Home

YAMON™ User`s Manual

1. Message Description Power On Displayed by hardware if no core board is available or core board is not recognized by YAMON Atlas and Malta only Flash DL Displayed by hardware if board has been placed in flash programming mode Atlas and Malta only CPU CPU specific initialisation CACHE Cache sized being detected ICACHE I cache being initialized SEAD SEAD specific initialisation SEAD 2 SEAD 2 specific initialisation ATLAS Atlas specific initialisation MALTA Malta specific initialisation RAM About to do basic RAM test RAM_HILO Write test pattern to RAM Hi middle Lo addresses RAM_TEST Perform test of RAM used by YAMON CLEAR Clearing YAMON s bss segment in RAM STACK Setting sp and gp INFO Store various system info in RAM CINFO Store various cache info in RAM About to call first C function FIRSTC HINT If YAMON boot halts at this point it could be that the PCI frequency is set too high for the Core board installed o RTC Initializing YAMON RTC driver YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 49 12 Diagnostics and Error Messages Table 16 ASCII LED Display Diagnostic Messages Continued Message Description FREQ Initializing YAMON module FREQ FREQCPU Detecting CPU frequency FREQBUS Detecting bus frequency PCI Performing PCI auto configuration GT64120 Galil
2. An option may be applied specifying which flash region to erase If no such option is applied the address range to be erased is specified by the lt address gt and lt size gt parameters If no such range is specified either the range corresponding to the default option is assumed if there is a default option this is platform specific If and only if the e option erase environment flash is applied the system environment variables are reinitialized to factory default values If a range is specified all flash blocks touched by the range are cleared The block size depends on the flash memory type used by the board The blocks to be cleared are displayed and the user is asked for confirmation before the operation is performed Erasing a large flash area takes time It can easily take several minutes to erase a 32 MByte area Any set flash sector lock bits will be cleared before the sector is erased If they cannot be cleared e g due to hardware protection of the lock bits the command will fail e Erase and reinitialize entire environment area S Erase entire system flash default option Only available on some platforms fill YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 14 3 Shell Commands SYNOPSIS fill 81 161 32 lt address gt lt size gt lt data gt Fills the specified memory area
3. OPTIONS NAME None dis SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION OPTIONS dis m 16 lt address gt lt count gt Disassemble code starting at lt address gt Disassembles MIPS64 MIPS32 instructions Includes MIPS 3D and MIPS16e ASEs Includes MIPS64 MIPS32 Release 2 instructions lt count gt default 16 specifies the number of instructions to disassemble The continuation command works together with dis m Prompt user for keypress after each screen of data 16 Disassemble MIPS 16e code YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 12 3 Shell Commands disk f id hdalhdblhdclhdd read hdalhdblhdclhdd lt sector gt lt count gt lt addr gt SYNOPSIS write hdalhdblhdclhdd lt sector gt lt count gt lt addr gt Malta only Command for copying data to from IDE harddisk or compact flash module The disks are named the following way Primary master hda Primary slave hdb Secondary master hdc Secondary slave hdd When a single device is attached to an interface it is recommended to set it as master Otherwise the device may not be detected immediately following a reset For example a disk id command may not detect the device if executed directly following a reset but will detect the device after a few seconds Depending on the configuration a command executed directly following a reset may
4. 5 3 Cache Issues It is a potential source of errors to access two memory locations contained within the same cache line both cached and uncached If for example an address is written uncached it may later be overwritten if the corresponding cache line is evicted YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 27 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 5 Special Issues Another potential source of errors is when an application is loaded to memory Since this is done by writing the instructions to memory using store word instructions D cache domain it is important that the I cache is invalidated so that it will be refilled before executing new instructions To make sure the I cache refill is performed on the correct data the D cache must be flushed to physical memory after loading the application The CPU pipeline must be flushed as well Also if the application executes uncached it is important to flush the D cache before starting to load the application All of this is handled by the load and gdb commands The copy and disk commands also flush the caches before and after copying data This is done since these commands are expected to be frequently used for moving applications between e g flash and RAM Doing this requires the D cache to be flushed and the I cache to be invalidated as described above If the user does not want the command to flush caches he may apply the f option Otherwise Y
5. Note that the exact limitation on the filesize in the TFTP protocol is Ox 1fffdff bytes appr 32 Mbytes Any file larger than this size cannot be transferred OPTIONS None NAME gdb SYNOPSIS gdb v c lt args gt Setup connection to GDB debugger on port tty1 The Standard GDB remote protocol is used If the user application is not currently running and Ctrl C is typed at the console port YAMON will leave GDB mode and return to the command prompt lt args gt is broken up in substrings and passed to the application The list of arguments to be passed must begin with a The is not passed as an argument The first argument argv 0 will be the string gdb DESCRIPTION Section 8 1 Entry describes how arguments are passed to the application and how the application context is initially setup The application may return to YAMON by jumping to the address specified in ra or by calling the exit rc function supplied by YAMON The verbose v option will cause the commands from the GDB host and the responses from YAMON to be displayed on the console port The checksum off c option will disable validation of the cheksum used in GDB commands This is useful in case the user wishes to enter commands manually Two checksum characters should still be used in the commands but the values are don t care v Display messages from and to GDB host AERONS C Disable check of GDB checksum NAME go SYNOPSIS go l l lt address gt lt args g
6. duplication reproduction release modification disclosure or transfer of this information or any related documentation of any kind is restricted in accordance with Federal Acquisition Regulation 12 212 for civilian agencies and Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement 227 7202 for military agencies The use of this information by the Government is further restricted in accordance with the terms of the license agreement s and or applicable contract terms and conditions covering this information from MIPS Technologies or an authorized third party MIPS MIPS16 MIPS32 MIPS64 QuickMIPS 4Kc 4Km R3000 and R5000 are among the registered trademarks of MIPS Technologies Inc in the United States and or other countries and MIPS16e MIPS 3D MIPS Based MIPS I MIPS I MIPS III MIPS IV MIPS V MIPS RISC Certified Power logo MIPSsim MIPS Technologies logo R4000 4K 4Kp 4KE 4KEc 4KEm 4KEp 4KS 4KSc 4KSd M4K 5K 5Kc 5Kf 20Kc 24K 24Kf 24Kc 25Kf ASMACRO ATLAS At the Core of the User Experience BusBridge CorExtend CoreFPGA CoreLV EC FastMIPS JALGO MALTA MDMX MGB PDtrace The Pipeline Pro Series SEAD SEAD 2 SmartMIPS SOC it and YAMON are among the trademarks of MIPS Technologies Inc All other trademarks referred to herein are the property of their respective owners Template 1 12 Built with tags 2B YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights rese
7. is applied and no module is specified a list of the available modules is displayed If the option m is applied and a module is specified additional information about the module test and the optional arguments is displayed If the option 1 is applied all available modules are tested repetitively until Ctrl C is pressed or a test fails The I option cannot be specified together with other options or arguments OPTIONS m List available test modules l Loop default tests until Ctrl C is pressed YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 20 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 3 Shell Commands NAME tlb if CPU has TLB tlb i s lt index gt lt pagesize gt lt va gt lt g gt lt asid gt SYNOPSIS lt pa0 gt lt c0 gt lt d0 gt lt v0 gt lt pal gt lt c1 gt lt dl gt lt v1 gt Display or edit TLB Some CPUs MIPS32 MIPS64 Release 2 or later only may support small pages 1kB The s option is only available when running on such a CPU s is used to toggle between enabling and disabling small pages It may only be used in conjunction with i since toggling this state requires the TLB to be reinitialised In case there are no parameters the contents of the TLB is displayed Tf small pages are available the state of this feature enabled disabled is also displayed In case all parameters are available the TLB
8. case of 64 bit registers Each register is represented by 4 or 8 bytes of register data each encoded as two hex digits In total 90 registers are read The register sequence is the following 0 31 CPO STATUS Special register LO Special register HI CPO BADVADDR CPO CAUSE CPO EPC fp0 fp31 set to 0 CP1 FSR set to 0 CP1 FIR set to 0 Frame pointer set to 0 Dummy register set to 0 CPO INDEX CPO RANDOM CPO ENTRYLOO CPO ENTRYLO1 CPO CONTEXT CPO PAGEMASK CPO WIRED CPO register 7 set to 0 CPO BADVADDR again CPO COUNT CPO ENTRYHI CPO COMPARE CPO STATUS again CPO CAUSE again CPO EPC again CPO PRID lt data gt data consists of 90 8 32 bit registers or 90 16 64 bit registers hex digits Read single register r lt NN gt S Description Reply Read value of register NN NN corresponds to the register number as listed above for the g command As such NN must be less than 90 Width depends on S default 4 S is 4 in case of 32 bit register and 8 in case of 64 bit register lt data gt data consists of 8 or 16 hex digits depending on 32 or 64 bit registers YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 42 9 GDB Interface Restart Write Single Register R if running extended protocol Form
9. entry at the requested index is written The number of TLB entries is CPU specific Available settings of lt pagesize gt are 0x400 1kB if small pages are enabled 0x1000 4kB 0x4000 16kB 0x10000 64kB 0x40000 256kB 0x100000 1MB 0x400000 4MB 0x1000000 16MB Available settings of c0 c1 cache algorithm for even odd page are processor specific However the values 2 and 3 are typically reserved for Uncached 2 and Cacheable 3 modes DESCRIPTION Values 0 7 are available Other parameters are va Virtual base address of even odd pair of pages The va specified is the one used for the even page so it must be aligned to pagesize 2 g GLOBAL setting Cn gt ASID is used y gt Ignore ASID asid ASID setting only relevant if g n pa0 Physical base address of even page Must be aligned to pagesize d0 DIRTY setting of even page y gt write enabled n gt write protected v0 VALID setting of even page y gt valid n gt not valid pal Physical base address of odd page Must be aligned to pagesize dl DIRTY setting of odd page y gt write enabled n gt write protected vl VALID setting of odd page y gt valid n gt not valid Example TLB index 2 Pagesize 4kB Global mapping i e ASID ignored ASID Oxff but ignored Cache algorithm 3 Cacheable Both pages valid Virtual address Physical address Dirty i e write
10. mode may be abandoned by typing Ctrl C on port tty0 Initial application parameters may be applied as described in Section 3 Shell Commands The initial application context is the same as described for the go command see Table 12 Applications may register Exception Service Routines ESRs as described in Section 8 3 Functions However the YAMON gdb stub must own the BREAK exception Setting breakpoints in exception handling code is not supported GDB assumes by default 9600 baud so either modfy the baudrate used by GDB or use the stty tty 1 9600 command to configure tty1 accordingly On the host side you should issue the following GDB commands set endian little if YAMON is running little endian target remote dev ttya or whatever port is being used on the host 9 2 GDB Remote Protocol Specification The GDB remote protocol encodes requests from GDB to target in the following format lt command gt lt data gt lt CSUM1 gt lt CSUM2 gt lt command gt and lt data gt must be ASCII characters and cannot include characters or CSUM1 and CSUM2 are ASCII hex representation of an 8 bit checksum of lt command gt and lt data gt fields The most significant nibble is sent first Checksum is calculated as the modulo 255 sum of the characters representing lt command gt and lt data gt i e not including and No additional characters are allowed within a request in
11. return to YAMON Other CPU registers 0 FPU registers if available 0 CPO STATUS CPO EPC Other CPO registers FPU control registers if available Same as YAMON context except that IE bit is cleared thus disabling interrupts Entry point of application obtained from load command or as a parameter to go Identical to YAMON context Identical to YAMON context In particular note e a0 is set to the number of white space separated tokens on the command line after expanding environment variables The first token is go or gdb The address or tokens are not counted nor included in the argv array see go and gdb command syntax in Section 3 Shell Commands e al is set to the address of an array of pointers to strings containing the tokens e a2 points to an array of structures holding the environment variables see Section 8 4 Environment Variables e a3 is set to the SDRAM memory size number of bytes e ra holds the return address for returning to YAMON An application can return to YAMON by jumping to this address Alternatively the application may call the exit function supplied by YAMON see Section 8 3 Functions e sp stack pointer is set to point 4 words from the top of an area reserved for user stack stack size can be found by issuing the info memory command Available user stack can be assumed to be at least 0x 1000 bytes
12. take up to 30 seconds to complete not including the time required for reading writing data DESCRIPTION Only LBA addressing is supported Description disk id Lists disk parameters ID size for all disks available or the particular one hda hdb hdc hdd requested disk read Reads lt count gt sectors starting at lt sector gt Data is written to lt addr gt disk write Writes lt count gt sectors starting at lt sector gt Data is read from lt addr gt If a read operation is performed and lt addr gt is flash the destination area must be cleared using the erase command prior to the disk operation Unless the f option is applied caches are flushed before and after a read operation D cache writeback and invalidate I cache invalidate OPTIONS f Do not flush caches NAME dump SYNOPSIS dump m 81 161 32 lt address gt lt size gt Dumps data from address range starting at lt address gt DESCRIPTION The default data display width is 8 bits The lt size gt parameter specifies the number of bytes to dump default is 256 The continuation command works together with dump m Prompt user for keypress after each screen of data 8 Dump data in units of bytes CEHONS 16 Dump data in units of halfwords 32 Dump data in units of words NAME echo SYNOPSIS echo lt data gt The echo command echoes all of its arguments to the console DESCRIPTION This offe
13. the emulator If the system has a hardware FPU which is enabled FP operations on denormalized and out of range numbers will cause an exception If the system OPTIONS lacks an FPU or the FPU is disabled all FP operations will cause an exception emul statShow emulator statistics emul clearClear emulator statistics fsShow current status of FS fs onEnable the flush to zero bit When the FS bit is set denormalized numbers will be replaced by zero This is not IEEE compliant fs offDisable the flush to zero bit Denormalized numbers must be handled by the emulator frShow current status of FR fr onEnable the FR bit All 32 double sized FP registers are exposed fr offDisable the FR bit Only 16 double sized FP registers even numbers are exposed YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 15 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 3 Shell Commands NAME fread SYNOPSIS fread tftp lt ipaddr gt lt filename gt lt address gt Load binary image to RAM or flash depending on address from TFTP server DESCRIPTION Note that the exact limitation on the filesize in the TFTP protocol is 33553919 bytes appr 32 Mbytes Any file larger than this size cannot be transferred OPTIONS None NAME fwrite SYNOPSIS fwrite tftp lt ipaddr gt lt filename gt lt address gt lt size gt Save binary image from RAM or flash depending on address to TFTP server DESCRIPTION
14. will be set to 1 CAS latency will be set to 2 if SDRAM supports this otherwise 3 MIPS SOC it 101 system controller Mixed mode module size supported DDR not connected Parity not connected Requirement SDRAM banks 4 This section describes issues specific to the Atlas and Malta boards 7 1 1 Upgrading YAMON On the Atlas and Malta board the following sequence will program YAMON in flash memory YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 31 7 Board Specifics Copy the zip file to your work directory Unzip the file Connect parallel download cable from parallel port on your computer to the Atlas or Malta board using the procedure described in 1 and 2 Set switch S5 1 PROG Copy yamon lt rev gt fl to the parallel port This can also be done by executing go bat DOS or the Perl script go pl Linux Solaris When the parallel download has completed the display will show the text FINISHED Unset switch S5 1 Press the reset button 7 2 SEAD This section describes issues specific to the SEAD board 7 2 1 Upgrading YAMON YAMON is contained in an E PROM Update YAMON by replacing the E PROM device U23 The file required for programming the E PROM device is yamon lt rev gt bin 7 3 SEAD 2 This section describes issues specific to the SEAD 2 board 7 3 1 Upgrading YAMON YAMON is contained in flash YAMO
15. 0100097 00000FOFFBD270800BEAF21F0A0031000C4AF1400C5AF1836 13C000820AC00BF023C0808428C000020 F0400C28F000000003B00432C03006054 3F14000000001E0004080000000000BF013C000820AC08 5400BF023C0808428C000000000400C2AF0400C28F005C 69BF013C100422AC0C00040800000000211000002100A4 OCE format SRI EC 46 11 Flash Support 11 Flash Support YAMON decodes and knows about following flash areas Table 15 Flash Areas on Supported Boards Atlas Malta SEAD SEAD 2 Total flash system monitor env MB 32 System flash MB 32 31 75 System flash block size kB 256 256 System flash phys mem map OXIDERERER Ox DEB FFEE Monitor flash MB 3 875 3 875 N A Monitor flash block size kB 128 128 N A Monitor flash YAMON boot image 1MB 0x 1E00 0000 0x 1E00 0000 N A lock bit protected phys mem map Ox 1EOF FFFF 0x 1EOF FFFF Monitor flash user application 2 875 MB 0x1E10 0000 0x1E10 0000 N A phys mem map 0x1E3D FFFF Ox1E3D FFFF Environment flash kB 128 128 Environment flash block size kB 128 128 256 0x1E3E 0000 0x1E3E 0000 0x1DFC 0000 Ox 1E3F FFFF 0x1E3F FFFF Ox1DFF FFFF Environment flash phys mem map e System flash is available on some boards only It is used for general user applications e Monitor flash is available on some boards only 1 MByte is reserved for YAMON boot image and 3 875 MByte are free for user application e Environment flash
16. 05 indicating TRAP YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 43 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 9 GDB Interface Continue Format c lt address gt Same as C command except for the missing sig value which is ignored anyway Description Run from address given by lt address gt unless lt address gt is omitted in which case we resume at address stored in EPC ERROREPC Reply will be sent next time a breakpoint is encountered Reply S05 indicating TRAP Singlestep Format S lt sig gt lt address gt Singlestep with signal lt sig gt hex signal signal number Signal is ignored by YAMON Description Same as C except that YAMON will setup breakpoint s using BREAK instruction causing singlestepping to be performed Original instructions are restored by YAMON so that this operation is transparent to GDB Reply S05 indicating TRAP Singlestep Format s lt adddress gt Same as S command except for the missing sig value which is ignored anyway Description Same as c except that YAMON will setup breakpoint s using BREAK instruction causing singlestepping to be performed Original instructions are restored by YAMON so that this operation is transparent to GDB Reply S05 indicating TRAP Detach Format Description Identical to the Kill k command described below Reply OK Format Same as D comm
17. 0x00001000 0x00005000 PCI Memory space as seen from CPU PCI Memory space as seen on PCI PCI I O space as seen from CPU 0x10000000 128 MB plus 0x10000000 192 MB 0x 18200000 60 MB 0x18000000 2 MB Ox 1 d00000 1 MB 0x10000000 128 MB v1 0 or 0x 10000000 176 MB v1 1 0x1b000000 8MB PCI I O space as seen from PCI System controller System flash Monitor flash Environment flash environment variables Atlas 0x18000000 Malta 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x00000000 0x1be00000 2 MB Ox 1fe00000 256 kB 0x1bc00000 4 MB Atlas 0x1c000000 32 MB Malta N A 0x1e000000 4 MB including 128 kB for Environment flash 0x1e3e0000 128 kB FPGA interrupt controller timer LED display etc 0x 11000000 12 MB Bootcode base Ox1fc00000 4 MB Ox1fc00000 1 MB Ox1fc00000 4 MB Vector table 0x 1fc00500 Little endian YAMON image Big endian YAMON image Ox 1fc 10000 Ox 1fc78000 Table 10 Memory Map Physical Addresses SEAD SEAD 2 with Basic RTL SEAD 2 with MIPS SOC it 101 SDRAM base YAMON functions YAMON code SDRAM controller 0x1b000000 1 MB 0x00000000 Max 32 MB 0x00001000 0x00005000 0x00000000 256 MB N A YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 29 6 Memory Layout Table 10 Memory Map Phy
18. 15 48 13 Board type revision 0x02 Malta 0x00 Core board type revision 0x07 CoreFPGA 2 0x00 System controller revision MIPS SOC it 101 OCP 1 2 SDR FW 1 1 FPGA revision 0x0001 MAC address 00 d0 a0 00 03 2f Board S N 0000000567 PCI bus frequency 25 MHz Processor Company ID options 0x01 MIPS Technologies Inc 0x00 Processor ID revision 0x93 MIPS 24Kc 0x00 Endianness Little YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 6 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 2 General Issues CPU Bus frequency 32 MHz 32 MHz Flash memory size 4 MByte SDRAM size 64 MByte First free SDRAM address 0x800b3870 The shell implements command line history and editing Previous commands may be recalled by typing Ctrl p or arrow up The shell accepts the control codes shown in Table 2 VT 100 control sequences are used for the arrows ESC A ESC B ESC C ESC D Table 2 Command Line Recall editing Commands Name Description Ctrl p arrow up Recall previous command in command stack do not perform it Ctrl n arrow down Recall next command in command stack do not perform it Ctrl a Move to first character Ctrl e Move to last character Ctrl b arrow left Move one character left Ctrl f arrow right Move one character right Ctrl d Delete character at cursor position Ctrl h DEL Delete character to the left of cursor position C
19. 2 elf ob3jdump endif ifeq TOOLCHAIN sde EC sde gcc LD sde ld OBJCOPY sde objcopy OBJDUMP sde objdump endif Please replace this according to your setup By typing make the following files are generated YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 36 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 8 Application Interface appl rec appl elf appl bin appl map appl dis appl rec is the s record file to be used for loading the application using the load command appl elf holds the image in ELF format appl bin holds the image in binary format appl map is a linker generated map file for the application appl dis is the disassembled code YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 37 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 9 GDB Interface 9 GDB Interface YAMON may function as a GDB STUB supporting a subset of the GDB Remote Protocol interface as defined by GDB version 4 18 YAMON supports the 64 bit extensions defined by Algorithmics for the SDE GDB debugger GDB may be downloaded from the Free Software Foundation web site at http www fsf org GDB must be configured using the target mips option 9 1 Connecting to GDB YAMON enters GDB STUB mode after issuing the gdb command This means that YAMON starts polling for requests from GDB on port ttyl When YAMON is waiting for GDB requests GDB STUB
20. AMON YAMON also manages shadow register sets see Section 8 2 Shadowsets 8 4 Functions YAMON provides a set of functions callable by applications Pointers to these functions are located in a table located at physical address 0x1fc00500 Functions must be called via KSEGO addresses Functions are called using the standard MIPS calling convention where the first arguments are passed in registers a0 a3 There are no requirements for stack space since the YAMON stack is used during the function call The function table has the following layout Table 13 YAMON Function Vector Table Base Address 0x1fc00500 Offset Function 0x0 Reserved 0x4 print_count 0x8 Reserved Oxc Reserved 0x10 Reserved 0x14 Reserved 0x18 Reserved YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 34 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 8 Application Interface Table 13 YAMON Function Vector Table Base Address 0x1fc00500 Continued Offset Function Oxlc 0x20 0x24 0x28 Reserved exit Reserved Reserved 0x2c flush_cache 0x30 Reserved 0x34 0x38 0x3c 0x40 print register_cpu_isr deregister_cpu_isr register_ic_isr 0x44 deregister_ic_isr 0x48 register_esr Oxdc 0x50 0x54 deregister_esr syscon_read Descriptions of the functions and macros for access to the functions are available in the header fil
21. AMON does not normally flush the caches behind the back of the user so if the user issues an edit command to uncached memory and a memory location within the same cache line has previously been accessed cached it is the responsibility of the user to make sure the D cache has been flushed by issuing the flush d command The following commands are the only commands where YAMON takes care of flushing the caches e load e gdb copy e disk e scpu cache In case YAMON has been configured to run uncached using the cache command cache flushing will be disabled so in this case TLB mapped cached applications should not be loaded YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 28 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 6 Memory Layout 6 Memory Layout The memory map for YAMON is shown in the following tables see also 1 2 and 3 Vector table is the table described in Section 8 3 Functions It is a table with addresses of functions that YAMON provide to applications for printing data to the terminal cache flush exiting application etc The actual functions are located at the base address named YAMON functions in the tables below Table 9 Memory Map Physical Addresses Atlas Malta with Galileo Malta with Bonito64 System Controller System Controller 101 Malta with MIPS SOC it SDRAM base YAMON functions YAMON code 0x00000000 Max 256MB
22. CI auto configuration E P_UNKN Unknown PCI device on board should never happen E STRUCT Structural error in YAMON code detected should never happen E UNKNWN Unknown error code should never happen YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 51 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 12 Diagnostics and Error Messages Appendices YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 52 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved A References A References 1 Atlas tm User s Manual MD00005 2 Malta tm User s Manual MD00048 3 SEAD Basic RTL User s Manual MD00017 4 SEAD 2 tm Basic Package Getting Started MD00062 5 YAMON tm Reference Manual MD00009 YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 53 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved B Revision History B Revision History In the left hand page margins of this document you may find vertical change bars to note the location of significant changes to this document since its last release Significant changes are defined as those which you should take note of as you use the MIPS IP Changes to correct grammar spelling errors or similar may or may not be noted with change bars Change bars will be removed for changes which are more than one revision old Please note Limitations on the authoring tools make it difficult to place change bars on changes to figures Change bars on
23. Info displayed after reset board Board properties cpu CPU properties DESCRIPTION sysctrl System Controller Basic RTL properties memory Memory properties uart Serial ports statistics all All info pci Atlas Malta only PCI autodiscovery autoconfiguration ide Malta only IDE configuration isa Malta only ISA bus configuration lan Atlas Malta only Ethernet statistics OPTIONS None NAME load load r tftp lt ipaddr gt lt filename gt SYNOPSIS asc ttyOltty1 Load image from serial port or Ethernet to RAM or flash depending on address The only image type currently supported is SREC On platforms supporting both Ethernet and serial port the default protocol is taken from the environment variable bootprot On platforms without Ethernet the only and default protocol is asc If loading from serial port the default port is taken from the environment variable bootserport If loading from Ethernet the IP address of the TFTP server and the filename may be specified DESCRIPTION If an IP address is not specified it is taken from the environment variable bootserver If a filename is not specified it is taken from the environment variable bootfile Note that the exact limitation on the filesize in the TFTP protocol is 33553919 bytes appr 32 Mbytes Any file larger than this size cannot be transferred For the currently supported formats the execution entrypoint of the image is embedded
24. Mis TECHNOLOGIES YAMON User s Manual Document Number MD00008 Revision 02 06 March 23 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc 1225 Charleston Road Mountain View CA 94043 1353 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved Unpublished rights if any reserved under the copyright laws of the United States of America and other countries This document contains information that is proprietary to MIPS Technologies Inc MIPS Technologies Any copying reproducing modifying or use of this information in whole or in part that is not expressly permitted in writing by MIPS Technologies or an authorized third party is strictly prohibited At a minimum this information is protected under unfair competition and copyright laws Violations thereof may result in criminal penalties and fines Any document provided in source format i e in a modifiable form such as in FrameMaker or Microsoft Word format is subject to use and distribution restrictions that are independent of and supplemental to any and all confidentiality restrictions UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES MAY A DOCUMENT PROVIDED IN SOURCE FORMAT BE DISTRIBUTED TO A THIRD PARTY IN SOURCE FORMAT WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN PERMISSION OF MIPS TECHNOLOGIES INC MIPS Technologies reserves the right to change the information contained in this document to improve function design or otherwise MIPS Technologies do
25. N is updated using the USB port as described in 4 The file required for programming the flash is yamon lt rev gt fl contained in the zip file YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 32 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 8 Application Interface 8 Application Interface YAMON may be used to load and execute user applications The details of this are described in this section 8 1 Entry Applications may be loaded by YAMON using the load command and executed using the go command or under GDB control using the gdb command The application calling convention uses the standard argc argv approach The go command will setup the registers as described in Table 12 before jumping to the requested address obtained from the previous load or as a parameter to go Table 12 Initial Application Context Field Value 4 a0 Set to the argument count Pointer to array of strings holding the arguments 5 al argv 0 go in case application is started by go command argv 0 gdb in case application is started by gdb command 6 a2 Pointer to table holding environment variables 7 a3 Size of memory in bytes 29 sp 4 words below top of memory range reserved for user stack size defined by symbol P SYS_APPL_STACK_SIZE defined in include sys_api h 31 ra Return address Application may jump to this address in order to exit and
26. ON CPO EPC ignored by YAMON CPO PRID Reply YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 40 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 9 GDB Interface Write 64 bit registers Format H lt data gt data consists of 90 16 hex digits Write 64 bit registers Each register is represented by 8 bytes of register data each encoded as two hex digits In total 90 registers are written The register sequence is the following 0 31 CPO STATUS Special register LO Special register HI CPO BADVADDR CPO CAUSE CPO EPC fp0 fp31 ignored by YAMON CP1 FSR ignored by YAMON CP1 FIR ignored by YAMON Description Frame pointer ignored by YAMON Dummy register ignored by YAMON CPO INDEX CPO RANDOM CPO ENTRYLOO CPO ENTRYLO1 CPO CONTEXT CPO PAGEMASK CPO WIRED CPO register 7 ignored by YAMON CPO BADVADDR ignored by YAMON CPO COUNT CPO ENTRYHI CPO COMPARE CPO STATUS ignored by YAMON CPO CAUSE ignored by YAMON CPO EPC ignored by YAMON CPO PRID Reply Set Thread Format Hg He Description Ignored by YAMON Reply YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 41 9 GDB Interface Format Read registers gts Description Reply Format Read registers S default 4 is the number of bytes for a register 4 in case of 32 bit registers 8 in
27. ON detects if any block lock bits are set and reports an error if the erase or programming operation fails like Error Some sectors are locked Diag Flash status bc000000 00920092 Hint Unlock sector s before programming Note To clear any block lock bit s in the Atlas and Malta environment or monitor flash areas the MFWR jumper Atlas JP8 Malta JP 1 must be fitted Any attempt to clear the lock bit s without having the MFWR jumper fitted will result in an error report like Error Environment FLASH is lock bit protected Diag Flash status be3e0000 00a200a2 Hint Disable clear lock bit protection MFWR Jjumper must be fitted or Error Some MONITOR FLASH sector s locked Diag Flash status 0xbe000000 0x00a200a2 The monitor flash area on Atlas and Malta is generally made available to the YAMON user except the lock bit protected sectors which keep the YAMON code YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 48 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 12 Diagnostics and Error Messages 12 Diagnostics and Error Messages The following diagnostics messages are written to the ASCII LED display during startup in sequence order Not all messages apply to all boards due to hardware dependencies You will usually not be able to see most of these messages unless something goes wrong during boot Table 16 ASCII LED Display Diagnostic Messages
28. YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 33 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 8 Application Interface e gp global pointer is not setup so applications should setup gp if using gp relative addressing e Interrupts are disabled CPO STATUS register IE bit is cleared YAMON will disable hardware devices performing DMA before starting an application 8 2 Shadowsets For MIPS32 MIPS64 Release 2 CPUs supporting register shadowsets shadowset 0 is used by YAMON When the application is started the Current shadowset will be 0 The application is allowed to change shadowsets YAMON will change the current set back to 0 when the application exits If a user application causes an exception YAMON will dump the contents of the shadowset that was in use when the exception was taken 8 3 Exit Since YAMON resides in RAM it is possible for an application to corrupt YAMON The following requirements must be met in order to return to YAMON e YAMON must not be overwritten YAMON resides in RAM starting at address 0 The first free RAM address is displayed by the sign on message also available by issuing command info e Hardware configuration must not be altered State of hardware devices is not stored restored by YAMON However the state of CPO CP1 control registers and the register banks registers 0 531 and the FPU general purpose registers are stored restored by the context shift mechanism used by Y
29. ables so that they survive a reset If you are not sure what the current serial port settings are you may restore the above factory default settings by the mechanisms described in Section 4 Environment Variables and Section 7 Board Specifics A standard NULL modem cable with the wiring shown below should be used to connect the board to your terminal or PC RIS RTS CTS CTS LOS RX RX GND GND Figure 1 NULL Modem Cable By default hardware flowcontrol is enabled RTS CTS This means that an empty console port connector will make YAMON hang in an attempt to write its welcome message Sometimes however YAMON is needed only to boot an application copy from flash and start without being connected to a terminal In that case while still connected to YAMON issue the command stty p none This will override the default console port setting after reset power up so that hardware flowcontrol will be disabled 2 2 Shell After a reset the YAMON shell starts by displaying the following sign on message and then starts prompting the user for commands The example shows YAMON running on a Malta board with a MIPS 24Kc processor The sign on message slightly differs for other boards CPUs Also the software compilation date time may differ YAMON ROM Monitor Revision 02 06 Copyright c 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All Rights Reserved For a list of available commands type help Compilation time Mar 24 2004
30. an be located anywhere in the address space The copy command knows the address areas for the flash memories in the system and is able to program them DESCRIPTION If the destination is flash the destination area must be cleared using the erase command prior to the copy operation Note that the copy command prevents the user from overwriting the environment flash area Unless the f option is applied caches are flushed before and after the copy operations D cache writeback and invalidate I cache invalidate OPTIONS f Do not flush caches NAME cp0 SYNOPSIS cp0 lt name gt lt 0 7 gt 321 64 lt regnum gt lt value gt Read write CPO register s If no arguments are applied all CPO registers are read A register may be selected by name case insensitive or number and possibly select value using 0 1 2 7 option Select 0 is default If a value is given this value is written to the register otherwise the register is read Writing a CPO register takes effect immediately and should be done with care since it may crash YAMON DESCRIPTION Some of the CPO registers are optional and not available for all CPUs Settings of CPO registers are also applied to user applications started with go or gdb except for STATUS for which the IE field is cleared TLB related registers as well as COUNT and COMPARE are undefined when user application is first started See Section 8 3 Functions for description of con
31. and Description Will cause YAMON to finish gdb command and return to the YAMON prompt Reply OK YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 44 10 Motorola S records 10 Motorola S records The load command supports loading Motorola S records An S record file is an ASCII file consisting of eight different record types SO S 1 S2 S3 S5 S7 S8 S9 The format of a record is lt type gt lt length gt lt address gt lt data gt lt checksum gt lt type gt identifies the record type It consists of the characters SO S1 S2 S3 S5 S7 S8 or S9 SO records are used for descriptive information identifying the following block of S records SO records are ignored by YAMON S1 S2 S3 records hold data instructions to be stored in memory S1 are used for 2 byte addresses S2 are used for 3 byte addresses and S3 are used for 4 byte addresses S5 records contain the number of S1 S2 and S3 records transmitted in a block S5 records are ignored by YAMON S7 S8 S9 records hold the start address of the application S9 are used for 2 byte addresses S8 are used for 3 byte addresses and S7 are used for 4 byte addresses lt length gt is the number of bytes each byte consisting of two ASCII characters holding the hexa
32. at R lt NN gt S XX if not running extended protocol If running extended protocol set by the command this command will cause application context to be reinitialised Description If not running extended protocol the R command is identical to the P command see below Reply OK Write Single Register Format P lt NN gt S XX Set register NN to the value XX Descrinti NN corresponds to the register number as listed above for the g command As such NN escription must be less than 90 Width depends on S default 4 S is 4 in case of 32 bit register and 8 in case of 64 bit register Reply Read memory Format m lt address gt lt length gt Read memory bytes Description lt address gt is address lt length gt is the byte count Each byte in the reply is described by two hex digits Reply lt data gt Write memory Format M lt address gt lt length gt lt data gt Write memory bytes Description lt address gt is address lt length gt is the byte count lt data gt are the bytes to be written Each byte is described by two hex digits Reply OK Continue Format C lt sig gt lt address gt Continue with signal lt sig gt hex signal number Signal is ignored by YAMON D co Run from address given by lt address gt unless lt address gt is omitted in which case we P resume at address stored in EPC ERROREPC Reply will be sent next time a breakpoint is encountered Reply S
33. ault settings may be restored by a board specific mechanism see Section 7 Board Specifics Note however that this will reset all YAMON created environment variables serial port settings cpu configuration and LAN related variables like IP address default TFTP bootserver etc On all boards factory default settings may also be restored by using the unsetenv s command User created environment variables may be deleted by using the unsetenv u command Should the environment flash area for some reason become corrupted the entire area may be erased using the erase e command User created environment variables will be lost and environment variables created by YAMON will be reset to factory default settings 4 1 Ethernet Support Ethernet is supported on Atlas and Malta boards The IP address for the board must be assigned by the local network administrator only Using an unapproved IP address may lead to duplicated IP address network error events which can disrupt network operation At boot YAMON issues a warning message if either the ipaddr or subnetmask have not been set 1 e are set to the factory default setting 0 0 0 0 YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 25 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 4 Environment Variables When downloading S records it is checked that the ipaddr and subnetmask are set and further it is checked that the board and t
34. be erased before downloading Caches are flushed before and after downloading YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 47 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 11 Flash Support e fread When transferring data to flash this command will program the flash with the data Address may be on any byte boundary The destination area must be erased before performing the operation e setenv amp unsetenv Any environment variable update is saved in the environment flash Normally the user should never touch the environment flash area unless a re initialization is requested with the erase e command e stty and scpu These are special cases of the setenv command as attributes may be written to the environment flash as regular environment variables All flash programming commands will check read and verify all bytes being programmed to detect flash failure or un erased flash memory areas Note The Atlas system flash may be write protected with the DIP switch S1 3 and any YAMON flash command attempt to erase or program the system flash when write protect is asserted implies an error report like Error Flash is write protected Hint Disable write protection Switch S1 3 Flash memory addresses may be specified as KSEGO or KSEG1 uncached in any YAMON flash related command Flash lock bits are except for the erase command not handled by YAMON However YAM
35. c lt rev gt tar gz e yamon bin lt rev gt zip e yamon sampleappl src lt rev gt tar gz lt rev gt 1s replaced with the specific revision number e g 02 06 yamon src lt rev gt tar gz contains the YAMON source file tree yamon bin lt rev gt zip contains the binary distribution see Table 4 yamon sampleappl src lt rev gt tar gz contains source code for a sample Hello world application that uses the YAMON application interface see Section 8 Application Interface The revision number lt rev gt for the sample application is not correlated to the revision number of YAMON itself The sample application includes a README file describing the application It is also described in Section 8 5 Sample Application Table 4 YAMON Distribution Zip File Contents Name Description RELEASE ASCII text file containing release notes yamon lt rev gt fl go bat go pl YAMON image in format required for parallel download DOS batch file used for copying yamon lt rev gt fl file to parallel port Ipt1 Perl script used for copying yamon lt rev gt fl file to parallel port on computers running Linux or Solaris yamon lt rev gt bin reset lt rev gt dis yamon lt rev gt _el dis yamon lt rev gt _eb dis YAMON image in binary format Used for programming an E PROM device Disassembly of the code located at the reset exception vector Oxbfc00000 Disassembly of the little endian code Disassemb
36. cluding space TAB CR LF However all characters are ignored between requests until a is received The command field is case sensitive for example g and G are two different commands The data and checksum fields are case insensitive 669 YAMON immediately responds with either a or a character in case command was received successfully and if checksum characters were missing or the checksum indicated an error YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 38 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 9 GDB Interface When YAMON is done performing the requested command YAMON will transmit the following data to the GDB host CSUM1 CSUM2 in lower case lt data gt lt CSUM1 gt lt CSUM2 gt lt data gt depends on the specific command No additional characters are transmitted including CR LF Two error messages are used E01 Illegal format E02 Illegal address E01 is used for commands with illegal formats while E02 is used if GDB requests access to an illegal address Addresses register values are represented in hexadecimal format with the most significant byte first i e big endian Values may consist of 1 to 8 hex digits in case of 32 bit commands and 1 to 16 hex digits in case of 64 bit commands No leading format identifiers are allowed i e no 0x Example GDB may request to read 4 bytes starting from location 0xa0200000 by issu
37. d Factory hardwired 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N A Immediately Immediately Immediately bootprot Default boot protocol used by load command tftp asc tftp R W Immediately bootserver Default TFTP fileserver This is the ip address used for the TFTP fileserver if user does not specify otherwise in the load command ddd ddd ddd ddd 0 0 0 0 Immediately bootfile Default TFTP file This is the name of the file loaded if user does not specify otherwise in the load command String Empty string Immediately Name Table 7 Board Serial Number Default Takes effect baseboardserial Serial number of board DDDDDDDDDD Factory hardwired RO N A YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 24 4 Environment Variables Table 8 CPU Configuration Name Description Format Default Access Takes effect lt icache bytes per way gt CPU configuration in case lt icache associativity gt Empty string cpuconfig I cache D cache MMU lt dcache bytes per way gt gt Hardware See below are configurable lt dcache associativity gt default settings tlb fixed lt icache bytes per way gt lt icache associativity gt gt Hardware R W See below lt dcache bytes per way gt CPU configuration in case cpucon
38. decimal value included in the lt address gt lt data gt and lt checksum gt fields lt address gt field holds the address where lt data gt is to be stored in case of S1 S2 and S3 records or the starting address of the code in case of S7 S8 or S9 records lt address gt is encoded using 2 3 or 4 bytes i e 4 6 or 8 ASCII characters depending on the address width 2 in case of S1 or S9 3 in case of S2 or S8 4 in case of S3 or S7 lt data gt is the actual data to be stored in case of S1 S2 and S3 records or the information held in an SO record lt checksum gt contains a one byte 2 ASCII characters checksum calculated as the one s complement of the sum of all the bytes from the lt length gt field through the end of the lt data gt field Between the lt checksum gt field and the record termination character see next paragraph space or tab characters are accepted Each record can be terminated with either a carriage return or a line feed Note In case of invalid S record detection the reported line number of the invalid record is calculated as follows e If no line feeds have been detected during load lines are counted as the number of carriage returns being parsed starting with line number 1 e When the first line feed is detected the line number is set to 1 and the following lines are counted as the number of li
39. e lt value gt off on wb wt wtall Configure KSEGO cache algorithm by setting KO field of CPU CONFIG register Second level cache may be enabled disabled as well if CPU supports this If no parameter is supplied the current cache setting is displayed The command will cause caches to be flushed KO settings are CPU specific The mappings are shown below a specific value may be given DESCRIPTION instead of these symbols off 2 Uncached on 3 Write back write allocate wb 3 Write back write allocate wt 0 Write through no write allocate wtall 1 Write through write allocate OPTIONS None NAME cksum SYNOPSIS cksum lt address gt lt size gt Computes 32 bit CRC for the specified memory area The CRC algorithm and polynomial is DESC METION the same which is being used by the Unix cksum command OPTIONS None NAME compare SYNOPSIS compare lt address1 gt lt address2 gt lt size gt Compares the two specified memory areas If a difference is encountered during the compare DESCRIPTION the address of the first mis match will be reported OPTIONS None YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 10 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 3 Shell Commands NAME copy SYNOPSIS copy f lt src gt lt dst gt lt size gt The number of bytes specified by lt size gt are copied from lt src gt to lt dst gt Both the source and destination c
40. e yamon_api h contained in the binary distribution as well as the include directory of YAMON in the source distribution The syscon_read function is used for access to various YAMON objects Object IDs are defined in the header file syscon_api h in the YAMON source distribution Note that MIPS32 MIPS64 Release 2 CPUs support disabling the CPO COUNT register If an application disables the counter it is not allowed to access the following objects through the syscon_read function SYSCON_BOARD_GET_MTLLISEC_ID SYSCON_FILE_BATCH_ACCESS_ID An application may return to YAMON by either jumping to the address stored in register ra KSEGO when application was invoked or by calling exit In the first case the contents of register vO will be displayed by the shell In the second case the parameter rc passed to exit in register a0 will be displayed by the shell 8 5 Environment Variables As mentioned above register a2 points to an array of structures holding the environment variables The structures have the following layout typedef struct char name char val YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 35 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 8 Application Interface t_yamon_env_var name points to a zero terminated array of characters containing the name of the environment variable val points to a zero terminated array of characters containing the value of
41. enabled 0x00000000 0x00200000 Yes 0x00001000 0x00300000 No tlb 2 4kB 0 y ff 200000 3 y y 300000 3 ny i Initialize TLB OPTIONS S Toggle small 1kB page support on CPUs supporting this YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 21 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 3 Shell Commands SYNOPSIS unsetenv lt variable gt ul s Unset specified environment variable If a user created variable is specified it will be removed from the environment A system variable will not be removed but will instead be set to the default value DESCRIPTION By using the options below all user and or system variables can be unset using a single command u Delete all user variables OPTIONS s Reset all read write R W system variables to default values YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 22 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 4 Environment Variables 4 Environment Variables YAMON has support for environment variables stored in non volatile memory flash YAMON creates a number of environment variables and the user may create his own using the setenv command The shell parser expands environment variables For example the command load file will expand to load test rec in case the user has created an environment variable file using the command setenv file test rec Environment variables also provide a means to pas
42. ent variable r Reset configuration to hardware reset value p Commit configuration to environment variable Other options are CPU specific Type help scpu at prompt to view options search SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION OPTIONS NAME search ascl hex lt address gt lt size gt lt string gt Search for string in the memory area specified by lt address gt and lt size gt Default string type is ASCII If the search string contains spaces remember to use quotes around the string If searching for a hex string the search pattern must be entered as a number of two digit hexcodes without spaces inbetween Search for ASCII string Search for hex string asc hex setenv SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION OPTIONS setenv lt variable gt lt value gt Set the specified environment variable If no variable is specified all environment variables are displayed If no value is specified the variable is set to the NULL value When setting a R W system variable the value is first validated None YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 19 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 3 Shell Commands NAME SYNOPSIS sleep sleep lt ms gt DESCRIPTION Halt shell for the specified number of milliseconds Note that the default number format is hexadecimal OPTIONS NAME None stty SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION stty ttyOl tt
43. eo GT64120 North Bridge detected BONITO64 Bonito64 North Bridge detected SOCit101 MIPS SOC it 101 North Bridge detected PCI WAIT Pause for a while to allow target devices on PCI backplane to boot HC Initializing YAMON IIC driver EEPROM Initializing YAMON eeprom driver FLASH Initializing YAMON flash driver SYSENV Initializing YAMON module SYSENV ENV Initializing YAMON module ENV SERIAL Initializing YAMON Serial drivers SAA_LAN Initializing SAA9730 Lan driver AMD_LAN Initializing AMD Lan driver NET Initializing YAMON module NET IDE Initializing YAMON module IDE OPTIMIZE Optimizing North Bridge settings Updating CPU configuration based on environment variable CPU_U cpuconfig Only done on some boards see Section 7 Board Specifics and only done if CPU is configurable INITDONE Initialisation done Interupts are enabled at this point YAMON shell executing This message may be selected using the prompt environment variable which by default has the value YAMON When prompt is equal to its default value the display lt prompt gt lt version gt 3 A se prompt gt will also show YAMON s major minor revision numbers Example YAMON203 The following error messages are written to the ASCII LED display in case of errors The messages starting with E are used during startup Table 17 ASCII LED Di
44. es not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of this information or of any error or omission in such information Any warranties whether express statutory implied or otherwise including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose are excluded Except as expressly provided in any written license agreement from MIPS Technologies or an authorized third party the furnishing of this document does not give recipient any license to any intellectual property rights including any patent rights that cover the information in this document The information contained in this document shall not be exported reexported transferred or released directly or indirectly in violation of the law of any country or international law regulation treaty Executive Order statute amendments or supplements thereto Should a conflict arise regarding the export reexport transfer or release of the information contained in this document the laws of the United States of America shall be the governing law The information contained in this document constitutes one or more of the following commercial computer software commercial computer software documentation or other commercial items If the user of this information or any related documentation of any kind including related technical data or manuals is an agency department or other entity of the United States government Government the use
45. fig I cache and D cache are Empty string configurable lt dcache associativity gt default settings cpuconfi CPU configuration in case tlb fixed e R W See below P 8 MMU is configurable E default settings Modifying the environment variables modetty0 or modetty1 will not modify the serial port settings until an stty u command is issued On the other hand the stty command will immediately take effect but in order to store the new settings in the corresponding environment variable an stty p command must be issued On some boards the tty settings specified by the environment variables will be applied after a reset On other boards fixed settings will be used after a reset see Section 7 Board Specifics Modifying the environment variable cpuconfig will not modify the CPU configuration until an scpu u command is issued On the other hand the scpu command will immediately take effect but in order to store the new settings in the environment variable an scpu p command must be issued On some boards the CPU configuration specified by the environment variable will be applied after a reset On other boards hardware default settings will be used after a reset see Section 7 Board Specifics The user may create his own environment variables using the setenv command These variables may be both modified and deleted On some boards factory def
46. figure titles are used to denote a potential change in the figure itself Revision Date Description 01 00 99 12 15 Initial revision for YAMON 01 00 01 01 99 02 08 Updated for YAMON 01 01 01 02 00 03 22 Updated copyright notice 02 00 00 09 11 Updated for YAMON 02 00 02 01 01 01 24 Document layout modified 02 02 01 07 27 Updated for YAMON 02 02 02 03 02 09 17 Updated for YAMON 02 03 02 04 02 11 21 Updated for YAMON 02 04 02 05 03 12 10 Updated for YAMON 02 05 02 06 04 03 24 Updated for YAMON 02 06 YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 54 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved
47. go dump etc PCI auto detection and auto configuration PCI not available on all boards Ethernet IDE and serial port support Ethernet and IDE not available on all boards Configuration of CPU for CPUs supporting this FPU emulation YAMON supports the following interfaces e Command line interface through serial port Debug interface through dedicated debug serial port Interface conforms to GNU GDB Standard Remote Protocol with extensions for SDE GDB from MIPS Technologies Vector table based call interface for use by applications PMON compatible Ethernet for TFTP load save and ping support Ethernet not available on all boards IDE for reading and writing sectors on harddisk compact flash IDE not available on all boards YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 5 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 2 General Issues 2 General Issues This section describes how to connect your terminal to YAMON how to use the shell and how to load your board with a new revision of YAMON 2 1 Connecting to YAMON YAMON supports 2 serial ports named tty0 and tty1 YAMON uses tty0 as the console port Section 7 Board Specifics specifies the port mapping for specific boards By default the serial port settings are 38400 baud 8 databits no parity 1 stopbit hardware flowcontrol RTS CTS Some boards e g Malta allow this default to be changed and stored in environment vari
48. he TFTP server are on the same subnet If they are not gateway must be set to the default gateway A ping server is active responds to ICMP ECHO requests whenever ipaddr has been set On the Atlas board the Ethernet driver is polled rather than interrupt driven This means that the ping server will not respond while commands are being executed For example potentially time consuming commands like cksum and erase may cause YAMON not to respond for a long period YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 26 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 5 Special Issues 5 Special Issues 5 1 Address Validation YAMON commands that require an address e g port edit dump etc will validate the address This includes the following Alignment In case of TLB mapped address space the TLB setup is verified This includes test for TLB miss as well as write protection of page In case of RAM address space it is verified that RAM is available for the access For example if the platform supports 256 MB RAM and a 64 MB RAM module is used accesses above 64 MB and below 256 MB range will cause an error message Some commands perform validation of flash ranges see Section 11 Flash Support 5 2 Exception Handling If an unexpected exception occurs while executing a user application the application is terminated the user context CPU registers 0 31 and selected CPO register
49. in the image This address is saved such that the go command can use it as the default entrypoint During the load operation the current load address will be shown on the 8 position hex display if present Note that the load command prevents the user from overwriting the environment flash area OPTIONS r Retry on ARP timeout until load succeeds or Ctrl c is typed YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 17 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 3 Shell Commands NAME off Atlas SEAD only SYNOPSIS off DESCRIPTION Turn off board OPTIONS None NAME pcicfg Atlas Malta only pcicfg 81 161 32 r lt bus gt lt dev gt lt func gt lt addr gt lt range gt SYNOPSIS w lt bus gt lt dev gt lt func gt lt addr gt lt val gt Read a value range or write a value to PCI configuration space All arguments are hexadecimal DESCRIPTION _ Range parameter indicates the number of bytes to read Default action is read Default width is 32 bit r Read PCI configuration space W Write to PCI configuration space OPTIONS 8 See data in units of bytes 16 See data in units of halfwords 32 See data in units of words NAME ping Atlas Malta only SYNOPSIS ping ipaddr lt datagramsize gt ping send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network host This command is typically used to verify end to end network functionality amp connectivity in a debug or bring u
50. ing O to be BRKRES register address Oxbf000508 Table 11 Board Specific Properties Atlas Malta SEAD SEAD 2 ttyO position ttyl position Top Atlas Left Malta Bottom Atlas Right Malta Top Bottom Serial port settings following a reset CPU configuration following a reset Taken from environment variables modetty0 and modetty1 Taken from environment variable cpuconfig if the CPU is configurable Always 38400 n 8 1 hw CPU hardware default value Break effect on tty0 Triggers hardware reset Atlas 10 Mbps half duplex Same as Ctrl C Ethernet support Malta 10 100 Mbps half full duplex N A Switch used to reset environment variables to S5 4 followed by reset N A factory default settings SDRAM modules supported PC100 16MB 512MB 32MB 512MB Depends on System Controller Max SDRAM utilized 256 MB Required SDRAM parameters 7 1 Atlas Malta Gallileo Bonito64 system controller No mixed mode module configuration Must support Burst length 8 and CAS latency 2 MIPS SOC it 101 system controller Mixed mode module size supported DDR supported Parity supported Requirement SDRAM banks 4 Basic RTL 32 MB MIPS SOC it 101 256 MB Basic RTL Mixed mode module configurations not allowed SDRAM banks DIMM banks 2 2 or 4 any rows columns 11 min 9 or 12 min 8 Burst length
51. ing the following command ma0200000 4 80 YAMON will reply with the following sequence assuming data read 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 01020304 8a 9 3 GDB Remote Protocol Requests The following requests are supported Format does not include CSUM fields and the replies assume that no errors occured Error messages are described in the previous section Extended operations Format ticky only needs to be set once Reply Last signal Format Description Reply YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 39 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 9 GDB Interface Write 32 bit registers Format G lt data gt data consists of 90 8 hex digits Write 32 bit registers Each register is represented by 4 bytes of register data each encoded as two hex digits In total 90 registers are written The register sequence is the following 0 31 CPO STATUS Special register LO Special register HI CPO BADVADDR CPO CAUSE CPO EPC fp0 fp31 ignored by YAMON CP1 FSR ignored by YAMON CP1 FIR ignored by YAMON Description Frame pointer ignored by YAMON Dummy register ignored by YAMON CPO INDEX CPO RANDOM CPO ENTRYLOO CPO ENTRYLO1 CPO CONTEXT CPO PAGEMASK CPO WIRED CPO register 7 ignored by YAMON CPO BADVADDR ignored by YAMON CPO COUNT CPO ENTRYHI CPO COMPARE CPO STATUS ignored by YAMON CPO CAUSE ignored by YAM
52. is reserved for saving YAMON environment variables Note The physical address space 0x 1FC0 0000 0x 1 FFF FFFF MIPS boot area is not decoded by any of the flash related commands 1 e no flash programming will occur if data is written to these addresses The environment flash area is decoded by use of the YAMON flash related commands but any modification copy erase load disk fread will be rejected by YAMON and an error message will be returned Following YAMON commands operate on flash devices e copy When the destination address is decoded as a flash memory space this command will program the flash with the source contents Address and size may be on any byte boundary The destination area must be erased before copying Caches are flushed before and after copying e disk When reading from IDE to flash this command will program the flash with the source harddisk compact flash contents Address may be on any byte boundary The destination area must be erased before performing the operation Caches are flushed before and after the disk operation e erase Flash memory is erased block wise This command calculates the closest possible address range of the decoded flash to be erased and prompts the user to confirm Any lock bits set in the specified address area will be cleared if possible e load Downloading S records may include flash programming if the S record is bound to a flash memory area This area must
53. ly of the big endian code reset lt rev gt map Linker generated map file for the code located at the reset exception vector yamon lt rev gt _el map Linker generated map file for the little endian code yamon lt rev gt _eb map yamon_api h Linker generated map file for the big endian code Header file defining the application interface to YAMON see Section 8 Application Interface See Section 7 Board Specifics for board specific instructions on how to upgrade YAMON YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 9 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 3 Shell Commands 3 Shell Commands The following shell commands are available sorted in alphabetical order Not all commands are available for all boards CPUs due to hardware dependencies The command help will display a list of the commands help lt command gt will display help on a specific command NAME SYNOPSIS continuation repeat command This command is a continuation command for dis dump and eeprom commands so that DESCRIPTION More data can be dumped without the user having to repeat the previous command with a new address If the previous command was anything else than dis dump or eeprom this command acts like a simple repeat command OPTIONS None NAME cache synopsis and description are shown for a 5Kc SYNOPSIS cach
54. nd string Empty string After reset unless cancelled startdelay memsize Number of seconds YAMON will wait for the user to press Ctrl C to cancel execution of the start command If set to O the start command will not be executed Size of RAM in bytes string OxXXXXXXXX Empty string RAM size detected After reset N A modetty0 modetty 1 Serial port settings YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 lt baudrate gt lt parity gt lt databits gt lt stopbits gt lt flowcontrol gt 38400 n 8 1 hw Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved See below 23 4 Environment Variables Table 5 Common Environment Variables Name Description Format Default Access Takes effect This is the default bootserport serial port used by the ttyOltty1 immediately load command String used for shell rompt Y prompt he TER din string immediately LED display onloff fs onloff fpu Control FPU and or fr onloff Not set After reset FPU emulator emul onloffistaticlear yamonrev YAMON revision lt major gt lt minor gt 02 06 N A Name Table 6 Environment Variables for Platforms Supporting Ethernet Format Default Takes effect ethaddr ipaddr subnetmask gateway MAC address XX XX XX XX XX XX IP address Default gateway ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd ddd dd
55. ne feeds being parsed Empty lines with space or tab characters terminated with carriage return or line feed are accepted All valid letter characters are not case sensitive and mixed case records are accepted One record of either type S7 S8 or S9 terminates the file and is mandatory Any S record must not contain more than 200 characters including white space tab and termination characters YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 45 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 10 Motorola S records To summarize the YAMON S record loader support following table is applicable Table 14 Motorola S record Types Description informational 2 byte address 3 byte address 4 byte address block count 4 byte start address 3 byte start address 2 byte start address The following paragraph displays an example of a valid S record file S00 S31A801 S31A80100 S31A80100 S31A80100 S31A80100 S31A80100 S31A80100 S30A80100 S70580100 E00006170706C2E656C2E726563DD O O OO 0 6 00 0 16 006A 1500C6AFOOBEFO 2A00000400C2A 7E040800000000211 930300000000CF E8C0030800B E8F1000BD270800E Loading this file will result in the following info from YAMON Start 0x80100000 YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved range 0x80100000 0x8
56. operation with the specified data width This makes it useful for accessing registers in peripheral devices 8 Access data byte 16 Access data halfword ORTIONS 32 Access data word a Allow invalid address YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 18 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 3 Shell Commands NAME SYNOPSIS reset Atlas Malta SEAD 2 only reset DESCRIPTION OPTIONS Performs a hardware reset of the board None NAME SYNOPSIS scpu if CPU is configurable Depends on CPU Type help scpu at prompt to view synopsis DESCRIPTION OPTIONS NAME Configure or view current cpu configuration scpu does not by default modify the semi permanent scpu setting recorded in the environment variable cpuconfig By default cpuconfig is an empty string implying processor specific hardware reset configuration Use the p option if you want to set the environment variable Use unsetenv cpuconfig if you wish to reset cpuconfig to an empty string The following operations are available Display available settings Display current configuration Edit configuration Setup configuration based on environment variable Reset configuration to hardware default Store current configuration in environment variable scpu without options or parameters displays the current configuration a Display available configurations u Configure based on environm
57. p situation An ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packet must be replied to with an ICMP ECHO_REPLY packet from the remote host lt ipaddr gt The ICMP ECHO packet will contain data with the specified size The default datagramsize is 64 bytes minimum is 0 bytes and maximum is 1472 bytes DESCRIPTION The maximum size is constrained by the Ethernet upper frame size limit IP segmentation is not supported If the optional datagramsize parameter is not within the valid range the default size of 64 bytes will be used The ping command will stop when the first reply is received from the remote host If no replies are received depending on whether the MAC address of the destination path has been resoluted and kept in a cache ARP or ICMP_ECHO REQUEST packets are retransmitted up to 3 times before an appropriate error message is finally returned The user may stop the ping command at any time using Ctrl C OPTIONS None NAME port SYNOPSIS port a 8l 161 32 lt address gt lt value gt Perform a read or write operation to the specified lt address gt with the specified data width default 32 bits If lt value gt is specified this value is written otherwise a read operation is performed and the result is displayed DESCRIPTION The command checks the validity of the specified address see Section 5 1 Address Validation This check can be turned off using the a option The port command will result in exactly one read or write
58. rs a convenient way to examine the contents of specific environment variables e g echo ipaddr OPTIONS None YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 13 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 3 Shell Commands NAME SYNOPSIS edit edit 81 161 32 lt address gt DESCRIPTION Edit memory contents starting at lt address gt The default data width is 8 bits Edit mode is exited by typing gt or Ctrl C During the edit a data element can be left untouched by just pushing Enter The edit will then continue with the next data element Typing will cause the address to be decremented Data is entered using hexadecimal number format with no leading 0x OPTIONS NAME 8 Edit data in units of bytes 16 Edit data in units of halfwords 32 Edit data in units of words eeprom SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION eeprom m lt dev gt lt address gt lt size gt Dumps lt size gt bytes default 256 from eeprom device lt dev gt starting at lt address gt The continuation command works together with eeprom Available settings of dev parameter are sys Device for storing system data spd0 Device used for SDRAM parameters SPD OPTIONS NAME m Prompt user for keypress after each screen of data erase SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION OPTIONS NAME erase sl el lt address gt lt size gt Erase flash memory
59. rved Table of Contents O 4 2 General ISSUES a A nda 6 21 Connecting to YAMON suscitado ai 6 RS NN NO 6 2 2 l Number O 8 2 22 YAMON Distribution ner ahs eee Meee 9 3 Shell Commands s A ia 10 4 Environment Variables ecotipos a ca da venedevs laana eevee veneheedenus ios a a aeir aii iaa 23 4 1 Ethernet Support srt air deditos 25 D Special E E EA A A a 27 Dl Address Validato resinen nnn EE E R E E i A A E E A 27 5 2 Exception Handling ss nn enr seuss O eoa a dds Meabapsheseessaasonsbestsccvasesseasgeoeessansiess 27 X3 Cache Issues aa a 27 6 Memory L yo t iseen nirani a e a E a E E EE E E SS EEn EEEE ton nn SEEE E seer 29 T Board Specifics raien renren di E seve hace bes add oa a A E REE das ES 31 7 1 Atlas Malla ora e si A R EEEE EEAS AE A EE ia eras 31 Pd Upsradinig Y AMON art dare 31 TELS LADA AA 32 P21 Upgradins YAMON imita ira ii de 32 Uo SEAD 2 E O aia 32 Ss O te MAT indesit red an dd in ur pets AT 32 8 Application Interface nin niet intense eG asta as en ede Sg ai Ho re eos 33 SLAM o saves ee En ie Gs dit pit n 33 92 SAMO WSUS eee nira es Sees Tash cute iewed Ann nent inner cobs dada aran hin SN ne 34 3 Edi A add 34 SA FUNC HONS A A Tia 34 8 5 Environment Variables aid 35 8 6 Sample Applicat oM iria roo cities 36 DO GDB Interface NRO 38 9 1 Connecting to GDB i a ht ee eas dank ee ae ia a eee 38 9 2 GDB Remote Protocol Specification erat add 38 9 3 GDB Remote Protocol Requests i
60. s as well as FPU registers if applicable is displayed and YAMON returns to the prompt If an unexpected exception occurs in YAMON context the YAMON context CPU registers 0 31 and selected CPO registers as well as FPU registers if applicable is displayed YAMON waits for one second and attempts to restart at the prompt When an unexpected exception occurs the CPO EPC or ERROREPC depending on exception type is displayed in the ASCII LED display if display is available on platform By unexpected is meant an exception including interrupts for which no handler has been registered Interrupt handlers are installed for the interrupts used by device drivers Also a user application may register handlers for specific exceptions see Section 8 3 Functions If an NMI or EJTAG exception is detected YAMON will jump to the following addresses EJTAG 0x80000300 MI 0x80000380 YAMON has installed code at these addresses just like it has done at for example the general exception vector address 0x80000180 that will jump to the exception handling functions of YAMON but applications may install their own code at the above vector addresses Unless applications have taken over EJTAG exceptions they will be handled as any other exception Unless an application has taken over NMI exceptions they will be handled as any other unexpected exception NMI exceptions are very useful for debugging run away applications
61. s data to applications The go command will set CPU register a2 to the address of an array of structures holding the environment variables This is described in Section 8 Application Interface YAMON creates a number of environment variables These are either Read Only RO or Read Write R W RO variables may not be modified nor deleted R W variables may be modified but the new values are first validated by YAMON R W variables may also be reset to factory default settings using the unsetenv command Table 5 holds YAMON created environment variables that are common to all boards Table 6 holds YAMON created environment variables common to boards supporting Ethernet Table 7 holds YAMON created environment variable baseboardserial common to boards supporting a serial number Table 8 holds YAMON created environment variable cpuconfig available in case CPU is configurable Some implementations of MIPS 4K 5K class of processors allow configuration of cache and or MMU type The format of cpuconfig depends on the configurable parameters of the specific CPU The Takes effect column indicates when changes take effect only applicable for R W variables Table 5 Common Environment Variables Name Description Format Default Access Takes effect Start command that will be executed after a reset YAMON will give the user the option to press Ctrl C within 2 seconds to cancel execution of the start comma
62. sc sscstscssssscstsdssassvedsesdssssseodscbsctensdupascbasdotstachs sbassevensnoagecssbesvensuyeasenssdangesenss 39 10 Motorola records ini Ms nee Mein a ten utes dees de et O TA ne nine es teen 45 TI SAN 47 12 Diagnostics and Error MESS turco toi bsnid cid cacas het Ain dd deere lessee 49 ADDEMICOS sccssenssscscapseas E E EES EE E E 52 Ac References A E Tense E e A EN IA 53 B REVISION HIStory Li A a E E EET R RE Et 54 YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 1 Introduction 1 Introduction This document constitutes the user manual for the YAMON ROM monitor YAMON Yet Another MONitor is the ROM monitor used on MIPS Technologies evaluation and reference boards The target audience for this document is users of those boards This would typically be engineers developing hardware or software including compilers RTOS and other tools YAMON 02 06 supports the following boards e SEAD e SEAD 2 e Malta e Atlas SEAD and SEAD 2 boards may be equipped with CPU cards with MIPS32 4K or MIPS64 5K class of CPUs SEAD and SEAD 2 boards are shipped with a system controller Basic RTL included for the on board FPGA YAMON 02 06 supports Basic RTL revisions up to and including 01 03 and MIPS SOC it 101 system controller revision 1 1 Malta and Atlas boards may be equipped with various Core cards A core card includes a CPU a system con
63. sical Addresses SEAD SEAD 2 with SEAD 2 with Basic RTL MIPS SOC it 101 GPIO module 0x1b100000 1 MB N A Performance module Ox 1b200000 1 MB N A System controller N A 0x1bc00000 4 MB System flash 0x 1c000000 32 MB including 256 kB for Environment flash Monitor flash N A Environment flash environment variables Ox 1dfc0000 256 kB SRAM 0x1e000000 4 MB Peripheral controller registers 0x1e800000 4 MB N A Peripheral bus devices 0x1f000000 12 MB Bootcode base Ox1fc00000 1 MB Vector table Ox 1fc00500 Little endian code 0x1fc10000 Big endian code 0x 1fc78000 On the Malta board the hardware will redirect accesses to the Bootcode range based at Ox 1fc00000 to Monitor flash 0x1e000000 On the Atlas board the hardware will redirect accesses to the Bootcode range based at Ox 1fc00000 to either Monitor flash 0x1e000000 or the upper 4MB of System flash 0x1dc00000 based on jumper settings see 1 YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 30 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 7 Board Specifics 7 Board Specifics This section describes the issues specific to the boards supported by YAMON Break effect on tty0 describes the effect of an RS232 break on port tty0 On the Atlas and Malta boards the reset triggered by Break on tty0 may be disabled as described in 1 and 2 This involves writ
64. splay Error Messages Message Description Hex number Exception occurred Value represents EPC ERROREPC NMI NMI detected E CPU Unknown processor YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 50 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 12 Diagnostics and Error Messages Table 17 ASCII LED Display Error Messages Continued Message Description E NO_RAM ae Presence Detect device failed probably missing SDRAM E RAM_WH Illegal SDRAM width must be 64 bit E RAM_MB Asymmetrical DIMM banks not supported by Bonito64 E RAM_SZ Illegal RAM size gt 256 MB not supported by Bonito64 E RAM_CL SDRAM does not support CAS latency 2 E RAM_BL SDRAM does not support burst length 8 E RAM_EC Unsupported error check for SDRAM module ECC E RAM_DB Too many SDRAM device banks gt 4 E RAM_CF General SDRAM configuration error E RAM_HILO Processor stuck while writing lowest middle or high RAM address E RAM_LO Lowest RAM address failed E RAM_MI Middle RAM address failed E RAM_HI High RAM address failed E RAM_W RAM test failed during word access E RAM_B RAM test failed during byte access E NB_CW PCI configuration write cycle failed E NB_CR PCI configuration read cycle failed E NB_DEC North Bridge setup decoding failed E P_ALLO Not enough space for PCI auto configuration E P_RANG Illegal ram range for PCI mapping E P_CFG Unspecified error during P
65. starting at lt address gt Default data width is 8 bits lt size gt DESCRIPTION specifies the size of the area to fill expressed in bytes 8 Fill data in units of bytes OPTIONS 16 Fill data in units of halfwords 32 Fill data in units of words NAME flush SYNOPSIS flush il d Flush cache s By default the D cache is flushed first followed by an I cache invalidate This behavior can be changed by the i and d options DESCRIPTION The D cache flush operation is in reality a write back of dirty lines write back caches only followed by an invalidate operation i Invalidate I cache ARES d Flush D cache NAME fpu SYNOPSIS fpu onloff emul onloffistaticlear fs onloff fr onloff Controls the floating point unit and FPU emulator The above specified parameters can be set in the environment variable fpu to control settings at startup DESCRIPTION The FPU emulator supports all FP operations specified in MIPS32 MIPS64 except 64 bit addressing Paired Single and extended ASE FP operations lt blank gt Show current status Applicable when FPU is present onEnable the hardware FPU offDisable the hardware FPU Always applicable emulShow current status of emulator emul onEnable the emulator If the system has a hardware FPU which is enabled the emulator will handle denormalized and out of range numbers If the system lacks an FPU or the FPU is disabled the emulator will handle al FP operations emul offDisable
66. t Execute application code If a target address is not specified the address obtained from the last successful load command if any is used as the target address This address may be determined by issuing a go command The application will not be executed in this case If arguments for the user program need to be specified the default execution address can be DESCRIPTION referenced by a Section 8 1 Entry describes how arguments are passed to the application and how the application context is initially setup The application may return to YAMON by jumping to the address specified in ra or by calling the exit rc function supplied by YAMON OPTIONS None YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 16 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 3 Shell Commands NAME help SYNOPSIS help lt command gt help with no parameter shows a list of all the available commands To get more detailed help on a particular command specify the command name as an DESCRIPTION argument to help When specifying a command as an argument to help command completion will be performed if at least two characters of the command name have been specified OPTIONS None NAME info SYNOPSIS info boot board cpu sysctrl memory uart all pci ide isa lan Display information on the requested item default boot The following information displays can be requested boot
67. text shift handling 0 Select 0 default option 1 Select 1 2 Select 2 3 Select 3 4 Select 4 OPTIONS 5 Select 5 6 Select 6 7 Select 7 32 Access 32 bit of register default option 64 Access 64 bit of register 64 bit CPUs only NAME cpl if CP1 is available SYNOPSIS cpl lt name gt lt regnum gt lt value gt Read write CP1 control register s If no arguments are applied all CP1 control registers are read A register may be selected by name or number If a value is given this value is written to the register otherwise the register is read DESCRIPTION Writing a CP1 control register takes effect immediately Settings of CP1 control registers are also applied to user applications started with go or gdb See Section 8 3 Functions for description of context shift handling OPTIONS None YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 11 3 Shell Commands NAME SYNOPSIS date Atlas Malta only date cc yy mmddHHMM ss HH in 24 hour format DESCRIPTION Set or read date and time If no argument is given the present date and time is output If an argument is specified it is used to set the date and time on the real time clock The argument must have the format cc yy mmddHHMM ss where the hours HH are represented in 24h format 00 23 The output is shown as Day Mon dd HH MM SS ccyy
68. the environment variable The last structure in the array has both name and val pointers with NULL values Since the pointers point to the actual environment variables stored in RAM and not a copy of these the application is responsible for not corrupting these at least if it intends to return to YAMON 8 6 Sample Application A sample Hello world application is available for demonstrating the application interface The application prints Hello world on the terminal by looking up the address of the YAMON print function and calling it The source files makefile and linker script are tar ed and gzipped in the following file yamon sampleappl src lt rev gt tar gz lt rev gt is the revision number of the application The revision number is not correlated to the revision number of YAMON The application has been build and tested in the following environment e Host running Sun Sparc Solaris 2 6 e GNU Make version 3 77 e GNU compiler tools gcc Id objcopy objdump Cygnus GNUPro Embedded ToolSuite with MIPS support e g gcc 2 96 or Algorithmics SDE MIPS 4 0b or Algorithmics SDE MIPS 4 1 or MIPS Technologies MIPS SDE Toolkit e GNU gunzip tool The makefile contains the following expressions which define the names of the compiler tools TOOLCHAIN cygnus ifeq TOOLCHAIN cygnus CC mipsisa32 elf gcc LD mipsisa32 elf ld OBJCOPY mipsisa32 elf objcopy OBJDUMP mipsisa3
69. trl k Delete characters from cursor position to end of line Ctrl u Delete line Ctrl c Cancel current line TAB Command line completion Commands may be auto completed by pressing TAB Also the shell attempts to auto complete commands when parsing them However minimum 2 characters must be typed before auto completing For example if the user enters he the command help will be performed The special characters shown in Table 3 are recognized by the shell parser Table 3 Shell Parser Special Characters Character Meaning The following is an environment variable which will be expanded by dollar the parser The following is a string which should not be parsed as individual double quote tokens must be terminated by another double quote Environment variables within the quotes are expanded The following is a string which should not be parsed as individual single quote tokens must be terminated by another single quote Environment variables within the quotes are not expanded YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 7 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 2 General Issues Table 3 Shell Parser Special Characters Character Meaning Used to separate commands Example YAMON gt echo hello echo world hello world YAMON gt A line beginning with lt count gt will be repeated count times or
70. troller aka Northbridge and SDRAM module Table 1 shows the the core cards and CPUs supported by YAMON 02 06 for the Malta and Atlas boards Table 1 Supported Core boards and CPUs CoreLV CoreFPGA QED5261 Board MIPS32 4K class CPUs o MIPS32 4K class CPUs MIPS64 5K class CPUs Available CPUs MIpS64 5K class CPUs MIPS32 M4K QED RM5261 in FPGA System Controller GT64120 Supported by Malta Supported by Atlas Core20K CoreBonito64 CoreFPGA 2 MIPS32 4K class CPUs MIPS64 5K class CPUs Available CPUs MIPS64 20Kc QED RM5261 MIPS64 25Kf QED RM7061A MIPS32 24K MIPS32 M4K in FPGA System Controller Bonito64 MIPS SOC it 101 Supported by Malta Supported by Atlas This document describes the interfaces to YAMON This includes a command line interface a debugger interface and an application interface The same binary image is used for all boards and CPUs supported by YAMON YAMON detects the specific board CPU at run time YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 4 Copyright 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 1 Introduction The binary image contains both little and big endian code YAMON detects the endianness at run time and executes the appropriate code Some of the main YAMON features are RAM size type detection and auto configuration Shell with command line history and editing Traditional shell commands load
71. until a command fails or ctrl c is detected If count is zero line will be repeated indefinitely or until command fails or ctrl c is detected Example YAMON gt 3 echo hello hello hello hello YAMON gt backslash The following character should not be considered a special character The sequence will generate a character If the backslash is the last character on a line the command will continue on the next line Example YAMON gt echo hello world hello world YAMON gt Most commands may be stopped by typing Ctrl C An RS232 break on tty0 is equivalent to either Ctrl C or reset depending on the board see Section 7 Board Specifics Commands are case sensitive 2 2 1 Number Formats The following number formats are supported case insensitive lt number gt Hex 16 lt number gt Hex Ox lt number gt Hex OX lt number gt Hex 10 lt number gt Decimal 8 lt number gt Octal By default all numbers except numbers used for IP addresses and IP subnet masks are in hexadecimal format YAMON User s Manual Revision 02 06 Copyright O 1999 2004 MIPS Technologies Inc All rights reserved 2 General Issues 2 2 2 YAMON Distribution The board shipped from MIPS Technologies will contain YAMON in non volatile memory Depending on the specific board this may be flash memory or E PROM YAMON is released as three files e yamon sr
72. y1 bl ul p lt baudrate gt nlole 718 112 hwinone Setup or view serial port setup Default port is tty0 b u p apply to the default port if no port is specified The possible baudrates are generally 75 460800 but not all baudrates are supported by all platforms Use stty ttyx b to get a list of the supported baudrates for a specific port Available parity settings are n none o odd e even Available databits are 7 and 8 Available stopbits are 1 and 2 Available flowctrl settings are hw and none When changing the parameters for a tty which is being used e g the console some strange characters may appear as a result Also note that stty does not by default modify the semi permanent tty setting recorded in the environment variables Use the p option if you want to set the environment variable for the specific tty as well OPTIONS NAME u Force environment settings for port to take effect p Transfer current settings for port to environment b List supported baud rates for the specified port ttyO Setup port 0 default ttyl Setup port 1 test SYNOPSIS DESCRIPTION test 1 m lt module gt lt module arguments gt The test command can perform a number of self tests on different modules If no module is supplied all available modules are tested and a final pass fail status is indicated If a module is specified only this module is tested If the option m

YAMON™ User`s Manual

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents

YAMON&trade; User`s Manual

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents

YAMON™ User`s Manual