T H E R M O P T I M ® VAPOR CHARTS
Contents
1. Cycle This operation suppresses the corresponding point values which cannot be displayed again if the cycle has not been saved If you just wish to hide a cycle from the screen unselect it in the cycle manager frame by double clicking on its line Saving a cycle Once a set of points has been entered and possibly recalculated and validated it can be saved as an ASCII text file in order to be subsequently processed either by the software or by a spreadsheet or a text editor To do that select the menu item Save the cycle of menu Cycle A dialog window allowing you to name the file is shown Name it and click on Save to save the cycle Loading a cycle THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual January 2012 12 You can import in the software either for displaying it or to process it a cycle which has been saved previously or created in another working environment To do that you just have to configure a data file structured as follows May 2 2002 11 45 33 o clock CEST colortrue savellniv true reheat and extraction steam cycle 15 temperature T C pressure P fbar enthalpy h entropy volume v m3 kg quality x 4 24 09951 0 03 2405 15295 0 10506 43 04211 0 942514 24 09951 0 03 101 04079 0 354516 0 00100266 2242467 30 104 45364 0 355026 O 00100135 198 53464 200 51421 342 13097 342 13097 3 331 01498 233 04061 233 04081 233 04081 331 01445 4 24 09951 30 846 40069 1502. As shown in the entropy chart the 2 EF isobars are longer horizontal segments in the liquid vapor equilibrium zone but curves slightly on upward R410A entropy chart In the h P chart the isotherms are no longer horizontal segments in the liquid vapor equilibrium zone but curves slightly downward Note that the characteristics of the model are recalled in these diagrams ress P ter server properties TEPlib mixtures name of substance R410A and molar composition TEPlib mixtures R410A R32 0 700 R125 0 301 1 m T Use of mixture charts in Thermoptim For mixture charts to be available a a este d number of files must be prepared as E described in the documentation of the TY external CreateMixtureCharts java enthalpy h class We assume here that it was fiM done R410A h P chart Charts also loaded from the simulator interactive chart interface in which has been added an additional line called external mixtures which must be selected The chart screen is opened but without a substance being selected Temperature Load the mixture The menu Mixture data allows you to do it Select the line Load Read chart data file the mixture The list of available charts is displayed Select the one of interest here R410A Display mixture
3. and pressure in ordinate T s entropic chart with entropy in abscissa and temperature in ordinate B v Clapeyron chart with volume in abscissa and pressure in ordinate A h s Mollier chart with enthalpy in abscissa and entropy in ordinate h xh exergy chart with enthalpy in abscissa and exergy in ordinate s xh exergy chart with entropy in abscissa and exergy in ordinate Selection of the chart type The substance properties can be displayed several coordinate systems used by thermodynamicians When a chart is selected available substances are enabled in the substance list Similarly when a substance 15 selected the available charts are enabled in the chart type list To select one of the types click on the corresponding menu item The screen is immediately updated THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual January 2012 Choice of the temperature unit and of the environment reference temperature To Temperatures can be expressed either in Kelvin or in Celsius degrees To select the unit chosen click on menu item or C of menu Temperature For and s xh exergy charts the environment reference temperature can be modified from menu Temperature A frame asks you to enter the T value either in Kelvin or Celsius depending on the unit chosen When you quit the value is saved in the chart parameter file TO Choosing the line width By
4. char line colors types it is of course possible to repeat the color selection process for each substance as explained above but the task will be tedious Another way of doing it consists in directly 255 modifying the chart initialization files which 0 structured as shown below 255 255 These files are named xxxxhp txt for the 192 h P chart or xxxxTs txt for the T s chart axis layout and located in the directory data xxxx being tue false true true 3500 500 250 4 60517019 the substance name The list of the color codes is given in eleven lines the first one relative to the screen background the ten others relative to the various curve colors Applying a set of colors to other substances and chart types can be done very easily by copying these eleven lines in the corresponding files It is recommended however to make a copy of the initial files before modifying them THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual January 2012 Changing the axes layout axis layout The abscissa and ordinate axes layout can be modified by selecting the menu item X Axis ou Y Axis of menu Chart vj Grid automatic scale logarithmic scale Minimum f If you select checkbox Grid vertical lines for the abscissa axis and horizontal lines for the ordinate 3 500 axis are plotted on the chart at the main unit tick Main unit 500 Auto If you select checkbox
5. 661 75455 150 1611 00121 150 2515 01883 150 3474 930951 30 3072 290067 a0 2002 29415 1 08 3587 1 30 2602 29415 20 307 2 29887 30 3580 5 844 2405 15295 2 31462 2 31795 3 65601 5 31795 6 55366 6 67356 5 18387 2 64565 5 18387 6 67356 r 40211 0 10506 0 00115271 0 00114445 0 00165 92 0 0103403 0 0233126 0 070616 0 066661 0 00121634 0 066661 0 0870616 0 125079 43 04211 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 4 0 94251 25 Couleurs des traits du graphique 0 In this example the file has been created by the software but file structured similarly can be read processed The line separator is the Enter character and the column separator the tabulation The two first lines are not taken into account but they must exist The third one provides various information here the cycle is in colour and has been saved in a universal way i e with the enclish format The fourth and fifth lines give in second column the cycle title and a comment describing it If the first column cells are empty these informations are not read The sixth line first column must include a text in which appears the name of the substance used in order to warn the user if the substance selected for the chart is not the same as that for which the cycle has been calculated The second column indicates the temperature unit The seventh line first column must be a non empty text and the second one the number of poi
6. T 107 C T 87 C T 67 C T 4 C T 27 C 11111010 EE 0101101110100 j e e V wv wo VW UV Uu uw uw n mu m u gu u gu gu mu m n uH A VEHI f 50 100 150 400 450 500 enthalpy h Thermodynamic charts of external mixtures As explained in Volume 3 of the Thermoptim reference manual the external classes allow one to define external substances in particular external mixtures whose calculation is performed by thermodynamic properties servers External mixtures not being included in Thermoptim the software does not provide their thermodynamic charts To overcome this limitation we added a new chart type called external mixture chart which allows the use of simplified entropy and h P charts Creation of external mixture charts The preparation of the chart background can be made thanks to a special external class called CreateMixtureCharts java You should refer to its documentation for further details on this topic THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual January 2012 14 The new charts are simplified compared to the others in that they show only the bubble and dew curves as well as a single set of isovalues i e the isobars for the entropy chart and the isotherms for the h P chart TEPlib mixtures R410A R32 0 700 R125 0 301 117777 1 12 A These charts being a variation of vapor charts their use is explained in the documentation of these A
7. to set the point on the saturation curve if the quality is equal to O it is located on the saturated liquid curve if it is equal to 1 it is located on the saturated vapor curve It is also possible to recalculate h s couples for substances whose Mollier chart can be plotted Once the point is recalculated as you wish the modifications made in the editor can be transferred on the chart by clicking on button Validate Automatically the editor table points are then repositionned on the screen WATCH OUT The cycle point editor will be closed without the points being validated Do you wish to continue om conca Once you are back in the main chart window you can enter additional points If you want to display them in the cycle points editor you must select again menu item Edit a cycle of menu Cycle If the editor was previously opened a message informs you that the points will not be validated if you continue The reason for this is that the software cannot guess which values are the right ones those from the chart or those from the editor If you do not want to validate the points previously modified click on OK Otherwise cancel and then go into the editor validate the old points and iterate Cycle handling You now know how to create and modify points In next pages we shall refer to a set of points as a cycle Point creation from the cycle editor In addition to the recalculation and validation functions dis
8. OUN S IMPROVEMENTS IN CYCLEEPEOTIUNGS 22 38 9 819 289884 eRe LINCS escas CV CVC TALC asain stare TT P T RUN Chanoine the Superposition of Several CYCIES on Chal PSA SUC Roy 8L EEEN EN RR TH PER NO Rem Cy emm PRINTING CHART SESSION isa aude du dew Peon rere SELECTING 1SOV ALUE CURVER DISPLAY THERMODYNAMIC CHARTS OF EXTERNAL 5 2 2 0 CLEA ON OF CHAINS urs Veo miuturexharts qm iusto d ases GICQUEL 1998 2012 All rights reserved This document may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the author s express written permission except for the personal licensee s use and solely in accordance with the contractual terms indicated in
9. THERMOPTIMe VAPOR CHARTS USER S MANUAL CONTENTS VAPOR CHART USER S MANUAL rites catepdansecscocbansceocnstsstecdedsasesteconsescguancdeveeessddsedestesteccnsecaecevacssseats OVERALL PRESENTATION tet deceased cM P THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SUBSTANCES isnt decade pelea E MD INTERNATIONALISATION NUMBER FORMATTING cos eve ed end EUR d CUSTOMIZING THE WORKING e hse esu ese sse sese sese see SUD STA CO SCLC CMON NT DOES LAVIN substance DVO CITIES sio cot sca SENON O ICSC ONE Choice of the temperature unit and of the environment reference temperature To eese E TTE TTA m C Modifying line and screen background Chanoine CIN CSA GY OU MPH Em CHART USE DISPLAY AND RECALCULATION OF 1 2 2 2 1 USNE RCV DOGFO E a A mue ues OAR aS ESA sre SIUS MERC Point creation from the Cycle COON COMEC E P
10. automatic scale the 97 unit 280 Auto software searches a scale covering the whole range of values The scale is logarithmic if you select the corresponding checkbox linear otherwise When the automatic scale checkbox is not selected you can enter the minimum and maximum values that you wish The values of the main and minor units can be either automatically calculated either entered by you depending whether the corresponding Auto checkbox is selected or not If the unit values are not consistent with those of the minimum and maximum or between themselves a beep warns you Watch out if the automatic scale checkbox is selected your values will be replaced by those that the software will calculate When you are done with your modifications click on OK to save the new layout or on Cancel to go back to the previous values Chart use display and recalculation of a point Using the interactive charts is quite simple position the crosshair cursor at the point whose thermodynamic properties you wish to get and click so that they may be displayed on the screen For the vapor charts these properties are pressure bar temperature K or C enthalpy kJ kg entropy kJ kg K mass volume m kg and quality dimensionless ratio of the mass of the gaseous phase to the total mass As the cursor positionning accuracy is a function of the screen resolution and is generally not very high it is possible to make more preci
11. by default It is possible to connect them by a broken line by selecting the menu temperature T T s entropy chart for water ES 7715 screen background ht ES Sas pes p 250 e Ch item Connected points of menu Cycle This way of doing is widely used for representing a thermo dynamical cycle In the following example 15 shown a entropic T s chart a simplified reheat steam power plant Rankine cycle The software connects the E fs x SY PL SW A a NW ERE 320 amp ada5easos5 5 lt lt XX X 4 044595595971 nuu gn nw CcOOOOOOOOOOoOoOOoOoOOoOoOo JttbrNeNGOCOCOCCQOCQOOOO IN 0 2 4 6 8 10 entropy 5 points in the same order as they appear in the editor starting from the first line If this order is not the right one you may have to sort the points in the cycle editor To do that you can move the points using the arrows which appear in the right of the editor select a line that you wish to move click on the up or down arrow to move the point to the previous or next line position when you have rearranged all points end up by clicking on Validate The cycle is then displayed on the chart in the right order Improvements in cycle plotting Version 1 4 brin
12. composition Menu selection of the mixture Then select the line Read the chart data file which allows Thermoptim to read the two files defining the background The carts of the previous figures are then available the behavior of the external mixture chart being similar to that of an internal Thermoptim vapor chart THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual January 2012
13. cussed previously the cycle editor is equipped with five other buttons Insert Copy and Suppress which allow you to add copy or suppress one table line and Print and Cancel which allow you to print the table or to close the frame Furthermore on the right of the frame appear two small arrows which can be used to move a line to the next above or below position THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual January 2012 To add a new point select one line then click on Insert The software inserts a new line just above the previous one all the values being set to zero Name this new point choose two input variables move the corresponding columns on the left and enter their values then click on Recalculate to get all the point thermodynamical properties Once the new line is inserted you can also copy another line and paste it To do that select the line corresponding to the point that you wish to copy and click on Copy The button label is modified and becomes Paste Select the destination line and click on Paste The values are copied To suppress a line select it then click on Suppress Once the points are created as you wish click on Validate to have them transferred on the chart and displayed To print the table click on Print and select the paper format from the printer dialogs then confirm the printing Connecting points When the points are displayed on the chart they are disconnected
14. default the curves are plotted in bold line You can reduce the line width by clicking on the menu item narrow line of the menu Chart It is then labelled bold line If you select it subsequently the lines are again plotted in bold lines n screen background Modifying line and screen background colors saturation Saturation psi 90 The whole set of colors used for plotting curves and for the screen background can be customized To modify a color double click on one of the small rectangles where it appears in the legend on the right of the screen Choice of th back d col The color editor is displayed this SH ee Ee example retates to the default Three cursors corresponding to the red green and blue g 239 221 623 822 components of the color allow you to customize the color In the rectangle located center left the original color is displayed Cancel whereas the new one is shown in the right one reflecting the cursor moves When you have made your selection click on OK The color is saved Watch out in order to allow for Themmodqnarlic Char independently customizing each substance chart type and temperature unit and each chart type the color modifications hp are only relative to the substance and the Chart background color Green Blue chart type selected If you wish to apply your Red 290 creen Blue color selection to all substances and chart
15. enter any title and description you may wish and save it as explained below Cycle manager A new menu line named Cycle manager has been added in menu Cycle If you select it you open this frame If you click on ea 06 Update the cycle table all cycles already loaded are displayed Here two cycles are loaded the default one which is active and a second one which has been loaded from a file Quit Uncheck all cycles Update the cycle table Suppress Set as active cycle Change the cycle color The title defined in the cycle point editor is displayed as the cycle name THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual January 2012 11 You select the active cycle by choosing its line and clicking on Set as active cycle The active cycle has the following properties it is connected to the simulator when the charts used are connected to Thermoptim itis the one on which the Cycle menu lines operate i e it can be erased saved its points can be edited in the cycle point editor If you double click on a line you change the column selected status if it is checked the cycle is plotted on the chart otherwise not You can deselect all cycles by clicking on Uncheck all cycles You can suppress a cycle in the list by selecting its line and clicking on Suppress Its plot is also suppressed from 4 Cyc
16. er than 0 5 for the compressions in the liquid state For the other condensable vapors the accuracy is slightly lower the major deviations taking place in the liquid zone for reduced pressures greater than 0 7 and in particular supercritical For these substances liquid values are not modeled very accurately the liquid being considered to be non compressible In practice however this is not very important for most applied thermodynamics processes Detailed information on the equations used can be found in the following references GICQUEL Systemes Energ tiques Tomes 1 et 2 Presses de l Ecole des Mines de Paris f vrier et novembre 2001 http www ensmp fr Presses Internationalisation number formatting The interactive charts exist in several languages english french spanish portuguese catalan They are configured in the language corresponding to the inth zip file located in the installation directory THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual January 2012 Numbers are automatically formatted in accordance with the language selected in the computer system For instance in english the decimal separator is the dot and the thousand one the comma in french the decimal separator is the comma and the thousand one the space If you enter an ill formated number it is truncated at the level of the first non numerical character Customizing the working environnement The working environnement of interactive cha
17. gs a number of improvements in cycle plotting first it is possible to link points by various 150 value lines isobaric isentropic second each cycle color may be changed according to the user desire third several cycles can be plotted on the same chart THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual temperature T K T s entropy chart for R134a MZ M HL KANNI E T1 Zu E TENE NU OW 7 A 7108 1 LATE VI S ANT LAS BENZ January 2012 10 Linking points by iso value lines Let us consider a simple refrigeration cycle where the condenser and evaporator are respectively globally modeled the liquid vapor and diphasic phases being not distinguished When the cycle is first plotted on a R134a T s chart the cycle appears as above the points are connected by straight lines Opening the cycle point editor displays the cycle elements as below point name temperature 6 pressure P enthalpy h entropy s volume v quality x 332 84585 19 0003 443 51239 1 78451 0 0260006 120 298 69754 9 0005 235 5007 1 1 12216 0 00082954 0 263 07145 2 235 50056 1 13613 0 0244719 0 29727 273 06005 2 401 44263 1 76629 0 105285 It is possible to connect points 2 and 3 by an T s entropy chart for R134a isobaric line select both lines 2 and 3 at the same time and click on Insert A combo box dp Y wi
18. ing in another cell Click then on the button Recalculate located in the lower right part of the editor The point is recalculated and the values displayed The two first figure columns from the left define the input state variables for the calculations temperature T pressure p enthalpv h entropy s v precise paint 535 2 815 585B71 5 4851 10 0941367 If you wish the point with a pressure of 24 bars and an entropy of 6 5 kJ kg K move the entropy column in second or third position enter this value then click on the button Recalculate You get the following result The two first figure columns from the left define the input state variables for the calculations point name entropy 5 pressure p temperature T enthalpy h volume v precise point 6 5 24 536 15336 2 919 66656 844287 As you see calculating a point with accuracy is very easy All variable couples comprising either the temperature or the pressure can be calculated except those which include the mass volume When the quality is one of the input variables the software considers that the point is located in the liquid vapor equilibrium zone If the second input variable is the temperature the calculated pressure is set equal to the saturation pressure at the given temperature If the second input variable is the pressure the calculated temperature is set equal to the saturation temperature at the given pressure It is thus possible
19. k on OK To create a point double click at the requested location A dialog frame asks you to enter a name to identify the point precisepoint Once the point is named it is displayed on the screen in the form of a little cross and its label l T 377 C You can open an editor which allows you to modify the point and 327 C recalculate it To do that select the menu item Edit a cycle of i 12 menu Cycle or type Control T 177 C y yp T 127 C Substance The cycle editor is then displayed In its upper zone there are text fields which allow you to add comments on the cycle if you wish to do so in particular for saving the cycle The title 15 used for identifying the cycle in the cycle manager see below If Connected paints you simply wish to recalculate a point this is not necessary In the lower part of the screen is a table comprising in columns the name of the point and its thermodynamic properties and in lines each point entered only one at this stage Cycle manager Load a cycle Save the cycle Erase the cycle All the possibilities offered by the cycle point editor will be presented in detail later For the time being we will just show how to recalculate a point Edit a cycle Ctr c The point table has a particular feature you can change the column order by clicking and dragging one of them by its label For i
20. le color choice the chart mae gt In the upper right of the screen is a multiple choice list that lets you choose the kind of plot of the selected cycle solid line dotted E 6 or dashed Changing the cycle color Cancel Until version 1 3 all cycles were plotted in black It is now possible to select any color in the same way as you do it for the chart curves To change a cycle color select its line and click on Change the cycle color A frame allowing you to choose its color is displayed If you want to save the new color set the cycle as the active one and save it Suppressing the active cycle is equivalent to erasing it from the chart menu You generate a new active cycle either by setting another cycle as the active one or by interactively creating points in the chart opening the cycle point editor and temperature T IQ T s entropy chart for R134a validating 127774 AN ATE IN Lf Superposition of several A LL E TT To plot several cycles on a chart just load them together and set them as Fr They automatically appear on the chart ate AAT AA LUC selected in the cycle manager screen IE rum Paw een Ps jl WS n NC VA 7 VINEA is possible to erase a cycle displaye on the screen to do that select menu 2 AL Lt HANI item Erase the cycle of menu
21. nstance if you click on the label Temperature T and that keeping the mouse pressed you move it on the right the pressure column automatically is shifted to the second location Cycle point editor file 7 Cycle Title Description The two first figure columns from the left define the input state variables for the calculations pointname temperature pressure p enthalpy h entropy s volume v quality x precise point 571 03314 36 3209 258 8583 6 41615 0 065281 4 set com sumress Prim cancel If you keep on moving in the right direction the enthalpy column is shifted in turn and so on After two moves you get this result pointname pressure p enthalpy h temperature precise point 36 3208 2 966 8583 1571 09314 The two first figure columns from the left define the input stati THERMOPTIM interactive charts make use of this editor property to specify the input variables used when a point is calculated the two first figure columns from the left are considered by the software as designing the known state variables from which the other thermodynamic properties are calculated THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual January 2012 Suppose that you wish to calculate a point with a pressure of 24 bars and a temperature of 535 K Enter these values in the corresponding cells making sure to indicate that the cell editing is finished by pressing enter or click
22. nts The eighth line is not taken into account but it must exist The following lines give the name and the values of the points in the order given in the above example name temperature pressure enthalpy entropy volume quality The two last lines define the cycle color with a RGB coding Any file structured similarly can be read by the software To import a cycle file select the menu item Load a cycle of menu Cycle A dialog window allows you to select the file Printing a chart end of session THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual January 2012 13 Printing a chart Printing a chart can be done either from the menu item Print of menu File or by the keyboard accelerator Control P A printer selection screen is then displayed End of session To quit the application you can do it either from the menu item Quit of menu File either using the keyboard accelerator Control Q A confirmation screen is displayed The environnement parameters are automatically saved Cycle Subst v Saturation curve Selecting isovalue curve display v Temperature v Entropy Menu View allows you to select the isovalue curves which are displayed on the screen Volume Only those isovalues whose name is checked are plotted If for instance you check only saturation curve temperature and entropy the chart looks as follows pressure p h p chart for R134a screen background hsatl hsatv T 127 C
23. rts can be customized in several ways so that you can adapt it to your own taste When you first run the software default values are used Subsequently your modifications are automatically saved in various configuration files so that your selections are kept between two sessions View Cycle Substance Terr narrow line X Axis Substance selection Y Axis Show the substance properties hp Depending on your software version you have acces to more or less substances The yas list of available substances is shown in menu Substance To select a substance click 7 on its name Automatically the screen is updated the new substance appears ne s xh Displaying substance properties Substance properties Substance You can display a frame summarizing water the substance substance R134a 1 1 1 2 tetrafluoroethane C2H2F4 ammonia properties from menu Chart The substance name its chemical kg kmol 102 031 Pmaxi bar 700 formula molar mass Vapor nitrogen butane carbon dioxyde 22 40 5928 i 453 2 eae critical properties and 7 h ethene the limits of validity Tc K 374 21 Tmini K 169 85 helium of the chart are methane Vc miky 00019535 shown Pm R11 R12 R123 w Riata 1416 OB For vapors the following charts may be available depending on the substance Rad5fa h P refrigeration chart generally in semi logarithmic scale with enthalpy in abscissa
24. se calculations either by moving a target with the keyboard arrows or by creating and editing points named cycle points as a set of points usually represents a thermodynamical cycle Using keyboard arrows It is possible to refine the positionning of the cursor with the keyboard arrows To do that click close to the point whose properties you wish to get The values are displayed in blue above the chart If you press one of the keyboard arrows a red target appears and is moved in one of the four cardinal directions by an increment equal to 1 1000 of the horizontal or vertical scale depending on the arrow key used The point properties are recalculated so that you can gradually get closer to the desired point By changing the chart scale as indicated in the section entitled Changing the axes layout you can change the displacement sensitivity As soon as the red target appears the mouse click is disabled and the target can only be moved by the keyboard arrows To take control again on the cursor you can either press the Escape key The red target disappears and is displayed again only when you press one of the arrows close to the location you last clicked the mouse If you have not clicked since it disappeared it appears where it previously was double click which creates a point see below positionned on the target THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual January 2012 Point creation Enter the point name then clic
25. t editors THERMOPTIM is applied thermodynamics software whose objective is to allow one to easily calculate complex thermodynamic cycles without making very simplistic hypotheses or without being involved in tedious calculations Initially it has been developed to help solve problems encountered in teaching applied thermodynamics Its present functionalities make it possible to use it for also solving much more complicated problems such as industrial schematic design for instance it has been used for the system integration of advanced electricity generation production plants involving several hundreds of components In this manual we shall present the vapor charts successively showing how to customize the working environnement substance and chart type selection temperature unit choice calculation settings choice of the line width and color layout of the axes use the chart to display a point and recalculate it work with point selections named cycles saving and loading them print a chart and exit the application Thermodynamic properties of substances The software includes a data base with the thermophysical properties of the substances considered which are all pure condensable vapors The accuracy of the calculations is excellent for water comparative tests with ASME steam tables give for compressions and expansions relative errors with enthalpies lower than 0 02 in the vapor and liquid vapor equilibrium and low
26. th various 1so value choices is shown Select RES y yl Iso pressure You are requested to give the 7 fi 7 number of points you want to insert Enter 10 AN N The new points are created in the cycle point NT Say editor Click on Validate the plot now follows the isobaric 9 bars line p ZA e 17421 The number of points entered determines the number of n with which the 5 line is approximated The larger their number gt AYE the better the accuracy CEE 4 a ae 2 580 La AAACN 29 Similarly you can connect points 4 and with an BP I RR iso pressure line and points 3 and 4 by an ALLA CN isenthalpic one 5 inserted points will do In order to add an isentropic line between points 1 and 2 you first have to insert a blank line before point 2 and to copy and paste point 1 line there You then select the new line 1 and line 2 and insert the isentropic points In the end the chart plot becomes as shown here All the points inserted be recalculated one by one if need be i e if one of them does not exactly correspond to the user requirements If necessary they can be suppressed either one by one or as a group by selecting them and clicking on Suppress If you want to save this cycle just open the cycle point editor
27. the software license agreement Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of the author THERMOPTIM Interactive vapor charts User s Manual January 2012 Vapor chart user s manual Overall presentation The THERMOPTIM series www thermoptim com is a set of software tools dedicated to the learning and better understanding of applied thermodynamics It is comprised of easy to use interactive charts ideal gases vapors mixtures of an ideal gas and of water vapor psychrometrics and a modeling software package including four closely interconnected working environments a diagram editor synoptic screen a simulator the interactive charts and an optimization tool The interactive charts have been developed with a view to replace classical paper thermodynamic charts Indeed whatever care is taken by editors in the choice of color sets for distinguishing the various curves shown on the classical charts it is always difficult to read them and interpolation may lead to significant errors New THERMOPTIM charts allow one by a simple mouse click to display all relevant thermodynamic properties of the fluid thus providing better accuracy Their main asset is to be very easy to use the thermodynamic properties are immediately displayed on the screen a user friendly point editor allows the user to refine his her cycle analysis and to export the values in spreadsheets or tex
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