SVERIGES LANTBRUKSUNIVERSITET
Contents
1. all output variables will be found in the summary file after the simulation the variables will be named according to the information stored in the file WIGO TRA all variables in the output Pgraph file will be named according to their FORTRAN names 14 SWITCHES B OUTSTATE final values of state variables will be written on a file at the end of a simulation The name of the file is specified by the user and the format is the same as used B VALIDPG in the file for initial state variables see the INSTATE switch ON Validation variables will be read from a Pgraph file The name of the file is specified by the user The values in the validation file will be compared with variables from the output file 12 2 Model Specific SWITCH TREE HARVEST DRIVRAD DRIVANA ANALEAF ANAFERT ANAWATERP ANAWATERS ANATEMPS SPECIAL COMPET E HARVEST ON Itis possible to harvest at a certain day The daynumberis given by the ZSTHAR parameter Start group B DRIVRAD The daily radiation driving variable DRAD is the relative duration of sunshine D the duration of sunshine tsu h d the actual global radiation S MJ m d the ratio between actual and clear sky global radiation SJS the fractional cloudiness during daytime O SWITCHES 15 B DRIVANA ore All driving variables are available in the input file Some of the driving vari2. kgN ha y gN gDW 21 QUO QWLFL QZX u 1 Microbial growth rate of the youngest litter cohort 1 year old at temperature equal to 10 C and at optimal water conditions a Fraction of the dry weight in the leaf fall that is leached before entering the litter pool Z Depth of litter cohort Only used if ANATEMPS switch is ON see parameter QSTTS 13 7 Temperature etc d m These parameters are related to temperature response areal leaf weight leaf thickness and respiration PTI PT2 PT3 ZBAX ZBAY ZDAYE ZDAYTA ZRM ZTAACC T Lower temperature limit for growth see T T Lower temperature limit for optimal growth see T T Upper temperature limit for optimal growth see Tj bax Maximum areal leaf weight a in b b 1 a shootage Annual relative increase of the areal leaf weight both if itis given as a driving variable or if itis assumed to be constant see ZSTBAD and ZSTBAC t Day number at the end of seasonal growth lt 365 tac Day number at which the calculation of T starts Tm Daily fractional maintain respiration of root and stem biomass of all ages T Minimum value of the temperature sum Tacco at which growth starts 13 8 Water Parameters related to water response functions for growth and decomposition VSOILI VSOIL2 VSOIL3 VSOIL4 22 8 see VSOILA below b see VSOILA below C see VSOILA below d
3. Forrunning the program interactively use commands as specified in the section on COMMANDS in the manual An example is as follows PREP WIGO FILE1 This means that PREP program starts the WIGO model making use of the information in the FILE1 PAR file In PREP then you can modify the prerequisites of the simulation if you want and then start the simulation 6 Getting started 2 5 Evaluating your simulation An successful simulation will result in two different output files numbered as NNN The presentation of data is made by use the PGraph program PG WIGO NNN This program can convert the results to ASCCI if wanted For details on how to use Pgraph see the Pgraph manual or use the help utility in the program F1 key WIGO NNN SUM A summary file including a list of output variables are found in the summary file named WIGO nnn SUM The variables to be stored in the output files are selected by the PREP program WIGO NNN BIN A PG structured file containing all the output variables that were selected in the PREP program 3 Program structure The preparation of the model prior to a run follows an interactive dialogue where the user has the possibility to design the run according to the present purpose The different menus can be reached in any order after moving the cursor to the subject using arrow keys and pressing return at the chosen subject Return takes the cursor down in the menus and Esc moves the cursor up one level Norm
4. amp Peltomaa R Alternativa dr neringsmetoder p jordar med l g genomsl pplighet 1 Ett nordiskt samarbetsprojekt inom Nordkalottomr det 20 s Linn r H Persson R Berglund K amp Karlsson S E Resultat av 1990 rs f ltf rs k avseende detaljavvattning markv rd och markf rb ttring samt bevattning Manuskript Persson R amp Wesstr m I Markkemiska effekter av bevattning med Ostersj vatten p land 23 s 5 bil Eckersten H WIGO model User s manual 30 s
5. GNSIN YNDEM YNLEACH YNLUT YNRUT YOUPMA GALIIN GALIUI GALIUT GBA GBI GBR GPCL GPN GPOV GPP GTF GWHAR GWRIN GWRUT OUTPUTS Noa gt About equal to the fertilization need to meet the maximum plant N demand 2X N j Total nitrogen in all decomposition cohorts 2 N G ut Total daily N mineralisation from all litter cohorts N Shoot nitrogen harvested only for information n Leaf N concentration Ng Nitrogen leached from the falling leaves N in Nitrogen uptake to leaf growth n Root N concentration N in Nitrogen uptake to root growth n Stem N concentration N Gn Nitrogen uptake to stem growth Npem gt Total nitrogen demand by plant Nreacn tNpe Nitrogen lost from the soil mineral pool through leaching and denitrification also a fraction of the fertilizer N could is included if QAD gt 0 Nj ut Nitrogen lost from plant through leaf litter N ut Nitrogen lost from plant through root litter C Fraction of soil mineral nitrogen that can be taken up each day ek Growth ak a ok ok ke Ay in Daily increase of leaf area index Ay D Daily leaf fall due to self shedding Ay ut Daily leaf fall b Areal leaf weight EW A b Leaf area to shoot biomass ratio A W only information b Root allocation function W W 0 1 for Pic v Gross canopy photosynthesis at optimal temperature and water conditions for cl
6. WIGO 11 References Papers and reports published with relevance for the WIGO model and publications referred to in the text Eckersten H 1984b Light penetration and photosynthesis in a willow stand In K L Perttu Ed Ecology and management of forest biomass production systems Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Ecology and environmental Research Uppsala Report 15 29 45 Eckersten H 1986a Simulated willow growth and transpiration the effect of high and low resolution weather data Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 38 289 306 Eckersten H 1986b Willow growth as a function of climate water and nitrogen Department of Ecology amp Environmental Research Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Report 25 38 pp Eckersten H 1991 Growth and nitrogen simulation model for short rotation forests WIGO Model description Division of Agricultural Hydrotechnics Report 163 Department of Soil Sciences Swed Univ of Agric Sci Uppsala ISRN SLU HY R 163 SE 36pp Eckersten H amp Ericsson T 1989 Allocation of biomass during growth of willow In K L Perttu amp P J Kowalik Eds Modelling of energy forestry growth water relations and economy Centre for Agricultural publication and documentation Pudoc Wageningen pp 77 85 Eckersten H Kowalik P Nilsson L O amp Perttu K 1983 Simulation of total willow production Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Sec
7. av b Cy d are coefficients for calculating the water reduction factor for decomposition as function of the soil water factor 0 v 1 Va v z a b p ay gt if Vs lt Cy Va 1 v c d 7 Cy gt if v gt Cy O lt v lt l CO CC CC gDW m 2 d d d d C PARAMETERS 13 9 Sensitivity These parameters are used for sensitivity tests and to select some special options The value for no test is given in brackets The subscript denotes the original value Where both the relative and the absolute value are possible to change a constant value of the variable concerned can be chosen by setting the relative change to 0 The special options that can be chosen are as follows i The N fertilization rate can be given as a driving variable or taken proportional to the demand by the plant QSNF QSNDEM and QSNA ii The supply of nitrogen to leaves at growth start can be set optimal or taken as a function of the available nitrogen in the soil OSNLTO are values normally used PSSBD tsun tsuno 0 absolute change of sunshine factor PSSBR tsun tsuno 1 relative change of sunshine factor PSTFD Te Ty 0 absolute change of temp function 2 PSTFR T T 1 relative change of temp function OSBRD b b 0 absolute change of root allocation OSBRR b b 1 relative change of root allocation QSNA Nanen 100 The N fertilization corresp
8. av 1988 rs f ltf rs k avseende detaljavvattning markv rd och markf rb ttring samt bevattning Persson L amp Jernl s R Apparat f r kolonnexperiment under om ttade f rh llanden Manuskript Berglund K Yts nkning p mosstorvjord Sammanst llning av material fr n Lidhult J nk pings l n 18 s Messing I Saturated hydraulic conductivity as related to macroporosity in clay soils 21 s Karlsson I M Markbyggnad f r bostads och rekreationsomr den Prioritering av forskningsinsatser 17 s H kansson A Filtermaterial f r dr nering Kommentarer till en serie demonstrationsprover av grus och s g sp nsmaterial 11 s Persson R amp Wredin A red Vattningsbehov och n ringstillf rsel F redrag presenterade vid NJF seminarium nr 151 Landskrona 1 3 aug 1989 275 s Nitare M Rotutveckling i majs Examensarbete i hydroteknik 39 s Sandsborg J amp Bjerketorp A Kompendium i element r hydromekanik 8 Hydraulisk likformighet samt dimen sionsanalys 30 s Karlsson I M Effekten av jordkonditioneringsmedlet ammonium lauretsulfat p den hydrauliska konduktiviteten i vattenm ttat tillst nd i tv svenska lerjordar 16 s Linn r H Persson R Berglund K amp Karlsson S E Resultat av 1989 rs f ltf rs k avseende detaljavvattning markv rd och markf rb ttring samt bevattning 73 s Jansson P E ed The Skogaby Project Project description 77 s Berglund K Lindberg K
9. created but a separate summary file SUM will be created just like for an ordinary simulation time period between adjacent time points in the output file The time period is represented with the date in the middle of each period SWITCHES 13 B AVERAGEX the actual value at each time point is stored in the output file all requested state X variables will be mean values representing the whole time period between adjacent time points in the output file The time period is represented with the date in the middle of each period Parameter values may now be changed at different dates during the simulation period The new parameter values and the dates from which they should be valid are specified after the other parameter values which are valid from the start of the simulation A maximum of 20 dates can be specified Driving variables will be read from a Pgraph file The name of the file is specified by the user Model parameters are used to define the arrangement of variables in the file see the DRIVANA switch and the variables under the heading DRIVING VARIABLES B INSTATE initial values of state variables will be read from a file The name of the file is specified by the user the format should be exactly the same as in the file for final values of state variables created by the model when the OUTSTATE switch is on _ only the subset of output variables selected by the user will be found in the summary file
10. of all state variables 4 6 Output file WIGO nnn BIN PG structured file with output variables where nnn is the current run number The file is a binary file to be used by the PGraph program for plotting results from the simulation The file contains all the outputs selected in the PREP program In case of having the ADDSIM switch ON you have to specify the name of the output file since the output file will be the same as used by a previous run with the model WIGO_nnn SUM Contains a summary of all instructions used for the simulation and a summary of simulated results The first part of this file corresponds with a parameter file This means that you can always rename or copy this file to a file named for instance MYRUN PAR which could be used as parameter files for future simulations If you donot modify the instruction by editing this file or modifying anything by using the PREP program you will reproduce your old run 4 7 Validation file A validation file is a file with variables that should be compared with simulated variables The result of the comparison will be found in the WIGO_NNN SUM file The first variable in the validation file will be compared with the first variable in the output PG file the second with the second and so wider 4 8 Other initial files Here are two other files including initial values Their names are fixed WIGO GIN The following auxiliary variables should be initialized GCOH1W Dry weight of the younge
11. previous year after an eventual harvest kgDW ha ELE Competition Add ok k kk GCALI A mean Leaf area index as a mean for all plants GCALI1 i d The incoming A values of the single plants that the program reads every 2 y GCALI2 i The outgoing A values of each days calculations GCAMAX A max Maximum leaf area index among all plants 2 GCCOT Plant number 1 CSTTRE number GCMAX W D max Maximum stem biomass among all plants kgDW ha GCMIN W min Minimum stem biomass among all plants kgDW ha GCNAS N mean The available N pool as a mean for all plants kgN ha GCSW6 sw6 Switch 0 implies 63 is read file and 64 is write file 1 implies the opposite GCTRE Max number of plants 210 number GCWR W mean plant Root biomass as a mean for all plants kgDW ha GCXMV i MEAN PLANT Defined as the mean values of the X variables and N see X var for single plants OBS Initial values should be given in WIGO INI Index 1 GCOX 1 30 OUTPUTS 15 News Important changes in new versions will be mentioned here News 31 F rteckning ver utgivna h ften i publikationsserien fr o m 1989 SVERIGES LANTBRUKSUNIVERSITET UPPSALA INSTITUTIONEN FOR MARKVETENSKAP AVDELNINGEN F R LANTBRUKETS HYDROTEKNIK AVDELNINGSMEDDELANDE 89 1 89 2 89 4 89 5 89 6 89 8 89 9 89 10 90 1 91 1 91 2 91 3 Linn r H Persson R Berglund K amp Karlsson S E Resultat
12. string of characters may be specified as the identification of your simulation in addition to the run number The identification given will be written in the variable identification field used by the Pgraph program Be careful when using long strings of characters since the default information stored in the identification field may be overwritten in some cases 5 6 Comment 6 Execute 6 1 Exit The exit command will terminate the interactive session and quit the program without starting a simulation By creating a parameter file before exit the program the input will be saved 6 2 Run The run command will terminate the interactive session and start a simulation using the instructions entered All the instructions are written to the SUM file which may be used as a parameter file if you would like to reproduce the simulation 10 Run options 6 3 Write a parameter file This will create a new parameter file which includes all the instructions specified The new parameter file can be used as an input file to the model 7 Warnings and Errors of parameter values If you specify your input files or your parameter values in a strange way you may get informations about this before you start executing the model There are two levels of information Warnings and Errors Normally you will be informed about warning or errors after you have modify a parameter value and moved to the new sub menu Some errors are the results of combinations of differe
13. 014 S 750 07 UPPSALA SWEDEN Tel 46 18 67 11 69 46 18 67 11 81 SVERIGES LANTBRUKSUNIVERSITET Model specific Henrik Eckersten Institutionen f r markvetenskap Avdelningen f r lantbrukets hydroteknik Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Soil Sciences Division of Agricultural Hydrotechnics Avdelningsmeddelande 91 3 Communications Uppsala 1991 ISSN 0282 6569 ISRN SLU HY AVDM 91 3 SE Table of Contents a scence id cach tete ce iode bae e ON We scu tale a 5 2 GOING SANGO ER 6 A oie eoe veto t eese A ecu E oM 6 eB A dite tud n sr SRA E ap E AL ane 6 2 3 Demonstration example nr ratae ehh Fugo Enn rr ense rar rr son rr ERN nn 6 2 4 RUNNING the model iteraci n 6 2 5 Evaluating your simulation occoooconocccononocnnnnonananorcnonononncanononcnncnonos 7 S PIOGEGITESITHCIURO scontri ctr cobi ni ee nines e RUD roto edt 7 LE rund me ET eae 7 4 1 Driving variable file tnmssesssssssssserssserrserssrrrrnrror reor esersnsren rr r rr rr rer rr r nr sr norr on 7 4 2 Parameter IHo ot 7 4 3 Translation A exei acute pube xa Pa D tosanearetancesteassecdanmants 7 4 4 Initial states file oit tuin c tasti ev tee etu uro tati 7 4 5 Final states filo eiecti cde ite pde med ra dos dO EA 8 LEGES IMa A vm 8 4 7 Validation TNO ds tabs date Goma tab eub 8 4 8 Other initial files uis rotes teda ti 8 4 9 General file description eesmmmerssersereserrrsrrsrsres
14. 4 3 Auxiliary variables i doeet iterom pen ger et eos tne nid ev iet rp a Ed 26 14 4 Driving variables nem 28 14 5 Annual SUMS oce sioe etd Gru a sao vae ena cas eue uie aeui d ad odi pag UTaPe eO Ge 28 14 6 Other variables calculated ici Dr deor a rrt Re ex a 29 15 News 1 Background Uppsala 91 10 29 The WIGO model WlIllow GrOwth considers all biomass and nitrogen flows in a short rotation forest which are of major importance for growth The time step is one day and simulations can be made over several years and include different types of management harvest fertilization defoliation etc Several studies are related to earlier versions of this model see the section on References The basic concept of the model has been described by Eckersten amp Slapokas 1990 The aim of this manual is to give a complete technical description of all inputs and outputs of the model so that the model can be used in all its context by the person running the model The manual is available in the program under the help option Just press F1 The sections om Switches Parameters and Outputs are placed at the end of the manual because they are so often read For the theoretical description of the model is referred to Eckersten 1991 The link to that report is through the symbols given in the parameter and variable description Observe that the units may differ between the manual and the model description The source code of the model is written in FOR
15. 8 Wax Maximum daily release rate of assimilates in the kgDW ha d available pool ZKMO Kno Coefficient for the leaf abscission function m ZKMI Km Coefficient for the leaf abscission function ma d ZTDA d Length of the day after midsummer when leaf abscission h starts ZWAI Wa Fraction of the daily growth allocated to the plant available assimilates ZWSL Was Stem biomass for which SW max is doubled kgDW ha 20 PARAMETERS 13 4 N allocation Parameters related to the allocation of nitrogen within the plant QNLO Pog Optimum canopy nitrogen concentration for allocation io of biomass to roots ONLX nma Maximum leaf nitrogen concentration for N uptake QNRX Nmax gt Maximum root nitrogen concentration QNSX NMax gt Maximum stem nitrogen concentration 13 5 N availability gN gDW gN gDW gN gDW gN gDW Parameters related to the easily available pools of nitrogen both in plant and in soil QAD aq Fractional loss of the nitrogen supplied through fertilizers N QALD aq Daily fractional loss of nitrogen in the available pool in the soil as QAW amp Fractional withdrawal of nitrogen in leaves before abscission QBW b Fractional withdrawal of dry weight in leaves before abscission OBS Must be greater than 0 QUPMALI c Fraction of soil mineral nitrogen N possible to take up per day as proportional to the root growth W QUPMA2 c Fraction o
16. AMENOP INC Names WIGO DOC Names and Description For X T G and D variables should be given Input files ASCII ASCII PGRA ASCII ASCII ASCII ASCII ASCII PVAL INC Numbers WIGO DEF Numbers WIGO INI Initial X values lt gt 0 WIGO TRA Names and Description xxxx BIN Variables WIGO GIN Check WIGO AUT Check WIGO CIN Check WIGO DOC Names Description and Numbers D 5 Run options Are used to specify the timestep the temporal representation of output variables and the period for the simulation 5 1 Run no You can restart from run number 1 by deleting the file WIGO STA 5 2 Start date The simulation period must be specified with a start and a termination date The dates will be used when reading the driving variable file and when writing output variables to the PGRA structured result file The time is fully represented by a string like f i 198711031240 but the hour and minutes may be excluded if they are not needed in the simulation 5 3 Output interval The output interval determines how frequent the output variables will be given to the output file The requested output variable can either be a mean value of the whole time interval or the actual value at the time of output see the switches AVERAGEX T G and D The output interval is given in units of minutes 5 4 No of iterations The time step of the model is one day No other values are allowed 5 5 Run id Any
17. During these earlier decomposition periods is assumed a constant air temperature of 10 C and optimal water conditions tsou Number of days determining the periodicity in the sinusoidal variation of soil temperature over time T exp z z sin 365 t t5 21 z z4 sin 365 t ts 20 Only used if ANATEMPS switch is ON trace switch 0 Switch activating a trace option 0 implies no tracing Switch 0 or 1 0 1 implies that the water response factor for growth is given as a driving variable DVP OBS Then VSTPLE should be 0 V V estimated 1 The relative change of the water response function estimated by the program however equal to one at present OBS Then VSTPLD should be 0 Switch 0 or 1 0 21 implies that the water response factor for decomposition is given as a driving variable DVS OBS Then VSTSOE should be 0 VJV estimated 1 The relative change of the soil water response function estimated by the program however equal to one at present OBS Then VSTSOD should be 0 b x x implies that the areal leaf weight is constant equal to x during the season OBS Then ZSTBAD should be 0 ANALEAF switch must be ON Switch 0 or 1 0 21 implies that the areal leaf weight is given as a driving variable DBA OBS Then ZSTBAC should be 0 ANALEAF switch must be ON t 0 Day number for harvest counted from Jan 1 0 gt no harvest HARVEST switch must be ON d 0 999 Frac
18. TRAN 77 and the exe file is created making use of a special program package for creating simulation models on PC PSIM made by Per Erik Jansson and Jan Clareus Uppsala Multiple runs with the model with different parameter values can be made with the MR program The input variables as well as the outputs from the model are aimed to be created and presented and further evaluated using the PGraph program This program or PGDEMO which is free of charge also enables the conversion between WIGO GROWTH specific files and ordinary DOS files with ASCII format Biomass Nitrogen Figure 1 Schematic description of the WIGO model consisting of two submodels the production submodel and the nitrogen turnover submodel W and N are biomass and nitrogen respectively Indices are as follows a available pool ap available pool in plant as available pool in soil d litter h humus l leaf r roots s stems and t total j is the age The prime sign denotes a daily change Solid lines are daily flows whilst dotted lines are annual flows All major flows of the model are represented in the graph Those lacking are maintain respiration leaching of N from falling leaves and harvest Background 5 2 Getting started 2 1 Installation The model is normally distributed on a floppy diskette for IBM PC together with a demonstration example see below You just put all files in the same directory However keep a copy somewhere else 2 2 Files If yo
19. a XNL N N in leaves kgN ha XNQR Nor N in roots older than one year kgN ha XNQS Nos N in stems older than one year kgN ha XNR N N in roots younger than one year kgN ha XNS N N in stem younger than one year kgN ha XQR Q Accumulated root growth since planting or harvest except kgDW ha the growth of the current year XQS Q Accumulated stem growth since planting or harvest except kgDW ha the growth of the current year XWA W Assimilates in plant available for flushing kgDW ha XWDO W 0 Dry weight of input litter cohort kgDW ha XWL W Accumulated leaf growth of the current year kgDW ha XWLF Weg Accumulated leaf fall of the current year kgDW ha XWR W Accumulated root growth of the current year kgDW ha XWS W Accumulated stem growth of the current year kgDW ha XWSH W Accumulated shoot growth of the current year kgDW ha OUTPUTS 25 14 2 Flow variables Variable TWA TWDO TWL TWLF TWR TWS TWSH Symbol Explanation A gt Leaf area index N Sum of N in the plant assimilate pool and the soil mineral pool N o N in the input litter cohort Nr N in the humus compartment Ny N in leaves Nor Nin roots older than one year Nos N in stems older than one year N N in roots N Nin stem Q Accumulated root growth since planting or harvest except the growth of the current year Q Accumulated stem growth si
20. ables in the input file are not available or wanted to be modified This option gives access to simple substitution functions of driving variables OBS Be careful this switch does not influence the calculations B ANAFERT The fertilization rate is a driving variable in the input file The fertilization rate equals maximum plant demand in terms of the daily growth B ANALEAF The areal leaf weight is a driving variable in the input file The areal leaf wight leaf thickness can be put constant NW ANAWATERP The plant water factor is a driving variable in the input file The plant water factor is equal to one E ANAWATERS The soil water factor is a driving variable in the input file The soil water conditions are optimal i e v 1 The soil temperature given as a driving variable can be multiplied with a function that varies sinusoidally over time and exponentially over depth Special functions are available OBS Be careful this switch does not influence the calculations The parameters do This switch also cancels some other switches direct effect on the calculations These are ANALEAF ANAFERT ANAWATERP and ANAWATERS A special option is activated that simulates the growth of single trees see parameter CSTTRE OBS Be careful this switch does not influence the calculations CSTTRE acts as a switch in the calculations not used 16 SWITCHES 13 PARAMETERS General rules for par
21. ade o se ate Communicati SLU HY A NM zm au x m H g Sciences Fi sity of A artment of Soil Divisio on of Agricultural Hydrotechnics aD Denna serie meddelanden utges av Avdelningen f r lantbrukets hydroteknik Sveriges Lantbruks universitet Uppsala Serien inneh ller s dana forsknings och f rs ksredog relser samt andra uppsatser som bed ms vara avif rstahandinternt intresse Uppsatser l mpade f r en mer allm n spridning publiceras bl a i avdelningens rapport serie Tidigare nummer i meddelandeserien kan i m n av tillg ng levereras fr n avdelningen Distribution Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet Institutionen f r markvetenskap Avdelningen f r lantbrukets hydroteknik Box 7014 750 07 UPPSALA Tel 018 67 11 69 67 11 81 This series of Communications is produced by the Division of Agricultural Hydrotechnics Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala The series concists of reports on research and field trials and of other articles considered to be of interest mainly within the department Articles of more general interest are published in for example the department s Report series Earlier issues in the Communications series can be obtained from the Division of Agricultural Hydro technics subject to availability Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Soil Sciences Division of Agricultural Hydrotechnics P O Box 7
22. ally a user will start with the subjects to the left in the main menu and move to the right It is a good rule to modify the settings of switches and input files before moving to the other menus since the content of the other menus are influenced by the setting of the two first sub menus The main menu is as follows 1 FILES 2 SWITCHES 3 PARAMETERS 4 OUTPUTS 5 RUN OPTIONS 6 EXECUTION 4 Input files 4 1 Driving variable file XXXX BIN A driving variable file is always a PG file The variables in the PG file can be organized in different ways depending on how different parameters are specified See parameters in the group Driving variables 4 2 Parameter file XXXX PAR Theparameter file is an ordinary DOS file with ASCII characters All parameters with actual numerical values should be included in the file If any parameter is missing in the file a message is displayed on the screen and a default value is selected from the WIGO DEF file New parameter files may be created prior the execution of the model using the WRITE command see EXECUTION WRITE 4 3 Translation file WIGO TRA A translation file which must exist if the variables in the output PG file should get their correct identification Only if the switch OUTFORN is ON this file is not necessary 4 4 Initial states file XXXX INI The file contains the initial values of all state variables Program structure 7 4 5 Final states file This file contains the final values
23. ameter names are as follows ST Start parameter S Sensitivity parameter P Photosynthesis 2 Growth Q Nitrogen turnover V Water C Competition 13 1 Start These parameters are of special concern prior each simulation Some special options can be selected using these parameters 1 The areal leaf weight leaf thickness can be given as a driving variable or put constant ZSTBAD and ZSTBAC see ANALEAF switch ii The water response function for growth can be given as a driving variable or estimated by the program however no function is used in the program so it is put equal to 1 VSTPLD and VSTPLE see ANAWATERP switch 111 The litter pool consists of several litter cohorts However initial values are only given for the one year old litter cohort in the WIGO GIN file The initial values of the older cohorts are calculated assuming decomposition to have been going on for several decomposition periods oflength QSTDAY days and with a constant air temperature of 10 C at optimal water conditions iv Harvest of plant can take place at day ZSTHAR see HARVEST switch If you simulate over several years the program harvest every year at this day However by using the CHAPAR switch you can change the value of ZSTHAR to zero after a harvest and then no more harvest will be done In this way new harvest days can be chosen as well The degree of harvest can range between 0 and 100 You can choose the fracti
24. and can be put off by setting STXTGD 0 STPMAX plot maximum 1000 The expected maximum value among the differs variables selected by STXTGD STXTGD variables plotted on screen 4000 Numbers of output variables to numbers be presented on the screen during the simulation e g 4200 means 4 X 2 T zero G and zero D variables 0 implies no plotting 24 PARAMETERS 14 OUTPUTS The output variables are divided into four categories states X flows T auxiliaries 2G and drivings D The variables are distributed among the groups not strictly following the meaning of the group name Some state and flow variables are found among auxiliaries however named in the proper way The flow variables are the net flows into the corresponding state variables General rules for names of variables are as follows however not strictly followed X State T Flow D Driving G Auxiliary variable used in more than one subroutine GC sometime means compet var All units expressed per unit area refers to the ground surface Note that units of output variables sometimes are multiples of the basic SI system 14 1 State variables Variable Symbol Explanation Unit XALI A Leaf area per unit of ground surface leaf area index m m XNA N zou of N in the plant assimilate pool and the soil mineral kgN ha pool XNDO N o N in the input litter cohort kgN ha XNH N Nin the humus compartment kgN h
25. break 28 OUTPUTS Nr in amp Nj ut N in N in amp N ut N4 0 in 2N4 ut Sum of all age classes j Np in amp N ut Nr in Ny in amp N ut Np Nis Nip in W in ENG Sum of all age classes j ZW Sum of all age classes j 14 6 Other variables calculated kgN ha y kgN ha y kgN ha y kgN ha y kgN ha y kgN ha y kgN ha y kgN ha y kgN ha kgN ha kgN ha y kgDW ha kgN ha kgDW ha Here are presented some variables that are calculated by the program however not available as output They could easily be put among the output variables by replacing some of the old ones This should be done in the DYNAMIC FOR file the EQUIV ALENCE statements and the WIGO DEF file and then making the corresponding changes in the WIGO TRA file Henrik for has to be recompiled as well however not changed Variable Symbol Explanation GCOX Total number of X variables GDAYH t h 24 Day number with hourly resolution GDAYIA f Day number at start of leaf abscission GDAYL DAYL Daylength GDEC DEC Sun declination GPNI P Photosynthesis including the water factor GRAD DRAD The radiation input variable see DRAD GSO S total radiation above the atmosphere GSW2 sw2 Switch that is 1 Ali lt 0 and t gt midsummer 0 winter per 1 first day of veg per 2 veg per GTAX DTA Air t
26. ear day P 1 1 v Daily net canopy photosynthesis at optimal temperature and water conditions P4o v Gross canopy photosynthesis at optimal temperature and water conditions for overcast day P v Daily gross canopy photosynthesis at optimal temperature and water conditions T Temperature function for growth W Shoot biomass harvested only for information W in Daily gross root growth W ut Daily death of roots kgN ha d kgN ha kgN ha d kgN ha gN gDW kgN ha kgN ha d gN gDW kgN ha d gN gDW kgN ha d kgN ha d kgN ha d kgN ha d kgN ha d d d d d gDW m ha kgDW kgDW ha d kgDW ha d kgDW ha d kgDW ha d kgDW ha kgDW ha d kgDW ha d 27 GWSUT Q ut Daily death of stems older than one year kgDW ha d GWT W Total daily growth kgDW ha d ES Other X variables ES XNAP Ny N in the plant assimilate pool kgN ha XNAS Ns Soil mineral N in the whole profile kgN ha XWH W Dry weight of the humus compartment kgDW ha Only for information 14 4 Driving variables Driving variables should be given at time 00 00 in the input file No missing data are allowed que DEUS should be given in the same order in the input file as in the D array see Number OW Variable Symbol Explanation Unit N
27. emperature driving variable GYEARS Shoot age oh KA KK Nitrogen turnover EEES GCOCOX Maximum numbers of decomposition cohorts GCOH D WC Dry weight of litter cohorts i odd values N G Nitrogen of litter cohorts i even values Index 1 GCOCOX 1 GNAL Na N in N that is left for leaves GNAPIN Na in N input to the plant N pool OUTPUTS Unit number d d h rad kgDW ha d hd I m s D CC y number kgDW ha kgN ha kgN ha kgN ha 29 Nap ut N in the plant pool used for growth GNAPUT kgN ha GNDXUT N YQCOC ut Daily N mineralisation from the oldest litter cohort kgN ha d GNHUT N ut Daily N mineralisation from humus kgN ha d GSW3 sw3 Switch that equals zero at the first time step GWDT 2 W G Total dry weight in all decomposition cohorts kgDW ha sie ok oe ok kkk Growth choke KK sk kkk GALIUA A a Daily leaf fall due to winter abscission d GALIUS Ay ut t 1 Daily leaf fall of the previous day d GANN i i 1 GCOANN Annual sums of daily flows Printed in WIGO AUT Coya GBRN b Root allocation as a function of n 0 1 GCOANN Number of variables for annual output number OBS Related to 2010 FORMAT GML m Function for daily leaf fall caused by entering winter d GTAACC Trace accumulated sum of air temperature gt 0 from day ty ZZDAYTA d C GWSL W t Stem biomass of the
28. f soil mineral nitrogen N possible to take up per day as proportional to root biomass of the current year W QUPMA3 c Fraction of soil mineral nitrogen N possible to take up per day as proportional to root biomass older one year Q QUPMAX c4 Maximum fraction of the soil mineral nitrogen N possible to be taken up by plant each day If c calculated with QUPMA 1 3 lt 0 then c QUPMAX 13 6 Decomposition d C C kgDW kgDW d kgDW d d Parameters used for calculating the decomposition and mineralisation rates from litter and humus QALPHA 0 Coefficient that relates the microbial growth rate and humus mineralisation to soil temperature QBETA B Coefficient that relates microbial growth rate to the litter age QCL c The carbon to dry weight ratio in the litter QCM Cm The carbon to dry weight ratio in the microbial biomass QDX Za The relaxation depth for soil temperature Only used if ANATEMPS switch is ON see parameter QSTTS QE0 The microbial efficiency production assimilation QKH k Daily relative decrease of humus nitrogen QNDMIN Minimum annual mineralization from a litter cohort before it is transferred to the humus compartment ONLFL a Fraction of nitrogen that is leached from the falling leaves before they enter the litter pool QNM n Nitrogen concentration in microbial biomass PARAMETERS CC gC gDW gC gDW m d
29. n is missing in the FILE1 PAR file values from the original model definition file will be used A parameter file does not need to be complete It may be restricted to only instructions that need to be changed compared to what is found in the original model definition file WIGO DEF There are also a possibility to specify a number of parameter files on the command line PREP b WIGO FILE1 FILE2 FILE3 This means that the PREP program will first read the instructions of FILE1 PAR then of FILE2 PAR and finally of the FILE3 PAR file The information read last will be used But remember that the parameter files not necessarily are complete They can be organized with only information about for instance harvest in the FILE2 PAR file information aboutrun options like time periods in the FILE3 PAR file Warnings and Errors of parameter 11 values 9 Problems If you get problems find bugs or just want to report an interesting phenomena please let us know about it Write to Henrik Eckersten Department of Soil Science Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences P O Box 7014 S 750 07 Uppsala Sweden Please remember to send a copy of your input data files and the commands used when you get any problems 10 Help Help is available almost everywhere Just press the F1 key and you are transferred to help In help typing a single RETURN takes you one level down By pressing ESC you move up again The END key brings you back to
30. nce planting or harvest except the growth of the current year W Assimilates in plant available for flushing Woy Dry weight of input litter cohort W Accumulated leaf growth of the current year Wy Accumulated leaf fall of the current year Wr Accumulated root growth of the current year W Accumulated stem growth of the current year Wan Accumulated shoot growth of the current year 14 3 Auxiliary variables Variable GCOCOH GCOHIN GCOH2N GCOHIW GDAYI GNDIUT GND2UT Symbol Explanation eR KK k Nitrogen turnover sek ek EK j Number of decomposing litter cohorts only for information N 1 Nitrogen in decomposition cohort nr 1 N4 2 Nitrogen in the second youngest decomposition cohort W 1 Dry weight of decomposition cohort nr 1 t Day number 1 366 N 1 ut Daily N mineralisation from the youngest litter cohort N4Q ut Daily N mineralisation from the second youngest decomposition cohort Unit n m d kgN ha d kgN ha d kgN ha d kgN ha d kgN ha y kgN ha y kgN ha d kgN ha d kgDW ha y kgDW ha y kgDW ha d kgDW ha d kgDW ha d kgDW ha d kgDW ha d kgDW ha d kgDW ha d Unit number kgN ha kgN ha kgDW ha d kgN ha d kgN ha d OUTPUTS GNDEMA GNDT GNDTUT GNHAR GNL GNLFL GNLIN GNR GNRIN GNS
31. nt parameters values and they may not occur before you try to run the model In this situation a final check of all input files and all relevant parameter values are made If the final check results in any warning or error messages you can always return to the PREP program and continue to modify your instructions so they will be within valid ranges of accepted intervals The list of messages is found in a window under the execute menu In case of errors the model can not run but in case of only warnings you are allowed to run the model 8 Commands You start the preparation of a simulation by pressing PREP WIGO on the command line of the DOS system This will be the starting point for adding any type of new instructions for your simulation Parameter values from the WIGO PAR file will be used ifthe file is present at the current directory Otherwise the original default values of the model will be used WIGO DEF You can also start the interactive session with default values taken from another parameter file by entering that parameter file name at the command line PREP WIGO FILE1 will result in default values from the parameter file FILE1 PAR You can run the WIGO model in batch mode which means that you will not make use of the interactive session at all Instead you will run the model from default values Type PREP b WIGO FILE1 This will result in a run with the model that use information from the FILE1 PAR file If informatio
32. on of the accumulated leaf area index from the canopy top Aj PMO a in M atb t C ts see PM2 below PMI b in M atb tg C tu see PM2 below PM2 c in M a b ts C tgun C Actual photosynthesis as a function M of photosynthesis at overcast and clear sky conditions ts is the relative duration of bright sunshine PPI p Parameter for the photosynthetic light response WE m s equal to the light PAR that gives P P 2 PPMO pi in P p p n see PPM1 below mgCO gDW h PPMI p in P47p pn mgCO gDW h Photosynthesis per unit leaf weight at optimal light PAR temperature and water conditions as a function of leaf nitrogen concentration nj ZDALI 5 Ay of internal canopy layers used for calculating the light PAR interception ZID I Light PAR level below which leaf shedding starts WE m s ZRG T Fractional respiration of total daily growth Wp 13 3 C_allocation Parameters related to the allocation of biomass within the plant and litter fall QMR m Mortality of roots as a fraction of the daily root growth 0 OMS m Daily relative mortality rate for stems older than one year d ZBIO bio The leaf area to shoot biomass ratio at unity shoot biomass ha ton ZBII bj Parameter related to the decrease in the leaf area to shoot ha ton biomass ratio as the shoot biomass increases ZBRO b Minimum fraction of the total daily growth that is allocated to roots ZDWAX
33. on of tissues that are taken out of growth destroyed with ZSTHDL ZSTHDS and ZSTHDQ Of this amount a certain fraction can be taken out of the forest ZSTHHL ZSTHHS and ZSTHHQ whereas the rest is incorporated in the litter pool v A special option named Competition is activated by setting CSTTRE gt 0 see COMPETITION switch Then initial values of state variables for each plant should be given in WIGO CIN Results of the mean plant is found among the normal output variables while the final values of the single plants are found in either WIGO CIN or WIGO CUT The plants can compete for light and nitrogen Technically this option works by making the ordinary simulations several times each day once for each plant The input and output of state variables for the single plants are read write from WIGO CIN and WIGO CUT The light and nitrogen availability is however a function of all the other plants The mean plant is the mean value of each state variable are values normally used PARAMETERS 17 Variable Symbol Explanation PSTRLA PSTSLA QSTDAY QSTTS STTRAC VSTPLD VSTPLE VSTSOD VSTSOE ZSTBAC ZSTBAD ZSTHAR ZSTHDL ZSTHDQ ZSTHDS ZSTHHL latitude for the radiation data Only used when DRIVRAD switch latitude for the growth simulation site OBS Latitudes are given in degree units with minutes converted to decimals tp Length of decomposition period prior the simulation start
34. onding to the demand by kgN ha the plant which equals the deficit in the available pool from a certain value Ninem that is enough to meet the maximum daily plant demand Only used if Q9NDEM gt 0 QSNA works on N OBS This value is inversely related to c see QUPMAX QSNDEM 0 OSNDEM 1 and QSNF 0 implies that N is taken equal to the demand by the plant 0 lt QSNDEM lt 1 implies that N is a certain fraction of the demand QSNF N N 1 relative change of N fertilization QSNF 1 and QSNDEM 0 implies that N is given as a driving variable N DNF QSNLD ny ny 0 absolute change of leaf N conc OSNLDE Nopem Nipemo 1 relative change in the demand of N by leaves QOSNLR n n 1 relative change of leaf N conc QSNLTO _ switch for supply of leaf nitrogen at start 0 Determines wether the leaves are supplied by optimal nitrogen content at start of growth 0 gt Ni t Nivtax W t or by the nitrogen available in the pool 1 gt N t N MIN N QSUD u u 0 absolute change in microbial growth rate d QSUR u u 1 relative change in microbial growth rate ZSALIR Ay Ag 1 relative change of leaf area growth ZSWLR W W 1 relative change of leaf growth PARAMETERS 23 13 10 Plotting on line Variables can be plotted on screen during the simulation by selecting appropriate values of STXTGD and STPMAX This option consume some time
35. rrrsrnrnrerrrrrr sar er rnrr rn aequa 8 5 RUBODIOFIS care ravit vto EE cesses dns riti DLe Gu Mtl Bad AVR e LC ps aes Sad 10 BT FIL DO da 10 5 2 Sar CAO Quum etus be ue vagina dat iu E toL A t dn C eC 10 5 9 Qu tp t interval iilo A Etpe ute sera tae Dc NER s k NUN 10 9 4 NO OT MOTOS uou ocius eile ceca que de cr uses ren s td ebbe rede 10 A E E T E E E E E E 10 5 6 Comment EE E E PUER 10 CEN nadaa N 10 ubl Er RR 10 D o PUE A o Paus 10 6 3 Write a parameter file oconnccccccnnccoconnnonnncnannncnnonnnnnnnnnconaanonnnnnn 11 7 Warnings and Errors of parameter values sese 11 B Commands aria XD eon dole Pa NL FOR ERA dr HAT OD DERE rut reu Gn 11 S PIODIOITIS NEU A E A 12 HO E 0 tes sents E E A AEE O ETN M 12 11 ule sida a a Ti TE OE TEETE A 12 12 SWITCHES E AE E E A E E 13 LANE a a a EAE TE 13 12 2 Model Specifi aiii trac urb kd GRAB aaea ini 15 IS PARAMETERS siunannut euo de Cep A Ao 17 T5 SS DIE E Sica oec eit dentiste bd isens Vac unb re ids Dated EI SE enda s 17 13 2 PROTOSYNING UR TM ET 19 13 9 C alocalon eI 20 13 4 N allocati n sormr anane ra e 21 13 5 Navallabilily s sos coti A EENE eai e 21 19 6 DECOMPOSITION i aset orenpE RE d dpa ie 21 13 7 Temperat re BIG aia tess nde inser odo d ates tes ciiin etae 22 ERSAT 2 A A E E E AEN 22 iecur c 23 TOTO IOUING OM hl es A eroe es cede beta otis 24 EE TN 25 TATTOO VariablBs di 25 14 2 Flow variables da aa 26 1
36. st litter cohort GCOHIN Nitrogen in the youngest litter cohort GWSL and XWH are not used WIGO CIN Ifthe COMPETITION swistch is ON the following variables should be initialized All X variables 1 GCOX XNAS XNA GCOH1W and GCOHIN see the section on Output variables 4 9 General file description File Description Type Files used for the simulation xxxx are names given by the user WIGO exe Program WIGO tra Labels of output variables ASCII XXXX BIN Input variables data file PGRA the DRIVPGRA switch must be ON Xxxx PAR Parameter names and values ASCII XXxx XIN Initial values lt gt 0 of state variables ASCII the INSTATE switch must be ON WIGO GIN Initial values of some auxiliary variables The name is fixed ASCII WIGO AUT This file has to exist only Its name is fixed ASCH 8 Input files WIGO CIN WIGO CUT Output files WIGO nnn bin WIGO nnn sum WIGO sta WIGO AUT WIGO CIN amp WIGO CUT xxxx cmd WIGO hlp Initial values of state and some auxiliary variables One record for each plant Only used if CSTTRE gt 0 OBS This file is overwritten during the simulation and has to be updated before each simulation Its name is fixed Has to exist only Only used if CSTTRE gt 0 OBS This file is overwritten during the simulation Its name is fixed Output variables data file nnn is number of run OBS If the competition option is used i e CSTTRE gt 0 the values are means of all plants s
37. t of WIGO CIN and WIGO CUT and the previous simulation ii In WIGO INI X1 should be the mean of XWR in WIGO CIN and X should be the mean of XNA of the single plants iii Start the simulation the day before the last day of the previous sim iv CSTTRE should be gt 1 lya 0 Number of plants that wants to be used in the simulation The WIGO CIN file should contain at least lma records with initial values 0 implies that the competition option is not active Should be x 10 13 2 Photosynthesis Parameters used for the calculation of daily canopy photosynthesis PCLOUI ain D a bO see PCLOU2 below PCLOU2 bin D atbO Coefficients for determining the radiation factor D is the relative duration of sunshine as function of the fractional cloudiness O only used if DRIVRAD switch 5 PGH g Daily time fraction for which suntrack is not obscured by horizon Only used if DRIVRAD switch 2 PGI PAR quanta incident above canopy devided by the corresponding global radiation Icl Scl PGO PAR quanta incident above canopy during an overcast day devided by the corresponding value for clear sky conditions Iov Icl PGS g Parameter related to air turbidity Used for calculating global radiation PKO ain k atb A t c A see PK2 below PKI b in k at b A c A7 see PK2 below PARAMETERS number HE J C C C 19 Coefficients for estimating the light extinction coefficient k as a functi
38. tion of Energy Forestry Uppsala Report 32 45 pp Eckersten H Lindroth A amp Nilsson L O 1987 Willow production related to climatic variations in southern Sweden Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2 99 110 Eckersten H Lindroth A amp Nilsson L O 1989 Simulated growth of willow stands related to variations in weather and foliage nitrogen content In K L Perttu amp P J Kowalik Eds Modelling of energy forestry Growth Water Relations and Economy PUDOC Wageningen pp 33 63 Eckersten H amp Slapokas T 1990 Modelling nitrogen turnover and production in an irrigated short rotation forest Agr and For Meteor 50 99 123 Nilsson L O amp Eckersten H 1983 Willow production as a function of radiation and temperature Agric Meteorol 30 49 57 Perttu K Eckersten H Kowalik P amp Nilsson L O 1984 Modelling potential energy forest production In Perttu K Ed Ecology and management of forest biomass production systems Dept Ecol amp Environ Res Rep 15 Swed Univ Agric Sci Uppsala 46 pp 12 Problems 12 SWITCHES The purpose of switches is to chose the simulation mode Most switches could either be OFF or ON Others can achieve different values 12 1 Technical B ADDSIM OFF The simulation results will be stored in a separate result file with a name according to the run number The simulation results are automatically added to the result file of a previous simulation r
39. tion of the leaf biomass that is destroyed OBS Must be 1 HARVEST switch must be ON do 0 999 Fraction of the old stem biomass that is destroyed If you are giving the fraction a negative value the old root biomass is destroyed in the same proportion as the stem HARVEST switch must be ON d 0 999 Fraction of the stem biomass of the current year that is destroyed If you are giving the fraction a negative value the old root biomass is destroyed in the same proportion as the stem OBS Must be gt 1 and 1 HARVEST switch must be ON h 0 Fraction of the destroyed leaf biomass that is harvested the rest goes to litter HARVEST switch must be ON Unit O d d PARAMETERS ZSTHHQ ZSTHHS CSTI CSTSW CSTTRE a ho 1 Fraction of the destroyed old stem biomass that is harvested the rest goes to litter HARVEST switch must be ON h 1 Fraction of the destroyed young stem biomass that is harvested the rest goes to litter HARVEST switch must be ON ek A eK k kk Competition eR RK RR RR k k A min 2 Minimum value of the leaf area index of the largest plant A D max before competition for light starts High value gt No competition for light Switch setter 0 This parameter is used for choosing between two simulations a O simulation from start b 12 sim starts within veg per and sw2 2 Add simulations are made as follows i WIGO CIN should be the lates
40. u want to distribute the files among different directories the following is suggested PATH should be available to directories other than the working application directory Setting this PATH most conveniently is done in the AUTOEXEC BAT file See also the special for the WIGO TRA file Directory Files Description GENERAL PROGRAMS PG EXE Executable file PGraph program A special version that is freely available is named PGDEMO EXE PREP EXE Executable file PREP program PG HLP Help file PGraph program MODEL PROGRAMS WIGO EXE Executable file WIGO model WIGO DEF Definition file WIGO HLP Help file WIGO TRA Variable name translation file Path to this file must be given in the DEMO PAR file WORKING DEMO BIN PG file with input variables for running the model DEMO PAR Parameter file for the WIGO model DEMO INI Initial values of X variables WIGO GIN Initial values of G variables WIGO AUT Annual outputs of some variables WIGO CIN Only used for a special option WIGO CUT Only used for a special option 2 3 Demonstration example Usually a demonstration example is delivered together with the model This example draws pictures of selected inputs and outputs of the model and give a short verbal description Files belonging to this example are named DEMO those named WIGO are outputs those named WIGO are model general files and those named P are general programs For further information just type DEMO info 2 4 Running the model
41. umber DRAD Radiation factor that can be see switch DRIVRAD differs 1 1 tp Relative daily duration of sunshine 11 ts Duration of sunshine h d iii Ratio between daily values of actual and clear sky global radiation v S Daily sums of global radiation 300 3000nm MJ m d v O Mean daytime fraction of cloudiness DTA T Daily mean air temperature CC 2 DTS T Daily mean soil temperature O 3 DVP Vp gt Plant water factor 0 1 regulating growth Actual to 4 potential transpiration ratio DVS V Soil water factor 0 1 regulating decomposition Relative 35 water content DNF Np Nitrogen fertilization rate should include atmospheric kgN ha d 6 deposition if any OBS You should set QSNF 1 and QSNDEM 0 DBA b Areal leaf weight leaf biomass to leaf area ratio gDW m 7 OBS You should set ZSTBAD 1 and ZSTBAC 0 14 5 Annual sums In a special output file named WIGO AUT the annual sums in case of flow variables of some variables mainly those not available in the T array are presented in ASCII form For the explanation of variable names are referred to the other symbol descriptions in and ut denote input and output respectively The variables are given in the following order in WIGO AUT W in tonDW ha y Wan amp We ut tonDW ha y W in amp W ut tonDW ha y Wg 0 in tonDW ha y W tonDW ha kak T ine
42. ummary of both inputs and outputs Information to WIGO about the current run number Delete this file if you want to restart from run number 1 Annual sums of different flow variables These files contain the variables originally given in WIGO CIN The values are those of the two last days simulated Which is the last and which is the next last depends on the number of days simulated Only used if CSTTRE gt 0 Instructions to MR program about multiple runs with different parameter values Type mr xxxx cmd not used File containing help information identical to what is written in this paper not necessary This file is created in the following way by the programmer i gt ms WIGO_hlp doc make a new section for every symbol name alt h for every name and alt g for the first name of each section ii Retrieve help set global settings only alt j iii Export ASCTI file help txt unfold the document and write a screen image alt k iv DOS mhelp WIGO txt help txt Files used for running the model and handling output files plotc bat plotc xx pg Compares two simulations by plotting the variables on the same graph e g Type plotc xx 8 2 PG instruction file in which the variables that shall be compared can be chosen i Files used when making name modifications For WIGO PAR parameters should be given for programming WIGO DEF Numbers Names Groups and Values PVAL INC Numbers PNAME INC Names PN
43. un for an earlier time period Note that the selected output variables must be exactly the same for the present and the previous simulation The name of the former result file is given by the user as output file name By defaultthe startdate of the present simulation is put identical as the terminate date of the previous simulation The final values of state variables from the previous simulation must be selected as the initial values of state variables for the present run see INSTATE and B AVERAGED the actual value at each time point is stored in the output file ON allrequested driving D variables will be mean values representing the whole time period between adjacent time points in the output file The time period is represented with the date in the middle of each period E AVERAGEG the actual value at each time point is stored in the output file ON all requested auxiliary G variables will be mean values representing the whole time period between adjacent time points in the output file The time period is represented with B AVERAGET the actual value at each time point is stored in the output file OUTSTATE switches Note that the OUTSTATE switch must be on for any the date in the middle of each period all requested flow T variables will be mean values representing the whole simulation to which the result of a later simulation will be added No new outpu data file BIN will be
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