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Packet Network Tester and Analyzer MAKS

1. Figure 10 22 Remote Control Software To manage the Tester via USB select number of the virtual COM port connected to Tester interface in Port drop out list and press Connect button To manage the Tester remotely via Ethernet enter IP address of the third Ethernet interface into IP input field of Ethernet Connection section and press Connect button Management of the Tester via Ethernet is analogous to its management via USB If connection is successful the connected device info indicating its type will appear in the status bar Also CPU and FPGA firmware versions values and Tester serial number will be displayed Measurement functions tab will become active Press Disconnect button if disconnection is required for example to upgrade the Tester software or connect another device Remote Management functionality is analogous to functionality of the Tester Measuring ports status is displayed in Port A and Port B upper status group Status group messages update automatically one time per second The group comprises four LEDs Test Rx Tx and Link from left to right LEDs show different status information depending on Tester operation modes Meaning and highlighting of indicator captions correspond to LEDs meaning and their captions refer to Paragraph 4 1 1 Test LEDs show port engagement in test fulfillment Test LED captions may be as follows BERT port is busy with
2. Loopback function allows testing a network without changing its settings Such a test can be run at different OSI Layers at physical layer all incoming frames are looped back inversely At that their structure does not undergo any changes at data link layer incoming frames are looped back inversely It is possible to activate algorithm of source and destination MAC address swapping and algorithm of MAC address shifting at loopback Frames containing identical source and destination MAC field data OAM frames ARP requests and multicast frames are hard filtered at reception and are not looped back inversely at networking layer incoming frames are looped back inversely It is possible to activate algorithm of source and destination IP address swapping at loopback When network Layer loopback is activated settings of the above mentioned swapping and shifting algorithms at data link Layer will also be effective Status selection and activation of the Layer to be looped back You can change the mode by means of Enter key and Left and Right arrow keys The field may look as follows Off deactivation of Loopback function Layer 1 physical loopback activation Layer 2 data link loopback activation Layer 3 networking loopback activation Layer 4 transport loopback activation Press Set button to change mode When loopback at any layer is activated layer settings will be blocked and
3. MPLS Port A B and Packet Filter Port A B Common Port A B tab Speed data transmission speed selection When 10 100 and 1000 options are marked connection will be configured automatically at the highest possible speed If only one option is marked connection will be forcedly configured for the selected speed Unmarking of all fields activates speed field markings of the current port Duplex half duplex HDX or full duplex FDX mode selection Mark one or both fields MAC Address MAC address of the configured port A B or LAN The tester has a default base of MAC addresses for all ports from the range reserved by the manufacturer but any address can be edited manually DHCP as soon as this function is activated port IP address subnet mask and other parameters will be received automatically from DHCP server IP Address subnet IP address Subnet Mask subnet mask Gateway subnet gateway Settings are applied after pressing Set button The button appears when current commons settings are changed Note When Tester is connected optically via SFP modules transmission speed is always selected automatically and is equal to 1 000 Mbps regardless of any marked options Note New MAC address of the port will be valid only after Tester reloading Note If Loopback function is activated at the actual interface DHCP will not run In order
4. menu sections related to tests with traffic generation and reception allow access to Topology menu Topology can be selected for tests with traffic generation Traffic test RFC 2544 Y 1564 Multistream Packet jitter BERT MDI Topology menu is illustrated in Figure 10 3 LOOOF Terminal amp gt 55 R El 57 Figure 10 3 Topology menu Terminal A gt gt B traffic is generated at Port A and received at Port B Terminal A gt gt A traffic is generated and received at Port A at that traffic is looped at the remote point using Loopback function Terminal B gt gt A traffic is generated at Port B and received at Port A Terminal B gt gt B traffic is generated and received at Port B at that traffic is looped at the remote point using Loopback function Terminal A gt gt R traffic is generated at Port A and received at the remote point or it is generated at the remote point and received at Port A or the process goes bidirectionally Terminal B gt gt R traffic is generated at Port B and received at the remote point or it is generated at the remote point and received at Port B or the process goes bidirectionally The last two modes of the topology are used for testing of asymmetric transmission channels This topology is available for Traffic Test including 08 AT option only When tests a
5. Packet Network Tester and Analyzer MAKS EMK User Manual Combined with Data Sheet OONODORAOND Contents List of Abbreviations Purpose Scope of Supply Tester Structure and Operation Marking Packaging General Operation Safety Precautions Preparation for Work Operation Procedure 10 1 Working with Menus and Entry Fields 10 2 Measurement Menu 10 3 Process Topology 10 4 Connection Variants 10 5 Traffic Test 10 6 RFC 2544 Method 10 7 Y 1564 Method 10 8 Multistream 10 9 Packet Jitter 10 12 Cable Diagnostics 10 13 Optical Test 10 14 Remote OAM Management 10 15 BER Test 10 16 MDI IPTV Testing 10 17 Loopback Testing 10 18 Thru Mode 10 19 Statistics 10 20 Memory 10 21 Interface Settings 10 22 Remote Management 10 23 Tester Settings and Options 11 Checking Procedure 12 Maintenance 13 Transportation and Storage 14 Product Details Manufacturer s Warranty Acceptance Certificate Packing Certificate Information on Primary Checking and Periodic Re Checking Reclamation Appendix A The present MAKS EMK User Manual is meant to make the user familiar with the Tester Analyzer characteristics and service instructions to operate it correctly and effectively In the present Manual the following abbreviations and designations are used Table 1 1 ARP Address Resolution Protocol AVAIL Channel Availability Back to back Limit Load test BER Bit Error Rate Committed Burst Size guaranteed load This param
6. and Start B gt B buttons dependent on possible and required test topologies 10 22 4 Transfer of Report Files and Settings Use File Transfer tab for generation of test reports on a PC and using Remote Control Software To display all the files pre saved in Tester memory press Update Reports and test settings are divided into separate files Select the required report file and download it using Save pdf report button At that the pdf formatted report will be saved into PC memory The new file will be shown in the list of saved files in remote control software To save the file with the required settings into remote control software press Save button enter file name in the pop up window and press OK The new file will be shown in the list of saved files in remote control software Files containing settings or reports that were saved before can be downloaded or deleted by means of Download and Delete buttons The used should select the file to be downloaded or deleted first Screenshot To make a screenshot you should press Screenshot button in File Transfer tab Save the file in png format using the dialogue box that will pop out Note When the tester is managed remotely Screenshot option is deactivated 10 23 Tester Settings and Options 10 23 1 General Settings Common tab of Device Settings menu is illustrated in Figure 10 23 Common tab c
7. available in view only mode Coot T Network B _ ar t U E ETU IY Loopback MAKC EMK Figure 10 17 Loopback Mode Connection Diagram 10 17 2 Second Layer Loopback Settings If Replace MAC is not marked Layer 2 loopback activation will lead to automatic swapping of source and destination MAC address frame fields Replace MAC marking of Source and Destination fields results in swapping of source and destination MAC addresses of the received frames for source and destination MAC addresses specified in the corresponding fields Source specifies new source MAC address Destination specifies new destination MAC address VLAN marking activates VLAN VID swapping VID field of the received packet is swapped for the value from the corresponding field Priority swapping of transmitted traffic priority IEEE 802 1p standard PCP field of the received packet is swapped for the value from the corresponding field 10 17 3 Third Layer Loopback Setting If Replace IP is not marked Layer 3 loopback activation will result in automatic swapping of source and destination fields of IP address frame Replace IP marking of Source and Destination fields results in swapping of source and destination IP addresses of the received frames for source and destination IP addresses specified in the corresponding fields Source specifies new
8. Additional input incoming stream additional parameters Description is analogous to Paragraph 10 5 2 Header output and Header input Tabs The tab contains similar setting fields for all tests with traffic generation Description is analogous to Paragraph 10 5 3 except for ARP request MAC address identification function is always enabled The test exchanges management information and telemetering over the third layer Common Tab Duration test duration in hh mm ss format If the value equals zero the test will run endlessly Learning Int ms waiting time in milliseconds after sending a Learning frame or an ARP request and before frames transmission starts Wait Interval ms waiting time in milliseconds during which Tester awaits sent frames return from the network 10 6 RFC 2544 Method 10 6 1 RFC 2544 Test Description RFC 2544 method is a standard of diversified Ethernet testing It describes the script of an automated Ethernet channel test procedure with deficient operating traffic The script contains key parameters for throughput latency frame loss and back to back testing Each test allows checking certain parameters described in SLA Test methodology defines frame sizes test duration and amount of test repeats MAKS EMK Tester allows running four basic RFC 2544 tests Throughput Evaluation of maximum bit rate At this rate amount of test frames transmitted through DUT or netw
9. Interval s time period of continuous test fulfillment with specified frame sizes and parameter values Latency Tab Enable marking of the field allows running Latency test Iteration amount of trials of each specified frame size in Latency test Interval time period of continuous test fulfillment with specified frame sizes and parameter values Manual rates when the field is marked Latency test will run with the load specified in below settings Otherwise the test will run with the load being the result of Throughput test Frame loss Tab Enable marking of the field allows running Frame Loss Rate test Interval s time period of continuous test fulfillment with specified frame sizes and parameter values Step loading percentage value of loading by which the loading of each successive test stage will decrease in case of frame loss First loading percentage value of loading at the beginning of Frame Loss test Last loading percentage loading value to which Frame Loss loading decreases If frame loss is not detected at any stage loading will not decrease to the level of final loading value Back to back Tab Amount amount of trials in Back to back test for each set frame size Enable marking of this field allows running Back to back test Min interval s minimum time interval in seconds during which the Te
10. Tx byte 47948664 Loss Frame Figure 10 8 Multistream Test The following fields are displayed in Measurements field Elaps time elapsed since Multistream test launch Estim time to the end of Multistream test Load value of generated stream load Tx frames number of transmitted frames in the selected stream Rx frames number of received frames in the selected stream Tx byte number of transmitted bytes in the selected stream Loss Frame number of lost bytes in the selected stream equal to the difference between transmitted bytes number and received bytes number It is displayed in Number column Frame loss ratio is displayed in Ratio column Note during the test Loss field may display a nonzero value even if no frames have been lost This can be explained by channel latency and sender receiver buffer latency Latency the measured average latency value of the selected stream if test was successful During test run the field displays current measured latency value Status of the specific stream is displayed under Stream X field It shows current status of the stream and can be as follows OK test passed successfully Runnin test is running at the moment Stop test was stopped Off test is disabled Error test was unsuccessful NS no line synchronization line synchronization loss during te
11. 15 1 BER Test Description BER test represents Layer 1 test allowing the user to check a channel for bit errors Bit Error Rate BER is equal to a ratio of received erroneous bits to the total bits received BER test is not suitable for testing of network sections containing Layer 2 and Layer 3 network equipment because it may cause packet loss When a network section looped up according to Variant A see Figure 10 4 1 is tested it is necessary to activate Layer 1 loopback at the remote point BERT menu is illustrated in Figure 10 15 1000F 1000F BERT Statistic Elaps 00 01 00 Estim 00 00 00 Rx bit 4315851360 kx Ebit 0 BER O O00000e400 L55 0 LOS 0 LES 0 000 Los 0 000 dls 16 Figure 10 15 BER test The following fields are displayed on test status menu Elaps time from the beginning of BER test Estim time until the end of BER test Rx bit amount of received bits Rx Ebit amount of received erroneous bits BER ratio of received erroneous bits to total bits received LSS amount of seconds without pattern synchronization LOS amount of seconds without line synchronization LSS ratio of time with no test pattern synchronization to elapsed time LOS ratio of time with no line synchronization to elapsed time 10 15 2 BERT Settings The following fields are displayed on Settings menu Pattern type pattern type selection user pattern specifi
12. 7 2 4 It is necessary to control required parameters and statistics on Tester menu and their service capability in the corresponding modes 11 7 3 Clock frequency error calculation Bit timing frequency error is calculated by means of a frequency analyzer Mark Clock frequency field of Checking tab see Paragraph 10 21 7 Device Settings menu Frequency analyzer is connected to the slot of MAKS EMK tester being checked by means of K08 1 cable The measured value must be 125 00 MHz with a relative accuracy of 2 10 11 7 4 Calculation of Frequency Error at Payload Transmission 100 channel load error is calculated by means of a frequency analyzer Frequency analyzer is connected to the slot of the tester being checked by means of K08 1 cable Mark Velocities field of Checking tab see Paragraph 10 22 6 Device Settings menu Frequency of information bytes transmission during package generation with irreducible time slot for several packet lengths is measured Absolute measurement error is 15 kHz Absolute error is measured as follows A Fetr Fr where Fete bit timing frequency measured by frequency analyzer Fr theoretical value calculated for each data link speed Maximum channel load is calculated according to the following formula Fr 125xMx L 8 L 20 MBps where L packet length bytes M 1 for 1000BASE T M 0 1 for 100BASE T M 0 01 for 1OBASE T Depending on
13. ARP request frame in bytes wait time ms waiting time for a reply to the ARP request from network node expressed in milliseconds Iteration quantity of ARP requests sent to one network node 10 12 Copper Cable Diagnostics Cable diagnostics is performed in two stages quality test and determination of twisted pair parameters Cable quality test is based on breakage diagnostics reflectometric technique that includes distance to fault measurement and cable plugs fault type definition Cable quality test is run without in line synchronization and that is why Link LED extinguishes during this test Each TP of RJ45 connector 1 2 3 6 4 5 7 8 is tested separately Copper Cable Diagnostics menu is illustrated in Figure 10 12 a 2B 1000F 1000F Cable Diagnostics Port A Status Leng m r 6 Channel A B T B Polar Lat ns B D D Status Leng m 0 Channel B A D T Polar Lat ns a D B Figure 10 12 Copper cable diagnostics Cable quality test results displayed in Status field may be as follows good the cable is OK and is connected to the line fault test not passed open the pair is open Short SC of the pair fair fair satisfactory Leng m distance to SC or breakage or to impulse reflection point when Status field displays fair If SC or line breakdown happens distance to failure will be determined by
14. Name System stands for a distributed system providing information on domains This function allows getting host IP address by its domain name DNS menu is illustrated in Figure 10 11 3 DNS Test Settings Domain name domain name according to which DNS request will be made Status current test status Domain IP received domain IP address Domain name google com Domain IP 094 025 217 163 Figure 10 11 3 DNS Status field during DNS test may be as follows Passed test was OK and DNS request was responded In progress DNS request was made test is awaiting response Timeout error at test launching wrong domain name etc test has not been launched 10 11 4 IP Scanner IP Scanner feature is designed for detection of network IP addresses responding ARP queries IP Scanner menu is illustrated in Figure 10 11 4 Test results are presented in a table showing information on network nodes The first column indicates node number the second column its IP address SCAN Rel Tx ay IP Scanner Elaps 00 00 06 Estim 00 00 09 192 168 0 1 192 166 0 34 192 166 0 35 192 168 0 3 192 166 0 37 192 166 0 36 192 166 0 39 Figure 10 11 4 IP Scanner IP Scanner Test Settings First Address network scanning starts with this IP address Last Address network scanning finishes with this IP address Packet size length of
15. Received MAC field disappears and its value is disregarded MAC Dest destination MAC address If network section under test does not contain routers destination MAC address will be the address of frame receiving loopbacking device Alternatively destination MAC address will be defined by MAC address of the nearest router MAC Source address of traffic generating interface is set as source MAC address This field indicates the value specified on Interface Settings menu Layer 3 Marking of this field makes settings of network Layer packet fields available Automatical IP Destination if this field is marked destination IP address will be similar to opposite port IP address at A gt B and B gt A test topology IP Dest destination IP address IP Source address of traffic generating interface is set as source IP address This field indicates the value specified on Interface Settings menu ToS Precedence activation deactivation of QoS settings Marking of this field blocks DSCP and its value is disregarded For detailed description of fields refer to RFC 791 ToS field bit names are presented in Table A 1 Appendix A Precedence frame precedence specifies PO P2 bits in ToS field It assumes values from 0 to 7 Correspondence of precedence values and names are presented in Table A 2 Appendix A ToS TO T3 bits in ToS field displayed in binary form This field can assume the following values 000
16. be selected from Topology menu Traffic Test menu is illustrated in Figure 10 5 1 Te 1000F TRAP Rx 1000F Elaps 90 00 06 Estim 00 00 06 Parameter AMOUR Ratio Tx Frames oO14412 Rx Frames oO1l4 562 Tx byte 512922368 Vet Mbps 999 9Mbps POV 0 Latency lns 15 58 Figure 10 5 1 Traffic test Test menu contains the following functional buttons Start Stop test start and stop Sett access to test settings The following fields are displayed on test status menu Elaps time from the beginning of traffic test Estim time until the end of traffic test Tx Frames transmitted frames amount Rx Frames received frames amount Tx bytes received bytes amount Vrt Mbps current test traffic soeed This data is displayed only during test run PDV ns average packet jitter value Latency latency value Loss frame amount of lost bytes equal to the difference between the amount of transmitted frames and the amount received frames It is displayed in Amount column Frame loss ratio is displayed in Ratio column Err frames received erroneous frames total amount Runt Jabber CRC it displayed in Amount column Error ratio is displayed in Ratio column CRC amount of received frames with erroneous checksum displayed in Amount column Erroneous frames ratio is displayed in Ratio column Runts amount of received frames les
17. for the corresponding functions will become unblocked Also names of the activated options will be displayed under Key field List of existent Tester options is presented in Table 10 23 Table 10 23 Option Name Description 08 RC Remote Management via Ethernet 08 MPLS Settings of MPLS packet fields 08 MS Multistream Test 08 PTP Time Synchronization PTP IEEE1588 08 Y1564 Y 1564 Measurement SAM 08 IPTV MDI Metrics Measurement 08 AT Asymmetric Channels Testing 10 23 3 Date and Time The menu displays current date and time settings Date current date setting and display Time current time setting and display Press F4 key to enter Date and Time tab of Device Settings menu from any menu of the Tester 10 23 4 Battery Voltage the field displays value of battery voltage in V 10 23 5 Display The menu shows current settings of display brightness and contrast Brightness image brightness settings Contrast image contrast settings 10 23 6 Checking The menu displays checking modes of the Tester Only one field of the below mentioned can be marked at a time Switch Off marking disables switching of checking signals Clock frequency marking enables switching of bit timing frequency checking signals Velocities marking enables switching of information speed and amount checking signals GPS checking marking enables switching of the signal
18. refer to Paragraph 10 5 3 Advanced Tab Duration time duration of the test set in hh mm ss format If its value equals zero the test will run endlessly Units selection of units in which Load is displayed Load load value Threshold FLR if this threshold is exceeded the test will be considered failed Packet length b packet length in bytes generated during the test Learning Int ms waiting time in microseconds after sending a Learning frame or an ARP request and before frames transmission starts 10 16 2 MDI Test Statistics The following fields are displayed in test statistics menu Elaps time elapsed since MDI test launch Estim time to the end of MDI test DF delay factor The coefficient is constantly being verified during the test MLR media loss rate Takes account of lost frames and frames received in no particular order The coefficient is constantly being verified during the test Rx Frames received frames amount Vrx average value of test traffic rate at reception calculated for Layer 4 during the last second 10 17 Loopback Testing Tester is connected to a network or a network device according to the diagram presented in Figure 10 17 MAKS EMK allows activation of two independent loopbacks at both USB ports or loopback activation at one port and any other available function at the second one 10 17 1 Loopback Settings Common Tab
19. source IP address Destination specifies new destination IP address ToS Precedence marking activates swapping of ToS field with QoS parameters Marking of this field blocks DSCP installation and its value is disregarded Refer to RFC 791 for detailed field description ToS field bit names are listed in Appendix A Table A 1 ToS this field specifies new value of ToS byte TO T3 bits It is displayed in binary form and may assume the following values 0000 0001 0010 0100 1000 Precedence specifies new value of ToS byte PO P2 bits It can assume values from 0 to 7 Correspondence of precedence names and their values are shown in Appendix A Table A 2 Replace DSCP marking of this field activates swapping of DSCP field with QoS parameters and blocks ToS Precedence installation and its value is disregarded DSCP field bit names are listed in Appendix A Table A 3 The field may assume values from 0 to 64 it displays 6 uppermost DSO DS5 bits of the corresponding frame header byte in binary form Alphabetic abbreviation refer to RFC 2474 and RFC 2597 for more detailed information is also displayed Correspondence of DSCP names with their values are shown in Appendix A Tables A 4 and A 5 10 18 Thru Mode Thru mode allows optical electrical Ethernet traffic monitoring and analysis You should connect MAKS EMK to the gap between two network sections or two network devices as illustrated in Figure 10 18 At that the
20. traffic received from port A will be forwarded to port B and the traffic received from port B will be forwarded to port A Thru mode can also be used to convert one Ethernet standard into another Thus you can convert optical 1000BASE X Ethernet into electrical 1OOOBASE T Ethernet and others Statistics on received and transmitted frames is displayed on Statistics menu If connection speed values of two ports differ frame loss during transmission from the port with higher connection speed to the one with lesser speed will be acceptable Reception and transmission speeds at both ports in Thru mode are displayed in Statistics menu To activate Thru function mark the corresponding menu option see Figure 10 2 CAL MAKGC EMK Figure 10 18 Thru mode connection diagram 10 19 Statistics Tester collects statistics on the received and transmitted frames Statistics information is sorted as to Layers frame types frame sizes and erroneous frames Statistics menu appearance is illustrated in Figure 10 19 D cee eee oor IE es Ieee iooor EIA O ommon Rx Frames 9545 99145576 Tx Frames 99136649 357 Rx byte 1776164 20496090850 Tx byte 2049805097 24008 JAute clear Reset 15 16 Figure 10 19 Statistics 10 19 1 Statistics Menu Options Common Tab Fields display received and transmitted data for ports A an
21. transmission speed and packet length bit timing frequency Fetr values in MHz are listed in Table 11 3 Limits of tolerable bit timing relative error with account of temperature instability and aging treatment make up 15 kHz Table 11 3 Packet 10BASE T 100BASE T 1000BASE T Length bytes 64 1 071 10 714 107 143 512 1 222 12 218 122 180 1518 1 240 12 402 124 025 Deactivate all tests on port B of MAKS EMK Tester by means of Process B menu Make sure there are no captions under port B Test LED Set connection speed of 10 Mbps for both measurement ports on Interface Settings menu Activate Traffic Test with the following settings load 100 frame length from Table 11 3 test duration 10 seconds on Process A menu Terminal A gt gt B topology This test measures frequency value Measurements for connection speeds of 100 and 1000 Mbps are performed in the similar manner for each frame length 11 7 5 Calculation of Data Amount Error Mark Velocities field of Checking tab see Paragraph 10 22 6 of the tester being checked Device Settings menu Connect port A and port B of the tested MAKS EMK by means of a patch cord Deactivate all tests on port B via Process B menu and make sure there are no captions under Test LED of port B Mark Auto clear on Statistics menu on Common tab Specify connection speed of 10 Mbps for both me
22. 0 0001 0010 0100 and 1000 DSCP activation deactivation of QoS settings Marking of this field blocks ToS Precedence and its value is disregarded DSCP field bit names are presented in Table A 3 Appendix A The field may assume values from 0 to 64 and it displays 6 uppermost DSO DS5 bits from the corresponding frame header byte in binary form Lettered abbreviation is also displayed see RFC 2474 and RFC 2597 for more details Correspondence of precedence values and names are presented in Tables A 4 and A 5 Appendix A Layer 4 Marking of this field makes settings of transport Layer packet fields available UDP Dest destination port number UDP Source source port number Source MAC address source IP address and VLAN and MPLS fields are set by means of Interface Settings menu 10 5 4 Traffic Test for Asymmetric Channels Note Traffic Test for Asymmetric Channels is Tester option 08 AT The Tester is connected according to Variant C described in paragraph 10 4 In this case either Terminal A gt gt R or Terminal B gt gt R mode is to be selected from Topology menu Traffic Test for Asymmetric Channels always involves two devices Use of two interfaces of one tester is not appropriate Traffic Test menu is illustrated in Figure 10 5 2 1000F DY Statistics Output p Elaps 00 00 12 Estim 00 00 00 5 Test 15 OK Parameter Amount Ratio Tx Frames 1491 43 Rex Frames 1491 43 Tx byte g5
23. 4715572 Vet Mbps 100 0 FDY NnS 0 Loss Frames i 0 000 fm 16 03 Figure 10 5 2 Traffic Test for Asymmetric Channels Test menu contains the following two functional keys Start Stop test start and stop Sett access to test settings Test status menu contains two tabs displaying current and remote point parameters Statistics output measured parameters and values of the outgoing stream from the current port to a remote point Tab header field is blue Statistics input measured parameters and values of the incoming stream from a remote point to the current port Tab header field is green Parameter statistics is analogous to the one described in Paragraph 10 5 1except for Rx frames amount of received frames at the second point Unilateral latency is not measured Note Remote point parameters values are not displayed during test performance 10 5 5 Settings of Traffic Test for Asymmetric Channels Test settings menu contains four tabs displaying settings of streams from the current point and from the remote point Header output packet fields parameters and values for the outgoing stream from the current port to a remote point Changeable parameter fields are blue Header input packet fields parameters and values for the incoming stream from a remote point to the current port Fields of changeable parameters are blue Additional output outgoing stream additional parameters
24. BER test traffic reception or transmission CAB port is busy with cable test signals transmission and reception DNS port is busy with DNS test packets transmission and reception JIT port is busy with Packet Jitter test traffic transmission or reception LB1 Layer 1 Loopback mode is on LB2 Layer 2 Loopback mode is on LB3 Layer 3 Loopback mode is on LB4 Layer 4 Loopback mode is on MDI port is busy with MDI test traffic transmission MS port is busy with Multistream test traffic transmission and reception OAM OAM mode is activated PING port is busy with Ping test traffic transmission and reception PTP port is busy with PTP test data reception or transmission RFC port is busy with RFC 2544 test traffic transmission or reception SCAN port is busy with IP Scanner test traffic transmission or reception THRU Thru menu has been selected or Thru mode is on TRT port is busy with Traceroute test packets transmission and reception TRAF port is busy with traffic test data transmission or reception Rx LED indicates data reception status Green Rx LED reports that the port is busy with traffic reception Tx LED indicates data transmission process Yellow highlighting of Tx LED reports that the port is busy with traffic transmission Link LED indicates connection status Link LED ca
25. Off test is disabled Error test was unsuccessful NS no line synchronization line synchronization loss during test No Tx no test traffic transmission No Rx no test traffic reception RxTx amount of received test frames exceeds the amount of transmitted test frames It reports problems of network equipment the current measurement interface of the tester is connected to To the left of the status status icon indicating current status of the test is displayed Icon values are described in Paragraph 10 5 1 All the measured parameter values for the selected stream are presented in tabular form in Performance page 1 and Performance page 2 tabs Performance page 1 Tab Parameter Performance Test column consisting of the following parameters FL the field displays measured quantity of lost frames FLR the field displays measured value of frame loss rate AVAIL the field displays line availability time in seconds AVAIL the field displays value of line availability rate expressed as a percentage of total test time Value the column displays values of measured parameters Performance page 2 Tab Parameter Productivity Test column consisting of the following parameters IR Mbps the field displays measured throughput value FTD the field displays measured latency value FDV the field displays measured packet jitter value Min the
26. PS Checking field on Checking tab of Device Settings menu please refer to par 10 22 6 GPS synchronization error is calculated by means of a phase differential analyzer The phase differential analyzer is connected to the Tester according to the diagram shown in Figure 11 7 1 Connect the GPS GLONASS antenna to the GPS jack of MAKS EMK Tester 1 Hz reference signal is supplied to slot 1 of the phase differential analyzer Connect slot of the MAKS EMK Tester being checked to slot 2 of the phase differential analyzer by means of K08 1 cable Make the needed measurements using the phase differential analyzer simultaneously with performing the test Phase differential analyzer measures AT and MAKS EMK Tester measures ATy Calculate absolute error by the following formula A ATpn ATy where ATpn synchronization phase differential measured by means of the phase differential analyzer ATy synchronization phase differential measured by means of MAKS EMK Tester GPS GLONASS Reference signal Measuring the phase difference oaa MAKC EMK w JAXA Figure 11 7 1 Diagram of GPS Synchronization Error Measurement Synchronization phase differential is a value of the time slot between the edge of reference synchronization signal and the edge of GPS synchronization signal Absolute measurement error is equal to 1 ms 11 7 7 Determination of Error
27. PTP Settings Menu External Clock Setting this mode is not used Unicast mark this field to select unicast single address mode of PTP synchronization with servers Multicast mark this field to select multicast multi address mode of PTP synchronization with servers Duration time duration of the test set in hh mm ss format If its value equals zero the test will run endlessly Domain auto detection marking of the field sets the mode allowing auto identification of the domain Domain selection of the domain for work in manual mode IP PTP Master field for entering IP address of master device for work in unicast single address mode When working in multicast multi address mode the field is blocked When the required parameters have been set enter PTP Server List menu by clicking Select button PTP Server List menu by clicking Select button The menu consists of 10 lines displaying data on PTP servers found on the network To select a server place the cursor in the required line containing server information and press Done During multi address operation the server selected according to BMCA algorithm will be displayed as BMCA in Number field 10 10 2 PTP Test Statistics PTP test menu is illustrated in Figure 10 10 PTP menu contains three tabs Information Statistics and Measurements Inform Parameter Value Mess
28. Tab Load the field displays tested loading value expressed as a percentage Latency the field shows measured average latency value in ns if the test was successful During the test current measured latency value is displayed in this field Frame loss Tab Load this field displays tested load values in To view the required column press Down arrow key and then select the needed column containing load data using Left and Right keys Frame loss value for the selected load will be displayed in Loss column Measurements are performed before the trial which will detect no frame loss That is why only values of loads that participated in tests are displayed in the table Loss the field displays frame loss value in for the selected load Back to back Tab Quant maximum quantity of frames the network device can process without loss Max s maximum time interval during which the network device can process the traffic without loss 10 7 Y 1564 Method 10 7 1 Y 1564 Test Description Note Y 1564 test is Tester option 08 Y1564 Y 1564 is a modern method of Ethernet service activation Methodology of the test is divided in two parts service configuration test helping to find and correct problems of network configuration and service performance test confirming eligibility for acceptance and service and its permanence in time Y 1564 method describes
29. age Interv 1 IP address 192 166 0 100 TD QOO 16 CO FF FE Q4 ED 9 Port Number 1 Domain 1 PTP version 2 18 05 Figure 10 10 PTP Time Synchronization Inform Tab The tab displays parameters of the selected PTP server Message Interv interval between Announce messages IP address IP address of PTP server ID unique 64 bit PTP server identifier displayed in two lines Port Number refer to IEEE1588 standard describing PTP Domain the domain into which PTP master device is included PTP version protocol version It can assume values 1 or 2 Clock Class this parameter defines qualitative technological accordance of the PTP master device Clock Accuracy this parameter sets minimum time interval characterizing accuracy of time measurement It is used for defining the best one of the found PTP master devices for BMCA algorithm Time Source information parameter displaying number of the category the time source used by PTP Master belongs to in accordance with IEEE 1588 see Annex A Table A 8 Priority 1 referential attribute specified in PTP server settings and used in BMCA the less the value the higher PTP server priority Parameter value must belong to the range from 0 to 255 Priority 2 referential attribute specified in PTP server settings and used in BMCA the less the value the higher PTP server priority It is used in case selection of the best Master according to basi
30. ames received at port A Tx A amount of frames transmitted at port A Rx B amount of frames received at port B Tx B amount of frames transmitted at port B Frame Sizes Tab size frame size in bytes Rx received frames amount Tx transmitted frames amount In order to see statistics on another port enter the tab using Enter key and select the required port using Left and Right arrow keys Frame Errors Tab CRC amount of received frames with checksum error Runts amount of received frames of less than 64 bytes in length with correct checksum Jabber amount of received frames of more than 1518 bytes in length with checksum error 10 20 Memory MAKS EMK Tester is equipped with embedded non volatile 488 records memory used for saving settings and test results Memory menu contains two tabs Settings and Results Settings menu is illustrated in Figure 10 20 Settings Tab To save current test and interface settings place cursor in Curent line and press Save Then enter record name and press Save To upload or delete previously saved records position the cursor in the line containing the required record and press Load Delete or Del all Results Tab Result saving window appears each time the user presses Menu button after a test finishes To save results of the performed test enter file name and press S
31. aphs marked with Caution warn the user against a hazardous situation that may damage the equipment or cause bodily injuries Caution 1 Purpose Packet Network Tester and Analyzer MAKS EMK is destined for use while servicing commissioning and certifying Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet networks MAKS EMK_ performs accurate measurements of copper Ethernet 10BASE T 100BASE T 1000BASE T and optical Ethernet 1000BASE X MAKS EMK functional capabilities include Traffic generation and testing at data link networking and transport iiaei at two interfaces simultaneously RFC 2544 recommended test procedure Y 1564 recommended test procedure Packet jitter measurement Loopback testing at physical data link and networking Layers Testing of channel integrity and IP routes Received and transmitted traffic statistics collection and display Connection between measuring ports Through mode Copper cable diagnostics Remote control via USB port and Ethernet 1 1 Utmost Permissible Operation Conditions MAKS EMK is a portable Tester designed for operation within the following conditions environment temperature 5 C 40 C relative air humidity up to 90 at the temperature of 25 C atmospheric pressure 450Mmhg 60kPa min and 795 Mmhg 106 kPa max The Tester is powered from a built in battery 1 ea Lilon type or AC mains 220 230 V 50 60 Hz if a power u
32. asurement ports on Interface Settings menu Activate Traffic Test with the following settings load 100 packet length 64 bytes test duration 1 second and manually set MAC addresses on Process A menu Terminal A gt gt B process topology Activate Traffic Test with the following settings on Process A menu Terminal A gt gt B Make sure the test has been successful Statistics menu Record Ny i e number of measured bytes received on Port B Common Tab Port B Rx bytes Concurrent with test launch perform measurements by means of frequency analyzer connected to DUT Connect a frequency analyzer to the slot of MAKS EMK tester being checked by means of K08 1 cable Measure received bytes number Nf with regard to packet preamble that will be determined by the number of measured impulses Measurements for 1518 byte packet length are performed in analogous way Calculate absolute error by the following formula A Nf L L 8 Nm where Nf information content in bytes measured with frequency analyzer with consideration of packet preamble Nm information content in bytes measured without consideration of packet preamble L frame length in bytes Absolute measurement error is equal to 1 byte 11 7 6 Determination of GPS Synchronization Error Only MAKS EMK tester of E modification with a GPS antenna jack is subject to checking Mark G
33. ave To cancel saving the user is to press Cancel button Saved entries are displayed on Results tab of Memory menu To upload or delete previously saved entries position the cursor in the line containing the required record and press Load Delete or Del all Note When tests are running it is impossible to upload settings or results from the memory You have to discontinue all tests first 1000F 1 Yd Results Px 1 asym_traft 000 07 05 15 16 05 ett mdi 000 O7 03e ot lbs See Wea r U2 Load peee e6 07 Figure 10 20 Memory 10 21 Interface Settings Interface Settings menu displays settings of measurement ports A and B and remote management port with an RJ 45 connector denoted as follows re Interface Settings menu is illustrated in Figure 10 21 1 LOOOF Port B aT 16 08 Figure 10 21 1 Interface Settings Interface Settings menu opens access to the menu containing settings of each port Settings menu is illustrated in Figure 10 20 2 1000F A yd Common Port A PY Speed M10 i 100 iM 1ooo Duplex M HDX WI FDX MAC Address OOP Ue PIT Ca rel JOHCP IP Address 192 166 0000 200 Subnet Mask Pee ocean DOU Gateway 197 166 0000 001 eT 16 08 Figure 10 21 2 Interface Settings menu Common tab Interface Settings menu of each port contains four tabs Common Port A B VLAN Port A B
34. bytes Simultaneous activation of VLAN and MPLS tags leads to cumulative frame length increase When MPLS tags are active minimal lengths will make up 68 bytes for one MPLS tag 72 bytes for two MPLS tags and 76 bytes for three MPLS tags because of frame tag fields lengthening If lesser frame sizes are set an error report will be displayed RFC 2544 test with default frame size values i e 64 bytes and more will not run Packet Filter Port A B Tab Packet filtering parameters are set on this tab It is acceptable to select several filtering variants Packets satisfying the conditions of filtering will come into account in test results MAC Dest marking enables packet filtering as per the set destination MAC address At that only packets satisfying the condition will be accounted in test results MAC Source MAC Dest marking enables filtering of packets with similar Source and destination MAC addresses At that packets satisfying the condition will be deleted from test results IP Dest marking enables packet filtering as per the set destination IP address At that only packets satisfying the condition will be accounted in test results IP Source IP Dest marking enables filtering of packets with similar source and destination IP addresses At that packets satisfying the condition will be deleted from test results VLAN ID 1 marking enables filtering of packets as per the set identifier of the f
35. c parameters failed Parameter value must belong to the range from 0 to 255 Statist Tab Values column of the table displays sum counters of PTP packets at reception and transmission and single message counters Rx frames all PTP packets received from the server Announce Announce packets received from PTP server Sync Synchronization packets received from PTP server Follow Up packets with first time stamp received from PTP server Delay Resp packets with third time stamp received from PTP server Tx Frames all PTP packets sent to the server Delay Reg PTP packets with second time stamp sent to the server Measuring Tab The tab displays values of the parameters measured according to PTP Elaps time from the beginning of PTP test Estim time until the end of PTP test Tms time delay between PTP master and slave devices showing the difference between the time of Sync message reception by PTP slave device and the time of the message sending by master device Tsm time delay between PTP master and slave devices showing the difference between the time of Delay Request message reception by PTP master device and the time of the message sending by slave device T average average delay between PTP master and slave devices Offset divergence between PTP master and slave devices time scales after first synchronization Sync PDV packet jitter calculated accord
36. ce RFC 2544 testing 10 6 2 RFC 2544 Test Settings Pressing Default button returns all RFC 2544 test settings to default value Header Tab This tab contains similar setting fields for all tests with traffic generation Refer to paragraph 10 5 3 for description Frames Tab RFC 2544 method recommends using the following seven preset frame sizes 64 128 256 512 1024 1280 and 1518 bytes at Ethernet testing These values are set by default It is possible to set other frame sizes and apply extended RFC 2544 pattern that allows using frames of random sizes including Jumbo frames from 1519 to 9600 bytes of length You can also set an additional test frame from 64 to 9600 bytes of length Frame sizes in bytes should be specified in lines Field marking allows the corresponding configuration of the frame Note Some routers either do not support Jumbo frames or have to be preconfigured to support them Please familiarize with the specific router documents to estimate the possibility of Jumbo frames support Throughput Tab Enable marking of this field allows running Throughput test Min Loading loading value expressed in percent Achievement of this value stops Throughput test If zero value is set the test will continue until an irreducible load value stated in paragraph 10 6 1 is achieved Max Loading percentage loading value at the beginning of Throughput test for each frame size
37. checking GPS synchronization error PPS discrepancy checking marking enables switching of the signal checking synchronization discrepancy measurement error 11 Checking Procedure The present test procedure determines methods and instruments of primary checking and periodic re checking of MAKS EMK packet network Testers manufactured by JSC SPE KOMETEH registered in St Petersburg Russia In service Testers and Testers after being stored or and repaired are subject to checking 11 1 Checking Stages Re checking period makes up 2 years Tester maintenance reduces itself to periodic visual inspection of the power unit and the cords aimed at keeping them clean and in good order 11 1 1 During checking stages listed in Table 11 1 should be performed Table 11 1 Test Conducting an operation at No Operation Name procedure primary periodic re paragraph checking checking 1 External examination 11 7 1 Yes Yes 2 Assaying 11 7 2 Yes Yes 3 Bit timing frequency error 11 7 3 Yes Yes calculation 4 Calculation of frequency 11 7 4 Yes No error at payload transmission 5 Calculation of information 11 7 5 Yes Yes content measurement error 6 Determination of GPS 11 7 6 Yes Yes synchronization error 7 Determination of error in 11 7 7 Yes Yes synchronization discrepancy measurement 11 2 Checking Instruments 11 2 1 When checking the Tester you should use checking instrume
38. column displays minimum values of measured parameters Avr the column displays average values of measured parameters Max the column displays maximum values of measured parameters Parameter column fields contain round indicators showing current test status The indicators can be as follows Green measurement successful Yellow waiting for beginning of measurement Red measurement unsuccessful White productivity test is disabled Note If measured value of frame loss ratio exceeds the maximum permissible value specified in test settings measurement of FL and FLR parameters should be considered unsuccessful If measured value of line availability ratio is less than minimum permissible value specified in test settings measurement of AVAIL and AVAIL parameters should be considered unsuccessful If measured average value of latency exceeds the maximum permissible value specified in test settings measurement of FTD parameter should be considered unsuccessful If measured average packet jitter value exceeds the maximum permissible value specified in test settings measurement of FDV parameter should be considered unsuccessful Note Performance Test field is not marked If this case all Productivity Test parameters specified on tabs Performance page 1 and Performance page 2 will be turned off 10 8 Multistream Note Multistream
39. cy and FDV Jitter tabs values of all the measured parameters are displayed for Test column of the selected stream Rate IR Tab Min the column shows minimum measured throughput values Avr the column shows average measured throughput values Max the column shows maximum measured throughput values Frame Loss FL Tab Count the column displays quantity of lost frames FLR the column displays frame loss ratio FLR Frame Delay FTD Tab Min the column displays minimum measured latency values Avr the column displays average measured latency values Max the column displays maximum measured latency values Jitter FDV Tab Min the column displays minimum measured values of packet jitter Avr the column displays average measured values of packet jitter Max the column displays maximum measured values of packet jitter Performance Test Statistics Performance Test Statistics tab includes two tabs Performance page 1 and Performance page 2 Performance test shall be considered successful if values of the measured parameters are within the allowance specified in its settings Productivity test status is displayed above Stream X field It shows current status of the test and can be as follows OK test passed successfully Wait test has not started yet Runnin test is running at the moment Stop test was stopped
40. d B expressed in bytes and frames Rx Frames amount of received frames Tx Frames amount of transmitted frames Rx byte amount of received bytes Tx byte amount of transmitted bytes Auto clear when marked all statistics information will be reset each time a new test with traffic generation is launched RFC 2544 Y 1564 Traffic test Packet jitter Multistream BERT To reset all accumulated statistics values press Reset button To save a Statistics report press Save button enter file name and press Save again Speed Tab V L1 Layer 1 reception and transmission speed for both ports in bps V L2 Layer 2 reception and transmission speed for both ports in bps Its values can be interpreted as instantaneous values of data reception and data transmission speeds without regard to preamble interframe gap and start frame delimiter Maximum Layer 2 speed at interfaces is calculated by the following formula V V x 5 i5 Y 4 P SFD IFG Where Yi information rate r connection speed 1000 Mbps 100 Mbps 10 Mbps S frame size P preamble 7 bits SFD start frame delimiter 1 bit IFG interframe gap 12 bits V L3 Layer 3 reception and transmission speed for both ports in bps Frame Types Tab Broadcast broadcast frames Multicast multicast frames Unicast unicast frames Pause pause frames Rx A amount of fr
41. data must include consigner and consignee names cargo package gross and net weight Fragile freight Keep dry and This side up handling instructions 6 Packaging 6 1 MAKS EMK Tester its accessories kit and in line documentation are placed into a bag and then packed into a cardboard box according to the corresponding construction documentation Packing the Tester into an additional box is specified in the delivery contract Pack the equipment in a room with relative humidity of 80 max and at a temperature of 15 C 35 C 7 General Operation 7 1 Before starting MAKS EMK operation it is highly recommended to familiarize with the present User Manual purpose of keys external connectors and components of the Tester 7 2 The Tester should be operated in the conditions not exceeding its operation conditions The supply mains must be free from voltage spikes There must not be strong electrical and or magnetic field sources next to the working place 7 3 Protect the Tester and its power unit from hits moisture dust and continuous exposure to direct sunlight 7 4 lf you put the Tester into operation after its stay in cold weather conditions you will have to place it in standard environment for at least 2 hours and only then start its operation 7 5 If service interruptions last for more than two hours it will be recommended to disconnect power unit from the mains 7 6 The Tester can be power
42. days 8 Safety Precautions Caution External power unit carries fatal voltage Do not operate the power unit if damaged 9 Preparation for Work 9 1 Unpack the Tester and examine it visually Check set completeness according to Table 2 1 9 2 Keep the Tester in normal conditions for at least 2 hours 9 3 Plug in the power unit if Tester is going to be mains powered If Tester is going to be battery powered you will have to charge the battery cells 9 4 To switch the tester on press On Off key and hold it for 2 seconds When the tester is powered a welcome message will appear on the screen To switch the Tester off press On Off key once and confirm the action using the menu The tester saves its current settings each time it is switched off correctly Each time the tester is switched on it will download saved settings and turn on the configured functions 10 Operation Procedure 10 1 Working with Menus and Entry Fields Main menu appears as soon as you switch Tester on Figure 10 1 shows main menu structure LOOOF LOOOF L Process B Statistics Device Interface Settings a La 45 Figure 10 1 Main menu Process A and Process B menus are designed for selection of Port A and Port B that will be involved in testing Memory menu is designed for saving test and interface settings as well as for viewing the info on the saved settings and measurements Statistics me
43. e To reset of the Tester press the hidden reset button with a thin blunt pin At that current settings are not saved and next time the Tester is switched on its settings will go back to the data saved when the Tester was switched off normally last time see Paragraph 9 5 en SFPA A B SFPB A f Ig li gt p m eral ajj SA Eo j j Eme JE zos gt i MAKC EMK Ji Figure 4 1 4 Location of Connectors Connection of SFP Receiver Transmitter SFP A and SFP B connectors are used for connection of SFP optical modules or SFP copper modules with external RJ45 to the Tester SFP modules supplied with the Tester and other modules can be used Please make sure that the receiver transmitter and the connector support the same physical interfaces before inserting the SFP module Do not forget to lock the SFP module latch When inserting the SFP module make sure that its label is facing the Tester front panel When the module is installed it will be securely fixed in the connector using the module s locking latch If the module has been installed properly you will hear a click Caution If it is not easy to install the SFP module for the first time please do not exert extra force on it to avoid connector damage Before an SFP module see Paragraph 10 21 6 is securely fixed the corresponding LED may already indicate its availability Please make sure that
44. ed from mains 220 230 V 50 60 Hz by means of a power unit battery cells Lilon 1ea To charge the battery connect MAKS EMK tester to the mains via its power unit At that the Tester can be either switched on or switched off indicator in screen bottom right corner shows battery characteristic The fewer segments are displayed the lower battery is At that as battery discharges indicator colour starts changing into green yellow and red When battery is being recharged the indicator alternately changes its colours As soon as power supply is connected battery indicator will acquire the following form E Battery cell characteristic refer to paragraph 10 22 4 Full battery charge time in normal weather conditions does not exceed 2 hours Battery service life depends on the amount of charge discharge cycles This battery type is meant for approximately 500 charge discharge cycles When battery cells are fully charged and depending on their condition Tester operating period in off line mode will be equal to at least 9 hours When battery is discharged the Tester will emit audio signal every 30 seconds The Tester turns off automatically when battery is much discharged At that it is possible to turn it on but the Tester will turn off automatically in 5 seconds To prevent full discharging of Tester battery and configuration reset do not keep the Tester discharged for a period of time exceeding 2
45. ed in User Pattern field PRBS 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 CRTP User Pattern 32 bits of user pattern Frame size frame size in bytes Units units in which load value is set or bps Load load value in or bps Duration time duration of the test set in hh mm ss format If its value equals zero the test will run endlessly Offset bytes offset value in bytes after Preamble field After Preamble field text sequence can be inserted 10 16 Testing of MDI IPTV Video Data Transmission Note MDI test is Tester option 08 IPTV MDI test can be used as a primary diagnostics tool and quality indicator of video data transmission The test corresponds to RFC 4445 recommendation and uses two test features Media Loss Rate MLR and Delay Factor DF MDI Test menu is illustrated in Figure 10 16 1000F Statistic MOI Parameter Elaps Estimate DF IUS MLE Rx Frames Lfadye WP OOO0Mbps 116 06 Figure 10 16 MDI Test 10 16 1 MDI Test Settings UNI Tab All parameters are defined in accordance with interface settings of the current port Speed the set data speed between the tester and DUT Duplex the established duplex mode between the tester and DUT Interface Type type of the physical interface established between the tester and DUT Header Tab The tab contains settings fields similar for all tests with traffic generation
46. ee its test results Rate IR Estim 00 00 00 Elaps 00 02 14 Stream 1 Figure 10 7 Y 1564 Test Service Configuration Test Statistics Configuration test statistics includes three tabs Rate IR FL Loss FTD Latency FDV Jitter They all have mutual Test that contains of the following lines CIR1 the field displays the first step of CIR test equal to 25 of the CIR value set in SLA tab CIR2 the field displays the first step of CIR test equal to 50 of the CIR value set in SLA tab CIR3 the field displays the first step of CIR test equal to 75 of the CIR value set in SLA tab CIR4 when Step Load is marked this field will display the fourth step of CIR test equal to unmarked CIR value set in SLA tab CIR EIR the field displays trial stage with CIR EIR load Policy the field displays trial stage of Policy test with the load exceeding CIR EIR To the left of Test column status icon indicating current status of the test is displayed Icon values are described in Paragraph 10 5 1 If errors in CIR or CIR EIR trials occur Y 1564 test will stop Note Unless marked Step Load field will be deactivated Note The user can consider the test successful if average value of the measured parameter is less than the value specified in test settings In the tables of Rate IR FL Loss FTD Laten
47. ent storage of test interface settings and test results in the internal memory of the Tester Specifications Table 2 1 Characteristics Description Interfaces Electrical Ethernet IP Two RJ45 interfaces 10 Mbps 100 Mbps 1000 Mbps Optical Ethernet IP Two SFP interfaces 1000 Mbps Managing interface for connection to PC USB client Ethernet 10 100 BASE T Display Graphical multicolour 320x240 dpi Battery Li lon 1 ea Weight and Size Depth 225 mm Width 110 mm Height 53 mm Weight 0 67 kg Power Stand alone operation in test up to9h mode Battery charge time 2 h max Supply voltage 12 V Utmost Permissible Operation Conditions Environment temperature 5 C 40 C Relative air humidity up to 90 at the temperature of 25 C Atmospheric pressure 450 Mmhg 60 kPa min and 795 Mmbhg 106 kPa max Other Characteristics TST test output pulse amplitude 15V 0 5V 3 Scope of Supply Table 3 1 Name Quantity Note MAKS EMK Tester and Analyzer Power unit USB cable Duplex patch cord kk Duplex optical patch cord Kk vivi K 08 cable for checking and reference signals Kk Fiber optic SFP module Carrier bag Software CD NO User Manual combined with Data Sheet It is possible to use items of oth
48. er types providing the same characteristics of the Tester Supplied at customer s request 4 Tester Structure and Operation 4 1 Front Panel Figure 4 1 shows front panel of the Tester where LED indicators display and keypad are located LED indicators Display Keypad Figure 4 1 Front Panel 4 1 1 LED Indicators LED indicators LEDs provide visual control of measuring conditions and data transmission reception LEDs are placed directly above the display Both A and B ports are provided with four LEDs each Test Rx Tx Link left to right Depending on Tester operation modes LEDs show different types of status information On the display under LEDs you can find captions describing mode of the Tester and the LEDs LED Description Test LEDs show port engagement in test fulfillment At that they can be of three different colours green either Loopback or Through mode is on or the port is engaged in test fulfillment orange one of unfinished tests containing errors is being fulfilled at the moment red the last test on the port was unsuccessful On screen captions of Test LEDs can be as follows A gt A traffic transmission topology from Port A to Port A selected A gt B traffic transmission topology from Port A to Port B selected A gt R for asymmetric test mode traffic transmission topology from Port A to a remote
49. eter CBS indicates maximum quantity of transmitted test traffic bytes CIR conditions being fulfilled Committed Information Rate This parameter defines CIR average test traffic rate in bps up to which CoS conditions are fulfilled CoS Class of Service CRC Cyclic Redundancy Checksum DDM Digital Diagnostics Monitoring DF Delay Factor DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DNS Domain Name System DSCP Differentiated Services Code Point DUT Device Under Test EBS Excess Burst Size Excess Information Rate maximum admissible exceeding EIR of CIR The parameter defines average test traffic rate in bps up to which CoS conditions are fulfilled FDV Frame Delay Variation packet jitter FLR Frame Loss Ratio Frame Loss Rate Frame Loss Rate test FTD Frame Transfer Delay GPS Global Positioning System IFG Inter Frame Gap IP Internet Protocol Unique identifier address of a device connected to the I aualess integrated network on TCP IP basis LAN Local Area Network Latency Frame latency test MAC Media Access Control MAC address Unique identifier address used for network devices addressing at the physical layer MDI Media Delivery Index MLR Media Loss Rate Operations Administration Maintenance Channel status OAM ae monitoring protocol OSI Open Systems In
50. in Figure 10 21 The program is common for MAKS EMK and MAKS EMBK but it can manage only one Tester Tool at a time H an m F x E MAKC EMK Remote Control lilt dll ltl tll Ml lll CORS Settings About Serial Connection l Process A Ethernet Connection Port COM3 IP 192 168 0 202 iS Process B i Cable test G Multistream Gasp Jitter test Gd x Gs Traffic test Ge Loopback Pr oe Optical test eai Y1564 p Statistics File transfer Symmetric Port A Tx 0 000 bps Rx 0 000 bps Asymmetric Traffic test Port A Test settings Header Header level 2 E ARP enable Destination MAC 00 01 02 03 04 05 V Header level 3 E Auto IP destination IP destination 192 168 000 201 Port B Tos osc V Header level 4 UDP destination 456 UDP source 123 Advanced Loading type nt Rate units X Rate 100 gt Threshold FLR 0 00001 packet length b 64 Duration 00 00 10 start a gt a O start ase Tx 0 000 bps Rx 0 000 bps Measuring Elapsed time Estimate time Status OK Count Coef Tx frames 14929456 Rx frames 14929456 Tx bytes 955485184 Vrt 1000 00Mbps PDV 0 000 Latency 16 000ns Lossframes 0 0 000 Runt 0 0 000 Jabber 0 0 000 CRC 0 0 000 Err frames 0 0 000 Pause frames 0 Apply Reset J gt Save Report
51. in Synchronization Discrepancy Measurement Only MAKS EMK tester of E modification is subject to checking Mark PPS discrepancy checking field on Checking tab of Device Settings menu please refer to par 10 22 6 Error in synchronization discrepancy measurement is determined using an impulse duration analyzer The 1 Hz reference source is connected to slot of MAKS EMK Tester by means of K08 1 cable according to the diagram shown in Figure 11 7 2 and then connect slot of the Tester to the impulse duration analyzer A rubidium time and frequency standard serves as a reference source Reference signal Measuring the pulse duration MAKC EMK_ ye x r O GOO e Figure 11 7 2 Diagram of Error Determination in Synchronization Discrepancy Measurement Make the needed measurements using the impulse duration analyzer simultaneously with launching the test Impulse duration analyzer measures Apn and MAKS EMK Tester measures Am Calculate absolute error by the following formula A Apn n where Apn impulse duration measured by means of the impulse duration analyzer Au impulse duration measured by means of MAKS EMK Tester Absolute measurement error is equal to 10 ns 11 8 Checking Result Presentation 11 8 1 Checking results are registered in a log and if Tester corresponds to the requirements stated in technical documentation a set form certifica
52. ing the Tester 14 Product Details Name Packet Network Tester and Analyzer MAKS EMK Designation MBCE 468212 008 Release date State Register Identification Number Certification Data Manufacturer CJSC SPE KOMETEH P O Box 140 Saint Petersburg 190103 Russia Ph 7 812 333 06 61 Ph Fax 7 812 333 08 09 e mail mail kometeh ru www kometeh ru Manufacturer s Warranty Manufacturer warrants compliance of MAKS EM MBCE 468212 008 TS Tester to specification requirements on the understanding that transportation storage and operating rules are observed by customer Warranty period is equal to 24 months from the date the customer took delivery of the Tester The stated period may be changed by mutual agreement of the parties in the delivery contract Acceptance Certificate MAKS EMK Tester MBCE 468212 008 TS with serial number was manufactured and accepted in accordance with state standards exclusive requirements and operative technical documentation and it is recognized ready for service Chief Quality Inspector personal signature Chief Engineer persona signature Stamp here print full name dd mm yyyy print full name dd mm yyyy Packing Certificate MAKS EMK Tester serial number was packed according to the requirements stipulated by the operative technical documentation function of undersigned personal signature print full name dd mm yyyy Informati
53. ing to Syne messages 10 11 TCP IP Utilities 10 11 1 Ping test Ping test is used to check achievability of a certain network node Frame receiving device if able to responds to the ping request sent according to ICMP so that the user could count round trip delay Frame loss percentage is also determined Ping test menu is illustrated in Figure 10 11 1 PING Rx Tx 4 Source 192 168 000 044 Destination Latency Figure 10 11 1 Ping test Test result is presented in tabular form The table shows data on the six latest ping requests as well as statistics on the latest test time slot The first table column indicates ping request number The second one shows ping request status that can take the following forms Request ping request was made but the response message has not been received yet OK ping request was responded correctly TimeOut wait time is over Intrpt wait time for the latest ping request was interrupted by the user The third column displays sent frame payload value in bytes The fourth column shows round trip propagation delay Ping settings IP address destination address address of the device ICMP packets are sent to in order to check its achievability Packet size packet size in bytes for networks not supporting jumbo frames maximum ICMP packet payload size is equal to 1472 bytes Wait time ms ping response wait time in ms Ping Statis
54. irst VLAN tag At that only packets satisfying the condition will be accounted in test results VLAN ID 2 marking enables filtering of packets as per the set identifier of the second VLAN tag At that only packets satisfying the condition will be accounted in test results Settings are applied after pressing of Set button appearing after current filtering settings have been edited 10 22 Remote Management Remote MAKS EMK management allows configuring Tester parameters setting and launching tests as well as viewing and saving test results USB port denoted S and LAN port denoted m serve for remote management of the Tester 10 22 1 Remote Management via USB USB port see Figure 4 1 4 is used for remote MAKS EMK management To organize an interface between Tester and PC you should install driver package for virtual CP210x_VCP_Win2K_XP_S2K3 exe COM port emulation When the driver is installed connect the Tester to PC via USB cable New COM port will appear on Device Manager 10 22 2 Remote Control via Ethernet Note Remote Control via Ethernet is Tester option 08 RC To manage the Tester connect it to connector by means of a patch cord see Figure 4 1 4 Configure the third Ethernet interface serving for remote management using Interface Settings menu then Interface Settings RC 10 22 3 Remote Control Software Operation Start EMKRemote exe program Dialogue box of the program is illustrated
55. itch between the ports set the cursor in SFP module A B line and select port A or B using Left and Right keys The following information is displayed on the menu Vendor SFP module vendor When no modules are installed the field will indicate No SFP module Serial number SFP module serial number according to vendor s nomenclature Revision version of the module according to vendor s nomenclature Date date of manufacture Part number number of module batch according to vendors nomenclature Wave length operating wavelength of SFP module in nm Monitoring DDM Tab The feature provides monitoring of input and output optical power parameters and temperature inside the SFP module Test results are presented in a table whose fields are filled automatically during test run To switch between the ports set the cursor in SFP module A B line and select port A or B using Left and Right keys Temperature current value of temperature inside the SFP in C RX power current measured value of optical signal input power in mW and dBm TX power current measured value of optical signal output power in mW and dBm Note Not all SPF modules support digital parameter control feature 10 14 Remote OAM Management OAM protocol functions allow MAKS EMK Tester displaying information on remote point supported modes and also activate loopback mode at a remote poi
56. ive when the field is marked the selected stream will be involved in the test Packet length b packet length in bytes generated for the selected stream during the test SLA Tab Stream X selection of a stream for its configuration To change the number of the stream use Enter or Left and Right keys Units selection of units in which CIR and EIR field values for the selected stream will be entered CIR value of maximum guaranteed throughput for the current stream for the criterion of configuration and productivity tests pass EIR value of maximum permissible CIR exceeding for the criterion of configuration and productivity tests pass M maximum permissible exceedance of CIR EIR value Units selection of units in which CBS and EBS field values for the selected stream will be entered CBS value of guaranteed load for the current stream This parameter shows maximum number of transmitted test traffic bytes CIR conditions being satisfied EBS value of maximum permissible load for the current stream FLR maximum permissible value of frame loss ratio for the current stream for the criterion of configuration and productivity tests pass FTD ms maximum permissible latency for the current stream in ms for the criterion of configuration and productivity tests pass AVAIL minimum value of channel availability expressed as a percentage of total pr
57. main 50 NTP Any device synchronized via NTP or Simple Network Time Protocol SNTP to servers that distribute time and frequency tied to international standards 60 HAND_SET Used for any device whose time has been set by means of a human interface based on observation of an international standards source of time to within the claimed clock accuracy 90 OTHER Other source of time and or frequency not covered by other values AO INTERNAL_OSCILL ATOR Any device whose frequency is not based on atomic resonance nor checked against international standards for frequency and whose time is based on a free running oscillator with epoch determined in an arbitrary or unknown manner FO FE For use by alternate PTP profiles FF Reserved All other values in Table 8 are reserved
58. means of reflectometric technique with the accuracy of 1 m In other cases cable length is measured with the accuracy of up to 10 m Channel MDI or MDI X channel see Table A 7 Appendix A Polar TP polarity It can take on the following values positive or negative Lat ns selected TP skew latency due to length difference of separate pairs It shows differential latency of the specified TP with reference to the shortest TP Measuring inaccuracy is 8 ns Note if during remote point test burst mode of the line was enabled 100 Mbps with no self matching and it was not automatically desynchronized Note the TP is not short circuited or broken but the reflected signal amplitude is low because of plugs sockets contact fault as an example Note straight through cable is self matched according to MDI MDIX pattern crossover cable according to MDI MDI or MDIX MDIX pattern TP parameters are determined when line is synchronized 10 13 Optical Test This feature provides display of information on SFP modules basic characteristics and real time parameter monitoring Optical Test menu is illustrated in Figure 10 13 FINISAR CORP serian number PAPZLZJ Revision Date 06 12 2006 Part number FTLFII1LYPLETL Wave length 1310 nm Figure10 13 Optical Test Information Tab Information on SFP modules inserted into ports A or B is displayed on the screen To sw
59. ne synchronization during the test No Tx no test traffic transmission No Rx no test traffic reception RxTx amount of received test frames exceeds the amount of transmitted test frames If critical errors occur the current test will be discontinued and the following test will be launched Frame this field shows test packet size in each trial Throughput Tab the field shows measured throughput rate in percentage of maximum channel rate if the test has been successful During test run the field shows current load T L1 T L2 this field displays throughput value in Mbps Kbps or bps for Layers 1 and 2 During the test the field shows current load value To select a Layer press Down arrow key and then use Left and Right arrow keys Layer 2 throughput value is equal to information speed V L2 Maximum throughput value is calculated by the following formula Vx S T L f 5 4P SFD IFG Where T Layer 2 throughput r connection speed 1000 Mbps 100 Mbps 10 Mbps S frame size P preamble 7 bits SFD _ start frame delimiter 1 bit IFG interframe gap 12 bits Maximum Layer 1 throughput of a lossless channel is equal to connection speed i e Tu Vs Maximum Layer 2 throughput is calculated by the above mentioned formula 7 values for different frame sizes are presented in Table A 6 Appendix A Latency
60. ng 0 key To change the position of the delimiter enter a digit into its place and then enter a dot where necessary 10 2 Measurement Menu Process A and Process B sections of Main Menu provide access to Measurement menu designed to select tests for ports A and B Measurements menu consists of two pages To go from one page to another use functional keys Page 1 Page 2 Measurements menu is illustrated in Figures 10 2 1 and 10 2 2 1000F 1000F pte pot ey Gil ee RFC2 S544 Y11564 pe miy Mu ti stream pE Jitter EEM 8 aden cl E E Mi TCP IP Tests Cable Optical Diagnostics test 715 55 Figure 10 2 1 Measurement menu page 1 The first page of menu includes the following tests Traffic Test RFC 2544 Test Y 1564 Test Multistream Packet Jitter PTP TCP IP Tests Copper cable Diagnostics Optical Test 1000F 1000F EO Of BER Test HDI D 2115 56 Figure 10 2 2 Measurement menu page 2 The first page of menu includes the following tests OAM BER test MDI test Loopback mode Thru mode Coloured icons indicate launchable tests Grey icons indicate unavailable blocked tests Test blocking may be caused by conjoint measurements of the selected or another port or unavailability of the corresponding Tester option 10 3 Process Topology Measurements
61. ng instructions for availability and make sure that validity period of checking instrument certificate has not expired 11 6 2 Switch checking instruments on and warm them up for as long as it is specified in their user manuals 11 7 Checking 11 7 1 External Examination Method of visual inspection is used to check conformance of the products to their technical documentation as to completeness proper marking and package Also Tester is checked for visible damage as well as connecting cables clamps and connectors are checked for integrity 11 7 2 Assaying You should assay the Tester after you have studied its user manual Ability of the Tester to switch on its service capability as well battery status and Tester ability to operate from AC mains using adapter power supply unit are to be checked Battery operation of the Tester should also be checked If necessary charge the battery using AC adapter coming with the Tester Check Interface Settings selection general settings test procedure setting cables and service capability in basic modes in the specified sequence 11 7 2 1 Connect port A of the assayed MAKS EMK Tester to its port B Enter Interface Settings menu and configure measuring interfaces with the following manually preset parameters port A IP address 192 168 0 200 port B IP address 192 168 0 201 port A MAC address 00 50 C2 F9 C0 06 port B MAC address 00 50 C2 F9 C0 07 VLAN 0 interface bit rate f
62. nit is used MAKS EMK is meant for continuous 24 hours operation 2 Technical Information and Specifications The Tester provides support and testing of two fully independent Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet interfaces traffic generation at physical data link and networking Layers received and transmitted traffic statistics collection and display sorting according to frame types sizes and erroneous frames current test results generation and on screen display RFC 2544 recommended measurements of throughput latency frame loss and back to back Y 1564 recommended measurements of configuration and performance channel integrity and IP routes testing ping traceroute DNS support IP scanner loopback at physical data link networking and transport layers with or without MAC and IP swapping pass through connection from one measurement port to another with monitoring and statistics collection Through mode incoming traffic filtering at data link and networking layers cable diagnostics ARP amp DHCP support remote device detection via Ethernet OAM RFC 4445 recommended testing of MDI metrics optical test including input and output power measurement symmetric and asymmetric channel traffic transmission test testing in Multistream mode packet jitter measurement measurement of clock conditions according to PTP IEEE1588 remote control via USB port and separate Ethernet port by means of remote management software independ
63. nt OAM menu is illustrated in Figure 10 13 It includes the following settings Tx 1000F Settings Pa ey Remote control MAC address Q0 50 cC2 F9 CB IEC Vendor OO OO OO OO Remote LE Supported OAM mode remote passive unidirectional Unsupported Link events Unsupported Figure 10 14 Remote OAM management OAM mode OAM mode selection for this port may be as follows Active port can respond OAM commands of remote devices it regularly sends OAM discovery commands and it can activate Layer1 loopback mode at a remote device Passive port can only respond to remote devices OAM commands Off function is switched off Remote Control tab displays remote point operation modes and settings It contains the following fields MAC address MAC address of the discovered remote device Vendor remote device unique identifier Remote LB activation of loopback mode by a remote device OAM mode remote remote device OAM mode See description above unidirectional remote device unidirectional connection Link Events notifications of remote device connection errors If the remote device supports Loopback activation function Loopback can be activated deactivated using Start and Stop buttons Note it is necessary to deactivate OAM function at the port generating test traffic or enable its passive mode before running tests with traffic generation 10 15 BER Test 10
64. nts listed in Table 11 2 Table 11 2 Test ete procedure Name of checking instrument its type and metrological characteristics paragraph 11 7 3 Electronic frequency analyzer 11 7 4 11 7 5 0 1 Hz 1500 MHz 0 03 10 V 5 107f 1 units 21 MOhm 11 7 6 Stanford Research Systems rubidium frequency standard FS725 10 ns 11 7 7 Pendulum CNT90 counting type electronic frequency analyzer with 2 5 10 s impulse duration measurement function 11 2 2 It is acceptable to use other checking instruments with metrological characteristics analogous to those of the listed equipment 11 2 3 Checking instruments must be in good order they must be verified and have verification certificates 11 3 Skill Requirements Checking must be performed by certified personnel familiar with the present test procedure as well as user manuals of MAKS EMK Tester and checking instruments 11 4 Safety Requirements You must implement safety measures specified in Tester and checking instruments user manuals during checking process 11 5 Checking Conditions 11 5 1 When checking the Tester you should observe the following conditions environment temperature 20 5 C relative air humidity 65 15 atmospheric pressure 100 8 kPa supply voltage 220 11 V industrial network frequency 50 0 5 Hz 11 6 Preparation for Checking 11 6 1 Prior to checking the Tester you should check operati
65. nu displays statistics Device Settings menu serves to select the required operation settings Interface Settings menu displays settings of the following three Ethernet ports measurement port A measurement port B and remote management port Working with the Menu Navigation through menu icons tabs and lines is effected using arrow keys At that active icon or tab captions are highlighted blue whereas captions of inactive ones are highlighted black Enter key serves to enter menu options When you enter a tab your current tab caption will change its colour from black to light grey To leave your current tab press Menu key Entry fields with changeable parameters and check box captions are blue whereas other information fields are black Working with Numeric Entry Fields Numeric entry fields can be of three types decimal hexadecimal and fractional Decimal field allows entering integer numbers only Transition to the following digit of the field is performed automatically after the value of the current digit is entered To move the cursor within the field use Left and Right keys Hexadecimal field allows entering digits and capital Latin letters from A to F To move the cursor within the field use Left and Right keys Fractional field is characterized by a dot delimiter between the integer and fractional parts It can be entered instead of any digit of the current field by means of holdi
66. oductivity test time for the criterion of productivity test pass FDV ms maximum permissible packet jitter value for the current stream for the criterion of configuration and productivity tests pass Advanced Tab Learning Int ms waiting time in milliseconds after sending a Learning frame or an ARP request and before transmission of test frames starts Wait Interval ms time in milliseconds during which Tester awaits the sent test frames return from the network Configuration test marking of this field permits running of configuration test Test step s trial duration at each step of configuration test Step load marking of this field permits running of configuration test in four stages with load values of 25 50 75 and 100 from CIR Policy marking allows running of Policy test Performance test marking allows running of Performance test Duration time duration of performance test set in hh mm ss format 10 7 3 Test Y 1564 Statistics Y 1564 test menu is illustrated in Figure 10 7 Test menu contains two functional keys Start Stop test start and stop Sett access to test settings During the test its results are displayed in tables whose fields are filled in automatically as the test runs The tabs contain the following common fields Elaps time from the beginning of the test Estim time until the end of the test Stream X selection of a stream to s
67. on on Primary Checking and Periodic Re Checking Table Checking Function of Reclamation Checking Function of Companies or institutions operating the Tester claim reclamation for the equipment according to the established rules Reclamation data should be tabulated see the table below Table To whom and Date of receipt or when commissioning of the reclamation Tester after reclamation was delivered Appendix A Table A 1 ToS Byte Bit Name P2 P1 PO T3 T2 T1 TO CUO Table A 2 Precedence Field Value Precedence Name 0 Routine Precedence Immediate Flash Flash Override CRITIC ECP Internet Work Control NIO AIAI OINI Network Control Table A 3 DSCP byte Bit Names DS5 DS4 DS3 DS2 DS1 DSO ECN ECN Table A 4 Values of DSCP Field DSCP Decimal Value Name DSCP Binary Value AF 11 001010 10 AF12 001100 12 AF13 001110 14 AF21 010010 18 AF22 010100 20 AF23 010110 22 AF31 011010 26 AF32 011100 28 AF33 011110 30 AF41 100010 34 AF42 100100 36 AF43 100110 38 CS1 001000 8 CS2 010000 16 CS3 011000 24 CS4 100000 32 CS5 101000 40 CS6 110000 48 CS7 111000 56 Default 000000 0 EF 101110 46 Table A 5 Frame Loss Possibility According to AF Classification for DSCP Field PR gt Category 1 Category 2 Categ
68. ontains the following fields Language interface language selection Deutsch English Sound marking of this field activates test sounds Audio signal sounds when information messages are displayed if a test is unsuccessful or if battery is low Serial Number serial number of the Tester Version displays release number of the embedded software Reset to default settings return of all menus to factory settings Hover the cursor over the field to discover Reset button Press the button LOOOF Brd Common gt a Language CoPyc Eng h Seund Serial Number Oog21 version l 4a keset to default settings 16 15 Puc 10 23 Tester Settings 10 23 2 Options Extra functions of MAKS EMK Tester will be available after purchase of the corresponding options To activate one or several options the user should get activation key which is unique for each existing MAKS EMK Tester Find Key field on the screen Key enter the key into the required Tester field If the key is shorter in characters than the field set low bits of the digit After entering the key press Activ button Key field will display zero value after activation of the key Note if activated options happened to reset as a result of misoperation or due to any other reasons please contact the manufacturers support engineers If the activation was successful Remote Management Software buttons and menu items responsible
69. or both measurement ports 1000 Mbps Select Process B menu Loopback and set Layer 1 Then select Process A menu Terminal A gt gt A RFC 2544 and configure RFC 2544 throughput test with default settings Specify port B IP address as the destination IP address and mark Automatic Destination MAC Disable other RFC 2544 tests RFC 2544 test is enabled by pressing Start button Test pass is observed at different packet lengths at physical Layer 11 7 2 2 Connect port A of the assayed MAKS EMK Tester to its port B Select Process B menu Loopback and set Layer 2 Then select Process A menu Terminal A gt gt A RFC 2544 and enable throughput test from RFC 2544 test package according to paragraph 11 7 2 1 Observe test pass at different packet sizes at data link Layer Similarly observe test pass at networking Layer after setting Layer 3 Loopback 11 7 2 3 Connect port A of the assayed MAKS EMK Tester to its port B Select Process B menu Loopback and set Layer 3 Then select Process A menu Terminal A gt gt A Traffic Test with the following settings load 100 packet length 64 bytes Harpy3Ka 100 test duration 10 seconds Start the test and observe it pass successfully Transmission of the selected frames can be observed in Statistics menu Test with 1518 bytes packet size is run in a similar manner 11
70. ork section is equal to the amount of frames sent from test equipment This test is used for recording maximum switching speed of transport Ethernet elements Minimum determinable throughput value expressed in is calculated by L the following formula 52 where L is packet length in bytes Latency Evaluation of time slot during which a frame is transmitted from source to destination and back in accordance with the diagram illustrated in Figure 10 6 1 This value is called round trip delay When data is transmitted from one port to another according to test pattern presented in Figure 10 6 2 only one way delay is measured Default setting suggests fulfillment of 30 tests regarding whose results average delay is calculated Note The lowest measurable latency value is equal to 8 ns Frame loss rate Testing a network section or a network device capability of supporting real time applications retransmission is not possible This test allows calculating percentage of frames not transmitted by network element at constant load because of hardware resource deficiency Please note that high percentage of frame loss is a cause of QoS degradation Back to back The test measures the time slot needed to manage maximum load is determined Test pattern is illustrated in Figures 10 4 1 and 10 4 2 It is mostly used to test such network devices as multiplexers commutator switches and routers MAKS EMK supports simultaneous two interfa
71. ory 3 Category 4 low AF11 AF21 AF31 AF41 medium AF12 AF22 AF32 AF42 high AF13 AF23 AF33 AF43 Table A 6 Throughput re calculation as to Layer 2 T of a pure channel for different frame length Connection Speed Mbps Frame Length 10 100 1000 64 7 6190 76 190 761 90 128 8 6486 86 486 864 86 256 9 2754 92 754 927 54 512 9 6241 96 241 962 41 1024 9 8084 98 084 980 84 1280 9 8462 98 462 984 62 1518 9 8700 98 700 987 00 Table A 7 Conformance of MDI and MDI X signals to contacts Contact MDI MDI X 1 BI_DA BI_DB 2 BI_DA BI_DB 3 BI_DB BI_DA 4 BI_DC BI_DD 5 BI_DC BI_DD 6 BI_DB BI_DA 7 BI_DD BI_DC 8 BI_DD BI_DC Table A 8 Time Source Enumeration Value Time Source Description 10 ATOMIC_CLOCK Any device or device directly connected to such a device that is based on atomic resonance for frequency and that has been checking against international standards for frequency and if the PTP timescale is used time 20 GPS Any device synchronized to a satellite system that distribute time and frequency tied to international standards 30 TERRESTRIAL_RAD lO Any device synchronized via any of the radio distribution systems that distribute time and frequency tied to international standards 40 PTP Any device synchronized to a PTP based source of time external to the do
72. point or from a remote point to Port A selected B gt A traffic transmission topology from Port B to Port A selected B gt B traffic transmission topology from Port B to Port B selected B gt R for asymmetric test mode traffic transmission topology from Port B to a remote point or from a remote point to Port B selected BERT port is busy with BER test traffic reception transmission CAB port is busy with cable test signals reception transmission DNS port is busy with DNS test packets reception transmission JIT port is busy with Packet Jitter test traffic reception transmission LB Loopback menu option has been selected LB1 Layer 1 Loopback mode is on LB2 Layer 2 Loopback mode is on LB3 Layer 3 Loopback mode is on LB4 Layer 4 Loopback mode is on MDI port is busy with MDI test traffic transmission MS port is busy with Multistream test traffic transmission and reception OAM OAM mode is activated PING port is busy with Ping test traffic reception transmission RFC port is busy with RFC 2544 test traffic reception transmission SCAN port is busy with IP Scanner test traffic reception transmission THRU Through menu has been selected or Through mode is on TRR port is busy with Traceroute test packets reception transmission TRAF port is busy with test
73. ptions indicate data transmission speed 1000 for 1000BASE T and 1000BASE X 100 for 100BASE T 10 for 1OBASE T NS no synchronization H symbol stands for half duplex mode and F symbol stands for full duplex mode Data transmission and data reception speeds on interfaces are indicated below LEDs in bps Parameter values can be defined as instantaneous values of reception and transmission information rates without notice of preamble interframe gap and start frame delimiter Process A and Process B buttons select a port whose menu is being displayed on screen The list of tests and MAKS EMK functions can be found on functional tabs on the left side panel Functional tabs are as follows Cable Test RFC 2544 Test Multistream Test Thru Packet Jitter TCP IP Test BER Test Traffic Test OAM Loopback Test PTP Optical Test MDI Test Settings Statistics File Transfer Settings of all tests and functions are analogous to the tests and functions presented by the on screen menu see the corresponding paragraphs 10 4 10 21 To activate changed settings press Apply button If you need to return to the settings saved in Tester memory press Reset button Test results and statistics information are updated automatically once per second Tests are launched by Start Start A gt A Start A gt B Start B gt A
74. re running or Loopback Thru modes are activated the selected port will be busy and access to certain menu items will be blocked for the avoidance of collisions At that the blocked menu items will be represented by grey icons When tests or modes involving both ports are active certain menu items of the opposite port will also be blocked 10 4 Connection Variants Tests with traffic generation are the following Traffic Test RFC 2544 Y 1564 Packet Jitter BERT Multistream MDI In order to perform these tests the Tester is to be connected either to network section or DUT according to the three connection diagrams A B and C illustrated in Figures 10 4 1 10 4 2 and 10 4 3 Variant A loopback function may be activated by means of the second port of the same MAKS EMK Tester if two interfaces are available at one point or MAKS EM tester or MAKS EMB MAKS EMBK tools Loopback ju lo Z Es Jol Figure 10 4 1 Tester Connection in the Mode of Symmetric Channels Testing Variant A Variant A is suitable for symmetric channels testing Network sections with distant loopback point are usually tested in accordance with diagram A At that loopback Layer from 1 to 3 is selected depending on the network equipment used within this network section For example if a network section in
75. received in the same order expressed numerically and as a percentage of general frames amount not in orde amount of frames received in an inversed order as against the order they were sent expressed numerically and as a percentage of general frames amount 00 01 00 00 00 00 Amount BY964 7664 89645663 not in orde 1 Figure 10 9 Packet Jitter Testing Distribution Tab Jitter ms this column shows ranges of the ten intervals jitter values of the received packets fall within These intervals are formed by division of the Threshold value into ten equal parts this column shows number of frames with jitter whose value has fallen within this range expressed in a percentage of sent frames general number Note Packets that arrived out of turn do not come into account So if it happens total distribution value may be less than 100 Graph Table test results display as a graph or a table 10 10 PTP Time Synchronization Testing Note PTP testing is Tester option 08 PTP IEEE1588 2008 PTP standard sets Ethernet model and protocol of time synchronization The Tester can be configured as a PTP slave device to connect with available PTP master servers and implement time synchronization as well as measure such protocol parameters as packet quantity one way and average latency packet jitter and others PTP test can be launched from Port A only 10 10 1 PTP Test Settings
76. s at this load Errors in test errors occurred during the test Loss exceeded test passed but some frames were lost at this load 10 5 2 Settings of Traffic Test for Symmetric Channels Header Tab The tab contains settings fields similar for all tests with traffic generation For its description refer to paragraph 10 5 3 Adjustment Tab Load type this parameter is not used since it is a constant load test Units selection of units in which Load is displayed Load load value Threshold FLR if this threshold is exceeded the test will be considered failed Packet length length of generated frames in bytes Duration time duration of the test set in hh mm ss format If its value equals zero the test will run endlessly 10 5 3 Settings of Tests with Traffic Generation Header Tab The tab contains setting fields similar for all tests with traffic generation i e Traffic Test RFC 2544 Y 1564 Packet Jitter and Multistream Individual settings for each test are stored in Tester memory Connection speed source MAC address source IP address VLAN and MPLS measurement interface parameters are specified on Interface Settings menu Refer to paragraph 10 20 for description Layer 2 ARP enable function of destination MAC address automatic definition by means of ARP request performed before running the test When this option is marked
77. s than 64 bytes of size with correct checksum is displayed in Amount column Ratio of such erroneous frames is displayed in Ratio column Jabber amount of received frames more than 1518 bytes of size with erroneous checksum is displayed in Amount column Erroneous frames ratio is displayed in Ratio column Pause total amount of pause frames Note even if frame loss is not detected loss rate may be equal to a non zero value It can be explained by channel latency and sender receiver buffer latency To the left of the status field an icon indicating current status of the test is displayed The icon can be as follows Green test passed successfully Yellow test has not started yet Red test failed O White test is disabled amp testis running at the moment E iest was interrupted by the user _ error in test on the far side _ error in test no line synchronization line synchronization loss error in test no test traffic transmission _ error in test no test traffic reception error in test amount of received test frames exceeds the amount of transmitted test frames It reports problems of network equipment the current measurement interface of the tester is connected to When the test is finished one of the following messages will appear on the display Test is OK test has passed successfully with no frame los
78. st No Tx no test traffic transmission No Rx no test traffic reception RxTx amount of received test frames exceeds the amount of transmitted test frames It reports problems of network equipment the current measurement interface of the Tester is connected to To the left of the status an icon indicating current status of the test is displayed Icon values are described in Paragraph 10 5 1 10 9 Packet Jitter RFC 3393 defines packet jitter as a delay difference between transmission of two packets MAKS EMK Tester allows measuring packet jitter distribution within the range from zero to the upper user set limit 10 9 1 Packet Jitter Test Settings Header Tab The tab contains setting fields similar for all tests with traffic generation For its description see paragraph 10 5 3 Advanced Tab Load shows the tested load value in Pack length b length of the generated frames expressed in bytes Duration time duration of the test set in hh mm ss format Threshold ms jitter value expressed in microseconds used as the upper limit for jitter distribution 10 9 2 Packet Jitter Test Statistics Report Menu of Packet Jitter test is illustrated in Figure 10 9 Report Tab The tab displays general test results Elaps time to the end of test Estim time since test launch Rx pack all amount of received frames in order amount of frames sent and
79. ster managed maximum load It is calculated for each frame size Max interval s maximum time interval in seconds during which the Tester managed maximum load It is calculated for each frame size Advanced Tab Learning Int ms waiting time in microseconds after sending a Learning frame or an ARP request and before frames transmission starts Wait Interval ms waiting time in microseconds during which Tester awaits sent frames return from the network 10 6 3 RFC 2544 Test Statistics RFC 2544 Menu is illustrated in Figure 10 6 Test menu contains three functional buttons Start Stop test launch and stopping Sett access to test settings Graph presentation of the selected test results in tabular form or graphically Table fields are automatically filled in with current test results The table contains the following common fields Status the field displays current test status It may take the following forms OK test passed Wait test has not started yet Runnin test is running at the moment Stop test was discontinued Off test of this frame size is disabled Error Throughput test failed because of frame loss at minimum load Back to back test failed because of the losses during the minimum time slot Tx 1000F RFC Rx 1000F Frameloss y Back to back Throughput atency Figure 10 6 RFC 2544 Test NS no li
80. ster is managed and alphanumeric information is entered by means of the keypad Keys On Off key see Paragraph 9 5 QO functional keys whose functions depend on Tester mode If the key is available its dedication will be displayed in the keys description in the lower part of the display OQO arov keys Enter key It is used to enter the menu sections or subsections and to change menu options Q Menu key press it to return to the previous menu or cancel current action It e E keg s p p abc def ghi Jkl mno _pqrs tuw wxyz n U keys for alphanumeric symbols and characters entry 4 1 4 External Connectors Figure 4 1 4 shows location of external connectors on the upper lower and lateral sides All connectors are marked on the housing of the Tester in accordance with the denominations listed in Table 4 1 Table 4 1 Purpose of MAKS EMK Connectors Marking Purpose A B RJ 45 to connect to DUT or network under test SFP A SFP B to connect to DUT or network via SFP modules reference signal input connector checking signal output connector a USB port for remote management an RJ11 for connection of a headset an RJ45 for remote management for power unit connection and battery charging hidden hardware reset button charging indicator LED H OO amp OPO grounding connector Not
81. te is issued 11 8 2 If checking fails the Tester will be supplied with a document stating it is unusable and giving reasons for its rejection 12 Maintenance 12 1 Maintenance of the Tester comes down to periodic visual inspection of its power unit and cables and is aimed at keeping them clean and operable 13 Transportation and Storage 13 1 Tester packed in its standard container can be transported by road in house railroad cars in leak proof aircraft and ship holds at air temperature of 25 C 55 C and relative air humidity of 95 Please observe shipping and load fastening rules during transportation on the corresponding mode of transport 13 2 It is possible to transport the Tester by road Class roads to distances up to 1 000 km at a speed of 60 kmh max Class Il to IIl roads and earth roads to distances up to 250 km at a speed of 40 kmh 13 3 Please observe handling instructions and warning label information when handling loading and unloading 13 4 Tester packed in its standard container should be stored in heated warehouse rooms at air temperature of 0 C 40 C and at relative air humidity of 80 at temperature of 35 C Storage time should not exceed 6 months 13 5 Warehouse rooms where Tester is stored must be free from acid and alkali fumes as well as other aggressive agents that may cause metal corrosion 13 6 Please observe general regulations of fire safety when transporting and stor
82. terconnection Reference Model Qos Quality of Service settings PCP Priority Code Point for VLAN as per IEEE 802 1p PDV Packet Delay Variation Ping Utility used for connection test in TCP IP based networks Policy The test showing traffic spikes Spikes occur at a speed exceeding CIR EIR value Precedence Traffic Precedence PTP Precision Time Protocol RJ45 One of Registered Jack standard connectors used for connection of twisted pairs SFD Start of Frame Delimiter SFP Small Form factor Pluggable A transmitter receiver used for data transmission in telecommunications Service Level Agreement An agreement on the service SLA level between an operator rendering communication services and a client Throughput Throughput test ToS Type of Service TPID Tag Protocol Identifier VID VLAN Identifier VLAN Virtual Local Area Network VLAN tag The corresponding field of Ethernet frame VLAN ID VLAN Identifier TP Twisted Pair SC Short Circuit PC Personal Computer Software Conventions Conventions listed in the table below are used in the present User Manual Table 1 2 Description Example Text in bold shows user s action press Save button Names of menu items and input amp display fields are represented in bold on the Statistics menu Text to be entered into menu fields or the PC is displayed in the following font in the following way http 192 168 0 111 Paragr
83. test is Tester option 08 MS Multistream test is used for simultaneous generation of traffic containing frames with different characteristics 10 8 1 Multistream Test Settings Header Tab The tab contains settings fields similar for all tests with traffic generation refer to Paragraph 10 5 3 To set frame header for a stream select the required stream in Stream X field To change stream number use Enter or Left and Right keys Advanced Tab Duration test duration in hh mm ss format If the value equals zero the test will run endlessly Stream X selection of a stream for its configuration Active if the field is marked the current selected stream will be used in the test Load type this parameter is not used The test generates constant load Units selection of units in which Load field value for the selected stream will be entered Load ms load value for the selected stream Packet length b packet length in bytes generated for the selected stream during the test 10 8 2 Multistream Test Statistics Multistream test statistics menu is shown in Figure 10 8 Test menu contains the following two functional keys Start Stop test activation and deactivation Sett access to test settings 1000F 1000F Elaps 00 00 12 Estim 00 00 00 Stream 1 O Parameter Load ae Tx Frames 749201 kx Frames 749201
84. the module has been installed correctly Please use a rubber cap to protect a temporarily unused SFP module from contamination Before removing an SFP module from the connector disconnect fiber optical plugs by pressing their latches and carefully take the cable out of the receiver transmitter After that unlock the SFP module latch and pull it to remove the module from the connector Correct storage of SFP modules you should use antistatic boxes or packages and protect fiber optical connectors with rubber caps 4 2 Component Specifications 4 2 1 Power Unit MAKS EMK power unit serves to supply the Tester from AC mains and integral battery cell It represents a static power supply unit with built in short circuit and overload protection Input AC voltage 100 240 V 50 60 Hz Output DC voltage 12 V current up to 1 5 A constant Power unit soldered connections are arranged according to Figure 4 2 DO Ha e General Figure 4 2 Soldered connections of power unit jack plug 5 Marking 5 1 MAKS EMK Tester has the following marks name of the manufacturer equipment conditional name month and year of manufacture equipment serial number as per manufacturer s numbering system 5 2 Marking of consumer packaging includes trademark of manufacturing plant name and plant denomination of the device packing date transportation and storage temperature information 5 3 Shipping
85. the script of Ethernet channel automated test procedure without operating traffic and taking into consideration multi service network with simultaneous measurement of different services streams parameters MAKS EMK tester allows running two simultaneous tests in accordance with Y 1564 method launching up to four streams at each port Configuration test the test assesses guaranteed throughput exceeded throughput the throughput value exceeding of which will cause frame loss frame loss quantity frame loss ratio latency and packet jitter Performance test the test is destined to assess frame loss and channel availability ratio 10 7 2 Test Y 1564 Settings UNI Tab All parameters are defined in accordance with interface settings of the current port Speed the set data speed between the tester and DUT Duplex the established duplex mode between the tester and DUT Interface Type type of the physical interface established between the tester and DUT Header Tab The tab contains settings fields similar for all tests with traffic generation refer to Paragraph 10 5 3 To set frame header for a stream select the required stream in Stream X field To change stream number use Enter or Left and Right keys Streams Tab Stream X selection of a stream for its configuration To change the number of the stream use Enter or Left and Right keys Act
86. tic In accordance with ping test results the following measured parameters are displayed Sent sent frames amount Received received frames amount Lost lost frames amount Latency Average average latency in ms Min minimum latency in ms Max maximum latency in ms 10 11 2 Traceroute Traceroute test determines frame route in TCP IP networks Information on all intermediate routers a frame passes through on its way to the end node is shown in the table formed during test run Traceroute menu is illustrated in Figure 10 11 2 Test result is presented in tabular form The table shows intermediate node data The first table column indicates intermediate node number The second column indicates intermediate node IP address If wait time is over the line will display timeout message The third column indicates node response latency The table is navigated page by page using Up and Down arrow keys Note Many network nodes block ability to respond to ICMP frames In such cases timeout message is displayed kx Tx 1000F Traceroute IF address IF address 192 168 0 1 190 0 0 1 timeout timeout timeout timeout timeout timeout Figure 10 11 2 Traceroute test Trace Settings IP address destination IP address end node IP address Packet size packet size in bytes Wait time ms intermediate network node response time 10 11 3 DNS DNS Domain
87. to activate it you will first have to deactivate Loopback and receive DHCP settings VLAN Port A B Tab VLAN VLAN parameters activation deactivation according to IEEE 802 1q and IEEE 802 1p standards Assumes values equal to the number of VLAN tags from 0 to 3 to be inserted into frame If the value is equal to zero traffic will be generated without VLAN To change quantity of VLAN tags press Right and Left keys TPID tag protocol identifier PCP transmitted traffic Precedence for IEEE 802 1p standard VID 4 bytes long VLAN identifier values can be set within the range of 0 4095 Note One VLAN tag takes up 4 bytes When VLAN is on minimal lengths will make up 68 bytes for one VLAN tag 72 bytes for two VLAN tags and 76 bytes for three VLAN tags because of frame tag fields lengthening If a lesser frame sizes is set an error report will be displayed RFC 2544 test with default frame size values i e 64 bytes and more will not run MPLS Port A B Tab Note MPLS Settings are Tester options O8 MPLS MPLS MPLS parameters activation deactivation Assumes values equal to the number of MPLS tags from 0 to 3 If the value is equal to zero traffic will be generated without MPLS tags To change the amount of MPLS tags press Right or Left keys Value tag value QoS class of packet service TTL packet lifetime Note One MPLS tag takes up 4
88. traffic data reception transmission PTP port is busy with PTP test data reception or transmission Y1564 port is busy with Y 1564 test traffic reception transmission Test LED caption is highlighted white in Loopback and Through modes Test LED caption is highlighted yellow on Process Topology menu at traffic generation port and also during tests with traffic generation Test LED caption is highlighted red if the last test performed at that port was not successful Rx LEDs report data reception status green frames are being received at the corresponding port Green highlighting of Rx LED caption reports the port being test traffic recipient or Loopback or Through modes being on Tx LEDs report data transmission green frames are being transmitted at the corresponding port Yellow highlighting of Tx LED caption reports the port being test traffic transmitter or Loopback or Through modes being on at that port Link LEDs report connection status Green the corresponding port is connected On screen captions of the LEDs report transmission speed 1000 for 1000BASE T and 1000BASE X 100 for 100BASE T 10 for 1OBASE T NS no synchronization H symbol stands for half duplex mode and F symbol stands for full duplex mode 4 1 2 Display Tester screen is represented by a coloured graphical LCD with 320x240 pixels resolution 4 1 3 Keypad The Te
89. volves only network commutators Switches you will have to activate Layer 2 Loopback function but if a section involves routers you will have to switch on Layer 3 Loopback function For more on Loopback function see paragraph 10 17 DUT Figure 10 4 2 Tester Connection in the Mode of Unidirectional Testing Variant B Variant B is more frequently used for testing of network equipment In this case test traffic is transmitted in unidirectional way from one port to another Figure 10 4 3 Tester Connection in the Mode of Asymmetric Channels Testing Variant C Variant C is suitable for asymmetric channels testing when incoming and outcoming streams parameters differ Variant C is used for Traffic Test only 10 5 Traffic Test Traffic test is the simplest of all MAKS EMK tests It is used for testing of channel transmitting capability Traffic is generated and frame loss latency and packet jitter are analyzed within the set time according to the selected load and frame size Traffic test can be used for testing both symmetric and asymmetric channels 10 5 1 Traffic Test for Symmetric Channels The Tester is connected according to Variants A or B described in Paragraph 10 4 In this case one of Terminal A gt gt B Terminal A gt gt A Terminal B gt gt A or Terminal B gt gt B modes is to

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