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R&S FS‑K100/102/104PC R&S FSV‑K100/102

1. t 9 OFDMA Parametertzaton nennen nennen nnns 10 Downlink Data Transmtssion eene eene 12 Downlink Reference Signal Structure and Cell Gearch 12 Downlink Physical Layer Procedures emnes 14 hr mee n 14 i 0 1 T Sere emer 16 Licensing d UR 16 Installing the Software cccsseeseeeseeeeseeseeseeeeeeeeeeseeeseesesseeeeseeeeeseeeseeeesseeeeseeeeeseeaeees 19 Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer eese 19 Instrument Configuration sesti ettet arido acid trato ern ina gedd pe 19 Figuring Out P Addresses idee ete dau reet dei eer c redu eer pee deb ed 22 ee die TE 25 Configuring the Software sees eeeeeeenen nennen nnn rne nnnm nnn inni nnne 27 Configuring the EE 27 Configuring hrer 28 Measurements and Result Displays eeeeeeeeeeee 30 Numerical Results 5 2 itinere near ee texere ei ceed eee eee cede 31 Measuring the Power Over Titme ccseeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeesseeeeeeeeeeseeseeneneees 33 Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM eene 39 Measuring the Spectrunm ccceccccccesseeeeeeeseeeseeeeseeeeeeseeeeseeenesseeeeeseeeeesseeeeseeeeesseeeeeees 44 Frequency Sweep Measurements c2 cceecceeeeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeaeceeeaeeeeeeaaeeaeaeeaaeaaaees 44 V MeasurememS cence cent recited terio
2. sess 52 power spectrum eeee tette power vs RB PDSCH S wu 48 D power vs RB RS stes 49 I power vs SYM X CATT sesssssee eee 37 Digital Input Data Rate eet trt ete 79 PVT power over time 33 pp ES 78 result summary ttes 31 E signal EE 54 spectrum is Error in Subframes sesssssssesesssseseenene 91 satire Eeer E Calculation Mistress 84 UE Specific RS Weights Magnitude i n VS CAMO PS 39 ps EVM vs RB in UE Specific RS Weights Phase TE eer Pe e AR EA 42 Multicarrier fter s iere id erect EVM BEIM pr 40 N EVM vs symbol x carrier ads 41 External Attenuation ccccceceeeeeeeeseeeneeeeeeeeeeneeeeeenes 65 Number of RB uu 87 F Numerical results 1 c ges intense eerte 31 Frequency einer adn ote tese Rio 62 o Frequency error vs symbol s sssssesssesresrseerrerrresrrerreesr 43 On off power aaas 35 Full Scale Level Ji naus eii 79 H P peada Tebi eee nM Home base station PCFICH E PDSCH reference data sss 85 PDSCH subframe detection sssssssssssss 82 Identity Physical Layer s 90 B Ld Input Source 8 en PHICH sss EEGENEN Power spectrum ssesssssssssssseseeeeeen nnne enn 48 Power vs RB PDSCH AA 48 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Index Power ys RB RS origini
3. Usage Setting only MMEMory STORe DEModsetting Path Stores the current demodulation settings to a file The resulting file type is allocation Existing files will be overwritten Setting parameters Path Example MMEM STOR DEM D USER Settingsfile allocation Usage Setting only MMEMory STORe IQ STATe Path This command saves UO data to a file Setting parameters Path String containing the path and name of the target file Example MMEM STOR IQ STAT C R_S Instr user data ig tar Saves UO data to the specified file Usage Setting only I User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 203 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC List of Commands List of Commands Ee EE KEE 130 CALOCulate n LIMit k ACPower ACHannel RESUIt esses eene 155 CAL Culate cnzLlMitckzACbowerAl TematehRt Gut 155 CAL Culate cnzLlMitck OObower OFFbowerd 157 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt OOQPower TRANsient nennen 157 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM DSQP MAXimum RESUIt eee 158 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM DSQP AVERage RESUIt esee 158 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM DSSF MAXimum RESUlt eese 159 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM DSSF AVERage RESuIt eee 159 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM DSST MAXimum RESult 4159 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM DSST AVERa
4. i E H H den nuabered dots _odd runbarad sot dee rurbared zb odd nombanad slots cverrunberad ah odd slots LEE e e oe o e Antenna port 0 Antenna port 1 Amenna por 2 Antenna por 3 Fig 1 6 Downlink Reference Signal Structure Normal Cyclic Prefix The reference signal sequence carries the cell identity Each reference signal sequence is generated as a symbol by symbol product of an orthogonal sequence r S three of them existing and a pseudo random sequence r 170 of them existing Each cell identity corresponds to a unique combination of one orthogonal sequence r and one pseudo random sequence r 5 allowing 510 different cell identities Frequency hopping can be applied to the downlink reference signals The frequency hopping pattern has a period of one frame 10 ms During cell search different types of information need to be identified by the handset symbol and radio frame timing frequency cell identification overall transmission band width antenna configuration and cyclic prefix length Besides the reference symbols synchronization signals are therefore needed during cell search EUTRA uses a hierarchical cell search scheme similar to WCDMA This means that the synchronization acquisition and the cell group identifier are obtained from differ ent synchronization signals Thus a primary synchronization signal P SYNC and a secondary synchronization signal S SYNC are assigned a predefined structure They
5. Resource elements that are unused return NAN E MN User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 148 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands DESSERT 9 6 1 17 9 6 1 18 9 6 1 19 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Frequency Error vs Symbol For the Frequency Error vs Symbol result display the command returns one value for each OFDM symbol that has been analyzed lt frequency error gt The unit is always Hz The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 On Off Power For the On Off Power measurement the number and type of return values depend on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns the power for the Off power regions absolute power The unit is always dBm e TRACE2 Returns the power for the transient regions absolute power The unit is always dBm e LIST Returns the contents of the On Off Power table For each line it returns seven values off period start limit off period stop limit time at delta to limit absolute off power distance to limit falling transient period rising transient period gt The unit for the absolute off power is dBm The unit for the distance to limit is dB The unit for the transient periods is us All other values have the unit s Power Spectrum For the Power Spectrum result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt power gt The unit is always
6. The mapping of antenna port to the physical antenna is fix e Port 15 antenna 1 e Port 16 antenna 2 Port 17 antenna 3 e Port 18 antenna 4 Resource elements used by CSI RS are shown in yellow color in the Allocation ID versus Symbol X Carrier measurement The CSI RS settings are part of the Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics CSI Reference Signal Present v Configuration Index 0 Rel Power 0 000 dB Antenna Ports 1 Antenna Port Subframe Configuration D Frame Number Offset 0 Overwrite PDSCH IT leese eege E E tease geeeeviiete 99 AMODA PON REPRE 99 eronmieitissnie Ne RE 99 Subframe Configuration ioci etre dec n ee c de ae de d Lu dd E 99 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 98 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings sr ee es ee Se Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics Relative Power CSI Reference Signal celica sienne tenen attesa 99 Frame Number OfSelt 3 ridet b Ot AER 99 OVEMVING PIDSG Ari IP 100 Present Turns the CSI reference signal on and off Remote command CONFigure LTE DL CSIRs STATe on page 197 Antenna Ports Defines the number of antenna ports that transmit the CSI reference signal The CSI reference signals are transmitted on one two four or eight antenna ports using e p 15 e
7. This command queries the UO offset Return values lt lQOffset gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average l Q offset depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dB Example FETC SUMM IQOF Returns the current IQ offset in dB Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary OSTP MAXimum FETCh SUMMary OSTP MINimum FETCh SUMMary OSTP AVERage This command queries the OSTP Return values lt OSTP gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average OSTP depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dBm Example FETC SUMM OSTP Returns the current average OSTP value Usage Query only EET RE E MN User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 137 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands a M J s Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh SUMMary POWer MAXimum FETCh SUMMary POWer MINimum FETCh SUMMary POWer AVERage This command queries the total power Return values lt Power gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average power depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dBm Example FETC SUMM POW Returns the total power in dBm Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MINimum FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage This command queries the quadrature error Return values lt QuadError gt lt nu
8. 1s ccr ea eere e erue acier eek E Rar EEN 137 FETChySUMMary OS TPDLAVERagUe iiiter rete aa eoe babe dee de tes 137 FEICh SUMMan POWerMAXImT 122 cupa ncen naaa EAEANG 138 FETCh SUMMary POWerMINIIIUmI crura dcc REESEN ene iiss 138 FETCh SUMMary POWerFAVERGagSl aiat ia iae iode nano paene OX EEGENEN 138 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum essen enne enne nnne nennt rrr nennt 138 FETCh SUMMarny QUADerror MINI AER EEN eech SES 138 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage iere oii sete aaia te ska en etae 138 FETCh CC cci SUMMary RFERror AVERage seseeeeeseeee nein nnn natat tnnt nnn 138 FETCH SUMMA RS SUMAKU ET 139 FEICh SUMMaryRSSEMINIImUEL EENS ne enc ure e e rv dran neat 139 La le ee TE e EE 139 FE TCh SUMMarvRGTPMANimum eene enne nennen trente rerit hr ni tenen nnns 139 FETVGhSUMManRSTPPIVITN HOUSE ARENS dde eden en qon rer take RE Lex gue Dare aka pen 139 FETCh SUMMaryRSTP AVERage 1r Leere eade ee tee EELER 139 FETON SUMMary SERRO MAXIMUM er ce E Fe Rao ehe nen enter aaa tunes as 139 FETCRSUMMary SERRO MINIMUMI no s aia tace toute E ez ede tek urged dene ven tha aa a nik Doce iddR RE 139 FETCh SUMMary SERRerpAVERage titii aE I Ere eger ek eee 139 FEIGChSUNIMarys TE EE 139 FETCh TAERror CC cci ANTenna antenna MAXimum esses 140 FETChTAEbRrortGGscectslANTenna antennaz MlNimum eene 140 FETCh TAERror CC cci ANTenn
9. EEUU UR RE E E T e 1 e A ALLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLALAAAALLLLALLATELSXS User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 31 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays EVM PDSCH QPSK EVM PDSCH 16QAM EVM PDSCH 64QAM Numerical Results Shows the EVM for all QPSK modulated resource elements of the PDSCH channel in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP AVERage on page 135 Shows the EVM for all 16QAM modulated resource elements of the PDSCH channel in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM DSST AVERage on page 135 Shows the EVM for all 64QAM modulated resource elements of the PDSCH channel in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM DSSF AVERage on page 135 By default all EVM results are in To view the EVM results in dB change the EVM Unit The second part of the table shows results that refer to a specifc selection of the frame The statistic is always evaluated over the subframes The header row of the table contains information about the selection you have made like the subframe EVM All EVM Phys Channel EVM Phys Signal Frequency Error Sampling Error UO Offset UO Gain Imbalance UO Quadrature Error Shows the EVM for all resource elements in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage on page 134 Shows the EVM for all physical channel resource elements in the analyzed frame A physical channel corresponds to a set of resource
10. One slot Tse 15360 xT 0 5 ms Mc One subframe Fig 1 4 Generic Frame Structure in EUTRA Downlink figure 1 5shows the structure of the downlink resource grid for the duration of one down link slot The available downlink bandwidth consists of sw subcarriers with a spacing of Af 15 kHz In the case of multi cell MBMS transmission a subcarrier spacing of Af 7 5 kHz is also possible sw can vary in order to allow for scalable bandwidth operation up to 20 MHz Initially the bandwidths for LTE were explicitly defined within layer 1 spec ifications Later on a bandwidth agnostic layer 1 was introduced with sw for the different bandwidths to be specified by 3GPP RAN4 to meet performance requirements e g for out of band emission requirements and regulatory emission limits One downlink slot T a Resource element One resource block Npe subcarriers NBE subcarriers NGL OFDM symbols Fig 1 5 Downlink Resource Grid One downlink slot consists of sx OFDM symbols To each symbol a cyclic prefix CP is appended as guard time compare figure 1 1 sx depends on the cyclic prefix length The generic frame structure with normal cyclic prefix length contains sm 7 symbols This translates into a cyclic prefix length of Tcpz5 2us for the first symbol and Tcpz4 7us for the remaining 6 symbols Additionally an extended cyclic prefix is defined in order to cover large cell scenarios with higher delay spread a
11. SENSe FREQuency CENTer is the same as FREQuency CENTer With a numeric suffix in the optional keyword DISPlay WINDow lt 1 4 gt ZOOM STATe DISPlay ZOOM STATe ON enables the zoom in window 1 no suffix DISPlay WINDow4 ZOOM STATe ON enables the zoom in window 4 Vertical Stroke A vertical stroke indicates alternatives for a specific keyword You can use both keywords to the same effect Example SENSe BANDwidth BWIDth RESolution In the short form without optional keywords BAND 1MHZ would have the same effect as BWID 1MHZ ERE RU E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 127 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Introduction 9 2 5 SCPI Parameters 9 2 5 1 Many commands feature one or more parameters If a command supports more than one parameter these are separated by a comma Example LAYout ADD WINDow Spectrum LEFT MTABle Parameters may have different forms of values Numene Valg end eere pita DEENEN 128 e Boolean aoreet ec cci a rrt eria dev cata pau edu b e desis decdedecend hated e aud 129 ME MEETS 129 Character IIO T H M 129 Ee qc cH 129 Numeric Values Numeric values can be entered in any form i e with sign decimal point or exponent In case of physical quantities you can also add the unit If the unit is missing the command uses the basic unit Example with unit SENSe FREQuenc
12. SENSe L TE FRAMe COUNt STATe State This command turns manual selection of the number of frames you want to analyze on and off Parameters State ON You can set the number of frames to analyze OFF The software analyzes a single sweep RST ON Example FRAM COUN STAT ON Turns manual setting of number of frames to analyze on SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt lt Subframes gt This command sets the number of frames you want to analyze Parameters lt Subframes gt lt numeric value gt RST 1 Example FRAM COUN STAT ON Activates manual input of frames to be analyzed FRAM COUN 20 Analyzes 20 frames SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt AUTO State This command turns automatic selection of the number of frames to analyze on and off Parameters lt State gt ON Selects the number of frames to analyze according to the LTE standard OFF Turns manual selection of the frame number on Example FRAM COUN AUTO ON Turns automatic selection of the analyzed frames on Configuring Measurement Results MUP EE 168 LUNI np EE 168 UNIF GAS 168 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 167 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands a i i Se Remote Commands to Configure General Settings SENSeIEETETANTSnBa SEI GE uui occ prt rente tere rebel reta eher pereo SEN 168 SENSeILETEESOURee SELgel TE 169 ISENSe EETEESUBFrAame SEL Gel ic ooti eret eU cune th Laden i eee a DR DAD Ie Yeh 169 UNIT EVM
13. lt n gt 1to4 Selects a measurement win dow lt subframe gt 0 to 39 Selects a subframe lt t gt Selects a trace Irrelevant for the LTE applica tion Introduction Commands are program messages that a controller e g a PC sends to the instrument or software They operate its functions setting commands and request information query commands Some commands only work either way setting only query only others work both ways setting and query The syntax of a SCPI command consists of a so called header and in most cases one or more parameters A query command must append a question mark after the last header element even if it contains a parameter A header contains one or more keywords separated by a colon Header and parameters are separated by a white space ASCII code 0 to 9 11 to 32 decimal e g blank If there is more than one parameter for a command these are separated by a comma from one another This chapter summarizes the most important characteristics that you need to know when working with SCPI commands For a more complete description refer to the manual of one of the R amp S analyzers d 9 2 1 Remote command examples Note that some remote command examples mentioned in this introductory chapter may not be supported by this application Long and Short Form The keywords have a long and a short form You can use either the long or the short form but no other a
14. Default unit dB Example CONF DL CSIR POW 1 Defines a relative power of 1 dB for the CSI reference signal CONFigure L TE DL CSIRs SCI lt CSIRSSubframeConfig gt This command defines the subframe configuration for the CSI reference signal User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 196 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 8 3 5 Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation Parameters lt CSIRSSubframeConfijzmber that selects the subframe configuration Range 0 to 154 Example CONF DL CSIR SCI 4 Selects subframe configuration 4 for the CSI reference signal CONFigure LTE DL CSIRs STATe lt State gt This command turns the CSI reference signal on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF Example CONF DL CSIR STAT ON Turns the CSI reference signal on Configuring the Control Channel CONFigurelitl TE DL PBCH STA E 197 GONFigure t TEEDEIPOFIGIES DAT iiiter ta Leere once roto ee han Eze E Eia 197 CONFigureEbETEEDISPHIGRBIURGUDI EE 198 CONFigure L TED PHiCh NGbarameter nnne nnne 198 GoNFigarepETEEDEPDOORPOBMAaL 1rd etre tete tatit aae E E A A 198 CONFig re l TE RI wee IA EE 199 EE Le EEN RTE lee ee 199 CONFUS LTE DEP COM NOPD WE 199 CONFigure E TEEDESPBOHUPONWM bt erret ere uniti eren led ee ah centes itae dae 199 CONEISurebETEEDEIPOPIGIEPONWGE oce iceen a enu ranae EES 199 GONFigure TEEDEIPHIOhIPOMIBE 1 acceder exerum tone EEN se rn hehe EEN SE 200 CONFigurerETEEDLE PDOCh PONI
15. Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL PCF POW 0 Sets the relative power to 0 dB CONFigure LTE DL PHICh POWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of the PHICH Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 3 01 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL PHIC POW 1 3 Sets the relative power to 1 3 dB CONFigure LTE DL PDCCh POWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of the PDCCH Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL PDCCH POW 1 2 Sets the relative power to 1 2 dB Defining the PDSCH Resource Block Symbol Offset CONFiaureEETEEDLEPSOPISBl TEE 200 CONFigure L TE DL PSOFfset Offset This command defines the symbol offset for PDSCH allocations relative to the start of the subframe The offset applies to all subframes Parameters Offset AUTO Automatically determines the symbol offset numeric value Manual selection of the symbol offset Range 0 to 4 RST AUTO eee User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 200 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 8 3 7 9 9 Configuring the Software Example CONF DL PSOF 2 Sets an offset of 2 symbols Configuring Shared Channels CONFigureEETEEDEPDSChPB E 201 CONFigure LTE DL PDSCh PB lt PDSChPB gt This command selects the PDSCH power ratio Note that the power ratio depends
16. R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurement Basics Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurements To protect the analyzer input from damage an RF limiter has to be applied at the analyzer input connector as can be seen in figure 2 16 Table 1 1 shows the specifications the used limiter has to fulfill Min acceptable CW input power BTS output power minus 10 dB Min acceptable peak input power BTS peak output power minus 10 dB Max output leakage 20 dBm Max response time 1 us Max recovery time 1 us An additional 10 dB attenuation should be placed in front of the RF limiter to absorb eventual reflected waves because of the high VSWR of the limiter The allowed maximum CW input power of the attenuator must be lower than the maximum output power of the BTS Performing the measurement For the transmit ON OFF power measurements according to 36 141 6 4 the test model E TM1 1 has to be used For more information on loading the test model settings see chapter 7 Data Management on page 108 If an external trigger is used before the actual measurement can be started the timing must be adjusted by pressing the Adjust Timing hotkey The status display in the header of the graph changes from Timing not adjusted to Timing adjusted and the run hotkeys are released Relevant setting changes again lead to a Timing not adjusted status dis play If the adjustment fails an error message is shown and the a
17. Turns decoding of all control channels on Configuring MIMO Setups CONFigure LTE DLIMIMOSCROSSIANK 0 000 nerit een ENEE entere nne nnn Eiai 183 CONFigure L TE DL MIMO CROSstalk State This command turns MIMO crosstalk compensation on and off Parameters State ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF DL MIMO CROS ON Turns crosstalk compensation on Remote Commands for DL Signal Characteristics This chapter contains remote commands necessary to define downlink signal character istics For more information see chapter 5 2 Defining Downlink Signal Characteristics on page 87 e Defining the Physical Signal Characteristics eene 184 e Configuring the Physical Layer Cell ldenttv 185 e Configuring MIMO Setups zceeeceeeececee einen eee enn nnt Eae nada 187 Configuring FDOSCH SubIfalTigs erste aieeaa Te YR RE aa ia aaaea 188 EN User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 183 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 8 2 1 Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation Defining the Physical Signal Characteristics CONFIgure PETE DL GG lt eGl BW c 184 CONFigure TEEDE GO cei CY GPrefix croce creer ereeetutecue cree pant kenne knee 184 CONFigure PETE DE CC lt 6c TDDAUIDGORE tangere end t toute aaa aaa adadan ia 184 GONFigure t TED Ets DEES 21 2 certae docct eo euentu dor ee aAA iiaa 185 FEFGh GO sod REN ge UE 185 CONFigure L TE DL CC cci BW B
18. 15 42 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays isuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM EVM vs Subframe Maximum 1 OSubframe Selection Antenna 1 Minimum 0 2 Subframe Remote command Frequency Error vs Symbol Starts the Frequency Error vs Symbol result display This result display shows the Frequency Error on symbol level You can use it as a debugging technique to identify any frequency errors within symbols The result is an average over all subcarriers The x axis represents the OFDM symbols The number of displayed symbols depends on the Subframe Selection and the length of the cyclic prefix On the y axis the frequency error is plotted in Hz Frequency Error vs Symbol Maximum 1 Minimum 14 n c on CH n CH en x fa ui gt o E gt D ra o E i c E m zx n 70 80 EI 100 Symbol Number Remote command User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 43 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Spectrum 3 4 Measuring the Spectrum 3 4 1 This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the power of a signal in the frequency domain In addition to the I Q measurements spectrum measurements also include two frequency sweep measurements the Spectrum Emission Mask and the Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio Frequency Sweep Measurements The Spectrum Emission Mask SEM and Adjacent Channel Leakage Ra
19. 222 ek eL aiae a A a aAA 200 CONFigure L TE DL PBCH STAT State This command turns the PBCH on and off Parameters State ON OFF RST ON Example CONF DL PBCH STAT ON Activates the PBCH CONFigure LTE DL PCFich STAT State This command turns the PCFICH on and off Parameters State ON OFF RST ON User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 197 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation Example CONF DL PCF STAT ON Activates the PCFICH CONFigure LTE DL PHICh DURation lt Duration gt This command selects the PHICH duration Parameters lt Duration gt NORM Normal EXT Extended RST NORM Example CONF DL PHIC DUR NORM Selects normal PHICH duration CONFigure LTE DL PHICh NGParameter lt Ng gt This command selects the method that determines the number of PHICH groups ina subframe Parameters lt Ng gt NG1_6 NG1_2 NG1 NG2 NGCUSTOM Select NG_CUSTOM to customize N You can then define the variable as you like with CONFigure LTE DL PHICh NOGRoups RST NG1 6 Example CONF DL PHIC NGP NG1 6 Sets N to 1 6 The number fo PHICH groups in the subframe depends on the number of resource blocks CONF DL PHIC NGP NG CUSTOM Define a customized value for N CONF DL PHIC NOGR 5 Directly sets the number of PHICH groups in the subframe to 5 CONFigure L TE DL PDCCh FORMat Format This command selects t
20. Channel Flatness Starts the Channel Flatness result display User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 49 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays This result display shows the relative power offset caused by the transmit channel The currently selected subframe depends on your sele The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the channel flatness is plotted in dB Channel Flatness Maximum Selection Antenna 1 Minimum 4 607 dB 4 500 MHz 4 0 1 Frequency MHz Remote command Channel Flatness Difference Starts the Channel Flatness Difference result display This result display shows the level difference in the spectrum flatness result between two adjacent physical subcarriers The currently selected subframe depends on your s The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the power is plotted in dB Channel Flatness Difference Maximum 0 2 1 845 MHz Selection Antenna 1 Minimum 0 0 845 MHz 0 04 VI VI ec Remote command Channel Group Delay Starts the Channel Group Delay result display User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 50 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Symbol Constellation This result display shows the group delay of each subcarrier The currently selected subframe depends on your selection The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the group delay is plotted in ns Channel Group Delay Maximum 4 105000 000 H
21. Range 31 6 mV to 5 62 V RST 1V Default unit V Example CONF POW EXP IQ2 3 61 Sets the baseband reference level used by analyzer 2 to 3 61 V INPut lt n gt ATTenuation lt analyzer gt lt Attenuation gt This command sets the RF attenuation level Parameters lt Attenuation gt lt numeric value gt RST 5 dB Default unit dB Example INP ATT 10 Defines an RF attenuation of 10 dB DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet lt Attenuation gt This command selects the external attenuation or gain applied to the RF signal Parameters lt Attenuation gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Default unit dB Example DISP TRAC Y RLEV OFFS 10 Sets an external attenuation of 10 dB 9 7 1 4 Configuring the Data Capture SENSe SWEep TIME ecce ttntnnttetttenetttetettete test sete sretne neas 166 SENSe L TE FRAMe COUNESTATe eccentric 167 GENSSIUTEIERAMeCOUN tette ttt tentent ttt tentes sets reran 167 SENSe L TE FRAMe COUNEAUTO ccrte tette tet tette te tette tette tetto 167 SENSe SWEep TIME lt CaptLength gt This command sets the capture time Parameters lt CaptLength gt Numeric value in seconds Default unit s T User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 166 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands a a eee 9 7 1 5 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Example SWE TIME 40 Defines a capture time of 40 seconds
22. Remote softkey The R amp S FSW opens the Network amp Remote dialog box 3 Select the GPIB tab The R amp S FSW shows information about the GPIB connection including the GPIB address Network GPIB Compatibility LXI A E Figuring Out the IP address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the Network Remote softkey The R amp S FSW opens the Network amp Remote dialog box and shows its current IP address in the corresponding field Network GPIB Compatibility LXI M 9 y Ga MU7 17180 IP Address 10 113 11 154 n EE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 24 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome Application Overview 2 3 2 4 Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S RTO Follow these steps to figure out the network address of an R amp S RTO gt Press the SETUP key The R amp S RTO opens a dialog box that contains general information about the system Setup x System Screen SW Options HW Options Remote Settings LXI Instrument firmware versions System configuration Firmware version Computer name RTO 136 414 DEEN system Bios version DHCP 1431 1 MEI Network Image version IP Address G2s 1 Jf ioi121164 screensaver Time date J Desktop minimize att y 2 4 Application Overview Starting the application To start the software use either the shortcut on the computer desktop or the entry in the Microsoft Windows Start menu If you run the softw
23. See chapter 9 8 2 4 Configuring PDSCH Subframes on page 188 LSS SSSR Sa User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 93 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings Defining Downlink Signal Characteristics Selecting the Precoding Scheme The Enhanced Settings contain the functionality to configure the precoding scheme of a physical channel The software supports several precoding schemes that you can select from a dropdown menu Precoding Beamforming UE spec RS e e None Turns off precoding e Transmit Diversity Turns on precoding for transmit diversity according to 3GPP TS 36 211 e Spatial Multiplexing Turns on precoding for spatial multiplexing according to 3GPP TS 36 211 If you are using spatial multiplexing you can also define the number of layers for any allocation and the codebook index The number of layers of an allocation in combination with the number of code words determines the layer mapping The available number of layers depends on the num ber of transmission antennas Thus the maximum number of layers you can select is eight Codeword to Layer Mapping Layers Codewords It Eu d zu c3 AA io ie ie co Gia ve 2 ie rie ie fee The codebook index determines the precoding matrix The available number of indi ces depends on the number of transmission antennas in use The range is from 0 to 15 The software automatically selects the codebook index if you turn the Cyclic Delay Diversity CDD on Spatia
24. eee Measurement ACUR a Na 46 B allocation summary sessseene 54 alloc ID vs sym x cartier esse 56 Balanced lhp t sis Acces tcd tee ette 77 beamforming 59 Bit streami Licini c nene eR Certe esee ate epe guts 55 Dit Stream 2 ete eto ee cud 55 Boosting estimation esses 83 capture Duffer rte rettet tation 33 CCDF is C channel decoder results sss 57 channel flatness aceite eed idee 49 Capture DUE Luce eec eet re Pen ree ta ted d qot cdd osos ptor 33 channel flatness difference 50 Capture Time 66 channel flatness grdel se 50 CCDF 53 constellation s seieeeisseeeeseieseitieeieesrieesriesrreresrererne 51 Cell ID 90 EVM error vector magnitude 89 Cell Identity Group m 90 EVM VS carrier sse eene 39 Channel Bandwidth e 87 EVM EE 41 Channel decoder results i 57 EVM vs subframe 42 Channel Estimation m 83 EVM vs symbol se ettet 40 Channel flatness EE 49 EVM vs sym X CAM sssssssse tette 41 Channel flatness difference 50 freq err vs symbol xt Channel flatness group delay 90 liSU cien deret eeneg Configurable Subframes 91 EE Configuration Table 91 u m Constellation diagram DI on off DOW crore teeetit eod tidie geesde Constellation Selection
25. 1 1 PBCH 1 1 PBCH 1 1 PBCH 1 1 PBCH 1 1 PBCH 1 1 m m The table contains the following information e Subframe Number of the subframe the bits belong to e Allocation ID Channel the bits belong to e Codeword Code word of the allocation e Modulation Modulation type of the channels e Bit Stream The actual bit stream Remote command CALCulate lt n gt FEED STAT BSTR TRACe DATA Allocation ID vs Symbol x Carrier The Allocation ID vs Symbol X Carrier display shows the allocation ID of each carrier in each symbol of the received signal EE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 56 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Measuring Statistics Alloc ID s Symbol X Carrier mmm 60 70 80 EI 100 110 Symbol Number Remote command Channel Decoder Results The Channel Decoder result display is a numerical result display that shows the charac teristics of various channels for a particular subframe Protocol information of the PBCH PCFICH and PHICH Information about the DCls in the PDCCH Decoded bitstream for each PDCCH Decoded bitstream for each PDSCH The size of the table thus depends on the number of subframes in the signal Note that a complete set of results for the control channels is available only under certain circumstances e The deu control channel has to be present and enabled see ci on page 100 e Each chanel must have a certain configuration see list belo
26. 36 141 is taken into account for the calculation of the trace e Blue trace The blue trace represents the transition periods falling and rising Note that the blue trace might be visible only after zooming into the diagram because of its steep flank and small horizontal dimensions RA dd Dt Hd PH Ne e Bluerectangles The blue rectangles represent the on periods Because of the overload during the on periods the actual signal power is only hinted at not shown e Red lines Limits as defined by 3GPP In addition to these elements the diagram also shows the overall limit check see above the average count and the limit for the mean power spectral density Off Power Density Limit Remote command Selection CALCulate lt n gt FEED PVT OOP Limit check CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt 00Power OFFPower on page 157 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt 00Power TRANsient on page 157 SENSe LTE OOPower ATIMing on page 132 TRACe DATA Power vs Symbol x Carrier The Power vs Symbol x Carrier shows the power for each carrier in each symbol The horizontal axis represents the symbols The vertical axis represents the carriers Different colors in the diagram area represent the power The color map for the power levels is provided above the diagram area EE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 37 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Power Over Time Power s Symbol X Carrier Selec
27. BW1 40 Default unit MHz Example CONF DL PRSS BW BW5 00 Defines a 5 MHz bandwidth for the positiong reference signal CONFigure L TE DL PRSS CI lt PRSConfiguration gt This command selects the configuration index of the Positioning Reference Signal Parameters lt PRSConfiguration gt Number of the configuration index RETE RU N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 194 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 8 3 4 Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation Example CONF DL PRSS CI 2 Selects configuration index 2 for the positioning reference signal CONFigure LTE DL PRSS NPRS lt NofDLSubframes gt This command defines the number of subframes the Positioning Reference Signal occu pies Parameters lt NofDLSubframes gt 1 2 4 6 Example CONF DL PRSS NPRS 1 Defines 1 subframe for the poitioning reference signal CONFigure LTE DL PRSS POWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of the Positioning Reference Signal Parameters lt Power gt Default unit dB Example CONF DL PRSS POW 1 Defines a relative power of 1 dB for the positioning reference sig nal CONFigure LTE DL SFNO lt Offset gt This command defines the frame number offset for the positioning reference signal Parameters lt Offset gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF DL SFNO 4 Defines a frame number offset of 4 Configuring the CSI Reference Signal El Eege EC HESE ge eet leede RRE BEER EES ag 195
28. CONFigure ETE El eieiei 196 GONFigure t TEEDEICSIRSIOPDSCh 2 aan a Lio e eo e RD ede nee o Ra dete 196 GONFiISurebETEEDLCSIRSIPOVWGQE EE 196 GONFISurer ETEE EU DE 196 CONFigurepETEEDEGSIRSIS TAT EE 197 CONFigure LTE DL CSIRs Cl lt CSIRSConfiguration gt This command selects the configuration index for the CSI reference signal I User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 195 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands REESEN Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation Parameters CSIRSConfiguration5MNEM Number of the configuration index Range 0 to 31 Example CONF DL CSIR CI 12 Selects configuration index 12 for the CSI reference signal CONFigure L TE DL CSIRs NAP Ports This command selects the number of antenna ports that transmit the CSI reference sig nal Parameters Ports TX1 TX2 TX4 TX8 Example CONF DL CSIR NAP TX2 Selects 2 antenna ports for the CSI reference signal transmission CONFigure L TE DL CSIRs OPDSch lt State gt This command turns overwriting of PDSCH resource elements for UEs that do not con sider the CSI reference signal on and off Parameters State ON The CSI reference signal overwrite PDSCH resource elements OFF PDSCH resource elements remain Example CONF DL CSIR OPDS ON Overwrites PDSCH resource elements if necessary CONFigure L TE DL CSIRs POWer Power This command defines the relative power of the CSI reference signal Parameters Power
29. ET m M 204 jj E 209 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 6 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Introduction 1 1 1 Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution Introduction Currently UMTS networks worldwide are being upgraded to high speed downlink packet access HSDPA in order to increase data rate and capacity for downlink packet data In the next step high speed uplink packet access HSUPA will boost uplink performance in UMTS networks While HSDPA was introduced as a 3GPP Release 5 feature HSUPA is an important feature of 3GPP Release 6 The combination of HSDPA and HSUPA is often referred to as HSPA However even with the introduction of HSPA the evolution of UMTS has not reached its end HSPA will bring significant enhancements in 3GPP Release 7 The objective is to enhance the performance of HSPA based radio networks in terms of spectrum efficiency peak data rate and latency and to exploit the full potential of WCDMAbased 5 MHz operation Important features of HSPA are downlink multiple input multiple output MIMO higher order modulation for uplink and downlink improvements of layer 2 pro tocols and continuous packet connectivity In order to ensure the competitiveness of UMTS for the next 10 years and beyond con cepts for UMTS long term evolution LTE have been investigated The objective is a high data rate low latency and packet optimized radio access technology Therefore a study ite
30. FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands REESEN Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL3 PREC CLM LC11 Assigns codeword to layer mapping 1 1 to allocation 3 in sub frame 2 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PRECoding CDD lt State gt This command turns the cyclic delay diversity of an allocation with spatial multiplexing precoding scheme on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL3 PREC CDD ON Turns the cylic delay diversity for allocation 3 in subframe 2 on CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PRECoding SCHeme lt Scheme gt This command selects the precoding scheme of an allocation Parameters lt Scheme gt NONE Do not use a precoding scheme BF Use beamforming scheme SPM Use spatial multiplexing scheme TXD Use transmit diversity scheme RST NONE Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL3 PREC SCH SPM Selects the spatial multiplexing precoding scheme for allocation 3 in subframe 2 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PRECoding SCID ID This command selects the scrambling identity nSCID The command is available for antenna ports 7 and 8 Parameters ID 0 1 Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL4 PREC SCID 1 Selects scrambling identity 1 for allocation 4 in subframe 2 EET RU E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 191 R amp S
31. FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation CONFigure LTE DL 5UBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PSOFfset lt PSOFfset gt This command defines the PDSCH start offset for a particular PDSCH allocation Parameters lt PSOFfset gt lt numeric value gt Number between 0 and 4 COMM Common PDSCH start offset Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL2 PSOF 0 Defines a PDSCH start offset of 0 for the 2nd allocation in the 2nd subframe CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt RBCount lt ResourceBlocks gt This command selects the number of resource blocks of an allocation in a downlink sub frame Parameters ResourceBlocks lt numeric value RST 6 Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL5 RBC 25 Defines 25 resource block for allocation 5 in subframe 2 CONFigure L TE DL SUBFramessubframe ALLoc allocation RBOFfset Offset This command defines the resource block offset of an allocation in a downlink subframe Parameters Offset numeric value RST 0 Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL5 RBOF 3 Defines a resource block offset of 3 for allocation 5 in subframe 2 9 8 3 Remote Commands for DL Advanced Signal Characteristics This chapter contains remote commands necessary to define advanced downlink signal characteristics For more information see chapter 5 3 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics on page 95 e Configuring the Synchronizat
32. Master Ref Level Remote command RF attenuation INPut lt n gt ATTenuation lt analyzer gt on page 166 External attenuation DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet on page 166 4 1 4 Configuring the Data Capture The data capture settings contain settings that control the amount of data and the way that the software records the LTE signal The data capture settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Set tings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Data Capture Settings Capture Time 40 10 ms Overall Frame Count iv E Auto Acc to Standard iv ierra RE 66 Overall Frame OE geen nx VERTS a Yet Reese Yep eU PUn Vue TE 66 Number of Frames to Analyze 2 eire ree tecti lice See aea 66 Auto According to TE ME 66 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 65 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings REENEN Configuring the Measurement Capture Time Defines the capture time The capture time corresponds to the time of one sweep Hence it defines the amount of data the software captures during one sweep By default the software captures 20 1 ms of data to make sure that at least one complete LTE frame is captured in one sweep The software shows the current capture time including the frame number in the header table Capture Time Frame Remote command SENSe SWEep TIME on page 166 Overall Frame Count Turns th
33. P EAR 135 FETGCh SUMMary EVMIDSSF MAXImUmD iiec oap ia ooo eek doe ea Ro pee aeu De ela 135 FE TCh SUMMarv EVM DSGE MiNimum enne nnnm rere nennen 135 FETCH SUMMary EVM DSSFL AVE Rage ea aaa aaa a a ai 135 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXIMUM cisne aa 136 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MINIMUM 0s2s s0eceeeaeeeenenaneteeeenteceeadsanteaenaceenaes 136 FE TCh SUMMarv EVM PCHannelf AVEhRaoel nennen eren 136 FETCHSUMMansEVIVEPSIGmaliMAX MUI 2 oti auo sates cau cout deed eu nba dee dee 136 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MINimtut 1 oce eeoe t seite tena ende ene kk nece aan eat 136 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage essen ener nne 136 FEFChSUMMany FERRON MAXIMUM arinen iniae a ENEE Eed 136 FETCh SUMMary FERROEMIPNIUEI icai dave reete ree za nep a ianari 136 La ler uge Ee E e 136 FE TCh SUMMarv GlM alance MA Nimum 137 FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MINIMUM c 2cccceeesenaeeeececeesessenaraecedeeeecenaeeededenaeebaes 137 FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage sessi nennen nnns 137 FE TCh SUMMarvlOOFtsetMANimum nennen nennen nsns dania i rein nennen 137 FEICh SUMMan IOOFISSEMINIRUER 12er EM eu o Renate Dd ceti n Eed gelen 137 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands EES Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage cessent eene nennen rennen 137 FEICh SUMMany OSTPIMUAAXITWATIS Eed AER 137 FETCHSUMMarysOSTP MINIMUIN
34. PEE 189 CONFigure L TE DL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc allocation POWer 190 CONFigure L TE DL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc allocation PRECoding AP 190 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PRECoding CBINdex 190 CONMFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PRECoding CLMapping 190 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PRECoding CDD 191 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PRECoding SCHeme 191 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PRECoding SCID 191 CONFigure L TE DL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc allocation PSOFfset 192 CONFigure L TE DL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc allocation RBCount 192 CONFigure L TE DL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc allocation2 RBOFfset 192 CONFigure L TE DL CSUBframes lt NofSubframes gt This command selects the number of configurable subframes in the downlink signal Parameters lt NofSubframes gt Range 0 to 39 RST 1 Example CONF DL CSUB 5 Sets the number of configurable subframes to 5 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALCount lt NofAllocations gt This command defines the number of allocations in a downlink subframe Parameters lt NofAllocations gt lt numeric value
35. RTO Compared to an analyzer the oscillo Scope yields more accurate results in this case e If you perform the measurement with two analyzers one analyzer is the master ana lyzer the other is the slave In that case use the External Reference to synchronize the analyzers and use a trigger to make sure that the measurement starts at the same time on both analyzers For a more comprehensive description of this test setup see chapter 8 4 1 MIMO Measurements with Signal Analyzers on page 117 e Use a combiner to combine antennas for each carrier as shown in figure 8 8 Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurements The technical specification in 3GPP TS 36 141 prescribes the measurement of the trans mitter OFF power and the transmitter transient period of an EUTRA LTE TDD base transceiver station BTS operating at its specified maximum output power A special hardware setup is required for this measurement since the actual measurement is done at very low power during the transmitter OFF periods requiring low attenuation at the analyzer input The signal power during the transmitter ON periods in this test scenario is usually higher than the specified maximum input power of the R amp S FSx signal analyzer and will cause severe damage to the analyzer if the measurement is not set up appro priately Test setup R amp S FSx with R amp S FSx B25 Ext reference signal Attenuator RF Limiter User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 123
36. Returns one value for each trace point of trace 1 yellow Trace 1 contains the abso lute power values measured with a 1 MHz RBW absolute power The unit is always dBm e TRACE2 Returns one value for each trace point of trace 2 green Trace 2 contains the abso lute power values measured with a 100 kHz RBW TRACE2 is available for relative ACLR measurements DEE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 141 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands DESEN 9 6 1 2 9 6 1 3 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data e LIST Returns the contents of the ACLR table For each channel it returns six values bandwidth spacing offset power delta to limit frequency at delta to limit limit check result The channel order is TX channel gt lower adjacent gt upper adjacent gt lower alter nate gt upper alternate The unit of the bandwidth spacing offset and frequency at delta to limit is Hz The unit of the power is either dBc or dBm depending on the ACLR measurement mode relative or absolute The limit check result is either a 0 for PASS or a 1 for FAIL Note that the TX channel does not have a spacing offset delta to limit frequency at delta to limit and limit check result NaN is returned instead Allocation ID vs Symbol x Carrier For the Allocation ID vs Symbol x Carrier the command returns one value for each resource element ID Symbol 0 Carrier 1 ID
37. Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics Synchronization Signal Settings P S SYNC Tx Antenna All Y P 5 SYNC Sequence P Internal S Internal P SYNC Rel Power 048 S SYNC Rel Power 0 000 dB PHS S NG Ti PMC IA EE 96 P SYNG Relative BPOW F cote rore ertt rere ree re Meas eee eee eet eee e epe sa tle E 96 O MING Ielatdve PORE EE 96 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 95 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings 5 3 2 5 3 3 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics P S SYNC Tx Antenna Selects the antenna that transmits the synchronization signal P SYNC or S SYNC When selecting the antenna you implicitly select the synchronization method If the selected antenna transmits no synchronization signal the software uses the reference signal to synchronize Note that automatic cell ID detection is not available if synchroni zation is based on the reference signal Remote command CONFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt SYNC ANTenna on page 193 P SYNC Relative Power Defines the power of the primary synchronization signal P SYNC relative to the refer ence signal Remote command CONFigure LTE DL SYNC PPOWer on page 193 S SYNC Relative Power Defines the power of the secondary synchronization signal S SYNC relative to the ref erence signal Remote command CONFigure LTE DL SYNC SPOWer on page 193 Configuring the Reference Signal The reference signal settings
38. Symbol 0 Carrier n lt ID Symbol 1 Carrier 1 gt ID Symbol 1 Carrier n ID Symbol n Carrier 1 ID Symbol n Carrier n The allocation ID is encoded For the code assignment see chapter 9 6 1 26 Return Value Codes on page 152 The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Allocation Summary For the Allocation Summary the command returns seven values for each line of the table lt subframe gt allocation ID number of RB relative power modulation absolute power lt EVM gt The unit for absolute power is always dBm The unit for relative power is always dB The unit for EvM depends on UNIT EVM All other values have no unit The allocation ID and modulation are encoded For the code assignment see chapter 9 6 1 26 Return Value Codes on page 152 Note that the data format of the return values is always ASCII E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 142 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Example Allocation Summary Selection Antenna 1 Sub frame 9 6 1 4 Humber Rel S Power per of RB Power Zap Modutation RE dBm 0 000 0 007 0 005 TRAC DATA TRACE1 would return 0 5 0 0 0000000000000 2 45 5463829153428 7 33728660354122E 05 0 3 0 0 0073997452251 6 42 5581007463452 2 54197349219455E 05 0 4 0 0 0052647197362 1 42 54642204
39. The results of the tracking estimation block are used to compensate the samples rik ERE RU MN User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 114 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurement Basics SS a The LTE Downlink Analysis Measurement Application Whereas a full compensation is performed in the reference path the signal impairments that are of interest to the user are left uncompensated in the measurement path After having decided the data symbols in the reference path an additional phase tracking can be utilized to refine the CPE estimation 8 3 2 Channel Estimation and Equalizitaion As shown in figure 8 1 there is one coarse and one fine channel estimation block The reference signal based coarse estimation is tapped behind the CFO compensation block SFO compensation can optionally be enabled of the reference path The coarse esti mation block uses the reference signal symbols to determine estimates of the channel transfer function by interpolation in both time and frequency direction A special channel estimation R as defined in 3GPP TS 36 211 is additionally generated The coarse estimation results are used to equalize the samples of the reference path prior to symbol decision Based on the decided data symbols a fine channel estimation is optimally per formed and then used to equalize the partially compensated samples of the measurement path 8 3 3 Analysis The analysis block of the EUTRA LTE downlink measurement application allow
40. Unit This command selects the EVM unit Parameters Unit DB EVM results returned in dB PCT EVM results returned in 96 RST PCT Example UNIT EVM PCT EVM results to be returned in 96 UNIT BSTR Unit This command selects the way the bit stream is displayed Parameters Unit SYMbols Displays the bit stream using symbols BITs Displays the bit stream using bits RST SYMbols Example UNIT BSTR BIT Bit stream gets displayed using Bits UNIT CAXes Unit This command selects the scale of the x axis for result displays that show subcarrier results Parameters Unit CARR Shows the number of the subcarriers on the x axis HZ Shows the frequency of the subcarriers on the x axis Example UNIT CAX HZ Selects frequency scale for the x axis SENSe LTE ANTenna SELect Antenna This command selects the antenna for which the results are shown Available if the number of input channels is From Antenna Selection eel User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 168 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands DEE Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Parameters lt Antenna gt Number of the antenna 112 34 Number of the antenna ALL Shows the results for all antennas RST 1 Example SENS ANT SEL 2 Selects antenna 2 SENSe L TET SOURce SELect Source This command selects the antenna ports the results are displayed for Parameters Source ALL Shows
41. a delay between starting the measurement and sending the trigger signal The expected time to arm the trigger of one analyzer depends on the GPIB network con ditions and the input settings To estimate the delay initiate a single run measurement using only one analyzer and measure the time until the DSP indicator flashes Note that this estimation also includes the time to transfer the I Q samples from the instrument to the LTE software A typical delay to arm the trigger is 2 seconds per instrument The minimum delay of the trigger signal must now be greater than the measured time multiplied with the number of measured antennas the number of analyzers because the spectrum analyzers are initialized sequentially The usage of an LTE frame trigger is not possible for this measurement setup Frame trigger signal setup using identical LTE frames You can use a frame trigger if all transmitted LTE frames use the same frame configu ration and contain the same data In this case the analyzers in the test setup capture data from different LTE frames but with the same content This method to analyze data however raises one issue The phase variations of the reference oscillators of the different signals that are transmitted are not the same because the data is not captured simultaneously The result is a phase error which degrades the EVM see the figures below An application for this measurement method is for example the test of t
42. adaptive modulation and coding Also in EUTRA modulation and coding for the shared data channel is not fixed but rather is adapted according to radio link quality For this purpose the UE regularly reports channel quality indications CQI to the eNodeB e Hybrid automatic repeat request ARQ Downlink hybrid ARQ is also known from HSDPA It is a retransmission protocol The UE can request retransmissions of incorrectly received data packets 1 3 References 1 3GPP TS 25 913 Requirements for E UTRA and E UTRAN Release 7 2 3GPP TR 25 892 Feasibility Study for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM for UTRAN enhancement Release 6 3 3GPP TS 36 211 v8 3 0 Physical Channels and Modulation Release 8 4 3GPP TS 36 300 E UTRA and E UTRAN Overall Description Stage 2 Release 8 E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 14 References 5 3GPP TS 22 978 All IP Network AIPN feasibility study Release 7 6 3GPP TS 25 213 Spreading and modulation FDD 7 Speth M Fechtel S Fock G and Meyr H Optimum Receiver Design for Wireless Broad Band Systems Using OFDM Part I IEEE Trans on Commun Vol 47 1999 No 11 pp 1668 1677 8 Speth M Fechtel S Fock G and Meyr H Optimum Receiver Design for OFDM Based Broadband Transmission Part Il A Case Study IEEE Trans on Commun Vol 49 2001 No 4 pp 571 578 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome Licensing the Software 2 Welcome
43. amp Schwarz equipment contact one of our Customer Support Centers A team of highly qualified engineers provides telephone support and will work with you to find a solution to your query on any aspect of the operation programming or applications of Rohde amp Schwarz equipment Up to date information and upgrades To keep your instrument up to date and to be informed about new application notes related to your instrument please send an e mail to the Customer Support Center stating your instrument and your wish We will take care that you will get the right information Europe Africa Middle East Phone 49 89 4129 12345 customersupport rohde schwarz com North America Phone 1 888 TEST RSA 1 888 837 8772 customer support rsa rohde schwarz com Latin America Phone 1 410 910 7988 customersupport la rohde schwarz com Asia Pacific Phone 6565 13 04 88 customersupport asia rohde schwarz com China Phone 86 800 810 8228 86 400 650 5896 customersupport china rohde schwarz com ROHDE amp SCHWARZ 1171 0200 22 06 00 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Contents 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 4 1 2 5 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 3 1 2 3 2 2 4 2 5 2 5 1 2 5 2 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 1 3 4 2 3 5 3 6 3 7 Contents DINE OG GU E 7 Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution eene 7 Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme eese 9 EIER E
44. amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Parameters lt Level gt Range 0 5V to 3 5 V RST 1 4 V Default unit V Example TRIG LEV 2V Defines a trigger level of 2 V TRIGger SEQuence LEVel lt analyzer gt POWer Level This command defines the trigger level for an IF power trigger Parameters Level Default unit DBM Example TRIG LEV POW 10 Defines a trigger level of 10 dBm TRIGger SEQuence PORT analyzer Port This command selects the trigger port for measurements with devices that have several trigger ports e g the R amp S FSW Parameters Port PORT1 PORT2 PORT3 Example TRIG PORT PORT1 Selects trigger port 1 TRIGger SEQuence SLOPe Slope This command selects the trigger slope Parameters Slope POSitive Triggers a measurement when the signal rises to the trigger level NEGative Triggers a measurement when the signal falls to the trigger level Example TRIG SLOP POS Selects a positive trigger slope 9 7 4 Configuring Spectrum Measurements e Configuring SEM and ACLR Measurements sse 175 ERREUR RE E E T e LLLLLLLLLIOLLLLOLOO dtGLL oLLLLLLLLLULLLLLAAAAACUU LLLI User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 174 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands EE EE Remote Commands to Configure General Settings 9 7 4 1 Configuring SEM and ACLR Measurements SENSE ee e 175 ISENZGelPOWe
45. and latency as voice traffic over the UMTS circuit switched networks e Network synchronization Time synchronization of different network sites shall not be mandated User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 8 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Introduction Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme 1 2 Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme 1 2 1 OFDMA The downlink transmission scheme for EUTRA FDD and TDD modes is based on con ventional OFDM In an OFDM system the available spectrum is divided into multiple carriers called sub carriers which are orthogonal to each other Each of these subcarriers is independently modulated by a low rate data stream OFDM is used as well in WLAN WiMAX and broadcast technologies like DVB OFDM has several benefits including its robustness against multipath fading and its efficient receiver architecture figure 1 1 shows a representation of an OFDM signal taken from 3GPP TR 25 892 2 In this figure a signal with 5 MHz bandwidth is shown but the principle is of course the same for the other EUTRA bandwidths Data symbols are independently modulated and transmitted over a high number of closely spaced orthogonal subcarriers In EUTRA downlink modulation schemes QPSK 16QAM and 64QAM are available In the time domain a guard interval may be added to each symbol to combat inter OFDM symbol interference due to channel delay spread In EUTRA the guard interval is a cyclic prefix which i
46. are triggered by the trigger unit The trigger unit also has a TRIG INPUT connector that you can connect an external trigger to If you are using an external trigger the external trigger supplies the trigger event If EET RU E S e LLLLLLLL ALLIIS User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 119 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurement Basics SS aes 8 4 2 MIMO Measurement Guide not the analyzer noise source control supplies the trigger event Note that if you do not use an external trigger the TRIG INPUT must remain open To use the R amp S FS Z11 as the trigger source you have to select it as the trigger source in the General Settings dialog box of the LTE measurement application For more infor mation see Configuring the Trigger on page 74 MIMO Measurements with Oscilloscopes This part presents an approach to measure a MIMO signal transmitted on two or four antennas using the R amp S9RTO1044 digital oscilloscope 4 GHz 4 channels and the R amp S9FS K102 103PC LTE MIMO downlink uplink PC software This has multiple advan tages e Only one measurement instrument is required This not only reduces the number of test instruments but also simplifies the test setup and cabling no reference oscillator and trigger cabling no additional hardware for synchronization required like the R amp S 9FS Z11 e The measurement time is reduced For measuring LTE signals with the RTO it has to be equipped with the options R am
47. auto level process Parameters Time numeric value RST 100 ms Default unit s Example POW AUTO TIME 200ms An auto level track time of 200 ms gets set 9 7 5 4 Configuring the Digital UO Input The digital UO input is available with option R amp S FSQ B17 or R amp S FSV B17 INPUtsn DIG RANGE LUPPEN Me m 178 IP UPS IOI SRA MS mem 178 INPut lt n gt DIQ RANGe UPPer lt ScaleLevel gt This command defines the full scale level for a digital UO signal source Parameters lt ScaleLevel gt RST 1V Default unit V Example INP DIQ RANG 0 7 Sets the full scale level to 0 7 V INPut lt n gt DIQ SRATe lt SampleRate gt This command defines the sampling rate for a digital UO signal source Parameters lt SampleRate gt RST 10 MHz Default unit Hz Example INP DIQ SRAT 10MHZ Defines a sampling rate of 10 MHz User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 178 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands DEE Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation 9 7 5 5 Configuring Home Base Stations SENSeE POWer SENEGHBS AMPOWELF accu es nein t nuu sande entre ax ERR eR pennae 179 SENSe POWer SEM CHBS AMPower Power This command defines the aggregated maximum power for home base stations Parameters Power Numeric value that defines the maximum aggregate power Default unit dBm Example POW SEM CHBS AMP 0 Defines a power of 0 dBm 9 8 Remote Comma
48. base stations Category A and B e Local Area base stations e Home base stations Category A and B are defined in ITU R recommendation SM 329 For Category B oper ating band unwanted emissions there are two options for the limits that may be applied regionally Opt1 and Opt2 EE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 75 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings Advanced Settings The type and category you should use for the measurement depends on the category and option that the base station you are testing supports For Home Area base stations you can define an additional Aggregated Max Power for all antenna ports of a home area base station The aggregated maximum power is the aggregated power of all antenna ports and has an effect on the shape of the SEM Remote command SENSe POWer SEM CATegory on page 175 Assumed Adjacent Channel Carrier Selects the assumed adjacent channel carrier for the ACLR measurement The supported types are EUTRA of same bandwidth 1 28 Mcps UTRA 3 84 Mcps UTRA and 7 68 Mcps UTRA Note that not all combinations of LTE Channel Bandwidth settings and Assumed Adj Channel Carrier settings are defined in the 3GPP standard Remote command SENSe POWer ACHannel AACHannel on page 175 Noise Correction Turns noise correction on and off For more information see the manual of the software Note that the input attenuator makes a clicking noise after each sweep if you are using the
49. conflicts between allocations in one or more subframes the software shows a icon in the column at the left of the table When you move the mouse over the icon the software shows the kind of error Oo BA E Collision with allocation IDIN RAT 4 5 6 Before you start to work on the contents of each subframe you should define the number of subframes you want to customize with the Configurable Subframes parameter The software supports the configuration of up to 40 subframes Then you can select a particular subframe that you want to customize in the Selected Subframe field Enter the number of the subframe starting with 0 The software updates the contents of the configuration table to the selected subframe Coniiguing PDSCH Allocations EE 92 Selecting the Precoding KEE 94 E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 91 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings Defining Downlink Signal Characteristics Configuring PDSCH Allocations In the default state each subframe contains one allocation Add allocations with the Used Allocations parameter The software expands the configuration table accordingly with one row representing one allocation You can define a different number of allocations for each subframe you want to configure and configure up to 110 allocations in every subframe The configuration table contains the settings to configure the allocations ID N_RNTI Selects the allocation s ID The ID corresponds to the
50. contain settings to describe the physical attributes and structure of the reference signal The reference signal settings are part of the Downlink Advanced Signal Characteris tics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics Reference Signal Settings Rel Power 0 000 dB Pseudo Rand Seq H prs Internal Rel Power Reference Signal idonee eiae nre ER Ede e RE EELER 96 Rel Power Reference Signal Defines the relative power of the reference signal compared to all the other physical signals and physical channels Note that this setting gives you an offset to all other relative power settings Remote command CONFigure LTE DL REFSig POWer on page 194 Configuring Positioning Reference Signals The positioning reference signal settings contain settings to describe the physical attrib utes and structure of the positioning reference signal E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 96 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings b E US Ml Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics Positioning reference signals are used to estimate the position of the user equipment Resource elements used by positioning reference signals are shown in blue color in the Allocation ID versus Symbol X Carrier measurement Note that PDSCH allocations will overwrite the positioning reference signal if they share a common resource
51. dBm Hz The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 ERREUR EE E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 149 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands i BSS ad Remote Commands to Read Trace Data 9 6 1 20 Power vs RB RS For the Power vs RB RS result display the command returns one value for each resource block of the reference signal that has been analyzed lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing 9 6 1 21 Power vs RB PDSCH For the Power vs RB PDSCH result display the command returns one value for each resource block of the PDSCH that has been analyzed lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing 9 6 1 22 Power vs Symbol x Carrier For the Power vs Symbol x Carrier the command returns one value for each re
52. dep sa Fe keep ea eese rinse nod au do SENSe L TEE DLE TRAGCKING PHASC c cccseccenseeserncsncensetcescensanenaneesucenencendencansensanenseeactendoncendenceseneatenseronecies SENSe L TEE DE TRACking l IME nitent rtr nnt teneri nro reuerentia r niri SENSe LTE RRAMG COUN seite eeu ho reto eroe aerae path e eo isles ea nas ree eda aa bee vp EEN EE Pe eMe R ke ve EE SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt AUTO sisi SENSe LTE FRAMeG COUNES TAT Cisncesccccsesens rnnt rtt nr rtr eara a UNE ESAE EDE NE E EE a indi 167 SENSe LTE OOPower AT IMirig 5 tnnt tern nene treten ehe rnnt 132 IGENSGelt LU TEOObowerCACGtGregaton enne enne nnrnnnne nene en nennt nenne 170 SENSe LTE OOPower FREQuency HIGHer essent ene neree nnne neren nennen nnns ennt 170 IGENSGelt LU TEOObower ERE Ouencv L Ower 171 SENSe E TEEOOPower NCORTEOCHOn 2 21 rri deeded conta iy de ENEE dE 171 SENSe L TEE SOURGe SELSGt nro tr rt rri NEESS terii EEES EES 169 SENSe EETETSUBFrame SEbLect otii ri peer EFL haee nrbes acre nra ke A E Re Eve eR aao 169 A User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 208 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Index A L ACER PLE BOUM Eme 78 Allocation ID vs symbol x carrier Allocation summary seseeeeeretennneen M Auto Detection Cell Identity eesssssssse Auto PDSCH Demodulation
53. enables testing of 3GPP LTE TDD signals on the downlink option FSx K105 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE TDD signals on the uplink FDD and TDD are duplexing methods e FDD mode uses different frequencies for the uplink and the downlink e TDD mode uses the same frequency for the uplink and the downlink Downlink DL and Uplink UL describe the transmission path e Downlink is the transmission path from the base station to the user equipment The physical layer mode for the downlink is always OFDMA e Uplink is the transmission path from the user equipment to the base station The physical layer mode for the uplink is always SC FDMA The software shows the currently selected LTE mode including the bandwidth in the header table Ee Remote command CONFigure LTE LDIRection on page 164 CONFigure LTE DUPLexing on page 163 Defining the Signal Frequency For measurements with an RF input source you have to match the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency of the signal The software shows the current center frequency in the header table a or The available frequency range depends on the hardware configuration of the analyzer you are using Remote command Center frequency SENSe FREQuency CENTer CC lt cci gt on page 164 Configuring the Input The input settings control the basic configuration of the input The input source selection is part of the General Settings tab of the G
54. gt RST 1 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands EE Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALC 5 Defines 5 allocations for subframe 2 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt GAP lt VRBGap gt This command turns the VRB Gap on and off Parameters lt VRBGap gt 0 Selects localized VRBs 1 Selects distributed VRBs and applies the first gap 2 Selects distributed VRBs and applies the second gap for channel bandwidths gt 50 resource blocks RST 0 Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL5 GAP 0 Selects localized VRBs for allocation 5 in subframe 2 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt UEID ID This command defines the ID or N RNTI Parameters ID ID of the user equipment Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL5 UEID 5 Assigns the ID 5 to allocation 5 in subframe 2 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt CW lt Cwnum gt MODulation Modulation This command selects the modulation of an allocation in a downlink subframe Suffix lt Cwnum gt 1 n Selects the codeword Parameters Modulation QPSK QPSK modulation QAM16 16QAM modulation QAM64 64QAM modulation RST QPSK eee User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 189 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands EE Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL5 CW2 MOD QAM64 Selects a 64QAM modulation for t
55. gt FUNCtion POWer RESult CURRent on page 156 TRACe DATA UO Measurements Power SPS CUI MET 48 Power vs Resource Block PDSQOH 2 e deter rete eere een etus reote 48 Power vs Resource Block RS scettur knacken gk rana a tree rn nre ee 49 EEUU RU E E E m e e LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLUILUAJLLZZX User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 47 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Deeg Measuring the Spectrum E E E onu eed teer etre Ede tea ete oco sus iaaa aa iadaa aa aoha vaceesueestuinceswted 49 Channel Flatriess Differernee oie tote rr exo Poche oce AEN 50 Channel Group EE 50 Power Spectrum Starts the Power Spectrum result display This result display shows the power density of the complete capture buffer in dBm Hz The displayed bandwidth depends on bandwidth or number of resource blocks you have set For more information see Channel Bandwidth Number of Resource Blocks on page 87 The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the power level is plotted Power Spectrum Selection Antenna 1 1 0 1 Frequency MHz Remote command CALCulate lt screenid gt FEED SPEC PSPE TRACe DATA Power vs Resource Block PDSCH Starts the Power vs Resource Block PDSCH result display This result display shows the power of the physical downlink shared channel per resource block By default three tr
56. gt GAP cccccceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 189 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt POWe ccccceseeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeee 190 CONFigure L TE DL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc allocation2 PRE Coding AP sees 190 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PRECoding CBINdex 190 CONFigure L TE DL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc allocation2 PRE Coding CDD sssse 191 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc allocation PRECoding CL Mapping 190 CONFigure L TE DL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc allocation PRE Coding SCID 191 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc allocation PRECoding SCHeme 191 CONFiourel LTE DL GUBFrame subtramez ALL oc allocattonz PGOFtiset 192 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt RBCount 192 CONFiourel LTE DL GUBFrame subtramez Al Loc allocattonzR OFrset 192 CONFiourell TED SGUBtrame subtframez AL Loc alocationz UEID 189 CONFigure L TE DL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc allocation2 CW Cwnum MODoUulation 189 CONFig re ETEEDE SYNG PPONWN EL turtur iret ete te tete nian ERE e ed RE rales 193 CONFigure ETETF DIE SYNG SPOWA6Lb eei retina ede ee b re eee RE petere Pe ae Fete baud PEERS 193 CONFigure LTE DL CC
57. lt cci gt MIMO CONFig E E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 172 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands DESSERT 9 7 3 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Example CONF NSO 4 Selects four input channels Using a Trigger TRIGSer SEQuence DEE 173 TRlGoert GtOuencelHOL Doft anayzerz rtn trttororrrnsnnnrennnereteeene 173 TRlGoert GtOuencell EVel anavzerztENTemall nen eeeeeeosorrrsrnrnsnnnnenenereeererene 173 TRIGger SEQuence LEVel analyzer POWer esiste 174 TRiGger SEQuence PORT analyzerz cece ee eeeee eae aeaesaaaaaaacedeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeees 174 TRiGgen SEQWence SLOP E 174 TRIGger SEQuence MODE lt Source gt This command selects the trigger source Parameters lt Source gt EXTernal Selects external trigger source IMMediate Selects free run trigger source POWer Selects IF power trigger source TUNit Selects the trigger unit R amp S FS Z11 as the trigger source RST IMMediate Example TRIG MODE EXT Selects an external trigger source TRIGger SEQuence HOLDoff lt analyzer gt lt Offset gt This command defines the trigger offset Parameters lt Offset gt lt numeric value gt RST Os Default unit s Example TRIG HOLD 5MS Sets the trigger offset to 5 ms TRIGger SEQuence LEVel lt analyzer gt EXTernal lt Level gt This command defines the level for an external trigger EET RE MN User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 173 R
58. lt cci gt BW CONFigure ETE DL E CC lt cci CY CPrefix 222 rrr itta annie ieee vetet ur ie cette e dt 184 CONFigure L TED TGGseostMlMO AGEL echon rennen nennen 187 CONFigure L TE DL CC cci MIMO CONF ig eene nre tnn nns 187 Al Tat CHEN EBI Re ER d entree rra erneut innt ruote ru Beanie etu Rentas 185 CONFigure L TE DUFGGsecslpL CG OCDtGroup ndai iaaea adiasa ndini tnis 186 CONFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt PLC PLID 186 CONFigure L TE DL CC cci SYNC ANTenna esses enne enne rn nennen ennt 193 CONFigure L TE DL CC cci T DD DD 185 CONFigure E TEE DE CC coi TDD UD Qonlf entretien inp aede dae anne 184 CONF iguire sB5IS ESI mE 163 eae User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 205 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC List of Commands CONFiguire EMEP EDURCCHOM fo iore ertet rete n costs Ed dee 164 E r Tee Die RN KEN Kee 172 CONFigure LTE OO Power NFRAMES 0cscrsenccissiessccdscccetsecetecsdesnensetsettensecnesnetaetscsonsaavatstioasattadsnenesieds 171 RIEGERT Ee VE 201 DISPlay WINDow n TABLe essen rennen nerenr etri eterne tenerent nennen nns 131 DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet essere 166 FETCh SUMMary CRESt MAXimum FEICHh SUMMaty CRESEMINIIU ic oreet nte tege erar pipe prd deett eode cette oet FETCh SUMMarv CRESO AVERagoel kutis tnt kntnn tnt En En tAtEn tEn EAEnenann Eann en ee
59. measurement settings apply to the UO data currently in the capture buffer EET RU E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 131 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands O Q J Remote Commands to Perform Measurements The command applies exclusively to l Q measurements It requires UO data Example INIT REFR The application updates the IQ results Usage Event SENSe SYNC STATe This command queries the current synchronization state Return values State The string contains the following information e lt OFDMSymbolTiming gt is the coarse symbol timing e P SYNCSynchronization is the P SYNC synchronization state lt S SYNCSynchronization gt is the S SYNC synchronization state A zero represents a failure and a one represents a successful synchronization If no compatible frame has been found the command returns 0 0 0 Example SYNC STAT Would return e g 1 1 0 if coarse timing and P SYNC were suc cessful but S SYNC failed Usage Query only SENSe LTE OOPower ATIMing This command adjusts the timing for On Off Power measurements Example OOP ATIM Adjusts the On Off Power timing Usage Event CONFigure LTE DL CONS LOCation lt Location gt This command selects the data source of the constellation diagram for measurements on downlink signals Parameters lt Location gt AMD After the MIMO d
60. nels is turned on e PDSCH For each decoded PDSCH allocation there is a PDCCH DCI The DCI contains parameters that are required for the decoding process If the channel could be deco ded successfully the result display shows the bit stream for each codeword If the Cyclic Redundancy Check CRC fails the result display shows an error mes sage instead User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 58 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays See H M i Ty 3 7 Measuring Beamforming Results for the PDSCH can only be determined if the PDSCH subframe configura tion is detected by the PDCCH Protocol or if automatic decoding of all control chan nels is turned on Remote command CALCulate lt screenid gt FEED STAT CDR TRACe DATA Measuring Beamforming This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the quality of the beamforming UE Specific RS Weights Magnitude oie eee me eben keen eid ia 59 UE Specio RS Welghts E EE 60 Beoatormibig RT EE 60 UE Specific RS Weights Magnitude Starts the UE Specific RS Weights Magnitude result display This measurement shows the magnitude of the measured weights of the reference signal RS carriers specific to the user equipment UE This measurement can be used to calculate the relative magnitude difference between different antenna ports You can
61. noise correction in combination with the auto leveling process Remote command SENSe POWer NCORrection on page 176 Auto Gating Turns gating for SEM and ACLR measurements on and off If on the software evaluates the on periods of an LTE TDD signal only The software determines the location and length of the on period from the TDD UL DL Allocations and the Configuration of the Special Subframe Auto gating is available for TDD measurements in combination with an external or IF power trigger If you are using an external trigger the DUT has to send an LTE frame trigger Remote command SENSe SWEep EGATe AUTO on page 176 4 5 Advanced Settings The advanced settings contain settings to configure the signal input and some global measurement analysis settings You can find the advanced settings in the General Settings dialog box User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 76 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings Advanced Settings 4 5 1 Controlling UO Data The UO settings contain settings that control the UO data flow The l Q settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced IQ Settings Swap IQ E V E e n 77 Swap UO Swaps the real I branch and the imaginary Q branch parts of the signal Remote command SENSe SWAPiq on pa
62. or R amp SGFSG The license must be installed on the analyzer Using the smartcard reader dongle Before you can use the software you have to load the license s on a smartcard if you already have one or order a new smartcard R amp S FSPC New license types are avail able as registered licenses see below User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 16 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome Licensing the Software You can use the smart card together with the USB smart card reader for SIM format supplied with the software Alternatively you can insert the smart card full format in a reader that is connected to or built into your PC Note that support for problems with the smart card licensing can only be guaranteed if the supplied USB smart card reader for SIM format is used 1 With the delivery of the R amp S FSPC you got a smart card and a smart card reader 2 Remove the smart card gt A 3 Insert the smart card into the reader If the OMNIKEY label faces upward the smart card has to be inserted with the chip facedown and the angled corner facing away from the reader e bk 4 After pushing the smart card completely inside the USB smart card reader you can use it together with the software c e When you insert the USB Smartcard reader into the PC the drivers will be loaded If your PC does not already have drivers installed for this reader the hardware will not be detec ted and the software will n
63. result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM of the OFDM symbols You can use it as a debugging technique to identify any symbols whose EVM is too high The results are based on an average EVM that is calculated over all subcarriers that are part of a particular OFDM symbol This average OFDM symbol EVM is determined for all OFDM symbols in each analyzed subframe If you analyze all subframes the result display contains three traces e Average EVM This trace shows the OFDM symbol EVM averaged over all subframes e Minimum EVM This trace shows the lowest average OFDM symbol EVM that has been found over the analyzed subframes e Maximum EVM This trace shows the highest average OFDM symbol EVM that has been found over the analyzed subframes If you select and analyze one subframe only the result display contains one trace that shows the OFDM symbol EVM for that subframe only Average minimum and maximum values in that case are the same For more information see Subframe Selection on page 68 The x axis represents the OFDM symbols with each symbol represented by a dot on the line The number of displayed symbols depends on the Subframe Selection and the length of the cyclic prefix Any missing connections from one dot to another mean that the software could not determine the EVM for that symbol In case of TDD signals the result display does not show OFDM symbols that are not part of the measured link d
64. select the antenna port to be measured via the Beamforming Selection softkey Note that you can only make an antenna port selection if the UE specific RS weights magnitude measurement is selected The measurement is evaluated over the currently selected subframe The currently selected subframe depends on your selection Note that this measurement is not avail able if the subframe selection is set to all The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the weights magnitude is plotted in dB UE specific RS Weights Subfr 0 1x1 AP 5 7 M c n gt E 1 Magnitude REN Frequency MHz Remote command CALCulate lt screenid gt FEED BEAM URWM TRACe DATA E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 59 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Deg Measuring Beamforming UE Specific RS Weights Phase Starts the UE specific RS Weights Phase result display This measurement shows the phase of the measured weights of the reference signal RS carriers specific to the user equipment UE This measurement can be used to calculate the relative phase difference between different antenna ports You can select the antenna port to be measured via the Beamforming Selection softkey Note that you can only make an antenna port selection if the UE specific RS meights phase measurement is selected The measurement is evaluated over the currently selected subframe The currently selected subframe depends on your selecti
65. specified trigger level at the Ext Trigger Gate input Some measurement devices have several trigger ports When you use one of these you can additionally select the trigger port 1 to 3 you want to use e IF Power The trigger event is the IF power level The measurement starts when the IF power meets or exceeds a specified power trigger level e Trigger Unit FS Z11 The R amp S FS Z11 is a trigger unit designed to control triggers in MIMO measurement setups Note that the trigger unit is not compatible with oscilloscope measurements For more information see chapter 8 4 1 2 Performing MIMO Measurements with a Trigger Unit on page 119 and the documentation of the R amp S FS Z11 You can define a power level for an external and an IF power trigger For most trigger sources you can select the trigger slope The trigger slope defines whether triggering occurs when the signal rises to the trigger level or falls down to it ERREUR E E AE T 1 e L 1111 LL LL tLLLLLLLLLLLLLLUMSI ZJ User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 74 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings m A SES 4 4 4 4 1 Spectrum Settings The measurement starts as soon as the trigger event happens It may become necessary to start the measurement some time after the trigger event In that case define a trigger offset ortrigger del
66. streams are captured and which antennas are assigned to the streams To measure more than one antenna at once Tx Antenna Selection must be set to All Auto 2 Antennas or Auto 4 Antennas e All all available Tx antennas are measured and the antennas are assigned to the streams in ascending order e Auto the antenna assignment is automatically detected In case of Auto 2 Antennas two streams are captured In case of Auto 4 Antennas four streams are captured The signal level of each R amp S RTO input channel is measured and the reference level and attenuation settings are adjusted automatically If a manual setting is preferred and for speed optimization the automatic level adjustment can be disabled in the General tab of the General Settings dialog box 8 5 Performing Time Alignment Measurements The measurement software allows you to perform Time Alignment measurements between different antennas You can perform this measurement in 2 or 4 Tx antenna MIMO setups The result of the measurement is the Time Alignment Error The Time Alignment Error is the time offset between a reference antenna for example antenna 1 and another antenna The Time Alignment Error results are summarized in the corresponding result display A schematic description of the results is provided in figure 8 7 E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 121 Performing Time Alignment Measurements Tx Antenna 1 Reference
67. the device under test DUT or the R amp S SMU has to provide a trigger signal This trigger signal has to be connected to all analyzers If you are using two R amp S SMU in the test setup make sure to trigger the second R amp S SMU by the first R amp S SMU as well The figure 8 2 shows a MIMO hardware setup with 2 or optional 4 analyzers and 1 or optional 2 2 channel R amp S SMUs Master Analyzer REF EXT TRIG OUT IN 2 Channel Generator RF 1 REF F OUT MARKER RF 2 EXT TRIG IN EXT TRIG IN 2 Channel Generator IRF 1 REF EXT TRIG IN IN dz e EXT TRIG IN Fig 8 2 MIMO Hardware Setup User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 117 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurement Basics ee eee ANC CR RR ESSE ees 8 4 1 1 MIMO Measurement Guide Performing MIMO Measurements The following measurement setups are possible without using special additional hard ware Delayed trigger signal setup Basically it is mandatory to start the capturing of the UO data from each antenna simul taneously However the connection between the analyzers and the software via LAN or GPIB cau ses a certain network delay This network delay and tasks like the auto level routine which need some time result in a delay between the start of the measurement and the moment when the trigger inputs of all analyzers are armed To make sure that the trigger event does not occur during this time frame you have to define
68. the data that is processed is either a live signal or a previously recorded signal whose characteristics have been saved to a file For more information see Select ing the Input Source on page 63 In both cases you can perform a continuous or a single measurement Continuous measurements capture and analyze the signal continuously and stop only after you turn it off manually gt Press the Run Cont softkey to start and stop continuous measurements Single measurements capture and analyze the signal over a particular time span or num ber of frames The measurement stops after the time has passed or the frames have been captured gt Press the Run Sgl softkey to start a single measurement You can also repeat a measurement based on the data that has already been captured e g if you want to apply different demodulation settings to the same signal P Press the Refresh softkey to measure the signal again This chapter provides information on all types of measurements that the LTE measure ment software supports Note that all measurements are based on the lI Q data that is captured except the Spec trum Emission Mask and the Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio Those are based on a frequency sweep the analyzer performs for the measurement SCPI command INITiate IMMediate on page 131 INITiate REFResh on page 131 nra APR E 31 Measuring the Power Over Time e ec
69. the reference level If it does it will overload the A D converter regardless of the signal power Mea surement results may deteriorate e g EVM This applies especially for measurements with more than one active channel near the one you are trying to measure 6 MHz Note that the signal level at the A D converter may be stronger than the level the appli cation displays depending on the current resolution bandwidth This is because the res olution bandwidths are implemented digitally after the A D converter You can either specify the RF Reference Level in dBm or Baseband Reference Level in V depending on the input source You can also use automatic detection of the reference level with the Auto Level func tion If active the software measures and sets the reference level to its ideal value before each sweep This process slightly increases the measurement time You can define the mea surement time of that measurement with the Auto Level Track Time Advanced tab Automatic level detection also optimizes RF attenuation Automatic level detection is available for an RF input source The software shows the current reference level of the first input channel including RF and external attenuation in the header table Master Ref Level Remote command Manual RF CONFigure POWer EXPected RF analyzer on page 165 Manual BB CONFigure POWer EXPected IQ analyzer on page 166 Automatic SENSe POWer AU
70. the results for all UO data streams in the result display numeric value Selects one UO data stream to display the results for The range depends on the number of input channels you are using Example SOUR SEL 4 Shows the results for the 4th UO data stream SENSe L TE SUBFrame SELect lt Subframe gt This command selects the subframe to be analyzed Parameters lt Subframe gt ALL lt numeric value gt ALL Select all subframes 0 39 Select a single subframe RST ALL Example SUBF SEL ALL Select all subframes for analysis 9 7 1 6 Configuring Time Alignment Measurements Remote commands to configure Time Alignment measurements described elsewhere SENSe FREQuency CENTer CC lt cci gt on page 164 Demod settings for CC2 chapter 9 8 Remote Command to Configure the Demod ulation on page 179 CONFiguine NOOC EE 170 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 169 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands DESSERT 9 7 1 7 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings CONFigure NOCC lt Carriers gt This command selects the number of component carriers evaluated in the Time Align ment measurement Parameters lt Carriers gt 1 2 RST 1 Example CONF NOCC 2 Selects 2 carriers Configuring On Off Power Measurements ISENS amp EETE OOPOwWerEGAGGredgalloh ner lei el ieee 170 SENSe EETE OOPower FREQuency HIGHGt 22a een dee REENEN 170 SENSeILETEFOOPOwWer F
71. to Clipboard v Show Data Points v Default Zoom On Update Fig 6 1 Context menu Using the marker You can use a marker to get the coordinates of a single point in the diagram area gt Open the context menu and select the Marker menu item When the marker is active the software puts a check mark in front of the Marker menu item When you turn it on the software positions the marker on the trace maximum After that you can move it around freely to any point of the trace Marker positioning If you try to put the marker on a coordinate not occupied by the trace the software puts the marker to the nearest trace maximum if you place it above the trace or the nearest trace minimum if you place it below the trace The marker coordinates are displayed in the upper left area of the diagram The first number shows the vertical position the second number the horizontal position of the marker including the units If you want to reposition the marker on the trace maximum after moving it around you have to first deactivate the marker and then reactivate it To deactivate the marker open the context menu and reselect the Marker menu item User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 105 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Analyzing Measurement Results o Note that the marker is not available for all measurements and result displays Zooming into the diagram area If you d like to see parts of the diagram area in more det
72. 0 Configuring the Control Channels The control channel settings contain settings that describe the physical attributes and structure of the control channel The control channel settings are part of the Downlink Advanced Signal Characteris tics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics Control Channel Settings PRB Symbol Offset Auto PCFICH Control Region for PDCCH PBCH Present PBCH Rel Power 0 000 dB PCFICH Present PCFICHRel Power 000dB PHICH Duration Auto PBCH sl PHICH TDD m bi E TM T PHICH N_g Custom PHICH Number of Groups 0 PHICHRel Power X 3 010dB PDCCH Format 0 v Number of PDCCHs 0 PDCCH Rel Power Op l I User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 100 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings 5 3 6 1 5 3 6 2 5 3 6 3 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics e Configuring the PEEL catia ice ente rated EE 101 e Conhguring ihe POFO ET 101 e Contiguima the PIE decid ell EE EENZELNE 101 Configuring the PDGGON ire ee ER e HRERE NS X ERR REN e xe NR xxu gn k aa ege e ERES 103 Configuring the PBCH The physical broadcast channel PBCH carries system information for the user equip ment You can include or exclude the PBCH in the test setup and define the relative power of this channel PBCH Present Includes or excludes the PBCH fr
73. 0 102 104PC General Settings Eh Configuring the Measurement 4 1 5 Configuring Measurement Results The measurement result settings contain settings that define certain aspects of the results that are displayed The result settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Result Settings EVM Unit ai Bit Stream Format Symbols Gi b Carrier Axes Carrier Number ENS iinne GES see ed EE a aa a e 67 Bit Stream D e nn E ET 67 HIE ARS conuat eue LM MAI MINA 68 lait EE 68 Antenna Selection iio rere e rer er iac a ara aea Tar Ri eR re 69 EVM Unit Selects the unit for graphic and numerical EVM measurement results Possible units are dB and 95 Remote command UNIT EVM on page 168 Bit Stream Format Selects the way the bit stream is displayed The bit stream is either a stream of raw bits or of symbols In case of the symbol format the bits that belong to a symbol are shown as hexadecimal numbers with two digits Examples B Bit Stream Sub Allocation tio S TI Bit Stream Fig 4 1 Bit stream display in downlink application if the bit stream format is set to symbols LSS SSRIS SSS User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 67 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings REESEN Configuring the Measurement B Bit Stream Sub Allocation E o 3 Bit Stream ID PBCH PBC 1110100110111001000101 010101101001111110
74. 1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing Channel Group Delay For the Channel Group Delay result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt group delay gt The unit is always ns The number of values depends on the selected LTE bandwidth The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the group delay Constellation Diagram For the Constellation Diagram the command returns two values for each constellation point EN User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 146 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands m M MU PH YOOe mM Remote Commands to Read Trace Data lt I SFO Sym0 Carrier1 gt Q SFO SymO Carrier1 I SFO SymO Carrier n O SFO SymO Car rier n gt lt I SFO Sym1 Carrier1 gt lt Q SFO Sym1 Carrier1 gt lt I SFO Sym1 Carrier n gt O SFO Sym1 Car rier n gt lt I SFO Sym n Carrier1 gt Q SFO Sym n Carrier1 lt I SFO Sym n Carrier n gt lt Q SFO Sym n Carrier n gt lt I SF1 Sym0 Carrier1 gt Q SF 1 SymO Carrie
75. 11001 001001011011111100100110101001100110000000110001 100101000110100101111111010001011000111010110010 Fig 4 2 Bit stream display in downlink application if the bit stream format is set to bits Remote command UNIT BSTR on page 168 Carrier Axes Selects the scale of the x axis for result displays that show results of OFDM subcarriers e X axis shows the frequency of the subcarrier e X axis shows the number of the subcarrier 200 4 100 Carrier Number Remote command UNIT CAXes on page 168 Subframe Selection Selects a particular subframe whose results the software displays You can select a particular subframe for the following measurements Result Summary EVM vs Carrier EVM vs Symbol Channel Flatness Channel Group Delay Channel Flatness Difference Constellation Diagram Allocation Summary and Bit Stream If All is selected either the results from all subframes are displayed at once or a statistic is calculated over all analyzed subframes Selecting All either displays the results over all subframes or calculates a statistic over all subframes that have been analyzed User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 68 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings Configuring the Measurement Example Subframe selection If you select all subframes All the software shows three traces One trace shows the subframe with the minimum level characteristics the second trace shows the subframe with the maximu
76. 8 9029 42 15 147 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 6 1 14 9 6 1 15 9 6 1 16 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power for each resource block over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing EVM vs Subframe For the EVM vs Subframe result display the command returns one value for each sub frame that has been analyzed lt EVM gt The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 EVM vs Symbol For the EVM vs Symbol result display the command returns one value for each OFDM symbol that has been analyzed lt EVM gt For measurements on a single subframe the command returns the symbols of that sub frame only The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 EVM vs Symbol x Carrier For the EVM vs Symbol x Carrier the command returns one value for each resource element lt EVM Symbol 0 Carrier 1 gt lt EVM Symbol 0 Carrier n gt lt EVM Symbol 1 Carrier 1 gt EVM Symbol 1 Carrier n EVM Symbol n Carrier 1 EVM Symbol n Carrier n The unit depends on UNIT EVM
77. 85716 2 51485275782241E 05 Bit Stream For the Bit Stream result display the command returns five values and the bitstream for each line of the table lt subframe gt lt allocation ID gt lt codeword gt lt modulation gt lt of symbols bits gt lt hexadecimal binary numbers gt All values have no unit The format of the bitstream depends on Bit Stream Format The allocation ID gt lt codeword gt and modulation are encoded For the code assignment see chapter 9 6 1 26 Return Value Codes on page 152 For symbols or bits that are not transmitted the command returns e FF if the bit stream format is Symbols e 9 if the bit stream format is Bits For symbols or bits that could not be decoded because the number of layer exceeds the number of receive antennas the command returns e FE if the bit stream format is Symbols e 8 if the bit stream format is Bits Note that the data format of the return values is always ASCII ETE RE E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 143 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Example Bit Stream Sub Symbol Index Allocation Code Modulation ID word 1 1 0 Bit Stream PBCH 01 01 oO O2 03 OO O1 O2 2 01 00 03 OO O2 02 PBCH 3 00 02 3 01 01 1 1 1 1 3 01 03 3 3 00 03 O2 TRAC DATA TRACE1 would return 0 12 0 2 0 01 O1 00 02 03 00 O1 02 O1 02 O1 lt continues lik
78. AN xI 11 0 v LOCALHOST INSTR VISA RSC TCPIP LOCALHOST Test Connection Cancel Interface Type Selects the type of interface you want to use You have to connect the analyzer or oscil loscope via LAN interface or the IEEE bus GPIB Number Selects the number of the interface if the PC has more than one interfaces e g several LAN cards Address Defines the address of the instrument The type of content depends on the interface type e GPIB Address Primary GPIB address of the analyzer Possible values are in the range from 0 to 31 The default GPIB address for an R amp S instruments is 20 Available for IEEE bus systems using the IEEE 488 protocol The interface type is GPIB e P Address or Computer Name Name or host address TCP IP of the computer Available for LAN bus systems using either the VXI 11 protocol or a Rohde amp Schwarz specific protocol RSIB The interface type is either LAN VXI 11 or LAN RSIB Contact your local IT support for information on free IP addresses The RSIB protocol is supported by all firmware version of the R amp S analyzers and oscilloscopes EET RE AN User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 21 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome 2 3 2 2 3 2 1 Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer The VXI 11 protocol is supported as of R amp S FSQ firmware version 3 65 and by all firmware version of the R amp S FSV R R amp S FSG and oscilloscopes e Complete VISA Resour
79. Analyzer Configuration For a comprehensive description see chapter 2 3 Connecting the Computer to an Ana lyzer on page 19 E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 73 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings Triggering Measurements 4 3 Triggering Measurements The trigger settings contain settings that control triggered measurements You can select a trigger for any of the four possible analyzers in the measurement setup separately by selecting one of the analyzers from the dropdown menu next to the Trigger Settings label The trigger settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Trigger Settings Input Channel 1 e Trigger Mode External A Trigger Offset Os Trigger Slope Rising M Est Trigger Level 1 40 Trigger Port Port 1 M Configuring the Trigger A trigger allows you to capture those parts of the signal that you are really interested in While the software runs freely and analyzes all signal data in its default state no matter if the signal contains information or not a trigger initiates a measurement only under certain circumstances the trigger event The software supports several trigger modes or sources e Free Run Starts the measurement immediately and measures continuously e External The trigger event is the level of an external trigger signal The measurement starts when this signal meets or exceeds a
80. Commands to Select a Result Display the transmission is not known or if speed or other considerations prevent segmentation of the data into blocks of definite length 9 3 Remote Commands to Select a Result Display e Neill M m 130 DiSblavlfWiNDow nzTARL e 131 CALCulate lt n gt FEED lt DispType gt This command selects the measurement and result display Parameters lt DispType gt String containing the short form of the result display BEAM URWM UE RS Weights Magnitude BEAM URWP UE RS Weights Phase CONS CONS Constellation diagram EVM EVCA EVM vs Carrier result display EVM EVRP EVM vs RB EVM EVSC EVM vs Symbol x Carrier EVM EVSU EVM vs Subframe result display EVM EVSY EVM vs Symbol result display EVM FEVS Frequency Error vs Symbol result display PVT CBUF Capture Buffer result display PVT OOP On Off Power result display PVT TAER Time Alignment Error result display SPEC ACP ACLR SPEC FDIF Flatness Difference result display SPEC FLAT Spectrum Flatness result display SPEC GDEL Group Delay result display SPEC PSPE Power Spectrum result display SPEC PVRP Power vs RB PDSCH result display SPEC PVRR Power vs RB RS result display SPEC PVSC Power vs Symbol x Carrier SPEC SEM Spectrum Emission Mask STAT AISC Allocation ID vs Symbol x Carrier STAT ASUM Allocation Summary STAT BSTR Bitstream STAT CCDF CCDF STAT CDR Channel Decoder re
81. Constellation diagram e Group delay e Q offset e Crest factor e Spectral flatness 8 4 MIMO Measurement Guide Measurements on LTE MIMO signals become available with option R amp S FS x K102 PC Performing measurements on MIMO signals requires several signal analyzers or an oscilloscope with several channels depending on the number of antennas in the MIMO system True MIMO measurements are useful to verifiy MIMO precoding implementations for setups where it is not possible to decode the transmit data using only one antenna e g User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 116 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurement Basics MIMO Measurement Guide applying spatial multiplexing MIMO precoding with more than 1 layer and to measure the hardware performance of the MIMO transmitter hardware in a true MIMO measure ment setup 8 4 1 MIMO Measurements with Signal Analyzers One analyzer acts as the master analyzer The master analyzer is the reference oscillator source for all other analyzers slaves Therefore you have to connect the REF IN of all slave analyzers to the REF OUT of the master analyzer All slave analyzers must be set to external reference If you are using two R amp S SMUs the second R amp S SMU has to be set to external reference as well and the REF OUT of the first R amp S SMU has to be connected to the REF IN of the second R amp S SMU In order to capture the data simultaneously you have to use a trigger signal Thus
82. DESPOFICh P OWEE ot tiraera ae a eE aa E don Dex Di kp BEER da Fu 199 CONEFigure ETETDE PCFiC S DAT ccrte pe ete tte ee p ta ete tae eee LR e eee hdd ap ag vete pcc 197 CONFigure E TEEDEPDGOGh EORMAaL ei errat tuere eb pee pepe EEN ed radeon Ee 198 CONFigure ETEEDE PDCCH NOPD 2 rure rere inre Pert Yen e eR cante ed ee oie e e Fe E EEA 199 Al Tat UR ER RRE GI ELE EE 200 CONFigure E TET DIE RTE 201 CONFigure ETEEDEPHICh REI E 198 CONFiourelL TED PHIChMITN A 199 CONFigure ETET DE PEICh NGPa r tneter E 198 CONFigure LTE DL PHICH NOGROUPS c c cccceceesteescccnsstencsedsctenstscesnonsaneapseeessteneseesvseecendanasacendeecssenens 199 CONFigure ETETDE PHICh POWLStE iti teer eaa qe rye e eerte dg 200 CONFigure LTE DL PRSS BW CONFiguire LME DIL PRSSiCl is seis egerggeg CONFigure LTE DLcPRSS NPRS oseese nate crashes tented an Pre ED esee ua eee ee ee tes 195 CONFig ureETETDE PRSS POWA r iil aerei ridet pee doe te ee eee e pag Ve nu ere a rta eae ae up uds 195 CONFiourelLTELDLPRGSSTATe tntu ts tuttak Attn ENEAAEAEAEEAEESEAEEAEANEE EEEE EEE EnEa EnEn Ea eent 194 CONFigure ETETDE PSOEFfS8l iini iti Aled en tree SENE E de tis ceteras 200 CONFigure LTE DL REFSig POWer 194 CONFig r NENNEN Ce HEEN 195 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALCOunt c ec cece cece eens cence nennen eee rennen 188 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation
83. EVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM PSIG RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary FERRor MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary FERRor AVERage RESult This command queries the result of the frequency error limit check Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM SERR RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary GIMBalance MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage RESult This command queries the result of the gain imbalance limit check Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 161 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Example CALC LIM SUMM GIMB RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary IQOFfset MAXimum RESult CALCulate n LIMit k SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage RESult This c
84. EVM of all resource elements of the PDSCH with a 16QAM modulation Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM DSST Returns the PDSCH 16QAM EVM Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM DSSF MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DSSF MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DSSF AVERage This command queries the EVM of all resource elements of the PDSCH with a 64QAM modulation Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM DSSF Returns the PDSCH 64QAM EVM Usage Query only ee User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 135 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands a M J s Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage This command queries the EVM of all physical channel resource elements Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average EVM depending on the last com mand syntax element The unit is or dB depending on your selection Example FETC SUMM EVM PCH Returns the mean value Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage This command queri
85. INIMUM 2 etr tco eue tet t Re de uet eaa red a gH en Ye deep Doa 139 FETICh SUMMabyRSSIEAVERage 5 nter tera Een en Pone rh dne ENEE 139 ee User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 206 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC List of Commands FETCH SUMMan RSTp M ximum tt tabbtknnaabkktnaabkt nnna ane rnanan errs anae rnan 139 FETCH SUMMar RSTp MiNlmum 139 FETCH SUMMan RSTPtAVERagef anasanat nran 139 FETCH SUMMar SERRorMANMimum nasake tiaakt nasaat n naaan arasa an ennaa 139 FETCH SUMMarg SERRorMiNimum 139 FETCH SUMMan SERRort AvERagef rnana 139 FETCH SUMMary TRRAMG iieri rre etx ent s Re rper ENEE Fe extrae ek EE 139 FETCh TAERror CC cci ANTenna antenna MAXimum esses ener nennen tnnt nnn 140 FE TOhTAERrortCGCGzcoiztANTenna antennaz MiNimum nennen 140 FETCh TAERror CC cci ANTenna antenna AVERage esee nennen 140 EFETGh GG sco Ke dE 185 FETCh GCscci PEG GIDGTFOUD 2 cci ste tubo Etha orco bete peu ea Coated teta eren ehe Coa tee nC DaT aE ATE e kA ORDRE 186 FETCh GGsccIP PEGC BEID niii e ett rera ertt e Rp pese veneto ttp dado asd Yet Y ode 187 FE TOChtGGscozsl GUlMManv RFEhror AVERage nennen eene rennen ener se nnne eni 138 FORMatl DATA e INITiate REFResh dlc sri 131 INPuCIOBAL ancedl STATel ttnt utkaEnt EAEE NEAtEAEEAEENEENEEEAEEAE ENEAN EA EEEn E EnEn Ea ea 177 Jl See HIE 177 INPutsn gt AT Tenuationsamaly
86. L DL Allocations Selects the configuration of the subframes in a radio frame in TDD systems The UL DL configuration or allocation defines the way each subframe is used for uplink downlink or if it is a special subframe The standard specifies seven different configura tions _L_L______ N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 88 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings 5 2 2 Defining Downlink Signal Characteristics Subframe Number and Usage U uplink D downlink S special subframe Conf of Special Subframe In combination with the cyclic prefix the special subframes serve as guard periods for switches from uplink to downlink They contain three parts or fields e DwPTS The DwPTS is the downlink part of the special subframe It is used to transmit down link data e GP The guard period makes sure that there are no overlaps of up and downlink signals during a switch e UpPTS The UpPTS is the uplink part of the special subframe It is used to transmit uplink data The length of the three fields is variable This results in several possible configurations of the special subframe The LTE standard defines 10 different configurations for the special subframe However configurations 8 and 9 only work for a normal cyclic prefix If you select configurations 8 or 9 using an extended cyclic prefix or automatic detection of the cyclic prefix the software will show an error message Remote command Subframe CO
87. LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLULUIIX User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 78 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings Advanced Settings General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Digital IQ Settings Source Sampling Rate 10 MHz Full Scale Level 1v sampling Rate Input Data Eale pee ree edet te E rte oerte oce ee etes 79 geil ETE 79 Sampling Rate Input Data Rate Defines the data sample rate at the digital baseband input The sample rate is available for a digital baseband input source Remote command INPut lt n gt DIQ SRATe on page 178 Full Scale Level Defines the voltage corresponding to the maximum input value of the digital baseband input Remote command INPut n DIQ RANGe UPPer on page 178 4 5 5 Configuring Home Base Station Tests The home base station settings contain settings that configure spectrum emission mask measurements for home base stations The SEM category Home BS settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced SEM Category Home BS Settings Aggregated maxi D r atom Aggregated Maximum Power Of All TX Ports D 79 Aggregated Maximum Power Of All TX Ports P Defines the aggregated maximum power of all TX ports of home base stations The aggregate maximum power is required to calculate limit line values for SEM measure ments on home base stations The
88. LTE signal You can find the signal characteristics in the Demod Settings dialog box For more information on the MIMO Configuration see MIMO Configuration on page 72 e Defining the Physical Signal Characherstce AAA 87 e Configuring the Physical Layer Cell denttv 89 e Configuring MIMO Measurements sss 90 e Configuring PDSCH Subframes esent teneret kenne nnne 91 5 2 1 Defining the Physical Signal Characteristics The physical signal characteristics contain settings to describe the physical attributes of a downlink LTE signal The physical settings are part of the Downlink Signal Characteristics tab of the Demod ulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics Physical Settings SSS J Channel Bandwidth 3 MHz 15 RB Sampling Rate 3 84MHz Occupied Bw 2 715 MHz Cyclic Prefix Auto FFT Size 256 Occupied Carriers 181 TDD UL DL Allocations Conf 0 v TDD Allocations DLS ULULUL DL S UL UL UL Conf of Special Subframe Conf 0 Channel Bandwidth Number of Resource Blocks Specifies the channel bandwidth and number of resource blocks RB The channel bandwidth and number of resource blocks RB are interdependent Cur rently the LTE standard recommends six bandwidths see table below User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 87 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings Defining Downlink Signa
89. ML file inside an iq tar file e Q data binary file Contains the binary UO data of all channels There must be only one single UO data binary file inside an iq tar file Optionally an iq tar file can contain the following file e UO preview XSLT file Contains a stylesheet to display the UO parameter XML file and a preview of the UO data in a web browser Managing Frame Data For fast access to the frame description or structure of a signal you can save it and again use it at a later time To manage frame descriptions enter the file manager and select Save Demod Setup to save the current setup or Load Demod Setup to restore a previously created setup The frame decription contains the complete modulation structure of the signal eee User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 109 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Data Management Importing and Exporting Limits The frame structure is defined in the xml file format The file contains all parameters that are part of the demodulation settings If you want to define more than one allocation you can do so by adding additional PRB entries lt PRB gt element Note the following restrictions for the frame description e You have to define at least one PRB e You can allocate a maximum of four frames The example below shows a typical frame description FrameDefinition LinkDirection downlink TDDULDLAllocationConfiguration 0 DDSpecialSubframeConfiguration 0 RessourceBlocks 50 C
90. MS EE 177 INPut I XBALanced E STATE cre ruat eere EE EENS 177 IGENSelIOLP AgetSTATel 177 GE Deel D E Ch CO EE 177 INPut IQ IMPedance Impedance This command selects the input impedance for UO inputs Parameters Impedance LOW HIGH RST LOW Example INP IQ IMP LOW Selects low input impedance for UO input INPut IQ BALanced STATe State This command selects if the UO inputs are symmetrical balanced or asymmetrical unbalanced Parameters State ON OFF RST ON Example INP IQ BAL ON Specifies symmetrical balanced IQ inputs SENSe IQ LPASs STATe State This command turns a baseband input lowpass filter on and off Parameters State ON OFF RST ON Example IQ LPAS ON Activate the input lowpass SENSe IQ DITHer STATe State This command adds or removes a noise signal into the signal path dithering EET RU E T e e e ALLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLALLALOU AAUAELLILLL A User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 177 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example IQ DITH ON Activate input dithering 9 7 5 3 Using Advanced Input Settings SENSe POWer AUTO analyzer TIME sssesssssssssssseee eene nennen nnne nter n nnne nnns 178 SENSe POWer AUTO lt analyzer gt TIME Time This command defines the track time for the
91. NFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt TDD UDConf on page 184 Special Subframe CONFigure LTE DL CC cci TDD SPSC on page 185 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity The physical signal characteristics contain settings to describe the physical attributes of a downlink LTE signal The physical settings are part of the Downlink Signal Characteristics tab of the Demod ulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics Physical Layer Cell Identity Auto CellD D Cell Identity Group D Identity 0 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 89 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings 5 2 3 Defining Downlink Signal Characteristics Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity The cell ID cell identity group and physical layer identity are interdependent parameters In combination they are responsible for synchronization between network and user equipment The physical layer cell ID identifies a particular radio cell in the LTE network The cell identities are divided into 168 unique cell identity groups Each group consists of 3 phys ical layer identities According to Nip 3 Nip Nip NI cell identity group 0 167 NO physical layer identity 0 2 there is a total of 504 different cell IDs If you change one of these three parameters the software automatically updates the other two For automatic det
92. NSE DEE eer E Eet eat dree 1e Menos E eaae etaed Ido se atta AA 182 SENSe LTE DL DEMod EVMCalc Calculation This command selects the EVM calculation method for downlink signals Parameters Calculation TGPP 3GPP definition OTP Optimal timing position RST TGPP Example DL DEM EVMC TGPP Use 3GPP method SENSe LTE DL DEMod PRData Reference This command the type of reference data to calculate the EVM for the PDSCH Parameters Reference AUTO Automatic identification of reference data ALLO Reference data is 0 according to the test model definition Example DL DEM PRD ALLO Sets the reference data of the PDSCH to 0 9 8 1 6 Processing Demodulated Data SENS amp EETEFDE DEMed GBSOrambling cei cote ere cided en eee 183 ISENSeIEETEEDIEDEMoOd DAGHEanBRels 12 1 eee cuu ottenere eere en ze etude 183 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 182 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 8 1 7 9 8 2 Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation SENSe LTE DL DEMod CBSCrambling lt State gt This command turns scrambling of coded bits for downlink signals on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example DL DEM CBSC ON Activate scrambling of coded bits SENSe LTE DL DEMod DACHannels lt State gt This command turns the decoding of all control channels on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example DL DEM DACH ON
93. N_RNTI By default the software assigns consecutive numbers starting with 0 The ID or N_RNTI is the user equipment identifier for the corresponding allocation and is a number in the range from 0 to 65535 The order of the numbers is irrelevant You can combine allocations by assigning the same number more than once Com bining allocations assigns those allocations to the same user Allocations with the same N RNTI share the same modulation scheme and power settings Code Word Shows the code word of the allocation The code word is made up out of two numbers The first number is the number of the code word in the allocation The second number is the total number of code words that the allocation contains Thus a table entry of 1 2 would mean that the row corresponds to code word 1 out of 2 code words in the allocation Usually one allocation corresponds to one code word In case of measurements on a MIMO system 2 or 4 antennas in combination with the Spatial Multiplexing pre coding value however you can change the number of layers Selecting 2 or more layers assigns two code words to the allocation This results in an expansion of the configuration table The allocation with the spatial multiplexing then comprises two rows instead of only one Except for the modulation of the code word which can be different the contents of the second code word row are the same as the contents of the first code word Modulation Selects the modulation sc
94. P auto PSYNCBoostingdB 0 SYNCBoostingdB 0 PSSYNCTxAntenna All ReferenceSignalBoostingdB 0 BCHIsPresent true PBCHBoostingdB 0 PCFICHIsPresent true PCFICHBoostingdB 0 HICHTDDSetMiAccToETMs false NumberOfPDCCHs 0 PDCCHFormat 1 DCCHBoostingdB 0 PSSYNCRepetitionPeriod 10 DataSymbolOffsetSubFrame 1 IMOConfiguration 1 Tx Antenna MIMOAntennaSelection Antenna 1 T S P PHICH Ng 1 PHICHNumGroups 0 PHICHDuration Normal PHICHBoostingdB 3 01 P P M P hysLayCellIDGrp Auto PhysLayID Auto RefSignal3GPPVersion 3 N c fastforward 1600 Frame Subframe lt PRBs gt lt PRB Start 0 Length 6 Boosting 0 Modulation QPSK Precoding None Layers 1 Codebook 0 CDD 0 N_RNTI 0 gt lt PRB gt lt PRBs gt lt Subframe gt lt Frame gt lt stControl PhaseTracking 1 TimingTracking 0 ChannelEstimation 1 EVMCalculationMethod 1 CompensateCrosstalk 0 EnableScrambling 1 AutoDemodulation 1 AutoBoostingEstimation 1 SubframeConfDetect 2 RefDataSource 1 MulticarrierFilter 0 gt lt stControl gt lt FrameDefinition gt 7 3 Importing and Exporting Limits In addition to the limits defined by the standard you can create and use customized limits After you have created the file you have to name it Default eutra_limits and copy it into the same folder as the software binary Program folder Rohde Schwarz EUTRA LTE by default The limits are automatically loaded
95. R amp S FS K100 102 104PC R amp S FSV K100 102 104 R amp S FSQ K100 102 104 EUTRA LTE Downlink PC Software User Manual HD LITE 1308 9029 42 15 ROHDE amp SCHWARZ This manual covers the following products e R amp S9FSQ K100 1308 9006 02 e R amp S FSQ K102 1309 9000 02 e R amp S9FSQ K104 1309 9422 02 e R amp S FSV K100 1310 9051 02 e R amp S FSV K102 1310 9151 02 e R amp S FSV K104 1309 9774 02 e R amp S9FS K100PC 1309 9916 02 e R amp S9FS K102PC 1309 9939 02 e R amp S9FS K104PC 1309 9951 02 The R amp S FS K10xPC versions are available for the following spectrum and signal analyzers and oscillo scopes R amp S FSG e R amp S FSQ e R amp S FSV e R amp S9FSVR e R amp S FSW e R amp S RTO The contents of the manual correspond to version 3 20 or higher 2013 Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG M hldorfstr 15 81671 M nchen Germany Phone 49 89 41 29 0 Fax 49 89 41 29 12 164 E mail info rohde schwarz com Internet www rohde schwarz com Subject to change Data without tolerance limits is not binding R amp S is a registered trademark of Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG Trade names are trademarks of the owners The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual R amp S9FS K100 K102 K104 is abbreviated as R amp S FS K100 K102 K104 Customer Support Technical support where and when you need it For quick expert help with any Rohde
96. REQuency LOWE n ionn rete a eaaa 171 SENSE LTE OOP wer NCORECGUON ienai ct inta titer Sia headend 171 GONFigurerETEFOOPOwerNPBAmes ette et rito iaa Rn aa aa Tana 171 SENSe LTE OOPower CAGGregation lt NoiseCorrection gt This command turns carrier aggregation for Transmit On Off Power measurements on and off Parameters lt NoiseCorrection gt ON OFF RST OFF Example FREQ CENT 1GHZ Defines a center for the master component carrier of 1 GHz OOP CAGG ON OOP FREQ LOW 950MHZ OOP FREQ HIGH 1050MHZ Turns on carrier aggregation and defines a frequency band between 950 MHz and 1 05 GHz SENSe LTE 0OPower FREQuency HIGHer Frequency This command defines the higher edge frequency for Transmit On Off Power measure ments with carrier aggregation Parameters lt Frequency gt lt numeric value gt Default unit Hz Example See SENSe LTE OOPower CAGGregation LEE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 170 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 7 2 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings SENSe LTE 0OPower FREQuency LOWer Frequency This command defines the lower edge frequency for Transmit On Off Power measure ments with carrier aggregation Parameters lt Frequency gt lt numeric value gt Default unit Hz Example See SENSe LTE OOPower CAGGregation SENSe LTE 0OPower NCORrection lt NoiseCorrection gt This command turns noise
97. SSF MAXimum RESUIt esses 159 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM DSSF AVERage RESUIt esses 159 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM DSST MAXimum RESUIt sees 159 CAL Culate nz 1 lMitcks SGUMMarv EVMDSGTTAVERaoelREGun eeren e eoreerne ne 159 CALCulate lt n gt LlIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXimum RESult sssss essene neseno eeee nene 160 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage RESUuIt 160 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MAXimum RESUIt eeseeesesuss 160 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage RESUIt ssuus 160 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary FERRor MAXimum RESUII sees 161 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary FERRor AVERage RESUIt esses 161 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary GIMBalance MAXimum RESUIt eeeeseesssuss 161 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage RESUIt seeuesuus 161 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary IQOFfset MAXimum RESUlt esses 162 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage RE Gu 162 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum RESult 0ecceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 162 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary QUADerror AVERage RESUIt ees 162 CALCulate lt
98. Settings tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics Demodulated Data Scrambling of Coded Bits V Decode All Channels r Scrambling or Coded Bils 2 tote tm Fam aen eene teen t Raten ru cree 85 Decode All Chalhiels oce er ies he icto tea eee Eege edd See 86 Scrambling of Coded Bits Turns the scrambling of coded bits for all physical channels like PDSCH or PHICH on and off The scrambling of coded bits affects the bitstream results RETE RA AE e e LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLALCUULLULLLLLASRg User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 85 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation Source ofbitstream results when Scrambling of coded bits is zON zOFF unscrambled bits scrambled bits code words Scrambling peer J Scrambling pony LI Fig 5 1 Source for bitstream results if scrambling for coded bits is on and off Remote command SENSe LTE DL DEMod CBSCrambling on page 183 Decode All Channels Turns the decoding of all physical channels on and off If on the software shows the decoding results in the Channel Decoder Results result display If off e the PBCH is decoded only if the PHICH Duration or the PHICH N_g are automatically determined e the PDCCH is decoded only if the PDSCH Subframe Configurat
99. Suffix lt m gt 1 Query parameters CPOW This parameter queries the signal power of the SEM measure ment Return values lt Result gt SEMResults Power level in dBm ACLRResults Relative power levels of the ACLR channels The number of return values depends on the number of transmission and adjacent channels The order of return values is lt TXChannelPower gt is the power of the transmission channel in dBm e lt LowerAdjChannelPower gt is the relative power of the lower adjacent channel in dB lt UpperAdjChannelPower gt is the relative power of the upper adjacent channel in dB e lt 1stLowerAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of the first lower alternate channel in dB 1stUpperAltChannelPower is the relative power of the first lower alternate channel in dB lt nthLowerAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of a subse quent lower alternate channel in dB e nthUpperAltChannelPower is the relative power of a subse quent lower alternate channel in dB T User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 156 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 6 2 2 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Example CALC1 MARK FUNC POW RES Returns the current ACLR measurement results Usage Query only CALCulate n LIMit k OOPower OFFPower This command queries the results of the limit check in the Off periods of On Off Power measurements Return values lt OOPResults gt Returns one value f
100. TO lt analyzer gt STATe on page 165 Auto Level Track Time SENSe POWer AUTO analyzer TIME on page 178 EET RU RE E A T e A AALLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLALAAAAALLUIL AAALLLISCSL User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 64 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings sess SS SS 5 a a a Configuring the Measurement Attenuating the Signal Attenuation of the signal may become necessary if you have to reduce the power of the signal that you have applied Power reduction is necessary for example to prevent an overload of the input mixer You can attenuate the signal at the RF input of one of the analyzers in the measurement setup mechanical or RF attenuation or attenuate the signal externally external attenuation If you attenuate or amplify the signal either way the software adjusts the numeric and graphical results accordingly In case of graphical power result displays it moves the trace s vertically by the specified value Positive values correspond to an attenuation and negative values correspond to an amplification The range of the RF attenuation depends on the hardware you are using in the mea surement setup For details refer to its data sheet If the attenuation you have set is not supported by the hardware the software corrects the attenuation and shows a corre sponding message The software shows the RF and external attenuation level in the header table next to the reference level
101. The EUTRA LTE measurement software makes use of the UO capture functionality of the following spectrum and signal analyzers to enable EUTRA LTE TX measurements conforming to the EUTRA specification e R amp S FSQ e R amp S FSG e R amp S FSV e R amp S FSVR e R amp S FSW e R amp S RTO This manual contains all information necessary to configure perform and analyze such measurements Licensing URS SOWA eI 16 e Installing the Software c cccceccccccceeceee eee eeeteeeeeeaaeaneeeneeceeeeeeeeesecueseneaaneeeeeeees 19 e Connecting the Computer to an AmalyZel cccccsececcccccetereeeecceecetteeececeneeetteees 19 Application ee TEE 25 e Configuring the SORWee cct et Rl EENS 27 2 1 Licensing the Software The software provides the following general functionality e To capture and analyze UO data from an R amp S amp FSW R amp SGFSV R amp SGFSVR R amp SGFSQ R amp SGFSG or R amp S RTO e To read and analyze UO data from a file License type You can purchase two different license types for the software e R amp S FS K10xPC This license supports software operation with and without an R amp S instrument ana lyzer or oscilloscope The software works with a connection to an analyzer but also supports the analysis of data stored in a file This license type requires a smartcard reader dongle e R amp S FSV FSQ K10x This license requires a connection to an R amp S FSV R amp S FSVR R amp SGFSQ
102. Time Tx Antenna 2 Time Alignment Error 42 1 Time Tx Antenna 2 Time Alignment Error 43 1 LTE Frame Start Indicator Time Tx Antenna 2 Time Alignment Error A4 1 Time Fig 8 7 Time Alignment Error 4 Tx antennas Test setup Successful Time Alignment measurements require a correct test setup A typical hardware test setup is shown in figure 8 8 Note that the dashed connection are only required for MIMO measurements on 4 Tx antennas Fig 8 8 Hardware setup For best measurement result accuracy it is recommended to use cables of the same length and identical combiners as adders In the software make sure to correctly apply the following settings select a reference antenna in the MIMO Configuration dialog box not All e set the Subframe Selection to All R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurement Basics gg re el 8 6 Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurements e Note that the Time Alignment meaurement only evaluates the reference signal and therefore ignores any PDSCH settings for example it does not have an influence on this measurement if the PDSCH MIMO scheme is set to transmit diversity or spatial multiplexing Time Alignment measurements with carrier aggregation The test setup per component carrier is basically the same as measurements on a single carrier You should however follow these guidelines for the best measurement results e Perform the measurement with an R amp S
103. Total gt lt Unit W gt lt CrestFactor gt lt CrestFactor gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 10 10 dB gt lt OffPowSpectralDensity Limit 85 gt lt OffPowSpectralDensity gt lt Unit dBm MHz lt DL gt lt Limits gt R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurement Basics Symbols and Variables 8 Measurement Basics This chapter provides background information on the measurements and result displays available with the LTE Analysis Software e Symbols and Variables EE 112 e diese eee pereo e E ieee RANT INE ERE AA cea EXER AR e E TERETPAREC E LEUR TERT EE ERR a RIA 113 e The LTE Downlink Analysis Measurement Appltcation 113 e MIMO Measurement Guide 116 e Performing Time Alignment Measurements nn nnnnnnnenneee ene 121 e Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurement cccccecccecceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 123 8 1 Symbols and Variables The following chapters use various symbols and variables in the equations that the measurements are based on The table below explains these symbols for a better under standing of the measurement principles EE data symbol actual decided Dik boosting factor Af Af CONS carrier frequency offset between transmitter and receiver actual coarse estimate Al residual carrier frequency offset C relative sampling frequency offset Huc H ik channel transfer function actual estimate i time index Tooarse gt line timing estimate coarse fin
104. UAULUULLULLX X User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 97 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings ca cc een 5 3 4 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics Relative Power Positioning Reference Signal Defines the power of a PRS resource element in relation to the power of a common reference signal resource element Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PRSS POWer on page 195 Frame Number Offset Defines the system frame number of the current frame that you want to analyze Because the positioning reference signal and the CSI reference signal usually have a periodicity of several frames for some reference signal configurations is it necessary to change the expected system frame number of the frame to be analyzed Note that if you define the frame number offset for either reference signal it is automat ically defined for both reference signals Remote command CONFigure LTE DL SFNO on page 195 Configuring Channel State Information Reference Signal The channel state information reference signal CSI RS settings contain settings to describe the physical attributes and structure of the Channel State Information Reference Signal CSI RS CSI RS are used to estimate the channel properties of the signal propagation channel from the base station to the user equipement This information is quantized and fed back to the base station The base station makes use of this information for example to adjust the beamforming parameters
105. Wer on page 200 Configuring the Shared Channel The shared channel settings contain settings that describe the characteristics of the shared channels The shared channel settings are part of the Downlink Advanced Signal Characteris tics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics Shared Channel Settings RRB REA User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 103 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics PDSCH Power Ratio Selects the PDSCH P_B parameter that defines the cell specific ratio of rho_B to rho_A according to 3GPP TS 36 213 table 5 2 1 The table below shows the resulting values as a function of the number of antennas 2 and 4 Tx a Se aniennas 0 0 000 dB 0 969 dB 0 969 dB 0 000 dB 2 218 dB 1 249 dB 3 979 dB 3 010 dB If you select p_B p_A 1 the ratio is always 1 regardless of the number of antennas Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PDSCh PB on page 201 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Analyzing Measurement Results NACE SS a SSS ee UU ew 6 Analyzing Measurement Results The measurement software provides several tools to get more detailed information on the measurement results The corresponding tools are part of the context menu gt To access the context menu click anywhere in the diagram grid with the right mouse button Marker Zoom b Pan b Copy Image
106. Zere sieraed eaaa aa aea aa aAa aa Ea OR DX RAD RR E REA CA HERR Add 166 INP t rs DIQ RANGe UPPert 5 rta detta p e pd dede ended edad 178 INbutznz DiO SbATe katinta tatut En SEA EAAENEEAEAEEAENEAEEEEENENEEAENENEEAEENEANEAEENENEEE EEEE EE EEEE 178 MMEMory LOAD DEMOdSettin EE 202 MMEMory LOAD IQ STATe MMEMory LOAD TMOD DL MMEMory STORe DEModsetting 2 rte tei tren ntt nhanh toe sullen ib na ee nn sea dana ka eon kann o 203 MMEMorv STObelOSrATe tnt At tnt ES tut EAEENEAEENEAAEAEAEENEEAEANENEENENEEAEAN EEEE En EEEa Ea Eent 203 SENS INPUT EE 164 TRACS DATA RE 154 TRlGoert GEOuencel HOL Doft anahyzerz enne nennen neret ens nnnne etre n nere nns 173 TRlGoert GEOuencelL EVel analvzerz POMWer nere eee nenen eren nnne nnns 174 TRIGger SEQuence LEVel analyzer EXTernal essent 173 TRIGger SEQuence MOPDE errare te de rere eta ode ra eh nde pasa chu tx de E Beg usb ku eeu b NER EUN E dea nud svt nua Eua Rud TRIGger SEQuence PORT analyzer i RlGger SEQuence SLOP isis essere tt rentre hio Pee temi repre pep EEN UNIT ECH EE WNIT e EE UNIT EV Metteg Eed EES SENSe FREQuency CENT er CO lt CCi gt i ccccscccecessancesctenitecosctvosnenssesssocvantiedensucctoesseveccadsaseecteedndesstacpernetece 164 IEN Gel IO DiTHert GTATel tnt utEAtAAEnENEAAEAEAEENEESEANENEANEE ENEA En nEEn nnanet Ent SENS6 Te ME HE RE SENSe POWer ACHannel AACHannel eesssesssseseeeseeneeenee
107. a antenna AVERage sese 140 FETCh SUMMary CRESt MAXimum FETCh SUMMary CRESt MINimum FETCh SUMMary CRESt AVERage This command queries the average crest factor as shown in the result summary Return values lt CrestFactor gt lt numeric value gt Crest Factor in dB Example FETC SUMM CRES Returns the current crest factor in dB Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage This command queries the EVM of all resource elements Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average EVM depending on the last com mand syntax element The unit is or dB depending on your selection User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 134 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands BREET Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results Example FETC SUMM EVM Returns the mean value Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP AVERage This command queries the EVM of all resource elements of the PDSCH with a QPSK modulation Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM DSQP Returns the PDSCH QSPK EVM Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM DSST MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DSST MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DSST AVERage This command queries the
108. a 134 FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP MAXimum sess nre rennen trennen 135 FETCh SUMMary EVM DSQP MINIMUM is cei fics ciere ebore ett oot d i teta tcp n REOR e ortae 135 FE TCh SUMMarv EVMDSOPIAVERaoelg nere nree nene trennen rrse trennen 135 FEICh SUMMary EVM DSSF MAXitm tm criaiae tet ete ut tete plea ge t pee Hp Rep n RE 135 FETCh SUMMarv EVM DSGE MiNimum nennen nne trennen enne 135 EETCh SUMMary EVM DSSF AVERagel 2 1 11 irren peace ceca ipe dE tian eeries 135 FE TCh SUMMarv EVMDSGTMANImum enne neen rhet nnnen neret ere tnn sense tnn inns een 135 FETCh SUMMarv EVM DSGT MiNimum ener nenne nne trennen nnns nnne 135 FE TCh SUMMarv EVMDSGTTAVERageh nennen neree nenne nnree trente nnne ni 135 FETOCh SUMMarv EVM PCHannel MANimum nennen nennen nennen nnns 136 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MINimum essent eren 136 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage sese eene rennen nentes 136 FETCh SUMMarv EVM PGlGnal MAximum eene 136 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MINimum essent enne 136 FETOCh SUMMarv EVM PG lGnaltAVERagel 136 FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MAXimum FEICh SUMMary EVMEALHETMINimi lT iaceo eter Andee eerta c te ett dede he Dette dendi 134 FETCh SUMMarv EVMI AL LUIIAVERaoel nnen 134 FE TOCh SUMMarv FERbRorMAximum AEN 136 FETCh SUMMary FERRor MINimum esses eene nrenn nennen ee nre e trenes serere nnns in nn sen 136 FETCh SUMMar
109. aces are shown One trace shows the average power The second and the third trace show the minimum and maximum powers respectively You can select to display the power for a specific subframe in the Subframe Selection dialog box In that case the application shows the powers of that subframe only The x axis represents the resource blocks The displayed number of resource blocks depends on the channel bandwidth or number of resource blocks you have set On the y axis the power is plotted in dBm E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 48 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Spectrum Power vs RB PDSCH Selection Antenna 1 Power per RE dBm Remote command Power vs Resource Block RS Starts the Power vs Resource Block RS result display This result display shows the power of the reference signal per resource block By default three traces are shown One trace shows the average power The second and the third trace show the minimum and maximum powers respectively You can select to display the power for a specific subframe in the Subframe Selection dialog box In that case the application shows the power of that subframe only The x axis represents the resource blocks The displayed number of resource blocks depends on the channel bandwidth or number of resource blocks you have set On the y axis the power is plotted in dBm Power vs RB Ref Signal Selection Antenna 1 Remote command
110. ail you can use the zoom gt Open the context menu and select the Zoom menu item The software opens a submenu with several zooming options ai x Auto XY Default Zoom Fig 6 2 Zooming options e Zooming vertically and horizontally XY Click on any point in the diagram area and draw a rectangle with the mouse The rectangle defines the part of the diagram area you are zooming into e Zooming horizontally X Click on any point in the diagram area and define the horizontal section of the diagram area you want to zoom into e Zooming vertically Y Click on any point in the diagram area and define the vertical section of the diagram area you want to zoom into e Zooming automatically Auto XY Automatically scales the diagram area so that the complete trace data is visible Double clicking on the diagram has the same effect e Restoring the default zoom The Default Zoom entry restores the default zoom The software also provides functionality to restore the default zoom each time when the display is updated gt Open the context menu and select the Default Zoom on Update menu item Panning the trace If you d like to see parts of the measurement results that are outside the diagram area you can move the contents of the diagram area To move the contents of the diagram area click anywhere in the diagram area and drag the contents of the diagram area until the parts you d like to see are visible eee Use
111. andwidth This command selects the downlink bandwidth Parameters Bandwidth BW1 40 BW3_00 BW5_00 BW10_00 BW15 00 BW20_00 RST BW10 00 Example CONF NOCC 2 CONF DL CC1 BW BW10 00 CONF DL CC2 BW BW10 00 Selects two carriers both with a bandwidth of 10 MHz CONFigure L TE DL CC cci CYCPrefix lt PrefixLength gt This command selects the cyclic prefix for downlink signals Parameters lt PrefixLength gt NORM Normal cyclic prefix length EXT Extended cyclic prefix length AUTO Automatic cyclic prefix length detection RST AUTO Example CONF DL CYCP EXT Sets cyclic prefix type to extended CONFigure L TE DL CC cci TDD UDConf Configuration This command selects the UL DL subframe configuration for downlink signals Parameters Configuration Range 0 to 6 RST 0 Example CONF DL TDD UDC 2 Selects allocation configuration number 2 ERE RU E T SSSR User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 184 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 8 2 2 Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation CONFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt TDD SPSC lt Configuration gt Selects the configuration of a TDD special subframe Parameters lt Configuration gt lt numeric value gt Numeric value that defines the subframe configuration Subframe configurations 7 and 8 are only available if the cyclic prefix is normal Range 0 to 8 RST 0 Example CONF DL CYCP NORM Selects normal cyclic p
112. are on an analyzer access the software via the Mode menu gt Press the MODE key and select EUTRA LTE Presetting the software When you first start the software all settings are in their default state After you have changed any parameter you can restore the default state with the PRESET key Note that using the preset function also presets an analyzer if one is connected and you capture the data from the hardware CONFigure PRESet on page 201 Using the preset if the software has been installed on an R amp S FSQ R amp S FSG R amp S FSV R amp S FSVR or R amp S FSW presets the software and the analyzer and exits the LTE soft ware SCPI command RST a User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 25 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome Application Overview Elements and layout of the user interface The user interface of the LTE measurement application is made up of several elements Level dBm Power vs Symbol X Carries 1 Header table The header table shows basic information like measurement frequency or sync state 2 Diagram area The diagram area contains the measurement results You can display it in full screen or split screen mode The result display is separated in a header that shows the title etc and the diagram area that show the actual results 3 Status bar The status bar contains information about the current status of the measurement and the soft ware 4 Hotkeys Hotkeys contain functional
113. are transmitted on the 72 center subcarriers around the DC subcarrier within the same predefined slots twice per 10 ms on different resource elements see figure 1 7 emu AM s User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 13 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Introduction References 10 ms Radio frame EI IH 1 er 1 ms E HEEEFIEETETEE 0 5 ms sub frame 0 5 ms slot Fig 1 7 P SYNC and S SYNC Structure As additional help during cell search a common control physical channel CCPCH is available which carries BCH type of information e g system bandwidth It is transmitted at predefined time instants on the 72 subcarriers centered around the DC subcarrier In order to enable the UE to support this cell search concept it was agreed to have a minimum UE bandwidth reception capability of 20 MHz 1 2 5 Downlink Physical Layer Procedures For EUTRA the following downlink physical layer procedures are especially important e Cell search and synchronization See above e Scheduling Scheduling is done in the base station eNodeB The downlink control channel PDCCH informs the users about their allocated time frequency resources and the transmission formats to use The scheduler evaluates different types of information e g quality of service parameters measurements from the UE UE capabilities and buffer status e Link adaptation Link adaptation is already known from HSDPA as
114. ay The trigger offset is the time that should pass between the trigger event and the start of the measurement The trigger offset may be a negative time The trigger offset is then called a pretrigger The trigger offset is available for all trigger modes except free run Remote command For a comprehensive list of commands to define trigger characteristics see chapter 9 7 3 Using a Trigger on page 173 Spectrum Settings The spectrum settings contain settings to configure frequency sweep measurements ACLR and SEM You can find the spectrum settings in the General Settings dialog box Configuring SEM and ACLR Measurements The SEM Spectrum Emission Mask and ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio set tings contain settings that define aspects of those measurements The SEM and ACLR settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Set tings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced SEM and ACLR Settings Category Category amp x Assumed Adj Channel EUTRA same B e ACLR Noise Correction IT E sicca MD EE 75 Assumed Adjacent Channel GCarfigr uiae dca use en actes Eun zzutee Fasz du pce ana aute es 76 NOISE COMOCUON MEM 76 AUO AAG D ms 76 Category Selects the type category and option of the limit defintions for SEM measurements The software supports limit defintions for the following types of base stations e Wide areas
115. bbreviations of the keywords The short form is emphasized in upper case letter Note however that this emphasis only serves the purpose to distinguish the short from the long form in the manual For the instrument the case does not matter EE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 126 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 2 2 9 2 3 9 2 4 Introduction Example SENSe FREQuency CENTer is the same as SENS FREQ CENT Numeric Suffixes Some keywords have a numeric suffix if the command can be applied to multiple instan ces of an object In that case the suffix selects a particular instance e g a measurement window Numeric suffixes are indicated by angular brackets n next to the keyword If you don t use a suffix for keywords that support one it is treated as a 1 Example DISPlay WINDow lt 1 4 gt ZOOM STATe enables the zoom in a particular mea surement window selected by the suffix at WINDow DISPlay WINDow4 ZOOM STATe ON refers to window 4 Optional Keywords Some keywords are optional and are only part of the syntax because of SCPI compliance You can include them in the header or not Note that if an optional keyword has a numeric suffix and you need to use the suffix you have to include the optional keyword Otherwise the suffix is recognized as a 1 Optional keywords are emphasized with square brackets Example Without a numeric suffix in the optional keyword
116. bcarriers whose EVM is too high The results are based on an average EVM that is calculated over the resource elements for each subcarrier This average subcarrier EVM is determined for each analyzed sub frame in the capture buffer If you analyze all subframes the result display contains three traces e Average EVM This trace shows the subcarrier EVM averaged over all subframes e Minimum EVM This trace shows the lowest average subcarrier EVM that has been found over the analyzed subframes e Maximum EVM This trace shows the highest average subcarrier EVM that has been found over the analyzed subframes If you select and analyze one subframe only the result display contains one trace that shows the subcarrier EVM for that subframe only Average minimum and maximum val ues in that case are the same For more information see Subframe Selection on page 68 The x axis represents the center frequencies of the subcarriers On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM Unit User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 39 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays EVM vs Carrier Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM Maximum 1 EI z Selection Antenna 1 Minimum i ll Hall t m hy i pn A n ui L di WW i Me Ty Wh iui d We 4 3 2 E 0 Frequency MHz a Remote command CALCulate lt n gt FEED EVM EVCA TRACe DATA EVM vs Symbol Starts the EVM vs Symbol
117. block The positioning reference signal settings are part of the Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics Positioning Reference at Settings Present Configuration Index 0 Rel Power 0 000 dB Bandwidth 1 4 MHz 6 RB Num Subframes N_PRS Frame Number Offset 0 PESENE TE 97 iron META 97 CONTIG UPON MOON D 97 Num Subframes IN Sher 97 Relative Power Positioning Reference Signal isses 98 Frame Number OIfSel s aA N ERREECHEN 98 Present Turns the positioning reference signal on and off Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PRSS STATe on page 194 Bandwidth Defines the bandwidth and thus the number of resource blocks the positioning reference signal occupies Note that the PRS bandwidth has to be smaller than the channel bandwidth Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PRSS BW on page 194 Configuration Index Defines the PRS Configuration Index lpgs as defined in 3GPP TS 36 211 table 6 10 4 3 1 Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PRSS CI on page 194 Num Subframes N PRS Defines the number of consecutive DL subframes in that PRS are transmitted Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PRSS NPRS on page 195 EEUU RUE EE E n e 1 e L 1L LLLLLLLLLLLLOLT A LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLUALLLUULA
118. ce String Allows you to enter the complete VISA resource string manually A VISA string is made up out of the elements mentioned above separated by double colons e g GPIB 20 INSTR Available for interface type Free Entry Subsystem Shows the subsystem in use Typically you do not have to change the subsystem VISA RSC Shows or defines the complete VISA resource string SCPI command CONFigure ACONfig analyzer ADDRess on page 171 Test Connection Button that tests the connection If the connection has been established successfully the software returns a PASSED message If not it shows a FAILED message Figuring Out IP Addresses Each of the supported instruments logs its network connection information in a different place Find instructions on how to find out the necessary information below Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S FSQ or R amp S FSG Follow these steps to figure out GPIB or IP address of an R amp S FSQ or R amp S FSG Figuring Out the GPIB address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the GPIB softkey The R amp S FSQ FSG opens a dialog box that shows its current GPIB address Figuring Out the IP address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the Configure Network softkey _L_L___E_L_ES E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 22 Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer 4 Press the Configure Network softkey The MS Win
119. correction for On Off Power measurements on and off Parameters lt NoiseCorrection gt ON OFF CONFigure LTE 00Power NFRames lt Frames gt This command defines the number of frames that are analyzed for On Off Power meas urements Parameters lt Frames gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF OOP NFR 10 Defines 10 frames to be analyzed Configuring MIMO Measurement Setups Commands useful to configure MIMO setups described elsewhere CONFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt MIMO ASELection on page 187 CONFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt MIMO CONFig on page 187 CONFigure ACONfig lt analyzer gt ADDRESS ccecceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeaaaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesanaaaeaaenenes 171 CONFloure ACOhNfg anahyzerz IC eouence nennen nenne 172 CONFigure ACONfig analyzer NCHannels cesses nnne 172 QONFigureEE TEE NSQUFCOBS niic reete rrt eh tt PER nennen rhone e rte RR RR gs 172 CONFigure ACONfig lt analyzer gt ADDRess Address This command defines the network address of an analyzer or oscilloscope in the test setup E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 171 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands a ea er ee ee Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Parameters lt Address gt String containing the address of the analyzer Connections are possible via TCP IP or GPIB Depending on the type of connection the string has the following syntax GPIB board lt PrimaryAd
120. d NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM SERR RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only Remote Commands to Configure General Settings e Remote Commands for General Geitngs 163 e Configuring MIMO Measurement Geiupe E 171 e Using e THEGOL iced ent er cet nea etr eie bao cera seid d Reed 173 e Configuring Spectrum Measurements esses 174 e Remote Commands for Advanced Geitngs 176 Remote Commands for General Settings This chapter contains remote control commands necessary to control the general mea surement settings For more information see chapter 4 1 Configuring the Measurement on page 61 e Defining General Signal Characteristics reni casei eene eee nee cacaze dtes 163 Selecting the Input SOMEGG oec erase rer entree re haer evi d eee Pene eder S 164 e Configuring the Input Level 165 Contiquring the Data Caplure uat cete rte tt atte re eee d Eon eed ea a Pene cen n 166 e Configuring Measurement Results nnt nnneereeerernnnnn rnnr annen nennen 167 e Configuring Time Alignment Measurements A 169 e Configuring On Off Power Measurements 170 Defining General Signal Characteristics CONFiguire iL TEEDUPLexing ruris aer eeu reae n eue anten ehe nut Ser 163 eie Figure FETE LDIRG CUOM p aaa aaa ap a aa adai 164 SENSe FREQUency CENTem COGE eaaa din ai a SEA 164 CONFigure LTE DUPLexing lt Duplexing gt This command
121. d Result Displays REESEN Measuring Statistics Filtering by codeword symbols is available for constellations created after MIMO decoding e Codeword Filters the results to include only a particular codeword Filtering by codeword is available for constellations created after MIMO decoding e Location Selects the point in the signal processing at which the constellation diagram is cre ated before or after the MIMO encoding In case of spatial multiplexing symbols of different encoding schemes are merged in the MIMO encoder Thus you get a mix of different modulation alphabets When you filter these symbols to show a modulation MIXTURE you get the mixed symbols only if you have selected the Before MIMO CDMA Decoder option Note that the PHICH is CDMA encoded Thus the constellation points for the PHICH are either created before or after CDMA encoding If you have selected After MIMO CDMA Decoder filtering by Symbol and Car rier is not available The result display is updated as soon as you make the changes Note that the constellation selection is applied to all windows in split screen mode if the windows contain constellation diagrams Remote command Location CONFigure LTE DL CONS LOCation on page 132 3 6 Measuring Statistics This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the statistics of a signal esa 53 RSG IRM PPNOW ER EE 54 Alloca
122. d into the usable frequency range Note that if you turn the filter off harmonics or spurious emissions of the DUT might be in the frequency range above 36 MHz and might be missed You can turn it off for measurement bandwidths greater than 30 MHz The low pass filter is available for a baseband input source Remote command SENSe IQ LPASs STATe on page 177 Dither Adds a noise signal into the signal path of the baseband input Dithering improves the linearity of the A D converter at low signal levels or low modulation Improving the linearity also improves the accuracy of the displayed signal levels The signal has a bandwidth of 2 MHz with a center frequency of 38 93 MHz Dithering is available for a baseband input source Remote command SENSe IQ DITHer STATe on page 177 Using Advanced Input Settings The advanced input settings contain settings that configure the RF input The advanced input settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Input Settings Advanced Auto Level Track Time 100 ms For more information see Defining a Reference Level on page 64 Configuring the Digital UO Input The digital UO settings contain settings that configure the digital UO input The digital UO settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Set tings dialog box EEUU RE E T I e LLLL
123. d the Tx Antenna Selection e The contents of the Tx Antenna Selection dropdown menu change In addition to selecting a particular antenna you can let the software decide which antenna s to test and in which order gt Auto 1 Antenna etc In case of automatic detection the software analyzes the reference signal s to select the antenna s Displayed results for MIMO measurements In the default state each active result display shows the result for each input channel Thus the number of results corresponds to the Number of Input Channels you have selected For example if you have selected 4 input channels the software would show 4 Constellation Diagrams EEUU RE E E SSSR SSS User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 72 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings Configuring MIMO Measurement Setups Because this screen layout may make it difficult to read individual results you have sev eral options to increase the comfort of evaluating the results e Display one result display only gt Full screen mode e Open each result display in a separate window gt Open in Separate Window e Display the results for a particular stream of UO data only gt Antenna Selection gt General tab Note that a particular UO data stream may still contain information on several antenna ports Antenna Port Selection In the Antenna Selection dropdown menu gt General tab the software allows you to select the antenna ports whos
124. data in dBm for RF input E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 33 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Deeg Measuring the Power Over Time Capture Buffer Frame Start Offset 25 976ns Selection Antenna 1 OO PRE EERE EL EEE TERETE EE SEL EEE REOR aaa 6 8 10 Time ms Fig 3 1 Capture buffer without zoom The bar at the bottom of the diagram represents the frame that is currently analyzed Different colors indicate the OFDM symbol type e Em Indicates the data stream es Co Indicates the reference signal and data e BENE Indicates the P SYNC and data BEEN Indicates the S SYNC and data A blue vertical line at the beginning of the green bar in the Capture Buffer display repre sents the subframe start Additionally the diagram contains the Start Offset value This value is the time difference between the subframe start and capture buffer start When you zoom into the diagram you will see that the bar may be interrupted at certain positions Each small bar indicates the useful parts of the OFDM symbol S SYNC P SYNC DA 5 45 Time ms Fig 3 2 Capture buffer after a zoom has been applied to a downlink signal Remote command CALCulate lt n gt FEED PVT CBUF TRACe DATA Querying the subframe start offset FETCh SUMMary TFRame on page 139 LEE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 34 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Deeg Measuring the Power Ove
125. di itae LR dee La deno Ea dde dee 47 Measuring the Symbol Constellation eeeeeeeeeennnn nnn 51 Measuring EE EE TEE 53 Measuring Beamforming eene eene nnne en nnne innen ntes 59 Hia le 61 E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 3 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Contents 4 1 4 1 1 4 1 2 4 1 3 4 1 4 4 1 5 4 1 6 4 1 7 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 4 1 4 5 4 5 1 4 5 2 4 5 3 4 5 4 4 5 5 4 5 6 5 1 5 1 1 5 1 2 5 1 3 5 1 4 5 1 5 5 1 6 5 1 7 5 2 5 2 1 5 2 2 5 2 3 5 2 4 Configuring the MeaSureme nth csceccceseeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeneeseeeeeeseeneeseeeseeseenaeseeeeeeeeaaes 61 Defining General Signal Charactertetce nns 61 Configuring the Input 62 Configuring the Input Level 63 Configuring the Data Capture eene mener nennen 65 Configuring Measurement Results nennen 67 Configuring Time Alignment Measurements enn 69 Configuring Transmit On Off Power Measurements sse 70 Configuring MIMO Measurement Setups eene enne 71 Triggering Measurements sees eene eene nrnnn nennen nnne nnn 74 E E dE ue D 75 Configuring SEM and ACLR Measurements eee 75 Advanced Settings 1 eere ciere renim re tnnt ne tha amne rena inn on ek naa innen ek uns 76 Controlling VO Data 77 Configuring the Baseband Input 77 Using Advanced Input Gettngs emen 78 Configuring the Digital UO Input 78 Configuring Home Base Sta
126. djustment state is still not adjusted To find out what causes the synchronization failure you should perform a regular EVM measurement i e leave the ON OFF Power measurement Then you can use all the measurement results like EVM vs Carrier to get more detailed information about the failure The timing adjustment will succeed if the Sync State in the header is OK Using a R amp S FSQ or R amp S FSG it is recommended to use the external trigger mode since for high power signals a successful synchronization is not guaranteed under certain cir cumstances Pressing the Run Single hotkey starts the averaging of the traces of the number of frames given in the General Settings dialog After performing all sweeps the table in the upper half of the screen shows if the measurements pass or fail User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 124 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Overview of Remote Command Suffixes Remote Commands When working via remote control note that you have to establish a connection between your remote scripting tool and the software Because the software runs directly on the PC and not an R amp S instrument you have to connect the remote scripting tool to your PC and not an instrument 1 Start the software 2 Ifyou want to capture I Q data from an analyzer connect the software to that analyzer 3 Start the remote scripting tool e g Matlab on the PC 4 Connect the remote scripting tool to the local h
127. dows Network Connections dialog box opens 5 Select the Local Area Connection item The Local Area Connection Status dialog box opens 6 Select the Support tab The Support tab shows the current TCP IP information of the R amp S FSQ 4 Local Area Connection Status 2 3 2 2 Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S FSV or R amp S FSVR Follow these steps to figure out the GPIB or IP address of an R amp S FSV or R amp S FSVR Figuring Out the GPIB address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the GPIB softkey 4 Press the GPIB Address softkey The R amp S FSV R opens a dialog box that shows its current GPIB address GPIB Address gt 4 Figuring Out the IP address 1 Press the SETUP key Press the General Setup softkey Press the Network Address softkey Boo N Press the IP Address softkey The R amp S FSV R opens a dialog box that contains information about the LAN con nection R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome O recrear Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer 4 Current Network Parameters DHCP Mode Actual DHCP Network Settings 10 114 11 36 current IP Address assigned by DHCP 255 255 0 0 current Subnet Mask assigned by DHCP Cancel 2 3 2 3 Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S FSW Follow these steps to figure out the GPIB or IP address of an R amp S FSW Figuring Out the GPIB address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the Network
128. dress gt lt SecondaryAddress gt INSTR TCPIP board HostAddress lt LANDeviceName gt INSTR Elements in square brackets are optional Example CONF ACON ADDR TCPIP 192 168 0 1 Defines a TCP IP connection for the first analyzer in the test setup CONF ACON ADDR GPIB 28 Defines a GPIB connection for the first analyzer in the test setup CONFigure ACONfig analyzer ICSequence lt ICSequence gt This command defines the sequence in which the oscilloscope channels are accessed Parameters lt ICSequence gt String containing a sequence of four numbers between 1 and 4 Each number represents an input channel Example CONF ACON ICS 1 3 2 4 Defines the sequence for an oscilloscope with four channels The channels are subsequently accessed in the order 1 gt 3 2 4 CONFigure ACONfig lt analyzer gt NCHannels lt NCHannels gt This command defines the number of oscilloscope channels you want to use Parameters lt NCHannels gt 1 2 3 4 The maximum number you can select depends on the number of channels of the oscilloscope you are using Example CONF ACON NCH 2 Defines a measurement on 2 channels CONFigure LTE NSOurces lt Channels gt This command selects the number of input channels you are using to capture several streams of UO data Parameters lt Channels gt 1 21418 ASEL Number of channels is the same as the number of Tx antennas in the test setup CONFigure LTE DL CC
129. e k subcarrier index OFDM symbol index Neer length of FFT Ng number of samples in cyclic prefix guard interval Ns number of Nyquist samples Noe number of resource elements n subchannel index subframe index Nik noise sample common phase error r i received sample in the time domain E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 112 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurement Basics n a ee ed 8 2 8 3 1 Overview To uo Pu received sample uncompensated partially compen sated equalized in the frequency domain T useful symbol time Tg guard time T symbol time Overview The digital signal processing DSP involves several stages until the software can present results like the EVM Data Capture E UTRA LTE downlink Channel estimation equalization measurement application Analysis The contents of this chapter are structered like the DSP The LTE Downlink Analysis Measurement Application The block diagram in figure 8 1 shows the EUTRA LTE downlink measurement applica tion from the capture buffer containing the UO data to the actual analysis block The outcome of the fully compensated reference path green are the estimates u of the transmitted data symbols au Depending on the user defined compensation the received samples lu of the measurement path yellow still contain the transmitted signal impair ments of interest The analysis block r
130. e place they are also changed in the other ERREUR RE E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 90 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings 5 2 4 Defining Downlink Signal Characteristics For more information see MIMO Configuration on page 72 Configuring PDSCH Subframes The software allows you to configure individual subframes that are used to carry the information of the PDSCH The PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel primarily carries all general user data It therefore takes up most of the space in a radio frame If you turn Auto Demodulation on the software automatically determines the subframe configuration for the PDSCH In the default state automatic configuration is on Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics PDSCH Subframe Configuration Configurable Subframes 1 Selected Subframe 0 e Used Allocations 4 Every LTE frame FDD and TDD contains 10 subframes Each downlink subframe con sists of one or more resource allocations The software shows the contents for each subframe in the configuration table In the configuration table each row corresponds to one allocation ID Code Modulation Enhanced VRB Number Offset RhoA N RNTI Word Settings Gap of RB RB Power dB 0 174 1604M si 0 4 6 Q 1 10 1604M v zz 2 10 0 2 14 1604M gt 0 4 0 0 3 1H 180AM v z 2 4 0 Subframe configuration errors If there are any errors or
131. e ACOhNfo analyzer ADDbess nennen neret neeenretnnre etn etnns sete r trs innen CONFigure ACONfig lt analyzer gt IC SEQUENCE ccccceeeeneeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeceaeeeseeaaeesecaeeeeseeaeeeseneeeeseneeeeeee CONFigure ACONfig analyzer NCHannels sse eene nennen nennen nnne nn nnn n rentre nnn eje eeem E ata EE EE CONFioure POWer Evbeched IO analvzerz nennen nennen nennt nnn ee trente innneis CONFigure POWer EXPected RF lt analyzer gt CONFigure PRES6t 2 e ere eti tc ee een eee ed eg bo aue dede eebe dese CONFigure ETEEDEBE AD eegend CONFigure ETEEFDE CONS EOQGCaltion a cot oreet ier efie beider re re ee act edge a Pesado iere as migusHpEe cie e CONFigure ETETDE GCSIRS NAP tete ottica rie Dor b Aa De Rete eee CONFigure LTE DL CSIRs OPDSch CONFigure LTE DL CSIRS POW fir 1 1 trn EENS EENS nee Aion aie CONFigure ETEEDE GSIRS SCL iieri ert tee sarees ur spe tare ev erbe quac aper Feb e de dac dan duod CONFigure ETETDE CSIRS STATO Iti netu iate peo donnent drug eaae e e Ua etui i dae d o EE att UR Du REI ET CONFigure L TE DL MIMO CROSStalk essere nennen erret n nnne EET RE N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 204 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC List of Commands El Tatta REI Ve RRE 199 CONFig re ETEEDEPBGEESTAT ierit te pec aaa it ERE EE E HEADS ERR EEE FER 197 CONFigure ETETF
132. e eg 101 PRB symbol offset 100 P SYNC relative power 96 Ref Level e 64 relative power 96 Scrambling of coded bits 85 Selected Subframe 91 SOURCE 5 irri 63 S SYNC relative power 96 Standard sss 61 Swap UO TT TDD UL DL Allocations 88 Timing eS 84 Trigger level 74 Trigger mode 74 Bio ego TT 74 Used Allocations riisiin tna nans 91 Signal TOW itt rtr tr irt terree rennes 54 Softkey n e EEN 52 Software license Source INput EE Spectrum mask Standard Selection 42 01 Status E 26 Subframe Configuration Table sssssssss 91 Subframe Error 91 Uere 77 T TDD UL DL Allocations eee 88 EI allo Te EOF RR RR REED 84 Title Bar zs Tigger level eR 74 Tigger le TE 74 Tigger ofset SEDE OE 74 U UE Specific RS Weights Magnitude 59 UE Specific RS Weights Phase 60 Used Allocatioris rre rb tne deren 91 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 210
133. e identifies which antennas transmit the cell specific reference signals and selects them for the measurement The antenna you have selected is also the reference antenna for Time Alignment meas urements Note that the DUT MIMO Configuration and the Tx Antenna Selection are the same as in the Downlink Signal Characteristics tab gt Demod Settings if you change them in one place they are also changed in the other For more information on MIMO measurements see chapter 8 4 MIMO Measurement Guide on page 116 The Num of Input Channels defines the number of UO streams to capture The soft ware allows you to record up to 8 I Q data streams You can capture the data from oscil loscope s or spectrum analyzer s or a combination of both Depending on the number of input channels you have selected the software adjusts the size of the Analyzer Configuration table Note Time Alignment measurements with more than one carrier gt Carrier Aggrega tion also expand the size of the table because more than one analyzer is necessary for this task The number of input channels you have selected also affects the contents of the Antenna Selection dropdown menu gt General Settings tab A description is pro vided below Antenna Port Selection Selecting the From Antenna Selection menu item has the following effects e The number of used input channels depends on the number of antennas gt MIMO Configuration an
134. e limit check has passed or failed The x axis represents the frequency with a frequency span that relates to the specified EUTRA LTE channel bandwidths On the y axis the power is plotted in dBm The result display also contains some numerical results for the SEM measurement for example the total signal power or the limit check result User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 44 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays ng the Spectrum Emission Mask Limit Check Category Abee Detector VEM ente al pre hat m Vr arp Aw RET NM 990 995 1005 1010 1015 A table above the result display contains the numerical values for the limit check at each check point Start Stop Freq Rel Shows the start and stop frequency of each section of the Spectrum Mask relative to the center frequency RBW Shows the resolution bandwidth of each section of the Spectrum Mask Freq at A to Limit Shows the absolute frequency whose power measurement being closest to the limit line for the corresponding frequency segment Power Abs Shows the absolute measured power of the frequency whose power is closest to the limit The software evaluates this value for each frequency segment Power Rel Shows the distance from the measured power to the limit line at the frequency whose power is closest to the limit The software evaluates this value for each frequency segment A to Limit Shows the minimal distance of the tolerance
135. e manual selection of the number of frames to capture and analyze on and off If the overall frame count is active you can define a particular number of frames to capture and analyze The measurement runs until all required frames have been analyzed even if it takes more than one sweep The results are an average of the captured frames If the overall frame count is inactive the software analyzes all complete LTE frames currently in the capture buffer Remote command SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt STATe on page 167 Number of Frames to Analyze Sets the number of frames that you want to capture and analyze If the number of frames you have set last longer than a single sweep the software con tinues the measurement until all frames have been captured The parameter is read only if e the overall frame count is inactive e the data is captured according to the standard Remote command SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt on page 167 Auto According to Standard Turns automatic selection of the number of frames to capture and analyze on and off If active the software evaluates the number of frames as defined for EVM tests in the LTE standard If inactive you can set the number of frames you want to analyze This parameter is not available if the overall frame count is inactive Remote command SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt AUTO on page 167 ERREUR RE E n User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 66 R amp S FS K10
136. e number of UC _L____L____E S SS 1 e A LAALLLLLLLLLLLLILZIE J User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 19 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome REESEN Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer data streams you want to measure The analyzers have to be connected to each other with one analyzer controlling the other instruments by providing the trigger If you use an oscilloscope the number of required instruments depends on the number of channels available on the oscilloscope e General Instrument Configuration iiie reiner eniac eere rh RR d rn rere nna 20 e Instrument Connection Configuration centena 21 2 3 1 1 General Instrument Configuration The general analyzer or oscilloscope configuration determines the general MIMO setup The purpose of the general MIMO setup is to assign an analyzer or oscilloscope channel to a particular UO data stream For successful measurements you have to configure each instrument individually in the Analyzer Configuration table The number of table rows depends on the number of input channels you have selected Analyzer Configuration Chernel VISA RSC puel d there 1 Master LOCALHOST 3 1 2 2 3 3 Fi BR Input Channel Shows the number of the analyzer in the test setup or the channel number of an oscillo scope If you are using several instruments the first input channel always represents the con trolling master instrument VISA RSC Opens a d
137. e results are shown Antenna port selection is possible only after the UO data has been already captured The contents of the dropdown menu depend on several parameters the MIMO configuration 1 2 or 4 antenna the antenna selected for analysis the number of input channels the state of the CSI reference signal the state of the positioning reference signal The mapping of antenna ports to antenna is done by the software Antennas that transmit a cell specific reference signal APO AP3 are labeled Tx1 to Tx4 All other antennas are labeled Tx BF beamforming Each menu item covers one or more antenna ports The antenna ports are added and removed by the following rules e Antenna Port 0 3 APO AP3 Available for analysis of antennas 1 to 4 e Antenna Port 4 AP4 Analysis currently not supported e Antenna Port 6 AP6 Available for analysis if the Positioning Reference Signal is present e Antenna Port 7 14 AP7 AP 14 Available for analysis of UE specific references e Antenna Port 15 22 AP15 AP22 Available for analysis if the CSI Reference Signal is present Remote command DUT MIMO configuration CONFigure LTE DL CC cci MIMO CONFig on page 187 TX antenna selection CONFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt MIMO ASELection on page 187 Number of input channels CONFigure LTE NSOurces on page 172 UO data stream selection SENSe LTE SOURce SELect on page 169 MIMO
138. e the control channel region of the secondary component carrier is longer than the PDSCH start offset you have defined for the primary carrier PDSCH resource elements might be overwritten by the resource elements of the control channel Note that the bit stream result displays labels these resource element with a sign Remote command See chapter 9 8 2 4 Configuring PDSCH Subframes on page 188 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics The downlink advanced signal characteristics contain settings that describe the detailed structure of a downlink LTE signal You can find the advanced signal characteristics in the Demod Settings dialog box e Configuring the Synchronization Signal 95 e Configuring the Reference Slgrnal rrr orte eig aine ha inniinn 96 e Configuring Positioning Reference Gonals AAA 96 e Configuring Channel State Information Reference Signal 98 e Defining the PDSCH Resource Block Symbol Offset eese 100 e Configuring the Control Channels EE 100 e Configuring the Shared Channel 103 Configuring the Synchronization Signal The synchronization signal settings contain settings to describe the physical attributes and structure of the synchronization signal The synchronization signal settings are part of the Downlink Advanced Signal Charac teristics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink
139. e this until the next data block starts or the end of data is reached 0 12 0 2 32 03 02 03 03 03 03 O1 03 00 03 9 6 1 5 Capture Buffer For the Capture Buffer result display the command returns one value for each UO sample in the capture buffer absolute power The unit is always dBm The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 9 6 1 6 CCDF For the CCDF result display the type of return values depends on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns the probability values y axis f of values probability The unit is always 96 The first value that is returned is the number of the following values e TRACE2 Returns the corresponding power levels x axis lt of values relative power The unit is always dB The first value that is returned is the number of the following values 9 6 1 7 Channel Decoder Results For the Channel Decoder Results the number and type of return values depend on the parameter e PBCH Returns the results for the PBCH if PBCH decoding or CRC check was successful The results are made up out of six values User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 144 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands i M QM OO OYKee s Remote Commands to Read Trace Data lt subframe gt 4 of antennas system bandwidth frame lt PHICH duration PHICH resource The unit for system ba
140. ecoder BMD Before the MIMO decoder RST BMD Example CONF DL CONS LOC AMD Use data from after the MIMO decoder RETE RU SSS User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 132 9 5 Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results CONFigure LTE DL BF AP lt Port gt This command selects the antenna port for beamforming measurements The availabilty of ports depends on the number of transmit antennas and number of beamforming layers Parameters lt Port gt AP_5 7 Antenna port 5 7 AP_8 Antenna port 8 AP_9 Antenna port 9 AP_10 Antenna port 10 Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results al Ree TE Lu EEN 134 FETCh SUMMary CRE SEMINO 2 coire oL econe oti Eon eoe sere e Lee iram AE See 134 FETON SUMM CRESIPAVER amp aUS 2 epe ao dete RR eh eue hne iens 134 FE TCh SUMMarv EVMI AL LrMANimum enne nennen rere neni nnns 134 FETChSUMMan EVMEAELEMINITU ia iia edat otn tese eet ae cua Eres 134 FETCh SUMMary EVMEALL EAVERage enceinte toten eec 134 FETCHSUMMary EVM DSP MAXIMUM Z nennen nnns anaa nnn nennt 135 FETCh SUMMangEVNEDSOP IMINIOYIG a tac desta braun desc ue Brauerei tace zuo 135 FETCh SUMMary EVMIBSOPEAVERage rrt reet rh iade ved arae iae 135 FETCh SUMMary EVMIDSST MBXIBIBIFI uae cuui rnnt nee axe nne denen eg 135 FE TCh SUMMarv EVM DSST MiNimum nennen nnne rte en nnns 135 FETCh SUMMany EVMIDSST AVERage 22 2 5 211217 erar rte e redeo sk pR aen eR
141. ection of the cell ID turn the Auto function on Before it can establish a connection the user equipment must synchronize to the radio cell it is in For this purpose two synchronization signals are transmitted on the downlink These two signals are reference signals whose content is defined by the Physical Layer Identity and the Cell Identity Group The first signal is one of 3 possible Zadoff Chu sequences The sequence that is used is defined by the physical layer identity It is part of the P SYNC The second signal is one of 168 unique sequences The sequence is defined by the cell identity group This sequence is part of the S SYNC In addition to the synchronization information the cell ID also determines e the cyclic shifts for PCFICH PHICH and PDCCH mapping e the frequency shifts of the reference signal The software shows the currently selected cell ID in the header table CP Cell ID Remote command Cell ID CONFigure LTE DL CC cci PLC CID on page 185 Cell Identity Group CONFigure LTE DL CC cci PLC CIDGroup on page 186 FETCh CC cci PLC CIDGroup on page 186 Identity CONFigure LTE DL CC cci PLC PLID on page 186 FETCh CC cci PLC PLID on page 187 Configuring MIMO Measurements The DUT MIMO Configuration and the Tx Antenna Selection are the same as in the Analyzer Config MIMO Setup tab General Settings if you change them in on
142. ee 127 E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 5 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Contents 9 2 5 9 3 9 4 9 5 9 6 9 6 1 9 6 2 9 7 9 7 1 9 7 2 9 7 3 9 7 4 9 7 5 9 8 9 8 1 9 8 2 9 8 3 9 9 9 10 SCP Parameterss sci EE 128 Remote Commands to Select a Result Display eene 130 Remote Commands to Perform Measurements eene 131 Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results eene 133 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data eeeeeeeeeeeeenn n 140 Using the TRACe DATA Commande 140 Reading Out Limit Check Resuhts sse 154 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings eese 163 Remote Commands for General Gettnges 163 Configuring MIMO Measurement Geiups sess eee 171 Using a Hate e 173 Configuring Spectrum Measurement cccccececcneeeeeeeeecnnee eee eccneeeeeeetiieeeeeeeeiaeeeeeee 174 Remote Commands for Advanced Gettnmgs 176 Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation 179 Remote Commands for PDSCH Demodulation Geittngs 179 Remote Commands for DL Signal Charachertsttce 183 Remote Commands for DL Advanced Signal Characteristics 192 Configuring the Software eseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee nennen nennen nennen nnn nnne nnn 201 Managing Files torino rrr rte nete aE aAa NASARA 202 CN
143. eeceeeeseeezece eene ee kann ect ntes 33 e Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM eene 39 e Measuring Kine D DEE 44 e Measuring the Symbol Constellation eese 51 e Measuring Gtattstce E 53 e Measuring E ut e e DEE 59 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 30 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Numerical Results 3 1 Numerical Results Result Summary The Result Summary shows all relevant measurement results in numerical form com bined in one table gt Press the Display List Graph softkey so that the List element turns green to view the Result Summary SCPI command DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TABLe on page 131 Contents of the result summary Result Summary Selection Antenna 1 Mean Mean Limit Max Max Limit 123 97 O a 9g e impe cmm rem cm e EN EM RN RN RN RN Lom cem ee The table is split in two parts The first part shows results that refer to the complete frame For each result the minimum mean and maximum values are displayed It also indicates limit check results where available The font of Pass results is green and that of Fail results is red By default the software checks the limits defined by the standard You can also import customized limits In that case the software evaluates those limits instead of the prede fined ones For more information see chapter 7 3 Importing and Exporting Limits on page 110
144. elements carrying infor mation from higher layers PDSCH PBCH or PDCCH for example are physical channels For more information see 3GPP 36 211 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage on page 136 Shows the EVM for all physical signal resource elements in the analyzed frame The reference signal for example is a physical signal For more information see 3GPP 36 211 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage on page 136 Shows the difference in the measured center frequency and the reference center frequency FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERage on page 136 Shows the difference in measured symbol clock and reference symbol clock relative to the system sampling rate FETCh SUMMary SERRor AVERage on page 139 Shows the power at spectral line 0 normalized to the total transmitted power FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage on page 137 Shows the logarithm of the gain ratio of the Q channel to the I channel FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage on page 137 Shows the measure of the phase angle between Q channel and I channel devi ating from the ideal 90 degrees FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage on page 138 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 32 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Deg 3 2 Measuring the Power Over Time RSTP Shows the reference signal transmit power as defined in 3GPP TS 36 141 It is required for the DL RS Power test It is an average power and accumulates the power
145. eneral Set tings dialog box For more information on advanced input configuration see chapter 4 5 Advanced Set tings on page 76 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 62 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings Configuring the Measurement General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Input Source RF X Selec ng the Input re TEE 63 Selecting the Input Source The input source selects the source of the data you d like to analyze You can either analyze a live signal or a signal that has been recorded previously and whose charac teristics have been saved to a file You can select the input source from the Source dropdown menu e RF Captures and analyzes the data from the RF input of the spectrum analyzer in use e Baseband BB Captures and analyzes the data from the baseband input of the spectrum analyzer in use Note that you have to use an analyzer that supports analog baseband input if you select that input source e Digital UO Captures and analyzes the data from the digital baseband input of the spectrum ana lyzer in use Note that you have to use an analyzer that supports digital baseband input if you select that input source e File Analyzes data that has been recorded already and has been saved to a file If selected the software asks you to select a file from a dialog box after you have initiated a measurement If the file contents are not valid or the file could not be found the software sh
146. enna This command selects the antenna for measurements with MIMO setups In case of Time Alignment measurements the command selects the reference antenna Parameters Antenna ANT1 ANT2 ANT3 ANTA Select a single antenna to be analyzed ALL Select all antennas to be analyzed AUT1 AUT2 AUT4 Automatically selects the antenna s to be analyzed AUT 1 tests a single antenna AUT2 tests two antennas AUT4 tests four antennas Available if the number of input channels is taken From Antenna Selection AUTO Automatically selects the antenna s to be analyzed RST ANT1 CONFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt MIMO CONFig lt NofAntennas gt This command sets the number of antennas in the MIMO setup User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 187 9 8 2 4 Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation Parameters lt NofAntennas gt TX1 Use one Tx antenna TX2 Use two Tx antennas TX4 Use four Tx antennas RST TX1 Example CONF DL MIMO CONF TX2 TX configuration with two antennas is selected Configuring PDSCH Subframes Eli Lee Hr E Nee 188 CONFiourell TED SUBtrame subframez AL Coumt 188 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt GAP cssssssecessseeeeeeeeeees 189 CONFigure L TE DL SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc allocation UEID esses 189 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt C W lt Cwnum gt leie M
147. es 181 SENSe LTE DL DEMod BESTimation State This command turns boosting estimation for downlink signals on and off Parameters State ON OFF RST ON Example DL DEM BEST ON Turns boosting estimation on SENSe LTE DL DEMod CESTimation lt Type gt This command selects the channel estimation type for downlink signals Parameters lt Type gt TGPP 3GPP EVM definition PIL Optimal pilot only PILP Optimal pilot and payload RST TGPP Example DL DEM CEST TGPP Use 3GPP EVM definition for channel estimation 9 8 1 4 Compensating Measurement Errors SENSe L TE DL TRACking PHASe ecce tette tentent ttis 181 SENSe L TE DL TRACking TIME eccentric 182 SENSe LTE DL TRACking PHASe Type This command selects the phase tracking type for downlink signals Parameters Type OFF Deactivate phase tracking PIL Pilot only PILP Pilot and payload RST OFF User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 181 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands DEE Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation Example DL TRAC PHAS PILPAY Use pilots and payload for phase tracking SENSe L TE DL TRACking TIME State This command turns timing tracking for downlink signals on and off Parameters State ON OFF RST OFF Example DL TRAC TIME ON Activates timing tracking 9 8 1 5 Configuring EVM Measurements E TE ad ee ee Ter 182 SE
148. es the EVM of all physical signal resource elements Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average EVM depending on the last com mand syntax element The unit is or dB depending on your selection Example FETC SUMM EVM PSIG Returns the mean value Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary FERRor MAXimum FETCh SUMMary FERRor MINimum FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERage This command queries the frequency error Return values lt FreqError gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average frequency error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit Hz Example FETC SUMM FERR Returns the average frequency error in Hz Usage Query only E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 136 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands i a As y Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MAXimum FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MINimum FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage This command queries the UO gain imbalance Return values lt Gainlmbalance gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average UO imbalance depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dB Example FETC SUMM GIMB Returns the current gain imbalance in dB Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MAXimum FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MINimum FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage
149. eveals these impairments by comparing the refer ence and the measurement path Prior to the analysis diverse synchronization and channel estimation tasks have to be accomplished Synchronization The first of the synchronization tasks is to estimate the OFDM symbol timing which coarsely estimates both timing and carrier frequency offset The frame synchronization block determines the position of the P S Sync symbols in time and frequency by using the coarse fractional frequency offset compensated capture buffer and the timing esti mate eoarse to position the window of the FFT If no P S Sync is available in the signal the reference signal is used for synchronization The fine timing block prior to the FFT allows a timing improvement and makes sure that the EVM window is centered on the measured cyclic prefix of the considered OFDM symbol For the 3GPP EVM calculation according to 3GPP TS 36 211 v8 9 0 the block window produces three signals taken at the timing offsets t 41 and 5 For the reference path only the signal taken at the timing offset A is used REEL N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 113 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurement Basics The LTE Downlink Analysis Measurement Application lI Q data capture Frequency su MEN FFT _ Subcarrier 1 compensation selection buffer n p H TREA Frame mg synchronisation estimation boarse Lass k reference path H d e line measurement path Fi
150. ff Parameters State ON OFF RST ON Example DL DEM AUTO ON Activates the auto demodulation for DL SENSe LTE DL FORMat PSCD Format This command selects the method of identifying the PDSCH resource allocation Parameters Format OFF Applies the user configuration of the PDSCH subframe regardless of the signal characteristics PDCCH Identifies the configuration according to the data in the PDCCH DCls PHYDET Manual PDSCH configuration analysis only if the actual subframe configuration matches the configured one Automatic PDSCH configuration physical detection of the config uration RST PHYD Example DL FORM PSCD OFF Applies the user configuration and does not check the received signal Configuring Multicarrier Base Stations ISENS amp SIEETEEDE DEMOd MGPIBE 2 nai too tnu on nnn aao tae penu nah qnaa ener ta raus 180 SENSe LTE DL DEMod MCFilter State This command turns suppression of interfering neighboring carriers on and off e g LTE WCDMA GSM etc Parameters State ON OFF RST OFF Example DL DEM MCF ON Turns suppression on of neighboring carriers on T User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 180 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands DEE Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation 9 8 1 3 Configuring Parameter Estimation ISENSeIEETEEDIEDEMGGBESTIWAlIOU a redeo ead nn dn pee ee unte rae EE emendo 181 ISENSeILTELDL DEMod CESTimeton tnter tent
151. for a PDSCH allocation that uses Beamforming UE spec RS as the precoding method The second entry shows the measurement results of the UE specific reference signal Remote command CALCulate lt n gt FEED STAT ASUM TRACe DATA Bit Stream Starts the Bit Stream result display This result display shows the demodulated data stream for each data allocation Depend ing on the Bit Stream Format the numbers represent either bits bit order or symbols symbol order Selecting symbol format shows the bit stream as symbols In that case the bits belonging to one symbol are shown as hexadecimal numbers with two digits In the case of bit format each number represents one raw bit Symbols or bits that are not transmitted are represented by a EEUU EE E SSSR User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 55 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays m p M M M Qa J Measuring Statistics If a symbol could not be decoded because the number of layers exceeds the number of receive antennas the application shows a sign This is also the case if PDSCH resource elements are overwritten for any reason For more information see Overwrite PDSCH and Selecting the Precoding Scheme Bit Stream Allocation Code Modulation Bit Stream ID word PBCH 1 1 01 0 3 02 02 01 00 m PBCH 1 1 6 2 0 02 03 0 PBCH 1 1 PBCH 1 1 PBCH
152. g the Input Level SENSej POWer AUTO analyzet STAT a i tere erede eee edie ae 165 CONFigure POWer EXPected RE analyzerz nennen nnne 165 CONFloure POWerENbeched lO analvzerz nnii didia ii iaire daeina i diana 166 INPUtsn AT Ten atonsanalyZer gt ii aT E EE E EENAA EERTE 166 DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet 0 ccceceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeees 166 SENSe POWer AUTO lt analyzer gt STATe lt State gt This command initiates a measurement that determines the ideal reference level Parameters lt State gt OFF Performs no automatic reference level detection ON Performs an automatic reference level detection before each mea surement ONCE Performs an automatic reference level once RST ON Example POW AUTO2 ON Activate auto level for analyzer number 2 CONFigure POWer EXPected RF lt analyzer gt lt RefLevel gt This command defines the reference level when the input source is RF Parameters lt RefLevel gt RST 30 dBm Default unit DBM Example CONF POW EXP RF3 20 Sets the radio frequency reference level used by analyzer 3 to 20 dBm eee User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 165 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands a i a Remote Commands to Configure General Settings CONFigure POWer EXPected IQ analyzer lt RefLevel gt This command defines the reference level when the input source is baseband Parameters lt RefLevel gt lt numeric value gt
153. ge RESuIt eee 159 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXimum RESUult sene 160 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage RESUIt eee 160 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MAXimum RESUlt eese 160 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage RESUIt eee 160 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM ALL MAXimum RESult CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage RESUIt eee 158 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary FERRor MAXimum RESUlt eene 161 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary FERRor AVERage RESUIE essen 161 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary GIMBalance MAXimum RESUult essen 161 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage RESUIE seen 161 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary IQOFfset MAXimum RESult CAL Culate nzLlMitcks GUlMMan IOOFisel AVERaoelREGu 162 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum RESUlt eese 162 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary QUADerror AVERage RESUIE eee 162 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary SERRor MAXimum RESUIt esee 162 CAlCulate cnzLUlMitczksGUlMMarv GERRotAVERaoel RE GO 162 CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt FUNCtion POWer RESult CURRent CONFiour
154. ge 176 4 5 2 Configuring the Baseband Input The baseband settings contain settings that configure the baseband input The baseband settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Set tings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Baseband Settings Input High Impedance E Input Balanced E Input Lowpass n Input Dithering IT High ue EE 77 zie d onian AR E E EET 7T LON C MM 78 DENO A ee 78 High Impedance Selects the impedance of the baseband input By default high impedance is off the impedance is 50 Q If you turn the high impedance on the impedance changes to 1 kO or 1 MQ depending on the configuration of the analyzer High impedance is available for a baseband input source Remote command INPut IQ IMPedance on page 177 Balanced Turns symmetric or balanced input on and off User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 TT R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings 4 5 3 4 5 4 Advanced Settings If active a ground connection is not necessary If you are using an assymetrical unbal anced setup the ground connection runs through the shield of the coaxial cable that is used to connect the DUT Balancing is available for a baseband input source Remote command INPut IQ BALanced STATe on page 177 Low Pass Turns an anti aliasing low pass filter on and off The filter has a cut off frequency of 36 MHz and prevents frequencies above from being mixe
155. he MIMO pre coding implementation Because of the bad EVM values it is not recommended to use this test setup to measure hardware performance EET REO M User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 118 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurement Basics MIMO Measurement Guide I tl 191 8 as X x x x u ai e RN ZI Me ws TC D Rl X a3 x x x x nt e ese 1 1 X 1X bai E 2 1 se 3 1 1 4 14 gt 2 x X x ME x x A J WE SE ISI RR E a MM A p x x x x nt K e P d A Fig 8 3 Constellation diagram Dp tenter ee Cre MA ERE a semen he TS zw Ot A Fig 8 4 EVM vs OFDM symbol number 8 4 1 2 Performing MIMO Measurements with a Trigger Unit In MIMO test scenarios you get the best results when all analyzers in the test setup simultaneously start to record the UO data The trigger unit R amp S FS Z11 is a tool that makes sure that the measurement starts on all analyzers master and slaves atthe same time Connecting the trigger unit to the analyzers gt Connect the NOISE SOURCE output of the master analyzer to the NOISE SOURCE CONTROL input of the trigger unit gt Connect the EXT TRIG inputs of all analyzers master and slaves to the TRIG OUT 1 to 4 or 1 and 2 in case of measurements on two antennas of the trigger unit The order is irrelevant i e it would be no problem if you connect the master analyzer to the TRIG OUT 2 of the trigger unit With this setup all analyzers including the master analyzer
156. he PDCCH format Parameters Format 1 0 1 2 3 RST 1 Example CONF DL PDCCH FORM 0 Sets the PDDCH format to 0 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 198 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands a a ee Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation CONFigure LTE DL PHICh MITM lt State gt This command includes or excludes the use of the PHICH special setting for enhanced test models Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF DL PHIC MITM ON Activates PHICH TDD m_i 1 E TM CONFigure LTE DL PHICh NOGRoups lt NofGroups gt This command sets the number of PHICH groups Parameters lt NofGroups gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF DL PHIC NOGR 5 Sets number of PHICH groups to 5 CONFigure LTE DL PDCCh NOPD lt NofPDCCH gt This command sets the number of PDCCHs Parameters lt NofPDCCH gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF DL PDCCH NOPD 3 Sets the number of DPCCHs to 3 CONFigure LTE DL PBCH POWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of the PBCH Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL PBCH POW 1 1 Sets the relative power to 1 1 dB CONFigure L TE DL PCFich POWer Power This command defines the relative power of the PCFICH T User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 199 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 8 3 6 Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation
157. he second codeword of alloca tion 5 in subframe 2 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt POWer Power This command defines the relative power of an allocation in a downlink subframe Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL5 POW 1 3 Defines a relative power of 1 3 dB for allocation 5 in subframe 2 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PRECoding AP lt Port gt This command selects the antenna port for the beamforming scheme The command is available if the codeword to layer mapping is 1 1 Parameters lt Port gt 5 7 8 Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL3 PREC AP 5 Selects antenna port 5 for beamforming in allocation 3 in subframe 2 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PRECoding CBINdex lt CBIndex gt This command selects the codebook index for an allocation with spatial multiplexing pre coding scheme Parameters CBIndex 0 15 RST 1 Example CONF DL SUBF2 ALL4 PREC CBIN 3 Selects codebook index 3 for allocation 4 in subframe number 2 CONFigure LTE DL SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc lt allocation gt PRECoding CLMapping lt Mapping gt This command selects the codeword to layer mapping Parameters lt Mapping gt LC11 LC21 LC31 LC41 LC22 LC32 LC42 LC52 LC62 LC72 LC82 I User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 190 R amp S
158. heme for the corresponding allocation The modulation scheme for the PDSCH is either QPSK 16QAM or 64QAM Enhanced Settings For more information see Selecting the Precoding Scheme on page 94 VRB Gap Turns the use of virtual resource blocks VRB on and off The standard defines two types of VRBs Localized VRBs and distributed VRBs While localized VRBs have a direct mapping to the PRBs distributed VRBs result in a better frequency diversity Three values of VRB gap are allowed 0 Localized VRBs are used 1 Distributed VRBs are used and the first gap is applied 2 Distributed VRBs are used and the second gap is applied for channel band widths gt 50 resource blocks The second gap has a smaller size compared to the first gap If on the VRB Gap determines the distribution and mapping of the VRB pairs to the physical resource blocks PRB pairs The distribution of the VRBs is performed in a way that consecutive VRBs are spread over the frequencies and are not mapped to PRBs whose frequencies are next to RETE RA E AE e LLLLI LLLLLEL User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 92 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings REESEN Defining Downlink Signal Characteristics each other Each VRB pair is split into two parts which results in a frequency gap between the two VRB parts This method corresponds to frequency hopping on a slot basis The information whether localized or distributed VRBs are applied is carr
159. ial number when you order a new license 1 Start the software without a connected dongle 2 Press the SETUP key 3 Press the Dongle License Info softkey The software opens the Rohde amp Schwarz License Information dialog box Rohde amp Schwarz License Information Jie Detected Smartcard s Card Name Material Serial Device ID MAC Chip ID 1 FSPC 1310 0002k02 100063 1310 0002K02 100068 Na 204AD50F2D44 Available Options Card Option Created Option Type Licenses Validity P Used keycode 1 FS K130PC 2011 09 22 08 28 Permanent 1 permanent 08113691 7622005249260395431 512 1 FS KS6PC 2011 09 22 08 28 Permanent 1 permanent 395057444509254062060722725161 Check Licenses Enter License Key Code Process License File OK IDLE DLL version 2 1 20 0 _ 4 Connect the smartcard dongle to the computer User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 18 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome 2 2 2 3 2 3 1 Installing the Software 5 Press the Check Licenses button The software shows all current licenses The serial number which is necessary to know if you need a license is shown in the Serial column The Device ID also contains the serial number 6 To enter a new license code press the Enter License Key Code button Installing the Software For information on the installation procedure see the release notes of the software Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer In order to be able
160. ialized to create a time domain signal Not shown in figure 1 3 is the process of cyclic prefix insertion N T symbols sec QAM j prom Useful OFDM Capea Fig 1 3 OFDM Signal Generation Chain QAM symbol rate In contrast to an OFDM transmission scheme OFDMA allows the access of multiple users on the available bandwidth Each user is assigned a specific time frequency resource As a fundamental principle of EUTRA the data channels are shared channels i e for each transmission time interval of 1 ms a new scheduling decision is taken regarding which users are assigned to which time frequency resources during this trans mission time interval 1 2 2 OFDMA Parameterization A generic frame structure is defined for both EUTRA FDD and TDD modes Additionally an alternative frame structure is defined for the TDD mode only The EUTRA frame structures are defined in 3GPP TS 36 211 For the generic frame structure the 10 ms radio frame is divided into 20 equally sized slots of 0 5 ms A subframe consists of two consecutive slots so one radio frame contains 10 subframes This is illustrated in fig ure 1 4 T expresses the basic time unit corresponding to 30 72 MHz _L____SS_E AE T e LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLALAALALAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAALLLLALMELZE J User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 10 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Introduction Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme One radio frame T 307200 x T 10 ms
161. ialog box to configure the instrument connection in the network see chap ter 2 3 1 2 Instrument Connection Configuration on page 21 If you perform MIMO measurements with several instruments you have to establish a network connection for each instrument Number of Channels Defines the number of channels of an oscilloscope that you want to use The number of instruments to configure is reduced if you use an instrument with more than one channel The software also adjusts the contents of the Analyzer Input Chan nel If you perform the measurement with one or more signal analyzers for example R amp S FSW the number of channels has to be 1 SCPI command User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 20 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome I 2 3 1 2 Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer CONFigure ACONfig lt analyzer gt NCHannels on page 172 Analyzer Input Channel Assigns one of the UO data streams input channel to a particular oscilloscope channel The Analyzer Input Channel has no effect if you use only instruments that have a single input channel SCPI command CONFigure ACONfig analyzer ICSequence on page 172 Instrument Connection Configuration The Instrument Connection Configuration dialog box contains functionality that is nec essary to successfully establish a connection in a network of analyzers The dialog box contains several elements Interface Type Number IP Address or Computer Name Subsystem L
162. ied in the PDCCH The DCI formats 1A 1B and 1D provide a special 1 bit flag for this purpose Localized Distributed VRB Assignment Another bit in the DCI formats controls whether the first or second bit is applied e Number of RB Defines the number of resource blocks the allocation covers The number of resource blocks defines the size or bandwidth of the allocation If you allocate too many resource blocks compared to the bandwidth you have set the software will show a icon in the column at the left of the table e Offset RB Sets the resource block at which the allocation begins A wrong offset for any allocation would lead to an overlap of allocations In that case the software will show an error message e Power dB Sets the boosting of the allocation Boosting is the allocation s power relative to the reference signal power e Conflict Move the mouse over the icon to see details on the conflict Possible conflicts are Allocation exceeds available bandwidth A bandwidth error occurs when the number of resource blocks in the subframe exceeds the bandwidth you have set Number of Allocations 7 6 Subframe Bandwidth 3 MHz or 15 Resource Blocks Collision with allocation An RB overlap error occurs if one or more allocations overlap In that case check if the length and offset values of the allocations are correct Number of Allocations 7 6 Subframe Bandwidth 3 MHz or 15 Resource Blocks Remote command
163. inary numbers The values have no unit The stream of binary numbers isa list of binary numbers separated by comma If the PDSCH could not be decoded the NAN is returned instead of the lt of transmitted bits The stream of binary numbers is not shown The lt allocationID gt and lt codeword gt are encoded For the code assignment see chapter 9 6 1 26 Return Value Codes on page 152 9 6 1 8 Channel Flatness For the Channel Flatness result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt relative power gt The unit is always dB EEUU RU RE E SS m 1 e LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLALALACLTUMLLUOLIXMMR User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 145 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 6 1 9 9 6 1 10 9 6 1 11 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing Channel Flatness Difference For the Channel Flatness Difference result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt relative power gt The unit is always dB The number of values depends on the selected LTE bandwidth The following parameters are supported e TRACE
164. ion Detection is set to PDCCH protocol If decoding of all control channels is off measurement speed will increase Remote command SENSe LTE DL DEMod DACHannels on page 183 5 1 7 Configuring MIMO Setups The MIMO settings contain settings that configure MIMO measurement setups The MIMO settings are part of the Downlink Demodulation Settings tab of the Demod ulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics MIMO Compensate Crosstalk E Compensate Crosstalk A 87 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 86 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings Defining Downlink Signal Characteristics Compensate Crosstalk Turns compensation of crosstalk produced by one of the components in the test setup on and off Turn crosstalk compensation on if you expect crosstalk from the DUT or another com ponent in the test setup This may be necessary for example for over the air measure ments If you connect the DUT to the analyzer by cable turn off crosstalk compensation In that case the only crosstalk results from the DUT itself and contributes as distortion to the measurement results Remote command CONFigure LTE DL MIMO CROSstalk on page 183 5 2 Defining Downlink Signal Characteristics The downlink signal characteristics contain settings to describe the physical attributes and structure of a downlink
165. ion Signal 2 iiec cedente teres 193 e Configuring the Reference Sigtial eere retainer nid inna 193 e Configuring the Positioning Reference Gonal AAA 194 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 192 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 8 3 1 9 8 3 2 Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation e Configuring the CSI Reference ona 195 e Configuring the Control Channel cs une eee HR EDEN AANEREN e 197 e Defining the PDSCH Resource Block Symbol Offset 200 e Conter Shared Chahnnels ctn rt tte rene Rete n ERR Ree e nhan nnn 201 Configuring the Synchronization Signal CONFigure LTE DL CCOc SYNC ANTENNA irii eniinn aiian aaa 193 GONFigure E ERD Sher ENEE EENS EEENEREEEEEEEEENN NR EEEEREE EE 193 CONFigurel E ORT deer TEE 193 CONFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt SYNC ANTenna lt Antenna gt This command selects the antenna that transmits the P SYNC and the S SYNC Parameters lt Antenna gt ANT1 ANT2 ANT3 ANT4 ALL NONE RST ALL Example CONF DL SYNC ANT ALL All antennas are used to transmit the P SYNC and S SYNC CONFigure L TE DL SYNC PPOWer Power This command defines the relative power of the P SYNC Parameters Power numeric value RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL SYNC PPOW 0 5 Sets a relative power of 0 5 dB CONFigure L TE DL SYNC SPOWer Power This command defines the relative power of the S SYNC Parameters Po
166. irec tion On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM Unit EEUU RE E AE T e eLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLALAAALLLUALL ULIS User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 40 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays leasuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM di EVM vs Symbol Maximum 2 symbol Selection Antenna 1 Minimum 0 611 34 Symbol H Fi IW Nested tm L AL aad py sf ter y eet e Deed car bad y EY 60 70 80 90 100 110 Symbol Number Remote command EVM vs Sym x Carr The EVM vs Symbol x Carrier shows the EVM for each carrier in each symbol The horizontal axis represents the symbols The vertical axis represents the carriers Different colors in the diagram area represent the EVM The color map for the power levels is provided above the diagram area E i EVM vs Symbol X Carrier Selection Antenna 1 0 0 EVM 20 0 300 200 100 0 pd 2 3 5 ba 60 70 80 100 110 120 130 Symbol Number Remote command EVM vs RB Starts the EVM vs RB result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM for all resource blocks that can be occupied by the PDSCH The results are based on an average EVM that is calculated over all resource elements in the resource block This average resource block EVM is determined for each analyzed subframe User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 4 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements a
167. isplayed in the diagram Remote command CALCulate lt n gt FEED CONS CONS TRACe DATA Evaluation Range for the Constellation Diagram The Evaluation Range dialog box defines the type of constellation points that are dis played in the Constellation Diagram By default the software displays all constellation points of the data that have been eval uated However you can filter the results by several aspects Constellation Diagram Constellation Diagram Modulation ALL ivi Modulation ALL xi Allocation ALL bd Allocation ALL iv Symbol ALL ind Symbol ALL sl Carrier ALL A Codeword ALL v Location Before MIMO CDMA decoder anten v Location After MIMO CDMA decoder v Fig 3 4 Evaluation range for constellations before and after MIMO decoding e Modulation Filters the results to include only the selected type of modulation e Allocation Filters the results to include only a particular type of allocation e Symbol Filters the results to include only a particular OFDM symbol Filtering by OFDM symbols is available for constellations created before MIMO decoding e Carrier Filters the results to include only a particular subcarrier Filtering by carrier is available for constellations created before MIMO decoding e Symbol Filters the results to include only a particular codeword symbol RETE RU E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 52 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements an
168. ity to control the measurement process 5 Softkeys Softkeys contain functionality to configure and select measurement functions 6 Hardkeys Hardkeys open new softkey menus The status bar The status bar is located at the bottom of the display It shows the current measurement status and its progress in a running measurement The status bar also shows warning and error messages Error messages are generally highlighted Display of measurement settings The header table above the result displays shows information on hardware and mea surement settings Freq File C Grp Master Ref Level Syne State Capture Time Frame User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 26 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome ne Configuring the Software The header table includes the following information e Freq The analyzer RF frequency e Mode Link direction duplexing cyclic prefix and maximum number of physical resource blocks PRBs signal bandwidth e CP Cell Grp ID Shows the cell identity information e Sync State The following synchronization states may occur OK The synchronization was successful FAIL C The cyclic prefix correlation failed FAIL P The P SYNC correlation failed FAIL S The S SYNC correlation failed Any combination of C P and S may occur SCPI Command SENSe SYNC STATe on page 132 e Master Ref Level Shows the reference level of the master analyzer e Capture Time Frame Shows
169. k changes its color to red and all succeeding arrows change their color to red too For more information see chapter 8 Measurement Basics on page 112 Signal Flow Remote command Allocation Summary Starts the Allocation Summary result display This result display shows the results of the measured allocations in tabular form User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 54 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays DEE Measuring Statistics Allocation Summary Selection Antenna 1 Rel Power per Modulati Power dB KE EE RE dBm 0 000 45 546 0 007 0 000 0 000 0 001 PDSCH 1 ALL The rows in the table represent the allocations with allocation ALL being a special allo cation that summarizes all allocations that are part of the subframe A set of allocations form a subframe The subframes are separated by a dashed line The columns of the table contain the following information e Subframe Shows the subframe number e Allocation ID Shows the type ID of the allocation e Number of RB Shows the number of resource blocks assigned to the current PDSCH allocation e Rel Power dB Shows the relative power of the allocation e Modulation Shows the modulation type e Power per RE dBm Shows the power of each resource element in dBm e EVM Shows the EVM of the allocation The unit depends on your selection Note PDSCH allocation with beamforming The allocation summary shows two entries
170. l Characteristics Overwrite PDSCH Turns overwriting of PDSCH resource elements for UEs that do not consider the CSI reference signal on and off If on the software assumes that the UE is not configured to consider CSI reference sig nals Thus resource elements of the CSI reference signal overwrite the PDSCH resource elements Note that the bit stream result displays labels these resource element with a sign Remote command CONFigure LTE DL CSIRs OPDSch on page 196 Defining the PDSCH Resource Block Symbol Offset PRB Symbol Offset PRB Symbol Offset specifies the symbol offset of the PDSCH allocations relative to the subframe start This setting applies to all subframes in a frame With this settings the number of OFDM symbols used for control channels is defined too For example if this parameter is set to 2 and the PDCCH is enabled the number of OFDM symbols actually used by the PDCCH is 2 Special control channels like the PCFICH or PHICH require a minimum number of control channel OFDM symbols at the beginning of each subframe If PRB Symbol Offset is lower than the required value the control channel data overwrites some resource elements of the PDSCH If Auto is selected the Control Region for PDCCH PRB Symbol Offset value is detected from the PCFICH For correct Demodulation of a 3GPP conform PCFICH signal the Scrambling of Coded Bits has to be enabled Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PSOFfset on page 20
171. l Characteristics The software also calculates the FFT size sampling rate occupied bandwidth and occu pied carriers from the channel bandwidth Those are read only Channel Bandwidth MHz 1 4 Number of Resource Blocks ESES Sample Rate MHz ios am 3072 FFT Size 1024 2048 2048 The software shows the currently selected LTE mode including the bandwidth in the header table ERER loro Remote command CONFigure LTE DL CC cci BW on page 184 Cyclic Prefix The cyclic prefix serves as a guard interval between OFDM symbols to avoid interferen ces The standard specifies two cyclic prefix modes with a different length each The cyclic prefix mode defines the number of OFDM symbols in a slot e Normal A slot contains 7 OFDM symbols e Extended A slot contains 6 OFDM symbols The extended cyclic prefix is able to cover larger cell sizes with higher delay spread of the radio channel e Auto The application automatically detects the cyclic prefix mode in use The software shows the currently selected cyclic prefix in the header table CP Cell ID Remote command CONFigure LTE DL CC cci CYCPrefix on page 184 Configuring TDD Frames TDD frames contain both uplink and downlink information separated in time with every subframe being responsible for either uplink or downlink transmission The standard specifies several subframe configurations or resource allocations for TDD systems TDD U
172. l Multiplexing Settings Codebook Index 19 2 sag 6o hem see HE OO H es EECH a MENGE ce Cyclic Delay Diversity EDD T e Beamforming UE Spec RS Turns on the precoding for beamforming If you are using beamforming you can also define the number of layers and code words see Spatial Multiplexing the scrambling identity and the single layer antenna port The mapping of antenna port to the physical antenna is fixed Port 5 and 7 Antenna 1 Port 8 Antenna 2 Port 9 Antenna 3 Port 10 Antenna 4 Beamforming Settings Scrambling Identityn SCID 0 ir Single Layer Antenna Port The scrambling identity Nsc p is available for antenna ports 7 and 8 It is used to initialize the sequence that generates UE specific reference signals according to 36 211 section 6 10 3 1 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 94 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings 5 3 5 3 1 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics The single layer antenna port selects the preconfigured antenna port in single layer beamforming scenarios Available if the codeword to layer mapping is 1 1 e Carrier Aggregation Defines the PDSCH start offset for the selected PDSCH allocation in a system that uses carrier aggregation Carrier Aggregation PDSCH Start Offset Common e For cross scheduled UEs the PDSCH start offset for the secondary carrier is usually not defined for each subframe individually but is constant over several subframes In cas
173. l send binary data in Real32 data format MMEMory LOAD DEModsetting lt Path gt This command restores previously saved demodulation settings The file must be of type allocation and depends on the link direction that was currently selected when the file was saved You can load only files with correct link directions Setting parameters Path String containing the path and name of the file Example MMEM LOAD DEM D USER Settingsfile allocation Usage Setting only MMEMory LOAD IQ STATe Path This command restores UO data from a file Setting parameters Path String containing the path and name of the source file Example MMEM LOAD IQ STAT C R_S Instr user data ig tar Loads UO data from the specified file Usage Setting only EET RU N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 202 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands ee een Managing Files MMEMory LOAD TMOD DL lt TestModel gt This command loads an EUTRA test model E TM The test models are in accordance with 3GPP TS 36 141 Setting parameters lt TestModel gt E TM1 1 10MHz EUTRA Test Model 1 1 E TM1 1 E TM1 2 10MHz EUTRA Test Model 1 2 E TM1 2 E TM2 10MHz EUTRA Test Model 2 E TM2 E TM3 1 10MHz EUTRA Test Model 3 1 E TM3 1 E TM3 2 10MHz EUTRA Test Model 3 2 E TM3 2 E TM3 3 10MHz EUTRA Test Model 3 3 E TM3 3 Example MMEM LOAD TMOD DL E TM2 10MHz Selects test model 2 for a 10 MHz bandwidth
174. lection RST AUTO Example CONF DL PLC CIDG 134 Cell identity group number 134 is selected CONF DL PLC CIDG AUTO Automatic cell identity group detection is selected CONFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt PLC PLID Identity This command defines the physical layer cell identity for ownlink signals Parameters Identity AUTO Automatic selection 0 2 Manual selection RST AUTO Example CONF DL PLC PLID 1 Selects physical layer cell ID 2 FETCh CC lt cci gt PLC CIDGroup This command queries the cell identity group that has been detected Return values lt CidGroup gt The command returns 1 if no valid result has been detected yet Range 0 to 167 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 186 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands REESEN Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation Example FETC PLC CIDG Returns the current cell identity group Usage Query only FETCh CC lt cci gt PLC PLID This command queries the cell identity that has been detected Return values lt Identity gt The command returns 1 if no valid result has been detected yet Range 0 to 2 Example FETC PLC PLID Returns the current cell identity Usage Query only 9 8 2 3 Configuring MIMO Setups CONFiourell TEFDULFGCGsGostMIMO AGELechon ioiii iinis 187 CONFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt MIMO CONFIQ csesescesssesssesses ttt tentent 187 CONFigure L TE DL CC cci MIMO ASELection Ant
175. limit to the SEM trace for the corre sponding frequency segment Negative distances indicate the trace is below the tol erance limit positive distances indicate the trace is above the tolerance limit Spectrum Emission Mask List J Pwr Abs A to Limit Start Freq Rel Stop Freq Rel row O dBm dB 15 05 MHz 10 05 MHz 0 10 MHz dek 40 14 4 44 27 6 10 05 MHz 5 05 MHz 10 05 MHz 0 10 MHz 15 05 MHz 0 10 MHz 05 MHz 0 10 MHz 17 50 MHz 1 00 MHz Remote command User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 45 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Deeg Measuring the Spectrum ACLR Starts the Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio ACLR measurement The ACLR measurement analyzes the power of the transmission TX channel and the power of the two neighboring channels adjacent channels to the left and right of the TX channel Thus the ACLR measurement provides information about the power in the adjacent channels as well as the leakage into these adjacent channels The software shows two traces a yellow one T1 and a green one T2 The yellow trace is the representation of the signal data measured with a resolution bandwidth RBW of 1 MHz The green trace is the data measured with a RBW of 100 kHz The x axis represents the frequency with a frequency span that relates to the specified EUTRA LTE channel and adjacent bandwidths On the y axis the power is plotted in dBm By default the ACLR settings are based
176. m level characteristics and the third subframe shows the averaged level characteristics of all subframes e PK peak value e AV average value e MI minimum value If you select a specific subframe the software shows one trace This trace contains the results for that subframe only Remote command SENSe LTE SUBFrame SELect on page 169 Antenna Selection Selects the antenna you want to display the results for For more information see MIMO Configuration on page 72 Remote command SENSe LTE ANTenna SELect on page 168 SENSe LTE SOURce SELect on page 169 Configuring Time Alignment Measurements The Time Alignment measurement settings contain settings that define certain aspects of this measurement The Time Alignment measurement settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Time Alignment Measurement Settings Num of Component Carriers 2 J CC2 Frequency 1 GHz CC2 DEMOD SETTINGS lee e DEE 70 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 69 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings 4 1 7 Configuring the Measurement Carrier Aggregation The software supports Time Alignment Error measurements with carrier aggregation Select the number of carriers from the Number of Component Carriers dropdown menu If you select more than one carrier defi
177. m the detected end of the subframe to the last time that the signal power is above the measured mean power spectral density power time Fig 3 3 Power profile of an TD LTE On to Off transition The transition lasts from the end of the OFF period until the signal is completely below the Off Power Density limit 1 subframe on power period 2 transient transition length 3 off power density limit 4 off power period The diagram contains an overall limit check result Pass Fail message Only if all off periods including the transients comply to the limits the overall limit check will pass Any results in the table that violate the limits defined by 3GPP are displayed in red Graphic results The lower part of the result display shows a graphical representation of the analyzed TDD frame s ON OFF Power Limit Check OffPower Density Limit 85 dBm MHz Average Count 25 25 ON Period ON Period E T ime line The diagram contains several elements e Yellow trace ERREUR RE E A m 1 e LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLAALLAALLUILLAAALEXLSZ Sg User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 36 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays m B M aT Measuring the Power Over Time The yellow trace represents the signal power during the off periods Filtering as defined in 3GPP TS
178. m was launched in 3GPP Release 7 on evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access EUTRA and evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network EUTRAN LTE EUTRA will then form part of 3GPP Release 8 core specifications This introduction focuses on LTE EUTRA technology In the following the terms LTE or EUTRA are used interchangeably In the context of the LTE study item 3GPP work first focused on the definition of require ments e g targets for data rate capacity spectrum efficiency and latency Also com mercial aspects such as costs for installing and operating the network were considered Based on these requirements technical concepts for the air interface transmission schemes and protocols were studied Notably LTE uses new multiple access schemes on the air interface orthogonal frequency division multiple access OFDMA in downlink and single carrier frequency division multiple access SC FDMA in uplink Furthermore MIMO antenna schemes form an essential part of LTE In an attempt to simplify protocol architecture LTE brings some major changes to the existing UMTS protocol concepts Impact on the overall network architecture including the core network is being investiga ted in the context of 3GPP system architecture evolution SAE e Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolutton 7 e Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Gcheme AAA 9 ib cic c E 14 Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution LTE is focusing on o
179. meric value gt Minimum maximum or average quadrature error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit deg Example FETC SUMM QUAD Returns the current mean quadrature error in degrees Usage Query only FETCh CC lt cci gt SUMMary RFERror AVERage This command queries the frequency error of the component carriers Return values Frequency Error Frequency error of the component carrier CC2 relative to the main component carrier CC1 Default unit Hz Example FETC SUMM RFER AVER Returns the frequency error in Hz Usage Query only eee User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 138 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands a M J s Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh SUMMary RSSI MAXimum FETCh SUMMary RSSI MINimum FETCh SUMMary RSSI AVERage This command queries the RSSI as shown in the result summary Return values lt RSSI gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average sampling error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dBm Example FETC SUMM RSSI Queries the average RSSI Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary RSTP MAXimum FETCh SUMMary RSTP MINimum FETCh SUMMary RSTP AVERage This command queries the RSTP as shown in the result summary Return values lt RSTP gt RSTP in dBm Example FETC SUMM RSTP Que
180. modulation of the PDSCH on and off Turn on automatic PDSCH demodulation for automatic detection of the PDSCH resource allocation The software is able to detect the PDSCH resource allocation by analyzing the protocol information in the PDCCH or by analyzing the physical signal It then writes the results into the PDSCH Configuration Table User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 81 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings ssa a a a Pe Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation You can set the way the software identifies the PDSCH resource allocation with PDSCH Subframe Configuration Detection on page 82 If the automatic demodulation of the PDSCH is off you have to configure the PDSCH manually In that case the software compares the demodulated LTE frame to the cus tomized configuration If the PDSCH Subframe Configuration Detection is not turned off the software analyzes the frame only if both configurations are the same Remote command SENSe LTE DL DEMod AUTO on page 180 PDSCH Subframe Configuration Detection Selects the method of identifying the PDSCH resource allocation e Off Uses the user configuration to demodulate the PDSCH subframe If the user config uration does not match the frame that was measured a bad EVM will result e PDCCH protocol Sets the PDSCH configuration according to the data in the protocol of the PDCCH DCls e Physical detection The physical detection is based on power and modulatio
181. n detection Physical detection makes measurements on TDD E TMs without a 20 ms trigger signal possible For more information on automatic demodulation see Auto PDSCH Demodulation on page 81 Remote command SENSe LTE DL FORMat PSCD on page 180 5 1 2 Configuring Multicarrier Base Stations The multicarrier base station settings contain settings to configure measurements on multicarrier base stations The multicarrier base station settings are part of the Downlink Demodulation Settings tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics Multicarrier Base Station Multicarrier Filter B Mullicartier EE 82 Multicarrier Filter Turns the suppression of interference of neighboring carriers for tests on multiradio base stations on and off e g LTE WCDMA GSM etc Remote command SENSe LTE DL DEMod MCFilter on page 180 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 82 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings 5 1 3 Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation Configuring Parameter Estimation The parameter estimation settings contain settings that estimate various parameters during the measurement The parameter estimation settings are part of the Downlink Demodulation Settings tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Do
182. n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary SERRor MAXimum RESUuIt 0 ceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeneeneeeees 162 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary SERRor AVERage RESUIt 0c eseeeeeereeeeeeeneenenes 162 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM ALL MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all resource elements Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM DSQP MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM DSQP AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all PDSCH resource elements with a QPSK modulation mI M su User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 158 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands mu Q BEELER LEE t Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Return values l
183. nalyzing Measurement Results eee 105 EIERE E E oe eoe centre nce nci re ne 108 Importing and Exporting UO Data eeeeeeeeneeennneeenen ener 108 Managing Frame Data tnnt ttti iiit eniin Ri RER 109 Importing and Exporting Limits eeeeeeeeeeerneneennn nnne nnn 110 Measurement Basics ceeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeee nennen nennen nnn nnn nnn 112 Symbols and Variables Lesen nnne nennen nennen nnne nnn nnne 112 ud 113 The LTE Downlink Analysis Measurement Application e 113 SYMCMMOMIZATION E 113 Channel Estimation and Equalizitaion see 115 ULL c M sees 115 MIMO Measurement Guide eese eene 116 MIMO Measurements with Signal Anahyzers een 117 MIMO Measurements with Oeclloscopes neen nsrreseeererettereertrrrrennn 120 Performing Time Alignment Measurements eere 121 Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurements eene 123 hosce unc e 125 Overview of Remote Command Suffixes eese 125 ugeet LEER 126 Long and Short FOLE ee uterine uen esp Ee deevevantesscn sl eg ut vene gedet 126 Numeric SUNKE Seant E E E E E S 127 lee TI Te EE 127 Vertical Stroke EE eege gege
184. nce signal RS carriers over one subframe 9 6 1 25 UE RS Weights Phase For the UE RS Weights Phase result display the command returns one value for each subcarrier that has been analyzed Phase The unit degrees The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 151 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 6 1 26 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Returns the phase of the measured weights of the reference signal RS carriers over one subframe Return Value Codes This chapter contains a list for encoded return values lt ACK NACK gt The range is 1 1 e 1 ACK e 0 NACK e 1 DTN allocation ID Represents the allocation ID The range is as follows e 0 65535 PDSCH e 1 Invalid not used e 2 Al e 3 P SYNC e 4 S SYNC e 5 PILOTS ANT1 e 6 PILOTS ANT2 e 7 PILOTS ANT3 e 8 PILOTS ANTA e 9 PCFICH e 10 PHICH e 11 PDCCH e 12 PBCH e 13 PMCH e 14 Positioning Reference Signal e 15 CSI Reference Signal Port 15 and 16 e 16 CSI Reference Signal Port 17 and 18 e 17 CSI Reference Signal Port 19 and 20 e 18 CSI Reference Signal Port 21 and 22 e 1xxxxx UE Reference Signal Port 5 e 2xxxxx UE Reference Signal 1 Port 7 8 11 12 e 3xxxxx UE Reference Signal 2 Port 9 10 13 14 signals with more than 2 layers Note xxxxx is a placeholder for the ID of the PDSCH Ifthe PDSCH has for example the ID 22 the retu
185. nd MBMS transmission The generic frame structure with extended cyclic prefix of Tcp_ 16 7us contains s 6 OFDM sym bols subcarrier spacing 15 kHz The generic frame structure with extended cyclic prefix ERREUR RU RE AE T I e L LLLLLLLLLL LLLL LZt MS M S User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 11 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Introduction 1 2 3 1 2 4 Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme of Toni us contains smo 3 symbols subcarrier spacing 7 5 kHz table 1 1 gives an overview of the different parameters for the generic frame structure Table 1 1 Parameters for Downlink Generic Frame Structure Configuration Number of Symbols Cyclic Prefix Cyclic Prefix ech Length in Samples Length in us Normal cyclic prefix Af215 kHz 7 160 for first symbol 5 2 us for first sym 144 for other sym bol bols 4 7 us for other sym bols o 512 Extended cyclic prefix Af 15 kHz 16 7 us Ri Extended cyclic prefix Af 7 5 kHz 1024 33 3 us Downlink Data Transmission Data is allocated to the UEs in terms of resource blocks A physical resource block con sists of 12 24 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain for the Af 15 kHz Af 7 5 kHz case In the time domain a physical resource block consists of DL Nsymb consecutive OFDM symbols see figure 1 5 sms is equal to the number of OFDM symbols in a slot The resource block size is the same for all bandwidths theref
186. nd Result Displays DEE Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM If you analyze all subframes the result display contains three traces e Average EVM This trace shows the resource block EVM averaged over all subframes e Minimum EVM This trace shows the lowest average resource block EVM that has been found over the analyzed subframes e Maximum EVM This trace shows the highest average resource block EVM that has been found over the analyzed subframes If you select and analyze one subframe only the result display contains one trace that shows the resource block EVM for that subframe only Average minimum and maximum values in that case are the same For more information see Subframe Selection on page 68 The x axis represents the PDSCH resource blocks On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM Unit Selection Antenna 1 Remote command CALCulate lt n gt FEED EVM EVRP TRACe DATA EVM vs Subframe Starts the EVM vs Subframe result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM for each subframe You can use it as a debugging technique to identify a subframe whose EVM is too high The result is an average over all subcarriers and symbols of a specific subframe The x axis represents the subframes with the number of displayed subframes being 10 On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM Unit E User Manual 1308 9029 42
187. nd to Configure the Demodulation Configuring component carriers If you want to configure the second component carrier CC2 make sure to include the C C2 part of the syntax Example CONF DL CC2 BW 10 e Remote Commands for PDSCH Demodulation Settings 179 e Remote Commands for DL Signal Charactertstice AAA 183 e Remote Commands for DL Advanced Signal Characteristics 192 9 8 1 Remote Commands for PDSCH Demodulation Settings This chapter contains remote commands necessary to define PDSCH demodulation For more information see chapter 5 1 Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation on page 81 e Selecting the Demodulation Method 179 e Configuring Multicarrier Base Gtatons sess 180 e Configuring Parameter Estimation sss 181 e Compensating Measurement Error 181 e Configuring EVM Measufemienis cct n tat clt denne en nete ceu 182 Processing Demodulated Bata 2 rire aeree rt eterne re 182 Configuring MIMO Setups eterne nnne nate R aee eaae Ren nene iaaii 183 9 8 1 1 Selecting the Demodulation Method GENSSIUTEITDLDEMod AUTO 180 GENSSILUTEIDLFORMarbSCH ne 180 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 179 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands a a EE 9 8 1 2 Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation SENSe L TE DL DEMod AUTO State This command turns automatic demodulation for downlink signals on and o
188. ndwidth is Hz All other values have no unit The PHICH duration and PHICH resource are encoded For the code assignment see chapter 9 6 1 26 Return Value Codes on page 152 If PBCH decoding was not successful the command returns NAN e PCFICH Returns the results for the PCFICH The results are made up out of two parameters lt subframe gt number of symbols for PDCCH gt The values have no unit e PHICH Returns the results for the PHICH The results are made up out of three values for each line of the table lt subframe gt ACK NACK relative power The unit for relative power is dB All other values have no unit The lt ACK NACK gt is encoded For the code assignment see chapter 9 6 1 26 Return Value Codes on page 152 e PDCCH Returns the results for the PDCCH The results are made up out of seven values for each line of the table lt subframe gt lt RNTI gt DCI format PDCCH format lt CCE offset 4 of transmitted bits stream of binary numbers The values have no unit The stream of binary numbers isa list of binary numbers separated by comma The DCI format and PDCCH format are encoded For the code assignment see chapter 9 6 1 26 Return Value Codes on page 152 e PDSCH Returns the results for the PDSCH The results are made up out of five values for each line of the table lt subframe gt lt allocationID gt codeword ft of transmitted bits stream of b
189. ne the frequency of the other in carrier in the CC2 Frequency field The CC2 Demod Settings button opens a dialog box to configure the signal charac teristics of the second carrier This dialog contains a selection of the demodulation set tings For more information see chapter 5 Demod Settings on page 81 Note that the software shows measurement results for the second component carrier even if only one antenna of the second component carrier is attached i e no combiner used Remote command CONFigure NOCC on page 170 SENSe FREQuency CENTer CC cci on page 164 CC2 Demod settings See chapter 9 8 Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation on page 179 Configuring Transmit On Off Power Measurements The On Off Power measurement settings contain settings that define certain aspects of those measurements The On Off Power measurement settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced ON OFF Power Measurement Settings Number of Frames 10 Noise Correction LL Carrier Aggregation iv Frequency Lower Edge 950 MHz Frequency Higher Edge 1 05 GHz Number of Frames atb e EM ce e E edu De stade dee EES 70 Noise COITeGUOD i ce ed ege 70 Gamier AG OLSON EN 71 Number of Frames Defines the number of frames that are averaged to calculate a reliable power trace for On Off Power measurements Remote c
190. ne timing signals at time offsets AC AT and AT Coarse channel 29 est RS based Equalizer and isymbol decision CFO compensation SFO optional res CFO r Phase sync ine channel est Ik pilots RS and data symbols E A tracking Wei Customized x Customized ik compensation equalizer Fig 8 1 Block diagram for the LTE DL measurement application After the time to frequency transformation by an FFT of length Nee the phase synchro nization block is used to estimate the following e the relative sampling frequency offset c SFO e the residual carrier frequency offset Af es CFO e the common phase error CPE According to 3GPP TS 25 913 and 3GPP TR 25 892 the uncompensated samples can be expressed as iD j2m Ns Ngpep G kdl j2z Ng N ppp N T Rua A Hun 6 el s ger el s No ger Ares NQ n CPE SFO res CFO 8 1 where e the data symbol is a on subcarrier k at OFDM symbol e the channel transfer function is h e the number of Nyquist samples is N within the symbol time T e the useful symbol time T T T e the independent and Gaussian distributed noise sample is ni Within one OFDM symbol both the CPE and the residual CFO cause the same phase rotation for each subcarrier while the rotation due to the SFO depends linearly on the subcarrier index A linear phase increase in symbol direction can be observed for the residual CFO as well as for the SFO
191. neee enne eeee neret nennt reete eterne SENSe POWer AUTO lt analyzer gt TIME SENSe POWer AUTO analyzer STATe essent nnne nennen 165 SENSeEPOWetNCOPRLIGCHOFm aee eei echt Mop lt aee Her e e MER dene EE REED eee 176 SENSeEPOWer SEM CATOQOILy tertie ageet eegal 175 SENSe POWer GEM CHDBS AMbower Auen 179 SEN e ES WAP IG ee E 176 EET RU T e S e 1 ULL L L LLLLLXLAL X User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 207 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC List of Commands SENSE ESWEep E GAT CS AUTO E 176 SENSe SWEGp TIM EE 166 SENSe ESYNG STA TC pe 132 SENSE TEAN Tenna SELEC iiipin ripide rhet rr er terre rl i agree da ras 168 ISENSe ELTEEDE DEMOG AUTO DE 180 SENSe LTE DL DEMOdG BES Timationss sicc ciicesccccasevssssssorcessssassscoaceasvensvtersectavsesecezeosssescteseascnseceasonsesecunscens 181 SENSe LTE DL DEMod CBSCrambling cece cece eeeeeeeneeceeeeseaeeseeeeceessaeeseaeeeseeseaeeseaeeseeessaeeseaees 183 SENSe LTE DL DEMod CESTimation esses nnne enne eee nere rnnt nene nnne rnnt 181 SENSe LTE DL DEMod DACHannels essen nennen nene neren enne anisini 183 SENSe LTE DL DEMod EVMCalc SE m SENSe LTE DEIDEMOG MCF ilter eret nonet nere ter ener trei rre ena SENSe L TEEDE DEMod PRDoata irnone eret rnt natat ruote end rao ata dn ER eR eee E pg rne E XAR doas SENSe EL TEE DE FORMAaEPSGD niri rto ea ben eee kn
192. ning of the off period relative to the frame start 0 seconds e Stop OFF Period Limit Shows the end of the off period relative to the frame start 0 seconds The time from the start to the stop of the off period is the period over which the limits are checked It corresponds to the yellow trace in the graphic result display e Time at A to Limit Shows the trace point at which the lowest distance between trace and limit line has been detected The result is a time relative to the frame start e OFF Power Abs dBm Shows the absolute power of the signal at the trace point with the lowest distance to the limit line e OFF Power A to Limit Shows the distance between the trace and the limit line of the trace point with the lowest distance to the limit line in dB e Falling Transition Period Shows the length of the falling transient e Rising Transition Period Shows the length of the rising transient User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 35 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Eee a d M X Mn Measuring the Power Over Time Note that the beginning and end of a transition period is determined based on the Off Power Density Limit This limitis defined by 3GPP in TS 36 141 as the maximum allowed mean power spectral density The length of the transient from on to off period is for example the distance fro
193. nsing the Software on page 16 Check Licen Looks for all smartcards connected to the computer and returns their ses characteristics like the serial number of the smartcard or its device ID Note that the smartcard has to be connected to figure out its properties Enter License Opens an input field to manually enter a new license key code A key Key Code code consists of 30 digits Process Opens a dialog box to select a file xml format that contains a license License File Opening that file automatically adds a new license Show Logging Opens a dialog box that contains a log of all messages that the software has shown in the status bar Use the message log for debugging purposes in case any errors occur You can refresh and clear the contents of the log or copy the contents of the system log to the clipboard Refresh Updates the contents of the log Clear All Deletes all entries in the log Copy to Clip Copies the contents of the log to the clipboard board System Info Opens a dialog box that contains information about the system like driver versions or the utility software You can use this information in case an analyzer does not work properly User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 29 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays 3 Measurements and Result Displays The LTE measurement software features several measurements to examine and analyze different aspects of an LTE signal The source of
194. nt format This format is also known as Little Endian LSB Order or Intel format eee User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 108 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Data Management EE 7 2 Managing Frame Data Example The hexadecimal value 0x1D86E7BB would be decoded to 7 0655481E 3 For single antenna measurements the order of the UO data is either IQIQIQ or Il IQQ Q For MIMO measurements you also have to consider the antenna in the order of the data with alternating and Q data for every antenna Q antenna index symbol index Example For a two antenna system the string of data would like 10 0 Q0 0 11 0 Q1 0 10 1 Q0 1 11 1 Q1 1 10 2 Q0 2 Binary format iq tar format In case of the iq tar format the I Q data is stored in a compressed format with the file extension iq tar An iq tar file contains UO data in binary format together with meta information that describes the nature and the source of data e g the sample rate The objective of the iq tar file format is to separate UO data from the meta information while still having both inside one file In addition the file format allows you to preview the I Q data in a web browser and allows you to include customized data An iq tar file must contain the following files e Q parameter XML file Contains meta information about the UO data e g sample rate The filename can be defined freely but there must be only one single UO parameter X
195. nt groups of the PHICH are allocated on the first OFDM symbol With an extended duration the resource element groups of the PHICH are distributed over three OFDM symbols for a normal subframe or over two symbols within a special subframe If you select Auto the duration of PHICH is automatically determined and based on the PBCH decoding results Note that you have to turn on the PBCH for an automatic detetemination of the PHICH duration Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PHICh DURation on page 198 PHICH TDD m Isi E TM Turns the special setting of the PHICH for the enhanced test models on and off The special setting is defined in 36 141 V9 0 0 6 1 2 6 For frame structure type 2 the factor m_i shall not be set as per TS36 211 Table 6 9 1 but instead shall be set to m i 1 for all transmitted subframes The parameter is available if you have selected TDD Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PHICh MITM on page 199 PHICH N g Sets the variable N N in combination with the number of resource blocks defines the number of PHICH groups in a downlink subframe The standard specifies several values for N that you can select from the dropdown menu If you need a customized configuration you can set the number of PHICH groups in a subframe by selecting the Custom menu item and set a number of PHICH groups directly with PHICH Number of Groups Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PHICh NGParameter on page 198 PHICH N
196. nta eR NENE AS 49 Power vs symbol x carrier s esses 37 PRB symbol offset P SYNC Relative Power 96 R Reference Level serere ehe a Sx RR rend heri Relative power P SYNC sse Relative power reference signal Relative power S SYNC sseeeeeee Resource Blocks reete epit betta aaas Result Display Constellation Selection eese 52 Result summary rere ert nb pene ade ege 31 S Scrambling of coded bits esses 85 Screen Layout Selected Subframe Setting P S SYNC Tx antenna sseeeeeeerreeeerrrrerrrrrree 96 Settings AUO EE 90 Auto PDSCH Demod 81 Balanced TT boosting estimation 83 Capture Time 66 Cell ID 90 Cell Identity Group 90 Channel Bandwidth se 87 Channel Estimation 83 Configurable Subframes 91 Configuration Table 91 Digital Input Data Rate T9 Dither CR 78 Error in Subframe 91 EVM Calculation Method 84 Ee 65 Frequency 62 Full Scale Level is 79 Identity m 90 Low Pass ss 78 multicarrier filter 82 Number of RB 87 PBGEI ertt 101 PCFICH Seege H PDSCH reference data 85 PDSCH subframe detection 82 PRASE e ease ues 84 PHICH 5
197. o 2 iiir ranae tuere n ae 141 e Allocation ID vs Symbol X CalTIGr 2 tiene iet eatis 142 e Allocation SUImtaly ee ue ege Eder 142 EE 143 e Capture BUNOT ass ree epe aa aa a a E ia aaa E Aaa AEA E Eaa 144 E E EE P 144 e Channel Decoder ROSUNG oorsien A AEE ANa 144 e Channel FIatriBss es scie tee or eere a aaa ea Ya 145 Channel Flatniess DHIGEOFICB aire aede iet nee eate enden Exe 146 e Channel Group Belay eee ENEE enda eter enacted cer nente n rna e nune fecere n 146 e Constellation Diagtrarm ic geesde SEENEN aoi EE eds 146 LEE EVM VS e e EE 147 e EVA VERB uon Font au ene ele aed ora eee 147 e EVMvys SUIVIE itte tee e etn ee bert Mecdaansaeieedeeasaeddanducenseeondladanneaa headers 148 EE EVM vS YMO m 148 e EVM vs Symbol X Cartel n tie e EHE C o Heo ume cea 148 e Frequency Error vs Symbol ecrire rre runtur Rena Lao nn denne 149 6o OMON POWE EE 149 E Eed Tu DEE 149 e Powervs RB EE 150 e Powervs RB PDSQDI EE 150 e Powervs Symbol X GalTlQr dde iue cene cite a edness E Reid 150 e Spectrum Emission Mask erre hne nennen no haero nd e nena neun 151 e UE RS Weights Magriit de access eius eene tenant e nna nenne 151 e UE RS Weights Phago ues site eed nacre eant Ee ce Enn eie 151 LUTZ 10800 cen 152 9 6 1 1 Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio For the ACLR result display the number and type of returns values depend on the parameter e TRACE1
198. om the test setup Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PBCH STAT on page 197 PBCH Relative Power Defines the power of the PBCH relative to the reference signal Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PBCH POWer on page 199 Configuring the PCFICH The physical control format indicator channel PCFICH carries information about the format of the PDCCH You can include or exclude the PCFICH in the test setup and define the relative power of this channel PCFICH Present Includes or excludes the PCFICH from the test setup Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PCFich STAT on page 197 PCFICH Relative Power Defines the power of the PCFICH relative to the reference signal Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PCFich POWer on page 199 Configuring the PHICH The physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel PHICH contains the hybrid ARQ indicator The hybrid ARQ indicator contains the acknowledgement negative acknowledgments for uplink blocks You can set several specific parameters for the PHICH EET RU E E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 101 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics Turning off the PHICH If you set the value of the PHICH Ng to Custom and at the same time define 0 PHICH groups the PHICH is excluded from the signal PHICH Duration Selects the duration of the PHICH Normal and extended duration are supported With a normal duration all resource eleme
199. ommand CONFigure LTE OOPower NFRames on page 171 Noise Correction Turns noise correction for On Off Power measurements on and off ERREUR E E n e e L LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLALLLLLLLLLALAAALLAUULLUULXX User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 70 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings 4 2 Configuring MIMO Measurement Setups For more information see the manual of the software Remote command SENSe LTE OOPower NCORrection on page 171 Carrier Aggregation The software supports Transmit On Off Power measurements with carrier aggregation To turn on measurements on more than one carrier check the Carrier Aggregation parmeter If on the Frequency Lower Edge and Frequency Higher Edge field become available When defining the lower and higher frequency make sure to that the values are valid e The center frequency of the master component carrier gt Defining the Signal Fre quency has to be within the bandwidth defined by the lower and higher edge fre quencies e The bandwidth defined by the lower and higher edge frequencies must not be too large If one of these conditions is not met the fields turn red or the software shows an error message Remote command SENSe LTE 00Power CAGGregation on page 170 SENSe LTE 00Power FREQuency LOWer on page 171 SENSe LTE 00Power FREQuency HIGHer on page 170 Configuring MIMO Measurement Setup
200. ommand queries the result of the UO offset limit check Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM IQOF MAX RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary QUADerror AVERage RESult This command queries the result of the quadrature error limit check Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM QUAD RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary SERRor MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary SERRor AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the sampling error limit check User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 162 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 7 9 7 1 9 7 1 1 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passe
201. on Note that this measurement is not avail able if the subframe selection is set to all The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the weights phase is plotted in degree UE specific RS Weights Phase e Frequency MHz Remote command CALCulate lt screenid gt FEED BEAM URWP TRACe DATA Beamforming Selection Filters the displayed results to include only certain antenna port s The availability of antenna ports depends on the number of transmission antennas and the number of beamforming layers you are testing Beamforming Antenna Port AP 5 7 Remote command CONFigure LTE DL BF AP on page 133 ERREUR E E n User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 60 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings Configuring the Measurement 4 General Settings The following chapter contains all settings that are available in the General Settings dialog box e Configuring the Measurement nenne ennemis 61 e Configuring MIMO Measurement Geiups 71 e Triggenng Meastraeirenls 1 2 o rri Fette FRE tee Epiat ho dado Reda 74 JE Spectrum Settings eege m 75 e Jdvanced SSWINGS E 76 4 1 Configuring the Measurement The general settings contain various settings that configure the general measurement setup You can find the signal characteristics in the General Settings dialog box e Defining General Signal Charachertstce AAA 61 CONMGUTIMG Me MPU EE 62 e Configuring the In
202. on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM DSST RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all physical channel resource elements Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM PCH RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all physical signal resource elements User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 160 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands mu Q BEELER LEE t Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOT
203. on the number of antennas in the system Parameters lt PDSChPB gt Numeric value that defines PDSCH P_B which defines the power ratio in dB 0 1 2 3 See PDSCH Power Ratio for an overview of resulting power ratios RAT1 Ratio 1 regardless of the number of antennas Example CONF DL PDSC PB 3 Selects the PDSCH P B Configuring the Software iesu iilo 2 201 RIESEN dee Ee E E 201 CONFigure PRESet Initiates a preset to the default state of the software and if connected to an analyzer also presets the analyzer Example CONF PRES Presets the software Usage Event DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect This command selects the measurement window Example DISP WIND2 SEL Selects screen B ERREUR UR RE E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 201 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Managing Files Usage Event 9 10 Managing Files FORMALDATA re cal ene 202 MMEMory OADIDEMOSSSUMNO ca penu ee ed eege ee 202 MMEMBbryiLOADN GS TAT PS 202 MMEM LOAD FMOD DL sisipain Maret te nuns a aE Aa 2x a idee a a ARA 203 TEE ne RT e DEE 203 MMEManeSTORGIO ug NEE 203 FORMat DATA lt Format gt This command specifies the data format for the data transmission between the LTE measurement application and the remote client Supported formats are ASCII or REAL32 Parameters lt Format gt ASCii REAL RST ASCii Example FORM REAL The software wil
204. on the selected LTE Channel Bandwidth You can change the assumed adjacent channel carrier type and the Noise Correction Adjacent Channel Power Assumed Adj Channel Carrier EUTRA same BW RBW 11 1 MHz T2 100 kHz Noise Correction FF SWT 500 0 ms Category Category A 335 1000 1005 1010 1015 1020 Frequency MHz The software provides a relative and an absolute ACLR measurement mode that you can select with the ACLR REL ABS softkey e Incase of the relative measurement mode the power for the TX channel is an abso lute value in dBm The power ofthe adjacent channels are values relative to the power of the TX channel e Incase of the absolute measurement mode the power for both TX and adjacent channels are absolute values in dBm In addition the ACLR measurement results are also tested against the limits defined by 3GPP In the diagram the limits are represented by horizontal red lines The software performs two types of limit check e The limit check for the limits defined for the channel power of each adjacent channel The channel power limit check is based on the green trace e The minimum distance of the actual power to the limit line in each channel In addition to the distance in dB the software also shows the frequency at which the minimum distance has been measured in each channel The distance to the limit line is measured for the yellow trace The limit check result evaluates both types of limit check If one o
205. or every Off period 1 Limit check has passed 0 Limit check has failed Example CALC LIM 00P OFFP Queries the results for the limit check during the signal Off periods Usage Query only CALCulate n LIMit k OOPower TRANsient Result This command queries the results of the limit check during the transient periods of the On Off power measurement Query parameters Result ALL Queries the overall limit check results FALLing Queries the limit check results of falling transients RISing Queries the limit check results of rising transients Return values lt OOPResults gt Returns one value for every Off period 1 Limit check has passed 0 Limit check has failed Example CALC LIM OOP TRAN RIS Queries the limit check of rising transients Usage Query only Checking Limits for Numerical Result Display CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SGUMMarv EVMEALLTMANimum RESu sss eeseensees eser erensrsrr nene 158 CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SGUMMarv EVMEALLILAVERaoelRtE Gu 158 ERREUR EE E E m e 1 e A LLLLLILOLLOL AL1 111 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 SSS User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 157 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Remote Commands to Read Trace Data CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM DSQP MAXimum RESUIt cessus 158 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM DSQP AVERage RESUIE eueeesssuss 158 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM D
206. ore the number of available physical resource blocks depends on the bandwidth Depending on the required data rate each UE can be assigned one or more resource blocks in each transmission time interval of 1 ms The scheduling decision is done in the base station eNodeB The user data is carried on the physical downlink shared channel PDSCH Downlink control signaling on the physical downlink control channel PDCCH is used to convey the scheduling decisions to individual UEs The PDCCH is located in the first OFDM symbols of a slot Downlink Reference Signal Structure and Cell Search The downlink reference signal structure is important for cell search channel estimation and neighbor cell monitoring figure 1 6 shows the principle of the downlink reference signal structure for one antenna two antenna and four antenna transmission Specific predefined resource elements in the time frequency domain carry the reference signal sequence Besides first reference symbols there may be a need for second reference symbols The different colors in figure 1 6 represent the sequences transmitted from up to four transmit antennas LEE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 12 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Introduction E S Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme One antenna ports Resource element k Not used for transmission on this antenna port Two antenna ports Reference symbols on this antenna port Four antenna ports
207. ost e g TCPIC LocalHost e Overview of Remote Command Guffives nnne nan 125 v JEE ode edet tee dece DE Neat ga Meet oe De dotes eM dod de mesi an 126 e Remote Commands to Select a Result Display 130 e Remote Commands to Perform Measurements 131 e Remote Commands to Read Numeric HResubhts 133 e Remote Commands to Read Trace Data 140 e Remote Commands to Configure General Settings eesssssss 163 e Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation sssessssss 179 OConfiguring tle EE 201 Managing PINGS e eir perdre ne ite eer ener Ee ee Pere ree re ee eig es 202 9 1 Overview of Remote Command Suffixes This chapter provides an overview of all suffixes used for remote commands in the LTE application Suffix Range Description allocation 0 to 99 Selects an allocation analyzer 1to8 Selects an instrument for MIMO measurements antenna 2104 Selects an antenna for MIMO measurements cci 1to2 Selects a component carrier Irrelevant for uplink measure ments cluster 1to2 Selects a cluster uplink only lt cwnum gt 1ton Selects a codeword lt k gt Selects a limit line Irrelevant for the LTE soft ware User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 125 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands a a SE a a ed 9 2 Introduction Suffix Range Description lt m gt Selects a marker Irrelevant for the LTE soft ware
208. ot work In this case install the required driver manually On the CD it is in the folder Install USB SmartCard Reader Driver Files named according to the pro User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 17 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome Licensing the Software cessor architecture OMNIKEY3x21_ x86 or OMNIKEY3x21_ x64 Detailed information on the file content and the download location for updated drivers can be found in the ReadMe txt file in the same folder You may have problems locking a computer while the card is inserted because MS Win dows tries to get log in information from the card immediately after you have locked the computer Solve this issue by changing a registry entry Either execute the registry file DisableCAD reg in the same folder the USM Smartcard reader installation files are located Or manually change the entry e Open the Windows Start Menu and select the Run item e Enter regedit in the dialog to open the system reigistry e Navigate to HKEY LOCAL MACHINE SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion policies system e Set the value of DisableCAD to 0 Note that security policies may prevent you from editing the value Contact your IT administrator if you have problems with editing the value or installing the drivers Ordering licenses In case of registered licenses the license key code is based on the serial number of the R amp S FSPC smartcard Thus you need to know the ser
209. ownlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics Tracking Phase Off e Timing L Phase Specifies whether or not the measurement results should be compensated for common phase error When phase compensation is used the measurement results will be com pensated for phase error on a per symbol basis Off Phase tracking is not applied Pilot Only Only the reference signal is used for the estimation of the phase error Pilot and Pay Both reference signal and payload resource elements are used for the load estimation of the phase error Remote command SENSe LTE DL TRACking PHASe on page 181 Timing Specifies whether or not the measurement results should be compensated for timing error When timing compensation is used the measurement results will be compensated for timing error on a per symbol basis Remote command SENSe LTE DL TRACking TIME on page 182 5 1 5 Configuring EVM Measurements The demodulation EVM settings contain settings that control the way the software cal culates EVM results The demodulation EVM settings are part of the Downlink Demodulation Settings tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics EVM EVM Calculation Method EVM 3GPP Definition v PDSCH Reference Data Auto Detect v EVM Calculation Method 1 n tir i
210. ows an error message A connection to an analyzer or a dongle is required to successfully load a file For more information see chapter 7 1 Importing and Exporting UO Data on page 108 Remote command SENSe INPut on page 164 4 1 3 Configuring the Input Level The level settings contain settings that control the input level of any analyzer in the mea surement setup You can control the input level for any of the input channels you are using separately from the dropdown menu next to the Level Settings label The level settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box _L_L________ M User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 63 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings Configuring the Measurement General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Level Settings Input Channel 2 e Auto Level E Reference Level RF 30 00 dBm Attenuation AF 10 dB Ext Att 0 00 dB D dBm Defining a Reference Level eclesie eee ee tacr euer o ku dan daa Gd 64 Attenuaurg the Le E E 65 Defining a Reference Level The reference level is the power level the analyzer expects at the RF input Keep in mind that the power level at the RF input is the peak envelope power in case of signals with a high crest factor like LTE To get the best dynamic range you have to set the reference level as low as possible At the same time make sure that the maximum signal level does not exceed
211. p 15to 16 e p 15to 18 e p 15to 22 Remote command CONFigure LTE DL CSIRs NAP on page 196 Configuration Index Defines the CSI reference signal configuration as defined in 3GPP TS 36 211 table 6 10 5 2 1 2 Remote command CONFigure LTE DL CSIRs CI on page 195 Subframe Configuration Defines the CSI reference signal subframe configuration index CSI RS as defined in 3GPP TS 36 211 table 6 10 5 3 1 Remote command CONFigure LTE DL CSIRs SCI on page 196 Relative Power CSI Reference Signal Defines the power of a CSI reference signal resource element in relation to the power of a common reference signal resource element Remote command CONFigure LTE DL CSIRs POWer on page 196 Frame Number Offset Defines the system frame number of the current frame that you want to analyze Because the positioning reference signal and the CSI reference signal usually have a periodicity of several frames for some reference signal configurations is it necessary to change the expected system frame number of the frame to be analyzed Note that if you define the frame number offset for either reference signal it is automat ically defined for both reference signals Remote command CONFigure LTE DL SFNO on page 195 _L______S_E A m e LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLULM 9 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 99 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings a ea 5 3 5 5 3 6 Defining Advanced Signa
212. p S9RTO B4 and R amp S9RTO K11 The hardware setup is illustrated in figure 8 5 All transmit antennas TX of the device under test DUT or an SMU are connected to the RF input of the RTO Either two or optionally four antennas are attached The LTE Software runs on a PC and is connected to the RTO via a local area network LAN LAN Computer Fig 8 5 Test setup for LTE MIMO measurements with an oscilloscope To successfully connect the software to the oscilloscope enter the correct network address in the Analyzer Configuration table and define the hardware properties for example the number of input channels EEUU ER N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 120 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurement Basics Performing Time Alignment Measurements General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Configuration DUT MIMO Configuration 2 Tx ntennas v TX Antenna Selection Auto 2 Antennas v Num Input Channels From Antenna Selection v Analyzer Configuration Input Number of Analyzer Channel VISA RSC hanne anne 1 Master TCPIP 192 0 2 0 2 Fig 8 6 Configuration of the R amp S RTO connection and input channels For configuring the number of active R amp S RTO inputs the DUT MIMO configuration 2 Tx antennas or 4 Tx antennas and the Tx Antenna Selection must be set The DUT MIMO configuration describes which antennas are available and the Tx antenna selection defines how many UO data
213. parameter is available only if you have selected SEM Category Home Remote command SENSe POWer SEM CHBS AMPower on page 179 4 5 6 Global Settings The global settings contain settings that are independent of other settings EN User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 79 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings Advanced Settings The global settings are part of the Advanced Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Global Settings Couple Screens Iv Stop Run Continuous r on Limit Check Fail TE ET 80 Step Run Continuous On Limit Check Fall 2 rr tene ter teinte 80 Couple Screens Couples and decouples markers that have the same x axis unit in the top and bottom result displays e g both result displays have a frequency axis In case of the constellation diagram the constellation selection is also coupled to the marker Stop Run Continuous On Limit Check Fail Stops a continuous measurement if the signal fails any limit check in the currently active result display For example the measurement would stop on an EVM PDSCH QPSK limit check fail if the result summary is active User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 80 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation 5 Demod Settings The following chapter contains all settings that are available in the Demodulation Set tings dialog box e Configu
214. ptimum support of packet switched PS services Main requirements for the design of an LTE system are documented in 3GPP TR 25 913 1 and can be summarized as follows User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 7 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Introduction ee a ee eae Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution e Data Rate Peak data rates target 100 Mbps downlink and 50 Mbps uplink for 20 MHz spectrum allocation assuming two receive antennas and one transmit antenna are at the terminal e Throughput The target for downlink average user throughput per MHz is three to four times better than Release 6 The target for uplink average user throughput per MHz is two to three times better than Release 6 e Spectrum efficiency The downlink target is three to four times better than Release 6 The uplink target is two to three times better than Release 6 e Latency The one way transit time between a packet being available at the IP layer in either the UE or radio access network and the availability of this packet at IP layer in the radio access network UE shall be less than 5 ms Also C plane latency shall be reduced e g to allow fast transition times of less than 100 ms from camped state to active state e Bandwidth Scaleable bandwidths of 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz and 20 MHz shall be supported Also bandwidths smaller than 5 MHz shall be supported for more flexibility e Interworking Interworking with existing UTRAN GERAN systems and non 3GPP
215. put bevel ee re rr n aed ee re REENEN ee 63 e Configuring the Data Capture 65 e Configuring Measurement Results A 67 e Configuring Time Alignment Measurements A 69 e Configuring Transmit On Off Power Measurements essen 70 4 1 1 Defining General Signal Characteristics The general signal characteristics contain settings to describe the general physical attrib utes of the signal The signal characteristics are part of the General Settings tab of the General Set tings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Signal Characteristics Standard Y Duplexing TDD Link Direction Downlink Frequency 1 GHz Selecufig tie LIE lee oio aede e orte Rep dte eee RA RO 61 Defining the Signal Frequency essen ennemis 62 Selecting the LTE Mode The LTE mode is a combination of the Standard always 3GPP LTE the Duplexing mode and the Link Direction The choices you have depend on the set of options you have installed LSS SS ea User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 61 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings Eh Configuring the Measurement option FSx K100 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE FDD signals on the downlink option FSx K101 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE FDD signals on the uplink option FSx K102 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE MIMO signals on the downlink option FSx K103 PC enables testing of 3GPP MIMO signals on the uplink option FSx K104 PC
216. r ACHannel AACHannel ee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesanaeaaaeaatenenes 175 ER POWer leren E 176 IGENSel SuEep EGATe AUTO 176 SENSe POWer SEM CATegory lt Category gt This command selects the SEM limit category as defined in 3GPP TS 36 104 Parameters lt Category gt A Category A Wide Area base station B1 Category B Opt 1 Wide Area base station B2 Category B Opt 2 Wide Area base station HOME Home base station LARE Local Area base station RST A Example POW GEM CAT B Selects SEM category B SENSe POWer ACHannel AACHannel lt Channel gt This command selects the assumed adjacent channel carrier for ACLR measurements Parameters lt Channel gt EUTRA Selects an EUTRA signal of the same bandwidth like the TX chan nel as assumed adjacent channel carrier UTRA128 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 1 28MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier UTRA384 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 3 84MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier UTRA768 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 7 68MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier RST EUTRA Example POW ACH AACH UTRA384 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 3 84MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier EE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 175 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 7 5 9 7 5 1 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings SENSe POWer NCORrection lt State gt This command turns noise correction for ACLR measu
217. r Manual 1308 9029 42 15 106 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Analyzing Measurement Results If there are parts of the trace data that are outside the visible display area the software shows arrows to the right of the diagram area The arrows point in the direction where the invisible trace data is If parts of the trace data is outside the visible area the arrows are yellow If all data in a particular direction is outside the visible area the arrows turn red To make sure that the whole trace is always visible you can use the automatic zoom Auto XY available in the Zoom menu gt Open the context menu and select the Pan menu item The software opens a submenu with several panning options ai x n Fig 6 3 Panning options e Panning vertically and horizontally XY Panning is possible in all directions e Panning horizontally X Panning is possible to the left and right e Panning vertically Y Panning is possible upwards and downwards Copying an image to the clipboard If you want to document measurement results you can move a copy of them to the clip board of the operating system gt Open the context menu and select the Copy to Clipboard menu item LEE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 107 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Data Management Importing and Exporting UO Data 7 Data Management For easy handling of special measurement configurations the software allows you to import or export variou
218. r Time On Off Power The On Off Power measurement shows the characteristics of an LTE TDD signal over time The transition from transmission to reception is an issue in TDD systems Therefore the measurement is available for TDD signals The measurement is designed to verify if the signal intervals during which no downlink signal is transmitted reception or off periods complies with the limits defined by 3GPP Because the transition from transmission on periods to reception has to be very fast in order to efficiently use the resources 3GPP has also defined limits for the transient periods The limits for these are also verified by the measurement Note that the measurement works only if you are using the RF input When you start the measurement the software records new UO data instead of using the data other UC measurements are based on For more information on setting up the measurement see chapter 8 6 Performing Transmit On Off Power Measurements on page 123 The result display for the On Off Power measurement consists of numerical results and the graphic display of the signal characteristics Numerical results The upper part of the result display shows the results in numerical form Each line in the table shows the measurement results for one off period ON OFF Power Start OFF Stop OFF Time at OFF Power Falling Trans Rising i Period Limit A to Limit Abs dBm P e Start OFF Period Limit Shows the begin
219. r both of the limit checks in each channel has passed the overall limit check for that channel also passes If both limit checks fail the overall limit check for that channel also fails EE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 46 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Spectrum ACLR table Atable above the result display contains information about the measurement in numerical form e Channel Shows the channel type TX Adjacent or Alternate Channel e Bandwidth Shows the bandwidth of the channel e Spacing Shows the channel spacing e Channel Power Shows the absolute or relative power of the corresponding channel e Ato Limit dB Shows the minimum distance to the limit line in the corresponding channel e Frequency at A to Limit GHz Shows the frequency of the trace point with the minimum distance to the limit line in the corresponding channel e Overall Limit Check Shows the overall limit check results PASS indicates a positive result FAIL a negative result Adj Chan Leakage Power Limit Adjacent 45 dB Ratio List Limit Alternate 45 dB Spacing TUM Overall Bandwidth Offset diy Limit Check 3 4 2 Iz Hz H Remote command Selection CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC ACP Limit check CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower ACHannel RESult on page 155 CALCulate n LIMit k ACPower ALTernate RESult on page 155 Reading results CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m
220. r1 lt I SF1 SymO Carrier n gt O SF 1 SymO Car rier n gt lt I SF1 Sym1 Carrier1 gt lt Q SF1 Sym1 Carrier1 gt lt I SF1 Sym1 Carrier n gt lt Q SF1 Sym1 Car rier n gt lt I SF n Sym n Carrier1 gt lt Q SF n Sym n Carrier1 gt lt I SF n Sym n Carrier n gt O SF n Sym n Carrier n With SF subframe and Sym symbol of that subframe The and Q values have no unit The number of return values depends on the constellation selection By default it returns all resource elements including the DC carrier The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns all constellation points included in the selection 9 6 1 12 EVM vs Carrier For the EVM vs Carrier result display the command returns one value for each subcarrier that has been analyzed lt EVM gt The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average EVM over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum EVM found over all subframes If you are analyzing a particular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum EVM found over all subframes If you are analyzing a particular subframe it returns nothing 9 6 1 13 EVM vs RB For the EVM vs RB result display the command returns one value for each resource block that has been analyzed lt EVM gt The unit depends on UNIT EVM EE User Manual 130
221. rated by different orthogonal sequences For the PHICH the Channel Decoder provides the ACK NACK pattern for the PHICH group and the relative power for each PHICH in the PHICH group Each line in the result table represents one PHICH group The columns on the left show the ACK NACK pattern of the PHICH group The columns on the right show the relative powers for each PHICH If a PHICH is not transmitted the table contains a sign Otherwise the ACK NACK pattern is either a 1 acknowledgement or a 0 not acknowledged The relative power is a numeric value in dB e PDCCH For each PDCCH that has been detected the Channel Decoder shows several results Each line in the table represents one PDCCH RNTI DCI Format Shows the Downlink Control Information DCI format The DCI contains infor mation about the resource assignment for the UEs The following DCI formats are supported 0 1 1A 1B 1C 2 2A 2C 3 3A The DCI format is determined by the length of the DCI Because they have the same length the Channel Decoder is not able to distinguish formats 0 3 and 3A Note that a DCI that consist of only zero bits cannot be decoded PDCCH format used to transmit the DCI CCE Offset The CCE Offset represents the position of the current DCI in the PDCCH bit stream Results for the PDCCH can only be determined if the PDSCH subframe configura tion is detected by the PDCCH Protocol or if automatic decoding of all control chan
222. refix CONF DL TDD SPSC 7 Selects subframe configuration 7 available only with a normal cyclic prefix FETCh CC lt cci gt CYCPrefix This command queries the cyclic prefix type that has been detected Return values lt PrefixType gt The command returns 1 if no valid result has been detected yet NORM Normal cyclic prefix length detected EXT Extended cyclic prefix length detected Example FETC CYCP Returns the current cyclic prefix length type Usage Query only Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity CONFigure LTE DL COC PLC CID uei err onn Hae eee eec ried 185 CONFigure LETTE DLE CCCII ee ee 186 CONEourel LTEFDLFGGeelsl PLCRUD tette ntes 186 FETCH CO sca Nee e TE 186 FETCh CO lt 06 EPECIPEIDT EEN 187 CONFigure L TE DL CC cci PLC CID lt Cellld gt This command defines the cell ID eee User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 185 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation Parameters lt Cellld gt AUTO Automatically defines the cell ID lt numeric value gt Number of the cell ID Range 0 to 503 Example CONF NOCC 2 CONF DL CC1 PLC CID 12 CONF DL CC2 PLC CID 15 Selects 2 carriers and defines a cell ID for each one CONFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt PLC CIDGroup lt GroupNumber gt This command selects the cell ID group for downlink signals Parameters lt GroupNumber gt AUTO Automatic selection 0 167 Manual se
223. rements on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example POW NCOR ON Activates noise correction SENSe SWEep EGATe AUTO lt State gt This command turns auto gating for SEM and ACLR measurements on and off This command is available for TDD measurements in combination with an external or IF power trigger Parameters lt State gt ON Evaluates the on period of the LTE signal only OFF Evaluates the complete signal Example SWE EGAT AUTO ON Turns auto gating on Remote Commands for Advanced Settings This chapter contains all remote control commands to control the advanced settings For more information on advanced settings see chapter 4 5 Advanced Settings on page 76 e Controlling WO Data ie na np ctr denter EE tir ha er e Fn tra XR Ra Fair RE an 176 e Configuring the Baseband Inptl 2 5 2 cc dere Deere iain 177 e Using Advanced Input Settings cerea iado ertet LER 178 e Configuring the Digital UO Input 178 e Configuring Home Base SIauors iiie eet rebels 179 Controlling UO Data Co E 176 SENSe SWAPiq State This command turns a swap of the and Q branches on and off Parameters State ON OFF RST OFF EE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 176 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 7 5 2 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Example SWAP ON Turns a swap of the and Q branches on Configuring the Baseband Input lee eg
224. ries the RSTP Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary SERRor MAXimum FETCh SUMMary SERRor MINimum FETCh SUMMary SERRor AVERage This command queries the sampling error Return values lt SamplingError gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average sampling error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit ppm Example FETC SUMM SERR Returns the current mean sampling error in ppm Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary TFRame This command queries the sub frame start offset as shown in the Capture Buffer result display ES User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 139 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands i aaa ed Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Return values lt Offset gt Time difference between the sub frame start and capture buffer start Default unit s Example FETC SUMM TFR Returns the sub frame start offset Usage Query only FETCh TAERror CC lt cci gt ANTenna lt antenna gt MAXimum FETCh TAERror CC lt cci gt ANTenna lt antenna gt MINimum FETCh TAERror CC lt cci gt ANTenna lt antenna gt AVERage This command queries the time alignment error Return values lt Time Alignment Minimum maximum or average time alignment error depending Error gt on the last command syntax element Default unit s Example FETC TAER ANT2 Returns the average time alignment error between the reference antenna and antenna 2 in s Usage Query onl
225. ring Downlink Signal Demodulation esses 81 e Defining Downlink Signal Characheristce AAA 87 e Defining Advanced Signal Characheristice 95 5 1 Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation The downlink demodulation settings contain settings that describe the signal processing and the way the signal is measured You can find the demodulation settings in the Demod Settings dialog box e Selecting the Demodulation Method 81 e Configuring Multicarrier Base Stations nescsnesasanisoiairinia i aiii daai 82 e Configuring Parameter Eetmaton menn 83 e Compensating Signal ERR oeh 83 e Configuring EVM Measurements reden iere NEE RE ege ene 84 e Processing Demodulated Data 85 e Configuring MIMO Setups cruaczccci een coner xnnacce recente e ee Ra cete tn ice en fete cn 86 5 1 1 Selecting the Demodulation Method The PDSCH demodulation settings contain settings that describe the way the PDSCH is demodulated during measurements The demodulation settings are part of the Downlink Demodulation Settings tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Downlink Demodulation Settings Downlink Signal Characteristics Downlink Advanced Signal Characteristics Demodulation Auto PDSCH Demodulation PDSCH Subframe Physical D 3 Configuration Detection ysical Detection Auto Ee RE e DEE EN PDSCH Subframe Configuration Detection eoe cenae tte rr ditas 82 Auto PDSCH Demodulation Turns automatic de
226. rn value would be 100022 200022 or 300022 depending on the configuration Do eo wa SSE SSS SESE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 152 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands REESEN Remote Commands to Read Trace Data lt codeword gt Represents the codeword of an allocation The range is 0 6 e 0 1 1 e 1 17 e 2 272 e 3 1 4 e 4 2 4 e 5 3 4 e 6 4 4 DCI format Represents the DCi format The value is a number in the range 0 103 e 0 DCI format 0 e 10 DCI format 1 e 11 DCI format 1A e 12 DCI format 1B e 13 DCI format 1C e 14 DCI format 1D e 20 DCI format 2 e 21 DCI format 2A e 22 DCI format 2B e 23 DCI format 2C e 30 DCI format 3 e 31 DCI format A e 103 DCI format 0 3 3A lt modulation gt Represents the modulation scheme The range is 0 8 e 0 unrecognized e 1 RBPSK e 2 QPSK e 3 16QAM e 4 64QAM e 5 8PSK e 6 PSK e 7 mixed modulation e 8 BPSK RETE RE E T e e A A LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLALLLLLLLALALALAAALLLLALULLULLLI X User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 153 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands aaa ET Remote Commands to Read Trace Data lt number of symbols or bits gt In hexadecimal mode this represents the number of symbols to be transmitted In binary mode it represents the number of bits to be transmitted lt PHICH duration gt Represents the PHICH duration The range is 1 2 e 1 normal e 2 e
227. s The MIMO settings contain settings to configure a MIMO test setup and control the instruments in that test setup The MIMO settings are part of the Analyzer Config MIMO Setup tab of the General Settings dialog box General MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Configuration DUT MIMO Configuration 1 Tx Antenna M TX Antenna Selection Auto 1 Antenna Y Num Input Channels From Antenna Selection e Analyzer Configuration Input Number of Analyzer Channel VISA RSC Channels Input Channel LOCALHOST 3 l 1 zl MIMO eut ee TEE 72 MIMO Analyzer Configuration oboe eo oret tette i eonun monies 73 _L_L_L________S TN User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 71 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC General Settings REESEN Configuring MIMO Measurement Setups MIMO Configuration The software supports measurements on DUTs with up to 8 antennas and is thus able to capture up to 8 I Q data streams You can select the number of antennas that transmit cell specific reference signals antenna ports AP 0 to 3 from the DUT MIMO Configu ration dropdown menu The Tx Antenna Selection dropdown menu selects a particular antenna for evaluation The number of items depends on the number of antennas you have selected in the DUT MIMO Configuration dropdown menu Antenna 1 corresponds to APO Antenna 2 corresponds to AP1 Antenna 3 corresponds to AP2 Antenna 4 corresponds to AP3 If you select the Auto menu item the softwar
228. s inserted prior to each OFDM symbol 5 MHz Bandwidth FFT Is diu Ny Frequency Time a A k A a A A A Fig 1 1 Frequency Time Representation of an OFDM Signal In practice the OFDM signal can be generated using the inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT digital signal processing The IFFT converts a number N of complex data symbols used as frequency domain bins into the time domain signal Such an N point IFFT is illustrated in figure 1 2 where a mN n refers to the n subchannel modulated data symbol during the time period mT lt t m 1 T User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 9 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Introduction Long Term Evolution Downlink Transmission Scheme mT m 4 1 T time a mN 0 mT a mN 1 time time a mN 2 D Sm 0 sl Self Sm N 1 S4 m 4 1 T frequency Fig 1 2 OFDM useful symbol generation using an IFFT The vector s is defined as the useful OFDM symbol It is the time superposition of the N narrowband modulated subcarriers Therefore from a parallel stream of N sources of data each one independently modulated a waveform composed of N orthogonal sub carriers is obtained with each subcarrier having the shape of a frequency sinc function see figure 1 1 figure 1 3 illustrates the mapping from a serial stream of QAM symbols to N parallel streams used as frequency domain bins for the IFFT The N point time domain blocks obtained from the IFFT are then ser
229. s kinds of data 7 1 Importing and Exporting UO Data Instead of capturing data directly through hardware components you can also analyze data that has been recorded previously and saved in a file On the same lines it is also possible to save the data that has been captured with an analyzer for further analysis at a later time or for documentation You can store and load UO data in binary or ASCII format For a correct display of the power the UO data has to be scaled linearily in Volt e g for the Capture Buffer result display Loading I Q data Load the contents of an UO data file into the software fast and easy by dragging and dropping the file somwhere into the user interface The software updates the I Q data to be measured automatically All functionality to import and export data is in the File menu or file manager that you can access via the FILE key ASCII format dat format In case of the ASCII dat format the data is expected as and Q values in alternating rows value 1 lt Q value 1 gt value 2 gt lt Q value 2 gt To be able to analyze previously recorded data you have to set the input source to File When you start a measurement the software will ask you to select a file that con tains the data To save data enter the file manager and save the data with Save IQ Data Binary format iqw format In case of the binary iqw format the data is expected in 32 bit floating poi
230. s of the reference symbols within a subframe divided by the number of reference symbols within a sub frame FETCh SUMMary RSTP AVERage on page 139 OSTP Shows the OFDM symbol transmit power as defined in 3GPP TS 36 141 It accumulates all subcarrier powers of the 4th OFDM symbol The 4th out of 14 OFDM symbols within a subframe in case of frame type 1 normal CP length contains exclusively PDSCH FETCh SUMMary OSTP AVERage on page 137 RSSI Shows the Received Signal Strength Indicator The RSSI is the complete signal power of the channel that has been measured regardless of the origin of the signal FETCh SUMMary RSSI AVERage on page 139 Power Shows the average time domain power of the analyzed signal FETCh SUMMary POWer AVERage on page 138 Crest Factor Shows the peak to average power ratio of captured signal FETCh SUMMary CRESt AVERage on page 134 Measuring the Power Over Time This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the power of a signal over time Capture TT 33 NE do MC 35 Power vs Symbol ll once tate te A bad did oe da teg ER ad ct dida 37 Time Alignment ue 38 Capture Buffer The Capture Buffer result display shows the complete range of captured data for the last data capture The x axis represents time The maximum value of the x axis is equal to the Capture Time The y axis represents the amplitude of the captured UO
231. s to com pute a variety of measurement variables EVM The error vector magnitude EVM measurement results EVM PDSCH QPSK 16 QAM 64 QAM are calculated according to the specification in 3GPP TS 36 211 All other EVM measurement results are calculated according to 8 2 on subcarrier k at OFDM symbol where D is the boosting factor Since the average power of all possible constellations is 1 when no boosting is applied the equation can be rewritten as m E oul EVM b 8 3 The average EVM of all data subcarriers is then ERE RE E T e e LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLUALLILO Sg User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 115 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurement Basics MIMO Measurement Guide EVM gata gt J EM en REdata kaata Mi 8 4 The number of resource elements taken into account is denoted by Npe aata UO imbalance The UO imbalance can be written as re r8 i6 JOO 8 5 where s t is the transmit signal r t is the received signal and and Q are the weighting factors We define that I 1 and Q 1 AQ The UO imbalance estimation makes it possible to evaluate the modulator gain balance 1 AQ 8 6 and the quadrature mismatch arg 1 AQ 8 7 based on the complex valued estimate 4 Other measurement variables Without going into detail the EUTRA LTE downlink measurement application additionally provides the following results e Total power e
232. selects the duplexing mode User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 163 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 7 1 2 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Parameters lt Duplexing gt TDD Time division duplex FDD Frequency division duplex RST FDD Example CONF DUPL TDD Activates time division duplex CONFigure LTE LDIRection Direction This command selects the link direction Parameters lt Direction gt DL Downlink UL Uplink Example CONF LDIR DL EUTRA LTE option is configured to analyze downlink signals SENSe FREQuency CENTer CC lt cci gt lt Frequency gt This command sets the center frequency for RF measurements Parameters lt Frequency gt lt numeric value gt Range fmin to fmax RST 1 GHz Default unit Hz Example FREQ CENT 2GHZ Set the center frequency to 2 GHz Selecting the Input Source SENSGTNPUL cicer cra che o cau cw orani daa aad utn x vae ud daca aindaing NEES ad 164 SENSe INPut Source This command selects the signal source ERREUR E E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 164 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands EE EE 9 7 1 3 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Parameters lt Source gt RF Select radio frequency input as signal source AIQ Select analog UO input baseband as signal source DIQ Select digital UO input as signal source Example INP DIQ Select digital UO as signal source Configurin
233. source element lt P Symbol 0 Carrier 1 gt lt P Symbol 0 Carrier n gt lt P Symbol 1 Carrier 1 gt P Symbol 1 Carrier n P Symbol n Carrier 1 P Symbol n Carrier n with P 2 Power of a resource element T User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 150 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands BREET Remote Commands to Read Trace Data The unit is always dBm Resource elements that are unused return NAN The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 9 6 1 23 Spectrum Emission Mask For the SEM measurement the number and type of returns values depend on the param eter e TRACE1 Returns one value for each trace point lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm e LIST Returns the contents of the SEM table For every frequency in the spectrum emission mask it returns nine values lt index gt lt start frequency in Hz gt lt stop frequency in Hz gt lt RBW in Hz limit fail frequency in Hz absolute power in dBm gt relative power in dBc limit distance in dB limit check result The limit check result is either a 0 for PASS or a 1 for FAIL 9 6 1 24 UE RS Weights Magnitude For the UE RS Weights Magnitude result display the command returns one value for each subcarrier that has been analyzed Magnitude The unit dB The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the magnitude of the measured weights of the refere
234. sults STAT SFLO Signal Flow eee User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 130 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands 9 4 Remote Commands to Perform Measurements Example CALC2 FEED PVT CBUF Select Capture Buffer to be displayed on screen B DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TABLe State This command turns the result summary on and off Parameters lt State gt ON Turns the result summary on and removes all graphical results from the screen OFF Turns the result summary off and restores the graphical results that were previously set Example DISP TABL OFF Turns the result summary off Remote Commands to Perform Measurements lge TEE 131 lig woizginci c 131 GE le E dh E 132 ISENSeIEETEEOOPOWQI A TIMING E 132 CONFigure L TE DL GONS EOQGation eere ck eana Lee r etn ern Ra nhan inni 132 Elei Le ue NOR 133 INITiate IMMediate This command initiates a new measurement sequence With a frame count gt 0 this means a restart of the corresponding number of measure ments In single sweep mode you can synchronize to the end of the measurement with OPC In continuous sweep mode synchronization to the end of the sweep is not possible Example INIT Initiates a new measurement Usage Event INITiate REFResh This command updates the current UO measurement results to reflect the current mea surement settings No new I Q data is captured Thus
235. systems shall be ensured Multimode terminals shall support handover to and from UTRAN and GERAN as well as inter RAT measurements Interruption time for hand over between EUTRAN and UTRAN GERAN shall be less than 300 ms for realtime Services and less than 500 ms for non realtime services e Multimedia broadcast multicast services MBMS MBMS shall be further enhanced and is then referred to as E MBMS e Costs Reduced CAPEX and OPEX including backhaul shall be achieved Costef fective migration from Release 6 UTRA radio interface and architecture shall be pos sible Reasonable system and terminal complexity cost and power consumption shall be ensured All the interfaces specified shall be open for multivendor equipment interoperability e Mobility The system should be optimized for low mobile speed 0 to 15 km h but higher mobile speeds shall be supported as well including high speed train environ ment as a special case e Spectrum allocation Operation in paired frequency division duplex FDD mode and unpaired spectrum time division duplex TDD mode is possible e Co existence Co existence in the same geographical area and co location with GERAN UTRAN shall be ensured Also co existence between operators in adjacent bands as well as cross border co existence is a requirement e Quality of Service End to end quality of service QoS shall be supported VoIP should be supported with at least as good radio and backhaul efficiency
236. t Error to cater oe me NEA g EP Mean 0 05 ns You can select the reference antenna via Antenna Selection in the MIMO Configura tion User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 38 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM When you perform a time alignment measurement the software also displays the Power Spectrum result display Remote command CALCulate lt screenid gt FEED PVT TAER FETCh TAERror CC lt cci gt ANTenna lt antenna gt AVERage on page 140 CONFigure LTE DL CC lt cci gt MIMO ASELection on page 187 FETCh CC cci SUMMary RFERror AVERage on page 138 3 3 Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the error vector mag nitude EVM of a signal The EVM is one of the most important indicators for the quality of a signal For more information on EVM calculation methods refer to chapter 8 Measurement Basics on page 112 EVM ECXOr Mp 39 EVM VS Symbol deed ra e E desee uude e cu eue du tert d d ua 40 EVM VS S CI E 41 EVM VS RB urpiri i EA ENEE 41 EVM VS Sublfatme T TR EE O 42 Frequency Error vs ees auc tir EE 43 EVM vs Carrier Starts the EVM vs Carrier result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM of the subcarriers With the help of a marker you can use it as a debugging technique to identify any su
237. t LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM DSQP RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM DSSF MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM DSSF AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all PDSCH resource elements with a 64QAM modulation Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM DSSF RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM DSST MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM DSST AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all PDSCH resource elements with a 16QAM modulation User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 159 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands mu Q BEELER LEE t Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends
238. the capture length in ms 2 5 Configuring the Software This chapter contains information about general software functionality 2 5 4 Configuring the Display The Display menu contains functionality to improve the display and documentation of results gt Press the DISP key The application features four screens or result displays Each of the screens may con tain a different result display The number of visible screens depends on the screen lay out Full screen mode In full screen mode the application shows the contents a single screen gt Press the Full Screen softkey User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 27 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome 2 5 2 Configuring the Software If you have configured more than one result displays these are still working in the back ground Split screen mode In split screen mode the application shows the contents of two screens either screen A and screen B or screen C and screen D gt Press the Split Screen softkey If you have configured more than two result displays these are still working in the back ground 2x2 split screen mode In 2x2 split screen mode the application shows the contents of four screens gt Press the 2x2 Split Screen softkey Limitations For the Spectrum Emission Mask ACLR and On Off Power measurements a maximum of two screens is possible By default the software shows the results in all four screens The screens are labeled A
239. tidem end needed 84 PDO SCH RTR E 85 EVM Calculation Method Selects the method to calculate the EVM e EVM 3GPP Definition Calculation of the EVM according to 3GPP TS 36 141 Evaluates the EVM at two trial timing positions and then uses the maximum EVM of the two e At Optimal Timing Position EEUU RE E AE T e e LL LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLULLUU S XJ User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 84 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation Calculates the EVM using the optimal timing position Remote command SENSe LTE DL DEMod EVMCalc on page 182 PDSCH Reference Data Selects the type of reference data to calculate the EVM for the PDSCH e Auto detect Automatically identifies the reference data for the PDSCH by analyzing the signal e AIO E TM Sets the PDSCH reference data to a fixed value of 0 This value is according to the test model definition To get valid results you have to use a DUT that transmits an all zero data vector This setting is a good way if you are expecting signals with a high EVM because the automatic detection will not be reliable in that case Remote command SENSe LTE DL DEMod PRData on page 182 Processing Demodulated Data The demodulated data settings contain settings that control the way the software handles demodulated data The demodulated data settings are part of the Downlink Demodulation
240. tio ACLR measurements are the only frequency sweep measurements available for the EUTRA LTE measurement software They do not use the I Q data all other measurements use Instead those measurements sweep the frequency spectrum every time you run a new measurement Therefore it is not possible to to run an I Q measurement and then view the results in the frequency sweep measurements and vice versa Also because each of the frequency sweep measurements uses different settings to obtain signal data it is not possible to run a frequency sweep measurement and view the results in another fre quency sweep measurement Frequency sweep measurements are available if RF input is selected Note that unwanted emissions measurements for example the ACLR are not supported for measurements with an oscilloscope Spectrum Mask Starts the Spectrum Emission Mask SEM result display The Spectrum Emission Mask measurement shows the quality of the measured signal by comparing the power values in the frequency range near the carrier against a spectral mask that is defined by the 3GPP specifications In this way you can test the performance of the DUT and identify the emissions and their distance to the limit In the diagram the SEM is represented by a red line If any measured power levels are above that limit line the test fails If all power levels are inside the specified limits the test is passed The software labels the limit line to indicate whether th
241. tion Antenna 1 140 1 Power dBm 36 1 300 200 5 a 100 5 4 S be a 120 Remote command CALCulate lt n gt FEED STAT PVSC TRACe DATA Time Alignment Error Starts the Time Alignment Error result display The time alignment is an indicator of how well the transmission antennas in a MIMO system are synchronized The Time Alignment Error is the time delay between a refer ence antenna for example antenna 1 and another antenna For more information see chapter 8 5 Performing Time Alignment Measurements on page 121 The software shows the results in a table Each row in the table represents one antenna The reference antenna is not shown For each antenna the maximum minimum and average time delay that has been mea sured is shown The minimum and maximum results are calculated only if the measure ment covers more than one frame If you perform the measurement on a system with carrier aggregation each row repre sents one antenna The number of lines increases because of multiple carriers The ref erence antenna of the main component carrier CC1 is not shown In case of carrier aggregation the result display also evaluates the frequency error of the component car rier CC2 relative to the main component carrier CC1 For more information on con figuring this measurement see chapter 4 1 6 Configuring Time Alignment Measure ments on page 69 Time Alignment Error Reference Antenna Antenna Time Aliamen
242. tion SUITBIV EE 54 Bi STSI M ge 55 Allocation ID vs Symbol x Cartier 2 03 iccecevsietecnadlenelntesteentdacceenradigietaaiaaaeeeee 56 Channel Decoder Results 4 eeleeeeeeieceseeceker eene sce ennt eae pn nante a uaa eaae ae ad 57 CCDF Starts the Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function CCDF result display This result display shows the probability of an amplitude exceeding the mean power For the measurement the complete capture buffer is used The x axis represents the power relative to the measured mean power On the y axis the probability is plotted in 96 EE User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 53 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Measuring Statistics Crest Factor 69dB Selection Antenna 1 Bm a 0 01 0 001 0 0001 Remote command n FEEF HN AT CCDE Signal Flow Starts the Signal Flow result display This result display shows the synchronization status of the current measurement It also shows the location of the synchronization error in the signal processing For each synchronization block a bar is shown giving information about the reliability of the synchronization result If the level in the bar falls below the threshold indicated by the horizontal line the synchronization is marked as failed and the color of the bar changes from green to red When the synchronization of the block fails the complete bloc
243. tion Tests ene 79 Global Seng m 79 RR E CN Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation eee 81 Selecting the Demodulation Meibod enne 81 Configuring Multicarrier Base Gtatons enne 82 Configuring Parameter Estimation sse een 83 Compensating Signal Errors cssssessssseeeenee eene nnne 83 Configuring EVM Measurements nennen nennen nnns 84 Processing Demodulated Data 85 Configuring MIMO Setups nennen nennen enne nenne 86 Defining Downlink Signal Characteristics eese 87 Defining the Physical Signal Charachertetice 87 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Jdenmttv sese 89 Configuring MIMO Measurements sse mener nnns 90 Configuring POSCH Gubtrames A 91 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 4 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Contents 5 3 5 3 1 5 3 2 5 3 3 5 3 4 5 3 5 5 3 6 5 3 7 7 1 7 2 7 3 8 1 8 2 8 3 8 3 1 8 3 2 8 3 3 8 4 8 4 1 8 4 2 8 5 8 6 9 1 9 2 9 2 1 9 2 2 9 2 3 9 2 4 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics eeeeeenenee 95 Configuring the Synchronization Signal eene 95 Configuring the Reference Gional nennen 96 Configuring Positioning Reference Gonale nnn 96 Configuring Channel State Information Reference Gonzal 98 Defining the PDSCH Resource Block Symbol Offset 100 Configuring the Control Channels seen 100 Configuring the Shared Channel 103 A
244. to D to the right of the measurement diagrams The label of the currently active screen is highlighted green E The currently active screen is the one settings are applied to Switch between the screens with the Screen A Screen B Screen C and Screen D hotkeys The background color of the software by default is black Apply another color via the Color Selection softkey and the corresponding dialog box For documentation purposes the software provides a hardcopy function that lets you save the current results in one of the following formats e bmp e gif e jpeg e png e tiff Use the Hardcopy to Clipboard function to take a screeshot DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect on page 201 Configuring the Software The Setup menu contains various general software functions E User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 28 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Welcome Configuring the Software gt Press the SETUP key to access the Setup menu Configure Analyzer Connection Opens the General Settings dialog box For more information see MIMO Analyzer Configuration on page 73 Data Source Instr File Selects the general input source an instrument or a file For more information see Selecting the Input Source on page 63 Dongle License Info Opens the Rohde amp Schwarz License Information dialog box The dialog box contains functionality to add new registered licenses For more infor mation see chapter 2 1 Lice
245. to communicate with an analyzer R amp S FSQ R amp S FSG R amp S FSV R amp S FSVR or R amp S FSW or oscilloscope R amp S RTO family you have to connect it to a computer You can use the IEEE bus GPIB or a local area network LAN Requirements To be able to capture UO data you need one of the signal analyzers or oscilloscopes mentioned above If you are using an R amp S FSQ you must e use firmware 3 65 or higher to be able to establish a connection via TCP IP or e install the RSIB passport driver on the computer The driver is available for download at http www rohde schwarz com appnote 1EF47 To establish a connection you also have to determine the network address of the ana lyzer and set it up in the LTE software Instrument Configuration The functionality necessary to establish the connection to the test equipment is part of the Analyzer Config MIMO Setup tab of the General Settings dialog box The software supports simultaneous connections to several analyzers or oscilloscopes Using a combination of analyzers and oscilloscopes is also possible The software auto matically detects if you have connected an analyzer or an oscilloscope On the whole you can perform measurement on up to eight input channels Each input channel cap tures one UO data stream If you use a spectrum or signal analyzer one input channel corresponds to one instru ment s RF input Thus the required number of analyzers depends on th
246. umber of Groups Sets the number of PHICH groups contained in a subframe To select a number of groups you have to set the PHICH N g to Custom Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PHICh NOGRoups on page 199 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 102 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings 5 3 6 4 5 3 7 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics PHICH Rel Power Defines the power of the PHICH relative to the reference signal Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PHICh POWer on page 200 Configuring the PDCCH The physical downlink control channel PDCCH carries the downlink control information The PDCCH is always present You can define several specific parameters for the PDCCH PDCCH Format Defines the format of the PDCCH physical downlink control channel Note that PDCCH format 1 is not defined in the standard This format corresponds to the transmission of one PDCCH on all available resource element groups As a special case for this PDCCH format the center of the constellation diagram is treated as a valid constellation point Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PDCCh FORMat on page 198 Number of PDCCHs Sets the number of physical downlink control channels This parameter is available if the PDCCH format is 1 Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PDCCh NOPD on page 199 PDCCH Rel Power Defines the power of the PDCCH relative to the reference signal Remote command CONFigure LTE DL PDCCh PO
247. values lt LimitCheck gt Returns two values one for the upper and one for the lower adja cent channel 1 Limit check has passed 0 Limit check has failed Example CALC LIM ACP ACH RES ALL Queries the results of the adjacent channel limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower ALTernate RESult lt Result gt This command queries the limit check results for the alternate channels during ACLR measurements Query parameters lt Result gt ALL Queries the overall limit check results REL Queries the channel power limit check results ABS Queries the distance to the limit line EET RU SSS SSS User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 155 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands ee a eee eal Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Return values lt LimitCheck gt Returns two values one for the upper and one for the lower alter nate channel 1 Limit check has passed 0 Limit check has failed Example CALC LIM ACP ALT RES ALL Queries the results of the alternate channel limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt FUNCtion POWer RESult CURRent This command queries the current results of the ACLR measurement or the total signal power level of the SEM measurement To get a valid result you have to perform a complete measurement with synchronization to the end of the measurement before reading out the result This is only possible for single sweeps
248. w Channel Decoder Results Allocation ID PBCH 1 Tx Ant Bandwidth 10 MHz normal duration PHICH resource 1 6 bols for PDCCH ACK 1 HACK 0 Rel Power dB 0 00 3 011 3 01 24 01 00 0 0 0 3 01 22 01 28 01 3 01 e 21 01 0 0 0 3 01 25 01 3 01 0 01 3 01 3 01 23 01 PCFICH 2 symbols for PDCCH For each channel the table shows a different set of values e PBCH For the PBCH the Channel Decoder provides the following results User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 57 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays Measuring Statistics the MIMO configuration of the DUT 1 2 or 4 TX antennas the Transmission bandwidth the Duration of the PHICH normal or extended the PHICH resource which is the same as PHICH N 1 6 1 2 1 or 2 System frame number If the CRC is not valid a corresponding message is shown instead of the results Results for the PBCH can only be determined if the PHICH Duration or the PHICH N_g are automatically determined Auto or if automatic decoding of all control channels is turned on e PCFICH For the PCFICH the Channel Decoder provides the number of OFDM symbols that are used for PDCCH at the beginning of a subframe e PHICH The PHICH carries the hybrid ARQ ACK NACK Multiple PHICHs mapped to the same set of resource elements are a PHICH group The PHICHs within one group are sepa
249. wer numeric value RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL SYNC SPOW 0 5 Sets a relative power of 0 5 dB Configuring the Reference Signal CONFg rel LTEN RT e TE 194 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 193 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands REESEN Remote Command to Configure the Demodulation CONFigure LTE DL REFSig POWer lt Power gt This command defines the relative power of the reference signal Parameters lt Power gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 dB Default unit DB Example CONF DL REFS POW 1 2 Sets a relative power of 1 2 dB 9 8 3 3 Configuring the Positioning Reference Signal GCONFigure TEE DEIPRSSIS TANG ieee creto ied ag Aenean 194 EE Le e E RTE ii tide ipie edo e sgh ceived eat eap aad a bate teh nba ac densa 194 CON Figure ETE DLAPR SSC MEE TR 194 GONFigure il EF EES NEES eiert DEES E Eaa 195 GONFiSurebETEEDEIPRSSIPOWLot 2 et peto ide taa seg of Rar nacen a ea on tr ee FRE one eot nea 195 CONFigure E TEEFDL SENO iride rient rin dc ced d dn 195 CONFigure L TE DL PRSS STATe State This command turns the positioning reference signal on and off Parameters State ON OFF Example CONF DL PRSS STAT ON Turns the positioning reference signal on CONFigure LTE DL PRSS BW lt Bandwidth gt This command defines the bandwidth of the positioning reference signal Parameters lt Bandwidth gt BW1 40 BW3_00 BW5_00 BW10_00 BW15_00 BW20_00 RST
250. when you start the software The limits you can customize work for the Result Summary Limits are defined in the xml file format Any xml elements you do not want to define can be left out either by making no entry or by deleting the corresponding element lt Limits gt lt DL gt lt EVM gt lt PDSCHQPSK Mean 0 175 gt lt PDSCHOPSK gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 110 Importing and Exporting Limits lt PDSCH16QAM Mean 0 125 gt lt PDSCH16QAM gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt XPDSCH64QAM Mean 0 08 gt lt PDSCH64QAM gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt PhysicalChannel gt lt PhysicalChannel gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt PhysicalSignal PhysicalSignal Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt XAll All Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt EVM gt lt FrequencyError gt lt FrequencyError gt lt Unit Hz gt lt SamplingClockError gt lt SamplingClockError gt lt Unit ppm gt lt TimeAlignmentError gt lt TimeAlignmentError gt lt Unit ns gt IQOffset IQOffset Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt IQGainImbalance gt lt IQGainImbalance gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt IQQuadraturError gt lt IQQuadraturError gt lt Unit gt lt OSTP gt lt OSTP gt lt Unit W gt lt PowerTotal gt lt Power
251. wnlink Advanced Signal Characteristics Parameter Estimation Boosting Estimation IT Channel Estimation EVM 3GPP Definition Y lee NEE 83 Channel E SIMAO M EE 83 Boosting Estimation Turns boosting estimation on and off If active the software automatically sets the relative power settings of all physical chan nels and the P S SYNC by analyzing the signal Remote command SENSe LTE DL DEMod BESTimation on page 181 Channel Estimation Selects the method of channel estimation e EVM 3GPP Definition Channel estimation according to 3GPP TS 36 141 This method is based on aver aging in frequency direction and linear interpolation Examines the reference signal only e Optimal Pilot only Optimal channel estimation method Examines the reference signal only e Optimal Pilot and Payload Optimal channel estimation method Examines both the reference signal and the payload resource elements Remote command SENSe LTE DL DEMod CESTimation on page 181 Compensating Signal Errors The tracking settings contain settings that compensate for various common signal errors that may occur The tracking settings are part of the Downlink Demodulation Settings tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box RETE RE E N User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 83 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Demod Settings Configuring Downlink Signal Demodulation Downlink Demodulation Settings D
252. xtended PHICH resource Represents the parameter Ng The range is 1 4 e 1 N 1 6 e 2 N 1 2 e 3 N 1 e 4 N 2 TRACe DATA Result This command returns the trace data for the current measurement or result display For more information see chapter 9 6 1 Using the TRACe DATA Command on page 140 Query parameters lt TraceNumber gt TRACE1 TRACE2 TRACE3 LIST PBCH PCFICH PHICH PDCCH Usage Query only 9 6 2 Reading Out Limit Check Results e Checking Limits for Graphical Result Displavs A 155 e Checking Limits for Numerical Result Display 157 User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 154 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands mmm H r ed Remote Commands to Read Trace Data 9 6 2 1 Checking Limits for Graphical Result Displays CAL Culate nz LUlMitcks ACPBowerACHannelREGur 155 CAL Culate nz LUlMitcks ACBower Al TemateREGult 155 CAL Culate nzM Abkermz FUNGCHon bOMWer RE Gu CUbRbent 156 CAL Culate nz LUlMitcks O0Obower Okt bBower 157 CAL Culate nz LUlMitcks OObowerTRANslent 157 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower ACHannel RESult lt Result gt This command queries the limit check results for the adjacent channels during ACLR measurements Query parameters lt Result gt ALL Queries the overall limit check results REL Queries the channel power limit check results ABS Queries the distance to the limit line Return
253. y 9 6 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data e Using the TRACe DATA Commande 140 e Reading Out Limit Check Results 154 9 6 1 Using the TRACe DATA Command This chapter contains information on the TRACe DATA command and a detailed descrip tion of the characteristics of that command The TRACe DATA command queries the trace data or results of the currently active measurement or result display The type number and structure of the return values are specific for each result display In case of results that have any kind of unit the command returns the results in the unit you have currently set for that result display Note also that return values for results that are available for both downlink and uplink may be different For several result displays the command also supports various SCPI parameters in combination with the query If available each SCPI parameter returns a different aspect of the results If SCPI parameters are supported you have to quote one in the query User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 140 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands i aaa ad Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Example TRAC2 DATA TRACE1 The format of the return values is either in ASCII or binary characters and depends on the format you have set with FORMat DATA Following this detailed description you will find a short summary of the most important functions of the command TRACe DATA e Adjacent Channel Leakage Rafl
254. y CENTer 1GHZ without unit SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1E9 would also set a frequency of 1 GHz Values exceeding the resolution of the instrument are rounded up or down If the number you have entered is not supported e g in case of discrete steps the command returns an error Querying numeric values When you query numeric values the system returns a number In case of physical quan tities it applies the basic unit e g Hz in case of frequencies The number of digits after the decimal point depends on the type of numeric value Example Setting SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1GHZ Query SENSe FREQuency CENTer would return 1E9 In some cases numeric values may be returned as text e INF NINF Infinity or negative infinity Represents the numeric values 9 9E37 or 9 9E37 e NAN Not a number Represents the numeric value 9 91E37 NAN is returned in case of errors EET RU MNN User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 128 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands ee al 9 2 5 2 9 2 5 3 9 2 5 4 9 2 5 5 Introduction Boolean Boolean parameters represent two states The ON state logically true is represented by ON or a numeric value 1 The OFF state logically untrue is represented by OFF or the numeric value 0 Querying boolean parameters When you query boolean parameters the system returns either the value 1 ON or the value 0 OFF Example Setting DISPla
255. y FERROtE AVERadge roti t crear n iste de cep TY EAE YR epi 136 FE TCh SUMMarv GlMalance MA Nimum enne nenne nene ener ee neret ers eennr rers etn e ni 137 FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MlINimum sesssssssssssseseeeee nennen eene enn nnen ete nent sse n nnns nnne rnnt nnn 137 FE TCh SUMMarv GlMalancet AVERagef nennen nennen rennen nre n nennen 137 FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MAXimum FETCh SUMMarv IOOFtserMiNimum nennen rnnt e erre ere nnn enne 137 FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage esee eene enne nnn nnnm nn nennen 137 FEIChISUMMary OSTP MAXImUltTi rrt ert tti p et rne Re Heg oepe vue Lo tud aval Adnan 137 FETCh SUMMary OSTP MINimu t crt iti oae nte ern i t DEM testes dd aee road e EENS 137 FETCh SUMMary OSTP AVERage rire er nee o d a i Rueda ea de e e ante 137 FE TCh SUMMarv POWer MA Nimum ener nreenreeh rennes eene eter inrer sensit rns enne 138 EEICH SUMMary POWer MINIImDETI oscar ederet cede Rey LEE eee E EERce HE aM e Dena eda EENS REPE cadence 138 FETCh SUMMary POWer AVERage sessi nennen nennen ene nerrerre etre etre etre nnn sen 138 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MINIMUM eee cece cece eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeseeeeeseeseaeeseeeeseaeeseaeeseeeseeeseaeeee 138 FE TCh SUMMarv OUlADerrort AVERagel nn rennen nenne trnn eere e teri nne sen 138 FETGh SUMMary RSSEMAXIIUE sicci hte EENS EENS eee 139 FETChH SUMMary RSSI M
256. y WINDow ZOOM STATe ON Query DISPlay WINDow ZOOM STATe would return 1 Text Text parameters follow the syntactic rules of keywords You can enter text using a short or a long form For more information see chapter 9 2 1 Long and Short Form on page 126 Querying text parameters When you query text parameters the system returns its short form Example Setting SENSe BANDwidth RESolution TYPE NORMal Query SENSe BANDwidth RESolution TYPE would return NORM Character Strings Strings are either text or number They have to be in straight quotation marks You can use a single quotation mark or a double quotation mark Example INSTRument DELete Spectrum Block Data Block data is a format which is suitable for the transmission of large amounts of data The ASCII character introduces the data block The next number indicates how many of the following digits describe the length of the data block In the example the 4 following digits indicate the length to be 5168 bytes The data bytes follow During the transmission of these data bytes all end or other control signs are ignored until all bytes are transmitted 0 specifies a data block of indefinite length The use of the indefinite format requires a NL END message to terminate the data block This format is useful when the length of EN User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 129 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Remote Commands Remote
257. z Selection Antenna 1 Minimum 3 0000 000 Hz 3 5 1 0 1 Frequency MHz Remote command CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC GDEL TRACe DATA Measuring the Symbol Constellation This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the constellation of a signal Constellation Daga eeo EA AS 51 Evaluation Range for the Constellation Diagram sese 52 Constellation Diagram Starts the Constellation Diagram result display This result display shows the inphase and quadrature phase results and is an indicator of the quality of the modulation of the signal In the default state the result display evaluates the full range of the measured input data You can filter the results in the Constellation Selection dialog box The ideal points for the selected modulation scheme are displayed for reference purpo ses RETE RE E AE T e e L LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLI X User Manual 1308 9029 42 15 51 R amp S FS K100 102 104PC Measurements and Result Displays DEET Measuring the Symbol Constellation Constellation Diagram Points Meas Selection Antenna 1 iF T D 2 LE s Lu Sg Ir I H Hj 1 uem t a CITT E 1 E I HH M ES A E 0 Real Part The constellation diagram also contains information about the current evaluation range In addition it shows the number of points that are d

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