Orion 420 Weather Station™
Contents
1. Write the RMA number on the outside of the box C Shipping send freight prepaid UPS recommended Insurance is recommended The factory can provide the current replacement value of the item being shipped for insurance purposes Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 53 D Send to Columbia Weather Systems Inc 5285 NE Elam Young Parkway Suite C100 Hillsboro Oregon 97124 E C O D shipments will not be accepted 3 lf your unit is under warranty after repair or replacement has been completed it will be returned by a carrier and method chosen by Columbia Weather Inc to any destination within the continental U S A If you desire some other specific form of conveyance or if you are located beyond these borders then you must bear the additional cost of return shipment 4 If your unit is not under warranty we will call you with an estimate of the charges If approved your repaired unit will be returned after all charges including parts labor and return shipping and handling have been paid If not approved your unit will be returned as is via UPS COD for the amount of the UPS COD freight charges Columbia Weather Systems Inc 54 Orion 420 Weather Station Reference Glossary Aspirating Radiation Shield A device used to shield a sensor such as a temperature probe from direct and indirect radiation and rain while providing access for ventilation Barometric Pressure The pressure2. This section consists of the following items 1 One Year Limited Warranty Please read this document carefully 2 Return for Repair Procedure This procedure is for your convenience in the event you must return your Orion for repair or replacement Follow the packing instructions carefully to protect your instrument in transit Limited Warranty Columbia Weather Systems Inc CWS warrants the Orion Weather Station to be free from defects in materials and or workmanship when operated in accordance with the manufacturer s operating instructions for one 1 years from date of purchase subject to the provisions contained herein CWS warranty shall extend to the original purchaser only and shall be limited to factory repair or replacement of defective parts EXCLUSIONS Certain parts are not manufactured by CWS i e certain purchased options etc and are therefore not covered by this warranty These parts may be covered by warranties issued by their respective manufacturers and although CWS will not warrant these parts CWS will act as agent for the administration of any such independent warranties during the term of this warranty This warranty does not cover normal maintenance damage resulting from improper use or repair or abuse by the operator Damage caused by lightning or other electrical discharge is specifically excluded This warranty extends only to repair or replacement and shall in no event extend to consequential dama
3. Sian eos Mees aN ZF Installing the Orion Sensor Transmitter ccccccccccccccesseseecsscceeeeaaeessscseeeeas 29 Columbia Weather Systems Inc 8 Orion 420 Weather Station SE Ol COLION heats E aetna E Matieanatee dete uate NEN 29 Installing the Mounting Adapter cccccccccccssssssceccceccnaassseeceecaaaaasseseeeeeaas 29 NOTAN OINETAN 30 Installing the Surge ATTESIOT sss e AAO 3 Connecting the Sensor Transmitter to the Orion 420 Enclosure 32 Connecting the 420 Enclosure to the PLC cccccccccccsseseeescccceeeenaseeseeceeeeaas 33 SECTION 4 OPTIONAL MOUNTING HARDWARE 35 DCMS OT MOSTo IEEE ua evAleaua seat ex ee OU w aed e tee EEA 35 PROOF Mounino e r E E seat eee ua E tsa Na CON a Meee ah a 35 Wall MOUNU N E EE E E E T A 36 Telescoping Tripod and Tiedown Kit cccccccccssesccccccccceeeeeesececeeeeaaaeseseeseeaas 38 OPECI CANTOS I EEE AE od eg dharani A 39 SECTION 5 OPERATION 41 SECTION 6 MONITORING OPTIONS 43 WEATHER DISPLAY CONSOLE OPTIONAL ecceceeceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 44 WEATHER MICROSERVER OPTIONAL sssssseeeecceccceeeeeeseesseesstsseeeaaaacees 45 WEATHERMASTER SOFTWARE OPTIONAL sccccecececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenaneeeees 46 SECTION 7 MAINTENANCE 4 2 2 1 47 CEE ANIN Gouge oe ctcurcues A EA neces ulus 47 REPLACING THE PU MODULE acraea coc teets cave aa EE EEN con
4. Systems Inc 22 Orion 420 Weather Station Heating Optional Heating elements located below the precipitation sensor and inside the wind transducers keeps the precipitation and wind sensors free from snow and ice A heating temperature sensor Th underneath the precipitation sensor controls the heating Note that Th is measured inside the transmitter where temperature is much higher than the ambient temperature Ta Three fixed temperature limits namely 4 C 0 C and 4 C 39 F 32 F 25 F control the heating power as follows e When ambient temperature Ta falls below 4 C heating is enabled e Heating keeps Th gt 4 C until Ta lt 1 C e Heating keeps Th gt 0 C until Ta lt 15 C Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 23 Orion 420 Enclosure The Orion 420 Enclosure contains the following 2 3 4 AC power supply with 24 VDC output AC power filter and suppressor Two RS 232 to 4 20 mA converters Sensor connection terminal block The enclosure used is UL 508 Type 4 NEMA EEMAC Type 4 Enclosure flammability rating UL94 5V Columbia Weather Systems Inc 24 Orion 420 Weather Station Surge Lightning Protectors A nearby lightning strike may induce a high voltage surge which the internal suppressor of your weather instrument may not be able to withstand causing significant damage to the weather station Protect your weather station investment
5. Vee E etacee at oot 12 DCTP CV AUUTC pio aviantestan a nes aaa 13 Barometri PICSSUT Cc NEEE EEEE ee 13 Precipa O rene eA EE ETTE EE ETE OTO N ATEA 13 Input VOUTE sn e E E e E T A N 13 SENSO TILOUSTU D E E TE inna ered TE E EATE 14 Heatin POW Er SOUICE VEN E E E ANT E TE 14 Serdal to Analog CONVCTICIS errer ere EE suas E 14 PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENTS cicsicastessivassavessuvecivocwntehaneeveeevvaasiovvaaevneseehe 15 Wid Mi COS WICH rra a E EE rend dana OTN EERTE 15 Pressure Temperature and Relative Humidity PTU Module 16 Raal VA COS UT CIN CNET rin tere EEA den ae sla seas ETTE 17 SECTION 2 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION 19 ORION SENSOR TRANSMITTER carinii e a a E E A 19 Sensor Transmitter Components cccccccccccccssecccccccsescccccaeesseeeeaeessceseaeeseeeeas 19 MOUNU Z AAAPIET ire E E OE R OT TE O 21 internal Terminal BOCK sas OO 21 Henin ODNONG etic ee a At Sone O eee 22 OON 420 EN ClOSUIC nien EA T T A 23 SURGE LIGHTNING PROTECTORS 15ss3 Svesssesinsagossvedsiesiars ones veasioiataspreeas estan 24 SECTION 3 INSTALLATION 25 WEATHER STATION SYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS ssseeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeseeeeeeeaees 25 INSTALLATION OVERVIEW 55 i uss ccessuiedy spu ntspocmacaseans O E eae S 26 UNPACKING THE UNTI ariii a a a ae N 26 Instal in oI MIST r esi TE E A NETE O A EEES ae TO COU OM Er T E E E A ET SE 2 Mounine Method scese sE E E S 27 TROUT Cable a NE Bela es Beh oe Sond
6. combined in an advanced sensor module PTU utilizing a capacitive measurement method for each parameter The PTU module contains separate sensors for pressure temperature and humidity measurement The measurement principle of the pressure temperature and humidity sensors is based on an advanced RC oscillator and two reference Capacitors against which the capacitance of the sensors is continuously measured The microprocessor of the transmitter performs compensation for the temperature dependency of the pressure and humidity sensors Barometric pressure is measured using a Capacitive silicon BAROCAP sensor The sensor has minimal hysteresis and excellent repeatability as well as outstanding temperature and long term stability Temperature is measured with a capacitive ceramic THERMOCAP sensor Relative humidity measurement is based on a capacitive thin film polymer HUMICAP 180 sensor The sensor is highly accurate with negligible hysteresis and excellent long term stability in a wide range of environments Radiation Shield This module is mounted in a specially designed radiation shield which protects the sensors from both scattered and direct sunlight and precipitation The composite material in the plates offers excellent thermal characteristics and UV stabilized construction The white outer surface reflects radiation while the black inside absorbs accumulated heat The internal sensor module is easily replaceable and readily
7. discharge These items could become electrically charged resulting in damage to Columbia Weather Systems Inc 28 Orion 420 Weather Station the sensors and or console This could damage the system in the event of an electrical storm Note If the standard 50 ft cable provided with the sensor transmitter is not long enough it may be extended by splicing on an appropriate length of 22 gauge stranded seven conductor shielded cable with the same color code When cutting and splicing insure good contacts proper color coding of the terminal leads and a good seal A good solder splice and water proof insulation are essential merely twisting the respective wires together is not adequate Additional cable Part No 81547 is available from the factory Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 29 Installing the Orion Sensor Transmitter Site Selection Finding a suitable site for the sensor transmitter is important for getting representative ambient measurements The site should represent the general area of interest The sensor transmitter should be installed in a location that is free from turbulence caused by nearby objects such as trees or buildings WARNING To protect personnel and the device a lightning rod should be installed with the tip at least 40 inches one meter above the sensor transmitter The rod must be properly grounded compliant with all local applicable safety regulations Instal
8. exerted by the atmosphere as a consequence of gravitational attraction exerted upon the column of air lying directly above the point in question Celsius Temperature Scale A temperature scale with the ice point at 0 degrees and the boiling point of water at 100 degrees Dew Point The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur When this temperature is below 0 C it is sometimes called the frost point Density Altitude Density altitude is a meteorological variable that is important to pilots especially during the summer The density altitude is the altitude in a standard atmosphere where the density is the same as the given atmospheric density During a hot muggy summer day a pilot begins take off from an airport with an elevation of 2500 feet Because of the warm temperature and the moisture in the air the airplane has to work as if it was taking off at an airport at an elevation of 6000 feet resulting in the plane needing more power and a longer roll down the runway to take off Fahrenheit Temperature Scale A temperature scale with the ice point at 32 degrees and the boiling point of water at 212 degrees Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 55 Global Radiation The total of direct solar radiation and diffused sky radiation received by a unit horizontal surface Global radiation is measured by
9. BEFORE YOU READ ANY FURTHER please inspect all system components for obvious shipping damage The Orion is a high precision instrument and can be damaged by rough handling Your unit was packaged to minimize the possibility of damage in transit Please save the shipping container for any future shipment of your Orion sensor In the event your order arrives in damaged condition it is important that the following steps be taken immediately The title transfers automatically to you the customer once the material is entrusted to the transport company NOTE DO NOT RETURN THE INSTRUMENT TO COLUMBIA WEATHER SYSTEMS until the following steps are completed Failure to follow this request will jeopardize your claim 1 Open the container and inspect the contents Do not throw away the container or any damaged parts Try to keep items in the same condition as originally received Notify the transport company immediately Request the transport company s representative inspect the shipment personally 4 After inspection request a Return Materials Authorization RMA from Columbia Weather Systems by calling 503 629 0887 5 Return approved items to us at the following address Columbia Weather Systems Inc 5285 NE Elam Young Parkway Suite C100 Hillsboro OR 97124 6 After a repair evaluation an estimate of the cost of repair will be sent to you Columbia Weather Systems Inc 6 Orion 420 Weather Station ESD Protection Ele
10. Orion 420 Weather Station 1 Orion 420 Weather Station User Manual Version 2 03 Serial Number Date Purchased All specifications subject to change without notice Printed in U S A Columbia Weather Systems Inc 2 Orion 420 Weather Station Copyright 2005 2015 Columbia Weather Systems Inc All Rights Reserved Proprietary Notice Orion Orion 420 Capricorn 2000 Capricorn 2000EX Capricorn FLX Magellan Vela and Pulsar Weather Stations are trademarks of Columbia Weather Systems Inc The information and drawings contained herein are the sole property of Columbia Weather systems Inc Use of this publication is reserved exclusively for customers of Columbia Weather Systems Inc and their personnel Reproduction of this material is forbidden without the express written consent of Columbia Weather Systems Inc Parts of the Orion Weather Station user manual were adapted from the Weather Transmitter WXT520 User s Guide with permission from Vaisala Oyj WINDCAP RAINCAP HUMICAP BAROCAP and THERMOCAP are registered trademarks of Vaisala Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 3 Welcome Congratulations on your purchase of an Orion 420 Weather Station Please read this manual completely prior to installation Columbia Weather Systems Inc 4 Orion 420 Weather Station Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 5 Important Notice Shipping Damage
11. TE 56 DAN O ee haters chatter detach A E Ga hat ethane A EEEE ANEA 56 TV OS SUC E bi false eee seca E AE E E AEREA 56 TABLES AND FORMULAS sorrire en E a O N EAA 57 Wina CLC ha weiss se se E A A A ANEA 57 Wind CUT GUANO orare e TAAA OEEO 58 Hear TLN ii AEN OA EOE A E E ATEREA 59 DCW a A NA 60 Columbia Weather Systems Inc 10 Orion 420 Weather Station Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 11 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION The Orion 420 Weather Station The Orion 420 weather station provides ultrasonic wind direction and speed measurements a highly accurate impact rain sensor capacitive relative humidity temperature and barometric pressure readings all in a single sensor module The Orion 420 provides 4 20mA current output for the eight weather parameters High accuracy and fine resolution make this system ideal for precision weather monitoring Columbia Weather Systems Inc 12 Orion 420 Weather Station Specifications Operating Conditions Temperature Operation 52 to 60 C 61 to 140 F Relative humidity 0 to 100 Pressure 600 to 1100 hPa Wind 0 to 60 m s Wind Speed Range 0 135mph 0 60 m s Accuracy 3 at 10 m s Resolution 1 mph 1 m s Units Available knots mph km hr m s Wind Direction Azimuth 0 360 Accuracy 3 Resolution 1 Units Available Azimuth Relative Humidity Range 0 100 Accuracy 3 0 90 5 90 100 Resolution 1 Units Avai
12. a pyranometer Heat Index The heat index or apparent temperature is a measure of discomfort due to the combination of heat and high humidity It was developed in 1979 and is based on studies of evaporative skin cooling for combinations of temperature and humidity Pyranometer lt measures the combined intensity of incoming direct solar radiation and diffused sky radiation The pyranometer consists of a radiation sensing element which is mounted so that it views the entire sky Relative Humidity Popularly called humidity The ratio of the actual vapor pressure of the air to the saturation vapor pressure Sea Level Pressure The atmospheric pressure at mean sea level either directly measured or most commonly empirically determined from the observed station pressure In regions where the earth s surface pressure is above sea level it is standard observational practice to reduce the observed surface pressure to the value that would exist at a point at sea level directly below Solar Radiation The total electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun 99 of the sun s energy output falls within the wavelength interval from 0 15 microns to 4 0 microns with peak intensity near 0 47 microns About one half of the total energy in the solar beam is contained within the visible spectrum from 0 4 to 0 7 microns and most of the other half lies near infrared a small additional portion lying in the ultraviolet Wind Chill That p
13. art of the total cooling of a body caused by air motion Columbia Weather Systems Inc 56 Orion 420 Weather Station Unit Conversion Speed Kilometers per hour 1 610 x miles per hour Knots 0 869 x miles per hour Meters per second 0 448 x miles per hour Feet per second 1 467 x miles per hour Temperature Temperature in C 5 9 temperature in F 32 Temperature in F 1 8 x temperature in C 32 Distance Millimeters 25 4 x inches Pressure Millibars 33 86 x inches of mercury Kilopascals 3 386 x inches of mercury Pounds per square inch 0 49 x inches of mercury Standard atmospheres 0 0334 x inches of mercury Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 57 Tables and Formulas Wind Chill Chart In 2001 NWS implemented an updated Wind chill Temperature WCT index The change improves upon the former WCT Index used by the NWS and the Meteorological Services of Canada which was based on the 1945 Siple and Passel Index In the fall of 2000 the Office of the Federal Coordinator for Meteorological Services and Supporting Research OFCM formed a group consisting of several Federal agencies MSC the academic community Indiana University Purdue University in Indianapolis IUPUI University of Delaware and University of Missouri and the International society of Biometeorology to evaluate and improve the windchill formula The group chaired by the NWS is called the Joint Acti
14. ature in F 90 95 100 105 110 130 135 Columbia Weather Systems Inc 60 Orion 420 Weather Station Dew Point B In RH 100 17 2694 T 238 3 T 17 2694 Dew Point in C 238 3 B 1 B Where RH Relative Humidity T Temperature in C Ln Natural logarithm Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 61 Columbia Weather Systems Columbia Weather Systems Inc 5285 NE Elam Young Parkway Suite C100 Hillsboro OR 97124 Telephone 503 629 0887 Fax 503 629 0898 Web Site http www columbiaweather com Email info columbiaweather com Catalog Number 81655 Version 2 03 Printed in U S A Columbia Weather Systems Inc
15. available as a spare component To order a replacement module please use catalog no 9581 Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 17 Rainfall Measurement Rainfall is measured with an impact sensor which detects the size and impact of individual rain drops The signals resulting from the impacts are proportional to the volume of the drops Hence the signal from each drop can be converted directly to the accumulated rainfall This measurement method eliminates flooding and clogging as well as wetting and evaporation losses The sensor transmitter uses RAINCAP sensor 2 technology in precipitation measurement The precipitation sensor is comprised of a steel cover and a piezoelectric sensor mounted on the bottom surface of the cover The precipitation sensor detects the impact of individual raindrops The signals from the impact are proportional to the volume of the drops Advanced noise filtering technique is used to filter out signals originating from other sources than raindrops The measured parameter is accumulated rainfall Detection of each individual drop enables computing of rain amount with high resolution Columbia Weather Systems Inc 18 Orion 420 Weather Station Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 19 SECTION 2 PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION Orion Sensor Transmitter The Orion Sensor Transmitter is an all in one sensor unit containing ultrasonic wind speed and direction s
16. ctrostatic Discharge ESD can cause immediate or latent damage to electronic circuits Vaisala products are adequately protected against ESD for their intended use However it is possible to damage the product by delivering electrostatic discharges when touching removing or inserting any objects inside the equipment housing To avoid delivering high static voltages yourself 1 Handle ESD sensitive components on a properly grounded and protected ESD workbench When this is not possible ground yourself with a wrist strap and a resistive connection cord to the equipment chassis before touching the boards When neither of the above is possible at least touch a conductive part of the equipment chassis with your other hand before touching the boards 2 Always hold the boards by the edges and avoid touching the component contacts Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 7 Table of Contents WELCOM eee eee eae ae ee eo ee nen ee 3 IMPORTANT NOTICE SHIPPING DAMAGE 5 ESD PROTECTION a e E ute oaaclaiecupetanated 6 SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 11 THE ORION 420 WEATHER STATION ccccccccececececcceececccecceccececeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 11 SPECIFICATIONS airus ona a E a E E N eeareanes 12 OCTANE CONDIMONS 2 iii oes e E E ENSA 12 Wind SC CO ct cesierisise tees esciea ea vase cdanetncne cute useueses a Tiaia cetaecanunvacumebotmertnms 12 Wind DIECO nene a E E 12 kelanve umid
17. e 47 FACTORY CALIBRATION AND REPAIR SERVICE ccccccceceeceeccececeeeceeeeeeeeeees 48 SECTION 8 TROUBLESHOOTING 49 Loss of communication with Orion sensor module ccccccc cee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 50 Wind measurement Jaure in ee ae ie 50 Pressure humidity and temperature measurement failure 000000nnnnn 50 SECTION 9 USER SUPPORT INFORMATION 31 LIMITED WARRANTY eei a S E ds Naat aoe oon 51 TEX CLUSION S aoan E E itasenec vars atlas eendeeaeeeetn Jd RETURN FOR REPAIR PROCEDURE gratiini aE T T TA a2 2 DYE Fone 0a ne ne an i 54 GLOSSARI aar E A E ttc 54 Aspirating Radiation SUICIG ssssisscedssenasiearabrragenedeisis leeds 54 DOV OMEMICH FOSSIL Ceo wera uses e a E NRE 54 Celius POMPE rare SCO lOar e E tine E EEE 54 DEWT OE oie EEE EEEE AT E O A 54 DOSY FU AC seis EE EE EAEE 54 Fahrenheit Temperature SCalensiisei ori iaratn ENEA E EE Tta 54 Global ROUA ON sori EEEE Ei TE EEA A NA 55 Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 9 LAGI bel 2 ee err een RD Rett OD REDON AT TETAS TONS DRONE HR PRIA OMEN PEE De Pte ON TEE Set RPE Pn aE TE 55 T ITONO lO T ier r iE as tours vente ices seegiloteses bails EE E E sd Deltamiran santas oe IROUVAIIV TAMING cise EEEE E E EE O EON EE i 55 SEA LEVEL P TOSSUT O TA EEE ve es tere EN ee 55 SAT RAGUN O eE E EEE NE E T E 55 Wina CE eE T A E A EATE ETT 55 UNT CONVERSION seietan E A A 56 SPCC IP E E TE 56 TCI CT ITC AEE TE ETOT EA
18. eather Station 31 Installing the Surge Arrestor 2 7 1in 69mm 2 28in 58mm j 3 7in 94mm Pole mast 4 7in 120mm Fastener LJ Line cable Device cable max 3 meters 16 mm copper wire Steel strip Attach the unit to the mast close to the weather sensor with the adjustable mounting clamp see figure above Slide the steel strip beneath the latch on the back of the enclosure Wrap the steel strip around the pole mast You may shorten the strip to a suitable length Loosen the fastener by backing up the screw half way Attach the steel strip ends to the fastener by latching the fastener to a hole on the strip and folding it over Tighten the fastener s screw in order to secure the unit to the pole Ground the unit using an AWG 6 16 mm copper wire Columbia Weather Systems Inc 32 Orion 420 Weather Station Connecting the Sensor Transmitter to the Orion 420 Enclosure Using a 1 Straight Slot screwdriver attach the wires from the end of the sensor cable to the terminal block screws as shown below White amp Bare Sensor Cable For heated sensor transmitters connect the brown wire along with the red wire to position 1 and connect the blue wire along with the white and bare to terminal 2 Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 W
19. eather Station 33 Connecting the 420 Enclosure to the PLC 4 20mA cables are user supplied The 4 20mA converters source power to the load r 4 20 mA Outputs 4 20 mA Outputs__ Ch8 ch ch6 Ch5 Ch4 Ch3 Ch2 cht 4 f f 4 f 4 f vz ez zz oz Gl 8i Ll 9 vllel belez ez i loz ell all ul a a he fa 5 Ps a 5 A 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 gt G gt J gt 3 s gt 35 gt 3 gt 38 gt Ch8 Ch7 Ch Ch5 Ch4 Ch3 Ch2 Ch1 Rain Rainfall Wind Barometric Humidity Temp Wind Wind Intensity Peak Pressure Speed Direction Ch1 Wind Direction Ch5 Barometric Pressure Range 0 to 360 degrees Range 17 to 33 inches Hg Ch2 Wind Speed Ch6 Peak Wind Speed Range 0 to 135 mph Range 0 to 135 mph Ch3 Temperature Ch7 Rainfall Range 60 to 140 F Range 0 to 10 inches Ch4 Relative Humidity Ch8 Rain Intensity Range 0 to 100 Range 0 to 8 inches hour Columbia Weather Systems Inc 34 Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station Orion 420 Weather Station 35 SECTION 4 OPTIONAL MOUNTING HARDWARE Sensor Mast 10 foot steel mast available for use with Roof Mount Hardware Kit Part No 88002 or Wall Mounting Kit Part No 88003 Roof Mounting The Roof Mounting Kit Part No 88002 is suitable for both a slanted and flat roof installation The figure and table below illustrates and describes the individual parts Descript
20. enclosure to the PLC Unpacking the Unit The sensor transmitter comes in a custom shipping container Be careful when removing the device CAUTION Beware of damaging any of the wind transducers located at the top of the three antennas Dropping the device can break or damage the transducers If the antenna bends or twists the re aligning can be difficult or impossible Unpack the Orion 420 weather station and verify that all parts are included 1 Standard system includes LI Orion Sensor Transmitter LI 50 ft sensor cable additional cable length if ordered Q Orion 420 Weatherproof Enclosure Q User Manual Inspect all system components for obvious shipping damage Refer to Important Notice Shipping Damage in case of damage Save the shipping carton and packing material in case the unit needs to be returned to the factory If the system does not operate or calibrate properly see Section 6 Maintenance and Section 7 Troubleshooting for further instructions Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 27 Installing the Mast There are three acceptable methods for mounting the mast to a roof or building structure Sloped roof mounting flat roof mounting or wall mounting See Optional Sensor Mounting Hardware for more information Location Do not attach the sensor transmitter to a radio transmitting mast or tower Select a mounting location that will allow the sensor cable to be routed away f
21. ensor temperature sensor relative humidity sensor barometric pressure sensor and an impact rain sensor The temperature relative humidity and barometric pressure sensors are combined in a single module housed in a self aspirating radiation shield Sensor Transmitter Components 1 Top of the transmitter 2 Radiation Shield 3 Bottom of the transmitter 4 Screw cover Columbia Weather Systems Inc 20 Orion 420 Weather Station Cut Away View 1 Wind Transducers 3 pcs 2 Precipitation Sensor 3 Pressure sensor inside the Sensor Module 4 Humidity and temperature sensor inside the Sensor Module Bottom of the Transmitter 1 Alignment direction sign 2 Service port 3 Watertight cable gland 4 Unused cable gland covered 5 Optional M12 connector Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 21 Mounting Adapter To facilitate easy installation and north alignment the Orion Sensor Transmitter comes standard with a mounting adapter The mounting adapter is easily connected to the end of the mast and the sensor transmitter simply snaps into it The north alignment needs to be performed only once Internal Terminal Block The sensor transmitter is shipped with a one 1 foot cable terminated by an 8 pin connector half This cable is connected to the sensor transmitter at the factory via a terminal block 1 Grounding jumper remove for ship marine applications Columbia Weather
22. ges In the event of operator repair or replacement this warranty shall cover neither the advisability of the repair undertaken nor the sufficiency of the repair itself THIS DOCUMENT REFLECTS THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE UNDERSTANDING OF THE PARTIES AND EXCEPT AS OTHERWISE PROVIDED HEREIN ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED PARTICULARLY THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANT ABILITY AND OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE EXCLUDED Columbia Weather Systems Inc 52 Orion 420 Weather Station This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state Return for Repair Procedure 1 In the event of defects or damage to your unit first call the Service Department Monday through Friday 8 30 am to 4 00 pm PST 503 629 0887 to determine the advisability of factory repair The Service Department will issue an RMA number Return Merchandise Authorization to help us identify the package when received Please write that number on the outside of the box 2 In the event factory service is required return your Orion Weather Station as follows A Packing Wrap the Sensor Transmitter in a plastic bag first Pack in original shipping carton or a sturdy oversized carton Use plenty of packing material B Include A brief description of the problem with all known symptoms Your telephone number Your return street shipping address UPS will not deliver to a P O box
23. interfaces to other industrial systems WeatherMaster utilizes Microsoft Access database for easy data access and manipulation Please refer to the WeatherMaster user manual for installation and operation procedures Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 47 SECTION 7 MAINTENANCE This chapter contains instructions for the basic maintenance of the sensor transmitter Cleaning To ensure the accuracy of measurement results the sensor transmitter should be cleaned when it becomes contaminated Leaves and other such particles should be removed from the precipitation sensor and the transmitter should be cleaned carefully with a soft lint free cloth moistened with mild detergent Replacing the PTU Module Note Avoid contacting the white filter cap with your hands Handle the PTU module from the plastic connector base 5 yf 1 Disconnect Orion sensor connector from cable and remove from mounting adapter 2 Loosen the three screws at the bottom of sensor and slide out completely as shown below Columbia Weather Systems Inc 48 Orion 420 Weather Station Remove the base section and disconnect the flat ribbon cable Pull out the top of the sensor Release the small white flap and remove the PTU module Oy 3G a R Connect a new PTU module replace the top re connect the flat ribbon cable replace the base and tighten the three bottom SCrews 7 Re install on mounting adapter and reconnect cab
24. ion Ref Qty Part No Steel mast 10 ft 1 1 88005 Universal Mast Anchor 2 1 88010 Lag Screw Roof Mast Mount 3 4 88030 1 4 x 2 1 4 for comp roofs Guy Wire Clamp 1 8 4 1 88070 Columbia Weather Systems Inc 36 Orion 420 Weather Station Steel Guy Wire Galvanized 6 5Oft 88080 Eye Bolt Wood Screws 1 4 x 3 7 4 88090 Turnbuckles 6 open x 4 closed not shown 3 88100 Wall Mounting The figure and table below illustrates and describes the individual parts in the Wall Mounting Kit Catalog No 88003 Individual parts are also available Description Ref Qty Part No Mast 10 ft 1 1 88005 4 Wall Mount Bracket 9 2 88120 Lag Screw 3 4 88030 Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 37 EYE BOLT SCREW UNIVERSAL MAST ANCHOR GUY WIRE CLAMP 4 WALL MOUNT BRACKET Columbia Weather Systems Inc 38 Orion 420 Weather Station Telescoping Tripod and Tiedown Kit The tripod is designed to provide up to 10 feet of stable secure support for your meteorological sensors Constructed from welded aluminum and powder coated for appearance and longevity the 15 pound tripod can easily support up to 60 pounds of equipment An optional tie down kit allows for additional security in high wind areas To install insert the legs into the main body and secure with stainless steel retainer pins Extend the mast to the desired height and insert another retainer pin Install the guy w
25. ires to complete the set up Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 39 Tripod Parts List Description Body Mast Assembly Legs Retainer Pins Guy Wire Ring with 3 Wires and Turnbuckles O1 Anchor Screw with Chain Clamp with Strap 6 1 Specifications Capacity Supports up to 60 Ibs Shipping Weight 17 lbs Shipping Box Dimensions 71 x 9 x 9 Tripod and Tiedown Kit Catalog Number 88019 Columbia Weather Systems Inc 40 Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station Orion 420 Weather Station 41 SECTION 5 OPERATION The Orion 420 outputs the following 8 parameters in 4 20 mA current signals Channel 1 Wind Direction Description Instantaneous wind direction Range 0 to 360 degrees Channel 2 Wind Speed Description Instantaneous wind speed Range 0 to 135 mph Channel 3 Temperature Description Instantaneous temperature Range 60 to 140 F Channel 4 Relative Humidity Description Instantaneous relative humidity Range 0 to 100 Channel 5 Barometric Pressure Description Instantaneous barometric pressure Range 17 to 33 inches Hg Channel 6 Peak Wind Speed Description Maximum wind speed in the last 1 second interval Range 0 to 135 mph Channel 7 Rainfall Description 0 001 inches rain accumulation The sensor internal counter will reset to zero inches when rainfall accumulation reaches 10 00 inches or when power t
26. lable RH Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 13 Temperature Range 60 to 140 F 52 to 60 C Accuracy 0 5 F 0 3 C at 68 F 20 C Resolution 0 1 F Units Available F C AC F F E Dnt i aa az ey He HeH M 0 4 Hama C C o pa ERN tee e poeta eet me i a aaf Lt Tt ig Se ase GS EEN a N pf eee RN IRA ROE Ran EEE ee A A A o d A D M Barometric Pressure Range 17 50 to 32 50 InHg 600 to 1100 hPa Accuracy 0 015 InHg 0 5 hPa at 32 to 86 F 0 to 30 C 0 03 InHg 1 hPa at 60 to 140 F 52 to 60 C Resolution 0 01 InHg 0 1 hPa Units Available Koa mbar InHg Precipitation Range cumulative Collection Area 602cm Accuracy 5 spatial variations may exist Resolution 0 01 in 0 254mm Units Available mm inches Input Voltage The Orion 420 is powered with an internal switching power supply Input 120 240 VAC 60 Hz Columbia Weather Systems Inc 14 Orion 420 Weather Station Sensor Housing Protection class IP66 with mounting adapter Materials Polycarbonate 20 glass fiber stainless steel AISI 316 Weight 650 g 1 48 Ibs Heating Power Source Input 5 to 30 VDC 1 1 A at 12 VDC Serial to Analog Converters Analog Range 4 20 mA Current sourcing Accuracy at 25 C 0 1 of range Maximum load 600 ohms Output reaction time 0 40 ms DA Conversion 12 bits resolution 4096 Cu
27. le connector Factory Calibration and Repair Service Send the device to Columbia Weather Systems Inc for calibration and adjustment see Section 9 USER SUPPORT INFORMATION for more information Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station SECTION 8 TROUBLESHOOTING This chapter describes common problems their probable causes and remedies 49 Wind measurement failure Both the speed and direction sensors are not reporting correct data Pressure humidity or temperature measurement failure Loss of communication from Orion sensor module Blockage trash leaves branches bird nests between the wind transducers Check that the wind transducers are not damaged PTU module may not be properly connected There may be water in the PTU module Blown fuse Poor cable connection Surge protector tripped Remove the blockage Ensure the proper connection of the PTU module Remove and dry the module Check the Interface Module fuse replace if needed Check all cable connections between sensor and optional monitoring device Columbia Weather Systems Inc 50 Orion 420 Weather Station Loss of communication with Orion sensor module Check the Interface Module If the Green Power LED and Red Power LED are off then it is possible that the fuse has blown Disconnect power and then remove the four screws on the front panel of the Interface Module to check the f
28. ling the Mounting Adapter 1 Insert the mounting adapter in the transmitter bottom side as shown in the diagram above 2 Turn the adapter firmly until you feel that it has snapped into the locked position 3 Align the transmitter in such a way that the arrow at the bottom of the transmitter points to north see North Alignment 4 Tighten the fixing screw to fix the adapter firmly to the mast Columbia Weather Systems Inc 30 Orion 420 Weather Station North Alignment To help with alignment there is an arrow and text North on the bottom of the transmitter The transmitter should be aligned in such a way that this arrow points to the north Wind direction can be referenced to true north which uses the earth s geographic meridians or magnetic north which is read with a magnetic compass The magnetic declination is the difference in degrees between the true north and magnetic north Compass Alignment 1 Ifthe sensor transmitter is already mounted loosen the fixing screw on the mounting adapter 2 Use acompass to determine that the transducer heads are exactly in line with the compass and that the arrow on the bottom of the transmitter points to north 3 Tighten the fixing screw on the mounting adapter when done Once the sensor transmitter is aligned to north the transmitter can be removed from the mounting adapter without losing the north orientation Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 W
29. ltrasonic paths The computed wind speeds are independent of altitude temperature and humidity which are cancelled out when the transit times are measured in both directions although the individual transit times depend on these parameters Using Vw values of two array paths is enough to compute wind speed and wind direction A signal processing technique is used so that wind speed and wind direction are calculated from the two array paths of best quality The wind speed is represented as a scalar speed in selected units m s kt mph km h The wind direction is expressed in degrees The wind Columbia Weather Systems Inc 16 Orion 420 Weather Station direction reported indicates the direction that the wind comes from North is represented as 0 east as 90 south as 180 and west as 270 The wind direction is not calculated when the wind speed drops below 0 05 m s In this case the last calculated direction output remains until the wind speed increases again to the level of 0 05 m s The average values of wind speed and direction are calculated as a scalar average of all samples over the selected averaging time 1 900 s The sample count is based on a 4 Hz sampling rate The minimum and maximum values of wind speed and direction represent the corresponding extremes during the averaging time Pressure Temperature and Relative Humidity PTU Module Barometric pressure temperature and humidity measurements are
30. o the sensor is lost Range 0 to 10 00 inches Channel 8 Rain Intensity Description Instantaneous rain intensity Running one minute average in 10 second steps Range 0 to 8 inches hour Columbia Weather Systems Inc 42 Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station Orion 420 Weather Station 43 SECTION 6 MONITORING OPTIONS In addition to the 4 20mA outputs the Orion 420 system can be configured to connect to optional weather monitoring devices Columbia Weather Systems Inc 44 Orion 420 Weather Station Weather Display Console Optional Trend Min Max Configure Backlight Displays weather information Designed to be viewed clearly from a distance Industrial grade WVGA touchscreen Seven inch TFT color LCD panel with 800 x 480 pixel resolution Performs computations for wind chill heat index and other calculated parameters 200MHz ARM9 CPU Serial or Ethernet connection Connects directly to weather station with serial port or connects to a Weather MicroServer over a network utilizing an existing Ethernet infrastructure no extra wiring The MicroServer configuration also allows for data from one weather station to be monitored from multiple display consoles at various locations Screens can be factory customized to meet specialized market and industry requirements The Weather Display is also available in a 19 rack mount chassis and a panel mount configurati
31. on Please refer to the Weather Display Console user manual for more information Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 45 Weather MicroServer Optional The Weather MicroServer uses a small computer board that runs an embedded Linux operating system The MicroServer has 32MB flash memory for operation and 8 GB SD card for data logging The Orion transmitter connects to the MicroServer via COM1 The MicroServer has two RS 232 COM ports and an Ethernet port The MicroServer offers the following XML Weather Data FTP weather data in XML or CSV format Modbus TCP Modbus RTU Serial RS 232 and Modbus ASCII interfaces SNMP interface Weather Underground amp Anything Weather interface CWOP interface Three months of data logging at 1 minute interval Interface to optional visibility and solar radiation sensors Columbia Weather Systems Inc 46 Orion 420 Weather Station WeatherMaster Software Optional Weather Master 2000 File Options Configuration Help Weather Station yaaa ri F Display Wind Curent Conditions Trend Min Max Statistics z Weather Station Oron r x Display Wind Curent Conditions Trend Min Max Statistics WeatherMaster is professional grade weather monitoring software This software package is designed for specialized markets that require robust weather calculations interoperability with computer models and data
32. on Group for temperature Indices JAG TI JAG TI s goal is to upgrade and standardize the index for temperature extremes internationally e g Wind chill Index The current formula uses advances in science technology and computer modeling to provide a more accurate understandable and useful formula for calculating the dangers from winter winds and freezing temperatures Temperature F Calm 40 5 Oo 5 10 Wind mph 9 8 7 6 5 4 4 3 Frostbite Times C 30 minutes E 10 minutes C 5 minutes Wind Chill F 35 74 0 6215T 35 75 V 16 0 427 5T V 165 Where T Air Temperature F V Wind Speed mph Effective 11 01 01 Columbia Weather Systems Inc 58 Orion 420 Weather Station Wind Chill Temperature Comparison Old vs New Air Temperature of 53 F ue Jj i le bie ae dh b rE G H i a i i be gad RJ 5 8 B8 amp a G a i J d Chill Tem Win mi l ki Fie i si Pe i Li RS Old Wind Chill Formula j Vind Chill Formula L a Wind Chill Equation WC 35 74 0 6215 T 35 75 V 0 4275 T v Where WC wind chill temperature in F V wind velocity in mph T air temperature in F Note Wind chill Temperature is only defined for temperatures at or below 50 degrees F and wind speeds above 3 mph Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 59 Heat Index Temper
33. rom other data cables to avoid interference Do not mount sensors close to power lines For normal roof mounting the recommended minimum distance from power lines is 25 ft 8 m Use extreme caution when working close to power lines Mounting Method Choose the appropriate mounting method for the installation and obtain any necessary mounting hardware Refer to Optional Sensor Mounting Hardware section for information on optional sensor mounting hardware and accessories which are available from the factory If the mounting hardware is not obtained from the factory be certain to use metal parts which are plated or galvanized to assure maximum longevity Secure the mast to the roof using guy wires with sufficient tensile strength or to building wall using a wall mount hardware kit Routing Cable Use plastic tie wraps to secure the cable to mast particularly at the mast base Tighten the tie wraps securely and clip off any excess length with a wire cutter tool Once the Orion sensor transmitter has been placed route the cable back to the weatherproof enclosure CAUTION There may be electric wires in the wall When routing cable through walls we recommend that you shut off the electricity in the room s where you are drilling Any mast or tower should always be properly earth grounded to minimize electrical storm damage The use of a properly grounded metal mast or tower however does not insure protection from electrostatic
34. rrent Consumption 30 mA to 120 mA Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 15 Principles of Measurements Wind Measurement Both wind speed and direction are measured using advanced ultrasonic technology The sensor utilizes ultrasound to determine horizontal wind readings The array of three equally spaced ultrasonic transducers on a horizontal plane is an ideal design that ensures accurate wind measurement from all directions without blind angles or corrupted readings The wind sensor has no moving parts which makes it virtually maintenance free Wind speed and wind directions are determined by measuring the time it takes the ultrasound to travel from each transducer to the other two The wind sensor measures the transit time in both directions along the three paths established by the array of transducers This transit time depends on the wind speed along the ultrasonic path For zero wind speed both the forward and reverse transit times are the same With wind along the sound path the up wind direction transit time increases and the down wind transit time decreases The wind speed is calculated from the measured transit times using the following formula Vw 0 5x Lx 1 t 1 tr where Vw Wind speed L Distance between the two transducers t Transit time in forward direction t Transit time in reverse direction Measuring the six transit times allows Vw to be computed for each of the three u
35. use Check all weatherproof cable connectors between the Orion sensor and any optional monitoring device e g MicroServer Display Console Look for broken or damaged pins also inspect the cables connectors for water intrusion If a surge protector was purchased and installed an electrical event may have tripped the surge To determine if this is the reason for loss of communication bypass the surge protector reconnect the cables and then check to see if communication has been reestablished To purchase a replacement surge protector please call 1 503 629 0887 and reference Catalog No 8355 Wind measurement failure If both the wind speed and direction sensors are not reporting correct data check to see if a blockage trash leaves branches bird nests exists between the wind transducers If this is the case remove the blockage and check to see if the wind reports have continued Also check to see if the wind transducers are damaged If they are damaged please follow the Return for Repair Procedure in Section 10 Pressure humidity and temperature measurement failure The PTU module may not be properly connected Ensure the proper connection of the PTU module by following the Replacing PTU module procedure in Section 8 There may be water in the PTU module Remove and dry the module before reconnecting the sensor Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 51 SECTION 9 USER SUPPORT INFORMATION
36. with the Orion Surge Protector This compact transient overvoltage suppressor is designed for weather Stations in areas with an elevated risk of lightning strikes such as the top of high buildings or installations with cable lengths greater than 100 feet e Superior 3 stage surge protection e Tolerates up to 10kA surge currents e Both differential and common mode protection on each channel e Filtering against HF and RF noise e Two power channels and two data channels e Environmental protection class IP66 Catalog Number 8355 Includes adjustable mounting kit Columbia Weather Systems Inc Orion 420 Weather Station 25 SECTION 3 INSTALLATION Weather Station System Configurations 4 20 mA Converter Wind Direction Wind Speed Temperature Relative Humidity Power Supply 4 20 mA Converter Barometric Pressure Peak Wind Speed Rainfall RS 232 Serial Output Rain Intensity Power Supply l a E J a f C m WeatherMaster Software O O Available as an option Weatherproof Enclosure f a O Lo o a2 O O O oj f 0l wn 8 4 20 mA signal cables PLC Power 120 240 VAC RS 232 Cable Columbia Weather Systems Inc 26 Orion 420 Weather Station Installation Overview Unpacking the System Installing the Mast Installing the Sensor Transmitter Installing the Surge Arrestor Installing the Orion 420 Weatherproof Enclosure Connecting the Sensor Transmitter to the enclosure Connecting the
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