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Chapter KeyTerms - Caperton Center for Applied Technology

1. Practical Extraction and Report Language scripting language developed at NASA s Jet Propulsion Laboratory as a procedural language similar to C and C PHP Hypertext Preprocessor free open source scripting language Programmed Inquiry Learning Or Teaching programming language used to write computer aided instruction programs Programming Language One business and scientific programming language that combines many features of FORTRAN and COBOL Process used in a do until control structure that tests a condition at the end of the loop Powerful program development RAD tool developed by Sybase that is best suited for Web based NET and large scale enterprise object oriented applications Scripting language developed at NASA s Jet Propulsion Laboratory as a procedural language similar to C and C Process used in a do while control structure that tests a condition at the beginning of the loop Type of programming language in which a programmer writes instructions that tell the computer what to accomplish and how to do it using a series of English like words to write instructions See also third generation language 3GL Web site element that collects data from site visitors who fill in blank fields and then click a button that sends the information Often simply called a form Series of steps programmers use to build computer programs Series of steps programmers use to build computer programs consisting of six ste
2. Special type of expansion slot in desktop notebook and mobile computers that holds a PC Card High speed expansion bus that connects higher speed devices Expansion bus that expands on and doubles the speed of the original PCI bus Family of Intel processors used by less expensive basic PCs Device that connects to a system unit and is controlled by the processor in the computer Concept in which the processor begins fetching a second instruction before it completes the machine cycle for the first instruction Technology that gives a computer the capability to configure adapter cards and other peripherals automatically as a user installs them Point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates with a system unit so it can send data to or receive information from the computer External device that attaches to a mobile computer to provide connections to peripherals through ports built into the replicator Component of the system unit that converts wall outlet AC power to the DC power that is used by a computer Electronic component on a computer s motherboard that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer See also central processing unit CPU Blank ROM chip on which a programmer can write permanently Chip with four separate processor cores Type of memory that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices Programs and data are loaded into RAM from storage devi
3. Special high speed parallel port to which peripherals such as disk drives and printers can be attached Synchronous DRAM type of RAM much faster than DRAM that is synchronized to the system clock Type of interface that connects a device to the system unit by transmitting data one bit at a time Type of memory module that has pins on opposite sides of the circuit board that connect together to form a single set of contacts SIMMs typically hold SDRAM chips Adapter card that enhances the sound generating capabilities of a personal computer by allowing sound to be input through a microphone and output through external speakers or headset Type of RAM that is faster and more reliable than any variation of DRAM Concept of using memory to store both data and programs Processor operation that writes a result to memory Term describing processors that can execute more than one instruction per clock cycle Peripheral or chip that creates sound from digital instructions Name sometimes used for the motherboard See also motherboard Bus that is part of the motherboard and connects the processor to main memory See also front side bus FSB Small quartz crystal circuit that is used by the processor to control the timing of all computer operations Case that contains the electronic components of a computer that are used to process data New type of processor that integrates the functions of a processor memory and a video card o
4. Computer or network attack whose goal ranges from disabling a government s computer network to crippling a country Set of steps that can convert readable plaintext into unreadable ciphertext See also encryption algorithm More devastating type of denial of service attack in which a zombie army is used to attack multiple computer networks Process of deciphering encrypted data into a readable form Assault on a computer or network whose purpose is to disrupt computer access to an Internet service such as the Web or e mail See also DoS attack A notice that guarantees a user or a Web site is legitimate The discovery collection and analysis of evidence found on computers and networks See also computer forensics cyberforensics or network forensics Strategy designed to prevent illegal distribution of movies music and other digital content Encrypted code that a person Web site or organization attaches to an electronic message to verify the identity of the message sender Assault on a computer or network whose purpose is to disrupt computer access to an Internet service such as the Web or e mail See also denial of service attack Strategy designed to prevent illegal distribution of movies music and other digital content See also digital rights management Service that blocks e mail messages from designated sources Spoofing that occurs when the sender s address or other components of the e mail header are altered so
5. Type of programming language in which a programmer writes English like instructions or interacts with a graphical environment to retrieve data from files or a database Database item that contains data as well as the actions that read or process the data Machine language version of a program that results from compiling a 3GL source program See also object program Machine language version of a program that results from compiling a 3GL source program See also object code Design approach in which a programmer packages the data and program or procedure into a single unit an object Programming language used to implement an object oriented design Term that refers to a language anyone can use without purchasing a license Programming language developed to teach students structured programming concepts named in honor of Blaise Pascal a French mathematician who developed one of the Chapter 13 Page 64 Perl PHP PILOT PL I posttest PowerBuilder Practical Extraction and Report Language pretest procedural language processing form program development program development life cycle PDLC program development tool program flowchart program logic programmer programming language programming team Prolog pseudocode RAD Rails rapid application development repetition control structure report writer Restructured Extended Executor Rexx RoR RPG earliest calculating machines
6. comparison and other operations Continuous wave form signals Component of a processor that performs arithmetic comparison and other operations Basic calculations such as addition subtraction multiplication and division American Standard Code for Information Interchange the most widely used coding system to represent data Bus that connects the processor to cache Term used to refer to a device s capability of supporting older devices as well as newer devices Opening inside the system unit in which additional equipment can be installed The smallest unit of data a computer can process See also bit Number system used by computers that has just two unique digits 0 and 1 called bits The smallest unit of data a computer can process Bit is short for binary digit Network standard specifically a protocol that defines how two Bluetooth devices use short range radio waves to transmit data Adapter that will convert an existing USB port into a Bluetooth port Electrical channel that transfers electronic bits internally within the circuitry of a computer allowing the devices both inside and attached to the system unit to communicate with each other The size of a bus which determines the number of bits that a computer can transmit at one time Eight bits that are grouped together as a unit A byte provides enough different combinations of Os and 1s to represent 256 individual characters Area of memory that store
7. Short for Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol network standard specifically a protocol that defines how messages data are routed from one end of a network to the other ensuring the data arrives correctly Service that allows users to send and receive short text messages on a smart phone or other mobile device or computer See also SMS short message service Special series of bits that functions like a ticket Network standard in which computers and devices on the network share or pass a special signal called a token in a unidirectional manner and in a preset order Materials or substances capable of carrying one or more signals in a communications channel Transmission media that consists of one or more twisted pair wires bundled together Two separate insulted copper wires that are twisted together Universal Mobile Telecommunications System 3G standard for mobile communications Transmission from an earth based station to a satellite The transfer rate that is achieved when data is being sent over a communications channel Network standard that specifies how two UWB devices use short range radio waves to communicate at high speeds with each other Third party business that provides networking services such as secure data and information transfer storage e mail and management reports Wireless messaging service that allows users to send short video clips usually about 30 seconds in length in addition to all
8. pipelining Plug and Play port port replicator power supply processor PROM programmable read only memory chip quad core processor RAM random access memory RDRAM Small circuit board that houses RAM chips and is held in a memory slot on the motherboard Slots on the motherboard that hold memory modules Instructions programmers use to program a PROM chip Term used by some computer and chip manufacturers to refer to a processor chip for a personal computer See also processor Special type of serial port that connects the system unit to a musical instrument such as an electronic keyboard Main circuit board of the system unit which has some electronic components attached to it and others built into it See also system board Single chip with two or more separate processor cores Software written to support multiple threads Electronic music industry s standard that defines how devices represent sounds electronically One billionth of a second Type of memory that does not lose its contents when a computer s power is turned off One billionth of a second See also nanosecond Processing method that uses multiple processors simultaneously to execute a single program or task in order to speed processing times Thin credit card sized removable flash memory device that primarily is used today to enable traditional notebook computers and Tablet PCs to access the Internet wirelessly Expansion bus for a PC Card
9. programming or systems analysis and design Employee who researches invents and develops innovative solutions to complex software requirements or problems Employee responsible for the security and data and information stored on computers and mobile devices within an organization See also mobile security specialist Provides preventive maintenance component installation and repair services to customers Consists of companies that develop manufacture and support a wide range of software Employee who installs maintains and repairs hardware installs upgrades and configures software and troubleshoots hardware problems Testing technique where the tests analyze a person s responses while taking the test Employee who teaches employees who to use software design and develop systems program and perform other computer related activities Employee who evaluates installs and monitors data and or voice communications equipment and software maintains connections to the Internet and other WANs See also VoIP specialist Employee who creates and maintains the data dictionary manages security and monitors performance of the database Employee who uses modeling techniques and tools to analyze tune and specify data usage within an application area Hardware certification that tests knowledge of computer configuration and installation troubleshooting operating system fundamentals and hardware replacement Employee w
10. word size Number of bits a computer can interpret and execute at a given time Xeon Intel processor used by workstations and low end servers Chapter 4 Page 20 Chapter 5 air mouse Americans with Disabilities Act ADA audio input automated teller machine ATM bar code bar code reader bar code scanner biometric device biometric identifier biometrics charge coupled device Click Wheel cordless keyboard cordless mouse cursor dance pad data collection device digital camera digital pen digital video DV camera digitizer download DVD kiosk enhanced keyboard enhanced resolution ergonomic keyboard Motion sensing mouse that in addition to the typical buttons allows you to control objects media players and slide shows by moving the mouse in predetermined directions through the air Federal law that requires any company with 15 or more employees to make reasonable attempts to accommodate the needs of physically challenged workers Process of entering any sound such as speech music and sound effects into the computer Special purpose terminal connected to a host computer through a network that functions as a self service banking machine Identification code consisting of either vertical lines and spaces of different widths or a two dimensional pattern of dots squares and other images that represent a manufacturer and an item Optical reader that uses laser beams to read bar
11. ROM Multisession optical disc on which users can write but not erase their own items such as text graphics and audio See also CD R Erasable multisession optical disc on which users can write data instructions and information multiple times See also CD RW Memory card capable of storing between 512 MB and 100 GB of data Device that records images on microfilm and microfiche The vertical section of a hard disk track that passes through all platters Number of bits in an area on a storage medium Extremely high capacity optical disc on which users can read but not write or erase that is capable of storing 4 7 GB to 17 GB of data See also DVD ROM digital versatile disc ROM digital video disc ROM digital video disc read only memory Extremely high capacity optical disc on which users can read but not write or erase that is capable of storing 4 7 GB to 17 GB of data See also DVD ROM digital versatile disc ROM digital video disc ROM Type of data access in which the storage device can locate a particular data item or file immediately without having to move consecutively through items stored in front of the desired data item or file See also random access Memory chips on a hard disk that store frequently accessed items such as data instructions and information Sometimes called a buffer Special purpose chip and electronic circuits that control the transfer of data instructions and information between a disk an
12. a person to listen to an audio file on a computer Program that extends the capability of a browser often used to enhance multimedia See also add on Graphics format that improves upon the GIF format Recorded audio usually an MP3 file stored on a Web site that can be downloaded to a Chapter 2 Page 8 POP3 portal Post Office Protocol pull push real time Really Simple Syndication regional ISP registrar RSS 2 0 satellite Internet service search engine search query search text shopping cart SMTP social networking Web site spam spider spoiler static Web page streaming streaming audio streaming video subject directory subscribe surfing the Web tabbed browsing thread threaded discussion thumbnail top level domain TLD traffic Uniform Resource Locator computer or a portable media player such as an iPod Latest version of Post Office Protocol Web site that offers a variety of Internet services from a single convenient location Communications protocol used by some incoming mail servers Request information from a Web server Process of a Web server sending content to a computer at regular intervals such as current sport scores or weather reports Describes users and the people with whom they are conversing being online at the same time Specification that content aggregators use to distribute content to subscribers See also RSS 2 0 Internet service provide
13. activity Information system that captures and processes data from day to day business activities Complete computer server such as a Web server or network server packed on a single card See also blade servers Measurement of availability Network that provides a mobile user with a secure connection to a company network server as if the user has a private line Practice of sharing or pooling computing resources such as servers and storage devices Secure connection created over the Internet between the user s computer and the company s network Process of collecting data from the Internet as a source for a data warehouse Set of software technologies that allows businesses to create products and B2B business to business interactions over the Internet Software that collects data designed to help organizations make informed decisions regarding their Web presence Defined process that identifies the specific set of steps involved in completing a particular project or business process Program that assists in the management and tracking of all the activities in a business process from start to finish Chapter 14 Page 72 Chapter 15 Friday August 31 2012 10 49 AM Adobe Certified Associate Adobe Certified Expert ACE Adobe Certified Instructor ACI articulation agreement Association for Computing Machinery ACM Association of Information Technology Professionals AITP certification
14. and decides whether it is worth pursuing See also feasibility study Element in a DFD indicated by a circle that transforms an input data flow into an output data flow Analysis and design technique that describes processes that transform inputs into outputs See also structured analysis and design Part of the implementation phase of the system development cycle that follows six steps 1 analyze the requirements 2 design the solution 3 validate the design 4 implement the design 5 test the solution and 6 document the solution Item prepared during program design that identifies the required programs and the relationship among each program as well as the input output and database specifications Record that contains all the documentation and deliverables of a project See also repository Member of a project team who manages and controls the budget and schedule of the project Process of planning scheduling and then controlling the activities during the system development cycle Software that assists in the planning scheduling and controlling of development projects Member of a project team who controls the activities during system development Record that contains all documentation for a single project Record of project elements including goal objectives and expectations of the project required activities time estimates for each activity cost estimates for each activity order of activities and ac
15. and other users can make decisions solve problems supervise activities and track progress Employees responsible for coordinating and controlling an organization s resources Extension of MRP that includes software that helps in scheduling tracking production in real time and monitoring product quality Type of marketing information system that stores and analyzes data gathered from demographics and surveys Information system that serves as a central repository for the tasks of the marketing functional unit Approach to information management in a manufacturing environment that uses software to help monitor and control processes related to production Detailed data in a data dictionary about the data in a database Level of management responsible for implementing the strategic decision of executive management RAID storage design that writes data on two disks at the same time to duplicate the data See also level 1 Server that is placed on a network with the sole purpose of providing storage to users and information systems attached to the network Chapter 14 Page 70 nonmanagement employees office automation office information system OIS online analytical processing OLAP online banking online trading online transaction processing OLTP open operational decision operational management operations optical disc jukebox optical disc server organizing outsourcing personal computer blade per
16. be transmitted Evolution Data Optimized 3G standard Portion of a company s network that allows customers or suppliers of a company to access parts of an enterprise s intranet Recent Ethernet standard with a data transfer rate of 100 Mbps which is ten times faster than the original standard Dozens or hundreds of thin strands of glass or plastic that use light to transmit signals Server that stores and manages files Type of peer to peer network on which users access each other s hard disks and exchange files directly over the Internet See also P2P High speed Internet connection that uses an antenna on a house or business to communicate with a tower location via radio signals T carrier line in which users share a connection to the T1 line with other users Chapter 9 Page 42 FTTB Fiber to the Building FTTH Fiber to the Home FTTP Fiber to the Premises Gigabit Ethernet global positioning system GPS GPRS GPS receiver groupware GSM hardware firewall home network host computer hot spot hub star network intelligent home network intranet IrDA ISDN ISDN modem latency line of sight transmission local area network LAN mashup metropolitan area network MAN microwave station microwaves MIMO MMS multimedia message service mobile TV multiplexing network network architecture network card network interface Type of FTTP that provides extremely
17. clock cycle per second More advanced and faster type of USB See also USB 2 0 Feature that allows you to insert or remove a removable flash memory device and other devices while the computer is running Port that can connect multiple types of devices that require faster data transmission speeds See also FireWire port Electronic component that contains many microscopic pathways capable of carrying electrical current Processors that have an internal design similar to that of Intel processors perform the same functions as Intel processors and can be as powerful but often are less expensive Drive bay that is concealed entirely within the system unit Infrared Data Association network standard used to transmit data wirelessly via infrared IR light waves Port that uses infrared light waves to transmit signals between a wireless device and a computer Intel processor used by workstations and low end servers Term sometimes used to identify an audio or video port Exactly 1 024 bytes A type of memory cache that is built directly into the processor chip with a capacity of 8 KB to 128 KB A type of memory cache that is slightly slower than L1 cache but has a much larger capacity ranging from 64 KB to 16 MB Cache on the motherboard that is separate from the processor A continuous flow of fluid s such as water and glycol that transfers the heated fluid away from the processor cools the liquid then returns the coole
18. codes by using light patterns that pass through the bar code lines See also barcode scanner Optical reader that uses laser beams to read bar codes by using light patterns that pass through the bar code lines See also barcode reader Device that translates a personal characteristic into a digital code that is compared with a digital code stored in a computer Physiological or behavioral characteristic such as fingerprints hand geometry facial features voice signatures and eye patterns Technology of authenticating a person s identity by verifying a personal characteristic Digital camera chip that generates an analog symbol that represents an image Touch sensitive scroll pad on a portable media player that users rotate to browse through song picture or movie lists and press to play or pause media display a menu and other actions Battery powered keyboard that transmits data using wireless technology such as radio waves or infrared light waves See also wireless keyboard Battery powered device that transmits data using wireless technology such as radio waves or infrared light waves See also wireless mouse Symbol on a computer screen usually a blinking vertical bar that indicates where the next character a user types will appear See also insertion point Flat electronic device divided into panels that users press with their feet in response to instructions from a music video game Device that obtains data direct
19. high speed Internet access to small businesses that use fiber optic cables to access the Internet Type of FTTP that provides extremely high speed Internet access for home users via fiber optic cable Dedicated line that uses fiber optic cable to provide extremely high speed Internet access to a user s physical permanent location Ethernet standard with transfer rates of 1Gbps 1 billion bits per second Navigation system that consists of one or more earth based receivers that accept and analyze signals sent by satellites in order to determine the receiver s geographic location General Packet Radio Service 3G standard for mobile communications Handheld mountable or embedded device that contains an antenna or radio receiver and a processor Software that helps groups of people work together on projects and share information over a network Global System for Mobile Communications 3G standard for mobile communications Built in feature in routers that prevents unauthorized users from accessing files and computers in a network Network consisting of multiple devices and computers connected together in a home Computer that controls access to the hardware software and other resources on a network and provides a centralized storage area for programs data and information See also server Wireless network that provides Internet connections to mobile computers and other devices The device that provides a common central con
20. in a class diagram Formal review of any system development deliverable Test performed during the program development cycle that verifies an application works with other applications Organization that provides assistance via the telephone or the Web to organizations and individuals that need help with computer security plans Company that provides Web hosting services that include managing shopping carts inventory and credit card processing Employee typically hired based on computer expertise who provides computer services to his or her clients Lengthy structured group meetings in which users and IT professionals work together to design or develop an application See also focus groups Technical chart that contains programming like notations for data items Activity in the system development cycle that involves three major activities 1 study how the current system works 2 determine the users wants needs and requirements and 3 recommend a solution See also detailed analysis Procedure in an object that contains the activities that read or manipulate the data See also operation Sample of the input or output that contains actual data Systems analyst who acts as leader during a JAD session Database item that contains data as well as the actions that read or process the data Analysis and design technique that combines data with the processes that act on that data into a single unit called an object See
21. or network without permission Use of a computer or its data for unapproved or possibly illegal activities Electrical disturbance that occurs when the electrical supply drops Safety specification that allows no more than 500 maximum volts to pass through an electrical line Device that contains surge protection circuits and one or more batteries that can provide power during a temporary or permanent loss of power Unique combination of characters such as letters of the alphabet or numbers that Chapter 11 Page 54 user name virtual private network VPN virus virus definition virus hoax virus signature war driving war flying Web bug Web filtering software Wi Fi Protected Access WPA worm zombie zombie army identifies one specific user See also user name Unique combination of characters such as letters of the alphabet and or numbers that identifies a specific user Network that provides a mobile user with a secure connection to a company network server as if the user has a private line Potentially damaging computer program that affects or infects a computer negatively by altering the way the computer works without the user s knowledge or permission Known specific pattern of virus code See also virus signature E mail message that warns users of a nonexistent virus or other malware Known specific pattern of virus code See also virus definition Intrusion technique in which an individual a
22. page See also URL and Uniform Resource Locator Web site that allows users to access and interact with software through a Web browser on any computer or device that is connected to the Internet See also Web application Web site that allows users to access and interact with software through a Web browser on any computer or device that is connected to the Internet See also Web app Application software that allows users to access and view Web pages See also browser Electronic document on the Web which can contain text graphics animation audio and video and often has built in connections to other documents Development and maintenance of Web pages Computer that delivers requested Web pages to a computer Collection of related Web pages and associated items stored on a Web server Informal Web site consisting of time stamped articles or posts in a diary or journal format usually listed in reverse chronological order See also blog Internet Explorer feature that enables content aggregators to mark sections of their Web page as feeds to which user can subscribe Short for wireless fidelity Type of broadband Internet connection that uses radio signals to provide high speed Internet connections to compatible or properly equipped wireless computers and devices Collaborative Web site that allows users to create add to modify or delete the Web site content via their Web browser Company that provides wireless Internet access
23. particular task Worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses government agencies educational institutions and individuals Technology that allows mobile devices to connect to the Internet wirelessly Portable personal computer often designed to fit on your lap See also notebook computer Process of a computer copying a program from storage to memory Large expensive powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously storing tremendous amounts of data instructions and information Electronic components in a computer that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions Blog that allows users to publish short messages usually between 100 and 200 characters for others to read Personal computer that a user can carry from place to place Computing device small enough for a user to hold in his or her hand Users who work on a computer while away from a main office home office or school Any application that combines text graphics audio and video Type of notebook computer that is smaller lighter and often not as powerful as a Chapter 1 Page 2 network neural network notebook computer online online banking online investing online social network operating system output device PC compatible PDA personal computer personal digital assistant photo sharing community picture message podcast p
24. password payload personal firewall personal identification number PIN pharming phishing phishing filter piracy plaintext possessed object power surge power usage effectiveness PUE Pretty Good Privacy PGP private key encryption product activation proxy server public key encryption quarantine real time location system RTLS repetitive strain injury RSI restore rootkit script kiddie deliberately alter a computer s operations The discovery collection and analysis of evidence found on computers and networks See also computer forensics cyberforensics or digital forensics Electrical disturbance that can degrade communications Type of UPS device that switches to battery power when a problem occurs in the power line See also standby UPS Location separate from a computer site Web site that evaluates a computer to check for Internet and e mail vulnerabilities Type of UPS device that always runs off a battery which provides continuous protection Electrical disturbance that occurs when the incoming electrical power increases significantly above the normal 120 volts See also power surge Term used in three generation backups to refer to the second oldest copy of the file Private combination of words often containing mixed capitalization and punctuation associated with a user name that allows access to certain computer resources Private combination of characters associa
25. per photo Duplicate of a file program or disk placed on a separate storage medium that can be used if the original is lost damaged or destroyed High capacity DVD recordable format High capacity rewritable DVD format Newer expensive type of DVD with storage capacities of 100 GB with expectations of exceeding 200 GB in the future Process of writing on an optical disc Number of bytes a storage medium can hold Device that reads and writes data instructions and information stored on flash memory cards Multisession optical disc on which users can write but not erase their own items such as text graphics and audio See also compact disc recordable Type of optical disc that uses laser technology to store data instructions and information that users can read but not write on or erase See also compact disc read only memory Drive that can read CD ROM discs and sometimes audio CDs Erasable multisession optical disc on which users can write data instructions and information multiple times See also compact disc rewritable Drive that can read audio CDs standard CD ROMs CD Rs CD RWs and can write on or record CD RWs Internet service that provides storage to computer users Smallest unit of disk space that stores data and information See also allocation unit Type of optical disc that uses laser technology to store data instructions and information that users can read but not write on or erase See also CD
26. picture messaging services Voice mail feature that allows users to view message details such as the length of calls and in some cases read message contents instead of listening to them Service that functions much like an answering machine allowing a user to leave a voice message for one or more people Storage location on a hard disk in a voice mail system Online meeting that takes place on the Web Computer that delivers requested Web pages to your computer Set of software technologies that allows businesses to create products and B2B business to business interactions over the Internet Short for wireless fidelity term for any network based on the 802 11 series of standards Network in which each mesh node routes its data to the next available node until the data reaches its destination usually an Internet connection Network that covers a large geographic area such as a city country or the world using a communications channel that combines many types of media such as telephone lines cables and radio waves Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access Newer network standard developed by IEEE that specifies how wireless devices communicate over the air in a wide area See also 802 16 Central communications device that allows computers and devices to transfer data wirelessly among themselves or to transfer data wirelessly to a wired network Network standard specifically a protocol that specifies how some wi
27. retains all rights to the software Predefined worksheet formula that performs common calculations Text that appears at the top of each page of a document Application software that assists users with the design remodeling or improvement of a home deck or landscape Small image displayed on a computer screen that represents a program a document or some other object Application software that allows users to draw pictures shapes and other graphical images with various on screen tools See also paint software Application software that provides the capabilities of paint software and also includes the capability to enhance and modify existing images and pictures Process of combining multiple images into a larger image To bring graphics into a document Text entered in a worksheet cell that identifies the worksheet data and helps organize the worksheet Application software that assists in the preparation of legal documents and provides legal information to individuals families and small businesses Chart that shows a trend during a period of time as indicated by a rising or falling line Copied from a computer s hard disk into memory Sequence of keystrokes and instructions that a user records and saves Short for malicious software programs that act without a user s knowledge and deliberately alter a computer s operations The portion of a page outside the main body of text including the top the bottom and bo
28. s inbox Program that protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory on storage media or on incoming files Type of encryption that uses two encryption keys a public key and a private key See also public key encryption Computer file that records both successful and unsuccessful access attempts Access control that verifies an individual is the person he or she claims to be Program or set of instructions in a program that allow users to bypass security controls when accessing a program computer or network To make a copy of a file Duplicate or copy of a file program or disk that can be used if the original is lost damaged or destroyed Device that authenticates a person s identity by translating a personal characteristic such as a fingerprint into a digital code that then is compared with a digital code stored in a computer verifying a physical or behavioral characteristic Payment method where the customer s fingerprint is read by a fingerprint scanner that is linked to a payment method such as a checking account or credit card A complete power failure Program that performs a repetitive task on a network Group of compromised computers connected to a network such as the Internet that are used as part of a network that attacks other networks usually for nefarious purposes See also zombie army A prolonged undervoltage Organization formed by a number of ma
29. single central cable connects all computers and other devices Digital modem that sends and receives digital data over the cable television CATV network See also broadband modem Code Division Multiple Access 3G standard for mobile communications Form of broadcast radio that is used widely for mobile communications specifically wireless modems and cell phones Network in which one or more computers act as a server and the other computers on the network request services from the server Other computers and mobile devices on a network that rely on a server for its resources Short for coaxial a single copper wire surrounded by at least three layers 1 an insulating material 2 a woven or braided metal and 3 a plastic outer coating See also coaxial cable A single copper wire surrounded by at least three layers 1 an insulating material 2 a woven or braided metal and 3 a plastic outer coating See also coax Work online with other users connected to a server Software that includes tools that enable users to share documents via online meetings and communicate with other connected users Chapter 9 Page 41 common short code CSC communications communications channel communications device communications satellite communications software cybercaf database server dedicated line dedicated servers dial up line dial up modem digital modem Digital Subscriber Line document man
30. site element that tracks the number of visitors to a Web site Any program instructions that a program never executes Utility that assists programmers with identifying syntax errors and finding logic errors See also debugger Utility that assists programmers with identifying syntax errors and finding logic errors See also debug utility Process of locating and correcting syntax and logic errors in a program Powerful visual programming tool that is ideal for large scale enterprise and Web application development Tools such as pseudocode and program flowcharts that help programmers document a solution algorithm Validation technique in which programmers use test data to step through a program s logic Person who creates and modifies computer programs See also programmer Multimedia authoring program with powerful features that allow programmers to create highly interactive multimedia applications Type of repetition control structure similar to a do while control structure except it tests the condition at the end of the loop and continues looping until the condition is true Type of repetition control structure that repeats one or more times as long as a condition is true Format that defines every item on a Web page as an object allowing developers to change properties such as color or size of any or all of the objects on the Web page Web page authoring program by Adobe Systems that allows Web developers to create maint
31. some RAM chips flash memory chips and other types of memory chips that provides high speeds and consumes little power by using battery power to retain information even when the power to a computer is off Device that joins a cable to a port Component of a processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer Family of Intel processors used in most high performance PCs Part of a bus that transfers actual data Double Data Rate SDRAM type of RAM that is even faster than SDRAM because it transfers data twice for each clock cycle instead of just once Second generation of DDR type of RAM that is faster than DDR Third generation of DDR type of RAM faster than DDR2 designed for computers with multi core processors Processor operation that translates a program instruction into signals the computer can execute Representation of data using only two discrete states on 1 and off 0 Type of memory module that has pins on opposite sides of the circuit board that do not connect thereby forming two sets of contacts DIMMS typically hold SDRAM chips External device that attaches to a mobile computer or device and provides power connections to peripherals along with memory cards optical disc drives and other devices Rectangular opening in the system unit that typically holds disk drives Processor chip that contains two separate processor cores Type of RAM chip that must be re energized constantly
32. technology in which a company maintains central computers supported by a central information technology department IT executive position that reports to the CEO Collection of every action that users make as they move through a Web site Term used to describe information systems that are more difficult to interoperate with other information systems See also proprietary Internet service that provides computing needs to computer users Separate facility that mirrors a critical site but does not become operational until the critical site becomes unavailable Software that aids in engineering drafting and design Use of computers to test product designs Use of computers to assist with manufacturing processes such as fabrication and assembly Use of computers to integrate the many different operations of the manufacturing process An information system that is a combination of databases software and procedures that organizes and allows access to various forms of documents and other files including images and multimedia content Management activity that involves measuring performance and if necessary taking corrective action Activities that relate to the main mission of a company Software that manages the day to day interactions with customers such as telephone calls e mail interactions Web interactions and instant messaging sessions System that manages information about customers interactions with customers pas
33. that it appears the e mail originated from a different sender The use of computers to observe record and review an employee s use of a computer including communications such as e mail messages keyboard activity used to measure productivity and Web sites visited Process of converting readable data into unreadable characters to prevent unauthorized access Chapter 11 Page 51 encryption algorithm encryption key end user license agreement EULA ENERGY STAR program ergonomics Fair Credit Reporting Act fault tolerant computer firewall full backup grandparent green computing hacker hardware theft hardware vandalism hash honeypot identification information privacy information theft inoculate intellectual property IP intellectual property rights Internet Content Rating Association ICRA intrusion detection software IP spoofing Joule keygen license agreement macros malicious software malware Set of steps that can convert readable plaintext into unreadable ciphertext See also cypher Set of characters that the originator of the encrypted data uses to encrypt the plaintext and the recipient of the data uses to decrypt the ciphertext License agreement included with software purchased by individual users See also single user license agreement Program developed by the United States Department of Energy DOE and the United States Environmental Protection Agency EPA to help r
34. then translates the results into a form the computer can process Type of digital video camera that enables a home or small business user to capture video and still inages send e mail messages with video attachments add live images to instant messages broadcast live images over the Internet and make video telephone calls See also Web cam Input method in which you touch a stylus or digital pen on a flat surface to write draw and make selections Numeric password either assigned by a company or selected by a user Sheet fed scanner model designed specifically for photos The smallest element in an electronic image Short for picture element Number of pixels in one inch of screen display Affordable and lightweight camera that provides acceptable quality photographic images for home or small office users Small symbol displayed on a computer screen whose location and shape changes as a user moves a pointing device Input device that allows a user to control a pointer on the screen Pressure sensitive pointing device shaped like a pencil eraser that is positioned between keys on a keyboard and moved by pushing the pointing stick with a finger Full size keyboard that communicates with a smart phone or PDA Terminal used by retail stores to record purchases process credit or debit cards and update inventory Smart phone technology where you press one key on the keypad for each letter in a word and software on the phone pred
35. to video clips Chart that displays bars of various lengths to show the relationship of data See also column chart Software needed by blogger to create maintain a blog Short for blog software Software needed by blogger to create maintain a blog Application software that assists people in becoming more effective and efficient while performing their daily business activities Graphical element that is activated to cause a specific action to occur Intersection of a column and a row in a worksheet Spreadsheet software feature that depicts data in a graphical form The act of moving the mouse pointer to a button and then pressing and releasing a button on the mouse usually the left mouse button Collection of electronic drawings photos and other images A collection of clip art and photos included with application software Temporary storage location for document content that is used in cutting and pasting or copying and pasting operations Standard set of colors used by designers and printers to ensure that colors will print exactly as specified Chart that displays bars of various lengths to show the relationship of data See also bar chart Instruction on a menu that causes a program to perform a specific action Sophisticated type of application software that assists a professional user in creating engineering architectural and scientific designs Type of education in which students learn by using and completing exer
36. tree deliverable design phase detailed analysis DFD Conversion strategy where the user stops using an old system and begins using a new system on a certain date See also direct conversion Test performed by end users during the program development cycle that checks the new system to ensure that it works with actual data User or other entity such as a program represented in a use case diagram Operation support and security phase process of including new features or capabilities in an information system Step in the system development cycle that consists of two major activities 1 conduct a preliminary investigation and 2 perform detailed analysis Each data element in an object See also property Test that measures the performance of hardware or software Skill required for project leaders so they can recognize when a change in a project has occurred take actions to react to the change and plan for opportunities because of the change Employee responsible for physical security of an organization s property and people in charge of security computing resources Analysis and design tool in the UML that graphically shows classes and subclasses in a system Written summary of all the safeguards that are in place to protect an organization s information assets Software tools designed to support one or more activities of the system development cycle typically including diagrams to support both process and obje
37. user issues by replying to a question displayed by a program Adapter card that converts an analog video signal to a digital signal that a computer can process Meeting between two or more geographically separated people who use a network or the Internet to transmit audio and video data Process of capturing full motion images and storing them on a computer s storage medium Telephone call made using a PC video camera that allows both parties to see each other as they communicate over the Internet Process of entering data by speaking into a microphone Computer s capability of distinguishing spoken words See also speech recognition Biometric device that compares a person s live speech with his or her stored voice pattern to determine if the person is a legitimate user Digital video camera that enables a home or small business user to capture video and still images send e mail messages with video attachments add live images to instant messages broadcast live images over the Internet and make live video telephone calls Steering wheel type input device that is used to simulate driving a vehicle Video conference feature in which another window on the screen displays notes and drawings simultaneously on all participants screens Nintendo s motion sensing input device that uses Bluetooth wireless technology to communicate with the Wii game console Battery powered keyboard that transmits data using wireless technology suc
38. without opening it Small program that tells an operating system how to communicate with a specific device See also device driver Scaled down Linux operating system designed for smart phones PDAs portable media players Internet telephones and many other types of devices and computers requiring an embedded operating system The operating system that resides on a ROM chip inside most PDAs and small devices The process of encoding data and information to an unreadable form Windows file manager that includes the Documents Explorer Pictures Explorer and Music Explorer Computer that has duplicate components so that it can continue to operate when one of its main components fail Utility program that shrinks the size of a file s so that the file takes up less storage space than the original file Utility that performs functions related to file management Windows Vista feature that works with the mouse to flip through open windows arranged ina stack Specific named location on a storage medium that contains related documents Program with which the user currently is interacting State of a file whose contents are scattered across two or more noncontiguous sectors of a disk Mini program with limited functionality that connects to another program or provides information See also widget The permanent etching of images on a monitor s screen Operating system designed by Google for mobile devices Type of user interf
39. ARPANET Atom audio blog blogger blogosphere bookmark broadband browser buddies business to business B2B e commerce business to consumer B2C e commerce cable Internet service ccTLD cellular radio network chat chat client chat room click consumer to consumer C2C e commerce content aggregator dial up access DNS server domain name Business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee Program that extends the capability of a browser often used to enhance multimedia See also plug in List of names and e mail addresses created and stored by a user Also called contacts folder Animation technique that combines several GIF images in a single GIF file Appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence Feature of many FTP sites whereby anyone can transfer some if not all available files Advanced Research Projects Agency agency of the U S Department of Defense that built an early computer network called ARPANET Network developed by the Pentagon s Advanced Research Projects Agency ARPA that linked scientific and academic researchers across the United States Specification sometimes used by content aggregators to distribute content Music speech or any other sound Informal Web site consisting of time stamped articles or posts in a diary or journal format usually listed in reverse chronological order S
40. CRT monitor Audio output that occurs when a user hears a person s voice or when a computer talks to the user through the speakers on the computer Term used to refer to LCD monitors that are wider than they are tall Wide Quad XGA video standard with a resolution of 2560 x 1600 Wide Super XGA video standard with a resolution of 1680 x 1050 Wide Ultra XGA video standard with a resolution of 1920 x 1200 Wide XGA video standard with a resolution of 1280 x 1024 or 1366 x 768 Chapter 6 Page 28 XGA Extended Graphics Array video standard with a resolution of 1024 x 768 Chapter 6 Page 29 Chapter 7 access time allocation unit archive disc backup BD R BD RE Blu Ray Disc ROM BD ROM burning capacity card reader writer CD R CD ROM CD ROM drive CD RW CD RW drive cloud storage cluster compact disc read only memory compact disc recordable compact disc rewritable CompactFlash CF computer output microfilm recorder cylinder density digital versatile disc read only memory digital video disc read only memory direct access disk cache disk controller DVD R Measures the amount of time it takes a processor or storage device to read or locate an item in memory or storage Smallest unit of disk space that stores data and information See also cluster CD that stores photos from an online photo center in jpg file format usually at a maximum resolution of 7200 pixels
41. Certified Computer Examiner CCE Certified Computer Forensics Examiner CCFE Certified Electronic Evidence Collection Specialist CEECS Certified Forensic Computer Examiner CFCE Certified Information Forensics Investigator CIFI Certified Information Systems Security Professional CISSP Certified Internet Webmaster CIW Certified Software Development Associate CSDA Certified Software Development Professional CSDP Certified Web Professional CWP chief information officer CIO chief security officer CSO chief technology officer CTO Cisco Certified Hardware certification that tests entry level knowledge of personal computer setup configuration maintenance troubleshooting basic networking skills and system software Application software certification that tests user s expertise in a variety of Adobe software including Flash and Dreamweaver Application software certification that tests a user s expertise on Adobe software Application software certification that demonstrates a user s ability to provide instruction on Adobe software Agreement between educational institutions that ensures credits will be received for courses taken at another school Scientific and educational organization dedicated to advancing knowledge and proficiency of information technology Professional organization with more than 9 000 members consisting of programmers systems analysts and infor
42. Chapter 1 application software blog CAM camera phone client communications device computer computer literacy computer aided manufacturing CAM convergence convertible tablet CPU central processing unit data desktop computer developer digital camera digital literacy digital pen e book e book reader e commerce e reader embedded computer enterprise computing enterprise user execute FAQ Program designed to make users more productive and or assist them with personal tasks Informal Web site consisting of time stamped articles in a diary or journal format usually listed in reverse chronological order Use of computers to assist with manufacturing processes such as fabrication and assembly Phone that can send picture messages Computer on a network that requests resources from the server Also called a workstation Hardware component that enables a computer to send transmit and receive data instructions and information to and from one or more computers Electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that can accept data process the data according to specified rules produce results and store the results for future use Having a current knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses See also digital literacy Use of computers to assist with manufacturing processes such as fabrication and assembly Term used to r
43. a Systems analysis and design tool that graphically shows the connections among entities in a system Systems analysis and design tool that graphically shows the connections among entities in a system Team driven project management approach in which a project leader is more of a participant and facilitator than a manager during the project Measure of how suitable the development of a system will be to the company Investigation that determines the exact nature of a problem or improvement and decides whether it is worth pursuing See also preliminary investigation Lengthy structured group meetings in which users and IT professionals work together to design or develop an application See also joint application design JAD Bar chart developed by Henry L Gantt that uses horizontal bars to show project phases or activities Packaged software that meets the needs of many different types of organizations Integrated case products Also called a CASE workbench Phase of the system development cycle during which the new or modified system is constructed or built and then delivered to the users Four major activities performed include 1 develop programs 2 install and test the new system 3 train users and 4 convert to the new system Collection of hardware software data people and procedures that work together to produce quality information Concept of lower levels inheriting methods and attributes of higher levels
44. a computer or utilizes the information it generates Type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance type tasks usually related to managing a computer its devices or its programs Blog that contains video clips Short video clip usually about 30 seconds sent to or from a smart phone or other mobile device Phone that can send video messages Type of social networking Web site that allows users to store and share their personal videos Worldwide collection of electronic documents called Web pages the Web is one of the more popular services on the Internet See also World Wide Web Term used to refer to Web sites that provide a means for users to share personal information allow users to modify Web site content and have application software built into the site for visitors to use Web site that allows users to access and interact with software through a Web browser on any computer or device that is connected to the Internet See also Web app Video camera that displays its output on a Web page Electronic document on the Web which can contain text graphics animation audio and video and often has built in connections to other documents graphics Web pages or Web sites Document on the Web that contains text graphics animation audio and video Chapter 1 Page 4 Chapter 1 Page 5 Chapter 2 Chapter 2 access provider add on address book animated GIF animation anonymous FTP ARPA
45. a dictionary data entry form data file data integrity data mart data mining data model Restrictions that establish who can enter new data change existing data delete unwanted data and view data in a database Information that is available when the decision maker needs it Information that is error free Copy of a database file after changes were made Validity check that ensures users enter only alphabetic data in a field Text that can include letters numbers or special characters Each data element in an object Also called a property Application that supports a front end program Duplicate or copy of a file program or disk that can be used if the original is lost damaged or destroyed Technique for recovering data in a database where the DBMS uses the log to undo any changes made to a database during a certain period such as an hour See also rollback Copy of a database file before changes were made Binary large object Consisting of Yes or No or True or False values Program that manages the sending and receiving of data between the front end and the database server A number letter punctuation mark or other symbol that is represented by a single byte in the ASCII and EBCDIC coding schemes Validity check consisting of a number s or character s that is appended to or inserted in a primary key value Web databases where users store and share photos videos recordings and other personal media w
46. ability of an antivirus program to record information such as file size and file creation date in a separate file in order to detect viruses Unique and original works such as ideas inventions art writings processes company and product names and logos Rights to which creators are entitled for their work Organization that developed a rating system in order to filter content on the Web Program that automatically analyzes all network traffic assesses system vulnerabilities identifies any unauthorized intrusions and notifies network administrators of suspicious behavior patterns or system breaches Spoofing technique where an intruder computer fools a network into believing its IP address is associated with a trusted source Unit of energy a surge protection device can absorb before it can be damaged Short for key generator program that creates software registration numbers and sometimes activation codes used for software theft An agreement issued by a software manufacturer that gives the user the right to use the software Instructions saved in software such as a word processor or spreadsheet program Programs that act without a user s knowledge and deliberately alter a computer s operations Short for malicious software programs that act without a user s knowledge and Chapter 11 Page 52 network forensics noise offline UPS offsite online security service online UPS overvoltage parent passphrase
47. ace that allows a user to interact with software using text graphics and visual images such as icons Someone who accesses a computer or network illegally Operating system function that saves any open documents and programs to a hard disk before removing power from the computer Utility that allows users to display copy and print the contents of a graphics file such as a photo Search utility feature that stores a variety of information about a file including its name date created date modified author name and so on Web browser included with Windows operating system Operating system developed by Apple for the iPhone and iPod touch The core of an operating system that manages memory and devices maintains the computer s clock starts programs and assigns the computer s resources Popular multitasking UNIX type operating system To access a computer or network as a user Compression method in which a compressed file can be returned to its exact original state File compression method in which a file cannot be returned to its exact original state after compression because the quality of a file decreases each time it is compressed Multitasking operating system that is the latest version of the Macintosh operating system Chapter 8 Page 35 Macintosh operating system malware media player memory management memory resident multiprocessin g multipurpose operating system multiuser Music Explor
48. agement employees of a company Core activities of a business involving the creation selling and support of the products and services that the company produces Server that holds hundreds of optical discs that can contain programs and data See also optical disc server Server that holds hundreds of optical discs that can contain programs and data See also optical disc jukebox Management activity that includes identifying and combining resources such as money and people so that the company can reach its goals and objectives Practice of offloading storage management to an outside organization or online Web service Server configuration that works much like a blade server Customization of portal pages to meet users needs Management activity that involves establishing goals and objectives Web site that offers a variety of Internet services from a single convenient location Instruction or set of instructions a user follows to accomplish an activity Term used to describe information systems that are more difficult to interoperate with other information systems See also closed Software that uses statistical analysis to identify and predict product defects and problems with the company s processes System used by an organization to maintain or improve the quality of its products or services Redundant array of independent disks group of two or more integrated hard disks that acts like a single large hard disk Agree
49. agement system downlink downstream rate DSL DSL modem EDGE EDI electronic data interchange electronic funds transfer EFT Ethernet EVDO extranet Fast Ethernet fiber optic cable file server file sharing network fixed wireless fractional T1 Four or five digit number assigned to a specific content or wireless service provider Process in which two or more computers or devices transfer data instructions and information Transmission media on which data instructions or information travel Any type of hardware capable of transmitting data instructions and information between a sending device and a receiving device Space station that receives microwave signals from an earth based station amplifies strengthens the signals and broadcasts the signals back over a wide area to any number of earth based stations Programs that 1 help users establish a connection to another computer or network 2 manage the transmission of data instructions and information and 3 provide an interface for users to communicate with one another Coffeehouse restaurant or other location that provides personal computers with Internet access to its customers Server that stores and provides access to a database Type of always on connection that is established between two communications devices unlike a dial up line where the connection is reestablished each time it is used Servers that perform specific tasks an
50. ails of the new or modified information system Activity in the system development cycle that involves three major activities 1 study how the current system works 2 determine the users wants needs and requirements and 3 recommend a solution See also logical design Systems analysis and design tool that graphically shows the flow of data in a system Chapter 12 Page 56 direct conversion documentation e zine economic feasibility electronic magazine entity entity relationship diagram ERD extreme project management feasibility feasibility study focus groups Ganit chart horizontal market software I CASE implementation phase information system IS inheritance inspection integration test International Computer Security Association ICSA Labs Internet solutions provider IT consultant joint application design JAD layout chart logical design method mockup moderator object object modeling Conversion strategy where the user stops using an old system and begins using a new system on a certain date See also abrupt cutover Collection and summarization of data and information Publication available on the Web See also electronic magazine Measure of whether lifetime benefits of a proposed information system will be greater than its lifetime costs See also cost benefit feasibility Publication available on the Web See also e zine Object in a system that has dat
51. ain and manage professional Web sites Type of HTML that allows Web developers to include more graphical interest and interactivity ina Web page Open source advanced development environment that works with a variety of programs including Java and C HTML words abbreviations and symbols that specify links to other documents and indicate how a Web page is displayed when viewed on the Web See also tags Concept of packaging data and procedures into a single object An action to which a program responds Program that checks for and responds to events Chapter 13 Page 62 execute Expression Web extreme programming XP F Flash flowchart flowcharting software form Forth FORTRAN fourth generation language functional language global comments hierarchy chart high level language HTML HyperTalk Hypertext Markup Language IDE integrated development environment if then else control structure image map implementation internal comments interpreter IPO chart Java Java EE Java Platform Enterprise Edition Java Platform Micro Edition Java ME Java Platform Standard Edition Java SE JavaScript Process of a computer carrying out the instructions in a program Microsoft s Web page authoring program that enables Web developers to create professional dynamic interactive Web sites Strategy that proposed that programmers should immediately begin coding and testing solut
52. also object oriented OO analysis and design Chapter 12 Page 57 object oriented OO analysis and design operation operation support and security phase operational feasibility outsource packaged software parallel conversion perfective maintenance performance monitoring PERT chart phased conversion phases physical design pilot conversion planning phase post implementation system review preliminary investigation process process modeling program development life cycle program specification package project dictionary project leader project management project management software project manager project notebook project plan Analysis and design technique that combines data with the processes that act on that data into a single unit called an object See also object modeling Procedure in an object that contains the activities that read or manipulate the data See also method Phase of the system development cycle that consists of three major activities 1 perform maintenance activities 2 monitor system performance and 3 assess system security Measure of how well a proposed information system will work Having a source outside a company develop software for the company Some companies outsource just the software development aspect of their IT operation while others outsource more or all of their IT operation Mass produced copyrighted prewritten software available for p
53. anguage developed by Apple to manipulate cards that can contain text graphics and sound Special formatting language that programmers use to format documents for display on the Web Includes program development tools for building graphical user interfaces an editor for entering program code a compiler and or interpreter and a debugger Type of selection control structure that yields only one of two possibilities true or false Graphical image that points to one or more Web addresses Process of generating or writing code that translates a program design into a program and if necessary creating the user interface Documentation that appears throughout the body of the program that explains the purpose of the code statements within the program Program used to convert a source program into machine language and then executes the machine language instructions Chart that identifies a program s inputs its outputs and the processing steps required to transform the inputs into the outputs Object oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems Set of technologies built on Sun s Java EE that allows programmers to develop and deploy Web services for a company often used in Web 2 0 environments Java platform used to create programs for smart phones and other mobile devices Java platform developed by Sun Microsystems to create stand alone programs for desktop computers and servers Interpreted language that allow
54. anslates handwritten letters and symbols into characters that a computer or device can process Pointer that is placed on a user s head and can be used by a physically challenged person Business practice that consists of capturing storing analyzing displaying printing and manipulating images with scanners Storing and indexing electronic documents to provide access to exact reproductions of the original documents Any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer Any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instructions into a computer Symbol on a computer screen usually a blinking vertical bar that indicates where the next character a user types will appear See also cursor Biometric device that uses iris recognition technology to read patterns in the iris of the eye Handheld vertical lever mounted on a base used to control actions of a simulated vehicle or player Input device that contains keys users press to enter data and instructions into a computer Metal or plastic plate placed over the keyboard that allows users to rest their hands on the keyboard without accidentally pressing any keys Free standing computer that usually includes a touch screen Mouse type that uses a laser sensor Input device used in video and computer games to shoot targets and moving objects after you pull the trigger on the weapon Reading device that reads the magnetic stripe on the back of credit entertain
55. apable of storing between 256 MB and 2 GB of data Chapter 7 Page 33 Chapter 8 administrator account adware adware remover Aero Flip 3 D anti spam program antivirus program automatic update back up background backup utility basic input output system BIOS BlackBerry boot disk boot drive booting buffer bugs client operating systems cold boot command language command line interface compress cross platform defragmenting Desktop Gadget Gallery device driver device dependent device independent disc burning Computer account held by computer and network administrators that enables them to access all files and programs on the computer or network install programs and specify settings that affect all users on a computer or network Program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop up window on Web pages e mail or other Internet services Program that detects and deletes adware from a user s computer Windows 7 feature that works with the mouse to flip through open windows arranged in a stack Program that attempts to remove spam before it reaches a user s inbox Program that protects a computer against viruses by identifying and removing any computer viruses found in memory on storage media or on incoming files Operating system feature that automatically provides updates to a program To make a copy of selected files or an entire hard disk t
56. as of Web site design and development and server administration and security Employee who directs the company s information service and communications functions See also chief technology officer CTO Employee responsible for physical security of a company s property and people in charge of security computing resources Employee who directs the company s information service and communications functions See also chief information officer CIO Internet certification that tests expert level knowledge in areas of internetwork Chapter 15 Page 73 Internetwork Expert CCIE Cisco Certified Network Associate CCNA Cisco Certified Network Professional CCNP compositor computer engineering CE computer equipment field computer games designer programmer computer information systems CIS computer operator computer salespeople computer science CS computer science IT instructor computer scientist computer security specialist computer service and repair field computer software field computer technician computerized adaptive testing CAT corporate trainer data communications analyst database administrator database analyst Dell Certified Systems Expert desktop or mobile application programmer developer desktop publisher digital forensics examiner e commerce director communications security routing and switching Networking certification that tests basic k
57. at speeds up to 15 Mbps Series of network standards developed by IEEE that specifies how two wireless devices communicate over the air with each other See also wireless Ethernet standard Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access Newer network standard developed by IEEE that specifies how wireless devices communicate over the air in a wide area See also WiMAX Short for asymmetric digital subscriber line type of DSL that supports faster transfer rates when receiving data than when sending data Short for Asynchronous Transfer Mode service that carries voice data video and multimedia at very high speeds The amount of data instructions and information that can travel over a communications channel Network standard specifically a protocol that defines how two Bluetooth devices use short range radio waves to transmit data Type of media that transmits multiple signals simultaneously Digital modem that sends and receives digital data over the cable television CATV network See also cable modem Wireless transmission medium that distributes radio signals through the air over long distances such as between cities regions and countries and short distances such as within an office or home Electrical channel that transfers electronic bits internally within the circuitry of a computer allowing the devices both inside and attached to the system unit to communicate with each other Type of network topology in which a
58. ay LCD mobile printer monitor monochrome multifunction peripheral native resolution near letter quality NLQ nit nonimpact printer organic LED OLED output output device page description Printed information that exists physically and is a more permanent form of output than that presented on a display device soft copy See also printout Port that combines DVI with high definition HD television and video High definition television the most advanced form of digital television working with digital broadcast signals transmitting digital sound supporting wide screens and providing resolutions up to 1920 x 1080 pixels Display that uses OLED technology in a helmet goggles or glasses Audio output device that covers or is placed outside the ear Device that functions as both headphones and a microphone The most advanced form of digital television working with digital broadcast signals transmitting digital sound supporting wide screens and providing resolutions up to 1920 x 1080 pixels See also HDTV Type of printer that forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a mechanism against an inked ribbon that physically contacts the paper Printing that uses infrared light waves to transmit output to a printer Type of nonimpact printer that forms characters and graphics by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink on a piece of paper Touch sensitive device resembling a dry erase board
59. build an information system including planning analysis design implementation and support Collection of phases in system development Document that assesses the feasibility of each alternative solution and then recommends the most feasible solution for a project Person responsible for designing and developing an information system See also system developer Person responsible for designing and developing an information system See also systems analyst Test performed during the program development cycle that verifies all programs in an application work together properly Measure of whether an organization has or can obtain the hardware software and people needed to deliver and then support a proposed information system Magazine written for a specific business or industry Showing users exactly how they will use new hardware and software in a system Chapter 12 Page 59 turnkey solution UML Unified Modeling Language unit test use case use case diagram users value added reseller VAR vertical market software Complete systems offered by value added resellers Unified Modeling Language graphical tool that enables systems analysts to document a system which has been adopted as a standard notation for object modeling and development Graphical tool that enables systems analysts to document a system which has been adopted as a standard notation for object modeling and development Test performed du
60. cated in the same physical room as the surgeon See also telesurgery Hardware software data and information shared using a network Process of using software Computer that controls access to the hardware software and other resources on a network and provides a centralized storage area for programs data and information PC Tablet design that does not include a keyboard but provides other means for typing Describes any company with fewer than 50 employees as well as the self employed who work from home Chapter 1 Page 3 smart phone social networking Web site software SOHO storage device storage media supercomputer system software system unit Tablet PC telecommuting telematics telemedicine telesurgery text message tower Ultra Mobile PC UMPC user utility program video blog video message video phone video sharing community Web Web 2 0 Web Application Web cam Web page Web site Internet enabled telephone that usually also provides personal information management functions Online community that encourages its members to share their interests ideas stories photos music and videos with other registered users See also online social network Series of instructions that tells a computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them See also Program Describes any company with fewer than 50 employees as well as the self employed who work from home Hardware used to r
61. ces such as a hard disk and remain in RAM as long as the computer has continuous power See also main memory or random access memory Type of memory that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices Programs and data are loaded into RAM from storage devices such as a hard disk and remain in RAM as long as the computer has continuous power See also main memory or RAM Rambus DRAM type of RAM that is much faster than SDRAM because it uses Chapter 4 Page 18 read only memory ROM registers RIMM Rambus inline memory module SAS serial attached SCSI SCSI small computer system interface SCSI port SDRAM serial port SIMM single inline memory module sound card static RAM SRAM stored program concept storing superscalar synthesizer system board system bus system clock system unit system on a chip terabyte TB transistor Unicode universal serial bus port USB 2 0 USB 3 0 USB flash drive USB hub USB port video card volatile memory vPro technology pipelining techniques Type of nonvolatile memory that is used to store permanent data and instructions Small high speed storage locations in a process that temporarily hold data and instructions Type of memory module that houses RDRAM chips Newer type of SCSI that transmits at much faster speeds than parallel SCSI Type of high speed parallel interface used to attach peripheral devices to a computer See also SCSI
62. cess designed to ensure the data within the relations tables in a database contains the least amount of duplication Validity check that ensures users enter only numeric data in a field Database item that contains data as well as the actions that read or process the data Query language used with object oriented and object relational databases to manipulate and retrieve data See also OQL Database that stores data in objects Databases that combine features of the relational and object oriented data models Information that is arranged to suit the needs and requirements of the decision maker Field in a database that uniquely identifies each record in a file Policy adopted by some organizations where users access privileges are limited to the lowest level necessary to perform required tasks Request for specific data from a database DBMS feature that has a graphical user interface to assist users with retrieving data Language used with databases that consists of simple English like statements that allows users to specify the data to display print or store Validity check that determines whether a number is within a specified range Group of related fields in a database DBMS feature that uses logs and or backups to restore a database when it becomes damaged or destroyed Term used by developers of relational databases for file Database that stores data in tables that consist of rows and columns with each row having a p
63. ches a particular skill Chapter 3 Page 11 entertainment software field file file name filters font font size font style footer format formula freeware function header home design landscaping software icon illustration software image editing software image stitching import label legal software line chart loaded macro malware margins menu multimedia authoring software note taking software online banking online Help open source software packaged software page layout Application software such as interactive games videos and other programs designed to support a hobby or provide amusement and enjoyment Each column in a database that contains a specific category of data within a record Named collection of stored data instructions or information Unique combination of letters of the alphabet numbers or other characters that identifies a file Audio editing software feature designed to enhance audio quality Name assigned to a specific design of characters Size of the characters in a particular font Font design such as bold italic and underline that can add emphasis to a font Text that appears at the bottom of each page of a document To change a document s appearance Expression used to perform calculations on the data in a worksheet and display the resulting value in a cell Copyrighted software provided at no cost to a user by an individual or a company that
64. cises with instructional software Also called computer aided instruction CAI To enter text or numbers insert images and perform other tasks with a document using an input device such as a keyboard mouse or digital pen Software that performs functions specific to a business or industry developed by a user or at a user s request Collection of data organized in a manner that allows access retrieval and use of that data Application software used to create access and manage a database add change and delete data in the database sort and retrieve data from the database and create forms and reports using the data in the database On screen work area that has a graphical user interface Application software used by professional designers to create sophisticated documents that can contain text graphics and many colors Special window that provides information presents available options or requests a response Delivery of education at one location while the learning takes place at other locations Application software that provides a means for sharing distributing and searching through documents by converting them into a format that can be viewed by any user Filing state and federal tax returns online Short for electronic learning delivery of education via some electronic method such as the Internet networks or optical discs To make changes to the existing content of a document Application software that tea
65. ct modeling Top level DFD that identifies only major processes Operation support and security phase process of diagnosing and correcting errors in an information system Measure of whether lifetime benefits of a proposed information system will be greater than its lifetime costs See also economic feasibility Software that performs functions specific to a business or industry developed by a user or at a user s request Converting existing manual and computer files so that a new computer system can use them A DBMS element that contains data about each file in a database and each field in those files See also repository Element in a DFD indicated by a line with an arrow that shows the input or output of data or information into or out from a process Systems analysis and design tool that graphically shows the flow of data in a system Rules and standards that define how a database organizes data Element in a DFD indicated by a rectangle with no sides that is a holding place for data and information Table that lists a variety of conditions and the actions that correspond to each condition Graphic representation showing a variety of conditions and the actions that correspond to each condition Any tangible item such as a chart diagram report or program file Phase of the system development cycle that consists of two major activities 1 if necessary acquire hardware and software and 2 develop all of the det
66. d can be placed with other dedicated servers to perform multiple tasks Temporary connection that uses one or more analog telephone lines for communications Communications device that can convert digital signals to analog signals and analog signals to digital signals so that data can travel along an analog telephone line Communications device that sends and receives data and information to and from a digital line Type of digital technology that provides high speed Internet connections using regular copper telephone lines Commonly called DSL System for storage and management of a company s documents such as word processing documents presentations and spreadsheets Transmission from a satellite to an earth based station The transfer rate that is achieved when data is being received on a communications channel Type of digital technology that provides high speed Internet connections using regular copper telephone lines Modem that sends digital data and information from a computer to a DSL line and receives digital data and information from a DSL line Enhanced Data GSM Environment 3G standard for mobile communications Standard that defines how data transmits across telephone lines or other means Service in which users connected to a network can transfer money from one bank account to another via transmission media Network standard that specifies no central computer or device on the network should control when data can
67. d fluid to the processor The four basic operations fetching decoding executing and storing performed by a processor Newer type of RAM that stores data using magnetic charges instead of electrical charges Type of memory that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices Programs and data are loaded into RAM from storage devices such as a hard disk and remain in RAM as long as the computer has continuous power See also RAM or random access memory Large scale parallel processing that involves hundreds or thousands of processors Approximately 1 million bytes Electronic components in a computer that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor the data needed by those instructions and the results of processing the data Cache that helps speed the processes of a computer by storing frequently used instructions and data Removable flash memory device usually no bigger than 1 5 in height or width that you insert and remove from a slot in a personal computer game console mobile device or card reader writer Chapter 4 Page 17 memory module memory slots microcode microprocessor MIDI port motherboard multi core processor multi threaded program Musical Instrument Digital Interface nanosecond nonvolatile memory ns parallel processing PC Card PC Card bus PC Card slot PCI bus Peripheral Component Interconnect bus PCI Express PCle bus Pentium peripheral
68. d the system bus and other components in a computer DVD recordable format with up to 4 7 GB capacity that allows users to write on the disc Chapter 7 Page 30 DVD RAM DVD random access memory DVD RW DVD R DVD ROM DVD ROM drive DVD RW EIDE Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics eSATA ExpressCard module external hard disk fixed disk form factor formatting GBps hard disk hard disk drive HD VMD Versatile Multilayer Disc head crash jewel box KBps LightScribe technology longitudinal recording magnetic stripe card MBps memory card Memory Stick Memory Stick Micro M2 microfiche microfilm microSD microSDHC once and read it many times Rewritable DVD format with capacities up to 4 7 GB per side Rewritable DVD format with capacities up to 4 7 GB per side DVD recordable format with up to 4 7 GB capacity that allows users to write on the disc once and read it many times High capacity optical disc on which users can read but not write or erase See also digital versatile disc read only memory and digital video disc read only memory Device that can read a DVD ROM Most DVD ROM drives also can read audio CDs CD ROMs CD Rs and CD RWs Rewritable DVD format with capacities up to 4 7 GB per side Interface that uses parallel signals to transfer data instructions and information and can support up to four hard disks at 137 GB per disk Acronym for external SATA hard dis
69. data Information gathered in the ongoing operations of an enterprise sized organization Provides centralized integrated software to help manage and coordinate the ongoing activities of the enterprise Technology that allows users to perform searches across many enterprise wide information systems and databases Strategy that focuses on the availability protection organization and backup of storage in a company General purpose information systems in an enterprise that crosses the boundaries of functional units and is used by one or more functional units in an enterprise Out of the ordinary conditions that define the normal activity or status range in an exception report Report generated by a management information system that identifies data outside of a normal condition A special type of decision support system that supports the strategic information needs of executive management The highest management positions in a company which focuses on the long range direction of the company Information system that captures and stores the knowledge of human experts and then imitates human reasoning and decision making Source of data obtained from outside an enterprise which might include interest rates trends or raw material pricing Portion of a company s network that allows customers or suppliers of a company to access parts of an enterprise s intranet Process of one system automatically taking the place of a fail
70. de graphical images video audio animation and other special effects with interactive content Wireless markup language subset of XML that allows Web developers to design pages specifically for microbrowsers Extensible HTML markup language that enables Web sites to be displayed more easily on microbrowsers in smart phones and other mobile devices as well as on desktop and notebook computers Extensible Markup Language format for sharing data that allows Web developers to create customized tags as well as use predefined tags used for developing a single Web site whose content can be formatted to display appropriately on various devices Extensible Stylesheet Language language for creating a style sheet that describes how to present the data described in an XML document on a Web page Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformation extension of XSL that creates styles sheets that describe how to transform XML documents into other types of documents Chapter 13 Page 67 Chapter 14 3 D visualization artificial intelligence Al availability backup plan batch processing blade blade server blade server chassis business intelligence Bl business process automation BPA business process management BPM centralized chief information officer CIO click stream closed cloud computing cold site computer aided design CAD computer aided engineering CAE computer aided manufacturing CAM co
71. designed for the small screens and limited computing power of Internet enabled mobile devices Format that reduces an audio file to about one tenth of its original size while preserving much of the original quality of the sound Popular video compression standard Moving Pictures Experts Group Current version of a popular video compression standard Any application that combines text with graphics animation audio video and or virtual reality Internet service provider that provides Internet access in cities and towns nationwide Worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses government agencies educational institutions and individuals See also Internet Short for Internet etiquette the code of acceptable behaviors users should follow while on the Internet Online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject Program necessary for participating in a newsgroup The National Science Foundation s network of five supercomputers E commerce method that allows consumers to bid on an item being sold by someone else Web site that joins a specific group of people with similar interests or relationships Company that provides Internet access as well as many members only features Web site that encourages members in its online community to share their interests ideas stories photos music and videos with other registered users See also social networking Web site Software used by
72. dition Windows Server 2008 Datacenter and Windows Web Server 2008 Server operating system designed for use by computers with 64 bit processors that function as a Web server Server operating system designed for use by businesses with huge volumes of transactions and large scale databases Server operating system designed for use by medium to large sized businesses including those with e commerce operations Server operating system designed for use by typical small to medium sized business networks Vertical bar along the edge of the Windows Vista desktop that allows users to control and customize a variety of gadgets or widgets Windows Vista feature that allows viewing of messages on a powered off notebook computer equipped with a secondary display Windows 7 support for computers with multi touch technology Successor to Windows XP Microsoft s fastest most efficient operating system to date offering quicker program start up built in diagnostics automatic recovery improved security and enhanced searching and organizing capabilities Vista edition designed for businesses of all sizes that uses Windows Aero Vista edition designed for the basic home user Vista edition that includes all capabilities of Windows Vista Home Basic and also includes Windows Aero Vista edition that includes all features of Windows Vista Home Premium and provides additional features designed to make mobile users computers more secure and eas
73. e line that transmits data and information using an analog continuous wave pattern signal Internet server that usually is associated with an Internet access provider Text version of an IP address Chapter 2 Page 6 domain name system DNS downloading DSL dynamic Web page e commerce e mail e mail address e mail program e retail electronic commerce electronic mail electronic storefront emoticons FAQ favorite Fiber to the Premises FTTP file fixed wireless flame wars flames FTP FTP server GIF graphic graphical image gTLD hits home page host hot spots http hyperlink hypermedia hypertext Hypertext Transfer Protocol ICANN Method that the Internet uses to store domain names and their corresponding IP addresses Process of a computer receiving information such as a Web page from a server on the Internet Acronym for digital subscriber line type of digital technology that provides high speed Internet connections using regular copper telephone lines A Web page that allows visitors to customize some or all of the viewed content Short for electronic commerce a business transaction that occurs over an electronic network such as the Internet Short for electronic mail the transmission of messages and files via a computer network Combination of a user name and a domain name that identifies a user so that he or she can receive Internet e mail Software used to cr
74. each time a user describes a situation to the expert system Overall technology strategy of a company Hardware software data people and procedures that a computer requires to generate information Source of data obtained from inside an enterprise which might include sales order inventory records or financial data from accounting and financial analyses Storage of data information and instructions on the Web Sharing information with other information systems within an enterprise Component of an expert system that contains the combined subject knowledge and experiences of human experts The process by which an enterprise collects archives indexes and retrieves its knowledge or resources Software that assists in the task of knowledge management and captures the expertise of knowledge workers so that their knowledge is not lost when they leave the company Individuals whose jobs center on the collection processing and application of information Management activity sometimes referred to as directing that involves communicating instructions and authorizing others to perform the necessary work Information system that has existed within an organization for an extended length of time and is relied upon heavily RAID storage design that writes data on two disks at the same time to duplicate the data See also mirroring Information system that generates accurate timely and organized information so that managers
75. eamweaver dynamic HTML DHTML Eclipse elements encapsulation event event driven program COmmon Business Oriented Language Programming language designed for business applications which evolved out of a joint effort between the United States government businesses and major universities in the early 1960s Programming term meaning to write Process of programmers quality control testers and or peers reviewing code in order to locate and fix errors so that the final programs work correctly Prewritten code and templates associated with common programming tasks Translating a solution algorithm into a programming language and then typing the programming language code into the computer Flowchart symbol that explains or clarifies logic in a solution algorithm See also annotation symbol Internal documentation contained in a program Programming language designed for business applications which evolved out of a joint effort between the United States government businesses and major universities in the early 1960s See also COBOL Separate program that converts an entire source program into machine language before executing it Series of instructions that directs a computer to perform tasks Used during program design a depiction of the logical order of program instructions See also control structure Used during program design a depiction of the logical order of program instructions See also construct Web
76. eate send receive forward store print and delete e mail messages Occurs when businesses use the Web to sell products A business transaction that occurs over an electronic network such as the Internet The transmission of messages and files via a computer network See also e mail Online business a customer visits that contains product descriptions graphics and a shopping cart Symbols used on the Internet to express emotion List that helps a user find answers to frequently asked questions Saved Web address that you access by clicking its name in a list See also bookmark Technology that uses fiber optic cables to provide high speed Internet access to home and business users Named unit of storage High speed Internet connection that uses an antenna on a house or business to communicate with a tower location via radio signals Exchanges of flames using the Internet Abusive or insulting messages sent using the Internet Short for File Transfer Protocol an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading with other computers on the Internet Computer that allows users to upload and or download files using FTP Graphics format that uses compression techniques to reduce file sizes Digital representation of nontext information such as a drawing chart or photo See also graphical image Digital representation of nontext information such as a drawing chart or photo See also graphic Generic TLD top lev
77. ecified requirements and then quotes the price s Document sent to a vendor during the system development cycle that identifies required products Written formal request for a new or modified system See also project request Measure of whether established deadlines for a project are reasonable The goal required activities time estimates for each activity cost estimates for each activity order of activities and activities that can take place at the same time during system development Problem that occurs when one activity has led to another that was not originally planned thereby causing the project to grow System development team member who records facts and action items assigned during a JAD session Element in a DFD indicated by a square that identifies an entity outside the scope of a system Sets of rules and procedures a company expects employees to accept and follow Decision making body in a company Analysis and design technique that describes processes that transform inputs into outputs See also process modeling Style of writing that describes the steps in a process used to enter items in a project dictionary Lower levels in a class diagram that inherit the methods and attributes of the objects in its higher level class Set of components that interact to achieve a common goal Person responsible for designing and developing an information system See also Systems analyst Set of activities used to
78. ecord write and or read items to and from storage media The physical material on which a computer keeps data instructions and information Fastest most powerful and most expensive computer capable of processing more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second Programs that control or maintain the operations of a computer and its devices Case that contains the electronic components of a computer that are used to process data Special type of notebook computer that resembles a letter sized slate which allows a user to write on the screen using a digital pen Work arrangement in which employees work away from a company s standard workplace and often communicate with the office through the computer Wireless communications capabilities used in automobiles including navigation systems remote diagnosis and alerts and Internet access Form of long distance health care where health care professionals in separate locations conduct live conferences on the computer Surgery in which a surgeon performs an operation on a patient who is not located in the same physical room as the surgeon See also remote surgery Short note typically fewer than 300 characters sent to or from a smart phone or other mobile device Tall and narrow system unit that can sit on the floor vertically if desktop space is limited Computer small enough to fit in one hand See also handheld computer or handhelds Anyone who communicates with
79. ects a computer negatively by altering the way the computer works without a user s knowledge or permission Programmer who intentionally writes a virus program Process of using the operating system to restart a computer Program that restricts access to certain material on the Web Mini program with limited functionality that connects to another program or provides information See also gadget Microsoft s fastest most efficient operating system to date offering quicker program start up built in diagnostics automatic recovery improved security enhanced searching and organizing capabilities and an easy to use interface Windows 7 edition that includes all the capabilities of Windows 7 Starter and also includes Windows Aero with its Aero Flip 3D feature Windows 7 edition that provides users in all sizes of businesses with a secure operating environment that uses Windows Aero where they easily can search for files protect their computers from unauthorized intruders and unwanted programs use improved backup technologies securely connect to Wi Fi networks quickly view messages on a powered off specially equipped notebook computer easily share documents and collaborate with other users and watch and record live television Windows 7 edition designed for netbooks and other small notebook computers that allows users to search for files connect to printers and devices browse the Internet join home networks and connect to wireless
80. ed system Chapter 14 Page 69 Fibre Channel functional units grid computing high availability system hot site hot swapping human resources information system HRIS indexes inference rules information architecture information system internal sources Internet backup interoperability knowledge base knowledge management KM knowledge management software KMS knowledge workers leading legacy system level 1 management information system MIS managers Manufacturing Resource Planning II MRP Il market research system marketing information system Material Requirements Planning MRP metadata middle management mirroring network attached storage NAS Technology used to connect to storage systems at data rates up to 4 Gbps Individual operating entities in an enterprise Technology that combines many servers and or personal computers on a network to act as one large computer System that continues running and performing tasks for at least 99 percent of the time Separate facility that mirrors the systems and operations of a critical site Feature that allows components to be replaced while the rest of the system continues to perform its tasks Information system that manages one or more human resources function s Arranging content so that it later can be searched Component of an expert system that contains a set of logical judgments that are applied to the knowledge base
81. eds See also IEEE 1394 port ROM chips that contain permanently written data instructions or information recorded on the chips when they were manufactured Type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten Term used to refer to size and shape of a desktop personal computer system unit Chapter 4 Page 16 front side bus FSB gender changer gigabyte GB gigahertz GHz graphics card heat pipe heat sink hertz Hi Speed USB hot plugging IEEE 1394 port integrated circuit Intel compatible processors internal bay IrDA IrDA port Itanium jack kilobyte KB or K L1 cache L2 cache L3 cache liquid cooling technology machine cycle magnetoresistive RAM MRAM main memory massively parallel processing megabyte MB memory memory cache memory card Bus that is part of the motherboard and connects the processor to main memory See also system bus Device that joins a port and a connector that are both female or both male Approximately 1 billion bytes One billion ticks of the system clock per second Adapter card that converts computer output into a video signal that travels through a cable to the monitor which displays an image on the screen See also video card Small cooling device used to cool processors in notebook computers Small ceramic or metal component with fins on its surface that absorbs and ventilates heat produced by electrical components One
82. educe the amount of electricity used by computers and related devices The science of incorporating comfort efficiency and safety into the design of the workplace 1970 law that limits the rights of others viewing a credit report to only those with a legitimate business need Computer that has duplicate components so that it can continue to operate when one of its main components fail Hardware and or software that protects a network s resources from intrusion by users on another network such as the Internet Backup procedure that copies all program and data files in the computer Also called archival backup Term used in three generation backups to refer to the oldest copy of a file Computer usage that reduces the electricity and environmental waste involved in using a computer Someone who accesses a computer or network illegally The act of stealing computer equipment The act of defacing or destroying computer equipment Mathematical formula that generates a code from the contents of an electronic message Vulnerable computer that is set up to entice an intruder to break into it in order to allow a company to learn how intruders are exploiting its network Access control that verifies an individual is a valid user Right of individuals and companies to deny or restrict the collection and use of information about them Computer security risk that occurs when someone steals personal or confidential information Cap
83. efer to the trend of manufacturers offering computers and devices with technologies that overlap Tablet PC design that has an attached keyboard Electronic component on a computer s motherboard that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer See also processor Collection of unprocessed items which can include text numbers images audio and video Computer designed so the system unit input devices output devices and any other devices fit entirely on or under a desk or table Person who writes and modifies computer programs See also programmer Device that allows users to take pictures and store the photographed images digitally instead of on traditional film Having a current knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses See also computer literacy Input device that allows users to write or draw on the screen by pressing the pen and issue instructions to a Tablet PC by tapping on the screen Electronic version of a printed book readable on computers and other digital devices Also called a digital book Handheld device that is used primarily for reading e books Short for electronic book reader Short for electronic commerce a business transaction conducted over the Web Handheld device that is used primarily for reading e books Special purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product Term large companies use to refer to the use of a huge network of compu
84. el domain Web page names displayed by a search engine that contain the search text specified by a user First page that a Web site displays Any computer that provides services and connections to other computers on a network Wireless network that provides Wi Fi Internet connections to mobile computers and devices A set of rules that defines how pages transfer on the Internet See also Hypertext Transfer Protocol Built in connection to another related Web page or part of a Web page See also link Web page content consisting of text based links combined with graphic audio and video links Term that refers to links in text based documents A set of rules that defines how pages transfer on the Internet See also http Acronym for Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers group that assigns and controls top level domains Chapter 2 Page 7 instant messaging IM instant messenger Internet Internet backbone Internet telephony IP address IPv6 ISP Internet service provider JPEG keyword searching link m commerce mailing list media sharing Web site message board microblog microbrowser MP3 MP4 MPEG MPEG 4 multimedia national ISP Net netiquette newsgroup newsreader NSFnet online auction online community online service provider OSP online social network player plug in PNG podcast Real time Internet communications service that notifies a user when one
85. em DBMS database server database software default value distributed database e form electronic form field field name field size file maintenance file processing system form forward recovery front end garbage in garbage out GIGO GIS groupware database hypercube hypermedia database hypertext database information log metadata multidimensional database Person who focuses on the meaning and usage of data including proper placement of fields defining the relationships among data and identifying users access privileges See also database analyst DA Specifies the kind of data a field in a database can contain and how the field can be used Huge database that stores and manages the data required to analyze historical and current transactions Collection of data organized in a manner that allows access retrieval and use of that data Person who creates and maintains the data dictionary manages security of a database monitors the performance of a database and checks backup and recovery procedures Person who focuses on the meaning and usage of data including proper placement of fields defining the relationships among data and identifying users access privileges See also data modeler System used to store and manage data in which many programs and users share the data in a database Program that allows user to create a computerized database add change and delete data
86. enterprise technologies Networking certification that tests competency in several network areas including transmission media and topologies protocols and standards Networking certification that tests knowledge of Novell s networking products including NetWare IntraNetWare and GroupWise Networking certification that tests knowledge of designing configuring implementing administering and troubleshooting the Novell network system Operating systems certification that tests technical expertise in installing managing and troubleshooting the Linux operating system Database certification that tests knowledge of developing and deploying large scale Oracle database management systems Employee who oversees all assigned projects allocates resources selects teams performs systems analysis and programming tasks and conducts performance appraisals Employee who reviews programs and documentation to ensure they meet the organization s standards Operating system certification that tests technical expertise of setting up and administering network services and the Linux operating system Operating system certification that tests basic knowledge of setting up and managing a Linux operating system Employee who administers network security access monitors and protects against unauthorized access Security certification that tests network security skills related to wireless security e mail security digital certificates digi
87. er NetWare network administrator nonresident open source software operating system OS page paging Palm OS password performance monitor permissions personal computer maintenance utility personal firewall phishing phishing filter Pictures Explorer platform Plug and Play pop up ad pop up blocker power on self test POST Operating system for Apple s Macintosh computer Short for malicious software programs that act without a user s knowledge and deliberately alter a computer s operations Utility program that allows you to view images and animation listen to audio and watch video files Operating system activity that optimizes the use of random access memory RAM Remaining in memory while a computer is running In reference to operating systems supports two or more processors running programs at the same time Operating system that is both a stand alone operating system and a server operating system In reference to operating systems enables two or more users to run programs simultaneously Windows Vista feature that helps users locate files by allowing users to adjust thumbnail size to view document without opening it Server operating system designed by Novell for client server networks Employee who configures installs and maintains LANs WANs intranets and Internet systems identifies and resolves connectivity issues Instructions that remain on a storage med
88. ers Architecture that enterprises use so that information systems provide services to other information systems in a well defined manner over a network Business that is smaller in size than an enterprise and typically does not have an international presence Network attached storage server High speed network with the sole purpose of providing storage to other servers to which it is attached Capability to create a single logical storage device from many physical storage devices Decisions that center on a company s overall goals and objectives RAID storage technique that splits data instructions and information across multiple disks in the array Report generated by a management information system that consolidates data usually with totals tables or graphs so that managers can review it quickly and easily Activities relating to running a business Short range decisions that apply specific programs and plans necessary to meet stated objectives Separate cabinet for larger computers in which tape cartridges are mounted Employee who guides design development and maintenance tasks serves as interface between programmer developer and management Component of a disaster recovery plan that contains information for simulating various levels of disasters and recording an organization s ability to recover Small terminal like computer that mostly relies on a server for data storage and processing Individual business
89. essing software Feature of word processing software that allows users to type words in a paragraph continually without pressing the ENTER key at the end of each line Rows and columns used to organize data in a spreadsheet Chapter 3 Page 14 Chapter 4 AC adapter Accelerated Graphics Port AGP access time adapter card address address bus advanced transfer cache ATC ALU analog arithmetic logic unit arithmetic operations ASCII backside bus BSB backward compatible bay binary digit binary system bit Bluetooth Bluetooth wireless port adapter bus bus width byte cache Celeron central processing unit CPU Centrino 2 chassis chip clock cycle clock speed External power supply used by some external peripherals that converts AC power into DC power that the peripheral requires Expansion bus designed by Intel to improve the speed with which 3 D graphics and video transmit Measures the amount of time it takes a processor or storage device to read or locate an item in memory or storage Circuit board that enhances functions of a component of a system unit and or provides connections to peripherals Unique number that identifies the location of a byte in memory The part of a bus that transfers information about where data should reside in memory L2 cache built directly on the processor chip Acronym for arithmetic logic unit component of a processor that performs arithmetic
90. evice storage medium tape Optical disc with a size of three inches or less used by smaller computers and devices Optical disc that can be written on more than once allowing users to save additional data on the disc at a later time See network attached storage Server connected to a network with the sole purpose of providing storage See also NAS Type of storage medium that consists of a flat round portable disc made of metal plastic and lacquer that is written on and read by a laser Storage technique in which magnetic particles are aligned vertically or perpendicular to the disk s surface making much greater storage capacities possible Single session CD ROM that stores digital versions of film using a jpg file format at a lower resolution typically 1024 x 1536 pixels Component of a hard disk that is made of aluminum glass or ceramic and is coated with an alloy material that allows items to be recorded magnetically on its surface Term that refers to smaller external hard disks because they enable users easily to transport photos and other files from one computer to another The capability of a storage medium to be removed from one computer and carried to another computer Redundant array of independent disks group of two or more integrated hard disks Type of data access in which the storage device can locate a particular data item or file immediately without having to move consecutively through items stored in fro
91. f a user removing his or her e mail name and address from a mailing list Process of transferring documents graphics and other objects from a computer to a server on the Internet Unique address for a Web page See also Uniform Resource Locator or Web address Unique combination of characters such as letters of the alphabet and or numbers that identifies a specific user Images displayed in motion Blog that contains video clips Computers used to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three dimensional 3 D space Video blog Short for vlog author Term used to refer to all vlogs worldwide Technology that allows users to speak to other users over the Internet using their desktop computer mobile computer or mobile device See also Internet telephony or VolP Technology that allows users to speak to other users over the Internet using their desktop computer mobile computer or mobile device See also Internet telephony or Voice over IP 3 D environment that contains infinite space and depth created with special VR software Worldwide collection of electronic documents called Web pages the Web is one of the more popular services on the Internet See also World Wide Web or WWW Term used to refer to Web sites that provide a means for users to share personal information allow users to modify Web site content and have application software built into the site for visitors to use Unique address for a Web
92. f its input processing output and storage activities by itself and contains a processor memory and one or more input and output devices and storage devices Lightweight mobile device that provides personal information management functions such as a calendar appointment book address book calculator and notepad See also PDA Specific type of social networking Web site that allows users to create an online photo album and store and share their digital photos Photo or other image sometimes along with sound and text sent to or froma smart phone or other mobile device Recorded audio stored on a Web site that can be downloaded to a computer or a portable media player such as an iPod Mobile device on which you can store organize and play digital media User who requires the capabilities of a workstation or other powerful computer typically working with multimedia applications and using industry specific software Electronic component on a computer s motherboard that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer See also CPU central processing unit Series of instructions that tells a computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them See also software Person who writes and modifies computer programs See also developer Process of creating a Web page and making it available on the Internet for others to see Surgery in which a surgeon performs an operation on a patient who is not lo
93. friendly interface than a DBMS Computing phrase that points out the accuracy of a computer s output depends on the accuracy of the input Geographic information system Type of database that stores maps and other geographic data Database that stores documents such as schedules calendars manuals memos and reports The multiple dimensions in which data is stored in a multidimensional database Database that contains text graphics video and sound Database that contains text links to other types of documents Processed data that conveys meaning and is useful to people Listing of activities that change the contents of a database Detailed data in a data dictionary about the data in a database Database that stores data in dimensions Chapter 10 Page 48 multimedia database normalization numeric check object object query language OQL object oriented database OODB object relational databases organized information primary key principle of least privilege query query by example QBE query language range check record recovery utility relation relational database relationship report generator report writer repository rollback rollforward row Structured Query Language SQL table timely information tuple useful information validation validation rules validity check verifiable information Database that stores images audio clips and or video clips Pro
94. h as radio waves or infrared light waves See also cordless keyboard Chapter 5 Page 24 wireless mouse Battery powered device that transmits data using wireless technology such as radio waves or infrared light waves See also cordless mouse Chapter 5 Page 25 Chapter 6 active matrix display all in one device aspect ratio audio output device bit depth Bluetooth printing Braille printer candela cathode ray tube CRT color depth continuous form paper contrast ratio CRT monitor data projector digital light processing DLP projector digital photo printer digital television DTV display display device DisplayPort dot pitch dot matrix printer dots per inch dpi DVI Digital Video Interface port dye sublimation printer earbuds earphones flat panel display force feedback graphics processing unit GPU LCD monitor or screen technology that uses a separate transistor to apply charges to each liquid crystal cell and thus displays high quality color that is viewable from all angles See also TFT thin film transistor display Output device that looks like a printer or copy machine but provides the functionality of a printer scanner copy machine and perhaps a fax machine See also multifunction peripheral Defines a display s width relative to its height Component of a computer that produces music speech or other sounds such as beeps The number of bits a video card uses
95. hard copy The number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device The time in milliseconds ms that it takes to turn a pixel on or off Video card port that allows users to connect external analog devices such as a television DVD player or video recorder to the computer Speakers positioned around one or two center speakers and positioned so that sound emits from all directions Temporary output presented on a display device Audio output devices that generate sound Speaker component that boosts low bass sounds Super Video Graphics Array video standard with a resolution of 800 x 600 Super XGA video standard with a resolution of 1280 x 1024 Feature included with some input devices that provides the user with a physical response from the device Thin film transistor LCD monitor or screen technology that uses a separate transistor to apply charges to each liquid crystal cell and thus displays high quality color that is viewable from all angles See also active matrix display Type of nonimpact printer that generates images by pushing electrically heated pins against heat sensitive paper Thermal printer that generates images by using heat to melt colored wax onto heat sensitive paper Type of powdered ink that is used by some laser printers and copy machines to produce output Ultra XGA video standard with a resolution of 1600 x 1200 Diagonal measurement of the actual viewing area provided by the screen in a
96. hat can be used in a calculation Application software that allows a user to modify a segment of video called a clip Web based training computer based training that uses Internet technology and consists of application software on the Web Web site that allows users to access and interact with software from any computer or device that is connected to the Internet Web site that allows users to access and interact with software through a Web browser on any computer or device that is connected to the Internet See also Web app Software used to create Web pages that include graphical images video audio animation and other special effects with interactive content Help located on Web sites that provides updates and comprehensive resources to respond to technical issues about software Computer based training that uses Internet technology and consists of application software on the Web Spreadsheet software feature that allows a user to change certain values in a spreadsheet to reveal the effects of those changes Rectangular area of a computer screen that displays data or information One of the more widely used types of application software allows a user to create and manipulate documents containing mostly text and sometimes graphics See also word processor One of the more widely used types of application software allows a user to create and manipulate documents containing mostly text and sometimes graphics See also word proc
97. he relationship of parts to a whole Measure of font size equal to about 1 72 of an inch in height Small symbol displayed on a computer screen whose location and shape changes as a user interacts with a mouse or other pointing device Application software that allows a user to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas messages and other information to a group Placing the copy of a document on paper or some other medium Technique that some software manufacturers use to ensure that software is not installed on more computers than legally licensed Type of image editing software that allows photographers videographers engineers scientists and other high volume digital photo users to edit and customize digital photos Application software that allows a user to plan schedule track and analyze the events resources and costs of a project Free software that has been donated for public use and has no copyright restrictions Request for specific data from a database Each row in a database that contains data about a given person product object or event Application software that provides valuable and thorough information for all individuals Font that does not have the short decorative lines at the upper and lower ends of the characters To transfer a document from a computer s memory to a storage medium Process of moving different portions of a document on the computer s screen into view Font that has
98. ho converts the system design into the appropriate computer language such as Visual Basic 2005 Java C and C Employee who formats and combines text and graphics to produce publication ready materials See also compositor Employee who collects and analyzes evidence found on computers and networks Employee who supervised the development and execution of Internet or e commerce systems works with the company s marketing and customer service divisions Chapter 15 Page 74 end user certifications graphic designer Help desk specialist IBM Certified Professional for Lotus Software IBM Certified Solution Developer IBM Certified Solutions Expert DB2 IBM Certified Solutions Expert Informix IBM Certified Specialist IBM eServer Certified Specialist illustrator Institute for the Certification of Computing Professionals ICCP International Consumer Electronics Show CES IT consultant IT department management information systems MIS management information technology Microsoft Certified Desktop Support Technician MCDST Microsoft Certified IT Professional MCITP Microsoft Certified Professional Developer MCPD Microsoft Certified Systems Administrator MCSA Microsoft Certified Technology Specialist MCTS Microsoft Office Specialist MOS Core Microsoft Office Specialist MOS Expert mobile security specialist NACSE Hardware Software certifications E
99. hort for Web log Author of a Weblog Worldwide collection of blogs Saved Web address that you access by clicking its name in a list See also favorite High speed Internet connection provided through cable DSL fiber radio signals or satellite Application software that allows users to access and view Web pages See also Web browser Established list of friends family and coworkers used in instant messaging E commerce that takes place between businesses The sale of goods and services to the general public High speed Internet access provided through the cable television network via a cable modem Country code TLD top level domain High speed Internet connection for devices with built in compatible technology or computers with wireless modems Real time typed conversation that takes place on a computer Program that allows a user to connect to a chat server to participate in a chat session Location on an Internet server that permits users to chat with each other To move the mouse pointer to a button or link on the computer screen and then to press and release the left mouse button E commerce that occurs when one consumer sells directly to another such as in an online auction Business that gathers and organizes Web content and then distributes or feeds the content to subscribers for free or a fee Internet access that takes place when the modem in your computer connects to the Internet via a standard telephon
100. icts the word you want Series of related instructions that tells a computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them See also software Chapter 5 Page 23 radio frequency identification resolution retinal scanners RFID RFID reader scanner signature capture pad signature verification system source document speech recognition streaming cam studio camera stylus terminal toggle key touch screen touch sensitive pad touchpad trackball turnaround document UPC universal product code user response video capture card video conference video input video telephone call voice input voice recognition voice verification system Web cam wheel whiteboard Wii Remote wireless keyboard Standard specifically a protocol that defines how a network uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object an animal or a person The number of horizontal and vertical pixels in a display device Biometric devices that scan patterns of blood vessels in the back of the retina Short for radio frequency identification standard specifically a protocol that defines how a network uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object an animal or a person Reading device that reads information on an RFID tag via radio waves Light sending input device that reads printed text and graphics and then translates the results into a form the com
101. ients or newsgroups at once Operating system process that sends documents to be printed to a buffer instead of sending them immediately to the printer Program placed on a computer without the user s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user Program that detects and deletes spyware and other similar programs on a user s computer Complete operating system that works on a desktop computer notebook computer or mobile computing device Contains a list of programs that open automatically when you boot a computer Area of the hard disk used for virtual memory An open source multitasking operating system designed for smart phones and allows users to perform a variety of functions in addition to making telephone calls Specific operating system files Programs that control or maintain the operations of a computer and its devices The state of an operating system that spends much of its time paging instead of executing application software Malicious logic program named after the Greek myth that hides within or looks like a legitimate program To restore a compressed or zipped file to its original form See also unzip Utility program that removes a program as well as any associated entries in the system files Multitasking operating system that now is available for most computers of all sizes Chapter 8 Page 37 unzip user ID user interface user name utility utility program virtual memory virtua
102. ier to network Network operating system designed for Web server and Web hosting businesses Chapter 8 Page 39 worm Malicious logic program that copies itself repeatedly using up system resources and possibly shutting down the system zipped files Type of compressed files that usually have a zip extension Chapter 8 Page 40 Chapter 9 10 Gigabit Ethernet 100 Gigabit Ethernet 1G 2G 3G 40 Gigabit Ethernet 4G 802 11 802 16 ADSL asymmetric digital subscriber line ATM bandwidth Bluetooth broadband broadband modem broadcast radio bus bus network cable modem CDMA cellular radio client server network clients coax coaxial cable collaborate collaborative software Ethernet standard that supports transfer rates up to 10 Gbps Ethernet standard that supports transfer rates up to 100 Gbps Abbreviation for first generation used in reference to cellular transmission standards used to transmit analog data Abbreviation for second generation used in reference to cellular transmission standards that transmits digital data at speeds from 9 6 Kbps to 19 2 Kbps Abbreviation for third generation used in reference to cellular transmission standards that transmits digital data at speeds from 144 Kbps to 2 4 Mpbs Ethernet standard that supports transfer rates up to 40 Gbps Abbreviation for fourth generation used in reference to cellular transmission standards that transmits digital data
103. ies for developing object oriented database driven Web sites See also RoR Rails Ruby on Rails Open source framework that provides technologies for developing object oriented database driven Web sites See also Ruby Rails RoR Program error or event that causes the program to stop running Interpreted program that runs on a client Interpreted language that typically is easy to learn and use Type of control structure that tells the program which action to take based on a certain condition Type of control structure that shows one or more actions following each other in order Applet that runs on a server Web page authoring program that is part of the Microsoft Office and SharePoint families of products Object oriented programming language Graphical or written description of the step by step procedures to solve a problem See also program logic Program that contains the language instructions or code to be converted to machine language Query language that allows users to manage update and retrieve data in a relational DBMS Structured design tool that shows program modules graphically See also hierarchy chart Program design approach in which a programmer typically begins with a general design and moves toward a more detailed design See also top down design Contains descriptions of a document s characteristics Smaller sections into which a main routine is broken down by a programmer during structured de
104. in the database sort and retrieve data from the database and create forms and reports from the data in the database See also database software Computer that stores and provides access to a database Program that allows user to create a computerized database add change and delete data in the database sort and retrieve data from the database and create forms and reports from the data in the database See also database management system DBMS Value that a DBMS initially displays in a field Database in which the data exists in many separate locations throughout a network or the Internet Electronic form used as a means to secure data while it is transported across a network A form that sends entered data across a network or the Internet A combination of one or more related characters or bytes a field is the smallest unit of data a user accesses Name that uniquely identifies each field in a database Defines the maximum number of characters a field can contain Procedures that keep data current System used to store and manage data in which each department or area within an organization has its own set of files Window on the screen that provides areas for entering or changing data in a database See also data entry form Technique for recovering data in a database where the DBMS uses the log to reenter changes made to a database since the last save or backup See also rollforward Program that generally has a more user
105. ions as soon as requirements are defined Programming language included with Visual Studio 2010 that combines the benefits of an object oriented language with the benefits of a functional language Web page authoring program by Adobe Systems that enables Web developers to combine interactive content with text graphics audio and video Graphically shows the logic in a solution algorithm See also program flowchart Software used by programmers to help develop flowcharts Window on the screen that provides areas for entering or changing data in a database See also data entry form Programming language similar to C used for small computerized devices FORmula TRANslator One of the first high level programming languages used for scientific applications Nonprocedural language that enables users and programmers to access data in a database Programming language whose natural programming structure is useful in mathematical programs Internal documentation usually at the top of a program that explains the program s purpose and identifies the program name its author and date written Structured design tool that shows program modules graphically See also structure chart Programming language in which each language instruction typically equates to multiple machine instructions Hypertext Markup Language special formatting language that programmers use to format documents for display on the Web Object oriented programming l
106. ironmental waste generated when using a computer Computer small enough to fit in one hand See also handhelds or Ultra Mobile PC UMPC Computers small enough to fit in one hand See also handheld computer ultra personal computer UPC handtop computer Electric electronic and mechanical components contained in a computer Desktop computer that combines the features of a high definition video audio entertainment system with a desktop computer that is designed to be connected to a television and includes a Blu ray Disc digital video recorder and digital cable television connectivity User who spends time on a computer at home Miniature image displayed on a computer screen that represents a program an instruction or some other object Processed data that conveys meaning and is useful to people Series of input process output and storage activities performed by a computer Hardware software data people and procedures that a computer requires to generate information Group of employees who keeps the computers and networks running and determines when the company requires new hardware or software Any hardware component that allows users to enter data and instructions into a computer Process of setting up software to work with the computer printer and other hardware components Real time Internet communication where you exchange messages with other connected users Steps that tell the computer how to perform a
107. ise Edition Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition Windows Sidebar Windows SideShow Windows Touch Windows Vista Windows Vista Business Windows Vista Home Basic Windows Vista Home Premium Windows Vista Ultimate Windows Web Server Windows 7 video editing and sharing feature Windows 7 photo editing and sharing feature Windows 7 blogging feature Windows 7 program that allows users to listen to Internet radio stations play MP3 and other music formats copy music and data to CDs and watch movies Windows Vista program that allows users to send and receive instant messages Embedded operating system that includes functionality programs and a user interface designed for specific types of smart phones An image viewer that is included with Windows Vista which also allows you to manage and edit photos Windows image viewer that allows you to print and e mail photos Windows feature that can increase the size of memory by allocating available storage space on removable flash memory devices as additional memory cache Server operating system designed by Microsoft that is an upgrade to Windows Server 2003 including Web server management enhanced server security network access protection and protection against malware features Collection of network operating system products including Windows Server 2008 for Itanium Based Systems Windows Server 2008 Standard Edition Windows Server 2008 Enterprise E
108. iter trade school user group video resume VoIP specialist Web administrator Web designer Web software developer Webmaster wireless network administrator management systems Person responsible for designing and developing an information system See also system developer Employee who installs and maintains operating system software and provides technical support to the programming staff Security certification that tests basic knowledge of access controls cryptography data communications and malicious code Employee who works with the analyst programmer and user to create system documentation and user materials Educational institution that offers programs primarily in areas of programming Web design and development graphics design hardware maintenance networking personal computer support and security Also called a technical school vocational school or career college Collection of people with common computer equipment or software interests that meets regularly to share information Resume in video form posted to Web sites Employee who installs and monitors communications equipment and software maintains Internet WAN connections See also data communications analyst Employee who maintains an organization s Web site creates or helps users create Web pages oversees Web site performance See also Webmaster Employee who develops graphical content using Photoshop Flash and other multimedia too
109. ith other registered users Term used by users of relational databases for field Validity check that verifies that a required field contains data Primary key that consists of multiple fields Database that stores data about engineering architectural and scientific designs Validity check that tests the data in two or more associated field to ensure that the relationship is logical and their data is in the correct format Backup plan in which all data is backed up whenever a change is made Information that gives more value than it costs to produce Collection of unprocessed items which can include text numbers images audio and video A DBMS element that contains data about each file in a database and each field in those files See also repository Window on the screen that provides areas for entering or changing data in a database See also form Collection of related records stored on a storage medium such as a hard disk CD or DVD The quality of data that is entered in a database Smaller version of a data warehouse that contains a database that helps a specific group or department make decisions Process used with data warehouses to find patterns and relationships among data Rules and standards that define how a database organizes data Chapter 10 Page 47 data modeler data type data warehouse database database administrator DBA database analyst DA database approach database management syst
110. ium until they are needed Software provided for use modification and redistribution Set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware devices Amount of data and program instructions that can swap at a given time Technique of swapping items between memory and storage Scaled down operating system that runs on smart phones and PDAs Private combination of characters associated with a user name that allows access to certain computer resources Operating system program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices Define who can access certain resources and when they can access those resources Utility program that identifies and fixes operating system problems detects and repairs disk problems and includes the capability of improving a computer s performance Utility program that detects and protects a personal computer from unauthorized intrusions Scam in which a perpetrator attempts to obtain your personal and or financial information Program that warns or blocks you from potentially fraudulent or suspicious Web sites Windows Vista feature that helps users locate files by showing thumbnails that preview documents content and allowing users to adjust thumbnail size to view document without opening it Set of programs containing instructions that coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources Technolog
111. jor software companies to promote a better understanding of software piracy problems and if necessary to take legal action Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart program used by some Web sites to provide further protection for a user s password by verifying that user input is not computer generated Inflammation of the nerve that connects the forearm to the palm of the wrist Federally funded Internet security research and development center Authorized person or company that issues and verifies digital certificates Term used in three generation backups to refer to the most recent copy of the file Encrypted scrambled data Scam in which an object that can be clicked on a Web site such as a button image or link contains a malicious program Written guidelines that help determine whether a specific computer action is ethical or unethical Chapter 11 Page 50 computer addiction computer crime Computer Emergency Response Team Coordination Center computer ethics computer forensics computer security risk computer vision syndrome content filtering cookie copyright cracker crimeware CVS cybercrime cyberextortionist cyberforensics cyberterrorist cyberwarfare cypher DDoS distributed DoS attack decrypt denial of service attack digital certificate digital forensics digital rights management DRM digital signature DoS attack DRM e mail filteri
112. k interface that is much faster than USB and FireWire Removable flash memory device that can be used to add memory storage communications multimedia and security capabilities to a computer Separate freestanding hard disk that connects with a cable to a USB port or FireWire port on the system unit Name sometimes given to the hard disk mounted inside a system unit Term that refers to the size of platters in a hard disk Process of dividing a disk into tracks and sectors so that the operating system can store and locate data and information on the disk Gigabytes per second Type of storage device that contains one or more inflexible circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data instructions and information See also hard disk drive Type of storage device that contains one or more inflexible circular platters that use magnetic particles to store data instructions and information See also hard disk High density format that potentially will contain up to 20 layers each with a capacity of 5 GB Type of hard disk failure that occurs when a read write head touches the surface of a platter Protective case that is used to store optical discs when not in use Kilobytes per second Technology used by some optical drives that can etch labels directly on a specially coated optical disc as opposed to placing an adhesive label on the disc Storage technique in which magnetic particles are aligned horizontally ar
113. le input multiple output Multimedia message service service that allows users to send graphics pictures video clips and sound files as well as short text messages to another smart phone or other personal mobile device Service that provides television programs over the cellular network ISDN line technique of carrying three or more signals at once through the same line Collection of computers and devices connected together via communications devices and transmission media allowing computers to share resources The design of computers devices and media in a network Communications device that enables a computer or device that does not have built in networking capability to access a network See also network interface card NIC Communications device that enables a computer or device that does not have built in Chapter 9 Page 43 card NIC network license network server network standard network topology node noise online meeting optical fiber P2P packet switching packets PCS peer peer to peer network phoneline network physical transmission media picture messaging powerline cable network print server protocol public switched telephone network PSTN radio frequency identification receiving device RFID ring network router sending device server short message service site license SMS networking capability to access a network See also network card Legal agree
114. lization virus virus author warm boot Web filtering software widget Windows 7 Windows 7 Home Premium Windows 7 Professional Windows 7 Starter Windows 7 Ultimate Windows Aero Windows Calendar Windows Contacts Windows Defender Windows DVD Maker Windows Embedded CE Windows Firewall Windows Live Essentials Windows Live Mail Windows Live Messenger To restore a compressed or zipped file to its original form See also uncompress Unique combination of characters such as letters of the alphabet and or numbers that identifies a specific user See also user name The portion of software that defines how a user interacts with a computer including how the user enters data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen Unique combination of characters such as letters of the alphabet and or numbers that identifies a specific user Type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance type tasks usually related to managing a computer its devices or its programs Type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance type tasks usually related to managing a computer its devices or its programs A portion of a storage medium usually the hard disk that the operating system allocates to function as additional RAM Practice of sharing or pooling computing resources such as servers Potentially damaging computer program that affects or inf
115. ls Employee who analyzes designs implements and supports Web applications works with HTML Ajax JavaScript and multimedia Employee who maintains an organization s Web site creates or helps users create Web pages oversees Web site performance See also Web administrator Employee who installs configures and maintains LANs WANs wireless networks intranets and Internet systems identifies and resolves connectivity issues See also network administrator Chapter 15 Page 77
116. ly at the location where the transaction or event takes place Mobile device that allows users to take pictures and stores the photographed images digitally instead of on traditional film Input device that allows users to write or draw on the screen by pressing the pen and issue instructions to a Tablet PC by tapping on the screen Video camera that records video as digital signals instead of as analog signals Large scale application term for a graphics tablet See also graphics tablet With digital cameras refers to transferring a copy of images from the digital camera to the computer s hard disk Self service DVD rental machine that connects to a host computer through a network Keyboard that has twelve function keys along the top two Control CTRL keys and two Alternate ALT keys along the bottom and a set of keys and additional keys between the typing area and the numeric keypad Digital camera resolution calculated by a special formula that adds pixels between those generated by optical resolution Keyboard whose design reduces the chance of wrist or hand injuries Chapter 5 Page 21 ergonomics face recognition system field camera fingerprint reader flatbed scanner function keys game controller gamepad gaming keyboard gesture recognition graphics tablet hand geometry system handwriting recognition software head mounted pointer image processing image processing system input in
117. mation processing managers Process of verifying the technical knowledge of an individual who has demonstrated competence in a particular area Digital forensics certification that tests core knowledge of acquisition marking handling and storage of computer evidence using a particular operating system Digital forensics certification that tests in depth knowledge of forensic imaging examination collection and reporting Digital forensics certification that tests basic knowledge of forensic ethics imaging examination collection and reporting Digital forensics certification that tests in depth knowledge of forensic imaging examination collection and reporting Digital forensics certification that tests knowledge of information forensics in areas related to auditing incident response law and investigation tools and techniques traceback and countermeasures Security certification that tests in depth knowledge of access control methods information systems development cryptography operations security physical security and network and Internet security Internet certification that tests knowledge of Web development security and administration Programmer developer certification that tests basic knowledge of software development processes and tools Programmer developer certification that tests advanced knowledge of software development process and tools Internet certification that tests advanced knowledge in are
118. mation stored on computers and mobile devices within an organization See also computer security specialist Hardware certification that tests basic knowledge of personal computers operating Chapter 15 Page 75 Technician network administrator network security administrator Network Novell Certified Administrator NCA Novell Certified Engineer NCE Novell Certified Linux Professional CLP Oracle Certified Professional OCP project leader manager quality assurance specialist Red Hat Certified Engineer RHCE Red Hat Certified Technician RHCT security administrator Security Certified Network Architect SCNA Security Certified Network Professional SCNP Security Certified Network Specialist SCNS software engineering special interest groups SIGs sponsoring organizations storage administrator analyst Sun Certified Enterprise Architect SCEA Sun Certified Java Developer SCJD Sun Certified Java Programmer SCJP Sun Certified Mobile Application Developer SCMAD Sun Certified Network Administrator SCNA Sun Certified System Administrator SCSA Sybase Certified systems and cabling Employee who installs configures and maintains LANs WANs wireless networks intranets and Internet systems identifies and resolves connectivity issues See also wireless network administrator Employee who configures routers and firewalls specifies Web protocols and
119. ment bank and other similar cards See also magsiripe reader Technology that reads text printed with magnetized ink Reading device that reads the magnetic stripe on the back of credit entertainment bank and other similar cards See also magnetic stripe card reader Technology that reads text printed with magnetized ink Reading device that converts MICR characters into a form that a computer can process Touch screen with a 30 inch tabletop display that allows one or more people to interact with the screen using their fingers or hands Input devices used with computer and video games that allow the user to guide on screen elements by moving a handheld input device in predetermined directions through the air Chapter 5 Page 22 mouse mouse gestures mouse pointer MP multi touch music production software OCR optical character recognition software OCR devices on screen keyboard optical character recognition OCR optical mark recognition OMR optical mouse optical reader optical resolution optical scanner PC video camera pen input personal identification number PIN photo scanner pixel pixels per inch ppi point and shoot camera pointer pointing device pointing stick portable keyboard POS terminal predictive text input program Pointing device that fits comfortably under the palm of a user s hand Capability that allows users to perform certain operations by h
120. ment that allows multiple users to access the software on a server simultaneously Server that manages network traffic Guidelines that specify the way computers access the medium to which they are attached the type s of medium used the speeds used on different types of networks and the type s of physical cable and or the wireless technology used Layout of computers and devices in a communications network Term used to refer to each computer or device on a network Electrical disturbance that can degrade communications Meeting conducted online that allows users to share documents with others in real time Single strand of a fiber optic cable Type of peer to peer network on which users access each other s hard disks and exchange files directly over the Internet See also file sharing network Network technique of breaking a message into individual packets sending the packets along the best route available and then reassembling the data Small pieces into which messages are divided by TCP IP Personal Communications Services term used by the U S Federal Communications Commission FCC to identify all wireless digital communications Any of the computers on a peer to peer network Simple inexpensive network that typically connects fewer than 10 computers Easy to install and inexpensive home network that uses existing telephone lines in the home Type of media that use wire cable and other tangible materials to send c
121. ment with another firm where one firm provides space and sometimes equipment to the other in case of a disaster Component of a disaster recovery plan that specifies the actions to be taken to restore full information processing operations Components used so that a functioning computer can take over automatically the tasks of a similar component that fails A DBMS element that contains data about each file in a database and each field in those files See also data dictionary Software that equips traveling salespeople with the electronic tools they need to be more productive Measure of how well computer hardware software or an information system can grow to meeting increasing performance demands Software that enables an IT department to limit access to sensitive information Chapter 14 Page 71 server virtualization service oriented architecture SOA small and medium sized business SMB storage appliance storage area network SAN storage virtualization strategic decisions striping summary report supporting activities tactical decisions tape library technical lead test plan thin client transaction transaction processing system TPS ultradense server uptime virtual private network VPN virtualization VPN tunnel Web farming Web services Web site management programs workflow workflow application Capability to logically divide a physical server into many virtual serv
122. mployee who develops visual impressions of products for advertisements and marketing materials Employee who answers hardware software or networking questions in person over the telephone and or in a chat room Application software certification that tests a user s knowledge of Lotus programs Programmer developer certification that tests knowledge of developing XML applications with Web services Database certification that tests skills of administration of the DB2 database management system Database certification that tests advanced skills of administration of the Informix database management system Operating system certification that tests knowledge of AIX operating system and network security Hardware certification that tests knowledge of IBM eServer line Employee who develops visual impressions of products for advertisements and marketing materials Professional organization that offers certifications and defines standards designed to raise the competence level for the computer industry Large technology trade show which brings together more than 130 000 attendees Employee typically hired based on computer expertise who provides computer services to his or her clients Group of employees who work together as a team to meet the information requirements of their organization and are responsible for keeping all the computer operations and networks running smoothly Curriculum that teaches students technical kno
123. mputer integrated manufacturing CIM content management system CMS controlling core activities customer interaction management CIM customer relationship management CRM data center data processing data warehouse Technique used by engineers that allows them to interact with a product without the need to build a prototype The application of human intelligence to computers Measure of how often hardware is online Component of a disaster recovery plan that specifies how a company uses backup files and equipment to resume information processing Processing technique in which the computer collects data over time and processes all transactions later as a group Single card in a blade server Complete computer server such as a Web server or network server packed on a single card See also ultradense servers Component in which blades in a blade server are held Several types of applications and technologies for acquiring storing analyzing and providing access to information to help users make more sound business decisions Automation that provides easy exchange of information among business applications reduces the need for human intervention in processes and utilizes software to automate processes wherever possible Set of activities that enterprises perform to optimize their business processes such as accounting and finance hiring employees and purchasing goods and services Approach to information
124. n a single chip Approximately one trillion bytes Element of an integrated circuit that can act as an electronic switch that opens or closes the circuit for electrical charges 16 bit coding scheme that has the capability of representing more than 65 000 characters and symbols Port that can connect up to 127 different peripherals with a single connector type See also USB port More advanced and faster type of USB See also Hi Speed USB USB that is more than 10 times faster than USB 2 0 Flash memory storage device that plugs in a USB port on a computer or portable device Device that plugs in a USB port on the system unit and contains multiple USB ports in which cables from USB devices can be plugged Port that can connect up to 127 different peripherals with a single connector type See also universal serial bus port Adapter card that converts computer output to a video signal that travels through a cable to a monitor which displays an image on the screen See also graphics card Type of memory that loses its contents when a computer s power is turned off Technology used by Intel s dual core and multi core processors that provides the capability to track computer hardware and software diagnose and resolve computer Chapter 4 Page 19 problems and secure computers from outside threats Windows ReadyBoost Windows feature that can allocate available storage space on removable flash memory devices as additional cache
125. nection point for nodes on a network Home network that extends basic network capabilities to include features such as lighting control thermostat adjustment and a security system An internal network that uses Internet technologies Network standard used to transmit data wirelessly via infrared IR light waves Integrated Services Digital Network set of standards for digital transmission of data over standard copper telephone lines Modem that sends digital data and information from a computer to an ISDN line and receives digital data and information from an ISDN line The time it takes a signal to travel from one location to another on a network Requirement for infrared that the sending device and the receiving device be in line with each other so that nothing obstructs the path of the infrared light wave Network that connects computers and devices in a limited geographical area such as a home school computer laboratory office building or closely positioned group of buildings Web application that combines services from two or more sources creating a new application High speed network that connects local area networks in a metropolitan area such as a city or town and handles the bulk of communications activity across that region Earth based reflective dish that contains the antenna transceivers and other equipment necessary for microwave communications Radio waves that provide a high speed signal transmission Multip
126. net transmission appear legitimate to a victim computer or network Program placed on a computer without the user s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user Service set identifier Type of UPS device that switches to battery power when a problem occurs in the power line See also offline UPS Device that uses special electrical components to smooth out minor noise provide a stable current flow and keep an overvoltage from reaching the computer and other electronic equipment See also surge suppressor Device that uses special electrical components to smooth out minor noise provide a stable current flow and keep an overvoltage from reaching the computer and other electronic equipment See also surge protector Type of encryption where both the originator and the recipient use the same secret key to encrypt and decrypt the data See also private key encryption Prolonged malfunction of a computer Inflammation of a tendon due to repeated motion or stress on that tendon Backup policy that preserves three copies of important files the grandparent the parent and the child Successor to Secure Sockets Layer SSL a security technique that provides encryption of all data that passes between a client and an Internet server Program named after the Greek myth that hides within or looks like a legitimate program Company or person a user believes will not send a virus infected file knowingly Use of a computer
127. networks Windows 7 edition that includes all features of Windows 7 Home Premium and provides additional features designed to keep files secure and support for 35 languages Interface for computers with more than 1 GB of RAM that provides an enhanced visual look additional navigation options and animation Windows 7 feature that allows you to coordinate your schedule with others schedules Windows Vista feature that allows you to organize name and address information Windows 7 security feature that protects your computer from spyware Windows 7 feature that allows users to create DVDs from digital videos Scaled down Windows operating system designed for use on communications entertainment and computing devices with limited functionality Windows 7 s built in personal firewall that protects computers or a network from hackers Windows 7 feature that includes programs for instant messaging photo editing and sharing e mail blogging and video editing and sharing Windows 7 e mail feature Windows 7 instant messaging feature Chapter 8 Page 38 Windows Live Movie Maker Windows Live Photo Gallery Windows Live Writer Windows Media Player Windows Messenger Windows Phone 7 Windows Photo Gallery Windows Photo Viewer Windows ReadyBoost Windows Server 2008 Windows Server 2008 family Windows Server 2008 for Itanium Based Systems Windows Server 2008 Datacenter Windows Server 2008 Enterpr
128. ng e mail spoofing employee monitoring encryption Growing health problem that occurs when the computer consumes someone s entire social life Any illegal act involving a computer Federally funded Internet security research and development center See also CERT CC Moral guidelines that govern the use of computers and information systems The discovery collection and analysis of evidence found on computers and networks See also cyberforensics digital forensics or network forensics Any event or action that could cause a loss of or damage to computer hardware software data information or processing capability Eyestrain due to prolonged computer usage Process of restricting access to certain material on the Web Small text file that a Web server stores on a computer Exclusive rights given to authors and artists to duplicate publish and sell their materials Someone who accesses a computer or network illegally with the intent of destroying data stealing information or other malicious action Software used by cybercriminals Eyestrain due to prolonged computer usage Online or Internet based illegal acts Someone who uses e mail as a vehicle for extortion The discovery collection and analysis of evidence found on computers and networks See also computer forensics digital forensics or network forensics Someone who uses the Internet or network to destroy or damage computers for political reasons
129. nowledge of installing configuring and operating LAN WAN and dial up access services for small networks Networking certification that tests advanced knowledge of installing configuring and operating LANs and WANs Employee who formats and combines text and graphics to produce publication ready materials See also desktop publisher Curriculum that teaches students how to design and develop the electronic components found in computers and peripheral devices Consists of manufacturers and distributors of computers and computer related hardware such as magnetic and optical drives monitors printers and communications and networking devices Employee who designs computer games and translates the design into a computer program using an appropriate computer language Curriculum that teaches students technical knowledge and skills and focuses on how to apply these skills Also called management information systems MIS or management information technology See also information technology IT Employee who performs equipment related activities such as monitoring performance running jobs backup and restore Job that requires a general understanding of computers and a specific knowledge of the product being sold Curriculum that focuses on the theory of programming and operating systems Professional who teaches basic computer courses in addition to specialized classes such as computer engineering Internet development networking
130. nt of the desired data item or file See also direct access Mechanism in a disk drive that reads items or writes items as it barely touches the disk s recording surface Process of transferring data instructions and information from a storage medium into memory Hard disk that can be inserted and removed from a drive The number of times per minute that a hard disk platter rotates Process of copying audio and or video data from a purchased disc and saving it on digital media Newer type of SCSI that uses serial signals to transfer data instructions and information Hard disk interface that uses serial signals to transfer data instructions and information and has transfer rates of up to 300 MBps and higher Small computer system interface The physical material on which a computer keeps data instructions and information The small arcs into which tracks on a disk are divided Memory card capable of storing between 512 MB and 8 GB of data Memory card capable of storing between 4 and 32 GB of data Type of data access in which the storage device reads or writes data consecutively Disc on which manufacturers write all items at one time Card similar in size to a credit card or ATM card that stores data on a thin microprocessor embedded in the card Storage device that typically uses flash memory to store data instructions and information Term used to refer to components that consist entirely of electronic compone
131. nts such as integrated circuits and contain no moving parts Location in which data instructions and information are held for future use Hardware used to record write and or read items to and from storage media The physical material on which a computer keeps data instructions and information Magnetically coated ribbon of plastic capable of storing large amounts of data and information at a low cost Chapter 7 Page 32 tape cartridge tape drive tape library thumb drive track transfer rate U3 smart drive UMD USB flash drive writing xD Picture Card Small rectangular plastic housing for tape Device used to read and write data and information on tape Separate cabinet for larger computers in which tape cartridges are mounted Flash memory device that plugs in a USB port on a computer or portable device See also USB flash drive Narrow recording band that forms a full circle on the surface of a disk The speed at which data instructions and information transfer to and from a device Special type of USB flash drive that includes preinstalled software accessed through a Windows type interface Universal Media Disc Mini DVD used specifically with the PlayStation Portable handheld game console Flash memory storage device that plugs in a USB port on a computer or portable device See also thumb drive Process of transferring data instructions and information from memory to a storage medium Memory card c
132. o another storage medium Programs that are running but not in use Utility program that allows users to copy or back up selected files or an entire hard disk to another storage medium such as another hard disk optical disc USB flash drive or tape Firmware that contains the computer s startup instructions Basic input output system firmware that contains the computer s startup instructions Operating system that runs on handheld devices supplied by RIM Research In Motion Special disk that contains a few system files capable of starting a computer which is used when the computer cannot boot from its hard disk See also recovery disk Drive from which a personal computer boots starts Process of starting or restarting a computer Segment of memory or storage in which items are placed while waiting to be transferred from an input device or to an output device Program errors Term used to refer to some stand alone operating systems that also work in conjunction with a server operating system Process of turning on a computer that has been powered off completely The set of commands entered into a computer with a command line interface Type of user interface in which a user types commands or presses special keys on the keyboard such as function keys or key combinations to enter data and instructions To shrink the size of a file Program that runs the same on multiple operating systems Reorganizing a disk so tha
133. olding a mouse button while moving the mouse in a particular pattern Small symbol displayed on a computer screen whose location and shape changes as a user moves a mouse One million pixels Term used to describe touch screens that recognize multiple points of contact at the same time Software that allows users to record compose mix and edit music and sounds Software that enables scanners to read and convert text documents into electronic files Optical character recognition devices that include small optical scanners for reading characters and sophisticated software to analyze what is read Type of keyboard sometimes used by physically challenged users in which a graphic of a standard keyboard is displayed on the user s screen Optical reader technology that involves reading typewritten computer printed or hand printed characters from ordinary documents and translating the images to a form that a computer can process Optical reader technology that reads hand drawn marks such as small circles or rectangles Mouse that uses devices such as optical sensors or lasers that emit and sense light to detect the mouse s movement Device that uses a light source to read characters marks and codes and then converts them into digital data that a computer can process The actual photographed resolution at which a digital camera can capture a digital image Light sensing input device that reads printed text and graphics and
134. ommunications signals Wireless messaging service that allows users to send pictures and sound files as well as short text messages to a phone PDA or computer See also MMS multimedia message service Type of home network that uses the same lines that bring electricity into the house and requires no additional wiring Server that manages printers and print jobs Standard that outlines characteristics of how two network devices communicate Worldwide telephone system that handles voice oriented telephone calls Standard specifically a protocol that defines how a network uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object an animal or a person Device that accepts the transmission of data instructions or information Short for radio frequency identification standard specifically a protocol that defines how a network uses radio signals to communicate with a tag placed in or attached to an object an animal or a person Type of network topology in which a cable forms a closed loop ring with all computers and devices arranged along the ring Communications device that connects multiple computers or other routers together and transmits data to its correct destination on a network Device that initiates instructions to transmit data instructions or information Computer that controls access to the hardware software and other resources on a network and provides a centralized storage area for p
135. ondition is met See also loop DBMS feature that allows users to design a report on the screen retrieve data into the report design and then display or print the report See also report generator Restructured Extended Executor Procedural interpreted scripting language for both professional programmers and nontechnical users Restructured Extended Executor Procedural interpreted scripting language for both professional programmers and nontechnical users Ruby on Rails open source framework that provides technologies for developing object oriented database driven Web sites See also Ruby Rails Ruby on Rails Report Program Generator programming language used to assist businesses in generating Chapter 13 Page 65 RSS 2 0 Ruby Ruby on Rails run time error script scripting language selection control structure sequence control structure serviet SharePoint Designer Smalitalk solution algorithm source program SQL structure chart structured design style sheet subroutines symbolic address symbolic instruction codes syntax syntax error tags Tcl test data third generation language 3GL Tool Command Language ToolBook top down design validate VBScript Visual Basic reports and to access update data in databases Really Simple Syndication specification that content aggregators use to distribute content to subscribers Ruby on Rails Open source framework that provides technolog
136. or lose its contents Variation of a PROM chip that allows a programmer to erase microcode with an electric signal Short for external SATA special purpose port that allows you to connect an external SATA Serial Advanced Technology Attachment hard disk to a computer Processor operation that carries out commands part of the machine cycle Bus that allows the processor to communicate with peripherals Circuit board that enhances functions of a component of a system unit and or provides connections to peripherals See also adapter card Socket on a motherboard that can hold an adapter card Removable flash memory device that adds memory communications multimedia and security capabilities to mobile computers Special type of expansion slot in desktop notebook and mobile computers that holds an ExpressCard Drive bay that allows users to access openings in the bay from outside the system unit Special purpose port that allows you to connect an external SATA Serial Advanced Technology Attachment hard disk to a computer A high speed IrDA port Processor operation that obtains a program instruction or data item from memory Expansion bus that eliminates the need to install cards in expansion slots Device that plugs in a FireWire port on the system unit and contains multiple FireWire ports in which you plug cables from FireWire devices Port that can connect multiple types of devices that require faster data transmission spe
137. or more people are online and then allows the user to exchange messages or files or join a private chat room with those people Software used by people to participate in instant messaging Worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses government agencies educational institutions and individuals See also Net Major carriers of network traffic on the Internet Technology that allows users to speak to other users over the Internet See also Voice over IP Internet Protocol or VoIP A number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet New IP addressing scheme that may increase the number of available IP addresses Regional or national Internet access provider Joint Photographic Experts Group format that compresses graphics to reduce their file size Each word entered as search text when using a search engine Built in connection to another related Web page or part of a Web page Short for hyperlink E commerce that takes place using mobile devices Group of e mail names and addresses given a single name Also called an e mail list or a distribution list Specific type of online social network that enables members to share media such as photos music and videos Popular Web based type of discussion group that does not require a newsreader Blog that allows users to publish short messages usually between 100 and 200 characters for others to read Special type of browser
138. ortable media player power user processor program programmer publish remote surgery resources run server slate tablet small office home office SOHO traditional notebook computer Collection of computers and devices connected together often wirelessly via communications devices and transmission media allowing computers to share resources System that attempts to imitate the behavior of the human brain Portable personal computer often designed to fit on your lap See also laptop computer Describes the state of a computer when it is connected to a network Online connection to a bank s computer to access account balances pay bills and copy monthly transactions to a user s computer Use of a computer to buy and sell stocks and bonds online without using a broker Online community that encourages its members to share their interests ideas stories photos music and videos with other registered users See also social networking Web site Set of programs that coordinates all the activities among computer hardware devices Any hardware component that conveys information to one or more people Any personal computer based on the original IBM personal computer design PDA Lightweight mobile device that provides personal information management functions such as a calendar appointment book address book calculator and notepad See also personal digital assistant Computer that can perform all o
139. ound the surface of the disk Credit card entertainment card bank card or other similar card with a stripe that contains information identifying you and the card Megabytes per second Removable flash memory device usually no bigger than 1 5 in height or width that you insert and remove from a slot in a computer mobile device or card reader writer Type of miniature mobile storage medium that is a memory card capable of storing between 1 and 16 GB of data Memory card capable of storing between 1 and 16 GB of data A small sheet of film usually about 4 inches by 6 inches in size on which microscopic images of documents are stored A roll of film usually 100 to 215 feet long on which microscopic images of documents are stored Memory card capable of storing between 1 and 2 GB of data Memory card capable of storing between 4 and 16 GB of data Chapter 7 Page 31 mini discs multisession NAS network attached storage optical disc perpendicular recording Picture CD platter pocket hard drive portable RAID random access read write head reading removable hard disk revolutions per minute rpm ripping SAS serial attached SCs SATA Serial Advanced Technology Attachment SCSI secondary storage sectors Secure Digital SD Secure Digital High Capacity SDHC sequential access single session disc smart card solid state drive SSD solid state media storage storage d
140. ows programmers easily to build complex task oriented object based programs Chapter 13 Page 66 Visual Basic for Applications VBA Visual Basic Scripting Edition Visual C Visual C visual programming environment VPE visual programming language Visual Studio Visual Studio Tools for Office VSTO Web developers Web page authoring software WML XHTML XML XSL XSLT Programming language that can work with Visual Studio Tools for Office or a similar language as their macro programming language Subset of the Visual Basic language that allows programmers to add intelligence and interactivity to Web pages Programming language that combines programming elements of C with an easier rapid development environment Programming language based on C Graphical interface in a visual programming language that allows programmers to drag and drop objects to develop programs Programming language that uses a visual or graphical interface for creating all source code Suite of program development tools from Microsoft that assists programmers in building programs for Windows Windows Mobile or operating systems that support Microsoft s NET framework A set of tools integrated in Visual Studio that enables developers to create programs that work with Microsoft s Office suite including Word Excel PowerPoint Outlook and Project Designers of Web pages Software used to create Web pages that inclu
141. product s 25 character identification number in order to receive an installation identification number Server outside a company s network that controls which communications pass into the company s network Type of encryption that uses two encryption keys a public key and a private key See also asymmetric key encryption Separate area of a hard disk that holds the infected file until a virus can be removed Safeguard used by some businesses to track and identify the location of high risk or high value items Injury or disorder of the muscles nerves tendons ligaments and joints To copy backed up files by copying them to their original location on the computer Program that hides in a computer and allows someone from a remote location to take full control of the computer Someone who accesses a computer or network illegally with the intent of destroying data stealing information or other malicious action but does not have the technical Chapter 11 Page 53 secure HTTP S HTTP secure site Secure Sockets Layer SSL selective backup session cookie single user license agreement social engineering software theft spam spike spim spit spoofing spyware SSID standby UPS surge protector surge suppressor symmetric key encryption system failure tendonitis three generation backup Transport Layer Security TLS Trojan horse trusted source unauthorized access unauthorized use under
142. ps 1 analyze requirements 2 design solution 3 validate design 4 implement design 5 test solution and 6 document solution Program that provides a user friendly environment for building programs Graphically shows the logic in a solution algorithm See also flowchart Graphical or written description of the step by step procedures to solve a problem See also solution algorithm Person who creates and modifies computer programs See also developer Set of words abbreviations and symbols that enables a programmer to communicate instructions to a computer A group of programmers that may develop programs during the program development cycle PROgramming LOGic Programming language used for development of artificial intelligence applications Design tool that uses a condensed form of English to convey program logic Rapid application development method of developing software in which a programmer writes and implements a program in segments instead of waiting until an entire program is completed Ruby on Rails open source framework that provides technologies for developing object oriented database driven Web sites See also Ruby RoR Ruby on Rails Method of developing software in which a programmer writes and implements a program in segments instead of waiting until an entire program is completed Type of control structure that enables a program to perform one or more actions repeatedly as long as a certain c
143. put device insertion point iris recognition system joystick keyboard keyguard kiosk laser mouse light gun magnetic stripe card reader magnetic ink character recognition magstripe reader MICR MICR reader Microsoft Surface motion sensing game controllers The science of incorporating comfort efficiency and safety into the design of the workplace Biometric device that captures a live face image and compares it with a stored image to determine if the person is a legitimate user Portable digital camera with many lenses and other attachments Biometric device that captures curves and indentations of a fingerprint and compares them with those of a stored image Type of light sensing input device that scans a document and creates a file of the document in memory instead of a paper copy Special keys programmed to issue commands to a computer Input device that directs movements and actions of on screen objects in video and computer games Input device that controls the movement and actions of players or objects in video games or computer games Keyboard designed specifically for users who enjoy playing games on the computer Computer s capability of detecting human motion Flat rectangular electronic plastic board that is used to create drawings and sketches Biometric device that measures the shape and size of a person s hand and compares these measurements to stored measurements Software that tr
144. puter can process See also optical scanner Pen input device that captures handwritten signatures with a stylus or pen that is attached to the device Biometric device that recognizes the shape of a person s handwritten signature and measures the pressure exerted and the motion used to write the signature Document that contains the original form of data to be processed Computer s capability of distinguishing spoken words See also voice recognition Type of Web cam that has the illusion of moving images because it sends a continual stream of still images Stationary camera used for professional studio work Small metal or plastic device that looks like a ballpoint pen but uses pressure instead of ink to write draw or make selections Device that consists of a keyboard a monitor a video card and memory which often all are housed in a single unit Key that switches between two states each time a user presses the key Touch sensitive display device with which users interact by touching areas of the screen Input device that enables users to scroll through and play music view pictures watch videos or movies adjust volume and or customize settings Small flat rectangular pointing device that is sensitive to pressure and motion Stationary pointing device with a ball on its top or side Document that a user returns to the company that has created and sent it Bar code used by retail and grocery stores An instruction a
145. r that usually provides Internet access to a specific geographic area Organization that sells and manages domain names Really Simple Syndication Specification that content aggregators use to distribute content to subscribers Provides high speed Internet connections via satellite to a satellite dish that communicates with a satellite modem Program that finds Web sites Web pages images videos news maps and other information related to a specific topic Word or phrase entered in a search engine s text box that describes the item you want to find See also search text Word or phrase entered in a search engine s text box that describes the item you want to find See also search query Element of an electronic storefront that allows a customer to collect purchases Acronym for simple mail transfer protocol communications protocol used by some outgoing mail servers Web site that encourages members in its online community to share their interests ideas stories photos music and videos with other registered users See also online social network Unsolicited e mail message or newsgroups posting sent to many recipients or newsgroups at once Program used to build and maintain lists of words found on Web sites Message that reveals a solution to a game or ending to a movie or program A fixed Web page where visitors all see the same content Process of transferring data in a continuous and even flow Transfer of audio da
146. raphics and video information See also display Port that is an alternative to DVI that also supports HDMI The distance in millimeters between pixels on a display device See also pixel pitch Type of impact printer that produces printed images when tiny wire pins on a print head mechanism strike an inked ribbon Printer resolution measurement of the number of dots a printer can print Video card port that enables digital signals to transmit directly to an LCD monitor Thermal printer that uses heat to transfer color dye to specially coated paper creating images of photographic quality See also digital photo printer Audio output device that rests inside the ear canal See also earphones Audio output device that rests inside the ear canal See also earbuds Display device with a shallow depth and flat screen that typically uses LCD or gas plasma technology Technology that sends resistance to a joystick or wheel in response to actions of the user Chip that controls the manipulation and display of graphics on a display device Chapter 6 Page 26 hard copy HDMI High Definition Media Interface port HDTV head mounted display headphones headset high definition television impact printer infrared printing ink jet printer interactive whiteboard Internet postage label printer landscape orientation large format printer laser printer LCD monitor LCD projector line printer liquid crystal displ
147. reless mobile devices such as smart phones can display the content of Internet services such as the Web e mail and chat rooms Location where people can connect wirelessly to the Internet using notebook computers smart phones handheld game consoles or other devices Local area network that uses no physical wires Chapter 9 Page 45 wireless modem wireless network card wireless transmission media workgroup computing XML Modem that uses the cell phone network to connect to the Internet wirelessly from a notebook computer a smart phone or other mobile device Network card often with an antenna that provides wireless data transmission Type of media that send communications signals through the air or space using radio microwave and infrared signals Concept in which network hardware and software enable group members to communicate manage projects schedule meetings and make group decisions eXtensible Markup Language Chapter 9 Page 46 Chapter 10 access privileges accessible information accurate information after image alphabetic check alphanumeric attribute back end backup backward recovery before image BLOB Boolean CGI Common Gateway Interface script character check digit collaborative databases column completeness check composite key computer aided design CAD database consistency check continuous backup cost effective information data dat
148. rimary key and each column having a unique name Link within the data in a database DBMS feature that allows users to design a report on the screen retrieve data into the report design and then display or print the report See also report writer DBMS feature that allows users to design a report on the screen retrieve data into the report design and then display or print the report See also report generator A DBMS element that contains data about each file in a database and each field in those files See also data dictionary Technique for recovering data in a database where the DBMS uses the log to undo any changes made to a database during a certain period such as an hour See also backward recovery Technique for recovering data in a database where the DBMS uses the log to reenter changes made to the database since the last save or backup See also forward recovery Term used by users of relational databases for record Query language used with databases that allows users to manage update and retrieve data Term used by users of relational databases for file Information that has an age suited to its use Term used by developers of relational databases for record Information that has meaning to the person who receives it Process of comparing data with a set of rules or values to find out if the data is correct Check that analyzes entered data to help ensure that it is correct See also validity check Check that analyze
149. ring the program development cycle that verifies each individual program or object works by itself UML tool that graphically shows how actors interact with the information system Analysis and design tool in the UML that graphically shows how actors interact with the information system Anyone for whom the system is being built Company that purchases products from manufacturers and then resells these products to the public offering additional services with the product Packaged software specifically designed for a particular business or industry Chapter 12 Page 60 Chapter 13 NET 4GL Active X ActiveX control Ada Ajax ALGOL algorithm annotation symbol API APL applet application generator ASCII file ASP NET assembler assembly language ATOM BASIC beta bugs bytecode Cc C C cascading style sheet CSS case control structure CGI common gateway interface CGI script CLR Microsoft s set of technologies that allows almost any type of program to run on the Internet or an internal business network as well as stand alone computers and mobile devices Fourth generation language nonprocedural language that enables users and programmers to access data in a database Set of object oriented technologies by Microsoft that allows components on a network to communicate with one another Small program that runs on a client computer instead of the server Programming language de
150. rived from Pascal developed by the U S Department of Defense named after Augusta Ada Lovelace Byron thought to be the first female computer programmer Asynchronous JavaScript and XML Method of creating interactive Web applications designed to provide immediate response to user requests ALGOrithmic Language The first structured procedural programming language Set of steps Flowchart symbol that explains or clarifies logic in a solution algorithm See also comment symbol Application programming interface collection of tools that programmers use to interact with an environment such as a Web site or operating system A Programming Language Scientific language designed to manipulate tables of numbers Interpreted program that runs on a client but is compiled Program that creates source code or machine code from a specification of the required functionality File that does not contain any formatting that is no graphics italics bold underlining styles bullets shading color or any other type of graphical format Web application framework that provides the tools necessary for the creation of dynamic Web sites Program used by programmers to convert assembly language source program into machine language Programming language in which a programmer writes instructions using symbolic instruction codes XML application that content aggregators use to distribute content to subscribers Beginners All purpose Symbolic Ins
151. rograms data and information See also host computer Service that allows users to send and receive short text messages on a phone or other mobile device or computer See also text messaging Legal agreement that permits users to install software on multiple computers usually at a volume discount Short message service service that allows users to send and receive short text messages on a phone or other mobile device or computer See also text messaging Chapter 9 Page 44 star network switch T carrier line T1 line T3 line TCP IP text messaging token token ring transmission media twisted pair cable twisted pair wire UMTS uplink upstream rate UWB ultra wideband value added network VAN video messaging visual voice mail voice mail voice mailbox Web conference Web server Web services Wi Fi Wi Fi mesh network wide area network WAN WiMAX wireless access point Wireless Application Protocol WAP wireless Internet access point wireless LAN WLAN Type of network topology in which all computers and devices on the network connect to a central device thus forming a star The device that provides a common central connection point for nodes on a network Any of several types of long distance digital telephone lines that carry multiple signals over a single communications line The most popular T carrier line The fastest T carrier line equal in speed to 28 T1 lines
152. s a programmer to add dynamic content and interactive elements to a Web page Chapter 13 Page 63 just in time JIT compiler keywords programming language LISP logic error LOGO loop low level language machine language machine dependent language machine independent language macro application program macro assembly language macro recorder main module main routine maintaining menu generator Microsoft Intermediate Language MSIL Modula 2 modules mouse rollover mouseover multimedia authoring software nonprocedural language object object code object program object oriented OO design object oriented programming OOP language open language Pascal Program that converts bytecode into machine dependent code that is executed immediately Command words used in programming LISt Processing Programming language used for artificial intelligence applications Flaw in program design that causes inaccurate results An educational tool used to teach programming and problem solving to children Type of control structure that enables a program to perform one or more actions repeatedly as long as a certain condition is met See also repetition control structure Programming language that is machine dependent The only language a computer directly recognizes using a series of binary digits ora combination of numbers and letters that represent binary digits Programming lang
153. s entered data to help ensure that it is correct See also validation rules Information that can be proven as correct or incorrect Chapter 10 Page 49 Chapter 11 1024 bit encryption 128 bit encryption 40 bit encryption 802 111 access control access point mapping adware anti spam program antivirus program asymmetric key encryption audit trail authentication back door back up backup biometric device biometric payment blackout bot botnet brownout Business Software Alliance BSA CAPTCHA carpal tunnel syndrome CTS CERT CC certificate authority CA child ciphertext clickjacking code of conduct Higher level Web browser encryption protection level Higher level Web browser encryption protection level Web browser encryption protection level Sometimes called WPA2 a network standard developed by IEEE with enhanced security for wireless communications Security measure that defines who can access a computer when they can access it and what actions they can take while accessing the computer Intrusion technique in which an individual attempts to detect wireless networks via their notebook computer while driving a vehicle through areas they suspect have a wireless network See also war driving Program that displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop up window on Web pages e mail or other Internet services Program that attempts to remove spam before it reaches a user
154. s shipping of products and provides information and analysis on inventory in warehouses System that allows for storage and management of a company s documents such as word processing documents presentations and spreadsheets Any time a computer crashes needs repairs or requires installation of replacement or upgrade parts Business transaction that occurs when retailers use the Web to sell their products and services See also e tail Business transaction that occurs when retailers use the Web to sell their products and services See also e retail Set of standards that controls the transfer of business data and information among computers both within and among enterprises Component of a disaster recovery plan that specifies the steps to be taken immediately after a disaster strikes Information system that automates and manages much of the communications between the employees and the business Business trend of providing nonmanagement users with access to information necessary to make decisions that previously were made by managers Term that commonly describes a business or venture of any size The use of computers in networks such as LANs and WANs or a series of interconnected networks that encompass a variety of different operating systems protocols and network architectures Devices geared for heavy use maximum availability and maximum efficiency that large organizations use to manage and store information and
155. s the contents of frequently used data or instructions Intel processor used by less expensive basic PCs Electronic component on a computer s motherboard that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer See also processor Mobile technology that integrates wireless capabilities in notebook computers and Tablet PCs Case of the system unit made of metal or plastic that protects the internal electronic components from damage Small piece of semiconducting material usually silicon on which integrated circuits are etched One tick of the system clock Pace of the system clock measured by the number of ticks per second Chapter 4 Page 15 comparison operations complementary metal oxide semiconductor CMOS connector control unit Core data bus DDR SDRAM DDR2 DDR3 decoding digital DIMM dual inline memory module docking station drive bay dual core processor dynamic RAM DRAM EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory chip eSATA port executing expansion bus expansion card expansion slot ExpressCard module ExpressCard slot external bay external SATA port fast infrared port fetching FireWire bus FireWire hub FireWire port firmware flash memory form factor Operations that involve comparing one data item with another to determine whether the first item is greater than equal to or less than the other item Technology used by
156. shareware slide show smart tags software suite spelling checker spreadsheet software system software tax preparation software Application software that allows users to draw pictures shapes and other graphical images with various on screen tools See also illustration software Process of transferring an item from a clipboard to a specific location in a document Portable Document Format A popular file format used by document management software to save converted documents Application software that helps home and small office home office users create newsletters brochures advertisements postcards greeting cards letterhead business cards banners calendars logos and Web pages Simplified accounting program that helps home users or small office home office users manage finances Application software that includes features to help users organize personal information Application software that provides an easy to use interface usually with more simplified capabilities that allows users to draw pictures shapes and other images Application software that allows users to edit digital photos by removing red eye erasing blemishes restoring aged photos adding special effects enhancing image quality or creating electronic photo albums Application software that allows users to view organize sort catalog print and share digital photos Chart that is displayed in the shape of a round pie cut into slices to show t
157. short decorative lines at the upper and lower edges of the characters Copyrighted software that is distributed at no cost for a trial period Display of a presentation on a large monitor or a projection screen Word processing screen element that appears when you perform a certain action Collection of individual programs available together as a unit Feature in some application software that reviews the spelling of individual words sections of a document or the entire document Application software that allows a user to organize data in rows and columns and to perform calculations on the data Software that serves as the interface between the user the application software and the computer s hardware Application software that is used to guide individuals families or small businesses through the process of filing federal taxes Chapter 3 Page 13 template title bar travel and mapping software value video editing software WBT Web app Web application Web page authoring software Web based Help Web based training what if analysis window word processing software word processor wordwrap worksheet Document that contains the formatting necessary for a specific document type Horizontal space located at the top of a window that contains the window s name Application software that enables users to view maps determine route directions and locate points of interest Number contained in a worksheet cell t
158. sign See also modules Meaningful name used with assembly languages that identifies a storage location Meaningful abbreviations used with an assembly language Set of grammar and rules that specifies how to write instructions for a solution algorithm Program error that occurs when the code violates the syntax or grammar of the programming language HTML words abbreviations and symbols that specify links to other documents and indicate how a Web page is displayed when viewed on the Web See also elements Tool Command Language interpreted scripting language maintained by Sun Microsystems Laboratories Sample data that mimics real data a program will process once it is in production Type of programming language in which a programmer writes instructions that tell the computer what to accomplish and how to do it using a series of English like words to write instructions See also procedural language See Tcl Multimedia authoring program with a graphical user interface that uses an object oriented approach so that programmers can design multimedia applications using basic objects Program design approach in which a programmer typically begins with a general design and moves toward a more detailed design See also structured design Check for accuracy Visual Basic Scripting Edition subset of the Visual Basic language that allows programmers to add intelligence and interactivity to Web pages Programming language that all
159. sonalization planning portal procedure proprietary quality control software quality control system RAID redundant array of independent disks reciprocal backup relationship recovery plan redundant components repository sales force automation SFA scalability security software Production clerical and other personnel Information system that enables employees to perform tasks using computers and other electronic devices instead of manually See also office information system OIS Information system that enables employees to perform tasks using computers and other electronic devices instead of manually See also office automation Term used to refer to programs such as those in a decision support system that analyze data E commerce activity that allows users to pay bills from their computer or mobile device that is transfer money electronically from their account to a payee s account E commerce activity that allows users to invest in stocks options bonds treasuries certificates of deposit money markets annuities and mutual funds without using a broker Processing technique in which the computer processes each transaction as it is entered Term used to describe information systems that more easily share information with other information systems Decision that involves day to day activities within a company Level of management that supervises the production clerical and other nonman
160. ss expensive than an active matrix display Standard printer language that supports the fonts and layout used in standard office documents Type of nonimpact color printer that produces photo lab quality pictures Standard technology used with photo printers that allows you to print photos directly from a digital camera by connecting a cable from the digital camera to a USB port on the printer The smallest element in an electronic image Short for picture element The distance in millimeters between pixels on a display device See also dot pitch Display device that uses gas plasma technology which sandwiches a layer of gas between two glass plates Sophisticated printers that produce high quality drawings such as blueprints maps and circuit diagrams using a row of charged wires called styli to draw an electrostatic pattern on specially coated paper and then fuse toner to the pattern A printout that is taller than it is wide with information printed across the shorter width of the paper Special type of label printer that prints postage stamps Standard printer language used by professionals in the desktop publishing and graphics arts fields designed for complex documents with intense graphics and colors Output device that produces text and graphics on a physical medium such as paper Printed information that exists physically and is a more permanent form of output than that presented on a display device soft copy See also
161. t purchases and interest Centralized location for managing and housing hardware and software Term used to refer to the function of computerized transaction processing systems Huge database that stores and manages the data required to analyze historical and current transactions Chapter 14 Page 68 decentralized decision support system DSS detailed report disaster recovery plan distribution systems document management system DMS downtime e retail e tail EDI electronic data interchange emergency plan employee relationship management ERM system empowering enterprise enterprise computing enterprise hardware enterprise information enterprise resource planning ERP enterprise search enterprise storage system enterprise wide system exception criteria exception report executive information system EIS executive management expert system external sources extranet failover Approach to information technology in which departments and divisions maintain their own information systems Information system that helps users analyze data and make decisions Report generated by a management information system that lists just transactions Written plan describing the steps a company would take to restore computer operations in the event of a disaster Contains four major components emergency plan backup plan recovery plan and test plan Provides forecasting for inventory control manages and track
162. t the files are stored in contiguous sectors thus speeding up disk access and the performance of the entire computer Windows 7 feature that allows users to display a variety of gadgets on the Windows desktop Small program that tells an operating system how to communicate with a specific device See also driver Program that runs only on a specific type or make of computer Operating systems that run on computers provided by a variety of manufacturers Utility program that writes text graphics audio and video files to a recordable or rewritable Chapter 8 Page 34 software disk cleanup disk defragmenter Documents Explorer driver embedded Linux embedded operating system encryption Explorers fault tolerant computer file compression utility file manager Flip 3D folder foreground fragmented gadget ghosting Google Android graphical user interface GUI hacker hibernate image viewer index Internet Explorer iPhone OS kernel Linux log on lossless lossy Mac OS X CD DVD or Blu ray Disc Utility that searches for and removes unnecessary files Utility that reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster Windows Vista feature that helps users locate documents by showing thumbnails that preview documents content and allowing users to adjust thumbnail size to view document
163. ta in a continuous and even flow which allows users to listen to the audio file as it downloads Transfer of video data in a continuous and even flow which allows users to view longer or live video images as they are downloaded Search tool that classifies Web pages in an organized set of categories and subcategories Process of a user adding his or her e mail name and address to a mailing list Activity of using links to explore the Web Option where the top of the browser displays a tab similar to a file folder tab for each Web page you open Group of newsgroup articles consisting of the original article and all subsequent related replies See also threaded discussion Group of newsgroup articles consisting of the original article and all subsequent related replies See also thread Small version of a larger graphic Identifies the type of organization associated with the domain Communications activity on the Internet Unique address for a Web page See also URL or Web address Chapter 2 Page 9 unsubscribe uploading URL user name video video blog virtual reality VR vlog vlogger vlogosphere Voice over IP VoIP VR world Web Web 2 0 Web address Web app Web application Web browser Web page Web publishing Web server Web site Weblog WebSlices Wi Fi wiki wireless Internet service provider wireless portal WISP World Wide Web World Wide Web Consortium W3C WWW Process o
164. tal signatures and biometrics Security certification that tests skills with firewalls and defending against network intrusions Security certification that tests basic network security skills Curriculum that focuses on the theory of programming and operating systems See also computer science CS Organization that brings together members with shared interests needs knowledge and experience Vendors that develop and administer examinations to determine whether a person is qualified for certification Employee who installs maintains and upgrades storage systems and analyzes an organization s storage needs Programmer developer certification that tests knowledge of creating and maintaining J2EE applications Programmer developer certification that tests advanced knowledge of Java programming language Programmer developer certification that tests basic knowledge of Java programming language Programmer developer certification that tests knowledge of using Java to create applications for mobile devices such as smart phones Networking certification that tests knowledge of administering Sun networks Operating system certification that tests knowledge of administering the Solaris operating system Database certification that tests skills in developing and administering Sybase database Chapter 15 Page 76 Professional systems analyst systems programmer Systems Security Certified Practitioner SSCP technical wr
165. ted with a user name that allows access to certain computer resources Destructive event or prank a malicious logic program is intended to deliver Utility program that detects and protects a personal computer and its data from unauthorized intrusions Numeric password either assigned by a company or selected by a user Scam similar to phishing where a perpetrator attempts to obtain your personal and financial information except they do so via spoofing Scam in which a perpetrator sends an official looking e mail that attempts to obtain your personal and financial information Program that warns or blocks you from potentially fraudulent or suspicious Web sites Unauthorized and illegal duplication of copyrighted material Unencrypted readable data Any item that a user must carry to gain access to a computer or computer facility Electrical disturbance that occurs when the incoming electrical power increases significantly above the normal 120 volts See also overvoltage Ratio that measures how much power enters a computer facility or data center against the amount of power required to run the computers Popular e mail encryption program that is free for personal noncommercial use Type of encryption where both the originator and the recipient use the same secret key to encrypt and decrypt the data See also symmetric key encryption Process that attempts to prevent software piracy by requiring users to provide a software
166. ters that meets their diverse computing needs Computer user working for a business that has hundreds or thousands of employees or customers that work in or do business with offices across a region the country or the world Process of a computer carrying out the instructions in a program List that helps a user find answers to commonly asked questions Chapter 1 Page 1 game console gaming desktop computer garbage in garbage out graphical user interface GUI green computing handheld computer handhelds hardware home theater PC HTPC home user icon information information processing cycle information system information technology IT department input device installing instant message instructions Internet Internet enabled laptop computer loads mainframe memory microblog mobile computer mobile device mobile users multimedia netbook Mobile computing device designed for singleplayer or multiplayer video games Desktop computer that offers high quality audio video and graphics with optimal performance for sophisticated single user and networked or Internet multiplayer games Computing phrase that points out the accuracy of a computer s output depends on the accuracy of the input Type of user interface that allows a user to interact with software using text graphics and visual images such as icons Practices that involve reducing the electricity consumed and env
167. th sides of the paper Item on the computer screen that contains a list of commands from which a user can make selections Software that allows users to combine text graphics audio video and animation in an interactive application and that often is used for computer based training and Web based presentations Application software that enables users to enter typed text handwritten comments drawings or sketches anywhere on a page Online connection to a bank s computer to access account balances pay bills and copy monthly transactions to a user s computer Electronic equivalent of a user manual that usually is integrated in a program Software provided for use modification and redistribution Mass produced copyrighted retail software that meets the needs of a wide variety of users not just a single user or company Process of arranging text and graphics in a document on a page by page basis Chapter 3 Page 12 paint software pasting PDF personal DTP desktop publishing software personal finance software personal information manager PIM personal paint image editing software personal photo editing software photo management software pie chart point pointer presentation software print product activation professional photo editing software project management software public domain software query record reference software sans serif font save scrolling serif font
168. that displays the image ona connected computer screen Digital postage technology that allows users with an authorized postage account to buy and print digital postage Small printer that prints on adhesive type material that can be placed on items such as envelopes packages optical discs photos file folders and toys A printout that is wider than it is tall with information printed across the widest part of the paper Printer that creates photo realistic quality color prints used mainly by graphic artists Type of high speed high quality nonimpact printer that creates images using a laser beam and powdered ink called toner Desktop monitor that uses a liquid crystal display instead of a cathode ray tube to produce images on a screen resulting in a sharp flicker free display Projector that uses liquid crystal display technology that attaches directly to a computer and uses its own light source to display the information shown on the computer screen Type of high speed impact printer that prints an entire line at a time Type of display that uses a liquid compound to present information on a display device Small lightweight battery powered printer used by a mobile user to print from a notebook computer smart phone or other mobile device while traveling Display device that is packaged as a separate peripheral Display device capability in which information appears in one color on a different color background Output de
169. tivities that can take place at the same time Chapter 12 Page 58 project request project team proof of concept property prototype Rational Unified Process RUP repository request for information RFI request for proposal RFP request for quotation RFQ request for system services schedule feasibility scope scope creep scribe source standards steering committee structured analysis and design structured English subclasses system system developer system development system development life cycle SDLC system proposal systems analyst systems developer systems test technical feasibility trade publication training Written formal request for a new or modified system See also request for system services Group of people that consists of users the systems analyst and other IT professionals Working model of a proposed system See also prototype Each data element in an object See also attribute Working model of a proposed system See also proof of concept Popular methodology that uses the UML A DBMS element that contains data about each file in a database and each field in those files See also data dictionary Less formal document sent to a vendor during the system development cycle that uses a standard form to request information about a product or service Document sent to a vendor during the system development cycle where the vendor selects the product s that meets sp
170. to desktop and notebook computers and mobile devices such as smart phones and portable media players with built in wireless capability such as Wi Fi or to computers using wireless modems or wireless access devices Portal designed for Internet enabled mobile devices See wireless Internet service provider Worldwide collection of electronic documents See also Web or WWW Consortium of nearly 400 organizations from around the world that oversees research and sets standards and guidelines for many areas of the Internet Worldwide collection of electronic documents See also Web or World Wide Web Chapter 2 Page 10 Chapter 3 accounting software application software audio editing software bar chart blog software blogware business software button cell charting click clip art clip art image gallery clipboard color library column chart command computer aided design CAD software computer based training CBT create custom software database database software desktop desktop publishing DTP software dialog box distance learning DL document management software e filing e learning edit educational software Software that helps companies record and report their financial transactions Program designed to make users more productive and or assist them with personal tasks Application software that allows a user to modify audio clips produce studio quality soundtracks and add audio
171. to store information about each pixel See also color depth Type of printing process that uses radio waves to transmit output to a printer Type of printer that prints information on paper in Braille for use by visually impaired users Standard unit of luminous intensity Large sealed glass tube whose front the screen is coated with dots of red green and blue phosphor material The number of bits a video card uses to store information about each pixel See also bit depth Type of paper used by most dot matrix printers which consists of thousands of pages connected together end to end Difference in light intensity between the brightest white and darkest black that can be displayed on an LCD monitor Type of desktop monitor that contains a cathode ray tube Output device that takes the text and images displaying on a computer screen and projects them on a larger screen so that an audience can see the image clearly Projector that uses tiny mirrors to reflect light which produces crisp bright colorful images that remain in focus and can be seen clearly even in a well lit room Thermal printer that uses heat to transfer colored dye to specially coated paper See also dye sublimation printer Television that receives digital television signals and produces a higher quality picture Output device that visually conveys text graphics and video information See also display device Output device that visually conveys text g
172. truction Code Programming language developed by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz as a simple interactive problem solving language Program that has most or all of its features and functionality implemented Program errors Resulting object code in a Java program Programming language developed in the early 1970s at Bell Laboratories used for business and scientific applications Object oriented programming language based on C developed primarily by Anders Hejlsberg at Microsoft Object oriented programming language developed at Bell Laboratories that is an extension of the C programming language Contains formats for how a particular object should be displayed in a Web browser Type of selection control structure that can yield one of three or more possibilities Communications standard that defines how a Web server communicates with outside sources Program that manages sending and receiving across a CGI Common Language Runtime environment that enables programmers to develop NET programs using a variety of languages Chapter 13 Page 61 COBOL code code review code snippets coding comment symbol comments COmmon Business Oriented Language compiler computer program construct control structure counter dead code debug utility debugger debugging Delphi design tools desk check developer Director do until control structure do while control structure document object model DOM Dr
173. ttempts to detect wireless networks via their notebook computer while driving a vehicle through areas they suspect have a wireless network See also access point mapping Intrusion technique in which individuals use an airplane to detect unsecured wireless networks Type of spyware that is hidden on Web pages or in e mail messages in the form of graphical images Program that restricts access to certain material on the Web Security standard that improves on older security standards by authenticating network users and providing more advanced encryption techniques Program that copies itself repeatedly using up system resources and possibly shutting down the system A compromised computer whose owner is unaware the computer is being controlled remotely by an outsider Group of compromised computers connected to a network such as the Internet that are used as part of a network that attacks other networks usually for nefarious purposes See also botnet Chapter 11 Page 55 Chapter 12 abrupt cutover acceptance test actor adaptive maintenance analysis phase attribute benchmark test change management chief security officer CSO class diagram computer security plan computer aided software engineering CASE context diagram corrective maintenance cost benefit feasibility custom software data conversion data dictionary data flow data flow diagram data model data store decision table decision
174. uage that runs on only one particular type of computer Programming language that can run on many different types of computers and operating systems Series of statements that instructs an application how to complete a task Capability of assembly language that generates many machine language instructions for a single assembly language instruction Program development tool that records all actions until it is turned off Main function of a program See also main routine Main function of a program See also main module Act of correcting errors or adding enhancements to an existing program Application generator feature that enables users to create a menu for the application options Resulting object code compiled by a _NET compatible language Successor to Pascal programming language used for developing systems software Smaller sections into which a main routine is broken down by a programmer during structured design See also subroutines Event that occurs when text a graphic or other object changes as the user moves the mouse pointer over an object on the screen See also mouseover Event that occurs when text a graphic or other object changes as the user moves the mouse pointer over an object on the screen See also mouse rollover Software that allows users to combine text graphics audio video and animation in an interactive application and that often is used for computer based training and Web based presentations
175. urchase Conversion strategy where the old system runs alongside the new system for a specified time Operation support and security phase process of making an information system more efficient and reliable Operation support and security phase activity that determines whether a system is inefficient or unstable at any point Program Evaluation and Review Technique chart systems analysis and design tool developed by the U S Department of Defense to analyze the time required to complete a task and identify the minimum time required for an entire project Conversion strategy used by larger systems with multiple sites where each location converts at a separate time Categories into which system development activities are grouped 1 planning phase 2 analysis phase 3 design phase 4 implementation phase and 5 support phase Detailed design that specifies hardware and software the physical components required for automated procedures See also detailed design Conversion strategy where only one location in an organization uses a new system so that it can be tested Step in the system development cycle that begins when a steering committee receives a project request Operation support and security phase activity that involves holding a meeting to discover whether an information system is performing according to users expectations Investigation that determines the exact nature of a problem or improvement
176. vice that looks like a printer or copy machine but provides the functionality of a printer scanner copy machine and perhaps a fax machine See also all in one device The specific resolution for which an LCD is geared Printer output that is slightly less clear than what is acceptable for business letters Unit of visible light intensity that is equal to one candela per square meter Type of printer that forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually striking the paper TFT technology that uses organic molecules that produce an even brighter easier to read display than standard TFT displays Data that has been processed into a useful form Any hardware component that conveys information to one or more people Software that tells a printer how to lay out the contents of a printed page Chapter 6 Page 27 language PDL passive matrix display PCL Printer Control Language photo printer PictBridge pixel pixel pitch plasma monitor plotters portrait orientation postage printer PostScript printer printout resolution response time S video port satellite speakers soft copy speakers subwoofer SVGA SXGA tactile output TFT thin film transistor display thermal printer thermal wax transfer printer toner UXGA viewable size voice output widescreen WQXGA WSXGA WUXGA WXGA LCD monitor or screen technology that uses fewer transistors requires less power and is le
177. voltage Underwriters Laboratories UL 1449 Standard uninterruptible power supply UPS user ID skills and knowledge Security technique that allows users to choose an encryption scheme for data that passes between a client and a server Web site that uses encryption techniques to secure its data Security technique that provides encryption of all data that passes between a client and an Internet server Type of backup in which users choose which folders and files to include in the backup Also called partial backup Type of cookie that is used by online shopping sites to keep track of items in a user s shopping cart License agreement included with software purchased by individual users See also end user license agreement EULA Gaining unauthorized access or obtaining confidential information by taking advantage of the trusting human nature of some victims and the naivety of others Computer security risk that occurs when someone 1 steals software media 2 intentionally erases programs 3 illegally copies a program or 4 illegally registers and or activates a program Unsolicited e mail message or newsgroups posting sent to many recipients or newsgroups at once Electrical disturbance that occurs when an overvoltage lasts for less than one millisecond one thousandth of a second Spam sent through an instant messaging service Spam sent via VoIP Technique intruders use to make their network or Inter
178. when the computer cannot boot from its hard disk See also boot disk Several files that contain the system configuration information Program that reverses the backup process and returns backed up files to their original form Utility program that causes a display device s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no mouse activity occurs for a specified time Program that attempts to locate a file on your computer based on criteria you specify Operating system that organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network Free downloadable software updates provided by the software manufacturer to users who have registered and or activated their software Icon on the desktop that provides a user with immediate access to a program or file In reference to an operating system allowing a single user to work on two or more programs that reside in memory at the same time In reference to an operating system allowing only one user to run one program at a time Operating system function that saves any open documents and programs to RAM turns off all unneeded functions and then places the computer in a low power state Windows 7 feature that allows you to copy screen elements to a file on your computer A version of UNIX developed by Sun Microsystems that is a server operating system designed specifically for e commerce applications Unsolicited e mail message or newsgroups posting sent to many recip
179. wledge and skills and focuses on how to apply these skills See also management information technology or computer information systems CIS Curriculum that teaches students technical knowledge and skills and focuses on how to apply these skills See also management information systems MIS or computer information systems CIS Application software certification that tests a user s skills solving problems associated with applications that run on Windows Vista and the operating system itself Database certification that tests skills required to use SQL Server 2005 to design or install manage and maintain a database system Programmer developer certification that tests knowledge of developing Web and Windows based applications using programs in the Visual Studio 2005 suite and the NET framework Operating systems certification that tests technical expertise in one of several areas including managing and troubleshooting networks using Windows operating systems Operating systems certification that tests technical expertise in a specialized area including Windows and NET environments Application software certification that tests a user s basic skills of Microsoft Office and other related programs Application software certification that tests a user s advanced skills of Microsoft Office Word and Excel in industry applications such as budgets publications and collaboration Employee responsible for the security and data and infor
180. y that gives a computer the capability to configure adapter cards and other peripherals automatically as a user installs them Internet advertisement that suddenly appears in a new window in the foreground of a Web page displayed in the user s browser Filtering program that stops pop up ads from displaying on Web pages Series of tests that is executed by the BIOS to make sure the computer hardware is connected properly and operating correctly Chapter 8 Page 36 preemptive multitasking print spooler proprietary software queue recovery disk registry restore utility screen saver search utility server operating system service pack shortcut single user multitaski ng single user single tasking sleep mode Snipping Tool Solaris spam spooling spyware spyware remover stand alone operating system Startup folder swap file Symbian OS system files system software thrashing Trojan horse uncompress uninstaller UNIX Process in which the operating system interrupts a program that is executing and passes control to another program waiting to be executed Program that intercepts documents to be printed from the operating system and places them in a queue Software that is privately owned and limited to a specific vendor or computer model Lineup of multiple print jobs within a buffer Special disk that contains a few system files capable of restarting a computer which is used

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