GIS Project Report
Contents
1. Administrator User Level Report Search Demand Analysis Plucking Pruning Manuring Spraying Employee Worker Herbert Schildt Java 2 The Complete Reference Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited New Delhi India Pressman Roger S Software Engineering A Practitioner s Approach McGraw Hill Inc Hawryszkiewycz I T System Analysis and Design Prentice Hall of India Private Limited India Robert Eckstein Mare Loy amp Dave Wood Java Swing O Reilly amp Associates Inc 5 User manual of Matlab 6 1 www teaaction com industry indiantea asp2. else if k 3 rs start executeQuery select m from spraying where sec_code pug3 else if k 4 rs start executeQuery select x from spraying where sec_code pug4 else if k 5 rs start executeQuery select sec code pug5 else if k 6 rs start executeQuery select sec_code pug6 else if k 7 rs start executeQuery select sec_code pug7 else if k 8 rs start executeQuery select sec_code pug8 else if k 9 rs start executeQuery select sec_code pug9 else if k 10 rs start executeQuery select sec_code pug 10 else if k 11 rs start executeQuery select sec_code pug11 else if k 12 rs start executeQuery select sec_code pug12 else if k 13 rs start executeQuery select sec_code pug 13 else if k 14 rs start executeQuery select sec_code pug 14 else if k 15 rs start executeQuery select sec_code pug15 while rs next tl setText rs getString 2 t2 setText rs getString 3 t3 setText rs getString 4 j con close catch Exception e System out printIn jprong from from from from from from from from from from from spraying spraying spraying spraying spraying spraying spraying spraying spraying spraying spraying where where where where where where where where where where where Code to INSERT dat
3. En S 11 32 AM Fig Window shows the Total Plucking Details The Geographical Information System or GIS in short is rapidly a growing technology for representing spatial data all over the world Interpretation of database information has always been cumbersome and complex On the other hand visual data representation is worth a thousand words Tea is indigenous to India and is an area where the country can take a lot of pride This is mainly because of its pre eminence as a foreign exchange earner In all aspects of tea production consumption and export India has emerged to be the world leader mainly because it accounts for 31 of global production It is perhaps the only industry where India has retained its leadership over the last 150 years The range of tea offered by India from the original Orthodox to CTC and Green Tea remains unparalleled in the world Even then for the last couple of years due to rapid changes in global economic scenario liberalization of Indian economy and increasing presence of countries like Kenya Indonesia Sri Lanka etc in global export market Indian tea is under recession At the same time due to use of too much pesticide the global market refuses to import Indian tea Considering all these aspects a management system for tea gardens is proposed here to enhance the quality and productivity So the overall objectives of this proposed project is to generate a GIS Anchored Integrated Plantation Man
4. Statement ps null try Class forName sun jdbc odbc JdbcOdbcDriver amo no con DriverManager getConnection jdbc odbc puguri scott tiger ps con createStatement catch Exception e try try if k 1 sl pug1 else if k 2 sl pug2 else if k 3 sl pug3 else if k 4 sl pug4 else if k 5 sl pug5 else if k 6 sl pug6 else if k 7 sl pug7 else if k 8 sl pug8 else if k 9 sl pug9 else if k 10 sl pug10 else if k 11 sl pug11 else if k 12 sl pug12 else if k 13 sl pug13 else if k 14 sl pug14 else if k 15 sl pug15 s2 tl getText s3 t2 getText s4 t3 getText catch Exception e System out println Error System out printIn Problem e JOptionPane showMessageDialog Component null Data is updated successfully UPDATION JOptionPane ERROR_MESSAGE ps executeQuery update spraying set sec_code s1 l_s_date s2 n_o_w s3 n_s_date s4 where sec_code s1 con commit catch SQLException e Code to DELETE data from the Database void del_pluk int k Connection con null Statement ps null String s1 null int confirm JOptionPane showOptionDialog f Do you really want to Delete Delete Confirmation JOptionPane YES_NO_OPTION JOptionPane QUESTION_MESSAGE null null null if confirm 0 try Class forName sun jdbc
5. some conventions have been followed for making the code efficient e Mixing of variables have been avoided as much as possible e Arithmetic and logical expressions have been simplified 10 1 Instructions to the Users of the Package Our project is on the topic namely GIS Anchored Integrated Plantation Management Tea which is a user friendly GIS based package for Phuguri Tea Estate Mirik Darjeeling We have tried to give best effort in making this package a user friendly so that any one can use this package for their need without complexity In this project at first the user has to go through the introduction and short details about the entire work and developers of the package Then the administrator level password checking is done for the user If the user has administrator level access authority then he she can access the overall package After the administrator username and password checking the main page containing the complete map of the tea garden and a button for Total Report appears in the screen In this complete map if mouse is over on a particular section the zoomed view of that very section can be seen Now to work with that section user has to left click on it As the user click that section the view of that section with the information corresponding to that section such as Section Code and Section Area appears from the database Now by right clicking on the section map a pop up menu appears describing various optio
6. Output The following input output style has been chosen while coding the software i Validation Checking of all input data i All input data are kept simple as far as possible 9 3 Selected Codes import java awt import java awt event import javax swing import javax swing border import java util import java sql import java applet import java awt image import java awt Graphics import javax swing event import java applet AudioClip import java net URL import java net MalformedURLException import java awt GridBagLayout Code for Front Page public class gisproject extends Frame implements MouseListener JFrame mf JLabel lab Container c int flag 0 SoundList soundList String auFile spacemusic au String aiffFile flute hrn mrmba aif String midiFile trippygaial mid String rmfFile jungle rmf String wavFile bottle open wav String chosenFile AudioClip onceClip loopClip URL codeBase boolean looping false gisproject lab new JLabel new Imagelcon D image front jpg JLabel LEFT mf new JFrame WELCOME TO THE PACKAGE mf setSize 1024 738 JPanel p new JPanel p setLayout new GridLayout 2 1 p addMouseListener this p add lab c mf getContentPane c add p sound 1 c setLayout new FlowLayout mf setVisible true j public void sound int k chosenFile auFile addMouseListener this
7. and tools for the coast effective analysis documentation and ongoing evolution of user needs and the specification of the external behaviour of a system to satisfy those needs Requirement analysis is a software engineering task that bridges the gap between system level software requirement engineering and software design The identification of need preliminary investigation is required to develop the model for the software The proposed model will be the foundation for completion of the project successfully A set of elements that are organized to accomplish some predefined goals those will make the successful by processing information Software requirements analysis may be divided into five areas of efforts 1 Problem recognition 2 Evaluation and synthesis 3 Modeling 4 Specification and 5 Review 3 4 Schematic Diagram of the System Level O DFD Request to Insert Update Delete Information Insert Update Delete into the Database Reply from the Administrator GIS Anchored Integrated Plantation Management System Tea Permission for Login Fina epos Reply of the permission Query Getting information Level 1 DFD USER Section wise Division Report Segment Info MANAGEMENT Level 2 DFD Request for Log In MANAGEMENT Log In Reply Request for Log In END USER Log In Reply Administrator Entry Level Permitted User E e
8. checked If the user is authorized then only he she can insert the data for that corresponding section f amp INSERT PRUNING DETAILS Last Pruning Type LP Last Pruning Date ddimmAyyyy 05 v 03 Number of Workers 54 Next Pruning Type UP Next Pruning Date ddimmiyyy 08 03 2007 15 start ee W Creator ata ca C Program File oy PUGURI MAIN D amp INSERT PRUNI i untitled Paint Fig Window shows the Form for the Insertion of Data After selecting a specific section for work when right clicked into the section the pop up menu will appear In the pop up menu when the Pruning Plucking Manuring Spraying Employee or Worker menu item is clicked Update sub menu item appears Now when Update sub menu is clicked an administrator username amp password is checked If the user is authorized then only he she can update the data for that corresponding section f amp UPDATE EMPLOYEE DETAILS 0101 1870 jor 311997 C Program File Fig Window shows the form for Update of the Inserted Data 5 3 Deletion of the Data After selecting a specific section for work when right clicked into the section the pop up menu will appear In the pop up menu when the Pruning Plucking Manuring Spraying Employee or Worker menu item is clicked Delete sub menu item appears Now when Delete sub menu is clicked an administrator username amp password is checked If the use
9. oO 22 REPORT Request for Request for Rusto y ___ Input Data Permission Administrator Info Reply Administrator Entry Level Request for Request for Update Insertion Delete from 22 e 3 Qo OS A Insert Into Database gt Garden Info Segment wise Division Deletion LogIn Info Segment Info Report DEMAND ANALYSIS Request for Report Delete Database Collects Information 3 5 Steps to Use the System gt Display Image front jpg front page gt Sound Play spacemusic au If Mouse Clicked gt Display Image p2 jpg gt Sound Play flute hrn mrnba aif If Mouse Clicked gt Display Image 12 jpg Get User Name Check the entered user id with the administrator id gt Get Password Check the entered password with the administrator password If Go Button Pressed gt Display Main screen with original gif image If Total Report Button Pressed Display The option buttons with the original gif image If Plucking Button Pressed gt Display Total plucking information Else if Pruning Button Pressed gt Display Total pruning information Else if Manuring Button Pressed Display Total manuring information Else if Spraying Button Pressed Display Total spraying information Else if Employee Button Pressed gt Display Total employee s information Else if Wo
10. pruning plucking manuring spraying scheduling There we got an overall view of the tea garden management that helped us in every step to develop the package We have also collected data of various workers and employees of the tea estate These data contains details of the facilities that the workers and employees of the garden get from the management This also helped us to create the worker and permanent employee databases Tea being one of the most important and highest foreign exchange earning agricultural products of India is now under recession Industry and Government has realized that there is immediate need to modernize the tea production process to make it globally competitive The major national objective of tea industry is to utilize available land on estates towards sustainable development by ensuring land use efficiency with proper soil conservation measures and environment protection In addition producers objective to is to manage tea estates to maximize profit In our project we worked for a specific tea estate namely Phuguri Tea Estate Mirik Darjeeling In future the package will be a web based GIS integrated package which can be accessed from any platform A part of the package is still to be developed under Linux platform Our work in the project is just a prototype of the entire package which is still to be developed for the Tea Industry of India The accumulated knowledge data and information of our project can
11. the climatic variations This is called a Leaf Period The mean leaf period of tea bushes of North East India is 4 days during the main flushing season and the leaf should not be plucked a day earlier than twice of the leaf period i e 2 x leaf period 1 7 days An automated management system database oriented may be helpful to monitor the plucking of tea 6 2 Pruning Scheduling Pruning is one of the most important operations next to plucking which directly determines the productivity of tea bushes If pruning is delayed in other words as the age of wood from pruning increases the size and weight of growing shoots on plucking surface decreases Therefore to maintain the vegetative growth pruning is necessary Light prune LP Tea bushes are usually pruned every 3 or 4 years at 4 5 cm above the last pruning cut The time period from one light prune year to another is called one pruning cycle Height reduction prune and Medium prune When the tea bushes grows tall and plucking becomes difficult they are brought down to an optimum height by height reduction prune HRP at 60 70 cm or medium prune MP at 45 60 cm above ground In between two successive prune LP years tea bushes are given lighter forms of cuts which are termed as deep skiff DS medium skiff MS light skiff LS level of skiff LOS or untouched which is called unpruned Time of pruning and skiffing pruning is done in November t
12. 0 20 90 120 70 100 50 70 Till the garden can be enriched with organic build up process of inorganic fertilizer application will continue In many gardens exact requirement of fertilizer is not ascertained which in turn result in either excess of deficient fertilizer application Somewhere right kind of fertilizers is not used In a soil having high pH above 5 5 rock phosphate should not be used because it is an acid soluble phosphate Single super Phosphate which is water soluble Phosphate should be the best proposition in those kind of soil Time of manuring Fertilizers should be applied only when the tea bushes are ready to utilize them As a general rule the best time for fertilizer application is after the first rain in spring has moistened the soil to a depth of 45 cm In case of pruned and skiffed teas the fertilizer should be applied after the bushes have produced two new leaves It is recommended to apply N and K in two splits if the dose exceeds 100 kg ha 60 should be applied on March April and 40 of N and K should be applied on August September It is sometimes recommended to add Sulphur 20 45 kg ha to improves yield and quality of tea Sometimes Zinc is beneficial for increase the yield but recommendation is not to exceed 12 5 kg zinc sulphate ha yr Foliar nutrition is beneficial under stress condition or coinciding with physiological changes in the bush NPK mi
13. ER 10 3 Total iis x ae EMP_MASTER Table Contains information about employees of the tea garden Field Name Data Type Null Description EMP_ID VARGHARIG Norman raue Code Tor each employee NAME VARCHAR2 25 Name of the employee ADDRESS VARCHAR2 30 Address of the employee SEX VARCHAR2 6 Sex of the employee DOB VARCHAR2 12 Date of birth of the employee DOJ VARCHAR2 12 Date of joining of the employee DSGN VARCHAR2 20 Designation of the employee BASIC NUMBER 8 2 Basic Salary of the employee DA NUMBER 7 2 Dearness Allowance of the employee HRA NUMBER 7 2 House Rent Allowance of the employee SA NUMBER 7 2 Special Allowance of the employee PF NUMBER 7 2 Provident fund of the employee 4 3 User Interface Design The User Interface Design is the mechanism through which a dialog between the program and the human is established A simple and user friendly user interface is worth in any software The interface should be such that any user can handle the software effortlessly The following are few forms those the user has to go through while handling the software f amp WELCOME TO THE PACKAGE Fig Window shows the Front Page of the Package KALYANI GOVT ENGINEERING COLLEGE Project Name GIS Anchored Integrated Plantation Management Tea Project File No 8022 RID NPROJ RPS 92 04 dated 22 03 2004 Amount Sanctioned Rs 8 90 000 Place of Work Kalyani Govt Engineering College
14. GIS ANCHORED INTEGRATED PLANTATION MANAGEMENT TEA A Package Developed Ander Research Promotional Scheme of AU India Council for Technical Education Developed by Puspendu Sarkar Arpita Nath Atanu Moitra Dept of Computer Science amp Application University of North Bengal Under Principal Investigation of Br 3 R Mandal Professor amp Head Department of Computer Application Kalyani Government Engineering College Kalyani Nadia West Bengal Acknowledgement All works of the project had been carried out by the students of Master of Computer Application 3 year final semester North Bengal University for the partial fulfillment of the Master of Computer Application Degree I acknowledge my heartful of gratitude to Dr Jyotsna Kumar Mandal Principal Investigator of the Project and also Professor amp Head Department of Computer Application Kalyani Government Engineering College Kalyani Nadia under whose supervision and proper guidance the entire project work had been undergone Many other individuals have contributed in the development of this project With so many people to be thanked for their valuable comments and exclusive suggestions I would like to express my deep gratitude to them for providing us with the computer laboratory for accessing the internet and testing the project proceedings when required I would also like to thank the management of Phuguri Tea Estate who have helped providing all the ne
15. Principal Investigator Dr J K Mandal Professor amp Head Dept of Computer Application Kalyani Govt Engineering College Project Trainee Puspendu Sarkar Atanu Moitra Arpita Nath Click to Continue Final Docum C Chapter 4 c KALYANI G f amp WELCOME TO THE PACKAGE eo Y ICreator T C Progra nio WELCOME TO THE P 4 p2 JPG Paint Fig Window shows the Administrator Level Password Checking 2 PUGURI MAIN DIVISION e o YU ICreator atanu java ex C Program Fi T 8 PucuRI mal N ij p3 JPG Paint Fig Window shows the Main form where Zoomed View of the corresponding Section where mouse is over in the main map f amp FACH SEGMENT DIVISION Section Code pug1 Section Area in Hector 4 90 E G N ICreator ata ex C Program File amp PUGURI MAIN D f amp EACH SEGMENT 18 untitled Paint Fig Window shows the Popup Menu for the selected Section So far the system has been generated and some experiments have been carried out to the system Few such experiments and corresponding results are listed below 5 1 Insertion of the Data After selecting a specific section for work when right clicked into the section the pop up menu will appear In the pop up menu when the Pruning Plucking Manuring Spraying Employee or Worker menu item is clicked Insert sub menu item appears Now when Insert sub menu is clicked an administrator username amp password is
16. a into the Database void manure_insert int k try connec DriverManager getConnection jdbc odbc pugur Connection connec null Statement start null PreparedStatement htmt null int i 1 Class forName sun jdbc odbc JdbcOdbcDriver catch Exception e try System out printIn Problem htmt connec prepareStatement INSERT 1 scott INTO SEC_CODE L_M_DATE N_O_W N_M_DATE VALUES if k 1 sl pugl else if k 2 sl pug2 else if k 3 sl pug3 else if k 4 sl pug4 else if k 5 sl pug5 else if k 6 sl pug6 else if k 7 sl pug7 else if k 8 sl pug8 else if k 9 sl pug9 else if k 10 tiger MANURING I sl pug10 else if k 11 sl pug11 else if k 12 sl pug12 else if k 13 sl pug13 else if k 14 sl pug14 else if k 15 sl pug15 htmt setString 1 s1 s2 t2 getText htmt setString 2 1d htmt setString 3 s2 htmt setString 4 nd htmt execute Update connec close JOptionPane showMessageDialog Component null Data havebeen successfully inserted SUBMITTED JOptionPane ERROR MESSAGE j catch SQLException e JOptionPane showMessageDialog Component null Data is already inserted for this section INSERT ERROR JOptionPane ERROR_MESSAGE System out printIn jprong e Code to UPDATE data of the Database void sp_update int k Connection con null
17. agement Tea to maximize the profit in the tea gardens through the strength of IT in the form of GIS Barring some accounting works almost all the tea gardens in India are being managed manually Due to large amount of data in tea gardens the task of making management decisions becomes time consuming and tedious and this may be a reason behind the low quality and production rate To improve the quality and production of tea it is necessary to consider the following aspects of tea management Plucking scheduling Pruning scheduling Spraying scheduling Scheduling of manuring Employee and Labour management In addition there is one more important aspect of Tea Management i e Drainage System which is beyond the scope of the proposed work Brief descriptions of the aforesaid aspects are mentioned below 6 1 Plucking of Tea Plucking in tea cultivation is synonymous with harvesting in other crops The tender apical portion of the shoot consisting of 2 3 leaves and the terminal bud are nipped off in plucking The general time of plucking is starting of March to end of November Plucking Rounds The time interval between two successive plucking is called a Plucking Round Plucking round may be extended from 4 to 14 days but to keep a balance between crop and quality plucking round of 6 8 days are usually practiced The time required for unfolding of successive leaves from a growing bud varies from 3 to 6 days depending on
18. blic SoundList URL baseURL super 5 Initialize Hashtable with capacity of 5 entries this baseURL baseURL public void startLoading String relative URL new SoundLoader this baseURL relative URL public AudioClip getClip String relative URL return AudioClip get relative URL public void putClip AudioClip clip String relativeURL put relativeURL clip class SoundLoader extends Thread SoundList soundList URL completeURL String relativeURL public SoundLoader SoundList soundList URL baseURL String relativeURL this soundList soundList try completeURL new URL baseURL relativeURL catch MalformedURLException e System err printIn e getMessage this relativeURL relativeURL setPriority MIN_PRIORITY start public void run AudioClip audioClip Applet newAudioClip completeURL soundList putClip audioClip relative URL Code for DATABASE QUERY void query int k Connection con null Statement start null ResultSet rs null int i 1 try Class forName sun jdbc odbc JdbcOdbcDriver con DriverManager getConnection jdbc odbc puguri scott tiger j catch Exception e System out printIn Problem e try start con createStatement if k 1 rs start executeQuery select m from spraying where sec_code pug1 else if k 2 rs start executeQuery select i from spraying where sec code pug2
19. cessary information regarding the tea estate My sincere gratitude to all the faculties Non Teaching staffs and friends for sharing their knowledge advice and expertise during the development of the project and devoting their valuable time to make this project a success PUSPENDU SARKAR ARPITA NATH ATANU MOITRA 1 INTRODUCTION 2 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT Project Details What is GIS Description of the Project Objective of the Project 3 THE SCHEME Application Development Environment Software Requirement Specification System Analysis Schematic Design of the Package Steps to Use the System Time Scheduling of the Project Work 4 DESIGN OF THE SOFTWARE Object Oriented Design Database Design User Interface Design 5 RESULTS Insertion of Data Update of the Inserted Data Deletion of the Data Total Report Generation Detail Reports 6 DISCUSSION Plucking of Tea Pruning Scheduling Spraying Scheduling Scheduling of Manuring Types of Workers 7 FIELD STUDY 8 FUTURE SCOPE 9 CODING Language Chosen Coding Style Selected Codes Code Efficiency 10 USER INSTRUCTIONS Instructions to the User of the Package Page Settings of the Package 11 BIBLIOGRAPHY Introduction Tea is one of the most important and highest foreign exchange earning agricultural product of India The Indian states of Assam Meghalaya Tripura North Bengal Darjeeling and Sikkim contribute significantly to the overall tea pro
20. duction in the country Tea is also grown in Southern part of the country such as TamilNadu Karnataka and Kerala Total Tea cultivation area is approximately 0 45 million hector There are three major varieties of tea produced world wide such as Orthodox CTC amp Green Tea India mainly produces Black Tea whereas Green Tea is very popular in Japan Taiwan and China etc India produces 850 millions Kgs of Tea annually which is 30 percent of world production Annual world production 2800 million Kgs For last couple of years due to rapid changes in global economic scenario globalization of Indian economy breaking of USSR and increasing presence of countries like Kenya Indonesia Sri Lanka etc in global export market Indian tea industry is at the cross roads Consequently average price realized per Kg of tea by Indian industries decreasing steadily as described in the below figure TOTAL PRODUCTION OF BLACK TEA TOTAL 2800 Million Kg Industry and Government has realized that there is immediate need to modernize the tea production process to make it globally competitive The major national objective of tea industry is to utilize available lands on estates towards sustainable development by ensuring land use efficiency with proper soil conservation measures and environment protection In addition producers objective is to manage tea estates to maximize profits Therefore the overall objective of this project is to id
21. e development of Geographical Information System GIS makes timely accessible of spatial and temporal data Moreover its capability of spatial analysis and presentation makes it useful tool for this kind of applications Data collection from the field with the help of field sensors and integration of these data to GIS and ERP package will lead to effective and efficient planning for better management This GIS Anchored Integrated Plantation Management Tea package for the Tea Enterprises comprises the followings a Detail map of the entire Tea Estate a Thematic layer maps of the estate a GIS based front end a Attribute ERP database a Menu based Spatial query builder 2 4 Objective of the Project The Geographical Information System or GIS in short is rapidly growing technology for representing spatial data all over the world Interpretation of database information has always been cumbersome and complex On the other hand visual data representation is worth a thousand words Our project is mainly focused on the following things e Loading the complete image of Tea Garden e Segmenting that image of the garden into the corresponding sections e Create the database related to the Tea Garden and each section e Insert Delete and Update data of the database e Generating the overall report of different garden processes of the garden management e Retrieve data from the database according to the queries and show the results to t
22. e following elements gt Software Computer programs data structures and related documentations those serve to affect the logical method procedure or control that is required Hardware Electronic devices that provide computing capability the interconnectivity devices that enable the flow of data and electronic devices that provide external world function People Users and operators of the hardware and software categorized in two groups Administrator and User gt Database A large organized collection of information that is accessed via software Documentation Descriptive information that portrays the use and or operation of the system Procedure The steps that define the specific use of each system element or the procedural context in which the system resides 3 2 2 Software and Hardware Requirements The software requirements of the project are as follows 1 Software Java 1 3 or more Swing 2 RDBMS Oracle 91 3 Operating System Windows 9x The hardware requirements of the project are as follows Processor Intel Pentium III 2 Mother Board Any 3 RAM 256 MB DDR 4 Monitor Any 5 Keyboard Any 6 Mouse Any 3 3 System Analysis The term Analysis specifies what the system should do Software requirement engineering is a process of discovery refinement modeling and specification Requirements engineering are the systematic use of proven principles techniques languages
23. ea garden Field Name Data Type Null Description SEC_CODE VARCHAR2 10 Not Null Unique Code of the section PLUCK_DATE VARCHAR2 15 Current plucking date T TOT YIELD NUMBER 10 2 POR ye ote corresponding date N_O_W NUMBER S No of workers for plucking M_YIELD NUMBER 10 2 Current month s total yield Y_YIELD NUMBER 10 2 Current year s total yield MANURING Table Contains information about manuring of each section of the tea garden Field Name Data Type Null Description SEC_CODE VARCHAR2 10 Not Null Unique Code of the section L M DATE VARCHAR2 15 Last manuring date N_O_W NUMBER S No of workers for plucking N_M_DATE VARCHAR2 15 Next manuring date SPRAYING Table Contains information about spraying of each section of the tea garden Field Name Data Type Null Description SEC_CODE VARCHAR2 10 Not Null Unique Code of the section L_S_DATE VARCHAR2 15 Last spraying date N_O_W NUMBER S No of workers for plucking N_S_DATE VARCHAR2 15 Next spraying date W_MASTER Table Contains information about workers of the tea garden Field Name Data Type Null Description W_ID VARCHAR Net Nuit due code tor each worker W_NAME VARCHAR2 30 Name of the worker W_ADD VARCHAR2 40 Address of the worker W_SEX VARCHAR2 15 Sex of the worker W_TYPE VARCHAR2 10 Type of the worker W_YR_YIELD NUMB
24. easily be used in future days in the advanced fields of Information Technology and Geographical Information System based development As a result this will have penetration prospect also in other similar plantation based industries like Coffee The end product of the entire project will be a customizable GIS ERP package which will be beneficial to the Tea Planters in terms of better planning management and enhanced productivity and profitability To translate representation of the software into a form that is understood by the computer we need a programming language Coding is the process that transforms the design into programming language Programming language characteristics and coding style can profoundly affect software quality and maintainability 9 1 Language Chosen Given a variety of available programming languages e g C C PASCAL BASIC JAVA etc the following criteria should be there by choosing the programming language i general application area ii algorithmic and computational complexity iii environment in which the software will execute iv data structure complexity v performance consideration vi knowledge of software development staffs and vii availability of good compiler or cross compiler The programming language chosen for the development of the software is JAVA Java satisfies all the criteria stated above The basic criterion for the software requires that it is to be operated ove
25. ent effort and Oracle databases and support from hundreds of users the database management software does all necessary locking and protection of data In fact it is common to see applications being developed on a single user version of Oracle database and then implemented without any change of code on bigger machine with many more users 3 Large Range of Tools The Oracle Corporation supplies many tools that provide front end access to Oracle databases in the form of screens inputs reports or even graphs on the data These tools though used mostly with Oracle databases can also be used with non Oracle data sources The tool selection expands periodically 4 Portable The Oracle RDBMS software as already mentioned comes on than hundred different hardware and OS platforms If one has developed Oracle application on one machine it becomes relatively easy to put the system to another machine and operating system Very little needs to be changed with regards to Oracle application code 5 Backups and Recovery Oracle provides many options when it comes to backing up and recovering the data In fact if a database and machine has been setup correctly there is very little that can cause loss of data If something does go wrong the depending on the type of failure the database administrator also needs to do very little to recover the changes saved since the database was last running ensuring a speedy return into normal work O
26. entify suitable strategic land use development plan and to introduce precision farming to maximize profitability The strength of IT in the form of GIS and ERP solution is expected to give excellent results towards achieving this goal 2 1 Project Details Project Title Project Guide Place of Work Work Field Project Duration Platform Software Used Technology Used Database Development Tool Team Size GIS Anchored Integrated Plantation Management Tea A Package Developed Under Research Promotional Scheme of All India Council of Technical Education Dr J K Mandal Principal Investigator Professor and Head of the Dept of C A KGEC Kalyani Government Engineering College Kalyani Nadia West Bengal Phuguri Tea Estate Mirik Darjeeling W B Five Months 5 January 2006 24 May 2006 Windows XP Professional J2SDK 1 4 1 MatLab 6 1 Java Swing Oracle 9i J Creator 3 0 LE Three 2 2 What is GIS Everything is replaced to everything else but near things related than distant things Tobler s First Law of Geography Geographic Information System GIS is a computer based information system used to digitally represent and analyze the geographic features presents on the earth s surface and the events non spatial attributes linked to the geography under study that taking place on it The meaning to represent digitally is to convert analog smooth line
27. he users 3 1 Application Development Environment 3 1 1 Java Database Connectivity JDBC The JDBC is a pure java API Application Programming Interface used to execute a SQL statement It provides a set of classes and interfaces that can be used by developers to write database application Basic JDBC interaction in its simplest form can be broken down into four steps 1 Open a connection to the database 2 Execute SQL statement 3 Processes the result 4 Close the connection to the database JDBC Driver Types Sun has defined four JDBC driver types to meets a different application needs e Type I JDBC ODBC Bridge plus ODBC Driver The first type of JDBC driver is the JOBC ODBC Bridge This driver type is provided by Sun with version 1 1 and later It is a driver that provides JDBC access to database through ODBC driver The ODBC driver must be configure on the client for the bridge to work The driver type is commonly used for prototyping or when there is no JDBC driver available for a particular DBMS e Type 2 Native API partly JAVA Driver The native to API driver converts JOBC commands to DBMS specific native calls This is much like the restriction to type 1 driver The client must have binary code loaded on its machine These drivers do have an advantage over type 1 driver because they interface directly with the database e Type 3 JDBC Net pure JAVA Driver The JDBC Net Drivers are three t
28. hich then sends the commands to the data source The middle tier of three tier architecture is the application server which isolates data processing in a central location and maximizes object reuse It contains problem specific objects called business objects which look after accounts customers and transactions that exist independently of how a user might see them The data source processes them and sends the results back to the middle tier which then sends them to the user Application Space Java Application JDBC Driver SQL Command Result Set Application Server Middle tier Proprietary Protocol Database Fig Three tier model 3 1 2 ORACLE The Oracle database system provides a number of benefits some of which can also be found in other relational database systems In addition to the benefits described in the following section Oracle and it s components run on more than a hundred different hardware and operating system platforms including all the different versions of UNIX from the many different vendors Oracle corporation also provides a full suit of development tools end user tools applications and utilities 1 Large Database Oracle can support databases ranging in size from megabytes to hundreds of GB The database file can reside either on hard disk drives or on CD ROMs which can be particularly useful for archival or historical data 2 Many Users Without any extra application developm
29. into a digital form A GIS is an information system designed to work with data referenced by spatial geographic coordinates In other words GIS is both a database system with specific capabilities for spatial reference data as well as a set of operation for working with the data It may also be considered as a higher order map GIS technology integrates common database operation such as query and statistical analysis with the unique visualization and geographic analysis benefits make it valuable to a wide range to public and private enterprises for explaining events predicting outcomes and planning A Geographic Information System is computer based system which is used to digitally reproduce and analyze a feature present on earth surface and the events that take place on it In the light of the fact that almost 70 of the data have geographical reference as its denominators it becomes imperative to underline the importance of a system which can represent the given data geographically 2 3 Description of the Project Up to date and reliable information is vital for managerial purposes to take efficient planning decisions Researchers policy makers as well as estate managing companies may wish to integrate spatial temporal and socio economic data in order to get better manageability and higher and quality productivity GIS is widely accepted as a tool for the establishment of integrating spatial and attribute data In recent years th
30. ion If Yes Button is pressed gt Delete Data Delete corresponding value from the Database Return Back to the Main Screen Else Return Back to the Main Screen If Report Menu Selected gt Popup Menu Bar Containing all options such as Plucking Pruning etc If Plucking Menu Selected Display Plucking Information of that Section If Pruning Menu Selected Display Pruning Information of that Section If Manuring Menu Selected gt Display Manuring Information of that Section If Spraying Menu Selected Display Spraying Information of that Section If Employee Menu Selected Display Employee Information If Worker Menu Selected Display Worker Information If Search Menu Selected Enter Query Enter the query Get Result Get the corresponding Information from the Database 3 6 Time Scheduling of the Project Work Total Time Five Months 5 January 2006 to 24 May 2006 TESTING CODING DESIGN REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS 1 2 3 4 5 Time in Months Design is the first step in the development phase for any engineered product or system The designer s goal is to produce a model or representation of an entity that will later be built Computer software design changes continually as new methods better analysis and broader understanding evolves Software design sits at the kernel of the software engineering process and is applied rega
31. ire solutions This type driver translates JDBC calls into a database independent network protocol that is sent to a middleware server This server then translates this DBMS independent protocol into a DBMS specific protocol which is sent to a particular database This is by far the most flexible JDBC solution e Type 4 Native Protocol Pure JAVA Driver The type 4 drivers are pure JAVA drivers that communicate directly with the vendor s database They do this by converting JDBC commands directly into the database engine s native protocol The type 4 driver has a very distinct advantage over all the other driver types It has no additional translation or middleware layer which improves performance tremendously Getting a connection using JDBC The 1 step in using a JDBC driver to get a database connection involves loading them specific driver class into the application s JVM This makes the driver available later when we need it for opening the connection An easy way to load the driver class is to use the Class forName method Class forName sun jdbc odbc JdbcOdbcDriver When the driver is loaded into memory it registers itself with the java sql DriverManager class as an available database driver The next step is to ask the DriverManager class to open a connection to a given database where the available database is specified by specially formatted URL The method to open the connection is DriverManager getConnection It
32. ns like Input Report Search and Demand Analysis By selecting the Input menu the submenu items containing Plucking Pruning Manuring Spraying Employee and Worker appears Each of the submenu have three more submenu items Insert Update and Delete through which the user can insert delete and also update several data for the corresponding section of the garden Before insertion updation or deletion of data the user has to prove his access authority by passing through his her user name amp password checking user level Next by selecting the Report popup menu the submenu items containing Plucking Pruning Manuring Spraying Employee and Worker appear By choosing each submenu item the corresponding report of that very section can be viewed Again by selecting the Search popup menu different queries for any section can be asked and the information regarding that very query can be obtained In the main page if the Total Report Button is clicked then a new window appears containing various buttons like Pruning Plucking Manuring Spraying Employee and Worker Just clicking on these buttons the user can get the detail information of the chosen field for the entire garden 10 2 Page Settings of the Package Front Page Information about the Project Administrator Entry Level Main Page Total Map Display Total Report Plucking Pruning Manuring Spraying Employee Worker Segment wise Division Input
33. o December Skiffing can be performed at any time between mid December to mid January 6 3 Spraying Scheduling Pesticide should be sprayed immediately after plucking but foliar nutrients and growth regulators to be sprayed 3 4 days after plucking Pesticide and foliar nutrients better to spray separately Spraying should have to avoid during high sunshine hours Now a day s foreign country avoid buying tea that contains any kind of chemical insecticide So taking precautions from pests and spraying chemical insecticide in advance is less practiced now If the pests suffer any area of the garden then only insecticide is sprayed in that very zone 6 4 Scheduling of Manuring It is important to ensure adequate replenishment of nutrients in the soil removed by harvest In the Darjeeling hills the agro climatic conditions are different from those of plains The cool temperature slows down the organic matter decomposition and the productivity levels are lower as compared to the plain districts Therefore the N levels should not exceed 110 120 kg ha The Table below shows the recommended NPK Manuring in mature tea in Darjeeling K20 kg ha Yield Soil available potash status N P205 Range Medium kg ha kg ha Low High in KMTH 60 100 lt 60 ppm gt 100 ppm ppm Up to 600 Up to 60 20 Up to 60 Up to 50 Up to 35 600 1000 60 90 20 60 90 50 70 35 50 1000 1400 90 12
34. odbc JdbcOdbcDriver con DriverManager getConnection jdbc odbc puguri scott ps con createStatement tiger try if k 1 sl pug1 else if k 2 sl pug2 else if k 3 sl pug3 else if k 4 sl pug4 else if k 5 sl pug5 else if k 6 sl pug6 else if k 7 sl pug7 else if k 8 sl pug8 else if k 9 sl pug9 else if k 10 sl pug10 else if k 11 sl pug11 else if k 12 sl pug12 else if k 13 sl pug13 else if k 14 sl pug14 else if k 15 sl pug15 JOptionPane showMessageDialog Component null Data successfully ps executeQuery delete from plucking where sec_code is deleted DELETION JOptionPane ERROR MESSAGE m con commit catch SQLException e catch Exception e s1 9 4 Code Efficiency Efficiency is a performance requirement When software is built and that is working up to the satisfaction of the user the confidence of the development team goes up While building sophisticated software the efficiency of the code how much memory is used and in how much time it is executing become significant The application should optimize the code by making it smaller and speeding of calculations and displays Coding style can have an effect on execution speed and memory requirement The application is build in Java Swing The image size is a crucial factor in the speed of execution of the application However
35. r any computer and the data should be secured Java is the best available object oriented language It is platform independent 9 2 Coding Style After source code is generated the function of a module should be apparent without reference to a design specification that is the code must be understandable 9 2 1 Code Documentation Internal documentation of source codes begins with the selection of identifier variables and labels names continues with the placement and composition of commenting and concludes with the visual organization of the program The variables declared in the program are given meaningful names as mush as possible For example an object of the class MainForm given the name mainForm so that one can readily understand that mainForm is an object of the MainForm The code are well commented The comments are written using standard Java comments e g and The codes are also well indented with inner codes having higher indentation 9 2 2 Data Declaration While the declaration of data the following order has been followed All explicit declaration All global data All local Arrays 4 All file declaration a Du ues Also while declaring multiple variable names in a single statement the alphabetical ordering of the name has been followed 9 2 3 Statement Construction The statements have been written in multiple formats with each statement one line and proper indentation 9 2 3 Input
36. r is authorized then only he she can delete the data for that corresponding section f PUGURI MAIN DIVISION Segment gt 3 Gwe Project Documentation E f PUGURI MAIN DIVISION Fig Window shows the deletion of the Data for the selected section 5 4 Total Report Generation Details report of the garden can be viewed from the Total Report button of the main form The form given below shows the different fields of the garden s report Be TOTAL DETANS 5 0 0 0 le ns ante Total Pruning details PRUNING eo Y XCreator atanu java ex C Program Files Xino B PUGURI MAIN DIVISION amp TOTAL DETAILS Fig Window shows the Details Report form for different fields 5 5 Detail Reports Details report of the garden can be viewed from the Total Report button of the main form The form given below shows the different fields of the garden s report a 2 TOTAL PRUNING DETAILS 05 03 12005 08 03 12006 03 04 2006 04 05 11952 04 04 12005 05 06 11953 05 06 11954 05 06 11984 16 09 2001 15 07 12002 1710999 09 05 12003 d Start c E G X Creator Gy am amp PUGURIM E TOTAL DET f TOTALPR m z 11 33 AM f amp TOTAL PLUCKING DETAILS aaa 05 06 11951 3256 00 12365 00 05 109 2005 3698 00 58963 00 04 i06 2006 245 00 2345 00 PUGURI M f amp INSERTPR SQ TOTALDET f amp TOTALPL
37. racle can perform hot backups of database file also which means that the backup can be performed while the file are in use This feature enables the system to be available 24 hours a day 6 Distributed Database Oracle enables data physically located in various databases which may even mean different machines on scattered locations to be treated as one logical database The physical structure is hidden from the application program The fact that the data does not reside in the database to which they are connected is transparent to the application programs as far as locking read consistency and rolling back of work is concerned everything is handled automatically by the database system software Again as far as the application developer is concerned the program behaves as if all data were physically located in local database 7 Security Standard Oracle database software provides many security facilities including controlling access to the database determining a command that can be run limiting the amount of sources that can be used by individual processes and defining the label of access to data in the database If the security privileges of Standard Oracle are not enough it will be for the vast major cases the trust option provides even more privileges 8 Database Data Processing Using the constraints and database trigger facilities of Oracle much validation and other processing can be defined when tables are fi
38. rdless of the development paradigm that is used 4 1 Object Oriented Design Object Oriented Design OOD creates a representation of the real world problem domain and maps it into a solution domain that is software In OOD an object defines every real world entity Every object contains a set of data structure that represent the object s property and a set of methods to work upon them 4 2 Database Design The software uses the following tables for storing information regarding the Tea Garden project 1 AREA 2 PRUNING 3 PLUCKING 4 SPRAYING 5 MANURING 6 W_MASTER 7 EMP_MASTER The details of the tables contents are AREA Table Contains information about area of each section of the tea garden Field Name Data Type Null Description SEC_CODE VARCHAR2 10 Not Null Unique Code of the section SEC_AREA NUMBER 5 2 Area of the corresponding section PRUNING Table Contains information about pruning of each section of the tea garden Field Name Data Type Null Description SEC_CODE VARCHAR2 10 Not Null Unique Code of the section L_TYPE VARCHAR2 10 Last pruning type L_DATE VARCHAR2 15 Last pruning date NOW NUMBER S No of workers for last pruning N_TYPE VARCHAR2 10 Next pruning type N_DATE VARCHAR2 15 Next pruning date PLUCKING Table Contains information about plucking of each section of the t
39. returns a class that implements the java sql Connection interface Connection connection DriverManager getConnection jdbc odbc aaa project project A JDBC URL identifies an individual database in a driver specific manner Different Drivers may need different information in the URL to specify the host database For example the JDBC ODBC bridge uses jdbc odbc datasourcename odbcoptions During the call to getConnection the DriverManager object asks each register driver if it recognizes the URL If a driver says yes the driver manager uses that driver to create the connection object Execution SQL Queries To really use a database we need to have some way to execute queries The simplest way to execute query is to use the java sql Statement class Statement objects are never instantiated directly instead a program calls the CreateStatement method of connection to obtain a new Statement object Statements statement connection createStatement A query that returns the data can be executed using the executeQuery method of Statement This method executes the statements and returns a java sql ResultSet that encapsulates the retrieve data ResultSet rs statement executeQuery select sec area from area where sec code pug1 We can think of ResultSet object as a representation of the query result returned one row at a time We use next method of a ResultSet to move from row to row The ResultSet interface al
40. rker_Button Pressed Display Total worker s information Else if Back Button Pressed gt Return Back to the Main Screen If Audio Help Button Pressed gt Sound Play help wav If Mouse Clicked upon a segment Display the Section wise Page If Right Mouse Button Pressed gt Popup Menu Bar Containing all options such as Plucking Pruning etc gt Get option Choose the particular option by mouse move If Input option Selected gt Popup Menu Bar Containing options Insert Update Delete If Insert Menu Selected gt Get User Name Get particular user name from combo box gt Get Password Enter the user level Password Display Insert Screen of a Section gt Get Data Enter data for the corresponding field If Submit Button Pressed gt Put Value Put the value into the Database Else if Back Button Pressed gt Return Back to the Main Screen If Update Menu Selected Get User Name Get particular user name from combo box gt Get Password Enter the user level Password gt Display Update Screen of a Section Update Data Update data for the corresponding field If Update Button Pressed gt Update Value Update the value of the Database Else if Back Button Pressed Return Back to the Main Screen If Delete Menu Selected gt Get User Name Get particular user name from combo box gt Get Password Enter the user level Password Display Dialog Box of Delete Confirmat
41. rst created This allows one setup business rules as he setup data structures The constraints and database trigger remote the need in theory for validation and similar processing to be performed in front end programs 3 2 Software amp Hardware Requirement Specification The requirement analysis task is a process of discovery refinement modeling and specification This phase is also known as feasibility study In this phase the development team visits the customer and studies their system They investigate the need of possible software automation in the given system By the end of the feasibility study they furnish a document that holds the personnel assignment cost project schedule and target dates The requirements gathering processes in intensified and focused specially on software To understand the nature of the program s to be built the system engineer Analyst must understand the information domain for the software as well as required function behavior performance and interfacing The essential purpose of this phase is to find the need and to define the problem that needs to be solved 3 2 1 Computer Based System The word System is possibly the most overused and abused term in technical lexicon A computer based system can be defined as a set of arrangement of elements that are organized to accomplish some method procedure or control by processing information A computer based system often includes th
42. so boasts a multitude of methods that are among the most frequently used for retrieving column values while rs next String name rs getString sec area We should know that the ResultSet is linked to its parents statement Therefore if a statement is closed or used to execute another query any related ResultSet object are closed automatically Handling SQL Exception In program catch block throw two exception ClassNotFoundException and SQLException The former is thrown by the Class forName method when the JDBC Driver class can not be loaded The later is thrown by any JDBC method that has a problem SQLException objects are just like any other Exception type with the additional feature that they can chain An example is shown below Catch SQLException e System out printIn e getMessage Two tier Model The JDBC API supports both two tier models and three tier models for database access In the two tier model a java applet or application talks directly to the data source This requires a JDBC driver that can communicate with the particular data source being accessed An application s commands are delivered to the database and the results of those statements are sent back to the user Application Space Java Application JDBC Driver SOL command Result Set Database Fig Two tier model Three tier Model In the three tier model commands are sent to a middle tier of services w
43. startLoadingSounds void startLoadingSounds try codeBase new URL file System getProperty user dir catch MalformedURLException e System err printIn e getMessage soundList new SoundList codeBase soundList startLoading auFile soundList startLoading aiffFile soundList startLoading midiFile soundList startLoading rmfFile soundList startLoading wavFile public void stop onceClip stop Cut short the one time sound if looping loopClip stopQ Stop the sound loop public void start if looping loopClip loopQ Restart the sound loop public static void main String args new gisproject public void mouseClicked MouseEvent me if looping looping false loopClip stopQ Stop the sound loop else if onceClip null return public void mouseDragged MouseEvent me j public void mouseEntered MouseEvent me onceClip soundList getClip chosenFile onceClip stop onceClip play Play it once loopClip soundList getClip chosenFile looping true loopClip loopQ repaint public void mouseExited MouseEvent me repaint public void mousePressed MouseEvent me new foree mf setVisible false public void mouseReleased MouseEvent me class SoundList extends java util Hashtable JApplet applet URL baseURL pu
44. xture 2 1 2 or 2 1 3 where potash status is low 20 5 1 percent can be sprayed during this period Use of bio fertilizer viz Azotobacter Phosphobactrin Azospirrilium Bacillus megatherium can be quite productive 6 5 Types of Workers There are generally 6 types of workers in any tea garden They are all given the facilities like gratuity bonus provident fund ration free house fire wood and compulsory medical treatment and tea except the casual workers These casual workers are called for work when ever they necessary so they are also called seasonal workers The types of workers are Daily Rated Workers Paid forth nightly Supervisors or Sub staffs Monthly rated Clerical staffs Monthly rated Technical staffs Monthly rated Medical Staffs Monthly rated y AS Ne EOS es Casual or Seasonal Workers Daily rated To get a sharp knowledge about the total system for the completion and betterment of the project we the team members of the project visited the work field Phuguri Tea Estate Mirik Darjeeling two times during the continuation of the project work The first visit of the work field by us was on 30 November 2005 to 1 December 2005 and the second was on 17 April 2006 During these visits the team members met with the General Manager of the Tea Estate and collected various required information for the development of the entire system We collected the information regarding various pruning types and
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