development of labview based integrated data acquisition system for
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1. ro200 om o0 foo oos o0 oer om0 s e T 100 osa 0 60 oa oss oim o e4 5 Table 6 c Non Electrical parameters monitored Percent of Pressure of Discharge Efficienc R P M of Temperature gate valve inlet valve Q m sec y turbine of the opening 7 kg cm n bearings EA 80 15 0021 0 0217 7 970 12 295 1523 1519 51 10 ial iad 80 15 3 80 02 0 0221 8 350 16 765 1491 1485 55 20 80 15 NUE 0 0230 9 422 17 936 1567 1563 57 50 2 Pimput amp H is calculated by software for Efficiency evaluation which can be directly observe and represent in Power vs Efficiency curve on the Front panel of LabVIEW 7 CONCLUSION The development of a computer based IDAS for PAT generator set is analyzed in this paper The proposed method is based on precision electronic circuits and an easy to use graphical environment based on the LabVIEW program for processing displaying and storing the collected data The system operator can easily process of the measured parameters and evaluate the performance efficiency of the system directly from the user front panel of LabVIEW in very short time The system can be monitor remotely by using internet and web publishing tool of LabVIEW It is helpful in monitor the PAT based small hydro power plants mini micro pico which is generally located at remote and isolate places The IDAS can be extended in future for control the I O remotely of PAT generator by some hardware modification2. 133 IGHEM 2010 Oct 21 23 2010 AHEC IIT Roorkee India REFERENCES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 A Nourbakhsh G Jahangiri Inexpensive small hydropower stations for small areas of developing countries in Conference on Advanced in Planning Design and Management of Irrigation Systems as Related to Sustainable Land use Louvain Belgium 1992 pp 313 319 Benghanem M Maafi A Data acquisition system for photovoltaic systems performance monitoring EEE Trans Instrument Meas 1998 47 30 3 Benghanem M Arab AH Mukadam K Data acquisition system for photovoltaic water pumps Renewable Energy 1999 17 385 96 Wichert B Dymond M Lawrance W Friese T Development of a test facility for photovoltaic diesel hybrid energy systems Renewable Energy 2001 22 311 9 Koutroulis E Kalaitzakis K Development of an integrated data acquisition system for renewable energy sources systems monitoring Renewable Energy vol 28 2003 pp 139 152 Kraub A Weimar U Gopel W LabView for sensor data acquisition Trends Anal Chem 1999 18 312 8 Derakhshan Shahram Nourbakhsh Ahmad Experimental study of characteristic curves of centrifugal pumps working as turbines in different specific speeds Experimental thermal and fluid science vol 32 2008 pp 800 807 Williams A A pu
3. using data acquisition modules The National Instrument NI LabVIEW program is used to further process display and store the collected data in the PC laptop The modern feature of this data acquisition system is to access and monitor the system using more user friendly graphical interface software In context to above using pump as turbine is an attractive and significant alternative in the range of small hydro Pumps are relatively simple machines with no special designing and are readily available in most developing countries Besides their installation commissioning amp maintenance are easy and cheap The proposed architecture permits the rapid system development and has the advantage of flexibility in the case of changes while it can be easily extended for monitoring and control I O Input output of PAT based Small Hydro Power SHP station operation by some essential hardware modifications This may be also led to help in monitoring the SHPs remotely wirelessly Keywords PAT Renewable Energy System Data acquisition system Transducers Internet LabVIEW 1 INTRODUCTION Small hydro power stations is one of the renewable energy source which grown from the past rapidly and used to electrify isolated and remotely distributed rural communities like in India To electrify these areas mini micro pico hydro is one of the best conventional RESs but the installation cost and development of such kind of plants using conventional turbine gen
4. IGHEM 2010 Oct 21 23 2010 AHEC IIT Roorkee India DEVELOPMENT OF LABVIEW BASED INTEGRATED DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR PUMP AS TURBINE GENERATOR UNIT PERFORMANCE EVALUATION Rajkumar Viral M Tech AHES Alternate Hydro Energy Centre Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247 667 India E mail viralitr gmail com S N Singh Senior Scientific Officer Alternate Hydro Energy Centre Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247 667 India E mail nishafah 1itr ernet in ABSTRACT The rapid evolution of Renewable Energy Sources RESs during the last two decades resulted in the installation of many renewable energy power systems all over the world such as small hydro wind solar biomass based etc The increasing application of these RESs requires use of data acquisition in order to collect data regarding the installed system operation monitoring control of its operation and performance evaluation purposes In this paper the development of a computer based data acquisition system for monitoring parameters and performance of Pump As Turbine PAT generator unit is presented The proposed system consists of a set of transducers for measuring both non electrical e g turbine head discharge power speed efficiency etc and electrical parameters generator voltage current power speed etc The collected data are first conditioned using precision electronic circuits and then interfaced to a Personal Computer PC Laptop
5. covering different range of head discharge and capacity Clearly says pump is a suitable option for meeting the demand in micro hydro if running in reverse mode Except the micro hydro nowadays applications of PAT have been developed in villages farms irrigation systems as pressure dropping valves and as small pump storage power stations 6 amp 7 Water Lifting Pump Total head 32 8m Flow rate 14 5 Ips Pump input 8 18kW Speed 1450 rpm maximum head of 60 m at 24 0 Ips Tank Size 1 35x1 35x 1 6m Generator Type Synchronous Terminal voltage 415V Reactive power 12 5 KVA Active power 10 kW Power factor 0 8 Frequency 50 Hz Speed 1500 rpm Fig 3 a Schematic of Test Rig Hydro mechanical laboratory at AHEC IIT Roorkee Small centrifugal pumps are suitable for use as hydraulic turbines and have the advantage of being mass produced in many countries throughout the world When used with an integral induction motor they can be installed as a combined turbine and generator unit Pumps are mass produced and as a result have the following advantages for micro hydro power compared with purpose made turbines 1 Integral pump and motor can be used as a turbine and generator set ul Available for a wide range of heads and flows i Available in a large number of standard sizes iv Short delivery time v Spare parts such as seals and bearings are easily available vi Easy installation uses standard pipe fi
6. erator units seems not quite logical In context to above application of PAT is a feasible option Pumps are readily available in various sizes Past studies found many applications of PAT in mini micro pico hydro in most developing countries The overall cost of such plants is very low as compared to other plants 1 2 amp 3 With the rapid developments of internet and computer technologies accessing and operating of real time applications is becoming reality Many modern data acquisition system have developed and available now to evaluate the parameter and performance of such kind of machines turbine pumps and generator etc when they are in operation 4 amp 5 This paper is set out as follows the second section of paper is emphasis on the PAT background The third section acquaints the readers with the PAT generator unit experimental setup Fourth section 127 IGHEM 2010 Oct 21 23 2010 AHEC IIT Roorkee India familiar with data collection and interfacing process Section five focuses on data representation in LabVIEW Sixth section shows the experimental results and discussion The last section summarizes the conclusion of the paper Zs PUMP AS TURBINE In many developing countries the micro hydropower stations are in demand specially in remote locations In the range of micro hydro standard size of turbine are not easily and economically available So we need same machine for each site but pumps are available in no of size
7. it shows the virtual form of cable connection and the values of data at each stage of transfer The greater reliability of LabVIEW program is that it can be access through internet using its web publishing tool in tool menu This tool allows modifying the look of the document in the web browser Title Header and Footer text and the previewing the document in web browser then click save to disk This is saved to the html file to the www directory Name and save the file then click ok This will bring up another window giving the URL name of the document for putting in the web browser The sample code block diagram and the final user s monitoring screen developed in LabVIEW program is illustrated in Fig 5 a amp b c respectively The front panel in Fig 5 d also show the real time discharge Vs time and Efficiency Vs Power output Characteristic 6 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS amp DISCUSSION The PAT generator unit set monitored through LabVIEW software and manually The numerical values of various parameters are given in the table 6 a b amp c Table 6 a amp b shows the Electrical parameter reading measured manually and using software on PC laptop Similarly table 6 c amp d represent the Non electrical parameters The front panel also show the real time discharge Vs time and Efficiency Vs Power output Characteristic which could easily help to evaluation of performance of PAT generator unit set The results clearly shows that the IDAS a
8. lectrical Parameters Voltage output of generator of three phases in r m s Current of generator in three phases kW kVA KVAR power of generator Power factor and frequency of generator 3 2 The Transducers sensors and Interface Circuits Above mentioned parameter required the various type of transducers sensors which convert the primary non electrical quantities into electrical which can be use for further processing to interface circuit The transducers sensors are i Ultrasonic Transit Time Flow UTTF meter Model PT878 Transducer gives output 0 10 V and 4 20 mA for minimum to maximum discharge for each particular set 9 amp 10 ii Temperature measurement Omega Made Model OS530E OS520E Using non contact infrared temperature thermometer are used for bearing temperature measurement 11 iii Speed measurement TIMIC Made MOC 7811 TCST2103 A slotted disc of sixty teeth with 21 cm diameter and MOC7811 optical sensor are used Give analog output of 0 5 20mA 12 iv Power Analyser HIOKI Made Model 3165 One power analyzer sensor having eight analog outputs all of them have 2 V full scale 13 v Motorised Control Valve AVCON Made Model MV5512A B A electrically controlled gate valve is monitored Output ranges 4 20 mA for closed to full open valve position 14 vi Pressure Transmitter SMAR made Model LD301 Two Absolute LD301model pressure transmitters are used to measure the inlet and outlet press
9. mp as turbine for low cost micro hydro power WREC 1996 pp1227 1234 GE Infrastructure Sensing Transport Model PT878 Panametrics Portable Liquid Flowmeter User s Manual March 2005 PT878 Portable Liquid Flowmeter Operation amp Installation Guide 910 219B2 GE Panametrics Dec 2008 Quick Start Manual Handheld Infrared Thermometer Omega Instruments http www omega com Manuals manualpdf QSM4088 pdf Jan 2009 Optocoupler data book TEMIC Semiconductor http www datasheetarchive com MOC7811 datasheet html 1996 Instruction manual CLAMP ON DIGITAL Hi TESTER 3165 http www hioki com discon pdf power 3165 pdf 1994 DATASHEET MODEL MV 5512A B 2 2 Way Motorised Control Valves with Electric Actuator www avconindia com http www avconindia com catalog_5512 ab html Jan 1981 LD 301 Manual for smart pressure transmitter www smar com Dec 2008 User Manual M series about NI 622xDevices Jun 2007 Getting Start user manual NI 622x Devices Jun 2009 NI DAQ max and DAQ device installation guide Jun 2009 User manual LabView National Instruments July 2008 User manual LabView National Instruments July 2009 134
10. nnels 16 Sample Rate 400 kS s Max Voltage Range 10V 10V Minimum Voltage Rang 200mV 200mV Analog Output Channels 2 Max O P Voltage 10 V Digital I O Bidirectional Channels a2 Counter Timers 2 Resolution 16bit Power Requirement 4 5 5 25V No external Power in configured state via USB Port All transducers output connected to the analog input of NI 6212 card between AQ A15 as shown in Fig 3 b The output of this card transferred to the PC by USB port This can be read further by LabVIEW software 3 DATA REPRESENTATION The data acquisition card is controlled by a properly developed interface using the LabVIEW software running on the PC It consists of two parts first is a graphical environment with components such as displays buttons and charts in order to provide a convenient to use environment for the system operator called front panel and second is the program code which is in block diagram format and consists of built in virtual instruments VIs performing functions such as analog channel sampling mathematical operations file management etc The LabVIEW 8 6 software runs under the Windows 95 98 NT 2000 operating system or earlier than 19 amp 20 It contains Dials Graphs etc to display the parameters LabVIEW is programmed to sense change in parameters every second and according to that display on the screen The screen contains block diagram for each parameter measurement which can be seen after stop the program
11. re give accurate and correct results It is also show deviation in LabVIEW reading PC Reading and Meter Readings M R 131 IGHEM 2010 Oct 21 23 2010 AHEC IIT Roorkee India Tr Ss j fa ES ty aes zi E E A a maes 8 ap efa hel alayalapalagelapeyalagepuyopegeyeyejeyepeyegeyel ele epefagelefayelajejalaalajafayafajepapapeuyayyy b Fig 5 Block diagram of LabVIEW program for monitoring Electrical amp Non electrical parameters of PAT generator unit respectively E IDAS FOR PUMP AS TURINE GENCRATOR UNIT 7040 0 Front Panel Ede Yinew ried Dakin Task Wini Help a gt ap an tart Apetcation Fore el Efe if AEN TE datato Fig 5 c LabVIEW Front panek I for Olor nE of PAT Snaar unit parameters after running the unit with Discharge vs Time curve P IDAS FOR PUMP AS TURBINE GENERATOR UNIT 2010 vi Front Panel fle EGR yew Propet Qperate Took Window ti Pressure of niet valve of turbine hp sq on 2 87 Fig 5 d LabVIEW Front panel II after few mainte of starting the of PAT Serai unit with Power vs Efficiency curve 132 IGHEM 2010 Oct 21 23 2010 AHEC IIT Roorkee India Table 6 a Electrical parameters monitored Vi Ph 1 V2 Ph 2 V3 Ph 3 L Ph 1 I Ph 2 I Ph 3 V V V mA mA mA Mae rce M R r em Rje C MR F emr emr E pea 5835 es ese r e e 100 a 7 e 1 M R Meter Reading P C LabVIEW Reading Table 6 b Electrical parameters monitored el Se O
12. ttings The main disadvantage of using a pump as turbine is the difficulty of finding the turbine characteristics that are needed to select the correct pump for a particular site 8 It is also possible to plot the performance curve for PAT which assists in PAT operation and selection 3 PAT GENERATOR TEST SETUP A complete test rig of a PAT generator directly coupled is installed in Alternate Hydro Energy Centre AHEC Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee as shown in Fig 3 a It consists of a metallic open tank a constant speed pump motor set a flow meter two flow regulating valves one motorsied control valve and a turbine pump generator set The pump draws water from the open tank and supplies to the turbine 128 Specifications of PAT Test RIG Motor pump of 30 H P can produce IGHEM 2010 Oct 21 23 2010 AHEC IIT Roorkee India The turbine discharges into the same tank through draft tube The generator is coupled to the turbine by means of shaft arrangement The generator output terminal connected to the load and it also connected to the control panel 3 1 Parameter Measuring The proposed data acquisition system under consideration used to measure the following two types of parameters namely i Non electrical Parameters Discharge Speed of pump and Generators Temperature of bearings Pressure measurement inlet and outlet of pump Percentage of gate valve opening Efficiency of the PAT ii E
13. ure of turbine in kg cm Which give the necessary head The output of the transmitter is in 0 20mA 15 The interfacing circuit and position of all transducers sensors shown in Fig 3 b All these modules are connected to the PC by means of National Instruments NI USB 6212 data acquisition module 129 IGHEM 2010 Oct 21 23 2010 AHEC IIT Roorkee India Fig 3 b Block diagram of interfacing circuit and position of various transducer sensors Fig 3 c show the actual pictures of the of Experimental test setup comprising various above mentioned equipments Fig 3 d Actual experimental test setup 4 DATA COLLECTION AND PROCESSING INTERFACE As in Fig 3 b the data received by instruments sensors is to be transferred to NI USB 6212 The NI USB 6212 M Series is a low cost multifunction DAQ board optimized for cost sensitive applications all the data is communicated to this specific DAQ module through 16 analog input channels as shown in Fig 3 b amp 4 The NI USB 6212 series is a family of network data acquisition providing analog I O digital T O input output timer counter and other functions Also consider the high speed M Series devices for 5X faster sampling rates or the high accuracy M Series devices for 4X resolution and superior measurement accuracy 16 amp 17 Fig 4 NI USB 6212 module 130 IGHEM 2010 Oct 21 23 2010 AHEC IIT Roorkee India 4 1 Specification of NI USB 6212 18 Analog Input Cha
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