcm2835_detect c Module bcm2835_detect bcm2835_detect h abiocard c Module abiocard abiocard h abiocard data h abiocardtime c The abiocardtime program platform h Platform specific declarations abiocardtime mk Makefile for the abiocardtime program To build the program make f abiocardtime mk User Manual 13 l re AbioCard ESS A WIDE be To clean up the intermediate build files make f abiocardtime mk clean Program abiocardserver This server program runs exclusively on a BCM2835 based computer and needs roo
16. ctor PCA9635 LED driver pins LEDO LED7 connector RTC backup power battery 3 V type CR2032 11 GPIO female connector 1 The battery is not included with the product User Manual 7 Q AbioCard CSS ast S be General Purpose I O Connector K4 Description I O channel 0 I O channel 1 I O channel 2 I O channel 3 I O channel 4 I O channel 5 I O channel 6 I O channel 7 GND 5 V output O ODN ADI WU HRI WN a O The I O channels are quasi bidirectional The direction is determined by the software When used as input software must set the output pin to HIGH When used as output software writes any value to the pin IMPORTANT The AbioCard doesn t incorporate pull up resistors on the I O pins of the PCF8574 If you intend to use an I O channel as output and you want to read back the current output logic level then it is recommended to connect an appropriate pull up resistor to the pin else software may read back logic zero rather than the actual state especially when current is drawn from the pin Refer to the PCF8574 datasheet for more information Timestamp Input K6 Description PCF2129A TS input GND 1 2 K6 Refer to the PCF2129A datasheet for more information about the timestamp functionality 8 User Manual AbioCard 02S a mp myn i O gp Analog Inputs Connector K5 Description a Analog input 0
17. d subset of the AbioCard s capabilities through its API The programs abiocardserver and abiocardgul support the same subset User Manual 23 Cx AbioCard 02S A IRIS be Chip Supported subset Real time clock Power up detection during polling Low battery detection during polling Current time and date function 24 hour mode only weekday not used 8 bit I O expander Not configurable LED driver All LED outputs programmable All LED groups under dimming control no blinking Software handling of dimming value When GRPPWM is 0 254 all LED group are set to mode 3 When GRPPWM is 255 all LED group are set to mode 2 INVRT 1 Output logic state inverted OUTDRV 1 Totem pole structure DMBLNK 0 Group control is dimming OCH 0 Outputs change on I2C STOP command OUTNE 1 0 10b When OE is high LED outputs are high impedance Note that OE is hardwired to ground Analog to digital Unipolar sampling values are 12 bit unsigned 0 4095 converter Single ended use of the analog inputs All 8 analog inputs are converted in one command Using internal clock Using internal voltage reference 4 096V API The API support the hardware configuration described in the previous chapter Each function in the API is briefly explained Refer to the source code for more details FLAG abiocard init ABIOCARD INIT IO io Initializes the module This function performs the following tasks It tries to
18. dresses are Address Slave Device 1010001b PCF2129A real time clock 0100111b PCF8574 8 bit I O expander 0110011b MAX11614 analog to digital converter 0001000b PCA9635 LED driver 1110000b PCA9635 all devices LED All Call address 0000011b PCA9635 all devices SWRST software reset Real time Clock The PCF2129A is a real time clock and calendar with an integrated temperature compensated crystal oscillator and a 32 768 kHz quartz crystal The PCF2129A has a backup battery switch over circuit a programmable watchdog function a timestamp function and many other features The board has a holder for a CR2032 battery that functions as backup power for the PCF2129A 8 bit I O Expander The PCF8574 is an 8 bit I O expander The outputs feature a high current drive capable of directly driving LEDs The I O channels are quasi bidirectional Refer to the PCF8574 datasheet for more information Analog to Digital Converter The Maxim MAX11614EEE is a low power 12 bit 8 channel analog to digital converter chip featuring internal track hold T H voltage reference and clock LED Driver The PCA9635 is a LED driver optimized for red green blue amber RGBA color mixing applications User Manual 11 l re AbioCard ESS A WIDE be 6 Software The AbioCard comes with a number of software programs that run on your BCM2835 based computer with Linux for ARM installed The abiocardgui program runs on other co
19. ems abiocardgui linux armv6l abiocardgui linux armv6l tar gz gt gt abiocardgui linux armvol abiocardgui AbioCard GUI binary armv 6l armel abiocardgui cfg Configuration file abiocardgui desktop Desktop file compliant with the Desktop Entry Specification by the freedesktop org organization abiocardgui ico Icon file displayed on your desktop DejaVuSans ttf Font file FreeMonoBold otf Font file Install sh Installation script You ve to run the install sh script in the context of your user account not the root account except instal 2oot an ee when you re installing as the root user LI pireet ype s020 FreeType library gt ebiocardgui linux 1656 abiocardgui AbioCard GUI binary i686 abiocardgui cfg Configuration file ablocardgui desktop Desktop file compliant with the Desktop Entry Specification by the freedesktop org organization abilocardgul ico Icon file displayed on your desktop DejaVuSans ttf Font file FreeMonoBold otf Font file Install sh Installation script You ve to run the install sh script in the context of your user account not the root account except when you re installing as the root user instali root sh LIDETeSt De S0 FreeType library User Manual 27 x AbioCard ESS AYVIBIC be abiocardgui linux x86_ 64 abiocardgui linux x86 64 tar gz gt abilocardgui linux x86 64
20. gisters directly from user mode using memory mapped I O Running these programs on a system other than a BCM2835 based computer will lead to unpredictable results unless they re aware of the presence or non presence of the expected hardware To guarantee such problems won t occur the programs incorporate the bcm2835_detect module They will first detect the BCM2835 hardware before they make any attempt to access the AbioCard API Each function in the API is briefly explained Refer to the source code for more details FLAG bem2835 detect FLAG res detected Runs the detection procedure Returns one if the detection procedure was executed successfully zero elsewise If successful the res detected field reflects the actual result of the detection Field res detected will be set to one if a BCM2835 based computer is detected zero if not Source Filename Description bem2835_detect c Implementation of the module bem2835_detect h Public header of the module platform h Platform specific declarations Module abiocard The abiocard module offers an API in C for communicating with the AbioCard from your own program The abiocard module needs to run with root permissions thus in the context of the root If not the initialisation function will return an error code Hardware Configuration The chips on the AbioCard offer many features and configurations To keep the software simple the abiocard module offers a broa
21. iocard h abiocard data h abiocardserver c The abiocardserver program platform h Platform specific declarations abiocardserver mk Makefile for the abiocardserver program To build the program make f abiocardserver mk To clean up the intermediate build files make f abiocardserver mk clean 18 User Manual AbioCard See A WIGIE be Program abliocardguli The abiocardgui program is a eens Local Network 192 168 1 100 graphical front end application that visualizes the state of the m N Connected to 192 168 1 100 5678 AbioCard and allows the user to PRETTON 6 1 1 1 I 1 1 11 READ 8 1 D A A A A A A A interact with the AbioCard ji aren 2 2 WRITE 8 1 E A A A A A A A pe The program runs on a variety of gees 2012 08715 02 25 04 a systems including Linux for x86 5 and ARM and Windows 2000 and 2012 08 15 02 26 03 Auto late r Battery ok When the program runs locally on your BCM2835 based computer it can directly communicate with the AbioCard The program is capable of connecting to the abiocardserver program over a network This mode allows you to inspect and control the AbioCard remotely thus from another computer IVIIVBIIIIVIIMIIMNIMIMIIMIMIIYIY 4 a a 4 4 a a a a a 4 a a a a amp
22. is recommended over this example circuit Optically Isolated Output low side switch This example shows an optically isolated output low side switch The optocoupler used in this example is able to switch 125 mA maximum at 300 V maximum SFH619A User Manual 31 AbioCard Optically Isolated Output high side switch 5U SFH6139A As RL G D2 This example shows an optically isolated output high side switch Outputs with ULN2803 Driver In this example all eight output are connected to a ULN2803 driver The I O expander chip can only source 100 uA per output The pull up resistors are required to reliably drive the inputs on the ULN2803 32 User Manual or AbioCard ESS Aeris S be LED driver Basic PWM Output for Driving a LED This example circuit shows how to control the intensity of a LED using an output of the LED driver The maximum LED current mustn t exceed 10 mA PWM Output with MOSFET Transistor This example circuit shows how to switch a load using an enhancement mode N channel MOSFET It s important to use a logic level MOSFET that switches on reliably at 5 V gate voltage Example MOSFETs include 2N7000 IRL520 IRFD220 BTS141 The maximum load current and load voltage depend on the type of MOSFET It s not recommended to connect inductive loads PWM Output with Bipolar Transistor This example circuit shows how to control the intensity of a LED using an
23. mputer systems and operating systems IMPORTANT The programs that run on your BCM2835 based computer directly communicate with the AbioCard from user mode using the first serial controller BSCO on the BCM2835 application processor Therefore it is important that no I2C driver is loaded in the Linux operating system This document makes the following assumptions You ve installed Debian6 Linux or a derivative distribution on the SD card of your BCM2835 based computer You ve a personal log in that s not root You know how to run programs as root sudo command setuid access right flag You know how to log in as root log in prompt the su command This document describes commands entered at the command prompt When entering a command at the prompt of your personal log in the document uses the notation For example S sudo abiocardtime A command entered at the prompt of the root log in is written with the notation For example abiocardtime 12 User Manual l re AbioCard ESS A WIDE be Program abiocardtime This program runs exclusively on a BCM2835 based computer and needs root permissions It only runs for a very short time It reads the current date and time from the RTC on the AbioCard and updates the operating system s software clock accordingly The program can t set the operating system s software clock when the real time clock reports the power up detected state You ll need to set the actu
24. number of array elements This command reads registers in the LED driver Indexes O to 15 correspond with registers PWMO to PWM15 index 16 with register GRPPWM in the LED driver chip PW PWM Write PWSSCC XX lt EOL gt SS Start index 00 10 hexadecimal CC Count 01 11 hexadecimal XX Array of register values 00 FF hexadecimal The count field indicates the number of array elements lt none gt This command writes registers in the LED driver Indexes O to 15 correspond with registers PWMO to PWM15 index 16 with register GRPPWM in the LED driver chip User Manual 17 l re AbioCard ESS A WIDE be HI Hardware Information HI lt EOL gt HIXX lt LF gt XX Hardware presence bit mask 00 FF hexadecimal Bit 0 Real time clock is present yes no 1 0 Bit 1 I O expander is present yes no 1 0 Bit 2 Analog to digital converter is present yes no 1 0 Bit 3 LED driver is present yes no 1 0 Bit 4 7 Reserved 0 This command queries the hardware information gathered during initialization of the AbioCard QU Quit the server Command QU lt EOL gt Response lt none gt When the server receives this command it immediately closes the connection shuts down the port it s listening to and terminates Source Filename Description bem2835_ detect c Module bcm2835_detect bem2835 detect h abiocard c Module abiocard ab
25. oCard 20 User Manual Q AbioCard 02S A 2 5 be 3 Click the Poll button to force a clock read command with the AbioCard This button is useful when the Auto poll checkbox is unchecked The current system time 5 These edit fields enable you to enter a date and time which you can set in the AbioCard device using the Set button 6 The Auto poll checkbox let you decide whether the application automatically polls the real time clock 7 The information most recently read from the real time clock The Analog to Digital Converter Panel Mark Description 1 The state of the analog inputs User Manual 21 AbioCard The LED Driver Panel 2 1 nn 255 1 2 153 3 16l 4 i 4 167 5 143 6 114 7 105 8 134 9 161 10 179 4 e p 11 165 12 124 13 90 iq Caia p 14 42 15 0 0 16 Description The state of the PWMGRP register Slide the scrollbar to adjust the value The state of registers PWMO to PWM15 Slide a scrollbar to adjust the value Command Line Not applicable The program ignores the command line 22 User Manual l re AbioCard ESS A WIDE be Module bcm2835_detect The computer is built around the BCM2835 application processor The BCM2835 is a member of the BCM2708 family of microchips The bcm2835_detect module is designed to detect a BCM2835 based computer All programs that communicate with the AbioCard access the BCM2835 s hardware re
26. ption pn Specifies the port number the server must listen to Value n 1 65535 decimal This parameter is mandatory Time out value between two incoming characters Value n 5 65535 decimal seconds This parameter is optional The default value is 30 seconds Example execution of the server The server listens to port 5678 Time out value is set to 5 seconds Command entered in the program s own directory sudo abiocardserver p 5678 t 5 Protocol The server accepts commands and returns a response if defined The server never sends 14 User Manual l re AbioCard ESS A WIDE be a response autonomously it only responds to individual commands The server will only respond to a command when the command was correctly formatted was executed successfully and a response is defined Both commands and responses are composed of a string of ASCII characters concluded by an end of line character The server recognizes LF 10 and CR 13 as end of line marker A response from the server is always concluded with a LF 10 The following formatting is used in the description of the commands and responses Format Description CR Literal characters i e character C followed by character R ABC These characters containing specific information as explained ABC An array of these characters containing specific information as explained lt EOL gt End of line marker either LF 10 or CR 13 lt LF
27. sktop Software License Package abiocard The license is stated in the source text files Program abiocardgui The computer program abiocardguli is free of charge freeware It s allowed to copy or distribute the software providing that you do so with the distribution in its entirety as described in chapter Distribution It s forbidden to change the software or any other files that are part of the distribution It s forbidden to sell rent or profit from the distribution in its entirety or the software or any other files that are part of the distribution It s allowed to spread the distribution in a packaging format different from the packaging format provided by Ax iris User Manual 29 QK AbioCard 02S AYVIBIC be 7 Application Examples 8 bit I O Expander Basic Input This is a minimalistic circuit for using an input When the button is unpressed the input is internally pulled to 5 V and is read as HIGH When the button is pressed the input is pulled to ground and is read as LOW Software must set the I O pin to HIGH to use it as an input Optically Isolated Input 1N4148 GND In this example the input is optically isolated from the control circuit Software must set the I O pin to HIGH to use it as an input Basic LED Drive Output This example circuit shows an output driving a LED When the la output is LOW the LED will light up When the output is HIGH the LED is off IMPORTANT Yo
28. t permissions It offers a socket interface for communicating with the AbioCard over the network The server supports the hardware configuration implemented by the abiocard module The dearest client of the server is the abiocardgui program The server uses a simple protocol for accepting commands and generating responses in human readable format using the ASCII character set There s a timeout on incoming characters specified in seconds When the server doesn t receive any character for the specified time it ll close the connection with the client You can use a terminal program like Putty for sending commands manually to the server Be sure to specify a timeout value big enough so the server won t shut down your connection should you type too slow You may as well specify the maximum timeout value for the purpose of using a terminal program Since only one AbioCard can be plugged into your BCM2835 based computer the server will accept one incoming socket connection only The server is designed to run in the background When you require the permanent services of the program it s recommended to execute abiocardserver during Linux startup The server will only interact with the AbioCard when it has accepted an incoming connection As such it can safely be invoked alongside the abiocardtime program during Linux startup without the risk of interfering with the proper execution of the abiocardtime program Command Line Parameter Descri
29. u must choose the resistor value depending on the type of LED and the expected light intensity The LED mustn t draw more than 25 mA If multiple outputs are connected to LEDs as shown in the picture than the total current mustn t exceed 100 mA See the datasheet for more information 30 User Manual or AbioCard 02S AYVIBIC be Output with MOSFET Transistor This example circuit shows how to switch a load using an enhancement mode N channel MOSFET It s important to use a logic level MOSFET that switches on reliably at 5 V gate voltage Example MOSFETs include 2N7000 IRL520 IRFD220 BTS141 The maximum load current and load voltage depend on the type of MOSFET For inductive loads it s recommended to add a clamp diode as depicted Output with Bipolar Transistor This example circuit shows how to switch a load using an NPN bipolar transistor You can replace the NPN transistor with a NPN Darlington transistor to increase the current amplification The maximum load current and load voltage depend on the type of transistor For inductive loads it s recommended to add a clamp diode as depicted The maximum current sourced by the I O expander chip is 100 pA It s recommended to add an additional pull up resistor to increase the base current through the transistor The pull up resister also guarantees the I O expander correctly reads back a HIGH level when software sets the output HIGH The set up with the MOSFET

AbioCard

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents