User manual
Contents
1. NDVANCESIGMA errr Edition 01 2011 Contents Thank you for flying ADVANCE Quy 4 About ADVANCE cuicos IRB 5 TheSIGMA A ir a c 6 DISCOVERIES riding area 0s 0111082410 v4 se 6 Outstanding feat res an een na 6 Other important details nee 7 Pilot requirements n HH HH ke r y 9 General information on paragliding ccscccccxscxses 9 Using the paraglider 40H HH He hi p 10 Delivery 10 Basic settings e 10 Adjusting the brake lines 10 Speed system with SPI can He 10 SPIWAlUESz ir ae een ae ine 12 Adjusting the speed system nhu 13 Suit bl amp amp hamiesses 2 0 ack 10 es 15 Weight range san 42 ida 15 Flight characteristics n hi p 16 LAUNCH lcd 16 N rmalltlight a ra nee 17 TUBS re Heerlen 17 Accelerator ent 18 A nee he i els 19 Rapid descent sans aieeeitieneteiH 20 Stalig Aero Ac tosco e ore nen essen ae ae 22 kandidieren ae 1A0 g02302 23 Flying withawet glider Si 561262101 4y NA 6e 10 Es te 24 Wicho rico 24 P2tsk90e 2e n7 e c c 24 PALMO ao 25 Maintenance repairs and service intervals 26 co TO 26 Care and maintenance ocoocconccccccocccnononnnnonancnonnnnnnnnnnnnnonnnnnnnnnnss 26 Eines in a Chec2. Vario sink 3 80 Position Headwind in km h 22 5 22 5 23 5 24 0 Expected climb in m s 13 13 14 15 Vario value Sink rate in m s 28 28 24 24 Vario sink Example SIGMA 8 25 Neutral position Position 30 Position 80 Caution Even though the SIGMA 8 has a high degree of sta bility in accelerated flight you should only use as much speedbar as you feel comfortable with Info According to the table for best glide you should fly to an expected 0 4 m s climb with 30 accelerate and to a 1 3 m s one with 80 This only applies if you can actually get all the way to the next thermal in the accelerated condition Info Although flying into a headwind 15 20 km h gives you the feeling that your gliding performance is being badly affect ed bear in mind that strong sink more than 2 m s has a relatively stronger adverse affect Adjusting the speed system We recommend that the SIGMA 8 s speed system is correctly adjust ed before the first flight The SIGMA 8 s riser system should be con nected to the harness speed lines by means of Brummel hooks The SIGMA 8 speed system can with the help of the SPI be adjust ed so that the whole speed system travel can be used The system is correctly set when pushing the first speed step gives you the 30 position and pushing the second achieves 80 accelerate If set up 13 like this you can achieve 100 pulley to pulley accelerate by press ing the second st
3. lines canopy and risers in a waste incin eration plant 27 lecnmical details SIGMA 8 23 25 27 29 Flat surface m 22 50 25 00 27 00 29 00 Projected surface m 18 92 21 03 22 71 24 39 Span m 11 63 12 25 12 75 13 21 Projected span m 9 03 9 49 9 90 10 26 Aspect ratio 6 0 Projected aspect ratio 4 3 Max chord m 2 414 2 544 2 644 2 740 Min chord m 0 543 0 573 0 595 0 617 Take off weight kg 65 85 75 95 85 110 100 130 Glider weight kg 5 3 5 6 5 9 6 3 Number of cells 61 Number of risers 3 Riser length cm 46 48 50 52 Max length of the lines with the risers cm 707 0 745 0 774 0 802 0 Min speed km h 23 Trim speed km h 39 1 Max speed km h 55 2 Min sink rate m s 1 1 0 1 Best glide 10 0 2 Certification EN LTF 1 Values depending on wing loading harness pilot and glider size 2 Pilot wing equipment 28 Materials used We routinely inspect and test our materials many times over Like all ADVANCE products the SIGMA 8 is designed and produced as a re sult of the latest developments and knowledge We have chosen all the materials very carefully under conditions of the strictest quality control Leading edge New Skytex 6 6 Evolution water repellent 9092 E117 44 g m2 Upper and lower surface New Skytex 6 6 water repellent 9017 E77A 40 g m2 Ribs New Skytex 6 6 hard 9017 E29 40 g m2 Internal partitions New Sk
4. that you will be regularly informed by e mail about news and products It is well worth visiting the ADVANCE website regularly because the range of services offered is continuously being expanded Warranty In order to enjoy the full benefits of the ADVANCE warranty you are requested to complete the relevant form on the website in the War ranty section within 10 days of purchase As part of the ADVANCE warranty we undertake to rectify any de fects in our products that are attributable to manufacturing faults In order for a warranty claim to be made ADVANCE must be noti fied immediately on discovery of a defect and the defective product sent in for inspection The manufacturer will then decide how a possi ble manufacturing fault is to be rectified repair replacement of parts 32 or replacement of the product This warranty is valid for three years from the date The ADVANC of purchase of the product E warranty does not cover any claim other than those listed above Claims in respect of damage resulting from careless or incorrect use of the product e g inadequate maintenance unsuitable storage overloading exposure to extreme temperatures etc are ex pressly excluded The same applies to damage attributable to an ac cident or normal wear and tear Parts Winglet Nylon Wires Cells Longitudinal straps Ring Raff System Velcro openings Mercan Al DAD a
5. the manoeuvre is achieved by progressively releasing the inside brake The body weight should be slightly displaced to the outside of the turn While coming out of a spiral dive with high verti cal and rotational speeds it is essential to release the brake careful ly and or reapply a little inside brake if necessary so that you can prevent the wing pitching back excessively and then diving in front Make sure that you start the recovery with plenty of height remain ing above the ground Generally speaking you should allow the same amount of time to recover as it took to enter the manoeuvre but re member that the sink rate will be higher 0 0 Caution The SIGMA 8 only comes out of a spiral dive by itself if the pilot is in a neutral sitting position From a steep spiral with a high sink rate more than 14 m s recovery requires active outside brake with weight shift to the outside at the same time Caution Weight shifting to the inside of the turn results in in creased acceleration and stable continued rotation In this case active counter braking with simultaneous weight trans fer to the outside of the turn is required to end the manoeuvre push your body outwards Caution The SIGMA 8 is approved for harnesses in group GH without rigid cross bracing Harnesses in group GX with cross bracing or those with very low suspension points carabiners may drastically change the flying characteristics in a spiral See the sect
6. to flying manoeuvres such as wingovers asymmetric spiral reversal and SAT The wing has been tested to the usual 8G load factor but is not specially strengthened Please be aware that dynamic manoeuvres put larger stress on the material and can shorten the glider s life If you do go down this road 24 regular checks of the glider are imperative see section Check You should also be aware of the regulations which apply in your country Paramotoring The SIGMA 8 is not certified for motorised flight 25 Maintenance repalrs and service ntervals Packing The paraglider must be folded cell to cell so that the plastic wires in the cell walls at the leading edge lie flat on each other and don t get bent This will give your SIGMA 8 a long life and retain its fast easy inflating takeoff qualities When folding change the position of the main L R fold on a regular basis so that the same lane isn t always on the outside Don t squash or pack the glider too tightly Care and maintenance Ultraviolet light heat humidity sea water aggressive cleaning agents unsuitable storing and physical abuse dragging across the ground speed up the ageing process The life of a paraglider can be extended significantly by observing the following advice Allow a wet or damp glider to dry by leaving it completely un packed at room temperature or outside in the shade Ifthe glider gets wet with salt water rinse it thoroughly with fr
7. to give you good manoeu vrability don t hold too much outside brake Tip If a brake line should break you can control your SIGMA 8 with the rear risers C risers Accelerated flight The SIGMA 8 has a low drag line system and wing design a high as pect ratio and exceptionally well behaved pitching qualities in turbu lent air These all help to give it a very good glide performance with only moderately increasing sink rates even in accelerated flight In addition the 3 line levels and the choice of profile mean that the SIGMA 8 can be very efficiently accelerated with little effort The SIGMA 8 wing remains extremely stable even in accelerated flight However paragliders operate at a lower angle of attack while flying at their higher speeds and the degree of stability is generally reduced The higher aerodynamic forces involved at higher airspeeds mean that a collapse can be more dynamic see also section Col lapses When flying fast into very turbulent air first release the speed bar completely before you give the necessary control inputs with the brakes for stabilising the wing The SIGMA 8 s high stability allows for flying through moderately turbulent air in accelerated mode Here however active accelerating should be carried out which means controlling the angle of attack with the speed bar instead of the brakes e when the angle of attack increases e g wing pitches back when entering lift the speed bar i
8. With intensive use gt 150 flying hours per year or exces sively demanding use an annual check is needed after the first check When a check is carried out the condition of all materials is assessed in accordance with strict guidelines and tested with great care Finally the overall condition of the glider is rated and recorded in a test report You can find additional information about the check in this manual in the section Service or at www advance ch Repairs As a general rule you should not attempt to repair a paraglider your self The various seams and lines are made with great precision and for this reason only the manufacturer or an authorised service centre may fit identical replacement parts or replace entire cells Exceptions to this rule are the replacement of lines and the repair of small tears up to 5 cm or holes in the fabric that may be glued with the self ad hesive ripstop included in the repair kit After a repair or the replace ment of a line the glider must always be opened out and checked on the ground before the next flight Disposal Environmental protection plays an important role in the selection of materials and the manufacture of an ADVANCE product We use only non toxic materials that are subjected to continuous quality and en vironmental impact assessments When your paraglider reaches the end of its useful life in a number of years time please remove all met al parts and dispose of the
9. accelerated flight This setting should be kept as a matter of prin ciple If the length of the brake lines has to be readjusted there must be 8 cm of slack free travel between the brakes free position and the first effect of brake on the trailing edge in unaccelerated flight We recom mend that the brake handles are secured with a bowline knot See the attached illustration page 35 Speed system with SPI The SIGMA 8 is a cross country glider designed for accelerated flight in bumpy air Accelerated flight plays an ever more important role for the recreational pilot and a high average speed is a decisive factor in the success of long flights This requires an ongoing review of the choice of speed to fly between thermals based on the current head wind expected next climb quality and the effect of sinking air and the right decision will achieve the best possible glide or the shortest time to cloudbase The SPI is a very important feature of the SIGMA 8 10 The SIGMA 8 has a speed system with a Speed Performance Indi cator SPI which reads off against 2 positions on the backs of the C risers 30 and 80 positions The red markers on the speed sys tem enable a precise speed bar position to be set to suit the in flight situation Thanks to its well behaved pitching qualities the SIGMA 8 can also be accelerated without problem in light turbulence Because of its high performance in accelerated flight the choice of speed to fly p
10. ad re lt A4 AB P A6 2A1 2A2 A7 b gt AS 2A3 AG Ag A10 3A1 A AN An BI B2 B3 4 bB4 8 3A2 N N gt B6 2A5 B7 gt B8 2A6 2B1 2B2 B9 4 pS 283 SBA SL Asta stB C1 g ADVANCESIGMA 23 25 27 29 35 1ISCfS Riser quicklinks and clips Speed system pulley Brummel hooks Magnetic clips Swivel Speed Performance Indicator SPI O SPI scale back of the C risers 36 Sowine knot Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 O 8 J g g g 39 advance thun ag fon 41 33 225 70 10 www advance ch uttigengstrasse 87 fax 41 33 225 70 11 info advance ch ch 3600 thun
11. bility for all risks including injury or even death when carrying out paraglider sports Neither the man ufacturer nor the seller of a paraglider can guarantee or be held re sponsible for the pilot s safety Using the paraglider Delivery Before delivery every ADVANCE paraglider has to be flown by the dealer and checked for correct settings and trim When this has been done the dealer enters the date of the first flight on the label attached to a centre rib This entry together with a completed warranty form will ensure that defects in the product attributable to manufacturing faults are covered by the ADVANCE warranty See Warranty in the section Service The SIGMA 8 comes with a backpack an inner bag a compression strap a repair kit speed bar with lines a mini windsock in the canopy colours and a booklet called Getting started Basic settings The basic SIGMA 8 set up at delivery is the original trim setting that the ADVANCE test team have found to be best and the glider was certified in this condition Any personal alteration or modification to the paraglider for example changing the line lengths or fitting differ ent risers or quick links by the owner will result in invalidation of the certification See section Certification Adjusting the brake lines The length of the brake lines is set at the factory so that the trailing edge is not braked is crease free when brakes are fully released in fully
12. crease your confidence in the SIGMA 8 s handling from the very beginning Launch Before every takeoff carry out the following pre takeoff checks 1 Harness and helmet done up reserve OK 2 Lines free 3 Canopy open 4 Wind direction and strength assessed 5 Airspace and field of view clear Thanks to its easy rising profile the SIGMA 8 takeoff behaviour is very smooth and easy for both forward and reverse takeoffs The canopy inflates quickly and rises progressively without hanging or shooting in front The canopy should be laid out in a slightly curved shape so that it fills cleanly from the middle out Tip To get the wing in the right shape for takeoff pull the brake lines in until they are all under tension while you are sorting the lines This will produce the best curve Forward launch The SIGMA 8 only needs a moderate pull up impulse even in a light wind It is not necessary to step back and run into the lines Lead the glider up with pronounced forward leaning but without too much pull on the A risers until the wing has risen cleanly above you Any corrections during the inflation phase should only be made by pilot movement under the glider without using brake After corrections and a visual check a few quick steps with a pronounced forward lean are all that are required to launch even in light wind Reverse launch Reverse launch is particularly recommended in stronger breezes but it is also easy
13. e deep stall limit Added to this water drops on the top surface have a detrimental effect on the lam inar flow of the boundary layer near the leading edge which distinct ly reduces the maximum lift coefficient If the wet glider is also being flown at its lower weight limit there is a further small effect in increas ing the angle of attack as well as there being a lower airspeed be cause of the reduced wing loading In order to avoid the risk of deep stall with a wet glider the wing should be braked as little as possible and big ears not employed at all As a further preventative measure apply moderate 25 40 speed bar All these measures have a small effect on reducing the angle of attack Should the wet glider get into deep stall recovery can only be achieved using the speed bar See also section Deep stall Winching The SIGMA 8 is suitable for winch launching When taking off in wind less conditions ensure that the paraglider is laid out in an arched or even wedge shape risk of the glider rosetting Winch launch is only permitted if e the pilot has completed a tow training course only Germany DHV e the winch system is certified for use with paragliders e the winch operator has been fully trained in how to winch paragliders Aerobatics The SIGMA 8 was developed as a cross country and thermaling para glider with a high fun factor With suitable pilot skill and the right equipment the SIGMA 8 lends itself
14. ep with outstretched toes or adding your second foot to the speed loop in your speedbag After initial adjustment of the speed bar for leg length and harness fine adjustment is carried out by altering the 2 phase speed system on the risers by moving the knots which locate the gear change balls see ball in the illustration the speed bar travel and load can be adjusted Example If the knots are moved downwards the change from 3 1 to 2 1 occurs earlier then raising the loading but shortening the total travel Conversely moving the knots up wards delays the gear change eases and lengthens the total travel of the speed bar Optimum adjustment of the 2 phase system enables a smooth tri ple transfer with bent legs and an efficient double transfer with out stretched legs The SIGMA 8 speed system is arranged so that the profile shape is fully retained over the angle of attack range of the speed system This keeps the good qualities of the profile at high speeds 14 Caution The speed system is correctly adjusted when you can apply the whole accelerate travel of the glider Be careful not to adjust the speed lines so short that the wing would be accelerated in flight all the time Suitable harnesses The SIGMA 8 is certified for harnesses in group GH without rigid cross bracing see the Certification section The suspension points ofthe chosen harness should ideally have a distance of approx 45 cm as well as a heig
15. esh water Only clean the glider with fresh water and a little neutral soap if necessary Do not use solvents under any circumstances If the glider has been subjected to increased stress such as a tree landing have it examined by an expert e Regularly remove sand leaves stones and snow from the cells Openings with Velcro closures are provided at the wing tips for this purpose e Do not leave the glider out in the sun unnecessarily before and after flight UV light e Do not subject the packed glider to excessive temperature fluctuations and do ensure adequate air circulation to prevent con densation forming e Do not drag the glider across the ground e When landing make sure that the canopy does not fall on its lead ing edge Lines The SIGMA 8 A and B bottom lines are covered so are well protected from the higher degree of wear and tear in this area The middle and upper galleries are uncovered as well as the lower C lines Their low er drag noticeably improves the glider s performance and the special coating improves their resistance to UV radiation and abrasion Nev ertheless uncovered lines call for greater attention and care Regular checks of the glider are imperative See section Check 26 Caution Uncovered lines call for greater attention and care It is essential to have them checked at the requisite intervals Check A new ADVANCE paraglider must be given a check every 24 months 2 years
16. ess and dynamic handling paired with performance enriched with the latest technology reduced to minimum weight This wing is just waiting to take you on new flying adventures to leave your well worn paths and investigate some fresh countryside Outstanding features Uncompromising 3 Liner The SIGMA 8 is a true three liner with much less drag and the best possible compromise of performance handling and aspect ratio The noticeable balanced pitching quality allows the glider to operate at a glide ratio of 10 and a top speed of 55 km h even in turbulent air The reduction to 3 line levels also means that the SIGMA 8 can be more easily and efficiently accelerated High fun factor The origin of the lively sporty handling lies in ideal lift distribution combined with the specially selected new profile This also makes the SIGMA 8 behave more quietly in pitch and roll as well as providing nicer turning and improved circling The result is more direct and pre cise manoeuvering in all dimensions New technology inside The inside of the SIGMA 8 is evolutionary an analysis of the structure with a focus on weight reduction and the inclusion of the latest tech nology such as Nylon wires make the SIGMA 8 to one of the lightest of its class The end result is knock on benefits less canopy inertia therefore even better pitch control and ultimately more passive safety PERFORMING SPORTY EVOLUTIONARY Other important details Efficient a
17. give it time to start flying and then you can stabilise it using the brakes Reopening should not be forced with excessive control re sponses because of the risk of a total airflow breakdown Rapid descent To descend quickly and efficiently the ADVANCE test team recom mends a rapid descent with a spiral dive or big ears the latter with or without speed bar depending on the situation You should some times practise rapid descents in calm air so that they will not become an emergency when needed Tip To effectively lose height and get away from a hazardous place you can use both of the SIGMA 8 outer A lines for big ears 3A3 and 3A2 always with the speed system Symmetrical collapsing of the wingtips big ears To do this manoeuvre pull the red marked outer A line of each A riser simultaneously and briskly downwards This causes the wing tips to fold inwards and you can then hold them in this position To reopen let the A lines go and they will open by themselves after a short delay If necessary you can speed up the reopening with a brief tug on the brake lines The sink rate can be increased by applying speed bar Depending on the situation the glider can be steered using weight shift Caution Do not fly spiral dives or abrupt changes of direction with big ears the increased strain on a smaller number of lines may result in structural damage Caution Remember that flying with big ears increases the chance of
18. ht of 40 to 48 cm The SIGMA 8 is neither suitable nor approved for harnesses in the GX group with active cross bracing The use of this type of harness may have a detrimental effect on the handling and extreme flight characteristics The SIGMA 8 was specially trimmed for use with a streamlined har ness For this reason we recommend a harness with speedbag in order to get the best out of the SIGMA 8 s great performance The ADVANCE IMPRESS or LIGHTNESS harness is particularly suitable since the SIGMA 8 was designed and tested with it in mind Info Experience has shown that you can significantly im prove your glide angle by using an aerodynamically stream lined harness Weight range The weight ranges for the different wing sizes are listed in the Tech nical Data section The figures given there refer to total take off weight This includes the pilot s body weight including clothing as well as the weight of all the equipment paraglider harness instru ments etc everything that s going to fly Flying at the lower or upper limits of the weight range can affect the flying characteristics of the wing without however compromising your safety The SIGMA 8 s performance remains the same whether flying in its lower or upper weight region ioht characteristics We recommend that first flights with the new paraglider be undertak en in calm conditions at a familiar place A few pull ups on gentle ter rain will in
19. in light wind On account of the long lines the pilot should walk or run towards the SIGMA 8 as necessary while pulling up so as to control the tug and rising rate of the paraglider and so prevent any tendency for it to overshoot the overhead position Dur ing a reverse launch corrections during pull up should ideally only be carried out by pilot movement under the wing Stabilising the wing in the overhead position turning and taking off will then be easy Tip Playing with the glider on flat ground in a light wind de 16 velops a good feeling for the wing The ADVANCE test team have a motto an hour on the ground is worth ten flights Normal flight In calm air the SIGMA 8 best glide is achieved with fully released brakes Light braking brings the glider to its minimum sink condition When flying into a headwind through descending air or when pro ceeding to the next thermal glide performance will be distinctly im proved by appropriate use of the speed system The SPI is there to help you do this See also section Speed Performance Indicator SPI Despite the wing s high stability an active flying style is recommended collapses can be almost completely avoided Active flying means keeping the lightly braked glider directly above you in other words countering roll and pitch disturbances Info Make sure that you always take note of your weight and the type of harness for comparison flights The exceptional perfo
20. ing occupies a significant proportion of the specifications that have to be met 30 Service ADVANCE Service Centres ADVANCE operates two company owned service centres that car ry out checks and repairs of all types The workshops based in Swit zerland and France are official maintenance operations certified by the German Hanggliding and Paragliding Federation DHV which has many years experience and in depth product specific expertise The ADVANCE worldwide service network includes other authorised service centres that provide the same services All service facilities use original ADVANCE materials exclusively You can find all informa tion on checks and repairs and the relevant addresses at www ad vance ch The ADVANCE website At www advance ch you will find detailed information about ADVANCE and its products as well as useful addresses which you can contact if you have any questions Among the things you will be able to do on the website are complete the warranty card online up to 10 days after purchase of the glider enabling you to enjoy the full benefits of the ADVANCE warranty e find out about new safety related knowledge and advice con cerning ADVANCE products e download an application form in PDF format which you can use when sending your glider in for a check at ADVANCE e find an answer to a burning question among the FAQs Frequently Asked Questions e subscribe to the ADVANCE Newsletter so
21. ion Suitable harnesses 21 Q Caution Do not fly spiral dives or aggressive changes of di rection with big ears applied the raised wing loading carried by fewer lines can damage the glider B Stall The B Stall puts high stresses on the material and the profile shape of the glider We recommend that you do not fly B stalls regularly even this manoeuvre does not present special difficulties to the SIGMA 8 Stalling One sided stall spin The SIGMA 8 warns you of an impending spin by an increasing pres sure from the brake in a turn If you maintain the brake differential on the paraglider you will then notice a marked reduction in brake pres sure on the inside of the turn In this situation you must fully release the brake line immediately enabling the SIGMA 8 to return to normal flight of its own accord If you were to fully stall a wing the glider will fall into a spin negative rotation Depending on the situation from which you let it fly again it can then shoot forward and collapse While it is shooting forward the canopy can be stabilised by careful braking Normal flight may then be resumed without further collapse Flying a spin is not recommended although this manoeuvre does not present any particular difficulties with the SIGMA 8 Tip Basically you should immediately release both brakes completely in all out of control flight situations but especially at the onset of spinning behaviour Full stall The i
22. k Repairs DiSP0sal u a Technical det lls u killen 28 MECANICA anna a 29 Certificates tal dro een 30 AM iii a a 32 ADVANCE Service Centr8S ccoooocccncccccooocnnnoonnnononnnononnnnnnonnnnnnonos 32 The ADVANCE websif 000 220121221 12v vn 32 Warranty essen hier 0g b o da 32 Parts Mt ee dd a o ee 34 Eineplan u rs een ea dee e a eiea eia 35 UTA E a a nh C h 36 BOoWlinekNdOt ocio naar hal an 37 Thank you Tor ting ADVANCE Congratulations on your choice of SIGMA 8 a quality product from ADVANCE We are sure that you will spend many rewarding hours in the air with it The user manual is an important part of the glider Here you will find instructions and important information about safety care of the glider and maintenance and that s why we recommend that you read this document carefully before your first flight The latest version of this manual as well as further updated informa tion can be found at www advance ch Any new safety related infor mation will also be published on the website If you have any further questions or problems please contact your dealer or get in touch di rectly with ADVANCE We wish you a lot of enjoyment with your SIGMA 8 and always hap py landings Team ADVANCE About ADVANCE ADVANCE based in Switzerland is one of the world s leading pa raglider manufacturers Since it was founded in 1988 the compa ny has consistently pursued i
23. lays a very important part in obtaining the best gliding performance Each of the SIGMA 8 SPI positions has a value for headwind expect ed climb and sink rate These indicated positions are effective for on ly one of their three values taken in isolation considered by itself This means that either the headwind or the expected rate of climb or the sink rate applies to that position The SPI principle is based on the simple using headwind and sink and the extended including ex pected climb rate McReady Speed To Fly theory SPI values The following table gives the theoretical values for two 30 and 80 accelerate positions on the SPI Notice that each SIGMA 8 size has a slightly different polar curve Practical examples for best glide with SIGMA 8 25 e With no headwind or with a tailwind little or no expected thermal and the glider s normal sink rate ca 1 m s vario fly with no speed bar e With a headwind of 10 5 km h or an expected next climb vario of 0 4 m s or a sink rate vario of 1 4 m s set the 30 position If two or more of these values apply at the same time you can already use the 80 position e With a headwind of 22 5 km h or an expected climb rate vario of 1 3 m s or a vario sink rate of 2 3 m s choose the 80 position SIGMA 8 23 25 27 29 30 Position Headwind in km h 10 5 10 5 11 5 12 0 Expected climb in m s 04 04 05 05 Vario value Sink rate in m s 1 4 1 4 iP le
24. nd a strong specially impregnated fabric is used here to im prove the life of the wing Velcro closures at the wingtips make it easy to remove debris like sand and snow from the glider Like all ADVANCE models the SIGMA 8 has line swivels and magnets on the brake handles which come in two sizes depending on the glider size Pilot requirements The SIGMA 8 is a high performance intermediate that suits the expe rienced thermal pilot who has at least already made his first cross country flights and who possesses a good feeling for a glider He has an active flying style can recognise and prevent the onset of trouble and has no problem with fast descent techniques If these conditions are met the performance potential of this glider can be realised and the pilot cover the countryside feeling safe and relaxed General information on paragliding Flying a paraglider calls for appropriate training and a sound knowl edge of the subject as well as of course the necessary insurance cover and licence A pilot must be able to correctly assess the weath er conditions before taking off His or her capabilities must be ade quate for the actual paraglider Wearing an adequate helmet suitable boots and clothing and car rying an emergency parachute are essential Before every flight all items of equipment should be checked for damage and airworthi ness A proper pre takeoff check must also be carried out Every pilot bears sole responsi
25. nd smooth 2 phase speed system with SPI Thanks to its 3 line levels and the choice of profile the SIGMA 8 can be very efficiently accelerated with little effort In addition the SIGMA 8 has a variable ratio speed system This means that the speed bar travel and pressure can be changed to suit the user s anatomy smooth 3 1 ratio when the legs are bent and efficient more direct 2 1 with outstretched legs During accelerated flight the Speed Per formance Indicator SPI always shows the ideal against the currently selected accelerate setting Hybrid lines A mixed line system makes the SIGMA 8 robust and gives it good fly ing performance The lower A and B lines are covered to withstand the exposure to wear in this area The uncovered lower C lines and those of the middle and upper galleries reduce aerodynamic drag and therefore contribute to more performance They are special ly coated to provide high resistance to UV radiation and abrasion At line junctions the line loops are thickened resulting in reduced sur face pressure A well tried Dyneema Aramid combination for the brake lines provides a high degree of length stability ADVANCE Standards ADVANCE pays a lot of attention to small details Sewn in tension straps improve the wing s stability and the distinctive winglets reduce induced drag vortex effect The Smart Sail System aligns the mate rial at the leading edge in the best direction to match the loads in this area a
26. nitiation of a full stall is effected by progressive symmetrical pull ing of both brakes This reduces the forward speed The airflow and wind noise decrease On reaching the stalling speed the paraglid er initially goes into a brief deep stall phase Further pulling on the brakes will cause the airflow to break away completely and the pa raglider then tips backwards into a full stall When recovering from this manoeuvre the canopy must be preinflated over its complete wingspan To achieve this the brake lines should be released slowly at first and then only released fully after preinflation The SIGMA 8 canopy turns out to be very manageable while stalling as well as during full stall recovery If however a wingtip does cravat 22 keep the SIGMA 8 going straight by using carefully applied brake and free the cravat by pulling down the relevant red marked stabilo line Opening a cravat can also be speeded up by pumping the brake To do this pull down the cravat side brake line as far as 75 brake travel within two seconds then release it immediately The SIGMA 8 possesses minimal tendency to shoot forward It has not been possible to establish a stable deep stall See also section Flying with a wet paraglider about this topic Deep stall The SIGMA 8 has not shown a desire to go into stable deep stall by itself The glider can however be brought into deep stall by means of the brakes and kept there Be aware that the tra
27. nsition into deep stall is gentle and can happen almost imperceptibly The glider will recover by itself as soon as the brake lines are fully released Like any paraglider the SIGMA 8 will be more prone to deep stall if it gets wet or flies in rain If the wet wing does go into parachutal stall only use the speed system to recover See also section Flying with a wet paraglider Landing Always make a proper landing circuit with a defined final approach As the ground approaches progressively increase brake to level the flight path before continuing to full brake to completely arrest the for ward speed Caution Steep turn reversals lead to strong swinging of the pilot and should not be done near the ground Caution Braking will reduce your speed and increase your sink but it will certainly seriously restrict your ability to ma noeuvre should unquestionably be avoided when top landing and on final approach Caution Never let your glider fall to the ground on its leading edge The overpressure so caused inside the wing can rip the cell walls and damage the leading edge Caution Getting below minimum speed leads to stalling this 23 Flying with a wet paraglider Flying with a wet glider creates a risk of deep stall Deep stall is of ten the result of a combination of factors The weight of the wet can opy goes up and this increased weight increases the angle of attack which always puts the glider nearer th
28. rmance of the SIGMA 8 becomes evident above all in accelerated condition into a headwind and because of its well behaved pitching behaviour in turbulent air Turns The SIGMA 8 has short and soft but also very precise braking and steering travel It responds very directly and progressively to increas ing brake inputs Control of the paraglider is easily assisted by active weight shifting The SIGMA 8 holds your chosen turn radius with a steady steering application without needing large corrections from you You can always increase or reduce your angle of bank by pres sure on the brake lines The SIGMA 8 makes a very agreeable companion in thermals You do not have to correct for large pitching movements and this im proves your climbing behaviour and therefore your performance significantly When thermalling choose the desired angle of bank and corresponding radius and try to let the glider turn steadily in this at titude Outside brake should be used to steady the wing tip and in particular control the rate of turn Anything stronger will slow the wingtip down and lose the glider s good steering qualities A harness specifically designed to match the flying characteristics of the SIGMA 8 helps you to initialise and stabilise turns of this type which should be as even as possible See also section Suitable har nesses Q Caution When circling your SIGMA 8 in thermals make sure you always have enough airspeed
29. s briefly pressed harder e when the angle of attack decreases e g wing pitches forward the speed bar is released As aresult pitching disturbances will be reduced to a minimum and optimum glide performance achieved See also the section Speed system on the topic of Accelerated flight Info The SIGMA 8 has only 3 line levels which makes for exceptionally easy accelerating and enables high speeds to be reached with only modest speed bar travel Use the speed bar with care and sensitivity Tip Make sure that brake is not applied at the same time as speed bar otherwise you will find yourself in the worst possi ble gliding situation without gaining any advantage 18 Collapses Asymmetric collapsing of the canopy The SIGMA 8 features a very taut and stable canopy With an active flying technique in normal flying conditions collapses can be almost completely prevented The wing gives very precise canopy feedback and makes it possible to sense an impending collapse early on thus helping timely pilot reaction Should a collapse occur the wing will fold in a predictable and progressive manner from wing tip towards the centre If the glider does however suffer a side collapse at trim speed it will respond to collapses of 50 or more with a slight turning tendency allowing heading to be easily held with light counter steering Normal ly the wing will reopen without pilot action Due to higher aerodynamic forces d
30. stalling Be cautious with the use of brake when the ears are folded and avoid this rapid descent technique when the glider is wet See also section Flying with a wet paraglider Tip You can use both SIGMA 8 outer A lines 3A3 und 3A2 for big ears without problem The increased angle of attack and raised form drag puts you nearer the point of stall and speedbar must always be applied in this configuration Tip In general we recommend that the speed bar is always used with big ears This raises the descent rate and minimises the risk of deep stall as well 20 Spiral dive For the most comfortable way of doing this we recommend a neutral sitting position without active weight shift and a shoulder width cara biner distance approx 45 cm Enter the spiral by progressively pulling one brake Your head and field of view should be directed in the turn direction As the angle of bank increases so will the rate of turn and centrifugal force The behaviour of the spiralling paraglider can be separated into two phases in the beginning the glider begins with a normal turn which progressively tightens with increasing angle of bank In the sec ond phase the paraglider engages its spiral mode This means that the wing dives forward with an increase of acceleration During this phase of the manoeuvre try to keep a neutral sitting position and give way to the centrifugal force your body will be pushed to the outside Recovery from
31. ts own directions and concepts both in development and production The results are quality products with distinctive characteristics At the heart of the ADVANCE brand is a team of specialists who share the passion of the customers who place their trust in the com pany s products With their thorough understanding of flying they contribute their valuable personal experience and dedication to the working processes For many years ADVANCE has drawn on the competition scene for its technical expertise Its small team of test and competition pilots regularly notches up remarkable sporting successes with ADVANCE prototypes winning numerous important international titles Total control of the production process and supervision of the work ing practices at the ADVANCE factory in Vietnam ensure a high standard of workmanship Long term relationships with fabric and line manufacturers means that ADVANCE knowledge and expertise also finds its way directly into the develooment of new materials ADVANCE attaches great importance to after sales customer sup port and has built up a worldwide service network for this purpose An on going interaction with its customers brings in a steady flow of new knowledge that finds its way into ADVANCE products thus com pleting the Circle of Service The SIGMA 6 Discover free riding As a top performance intermediate with a high fun factor the SIGMA 8 is the definitive Cross Country Free Rider sportin
32. uring accelerated flight the glid er will respond to a side collapse a little more impulsively The sever ity of the collapse in accelerated flight is softened because the wing collapses from the wingtip towards the centre The turning tenden cy in fully accelerated flight will be more dynamic but is still well con trollable As a general rule after an asymmetric collapse the wing s direction must be maintained by controlled counter braking and internal wing pressure increased by pumping on the closed side This speeds up canopy reopening Control inputs on the open side should be carried out carefully in order to prevent this wing stalling Poorly executed wingovers may make the wing tips roll in from the side often creating cravats Due to the high drag they produce cra vats may lead to strong spiralling In this case first prevent a rapid in crease in rotational speed by carefully controlled counter steering Then open the hooked up wing tip by pulling on the red marked sta bilo line Caution If you want to make an accelerated collapse during safety training we recommend that you lead up to it slowly starting with unaccelerated and then partially accelerated at tempts Symmetric collapsing front collapse Following a spontaneous or deliberate front collapse the airflow will break away from the wing which will pitch back followed by the pi lot Wait without applying any brake until the wing is overhead again
33. ytex 6 6 hard 70000 E91 27 g m2 Leading and trailing edge reinforcements Polyester laminated 20mm Lower leading edge reinforcements Polyamid 16 mm Lines e Edelrid Technora Aramid 6843 200 160 covered 1 9 1 5 mm main lines e Liros Technora Aramid LTC 200 uncovered UV coated 1 3 mm C main lines e Edelrid Technora Aramid 8000U 130 90 uncovered UV coated 1 0 0 8 mm 2nd level e Edelrid Technora Aramid 8000U 70 50 uncovered UV coated 0 7 0 5 mm 1st level e Edelrid Technora Aramid 8000U 70 50 uncovered UV coated 0 7 0 5 mm brake lines e DFLP 232 Dyneema Polyester Liros Technora Aramid LTC 160 1 6 1 1 mm steering line Risers Polyester Technora Aramid 18mm 1000kg Quick links Maillon Rapide Inox stainless 3 5 mm 750 kg 29 Certification The SIGMA 8 has been awarded LTF and EN The certification reports can be downloaded from www advance ch Certification ratings can only provide limited information about a pa raglider s flying behaviour in thermally active and turbulent air The certification grading is based primarily on provoked extreme flight manoeuvres in calm air During the development of an ADVANCE paraglider the emphasis is first and foremost on flying behaviour and handling and not exclusive ly on the certification test The result is a well rounded product with the familiar ADVANCE handling Nevertheless the certification rat
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