thermo-prop thermophysical analysis package for modelling and
Contents
1. THERMOPHYSICAL ANALYSIS PACKAGE FOR MODELLING AND SIMULATION USER MANUAL OF VERSION 1 4 7 2 23 ABSTRACT This documentation gives background description of Thermo Prop database for numerical modelling simulation and calculations The quality of obtained results from calculation codes simulating the course of a process depends on the accuracy of material data used Only these data which characterize well the materials and phenomena related to the process guarantee obtaining of proper conclusions and valuable prediction of the real process behaviour For example within the codes of the generalist or professional types physical models describe particular stages of the casting development namely filling the mould solidification and the cooling of the metal the mould heating and the development of stresses The problem of material data is related to each of these stages CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION aisinn TANE Xe EN SORIA NUS 4 2 SETLUNG UP 4 24179 Vsteri Tequir ees meos a ee RR d Ate 4 2 2 Program installation teuer os Ha oo Y RV e Y ETAT DNA Rea Rue RI 4 3 DESCRIPTION 2 001277 Element module rv etie e RO EE Cii e igiene SX liq2. 6 O pu td ta DIT DE EN NS 6 3 2 Bimarysalloy modules eos oque Seve tate e D Rec RP IO 2 2 1 Marr eoo eheu esate ea 8 3 2 2 Input dala os eut e dee e bee VIO verd 8 3 2 3 COMPOSI puerta ron iM M A osea 8 3 2 A OUtput X Td vetet itio 9 3 3 Aluminium alloy nodules sea o emite Ur On repe eas ees LO SRL Bid cce H 11 3 9 Composition TAN SES Dac Ae ae 11 iota Ne mb ne AMINO 11 3 4 Copper alloy le etes eive diss d 2 SE EM ImDLmP Q 15 54 2 Composition SeS severos E stp atten 13 Spo INE 13 2 9 Perroussallos modules 1 15 T Ompositrom TAN SE 15 325 09 15 3 0 Heat transter modules oc e m REN 0 3 6 1 nmn 17 3 02 Columns OF experimental data 55 hebetes he 30 rr 17 3 7 Physicochemiacal B CBlerment e doas
3. C cals cm K gt Surface tension units Viscosity units N m C N mm mPas C Ibm ft hr C Ibf s in 2 centipoises C Ibm ft s C Ibt s ft 2 mHeat transfer coeffcient units W m 2 K C g cm s poises kg m s Ns m 2 pounds mass Reset to default lbf pounds force 4 1 5 Help menu Help Thermo Prop Documentation Displays the help contents for the program Help About Thermo Prop Shows the about form of the program 23 23 4 2 Numerical input The representation of number format varies from country to country As such Thermo Prop software has been internationalized As operands you can use numerical constants in any form 2 2 0 2e5 2e 3 with decimal delimiter period or comma depending on your computer system configuration If computer system uses as delimiter for example 2 4 corresponds to 2 4 then 2 4 can also be used as an input 5 REFERENCE Up to date information about Thermo Prop software and documentation can be found on the web page http www thermo prop com COPYRIGHT The Thermo Prop software and the associated manual are the proprietary and copyrighted products Worldwide rights of ownership rest with Institute of Engineering Thermophysics IET Unlicensed use of the software or reproduction in any form is prohibited Institute of Engineering Thermophysics P O Box 15 FIN 33201 Tamp
4. e Niupto 15 e Siupto7 e Snup to 25 e Teupto 7 e Tiupto 16 e Zn up to 30 e Zrup to 10 9 23 Composition ranges wt for ferrous alloys e Snup to 20 3 2 4 Output data e Thermophysical data e Gibbs energy Enthalpy e Entropy e Specific heat capacity e Thermal conductivity e Density e Miscellaneous data e Solid fraction e Nominal liquid composition of solute wt e Liquidus temperature start of solidification After the execution of program the results are displayed as xxxx Solut Cool r where xxxx refers to alloy designation Solut refers to nominal liquid composition of solute wt and cool r refers to the cooling rate of solidification process 10 23 3 3 Aluminium alloy module In this thermodynamic kinetic module the main instruments of the convectional solute redistribution models 1 the material balance equations and Fick s laws of solute diffusion were incorporated into the proper set of thermodynamic chemical potential equality equations which relate the phase interface compositions to both the temperature and the phase stabilities Depending on the alloy composition and cooling rate the module determines the phase fractions and compositions of the liquid during solidification and also calculates important thermophysical material data Gibbs energy enthalpy entropy specific heat capacity thermal conductivity and density from the liquid state down to room temperature for al
5. 1 thermodynamic equilibrium is assumed to be achieved at the phase interfaces only Binary alloy module embraces thermophysical properties from the liquid state down to room temperature for the following components AlAg AlCu AlMg AISi AlZn CuAg CuCr CuFe CuMg CuMn CuNi CuSi CuSn CuTe CuTi CuZn CuZr and FeSn Depending on the alloy composition and cooling rate the module also determines the phase fractions and compositions of the liquid during solidification In other words the calculation algorithms are based on thermodynamic theory connected to thermodynamic assessment data as well as on regression formulas of experimental data and they take into account the temperature the cooling rate and the alloy composition fEl Thermo Prop version 1 4 Institute of Engineering Thermophysics SEE File View Edit Options Help energy rey boi 5 0 utz alloy tonic ueight 25 g no hala Liquidus tenperature 929 940 K Cooling rate of solidification 20 00 K s Coa ae FS solid fraction L liquid H nushy S solid REG region 5 ae TUO J molK J g K FS TRg L REG Recompute 1073 15 49480 07 1765 09 0 000 1053 15 47953 34 1710 63 0 000 1033 15 46438 69 1656 60 0 000 Gibbs energy 96 Solut 5 0 wt Cool r 20 000 Kis 10 000 4 15 000 20 000 25 000 8 30 000 35 000 40 000 45 000 600 800 Temperature K Gibbs energy Enthalpy Entropy Heat capacity Cor
6. 4 C g g Gibbs energy 8 23 3 2 1 Main instruments e Thermodynamic chemical potential equality equations e Determination of thermodynamic equilibrium at the phase interfaces e Based on substitutional solution and magnetic ordering models Interface mass balance equations e Fick s law of solute diffusion Complete solute mixing in liquid Diffusion of solutes extremely rapid during solidification 3 2 2 Input data e Solute selection and composition e Nominal composition wt of a selected solute e Minimum value 1 0 wt of solutes e Maximum values given in composition ranges section Cooling rate Cooling rate C s of solidification Recommended values from 0 001 to 99 C s e The cooling rate causes different temperature range and location of the mushy zone in the described material properties e Data of the Thermo Prop data bank Program s module contains thermodynamic data and solute diffusion data e Automatic input not for user 3 2 3 Composition ranges User should apply the recommended composition ranges given below Going beyond these ranges does not prevent the calculations but the program restricts itself to these composition ranges Composition ranges wt for aluminium alloys e Agupto 30 e Cu up to 20 e Mg up to 20 e Siup to 12 e Znup to5 Composition ranges wt for copper alloys e Agupto5 e Crupto 1 4 e Feupto5 e Mgupto9 e Mnupto 10
7. Portrait Gibbs energy plutonium View Margins 1500 200 280 3000 Chart Detail Temperatur e K More Normal e File Exit Quit from the program 4 1 2 View menu e View Toolbar Enable disable toolbar e View Graphics Enable disable graphic panel e View Text Enable disable text panel 4 1 3 Edit menu e Edit Copy text Possibility to send text to clipboard e Edit Copy bitmap Possibility to send graphics as bitmap to clipboard e Edit Copy metafile Possibility to send graphics as metafile to clipboard Format of the metafile is determined by use of enhanced metafile option in Option menu 22 23 4 1 4 Options menu e Options Settings Possibility to add exclude headers annotations to determine the format of metafile by use of enhanced metafile option etc Appearance Reporting General Output content jw Add header __ Add annotations Add normalized Reset Defaults e Options Units conversion Possibility to select units to use Select desired units to use gt Temperature units Density units 4 Kelvi Celsius Rankine Fahrenheit kg m 3 C gm mm 3 C Ibm in 3 C kg cm 3 C kg mm 3 C Ibm ft 3 Gibbs energy Entropy and Heat capacity units C gm cm 3 C 10 3kg mm 3 J molK C cal mol K C Btu mol F gt Thermal conductivity units Enthalpy units w m K microwW mm K Btu s in F J mol cal mol Btu mol C
8. eost ee EE LO 3 7 1 Input data eor tete te aee iae e Eo eu a rev oi n ea a LS C WAS BOUE LEN Np cC 18 3 8 Physicochemical_B module 3 8 1 Input data z 3 8 2 Output data 4 DESCRIPTION OF USER INTERFACE AM NEAT ANE MU IT ETE 4 1 1 File 4152 nde 4 1 3 Edit 4TA erigit RTL Aol 3 Help Mem E panier 5 REFERENCE 20 20 20 21 21 22 22 22 4 23 1 INTRODUCTION An important input for physically based simulation models for metal processing such as production refining casting and welding is the relevant physical properties of the metals and other materials including moulds and slags Typically enthalpy related properties Gibbs energy enthalpy entropy specific heat capacity heat transfer coefficient and thermal conductivity or diffusivity are required to model heat flow and a knowledge of density viscosity and surface tension is used in fluid flow modelling As the models gain in sophistication there is an increasing demand for better physical data Some work has been performed to establish the sensitivity of the results from simulation models to changes in the values of the input data The critical properties which affect the results of the models are dependent u
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10. fication process s 1 60 seconds e Input file name text file array of input data maximum 1400 rows e Type of alloy material e Type of mould material 3 6 2 Columns of experimental data e lst column Time s e 2nd column Temperature data at the location of Sensor 1 in mould C e 3rd column Temperature data at the location of Sensor 2 in mould C e 4th column Temperature data at the location of Sensor 3 in mould C e 5th column Temperature data at the location of Sensor 4 in mould C e 6th column Temperature data at the location of Sensor 0 in melt C Note Columns are separated by space Five sensors are needed to gather temperature data Condition Distance of sensors from casting mould interface must satisfy condition Sensor lt Sensor lt Sensor2 lt Sensor3 lt Sensor4 3 6 3 Output data e Heat transfer coefficient W m K as a function of time or temperature p 18 23 3 7 Physicochemical E Element module The module comprises physicochemical properties surface tension and dynamic viscosity in the liquid state for all the metallic elements in the periodic table In this module the calculation algorithms are based on thermodynamic theory connected to physicochemical assessment data as well as on regression formulas of experimental data fEl Thermo Prop version 1 4 Institute of Engineering Thermophysics SEE File View Edit Options Help Li Lithiun 6 941 g nol Solid Phys
11. hermodynamic chemical potential equality equations which relate the phase interface compositions to both the temperature and the phase stabilities Depending on the alloy composition and cooling rate the module determines the phase fractions and compositions of the liquid during solidification and also calculates important thermophysical material data Gibbs energy enthalpy entropy specific heat capacity thermal conductivity and density from the liquid state down to room temperature for copper alloys containing Ag Al Cr Fe Mg Mn Ni Pb Si Sn Zn and Zr The module makes use of experimental thermodynamic and phase diagram data as well as solute diffusion data from IET and National Academy of Sciences which are fed in as measured values EEX igi Thermo Prop version 1 4 Institute of Engineering Thermophysics File view Edit Options Help Binary Alloys Al Alloys Fe Ak gt Gibbs energy value for Cu alloy 0 6 ut alloying elenem Liquidus temperature 1355 985 Cooling rate of solidification 5 00 K s Copper Ag 0 0 1 5 wt p Al 0 0 2 0 wt 0 Cr 0 0 1 5 wt p Fe 0 0 2 0 wt bp 0 0 2 0 wt p Mn 0 0 2 5 wt poem Balance Ni 0 0 2 0 wt Pb 0 0 1 5 wt 0 Si 0 0 2 5 wt Sn 0 0 3 5 wt Zn 0 6 7 0 wt Zr 0 0 1 5 wt96 0 Cooling 0 001 99 oC s Recompute G
12. ibbs energy FS solid fraction L liquid H nushy S solid REG region TIK J nol FS AECL REG 1473 15 81935 49 0 000 1453 15 80104 22 0 000 1433 15 79301 78 0 000 1413 15 76668 01 0 000 lt Gibbs energy Cu alloy Solut 0 6 wt Cool r 5 000 K s 1 000 Temperature Gibbs energy 1303 3 41 Input data e Composition e Nominal composition wt of alloying elements i e solutes Recommended values given in composition ranges section e Cooling rate e Cooling rate C s of solidification e Recommended values from 0 001 to 99 C s e The cooling rate causes different temperature range and location of the mushy zone in the described material properties e Data of the Thermo Prop data bank Program s module contains thermodynamic data and solute diffusion data e Automatic input not for user 3 4 2 Composition ranges User should apply the recommended composition ranges given below Composition ranges wt of alloying elements Ag 0 0 2 5 e Al 0 0 2 0 e Cr 0 0 1 5 e Fe 0 0 4 0 e Mg 0 2 2 5 e Mn 0 0 2 5 Ni 0 0 1 5 e Pb 0 0 2 0 e Si 0 2 3 5 e Sn 0 0 2 0 e Zn 0 6 4 0 e Zr 0 0 1 5 3 4 3 Output data Thermophysical data e Gibbs energy Enthalpy e Entropy e Specific heat capacity e Thermal conductivity e Density e Miscellaneous data e Solid fraction Nominal liquid composition of solutes wt e Liquidus
13. icochenical property Surface tension 453 70 0 3578929 Surface tension Ti V Lithium 22 23 Zr Nb 40 A Ta 72 73 Af Db 104 105 LB La Ce Pr Nd 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 57 58 59 60 Temperature K Surface tension Lanthanides Surface tension Note Right clicking on the periodic table panel initiates popup menu to display list of the elements and their corresponding basic properties 3 7 1 Input data e Data of the Thermo prop data bank e Program s module contains physicochemical data e Automatic input not for user 3 7 2 Output data e Physicochemical data e Surface tension e Viscosity For pure elements the results are displayed as xx where xx refers to element s designation 2 characters 19 23 3 8 Binary alloy module The module embraces physicochemical properties surface tension and dynamic viscosity in the liquid state for corresponding binary alloys of all the metallic elements in the periodic table The calculation algorithms are based on thermodynamic theory connected to physicochemical assessment data as well as on regression formulas of experimental data fEl Thermo Prop version 1 4 Institute of Engineering Thermophysics SEE File View Edit Options Help Synbol 111 5 if Atonic Numbers 3 amp 11 Elenent Manes Lithium amp Sodiun Atonic Weight 7 01445003300641 1 State 298 K Solid amp S
14. olid Physicochenical property Surface tension Hin da 453 70 0 352260 Na Mg 11 12 V V Surface tension K Ca Sc i Vv Cr Lithium and Sodium 13 20 21 23 24 LiNa1 5 SOLVENT 801 1000 1200 1400 1600 Temperature Surface tension of Na 1 5 Surface tension Note Right clicking on the periodic table panel initiates popup menu to display list of the elements and their corresponding basic properties 3 8 1 Input data e Composition of selected solute User should apply the recommended composition ranges given below Going beyond these ranges does not prevent the calculations but the program restricts itself to these composition ranges e Nominal composition 0 01 to 20 wt of solutes e Data of the Thermo Prop data bank e Program s module contains physicochemical data and interaction parameter data e Interaction parameter describes chemical interaction between the solvent and solute atoms e Automatic input not for user 20 23 3 8 2 Output data e Physicochemical data e Surface tension e Viscosity After the execution of program the results are displayed as xxxx where xxxx refers to alloy designation refers to nominal liquid composition of solute wt 4 DESCRIPTION OF USER INTERFACE 4 1 Main menus File View Edit Options Help Open Toolbar Copy test Settings Contents Save as Graphics Copy bitmap Units conversion About Print report Text C
15. opy metafile Print graph Exit Shortcut for menu Press Alt and select the appropriate letters for the main menu and submenu 4 1 1 File menu e File Open The File Open menu opens Dialog from where input file for heat transfer calculation must be loaded e File Save as In Save As menu there are bitmap metafile and enhanced metafile in addition to text The graphics or text is then save as a file e File Print report Panel to print report in text format Print report SEE Gibbs energy value for pure plutonium Atomic weight 244 000 g mol Printer Setup Melting temperature 913 00 K Heat of fusion 2824 030 J mol Print J molK 487 90 29095 40 119 24 500 00 30083 20 123 29 600 00 38609 25 158 23 700 00 47733 66 195 63 71302 48952 74 200 67 GAMMA FCC phase transition 71303 49093 99 201 20 736 40 51343 88 210 43 FCC TET phase transition 736 41 51344 85 210 43 755 67 53221 36 218 12 TET BCC phase transition 755 68 63222 37 218 12 800 00 57711 74 236 52 900 00 68138 83 279 26 913 00 69522 81 284 93 BCC LIQUID phase transition 313 01 53523 33 284 93 1000 00 79244 65 324 77 1100 00 90813 04 372 18 1200 00 102766 03 421 17 2103 e File Print report Panel to print report graph format TeeChart Print Preview SEE Printer Generic PostScript Printer gt Printer Setup Print Close Paper Orientation
16. ow Composition ranges wt of alloying elements 0 0 1 0 e Cr 0 0 1 5 e Cu 0 2 2 5 Mn 0 0 1 5 Mo 0 0 1 5 e Nb 0 0 1 5 e Ni 0 3 2 5 Si 0 5 5 0 e Ti 0 0 1 0 e V 0 0 1 5 3 5 3 Output data Thermophysical data e Gibbs energy e Enthalpy e Entropy e Specific heat capacity e Thermal conductivity e Density Miscellaneous data e Solid fraction e Nominal liquid composition of solutes wt e liquidus temperature After the execution of program the results are displayed as xxxx Solut Cool r where xxxx refers to alloy type Solut refers to nominal liquid composition of alloying elements wt and cool r refers to the cooling rate of solidification process 16 23 3 6 Heat transfer module Heat transfer module is used to determine the heat transfer coefficient at the metal mould interface from cooling curves of actual casting process The experimentally determined relationships between temperature and time within the mould and the casting are used in conjunction with finite difference technique to determine the magnitude of heat transfer characteristics The method based on inverse solution is well conditioned in the sense that it generates bounded solutions and never generates thermal characteristics oscillating with increasing amplitude Heat transfer is the driving force in solidification and also has a significant effect on the quality of the cast product Kno
17. pon behaviour of the process being modelled For example a macro heat transfer model is critically dependent on the enthalpy evolved during solidification as well as the heat transfer properties such as the thermal conductivity of the metal At the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics affiliated with the National Academy of Sciences a Thermo Prop software has been developed to calculate important material properties needed in modelling and simulation The calculations of the Thermo Prop software have been validated with numerous experiments 2 SETTING UP 2 1 System requirements MS Windows 95 98 NT ME 2000 XP 2003 Vista 7 8 e A hard disc and CD drive e VGA display or better e Atleast 64 MB of memory e 5 MB of disk space 2 2 Program installation e Unzip the downloaded thermoprop zip and execute thermoprop exe e Wizards will guide you through installing Thermo Prop software 5 23 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE THERMO PROP PACKAGE 3 1 Element module It has long been recognized that the combination of analysis and synthesis of thermodynamic properties is an important source of information on the phase stability of transition metals and alloys There is an extensive set of experimental thermochemical data available Thermodynamic data for the condensed phases of pure elements currently used by IET Institute of Engineering Thermophysics are the most reliable IET engages in the compilation of a comprehensive self consisten
18. t and authoritative thermochemical data for inorganic and metallurgical systems The main purpose of the database lies in its use in calculation of phase equilibria in multicomponent systems which puts a premium on the interconsistency of the data and thereby on their traceability to the data for the elements Element module contains thermophysical properties from the liquid state down to room temperature for the following elements Ag Al Am As Au B Ba Be Bi C Ca Cd Ce Co Cr Cs Cu Dy Er Eu Fe Ga Gd Ge Hf Hg Ho In Ir K La Li Lu Mg Mn Mo Na Nb Nd Ni Np Os P Pa Pb Pd Pr Pt Pu Rb Re Rh Ru S Sb Sc Se Si Sm Sn Sr Ta Tb Tc Te Th Ti Tl Tm U V W Y Yb Zn Zr Thermo Prop version 1 4 Institute of Engineering Thermophysics File View Edit Options Help Heat of fusion 11296 810 J nol Solid TUO J inol K Iilg K C Liquid 299 15 12696 29 117 61 300 00 12765 15 118 34 Element 400 00 17420 52 161 50 500 00 22727 80 210 70 Amc As Au C B C Ba C Be C cow Ca C Cd C Ce C 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 300 Temperature Gibbs energy Enthalpy Entropy Heat capacity Cor 4 Gibbs energy silver TEUER NK C Gibbs energy 6 23 311 Input data e Data of the Thermo Prop data bank e Program s module contains thermodynamic data e Automatic input not for user 3 1 2 Outpu
19. t data Thermophysical data e Gibbs energy Enthalpy e Entropy e Specific heat capacity e Thermal conductivity e Density e Abbreviations Crystal structure types CUB Simple cubic e FCC Face centred cubic e BCC Body centred cubic e TET Simple tetragonal e BCT Body centred tetragonal e HEX Simple hexagonal e HCP Hexagonal close packed e DHCP Double hexagonal close packed e ORT Orthorhombic e TRI Triclinic RHO Simple rhombohedral e BETA RHO rhombohedral e MONO Monoclinic e DIA Diamond cubic Graphite hexagonal GAMMA Gamma hexagonal e WHITE White tetrahedral e LIQUID Liquid state For pure elements the results are displayed as xx where xx refers to element s designation 2 characters In the sampling module all refers to all range solid refers to solid range and refers to liquid range 7 23 3 2 Binary alloy module In the binary alloy module interfacial material balance equations and Fick s diffusion laws were combined with a thermodynamic solution model which links the temperature the interfacial composition and the phase stabilities to each other The thermophysical properties of the solution phases are described with a substitutional solution model Generally the results depend not only on the alloy composition but also on the cooling rate The module globally deals with non equilibrium solidification
20. te e Cooling rate C s of solidification e Recommended values from 0 001 to 99 C s e The cooling rate causes different temperature range and location of the mushy zone in the described material properties e Data of the Thermo Prop data bank e Program s module contains thermodynamic data and solute diffusion data e Automatic input not for user 3 3 2 Composition ranges User should apply the recommended composition ranges given below Composition ranges wt of alloying elements e Ag 0 0 1 0 e Cr 0 0 1 0 e Cu 0 3 1 5 e Fe 0 0 1 0 e Mg 0 0 1 0 e Mn 0 0 1 0 e Nd 0 0 1 0 e Si 0 8 2 0 e Sn 0 0 1 0 e Ti 0 0 0 5 e Zn 0 0 1 0 3 3 3 Output data Thermophysical data e Gibbs energy Enthalpy e Entropy e Specific heat capacity e Thermal conductivity e Density e Miscellaneous data e Solid fraction Nominal liquid composition of solutes wt e Liquidus temperature After the execution of program the results are displayed as xxxx Solut Cool r where xxxx refers to alloy type Solut refers to nominal liquid composition of alloying elements wt and cool r refers to the cooling rate of solidification process 12 23 3 4 Copper alloy module In this thermodynamic kinetic module the main instruments of the convectional solute redistribution models 1 the material balance equations and Fick s laws of solute diffusion were incorporated into the proper set of t
21. temperature After the execution of program the results are displayed as xxxx Solut Cool r where xxxx refers to alloy type Solut refers to nominal liquid composition of alloying elements wt and cool r refers to the cooling rate of solidification process 1403 3 5 Ferrous alloy module In this thermodynamic kinetic module the main instruments of the convectional solute redistribution models i e the material balance equations and Fick s laws of solute diffusion were incorporated into the proper set of thermodynamic chemical potential equality equations which relate the phase interface compositions to both the temperature and the phase stabilities Depending on the alloy composition and cooling rate the module determines the phase fractions and compositions of the liquid during solidification and also calculates important thermophysical material data Gibbs energy enthalpy entropy specific heat capacity thermal conductivity and density from the liquid state down to room temperature for ferrous alloys containing C Cr Cu Mn Mo Nb Ni Si Ti and V The module makes use of experimental thermodynamic and phase diagram data as well as solute diffusion data from IET and National Academy of Sciences which are fed in as measured values EEx Thermo Prop version 1 4 Institute of Engineering hermophysics File View Edit Options Help AL Alloys Cu Alloys s Physicoct 4 Gibbs energy value for Fe allo
22. uminium alloys containing Ag Cr Cu Fe Mg Mn Nd Si Sn Ti and Zn The module makes use of experimental thermodynamic and phase diagram data as well as solute diffusion data from IET and National Academy of Sciences which are fed in as measured values EEX igi Thermo Prop version 1 4 Institute of Engineering Thermophysics File view Edit Options Help Elements Binary Alloys Cu Allo 4 Gibbs energy value for Al alloy 1 1 alloying elenen Liquidus tenperature 927 967 Parameters Aluminium Ag 0 0 1 0 wt b Cr 0 0 1 0 wt Cu 0 3 1 5 wt E Fe 0 0 1 0 wt Mg 0 0 1 0 wt Mn 0 0 1 0 wt 0 J Balance Nd 0 0 1 0 wt p ed Si 0 8 2 0 wt Sn 0 0 1 0 wt an Ti 0 0 0 5 wt Zn 0 0 0 5 wt pen Cooling rate 0 001 99 oC s Recompute Gibbs energy Gibbs energy Cooling rate of solidification 5 00 K s FS solid fraction L liquid H nushy S solid REG region T K K FS AECL REG 1073 15 49521 39 0 000 1053 15 46992 86 0 000 1033 15 45496 40 0 000 1013 15 43987 24 0 000 lt Gibbs energy Al alloy Solut 1 1 wt Cool r 5 000 Kis 600 800 Temperature 11 23 3 3 1 Input data e Composition e Nominal composition wt of alloying elements i e solutes Recommended values given in composition ranges section e Cooling ra
23. wledge of heat transfer phenomena is therefore essential for the improvement of production speed and productivity of the casting process The module can also be used to determine the heat transfer coefficient at the interface between two conducting media in other technological processes Thermo Prop version 1 4 Institute of Engineering Thermophysics 4 File View Edit Options Help Physicochemical_B Heat Transfer EIL Heat transfer coefficient calculation for file C Progran as a function of tine Aluniniun Alloy in Green Sand tenperature of nelt is 872 20 9 004 Sensor 0 0 001 01 Tinels 2 9 005 Sensor 1 mould 0 001 01 m 0 6656 oor Sensor 2 mould 0 001 0 1 m 19 1409 466 6086 001 5 Sensor 3 mould 0 001 0 1 m 484 1456 481 5148 9 02 Sensor 4 mould 0 001 01 m Time step 1 60 sec Heat transfer coefficient Recompute Cast alloy type Aluminium Alloy Dependence Mould type is Green Sand Time Temperature Cast alloy type Aluminium Alloy C Copper Alloy C Ferrous Alloy C Copper Mold C Low Pressure Die C High Pressure Die 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Time Transfer coefficient Aluminium Alloy Green Sand Input file C Program Files T hermo Prop al_green txt 17 23 3 6 1 Input data e Distance of thermocouples from casting mould interface m 0 001 0 1 m e Time step of solidi
24. y 0 4 alloying elenem Parameters K Liquidus tenperature 1800 040 Cooling rate of solidification 5 00 K s FS solid fraction L liquid H nushy S solid REG region T K K FS AECL REG 1973 15 125127 14 0 000 1953 15 123053 02 0 000 1933 15 120988 32 0 000 lron gt Balance Nb 0 0 1 5 wt E Ni 0 0 2 5 wt C 0 1 2 0 wt p rene Cr 0 0 5 0 wt Cu 0 0 1 5 wt Mn 0 3 1 5 wt ER Mo 0 0 1 5 wt peste 0 Si 0 0 2 5 wt 0 Ti 0 0 1 0 wt V 0 0 1 5 wt Cooling rate 0 001 99 oC s Recompute Gibbs energy Gibbs energy 1913 15 118933 13 0 000 lt Gibbs energy Fe alloy 95 Solut 0 4 wt Cool r 5 000 Kis 1 000 1 500 Temperature 15 23 3 5 1 Input data e Composition e Nominal composition wt of alloying elements i e solutes Recommended values given in composition ranges section e Cooling rate e Cooling rate C s of solidification e Recommended values from 0 001 to 99 C s e The cooling rate causes different temperature range and location of the mushy zone in the described material properties e Data of the Thermo Prop data bank e Program s module contains thermodynamic data and solute diffusion data e Automatic input not for user 3 5 2 Composition ranges User should apply the recommended composition ranges given bel
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