Yet Another Pacman 3D Adventures
Contents
1. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 7 3 Basic Physics Collision Detection Rigid Body e Controllers allow you to easily organize derived values between objects e Includes bindings for multiple 3rd party collision physics sys tems ODE Novodex and Tokamak 4 Lighting Per vertex Per pixel Lightmapping e Can have an unlimited number of lights in the scene e Supported through vertex and fragment programs 5 Shadows Shadow Mapping Shadow Volume e Techniques supported modulative and additive stencils modu lative projective e Multiple stencil shadow optimizations e Texture shadows fade out at far distance 6 Texturing e Basic Multi texturing Bumpmapping Mipmapping Volumet ric e Supports PNG JPEG TGA BMP and DDS image file formats 7 Supports High Level and Low Level Shaders both Vertex and Pixel e Supports vertex and fragment programs shaders both low level programs written in assembler and high level programs written in Cg or DirectX9 HLSL and provides automatic support for many commonly bound constant parameters e Supports GLSL 8 Scene Management General BSP Octrees Occlusion Culling LOD CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 8 e Quite customizable flexible scene management e Hierarchical scene graph and scene querying features 9 Animation amp Meshes e Inverse Kinematics Skeletal Animation Animation Blending e Mesh Loading Skinning Progressive 10 Surfaces amp Curves e Sp2. there are pellets and their extension power pills that are parallel in the hierarchy to the maze cells The reason for this is the use of static geometry for the stationary scene elements to improve performance static geometry is preprocessed once and then bunched up to be fed to the GPU in batches efficiently Animated pieces cannot be grouped along with static geometry so they require a separate hierarchy of scene nodes Next there are ghosts and pacmen There could be more than one of each even pacman the way the game was redesigned but the actual multiplayer game play was not implemented at the time of this writing The CGameEnv came from the original game r0d06 which is primarily responsible for loading and parsing the map files because we kept the same 12 CHAPTER 2 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION uvoyeaddya duex3oe y aua snauwelJ9 duiex3oe juauo a lt lt apadA gt gt ewean Nia Aquaaze Wo Mana ajepdy apo pepeded Figure 2 1 YAP3DAD High Level Class Diagram CHAPTER 2 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 13 Ghost Node Figure 2 2 OGRE Scene Division Hierarchy map file format so any maps developed for the original game would work in our variant 2 2 1 OGRE Tools A typical OGRE program is structured using an SceneManager Entity and SceneNode basis system classes Everything in the scene is control by the SceneManager it is possible to have multiple scene managers that man
3. projects pacmacro mathyou Multiplayer Pacman SourceForge net 2003 2006 Pp ttp sourceforge net projects mpac mbabuskov Njam SourceForge net 2003 2006 sourceforge net projects njam r0dy Pacman based on Grid Crazy code Lesson 21 http nehe gamedev net 2006 http nehe amedev net data downloads download asp letter P http nehe gamedev net counter asp file data 09 downloads P pacman zip sasax Phoenix PacMan SourceForge net 2001 2006 sourceforge net projects phoenixpacman Richard Stallman Roland McGrath Paul Smith and the GNU Project GNU Make Free Software Foundation Inc online 1997 2006 http www gnu org software make subtil Pacman Arena SourceForge net 2003 2006 sourceforge net projects pacmanarena BIBLIOGRAPHY 28 The07 The OGRE Team Object oriented graphics rendering engine OGRE online 2000 2007 http www ogre3d org Vt05 Various Contributors and the GNU Project GNU Compiler Collection GCC Free Software Foundation Inc 1988 2005 http gcc gnu org onlinedocs gcc
4. arX1iv 0910 4854v1 cs GR 26 Oct 2009 Yet Another Pacman 3D Adventures Serguei A Mokhov mokhov cse concordia ca Yingying She yy_she cse concordia ca Concordia University Montreal Quebec Canada December 11 2006 Contents 1 Introduction TA PUT ieg a oie oe e Tes Hae ke A Sk woe i de a R 1 2 Beneficiaries o o cu 0 000 200 000 eee 1 3 Challentes s lt p e a e ee ek eR BE e 1 4 Tools and Techniques 1 4 1 1 4 2 1 4 3 1 4 4 1 4 5 1 4 6 Subversion GNU Make DEP x he e EA A eo WA Microsoft Visual C 2003 NET KDevelop s sap sa ros da eee Be eR eA Design and Implementation 2 1 Approach 6 8254 saw nate cuias katea a ee 2 2 Methodology 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 OGRE Tools ev iia SE RR ER ROR eR eG GameLogic Modular Design wA Wa Ken Mini User Manual 39 1 Pr requisites 6 2 000 ee eee a eB h a a e CONTENTS 3 2 Compilations s sacs as sa oa e 3 2 1 Windows XP B22 LX esanek esra a a eae OR A wee 3 3 UserManual 4 Future Work 4i TODO Mems zere ta Sek a Gok ela Bh Rh ee aK AN WY aa bea eee poea eRe ee AN 2 What osea PAR ee YS ee a ww E 5 Conclusion li List of Figures 2 1 2 2 2 3 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 9 YAP3DAD High Level Class Diagram OGRE Scene Division Hie
5. ckwise e Right Arrow Rotate camera clockwise e W or Up Forward e S or Down Backward e A Step left e D Step right e PgUp Move upwards e PgDown Move downwards e F Toggle frame rate stats on off e R Render mode e T Cycle texture filtering as bilinear trilinear or anisotropic e P Toggle on off display of camera position orientation CHAPTER 3 MINI USER MANUAL 20 E OGRE Render Window Figure 3 3 Help Overlay e L Fish swim turn on off 3 User Manual Panel Pacman Control The control over Pacman moving along the maze is using the 2 4 6 8 keys in number pad e 2 Pacman goes south e 4 Pacman goes west e 6 Pacman goes east e 8 Pacman goes North 4 FPS Info Panel CHAPTER 3 MINI USER MANUAL 21 W OGRE Render Window Figure 3 4 FPS and other stats Overlay If you press F the FPS panel will show on the down left side of the rendering window The FPS panel show information about Current FPS Average FPS Worst FPS Best FPS Triangle Counts CHAPTER 3 MINI USER MANUAL 22 OGRE Render Window Figure 3 5 FPS and other stats Overlay in Game Action of Burning Ghosts Linux Chapter 4 Future Work This chapter summarizes the TODO Wishlist items for the nezt few itera tions of the project 4 1 TODO Items 1 Visual e Pixel and vertex shaders to achieve realistic lighting effects other than the Phong lighting e Landscape rendering Instead of drawing walls ba
6. cman Game SourceForge net 2004 2006 http sourceforge net projects mpacman Brian Berliner david d zoo zuhn Jeff Polk Larry Jones Derek R Price Mark D Baushke and other authors Con current Versions System CVS Free Software Foundation Inc 1989 2005 http www nongnu org cvs benrigas Pacman game for the Sharp Zaurus Source Forge net 2003 2006 http sourceforge net projects zauruspacman cbrianso and olerida PANP PANP is Not Pacman is Net Pacman SourceForge net 2003 2006 http sourceforge net projects panp CollabNet Inc Subversion SVN online 2006 2007 subversion tigris org dannyxyz22 Winter PacMan SourceForge net 2006 sourceforge net projects pacwinter dforever and richy2k Pacman Tag SourceForge net 2006 http sourceforge net projects pacman tag 26 BIBLIOGRAPHY 27 fm06 gp06 ise06 kar06 lum06 mat06 mba06 r0d06 sas06 SMSt06 sub06 firelord84 and mike_emery PacMan X SourceForge net 2002 2006 http sourceforge net projects pacmanx gubug and phneutre Mango Quest SourceForge net 2001 2006 http sourceforge net projects mangoquest iseeall Smart Pacman SourceForge net 2006 http sourceforge net projects smartpacman karlnapf_ger Pacman Arena SourceForge net 2003 2006 ttp sourceforge net projects pma lumy PacMacro SourceForge net 2004 2006 http sourceforge net
7. developers to either aid us or pick up the development effort in var ious areas 1 3 2 What approaches have others tried Here we go over other existing open source projects that attempt several approaches but not necessarily complete the actual implementation and their main features which we may use as a source of ideas or features for our own implementation e Pacman Arena is a Pacman clone in full 3D with a few sur prises Rockets bombs and explosions abound e PANP is a new generation of the known game Pacman offering a 3D graphic interface it provides 4 different views of game The most outstanding feature is the possibility of playing net games against other players It require OpenGL support e A multiplayer team based Pacman bbc 06 game with exciting fast paced action e Smart Pacman ise06 Take pacman s or ghosts side in the challenge Ghosts are controlled in the same way as units in an RTS game You can play with Al or with a friend on a single keyboard e Pacman Tag dr06 The playground game of t or tag combined with the arcade game Pacman One player is it and has to tag another player to stop their counter from ticking up Whoever has been it for the least amount of time by the end of the game wins e PacMan X is a fully featured PacMan implementation CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 9 e Pacman for Sharp Zaurus ben06 is a multi boa
8. ipulate the scene nodes depending on some optimization techniques de pending on what you are trying to render as a terrain environment etc e g BSPSceneManager Every movable object in the scene is an Entity Every object in the scene is a SceneNode placed in the scene hierarchy tree Our own class hierarchy presented above followed more or less similar structure when wrapping around OGRE primitives In addition this YAP3DAD uses scripting based texture particles 2D menu rendering system from OGRE For animation the project uses mesh based skeleton animation supported by OGRE 2 2 2 Game Logic One of a particularly hard issues was to adapt the original game logic to the new mindset of events and API after learning it A fun element is also CHAPTER 2 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 14 72 TO Tl Figure 2 3 States of a Robot Ghost important here when trying out new things and so it s not too boring while playing or even testing The game logic of original Pacman game is straightforward and simple In order to make it more interesting game logic design is another important design part we concentrated on this project YAP3DAD uses a Finite State Machine in here For example robot ghosts have three states and three transitions in the game as in Figure 2 2 2 e SO Robot Ghost is walking randomly in Maze e S1 Robot Ghost meets the Pacman e S2 Robot Ghost dies e TO Robot Ghost transitions from SO to S1 e T1 Robot Gh
9. isting code and libraries into frameworks so modules can be easily replaced if needed or new ones eas ily added This includes game logic engines shading subsystem net working multiplayer subsystem presentation subsystem control 10 CHAPTER 2 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 11 subsystem e Implementation integration of the new lighting models through vertex and pixel shaders e Porting all subsystems to the Linux Windows MacOS as re quired The implementation should never be one specific OS centric to increase the user base The YAP3DAD project followed the more or less traditional OO paradigm to re engineer the original game The summary of the classes produced as a result is in Figure This also represents the architecture and model hierarchy of the project The classes like PacExampleFrameListener and PacExampleApplication follow a typical application design that most of the OGRE applications do They define initialization of the camera response to the input events and time events which are further used in the key frame animation CMazeEntity represents just about any entity in the maze map walls pellets power pills ghosts and the pacmen and other entities alike that can be fit onto a typical grid It has position abstract API of draw animate and the like which the derivatives override as the need A CMaze consists of a collection of cells depicted by walls CWall zero to up to 4 a floor tile CFloor Then
10. lines Biquadric Bezier patches for curved surfaces 11 Special Effects e Environment Mapping Lens Flares Billboarding Particle Sys tem Motion Blur Sky Water Fog 12 Rendering Fixed function Render to Texture Fonts GUI e Scriptable multipass rendering Material LOD e Supports the complete range of fixed function operations e Support for multiple material techniques e Transparent objects automatically managed e Font system TrueType fonts and precreated textures 2D GUI System with Buttons Lists Edit boxes Scrollbars etc The website of OGRE is http www ogre3d org 1 4 2 Subversion Subversion Col07 is a version control tool for the source code and docu mentation repository Similarly to CVS BddzzP 05 it keeps revisions of files and directories in the tree directory structure saving only modifications from the previous revision of a given file It allows revert to any previous CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 9 revision at any time and monitor the development Our actual repository is hosted at SourceForge net specifically here where one can browse it freely nttp yap3dad svn sourceforge net In Linux we used subver sion command line client svn to access the repository and in Windows we used TortoiseSVN 1 4 3 GNU Make GNU Make SMSt06 or gmake was a primarily used to manage the compi lation of the project structure under Linux environment with or without an IDE A series of Makefiles are
11. ll feature Bots A Lev eleditor more game types CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 6 1 4 Tools and Techniques We employed a variety of tools to design develop and maintain our project in Windows and Linux The most prominent tool was a graphics render ing engine OGRE that presented a rather rich API to its implemented techniques for rendering and animation 1 4 1 OGRE OGRE Object Oriented Graphics Rendering Engine is a scene oriented generally flexible 3D engine written in C designed to make it easier and more intuitive for developers to produce games and demos utilizing 3D hardware The class library abstracts all the details of using the underlying system libraries like Direct3D and OpenGL and provides an interface based on world objects and other intuitive classes The features of OGRE include 1 Object Oriented Design Plug in Architecture Save Load System e Simple easy to use OO interface designed to minimize the ef fort required to render 3D scenes and to be independent of 3D implementation i e Direct3D OpenGL e Flexible plugin architecture allows engine to be extended without recompilation e Flexible plugin architecture allows engine to be extended without recompilation Support for ZIP PK3 for archiving of the media files 2 Scripting e Scripted material language allows you to maintain material assets outside of your code avoids unnecessary recompilation e Scriptable multipass rendering
12. lusion Most modern computer games can be split into three parts the game engine the game logic and the game art In this game project we develop a game based on 3D rendering engine OGRE OGRE is an open source game engine It has its own programming structure which is different and abstracted from OpenGL and DirectX We got the feel of OGRE and believe the game has a high potential to move forward using OGRE s features for quick prototyping to the release quality game The game is an open ended project We only know when we are done is when we reach a certain milestone which would be followed by the next one and the next one Thus we will try to accomplish goals that we mentioned in the Future Work in the subsequent builds Having it as an open source project publicly available increases chances of a longer lifespan and future work to be done Therefore we will simply continue this project as open source project and keep adding new features in our free time We are very excited to work in further and should you have any interest in you are welcome to join the project Just drop us a line Serguei mokhov encs Concordia ca Ying Ying y she encs concordia ca e Project Mailing List Project Page ittp sourceforge net projects yapidad 25 Bibliography bbe 06 BddzzP 05 ben06 co06 Col07 dan06 dr06 blapierre bryagh cravikiran daesuk83 jemmyc mkopelciw and vgdcatuci Multiplayer Pa
13. ode If you already have the executable please refer to the Section Windows XP 1 Your system should have Visual C NET 2003 7 1 2 Install OGRE 1 2 4 SDK for Visual C NET 2003 7 1 in your computer e For example you can install the OGRE SDK in C OgreSDK e You can download it from OGRE website http www ogre3d org index php option com_remository amp Itemid 57 amp func fileinfo amp filecatid 41 amp parent category 16 CHAPTER 3 MINI USER MANUAL 17 Linux Fedora Core 4 but others should also work 1 Your system should have g installed a part of GCC 2 Install OGRE 1 2 4 SDK for Linux by compiling it through the typical procedure of configure make make install You would need the Cg and DevIL libraries installed You can download it from OGRE website http www ogre3d org index php option com_remository amp Itemid 57 amp func fileinfo amp filecatid 41 amp parent category 3 2 Compilation 3 2 1 Windows XP 1 Before build solution for the project in VC 2003 please copy Pac Pacman overlay and Pac PacPoint overlay from projectfolder media overlay O c OgreSDK medial overlay 2 Before build solution for the project in VC 2003 please copy the whole folder projectfolder map O C OgreSDK bin 3 Build the solution for the project Visual C Net 2003 7 1 located in src scripts win32 4 After build the solution the project will create a e
14. orm independence Linux and Windows as even of the current version the games compiles and runs under both op erating system flavors tested on Fedora Core 4 and Windows XP Professional It may work on other Operating Systems as well where g or some similar compliant C compiler is available 1 2 Beneficiaries Open Source Educational Gaming communities who are enthusiastic about Pacman like games We are trying to keep the development as a transparent process hoping it is useful for the folk like us and we are considering releasing the game once it is more mature and stable to the OGRE community as a tutorial while maintaining it as an entertaining tool and graphics features investigation platform to try things out and publish the results 1 3 Challenges e Different computer graphics techniques are tended to use in this project e Cross platform design e Multiplayer and network aspects e Game logic design 1 3 1 Why is the problem hard The game is overly beaten and old and exists in too many variants to enu merate here One of the challenges of making it playable and distinct The CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 4 technical challenges lay in the re design and re engineering of the code base and libraries frameworks networking and multiplayer aspects Each of them are hard on their own and we cannot promise having them all done for this project but having it open source on SourceForge net will allow further
15. ost transitions from 1 to S2 e T2 Reset Robot Ghost to SO At the same time we display the game art as appropriate YAP3DAD imported Ninja Robot and Fish meshes as Pacman Power Pills and Ghosts and Pellets due to their readily availability in OGRE It would CHAPTER 2 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 15 be easy enough to load other models and the only changes reguired would be to point to the class which meshes and states to use as the defaults In addition we use different named animations e g Walk Run Jump Shoot etc encoded with the supplied model and its skeleton to represent different statuses of the Pacman and Pellets Theses features increase the attraction of the game 2 2 3 Modular Design Due to the modular design of the proposed frameworks the missing imple mentations can be replaced by stubs or local versions until they are replaced by the real version when time permits The design will is done in such a way that the crucial steps will not affect the overall project status and will be rolled in in the subsequent builds Chapter 3 Mini User Manual This chapter details some aspects of running and compiling YAP3DAD from sources 3 1 Prerequisites If you want to compile YAP3DAD you need to have some tools If you download this project from http sourceforge net projects yap3dad Please follow the steps in Section 3 1Jand Section 3 2 if you want to compile the source c
16. present throughout the code and documen tation repository to compile the executable and even this ATX manual 1 4 4 g g is a C compiler from the GNU Compiler Collection used as a primary compiler to compile the source code under Linux from within Makefiles 1 4 5 Microsoft Visual C 2003 NET This IDE was used in the lab on the Windows side to interface the develop ment effort Its project files are located in src scripts win32 1 4 6 KDevelop This tool is an IDE in Linux to manage the project files autoconf and other settings on the Linux side Most of its project files are located in src scripts linux other Makefiles are spread out through the actual source code one per directory Chapter 2 Design and Implementation This chapter debriefs on the approaches and methodology of the game re design and implementation 2 1 Approach As previously mentioned we took the as a basis the original game from the assignments r0d06 and then began adopting it to the OGRE semantics so the features of the original game are not only preserved but also enhanced including compatibility of the map files After rewriting the basics in OGRE we managed to add a couple of things not present in the original 2 2 Methodology The original proposal included the steps below to re design the game Due to the time constrains of a course projects only items in bold got looked into to some extends e Re engineering the ex
17. rarchy States of a Robot Ghost Config panel in Windows Config panel in Linux Help Overlay FPS and other stats Overlay FPS and other stats Overlay in Game Action of Burning Ghosts Linux Chapter 1 Introduction This game is meant to be extension of the overly beaten pacman style game code named Yet Another Pacman 3D Adventures or YAP3DAD from the assignments and other projects with advance visual and gaming features including game in a game approach The project is an open source project published on SourceForge net specifically at http sf net projects yap3dad for possible future development and extension 1 1 Purpose We attempted to study and employ a popular rendering engine OGRE The07 and re implement the original game we had for the assignments of Pacman from the assignments and its original r0d06 That is quite an undertaking when learning the particularities of the new API but the end result looks very promising A few of our exploited targets of the engine are 1 Visual e Illumination and fog e Camera control Provide different view point for Pacman and Ghosts e Animate landscape rendering CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 3 e Modularize model import with different meshes to be Ghosts and Pacman etc e Animation Applying keyframe with the OGRE API 2 Backend e Relative platf
18. rd pacman game developed for the Qtopia environment It was developed at Auburn University for a Senior Design project The game is quite playable with most features from the classic pacman game in place already e Phoenix PacMan sas06 It is an advanced PacMan Game with four types of monsters openable walls and lot of items it written in Java and requires JDK 1 3 e This project intends to build a Winter version of Pac Man which will be programmed under OpenGL GTK environment e Njam is a pacman like game with single multiplayer duel modes networking support and integrated level editor It runs on Linux Windows BeOS OpenBSD FreeBSD MacOS X and Mor phOS It features great graphics music sound fx and a lot of levels to play e Mango Quest gp06 is a 3D arcade game using OpenGL and SDL which aims to extend the pacman gameplay using a Ist person view and tons of special items It runs on both Linux and Win32 platforms e The game is PacMacro lum06 the live action version of PacMan We select a 5x6 block area of a major metropolitan area and play PacMan on a large scale On the street we have the ghosts Inky Blinky Pinky and Clyde all chasing down the ever elusive PacMan e A network multiplayer Pacman clone mat06 tweaked for fast and exciting gameplay e A Multiplayer version of Pacman kar06 with the focus on Death match programmed in the SDL Later on it wi
19. sed on maps drawing buidings trees etc e More sophisticated collision detection e Vertical movement e First person action e Slow motion ghost busting 2 Backend e Frameworked inner games easy to add inner games i e games in a game aspect Games in a game makes this game have more entertaining attractions If designed in a pluggable 23 CHAPTER 4 FUTURE WORK 24 framewored way the mini games can be interchanged swapped in or swapped out at any point in time in the development e Multiplayer concept over network Multiplayer online games are the most popular video games in game industry Human to huamn model makes video game more attractive than human to computer model 4 1 1 Why To our knowledge no one has tried advanced GPU programming with custom lighting models through vector and pixel shaders in a similar style pacman like game Additionally for this game people didn t seem to try the game in a game approach is for entering special rooms or in between the levels there can be other related mini arcade or strategy or logic games embedded in 4 1 2 What e Implementation integration of the new lighting models through vertex and pixel shaders e Implementation integration of the multiplayer concept over the net work e Implementation integration games in a game levels Some of the aspects e g networking can be ported from a similar project previously listed Chapter 5 Conc
20. xecutable file yap3dad exe in C OgreSDK bin debug Double click this file you can run it in your computer et er CHAPTER 3 MINI USER MANUAL 18 OGRE Engine Rendering Setup Rendering Subsystem OpenGL Rendering Subsystem Y Rendering System Options Colour Depth 32 iency N A Full Scre o RTT Preferred Mode FBO NSync No Video Mode 640 x 480 Click On An Option Carosi Figure 3 1 Config panel in Windows 3 2 2 Linux 1 First copy all cfg files from src scripts linuz to just 2 then to compile YAP3DAD cd to the directory and type make f Makefile in 3 then to run it just type yap3dad 3 3 User Manual 1 After you run yap3dad there will be a OGRE configuration window pop up e If you have the zip version of YAP3DAD after unzip the project you will find this file in projectfolder bin debug e If you follow the step in 3 1 and 3 2 this file is in C OgreSDK The configuration window is as below first as in Windows and then as in Linux CHAPTER 3 MINI USER MANUAL 19 Figure 3 2 Config panel in Linuz You can choose Rendering Subsystem and Rendering System Options in this window under Linux only OpenGL would be avail able And click OK to start the project 2 User Manual Panel Scene Control e If you press H the User Manual Panel will show on the top left side of the rendering window e Left Arrow Rotate camera counter Clo
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