i41CX+ Mini
Contents
1. Gej amp gt X 8 gt lt 4 z 0 0 lt 219 8 010 lt 9 Bag vV BE EE a O 5 5 9 olt cu a 41 5 n 0 010 JAE zm 51V 2 0 m 210 opu IG T lt A Em i i AS amp gt gt 19 i PIR X gt i R ENTER Modern Gris Naked Modern Gris 31 Skins Collection Continued ISG 4 L x TIE Modern Noir 3 592654 2 ex SIN cos TAN cos 4 Z CLE 51 34 Yo a LBL BST gt 4 10 STO RCL SST K 2 2 E CATALOG ISG ENTER 4 CHS gt BI IE E 0 Ui 2 E D E 7 X o H gt 0 a Modern Noir Naked 32 Skins Collection Continued M1CX Y 1 414214 USER yt UAE Yo R ASN CATALOG ENTER SF 7 BEEP 4 2 SiN SIN LBL STO CHS 4 PRGM 10 106 cos GTO RCL RTN EEX Neo Classic 2 718282 CBS ALPHA 1 Y 414214T 2 718282 4414 336654 USER 44 PRGM ALPHA 10 Mele2. Save configuration Save program Save text file Save data file ED Keyboard Map ED keyboard map Access Calculator Back Swipe ED Keyboard Map from right to left Frequently Used Options Configure frequently used options Swipe the Frequently Used Options from right to left Flags Table View and copy flags table Swipe the Flags Table from right to left Registers Table View and copy registers table Swipe the Registers Table from right to left View HP 41 and CAS usage and examples Usage amp Examples and copy items for use as templates Swipe the Usage amp Examples from right to left View descriptions of built in functions and Quick Reference Guide Commands 10 Screen CAS Quick Reference Calculator Information Functions View descriptions of CAS functions and optional packages View information about calculator controls Send programs data printout etc How To Access Swipe the Quick Reference Guide from right to left Tap i button on bottom right of Calculator Back View i Tap the Mail button on the Save Data Picker or execute any of the MAIL commands 11 Application Pacs A vast number of application pacs or modules were developed for the HP 41 These were special purpose ROM chips that one could insert into the 4 ports at the top of the HP 41 and contained programs burned into the chip They were expensive back in their day With i41CX these can be
3. 141CX is highly customizable Like many applications the i41CX global settings are accessed by tapping the Settings application icon 45 scrolling down to the i41CX entry and tapping it to view and edit the options This is where the calculator skin the display typeface sounds etc are selected All the global settings are described in the table below Setting Description Default Calculator Settings Skin Select calculator skin Neo Classic LCD Display Select display character style Classic Normal Stack Display Show mini displays of Y Z T and L registers OFF Key Press Glow Show glow effect when pressing keys OFF Ignore Mute Switch Play sounds regardless of iPhone mute switch setting OFF ed Click Sound Select key click feedback sound New ype Synchronize Time time and date with the device s system ON Maintain time and date across application launches Keep Time Disabling Synchronize Time and enabling this option ON makes possible to maintain a different time zone independent from the device system time Function as HP 41CV rather than HP 41CX OFF Display selected overlay when USER mode is on hide overlay when USER mode 15 off a Suspend all i41CX activity while device is locked asleep to conserve power Activities e g program execution will resume when device is unlocked awakened Sleep Enable ON Mail Items To Disabling sleep allows programs to continue running while the device is locked asleep at
4. CATALOG ENTER Neo Classic Naked 33 Skins Collection Continued MiCX 422 1 414214T 2 718282 3 1592654 6 ON USER y 1 x Yo XZN R ASN NS CATALOG ENTER x y SF 7 lt 4 x2 vx SINJ SIN LBL STO ISG CHS PRGM ALPHA 105 LOG LN cos TAN BST SST CLX A Skinny Naked MICX 422 1 414214 T 27182821 3 592654 USER PRGM ALPHA y 9 xx R ASN CATALOG ENTER 4 Skinny Rectangular 34 Legal Notices 141CX is Copyright 2008 2010 AL Software All rights reserved Portions of 141CX are Copyright 1995 2010 Eric Smith All rights reserved Copyright 2009 Arthur Norman All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms with or without modification are permitted provided that the following conditions are met Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice this list of conditions and the following disclaimer Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and or other materials provided with the distribution THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS AS 15 AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PART
5. button which can then be toggled to select the keypad for ALPHA input 41 Text Editor 141 CXED e The keyboard can be hidden by tapping the filename being edited that is shown at the top center of the window This provides access to the font style font size color and mail buttons that are otherwise hidden when the keyboard is visible e Enabling the Access Saved Files global option allows I41CXED to edit view saved text files if the specified file name doesn t exist in extended memory but matches the name of a saved text file 24 Tips and Tricks Continued e Quickly Perform CAS operations A quick and efficient way to perform CAS operations is to use the new 141CXED to pop a text editor window use it to write edit the CAS input save the text file execute the CAS function and use 141CXED again to view the results The following is a short program that can be used for this purpose Note that this program uses separate CAS input and output files 01 LBL DOCAS 02 SF 25 Set flag 25 in case CASOUT does not exist 03 CASOUT CAS output file 04 PURFL Delete CAS output file if it exists 05 CF 25 Clear flag 25 06 CASIN CASOUT Specify CAS input and output files 07 I41CXED Open text editor 08 CAS Execute CAS 09 CASOUT CAS output file 10 I41CXED View CAS output results with text editor 11 END Change CAS output line width The default CAS output line width is set for optimal viewing with
6. copy it return to i41CX and save it to a file that you can then load to replace the previous content Expand the available memory and program in MCODE As mentioned earlier 141 is compatible with the HEPAX module HEPAX module provides an additional 1304 registers that can be used to store data text programs and even copies of main memory or other module contents This provides an easy and readily accessible alternative to store large numbers of files in addition to the i41CX Load Save facilities The HEPAX module also provides facilities for MCODE programming 23 Tips and Tricks Continued e Unit conversions The Petroleum Fluids and Machine Design Pacs support extremely flexible and powerful unit conversion systems In both cases the conversion is performed by entering a unit conversion equation into the Alpha register and then using forward and backward conversion functions Below are some examples using the Machine Design Pac that illustrate the simplicity and flexibility of these unit conversion systems e Convert 212 F to kelvins 1 Enter F K into the Alpha register This specifies the conversion units and the direction forward being F to K and backward being K to F 2 Enter 212 and execute the FCON Forward CONversion function 3 The result will be 373 15 K Convert 88 feet per second to kilometers per hour Convert 100 kilometers per hour back to feet per second 1 Enter FT S KM HR into the Alph
7. 141 based on the set font size The default output line width can be overridden using the linelength operator For example linelength 72 sets the output line width to 72 characters Minimize CAS output to the results of interest CAS output can be suppressed by using instead of to terminate each operation Thus we recommend using to terminate intermediate operations and only use to produce the results of interest Optimal way to view long CAS output Open the CAS notebook file with 141CXED or with MAILTXT and turn your device sideways to better view long CAS output in landscape mode Copy sample programs or CAS examples from the Usage amp Examples table The contents of the Usage amp Examples table can be copied by tapping the cell to select it and then tapping the Copy button that appears The contents can then be pasted into 141 or imported as a program or text file using the Load Data picker s Import from clipboard item Have Some Fun The printer ink color can be changed while printing is in progress Varying the printer ink color can make for some funky looking rainbow printouts If you were are a fan of text based adventure D amp D games try the DUNGEON 41CX game that can be downloaded from here 25 References and Resources The following are some links to HP 41CX information and resources Warren Furlow s comprehensive HP 41 site http www HP 41 org Online HP 41 Manual h
8. downloaded for free from HP41 org The library of HP 41 application pacs is huge and there are still new modules being developed to this day Just from HP alone there were approximately 70 application pacs available A list of these is included later in this manual courtesy of HP41 org These comprise applications a wide range of disciplines such as Mechanical Engineering Structural Engineering Electrical Engineering Business Finance Securities Real Estate Surveying Physics Mathematics Medicine Fluid Dynamics and the list goes on and on The HPPC or Hewlett Packard Personal Computer Club the first club associated with the 41 and sometimes also referred to as the programmable personal computer club PPC also produced a famous module with 122 useful and powerful functions for a wide range of applications In the case of the HP 41 some modules were also memory expansion modules i41CX includes the maximum possible memory configuration and thus memory expansion modules are not required and do not take up any ports Certain application pacs were for universal use such as the Math and Statistics Pac while some were of a very specialized nature such as the SGS Redwood Gas Calculator Pac The Financial Decisions Pac for example is a specialized module for financial and business users and effectively turns the HP 41CX into an HP 12C Downloading virtually all available HP 41 modules with 141 is as easy as follows 1 Acc
9. plan to save the printout as a JPEG photo we recommend that the number of lines be not much more than 200 lines Printer starts with a new paper roll each time app is launched Volume of printer sounds 15 controlled by the volume slider Default OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF Introduction and Historical Perspective This ingenious and fully developed application is functionally equivalent to the venerated paradigm shifting HP 41CX programmable calculator with extended memory It includes functionalities beyond the equivalent of a magnetic card read writer and tape printer and with numerous additional features like display control a rich variety of skins and application specific overlays i41CX specific functions and the ability to share data and programs with other users and devices it is a sheer delight to use The 41 s initial arrival in 1979 on the scientific and engineering financial and computational scenes was awe inspiring and was the first HP calculator to offer alohanumeric capabilities which revolutionized the way a calculator could be used It was a masterpiece of compact powerful design and it represents an astounding upgrade in the new venue of the iPhone and iPod Touch These are now serious computational machines with powerful capabilities This is one of the most sophisticated and highly developed applications for Apple s iPhone iPod touch platform It is an implementation of the universal Scientific Calculat
10. the expense of battery power Default email address to use when emailing data and programs Reduce launch time When this option is enabled Ignore Mute Switch Key Click Sound Type and Enter address here Quick Start printer Volume Control are forced to OFF System and OFF OFF respectively Text Editor and CAS Settings Line Length Specify whether to set the text to a warning color when OFF Warning any line exceeds the maximum line character limit Setting lt gt Conversion Access Saved Files Printer Settings Power At Launch Printout Size Warning Start With New Roll Volume Control Description Specify whether to convert curly braces to square brackets when importing exporting and editing viewing text files with I41CXED Enabling this option provides seamless compatibility between the i41CX CAS and REDUCE If enabled 141 and CAS will look for the specified file in the saved text files directory of your device i e the items that show up in the Load Data picker if the specified file is not found in extended memory This is useful if you wish to create a CAS input file that won t fit in extended memory and to view CAS output in a saved text file Specify power state when app is launched Display warning when recommended printout size is exceeded While there is no explicit limit for the number of printed lines each printed line consumes memory and you
11. 141CX Mini Manual The Finest Calculator for the iPhone and iPod touch i41CX is an advanced programmable and expandable RPN scientific calculator with a virtual thermal printer plotter that goes far beyond a mere replica of the original In addition to being functionally equivalent to the world renowned HP 41CX and providing access to its entire library of modules and programs 141 is enhanced with iPhone OS and hardware features keyboard overlays complete color control rich set of import and export capabilities traditional and upbeat modern skins and much more This 1 the finest and most powerful scientific engineering financial business calculator for the iPhone and iPod touch bar none Calculator Features RPN logic with a 4 element deep memory stack 319 main and 600 extended memory registers Over 400 built in functions including nearly 100 functions created specifically for i41CX Time calendar alarm and stopwatch functions Four module ports provide access to HP 41 expansion pacs Rich set of functions and algorithms numerical mathematical statistical complex matrix numerical integration curve fitting solutions to equations and much more Powerful flexible and programmable Computer Algebra System CAS supporting symbolic arbitrary precision scalar vector and matrix algebra calculations and much more Access to the entire HP 41 library of solutions for science mathematics statistics engineering business fi
12. Hewlett Packard Stat Pac Manual Spanish un un m co Q lt E lt un May 1982 Hewlett Packard Sep 1983 Aug 1980 Apr 2008 Warren Furlow Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard Aug 1980 Hewlett Packard Jul 1979 Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard John L Gilby Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Stat Pac Quick Ref Jun 1979 Stat Pac Quick Ref Spanish Apr 1980 Stress Analysis Pac Stress Analysis Pac Manual Stress Analysis Pac Overlays Structural Analysis Pac Structural Analysis Pac Manual Structural Analysis Pac Overlays Surveying Pac Surveying Pac Manual surveying Pac Overlays surveying Pac Quick Ref Thermal amp Transport Science Pac Thermal amp Transport Science Pac Manual Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard May 1979 Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard Hewlett Packard 14 Financial Decisions Pac Turn i41CX into an HP 12C Need to solve for any of the five standard compound interest variables 1 PV PMT and FV Calculate the internal
13. ICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNERS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT INCIDENTAL SPECIAL EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES LOSS OF USE DATA OR PROFITS OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY WHETHER IN CONTRACT STRICT LIABILITY OR TORT INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE The 35
14. RPN can save a considerable number of keystrokes In fact RPN is never less efficient than infix notation so in general it can be said that RPN is more efficient Once you fully understand the logic of the Stack you are ready to calculate more efficiently than with algebraic or infix notation Operators such as the operator used in the above example operate on the values in the X and Y registers Unary or single argument operators such as SIN operate on the value in the X register There are many commands in i41CX that provide powerful and flexible ways to manipulate the stack registers such as rolling the stack up or down swapping registers etc In addition to the stack registers there is a special register the A register which can hold up to 24 alphanumeric characters for use in prompting displaying messages results etc Functions and Commands There is a rich and comprehensive set of functions included 141 The HP 41CX came with 244 functions accessible by the user i41CX contains all the functions and operations that were supported by the HP 41CX and the HP82143A printer and almost 100 new functions specific to i41CX These include functions that integrate iPhone and iPod touch hardware and OS features such as access to accelerometer GPS and digital compass data copy and paste support import export via the web and email loading and saving data programs text files etc from to the iPhone memory a
15. a register 2 Enter 88 and execute the FCON function 3 The result will be 96 5606 KM HR 4 Enter 100 and execute the BCON Backward CONversion function 5 The result will be 91 1344 FT S Convert 20 btu in F s to W in 1 Enter BTU IN F FT3 S W IN2 C into the Alpha register 2 Enter 20 and execute the FCON function 3 The result will be 21 9803 W in The Petroleum Fluids Pac unit conversion system functions similarly but supports a slightly different set of units and the forward and backward functions are named CON forward CONversion and INCON INverse CONversion respectively Take advantage of i41CX s non modal design i41CX is designed to be non modal That is there is no need to dismiss picker views etc to perform other operations For example it is possible to switch between the printer front and back views even if the iPhone keyboard is displayed in the front view The keyboard will automatically hide itself when switching to the printer or back views and will reappear when returning to the front view The same applies to picker views They don t prevent transitions between the front back and printer views As another example it is possible to switch between keypad and iPhone keyboard ALPHA entry modes without having to first dismiss the iPhone keyboard e g by tapping the ALPHA key With the iPhone keyboard displayed tapping the overlay clip button will reveal the ALPHA entry
16. c and other common math functions and 9 keys for program execution register storage entering values etc Furthermore with the exception of the shift key all keys have secondary functions labelled in orange that are accessed by pressing the shift key This effectively doubles the total key count The alphanumeric labels in blue denote the letters that are entered by pressing the keys in ALPHA mode Taking the shifted alohanumeric characters into account brings the total number of items that can be entered directly from the keyboard to 142 Functions or commands that cannot be directly input by pressing a single key can be invoked either by pressing the execute XEQ key and then entering the name of the function or command or by using key assignments One of the special capabilities of the HP 41 was that the user could customize the keyboard using the assign ASN function This feature essentially allows the user to completely redefine the operations of all keys with the exception of the top row of keys the shift key and the number keys the shifted number key operations can be re assigned however Moreover the top row of keys can be used to invoke labels 01 through 05 in program mode for quick program execution In addition to the HP 41CX keyboard i41CX has special areas that when tapped perform operations such as switching between the various screens accessing overlays modules copy and paste scrolling displaying the iPhone OS status ba
17. duit for cheating but that s true of any modern device with communication capabilities For example let s suppose that you have a program entered into the calculator and wish to send it to another i41CX user This is very simple with i41CX Just go to the back of the calculator and tap the Save Data button Scroll down to the label of the program that you wish to share and tap the Mail button A mail window with the program will pop up Enter the destination email address and send Receiving data and programs from other users is even simpler Suppose that you received an email with i41CX data or program Open the email that you received with the iPhone Mail application and scroll down to the bottom and tap the send to i41CX icon the image with an arrow pointing down to the i41CX icon This will launch i41CX and you ll be asked to confirm saving the program If confirmed it will show up in the Load Data picker from where it can be loaded into the calculator s memory An alternative way to accomplish this is to email the program or data in an email copy the program or data in the email on your device and use the Import from clipboard item in the Load Data picker to save the clipboard contents as a program or data file that you can then load into the calculator s memory This is useful to exchange data or programs with non i41CX users or desktop programs Overlays can be imported in a similar fashion using the overlay pick
18. e 1 BEG C ITA 1 E Es 9 E IBN a F Iz on sey 15 Advantage Pac Turn 141 into HP 15C and HP 16C Need to perform real or complex matrix operations and functions Need to find the roots of an equation Need to solve or evaluate polynomials Need to perform numerical integration Need to solve first or second order differential equations Need to perform complex number operations and functions Need to perform vector operations Coordinate transformations Number conversions and Boolean logic Curve fitting Solve time value of money problems These are essentially the problems for which the HP 15C and HP 16C were developed The Advantage Pac provides these capabilities to the HP 41CX Thus by loading the Advantage Pac and creating the appropriate key assignments you can turn the i41CX into a virtual HP 15C or HP 16C 141CX MATH Module Fast and Full Precision Math Functions and CAS You can go far beyond the capabilities of these other fine HP calculators however i41CX contains a custom developed 41 module that contains the following advanced mathematic functions that execute much faster than traditional HP 41 modules and with full 10 digit precision they are internally computed with 15 digits of precision Base 2 powers 2 logsz e Hyperbolic functions cosh sinh tanh cosh sinh tanh e Bessel functions Jo Jn Yo Yn e Comb
19. er Of course i41CX also supports copy and paste of stack registers Alpha register printer output flags table and registers table contents Double tapping the main display provides access to copy paste operations from to the X and Alpha registers depending on the status of Alpha mode Double tapping the printer paper roll flags table or registers table provides the option to copy their contents Double tapping the mini stack area provides access to copypaste operations from to the stack registers Copy and paste operations are also programmatically supported via the COPYA COPYFLG COPYPRT COPYSTK COPYX PASTEA PASTER and PASTEX functions All in all the i41CX elevates the iPhone iPod Touch into being a serious calculating machine capable of performing a virtually unlimited number of calculation tasks Imagine going through school and generating programs of each and every formula that is of importance as you travel though your courses They will always be available to you in the future with a simple download 19 Sounds i41CX includes a rich set of interface sounds to provide auditory feedback and provide an immersive experience as close as possible to that of the real HP 41CX and printer It also supports the HP 41CX sounds BEEP and TONE that can be used in programs and for audible alarms Some HP 41CX users have gone as far as creating programs that play famous musical scores using the available tones 10 normal and a large numb
20. er of synthetic ones The standard sounds supported by i41CX are listed below e 11 calculator sounds TONE 0 9 BEEP 3 types of key click sounds New Old System scroll click sound printer paper advance sound printer paper roll tear sound printer image save sound camera capture shutter sound wll Carrier gt 12 20 AM 31 5 ci lh 5 ADVANTAGE PPC J Port 3 Port 4 FINANCE SURVEY Em See WE REVIEW 17 LN 3 141592654 Cb L3 0 1 3 141CX 2 5 42 1 414213562 LASTX 2 718281828 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWX R000 R001 R002 R003 Delete Item Delete All Circuit Analysis GNAP Circuit Analysis LNAP daut speca tO 5 91 1 19 Clinical Lab Nuc Med Calcula Al T Ld 2812 121277 lt gt a Cen Cm Portions Enc Smith Copyright 2008 2009 Clear Memory All Rights Reserved Keyboard Overlay Picker Calculator Back Screen 20 Graphics Mode i41CX supports a special graphics mode that provides full control over the display main and stack display if stack display is visible when running programs This enables the display of custom characters and shapes that are otherwise not possible with traditional means In graphics mode all individual segments of the main display become independently controllable as are the contents of the stack displays As shown in the diagram below the i41CX main display consists of 12 c
21. ess the calculator s back view 2 Tap one of the module ports 3 Select the Download from URL picker item 4 Tap the Download button to accept the pre entered hp41 org mod URL which points to the i41CX module repository kindly hosted by hp41 org All modules available at hp41 org are now available for use in i41CX Of course if you have your own modules it s a simple matter of placing the modules on a directory accessible via the web and entering the URL into the Download from URL dialog Hierarchy of Storage i41CX provides access to three layers of storage via its Load Data and Save Data features as illustrated below Load Data web external clipboard gt iPhone iPod memory gt HP 41CX memory save Data HP 41CX memory gt iPhone iPod memory gt web external Mail This hierarchy provides for virtually unlimited storage of data and programs 12 HP 41 Library of Standard Application Pacs Manuals and Overlays Courtesy of HP41 org Tide Date Author Advantage Pac Hewlett Packard Advantage Pac Manual Jul 1985 Hewlett Packard Aviation Pac Hewlett Packard Aviation Pac Manual Hewlett Packard Circuit Analysis Pac i Hewlett Packard Circuit Analysis Pac Manual ga Ne IL Circuit Analysis Pac Overlay Hewlett Packard Clinical Lab and Nuclear Medicine Pac Financial Decisions Pac Hewlett Packard Financial Decisions Pac Manua
22. haracters each containing 17 segments including the segments used to display the period comma and colon Incidentally it was not normally possible to display a semicolon on an HP 41 but this is just one of the new possibilities with graphics mode 17117 WA 17 WA 1 217 1 217 WA 0 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Each segment of a character corresponds to a power of 2 with the powers shown in the EN For example a capital letter O is displayed by turning on segments 0 1 2 3 4 and 5 and turning off all other segments Thus setting the segments value for a character on the display to 240 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 Ox3F 63 would display the capital letter As another example a semicolon could be displayed by setting the segments value of a character to 2414 2415 2416 0 1 000 114688 GSCRON enables graphics mode and GSCROFF disables graphics mode The graphics display buffer can be cleared using the GSCRCLR function Graphics mode uses a dedicated main display buffer that is independent from the normal display and its contents are retained until the application is quit Therefore clearing the graphics screen has no effect on the contents of the normal mode display Each character s segments can be set to the desired value using the GSETSEG function which takes two arguments The value in the X register specifies the character location 0 11 and the value in the Y register specifies the segments val
23. inatorics nPr x e Error functions erf erfc e Gamma functions T x y s z 8 2 Q s x e Greatest common divisor GCD and least common multiple LCM e Lambert W function Wo x 1 2 e Prime number functions primality test next prime Euler s totient function y n e Two argument arctan function atan z Beta functions B z y 2 I a e Digamma function y x Exponential integral functions E x E x Logarithmic integration function li z In addition to these advanced numerical functions i41CX contains a very powerful and flexible computer algebra system CAS The i41CX CAS function is based on version 3 8 of HEDUCE a system for doing scalar vector and matrix algebra and arbitrary precision numerical calculations The capabilities of the system include but are not limited to the following e Expansion and ordering of polynomials and rational functions e Substitutions and pattern matching in a wide variety of forms e Automatic and user controlled simplification of expressions e Calculations with symbolic matrices e Arbitrary precision integer and real arithmetic e Facilities for defining new functions e Analytic differentiation and integration e Factorization of polynomials e Solving a variety of algebraic equations e Facilities for the output of expressions in a variety of formats 16 Ironically the embedded CAS is actually
24. k to default settings as well as to select the No Overlay and No Module items in the overlay and module pickers The shake gesture is not only useful for recovering from inadvertently setting psychedelic display colors but can also be used to quickly switch back and forth between different skin display color schemes because the color restore is skin context sensitive If a traditional skin is active the display colors will reset to black characters and light green background whereas if a non traditional skin e g Bauhaus is active the display colors will reset to the recommended display settings for that skin In the case of the overlay and module pickers the shake gesture saves the need to scroll the picker wheel back to the No Overlay and No Module items To prevent distracting the user with unnecessary confirmation dialogs due to inadvertent shaking motion shake gestures are only detected if the display color settings picker printer color picker calculator speed slider overlay picker or module picker is visible Automatically Display Keyboard Overlay The Dynamic Overlay option available in the global Settings application or in the calculator back screen can be used to automatically display the selected keyboard overlay only when USER mode is active This allows for quick and easy switching between the standard keyboard and the selected keyboard overlay without having to manually select and deselect the keyboard
25. l Financial Decisions Pac Overlays Hewlett Packard Financial Decisions Pac Quick Ref Jul 1979 Hewlett Packard Games Pac Hewlett Packard Games Pac Manual July 1980 Hewlett Packard Games Pac Overlays Hewlett Packard Home Management Pac Hewlett Packard Home Management Pac Manual Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard Home Management Pac Overlays Hewlett Packard HYDRACOMP Module 1982 Paul Munroe Hydraulics Inc LINK PLUS for HP IL 2 06 Southern Software Machine Design Pac Hewlett Packard Machine Design Pac Manual Hewlett Packard Math Pac Hewlett Packard Math Pac Manual Spanish Hewlett Packard Math Pac Manual Hewlett Packard Math Pac Overlays Hewlett Packard Math Pac Quick Ref Spanish Hewlett Packard Math Pac Quick Ref Hewlett Packard Math Stat Pac Hewlett Packard Navigation Pac Hewlett Packard 13 Navigation Pac Manual Aug 1984 Hewlett Packard Petroleum Fluids Pac Petroleum Fluids Pac Manual Petroleum Fluids Pac Quick Ref Plot of 2 3 Functions on One Graph Real Estate Pac 3j e e c Real Estate Pac Overlay Real Estate Pac Quick Reference Un z e E 25 ON Securities Pac Securities Pac Manual Securities Pac Quick Ref Standard Applications Pac Standard Applications Pac Manual Standard Applications Pac Manual Spanish Stat Pac Stat Pac Manual Aug 1984
26. more powerful than the HP 41CX and is even programmable The i41CX CAS uses text files as mini notebooks similar to Mathematica CAS performs the operations in the input text file whose file name is specified in the Alpha register Upon completion the results are appended to the text file It is also possible to specify separate input and output files by entering the input and output file names separated a comma into the Alpha register e g CASIN CASOUT without the quotes To ignore the CAS output an empty output file name can be specified e g CASIN without the quotes This is useful for cases where the CAS operations manipulate and place the result s in calculator registers By default the CAS output is converted into uppercase letters to allow it to be viewed in the i41CX calculator display using ED for example The conversion to uppercase can be disabled by setting flag 13 In either case the CAS output is best viewed using the I41CXED text editor function or emailed using the MAILTXT function since the vast majority of cases Will involve long output strings and in many cases spanning multiple lines that are difficult to view using the 12 character calculator display Note that both I41CXED and the MAIL composition windows support device rotation so the contents can be viewed in landscape The 141CX CAS environment provides complete access to the calculator registers They can be accessed within the CAS environment usi
27. n the back view of the calculator or programmatically via the SETCSPD function and that allows for a maximum speed of 4x the normal HP 41CX operating speed When running a program however the SETCSPD function s 4x limit is raised to 40x The calculator speed will revert back to the normal valid maximum limit when the program stops running This allows for faster program execution Navigate the Flags Registers Usage amp Examples and Quick Reference Tables Tapping the right edge of these tables will jump to the proportionate location in the table e g tapping the middle of the right edge will jump to the middle tapping the bottom of the right edge will jump to the bottom etc similar to the way that tapping a letter in the built in address book works Furthermore tapping the title area of these tables will jump back to the top of the table similar to the way that tapping the status bar in Safari jumps back to the top of the web page Quickly Switch Module Port Pickers It is not necessary to close a module port picker to access a different one It is possible to switch between different module port pickers by simply tapping a different port even while the module port picker is visible 22 Tips and Tricks Continued Revert Display Colors Printer Ink Color and Calculator Speed and Quickly Remove Active Overlay or Module i41CX supports the shake gesture to revert display color settings printer colors and calculator speed bac
28. nancial surveying medicine real estate and many other domains Programmable virtually unlimited number of lines User definable keyboard Device integration copy and paste in app mail iPhone keyboard GPS accelerometer digital compass time and date synchronization and much more Virtually unlimited data and program storage capacity using the iPhone s flash memory for local storage Import export data programs overlays modules etc via the web and email 40 bundled keyboard overlays and support for user created overlays Dynamic keyboard overlay switching oound support including synthetic tones and interface sounds Support for calculator skins and optional mini stack display Adjustable calculator speed sound volume and display colors Quick reference guide of all built in functions Beautiful and clean user interface optimized for the iPhone and iPod touch portrait mode screen aspect ratio and to maximize the keypad area while still providing for a full featured scientific keypad Printer Features e Support for printing plotting graphics and special characters e User configurable and programmable print color e Support for emailing printer output in text format e Ability to save a JPEG snapshot of the virtual paper roll to the iPhone s photo album where they can then be emailed or transferred to the computer and printed out on a real printer ABN 93 701 239 587 Copyright 2008 2010 AL Software 141CX Global Settings
29. ng the following variables e Stack Registers x reg y reg 2 reg t 1 reg Alpha register reg e Data Register nnn data reg nnn e Flag n lags reg n Any changes made to these variables in the CAS environment are reflected in the calculator registers upon completion of the CAS operations To maintain data typing intact between the calculator internal registers and the CAS environment strings in the calculator register variables in the CAS environment need to be surrounded with double quotes e g if a register contains the string ABC the corresponding variable will contain ABC instead of just ABC and non normalized numbers NNN are treated as strings e g if a register contains Oxaabbccddeef the corresponding variable will contain Oxaabbcceddeeff Upon completion the values of the calculator registers are updated based on the values of the variables in the CAS environment Therefore to write a string to a calculator register in the CAS environment include the surrounding double quotes as part of the string e g to write the string FOO assign the corresponding variable in the CAS environment with FOO so that the CAS variable contains the string FOO and if you wish to assign NNN to a calculator register in the CAS environment assign it as a string e g to write 0x77665544332211 into a register assign the corresponding variable in the CAS environment with 0x77665544332211 The following are j
30. nts alphanumeric data 6 characters per register or program steps Programs are lists of steps of data and functions with defined names or labels and end points and may include branching commands based upon Boolean conditions Developing a program on the HP 41CX is actually a simple process and with 141 CX the program can be printed out on the built in printer This saves having to write them down i41CX contains a total of 925 RAM registers 319 main memory 600 extended memory 5 stack and the Alpha register The Alpha register actually consists of 4 registers one register can only hold 6 characters whereas the Alpha register can hold 24 characters so the true number is actually 928 This can be further extended with the HEPAX module which provides an additional 1304 registers bringing the total to 2 232 registers And then there is the additional storage by being able to load save data and programs from to the iPhone memory The two layers of memory provide for virtually unlimited storage Modules or Application Pacs contain register elements that are burned or locked in so that they cannot be modified Just like the HP 41CX i41CX contains 4 ports in which one can insert modules that contain programs and functions developed by experts in their various fields They expand the capabilities of the calculator and are hence also called expansion pacs There a number of modules for a wide variety of applications and fields Mod
31. of calculations This makes it quick and easy to make a simple counter or to repeatedly perform calculations such as calculating change for a number of iterations The T register value sticks or remains until a new 7 value is pushed into it Arithmetic operations use the data in the X and Y registers The stack makes if possible to quickly perform many operations using what is called RPN or Heverse Polish Notation Mathematical operations are generally taught in infix notation with the mathematical operators placed between the data that they operate on For example in the expression 2 5 the operator is placed between the 2 and the 3 RPN invented by the Polish Mathematician Jan Lukasiewicz in 1920 is a way of expressing mathematical operations in postfix notation Using the previous example 2 3 5 would be expressed as 2E 34 5 where E denotes the Enter operator Thus in RPN all operators follow each data item and hence the term postfix In the above example the number of keystrokes is the same in both cases four to obtain the answer 5 However this is not always true RPN makes it possible to enter data and operations without having to write down the intermediate answers or use parentheses For example the infix notation expression 3 4 6 42 requires 8 keystrokes to obtain the answer In RPN this would be 3E 4 6 42 That is a saving of 2 keystrokes for this very simple calculation For more complex calculations
32. or with a programmable capability that made the 41 in reality a powerful handheld programmable computer It was astounding for what could be computed and a large body of work was assembled by the HPPC personal portable computer club under the encouragement and nurturing of Richard Nelson of the Educalc Computer store in California This work has continued and been assembled by Warren Furlow who also created the V41 emulator for the Windows environment and is available at HP41 org Because 141 is an elaborate extension of the extremely powerful and versatile HP 41CX we created this mini manual to assist new users learn the enormous scope of the work and quickly understand the essence of each aspect that is special to 141 so that they can quickly delve more deeply into the workings of these very special computational devices A rich and delightful world of computation awaits anyone interested in such necessities Memory Computers depend upon memory to operate and provide answers The basic element of memory in the 41 is the register Registers are like pigeon holes or mail slots behind the front desk of a hotel or like cells in a spreadsheet They can hold several types of elements such as numbers alphanumeric text key assignments program steps etc They can even hold addresses of other registers Registers can be stored or recalled upon the user s command RAM registers can hold numbers key assignme
33. our and 24 hour formats use the CLK12 and CLK24 functions To return to the calculator press any key For more details on the Timer module please see the HP 41CX manual e Use the Stopwatch Executing the SW function places the calculator in stopwatch mode The stopwatch can be started and stopped using the R S Run Stop key and cleared using the delete backspace key The stopwatch supports splits storing and recalling times etc The included Stop Watch keyboard overlay comes in handy when using the stopwatch To return to the calculator press SHIFT delete backspace e Copy and Paste Data 41 has comprehensive and flexible support for copy and paste operations Double tapping the main display allows copy and paste operations from to the X register or A register depending on the state of ALPHA mode If the mini stack display is enabled double tapping the mini stack area the area that the iPhone status bar normally occupies allows copy and paste operations from to the stack registers X Y Z T and LastX Double tapping the paper roll allows copying the printout in text format Double tapping the Flags or Registers table allows copying the table contents in space delimited format These operations can also be performed using the COPYA COPYFLG COPYPRT COPYR COPYSTK and COPYX functions Turbo Program Execution Mode i41CX supports a configurable speed that is normally controlled via the Calculator opeed slider o
34. overlay using the overlay picker Use the HP 41CX Text Editor The HP 41CX came with a built in text editor for use with extended memory text files To invoke the text editor place the name of the extended memory text file in the Alpha register and then execute the ED function Use the Mail Composition Window as a General Purpose Editor While ED is neat and was useful the 410 141 users have a superior alternative to create and edit not just text files but also data and programs Because i41CX supports importing registers flags program and text file data from the clipboard this can be used in conjunction with the in app mail composition window as a general purpose editor environment For example to create a program execute any of the mail functions MAILA will do or use any of the GUI based mail features button on the printer mail icons in the flags and registers tables or the Mail button in the Save Data picker to open a mail composition window Select all of the text and delete it Now enter the program When done entering the program select all of the text and copy it Tap the Cancel button to return to i41CX and select the Load Data picker s Import from clipboard item to save your program to a file in i41CX that you can then load into memory The same process can be used to edit content in 141 by first generating a mail containing the content you wish to edit After editing it
35. r when the mini stack display is enabled etc There are 3 primary screens the Calculator Front the Calculator Back the Printer that further contain numerous secondary views to access and configure features and settings These are initially access through the front calculator and printer screens shown below The i41CX Screens table lists the screens that are used to access various features and to perform adjustments to settings in addition to the aforementioned Global settings 4 Y 427 1 4142147 2 718282 L wl Carrier 3 13 PM Jj IH ISHe SH USER p rea d z cos TAN SIN cos TAN 27 27 27 md 153 52 15 5 15 1 2 3 Hi I CATALOG ENTER 4 re 3 3 151 1 bh 1110 e C 093 7 oO Am 221 i e 5 1 ht bh ph de e d T 1 o0 MAN TRACE NORM Print Mode Print Advance Mail Save Calculator Front Screen Printer Screen La Pomme Mies Skin Shown 141CX Screens Perform calculations application icon CALCULATOR FRONT Access other screens Copy Paste Select keyboard overlay Tap overlay clip button Change display colors Overlay Picker Set sounds volume Select alphanumeric keyboard keypad or iPhone keyboard Tap Overlays Colors switch Set display foreground and background Display Color Controls Colore Overtays Colors Vie
36. rate of return of a series of unequal or equal cash flows Need to solve the internal rate of return using a modified IRR technique Calculate the net present value Calculate amortization schedules Calculate sum of the years digits depreciation schedule Calculate before and after tax price or yield for semi annual or annual coupon securities All of these and more are possible with the Financial Decisions Pac The HP 12C is essentially dedicated to perform these types of calculations but in two easy steps i41CX can perform all of these tasks and more 1 Download the Financial Decisions Pac if you haven t already done so 2 Tap one of the module ports and select the FINANCE module Furthermore using the configurable USER mode keyboard and keyboard overlays such as the Financial MONEY overlay shown below the user can quite literally convert the i41CX keyboard into a keyboard with similar functions as the HP 12C Best of all all built in functions are unaffected by the inserted module and going back to the standard keyboard is a simple matter of either selecting No Overlay in the overlay picker or better yet use the Dynamic Overlay option When the Dynamic Overlay option is enabled the selected overlay is automatically displayed when in USER mode and hidden when in normal mode Thus hiding and showing the overlay is a simple matter of pressing the USER button In this example it s almost like having a virtual HP 12C in USER mod
37. rtain key sequence he could access the internal instructions of the machine that are normally not available to the user The use of such instructions was called Synthetic Programming i41CX provides access to these as well These can be convenient to save program steps thereby saving execution time and program storage space as well as doing operations that are normally not possible through normal programming means Programs can be thought of as consisting of a sequence of key strokes Thus the simplest program consists of simply entering the normal calculation sequence in program mode and being able to execute it repeatedly thereafter More complex programs can use looping branching subroutines conditional execution indirection etc The Stack and RPN The stack memory registers are labeled X Y Z and are unique to the HP calculators The LastX register always contains the last value of the X register This can be helpful in spotting entry errors and for making corrections The X register is displayed in the main display and is the currently focused data The Y register contains the previously entered X value The Z register contains the previous Y value The T register contains the last Z value This is the last register that data can be pushed into before running a repetitive calculation and because it is a sticky register it has the handy property of down feeding the other registers as one progresses through a series
38. s well as very fast and full 10 digit precision implementations of advanced mathematical functions such as the Gamma function Lambert W function prime number functions Bessel functions etc In total i41CX has over 400 functions built in All of the functions and commands can be listed using the Catalog CAT function that is executed by pressing SHIFT ENTER Using the printer in TRACE mode it is possible to get a paper print out of the catalog lists Moreover i41CX contains a Usage amp Examples table with many usage tips and examples ranging from basic to advanced a Quick Reference Guide with brief descriptions for all built in functions and commands as well as a CAS Quick Reference Like the HP 41CX 141 also includes the Timer module which provides a comprehensive set of functions for performing time and date calculations It also includes a clock stopwatch and alarms These can be used to set alerts and even control programs It is possible for example to run a specified program at preset times using alarms Keyboard or Front View The primary means of interacting with the calculator is via the keyboard The top 4 buttons are used to switch the calculator on off to enter and exit the USER defined keyboard mode enter and exit program PRGM mode and enter and exit Alpghanumeric ALPHA entry mode There are a total of 35 keys including 12 numeric and decimal point keys 4 arithmetic operator keys 10 keys for trigonometri
39. sion pacs And there are over 100 such expansion pacs available The combination of i41CX and expansion modules comprise a very powerful small package Combined with programmability there is virtually no calculation application beyond the reach of i41CX 18 Exchanging data and programs The 41 was so loved by the user community that people were doubling the clock speed and adding all kinds of peripherals and memory Using the HP IL interface the HP 41 could drive any number of peripherals from line printers to monitors to tape printers card readers barcode wands tape memory cartridges and other custom devices There seemed to be no end to the number of riggings and devices associated with the little hand held computer Today with the iPhone iPod in an even smaller format much of that capability can still be realized i41CX supports an adjustable calculator speed and has flexible support for exchanging information with other users and devices It is possible to send and receive emails with data or programs transfer the printouts to a computer to create actual paper printouts download data programs overlays modules etc from the web and even import data and programs from the iPhone clipboard The ability to share data and programs via email would be extremely useful in a classroom setting whereby the teacher could email the students some data and or programs or vice versa for handing in work Of course this could also become a con
40. ttp www greendyk nl HP 41c manual index html PDF Versions of the HP 41CX Manuals i41CX FAQ And of course a Google search for HP 41 will reveal many more 26 Skins Collection as of version 4 0 E ie E ASN GTO sre ee CATALOG is CLX A G RTIN eter ens e Aluminum XEQ CATALOG ENTER N Vintage 27 Skins Collection Continued 41 Y 42 2 1 414214 T 2 1 B2B2 Y 1 1536625 71 10 d 5 88 En SIN cos 21 SIN 3 a ASN LBL GTO mE CATALOG Bauhaus ALPHA 4 t 422 1 414214T Bauhaus Mies 15927654 28 Skins Collection Continued 41 422 1 414214 T 27182821 3 592654 PRGM ALPHA ASN XEQ K CATALOG ENTER N 7 Classic 41 422 1 414214 27182821 3 1592554 PRGM ALPHA Pie K CATALOG ENTER SF 7 4 Classic Rectangular 29 Skins Collection Continued CLE Xy ASIN CATALOG ENTER PRGM LBL STO ISG CHS 41 427 1 414214T 2 718282 L Jj IH ISHe Bb SH ALPHA USER CATALOG ENTER 4 SF R aru FIX LZ La Pomme Mies 30 Skins Collection Continued Y 1 414214 T 2 7182821 1 Y 1 414214 T 2 7182821 2 E S
41. ue for the character The current value of the segments for a given character can be obtained using the GGETSEG function which takes the character position 0 11 argument from the X register The stack displays Y 2 and L can be controlled in a similar fashion The GSETST Y 7 T L functions set the contents of the corresponding display to the contents of the Alpha register up to a maximum of 6 characters and GGETST Y Z 1 copies the contents of the corresponding display into the Alpha register 21 Tips and Tricks As must be obvious from this mini manual which provides only a cursory overview i41CX is a very sophisticated application There are many features and capabilities that many users may not be aware of We will briefly mention some of them below e Display Status Bar To display the iPhone status bar when the mini stack display is enabled simply tap the mini stack display area the area that the status bar normally occupies The status bar will be shown for a few seconds and then it will automatically disappear e Display Clock Pressing SHIFT ON places the calculator in clock display mode By default the displayed clock is a 12 hour h mm ss format This can be changed to display the time and date using the CLKTD function which will configure the clock display mode to show the time and date in 12 hour h mm MM DD format To configure the clock to display only the time use the CLKT function To switch between 12 h
42. ules can be sizable and contain some fairly complex and sophisticated functions and programs Programming Programming allows the creation of new functions and operations These can be assigned to keys such that they can be executed at the press of a single key Programs initiate the sequencing from the starting label through the list of data and functions placed in registers to various stop or end points ultimately giving the desired answer The Chinese word for a computer derives from the word thread Metaphorically one starts from one end and work on down the thread until we reach the end All of the formulas that we learned in school or college can be placed into such programs and run on i41CX Quick answers no point in being caught in the calculations It actually is easy to operate them However we do have to know how they are set up so that we can run them It is even possible to create interactive programs that request user input whose execution continue by pressing the run stop R S key so that interactive operations are simple and clear The memory in i41CX is more than adequate for most computations In fact in the early days of space exploration the HP 41 was used to offload some of the computing load from the main Space Shuttle computer and served as an emergency backup for the highly accurate re entry calculations in the event of a main computer failure The HPPC club had a member who discovered by accident that with a ce
43. ust a few simple examples to illustrate the capabilities of the i41CX CAS e Arbitrary precision including complex numbers Input precision 20 2 37 5 61 Output 0 048079349091427726016 0 99884351937175055583 I 17 e Solve algebraic equation Input solve x 2 8x 15 0 x Output X 3 X 5 e Solve simultaneous equations Input solve x 3y 7 y x 1 x Y Output X 1 Y 2 Differentiate a function Input i sqrt 1 u x exp i y log z df u x 1 y 2 2 1 Output i y Integrate a function Input 2x exp x int f x Output e x 1 Matrix operations Input m 2mat a b c d det m Output a d b c e Special functions Input load specfn on rounded zeta 4 Output 1 08232323371 For details on the syntax supported operations functions packages etc of the i41CX CAS please see the online REDUCE User s Manual Because the HP 41CX character set does not include curly braces and these are substituted by square brackets and in the 41 CAS for both input and output However the lt gt Conversion global option can be used to automatically make this conversion when importing exporting and when using the I41CXED text editor Enabling this option allows seamless compatibility between REDUCE and the 141 CAS The Financial Decisions Pac Advantage Pac and 141 module are just three examples of the powerful capabilities enabled by the use of expan
44. w printer output Tap left or right edge of X Print current display contents register display PRINTER roll Select printer mode Turn printer sounds on off Mail printout in text format Save printout to Photos Album as JPG image Set print color Tap color sliders button Printer Color Controls Enable disable program control of print color 5 Tap i button on bottom right Printer Information View information about printer controls of Printer screen Load unload modules Tap center of X register Load Save data display View application information Clear calculator memory Set calculator speed CALCULATOR BACK Rover calculator speed to speed Configure frequently used options View and copy flags table View and copy registers table View Usage amp Examples View Quick Reference Guide View CAS Quick Reference Tap port in Back View Module Picker Load unload modules Load Data Picker Download programs or data from the web Tap Load Data button in Calculator Back View screen Load program file a Load register data file Load HEPAX RAM file Import program or data from the clipboard Load flag data file Load calculator state file Load configuration file Load text file Load data file Save registers Tap Save Data button Save flags inCalculator Back View Save calculator state 580 Save Data Picker Save RAM
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