Development of GSM and GPS based Cost Effective
Contents
1. System INFOCOM 2008 The 27th IEEE Conference on Computer Communications pp 13 18 April 2008 A EJ Rabbany Introduction to GPS The Global Positioning System Norwood MA Artech House 2006 D K Elliott and H Christopher Understanding GPS Principles and Application Norwood MA Artech House 2006 G Gu and G Peng The survey of GSM wireless communication system in Proc International Conference on Computer and Information Application ICCIA pp 121 124 Dec 2010 Quectel L80 Products for GPS receiver online Available http www quectel com UploadImage Downlad L80_Hardware_Design_V1 1 pdf TinyGPS http arduiniana org libraries tinygps SIM900a GSM Module User Manual http www rhydolabz com documents gps_gsm sim900_rs232_ gsm modem_opn pdf AT Commands for SIM900A GSM Module http elecfreaks com store download datasheet rf SIM900 SIM900_AT 20Command 20Manual_V1 03 pdf Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller details http www mantech co za datasheets products A000047 pdf Arduino 2013 Arduino Main Page Online Available http www arduino cc RF Transmitter and Receiver details http www strobotix com documents RF Based Wireless Remote pdf Bistable multivibrator circuit details http www electronics tutorials ws waveforms 555_timer html Transistor operated relay circuit http homemadecircuitsandschematics blogspot in 2012 01 how to make relay driver stage in html MEAS piezo vib2. comes to known by the user he can send a message to the GSM module which is attached with the vehicle The system will check for the mobile number and the content of the message if both matches with the pre defined number and content then the system will reply with the latitude and longitude values to the owner s mobile number through GSM module Sometimes when the user has lost his vehicle he may not have his mobile with him at that time he can send message from some other number In this case the system will not reply with the location instead it will tell the user enter the password to confirm that the owner is sending the message If the password matches with the pre defined one by the user then the system will send the latitude and longitude values to the number from which the message has been received The third important thing in this project is accident detection MEAS piezo vibration sensor is used in this project Here the accident is detected by means of vibration range It has been identified that when accident occurs the range of vibration will be 215 350MHz So the system will check whether the vibration is within this range or not If not then it will check whether it is above 350MHz if so then a buzzer will be turned ON for 5 mins Within this 5 minutes if the driver is not injured or if the accident is not severe the driver can press a button so that unnecessary message to their relatives can be avoided If the button is not pressed wi
3. other hand the Arduino group of microcontrollers offers an open source prototyping platform that is flexible and easily customizable to the required application 10 The complete list of hardware elements for the design is given below Copyright to IJAREEIE 10 15662 yjareeie 2015 0405021 3936 ISSN Print 2320 3765 ISSN Online 2278 8875 International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 5 May 2015 1 L80 M39 GPS receiver module 2 SIM900A GSM module 3 Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller 4 Alphanumeric LCD display LCD1602 5 GPS GSM antennas 6 Sim Card and holder 7 RF Transmitter and Receiver 8 Batteries and holder 9 Capacitors 3 1 1 Quectel L80 M39 GPS receiver module The Quectel L80 M39 GPS module as shown in figure 2 is an ultra slim GPS POT Patch on Top module with an embedded 15 0 x 15 0 x 4 0mm patch antenna This reduced space design makes L80 become the perfect module for the miniature devices Adopted by LCC Leadless Chip Carrier package and integrated with patch antenna L80 has a remarkable performance both in acquisition and tracking EASY technology ensures L80 can calculate and predict orbits automatically using the ephemeris data up to 3 days stored in internal flash memory so L80 M39 GPS receiver can fix position quickly even at indoor signal levels with low power consumptio
4. 8875 Qg International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 5 May 2015 So to avoid this problem a bistable multivibrator circuit using 555 timer 17 IC has been designed and implemented The output of the bistable multivibrator will give high if the input DO pressed once and will give low if the input D1 pressed once The remote circuit has been made as this way Bistable multivibrator circuit is shown in figure 8 Figure 8 Bistable mutivibrator circuit diagram When both key as well as remote has operated a relay will be operated to turn the ignition system ON This relay is operated by means of a transistor which will act as a switch when the supply is given at the base terminal of the transistor In the transistor operated relay circuit instead of the voltage source V1 LED the battery terminals of the vehicle will be replaced This relay circuit is shown in figure 9 Figure 9 Transistor operated relay circuit The overall circuit and the hardware prototype will be explained in the upcoming paragraphs All the connections between GSM GPS output of the bistable multivibrator circuit etc are shown in the hardware prototype S22 Location Tracking Suppose if this remote also stolen by a thief then the owner can send a message to the GSM module which is present in the vehicle If the message is from the right person an
5. ISSN Print 2320 3765 ISSN Online 2278 8875 International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 5 May 2015 Development of GSM and GPS based Cost Effective Telematics Module P Raji S Ashok PG Scholar Dept of Electrical Engineering NIT Calicut Kerala India Professor Dept of Electrical Engineering NIT Calicut Kerala India ABSTRACT The ability of a vehicle tracking system to track vehicles is useful in many applications including security of personal vehicles public transportation systems fleet management and others Furthermore there is a rapid increase on number of vehicles on the road globally Therefore the development of Telematics module using the Global Positioning System GPS and Global System for Mobile Communications GSM modem is undertaken with the aim of enabling users to locate their vehicles with ease and in a convenient manner The system will provide the users with the ability to track vehicle remotely through the mobile network This paper describes the development of the Telematics module hardware prototype Especially the system will utilize GPS to obtain a vehicle s coordinate and transmit it using GSM modem to the user s mobile number through the mobile network The proposed system will also be able identify the accident by means of the range of vibration The main hardware components
6. as a main controller As this project uses both GSM and GPS module and as both of this needs serial communication this board has been chosen A transistor operated relay has been made to turn the ignition system ON and OFF When both the key as well as the remote has been operated then only this relay will be turned ON If only the key is operated but not the remote then the system will an alert SMS saying that an unauthorized person is trying to drive your vehicle By this message an unauthorized movement can be identified Quectel L80 M39 GPS receiver plays a vital role in this project It is interfaced with Arduino Mega2560 using serial communication port It is shown and named in figure 9 Only three pins need to be connected between GPS receiver and Arduino TX RX GND of GPS receiver should be connected to the RX TX and GND pins of Arduino Mega2560 respectively GPS receiver will update the latitude and longitude values every second To send and receive an SMS via GSM module certain AT commands are used These commands are sent through serial communication port of Arduino to GSM module with a baud rate of 9600 bps as default SIM900A GSM module is used in this project Only three pins need to be connected with Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller board TX RX GND of GSM module should be connected to the RX TX and GND pins of Arduino Mega2560 respectively It is also shown and named in figure 9 suppose if the remote is also stolen by a thief when it
7. compared to existing solutions For future work further design on multilayer PCB can be undertaken to reduce the wires on the prototype The reliability of the system can be improved and additional features can also be added Once the system is complete the vehicle tracking system has the potential to be commercialized as a standalone product since its utility is quite popular REFERENCES 1 DAT PHAM HOANG Development of Vehicle Tracking System using GPS and GSM Modem 2012 2 D Sperling and D Gordon Two Billion Cars Driving Towards Sustainability New York NY Oxford University Press 2009 Copyright to IJAREEIE 10 15662 ijareeie 2015 0405021 3942 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 ISSN Print 2320 3765 ISSN Online 2278 8875 International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 5 May 2015 Youjing Cui Shuzhi Sam Ge Autonomous vehicle positioning with GPS in urban canyon environments IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation vol 19 no l pp 15 25 Feb 2003 Rocky Mountain Tracking 2013 Rocky Mountain Tracking Main Page Online Available http www rmtracking coml LoJack 2013 LoJack Main Page Online Available http www lojack com H Song S Zhu and G Cao SVATS A Sensor Network Based Vehicle Anti Theft
8. d the content is particular which is predefined already the system will reply with location latitude and longitude values to the owner s pre defined mobile number The GPS receiver will always updates the latitude and longitude values of the present location every second So when the message is received then at that time the location of the vehicle will be sent to owner s mobile number If the owner has left his mobile in his vehicle itself in that case he can send a message to the GSM module which is present in the vehicle from some other number which is not pre defined But now the system will not reply with the location because the number does not match with the pre defined one Now to confirm that the owner is sending this message it will inform the owner to send the password which is already defined by the owner If this password matches with the predefined one then the system will send the latitude and longitude values to the number from which the message has been received Copyright to IJAREEIE 10 15662 ijareeie 2015 0405021 3940 ISSN Print 2320 3765 ISSN Online 2278 8875 International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 5 May 2015 3 2 3 Accident Detection Circuit Accident is identified in this project by means of the vibration range of accident There are surveys which shows that when the accident occu
9. ineering An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 5 May 2015 been rolled out to cater for faster data centric traffic backward compatibility to GSM is still maintained It is chosen because of its wide availability as the medium for transfer of location information The very easy and inexpensive Short Message Service SMS allows users to send up to 160 characters For this proposed system the SMS is more than sufficient for sending the location information The main components of the vehicle tracking system are the GPS module which will be used to obtain the vehicle s coordinate and the GSM modem which is used to send the location to the user s phone through the mobile network These components are the state of the art L80 M39 GPS receiver module and SIM900A GSM module A microcontroller the Arduino Mega2560 is also employed to control both modules and to provide an easily customizable platform for any required application Generally the system will send the vehicle s location coordinates to the user upon request It can also be re programmed to send the location information periodically if required These options allow the user the flexibility of both on demand or continuous tracking of the vehicle The system will also be able to detect the accident by means of the range of vibration The rest of this paper is organized as follows In Section II the development of the Telematics module will be described in detail The results
10. latives both the numbers should be pre defined Hl RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS As a Starting of the hardware prototype a RF transmitter and receiver based remote has been made as explained above This remote is shown in figure 10 RF receiver circuit is also shown in figure 10 and named In the figure 10 there are 4 pushbuttons in which 2 are used for the purpose of remote Those are the white and black push buttons White pushbutton is used to turn ON the remote and the black pushbuttons is used to turn OFF the remote The last push button which is in blue is used in accident detection circuit and it will be explained later If the RF transmitter and receiver is in proper condition and if the transmission is enabled then the LED which is connected on 17 pin of HT12D glows Bistable multivibrator circuit is also shown in figure 10 Figure 10 Proposed system s hardware prototype Copyright to IJAREEIE 10 15662 ijareeie 2015 0405021 3941 ISSN Print 2320 3765 ISSN Online 2278 8875 International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 5 May 2015 As the RF transmitter gives high only for the pressing time of the pushbuttons so a bistable mutlivibrator circuit 1s used to convert this to two stable states i e ON and OFF This circuit uses a 555 timer IC for its operation Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller board is used
11. n L80 can adaptively adjust the on off time to achieve balance between positioning accuracy and power consumption according to the environmental and motion conditions L80 supports automatic antenna switching function It can be switched between internal patch antenna and external active antenna Furthermore it keeps positioning during the switching process With its minute design high precision and sensitivity L80 is perfectly suitable for broad range of M2M applications such as portable device automotive personal tracking security especially suitable for special applications like GPS mouse Figure 2 Quectel L80 M39 GPS receiver module The Quectel L80 M39 GPS receiver module is very easy to use in the field of location tracking A 5V adapter is to be connected to this module for its operation and this 5V will be converted to 3 6V internally The RXD1 TXD1 and GND pins of this module should be connected to the TX1 RX1 and GND respectively Only these three pins need to be connected with Arduino Mega2650 microcontroller board To get the coordinates from the GPS receiver the user need to add TinyGPS library into the Arduino Software 11 3 1 2 SIM900A GSM Module SIM900A Quad band GSM GPRS RS232 Modem works on frequencies 850 MHz 900 MHz 1800 MHz and 1900 MHz It is very miniature in size and easy to use as plug in GSM Modem 12 The Modem is designed with TTL to RS232 Level converter circuitry which will allow the user to directly i
12. n also be used in tracking the distance traveled on a trip vehicle mileage and speed of the vehicle These functions allow users to monitor the usage of their vehicles But the problem associated with these systems is they will not be able to track the vehicle remotely GPS is a real time satellite navigation system for three dimensional position determination It was developed by several organizations including the Department of Defense DOD the National Aeronautic and Space Administration NASA and the Department of Transportation DOT GPS has three segments satellite constellation ground control monitoring network and user receiving equipment The satellite constellation is the set of satellites in orbit that provide the ranging signals and data messages to the user equipment The control segment supervises and maintains the space segment which is the satellite constellation in space The user segment receives the signal from the space segment and computes the navigation timing and other functions 7 The Global System for Mobile Communications GSM is the second generation digital cellular mobile network 8 It is widely deployed around the world Even though improvements to GSM such as the next generation systems have Copyright to IJAREEIE 10 15662 yjareeie 2015 0405021 3935 ISSN Print 2320 3765 ISSN Online 2278 8875 International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical Electronics and Instrumentation Eng
13. nterface PC Serial port The baud rate can be configurable from 9600 115200 through AT command 13 Initially Modem is in Auto baudrate mode This GSM GPRS RS232 Modem is has an internal TCP IP stack which will enable the user to connect with internet via Copyright to IJAREEIE 10 15662 ijareeie 2015 0405021 3937 ISSN Print 2320 3765 ISSN Online 2278 8875 International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 5 May 2015 GPRS It will be suitable for sending SMS as well as DATA transfer application in M2M interface The modem needed only 3 wires TX RX and GND except Power supply to interface with microcontroller Host PC The built in low dropout linear voltage regulator will allow the user to connect wide range of unregulated power supply 4 2V 13V In most of the cases 5 V will be used Using this modem the user will be able to send SMS receive SMS and connect to internet via GPRS through simple AT commands Sim900a GSM GPRS module which was used in this project is shown in the figure 4 7 nm E gt ommna RING Sim900_ GSM GPRS Modem Figure 4 SIM900A GSM GPRS module All the AT commands are sent serial through the Serial communication of Arduino Mega25600 3 1 3 Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller board as shown in Fig 5 now in revision 3 is the latest in the gro
14. of the proposed hardware prototype and discussions are given in Section III Finally Section IV concludes the paper and gives suggestions for future work Hil TELEMATICS MODULE USING GPS AND GSM MODEM The development of the Telematics module will be described in detail in this section The block diagram of the proposed system is as shown in Fig 1 The three main components of the system are the L80 M39 GPS receiver module SIM900A GSM module and Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller The L80 M39 GPS receiver module s main function is to obtain the vehicle s coordinates These coordinates are periodically user selectable sent to the Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller The Arduino Mega2560 processes this information and will then send the location information to the SIM900A GSM to be transmitted through the mobile network to the user when requested or on a periodic basis The modules and microcontrollers communicates through the Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter UART interface Arduino Mega24560 at Figure 1 Proposed telematics module block diagram 3 1 Hardware and Software Components The main hardware components of the system are the L80 M39 GPS receiver module SIM900A GSM module and Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller The L80 M39 GPS and GSM modules were chosen because of L80 M39 is a global leader in the provision of positioning and wireless semiconductors that have proven reliability at an affordable cost 9 On the
15. of the system areL80 M39 GPS receiver module SIM900A GSM module LDT0 028K vibration sensor RF Transmitter and Receiver and Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller The developed telematics module demonstrates the feasibility of near real time tracking of vehicles and improved customizability global operability and cost when compared to existing solutions KEYWORDS Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller GSM Module GPS receiver Telematics 1 INTRODUCTION The number of vehicles is expected to increase as ownership becomes more affordable due to the growing economies of countries such as China and India 1 However the adoption of telematics module is still very much lacking Such a system can be used in many applications including security of personal vehicles public transportation systems fleet management and others Telematics modules have been available in the market for some time but they are application specific region specific and are costly 2 4 Therefore a system designed for car security will not be suitable for fleet management 5 It is intended that the proposed system will be easily customizable for various applications This system can be used globally and is expected to be cheaper Il LITERATURE SURVEY On the other hand Global Positioning System GPS navigation system is widely adopted in vehicles today 6 It is primarily used to assist the driver in navigating to their destinations with turn by turn instructions These systems ca
16. ompiling and uploading programs to the board through a USB connection The program for this project initializes and checks for a valid coordinate from the Quectel L80 M39 GPS receiver and display on LCD It then sends this coordinate to the user s mobile number via Sim900a GSM module by means of an SMS Copyright to IJAREEIE 10 15662 yjareeie 2015 0405021 3938 ISSN Print 2320 3765 ISSN Online 2278 8875 International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering An ISO 3297 2007 Certified Organization Vol 4 Issue 5 May 2015 3 2 Circuit Design and Implementation Details 3 2 1 RF Transmitter and Receiver based remote circuit The Proposed system will have a remote by means of a RF Transmitter and Receiver To operate the vehicle the user should have both key as well as this remote If only key is present and not the remote this situation is assumed as an unauthorized movement When this situation occurs the system will send an alert SMS to the pre defined number saying that an unauthorized movement has occurred To send serial data through RF Transmitter either the user can use a microcontroller or the user can use encoder and decoder IC s 16 Encoder and Decoder based method is used in this project because it is less cost and also reduces the complexity of having two microcontrollers Size of the remote will also be reduced RF Transmitter is made in such a way that it will gi
17. ration sensor datasheet https www sparkfun com datasheets Sensors Flex MiniSense_100 pdf Interfacing MEAS piezo vibration sensor with Arduino http www learningaboutelectronics com Articles Vibration detector circuit php Copyright to ITAREEIE 10 15662 ijareeie 2015 0405021 3943
18. rs the range of vibration will be 215 350MHz MEAS vibration sensor is used in this project This sensor can be directly interfaced with the Arduino analog pins This will give the voltage in the range of 0 5V depends on how much vibration it gets This 0 5V will be read by Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller and the Arduino will show the values in the range of 0 1023 depends on how much is the voltage This sensor can measure the vibration in the range of 0 001 Hz to 1 GHz This range will be calibrated to 0 5V and this analog voltage is again converted to a digital value in the range of 0 1023 The range of accident in terms of digital value is 220 360 but due to atmospheric conditions it varies So the sensor may exceed this range at any point of time not only during the accident to avoid this and to ensure the accident the range is taken as 500 700 in digital value Only one vibration sensor may not give appreciable result two more sensors can be added and when all the three sensors crosses this range then it will give appreciable result When all the three sensors exceeds this range then a buzzer will operated and will be sounding for 5 minutes if the accident is not severe within this 5 minutes the owner or the user can press the not accident button which will be in the remote So that the unnecessary message can be avoided If the button is not pressed within 5 minutes then the system will assume that as an accident and informs the owner and or to their re
19. thin 5 minutes then the system will send an accident message with location to the owner as well as to another number which is already pre defined by the owner user IV CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS The development of a vehicle tracking system s hardware prototype has been presented in this paper The systems is able to identify an authorized movement by means of a remote using RF transmitter and receiver The system is able to obtain a vehicle s GPS coordinate and transmit it using the GSM modem to the user s phone when the user sends an SMS to the GSM module which is present in the vehicle If the message is not from the pre defined number then the system will tell the user to send the password to confirm that the user is sending the message if the password matches with pre defined one then the system will send the GPS coordinate to the number from which message has been received And also the system was able to identify the accident by means of a range of vibration It sends an accident SMS with GPS coordinates to the owner s number as well as to another number which was pre defined already if the vibration crosses the range of accident The developed vehicle tracking system demonstrates the feasibility of near real time tracking of vehicles which can be used for security of personal vehicle public transportation systems fleet management and many other applications The system can provide improved customizability global operability and cost when
20. up of USB Arduino boards and will be the reference model of the Arduino open source electronics prototyping platform It has the ATmega2560 8 bit microcontroller as its core chip It operates at 5 V DC The Arduino Uno provides 54 digital pins of which 15 provide PWM output 16 analog input pins 256 kB of flash memory of which 8 kB used by bootloader 2 kB SRAM 1 kB EEROM 16 MHz clock speed and a USB connection 14 To extend its capability it supports shields or boards which can be plugged on top of it Many shields are available including display sensor motor driver Xbee Zigbee interface input Ethernet and others Specifically for this project the Graphic LCD shield LCD1602 will be used to display the status of the vehicle oe Mee Man Man Ee Bon ee xs amp e e eA Hs 4 Figure 5 Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller board There are three serial communication ports in the Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller board it will help the user to interface both GSM and GPS module simultaneously That is the reason why this has been chosen 3 1 4 Arduino Integrated Development Environment IDE In order to program the Arduino Uno microcontroller the Arduino Integrated Development Environment IDE a cross platform application written in Java which can be installed by the user is used The Arduino programs are written in C C The Arduino IDE provides a powerful yet user friendly programming environment 15 It allows c
21. ve high output only if the switch is pressed continuously but this will not be possible for a user to press this remote continuously The circuit diagram of RF Transmitter with encoder is shown in the figure 6 There are four pins in the RF transmitter namely GND Vcc Data ANTENNA As the name indicates GND pin is grounded Vcc pin is given a voltage of 5V from a 9V battery followed by a 7805 voltage regulator Data pin is connected to the DOUT pin17 pin of HT12E encoder A 10cm wire is connected to the ANTENNA pin of RF transmitter All other connections of HT12E encoder has been done as per figure 6 ANTENNA Transmission Enable ITE __ m HT 12E Figure 6 Circuit Diagram of RF Transmitter with HT12E encode IC Circuit diagram of RF transmitter with HT12D decoder is shown in the figure 7 Unlike RF transmitter RF receiver has 8 pins namely GND Data nc Vcc Vcc GND GND ANTENNA Three GND pins are shorted together and grounded Two Vcc pins are shorted together and given to 5V DC supply Data pin is connected to the DIN pin14 pin of HT12D decoder Four push buttons are connected to the pins D3 D2 D1 and DO out of which only two are used for the purpose of remote All other connections of HT12D IC are done as per figure7 Figure 7 Circuit Diagram of RF Receiver with HT12D decoder IC Copyright to IJAREEIE 10 15662 ijareeie 2015 0405021 3939 P em ISSN Print 2320 3765 lni VA ISSN Online 2278
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