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DAnS User Manual

1. Main Graph Selected range x1 566 X2 394 Q S x a 25 1 fiw Y V YAN ne 20 popup 874 Sine wave W aw yw a Ww yw iw Y nd Sine A A A NN A A A WW a 894 Ya ad x VU UV VW i 0 4 Crop ae 10 Crossing Measurement 15 1 Save 20 Pra Crossing I 1 1 i 1 Measurement Result e an set sn m m yi Calculate for gt ee rop p 4 All Crossings Crop e Crossing Number 1 aS Apply measurement on 448 1 501 Entire waveform ae Ce sdected range of waveform Apply Cancel 4 1 1 I I I 1 I Delete 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 570 Measures crossings of two waveforms Single point and multipoint measurements Single point measurement result is a single value number Examples for this kind of measurements are Maximum Delta X Amplitude Time Domain Measurement done for single pulse etc PA RAFA Solutions 2 Data Analysis Software Bd 54 Ai 014 DAnS User Manual Results for single point measurements are shown on the left side of the software window Measurement result is shown in Result window To save measurement result you should click the Save button under Result window Saved results are appearing in the Measurements List on the left side of the software window It is also possible to use saved results in the calculator Multipoint measurement result is a waveform Examples for multipoint measurements are Peaks if the selected waveform h
2. Reference Level Specifies the middle reference level of the waveform in percent required to determine period Percentage is defined relative to the topline levels Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement 72 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Period is calculated by finding two consecutive edges of the waveform with the same polarity Period is the difference in time between reference crossings of the two adjacent edges Example of the period calculation is shown with 50 reference level Frequency Description Period Measures Frequency of the periodic waveform between adjacent reference level crossings in the same direction in the entire or selected range Frequency can be measured for all or selected pulses Measurement Category Time Domain Measurement Settings Calculate for Specifies pulses for which measurement should be done Two options exist for the measureme e All Pulses e Pulse Number nt If the first option is selected frequency is calculated for all pulses If the second option is selected frequency is c
3. DAnS User Manual If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Standard deviation is calculated by the following equation where w is weighting and is n 1 when weighting is set to sample and n when it is population Variance Description Returns the variance of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category Statistics Measurement Settings Weighting Specifies whether to calculate population or sample standard deviation e Sample 0 default e Population 1 Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors 33 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Calculation Variance is calculated by the following equation m 1 g 0 where w is weighting and is n 1 when weighting is set to sample and n when it is population Median Description Returns the median of the waveform for the
4. cursors 37 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Calculation Low state level returns the level at which a pulse or transition waveform is defined to be in its lowest state Average Description Returns average value of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category Levels Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation The average value of a waveform is calculated as follows 7 1 1x7 i 0 where n is the number of elements in input sequence X Filters This group includes different types of filters Filters can be applied to any type of signals in time domain For correct results the selected waveform should be plotted vs Time 38 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Bessel Filter Description Uses Bessel filter to filter the waveform in the entire range Measurement Category Filters Measurement Settings Filter type Specifies the filter type to be applied e Highpass e Lowpass e Bandpass e Bandstop Sampling frequency Specifies the frequency in Hz at which the data will be
5. such as Maximum of the waveform Peaks of the waveform and so on 2 Statistical Measurements Measurements in this group are for statistical analysis of the waveform Examples for statistical measurements are calculation of root mean square mean variance etc 3 Level Measurements This group combines measurements which concern signal level calculations such as amplitude calculation high low state level calculation etc 4 Time Domain Measurements Measurements in this group are for calculations which refer to time domain Time domain measurements include transition period frequency calculation etc 5 Spectral Analysis Measurements in this group perform different spectral analysis These measurements should be applied to the waveform in time domain 6 Filters This group includes different types of filters Filters can be applied to any type of signals in time domain For correct results the selected waveform should be plotted vs Time 7 Fitting This group combines different methods for fitting data to known curves 8 Mathematics This group combines mathematical calculations such as integral and derivative 9 Transforms This group includes different transforms for the waveforms such as Fast Fourier transform Walsh Hadamard transform Fast Hilbert transform etc All measurements in these groups are described in details in corresponding chapters of this document 20 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Ma
6. 0 125 Hz If the filter type is highpass the low cutoff frequency is ignored Attenuation Specifies the attenuation of the stopband in dB The default value is 60 0 dB Order Specifies the order of the filter The higher the filter order the bigger the roll off Elliptic Filter Description Uses Elliptic filter to filter the waveform in the entire range Measurement Category Filters Measurement Settings Filter type Specifies the filter type to be applied e Highpass e Lowpass e Bandpass e Bandstop Sampling frequency Specifies the frequency in Hz at which the data will be sampled The default value is 1 0 Hz High cutoff frequency Specifies the high cutoff frequency of the filter The default value is 0 45 Hz If the filter type is lowpass high cutoff frequency is ignored 41 O RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Low cutoff frequency Specifies the low cutoff frequency of the filter The default value is 0 125 Hz If the filter type is highpass the low cutoff frequency is ignored Passband ripple Specifies the ripple of the passband in dB The default value is 1 0 dB Stopband attenuation Specifies the attenuation of the stopband in dB The default value is 60 0 dB Order Specifies the order of the filter The higher the filter order the bigger the roll off Equiripple Bandpass Filter Description Uses FIR equiripple bandpass filter to filter the waveform in the entire range Measurement Category Fil
7. Analysis Window Please enter Measurement name E Graphs Sine wave Sine wave Cancel On the left part of the calculator window list with the plotted graphs from the file and saved measurements is presented List includes multi and single point measurements Double click the 7 RAFA Solutions 2014 item to add to the formula You should add Measurement Name to the corresponding field if you want to save calculations done Saved calculations will be added to the Measurement list as well Measurement Settings Window Measurement Settings window is opened each time one of the measurement buttons is clicked Equiripple Bandpass Filter No of Taps Sampling Frequency Higher Pass Frequency Lower Pass Frequency Higher Stop Frequency Lower Stop Frequency Cancel See detailed description of procedure for taking measurements in Measurements section of the Help Settings and calculation methods for each measurement are described in appropriate sections of the Help Report Settings Window Report Settings Window is used to set options for the report Saved Graph Images Y Remark Measurement Data off off 4 Report Title Alignment Left Italic off Reported By Alignment Left Italic off Report Type Microsoft Excel Page Orientation Portrait Font SimSun ExtB Underline off Font Color Font SimSun ExtB gt Underline Font Color Off Cancel RAF
8. Displays short descriptions of functions Hovering on a particular object a small window with a short description of the object will appear Clicking on More you can see a more detailed description of the object function 10 RAFA Solutions 2014 c About Reflect information about Software version activation and the Company Plotting data First of all you should select data for applying measurements This can be done by clicking add button from the graphs palette of the Main Graph top right corner A DAnS Data Analysis Software gt File Graph Report Help ee n x tldt DA Ny s ll nll H General A Levels Filters Fitting Transforms a Analysis Pu Calculator Report Hin Data Analysis Software ea eae x1 21251 x2 17 705 Q sais in 17 5 y 4h Y d Sine wave AA al AU 125 il TH 10 4 qa HTS aps Save 5 2 5 Measurement Result 0 25 Epa 7 5 HHH 10 HH wal f 15 17 5 20 22 5 25 16 Add Cancel Delete A separate interface will be opened for selecting channels from the file which you want to plot 11 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Channels appear in a tree with their groups A default channel for Time is added to the channels for the possibility to plot data versus Time Double click the channel which you want to plot a small window will be opened prompting to select an axis for the data Applie
9. Filter computes elements of the filtered signal using equation below Y Median J where i 0 1 2 n 1 Y is the output sequence of the filtered signal n is the number of elements in the input sequence X Ji is a subset of the input X centered about the ith element of X and the indexed elements outside the X range equal zero Ji can be described as li E or E Xi E K Kitri Kitr where rl is the left rank and rr is the right rank FIR Windowed Filter Description Uses FIR windowed filter to filter the waveform in the entire range Measurement Category Filters Measurement Settings Window Specifies the type of the smoothing window 44 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Window parameter Specifies parameters for different windows For the Kaiser window specifies the beta parameter For the Gaussian window specifies standard deviation For the Dolph Chebyshev window specifies the ratio s of the main lobe to the side lobe For other types of windows this setting is ignored Filter type Specifies the filter type to be applied e Highpass e Lowpass e Bandpass e Bandstop No of Taps Determines the total number of FIR coefficients Sampling frequency Specifies the frequency in Hz at which the data will be sampled The default value is 1 0 Hz High cutoff frequency Specifies the high cutoff frequency of the filter The default value is 0 45 Hz If the filter type is lowpass high cutoff frequ
10. Solutions 2014 Section Options contains menu of the software languages It is possible to select either English or Russian language J Language English PycckMi Activate Open File RAFA Solutions Version 1 0 You can exit the Software by clicking Close Window button or from menu bar File gt Exit OS Help Options Open Ctrl 0 Recent Files Activate Open File RAFA Solutions Version 1 0 Data Analysis Window After selecting the file from File Selection Window the window for data analysis will be opened 6 RAFA Solutions 2014 File Graph Report Help Y AN E fx w A NY Goon T5 ull gu Mu HEV E A General Statistics Levels Filters Fitting Transforms Math Pii oe Calculator Report Data Analysis Software Main Graph 08 MS vw Vi al y WW VA tap Measurement z I I I 1 i I I I 1 L I 1 I nao nz Ds 0G 08 40 a2 LEO Is 2 22 24 26 25 se 32 S4 3p 38 Delete Please add graph to do measurements You can add graph by clicking Add Graph button from Graph Palette You can do measurements and create reports from this interface See detailed description of the window in the Data Analysis Window section of the Help Calculator Window Embedded calculator can be opened by clicking Calculator button on the Data
11. component is at the center of FFT signal If Shift is ON DC component will be at the center of FFT signal FFT Size Specifies the length of the FFT be performed If FFT size is less than the number of elements in the signal only first elements with number equal to FFT size are used to perform the FFT If FFT size is greater than the number of elements in the signal zeros are added to the end of the signal Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation FFT computes the discrete Fourier transform DFT of the signal with fast Fourier transform algorithm Discrete Fourier transform is defined by the following equation r _VN 1 iZnkn N Yk Lin 0 Xn for n 0 1 2 N 1 where x is the input signal sequence N is the number of elements in input sequence and Y is the result of transform Frequency spacing resolution between Y components is Af where s is the sampling frequency 59 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Fast Hilbert Transform Description Calculates Fast Hilbert Transform of the signal Fast Hilbert Tran
12. coordinate X at Minimum Description Returns the X coordinate of the Minimum value of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category General Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Finds the minimum value and returns corresponding X coordinate 27 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Peaks Description Returns Peaks of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category General Measurement Settings Threshold Ignores peaks which amplitudes are less than threshold Width Specifies the number of consecutive data points to use in the quadratic least squares fit Width is coerced to a value greater than or equal to 3 The value should be no more than about 1 2 of the half width of the peaks and can be much smaller but gt 2 for noise free data Width should be as small as possible but should be balanced against the possibility of false peak detection due to noise Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire wave
13. entire or selected range Measurement Category Statistics Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Median is the middle member s value of the waveform arranged from low value to high value If the number of values is odd then median is calculated as the mean of the two middle values Histogram Description Returns the histogram of the waveform for the entire or selected range 34 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurement Category Statistics Measurement Settings Intervals Specifies the number of the intervals of the histogram plot Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Histogram of the waveform is calculated by counting the number of tim
14. first option is selected delay is calculated for all pulses of two waveforms If the second option is selected delay is calculated for the selected pulses of two waveforms Edge Specifies the direction of the edges for which delay measurement should be done Two options exist for the measurement e Rising e Falling If the first option is selected delay is calculated between rising edges of two waveforms If the second option is selected delay is calculated between falling edges of two waveforms Reference Level Specifies the middle reference level of the waveform in percent required to determine delay Percentage is defined relative to the topline levels Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Delay is calculated as the difference in time between reference level crossing of a specified polarity edge of the first waveform and reference level crossing of the same polarity edge of the second waveform Delay is calculated by finding two consecutive edges of the same polarity for two waveforms Example of the delay calculation is shown for the rising edg
15. is given as x t X f cas 2nft df cas x cos x sin x where The inverse Hartley transform maps real valued frequency domain sequences into real valued sequences Inverse fast Hartley transform is obtained through the discrete implementation of the inverse Hartley integral B Eee casc YL for k 1 2 n 1 where n is the number of X elements Walsh Hadamard Transform Description Calculates the real Walsh Hadamard Transform of the signal Walsh Hadamard transform can be computed for the entire or selected range of the signal Measurement Category Transforms Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement 63 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation The Walsh Hadamard transform performs an orthogonal symmetric involutional linear operation on 24m real numbers The Walsh Hadamard transform is based on an orthogonal system consisting of functions of only two elements 1 and 1 If WHn and WHn 1 denote the Walsh Hadamard matrices of dimension 24n and 24 n 1 respectively then WH WH ls a bebe _WH wher
16. or selected range Measurement Category Spectral Analysis Measurement Settings dt Specifies the time interval of the waveform Commonly dt is las Where Is is the sampling frequency 70 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Calculates the spectrum of the waveform generated by crossing two input signals The spectrum is calculated by the following formula FFT X x FFT Y 5 ES Y where N is the number of points in the input signal If the input signals are of different lengths then the program will fill the shorter data with zeroes to make the two signals the same length In that case N is the number of points after the shorter signal has been filled with zeroes Amplitude Spectrum Description Returns the magnitude of the power spectrum of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category Spectral Analysis Measurement Settings dt Specifies the time interval of the waveform Commonly dt is las Where Is is the sampling frequency Unwrap phase Enables the option of ph
17. or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation The Hartley transform of a function x t is given as X f x t cas 2nft dt where Cas x costa sin x The Hartley transform maps real valued sequences into real valued frequency domain sequences Fast Hartley transform is obtained through the discrete implementation of the Hartley integral 2mik for k 1 2 n 1 where n is the number of X elements Ti Inverse Fast Hartley Transform Description Calculates Inverse Fast Hartley Transform inverse FHT of the signal For proper calculation of inverse fast Hartley transform number of elements in the input sequence should be a valid power of two Inverse fast Hartley transform can be computed for the entire or selected range of the signal Measurement Category Transforms 62 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation The inverse Hartley transform of a function x t
18. residue according to the following equation iv 2 Wilf yil Gaussian Peak Fit Description Returns the Gaussian peak fit of the waveform for the entire or selected range Gaussian peak fit uses the Least Square Least Absolute Residual or Bisquare method Amplitude center standard deviation and offset are also calculated 52 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurement Category Fitting Measurement Settings Initial amplitude Specifies initial guess of amplitude Initial center Specifies initial guess of center Initial Standard deviation Specifies initial guess of standard deviation Initial offset Specifies initial guess of the offset it returns Tolerance Specifies when to stop the iterative adjustment of amplitude center standard deviation and offset For the Least Square and Least Absolute Residual methods if the relative difference between residues in two successive iterations is less than tolerance it returns the resulting residue For the Bisquare method if any relative difference between amplitude center standard deviation or offset in two successive iterations is less than tolerance it returns the resulting amplitude center standard deviation and offset If tolerance is less than or equal to O tolerance automatically sets to 0 0001 Method Specifies the fitting method e Least Square e Least Absolute Residual e Bisquare Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measure
19. sampled The default value is 1 0 Hz High cutoff frequency Specifies the high cutoff frequency of the filter The default value is 0 45 Hz If the filter type is lowpass high cutoff frequency is ignored Low cutoff frequency Specifies the low cutoff frequency of the filter The default value is 0 125 Hz If the filter type is highpass the low cutoff frequency is ignored Order Specifies the order of the filter The higher the filter order the bigger the roll off Butterworth Filter Description Uses Butterworth filter to filter the waveform in the entire range Measurement Category Filters Measurement Settings Filter type Specifies the filter type to be applied e Highpass e Lowpass e Bandpass e Bandstop 39 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Sampling frequency Specifies the frequency in Hz at which the data will be sampled The default value is 1 0 Hz High cutoff frequency Specifies the high cutoff frequency of the filter The default value is 0 45 Hz If the filter type is lowpass high cutoff frequency is ignored Low cutoff frequency Specifies the low cutoff frequency of the filter The default value is 0 125 Hz If the filter type is highpass the low cutoff frequency is ignored Order Specifies the order of the filter The higher the filter order the bigger the roll off Chebyshev Filter Description Uses Chebyshev filter to filter the waveform in the entire range Measurement Category Filte
20. table Closing Data Analysis Window Data Analysis Window can be closed by clicking Close button or from Menu Bar File gt Exit After this action Main Window will be reopened you can choose another TDMS file to work with or close the Software Wi 17 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Creating Report DAnS software allows creating Reports in Excel Word or PDF formats Report can be created by clicking Report button on the Data Analysis Window Before creating the report appropriate settings should be set from the Report Settings window The Report Settings window can be opened from the Report gt Report Settings option in Menu bar This window is also opened each time Report button is clicked on the Data Analysis Window The following settings should be selected for the report 1 Logo Logo appears on the top left corner of the Report If no logo is chosen it will not appear in the report Note only JPEG or PNG formatted images can be selected for the logo 2 Report type This option defines file type for the Report It is possible to choose Microsoft Excel Microsoft Word and PDF formats Note in the computer you are using the following software should exist in order to generate report Microsoft Excel Microsoft Word Any PDF reader and PDF printer converter You can download free pdf converter from http www foxitsoftware com 3 Page Orientation
21. the following windows File Selection Window File Selection Window is the first window which user sees after running the software To open a file e Press OPEN FILE button or e Open a file from the menu bar File gt Open d JGS Help Options Recent Files Activate Exit Ctrl Q Data Analysis Software Open File RAFA Solutions Version 1 0 Window menu bar has three sections File Help and Options It is also possible to select one of the recently opened up to 10 files from the menu bar File gt Recent Files 4 RAFA Solutions 2014 ai x JG Help Options Recent Files all A il A Data Analysis Software Open File RAFA Solutions Version 1 0 Help files can be opened from menu bar Help gt Open User Manual Artirata A DANS Data Analysis Software ls a graphical tool designed for viewing and analyzing logged data Logged data is displayed in the form of waveforms on a graph Software incorporates different types of analysis and measurements as well as embedded calculator Tool also allows to export logged or measured data to Excel or TDMS format flles and create Report for the results in Excel Word or PDF formats RAFA Solitons 2014 ad File y a Options Activate i www rafasolutions com Email info rafasolutions com sl A Data Analysis Software Version 1 0 Trial Version 2014 Copyright RAFA Solutions All Rights Reserved 5 RAFA
22. waveform for the entire or selected range Pulse width is the time difference between reference level crossings of the two adjacent edges of the pulse Pulse width can be measured for all or selected pulses Measurement Category Time Domain Measurement Settings Calculate for Specifies pulses for which measurement should be done Two options exist for the measurement e All Pulses e Pulse Number If the first option is selected width is calculated for all pulses If the second option is selected width is calculated for the selected pulse Reference Level Specifies the middle reference level of the waveform in percent required to determine pulse width Percentage is defined relative to the topline levels Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Pulse width for the positive pulse is calculated as the difference in time between reference level crossing of a rising edge and reference level crossing of the next falling edge of the waveform Pulse width is calculated by finding two consecutive edges of the waveform Example of the positive pulse width calc
23. when to stop the iterative adjustment of amplitude damping and offset For the Least Square and Least Absolute Residual methods if the relative difference between residues in two successive iterations is less than tolerance it returns the resulting residue For the Bisquare method if any relative difference between amplitude damping and offset in two successive iterations is less than tolerance it returns the resulting amplitude damping and offset If tolerance is less than or equal to O tolerance automatically sets to 0 0001 47 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Method Specifies the fitting method e Least Square e Least Absolute Residual e Bisquare Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Exponential fit uses the iterative general Least Square method and the Levenberg Marquardt method to fit data to an experimental curve of the general form described by the following equation f ae c where x is the input sequence a is amplitude b is damping and c is offset It finds the values of a b and c that best fit the observations X Y Th
24. A Solutions 2014 See detailed description of procedure for creating report in Creating Report section of the Help Excel File Format All Excel files should be in the following format w amp Be 1 E 61 1 Channel 1 CHannel 2 2 16 057 6 812468665 3 16 058 7 708058786 4 16 059 8 57322872 5 16 06 9 404564037 6 7 8 9 16 061 10 19878384 16 062 10 95275369 16 063 11 66349804 16 064 12 32821188 10 16 065 12 94427191 11 16 066 13 50924681 12 16 067 14 02090688 13 16 068 14 47723284 14 16 069 14 87642377 15 16 07 15 21690426 16 16 071 15 49733058 17 16 072 15 71659601 18 16 073 15 87383522 19 16 074 15 96842765 Group 1 Group 2 Group3 Group4 Group 5 Each Excel sheet appears as a separate tree item in the Add Graph Window and can combine data from multiple channels Data of each channel is written in the sheets in a separate column with the first line as a header and the rest is the data itself In Add Graph Window these channels appear as sub items of the particular Excel sheet 9 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Data Analysis Window After selecting the file the window for data analysis will be opened You can do measurements and create reports for the data from this interface Menu Bar On the top of the window menu bar is available Menu bar has 5 main sections 1 File There are five main options available in this menu which mostly r
25. Defines orientation of the report page Portrait or Landscape Portrait page orientation is selected by default 4 Saved Graph Images This table shows images of graphs which were saved previously from the Data Analysis Window You can select graphs by double clicking on the graph name Selected graphs will appear in the report file All graphs are deselected by default You can select deselect all Graph Images by click appropriate button located under the Image table 5 Remark If Remark is On Graph Image remarks will be included in the Report 6 Measurement Data If Measurement Data is On all single point measurements will be included in the Report 18 O RAFA Solutions 2014 7 Report Title Report Title appears on the top of the Report page The following settings can be chosen for the Report Title Alignment Font Size Style Italic Bold Underline Color 8 Reported By Text inserted in the Reported By field appears on the bottom of the Report page The following settings can be chosen for the text Alignment Font Size Style Italic Bold Underline Color 19 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurements Measurement types For easier use measurements are divided into groups according to their types There are nine groups of measurements 1 General Measurements This group includes general measurements which can be done on any type of waveforms Group includes measurements
26. RAFA Solutions DANS Data Analysis Software DAnS User Manual Contents A A a e e ce eee nee 4 DATAN SIS WAN aaa 10 TI oO o A eo T 18 Mecca APP PA o 20 General Mea TEE E idad 22 Pe A 22 a A o E 23 o e 24 Pa COOP o o A nn o o E E e 25 A A lt P o 25 A PP A e ea eoteece sgn aor coe nseaaaeaeseeoneactee 26 Fe ONT MA y NR oo A 26 E A nn PP Pe A E 27 FAC PRI O E q E 28 IN PM A en 28 PE K O A 29 q e E E A A 30 o gt Ho A ETE 31 PP Ae 31 o o 5 A nn 31 tana ra DG ION a E 32 nn PP o 33 UE AAPP yA Pa 34 A o eens E E E aweeees aes 34 VST Sas Ur SN ride 35 AMI sra ti 35 PAG CO IE e a e US TOTO gg E E EE 36 Stato Le VO das 36 Bc o E e o e 37 A uhen noraniecinansuawmnnpater epee E 38 A e cae o A ES O EE E A 38 1 O RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Pa e o 39 A Po E ooo OO ce renner EA 39 PP E A 40 Nerse Cho Snes ippo sedas 40 a A e one nde ne ea en 41 Eguiripple Bandpass Filter aan 42 POO Ne Bands top FI ET caco aii E 42 PUI ONS TC ass eT a E T E E 43 soe AEE A E eee E E E N A E IE TE EEA ee ee 43 A E AEE A E E E A 44 FIR VINO WCC IL 44 FEMI e E ooo o sn yocsunbeqehetoun ce meaee 45 A e RU E E TE 45 aso da APP e e O oyo A E T 47 POWER tan 49 E A e o E SUE 51 UE SI ai a ON e og T T 52 A A A 55 A EE 57 e O A E II A 58 Fas OUTST Tan Oates 59 Pasan NOM 60 NSS Fast Hilbert IAS aio 61 o a o EEE E EE E E T 61 verse fast a le E E Otras 62 Walsh Hadamard o AP E E TA 63 In
27. YI IA LILIA nA ee ee ee eee 5 120 049 1256 Pepe pep A RE RRA 20 20 1 20 2 20 3 20 4 20 5 20 6 20 7 20 8 20 9 21 4 Clear Graph Select this option to clear all plotted data Main Graph 20 98 x 20 049 a Y ri E a FE EEG A A UA UA A A i iE A A A A A T 5 Add Graph Select this option to add new waveform to already plotted waveforms Detailed operation of this option is described in Plotting data section of the current Help file Main Graph 2098 x2 2009 Q0 4 AAA AA AA ee ee a ee es A A A A SaaS AS AA DA A E A ES O DO A O O O E O Ea AU O O O O IA O E MO A O O UE IA O IA O A ee a O ee JE a i Main Graph has also an option to move cursors by giving X coordinates of the cursors Enter first and second cursors X coordinates in the X1 and X2 fields appropriately above the Main Graph 15 RAFA Solutions 2014 Main Graph 4 Y st IATA TA TA TP to ATA aa A Se O A A EA A A ool 1250 PEPA See ee ee ee ee VE A ee a ee O 0 ara AAA YY man ma 20 20 4 20 5 20 6 20 7 20 8 20 9 21 Graph Palette Measurement Graph Graph palette of Measurement Graph has five options First four options Cursor Zoom Hand Tool and Clear Graph are the same as for the Main Graph See detailed descriptions for these options in Graph Palette Main Graph section above The fifth option in Graphs Palette is Save Graph This option saves data of the selected plots Measu
28. alculated for the selected pulse 73 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Reference Level Specifies the middle reference level of the waveform in percent required to determine frequency Percentage is defined relative to the topline levels Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Frequency is calculated as the reciprocal of the period Period is calculated by finding two consecutive edges of the waveform with the same polarity Period is the difference in time between reference crossings of the two adjacent edges 1 Period Frequency Example of frequency calculation is shown with 50 reference level Ls fs bo Nor Duty Cycle Description Measures Duty Cycle of the periodic waveform in the entire or selected range Duty Cycle can be measured for all or selected pulses Measurement Category Time Domain 74 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurement Settings Calculate for Specifies pulses for which measurement should be done Two options exist for the measurement e All Pulses e Pulse Number If the f
29. ange for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation The inverse Hilbert transform of a function h t is given as h t dt L 1 r x t H h t By using Hilbert transform inverse Hilbert transform can be computed by negating the forward Hilbert transform x t H h t H h t Inverse Fast Hilbert transform performs the discrete implementation of the inverse Hilbert transform with the aid of the Hilbert transform Fast Hartley Transform Description Calculates Fast Hartley Transform FHT of the signal For proper calculation of fast Hartley transform number of elements in the input sequence should be a valid power of two Fast Hartley transform can be computed for the entire or selected range of the signal 61 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurement Category Transforms Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed
30. as multiple peaks Peaks and Valleys all fittings all transforms and so on Multipoint measurements are being plotted on the Measurement Graph You can show or hide this graph from Menu Bar If you have done multipoint measurement and have not enabled Measurement Graph a warning will come From Measurement graph you can save selected Measurements for later use Saved Multipoint measurement will appear in the measurements list You can plot saved measurement on the Main Graph by double clicking it from the measurements list for later operations You will also be able to use saved multipoint measurements in calculator General Measurements This group includes general measurements which can be done on any type of waveforms Group includes measurements such as Maximum of the waveform Peaks of the waveform and so on At X Description Returns the Y axis value at a particular X axis point of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category General Measurement Settings X Value Specifies the X value which corresponding Y value should be found Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected wi
31. ase unwrapping The default value is ON Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform 71 O RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Magnitude of the power spectrum is calculated by taking the real part of the power spectrum Time Domain Measurements Measurements in this group are for calculations which refer to time domain Time domain measurements include transition period frequency calculation etc For correct results these measurements should be applied on the waveform for which Time is selected as X axis Period Description Measures Period of the periodic waveform between adjacent reference level crossings in the same direction in the entire or selected range Period can be measured for all or selected pulses Measurement Category Time Domain Measurement Settings Calculate for Specifies pulses for which measurement should be done Two options exist for the measurement e All Pulses e Pulse Number If the first option is selected period is calculated for all pulses If the second option is selected period is calculated for the selected pulse
32. ategory Spectral Analysis Measurement Settings 1 dt Specifies the time interval of the waveform Commonly dt is las where Is is the sampling frequency Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Calculates the auto spectrum of the waveform using the fast Fourier transformation of the signal and complex conjugate of FFT using formula 68 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual 5 2 TL where n is the number of points in the signal FFT is the fast Fourier transformation and indicates the complex conjugate Power Spectrum Description Returns the power spectrum of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category Spectral Analysis Measurement Settings i F dt Specifies the time interval of the waveform Commonly dt is laf where Js is the sampling frequency Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of wha
33. bsolute Residual method it finds the amplitude center standard deviation and offset of the Gaussian model by minimizing residue according to the following equation iw N 2 Wilf yil 54 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Polynomial Fit Description Returns the Polynomial fit of the waveform for the entire or selected range Polynomial fit uses the Least Square Least Absolute Residual or Bisquare method Polynomial Coefficients are also calculated Measurement Category Fitting Measurement Settings Polynomial order Specifies the order of the polynomial that fits to the data set Polynomial order must be greater than or equal to 0 In real applications polynomial order is less than 10 Polynomial order can t be greater than 25 The default is 2 Algorithm Specifies the algorithm uses to compute Best Polynomial Fit Use SVD for Rank Deficient H if all other algorithms are unsuccessful e SVD e Givens e Givens2 e Householder e LU Decomposition e Cholesky e SVD for Rank Deficient H Tolerance Specifies when to stop the iterative adjustment of Polynomial Coefficients when you use the Least Absolute Residual or Bisquare methods For the Least Absolute Residual method if the relative difference between residue in two successive iterations is less than tolerance it returns the resulting Polynomial Coefficients For the Bisquare method if any relative difference between Polynomial Coefficients in two succes
34. clusions from Warranty This warranty does not cover problems caused by your acts or failures to act the acts of others or events beyond the reasonable control of the Licensor 88 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual 12 Remedy for Breach of Warranty Licensor will at its election either i repair or replace the Software at no charge within the warranty term or ii accept return of the product s for a refund of the amount paid if any The developer Licensor or installer may also repair or replace supplements updates and replacement software or provide a refund of the amount you paid for them if any These are your only remedies for breach of the limited warranty 13 No other Warranties The limited warranty is the only direct warranty from the developer Licensor or installer The latters give no other express warranties guarantees or conditions and exclude implied warranties of merchantability fitness for a particular purpose and non infringement 14 Disclaimer of Warranties The Limited Warranty referenced herein is the only express warranty made to you and is provided in lieu of any other express warranties if any Except for the Limited Warranty Licensor and its suppliers provide the Product and support services if any AS IS AND WITH ALL FAULTS and hereby disclaim all other warranties and conditions either express implied or statutory including but not limited to any if any implied warranties duties or condit
35. d X and Y axes names will appear in the corresponding fields in the right part of the window Field for X axis has Time value by default which means data versus Time will be plotted if no other X axis is selected While working with big files computer memory can get full and it will not be possible to use the file For big files channels should be read partially It is possible to plot only selected number of points with selected starting point offset If All option is selected for the Count parameter whole channels selected for X and Y axes will be plotted If you want to plot only part of the channels mention number of points in the channels to plot selecting other option and enter number of points If for Offset parameter non zero value is set channels will be plotted starting from Offset numbered point Maximum permitted size for channel reading from a file is 1 min elements If channel length is more than 1 min only first 1 min elements will be read Click Add button if you want to add selected plot to the graph or Cancel to cancel the operation The new Plot will be added to the graph with the name Y vs X where Y is the name of the channel selected as Y axis and X for X axis Number of plotted waveforms is not limited Plot Legends Plot legends are located on the right side of each graph You can change properties of the selected plot by right clicking its legend To select or deselect plot cl
36. e WHn is meant in the element wise sense Inverse Walsh Hadamard Transform Description Calculates the inverse of real Walsh Hadamard Transform of the signal Inverse Walsh Hadamard transform can be computed for the entire or selected range of the signal Measurement Category Transforms Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors 64 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Calculation The inverse Walsh Hadamard transform is calculated according to the following formula WHI X WH X Ti where n is the length of the signal X WHI X is the inverse Walsh Hadamard transform and WH X is the Walsh Hadamard transform of the signal X Laplace Transform Description Calculates Laplace Transform of the signal Laplace Transform can be computed for the entire or selected range of the signal Measurement Category Transforms Measurement Settings End Specifies instant in time of the last sample The entire sample interval is between O and the specified End Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for
37. e following equation specifically describes the exponential curve resulting from the exponential fit algorithm yli aebxlil e a When you use the Least Square method it finds the amplitude damping and offset of the exponential model by minimizing the residue according to the following equation Ly wa y i 0 48 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual The Least Absolute Residual and Bisquare methods are robust fitting methods Use these methods if outliers in the observations exist In most cases the Bisquare method is less sensitive to outliers than the Least Absolute Residual method When you use the Least Absolute Residual method it finds the amplitude damping and offset of the exponential model by minimizing residue according to the following equation 1 N 1 Y WIA vil i 0 Power Fit Description Returns the power fit of the waveform for the entire or selected range Power fit uses the Least Square Least Absolute Residual or Bisquare method Amplitude and power are also calculated Measurement Category Fitting Measurement Settings Tolerance Specifies when to stop the iterative adjustment of amplitude power and offset For the Least Square and Least Absolute Residual methods if the relative difference between residues in two successive iterations is less than tolerance it returns the resulting residue For the Bisquare method if any relative difference between amplitude power and o
38. ecifies the high reference level of the waveform in percent required to determine transition interval Percentage is defined relative to the topline levels High reference level crossing defines the start of a falling transition interval Low Reference Level Specifies the low reference level of the waveform in percent required to determine transition interval Percentage is defined relative to the baseline levels Low reference level crossing defines the end of a falling transition interval Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Fall time is calculated by finding crossing with the high and low reference levels of the waveform Fall time is the time duration from when the waveform crosses the high reference level until it crosses the low reference level Example of fall time calculation is shown with 10 and 90 low and high reference levels respectively 80 O RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Slew Rate Description Measures Slew Rate of the specified edge of the waveform between selected high and low reference levels for the entire or selected
39. ed to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Mean is calculated by the following equation 7 1 Root Mean Square Description Returns the root mean square of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category Statistics 31 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Root mean square is calculated by the following equation Standard Deviation Description Returns the standard deviation of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category Statistics Measurement Settings Weighting Specifies whether to calculate population or sample standard deviation e Sample O default e Population 1 Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform 32 RAFA Solutions 2014
40. efer to file operations a Open file Open a file from the menu bar File gt Open b Recent files There is a possibility to select one of the recently opened files from the menu bar File gt Recent Files c Export Data Exports plotted data to Excel or TDMS file You should choose data from which graph you want to export Main Graph or Measurements Graph d Export Image There is possibility to export Graph Images Main Graph or Measurement Graph in BMP JPEG or PNG formats If no format is chosen for the file BMP format image will be saved Choose directory where you want to export image from the browsing window and type file name e Exit Select this option if you want to close Data Analysis Window 2 Graph In this palette options for Measurement Graph are combined a Show Measurement Graph When Software is opened Measurement Graph is hidden Select this option if you want to show it b Hide Measurement Graph Select this option if you want to hide Measurement Graph 3 Report In this menu options for Report are combined a Save Image for Report Select this option if you want to save Graph Image for later use in report You can choose to save image of Main Graph as well as the Measurement Graph b Report Settings Select this option to apply settings for report Report Settings window will be opened 4 Help a Open User Manual This menu is for opening Help files for the Software b Show Context Help Window
41. ency is ignored Low cutoff frequency Specifies the low cutoff frequency of the filter The default value is 0 125 Hz If the filter type is highpass the low cutoff frequency is ignored Order Specifies the order of the filter The higher the filter order the bigger the roll off Fitting This group combines different methods for fitting data to known curves Linear Fit Description Returns the linear fit of the waveform for the entire or selected range Linear fit is measured using the Least Square Least Absolute Residual or Bisquare method Slope and intercept are also calculated Measurement Category Fitting 45 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurement Settings Tolerance Specifies when to stop the iterative adjustment of slope and intercept when you use the Least Absolute Residual or Bisquare method For the Least Absolute Residual method if the relative difference between residues in two successive iterations is less than tolerance it returns the resulting residue For the Bisquare method if any relative difference between slope and intercept in two successive iterations is less than tolerance it returns the resulting slope and intercept If tolerance is less than or equal to O tolerance automatically sets to 0 0001 Method Specifies the fitting method e Least Square e Least Absolute Residual e Bisquare Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the
42. eous x coordinate of that pair Derivative Description Returns the derivative of the waveform for entire or selected range Measurement Category Mathematics 66 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurement Settings Method Specifies the method of the calculation e 2ndorder e Ath order e Forward e Backward dt Specifies the time interval of the waveform Commonly dt is 1 dfs where dfs is the sampling frequency Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation The formula of the derivatives for four different ways of calculations is shown below e 2nd order fixi Xia Xi 1 e Ath order i f x J aa x iz Xira xip 3X 1 e Forward fix xir x 67 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual e Backward f x ixa Spectral Analysis Measurements in this group perform different spectral analysis These measurements should be applied to the waveform in time domain Auto Power Spectrum Description Returns the auto power spectrum of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement C
43. es the specified interval occurs in the waveform Level Measurements This group combines measurements which concern signal level calculations such as amplitude calculation high low state level calculation etc Amplitude Description Returns the amplitude of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category Levels Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement 35 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Entire waveform Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Amplitude is calculated as the difference between high state level and low state level Peak to Peak Description Returns peak to peak value of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category Levels Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range se
44. es with 50 reference level 83 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Release Notes 1 Excel File Format In the new version the program supports also files in Excel format 2 Updated Menu Bar 2 1 Options Open and Recent Files New options Open and Recent Files are added to the menu bar in Data Analysis Window A file can be opened from the Data Analysis Window in the following way File gt Open Recent Files the program allows to open one of the recent files 2 2 Options Show Context Help Window The new option Show Context Help Window is added to the menu bar in Data Analysis Window It displays short description of object functions 84 RAFA Solutions 2014 Software License and Evaluation You can use the software without activation for 15 days for evaluation purposes In this case you will see notification of days left each time you start the software K DAn5S Data Analysis Software O File Help Options Continue Trial Activate RAFA Solutions Version 1 0 To activate software you should click the Activate button The following window will be opened DAn5 Data Analysis Software O File Help Options Activate Please enter the serial number received with the Software Open File Serial Number 85 RAFA Solutions 2014 Enter the Serial Number which you were provided If entered serial number is correct the following window will be opened for final activation Sho
45. ffset in two successive iterations is less than tolerance it returns the resulting amplitude power and offset If tolerance is less than or equal to O tolerance automatically sets to 0 0001 Method Specifies the fitting method e Least Square e Least Absolute Residual e Bisquare Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors 40 O RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Power fit uses the iterative general Least Square method and the Levenberg Marquardt method to fit data to an experimental curve of the general form described by the following equation f wa c where x is the input sequence a is amplitude b is power and c is offset It finds the values of a b and c that best fit the observations X Y The following equation specifically describes the power function resulting from the general power fit algorithm yli a x i c When you use the Least Square method it finds the amplitude power and offset of the power model by minimizing the residue according to the following equation y Wifi y 1 i 0 The Least Absolute Residual a
46. for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Logarithmic fit uses the iterative general Least Square method and the Levenberg Marquardt method to fit data to a logarithmic function of the general form described by the following equation f alog bx 5 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual where x is the input sequence c is base a is amplitude and b is scale It finds the values of a and b that best fit the observations X Y The following equation describes the logarithm function resulting from the logarithm fit algorithm yli alog bxli X When you use the Least Square method it finds the amplitude and scale of the logarithmic model by minimizing the residue according to the following equation IN mf w Y wd Afi 90 t The Least Absolute Residual and Bisquare methods are robust fitting methods Use these methods if outliers in the observations exist In most cases the Bisquare method is less sensitive to outliers than the Least Absolute Residual method When you use the Least Absolute Residual method it finds the amplitude and scale of the logarithmic model by minimizing
47. form If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Peaks and Valleys are measured based on an algorithm that fits a quadratic polynomial to sequential groups of data points The number of data points used in the fit is specified by width For each peak and valley the quadratic fit is tested against the high and low thresholds Peaks with heights lower than high threshold and valleys with troughs higher than low threshold are ignored Crop Description Returns cropped part of the selected waveform Measurement Category General Measurement Settings None Calculation Part of the selected waveform containing between two cursors is returned 30 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Statistics Measurements in this group are for statistical analysis of the waveform Examples for statistical measurements are calculation of root mean square mean variance etc Mean Description Returns the mean of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category Statistics Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is appli
48. form e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Peaks are measured based on an algorithm that fits a quadratic polynomial to sequential groups of data points The number of data points used in the fit is specified by width For each peak the quadratic fit is tested against the threshold Peaks with heights lower than threshold are ignored Valleys Description Returns Valleys of the waveform for the entire or selected range 28 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurement Category General Measurement Settings Threshold Ignores valleys which amplitudes are greater than threshold Width Specifies the number of consecutive data points to use in the quadratic least squares fit Width is coerced to a value greater than or equal to 3 The value should be no more than about 1 2 of the half width of the valleys and can be much smaller but gt 2 for noise free data Width should be as small as possible but must be balanced against the possibility of false peak detection due to noise Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected mea
49. ght incur for any reason whatsoever including without limitation all damages referenced above and all direct or general damages the entire liability of Licensor and any of its suppliers distributors under any provision of this Agreement and your exclusive remedy for all of the foregoing except for any remedy of repair or replacement elected by Licensor with respect to any breach of the Limited Warranty shall be limited to the greater of the amount actually paid by you for the Product The foregoing limitations exclusions and disclaimers including Sections 9 and 10 above and as stated in the Limited Warranty shall apply to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law even if any remedy fails its essential purpose 17 Consent to use of Data You agree that Licensor and or its affiliates may collect and use technical information you provide as a part of support services if any related to the Product Licensor agrees not to use this information in a form that personally identifies you 89 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual 18 Prerelease Code The Product or any portion thereof may be identified as prerelease code Prerelease Code Such Prerelease Code may be not at the level of performance and compatibility of the final Product The Prerelease Code may not operate correctly and may be substantially modified The grant of license to use Prerelease Code expires upon availability of the final version including trial version of
50. gineer decompile or disassemble the Software except and only to the extent that this Agreement expressly permits despite this limitation 3 7 use any components of the Product to run applications not running on the Software 3 8 make more copies of the Product than specified in this Agreement 3 9 disclose or distribute the Product or any portion thereof to any third party or publish them for others to copy 3 10 rent lease or lend the Product and or any developments improvements modifications made by You or Developer further updates upgrades thereof notwithstanding whether they are made by the Developer Installer Licensor or by You to any third party or 3 11 use the Product in any other manner not expressly stated in the Permitted Purpose 4 Geographic Restrictions You are only permitted to use this Product in the geographic region indicated on the Product if any You should not attempt to install and activate the Software outside of that region 5 Intellectual Property Rights The Software and all copies of the Software are a owned by Developer and protected by applicable copyright laws and international treaty provisions and b licensed only and not sold or leased You shall not remove or alter any copyright patent trademark or other legal notices or disclaimers that exist in the Software All rights not expressly granted to You herein are reserved to Developer 6 Backup Copy You may make one backup copy c
51. he terms and conditions set forth herein 1 4 Product means and includes the Software and all related printed or electronic materials documentation patches and fixes that may be provided or made available to You by Licensor 1 5 Permitted Purpose means the right to use the Product or any portion thereof in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement solely for the internal use of the Licensee 2 License Grant Licensor hereby grants to You and You hereby accept a limited revocable non exclusive non transferable non assignable non sublicenseable license hereinafter License to 2 1 access and use the Product or any portion thereof solely for the Permitted Purpose 2 2 modify and create derivative works of the Software solely for the Permitted Purpose 3 License Restrictions The License is subject to the restrictions below In particular You are not allowed to 3 1 alter any copyright trademark or patent notice in the Product 3 2 use Developer s trademark s in any way and for any purpose 3 3 include the Product or any portion thereof in any malicious deceptive or unlawful programs or 3 4 distribute provide access to or otherwise make the Product as is or modified in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth herein available to any third party 87 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual 3 5 work around any technical limitations in the Software 3 6 reverse en
52. he second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Cubic fit fits the observations X Y by minimizing the following function 57 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual n 1 O E ni na 2 Pa OY i O o where p is the balance parameter yi is the i th element of Y xi is the i th element of X f x is the second order derivative of the f x cubic spline function Ary is the piecewise constant function Ax Ais Xi Zra Kipi for o 1 2 M 2 Where 4 is the i th element of smoothness If p O the fitted model is equivalent to a linear model If p 1 the fitting is equivalent to cubic spline interpolation p must fall in the range O 1 to make the fitted curve both close to the observations and smooth The closer p is to 0 the smoother the fitted curve The closer p is to 1 the closer the fitted curve is to the observations Transforms This group includes different transforms for the waveforms such as Fast Fourier transform Walsh Hadamard transform Fast Hilbert transform etc 58 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Fast Fourier Transform Description Calculates Fast Fourier Transform FFT of the signal FFT computes the discrete Fourier transform of the signal FFT can be computed for the entire or selected range of the signal Measurement Category Transforms Measurement Settings Shift Specifies whether DC
53. highpass filter to filter the waveform in the entire range Measurement Category Filters Measurement Settings Sampling frequency Specifies the frequency in Hz at which the data will be sampled The default value is 1 0 Hz No of Taps Determines the total number of FIR coefficients High frequency Specifies the pass frequency of the filter The default value is 0 3 Hz Stop frequency Specifies the stop frequency of the filter The default value is 0 2 Hz Equiripple Lowpass Filter Description Uses FIR equiripple lowpass filter to filter the waveform in the entire range Measurement Category Filters Measurement Settings Sampling frequency Specifies the frequency in Hz at which the data will be sampled The default value is 1 0 Hz No of Taps Determines the total number of FIR coefficients Pass frequency Specifies the pass frequency of the filter The default value is 0 2 Hz Stop frequency Specifies the stop frequency of the filter The default value is 0 3 Hz 43 O RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Median Filter Description Uses Median filter to filter the waveform in the entire range Measurement Category Filters Measurement Settings Left rank Specifies the number of elements to be used to compute the filter to the left side The default value is 2 Right rank Specifies the number of elements to be used to compute the filter to the right side The default value is 1 Calculation The Median
54. ick appropriate plot legend Shortcut menu for the legend includes the following items 1 Hide Show Select this option if you want to hide visible waveform or to show invisible one Main Graph X1 525 X2 353 AGa 25 T 7 T T T T 7 7 7 Si pps 20 ss Hide Show 15 Color 10 525 920 Sine Line Style 5 353 HAT Line Width 0 Bar Plot 37 Point Style 10 15 Select Deselect j Delete Plot 20 25 i i i i I i l i I il 4124 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1E 3 1 1E 3 Plot legend for hidden waveform appears as grayed out 12 RAFA Solutions 2014 Main Graph X1 546 X2 342 awd 25 20 Sine wave 15 10 gt AS 998 J5 1 005 D 3 5 10 15 20 aay 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 41 24 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1E 3 1 1E 3 2 Color Select this option if you want to change the color of the selected waveform Click the color box and select color from the color palette that appears 3 Line Style Select this option if you want to change the line style of the waveform Select the style you want from the series of styles 4 Line Width Select this option to change the line width of the waveform 5 Bar Plot Select this option if you want to fill the bar for the selected waveform 6 Point Style Select this option to change the point style of the waveform 7 Select Deselect Select this option to make the waveform selected or to deselect already selected wavefor
55. ions of merchantability of fitness for a particular purpose of accuracy or completeness of responses of results of workmanlike effort of lack of viruses and of lack of negligence all with regard to the Product and the provision of or failure to provide support services ALSO THERE IS NO WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF TITLE QUIET ENJOYMENT QUIET POSSESSION AND CORRESPONDENCE TO DESCRIPTION OR NON INFRINGEMENT 15 EXCLUSION OF INCIDENTAL CONSEQUENTIAL AND OTHER DAMAGES IN NO EVENT SHALL LICENSOR AND OR ITS SUPPLIERS DISTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL INCIDENTAL INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHATSOEVER INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS OR CONFIDENTIAL OR OTHER INFORMATION FOR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION FOR PERSONAL INJURY FOR LOSS OF PRIVACY FOR FAILURE TO MEET ANY DUTY INCLUDING OF GOOD FAITH OR OF REASONABLE CARE FOR NEGLIGENCE AND FOR ANY OTHER PECUNIARY OR OTHER LOSS WHATSOEVER ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY WAY RELATED TO THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT THE PROVISION OF OR FAILURE TO PROVIDE SUPPORT SERVICES OR OTHERWISE UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH ANY PROVISION OF THIS AGREEMENT EVEN IN THE EVENT OF THE FAULT TORT INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE STRICT LIABILITY BREACH OF CONTRACT OR BREACH OF WARRANTY OF LICENSOR OR ANY SUPPLIER AND EVEN IF LICENSOR OR ANY SUPPLIER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES 16 Limitation of Liability and Remedies Notwithstanding any damages that you mi
56. irst option is selected duty cycle is calculated for all pulses If the second option is selected duty cycle is calculated for the selected pulse Reference Level Specifies the middle reference level of the waveform in percent required to determine duty cycle Percentage is defined relative to the topline levels Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Duty cycle is calculated as the ration of the positive pulse width to the period of the waveform Period is calculated by finding two consecutive edges of the waveform with the same polarity Period is the difference in time between reference crossings of the two adjacent edges Positive pulse width is calculated as the difference in time between reference level crossing of a rising edge and reference level crossing of the next falling edge of the waveform Positive Pulse Width Duty Cycle oe Period Example of the duty cycle calculation is shown with 50 reference level 75 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Positive Pulse Width Description Measures duration of the positive pulse of the
57. ist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors 81 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Slew rate is calculated as the difference between the high and low reference levels of the waveform divided by the transition time of the edge Transitions are defined by finding crossing with the high and low reference levels of the waveform High Reference Level Low Reference Level Slew Rate q EQT gt Y O CSS Transition duration Example of slew rate calculation is shown for rising edge with 10 and 90 low and high reference levels respectively 90 i Rise Time Level Difference Delay Description Measures Delay between the specified edges of two waveforms for the entire or selected range Delay is the time difference between reference level crossings of the two consecutive edges of the two waveforms with the same polarity Delay can be measured for all or selected pulses Measurement Category Time Domain Measurement Settings Calculate for Specifies pulses for which measurement should be done Two options exist for the measurement e All Pulses e Pulse Number 82 O RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual If the
58. lected with the graph cursors Calculation Peak to peak value is calculated as the difference between maximum and minimum values of the waveform High State Level Description Returns the high state level of the waveform for the entire or selected range 36 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurement Category Levels Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation High state level returns the level at which a pulse or transition waveform is defined to be in its highest state Low State Level Description Returns the low state level of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category Levels Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph
59. m Main Graph X1 546 X2 342 AGa 25 El Sine wave P 20 Hide Show 15 Color 10 546 H998 au A Line Style 342 Line Width 0 i Bar Plot qua Point Style 10 20 Delete Plot 25 aj I I I 1 I I I I I 1 1i 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1E 3 1 1E 3 Plot legend for the selected plot appears with red borders 13 RAFA Solutions 2014 Main Graph x1 546 x 342 A US A i ree ne of Vga XA PAL PA XA ARA Ops fo IALIA AA AAA 3 ETEEN E I I l I I I i 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 200 900 1E 3 1 1E 3 8 Delete Plot Select this option if you want to delete plotted waveform Graph Palette Main Graph You can apply general changes to the graph from the Graph Palette There are five options available from this palette 1 Cursor Select this option if you want to move cursors of the graph Main Graph 2098 xz 20 049 QW Sine wave Sine RATA AAA AAN AT PV Py Y Py a Pf Y PY YM A A A ESSE SS ee a st i f ta f i ft tt tt te 1 1 E VAR VP VP AR AR OVE VER VEY a a a a sa A C E U a SU Se 2 Zoom Select one of zoom options to apply to graph Main Graph 20 98 x 20 049 NINA IATA TAN 3 ARARA my p i ae se See ee ee eee e gt ae HERG aot__t_f 1 ao ie A NI AJA JA JO MERA ge ae al ae e vd vi val ats a 21 14 RAFA Solutions 2014 3 Hand Tool Select this option to move the graph Main Graph 20 98 x2 20 049 40 t
60. measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Linear fit is calculated by the iterative general Least Square method and the Levenberg Marquardt method to fit experimental data to a straight line of the general form described by the following equation f axt b where x is the input sequence a is slope and b is intercept It finds the values of a and b that best fit the observations X Y 46 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual The Least Absolute Residual and Bisquare methods are robust fitting methods Use these methods if outliers in the observations exist In most cases the Bisquare method is less sensitive to outliers than the Least Absolute Residual method When you use the Least Absolute Residual method it finds the slope and intercept of the linear model by minimizing residue according to the following equation N 1 i 0 Exponential Fit Description Returns the exponential fit of the waveform for the entire or selected range Exponential fit uses the Least Square Least Absolute Residual or Bisquare method Amplitude and damping are also calculated Measurement Category Fitting Measurement Settings Tolerance Specifies
61. ment Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Gaussian peak fit uses the iterative general Least Square method and the Levenberg Marquardt method to fit data to a Gaussian curve in a form described by the following equation Pi ZA f a exp c where x is the input sequence a is amplitude 53 O RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual u is center 2 is standard deviation c is offset It finds the values of amplitude center standard deviation and offset that best fit the observations X Y The following equation specifically describes the Gaussian curve resulting from the Gaussian fit algorithm ZN yli A exp a e When you use the Least Square method it finds the amplitude center standard deviation and offset of the Gaussian model by minimizing the residue according to the following equation Z y WCF yi i 0 The Least Absolute Residual and Bisquare methods are robust fitting methods Use these methods if outliers in the observations exist In most cases the Bisquare method is less sensitive to outliers than the Least Absolute Residual method When you use the Least A
62. nd Bisquare methods are robust fitting methods Use these methods if outliers in the observations exist In most cases the Bisquare method is less sensitive to outliers than the Least Absolute Residual method When you use the Least Absolute Residual method it finds the amplitude power and offset of the power model by minimizing residue according to the following equation N 1 E Y Wilf il N E ilf Yi 50 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Logarithmic Fit Description Returns the logarithmic fit of the waveform for the entire or selected range Logarithmic fit uses the Least Square Least Absolute Residual or Bisquare method Amplitude and scale are also calculated Measurement Category Fitting Measurement Settings Base Specifies the base of the logarithm Tolerance Specifies when to stop the iterative adjustment of amplitude and scale For the Least Square and Least Absolute Residual methods if the relative difference between residues in two successive iterations is less than tolerance it returns the resulting residue For the Bisquare method if any relative difference between amplitude and scale in two successive iterations is less than tolerance it returns the resulting amplitude and scale If tolerance is less than or equal to O tolerance automatically sets to 0 0001 Method Specifies the fitting method e Least Square e Least Absolute Residual e Bisquare Apply measurement on Specifies the range
63. nual Select data for measurements Measurements can be applied only on the waveforms which are plotted on the Main Graph You should select the waveform you want to do measurements on from the list of waveforms plotted on the Main Graph by clicking on the plot legend or from Shortcut Menu by right clicking the plot legend and selecting Select Deselect option The selected plot legend is shown with red borders By choosing Select Deselect option second time or clicking on the selected plot it is possible to deselect it There are measurements which should be done on a single waveform such as Peaks Valleys and so on in this case single plot should be selected and there are those for which two waveforms should be selected for example Crossing If you choose incorrect number of plots a message will appear in the Status bar with appropriate warning No measurement will be done in this case Selecting range for measurements Before doing any measurement Measurement Settings window for the selected measurement is being opened You can do the measurement on the Entire Waveform or on the Selected range In the case of selected range measurement is being done on the part of the waveform within two cursors on the Main Graph A DAnS Data Analysis Software 0 File Graph Report Help ptt FS Spectral Time General Statistics Levels Filters Fittin Transforms Math Analysis Domain Calculator Report
64. opies of the Software You may use it only to reinstall the Software 7 Documentation Any person that has valid access to your computer or internal network may copy and use the documentation for your internal reference purposes 8 Third Party Programs The Software may contain third party programs The license terms with those programs apply to your use of them 9 Limitation on and Exclusion of Damages No Party shall be liable for consequential damages lost profits special indirect or incidental damages This limitation applies to anything related to the software services content on third party Internet sites or third party programs as well as claims for breach of contract breach of warranty guarantee or condition strict liability negligence or other tort to the extent permitted by applicable law It also applies even if repair replacement or a refund for the Software if any does not fully compensate you for any losses or Licensor knew or should have known about the possibility of the damages 10 Limited Warranty If you follow the instructions and the Software is properly licensed the Software will perform substantially as described in the Licensor s materials that you receive in or with the Software The limited warranty covers the software for 90 days after acquiring by you If you receive supplements updates or replacement software during warranty period they will be covered for the remainder of the warranty 11 Ex
65. range Slew Rate can be measured for all or selected pulses Measurement Category Time Domain Measurement Settings Calculate for Specifies pulses for which measurement should be done Two options exist for the measurement e All Pulses e Pulse Number If the first option is selected slew rate is calculated for the specified edges of all pulses If the second option is selected slew rate is calculated for the edge of the selected pulse Edge Specifies the direction of the transition for which slew rate measurement should be done Two options exist for the measurement e Rising e Falling If the first option is selected slew rate is calculated for rising edges If the second options is selected slew rate is calculated for the falling edges High Reference Level Specifies the high reference level of the waveform in percent required to determine transition interval Percentage is defined relative to the topline levels High reference level crossing defines the end of a rising transition interval and the start of a falling transition interval Low Reference Level Specifies the low reference level of the waveform in percent required to determine transition interval Percentage is defined relative to the baseline levels Low reference level crossing defines the start of a rising transition interval and the end of a falling transition interval Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options ex
66. rement Graph Fe YB to ATN O O ee gD me S tT ft tT 7 y Ni MUAY E ON O O O a A SS AS l l l l l l l l l l 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 310 520 330 540 350 360 370 Names of the saved data appear in the Measurement list in the left part of the window You can add them to Main Graph by double clicking 16 O RAFA Solutions 2014 File Graph Report Help hg Levels Filters Fitting Transforms vere a Hy Calculator Report Mit B pty ps y vw A b Hy y Data Analysis Software Main Graph Q s Vw Po ina Do E Vw Vw aw yw Sie WWW Ww 7 ira 7 505 EN l i i i oe 100 200 1E 3 1 1E 3 1 24E 3 Measurement imum Double click Measurement Graph HA PAE P Rn 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Delete 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 Groups of Measurements On the top part of the window there is the list of Measurement Groups Click one of the measurements to see its menu on the top left part of the window By default General Measurements menu is opened After The Menu of the selected type of measurements is opened the measurements can be done for the selected data Measurement list All saved measurements appear in the Measurement list on the left bottom part of the window You can select measurements from this list by clicking on the appropriate row of the list Selected measurements can be deleted by clicking Delete button under the
67. robust fitting methods Use these methods if outliers in the observations exist In most cases the Bisquare method is less sensitive to outliers than the Least Absolute Residual method 56 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual When you use the Least Absolute Residual method it finds Polynomial Coefficient of polynomial model by minimizing residue according to the following equation y N 1 y WAY i 0 Cubic Spline Fit Description Uses cubic spline fitting to smooth the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category Fitting Measurement Settings Balance parameter Specifies the balance between the smoothness of the cubic spline fit and the accuracy with which it fits the observations Balance parameter must fall within the range 0 1 If balance parameter is O the cubic spline fit is equivalent to a linear fit If balance parameter is 1 the cubic spline fit interpolates between the data points If balance parameter is out of the range 0 1 it calculates an appropriate value for balance parameter automatically Method Specifies the fitting method e Least Square e Least Absolute Residual e Bisquare Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If t
68. rs Measurement Settings Filter type Specifies the filter type to be applied e Highpass e Lowpass e Bandpass e Bandstop Sampling frequency Specifies the frequency in Hz at which the data will be sampled The default value is 1 0 Hz High cutoff frequency Specifies the high cutoff frequency of the filter The default value is 0 45 Hz If the filter type is lowpass high cutoff frequency is ignored Low cutoff frequency Specifies the low cutoff frequency of the filter The default value is 0 125 Hz If the filter type is highpass the low cutoff frequency is ignored Ripple Specifies the ripple in passband Ripple should be expressed in decibels Order Specifies the order of the filter The higher the filter order the bigger the roll off Inverse Chebyshev Filter Description Uses Inverse Chebyshev filter to filter the waveform in the entire range 40 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurement Category Filters Measurement Settings Filter type Specifies the filter type to be applied e Highpass e Lowpass e Bandpass e Bandstop Sampling frequency Specifies the frequency in Hz at which the data will be sampled The default value is 1 0 Hz High cutoff frequency Specifies the high cutoff frequency of the filter The default value is 0 45 Hz If the filter type is lowpass high cutoff frequency is ignored Low cutoff frequency Specifies the low cutoff frequency of the filter The default value is
69. sform can be computed for the entire or selected range of the signal Measurement Category Transforms Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation The Hilbert transform of a function is given as a t E 0 a A a The Hilbert transform is a multiplier operator The symbol of H is oH w i sgn w where sgn is the signum function Fourier transform of the Hilbert transform of a function x t is A t H f isgn f X f where x t SXG is a Fourier transform pair and i f gt 0O 1 f lt 0 Fast Hilbert transform performs the discrete implementation of the Hilbert transform with the aid of the fast Fourier transform routines based upon the h t S HA Fourier transform pair 60 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Inverse Fast Hilbert Transform Description Calculates the inverse fast Hilbert Transform of the signal Inverse Fast Hilbert Transform can be computed for the entire or selected range of the signal Measurement Category Transforms Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the r
70. sive iterations is less than tolerance it returns the resulting Polynomial Coefficients If tolerance is less than or equal to O tolerance automatically sets to 0 0001 Method Specifies the fitting method e Least Square e Least Absolute Residual e Bisquare Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform 55 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation It fits data to a polynomial function of the general form described by the following equation j i where f represents the output sequence Best Polynomial Fit x is the input sequence a represents Polynomial Coefficients and m represents polynomial order It finds the value of a that best fits the observations X Y The following equation specifically describes the polynomial curve resulting from the general polynomial fit algorithm y gt eli j 1 x When you use the Least Square method it finds the Polynomial Coefficient of polynomial model by minimizing the residue according to the following equation i N 1 y Wi fj yi i 0 The Least Absolute Residual and Bisquare methods are
71. surement 78 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Rise time is calculated by finding crossing with the high and low reference levels of the waveform Rise time is the time duration from when the waveform crosses the low reference level until it crosses the high reference level Example of rise time calculation is shown with 10 and 90 low and high reference levels respectively WO A aoar N A A y 90 f Lt ms Rise Time fad pa Y o O Fall Time Description Measures Fall time of the waveform between selected high and low reference levels for the entire or selected range Fall time can be measured for all or selected pulses Measurement Category Time Domain Measurement Settings Calculate for Specifies pulses for which measurement should be done Two options exist for the measurement e All Pulses e Pulse Number 79 O RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual If the first option is selected fall time is calculated for all pulses If the second option is selected fall time is calculated for the selected pulse High Reference Level Sp
72. surement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Valleys are measured based on an algorithm that fits a quadratic polynomial to sequential groups of data points The number of data points used in the fit is specified by width For each valley the quadratic fit is tested against the threshold Valleys with troughs higher than threshold are ignored Peaks and Valleys Description Returns Peaks and Valleys of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category General Measurement Settings High Threshold Ignores peaks which amplitudes are less than high threshold Low Threshold Ignores valleys which amplitudes are greater than low threshold Width Specifies the number of consecutive data points to use in the quadratic least squares fit Width is coerced to a value greater than or equal to 3 The value should be no more than about 1 2 29 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual of the half width of the peaks valleys and can be much smaller but gt 2 for noise free data Width should be as small as possible but must be balanced against the possibility of false peak detection due to noise Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of wave
73. t is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Calculates the spectrum of the waveform using the fast Fourier transformation of the input signal with following formula F g i A where n is the number of points in the input signal and F X is the Fourier transform of the X function 69 O RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Phase Spectrum Description Returns the phase spectrum of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category Spectral Analysis Measurement Settings Ir dt Specifies the time interval of the waveform Commonly dt is laf where Is is the sampling frequency Unwrap phase Enables the option of phase unwrapping The default value is ON Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Phase spectrum is calculated by taking the exponential part of the calculated one sided spectrum Cross Power Spectrum Description Returns the power spectrum of the two crossed waveforms for entire
74. ters Measurement Settings Sampling frequency Specifies the frequency in Hz at which the data will be sampled The default value is 1 0 Hz No of Taps Determines the total number of FIR coefficients Higher stop frequency Specifies the higher frequency of the stop band The default value is 0 4 Hz Lower stop frequency Specifies the lower frequency of the stopband The default value is 0 2 Hz Higher pass frequency Specifies the higher frequency of passband The default value is 0 35 Hz Lower pass frequency Specifies the lower frequency of the passband The default value is 0 25 Hz Equiripple Bandstop Filter Description Uses FIR equiripple bandstop filter to filter the waveform in the entire range Measurement Category Filters Measurement Settings Sampling frequency Specifies the frequency in Hz at which the data will be sampled The default value is 1 0 Hz No of Taps Determines the total number of FIR coefficients 4 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Higher stop frequency Specifies the higher frequency of the stopband The default value is 0 35 Hz Lower stop frequency Specifies the lower frequency of the stopband The default value is 0 25 Hz Higher pass frequency Specifies the higher frequency of the passband The default value is 0 4 Hz Lower pass frequency Specifies the lower frequency of the passband The default value is 0 2 Hz Equiripple Highpass Filter Description Uses FIR equi ripple
75. th the graph cursors 22 O RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Calculation For provided X value returns the corresponding Y value Crossing Description Measures crossings of two waveforms for the entire or selected range It is possible to find all or selected crossings Measurement Category General Measurement Settings Method Defines the method curves will be interpolated by e Nearest e Linear e Spline e Cubic Hermite e Lagrange Accuracy Defines the accuracy of the measurement The smaller this parameter the bigger accuracy of the measurement is Accuracy is a positive parameter it cannot equal to 0 as well Calculate for Specifies the crossings for which measurement should be done Two options exist for the measurement e All Crossings e Crossing Number If the first option is selected all crossings of the waveforms are returned If the second option is selected selected crossing is returned Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform 23 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Crossing is calculated by finding poin
76. the Product 19 Update License Terms All updates shall be considered part of the Product and subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement Additional license terms may accompany Updates as defined above By installing copying or otherwise using any Update you agree to be bound by the terms accompanying each such Update If you do not agree to the additional license terms accompanying such Updates you should not install copy or otherwise use such Updates 20 Entire Agreement This Agreement including any addendum or amendment to this Agreement are the entire agreement between you and Licensor relating to the Product and the Support Services if any and they supersede all prior or contemporaneous oral or written communications proposals and representations with respect to the Product or any other subject matter covered by this Agreement To the extent the terms of any Licensor policies or programs for Support Services conflict with the terms of this Agreement the terms of this Agreement shall control 21 Applicable Law The law of the country of registration of the Licensor governs the interpretation execution and performance of this Agreement 22 Termination Without prejudice to any other rights Licensor may cancel this Agreement if you do not abide by the terms and conditions of this Agreement in which case you must destroy all copies of the Product 90 O RAFA Solutions 2014
77. the difference in time between reference level crossing of a rising edge and reference level crossing of the next falling edge of the waveform Pulse width is calculated by finding two consecutive edges of the waveform Example of the negative pulse width calculation is shown with 50 reference level PA Me ily Rise Time Description Measures Rise time of the waveform between selected high and low reference levels for the entire or selected range Rise time can be measured for all or selected pulses Measurement Category Time Domain Measurement Settings Calculate for Specifies pulses for which measurement should be done Two options exist for the measurement e All Pulses e Pulse Number If the first option is selected rise time is calculated for all pulses If the second option is selected rise time is calculated for the selected pulse High Reference Level Specifies the high reference level of the waveform in percent required to determine transition interval Percentage is defined relative to the topline levels High reference level crossing defines the end of a rising transition interval Low Reference Level Specifies the low reference level of the waveform in percent required to determine transition interval Percentage is defined relative to the baseline levels Low reference level crossing defines the start of a rising transition interval Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the mea
78. the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation The real Laplace transform of a real signal x s is given as X s J x t e dt for S gt 0 and S real x t is defined for all t gt 0 65 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Mathematics This group combines mathematical calculations such as integral and derivative Integral Description Returns the integral of the waveform for entire or selected range The calculation of waveforms with non monotonic X axis can return incorrect results Measurement Category Mathematics Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Integral of the curve in the selected range is the sum of the areas of rectangles which are formed by pairs of two neighboring x coordinates and y value corresponding to the right
79. ts with the save values for two waveforms After crossing of two waveforms is found corresponding Y axis value is returned If selected two waveforms don t have any crossings NaN value is returned Delta X Description Returns the delta X value of the waveform for the selected range Measurement Category General Measurement Settings None Calculation Delta X is a difference between two X axis points for the range of waveform selected with graph cursors Example of delta X calculation is shown below nl Delta X gt 24 O RAFA Solutions 2014 Delta Y Description Returns the delta Y value of the waveform for the selected range Measurement Category General Measurement Settings None Calculation Delta Y is a difference between two Y axis points for the range of waveform selected with graph cursors Example of delta Y calculation is shown below Delta Y e i Maximum Description Measures Maximum Value of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category General Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement 25 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected meas
80. ulation is shown with 50 reference level 76 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual 50 Positive Pulse Width Negative Pulse Width Description Measures duration of the negative pulse of the waveform for the entire or selected range Pulse width is the time difference between reference level crossings of the two adjacent edges of the pulse Pulse width can be measured for all or selected pulses Measurement Category Time Domain Measurement Settings Calculate for Specifies pulses for which measurement should be done Two options exist for the measurement e All Pulses e Pulse Number If the first option is selected width is calculated for all pulses If the second option is selected width is calculated for the selected pulse Reference Level Specifies the middle reference level of the waveform in percent required to determine pulse width Percentage is defined relative to the topline levels Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors TI RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Calculation Pulse width for the negative pulse is calculated as
81. urement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Maximum value of the input sequence is returned Minimum Description Measures Minimum Value of the waveform for the entire or selected range Measurement Category General Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Minimum value of the input sequence is returned X at Maximum Description Returns the X coordinate of the Maximum value of the waveform for the entire or selected range 26 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual Measurement Category General Measurement Settings Apply measurement on Specifies the range for the measurement Two options exist for the measurement e Entire waveform e Selected range of waveform If the first option is selected measurement is applied to the entire waveform regardless of what is viewed or selected with graph cursors If the second option is selected measurement is applied only to the X range selected with the graph cursors Calculation Finds the maximum value and returns corresponding X
82. verse Walsh Hadamard Transform sssessssssseeeesesssssrerressssssrrrresssssssrereresssssreeresssssserrrreesssseeerreesssseeeereee 64 Ece T e OM Mid E 65 AEEA E EE E o A E A E E E E E E E EA 66 E PP A 66 A AP o A A 66 SECTAS ans 68 2 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual AUTO TOW Spec IU eea ona 68 POWer gt DECIME adan 69 PPS a POE a E E O wena EE EEEE AEE T 70 OT Sa ONS UG e TE EENE 70 o SIC NT ea en oo OE A e 71 TME OT rT AS aS Mets nostra 72 PENO A o o o A A 72 aE SLE i E EE ENE E AEE EE AEE AEE EE AE EEEE AE E REE EE E 73 DUC A E Ae ee re 74 POSITIVE PUSO Prada aaa po atados 76 ii A asennad E E EEE 77 A gq En ere ere 78 A o e A 79 SW AUS ARE EE o O O 0 O O OO 81 DAA 82 e Ei O SG veveerucvensauresonrotaausnetunsteveosacvandundede II sand tre bdevesinesenceuenes 84 Sotware License and EV AION ine n SS 85 BCR CAC PEO RO mea uuesucantnes 87 3 RAFA Solutions 2014 Me Data Analysis Software DAnS Data Analysis Software is a graphical tool designed for viewing and analyzing logged data Logged data is displayed in the form of waveforms on a graph DanS works with most popular file formats such as Excel and TDMS Software incorporates different types of analysis and measurements as well as embedded calculator Tool also allows to export logged or measured data to Excel or TDMS format files and create Report for the results in Excel Word or PDF formats Getting Started DAnS Software incorporates
83. wn code should be sent to the provided email address to get activation code Please send the following code to info ratfasolutions cam for activation 19CA 41D7 7EF4 84G4 4C2C 6H98 BF1C 3887 Activation Code lf entered activation code is correct the following window will appear Activation was Successfull Enjoy 86 RAFA Solutions 2014 DAnS User Manual License Agreement END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT THIS END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT AGREEMENT IS A LEGAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN YOU AND THE LICENSOR YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT BY INSTALLING COPYING OR OTHERWISE USING THE PRODUCT AS SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT IF YOU DO NOT AGREE WITH THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT YOU SHOULD NOT INSTALL OR USE THE PRODUCT BY INSTALLING COPYING OR USING THE UPDATES OF THE PRODUCT UPDATES IF ANY YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE ADDITIONAL LICENSE TERMS THAT MAY ACCOMPANY SUCH UPDATES IFYOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE ADDITIONAL LICENSE TERMS THAT ACCOMPANY SUCH UPDATES YOU SHOULD NOT INSTALL COPY OR USE SUCH UPDATES 1 Definitions As used herein the following terms have the following meanings 1 1 You or Licensee means the end user who legally received access to use the Software and the Product in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth herein 1 2 Licensor means RAFA Solutions 1 3 Software means the computer software provided to You by Licensor in accordance with t

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