- BIOMATH
Contents
1. Figure 44 Edit water use input data dialog 10 To edit the management file input data click on the mgt in the Select Input file section of Edit Subbasin Inputs dialog box A new dialog box Figure 45 will appear and display the management data editor This dialog has two tabs General Parameters and Operations In the first tab the user can modify the general parameters concerned with Initial Plant Growth General Management Urban Management Irrigation Management and Tile Darin Management In the second tab the user can arrange the detailed management options on the current HRU The management operations can be scheduled by Date or by Heat Units The settings of the management operations can also be extended to other HRUs that the user has defined R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu A vangriensven Ounesco ihe org 47 Edit Management Parameters S ESI EI General Parameters Operations Edit Management Parameters Ee E3 General Parameters Operations Initual Plant Growth Initial Land Cover LA INIT BIO INIT PHU_PLT No Crop Growing y o o o General Management BIOMIX CN2 USLE P 4 BID MIN FILTERW pz Me 35h FE fo Urban Management Urban Land Cover Irrigation Management Irrigation Source Urban Simulation Method No Urban Use y Subbasin FLOWMIN m 3 s DIVMAX mm 10 4 m3 FLOWFR Tile Drain Management DDRAIN mm 02. n m 0 amp E E i KI Basin O SwatlLandUseClass L Classes MM HERE EJ SHRB MA FRST MA weTT FRSD EI wETL NE uno MRFHC Wi RHC i warR necer i KI vi eo rus od Drawing v A amp Ll A v f8 LIN vi fro B ry Ac ew Jv a se Display 168251 67 10037 555 Meters Figure 22 Reclassified land use grid R Srinivasan r srinivasan tamu edu Texas A amp M University 21 Land Use Soils Slope Definition Step 2 Specify soils theme Land Use Data Soil Data Slope 1 Select the soils data layer by clicking on the open file folder button under Soil Grid in the Soil Data tab Figure 23 2 A Select Soils Data dialog box appears You have the option to Soils Grid al D SAA TwatershedyoridiLandSolsi Select Soil layer s from the Map or Load Soils dataset s from disk Select the Soil map from the disk and load it to the map A message box will indicate the successful loading of the soil grid theme 3 After loading the Soil file into the map choose the field which will be used as the index to define different soil types In this example the Value field is selected Click OK then a table titled SWAT Soil Classification Table will be created automatically by the interface The first column contains the unique values in the Grid Field chosen Eoaidin Takle En Anes E Sole RUSS above The second column
3. 1 To edit the subbasin input files select the Subbasins Data Edit Subbasin Inputs PII ES Select Input T able To Edit Select Subbasin HAU SWAT Input T able Subbasin Land Use l ENGE vi Sails Slope 1x633 0 6 1 5 option under the Edit Input menu Edit Subbasin Inputs dialog box will appear Figure 37 Edit Subbasin Inputs main dialog This dialog box contains the list of subbasins land uses soil types and slope levels within each subbasin and the input files corresponding to each subbasin land use soil slope combination To select an input file select the subbasin land use soil type and slope that you would like to edit When you Figure 37 Edit Subbasin Inputs main dialog select a subbasin the combo box of land uses soil types and slope levels will be activated in sequence Specify the subbasin land use soil combination of interest by selecting each category in the combo box 2 To edit the soil physical data click on the sol extension and select the subbasin number landuse type soil type and slope level Then the OK button is activated Click OK a new dialog box will appear Figure 38 Click the Edit Values button all the boxes are activated and the user can revise the default values R Srinivasan r srinivasan tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 41 3 The interface allows the user to save the revision of current sol file to other sol files Three options are available 1 exte
4. Linking stream ac Manually added Outlet 8 lt all other values Type Linking stream ac e Manually added C Reach Watershed a LongestPath i i a E i KI Basin C LandSlope LandSlope Slope E o 3 E 3 9999 SwatSoilClass LandS Classes mui iul Bun NU Umi8 MA Umi MA i410 i KI i KI i S Display Selection Drawing kl cd BAD fu LAS APLE e Aral x o sd BF u a A Figure 26 Slope grid theme reclassified by user defined criteria R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University hk OMS Be zi ee C 5 1151848 727 33549 228 Meters 26 Step 4 Overlay land use soil and DASWATWzoia mdb File Edit View Insert Selection Tools Window Help slope layers SWAT Project Setup Y Watershed Delineator Y HRU Analysis Write Input Tables Edit SWAT Input Y SWAT Simulation Y FAS tahax eo g laos vis f EFOR AQAKBDTEIGESE IkKOKM S When the land use soil and slope D ISWATINzola mdb layers have all been classified the 5 lj ArcHydro MonitoringPc OVERLAY button will be activated e al i Linking st Click this button all the three grid y e para Qutlet layers will be overlaid When the a Linking st overlay process is completed an e Manually Reach Info message box will appear Click TER la OK to proceed the delineation of LongestPath hydrologic
5. System Requirements The SWAT2005 ArcSWAT 1 0 Interface requires Hardware e Personal computer using a Pentium IV processor or higher which runs at 2 gigahertz or faster e 1 GB RAM minimum e 500 megabytes free memory on the hard drive for minimal installation and up to 1 25 gigabyte for a full installation including sample datasets and US STATSGO data Software ArcSWAT 1 0 for ArcGIS 9 1 version e Microsoft Windows XP or Windows 2000 operating system with most recent kernel patch e ArcGIS ArcView 9 1 with service pack 2 Build 766 e ArcGIS Spatial Analyst 9 1 extension e ArcGIS Developer Kit usually found in C Program Files ArcGIS DeveloperKit e ArcGIS DotNet support usually found in C Program FileslArcGISiDotNet e Microsoft Net Framework 1 1 e Adobe Acrobat Reader version 7 or higher Microsoft constantly updates the different versions of windows This interface was developed with the latest version of Windows and may not run with earlier versions Patches are available from Microsoft R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 59 Using the ArcSWAT Setup Wizard La After downloading the ArcSWAT program open the ArcSWAT Install 1 0 0 folder Click the i installation Follow the installation wizard instructions ie ArcSWAT ICI E SANGRE RE M Welcome to the The installer will guide you through the steps required to install AreSWAT on your computer WARNING T
6. 4 Formatted French France 4 f you wish to edit the point sources in another subbasin select it from the list in the Edit Point Source Inputs dialog box Click Exit to complete editing of point discharges database in all subbasins Step 3 Edit Inlet Dischargers Input Edit Inlet Inputs Aa 1 Select the Inlet Discharges option under the Edit Input Select Inlet Data Type Constant menu Constant Daily Loading 2 If there are any inlet dischargers in the project Edit Flow m3 Sediment fton Organic N kal Organic P kal Inlet Input dialog box with a list of subbasins containing fo fo fo Nitrate 03 kal Ammonia MH33 kg Nitrite H02 kg Mineral F ko inlet dischargers will appear Figure 36 p enn en 3 You will be able to modify the inlet input information CBOD kal Dissolved Oxygen kal Chlorophyll a ko Soluble Pesticide kal l o o o 0 using a procedure similar to editing the point Sorbed Pesticide kg Persistent bacteria t Less Persistent Bacteria RH Conservative Metal 1 kal dischargers database o o o 0 4 The dialog box allows the input of inlet discharge data in Conservative Metal 2 kg Conservative Metal 3 ka o o one of four formats constant daily loadings average Head bliss ddai Observed Loadings Input Files annual ioa Ings average mont y oa INQS an al y Average Annual Daily Loading File ad Bl loadings Choose a format by clicking the button next to ata Ft the f
7. SNAM KLAYERS HD GAP 5OL AM mm ANION ECL fraction SOL ERK m3 m3 TERTURE SIL U B Soil Layer Parameters Soil Layer E SOLZ mm SOL_BD g cms SOL_AWE mm nm fi ej 25 0 5 530L CBH 4 wt SUL K mm hr CLAN E wt 0 58 400 5 ROCK 3 wt SILT wit SAND 3 wt SUL ALB fraction LISLE K SUL ELE d5 m Figure 34 19 Edit soils database dialog A vangriensven Q unesco ihe org PSI ES Add New Cancel E dits Save Edits Delete 36 Note Moving the mouse pointer near an object text box radio button etc in any of the edit input dialog box will display a short description of the parameter contained in the object R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 37 Step 2 Edit Point Discharge Inputs 1 Select the Point Sources Discharges option under EI O e SOU tee put a Ed Select Point Source Data Type the Edit SWAT Input menu Edit Point Source Inputs dialog box Figure 35 with a list of subbasins Constant w Constant Daily Loading containing point discharges will appear Flow m3 Sediment tan Organic M ka Organic P ka o o lo 0 2 Click on the subbasin number whose point discharge rete CEN Aken s Xs TREND Vise P database needs to be edited A Point Discharges fo o fo Data dialog box appears with the list of attributes of ikg Oxygen kg ee a ku ams Pesticide kg the point data The dialog b
8. add the theme to the Watershed View Figure 9 Toolset for Manually Mask Delineation Note 1 If a mask grid already exists you can select Load mask grid from the disk option The grid will be added to the Basins view and used for delineation 2 A polygon theme already in the Basins View can be selected as a mask using the Select boundary theme from the Basins view option R Srinivasan r srinivasan tamu edu Texas A amp M University 7 D ASWATANzoia mdb File Edit View Insert Selection Tools Window Help SWAT Project Setup Y Watershed Delineator Y HRU Analysis Y Write Input Tables Edit SWAT Input Y SWAT Simulation Y uum gess5skeAnti Da k amp 145 1205 il Zl ganirkiaa x p E m en monn Layers k Mask T mi SourceDEM Value High 4314 A M y an ccu 4 x Display Selection Drawing Y ko ID A v cx Jo Ara A EEES AA 45598 427 21109 189 Meters Figure 10 DEM grid added to ArcMap View with a mask area 9 Note You can exit the main Watershed Delineation Dialog anytime and open it again by selecting AUTOMATIC DELINEATION from the WATERSHED DELINEATOR menu R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University Step 3 Burning in a stream network A stream network theme such as Reach File V1 or V3 or National Hydrography Dataset NHD can be superimposed onto the DEM to define the location of the stre
9. click No and repeat step 7 2 If the correct subbasin is listed click Yes Step 8 Exit the Watershed Delineation Dialog SCISCO eee PII ES 1 Click EXIT in the watershed delineation main dialog select Report Step 9 View Topographic Report Open the Topographic Reports through click the Watershed Reports Button under the SWAT Project Setup Y watershed Delineator Y HRU Analysis YO Wi Watershed Delineator menu from Reports of tomatic Watershed Delineation Watershed Reports the project windows You can view the area and Cancel DK percentage wise distribution of elevation for the entire watershed and each subbasin E R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University 16 Land use Soil and Slope Definition The Land Use Soil and Slope Definition option in the HRU Analysis menu allows the user to specify the land use soil and slope themes that will be used for modeling using SWAT and NPSM These themes are then used to determine the hydrologic response unit HRU distribution in each sub watershed Both NPSM and SWAT require land use data to determine the area of each land category to be simulated within each subbasin In addition to land use information SWAT relies on soil data to determine the range of hydrologic characteristics found within each subbasin Land Use Soil and Slope Definition option guides the user through the process of specifying the data to be used in the simulation and
10. rte e General HRU data sub e Ground water data gw e Soil chemical input chm e Water use data wus e Stream water quality input swq R Srinivasan r srinivasan tamu edu Texas A amp M University 32 D ASWA TWzoia mdb file Edit View Insert Selection Tools Window Help SWAT Project Setup Y Watershed Delineator Y HRU Analysis Y Write Input Tables Edit SWAT Input Y SWAT Simulation Y Sus amp Se remo 2 30 M A A as 2 Oe a Rk OMS amp 7 x ArcHydro MonitoringPc lt all othe Type Linking st Manually Precipitat Outlet lt all othe Type Linking st Manually Reach Watershed LJ LongestPath a E E S Basin O ij uncomb 3 luso E hrus si D SWAT Watershec LandSlope Land Slope E 0 3 E 3 9999 SwatSoilClass La Classes mH nata 1 us E Display Source a Dc Drawing Y k 0 c mi A e ia E o B Z m TA Be 2 2 17123 113 105424 329 Meters Figure 31 Location of weather stations R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University Step 2 Write All Figure 32 write Input Tables Edit SWAT Input SWAT 1 Select the Write All option under the Write Input Tables menu A prompt Wegen Siztikms appears to verify if you want to continue with the writing of all input files Click Yes Write all to continue Write Configuration File Fig 2 A Current S
11. SWAT Simulation 1 3 jo o Databases Surface Runoff Point Source Discharges Rainfal Runoff Method ICN CNCOEFF CN FROZ Inlet Discharges Daiy Rain CN Daily Route y Soi Moisture Meth y 1 Inactive y Reservoirs Crack Flow SURLAG ISED_DET ADJ_PKR TB_ADJ Subbasins Data Inactive y 4 Triangular Dist o jo General Data BSM PRF SPCON SPEXP Water Quality Data MAC Re Write SWAT Input Files 1 0 0001 1 Reaches Channel Routing MSK CO1 MSK C02 MSK X Channel Degredation Variable Storage y o 35 0 2 Inactive y Stream Water Quality TANSACH EWRCH Routing Pesticide Inactive y lo 1 y Edit Values Cancel Edits Save Edits Exit Figure 49 General Watershed Parameters Editor R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 32 15 Go to the Watershed Data item under the Edit SWAT Input menu and click the General Data BSN button then a new dialog Figure 50 will appear This interface allows you to modify the parameters concerned with Watershed Water Quality Simulation After revision of the parameters click Save Edits Edit Watershed Water Quality Parameters Miel Watershed Water Quality Data IGROPT HRU Analysis e Write Input Tables w Edi SWAT Input SWAT Simulation ET day user value cae Nutrient c T 08 Databases Point Source Discharges T T E g g Inlet Discharges R LI AR AHO TFACT eservoirs a fo 3 jo 3 o 7h pr 2 Subba
12. Table Format An example land use look up file is VEL P Figure 20 Populated SWAT LandUse Classification Table 2 PAST 3 FRSD 4 WATR Figure 21 ASCII txt table format of lookup table Note 1 To manually create a look up table double click on the LandUseSwat field next to the first category number in the dialog A dialog box will appear listing the two database files from which a SWAT land type may be selected Land Cover Plant and Urban Select the desired database file by clicking on it Click OK A dialog box will appear listing the available SWAT land cover codes or the available SWAT urban land type codes Select the desired code from the list and click ok Repeat this procedure for all the values in the grid 2 If you do not find the desired land cover in the database you will have to add the land cover class to the database too R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University 20 D SWATANzoia mdb File Edit View Insert Selection Tools Window Help SWAT Project Setup Y Watershed Delineator Y HRU Analysis Y Write Input Tables Edit SWAT Input Y SWAT Simulation Y SUS ERE MEE LOAD QAQUKSMQESIBIKOKNZ B7 x f amp Layers MonitoringPoint 8 lt all other values Type Linking stream ac Manually added Outlet 8 lt all other values Type Linking stream ac e Manually added Reach Watershed LI LongestPath
13. Use observed data lw Add Flow Parameters Add Sediment Parameters Add Water Quality Parameters Choose Parameter Current Sensitivity Params Lower Bound Upper Bound Variation Method Ww Add Ta List Parameter Lo Bound Up Bound Met HRU Mum Alpha Bf 0 Biomis 0 Blai 0 Cann n Ch K2 0 JCh H2 0 Cn 25 r n 1 1 2001 1 2001 1 200 10 2001 2001 1 2001 25 2001 4 mrd Delete All Delete Selected From List R Srinivasan r srinivasan tamu edu A vangriensven Ounesco ihe org 57 R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu Sensitivity Analysis Sensitivity Analysis Input Sensitivity Analysis Output Output Parameter Sensitivity responsmet dat Choose Parameter Average Threshold Criteria Threshold Average w Concentration Load Sensitivity Load Add To List Current Output Parameters Parameter Avg Thresh Canc Load AutoCalNum Threshold ko Flow 1 1 1 0 Delete Selected From List Observed vs Simulated Sensitivity objmet dat Choose Parameter Objective Function OF weight Sum of sqaured residuals w fi O Concentration Load Sensitivity Current Output E rors ei Parameter Objective Fun Conc Load amp uteCalN um Weight Delete Selected From List Aun Sensitivity Analysis Write Input Files Cancel Figure 53 Dialog for sensitivity analysis of SWAT A vangriensven Ounesco ihe org 58 Appendix Installing ArcSWAT
14. box beside the Elevation Band then change the parameter values for each band Also the user can choose RFINC TMPINC RADINC HUMINC in the combo box aside of Weather Adjustment then change the parameter values for each month Once you have made all editing changes click the OK button The interface will save all changes and return you to the Edit Subbasin Inputs box The user can select to 1 extend edits to current Subbasin which is the default setting 2 extend edits to all Subbasins or 3 extend edits to selected Subbasins For selecting multiple subbasins hold the Shift key when clicking the preferred subbasin numbers R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu HE Edit Subbasin Parameters Iofs Subbazin Parameters HALITOT SLIB KM km 2 SUB LAT degrees SUB ELEV m PLAPS mm km ls fi 3 9500000259939 23 089781 7303819 fi 43 o TLAPS Ckm SHO SUB mm CH Li km CH 51 m m CH w m o 0 7 669896 3 520278E 05 6 270963 CH Ki mmhr CH N1 CO ppm FLST REG Pothole HRU 0 5 0 014 o fi None Elevation Bands Farameter Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4 Band 5 o o o o o Band E Band 7 Band 8 Band 3 Band 10 Weather Adjustments Parameter hd Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun o o o o o o Jul Aug Oct Mov Dec Extend Parameter Edits Selected Subbasins E dit Values Extend ALL SUB Parameters Subbasins AAA lw Extend Edits to Current Subbasin Cancel E dits Save Editz
15. increases accuracy and gives a much better physical description of the water balance Click the HRU Definition button under the HRU Analysis menu This will open a HRU Definition dialog Figure 28 The user has two options in determining the HRU distribution assign a single HRU to each subbasin or assign multiple HRUs to each subbasin If a single HRU per subbasin is selected the HRU is determined by the dominant land use soil slope combination within each subbasin If multiple HRUs are selected the user may specify the several criteria for the land use soil and slope data R Srinivasan r srinivasanOtamu edu A vangriensvenOunesco ihe org 28 HRU Definition EIE HRU Thresholds Land Use Refinement Optional HAU Definition Threshold t Dominant Land Use Soils Slope tw Percentage t Dominant HAU f Area f Multiple HAU Land use percentage 3 over subbasin area 20 E m y Sol class percentage over land use area 20 E o 300 Slope class percentage over soil area In 2 O 100 Create HAs Cancel EE Iv Write HAU Report Figure 28 HRU definition dialog HRU Definition Al ES that will be used to determine the number and type of HRUs in each subbasin HAL Threshold Land Use Refinement Optional The procedures on how to use this tool are introduced below Land Use Split Select New Land Use to Split Select Split Land Use to E dit Step 1 Hydrologic Response Unit Def
16. to exit Please use Windows Update to check for any critical updates to the NET Framework lante R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu ie ArcSWAT Installing Arc Arc SWAT is being installed Please wait A A amp 9 A vangriensven Q unesco ihe org 61 Additional information on ArcSWAT installation under ArcGIS 9 1 What are the build numbers for all the recent releases of ArcGIS http support esri com index cfm fa knowledgebase techArticles articleShow amp d 301 04 You need ArcGIS Desktop 9 1 Service Pack 2 http support esri com index cfm fa downloads patchesServicePacks viewPatch amp PIDz17 amp MetalDz1 162 How to install ArcGIS 9 1 with NET support 1 Insert the ArcView or ArcGIS Desktop installation disk 2 Select Install ArcGIS Desktop 3 Select Modify 4 Expand Applications verify that NET Support is installed If you see a red X click on the X and select Entire feature will be installed and then follow the rest of the wizard R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org
17. AUS Extend Edits ta Selected HAUS Figure 41 Edit Hydrologic Response Units HRU dialog A vangriensven unesco ihe org 45 7 To edit the main channel input file click on the rte in the Select Input file section of Edit Subbasin Inputs dialog box A new dialog box Figure 42 will appear with the existing main channel data for the selected subbasin Click Edit Values button to activate all the textboxes to all user s modification Also the user can extend current edits to other basins with three types of options 8 To edit the ground water input file click on the gw in the Select Input file section of Edit Subbasin Inputs dialog box In the dialog box that opens Figure 43 with the existing data make modifications by clicking Edit Values button to activating all textboxes Similarly after the modification the user has three options to Save Edits to other HRUS R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu E dit Values HH Edit Groundwater Parameters Aa Groundwater Parameters Cancel E dits Save Edits E xit Edit Channel Parameters Me RTE Parameters CH Ww m CH D mi LH 52 m m CH L2 km LH H2 6 270963 0 3730552 1 E 05 fi 315685 o m 4 CH K2 mmhr CH ERUD LH LU CH WDR m m ALPHA EN days Extend Parameter Edits Selected Subbasins Subbasins Extend ALL RTE Parameters Cancel E dits AA lw Extend Edits to Current Subbasin Extend Edits to All Subb
18. ArcSWAT ArcGIS Interface for Soil and Water Assessment Tool SWAT http www brc tamus edu swat Getnet Dubale Betrie Yunging Xuan Ann van Griensven UNESCO IHE Delft Netherlands R Srinivasan r srinivasanOtamu edu Blackland Research and Extension Center and Spatial Sciences Laboratory Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Texas A amp M University Table of Contents yg O e 1 ODIS IVE PAR on o A e an e ke e e po bebe ae aa e cee 1 Watershed Delle dili tie atak kd ek kn Den bot e n kn a l epe tk bot ba ee kad dokt da 5 Flvarologie RESPONSE UNIT De AN NWN Assis un at n ad autas atak ode ka a ed e a a e e a n a aa eut 28 WHO INPUETADIeS TOF o WAT EU 31 E D T 35 SOV Ae SIMA orm Sell Diada E 54 PODS NEN MSING ATC SW Al col idad 58 R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu Introduction The Soil and Water Assessment Tool SWAT is a physically based continuous event hydrologic model developed to predict the impact of land management practices on water sediment and agricultural chemical yields in large complex watersheds with varying soils land use and management conditions over long periods of time For simulation a watershed is subdivided into a number of homogenous subbasins hydrologic response units or HRUs having unique soil and land use properties The input information for each subbasin is grouped into categories of weather unique areas of land cover soil and management within the subbasin ponds reservoirs groundwat
19. Bi P Search MES Folders zz Fa Folder Sync Address B D ASWAT F7 Nan m File and Folder Tasks L J Scenarios G watershed 3 Make a new Folder ed Publish this Folder ta se Menialdb E Mzoia mdb the Web OOH Micrasork Office Access Recor Microsoft Office Access Datab E Share this folder PER KB 560 KB Es Mzoia mxd soe RasterStore ldb ESRI ArcMap Document Po Microsoft Office Access Recor Other Places 64 KB a i i 1 KE isa Local Disk Dt 3 A 2 RasterStore mdb ij My Computer 5 Microsoft Office Access Datab on 500 KB amp J My Network Places Figure 4 The structure of SWAT project directory R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University Watershed Delineation After setup of a new SWAT project activate the Automatic Watershed Delineation button under the Watershed Delineator menu by clicking this button The Watershed Delineation tool will appear Figure 5 The tool s functions are divided into five sections namely DEM setup Stream Definition Outlet and Inlet Definition Watershed Outlet s Selection and Definition This tool is used to create wateshed delineations using a combination of DEM digitized network RF1 or RF3 NHD or User defined and other user inputs The detailed procedures on how to use the Watershed Delineation tool are introduced in the following sections ArcSWAT SWAT Project Setup Y Watershed
20. Delineator HRU Analysis Write Inpi Watershed Reports Watershed Delineation lel ES Dem Setup Outlet and Inlet Definition apo pe Subbasin outlet C Inlet of draining watershed Point source input Dem projection setup Mask DENEN Es Burn In Al Flow direction and accumulation Stream Definition Based on threshold Area Pel Number of cells Add by Table Edit manually Watershed Outlets s Selection and Definition Cancel Whole watershed G outlet s selection pi Delineate AA watershed NS C Pre defined watersheds Watershed dataset Sl Stream dataset Sl Stream network gt Create streams and outlets Calculation of Subbasin Parameters Calculate subbasin parameters Add or delete za mm reservoir JE ey Number of Outlets Number of Subbasins Exit Minimize Figure 5 Watershed Delineation main dialog R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu A vangriensven Q unesco ihe org 5 Step 1 Add DEM Grid 1 Click the Sl icon to add the DEM grid to be setup for modeling with Open DEM SWAT A dialog box Figure 6 with options Select from Watershed a View and Load DEM grid from disk is opened Choose Load DEM grid from disk and select the dem grid located in your disk the dir
21. Edit Values Cancel Edits Save Edits Exit ES ES E TDRAIN hr GDRAIN hr p 1d 5 Extend Parameter E dits Extend ALL HRU General Parameters Extend Management Operations v Extend Edits to Current HAU Extend Edits to All HRUS Extend Edits to Selected HRUS R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu Current Management Operations Add Year Operation Crop Heat Units Plant begin growing se PAST Harvest and kill operati PAST Delete Y ear Add Operation Delete Operation Edit Operation Ut Plant Begin Growing Season Parameters C Schedule by Date Heat Unit Scheduling Schedule By Heat Units Year of Rotation 1 i35 PLANT ID CURYA MAT Heat Units to Lal INIT Pasture o 2046 65 o BIO INIT HI TARG BID TARG CNOP Selected HAUS Subbasins Land Use EN Soils Slope Extend Parameter Edits Selected HRUs Extend ALL HRU General Parameters Subbasins Land Use Sails Cancel Edits Extend Management Operations Save Edits Iv Extend Edits to Current HAU Slope Extend Edits to All HRUS Ea Extend Edits to Selected HRUS Edit Values ESA ESA Ea HE Figure 45 Edit management input file main dialog A vangriensven unesco ihe org 48 11 To edit the soil chemical data click on the chm in the Select Input file section of Edit Subbasin Inputs dialog box A new d
22. Extend Edits ta All Subbazinz Extend Edits ta Selected Subbasinz Exit Figure 40 Edit Subbasin Sub dialog A vangriensven unesco ihe org 44 6 To edit general HRU data click on the hru extension in the Select Input File section of the Edit Subbasin Inputs dialog box Figure 41 A new dialog box will appear displaying the existing general HRU data for the selected subbasin To modify data activate a field by positioning the cursor over the text box and clicking Once a cursor appears in the field make the desired changes Once you have made all editing changes click the OK button If you do not want to copy the edited HRU generator data to other data sets click No on the prompt dialog R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu Cancel Edit Save Edits Exit Edit HRU Parameters _ Oo HAL Parameters HRAU_FR km2 km2 SLSUBBSN m HRLI SLP m m Dv MN LAT TIME days 0839097744360902 1 21 9512 0 001 343331 0 1 5 jo LAT SED mgl SLSOIL m CAN k mm ESCO EPCO o o lo o jo ASDIN E g ha ERORGH ERDRGP FOT FA FLO FH HAU Pothole Parameters Note an HAU is defined as a pothole HAU tn the Subbasin edit Farm F T TILE m3 s PUT YOU 10 m3 POT YOL 10 4 m3 POT_NSED mal POT_NOSL mgl o Jo o o D DEP IMP mm Extend Parameter Edits Selected HAUs Subbasins Land Use Extend ALL HAU Parameters Fx lw Extend Edits ta Current HAU Extend Edits to All H
23. M University 29 Analysis menu 4 If the distribution is not satisfactory repeat the preceding steps altering the land use and soil sensitivities until a satisfactory distribution is obtained Note for HRU distribution Selecting Multiple Hydrologic response units option allows us to eliminate minor land uses in each subbasin For example if we set the threshold for Landuse 75 over subbasin area to 15 landuses that occupy less that 15 of subbasin area would be eliminated and the HRU will be created for landuses that occupy greater than 1575 of the subbasin area The same holds for Soil and slope layer R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University 30 Soil and Water Assessment Tool SWAT The following are the key procedures necessary for modeling using SWAT e Create SWAT project e Delineate the designated watershed for modeling e Define land use soil slope data grids e Determine the distribution of HRUs based on the land use and soil data e Define rainfall temperature and other weather data e Write the SWAT input files requires access to data on soil weather land cover plant growth fertilizer and pesticide use tillage and urban activities e Edit the input files if necessary e Setup and run SWAT requires information on simulation period PET estimation method and other options e View SWAT Output Now we have completed the first three procedures In this tutorial we will concentra
24. X wp I Arial y 10 B Z U A Ly y 27 2 Change the font size 129257 562 4011 912 Meters Figure 12 Drainage network and subbasin outlets R Srinivasan r srinivasan tamu edu Texas A amp M University 11 3 Next step is Outlet and Inlet Definition Figure 13 Before proceeding you have a number of options 1 change the threshold area and rerun the stream and outlet definition routine 2 add outlet points by importing a table that contains the locations 3 add outlet points manually and 4 remove outlet points Assuming the outlet and stream definition to be acceptable proceed to inlet definition for the study area Inlets represent any point source loading into the study area or the inlets of drainage into the watershed from an upstream area Outlet and Inlet Definition Subbasin outlet C Inlet of draining watershed C Point source input Add by Table el Edit manually d ADD DELETE REDEFIHE Figure 13 Options for defining Outlet and Inlet Ss w By specifying the threshold area we define the stream network for networking It means that a minimum number of cells are required to start delineating the stream The minimum threshold area is for the entire watershed not for each sub watersheds that are going to be delineated The suggested area given in this window is the average are that could be used SS a Ss ee Y w R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu Texas A amp M Unive
25. am network D ASWATANzoia mdb File Edit view Insert Selection Tools Window Help SWAT Project Setup Watershed Delineator Y HRU Analysis Y Write Input Tables Y Edit SWAT Input Y SWAT Simulation Y Dwa Ba NA X ol 11410521 Y ZEBGBAN QQ a ngen ki kOALZBS X 3 2 Layers DigitStream Value High 28 Low 0 SourceDEM Value High 4314 Low 881 Selection DadeyjSmaeej Seen Janjon AAA Drawing RO A Oy Av ej aval vii Bz u Avr hr wr 2 1112028 231 39839 222 Meters Note NHD is an enhanced stream network at the scale of 1 100 000 It is based on USGS Digital Line Graph DLG hydrography data integrated with reach related information from the EPA River Reach File version 3 RF3 R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University 9 Step 4 Stream Definition Note For the Stream Definition function of the Watershed Delineator There are two ways to define the watershed and stream network In this section the method based threshold area will be introduced while another method based on pre defined watershed will be introduced in Appendix I 1 In order to use the threshold method to delineate the watershed and stream network the Flow Direction and Accumulation needs to be calculated by clicking the E button Stream definition defines both the stream network and subbasin outlets A minimum maximum and suggested sub watershed a
26. asins Extend Edits to Selected Subbasins Save Edits Exit Figure 42 Edit Main channel input data dialog SHALLST mm DEEPST mm Gw DELAY days ALPHA BF days GwoMIN mm 0 5 1000 ai 0 048 a lw HEVAP HEVAPMM mm RHCHRG DP fraction GHT m Gw SPYTLD m3 m3 SHALLST M ma Nel Gw S LP ma PAN HLIFE Hw days o o 0 Extend Parameter Edits Selected HAUs 5 ubbasinz Land Lise Extend ALL Gw Parameters m M lw Extend Edits to Current HAU Extend Edits to All HAUS Extend Edits to Selected HAUS Figure 43 Edit Ground Water input data dialog A vangriensven unesco ihe org 46 9 To edit the consumptive water use input data click on the wus in the Select Input file section of Edit Subbasin Inputs dialog box In the dialog box Figure 44 that opens with the existing data click Edit Values button then the user can modify the data Also the current edits can be saved to other subbasins Edit Water Use Parameters Ma E dit Values L ancel E dits save Edits E sit Monthly water Use Parameter 10 4 m3 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun WLUPND jo o o o o fo WILIRCH WLUSHAL WUDEEP Jul Aug Sep Oct Mow Dec e pP P pp MM Extend Parameter Edits Selected Subbasins Subbasins Extend ALL SUB Parameters lw Extend Edits to Current Subbasin Extend Edits to All Subbasins Extend Edits ta Selected Subbasins
27. ay 2 2 1 71 0 55 1 1 BC3 1 day BC4 1 day fo 21 0 35 Pesticide Parameters CHPST REA l day X CHPST YOL m day CHPST KOC m 3 day CHPST STL m day XCHPST RSP 0 007 0 01 fo 1 0 002 CHPST MIX m day SEDPST_CONC mg m 3 SEDPST_REA 1 day SEDPST_BRY m day SEDPST_ACT mJ 0 001 o 0 05 0 002 0 03 Extend Parameter E dits Selected Subbasins 7 Edit Values Extend ALL SWO Parameters Subbasins Cancel Edits v Extend Edits to Current Subbasin Extend Edits to All Subbasins E xit Extend Edits to Selected Subbasins Save E dits EJ Esc NL M Figure 48 Stream water quality input data editor R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 14 Go to the Watershed Data item under the Edit SWAT Input menu and click the General Data BSN button then a new dialog Figure 49 will appear This interface allows you to modify the parameters concerned with three major groups 1 Water Balance Surface Runoff and Reaches 2 Nutrients and Water Quality and 3 Basin wide Management After revision of the parameters click Save Edits Edit General Watershed Parameters el ES Water Balance SFTMP C SMTMP C SMFMAX mm C day SMFMN mm C day TIMP 1 0 5 45 45 1 SNOCOVMX mm SNOSOCOY PET Method ESCO 1 0 5 Priestley T aylor y 0 95 EPCO EVLAI FFCB DEP_IMP HRU Analysis write Input ables Edi SWAT Input
28. ays enn nn pen De h Pond Wetland Parameters water Body Type Fond m P L FR FND PSA FND PYOL FMD ES FMD EVIL o jo o o o PAD YOL PAD SED PHO MSED FND K FSETL1 o o o o fro PSETL2 MSETLI NSETL 2 CHLA SECC 10 55 5 5 fi fi PAD HOS PAD SULP PRD_ORGA PAD_ORGP Edit Values Cancel Edits Extend Parameter Edits Selected Subbasins Subbazinz Extend ALL SUB Parameters E W Extend Edits to Current Subbasin Extend Edits to All Subbasins Extend Edits to Selected Subbasins Save Edits E xit HE Figure 47 Dialog to edit pond input data file R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 50 13 To edit stream water quality input data file click on the swq in the Select Input file section of Edit Subbasin Inputs dialog box A new dialog box Figure 48 will appear displaying the stream water quality input data editor To modify the displayed data click the Edit Values button to activate all the textboxes After the modification of stream water quality input data the user also can extend the modification to other user specified Subbasins Edit Stream Water Quality Parameters Eel ES Nutrient Parameters RS1 m day AS2 ma m 2 day R53 mg m 2 day R54 1 day R55 1 day 1 0 05 0 5 0 05 0 05 R56 1 day RS ma m 2 day AKI 1 day RK2 1 day RK3 1 day 25 25 1 71 50 0 36 RK4 mg m 2 day RK5 1 day RKB 1 day BC1 1 day BC2 1 d
29. contains the area of each soil type And SWAT Sol Classification T able the third column contains the soil names in the SWAT database VALUE Areal corresponding to each index value which need to be filled through a 0 06 M11 0 87 Ul Lookup table 1 43 Uh8 0 03 Uu3 0 73 Um18 w The soil map grid must be linked to the U S soils database provided with the interface or to the User Soils customized database Under Options click the button beside the method used to link the soils map grids to the soils data There are five options available Bil Geko MEU Sete Cees Cancel e Stmuid State STATSGO polygon number dominant soil Create Overlay Report Figure 23 Interface for setting the soil data R Srinivasan r srinivasan tamu edu Texas A amp M University 22 phase e Sbid Soils5ID number for USDA soil series data e Name Name of soil in User Soils database e Stmuid Seqn State STATSGO polygon number and sequence number of soil phase e Name Stmuid State STATSGO polygon number and soil series name 4 Select Name then load look up values for the soil grid file and click the Reclassify button for soils grid The reclassified soils grid Figure 24 is shown in the map R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University 23 D ASWATWzoia mdb Ma file Edit View Insert Selection Tools Window Help SWAT Project Setup Y Watershed Delineator Y HRU Analysis Y Write Input Tables Y Edit SWAT I
30. e Open SWAT Map Document Personal Geodatabase Name mdb Save SWAT Project RasterStore mdb al Copy 5487 Project Delete SWAT Project SWAT Parameter Geodatahase OK aboue S Personal Geodatabase Name mdb C Program FilesSwatVsrc sva T Databases Sv 4 72005 im ae ance Figure 4 Create a new SWAT project and Setup working directory and Geodatabases R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University 3 Step 3 Create a new SWAT project and Setup working directory and Geodatabases e Click the New SWAT Project button under then SWAT Project Setup menu In the prompted dialog entitled Project Set Up Figure 3 Select a Project Directory for current project The names of SWAT Project Geodatabase and Raster Storage Geodatabase are initialized automatically These two Geodatabases will be created under the Project Directory e The SWAT Parameter Geodatabase stores the parameters that are needed for SWAT model run The directory of this Geodatabase is provided by the interface users should not change this value e Click OK after you setup a project Then a new SWAT project will be created under the Project Directory Figure 4 The SWAT project includes two folders two geodatabases and one Project Directory gt mxd file The Project Directory mxd file is the file that is currently in use by the user D SWAT Sees File Edit View Favorites Tools Help Back A
31. ect Land Use laver s from the map information dialog box Load Land Use datasetis from disk 3 Select the Landuse grid file in the work directory and click Select A message box will indicate the successful loading of landuse theme Open Figure 17 Dialog for options of selecting landuse dat 4 After loading the Landuse file into the map choose the grid field which will Choose Grid Field be used as index to define different landuse types In this example the VALUE Value field is selected Click OK then a table titled SWAT LandUse Classification Table will be created automatically by the interface Figure LookUp Table Table Grid v alues Land Cover Classes above The second column contains the area of each type of landuse And CWAT Land Use Classification Table VALUE Areal 18 The first column contains the unique values in the Grid Field chosen LandUseS wat the third column contains the landuse names in the SWAT database 0 16 1 15 0 05 0 13 0 00 corresponding to each index value Figure 19 SWAT LandUse Classification Table R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu Texas A amp M University 18 5 In order to fill correct values in the third column the land use grid codes must be assigned a land cover plant description You may import a look up table or manually assign a land cover plant code The interface includes tables that convert the USGS land use land cover classif
32. ectory is Nzoia data DEM for this example and click ADD The Cancel Ok Em selected dem will be resaved as Project Directory RasterStore mdb SourceDem which is loaded into the ArcMap Figure 6 Projection properties of DEM Note the selected dem file must have an effective projection If not an error dialog will prompt 2 After loading dem the w button will be activated Using this button the user can check the projection information of the dem Figure 7 e En p The DEM properties box lets you verify that the DEM map properties TO AS CoordinateUnit are correct and make any needed changes The DEM properties Z Unit Neme Meter es should correctly define the grid size and units The user can change SS ien pus Cell size Classification the Z unit to reflect the real situation 10 mi set Code 49007 Cell Area False Easting 0 nal Bere ordai System vi Step 2 Focusing on Watershed Area The interface allows users to import or create a grid map that masks out a pari Figure 7 Projection properties of DEM of the DEM grid and or a shape map that defines the stream network These maps are not required but might speed the processing time for the GIS operations R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu Texas A amp M University 6 Watershed Delineation 1 Click watershed area of interest Figure 8 Load mask grid from disk il beside Mask th
33. ed SWAT Project Manager and SWAT Watershed O Geostatistical Analyst delineator under the extensions list Figure 1 Turn on Maples i 2M O Network Analyst i sd Publisher A O Schematics ie Spatial Analyst bal Survey Analyst j vee SWAT Project Manager m SWAT Watershed delineator E ves O Tracking Analyst b Tools Pro these two extensions Step 2 Goto the View menu of ArcMap hover the mouse over the Toolbar button a list of tools will appear Click the ArcSWAT tool the main interface of ArcSWAT will open See 3D Analyst 9 1 i l E l Figure 2 Copyright 1999 2005 ESAI Inc AN Fights Reserved Provides tools for surface modeling and 30 visualization About Extensions Figure 1 Extensions of ArcMap R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu Texas A amp M University 2 De D ge jeni Qm pen t e 0s m tS of amp OO Wf we O EL aa Bod JIK WA ren paren D al E W nap m a ArcSWAT E on SWAT Project Setup Watershed Delineator HRU Analysis Write Input Tables Edit SWAT Input SWAT Simulation Ice Figure 3 Startup of ArcSWAT Interface Project Setup ME Project Directory D SWAT SWAT Project Geodatabase Personal Geodatabase Hame mdb Nzoialmab c ArcSWAT SWAT Project Setup Watershed Delineator HRU Analysis Write Input Tables Edit SWAT Input SWAT Sim Mew SWAT Project Raster Storag
34. en three options are available to specify the sl Stream Definition f DEM based Mask Predefined siresms and M tasra select Option Fkrw direction ai accum ation manually delineate and Select boundary theme from basins view Select the Load mask grid from disk option and click OK Select the mask grid located in your disk and click ADD The selected dem will be Nea Number of cris resaved as Project Directory RasterStore mdbWlaask which is loaded into the ArcMap Figure 10 DE Cancel Vusterthed dataset Stream delaset Stream network Creme streams and outlet 2 f you selected the Manually Delineate option then a toolset will appear and allow you draw polygon mask Figure 9 A toolbar with three buttons DRAW EDIT VERTEX and DELETE appears These tools provide the capability similar to drawing and editing a polygon theme in ArcMap Figure 8 Options to define Mask Click on the DRAW button to manually trace the boundary of the watershed area Manually Delineate Mal ES of interest using the mouse Double click the mouse left button to complete the Edit Mask polygon EDIT Vertex will allow you to adjust the boundary of the mask The DELETE Button will allow you to select the entire polygon for deletion using E LI gt the Delete function in your Keyboard Click APPLY after you are satisfied with 2 si els the manually drawn masking area This will create a masking grid MASK and pum Dm
35. er and the main channel or reach draining the subbasin The loading and movement of runoff sediment nutrient and pesticide loadings to the main channel in each subbasin is simulated considering the effect of several physical processes that influence the hydrology For a detailed description of the capabilities of the SWAT refer to Soil and Water Assessment Tool User s Manual Version 2000 Neitsch et al 2002 published by the Agricultural Research Service and the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Temple Texas The manual can also be downloaded from the SWAT Web site www brc tamus edu swat swatdoc html new Objectives The objectives of this exercise are to 1 setup a SWAT project and 2 familiarize with the capabilities of SWAT R Srinivasan r srinivasanOtamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 1 Create a Project ArcSWAT extension of ArcGIS 9 1 or 9 2 creates an ArcMap project file that contains links to your retrieved data and incorporates all customized GIS functions into your ArcMap project file The project file contains a customized ArcMap Graphical User Interface GUI including menus buttons and tools The major steps on how to create a SWAT project under then ArcMap environment are introduced below Extensions El ES Step 1 Start ArcMap Under the Tools menu of ArcMap View E AS click the Extensions button You will see an extension YO AreScan p pe O Data Interoperability Not registered authorized entitl
36. fall and temperature data both these fields will be blank and you have to input the information manually Choose monthly option for Printout Frequency Keep the rest at the default selections 5 After all the parameters have been set click the Setup SWAT Run button in the Run SWAT dialog box Figure 51 to build the SWAT CIO COD PCP PCP and TMP TMP input files Once all input files are setup the Run SWAT button is activated in the bottom right of the Run SWAT dialog 6 Click the button labeled Run SWAT This will run the SWAT executable file A message box will indicate the successful completion of SWAT run SWAT Output 7 The button Save SWAT Run is activated now You need to save Read Sw AT Output the current setting of the SWAT project to another folder If the Import Files to Check Output Files to Import output rch user doesn t use this function the user interface will not allow the a EEUU mi m pen output x Ls Am A output hru output pst user to use the Sensitivity Analysis and Auto calibration Save SWAT Simulation and Uncertainty Analysis functions Click the Save SWAT Save current simulation as e g Siml Run button and input Sim1 as the name of current SWAT Run Click OK Then the interface will copy the files under DASWATNzoialScenarios Default to DASWATWNwmzoia Scenarios Default And a dialog will appear ArcSWAT AL SWAT Run Successfully Saved as Simi
37. given to familiarize you with the SWAT input files and editing capabilities in ArcSWAT Select Databaze to Edit User Sails Cancel Step 1 Editing Databases 1 Select the Edit Databases button under the Edit SWAT Input menu You will be given a list of options to choose the databases to be edited Figure 33 Step 1 1 Edit Soils database Figure 34 Figure 33 List of SWAT databases 1 Select User Soils option and click OK 2 User Soils Edit dialog box with a list of abbreviated soil names appears Click on a soil name to edit the entire soil profile data or individual soil layer information 3 You can also add new soil into the database by clicking on the Add New button in the bottom of the Add and Edit User Soil dialog box 4 Click EXIT after completion of editing the database A prompt box will give you the option to save or ignore the changes made to soils database R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 35 By using a procedure similar to editing soils database the Database option under the Edit Input menu you can edit or add information to the weather land cover plant growth fertilizer pesticide tillage and urban area databases User Soils Edit BELGRADE BENSON BERKSHIRE BERNARDSTON BINGHAMYILLE BIRDSALL BLASDELL EOMOSEEN BRAYTON BUCKLAND BUCK SPORT BUSTON CABOT LLAVERALK COLOMEL COLONIE R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu Soil Component Parameters
38. his computer program is protected by copyright law and international treaties Unauthorized duplication or distribution of this program or any portion of it may result in severe civil or criminal penalties and will be prosecuted to the maximum extent possible under the law i ArcSWAT Select Installatig SANTA 4 Ma a Tan The installer will install AreSWAT to the following folder To install in this folder click Next To install to a different folder enter it below or click Browse Folder C Program Files ArcS WATS Browse Install rcSWAT for yourself or for anyone who uses this computer Everyone C Just me Cancel lt Bact Cancel lt Back SWAT Install Windows Installer Package 31 687 KB icon to begin Select the appropriate folder location for the program preferably the computer s main hard drive Click the Disk Cost button to ensure enough disk space for installation Indicate if program access will be for everyone who uses the computer or just the installer R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu A vangriensven Ounesco ihe org 60 Follow the wizard instructions until installation is completed successfully 7 ArcSWAT erae The installer is ready to install AreSWAT on your computer Click Next to start the installation ji ArcSWAT Installation Mila Arc SWAT has been successfully installed ARRA Click Close
39. ialog box Figure 46 will appear displaying the Soil Chemical data editor To modify the displayed data click the Edit Values button to activate all the textboxes After the modification of Soil Chemical Data the user also can extend the modification to other user specified HRUS Edit Soil Chemical Data OF ET Sail Chemical Data soil Layer SOL_NOS mg kg SOL_ORGN mg kg SOL_LSBP mg kg SOL_ORGP mg kg o o o 0 Sail Pesticide Data Pesticide a PLTPST kg ha SOLPST mg kg PSTENA o o o Remove Pesticide Extend Parameter Edits Selected HAU Cancel Edits Save Edits Exit Subbasing Land Use Sails L EH Figure 46 Soil chemical input data editor Extend ALL CHM Parameters UU U U y O lw Extend Edits to Current HAU Extend Edits to All HAUS Estend Edits to Selected HAUS R Srinivasan r srinivasan tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 49 12 To edit pond data click on the pnd in the Select Input file section of Edit Subbasin Inputs dialog box A new dialog box Figure 47 will appear displaying the pond data editor To modify the displayed data click the Edit Values button to activate all the textboxes After the modification of pond data the user also can extend the modification to other user specified Subbasins Edit Pond Wetland Parameters Ml E Pond Parameterz IFHD1 month IFHDZ month IFLOD1 month IFLOD2 month HDTARG d
40. ication codes to SWAT land cover plant codes If the land use grid being used is classified by an alternate method you must create a look up table or enter the information manually 6 Select the land use look up table by clicking on the open Look up Table button next to Table Grid Values Land cover classes A Land Cover Lookup Table dialog box will appear Figure 19 7 When the user has land use data and the corresponding four character land use code the User Table option should be selected 8 Select User defined lookup table in txt or dbf format the ASCII txt lookup table was shown in Figure 21 then the SWAT LandUse Classification Table will be populated Figure 20 9 Click Reclassify button Then Landuse map will be reclassified according the Lookup table The reclassified landuse map is shown in Figure 22 R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University Land Cover Lookup Table Ela EI LULC USGS Table NLCD 1992 Table OO NLCD 2001 Table o K t User Table Cancel LookUp Table Table Grid S alues Land Cover Classes SWAT Land Use Classification Table Areal LandUseS wat 20 43 ANGE 51 28 PAST 15 33 FRSD 3 04 WATA 1 10 AGAL 0 16 URBEN Heclassify 19 Accessing User Table from the Landuse and soil definition dialog box gt The user defined table has to be created in the format as shown in figure below ASCII txt
41. inition NE AGRL 1 Select the Multiple Hydrologic Response Units option Modify the threshold land use soil slope area percentage over subbasin area to define how detailed the watershed will be represented Select the PO Landwse Sublu Percent Add Sub Lu gt aen AGRL desired threshold values for soil land use and slope for example 10 AGRL AGRR for land use soil slope Delete Sub Lu Remove Split Land Lise 2 Now you can click the Create HRUs button to delineate HRU distribution Also you can go to the Land Use Refinement tap to specify EancelEdit EE more detailed criteria There are two ways to refine the definition of HRU The first one is to split one land use type into two or several sub Land Use Threshold Exemptions land use types For example the AGRL land use type can be split into Add Exempt Land Use Exempt Land Uses E A A two sub types AGRL 50 and AGRR 50 The other option is to set one land use type exempt which mean that this type of land use Delete Exempt Lu will exempt of the area threshold value set in previous steps In this example the settings of these two functions are shown in Figure 29 3 After creating HRUs the distribution report for the HRUs can open Create HAUs Cancel p ua through clicking the HRU Analysis Reports button under the HRU Figure 29 Interface for Land use refinement R Srinivasan r srinivasan tamu edu Texas A amp
42. ion can be simulated using a weather generator The weather generator data must be defined before you can continue to define the other data TD OR Cancel like precipitation and temperature Z 2 Select the Custom Database option for Weather Simulation Data and select the Nzoia data dbfs wea Itn dbf file 3 Under the Rainfall data tab select the Raingages option for rainfall data Browse to the Work Directory and choose the file rain ltn dbf and click Add 4 Under the Temperature data tab select the Climate Stations radio button option for temperature data Browse to the Work Figure 30 Weather Data definition dialog Directory and choose the file tmp Itn dbf and click Add R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu Texas A amp M University 31 5 After selecting the rainfall temperature and weather generator data click OK to generate the SWAT weather input data files The locations of weather generator rainfall and temperature gages will be displayed in the map view Figure 31 6 A message box will indicate successful generation of SWAT weather input database At this point you have the option to generate all the input data files using the WRITE ALL option under the INPUT menu or generate each input file separately The input files needed are e Watershed Configuration file fig e Pond input pnd e Soil data sol e Management Input mgt e Weather generator data wgn e Main channel data
43. nd edits to current HRU which is the default setting 2 extend edits to all HRUs or 3 extend edits to selected HRUs For the third option the user needs to specify the subbasin number landuse type soil type and slope levels for the HRUs that the user wants to apply current sol file parameters Edit Soil Parameters Miel Ea Soil Component Parameters SNAM MLAYERS HTDGAP SOL zM mm ANION ECL fraction CROCKETT 5 D 2032 0 5 SOL_CRE m3 m3 TEXTURE fo 5 Fs L SC SC CL SHY C Soll Layer Parameters Soil Layer fi vi SOLZ mm SOL BD g cm3 SDL Aw mm mm SOL_CEN E wt SUL K mmhr 203 2 1 55 0 12 0 73 E CLAY 5 wt SILT wt SAND 3 wt ROCK 2 wt SUL ALB fraction fi 2 a 20 24 67 26 2 36 0 06 LISLE K SOL_EC d3 m Extend Parameter E dits Selected HAU Edit Values Subbazinz Land Use Soils LE Figure 38 Edit soil input file dialog Extend ALL HAU Parameters AAA lw Extend Edits to Current HAU Extend Edits to All HRUS Estend Edits to Selected HRUS Cancel E dits Save Edits Exit EHE R Srinivasan r srinivasan tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 42 4 To edit the weather generator data click on the wgn extension For the wgn file you only need to select the subbasin number and then the OK button will be activated Click OK a new dialog box Figure 39 will appear which will allow you to modify the data in wgn file Similar to
44. ng the SHIFT key in your keyboard you can select more than one outlet This feature allows adjacent watershed to be simulated at the same time using SWAT Do not select an outlet at the upstream of another outlet At least one outlet must be selected for delineation R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University 13 D ASWA TWzoia mdb File Edit View Insert Selection Tools Window Help SWAT Project Setup Y Watershed Delineator Y HRU Analysis Y Write Input Tables Edit SWAT Input Y SWAT Simulation Y Dagat Lax c sen uug amp amp nmx QQiz x T Layers MonitoringPoint 8 lt all other values Type Watershed Outletz s Selection and Definitio Linking stream adde Reach DigitStream Cancel Value Whale watershed selection High 28 outlet Delineate watershed ye Low 0 SourceDEM Value High 4314 Low 881 Selected outlet Selection anie g Drawing Y k iy ayi E A ae I Arial vi 10 vi B Z U Av Me 2 D Se Change the font size 29257 562 4011 912 Meters al Figure 14 Main watershed outlet selection R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu Texas A amp M University 14 D ASWA TAN zoia mdb File Edit View Insert Selection Tools Window Help SWAT Project Setup Y Watershed Delineator HRU Analysis Write Input Tables Edit SWAT Input Y SWAT Simulation Y Sus 2 8 9 um 2 OBOW QQUNM SD BOR OMS Ss Monitori
45. ngPoint 8 all other values Type Linking stream addec Manually added Outl Reach Watershed LI Basin O DigitStream Value High 28 Low 0 Mask mi SourceDEM Value High 4314 Low 881 __ AAA np Y X ie Arial vi 10 vi B 7 U A v Dr Ev 9 1153918 718 66612 042 Meters Figure 15 Delineated watershed and subbasins R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University Step 6 Reservoirs The user can add or remove reservoirs to refine the delineation process The procedure is ri Add or delete similar to the process of manually adding or removing an outlet In this exercise we will uices n re not focus on adding or removing a reservoir However the general procedure is given below for reference 1 To add a reservoir click on the ADD button and with the cross appearing as mouse pointer click on the subbasin where the reservoir will be added The reservoir will be placed at the outlet of the subbasin A prompt box will be displayed asking for verification of the reservoir placement If the wrong subbasin Is listed click No and repeat step 7 1 If the correct subbasin is listed click Yes 2 Toremove a reservoir click on the REMOVE button Draw a square around the reservoir to be removed by holding the left mouse button and moving the mouse A prompt box will be displayed asking for verification of the reservoir removal If the wrong subbasin is listed
46. nput Y SWAT Simulation Y GE 0m o snos MEA CICR AE E x T n Layers MonitoringPoint 8 lt all other values Type Linking stream ac Manually added Outlet 88 lt all other values Type Linking stream ac Manually added Reach Watershed LU LongestPath 1 m EH amp E K KI Basin O SwatSoilClass LandS Classes mu Iul Nuno L Lua 7 Umi8 MA Umi E ohiz Mi MM ui mul mn i KI i D isplay Selection an an g Drawing v kol a mi A w la Arial vi 10 vi B Z U A 5 A SOS cw Zoomi in by dlicking a point or MES a 117141 02 55645 847 Meters Figure 24 Soils grid theme reclassified by Soil names Note 1 You can manually reclass the soils grid using a procedure similar to the manual reclassification of land use grid 2 User defined lookup tables in database or text format can also added bv click on the OPEN FOLDER R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University Step 3 Specify slope theme olope is an important factor that determines the water sediment and nutrients movement In this new version interface a new function is added to take slope into account to delineate HRU The general procedures for defining a slope theme will be introduced below 1 Click the Slope tab then the interface for defining slope theme appear Figure 25 There are two options for slope discretization Single Slope and M
47. of ensuring that those data are in the appropriate format In particular the option allows the user to select land use or soil data that are in either shape or grid format Shapefiles are automatically converted to grid the format required by ArcGIS to calculate land use and soil distributions within the subbasins of interest Select the Land Use Soil Slope Definition option from the HRU Analysis menu The Land Use Soil Slope Definition dialog box Figure 16 will open The detailed procedures on Land Use Soils Slope Definition f HRU Analysis write Input Tables Land Use Soils 5lope Definition Ta Land Use Grid HEU Definition ES Ic m ookin T Table Grid Values Land Cover LookUp Table Clean SWAT Land Use Classification Table EAN how to use the functions contained in this dialog were introduced below Figure 16 Dialog for Land Use Soil Slope Definition R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu Texas A amp M University 17 Step 1 Define Land use theme 1 Select the land use data layer by clicking on the open file folder button next to Land Use Grid 2 A Set the LandUse Grid dialog box will appear Figure 17 You will have the option to Select Land use layer s from the Map or Load Land Use dataset s from disk Select the Load Land Use SA lise Da olx dataset s from disk option and click Open Click Yes for the projection C Sel
48. ormat to be used Cancel Edits save Edits E sit 5 The default inlet discharge data format option is constant daily loadings If you select this format you will be Figure 36 Edit Inlet Discharge Inputs Dialog prompted to input average daily flow m sediment loading tons and organic N organic P NO and mineral P loadings 6 If you choose Annual Records Monthly Records or Daily Records option you will be prompted to load the data from the disk R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 39 Click OK to complete the editing of inlet discharges for a subbasin If you wish to edit the inlets in another subbasin select it from the list in the Edit Inlet Discharger Input dialog box Click Exit to complete editing of inlet dischargers input in all subbasins 9 Since there are no inlet dischargers defined in this tutorial you will get a message No Inlet Discharges in the Watershed R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 40 Step 4 Edit Reservoir Input 1 To edit the reservoirs on the Edit Input menu select Reservoirs A dialog box will appear with a list of the subbasins containing reservoirs To edit the reservoirs within a subbasin click on the number of the subbasin in the Edit Reservoirs Inputs dialog box Since there are no reservoirs defined in this project you will get a message No Reservoirs in the Watershed Step 5 Edit Subbasins Data
49. ox allows the Input of point Sorbed Festicide kg Persistent bacteria t Less Persistent Bacteria E Conservative Metal 1 kg p FE EE P source data in one of four formats constant daily Conservative Metal 2 kg Conservative Metal 3 kg loadings average annual loadings average monthly p fo loadings and daily loadings Formatted Font Default Arial Observed Loading Input Files 3 Choose a format by clicking the button next to the Average Daily Daily Loading File E format to be used The default point source data format option is constant daily loadings If you select _ Comcel Seta tm this format you will have the option of either inputing Fi 35 Edit Point Disch I ts Dial igure 35 Edit Point Discharge Inputs Dialog average daily flow m s sediment loading tons and organic N organic P NO mineral P loadings all in kg three conservative metals and 2 categories of bacteria or load PCS data directly If you select the Annual Records option you will be prompted to load the data from disk by clicking on the open folder button or from PCS by clicking on the Load PCS button If you select the Monthly Records or Daily Records option you will be prompted to load data from the disk Click OK to complete the editing of point discharges database for a subbasin R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 38 d _ Formatted French France Field Code Changed
50. rea in hectares is shown in the drainage area box Figure 11 You have the option of changing the size of DEM based Flow direction and the subbasins within the specified range of values This function plays an ae a important role in determining the detail of the stream network and the size and m n Emp x Mee did Figure 11 Threshold area for stream required to form the beginning of a stream and subbasin definition number of subbasins created The threshold area defines the drainage area After setting the threshold value of subbasin then the user can delineate the stream network and outlets through clicking the or button The drainage network and stream juncture points used to define subbasin outlets are displayed on the DEM map grid Figure 12 R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University 10 Stream network Create streams and outlets D SWATANzoia mdb AME File Edit View Insert Selection Tools Window Help SWAT Project Setup Y Watershed Delineator Y HRU Analysis Y Write Input Tables Edit SWAT Input Y SWAT Simulation Y Desa S ax x Neg R QQ x1 eS um T9224 K 3 A 2 Layers MonitoringPoint 8 lt all other values Type MN Reach DigitStream Value High 28 Low 0 Mask m SourceDEM Value High 4314 Low 881 lt d ta lan gt 4 gt Display Drawing Y ho 4107
51. response units HRUS o ii uncomb Figure 27 shows the units with unique huso ga D ISWATIWatershec combination of landuse soil and Mao E 0 3 slope within each subbasin This Bl 3 9999 SwatSoilClass La Classes layer will be used later in defining mui HRU 177972 808 57511 853 Meters Step 5 View land use soil and slope distribution report Figure 27 Shape file layer of the units with unique combination of landuse soil and slope CEN within each subbasin View the area and percentage distribution of each land use and soil class within each subbasin by clicking the HRU Analysis Reports button under the HRU analysis menu R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University 27 Hydrologic Response Unit Definition Before executing SWAT the distribution of hydrologic response units HRUs within the watershed must be determined based on the land use soil and slope layers specified in the previous step The interface allows the user to specify criteria to be used in determining the HRU distribution One or more unique land use soil slope combination s hydrologic response units or HRUs can be created for each subbasin Subdividing the watershed into areas having unique land use soil and slope combinations enables the model to reflect differences in evapotranspiration for various crops and soils Runoff is predicted separately for each HRU and routed to obtain the total runoff for the watershed This
52. rsity 12 Step 5 Main Watershed Outlet s Selection and Definition In this step the users will select one or more outlet locations to define the boundary of the main watershed m 1 Click on the SELECT button a to choose the watershed outlet Draw a box covering the desired outlet locations will set the main Watershed Outlets In this example select 1 outlet at the downstream edge of the masked area Figure 14 and click the Delineate Watershed button BB Select YES in the following dialog to continue with the delineation of main watershed and subbasins A prompt box will appear to announce completion of the watershed and subbasin delineation 2 The delineated watershed with subbasins will be added to the View If the delineation is not satisfactory or if the user wants to select a different outlet for the watershed click on the Cancel Selection button and repeat 3 Click on the Calculate Subbasin Parameters button 2 to estimate the subbasin parameters This function calculates basic watershed characteristics from the DEM and sub watershed themes It also assigns the necessary subbasin identification The results of the calculations are stored as additional fields in the streams and subbasins theme database files Click OK to completion of watershed delineation dialog box Figure 15 shows the delineated watershed with subbasins 4 Open the Reach or Watershed attribute tables to view the calculated characteristics By holdi
53. sins Data General Data BSM LAMELAD LAMBDA LAMBDA Edit Values Cancel Edits Save Edits 1 Exit Re Write SWAT Input Files Water Quality Data MANO Figure 50 Watershed Water Quality Parameters R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 53 SWAT Simulation Setup SWAT simulation menu contains commands that setup and run SWAT simulation To build SWAT input files and run the simulation proceed as follows Step 1 Setup data and Run SWAT 1 Select the Run SWAT command under the SWAT Simulation menu It will open a dialog box Figure 51 that will allow you to set up the data for SWAT simulation Setup and Run SWAT Model Simulation Period of Simulation Starting Date 1 7171374 Ki Ending Date 1 2431 1380 Simulate Forecast Period Hainfall 5ub Daly Timestep Forecast Period Timestep Minutes Starting Date Ki METE ANA ann Hainfall Distribution Printout Settings w Skewed normal t Daily Print Soil Chem Output Print Hourly Output C Mised exponential H3 o o t Monthly Print Pesticide Output Print Soil Storage Yealy NYSKIP D Print Log Flow w Limit HAU Output Deposition File Si Setup SWAT Run Cancel Figure 51 SWAT data setup and simulation dialog R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 54 2 Select the 1 1 1974 for the Starting date and 12 31 1980 for the Ending date option If you are using simulated rain
54. sol file the interface also allow the user to extend the current edits to other subbasins The user can select to 1 extend edits to current Subbasin which is the default setting 2 extend edits to all Subbasins or 3 extend edits to selected Subbasins Edit Weather Generator Data Aa Station Mame TXPAR IS 33 65 a5 55 1 73 8 fi Monthly Weather Parameters Parameter w Jan F E dit Values Cancel E dits Save Edits Exit EHE weather Station Parameters WLATITUDE deg WLONGITUDE deg WELE m RAIN YRS yrs eb Mar Apr May Jun 11 68 1334 18 82 23 62 27 61 32 32 Jul Aug Sep Oct Mov Dec 34 87 34 98 31 39 25 74 16 38 13 08 Extend Parameter E dits Selected Subbasins Extend ALL SUB Parameters aubbasins ey lw Extend Edits to Current Subbasin Extend Edits to All Subbasins Extend Edits ta Selected Subbasins Figure 39 Edit weather generator input file main dialog R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu A vangriensven Ounesco ihe org 43 5 To edit general subbasin data click on the sub extension in the Select Input File Select the subbasin number and click OK then a new dialog box will appear displaying the existing general subbasin data for the selected subbasin Figure 40 To modify data activate all fields by clicking Edit Values button For the elevation band parameters the user can choose ELEVB ELEVB FR and SNOEB in the combo
55. tatus of Input Data dialog appears This window shows the list of Write Soil Data sol input files to be generated and the status of input file generation Write Weather Generator Data won 3 For subbasin and main channel input files a prompt asks whether to change the Write Subbasin General Data sub default Manning s n value Click No to use 0 014 Write HRU General Data hru 4 Forthe management input file generation a message prompt verifies if the US a eant este onset l W l l l l Write Groundwater Data que weather database is sufficient to estimate the Plant Heat Units Click Yes if the Write Water Use Data wus study area is within US Write Management Data mat o A message box indicates the successful completion of input files generation Write Soil Chemical Data chm Write Pond Data pnd Write Stream Water Quality Data t swg Write Watershed General Data bsn Write Watershed Water Quality Data wwq Write Master Watershed File cio Figure 32 Write all input files status dialog R Srinivasan r srinivasan tamu edu Texas A amp M University 34 Edit SWAT Input The commands listed under the Edit SWAT Input menu bring up dialog boxes that allow you to alter default SWAT input data The Edit SWAT Input menu can be used to make input modifications during the model calibration process In this exercise you are not required to edit any input information Edit SWAT Databases ME Howeve r a general procedure is
56. te on preparing the rest of the input data for SWAT running the model and viewing the output from the model Spatial analyst is the main tool that will be used in SWAT Without this SWAT simply can t be used General info about SWAT All SWAT input and output are in Metric units MKS R Srinivasan srin O brc tamus edu BRC UT EPA BASINS Write Input Tables for SWAT This menu contains functions to build database files that include information needed to generate default input for the SWAT model The commands on the menu need to be implemented only once for a project However if the user modifies the HRU distribution after building the input database files these commands must be reprocessed again Step 1 Define Weather data 1 Select the Weather Stations button under the Write Input Tables Weather Data Definition PHI E Solar Radiation Data Wind Speed Data dialog will allow the user to define the input data for rainfall Weather Generator Data Rainfall Data Temperature Data Relative Humidity Data menu A Weather Data Definition dialog is opened Figure 30 This Load US or custom weather database to continue f US Database E temperature and other weather data For weather data you have the option of simulating the data in the model or to read from data tables fw Custom Database Locations Table D ASWAT AMzaia data dbfs swea Itn dbf If no observed weather data is available then informat
57. to notify you that the current SWAT run has been saved as Sim1 Figure 52 Figure 52 Dialog of saving SWAT run R Srinivasan r srinivasan Otamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 55 Step 2 Sensitivity Analysis of SWAT After saving current SWAT run to another folder the buttons Sensitivity Analysis and Auto Calibration and Uncertainty Analysis are activated under the SWAT Simulation menu 1 Click Sensitivity Analysis button A dialog for sensitivity analysis of SWAT will appear Figure 53 In order to run sensitivity analysis of SWAT the name of SWAT run and the location of subbasin needs to be specified 2 Click the Sim1 under the SWAT simulation select a subbasin to run analysis on and check the appropriate Sensitivity Parameters Click the Write Input Files button on the bottom of the dialog box A folder named Sensitivity will be created under the folder D SWAT Nzoia Scenarios Default TxtInOut After writing the input files the Run Sensitivity Analysis button is activated Clicking this button executes the SWAT2005 exe file R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu A vangriensven unesco ihe org 56 Sensitivity Analysis Sensitivity Analysis Input Sensitivity Analysis Output Analysis Location gt r Input Settings SWAT Simulation Subbasin a Sensitivity Parameters Number of Interval within latin hypercube 11 0 Parameter change for QAT Random seed number 10 05 2003 Obzerved data file name
58. ultiple Slope The Single Slope option denotes that the mean value of slope will be used for for the whole watershed whilethe Multiple Slope option will allow slope be classified into several level If the Multiple Slope option was selected the user need to define the Number of Slope Classes and the range Lower Limit and Upper Limit of each slope class At last the slope classification results will be stored in the SWAT Slope Classification Table Click Reclassify the classified slope layer will be added to the map Land Use Soils Slope Definition Land Use Data Soil Data Slope Slope Discretizatior C Single Slope Watershed Min 0 00 Mean 6 7 A Slope Stats l f Multiple Slope Max 106 Median 4 6 Slope Classes Number of Slope Classes 2 bi Curent Slope Class Class Upper Limit 4 DWAT Slope Classification Table Class gt LowerLimit Upper Limit 1 O 3 2 3 3333 Reclassify Create HRU Feature Class Overlay Cancel lw Create Overlay Report Figure 25 Populated SWAT LandUse Classification Table R Srinivasan r srinivasan 9 tamu edu Texas A amp M University 25 D ISWA TANzoia mdb File Edit View Insert Selection Tools Window Help SWAT Project Setup Y Watershed Delineator Y HRU Analysis Y Write Input Tables Y Edit SWAT Input SWAT Simulation Y SUS mx gt uw u amp egeux QQ Sees we 3 Layers MonitoringPoint 8 lt all other values Type
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