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1. 15 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION M EASUREMENT OPERATION A DC AC Voltage Measurement see figure 2 Jd GDM 360 397 398 GDM 461 figure 2 A N ote The GDM 360 doesn t have an AC DC voltage range V It does however have an AC DC mV range mV and separate AC and DC voltage ranges V V 16 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual Warning To avoid injury to your person or damage to the Meter from electric shock please do not attempt to measure voltages higher than 1000V although readings may be obtained When measuring high voltage take extra care to avoid electric shock 1 Insert the red test lead into the V terminal and the black test lead into the COM terminal 2 Setthe rotary switch to V DC measurement is the default or press the BLUE button to switch between DC and AC measurement mode Connect the test leads across to the DUT The measured value is shown on the display GDM 397 398 Displays the effective value of a sine wave mean value response GDM 360 461 Displays the true rms value 3 Press Hz GDM 360 397 398 or the yellow button GDM 461 to obtain the frequency and duty cycle value InputAmplitude DC offset is zero gt Input Amplitude Zrangex3076 gt Frequency response GDM 397 398 lt 400Hz GDM 360 461 X1kHz 17 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION Note e In each range the Meter has an input im
2. EN F Capacitance Measuremient nere terrae ER HEAR ROS ERN SER SREIA Pee Ee eee i teaei 30 G Frequency Measurement piper ED e iE ie e de Ee ERE 33 H Temperature Measurement GDM 397 only l Transistor hFE Measurement GDM 398 only ssssssssseseseeeeeeenetner trennen 37 EF Function GDM 398 only i5 n ct eth tt ttn P HE ror HH A ARE 39 Hold D HP 41 RANGE Dutt e 42 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual MAX MIN button GDM 360 397 398 only senten 42 Peak Hold GDM 461 only Outputting Data Except GDM 398 The Use of Relative Value Mode ccessssesessseseseseessescsesessseseeeeteeeseasaeseacenenenensesseacacacasanaeseeneneeties The BEUE b ttoni ia eerte teet rtt tente ntende Turning on the Display Backlight GDM 360 397 398 only Sleep Mode GDM 360 397 398 only GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Accuracy Specifications DC Voltage AC Voltage DC Current AC Current Resistance Capacitance CDs PE ULIS Continuity Test Temperature Measurement GDM 397 only Transistor hFE GDM 398 only Lund zs stick CH Replacing the Battery GW INSTEK Table of Contents Replacing the Fuses ue oit rto or oinnia eee Loa ebore Ee eee 71 USB and RS232C Serial Port eere eei tete entente eio vene Renner eie de
3. The continuity buzzer is on 12 MAX MIN S Maximum and Minimum reading 13 Data output is in progress Note This symbol has no function on the GDM 398 and should be ignored 14 a The battery is low A Warning To avoid false readings which could lead to possible electric shock or personal injury replace the battery as soon as the battery indicator appears 15 AN Sensor test is in progress 16 A The REL function is on The Meter displays the stored value minus the measured value 17 Q kQ MO QO Ohm The unit of resistance kQ Kilohm 1x 10 or 1000 ohms MQ Megaohm 1 x 10 or 1 000 000 ohms V mV V Volts The unit of voltage mV Millivolt 1 x 10 or 0 001 volts A mA pA A Amperes amps The unit of current mA Milliamp 1 x 10 or 0 001 amperes pA Microamp 1x 105 or 0 000001 amperes nF pF mF F F Farad The unit of capacitance 14 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual mF Milli farad 1 x 10 or 0 001 farads pF Microfarad 1 x 10 or 0 000001 farads nF Nanofarad 1 x 10 or 0 000000001 farads C F C Centigrade The unit of temperature PF Fahrenheit The unit of temperature Hz kHz MHz MHz Hertz The unit of frequency in cycles second kHz Kilohertz 1x 10 or 1 000 hertz MHz Megahertz 1 x 10 or1 000 000 hertz p The unit of transistor
4. GW INSTEK GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS GDM 461 Range Resolution Accuracy Input Fixed Value 45 1kHz gt 1kHz 10kHz mpedance Input 220mV 0 01mV 1 0 10 1 5 50 Around gt 3000MQ 2 2V 0001V 0 8 10 1 amp 1 29650 1000V dc 22V 0 001V Around 750Vrms ac 220V 0lV 2 09650 10MQ 750V Q 1V L 1 226410 i 3 0 50 e True RMS is applicable from 10 of range to 100 of range e AC crest factor can be up to 3 0 except 750V where it is 1 5 e A residual reading of 10 digits with test leads shorted will not affect stated accuracy 52 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual DC Current GDM 397 398 Range Resolution Accuracy Overload Protection 400nA O T1uA E 1 0 2 Fuse 1 F600mA H 1000V 6 35 4000uA TuA x 31 8mm 40mA 0 01mA 1 2 3 400mA O 1mA 4A 0 001A E 1 5 3 Fuse 2 F10A H 1000V 6 10 3 x 10A 0 01A 38 1mm Remarks e When lt 5A Continuous measurement is allowed e When gt 5A Continuous measurement for less than 10 seconds with intervals of more than 15 minutes between measurements 53 GW INSTEK GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS GDM 360 Range Resolution Accuracy Overload Protection 600uA 0 1uA Fuse 1 F600mA H 1000V o 6 35 6000uA THA S x 31 8mm 60mA 0 01mA nes 600mA 0 1mA 6A 0 001A 1 2 5 Fuse 2 F10A H 1000V 6 10 3 x 10A 0 01A 38 1m
5. e When continuity testing has been completed disconnect the connection between the testing leads and the circuit under test and remove the testing leads away from the input terminals of the Meter 26 GW INSTEK E Testing Diodes figure 6 GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual see figure 6 27 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION Warning To avoid possible damage to the Meter and to the device under test disconnect the circuit power and discharge all high voltage capacitors before testing diodes To avoid harm to yourself do not input voltages greater than DC 60V or AC 30V 1 Insert the red test lead into the Q terminal and the black test lead into the COM terminal 2 Setthe rotary switch to Pt and press BLUE button to select the gt t measurement mode 3 For forward voltage drop readings on any semiconductor component place the red test lead on the component s anode and place the black test lead on the component s cathode The measured value shows on the display Note Inacircuit a good diode should still produce a forward voltage drop reading of 0 5V to 0 8V however the reverse voltage drop reading can vary depending on the resistance of other pathways between the probe tips 28 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual e Connect the test leads to the proper terminals as said above to avoid errors The LCD will display OL to indicate that the diode being tested is open or that the polarity is revers
6. 01mV 0 8 6 3 600mV 0 1mv 0 8 3 Brem apo M ev 0 001V 60V 0 01V 0 5 1 NOOOW Herde PP 600V 0 1V 1000V 1V 1 0963 GDM 461 Range Resolution Accuracy Input Impedance Fixed Value Input 220mV 0 01mV 0 1965 Around 3000MO 2 2V 0 0001V 22V 0 001V 0 1 2 1000V dc ac Vpp 220V OOI Around 10MQ 1000V 0 1V 0 19645 49 GW INSTEK AC Voltage GDM 397 398 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Range Resolution Accuracy 45 400Hz Input Impedance _ Fixed Value Input GDM 398 GDM 397 40mV 0 01mV 1 2 5 Around gt 3000MQ 400mV 0 1mV 4V 0 001V 1000V dc 40V 0 01V a 750Vrms a 400V DV Around 10MQ 750V lV 1 2 5 e Displays effective value of a sine wave mV range is applicable from 5 of range to 10076 of range 50 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual GDM 360 Range Resolution Accuracy Input Fixed Value 45 1kHz gt 1kHz 3kHz Impedance Input 60mV 0lmV 1 2 5 2 0 5 Around 600mV__0 1mV gt 3000MQ ev 0 001V 1 09643 1 59645 1000V dc 60v 0 01V Around 750Vrms ac 600V 0 1V 10MO 750V V 1 2 5 3 096455 e GDM 360 gt True RMS is applicable from 10 of range to 100 of range gt AC crest factor can be up to 3 0 except 750V where it is 1 5 Aresidual reading of 10 digits with test leads shorted will not affect stated accuracy 51
7. 398 461 User Manual Rotary Switch The table below describes the relevant functions of each of the rotary switch ositions Rotary Switch Position Function mV AC and DC Voltage Measurement V AC Voltage Measurement GDM 360 only V DC Voltage Measurement GDM 360 only Q Resistance Measurement H Diode Test 1 Continuity Test 1e Capacitance Test Hz 96 Frequency and Duty Cycle Test C Temperature in Celsius GDM 397 only F Temperature in Fahrenheit GDM 397 only hFE Transistor GDM 398 only ma DCA and ACA Measurement mAe DCmA and ACmA Measurement 10A 10A DC and AC Measurement EF Sensor Test GDM 398 only OFF Power off 11 GW INSTEK OVERVIEW Functional Buttons The table below describes what operations are performed for each of the buttons Button Operation Performed LIGHT except GDM 461 Press and hold for 2 seconds to turn the display backlight on or off Hold Press to enter or exit data hold mode BLUE Button Press to select the alternate function Yellow GDM 461 Hz except GDM 461 Press the Hz button except GDM 461 or the Yellow button GDM 461 for frequency and duty cycle measurement RANGE e Press RANGE to enter the manual ranging mode the Meter beeps e Press RANGE to step through the ranges available for the selected function the Meter beeps e Press and hold RANGE for 2 seconds to return
8. Range Resolution Accuracy Overload Remark Protection 40nF 0 01nF There is around 400nF 0 1nF 10nF residual 4uF 0 001uF 0 07635 ooovdc leading when the 40uF 0 0luF ac Vpp circuit is open 4004F 0 1 uF 4 0965 4000uF TF unspecified 63 GW INSTEK GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS GDM 461 Range Resolution Accuracy Overload Remark Protection 22nF 0 001 nF There is around 220nF 0 01nF 5OpF residual 2 2uF 0 0001uF wae reading when the 22uF 0 001 WF circuit is open 220uF 0 01 uF 1000V dc 2 2mF 0 0001mF 40765 ac Vpp To measure a small D2mF 0 001mF alue of D20mF D OTmE capacitance use Uns peciticd REL A to ensure accuracy 64 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual Frequency Model Range Accuracy Maximum Resolution GDM 397 398 360 10Hz 10MHz 0 196 4 0 01 Hz GDM 461 10Hz 220MHz 0 01 5 0 001 Hz e Overload Protection 1000Vdc ac Vpp e Input Amplitude DC offset is zero GDM 360 397 398 When 10Hz 10MHz 200mV lt a lt 30Vrms GDM 461 When 10Hz 10MHz 300mV xa lt 30Vrms When gt 10MHz 40MHz 400mV a x 30Vrms When gt 40MHz unspecified When measuring on line frequency or duty cycle under AC Voltage and Current measurement mode the input amplitude and frequency response must satisfy the following requirement Input amplitude 2range x 30 Frequency response GDM 397 398
9. lt 400Hz GDM 360 461 lt 1kHz 65 GW INSTEK GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Diode Test Model Resolution Remarks Overload Protection GDM 360 397 398 0 001V Open circuit voltage GDM 461 0 0001V around 2 8V TOROVBC ae Npp Continuity Test Model Resolution Overload Protection GDM 360 397 398 0 10 GDM 461 0 010 ORUM a e GDM 360 397 398 gt Open circuit voltage is around 0 45V gt Broken circuit resistance value is around gt 35C the buzzer does not beep gt Good circuit resistance value is lt 10Q the buzzer beeps continuously e GDM 461 gt Open circuit voltage is around 3V gt Broken circuit resistance value is around gt 300 the buzzer does not beep gt Good circuit resistance value is lt 10 the buzzer beeps continuously 66 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual Temperature Measurement GDM 397 only Range Resolution Accuracy Overload Protection 1 C 40 20 C 8 5 gt 20 0 C 1 2 4 0 100 C 1 2 3 gt 100 1000 C 2 5 2 8 6 gt 4 32 F x 1 2965 232 212 F x 1 29644 E 2 40 4 F gt 212 1832 F 2 5 3 1000Vdc ac Vpp e Thermocouple It is suitable to use K type thermocouples The included K type thermocouple can only be used to measure temperatures less than 230 C Transistor hFE GDM 39
10. to auto range mode the Meter beeps MAX MIN except 461 Press to select the maximum and minimum value RELA e Press to enter REL mode e Press again to exit REL mode e For Model GDM 360 397 Press and hold for over 2 seconds to enter or exit RS232C or USB mode optional Note For the GDM 461 there is no need to hold the REL A key for 2 seconds as the RS232C USB mode is enabled by default after powering on 12 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual Note For the GDM 398 holding the REL A key 2 seconds will also display the DATA OUTPUT s symbol however the GDM 398 has no data output capability and thus this symbol can be ignored PEAK GDM 461 le Press to step the display through Pmax and Pmin readings Press and hold for 2 seconds to exit Peak mode CAL means the meter has entered self calibration mode Display Symbols MANU No Symbol Meaning 1 Data hold is active 2 Sleep Mode indicator 3 mn Indicates negative reading 4 AC Indicator for AC measurement 5 DC Indicator for DC measurement 6 The Meter is in the auto range mode in which the Meter automatically selects the range with the best resolution Indicator for manual ranging mode 7 8 OL The input value is too large for the selected range 9 hFE ransistor testing indicator 10 gt Diode Test 13 GW INSTEK OVERVIEW 11 1
11. 06P built in 1 piece 6 RS232C Interface Cable Except GDM 398 1 piece 7 USBInterface Cable Optional at extra cost Except GDM 398 1 piece 8 Installation Guide amp Computer Interface Software CD ROM 1 piece Comes with the RS232C or USB Interface Cable except GDM 398 In the event you find anything missing or damaged please contact your dealer immediately GW INSTEK OVERVIEW Safety Information This Meter complies with the EN61010 1 and EN61010 2 030 standards in pollution degree 2 overvoltage category CAT III 1000V CAT IV 600V and double insulation CAT III Distribution level fixed installation with smaller transient overvoltages than CAT IV CAT IV Primary supply level overhead lines cable systems etc Use the Meter only as specified in this User Manual otherwise the protection provided by the Meter may be impaired In this manual a Warning identifies conditions and actions that pose as hazards to the user or may damage the Meter or the equipment under test A Note identifies the information that a user should pay attention to International electrical symbols used on the Meter and in this User Manual are explained on page 9 6 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual Rules for Safe Operation Warning To avoid possible electric shock or personal injury and to avoid possible damage to the Meter or to the equipment under test adhere to the following rules Before usin
12. 8 only Range Resolution Remark hFE 1p Ibos1OUA 10008 MAX 67 GW INSTEK MAINTENANCE Vl AINTENANCE This section provides basic maintenance information including battery and fuse replacement instructions Warning Do not attempt to repair or service your Meter unless you are qualified to do so and have the relevant calibration performance test and service information To avoid electrical shock or damage to the Meter do not get water inside the case General Service e Periodically wipe the case with a damp cloth and mild detergent Do not use abrasives or solvents Clean the terminals using cotton tips with detergent as dirt or moisture in the terminals can affect readings e Turn off the power when it is not in use e Take out the battery when it has not been used for a long time 68 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual Do not use or store the Meter in a place of humidity high temperature or in the presence of explosives inflammable materials and strong magnetic fields Replacing the Battery figure 12 69 GW INSTEK MAINTENANCE AN Warning To avoid false readings which could lead to possible electric shock or personal injury replace the battery as soon as the battery indicator Ca appears Make sure the test leads are disconnected from the circuit being tested before opening the case bottom To replace the battery See figure 12 1 Turn
13. Hz 200mV xa x 30Vrms gt GDM 461 When 10Hz 10MHz 300mV xa x 30Vrms When 10MHz 40MHz 400mV lt a lt 30Vrms When 2 40MHz unspecified e For GDM 461 When measuring Audio frequency if the input voltage is more than 15volts the meter will simulate the sound at the same frequency e When frequency measurement has been completed disconnect the connection between the testing leads and the circuit under test and remove the testing leads away from the input terminals of the Meter 34 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual H Temperature Measurement GDM 397 only see figure 9 The included K type point contact temperature probe can only be used in the measurement below 230 C figure 9 35 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION AN Warning To avoid harm to yourself do not input higher than DC 60V or AC 30V voltages To measure temperature connect the Meter as follows 1 Set the rotary switch to C or F 2 Insert the temperature probe into the input terminal as shown on the figure 9 3 Place the temperature probe to the object being measured After few seconds the measured value shows on the display 4 Press BLUE button to toggle between C and F temperature Note To avoid measurement errors especially low temperature measurement errors ensure the operating temperature does not exceed 18 28 C e When temperature measurement has been completed disconnect the connection between the temperat
14. Resistance Measurement figure 4 22 see figure 4 MEASUREMENT OPERATION GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual Warning To avoid damaging the Meter or the DUT disconnect power from the circuit and discharge all high voltage capacitors before measuring resistance To avoid harm to yourself do not input voltages greater than DC 60V or AC 30V To measure resistance connect the Meter as follows 1 Insert the red test lead into the Q terminal and the black test lead into the COM terminal 2 Set the rotary switch to Q resistance measurement Q is the default or press the BLUE button to select O measurement mode 3 Connect the test leads to the DUT If there is a lead on the resistor or SMT resistor it is more convenient to use the included multi purpose socket to carry out testing 4 The measured value shows on the display 23 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION Note e The test leads can add 0 20 to 0 50 of error to the resistance measurement To obtain precise readings for low resistance measurements short the leads beforehand to obtain the resistance of the test leads and use the relative measurement function button REL A to automatically subtract the resistance of the test leads from the measured value e If the Q reading with shorted test leads is not lt 0 5Q check to see that the test leads are properly connected and are not loose e For high resistance measurements gt 1MQ it is norma
15. This manual contains proprietary information which is protected by copyright All rights are reserved No part of this manual may be photocopied reproduced or translated to another language without prior written consent The information in this manual was correct at the time of printing However we continue to improve our products and therefore reserve the right to change the specifications equipment and maintenance procedures at any time without notice Good Will Instrument Co Ltd No 7 1 Jhongsing Rd Tucheng Dist New Taipei City 236 Taiwan GW INSTEK Table of Contents Table of Contents OVERVIEW eto e Uo ERUIT ERE 4 Unpacking Inspection 2 5 titor rtt terri terror EXE HE Let e E ERES ERUIT condos 5 Safety IinforrmatiG s 6 Rules for Safe Operati nc iamen ODER DER REED DRE IEDRTUR 7 International Electrical Symbols eret etr tette ihe rte EREE 9 The Meter Structure Clau m Functional B ttons inerte rrt tret te ER ER eo REA H RE HER IEEE rarna Eni BIA EVO p T MEASUREMENT OPERATION Quo eese nennen nen nenne nnnet nennen enne nnne 16 A DC AC Voltage Measurement nenenenenenn en 16 B DC AC Current Measurernerit e eerte t e I HOHER REI em e Hin teta rada 19 C Resistance Measurement D Testing for Continuity crie eorr er tne e FREE HERE ENE EUREN ERAN EXER YER FER SECRUNDAPRIDD I
16. are without power The Hold mode will not capture unstable or noisy readings The Hold mode is applicable to all measurement functions e Press HOLD to enter Hold mode the Meter beeps Press HOLD again to exit Hold mode the Meter beeps In Hold mode lal is displayed 41 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION RANGE button e Press RANGE to enter the manual ranging mode the Meter beeps e Press RANGE to step through the ranges available for the selected function the Meter beeps e Press and hold RANGE for over 2 seconds to return to auto ranging mode the Meter beeps MAX MIN button GDM 360 397 398 only e Press MAX MIN to start recording of maximum and minimum values Steps the display through high MAX and low MIN readings The Meter enters manual ranging mode after pressing MAX MIN button e Press and hold MAX MIN for over 2 seconds to exit MAX MIN mode and return to the present measurement range Peak Hold GDM 461 only e Under voltage and current measurement mode press the PEAK button to enter manual ranging mode and start recording of Pmax and Pmin values The LCD displays MANU Pmax e Press PEAK again to display MANU Pmin 42 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual e Press PEAK to step the display through Peak Max and Peak Min readings e Press and hold PEAK for over 2 seconds to exit Peak mode the LCD displays the present measurement values Don t press the PEAK key if the meter has entere
17. circuit To measure current do the following 1 Insert the red test lead into the pmA or A input terminal and the black test lead into the COM terminal 2 Set the rotary switch to pA mA or A 3 The Meter defaults to DC current measurement mode To toggle between the DC and AC current measurement function press the BLUE button 4 Connectthe test lead in series to the return line of the circuit to be tested The measured value is shown on the display GDM 397 398 Displays the effective value of sine wave mean value response 20 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual GDM 360 461 Displays the true rms value 5 Press Hz GDM 360 397 398 or the yellow button GDM 461 to obtain the frequency and duty cycle value gt Input Amplitude DC offset is zero gt Input Amplitude 2zrangex30 gt Frequency response GDM 397 398 lt 400Hz GDM 360 461 lt 1kHz Note e Ifthe value of the current to be measured is unknown set to the highest range and reduce the range step by step until a satisfactory reading is obtained For safety the measurement time for currents greater than 5A gt 5A should be less than 10 seconds and the interval time between 2 measurements should be greater than 15 minutes e When current measurement has been completed disconnect the connection between the testing leads and the circuit under test and remove the testing leads from the input terminals of the Meter 21 GW INSTEK C
18. d CAL mode Outputting Data Except GDM 398 e Press and hold the REL A button for over 2 seconds to enter or exit RS232C or USB mode e The sleep mode feature will be disabled after entering RS232C or USB mode the icon on the LCD will disappear GDM 397 360 398 only Note for the GDM 398 entering the RS232C or USB mode has no function If the Meter is carrying out HOLD MAX MIN or REL measurement the LCD will display the corresponding readings Hold Max Min REL but the interface output will output the actual measurement present on the input terminals e For GDM 461 Data Output mode is entered automatically 43 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION The Use of Relative Value Mode The REL mode applies to all measurement functions except frequency duty cycle measurement It subtracts a stored value from the present measurement value and displays the result For instance if the stored value is 20 0V and the present measurement value is 22 0V the reading would be 2 0V If a new measurement value is equal to the stored value then the reading would be 0 0V To enter or exit REL mode e Press RELA to enter REL mode and the present measurement is locked as the stored value 0 is then shown on the display Press RELA again to reset the stored value and exit REL mode 44 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual The BLUE button It is used for selecting the required measurement function when there i
19. e EE en ena eden einen diee kn 73 GW INSTEK OVERVIEW Overview This User Manual covers information on safety and cautions Please read the relevant information carefully and observe all the Warnings and Notes Warning To avoid electric shock or personal injury read the Safety Information and Rules for Safe Operation carefully before using the Meter Digital Multimeter Model GDM 360 True RMS GDM 397 GDM 398 and GDM 461 True RMS hereafter referred to as the Meter are auto ranging multimeters The Meter can measure AC DC Voltage and Current Resistance Diode Continuity Buzzer Capacitance Frequency and Temperature C or F hFE and EF function In addition to the conventional measuring functions there is an RS232C or USB serial port optional data hold relative mode peak measurement GDM 461 low battery display display backlight GDM 360 397 398 and sleep mode GDM 398 397 360 Except where noted the descriptions and instructions in this User Manual apply to all models GW INSTEK Unpacking Inspection Open the package case and take out the Meter Check the following items carefully to see if there are any missing or damaged parts GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual Item Description Qty 1 User Manual 1 piece 2 Test Lead 1 pair 3 Ktype Temperature Probe thermocouple GDM 397 only 1 piece 4 Multi Purpose Socket 1 piece 5 V Battery NEDA1604 6F22 or 0
20. ed The Meter will display the forward voltage drop in voltage V units e When diode testing has been completed disconnect the connection between the testing leads and the circuit under test and remove the testing leads away from the input terminals of the Meter 29 GW INSTEK F Capacitance Measurement 30 see figure 7 MEASUREMENT OPERATION GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual Warning To avoid damage to the Meter or to the equipment under test disconnect the circuit power and discharge all high voltage capacitors before measuring capacitance Use the DC Voltage function to confirm that the capacitor is discharged To measure capacitance connect the Meter as follows 1 Insert the red test lead into the 1 terminal and the black test lead into the COM terminal 2 Setthe rotary switch to 1 On the GDM 360 397 398 press BLUE button to select the nF measurement mode e At that time the Meter will display a fixed value as shown below which is the internal capacitance of the Meter To ensure accuracy when measuring a small value of capacitance the tested value must be subtracted from this value The REL mode can be used to achieve this GDM 360 397 398 approximately 10nF GDM 461 approximately 50pF e For convenience use the included multi purpose socket for measuring capacitors with leads or SMT capacitors Insert the capacitor to be tested into the corresponding and jack of the multi p
21. g the Meter inspect the case Do not use the Meter if it is damaged or if the case or part of the case is removed Look for cracks or missing plastic Pay attention to the insulation around the connectors Inspect the test leads for damaged insulation or exposed metal Check the test leads for continuity Replace damaged test leads with those of the same type before using the Meter again Do not apply more than the rated voltage as marked on the Meter between the terminals or between any terminal and ground To prevent damage of the Meter the rotary switch should be placed in the right position and the measurement range should not be changed during measurement When measuring voltages over 60V in DC or 30V rms in AC special care should be taken to avoid electric shock GW INSTEK OVERVIEW e Use the proper terminals function and range for your measurements Do not use or store the Meter in an environment with high temperature humidity explosives inflammable materials or strong magnetic fields The performance of the Meter may deteriorate when dampened e When using the test leads keep your fingers behind the finger guards e Disconnect circuit power and discharge all high voltage capacitors before testing resistance continuity and diodes e Before measuring current check the Meter s fuses and turn off the current that is to be tested before connecting the Meter to the circuit After connecting the circuit reliably t
22. kHz 3kHz 600A 0 luA S d Fuse 1 F600mA H 1000V o 000A THA i etc ACA le peer 60mA 0 01mA PA OTRA 59695 2 09645 6A 0 001A E Fuse 2 F10A H 1000V 6 10 3 x 10A 0 01A EUR sk ican a nt Remarks e When 5A Continuous measurement is allowed e When gt 5A Continuous measurement for less than 10 seconds with intervals of more than 15 minutes between measurements e GDM 360 gt True RMS is applicable from 10 of range to 100 for range Aresidual reading of 10 digits with test leads shorted will not affect stated accuracy 57 GW INSTEK GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS GDM 461 Range Resolution Accuracy Overload Protection 45 1kHz gt 1kHz 10kHz 220uA 0 01 uA S S Fuse 1 F600mA H 22000A D IuA nud UAN 1000V 6 35 x 22mA 0 001mA 31 8mm 220mA D OImA E 1 2264 10 Ht 1 5964 50 lkHz 5kHz Fuse 2 F10A H 10A 0 001A c 1 5964 10 1000V 10 3 x 2 0 50 38 1mm Remarks e When 5A Continuous measurement is allowed When gt 5A Continuous measurement for less than 10 seconds with intervals of more than 15 minutes between measurements e True RMS is applicable from 10 of range to 100 of range e A residual reading of 10 digits with test leads shorted will not affect stated accuracy 58 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual Resistance GDM 397 398 Range Resolution Accuracy Overl
23. l to take several seconds to obtain a stable reading To obtain a stable reading use test leads that are as short as possible or use the included multi purpose socket to carry out the measurement The LCD displays OL to indicate an open circuit or that the resistor value is higher than the selected range of the Meter e When resistance measurement has been completed disconnect the connection between the testing leads and the circuit under test and remove the testing leads away from the input terminals of the Meter 24 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual D Testing for Continuity see figure 5 t Selec CIOCI O O figure 5 25 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION Warning To avoid damage to the Meter or to the device under test disconnect the circuit power and discharge all high voltage capacitors before testing for continuity To avoid harm to yourself do not input voltages greater than DC 60V or AC 30V To test for continuity connect the Meter as described below 1 Insert the red test lead into the O terminal and the black test lead into the COM terminal 2 Set the rotary switch to and press BLUE button to select measurement mode 3 The buzzer sounds continuously if the resistor to be tested is lt 10Q The buzzer does not sound if the resistor to be tested is gt 35Q Note e GDM 360 397 398 open circuit voltage is around 0 45V GDM 461 open circuit voltage is around 3V
24. m Remarks e When 5A Continuous measurement is allowed e When gt 5A Continuous measurement for less than 10 seconds with intervals of more than 15 minutes between measurements 54 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual GDM 461 Range Resolution Accuracy Overload Protection 220uA 0 01 nA Fuse 1 F600mA H 1000V 6 35 2200uA O T1uA r x 31 8mm 22mA 0 001mA a iE 220mA 0 01mA 10A 0 001A 1 2 50 Fuse 2 F10A H 1000V 6 10 3 x 38 1mm Remarks e When 5A Continuous measurement is allowed e When gt 5A Continuous measurement for less than 10 seconds with intervals of more than 15 minutes between measurements 55 GW INSTEK AC Current GDM 397 398 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Range Resolution Accuracy Overload Protection 45Hz 400Hz 400nA O T1uA 1 2 5 Fuse 1 F600mA H 1000V p 4000uA TA 6 35 x 31 8mm 40mA 0 01mA 1 5 5 400mA 0 1mA 4A 0 001A 2 0 5 Fuse 2 F10A H 1000V 10 3 x 10A 0 01A 38 1mm Remarks e When lt 5A Continuous measurement is allowed e When gt 5A Continuous measurement for less than 10 seconds with intervals of more than 15 minutes between measurements Displays the effective value of a sine wave 56 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual GDM 360 Range Resolution Accuracy Overload Protection 45 1kHz l
25. mA range F1 600mA H 1000V 6 35x31 8mm CE 72 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual 10A range F2 10A H 1000V 10 3x38 1mm CE 6 Rejoin the case bottom and case top and reinstall the screw 7 Rejoin the tilt stand battery compartment and case bottom and reinstall the screw USB and RS232C Serial Port USB is optional at extra cost Please refer to the Installation Guide amp Computer Interface Software for installing and operating instructions for the GDM 360 397 461 Interface Program Test Equipment Depot 800 517 8431 99 Washington Street Melrose MA 02176 TestEquipmentDepot com 73
26. oad Remark Protection 4000 0 10 x 1 2 2 When measuring 4kO 0 001kQ below 2kQ apply 40kQ 0 01kQ 1 0 2 1000Vdc RELA to ensure 400kQ 0 1kQ ac Vpp measurement AMO 0 001MQ x 1 29642 accuracy 40MQ 0 01MQ x 1 52642 59 GW INSTEK GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS GDM 360 Range Resolution Accuracy Overload Remark Protection 6000 0 10 1 2962 When measuring 6kQ 0 001kQ below 2kQ apply 60kQ 0 01kQ 1 0 2 1000Vdc RELA to ensure 600kQ 0 1kOQ ac Vpp measurement 6MQ 0 001MQ 1 2 2 accuracy 60MQ 0 01MQ 1 5 2 60 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual GDM 461 Range Resolution Accuracy Overload Remark Protection 2200 0 010 When measuring 2 2kQ 0 0001 kQ below 2kQ apply 22kQ 0 001kO dii ee RELA to ensure 220kQ 0 01kQ ac V 1 measurement 2 2MQ 0 0001MQ 0 82610 PP accuracy 22MQ 0 001MQ 1 596410 22040 0 01MO 3 0 50 61 GW INSTEK GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Capacitance GDM 397 398 Range Resolution Accuracy Overload Remark Protection AOnF 0 01 nF There is around 400nF 0 1nF 10nF residual 4uF 0 001 uF E 3 02645 1000V dc reading when the AOL F 0 01 uF ac Vpp circuit is open 400uF 0 1 pF t 4 096 5 4000uF luF unspecified 62 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual GDM 360
27. pedance of 10MQ except for the mV range which has an input impedance of 3000MQ This loading effect can cause measurement errors in high impedance circuits If the circuit impedance is less than or equal to 10kO the error is negligible 0 1 or less e For GDM 398 When measuring mV you must press RANGE manually to enter mV range e For the GDM 397 The AC DC voltage measurement ranges and the AC DC mV measurement ranges are separated When the rotary switch is in the AC DC voltage position V the RANGE button can be used to switch between the different voltage measurement ranges Similarly when the rotary switch in the AC DC mV position mV the RANGE button can be used to switch between the different mV measurement ranges e When voltage measurement has been completed disconnect the testing leads from the DUT and remove the testing leads from the input terminals of the Meter 18 GW INSTEK B DC AC Current Measurement figure 3 GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual see figure 3 GDM 461 19 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION Warning Before connecting the Meter to the return circuit to be tested cut off the current of the return circuit If the fuse burns out during measurement the Meter may be damaged or the operator may be hurt Use the proper terminals function and range for each measurement When the testing leads are connected to the current terminals do not connect them in parallel to any
28. s more than one function at one position of the rotary switch Turning on the Display Backlight GDM 360 397 398 only Warning In order to avoid mistakes arising from misread readings in insufficient light please use the backlight function e Press and hold the HOLD LIGHT button yellow button for over 2 seconds to turn the display backlight on The display backlight will automatically turn off around after 10 seconds Sleep Mode GDM 360 397 398 only To preserve battery life the Meter automatically turns off if you do not turn the rotary switch or press any buttons after 15 minutes The Meter can be woken up by turning the rotary switch or pressing any button To disable the Sleep Mode function press BLUE button while turning on the Meter 45 GW INSTEK GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS G ENERAL SPECIFICATIONS e Maximum Voltage between any Terminals and Ground Refer to the different input ranges for the protection voltages A Fused Protection for pAmA Input Terminal 600mAH 1000V 6 35x31 8mm e A Fused Protection for 10A Input Terminal 10A H 1000V 10 3x38 1mm e Display gt GDM 397 398 Maximum reading 4000 frequency 9999 analogue bar graph 41 segments gt GDM 360 Maximum reading 6000 frequency 9999 analogue bar graph 61 segments gt GDM 461 Maximum reading 22000 analogue bar graph 46 segments e Measurement Speed Updates 2 3 times second e Range Auto or Manual e Polarity Display Au
29. the Meter power off and remove all connections from the terminals 2 Remove the screw from the tilt stand and the battery compartment and then separate the battery compartment and the tilt stand from the case bottom 3 Remove the battery from the battery compartment Replace the battery with a new 9V battery 5 Rejoin the tilt stand battery compartment and case bottom and reinstall the screw B 70 GW INSTEK Replacing the Fuses EH GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual figure 13 71 GW INSTEK MAINTENANCE Warning To avoid electrical shock or arc blast or personal injury or damage to the Meter use specified fuses ONLY in accordance with the following procedure To test the fuse See figure 13 If the Meter does not respond when measuring current or transistor hFE inspect to see that the fuses aren t broken To replace the Meter s fuse See figure 12 1 Turnthe Meter power off and remove all the connections from the terminals 2 Remove the screw from the tilt stand and the battery compartment and separate the battery compartment and the tilt stand from the case bottom 3 Remove the two screws from the case bottom and the separate the case top from the case bottom 4 Remove the fuse by gently prying one end loose then take out the fuse from its bracket 5 ONLY install replacement fuses of an identical type and specification as shown below and make sure the fuse is fixed firmly in the bracket uA
30. to 46 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual e Overload indication Display OL Battery Deficiency Display Ca e Temperature gt Operating 0 C to 40 C 32 F to 104 F gt Storage 10 C to 50 C 14 F to 122 F e Relative Humidity gt lt 75 0 C 30 C below gt lt 50 30 C 40 C e Battery Type 9V NEDA1604 or 6F22 or 006P e Under the presence of electromagnetic fields the instrument may have measurement errors Measurement will return to normal when the interference is removed e Dimensions HxWxL 180 x 87 x 47 mm e Weight Approximate 370g battery included e Safety Compliances EN 61010 1 EN 61010 2 030 CAT III 1000V CAT IV 600V overvoltage and double insulation standard e Certifications C 47 GW INSTEK GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS Accuracy Specifications Accuracy a reading b digits guaranteed for 1 year Operating temperature 18 C 28 C Relative humidity 7576 DC Voltage GDM 397 398 Range Resolution Accuracy Input Impedance Fixed Value Input GDM 398 GDM 397 40mV 0 01mV 0 8 3 Around 3000MO 400mV 0 1mV x 0 89643 4V 0 001V 40V 0 01V amp 059641 ound tonia IUDON de fae opp 400V 0 1V 1000V 1V 1 0 3 48 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual GDM 360 Range Resolution Accuracy Input Impedance Fixed Value Input 60mV 0
31. ure probe and the object being measured and remove the temperature probe away from the input terminals of the Meter 36 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual Transistor hFE Measurement GDM 398 only figure 10 see figure 10 37 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION Set the rotary switch to hFE Insert the multi purpose socket into the input terminal as shown on figure 10 3 Insert the transistor to be tested into the corresponding multi purpose socket jacks 4 The LCD will display hFE nearest value N Note e When transistor measurement has been completed disconnect all the connections between the multi purpose socket transistor and the Meter 38 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual J EF Function GDM 398 only see figure 11 front line figure 11 39 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION To use the EF function connect the Meter as follows 1 Set the rotary switch to EF and remove the test lead from the input terminals 2 Place the front part of the housing with the AN marking towards the object being measured 3 There will be three types of displays LCD displays different size of digits to represent the strength of detected signal When the LCD displays OL the buzzer beeps and the red LED blinks 40 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual Hold Mode Warning To avoid possibility of electric shock do not use Hold mode to determine if circuits
32. urn the current that is to be tested on e Replace the battery as soon as the battery indicator Za appears With a low battery the Meter might produce false readings that can lead to electric shock and personal injury e When servicing the Meter use only the same model number or identical electrical specifications for replacement parts The internal circuit of the Meter shall not be altered to avoid damaging the Meter and to prevent accidents GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual e A soft cloth and mild detergent should be used to clean the surface of the Meter when servicing No abrasives and solvents should be used to prevent the surface of the Meter from corrosion or damage The Meter is suitable for indoor use Turn the Meter off when it is not in use and take out the battery when not using it for a long time e Constantly check the battery as it may leak when it has not been used for some time replace the battery as soon as leaking is detected A leaking battery will damage the Meter International Electrical Symbols AC or DC Ground Double Insulated Ll Battery has insufficient charge A Conforms to Standards of European A Warning Refer to the User Manual C Union GW INSTEK OVERVIEW The Meter Structure see figure 1 LCD display Functional buttons Yellow button Blue button Rotary switch Input terminals DAWN a figure 1 10 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397
33. urpose socket This method is more stable and correct for measuring small capacitances 31 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION 3 Connect the test leads to the DUT The measured value shows on the display Note e It takes a longer time to measure a capacitance of more than 100pF The LCD displays OL to indicate that the tested capacitor is shorted or it exceeds the maximum range e When capacitance measurement has been completed disconnect all the connections between the multi purpose socket capacitor and the Meter 32 GW INSTEK GDM 360 397 398 461 User Manual G Frequency Measurement see figure 8 GDM 360 397 398 GDM 461 figure 8 Warning To avoid personal harm do not attempt to input more than 30V rms when testing frequency To measure frequency connect the Meter as follows 1 Insert the red test lead into the Hz terminal and the black test lead into the COM terminal 33 GW INSTEK MEASUREMENT OPERATION 2 Set the rotary switch to Hz frequency measurement is set to Hz as default otherwise press the Hz button GDM 360 397 398 or the yellow button GDM 461 to select Hz measurement mode 3 Connect the test leads to the DUT The measured value shows on the display 4 If you need to measure the duty cycle press the Hz button GDM 360 397 398 or the yellow button GDM 461 to select measurement mode Note e Input Amplitude DC offset is zero gt GDM 360 397 398 When 10Hz 10M

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