Octek - Panther-II 386SX Motherboard - User`s Manual
Contents
1. Chapter 1 INIRODUCTION 1 1 Chapter 2 GENERAL FEATURES 2 1 Specification 2 1 Processor 2 3 Math Coprocessor 2 6 Memory System 2 8 I O Subsystem 2 11 System Functions 2 12 Chapter 3 INSTALLING COMPONENTS 3 1 Installing 80387SX Math Coprocessor 3 1 System Memory Configuration 3 3 Control of System Speed 3 8 System Board Jumper Sctting 3 10 System Board Connectors 3 11 Chapter 4 TECHNICAL INFORMATION Memory Mapping I O Address System Timers System Interrupts Direct Memory Access DMA Real Time Clock and CMOS RAM CMOS RAM Address Map Real Time Clock Information System Expansion Bus APPENDIX A SYSTEM BIOS Self Test System Setup APPENDIX B OPERATION amp MAINTENANCE Keeping the System Cool Cleaning the Golden Finger Cleaning the Motherboard APPENDIX SYSTEM BOARD LAYOUT 4 4 2 4 4 4 6 4 7 4 9 4 10 4 11 4 12 2 2 3 AE A ONE TE Chapter 1 Introduction The Panther Il system board 15 a high performance system board that represents a Significant technological advance over the conventional 386SX designs It offers an increased power and flexibility architecture by Supporting 80386SX processor speeds up to 33 Mhz See NOTE on preface The design utilizes advanced main frame techniques such 45 two or four way interleaving along with high speed page mode capability The Panther I offers an inexpensive entrance to 386 specifi2. Peet DER to m issue of campari Diy Panther II system is fully hardwareand software compatible with associated PC AT products This means virtually all hardware software that is available for the PG ATican also run system you build around the jPanther II system It supports MS DOS Xenix Unixaand all PC AT application programs Users can run applications designed the PC AT 1 without any modification Multi tasking and multiruser capabilities are fully functional on this board md aptae ui da be 0 Sd ibas addition the provides expansion TM connectors so that add on cards developed for they PC AT be fully functional On board power good generator is also implemented to ensure the reliability of the system and is capable of working with any 1 2 e a 6 INTRODUCTION power supplies Panther II is a perfect choice CAD CAM workstation file server and end user applications It is designed for the most advanced computer based applications for today and in thc futurc 1 3 INTRODUCTION THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 1 4 M A e Chapter 2 General Features SPECIFICATION Processor Subsystem Intel 803868 NX CPU Optional 80387S X Co processor Speed Turb
3. 1990 American Megatrends Inc All Rights Reserved Cylin Head WPcom LZone Sect Size MB Hard Disk Type 47 USER TYPE 1314 7 1314 1314 17 76 Hard Disk Type Not Installed Auto Interleave Bad Track Disk Drive C D C Ms Cyln Head Disk Drive Type 47 Mark Bad Tracks Y N N Proceed Y N Use the Hard Disk Format option to integrate a new hard disk to the system or to reformat used hard disk which has 4 some bad tracks To find these bad tracks used drive sclect the Media Analysis option The valuc for Disk Drive ts C for a C Drive for a D Drive If two disk drives have been previously entered at the Standard CMOS Setup Scrcc then the ID C D will appear to the right of the question mark following the Disk Drive ficld Choose which drive you wish to format by selecting the appropriate Ictter and pressing lt gt If only one drive was selected at the Standard CMOS Sctup Screen the cursor AMI System BIOS OPTION 3 MEDIA ANALYSIS UTILITY BIOS SETUP PROGRAM HARD DISK UTILITY C 1990 American Megatrends Inc All Rights Reserved Cylin Head WPcom LZone Sect Size MB Hard Disk 47USER TYPE 1314 7 1314 1314 17 76 Hard Disk D Not Installed Media Analysis Disk Drive C D Disk Drive Type Proceed Y N The Media Analysis Utility performs a series of tests to locate bad tracks on the hard disk All bad trac
4. 5 5 DACK6 DRQ6 DACK7 7 5 MASTER GND 4 18 I O 5 Ground Appendix AMI System BIOS The system BIOS of Panthcr II provides interface for operating systems and applications to access the hardware It is Cully compatible with standard AT BIOS and works flawlessly in the network system It also performs sclf test after resect and includes setup program to configure the system SELF TEST To ensure that the computer hardwarc 1s functional the svstem BIOS will carry out a sclf test upon reset The test is very intensive and covers all parts of hardware It takes a while before messages are shown on the sereen It docs not mean that the system is not working when thc screen is blank So wait while after turning on the powcr and listen carefully to the speaker Some crrors are reported by a number of beep sounds After completing the 56 1 51 the BIOS will display some messages on the screen In case of serious crrors the BIOS will suspend thc test If the display is not initialized the BIOS will report the crror through a sequence of beep sounds Otherwise error message will be shown on the sereen Re ate AMI System BIOS These fatal errors are usually communicated through a series of audible beeps The numbers on the fatal error list below correspond to thc number of beeps for the corresponding error errors
5. E AMI System BIOS SYSTEM SETUP The BIOS incorporates five setup sections 1 Standard CMOS Setup 2 Advanced CMOS Setup 3 Advanced Chipset Setup 4 Auto Configuration with BIOS Defaults 5 Hard Disk Utilities It is important that all the setup procedurcs should be completed before operating the system Otherwisc the system may not run properly with the incorrect setup information Run the setup again if the configuration is changed enter the setup section press DEL when the following message is shown after the powcr on memory test Hit DEL if you want to run SETUP Whenever the system BIOS finds that the configuration of the system is altered a message will be shown and you may press F to run sctup Then the following messages are shown on thc screen AMI System BIOS BIOS SETUP PROGRAM AMI BIOS SETUP UTILITIES C 1990 American Megatrends In All Rights Reserved STANDARD CMOS SETUP ADVANCED CMOS SETUP ADVANCED CHIPSET SETUP AUTO CONFIGURATION WITH BIOS DEFAULTS HARD DISK UTILITY WRITE TO CMOS AND EXIT DO NOT WRITE TO CMOS AND EXIT Standard CMOS setup for Changing Time Date Hard Disk Type etc AMI System BIOS 1 STANDARD SETUP The memory size is automatically detected by the BIOS So you are only required to set thc date time hard disk type floppy drives typc display type and keyboard Thc system configuration informati
6. be connected to the indicators and switches of thc systcm unit Hardware reset connector Speaker connector Turbo switch connector Turbo LED connector Power LED amp Ext Lock connector Power supply connector External battery connector Keyboard connector Pin assignments of the connectors arc illustrated as follows 1 Hardware Reset Connector Assignment Sclection Pin 2 Ground j i 1 INSTALLING COMPONENTS 2 Speaker Connector Data out 5 Vdc Ground 5 Vdc 3 Turbo Switch Connector 1 Selection Pin 2 Ground 4 Turbo LED Connector 5 Vdc 2 LED signal 3 12 INSTALLING COMPONENTS 5 Power LED amp Ext Lock Connector Assignment 5 Vdc Key Ground Keyboard inhibit Ground POWERGOOD 5 Vde 12 0 12 Vdc Ground Ground Ground Ground 5 Vdc 5 5 5 INSTALLING COMPONENTS P 8 External Battery Connector not uscd Ground Ground KB Keyboard Connector Keyboard clock Keyboard data Spare Ground 5 Vdc 3 14 lt Chapter 4 Technical Information This section provides technical information about Panther Il and is intended for advanced users interested in the basic design and opcration of 1 MEMORY MAPPING 000000 000K 512K System Board Memory 7FFFFF 512K 080000 312 640 Sys
7. it keeps on repeating at a rate set by the Typematic Rate Valuc When two or morc keys are pressed and held down simultancously only the last key pressed will be repeated at the typematic rate This stops when the last key pressed is released if other keys are depressed rte 0 AMI System BIOS Above 1 MB Memory Test If the option is enablcd the memory abovc will be tested If disabled it takes less time for memory test Hard Disk Type 47 Data Area The AMI BIOS SETUP features two uscr definable hard disk types Normally the data for these disk types are stored at 0 300 in lower system RAM However if a problem occurs with some software regarding hard disk try setting this option to DOS 1 in the main memory will be allocated hard disk type storage and the main memory is reduced to 639 KB If shadow RAM for system BIOS F000H is enabled the hard disk type 47 will be added to the standard hard disk type table Hence the hard disk type 47 data area is not and this option is ignored Hard disk typc 47 will be considered as a standard hard disk type by softwarc System Boot Up Num Lock The num lock option on the keyboard is usually turned on after power on This option allows you to turn the num lock off after powcr on So you can usc the arrow keys on the numeric kcypad without pressing thc num lock key 12 AMI System B
8. 000 1GK Disabled Hard Disk Type 47 RAM Area 0 300 System ROM Shadow 10 Disabled Wait for F1 Any Error Enabled System Boot Up Num Lock On Numeric Processor Disabled Floppy Drive Seek At Boot Enabled System Boot Up Sequence A Video ROM Shadow 16 Enabled Video ROM Shadow C400 16K Enabled Adapter ROM Shadow C800 16K Disabled Adapter ROM Shadow CCO00 16K Disabled Adapter ROM Shadow D000 16K Disabled Adapter ROM Shadow D400 16K Disabled 10 AMI System BIOS Alter changing the registers settings test your system first to make sure that the settings arc correct It is likely that vour system becomes unstable and you need to setup the registers again In this section you simply use the up and down arrow kcys to move between options and press PgUp PgDn to scroll bit valuc After vou finish the Setup press Esc to return to main menu The BIOS will set the registers accordingly A short description follows for cach of the options on the Advanced CMOS Setup Screen If any problem in some options press the Fl Help Key Typematic Rate Programming By enabling this option the user can adjust the rate at which a keystroke is repeated The options lypematic Ratc Dclay and Typematic Rate also affect this rate When key is pressed and held down the character appears on the 5 and after delay set bv the Typematic Rate Delay
9. A 80 column mode CGA 40 column mode VGA PGA EGA Monochrome amp If the type of display is incorrect the BIOS will prompt you and ask you to set up again But the BIOS 15 still able to display messages on the display attached to the system Thus you can center the setup program OPTION 5 KEYBOARD If a keyboard ts attached to the system select Installed The BIOS will test the keyboard during sclf test AMI System BIOS ig ee a ag H 2 ADVANCED CMOS SETUP the registers of the chipsets are sct to default values by the system BIOS Usually there is no need to modify these registers unless the configuration is changed Since improper settings of these registers may cause the system 0 malfunction check your settings carefully beforc exit In ADVANCED CMOS SETUP the main menu ts shown as below BIOS SETUP PROGRAM ADVANCED CMOS SETUP lt C gt 1990 American Megatrends Inc All Rights Reserved Typematic Rate Programming Disabled Adapter ROM Shadow 1D800 16K Disabled Typematic Rate Delay Msec 500 Adapter ROM Shadow 16 Disabled Typematic Rate Chars Sec 15 Adapter ROM Shadow E000 16K Disabled Above 1 MB Memory Test Disabled Adapter ROM Shadow E800 1GK Disabled Memory Test Tick Sound Enabled Adapter ROM Shadow ECO00 16K Disabled Hit DEL Message Display Enabled Adapter ROM Shadow E
10. IOS Numeric Processor These options allow the user to mark the 80387S X Math coprocessor as present or absent Floppy Drive Seck At Boot The default for this option is Enabled If disabled it allows a fast boot System Boot Up Sequence This option allows vou to choose which drive the system will boot from first The default sctting 15 It allows vou to boot from device tf necessary However it will directly boot from hard disk when selecting C The BIOS will not read the floppy disk unless there is no drive installed Thus it takes less time for boot up Video Adapter and System ROM shadow There are two options of shadow RAM video adapter ten options of shadow RAM add on card and one for the system BIOS For the option System ROM the content of the system at FOOOH segment BIOS is copied to the on board memory For the option Video ROM the video ROM at COOOOH scgment or C4000H scgmcnt are copicd to memory 13 AMI System BIOS If you install an add on which ROM BIOS locates at one of the Adapter ROM shadow options you may select corresponding option to shadow this ROM Sometimes thcrc may be problem after enabling the shadow memory on the add on card In this case you cannot enable the shadow RAM function for this add on card AMI System BIOS 3 ADVANCED CHIPSET SETUP 9 DRAM Read Wait State Options of 70 W S 8 W S
11. NERAL FEATURES shows thc automatic interleaving options that occur versus the number of populated banks the table Bank 0 1 2 and 3 are the designations for cach of the four DRAM banks In the columns below these designators Yes No indicate whether the bank 15 populated Automatic Interleave vs Memory Map Bank Address Mode B Bank Address Mode ve ve o Linear es Yes 2 Way Interleave 2 and 3 2 2 2 2 gt Z This is for the case where Banks A and contain different types of DRAMS If all four banks contain the same DRAM type then four way interleaving is automatically activated Page Mode Operation Memory Intericaving operates independently of page mode Page mode is active whether one bank or both are populatcd The page mode operation results in no additional wait state penalty for either reads writes which immediately follow reads to the same DRAM page When pairs of banks arc installed interleaving is automatically enabled The 2 9 GENERAL FEATURES combination of page mode with intcrlcaving results in thc best possible combination of last system memory operation using the most cost effective DRAMs Shadow RAM To further enhance the system shadow RAM 15 supported Shadow RAM 15 technique that loads system BIOS video and or adapter BIOS from the low speed EPROM ROM directly into fast D
12. O Reserved IRQII Reserved IRQI2 Reserved IRQI3 Coprocessor 18014 Fixed Disk Controller Reserved Serial Port 2 IRQ4 Serial Port IRQS Parallel Port 2 IRQ6 Diskette Controller Parallel Port 4C a 9 TECHNICALINFORMATION DIRECT MEMORY ACCESS Panthcer Il supports seven DMA channels Spare 8 bit transfer SDI C 8 bit transfer Floppy Disk 8 bit transfer Spare 8 bit transfer DMA Controller Cascade for Sparc 16 bit transfer Sparc 16 bit transfer Sparc 16 bit transfer TECHNICAL INFORMATION The following shows the addresses for thc page registcr 4 8 Page Register I O Address HEX DMA Channel DMA Channel DMA Channel DMA Channel DMA Channel DMA Channel DMA Channel Refresh 0 TECHNICALINFORMATION REAL TIME CLOCK AND CMOS RAM Real time clock is build in for maintaining the time and date This subsystem also contains 114 bytes of RAM in addition the Clock Calender The Clock Calendar information and RAM arc kept active by connecting the device to an external battery when system power 15 turned off Upon you turn the system power on CMOS will load the recorded configuration into thc system so that the system can function the right track with the equipped devices However if vou have not configured the CMOS the battery which supports the power to the CMOS 15 weaken you
13. RAM during boot up of thc computer The execution of the BIOS then will have significant improvement because access to DRAM is much faster than ROM Memory Remapping If shadow RAM is not used at memory arca 0D0000H 0EFFFFH remapping is possible Then local memory areas O0AO0000H 0BFFFFH and 0D0000H 0EFFFFH each 128K bytes are mapped to the top of total memory for it to be used as extended memory Memory areas 0 0000 OFFFFFH system BIOS and 0 0000 video BIOS are reserved for shadow RAM 2 10 GENERAL FEATURES SUBSYSTEM lt is very important that high speed system should be compatible with existing peripherals without downgrading the performance The Panthcr Il system ts exactly designed with this capability in mind To be compatible with the existing add on cards user has the option of defining the If for example thc peripheral card is not capable of operating at high specd user can define a slow specd for I O slot operation while still maintain the rest of the system at very high GENERAL FEATURES SYSTEM FUNCTIONS System functions include Interrupt DMA Timer Real time clock Clock and ready generation I O channel control All system functions are 100 compatible to standard I O channel of Panther II 15 designed to be compatible with standard AT bus All the expansion cards conformed to the standard AT bus can be us
14. arc available Check carefully whether your DRAM is suitable the number of wait states you want to select Improper sctting can cause instability of the system A setting of W S will the system to maximize its performance with zero wait state memory access under the page interleave scheme On the other hand a setting of I W S will allow the use of less expensive slow DRAM but with performance reduction As general rule For 33Mhz system you mas Sclect 0 W S DRAM with access time of 700 or faster 15 uscd otherwise select 1 W S For 25MHz and 20MHz system vou may select W S if DRAM with access time of 8015 or faster is used otherwise select WS l6MHz system vou mas select 0 W S if DRAM with access time of 100 5 or faster is uscd otherwise select 1 W S Since the specification of DRAM varics among 9 different manufacturers the above rule is a guarantec you should consult your local dealer for the detail information gt AMI System BIOS ___ DRAM Write Wait State Sec DRAM Read Wait State description above ATCLK Select This controls the frequency at which the 0 peripherals operate The I O performance can be improved by selecting a higher bus clock However care should be exercised in setting it make sure that the peripheral cards are capable
15. c applications It combines the abilitics of the 0386 and the 80286 machines Like an 80386 machine it processes instructions internally in 32 bit chunks Like an 80286 machine operates with a 10 01 data bus and 24 bit address bus This constructions allows the Panther II system to run 386 software in essentially 286 hardware environment For the memory system It supports up to 16 MByte of DRAMs the system board System and Video shadowing features are supported on all l6K boundaries between 0108 and IM It is also optimized to allow mixing of DRAM types to give end user the maximum flexibility in choosing the correct memory capacity for their applications This flexibility in configuration allows you to select an ideal cost performance combination INTRODUCTION i Moth oe vb The Panther II is a fully PC AT system board implemented with highly integrated chip sets to provide high performance reliability and compatibilityi It is based jon the 386SX CPU which can access the 17 existing microcomputer software base including the growing 32 bit software eon 0 II Q up the of CPU between protected and real mode a special feature known as OS 2 Optimization is also incorporated This provides an unique method handle the switching which will improve the advanced operating system and memory
16. d systems against which it compctes the 3865 N inherits the 36055 protected and virtual 8086 modes and internal 32 bit processing Instruction pipcling high bus bandwidth and a very high performance ALU ensure short average instruction execution times and high System throughput The 3865 CPU is capable ol exccution at sustained rates of 2 5 3 0 million instructions 6 The integrated memory management unit MMU includes an address translation cache advanced multi tasking hardware and four level hardware cntlorced protection mechanism to Support operating systems The virtual machine 2 3 GENERAL FEATURES capability of the 3865 CPU allows simultancous execution of applications from multiple operating systems such as MS DOS and UNIX 803865 is not only an enhanced version of 80286 but designed to overcome the deficiencies of 80286 It allows you to make use of application software that a 286 just can t handle For example a very important attribute of any multi tasking multi user operating system is its ability to rapidly switch between tasks or processes The 386SX Microprocessor directly Supports this operation by providing a task switch instruction in hardware The 386SX Microprocessor has two modes of Operation Real Address Mode Real Mode and Protected Virtual Address Mode Protected Mode Real Mode has the same base architecture as the 8086 but allows access to the 32 bit register set of the 386SX M
17. d vour fixed disk can be used afterwards Each hard disk can be assigned a different type 47 hard disk So two hard disks which are not included in the list can be uscd togcther in your system AMI System BIOS If the type of fixed disk is wrong it takes a while before the BIOS can identify the error After setting the fixed disk type if the system halts after reboot please wait for a while It is most likely that the setting of fixed disk type is incorrect When you install a new hard disk make surc whether it is already formatted 1 not the BIOS has to check for a while before reporting the hard disk error In fact the error arises only becausc the hard disk is not formatted If the hard disk is formatted you can run DOS FDISK and DOS FORMAT Some fixed disks are specially handled and must be set to Not Installed Consult the fixed disk manual for dctails OPTION 3 FLOPPY DISK DRIVE Four types of floppy disk drives arc supported 5 4 inch standard drive 360K 5 4 inch high density drive 1 2M 3 inch standard drive 720K 3 inch high density drive 1 44M gt AMI System BIOS The system BIOS supports two floppy disk drives and they are recognized as drive A and B Select the correct types Otherwise the drives cannot work properly If one of them 15 not installed sclect Not Installed for that drive OPTION 4 DISPLAY Four types of display are supported CG
18. east once a take thc cover off your computer and vacuum thc intcrior to remove accumulated dust Use a brush attachment on the vacuum and carefully go over all exposcd parts To prevent dust from accumulating on the mother board installing all mounting plates on the of the case Regularly examine your system and if necessary vacuum the interior of the system with a miniature vacuum OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE _ _ THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK A P S Appendix System Board Layout PANTHER II 3865 0 2 22 038658 5 2 gt z ass 3 2 BANK 1 803875 0
19. ed in Panther II without problem 4 Chapter 3 Installing Components Warning Be sure to turn off the computer s power switch before installing or replacing any component If installation sounds risky let vour dealer install the 80387SX If vou make a mistake vou could damage the 803875 or your computer INSTALLING 803875 MATH COPROCESSOR Math coprocessor 80387S X is available in a 68 pin PLCC package Find the 803875 socket the system board it s located on Ul at the corner of the motherboard The socket is 68 pin PLCC socket align the chip so that its orientation mark matches up with that of the socket When you are sure the pins are aligned correctly press firmly and evenly on the 80387SX into the socket Make sure that the coprocessor is firmly inserted into the sockct The speed rating of 803878 X should match that of the system speed for a optimum and reliable operation Refer to the table below to determine the correct 520660 rating of the 80387S X Math Coproccssor 33 Mhz System 803875 33 25 Mhz System 80387S X 25 20 Mhz System 803875 X 20 16 Mhz System 803878 X 16 INSTALLING COMPONENTS Orientation Mart 803875 Coprocessor Orientation Mark Numeric Coprocessor Socket 3 2 INSTALLING COMPONENTS SYSTEM MEMORY CONFIGURATION Four DIP memory banks and two SIMM memory banks arc available Panther Il these
20. hose options in the STANDARD CMOS SETUP after the Auto Configuration is used A 18 AM I System BIOS HARD DISK UTILITY Hard Disk Utility program option 15 invokcd by sclecting the HARD DISK UTILITY at thc Main Sctup Menu the screen is shown as bclow Hard Disk C Hard Disk D BIOS SETUP PROGRAM HARD DISK UTILITY lt C gt 1990 American Megatrends Inc All Rights Reserved Cylin Head WPcom LZone Sect Size MB Type 47 USER TYPE 1314 7 1314 1314 17 76 Type Not Installed Hard Disk Type can be changed from the STANDARD CMOS SETUP option in Main Menu Hard Disk Format Auto Interleave Media Analysis AMI System BIOS There are three options in thc hard disk utility Hard Disk Format Auto Interleave and Media Analysis For a new hard disk drive the manufacturer of the hard drive usually provides a list of bad tracks with the hard drive Your hard disk manual might also include thc optimum interleave factor In this case assuming that you have a list of bad tracks and know the interleave factor it will not be necessary to take the auto interlcave and media analysis options Simply follow thc instructions in the Hard Disk Format If you have a bad track list but have not been provided with the optimum interleave factor follow thc instructions in thc Auto Interleave Section 20 AMI System BIOS OPTION 1 HARD DISK FORMAT UTILITY BIOS SETUP PROGRAM HARD DISK UTILITY C
21. icroprocessor The complete capabilities of the 3865 Microprocessor are unlocked when the processor operates in Protected Virtual Address Mode Protected Mode vastly increases the lincar address space to four gigabytes and allows the running of virtual memory programs of almost unlimited sizc In addition Protected Mode allows the 3865 Microprocessor to run all of the existing 386DX CPU 80286 and 8086 CPU s software while providing a sophisticated memory management and a hardware assisted protection mechanism Protected Mode allows the use of additional instructions specially optimized for supporting 2 4 GENERAL 5 multitasking operating system The 3865 Microprocessor also offers four levels of protection which are optimized to Support a multi tasking operating system and to isolate and protect user programs from cach other and the opcrating system 2 5 GENERAL FEATURES MATH COPROCESSOR The demand for sophisticated numbcr crunching scientific and business applications has rapidly increased in recent years 803865 features an integer Arithmetic Logic Unit which only handles simple integcr operations such as addition and multiplication Floating point Operations which actually utilized by applications must be accomplished through software routincs To overcome this obstacle extcrnal Math coprocessor is necessary The Math coprocessor contains complex hardware 4 large data reg
22. inations of DRAM types you may consider So a basic system can be equipped with fewer memory and later more memory can be added when upgrading the system As a typical case a basic system can be equipped with 2 Megabyte memory using IMB SIMM and then memory size is later expanded to 10 Megabytes by putting another banks of 4M SIMM RLS eet D ne NA Rte ae 0 0 gt eter ose INSTALLING COMPONENTS The memory size is detected automatically system BIOS and indicated after power up No switches or jumpers are required to be sct for the memory 5126 and DRAM The different configurations of memory 1s illustrated in the next table It shows the page modc interleave options and the DRAM combinations available for cach possible memory map Since interleaving requires pairs of banks various controls described act on memory in bank pairs The short hand notation Bank is used when describing something that affects memory banks 0 and as a set Similarly Bank is used to describe memory banks 2 and 3 as a set Memory Configuration Table 16 Bit DRAM Banks Page Interleave Total Bank 1 Bank Memory 256K 256K INSTALLING COMPONENTS Installing SIMM Modules Whenever adding memory modulcs to thc motherboard install 2 modules at a time Also make sure that the SIMM is installed in thc correct orientation
23. ing to fix it after it has happened This 18 where cleanliness and proper operating procedures come into play B 1 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE KEEPING SYSTEM COOL Airflow is critical for proper operation The motherboard contains many high speed components and they will generate hcat during operation Other add on cards and hard disk drive can also produce lot of As a result the tempcrature inside thc computer systcm may be very high These boards require cool air to prevent a deadly heat build up Be sure that all cooling vents in the front or sides of the computcr are open and that air circulation ts good Check the clearance at the back of the computer the power supply contains fan to blow air out of the case make sure the fan is not blocked by cables or papers Don t push your computer flush against the wall leave it some breathing space Heat can destroy computer chips CLEANING THE GOLDEN FINGER Whencver inserting an add on card to thc motherboard make sure that there is no dirt on the golden finger of the add on card If not thc contact between the golden finger and the slot may be poor and thus causing the add on cards to work improperly Use a pencil craser to clcan thc golden finger if dirt is found OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE CLEANING THE MOTHERBOARD Because the system ts air cooled dust can enter your system through the ventilation slots At l
24. inter Adapter Reserved Color Graphics Monitor Adapter Diskette Controller Serial Port 4 3 TECHNICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM TIMERS Panther II has three build in programmable timer counters defined as channels 0 through 2 Note 4 4 Channel 2 Tone Generation of Speaker Channel 0 Gate 0 Tied on Clk in 0 1 190 Mhz OSC Clk out 0 8259 IRQ 0 Channel Refresh Request Generator Gate Tied on in 1 190 Mhz OSC Clk out 1 Request Refresh Cycle Gate 2 Controlled by bit 0 of port hex 61 PPI bit 1 190 Mhz OSC Used to drive the speaker CIk in 2 Clk out 2 Channel 1 is programmed to generate a 15 micro second period signal TECHNICALINFORMATION The 8254 Timer Counters are treated by system programs as an arrangement of four programmable external 1l O ports Three are treated as counters and the fourth is a control register for mode programming 4 5 TECHNICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM INTERRUPTS Sixteen levels of system interrupts arc provided on Panther II The following shows thc interrupt level assignments in decreasing priority Level Function Microprocessor NMI Parity or I O Channel Check Interrupt Controllers CTLR 2 IRQO Timer Output 0 IRQI Keyboard Output Buffer Full IRQ2 Interrupt from CTLR 2 Real time Clock Interrupt IRQ9 Software Redirected to INT 1 2 IRQI
25. isters for floating point numeric operations The 387S X Math CoProcessor is an extension to the Intel 386 microprocessor architecture The combination of the 387SX with the 386SX Microprocessor dramatically increases the processing speed of computer application software which utilizes mathematical operations This makes an ideal computer workstation platform lor applications such as financial modclling and spreadsheet CAD CAM or graphics The 387SX Math CoProcessor adds over seventy mnemonics to the 386SX Microprocessor instruction set Specific 387SX math operations include logarithmic arithmetic exponentional and trigonometric functions The 387SX supports integer extended integer floating point and BCD data formats and fully conforms to the 2 6 GENERAL FEATURES ANSI IEEE floating point standard The math coprocessor offloads the complicated math functions from the CPU Thercfore it handles in onc instruction what would have required many 51625 with the CPU So you can save time on your favourite spreadsheet database engineering scicntific and graphics packages The 387SX CoProcessor is object 0 compatible with the 387DX and upward object code compatible from the 80287 and 8087 Math Co proccssors In real address mode and virtual 8086 modc the 386SX Microprocessor and 387SX Math Coprocessor is completely upward compatible with software the 8086 8087 and 80286 80287 address mode system
26. ks on thc hard disk will bc listed in the Bad Track List Box Since this test writes to all cylinders and heads on thc hard disk to verify andy bad tacks thc test may requirc several minutes to completc 8 4 Appendix Operation and Maintenance eM oA e m mM Fe ee mea Some components of the Panther Il or computer components arc static sensitive devices and can be damaged static discharges To prevent such damage the device may be wrapped in conductive anti static bag certain precautions should be taken before removing the device from its bags When installing or removing add on card DRAM module or coprocessor care should be taken when handling these devices Touch unpaint metal part of your system unit lor example the screws on the rear of the system unit with one hand then hold the component vou are installing on the other hand This will place your body thc component and the system unit at the same ground potential preventing an accidental static discharge Be sure to handle circuit boards by the edges only and do not touch the component pins solder joints Grasp diskette drives or fixed disk drives by their frames to avoid touching the circuit board Memory chips or co processor should be held by their bodics only not by their pins Preventing a problem 15 better than hav
27. listed with the exception of 48 are fatal errors DRAM Refresh Failure Base 64K Memory Parity Error Base 64K 2 Memory Failure System Timc Failurc Processor Error Keyboard Controller Gate A20 Failure Processor Exception Interrupt Error Display Mcmory Rcad Write Error Video Adapter ROM Checksum Error CMOS Shutdown Register Read Write Error If no error is found during sclf test the system BIOS will proceed to boot from floppy disk or hard disk The system BIOS will list thc system configuration on thc scrcen shown in ncxt page AMI System BIOS System Configuration C Copyright 1985 1990 American Megatrends Inc Main Processor 80386 Base Memory Size 640 Numeric Processor None Ext Memory Size 256 Floppy Drive 1 2 MB 5 Hard Disk C Type 2 Floppy Drive B 44MB 3 llard Disk D Type None Display Type or Serial None ROM BIOS Date 05 10 91 Parallel Port s SRC CI EP M M Do check the list to make sure that thc configuration 1S correct Sometimes problems arisc because ol the incorrect information of the configuration For example if vou forget to modify the sctup after changing the Floppy disk drive from one type to another it can not boot from floppy disk or may not work properly If you check the list vou can find the cause of the problem VETE
28. memory banks are designated as BANK 0 to BANK 3 in the motherboard User has the option of cither using DIP type DRAM SIMM type memory modules Still if the user prefers he could use both types together That means you could make use of DIP and SIMM type memory simultancously Please note that however you cannot install both memory types marked with the same bank reference For example if you had already installed DIP memory into BANK 0 you can no longer install SIMM into the memory modules referenced as BANK 0 One bank of memory refers to 2 SIMM modules or 6 DIP memory chips 4x44256 2x41256 For the SIMM memory can install 256K IM or 4M SIMM therefore it has a maximum memory capacity of 16 Megabytes On the other hand if purely DIP DRAM are used it will allow up to 2 Megabytes of memory The DIP DRAM are organized in 4 banks as shown in next page INSTALLING COMPONENTS DIP DRAM Memory Organization BANK 0 U39 040 041 042 44256 038 037 parity 41256 1 033 034 035 036 44256 2 026 027 028 9 44256 3 020 921 022 U23 44256 038 937 932 930 931 924 amp 025 019 arc the parity bits BANK 0 to BANK 3 respectively In normal situation those bits arc not needed and the parity checking logic can bc disabled Hence the user can left those sockcts unpopulated and thus allowing you to minimize the system cost There are several comb
29. need to redefine the necessary parameters whenever the system is boot The following page shows the CMOS RAM addresses TECHNICAL INFORMATION CMOS RAM ADDRESS MAP Real time clock information Diagnostic status byte Shutdown status byte Diskette drive type byte drives A and B Reserved Fixed disk type byte drives C and D Reserved Equipment byte Low base memory bytc High base memory byte Low expansion memory byte High expansion memory byte Reserved 2 byte CMOS checksum Low expansion memory bytc High expansion memory byte Date century byte Information flags sct during power on User RAM Standby These bytes are not included in the checksum calculation and are not part of the configuration record 4 10 e 9 TECHNICALINFORMATION REAL TIME CLOCK INFORMATION The following table describes real time clock bytes and specifies their addresses Scconds Second alarm Minutcs Minute alarm Hours Hour alarm Day of weck Date of month Month Y Car Status Register Status Register Status Register Status Register TECHNICAL INFORMATION ca DID MC CC QC CLICK DC C CC IC ee MC E SYSTEM EXPANSION BUS V 4 Panther Il provides six expansion slots four of which are 16 bit and two are 8 bit expansion slot The I O channel supports O address space from hex 100 to hex 3FF Selection of data access either 8 or 16 bit 24 bit memo
30. normal mode the turbo LED 15 off It should be note that turbo switch setting will override the keyboard switching mode but not vice versa INSTALLING COMPONENTS SYSTEM BOARD JUMPER SETTING There arc a few jumpers in the motherboard that allow thc uscr to sclect the desired system configuration The following tables show thc function and default settings of these jumpers Display Selection JP6 Display Type 1 2 Monochrome Display 2 3 CGA EGA VGA PGA Default setting 3 9 INSTALLING COMPONENTS CMOS Setup Reset Jumper Sometimes improper sctup may causc the system to malfunction and you might not be able to correct such problem without clearing thc entire CMOS Setup The purpose of this jumper ts for the uscr to reset the CMOS Setup in casc of critical error occurred in the Setup Make surc that the power is OFF before you do this operation Also be certain that this jumper 15 rc installed to its normal position after rcsetting thc CMOS Setup After the CMOS Setup is cleared the Setup will be loaded with the BIOS default value upon power up and you may continue to dcfinc thc system configuration as usual 1 2 Function 2 Normal opertaion 2 3 Reset CMOS Setup Default setting 5 2202 2 INSTALLING COMPONENTS SYSTEM BOARD CONNECTORS Undcr typical conditions these connectors should
31. o normal speed Software hardware selectable Memory Subsystem maximum using 4M SIMMs 2MB using 250 8 bx4d DRAM chips Pagc Intcrlcave memory Page mode memory 2 way and 4 way intcrlcave modc System BIOS shadow Video BIOS shadow Parity Check option 512K Eprom BIOS GENERAL FEATURES I O Subsystem Compatible to standard AT bus 0 Four 16 bit expansion slots Two 8 bit expansion slots System Support Functions 8 Channel DMA Direct Memory Access 16 level interrupt 3 programmable timers CMOS RAM for system configuration Real time clock with battery backup OS 2 Optimization Fast A20 gate and fast reset Other Features On board POWERGOOD test circuit External battery connector Hardware turbo switch GENERAL FEATURES PROCESSOR The 80386S X Microprocessor is a 32 bit CPU with a 16 bit data bus and 24 bit external address bus The 38658 CPU brings the high performance software of the Intcl386 Architecture to mid range systems It provides the performance benefits of 32 bit programming architecture with the cost saving associated with 16 bit hardware systems The 386SX Microprocessor is 100 object code compatible with the 386DX 286 and 8086 microprocessors t provide 386DX based systems optimized for performance and 386SX CPU based systems optimized for cost both sharing the same operating systems and application softwarc Unlike the 286 base
32. of operating at higher spccd before making changes otherwise problem could arise Options of CLK2 8 CLK2 6 amp CLK2 4 arc available refer to the following table for thc corresponding I O speed of different systems It is strongly recommended that the AT Bus spced be kept at or bclow 8 33 so as to comply with ISA AT Bus specification Default Recommended values System Speed ATCLK Select I O Bus Speed CLK2 8 cLK2 6 CLK2 4 CLK2 6 CLK2 4 12 5 16 5 AMI System BIOS 256K B Memory Relocation The 256KB memory below IMB boundary can bc used software as cxtended memory if this option is cnabled therefore it 1s advisable to enable this option Otherwise this area can only be accessed as shadow RAM function Ilowever 250K memory rclocation 15 automatically invalidated to avoid memory contention if any memory segment between 000008 to OEFFFFH is enabled as shadow RAM in the Advanced CMOS setup AMI System BIOS i _ _ _ ___ 4 AUTO CONFIGURATION WITH BIOS DEFAULTS The Auto configuration with BIOS default is used to set the internal registers of the system to its optimum performance together with high reliability Once the Auto Configuration 15 applied the Advanced CMOS Sctup 15 automatically re configured with the default Settings the user need not bother about the settings in the ADVANCED CMOS SETUP But you will still required to set t
33. on arc shown as follows BIOS SETUP PROGRAM STANDARD CMOS SETUP C 1990 American Megatrends Inc All Rights Reserved Date mn date year Sun Jul 01 1990 Base memory size 640 KB Time hour min sec 12 05 30 Ext memory size 256 KB Daylight Saving Disabled Cyln Head WPcom LZone Sect Size Hard Disk C type Not Installed Hard Disk D type Not Installed Floppy Drive A 1 2 MB 5 Floppy Drive B 1 44 3 uum SS AT Keyboard Installed Month Jan Feb Dec Date 01 02 03 31 Year 1901 1902 AEN pa iir AMI System BIOS OPTION 1 TIME AND DATE Use PgUp and PgDn keys to change the valuc The date and time cannot be entered directly by numcric values An calender 15 displayed on the lower right corner of the sereen for vour reference OPTION 2 FIXED DISK DRIVE Therc arc 47 types of fixed disks supported by the BIOS Consult your fixed disk manual to determine its correct type The parameters such as cylinder number head number sector number and pre compcnsation must match vour fixed disk s paramctcrs Use PgUp and PgDn keys to change thc fixed disk type If the type of your fixed disk is not included in the hard disk list define a new type as type 47 Use Ieft and right arrow kcys to move between the parameter ficlds and enter the parameters The parameters will be stored in the CMOS RAM an
34. ry addresses 16 Interrupts DMA channels Memory refresh signal TECHNICALINFORMATION The following figure shows the pin 9 numbcring I O channel connectors JAI to JAO REAR PANEL 1 A1 810 A10 pi B20 20 1 51 COMPONENT SIDE TECHNICAL INFORMATION The following figure shows the pin numbering for I O channel connectors REAR PANEL D 1 C1 D10 C10 D18 C18 COMPONENT SIDE 4 14 DR D The following O Channel A Side TECHNICALINFORMATION tables summarize assignments for thc 1 channel connectors I O Pin Signal Namc I O 1 CK SD7 SD6 505 504 503 502 SD SDO 1 RDY AEN 19 SAIS 5 17 5 16 SAIS 5 14 3 12 11 10 SA9 SAS 5 7 5 6 5 5 3 SA2 SAI SAO pin TECHNICAL INFORMATION I O Channel B Side 1 0 Pin Signal 0 GND RESET DRV 5 Vdc IRQ9 5 Vdc DRQ2 12 Vdc OWS 12 Vdc GND SMEMW SMEMR IOW IOR DACK3 DRQ3 DACK Refresh CLK IRQ7 IRQ6 IRQ5 IRQ4 IRQ3 DACK2 T C BALE 5 Vdc OSC GND qc 2979 5 5 0 000 4 16 TECHNICALINFORMATION 1 Channel C Side 1 O Pin Signal Name TECHNICAL INFORMATION I O Channel D Side 1 0 Pin Signal MEM 516 I O 816 IRQIO IRQII IRQI2 18015 18014 DRQO
35. s In protected mode the 386SX Microprocessor and 387SX Math Coprocessor is completely upward compatible with software for the 80286 80287 protected mode system In all modes the 386SX Microprocessor and 387SX Math Coprocessor is completely compatible with software for the 386 Microprocessor 387 Math Coprocessor system GENERAL FEATURES MEMORY SYSTEM Panther II supports the use of 256K 1M and 4M DRAMs device configurations up to 16MB of on board system memory Both page mode and interleave operation arc incorporated on the system board DRAM Page mode is enabled or disabled for each pair of DRAM banks independently When on it is activc on all memory maps for the enabled bank pairs Interleaving requires pairs of banks Both page mode and interleave are automatically enabled One bank of memory refers to as 2 modules of SIMM or 4 pieces of DIP DRAM Detailed operation of each 15 given in the following sections Interleave Operation Two way interleaving is automatically enabled whenever both memory banks of pair are populated with same DRAM types If all four banks are populated with same DRAMs four way interleaving automatically occurs If the four memory banks are not populated with same DRAMs two way interleaving occurs on pairs that are of the same type In a system with three banks populated thc first two banks perform two way interleave if they are of the same DRAM type Next table 2 8 4 GE
36. tem Board 128 0A0000 640K 768K Display Buffer 128K 0C0000 768K 896K Adaptor ROM ODFFFF Shadow RAM 128K 0 0000 896K 960K System ROM Shadow RAM 64K OF0000 960K 1024K System BIOS OFFFFF Shadow RAM 64K 100000 1024 8192 System Memory 7FFFFF 800000 8192 16318 System Memory FEFEFE F TECHNICAL INFORMATION I O ADDRESS MAP I O Address Map on System Board 1 O address hex 000 to OFF are reserved for the system board I O ADDRESS DEVICE HEX 000 01F Controller 1 8237 020 03F 040 05F 060 06F 070 07F Interrupt Controller 1 8259 Master Timer 8254 Keyboard Controller Real Time Clock NMI non maskable interrupt mask DMA Pagc Register 74L S612 Interrupt Controller 2 8259 DMA Controller 2 8237 080 09F 0A0 0BF 0CO0 0DF OF OF8 OFF Clear Math Coprocessor Busy Reset Math Coprocessor Math Coprocessor Port 4 2 TECHNICALINFORMATION I O address hex 100 to arc available on 8 200 207 278 27 2F8 2FF 300 31F 360 36F 378 37F 380 38F 0 3 0 38 3C0 3CF 3D0 3DF 3F0 3F7 the 1 O channel ADDRESS DEVICE HEX Fixed Disk Game I O Parallel Printer Port 2 Scrial Port 2 Prototype Card Keserved Parallel Printer Port SDI C bisvnchronous 2 Bisynchronous Monochrome Display and Pr
37. the RAM chips on the modules should be facing the I O slot See the figure on next page for illustration To install a module the module edge should angled into the socket s contact and then thc module is pivoted into position where the locking latches will secure it If the module cdge is not completely inserted into the socket 11 cannot bc pivoted to be in vertical position and should bc dragged out and inserted again Do not force thc module into the SIMM socket It will damagce thc locking latches The modules should be locked the locking latches of the sockcts firmly Plcasc check carcfully before turning on the powcr Otherwise the system will not work properly 3 6 4 1 0 INSTALLING COMPONENTS 7 TL v Modulc Oricntation INSTALLING COMPONENTS CONTROL OF SYSTEM SPEED System speed can be selected by hardware switch and keyboard Connector P3 should connected to the turbo switch of the case pancl this toggles the operation mode between turbo and normal mode when pressed In addition to the front panel switch you can also change the system speed via keyboard Press Alt and for turbo mode and Ctrl and for normal mode In either case the turbo LED will light up to indicate whether the system is now running in turbo mode or normal mode In turbo mode thc turbo LED will turned on In
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