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1. PF keys 48 Assign PF keys on the You can assign functions to the PF control panel keys on the control panel as detailed in the separate table 49 Mic PF1 key You can assign functions to the PF keys on a multifunction mic as detailed 50 Mic PF2 key in the separate table 51 Mic PF3 key 52 Mic PF4 key Split 53 Split freguency transfer Transfer modes freguencies between freguency 54 Permit to write 54 to target pea a O Useful when noe oe one is being used as a slave receiver TX inhibit 55 TX inhibit Inhibits TX which is useful if the transceiver is to be used for RX only as it prevents unintentional transmissions PC data rate 56 COM port communication Select 4400 115200bps speed External 57 DTS polarity In data communications this switches devices the logic for transmission You should match polarity to the external device you are using TX inhibit 58 Busy lockout You can select BSY lockout to inhibit transmission when busy APO 59 APO auto power off Power can be switched off function automatically in the absence of any operations VOX source 60 Select input for VOX Select either the mic or the data input for VOX activation Standby wiring may not be reguired provided that the method used is compatible with data communications Be careful to ensure correct TX delay 33 Functions that can be assigned to PF keys Assigned Use function 0 60 MENU 00 6
2. 60 0dB H Ok 20 0k 40 0k 60 0k 80 0k 100 0k 120 0k Fre uency Separation Looking at Fig 8 results higher up the graph indicate wider dynamic range When the RX frequency is 14 100MHz and for example there is simultaneous interference from two signals at 14 150MHz and 14 200MHz with the nonlinearity of the RX section spurious signals are generated at 14 100MHz and 14 250MHZ enabling reception Since the frequency separation at this point is 14 200MHz 14 150MHz 50kHz the 50 OKHz point on the horizontal axis of Fig 8 corresponds to these conditions Under these conditions if there were interfering signals that were faintly picked up by the other transceivers in this comparison the strength of those interfering signals would have to rise by 10 15dB for the TS 480 to begin suffering the same effects When there is interference in close proximity to the RX frequency there is no difference between these models with one notable exception In this area we are approaching the bandwidth of the roofing filter so to put it another way the fact that we can observe a difference between the transceivers at the 50kHz point where the interference is sufficiently eliminated by the roofing filter reflects a difference in the manufacturers approach to design from the antenna to the 1st mixer It is not just the mixer that determines the characteristics of the front end all of the components between the antenna terminal and the
3. MODEL A 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 TIME fmin Fig 31 Temperature rise of die cast aluminum chassis around GND terminal on rear Fin Temp vs TIME 100 90 TEME C 0 70 60 ro oo 50 C 30 TIME fmin 40 Fig 32 Temperature rise measured at center of the upper case of the main unit Case Temp vs TIME TEMP C d 60 0 50 0 40 0 30 0 cy 20 0 TS 480HX a ee 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 TIME fmin As you will appreciate from these results despite the fact that the TS 480HX has an output of 200W twice that of the comparison model it boasts the same or even better cooling performance It is not only designed not to power down for temperature protection during continuous normal transmission but you can see that we have taken into full consideration the rise in temperature that occurs during continuous transmission Despite the fact that the TS 480 Series is compact it has the same heavy duty specifications as the previous fixed station model Nevertheless electronic components whether from Kenwood or another manufacturer are generally susceptible to heat the higher the temperature the shorter is their working life Therefore in order that you can use the product for a long time we recommend that you adjust output to suit conditions 41 Standalone control panel In the compact size range virtually all transceivers are designed so the contro
4. AM and FM modes you can independently set high and low cut frequencies for the AF filters to suit operating conditions slope tune Fig 20 illustrates how slope tune works When there are interfering signals in proximity to the target signal you can use a high cut filter and a low cut filter to remove the signals above and below the target In SSB mode installing the optional SSB narrow filter results in even better interference reduction In AM mode if you select NAR RX is possible using this SSB IF filter Fig 20 Slope tune in action Listed below are the cutoff frequencies unit Hz that can be chosen default values are shown in bold SSB FM Low cut O 50 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Hi cut 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3400 4000 5000 AM Low cut O 100 200 500 Hi cut 2500 3000 4000 5000 In CW and FSK modes the AF filters function as a VBT changing bandwidth without altering the center frequency In CW mode the center frequency is coupled to the CW pitch whereas in FSK mode it is determined by the FSK tone and FSK shift frequencies Fig 21 shows how it is possible during CW operations to extract a target signal from surrounding interference by changing the AF filter bandwidth WIDTH 26 Fig 21 Switching WIDTH during CW operations Listed
5. but in the case of the TS 480 this is managed by switching the pre amp s NFB gain Fig 9 RX sensitivity TS 480 RX SENSITIVITY USB PRE AMP ON 1 8MHz 60 MHz 0 24 0 22 0 20 0 18 0 16 0 14 0 12 0 10 Sensitivity uV 0 08 0 06 0 04 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Frequency MHz lt Jumpers for joy gt As with the TS 2000 something special has been provided for both the BPF ATT in the BC band and the regular ATT e The BPF has been equipped with an ATT in order to cope with powerful local broadcasting stations in the BC band However a jumper can be used to switch from NORM to DX bypassing this ATT and raising sensitivity by about 20dB e The ATT accessible from the control panel defaults to 12dB but by removing the CN4 jumper it is possible to increase this to about 20dB Fig 10 Jumper locations RF unit X44 3270 00 component surface J72 0874 19 st U m T1 y ie a ma Er id Circuitry after the roofing filter Except for FM the TS 480 has a double super 1st IF is 73 095MHz and the 2nd IF is 10 695MHz For FM there is also a triple super as low as 455kHz This is followed by analog detection and signal processing performed by the AF DSP in a standard arrangement The AF DSP is not optional it is equipped as standard DSP features and characteristics are explained in the DSP section Three newly developed optional filters are available for the 2nd IF Previously there was only one
6. mic Also a function defined by pressing the key for 1 second 72 O MR can be called up instantly For example if you find yourself 73 OMI freguently switching between antennas you can save time if a SPLIT you assign a panel PF key to ANT 1 2 75 A B 76 M V 77 A B 78 SCAN 79 M gt V 80 M IN 81 CW TUNE 82 CH1 83 CH2 84 CH3 85 FINE 86 CLR 87 MTR 88 MHz 89 ANT 1 2 90 NB 91 NR 92 BC 93 DNL 99 OFF No function is assigned to the PF key 35 Making menus easier to use Menu switching There are so many different menu selections and parameters to choose from that it is impossible to remember them all Consequently the menu system can be a little inconvenient when you need to change several settings at once To solve this problem the TS 480 offers two sets of menus A and B Switching between these can greatly simplify operations for example when switching from DX to local from regular to data communications or from fixed station to mobile operations Quick menu The TS 480 offers many menu functions If you Know which functions you use most of the time you can arrange for other functions to be hidden when selections are displayed 36 ll Structural Features Internal structure of the main unit The internal structure of the main unit is straightforward employing a die cast aluminum chassis it is designed so that the circuit boards are attached from both above and below From above
7. of performance and features Kenwood fans would expect of a 400 series model A workhorse transceiver that could prove its worth in a variety of places in the shack in a vehicle in the field this was the TS 480 Series being planned by Kenwood i Development Objectives for the TS 480 Series The following is an explanation of our development objectives distinct from the planning objectives If asked about the origins of the compact HF rig people outside Japan would no doubt think of the Atlas Series Following the Atlas a variety of different products appeared on the market but it is probably no exaggeration to say that Kenwood s TS 50 was the first in the category of the 100W HF compact all mode transceiver It is already more than a decade since the TS 50 was launched Since then successive models have grown increasingly smaller while adding new features and expanding band coverage to include V UHF Today this category has matured to the point of actually forming a definable market What we developed in order to stir up and add fresh stimulus to this market was the TS 480 Series e Why a compact 200W transceiver e Whya 100W model with a built in antenna tuner e Why HF 50MHz coverage The answers to these questions can be found in our planning objectives Lets look at the technical background The TS 480 concept began with development of the TS 570 We first started looking in detail at the technical feasibility not of the 2
8. 10 695MHz optional filter the YK 107C 500Hz This filter was developed at the same time as the TS 790 and since the focus was on its use for V UHF there may have been times when users felt it was lacking when it came to HF operations So when we were developing the TS 480 we redesigned the 500Hz filter greatly improving its shape factor We also used the opportunity to design new 270Hz and 1 8kHz SSB narrow filters Fig 11 graphically illustrates the difference between these filters in the 500Hz band Fig 11 Comparison of optional CW filters 500Hz YR SBG 2 4 Tr 4070 FYR L076 REF 35 0 dam ATT O gB 10 dBy SPAN 5 00 kHz mm U S 78 KEET nev TS VBW 30 Hz YF 10 N for TS 4 iTA h ft KI KW ui SWP ies SPAN 5 00 KHz CENTER 10 69500 MHZ Whereas the TS 570 provided only a single slot for installing an optional filter the TS 480 has two slots meaning that two of the three filters can be installed at the same time And the process of installation itself is quite easy there is no need to remove the main unit since the option installation unit has been designed to be separately removable The photograph in Fig 12 shows the option installation unit This can be used to install not only these IF filters but also a high stability TCXO SO 3 0 5ppm 10 50 C which is optionally available Fig 12 Option installation unit If you unclip the white connectors on either side
9. and remove the screws that hold the board in place you can independently remove the unit for installing the optional filters Since the type of filter is recognized automatically it does not matter in which order you install filters in the slots Auxiliary Features In addition to the basic TX RX circuitry already described the TS 480 is equipped with a number of auxiliary features of considerable practical benefit What follows is an introduction to some of these Full compatibility with digital modes data modes PSK31 and RTTY operations can now be performed with ease using PC software The TS 480 has been designed to make it easy to use such digital modes e External audio input output terminals separate from the mic and speaker terminals are provided For each of these the level can be adjusted in ten steps e You can select special AF DSP filters for use with digital modes Specially provided for PSK31 use is the choice of either a 1000Hz or 1500Hz beat frequency e With the optional CW filters installed you can choose between them even during SSB reception which we have had many requests for e It is possible to switch the VOX function so that it will respond either to mic input or to an external audio signal No special standby wiring is needed for making digital use of this VOX function e When transmitting voice with PTT external input signals are muted Conversely when transmitting using an external input the mic in
10. below are the filter bandwidths unit Hz that can be chosen default values are shown in bold CW WIDTH 50 80 100 200 300 400 500 600 1000 2000 FSK WIDTH 250 500 1000 1500 When the optional CW filters are installed the TS 480 will automatically select the optimum IF filter in accordance with the DSP filter bandwidth Also available are filters for PSK31 and RTTY data mode operations From the menu if you select ON for the Available data communications filters these data communications filters can be used in SSB mode You can choose from 3 center frequencies and 7 WIDTH settings Listed below are the filter types unit Hz that can be chosen default values are shown in bold For data communications Center 1000 1500 2210 WIDTH 50 100 250 500 1000 1500 2400 During PSK31 operations the center frequency is set to either 1000Hz or 1500Hz Furthermore since it is now possible to select an optional CW IF filter in SSB mode it is possible to narrow the bandwidth 27 RX equalizer amp TX equalizer If you use the RX equalizer it is easy to adjust RX audio quality Take your pick from flat default high boost Formant pass bass boost and conventional settings As a new feature the TS 480 actually offers two types of high boost and two types of bass boost TX audio quality can similarly be adjusted
11. connected to your computer Check that you are using a compatible operating system Check that Voice is checked in the ARHP 10 setup window on the host computer Check that KNS VOICE is illuminated in the ARCP 480 display If it is not recheck the host computer operating system for compatibility and also the network settings including the ISP service for the host computer If using a WAN check that KNS will work locally over your LAN If using a WAN check your communications hardware and ISP settings If you are using a router try removing it temporarily to see if that makes a difference Check that Voice is checked in the ARCP setup window Check the modulation line Check that the host PC audio cable connection method in the TX Control frame of the Setup window is the same Bring up the playback and recording control windows on both host and remote computers and try adjusting the levels If the RX audio seems faint and if the Line in terminal is being used for input on the host computer try switching to the Mic in terminal If modulation seems faint during TX and if the Line out terminal is being used for output on the host computer try switching to the Speaker out terminal 58 KENWOOD TS 480 In Depth Manual Published in April 2004 by Kenwood Corporation Communications Equipment Division Unauthorized reproduction is forbidden Copyright 2004 KENWOOD CORPORATION
12. has dispersed through the die cast chassis before being expelled by the twin cooling fans at the rear Fig 26 Cooling diagram Blue Die cast aluminum chassis Red Heat flow from final transistors Brown Circuit boards Gray Air flow from front panel on left As you can tell from this diagram the cooling fans located at the rear must be powerful enough to be able to suck in fresh air through the intakes on the front panel In order to make the TS 480 as compact as possible the mounting density of the internal components has been increased for this reason we decided to install a pair of powerful cooling fans so as to ensure a strong flow of air and the increased cooling efficiency that would result 38 The TS 480HX is equipped with 4 final transistors 2 in the case of the SAT model and the heat produced by these disperses through the die cast aluminum chassis In order to efficiently transfer this heat outside the transceiver cooling fins are absolutely essential We would like to provide as many of these fins as possible but in fact on more than one occasion we have found that owing to space limitations we were not able to fit in the normal complement of cooling fins In the case of the TS 480 in order to make the transceiver compact we provided a single row of tall highly efficient cooling fins right above the final transistors This compensated for the lack of cooling fins dictated by the design restrictions Our decision to su
13. mixer can have an impact Despite the compact design of the TS 480 Series its RX BPF divides up the 500KHZ 60MHz range into 10 bandwidths Since several coils are employed in this BPF circuit small coils have to be used in a compact transceiver When discussing front end linearity attention focuses on semiconductors such as the PIN diode for switching bands but in fact the coils used in this BPF can be nonlinear parts depending on operating conditions Differences in their characteristics become more noticeable the smaller they are In the early stages of developing the TS 480 we looked at the mutual modulation characteristics of a number of coils picking only those that demonstrated the best performance With this compact transceiver it was not possible to use a passive tuner equivalent to what is found in top end models but our emphasis on HF performance was such that we selected components whose advantage cannot even be appreciated from a circuit diagram Fig 9 is a graph demonstrating RX sensitivity Needless to say for HF especially in the low bands there is more importance attached to multi signal characteristics than to sensitivity but obtaining a sufficient level of sensitivity can be vital during mobile operations when one cannot expect much in the way of antenna gain As with previous models sensitivity is set to switch at 21 5MHz with the pre amp on However there is a difference previously the pre amp itself was switched
14. mode will cause the Voice Guide to announce Memory in the channel number Blank if the channel is unused or the stored frequency if it is in use To store a frequency in a memory channel pick the desired channel and once again press QMI you will hear a beep to indicate T and the data will be written to the memory channel It will return to VFO mode when the write has been completed With quick memory mode you can call up a stored frequency with QMR and the Voice Guide will announce Quick Memory the channel number and the stored frequency 8 Variable Voice Guide speed With Menu 16 you can adjust the speed 5 levels of the Voice Guide to suit your preference The factory setting is level 1 Note that as the speed increases the tone of the voice changes 9 S meter level By assigning the Voice2 function to a PF key you can hear the S meter level being read out according to the table below After operating PF VOICE2 Meter level Voice guide Meter level Voice guide Meter level Voice guide 0 SO 7 S5 12 10dB 1 3 Sl 8 S6 13 14 20dB 4 S2 9 S7 15 30dB 5 S3 10 S8 16 17 40dB 6 S4 11 S9 18 50dB 19 20 60dB Other features This is not connected with the Voice Guide but the TS 480 is also equipped with a feature that has proved popular on previous models namely it issues a beep that serves as an SWR alert when an error is detected in Morse mode with AT tune Also the
15. the software now allows you to stretch the log window which is useful when it becomes filled with messages The window can be closed even during transmission by just pressing the ESC key ARCP 480 does not allow direct keying by typing but for it is a fully practical solution Raving Word New Line CTRL ENTER 8JIRL DE JAIYKX TNX UR CALL MY QTH IS CQ CQ CQ DE JALYKX JA1YKX JALYKX PSE K for regular QSO KAMOI MURA Sa ES UR RPT 599 SNN BKTU SJIRL DE JAIYKX J off So Memory Special code input Special code Key Display Special code Key Display BT al AS KN ae AR 2 BK us HH aP SK SN vo 47 4 Reading and writing files With ARCP 480 you can write memory channel and menu data to a file for later recall This does not apply in certain cases when using KNS Compatibility with KNS Kenwood Network Command System KNS is the name for the system that enables remote control of the transceiver over a LAN or WAN ARCP 480 is equipped with the remote functions for this system To use KNS you need to have at least 2 computers the remote one having ARCP installed and the host computer having ARHP installed The basic arrangement is to connect the TS 480 to a host computer which is on a LAN and to install ARHP 10 on this computer ARCP 480 is then installed on the remote computer TX audio 8 ARCP commands RX audio amp control commands te DP Remote PC Host
16. to the instruction manual and the materials available on our website Once you have obtained permission you can use KNS for remote control but please make sure you follow correct operational procedure The above applies to remote control operations within Japan To use KNS via a WAN you must obtain global IP addresses for the computers running ARCP and ARHP to enable external access Note that that when you open a broadband router port you do so at your own risk 50 Using a broadband router Many people using the Internet today use a broadband router hereafter referred to simply as a router but in order to use KNS in a setup that has routers installed at both the host and remote ends you need to configure each end separately With KNS for transmission and reception using the TCP protocol you need to open one port for commands and several ports for VoIP If a router is compatible with Microsoft NetMeeting by setting it up correctly you should be able to make use of H 323 VoIP voice transmission reception For using only ARCP control you open port 50000 default for bidirectional communications using the TCP protocol If you also want to use VoIP audio communications you would normally have to open the following ports Ports 389 522 1503 1720 1731Protocol TCP Direction bidirectional Ports dynamically assigned ports in the range 1024 65535 Protocol TCP UDP Direction bidirectional Note that even if the router is co
17. with the TX equalizer It is easy to make any changes to suit your taste for example mic characteristics can be corrected and you can apply compensation to match the characteristics of your own voice For TX there are now two types of high boost and two types of bass boost so why not give them a try TX EQ Freq Hz 100 1000 10000 The graph in Fig 22 plots overall frequency characteristics from mic input to antenna output illustrating the effect of some of these equalizer settings RESPONSE dB Fig 22 TX equalizer characteristics example If you use the Audio Editor function ARCP 480 available free for downloading the options for equalizing expand even more In addition to a total of 35 types of equalizing samples it offers tools for freely adjusting such parameters as filter type cutoff frequency and amount of attenuation The settings made with the ARCP 480 software can be applied by selecting U user from any of the TS 480 s equalizer menus While it is true that neither the built in equalizers nor the audio editor software provide the same degree of freedom as the graphic equalizers found in audio entertainment equipment they are useful as a means for tailoring audio quality to suit CW auto tune A useful feature for tuning in to another station is CW auto tune There is more than one method for zeroing in on a target frequency such as matching RX beat with sidetone pitch or getting the pitch frequenci
18. 0 The selected menu item can be called up directly making this useful for menu functions that you often use 61 Voice In addition to the automatic Voice Guide you can have frequency and other displayed data read out when you press a PF key 62 Voice2 S meter reading is read out when you press a PF key 63 RX monitor The squelch can be forced open for as long as the PF key is depressed Useful for monitoring when setting CTCSS etc 64 RX DSP monitor The TS 480 will receive using the widest passband available in that mode for as long as the PF key is depressed This is a quick way to check on nearby interference 65 Main encoder You can lock the main encoder This prevents unintentional lock operation of the encoder when the transceiver is being used in a vehicle 66 SEND key There is no SEND key on the control panel but this role can be assigned to a PF key 67 TX tuning Irrespective of the current operating mode and power this function allows you to transmit a continuous carrier at a fixed output Useful for configuring external devices 68 LSB USB toggle Toggle between LSB and USB when LSB USB is displayed 69 CW FSK toggle Toggle between CW and FSK when CW FSK is displayed 70 FM AM toggle Toggle between FM and AM when FM AM is displayed 34 71 TF SET You can assign a function you often use to a PF key on the
19. 0 Freeware PET EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEK EE EEE EEE EEE 45 New Option ARH P 10 Freeware EEE EEE EEE EEE EE EEK EEE EEE EE EEK EEE EEE EEE KE KE 51 TS 480HX rest sun 100m TS 480SAT tuitivautomatcantennatuner I Design Objectives Determination to create a unique transceiver The concept of a compact HF transceiver first saw the light of day with Kenwood s TS 50 From then on such equipment has become an essential part of the Amateur Radio world Equipment has now evolved with the appearance of multi band models In developing this new HF transceiver Kenwood has boldly chosen not to follow this path because we wanted to develop a transceiver unlike any other available If we had developed a product along the same lines as the others currently in the market the customers would not have found it a very attractive buy and few would choose it This is why we wanted to develop a unique and attractive Kenwood product something that would effectively serve to create a new market It was with these thoughts that we embarked on our new project and began to mull over the details It was not to be an easy task After all every engineer involved in development wants to create something special and innovative We had to find a way to put it into practice Back to basics The appeal of HF lies in DX ing The search for a completely new kind of transceiver sounds like it might turn out to be a wild goose chase and in truth it
20. 00W model but of the model with the internal antenna tuner Today there is nothing special about a built in AT but for the TS 570 we developed a relay type AT This replaced the previous motor driven variable capacitor type of AT Naturally this technology was used elsewhere and by other manufacturers but if applied not to TX but to RX also it is possible to use it for receiver front end passive tuning For transmission purposes it is smaller than the conventional type of AT of the time especially with regard to height making it a good choice for building into a compact set In 1996 when on a visit to the US to promote the TS 570 a local salesman asked whether we were next going to put an AT into the TS 50 Well perhaps that was where the TS 480 got its start Achieving 200W output in a compact transceiver In achieving our goal of 200W there was one major constraint namely we could not raise the voltage of the power supply The TS 480 Series was to be sold not only in Japan but internationally If we had been looking only at our domestic market things would have been different since the output of mobile transceivers here is limited to 50W but conditions are different abroad especially in the US In the US since there are no limitations on the output of either mobile or fixed stations mobile transceivers in the several hundred watt class are not unusual A common pattern for operations is not to hook up a 100W unit to a linear amp and mou
21. KENWOOD IN DEPTH MANUAL f tselas sacle Preface This in depth manual for the TS 480 was written by the engineers who actually planned and designed the product It is our hope that this guide will serve to convey the joys of HF and all the benefits of owning and using the TS 480 to whoever reads this guide whether you have already purchased a TS 480 an accomplished operator thinking of buying a transceiver or just thinking of taking up Amateur Radio as a hobby We believe the TS 480 will appeal to everyone CONTENTS Design Objectives ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee EEE EE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EE EE EEE KE 2 Development Objectives for the TS 480 Series CEE EEE EEK KE EEE EEE EEK EEE EEE KE EEK EE 5 Circuitry EEE EKK EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEK EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEK 7 TX circuits EEE EKK EEE EEK EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE KE EEE EE KE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE KE 7 RX circuitry EEE KE KKK EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEK EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEK EEE KE 13 Auxiliary Features EEE EET EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE 19 Features of the Built in DSP CEE EEE EEE EEE KE EE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEK K 21 Tips DE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE KE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EEE EK 28 Structural Features PEERK EEE EE EEE EEE EEK EE EEE EEE KE EEE EEE EEE EEE 36 New Option Voice Guide amp Storage Unit VGS 1 ttt tteteeteesesteseesreesrestertes 42 New Option ARCP 48
22. L http Awww kenwood com i products info amateur html There is ARCP software for the TS 870 and TS 570 as well as for the TS 2000 As with ARCP 2000 and the TS 2000 the new ARCP 480 program allows you to control virtually all of the functions on the TS 480 transceiver What follows is an explanation of the major differences between ARCP 2000 and ARCP 480 Main functions 1 Button layout amp basic operation Just as when one uses the tuning control on the TS 480 to change frequency how one changes frequency with ARCP 480 is very important We have made TUNE the ARCP 480 software easier to use by improving the way you use the mouse to change frequency Click on the tuning control icon to enter tuning mode To raise the frequency keep your finger on the left mouse button while turning the mouse to the right v Similarly to lower the frequency keep your finger on the left button while turning the mouse to the left To return to normal operations exit tuning mode If you want to use a wheel mouse to change frequency you can of course work in tuning mode but even when tuning mode has not been selected the wheel can be used to change frequency by whatever increment has been set in Click Enc Step Step no Note that if the TS 480 is currently in a configuration mode these actions will effectively change the settings But in this case a message is displayed so you can exit from configuration mode before continuing This feature
23. PC 48 When the system is operating RX audio and the commands that control ARCP are sent from the host PC along with the TX audio and commands controlling the transceiver Using this combination of ARCP 480 and ARHP 10 in order to be able to communicate by voice and to be able to hear the sidetone when keying both the host PC and remote PC must be running Windows 2000 SP3 or later or Windows XP SP1 or later For voice exchanges the remote PC must be connected to a microphone for TX audio input and to a speaker for receiving audio These are both plugged into a sound card Accidental continuous TX Inasmuch as KNS is a network based method for performing remote control over a network it is possible that through some malfunction the TS 480 installed on the host end might go into continuous transmission accidentally By setting the time out timer on the TS 480 it is possible to ensure that after the set time period has passed the transceiver will automatically switch back to RX mode The timer count always starts with the commencement of transmission so even in the case of a prolonged but intentional transmission after the set period has passed it will switch back to RX nevertheless it is a good way to prevent the transceiver from going into continuous TX mode In the event that following the start of transmission some network problem arises that prevents you from executing the command for the transceiver to switch back to RX t
24. TS 480 offers a range of beep functions to facilitate operations These include issuing an end stop beep to mark an end stop for options differential beeps to distinguish between ON and OFF when toggling a key or to distinguish between configuration mode and completion when adjusting TX output etc Note For those people who do not require the Voice Guide it is possible to disable it by simply tuming the volume to OFF Just proceed to menu 15 and select OFF 45 ll New Option ARCP 480 Amateur Radio Control Program for TS 480 Freeware Kenwood s ARCP software has Bim proven very popular For the TS 480 we have made some significant improvements releasing it as ARCP 480 m rowe ron Er LSB USB CW FSK FM AM vjl KNS added sa ser k p LOCK TUNELK AUTO REV NAR TUE f ARCP 480 is compatible with the O vl co Kenwood Network Command rT O BSE Perper System enabling control of the T a a AT TUNE SCAN SG SEL WSCAN yi ML T DNL 2 TS 480 over a network and using GKS S PER rr H 323 VoIP making voice ae a rr secant ma af transmission reception possible _vox nee ee PF Operation So that you can enjoy easy control Loa TR SEE of the TS 480 from your computer both ARCP 480 and ARHP 10 programs explained later are available free and can be downloaded from Kenwood s website UR
25. UENCY LOCK OFF whichever is appropriate 4 Menu settings If the MENU button is pressed the Voice Guide responds with MENU plus the menu number and the option If you change the option using the MULTI CH encoder the menu number and option will be announced If the A and v keys are pressed just the option will be read out For the options actually announced for the various menu items please refer to the menu list provided in the instruction manual 5 Split mode If you press a PF key during split operations the Voice Guide will read out VFO S A frequency Here S stands for split mode while A means VFO A 44 6 VFO mode direct frequency entry Let us say you are operating at 7 033MHz and in VFO mode you press the PF key the Voice Guide will announce VFO A or B and 7 033 00 If you use the key pad to input ENT 2 1 1 9 5 ENT you will hear each key announced Enter 2 1 point 1 9 5 and finally Enter On confirming with the Enter key you will hear a beep to indicate T and then the input frequency will be read out Note that in memory channel mode you can also specify channel number for frequency entry 7 Memory channel Let us imagine that the last memory channel you used was 89 Selecting memory channel mode from VFO mode will cause the Voice Guide to announce Channel 89 and the stored frequency Selecting memory scroll mode from VFO
26. ability should go to the nearest service center Note that it is not possible to upgrade to 200W output Also 50W mobile transceiver warranty certification is available for both 200W and 100W models used as fixed stations Ever since the TS 570 Kenwood has adopted a method of converting transceivers to higher output specifications that does not require a kit Conversion cannot be performed by the individual user but because this method does not depend on finding stock of the appropriate kit it is proving popular Antenna tuner TS 480SAT The 100W model is equipped with the relay driven antenna tuner that was developed for the TS 570 Since there is no variable capacitor gears or other rotating parts this antenna tuner is very responsive and trouble free Thanks also to the several preset memories supplied for each band you can instantly call up settings when moving up or down a band You can see the 200W and 100W final sections in Figs 4 and 5 respectively Fig 4 200W final section Fig 5 100W final section with antenna tuner 12 FM circuit There were two approaches used for the FM circuit of the conventional all mode transceiver Either there was a dedicated modulation circuit using a 10 695MHz crystal or the modulation was performed by the VCO on the 2nd OSC The latter was not an option for the TS 480 and since the whole transceiver had to be compact we did not adopt the former approach How then is FM hand
27. aced With a large desktop rig it is no easy matter to shift things around to find the best position so perhaps it would be a good idea to have a separate control panel that could be moved easily Also a desktop unit has various kinds of cables connected to it What with the heat the main unit produces and the noise of the fan etc and considering that it does not have to be on the desk in front of you it would surely be better to separate the control panel and place the main unit elsewhere With the appearance of computers in today s shacks it is certainly desirable to tidy up the desktop as much as possible We felt that we could contribute to this evolutionary process By opting for a completely separate panel we could ensure that it would be large enough to offer sufficient operating ease since its dimensions would not be dictated by those of the compact main unit This was how we arrived at the idea of a standalone control panel that is slightly larger than the main unit Focus on basic performance The appeal of HF lies in DX ing those places near and far For this reason we put a priority on operating ease and basic performance At this point the project team had already excluded any idea of incorporating the V UHF bands Our approach was this Rather than spending development money on the V UHF bands let s spend money on HF performance If someone needs the V UHF bands then they can buy another product that is tailored fo
28. be often used for mobile operations DNL parameters have been tuned so as to have maximum effect on ignition noise However even when used as a fixed station it can be very effective on irregular unanticipated noise so we recommend that you try making use of it in combination with the noise blanker as well Fig 14 demonstrates how ignition noise is reduced by the DNL Fig 14 The effect of DNL on ignition noise DNL OFF DNL ON The DNL works in SSB CW FSK and AM modes and it can be used in conjunction with other interference reduction and noise elimination features Noise reduction There are two methods available for noise reduction NR1 and NR2 NR1 is a line enhancer that employs adaptive filter technology By shaping a filter that lets through signals with a certain amount of periodicity as with voice and CW it can suppress noise that falls outside the passband NR2 employs what is known as SPAC speech processing by auto correlation technology What results from looping one cycle of the RX signal s autocorrelation coefficient is then output as the received audio What this means is that only periodic signals found in the received audio emerge In principle this approach can result in a small amount of noise at the seam where the periodic signal is looped together but in practice it proves extremely effective at noise compression NR1 is a good choice for SSB and other audio signals while NR2 is especially effective w
29. cation for cl xl use with the Kenwood Network Control C Radio R Help H Command System As was _ Radio Status explained in the section on con Model ARCP 480 if ARHP 10 is installed on the host computer it can serve as r Connection Status the host in a KNS connection User Name IP Address 1 Make an audio voice cable amp connect the TS 480 to your PC Sisson Time To conduct voice communications you require a PC with the Windows 2000 operating system or a later Windows OS but in addition you need to connect the transceiver to the PC with an audio cable Kenwood does not supply a cable for this purpose so you must make up one by yourself When doing this D ANI please refer to the wiring diagram on the right CND Illustrated here is the wiring diagram for a cable that uses ANO the DATA connector It is also possible to make up a cable that uses the MIC terminal to make such a cable you will need a RJ 45 crimp tool to attach the connector For the MIC terminal wiring diagram please refer to the instruction manual ao Line in If using the MIC terminal you will need a cable in order to t hear the audio received by the TS 480 this connects the GND ANO transceivers EXT SP terminal to the input terminal on the PC sound card karo Line out 2 Checking LAN settings tf ff In order to operate KNS you must first check the correct GND ANI settings operating system home LAN devices In re
30. d dial with rubber we have further improved operating ease since it provides a good grip and is more pleasing to the touch In addition installed inside this standalone panel is a 66mm diameter speaker Since the speaker grill is on the rear of the panel you might wonder whether it can deliver sufficient volume However when you are actually using the standalone panel you will find that the sound is reflected off your desk the dashboard of your car or the windshield that is indeed loud enough Design concept The standalone panel of the TS 480 Series draws on the design of the TS 2000 While inheriting the best aspects of the former model s design the new series represents an evolution in design with added emphasis on the 3D look sharpness and the power that is associated with 200W output Also the case of the main unit has been given a rounded form so as not to appear simply as a box its design creates the impression of aesthetic unity The TS 2000 was mainly designed for fixed station operations so it has a silver colored control panel The TS 480 is of course expected to be used more frequently for mobile operations so a black color scheme was chosen Black helps to minimize light reflection when used outside in sunny conditions Of course the part of the transceiver that is most frequently touched is the main encoder dial Each one is carefully machined and processed After spin finishing it is treated with titanium colored alumit
31. d the voltage of one power supply drop to zero if the failed supply is DC1 Fig 3 the transceiver is powered down if DC2 fails RX ONLY appears in the display and only RX operations are possible e Should a final amp malfunction if for example the output of one of the final amps fell resulting in an imbalance PA ERROR appears in the display and transmission operations are terminated In addition there is the usual complement of failsafe devices including output control triggered by high temperature high voltage detection and SWR output control These failsafe devices will provide temporary protection for the internal circuitry however should such a situation arise you should not continue using the transceiver but rather deal with the problem in accordance with the troubleshooting guidelines 100W final section Like the 200W final section the 100W final section uses 2SC2782 transistors The drive and peripheral circuits are virtually identical to those in the 200W model enabling 100W output for the HF 50MHz bands For the Japanese market there are 50W and 10W 50MHz 20W models allowing buyers to choose whichever best suits them that is their license and their intended use mobile or fixed It should be pointed out that it is possible to increase the output of these models the 50W model to 100W and the 10W model to 50W or 100W A TS 480 owner who acquires a more advanced license and wants to make use of this cap
32. e The design of this main encoder dial is one of those features the TS 480 has inherited from the acclaimed TS 2000 Of course we were not exclusively concerned with design aspects for example adopting backlit rubber keys with a creamy white base in order to improve visibility and mounting the speaker in the rear of the standalone panel We believe that our design enhances visibility and operating ease in both fixed and mobile operating environments 42 ll New Option Voice Guide amp Storage Unit VGS 1 Developed at the same time as the TS 480 the VGS 1 can be installed as an option Combining in one unit the functions of the voice synthesizer unit VS 3 and the digital recording unit DRU 3A previously offered by Kenwood the VGS 1 goes beyond both of these Lets now take a close look at the functions that are available using this unit Constant recording function gt Haven t you ever wondered if your callsign was being used correctly by other stations while on a DXpedition If you use this constant recording function you can record and playback the last 30 seconds of received audio or transmitted audio sidetone when operating in CW mode allowing you to check what was said afterwards In addition you can use this handy feature for other purposes such as recording memos It could not be easier to use From the menus you set constant recording to ON and then all you have to do is operate the CH3 REC key If you press
33. e customer with a 200W transceiver at a reasonable price As a result of our single mindedness we were eventually able to achieve our goal creating a product of about the same size as the TS 50 and of course it had heavy duty specs Adding appeal to fixed station operations It is now increasingly common to see a PC sitting beside the transceiver in the shack but we wanted to expand the interaction between computers and transceivers It was with this in mind that Kenwood came up with the idea of an Internet remote controlled transceiver You may be away on a business trip but you want to operate or you may want to use a large Yagi antenna out in the suburbs from your downtown apartment In these and many other ways fixed station operations are becoming more varied and more difficult However laws governing radio transmissions vary from country to country In Japan we had just about resigned ourselves to the fact that this could only be implemented as an RX feature when fortunately the law changed starting January 13 2004 both TX and RX operations became possible This made all our development work worthwhile for our market in Japan and worldwide Overview of the TS 480 Series The product concept for the TS 480 Series as outlined can be summarized thus e Not simply a compact HF mobile transceiver like the TS 50 and other transceivers on the market the TS 480 is a completely new type of powerful compact HF transceiver offering the perfo
34. en the ports required for KNS a command port and H 323 control ports if the router is compatible with ee Microsoft NetMeeting inside the router If you must use a router with built in modem try setting up a bridge In this case however some ISPs will not issue an IP address To solve this you can either set up another router compatible with Microsoft NetMeeting externally or have an IP address issued using a PPPoE client A PPPoE client is available as a standard feature of Windows XP Be aware that you do all of this at your own risk modem connected directly to my PC but the modem is 55 cannot get KNS to work It is possible that one of more of the ports required by KNS is blocked Talk to your network administrator to see if the over the Internet connection oe requisite ports can be opened that is provided as a collective service to my apartment block Can use a software based KNS will probably work with your firewall provided that it is firewall set up for the ports required by ARCP and ARHP to be open want to time out TX after a Set the TOT to whatever duration you require However since this simply times your transmission once the time is up it will return the transceiver to RX even if you are in the middle of transmission Is KNS compatible with There is a delay with KNS If you are using a WAN this delay increases so it is not suitable for the various types of digital commun
35. end As explained in the section on development objectives what distinguishes the TS 480 Series are incomparable features and performance that result from our focus on HF Of special note are the dynamic range characteristics in the HF bands demonstrating the fact that despite the compact dimensions of this transceiver there has been no design compromise One of the circuits that is important in determining dynamic range is the first mixer Now there are some compact transceivers covering HF V UHF that are designed to cover all frequency bands with a single mixer Since HF 50MHz is the home turf for the TS 480 Series it has an advantage as in regards to the operating conditions for the mixer Since developing the TS 950 Kenwood has exclusively employed J FET quad mixers and the TS 480 is no exception Fig 7 illustrates the mixer circuit Fig 7 RX 1st mixer RX 1st Mixer O156 e R177 2SK520 K44 RF INPUT ai 0 tu R178 How well does it actually perform Fig 8 is a graph illustrating the dynamic range characteristics when changing the separation of two interfering signals For the sake of reference results for the TS 480 are plotted against those obtained using other compact mobile transceivers on the market under the same conditions Fig 8 RX dynamic range RX DYNAMIC RANGE 110 0dB 105 0dB 100 0dB 95 0dB 90 0dB 85 0dB Dynamic Range 80 0dB 75 0dB 70 0dB 65 0dB
36. ents was not possible however care was taken to preserve the balance for example by employing isometric wiring for patterns in which there are many high frequency currents flowing The device used was the 2SC2782 bipolar transistor Since this has a collector loss of 220W there would a total loss of 880W in a 200W set equipped with four of them this represents more than enough leeway for operations Continuous transmission performance with such a compact design is explained in the section on the TS 480 structure Fig 1 illustrates TX IM characteristics with 200W output at 14MHz while the second graph Fig 2 charts high frequency spurious emissions Fig 1 TX IMD output 200W REF 11 0 dBm TS 480HX 14 2MHz TX IMD OUTPUT 200W 10 dB RBW 100 Hz POS PK V ven VU VV i A We mt ye i 4 li ee Reeve SOS j SWP 15 s SPAN 10 kHz CENTER 14 2010 MHz Fig 2 TX Spurious emissions REF 14 0 dBm TS 480HX 14 2MHz TX SPURIOUS EMISSION 10 dB j jai vi SWP 150 s SPAN 100 MHz CENTER 50 MHz SPS separate power sources T S 480HX only SPS is shorthand for operating at 200W using two 100W 13 8V power sources To generate a 200W output from 13 8V requires a maximum total current of 41A As previously explained the TS 480HX employs a pair of 100W final amps What the SPS design does is to supply these amps from two separate power supplies as shown in Fig 3 below The use of two po
37. es that can be heard when CW reverse is ON and OFF to be the same but it is very easy if you engage CW auto tune when you can hear the other station It just takes the press of a button to make the VFO automatically zero in on the target Note however that there are various limitations associated with this feature for example the tuning range is 300Hz on either side of the pitch frequency and it can be confused by interference so you should learn how to make good use of it 28 I Tips As with other Kenwood HF transceivers the TS 480 provides menu access to its many features By selecting and adjusting these features you can customize the TS 480 so that it fits perfectly into your way of operating a radio Introduced here are tips on how to get the most out of the various items listed in the menus TS 480 menus Group Function Use Operator 00 Brightness of display You can adjust brightness to suit the interface backlighting ambient lighting level Turning i backlighting off reduces power reves Maven OFE consumption by about 30mA 01 Key illumination ON OFF Turning illumination off reduces power consumption by about 30mA Tuning 02 Auto mode Mode can be changed automatically depending on frequency This is more convenient than setting VFO A to CW and VFO B to USB 03 Tuning control adjustment By reducing the adjustment rate you rate can make it easier to tune 04 Frequency step for the main Y
38. etween frequency 400Hz and 1000HZz At the same time sidetone frequency changes with the pitch frequency This can be used to zero in on a target signal by matching the sidetone frequency with the RX beat 35 CW keying weight ratio Change the dot dash weight ratio This is usually set to AUTO 36 Reverse CW keying auto You can change the AUTO setting for weight ratio 39 37 Bug key function Manual TX can be enabled for dashes only 38 Swap dot amp dash paddle Swap the paddle position to suit either position right handed or left handed use 39 Auto CW TX in SSB mode Automatically switch mode to CW transmission by simply operating the paddle 40 Define CW tune frequency Useful if used in combination with 39 as there is no need to operate the dial to zero in on a target FSK 41 FSK shift Standard FSK operating parameters are covered by these menus 42 FSK keying polarity 43 FSK tone frequency FM 44 Mic gain for FM You can adjust FM mic gain 3 levels Data 45 Filter bandwidth for data This enables you to pick the communicat communications appropriate DSP filter for data M communications using the filter switch ions on the control panel 46 AF input level for data Adjust input and output levels connector independently when the TS 480 is connected to a SoundBlaster card or 47 AF output level for data other external device connector 32
39. gards to a LAN by ensuring that each device is set up correctly communications should be possible however if the connection is made via a WAN one can suppose that as a result of various network problems commands and or voice may not get through properly Even in such cases you may find that the problem can be solved by changing the network device settings Depending on the service offered by your Internet provider you may find that you cannot obtain a global IP address or that commands and or voice are not getting through Also if you are using a router to access the Internet in addition to opening the command port for sending and receiving with TCP if the router is compatible with Microsoft NetMeeting by making the appropriate port open setting it should be possible to conduct voice communications when KNS is active Be sure to read carefully the instruction manual before changing the settings on any network device You do so at your own risk 52 3 Adjust PC volume Whether hosting via a WAN or within a LAN it is recommended that you test your setup at least once using a KNS environment arranged with host and remote on the same LAN This should allow you to adjust volume to the appropriate level To adjust terminal level display the recording control confirm that MIC input is selected and adjust the level For speaker output level adjustment adjust WAVE 4 User setup Open the setup window and set the x xi COM port t
40. he ARHP 10 software itself is equipped with a function that after the passage of a fixed period of time will switch the transceiver back to RX mode However please make sure that you can obtain rapid access to the host if a malfunction occurs This software cannot handle every problem that may occur In Japan only For details refer to the laws governing radio transmissions Setting up KNS on the ARCP side First check the LAN WAN Ensure that setup everything is set up correctly referring to the second section on ARHP10 ARCP 480 Help i i Port Band 9600b and the instruction manuals for your network i uk devices KENWOOD NETWORK COMMAND SYSTEM gt Before setting up the host side for KNS you M Use Network Command System Setting should first check with the administrator of the Ta host computer and obtain all necessary information This includes the KNS host address the command port number user name and password and guidance on how to connect the 2 Control pee 1 audio cable C PTT DTS Fast Within the setup window you should fill in the necessary information the KENWOOD ae ee NETWORK COMMAND SYSTEM frame If the To combo box is empty this means that no KNS host has been selected You should input the host for the connection using the Setting and Add buttons In the KNS Connection Settings window you should input the name of the other computer as the connection name
41. hen used with single frequencies as with a CW signal Figs 15 17 demonstrate the effect of applying NR1 and NR2 For comparison purposes the same weak sine signal was received with the audio output monitored by an FFT analyzer 23 wl Hy TEA Beat cancel Beat cancel BC as its name implies is designed to cancel unpleasant beat interference Like NR1 it uses adaptive filter technology tracking a beat and canceling it by shaping It is very similar to a band elimination filter Even if there are multiple beats BC can track and cancel them all However since BC operates at the AF stage should powerful beat interference be experienced during DX operations even though beat cancel works properly by then the AGC has already attenuated both the interference and the target signal To combat this sort of beat IF shift is used to eliminate the interference Figs 18 and 19 show how BC cancels beat signals as monitored by an FFT analyzer You can see how the three beats present in the signal are removed with almost surgical precision Fig 18 BC OFF TY shld Fig 19 BC ON lili iil There are two methods available for beat cancellation BC1 and BC2 These have been tuned so that BC1 is effective against weak or continuous beat interference while BC2 cancels intermittent beat such as a CW Morse signal Note that since BC is designed to remove the beat and does not function in CW mode 25 RX DSP filters In SSB
42. ications or other operations that demand a quick response It is also not recommended if audio quality is a priority set time digital communications PSK31 SSTV etc Is KNS compatible with full Owing to the delays inherent in a network this system is not compatible with full break in For this same reason it is also not recommended for operations that reguire strict TX RX timing contests or pileups Also break in time should be set longer than usual break in or guick break in times 56 Sound The sound does not get through host PC The sound does not get through remote PC First check that the audio cable is connected properly Check what audio input method MIC EXP SP or DATA has been selected for the transceiver e f the DATA terminal is used Use menus 46 amp 47 to check that I O levels are correct e If MIC EXT SP is used Check that AF level and mic gain are correct e Check your computer Check that the computer can produce sound update drivers as necessary Connect the transceiver s RX audio to the input of your computer and bring up the recording control window Check that the input terminal you are using is active and that it is set to an appropriate level Bring up the playback control window make sure that it is not muted and that it is set to an appropriate level Check that you can hear something from the speakers connected to your computer After you have completed the
43. is in the nature of things that such ideas rarely amount to much But as part of our brainstorming we went back to basics What first emerged as a key concept was this The appeal of HF lies in DX ing This is simple to say but maybe more difficult to realize From here the discussion moved ahead rapidly once it was decided to develop a compact HF transceiver According to conventional wisdom a compact HF transceiver is by definition a mobile transceiver and a fixed base station is physically large But we refused to stick to these stereotypes as we fleshed out the concept for a compact HF transceiver designed to make DX ing really enjoyable e Even if it were to be a mobile unit as an HF transceiver we wanted to ensure it would offer the operating ease and basic performance needed to enjoy DX ing e Consequently it should also be able to serve as a fixed station e The typical shack today has been eguipped with a computer and there is not a great deal of room available for a large transceiver This PC transceiver combination would become even more common e Operating both as a mobile and as a fixed station this new model would target customers dissatisfied with the compact transceivers currently on the market This was the concept that we started with Standalone control panel For mobile operations a separate control panel is ideal but what if the transceiver is also to be used as a base station This was the problem we f
44. is only compatible with a genuine Microsoft IntelliMouse and driver 46 2 Changing memory and registered details i T r RX Start Fregunecy 2 _ You can change any registration data from the a EN Freq appropriate window You use this window when p rzanireqerey storing new data in memory Display the me Mote 158 step os z w frequency you wish to register and press M IN ommers Then pick the channel 0 89 you want to write to or TE a and press DISP the memory window right will as ee open This window now allows you to pick split er Name Prpition Le operations If you wish to switch to split mode check the TX End Frequency checkbox and you can then enter the frequency for the TX station as split memory By clicking on the box displaying the frequency you can input the desired frequency and you can also store it As with ARCP 2000 you can input memory names in this window 3 CW keying You can also use ARCP for keying If you think you may have made a mistake while keying ARCP 480 allows you to click the Stop button to prevent the message from being sent although with previous versions of ARCP you could not do this Also you can enter special codes with a few exceptions from the keyboard Since you can now enter BT and other Fie tog G _ Memory m special codes from the keyboard you do Keying Log not have to move your hands from the home position during a QSO Also
45. l panel can be removed and replaced While this is convenient owing to the small dimensions of the main unit the area of the front panel is necessarily limited Consequently in order to access the many functions that are used in HF operations using only a limited number of switches hierarchical menus are unavoidable As explained in the section on development objectives we started out with the premise that the TS 480 would not be limited to mobile applications but that it would be able to serve as a reasonably priced 200W fixed station So rather than going for a simple appearance we decided on a standalone control panel in order to provide true operating ease By separating the control panel from the main unit its size can be decided independently of the cross sectional area of the main unit As a result we were able to realize just about the same operability as one would expect of a conventional base station Naturally at the same time we adopted a large TN LCD thus ensuring a responsive easy to view display For the main encoder we picked a magnetic encoder with 250 pulse resolution made by Copal Electronics Corp using software to quadruple resolution to 1000 pulses per revolution Since this encoder uses the same components used in virtually all of the models in Kenwood s HF fixed station lineup even during mobile operations it should offer the same operability as during fixed station operations In addition by ringing the main encode
46. led by the TS 480 What we have employed for the TS 480 is something that is rarely seen these days in ham radios the reactance modulation approach which does not have the modulation applied directly to the oscillating circuit This type of circuit was widely used in the days when a crystal was used to change channels in FM car transceivers but it dropped from sight when PLL became the norm It is not a new circuit but it has excellent characteristics In the TS 480 this reactance modulation circuit is connected to the output of the DDS which serves as the source for the PLL reference frequency so effectively it is modulating the 1st OSC This approach offers several advantages e Since frequency modulation is not conducted in the TX signal circuitry even if the TX RF signal is passed through a roofing filter it will not suffer from any delay distortion caused by the filter Since there is no need for an oscillator to perform modulation one shot frequency management is permitted when transmitting on FM with the same precision as SSB e This approach saves on space and cost Fig 6 FM modulation block diagram ee VCO1 Q455 ms 2SC4649 2SC4649 0452 IES n 284 a DE p wie VCO 133 095MHz 73 125 F Q451 452 4 6 133 095MHz _ 73 128 133 095mH2_ 2 08 892 1g 2SC4649 N P IC3 PLL W LMX2360TMX Q11 Q7 IC1 CF1 2SC4617 2SC4617 AD9835BRU x D1 e 8 4MHz 4 FM MOD RX circuitry Front
47. mpatible with Microsoft NetMeeting you must open the port for ARCP control for TCP in both directions To conduct voice communications in most instances ports 1503 and 1720 are opened and if needed NAT Network Address Translation set up to enable the two parties to converse via VoIP If you are using a router that is not compatible with Microsoft NetMeeting you may not be able to conduct voice communications via VoIP even with the communications ports open and the correct NAT settings If you are using a router with a built in xDSL modern it may be possible to enable KNS with the correct bridge settings Once you have opened all these ports you must be careful about security Also if you configure a bridge you may require a client and another router externally to use PPPoE authentication When using a PPPoE client refer to the relevant instruction manual to ensure that everything is set up correctly and please remember that you use this feature so at your own risk Note that a PPPoE client is available as a standard feature of Windows XP Before opening router ports and making changes to your PC settings and to your network you should first carefully read the instruction manuals for the hardware And remember you do so at your own risk Should you make a mistake you may cause the network to fail or make it vulnerable to intruders 51 I New Option ARHP 10 Amateur Radio Host Program Freeware ARHP 10 is the host appli
48. ncement You can adjust this to suit your speed preference RX IF filters 17 Use CW IF filter for SSB This is useful for PSK31 operations reception DSP 18 DSP RX egualizer You can adjust frequency equalizers characteristics during reception Select the position that best suits your external speaker headphones 19 DSP TX equalizer As with 18 this is not as versatile as a dedicated graphic equalizer but it is useful for tailoring TX frequency characteristics to match your mic and voice DSP TX 20 DSP TX filter bandwidth As this is AF DSP it is not as versatile filters as IF DSP but it can be used to remove low frequencies during transmit Fine tuning 21 TX power output control You can choose between a SW step TX output and a 1W step Useful for fine adjustment of output when using a linear amp TX control 22 Time out timer This automatically terminates transmission after a set time Useful as a failsafe for network KNS operations Transverter 23 Frequency when using You can change the frequency transverter displayed by the transceiver to the operating frequency of the Transverter Unlike the TS 570 you can set any frequency 24 Output power adjustment for Transverter output is fixed at 5W for transverter the TS 570 but with the TS 480 you can choose output freely within the transmitter s capability 30 Antenna tuner TX hold when internal AT completes tuning After c
49. nge in the options the Voice Guide would read out each item menu menu number option and so forth For the TS 480 however we have changed the Voice Guide algorithm so that it only announces the option enabling swift confirmation without you being forced to listen to unnecessary details being read out Normally Voice1 is assigned to a PF key on the control panel to read out operating frequency channel number the settings for each function and so on However if you reassign a PF key using menu 48 to 62 by switching to Voice2 you can hear the S meter level being read out Introduced here are a few of the benefits of the TS 480 Voice Guide Some of these are automatic while others are accessed by the PF keys 1 Reset When the power is switched on if you press the power switch together with either A B or A B the Voice Guide will automatically respond with the query VFO FULL RESET 2 Configuration mode for TX output etc When the PWR switch is pressed the Voice Guide will automatically respond with TX PWR plus the option If you change the option using the MULTI CH encoder just the new option will be announced With previous models if one pressed the PF key at this point the frequency would be read out but the TS 480 announces the setting plus the option 3 Frequency lock Whenever the MENU button is pressed for more than 1 second the Voice Guide will automatically respond with FREQUENCY LOCK ON or FREQ
50. nt a 200W fixed transceiver in a car Moreover the most common type of vehicle is a pickup with a 12V battery so people expect to obtain a 200W output with a regular 13 8V power supply If one thinks of the way people operate such transceivers here in Japan a question arises Why add that much power if it cannot be used as a mobile rig The TS 480 has been designed with a priority on operating ease One reason for this is that we saw the TS 480 being used as a fixed station in Japan where 200W mobile operations are not permitted Most 200W HF transceivers are high end and their price reflects this But in the workhorse class most models offer only 100W output So we can say that our new product can fulfill the wishes of those who have received an advanced permit and thus want a 200W rig as long as it is not expensive 6 Focusing on HF Raising power output and adding an antenna tuner are both moves in the right direction but limiting the transceiver to the HF bands when the mainstream nowadays is HF V UHF would seem to be going against the tide of the times Yet opting for the multi band route inevitably leads to larger dimensions and higher prices In this genre price is an important factor so by limiting the TS 480 to HF we developed what is in fact a compact transceiver that stands apart from the competition The TS 480 is designed to ensure not only excellent TX performance but also superior RX performance I Circuitry TX circui
51. o be used for commands whether or not to use voice Com Port TCP IP Port No IP Address 192 168 0 1 communications session time and 5 vw ort No 50000 whether or not to keep a log By clicking Bad 9600s Porto on Add you can then input the name Option and password of the user to connect au S Cniinuted a The host administrator then informs the Log C Temp By remote PC user of the above user name Users and password as well as other relevant information such as how to make up an audio cable for use with either the DATA terminal or MIC EXP SP The remote PC user can then connect to this host using the information provided Note that a red X mark within the user frame indicates that this user is temporarily barred from connecting to the host After the setup is completed you can return to the main window and click on CON the button will then appear yellow This completes the setup the host is now ready for the remote PC user to make a connection Once the audio cable has been made up connect the various cables to your PC as illustrated below In addition connect your PC to the TS 480 with an RS 232 cable User Name UserName Description x UserName2 Description2 53 KENWOOD NETWORK COMMAND SYSTEM Connection with TS 480 wer ANO GND Line in a Mic in il Line out Spk out BRA Game Midi sai i Sound Card 54 T
52. ompletion of tuning there is still approximately 10W of output so this is useful if you want to go on to tune the linear amp 26 In line AT while receiving The intemal antenna tuner can also be used during RX Depending on conditions sensitivity can vary by enough to see a change in the S meter It can also reduce low frequency interference 27 External AT control method If you own an AT 300 you can connect it to the TS 480 however operation is limited by the capabilities of the AT 300 Linear amp Linear amp control for HF band 29 Linear amp control for 5OMHz band You can control the linear amp independently for the HF and 50MHz bands And if the amp is not compatible with full break in you can add in a delay for the TX attack Message playback 30 VGS 1 constant recording With the VGS 1 Voice Guide and storage unit installed you can engage constant record for the RX signal Maximum playback time is 30 seconds 31 Repeat playback of voice CW messages This is not just for contest CQ machines it can be used as a simple beacon 32 Interval time for 31 Interval time can be adjusted up to a maximum of 60 seconds 31 CW 33 Keying priority over playback Without switching off the repeat playback for messages you can start keying 34 CW RX pitch TX sidetone Select RX pitch freguency b
53. one can see the TX RX unit the filter unit and the relay unit seen from below there are the RF unit and the final unit or final AT unit in the case of the SAT model There is also a separate display unit in the standalone control panel Figs 23 25 illustrate the arrangement of these units Fig 23 View from above both models i Fig 25 View from below TS 480SAT 37 Cooling In developing the TS 480HX the most important issue when it came to structural design was how to arrange for sufficient cooling In order for this transceiver to be capable of 200W output and yet have the same compact design as the TS 50 we examined dozens of different cooling fans various circuit board patterns and a variety of different cooling fan layouts After conducting several hundred different types of heat dissipation tests we finally decided on the present structural design of the TS 480 The principle features of this structure are as follows e Improved cooling efficiency as a result of employing twin cooling fans e Concentration of efficient cooling fins in one location since space limitations meant that a normal fin arrangement was not possible Fig 26 illustrates how the TS 480 is cooled The air that is sucked in through the front panel and the top and bottom of the case directly cools the surface of those internal components that are generating heat such as the final section At the same time it absorbs the heat that
54. ou can change frequency with the encoder in FM mode main encoder in the same way that you can change channels 05 Frequency rounding for the With this switched OFF if you MULTI control accidentally change frequency with the MULTI control you can return to the original frequency 06 Frequency step size for BC When ON frequency step size is band 9kHz When OFF step size is determined by the STEP value The factory setting for US models is OFF for other markets ON is the default Memory 07 Temporarily change memory Switch ON to operate a frequency in channels frequency memory without transferring it to a VFO Scan 08 Program slow scan Useful for 50MHz scanning functions 09 Program slow scan setting You can choose how much to slow the scan 10 Program scan hold You can pause the scan for 5 seconds a handy way to avoid missing a signal 11 Scan resume method You can switch between time operated and carrier operated scan resume to suit your purpose 29 Volume 12 Beep output level You can adjust this to suit your adjustment preference 13 Sidetone volume For full break in it is easier to hear the sidetone if you raise this volume 14 VGS 1 message playback You can check what has been volume recorded 15 VGS 1 announcement Switch this OFF if you do not need volume announcements while working the radio 16 VGS 1 annou
55. put is muted thanks to this feature there is no need to disconnect the mic during digital mode operations Note that if you put an external input on standby using the mic PTT it will not be modulated sometimes users have queried as a possible fault but it is not Features useful for 50MHz operations e You discover a DX CW signal during a USB band search The TS 480 has a feature that is perfect for such times you can automatically switch to CW transmission by just keying the transmitter key down with your CW key keyer or CW computer program e When scanning 50 110 50 150 with the SSB program scan if you want to watch carefully at 10kHz intervals just use a slower scan speed This is also possible with memory scan but in that case you cannot hear frequencies in between This allows you to set the scan speed slower by up to 5 points for selected frequencies e The noise blanker which has a reputation for being very effective in combating even weak noise is now even better we have added the ability to adjust the threshold level Features useful for mobile operations e The TS 480 is equipped with a newly developed DNL digital noise limiter Although the principle and operation of this DNL is quite different the effect is somewhat like the old ANL audio noise limiter Pulse noise is handled by a standard noise blanker but if you find this is not working very well as a result of a strong signal overlap or because of different type
56. r these bands This meant we had confidence that our product would offer more than enough punch to perform well even on grueling DX peditions The 200W challenge As explained our initial starting point was a desire to create a transceiver like no other But we would not have succeeded in meeting this objective with just a standalone control panel and an emphasis on basic performance We needed something more if we were to make the product truly special and stand out from the crowd The answer was to be found in the realization that DX operations depend on basic performance and power Real power in a transceiver is something that many people look for So a radical proposal was made Rather than making the output 100 watts let s go all out for 200 watts But in fact the only transceivers on the market with 200W output were the expensive high end models What we were developing was a compact transceiver We seemed to have run up against a wall Did this mean that in terms of size and cost we would inevitably end up creating a high end transceiver After long discussions we made a straightforward decision to challenge the status quo If conventional wisdom dictated that a 200W output was only available from a high end transceiver then we would change that dynamic At this point we could not see how this could be possible but we stuck to our conviction that a 200W transceiver did not have to be expensive We were determined to provide th
57. rmance and features required for HF DX operations e TX output of 200W HF an astounding figure and up till now only available from the top of the line models e Transceiver remote control In order to realize all three of these we started the design process with the following planning objectives 1 Priority on basic performance that stresses the 1 8 50 MHz range 2 Dynamic range on a par with the TS 950 3 Uncompromising RX performance AF DSP as standard 4 A control panel design that ensures top notch operating ease so that desired functions can be accessed instantly 5 Support for a range of different operations as a mobile station and as a full fledged base station allowing the user to enjoy HF DX as much as with a conventional fixed station 6 A quantum leap in power output in a compact chassis generating 200W even when working off a DC 13 8V supply in the USA there are no limitations on the power output of mobile transceivers so it is being described as a power mobile 7 Internal automatic tuner for the 100W model to make it more versatile and expand the range of possible applications and 8 Remote control via the Internet As for the name of the new series which was intended to reflect our planning objectives we decided on the 400 s in order to express continuity with the popular TS 450 workhorse transceiver This was because the new product was not simply a compact transceiver but would offer the sort
58. roubleshooting Listed below are typical problems that you might encounter Network amp Operations Problem Is it possible to use an analog We recommend a broadband connection Otherwise if you have a narrowband connection of about 50kbps it might work though this will depend on network traffic conditions You must also expect to encounter some noise and to lose audio contact intermittently have broadband but is it Yes it is compatible provided that your ISP provides a compatible global IP address VoIP ports and a command port Can use my router with We do not guarantee that KNS will work through a router KNS Nevertheless if your router offers DMZ or virtual computer features you may be able to set it up by yourself to enable KNS to work properly You will have to make the required adjustments referring to the instruction manuals for the devices you are currently using at your own risk Generally speaking you can use any modem that is compatible with Microsoft NetMeeting If your operating system is XP switch off the ICF personal firewall provided by Windows With a high speed modem If the ICF personal firewall of Windows XP is switched connected directly to my PC on you should switch it off however be aware that this running Windows XP KNS can represent a security risk does not work dial up connection am using a high speed e Switch to a modem that is not inside a router e Op
59. s combine there are in fact different ways to do this For example you can take a pair of 100W final circuits and connect in series the secondary circuit of the output transformer in phase to double the output thus producing 200W When we actually experimented with this we found that it worked okay Frequency characteristics were good However using this method means that one cannot provide isolation between the amplifiers So what we finally adopted was the old standby in situations like this namely a wideband hybrid combiner The circuit for this combiner is straightforward if you reverse the input and output it will actually work as a splitter For the TS 480HX we put together a 200W output final circuit by using this type of combiner on the input output of a pair of 100W final amplifiers For the 50MHz band we have limited the output to 100W because of the heat that we knew would be generated from loss A hybrid combiner only works on the condition that the two signals are identical in amplitude and phase Since our final section was to operate in the HF 50MHz bands it would qualify as wideband in terms of frequency but there would be some concern for the balance frequency characteristics However this sort of power combiner has been used before for general applications so in that sense it is an approach that can be adopted with some confidence When it came to the actual design mounting an ideal symmetrical layout of the compon
60. s of noise you should give the DNL a try In some cases by processing audio signals with the DSP one can effectively eliminate pulse noise For details see the DSP section 20 e TX tuning is a handy feature to have It outputs a low power continuous carrier for adjusting a screw drive or similar antenna It allows you to transmit a continuous carrier that is independent of the mode and power of your current operations Simply assign a PF key to this function e No paddle but you want to give CW a try No problem With mic paddle mode you can use the up down keys on your microphone as a simple paddle New 5MHz band US versions are compatible with the new 5MHz band this also goes for the antenna tuner 21 ll Features of the Built in DSP 6 DSP circuit e x The digital signal processor eguipped on the TS 480 is the 16 bit fixed point TMS320VC5402 from Texas Instruments which offers excellent value for the money Running at 100MHz it provides double precision arithmetic operations equivalent to 32 bit processing making it more than capable of serving as an AF DSP Thanks to this the TS 480 offers many powerful features of use in HF operations Ideal for mobile operations DNL ED When you hear the crackling of ignition and other types of pulse noise it is possible to remove it using the noise blanker NB however this does not work in all cases Depending on the type of noise or if there is a very strong signal clo
61. se by the pulse noise may remain and be demodulated This can result in an unpleasant sound being emitted from the speaker thus reducing the clarity of your target signal In such cases the DNL digital noise limiter can reduce pulse noise that has been demodulated at the AF stage effectively extracting your target audio signal Fig 13 is a block diagram illustrating in principle how the DNL operates Fig 13 Principle of DNL operation Delay device Calculation of Removal Derivation of amplitude of DC attenuation variation component coefficient Delay device a 22 First the input signal is divided into its low and high frequency components Ignition and other pulse noise tends to be concentrated in the latter from which amplitude variation is output The attenuation coefficient derived from this signal is multiplied by the input signal As soon as pulse noise occurs the attenuation coefficient rises instantaneously thus damping the amplitude variation in the input signal Because of this adaptive processing performed by the DNL and based on the amplitude variation the output signal has virtually none of the digital feel that is often the mark of digital signal processing It is perhaps only natural to associate this DNL with the old noise limiter technology but as explained it works on a completely different principle performing the sort of advanced processing that is only possible with DSP Because the TS 480 will
62. se checks mute the PC output Check that you are using a compatible operating system Check that Voice is checked in the ARHP 10 setup window If using a WAN check that KNS will work locally over your LAN If using a WAN check your communications hardware and ISP settings If you are using a router try removing it temporarily to see if that makes a difference Check that KNS VOICE is illuminated in the ARCP 480 display If it is not recheck your operating system for compatibility and also your network settings including your ISP service First check that the host audio is connected properly Check what audio input method MIC EXP SP or DATA has been selected for the transceiver on the host side e f the DATA terminal is used Use menus 46 amp 47 to check that I O levels are correct Normally there would be no need for the remote PC user to think about this e If MIC EXT SP is used Check that AF level and mic gain are correct e Check your computer TX RX audio breaks up is distorted or faint Check that the computer can produce sound update drivers as necessary Connect a microphone to the computer and bring up the recording control window Check that the input terminal you are using is active and that it is set to an appropriate level Bring up the playback control window make sure that it is not muted and that it is set to an appropriate level Check that you can hear something from the speakers
63. spend the filter unit was made in order to fit in as many cooling fins as possible by packing in the components Figs 27 29 are photographs of the TH 480HX die cast aluminum chassis The final transistors are positioned on the four raised areas circled that can be seen in the middle of the chassis underside On the opposite side to the final transistors running across the middle of the upper side of the chassis can be seen a row of relatively tall flat cooling fins Coal gg mie Fig 29 Fin AW The air that is sucked in from the front is divided into two flows one through the top of the chassis and the other through the bottom The upper flow of air must pass through these high efficiency cooling fins absorbing the heat from them before it is expelled to the outside These fins which also serve as a partition between the TXRX unit and the filter unit are set diagonally so as to offer a degree of shielding 39 Now let s have a look at the rise in temperature of the different parts when the TS 480HX transmits continuously 14MHz for 30 minutes at 200W To provide a comparison plotted on the same graph is test data compiled for a compact 100W model designed so as not to power down during continuous transmission at 100W Fig 30 Temperature rise around final transistors Final Temp vs TIME 100 0 90 0 80 0 i O IE as _ p V TEMP C 70 0 60 0 50 0 40 0 30 0 20 0 a 10 0
64. the CH3 REC key for more than one second the last 30 seconds of audio data is recorded in flash ROM Then when you press the CH3 REC key the audio data recorded in flash ROM is played back The audio data in held in flash ROM until it is overwritten by a fresh recording Note that when recording to flash ROM or when other VGS 1 functions are in use constant recording is temporarily paused Message recording playback function If beforehand you record standard CQ messages such as your callsign in the voice message memory you can transmit them repeatedly at will a feature that is extremely useful for DX peditions and contests The main features of this message recording playback function are as follows e There are three recording channels e You can record up to 30 seconds in each channel using all three channels this allows a maximum of 90 seconds for message playback e Used in conjunction with VOX message playback can be used to switch between TX and RX e Repeat playback is possible e You can adjust the interval for repeat playback 0 60 sec and e You can adjust recording level With VOX on repeat playback on and the interval set appropriately if you play back a prerecorded message repeatedly the TS 480 will automatically switch between transmitting the message and waiting for a response There is thus no need to sit in front of the mic and actually repeat your message over and over again Even when you use a microphone with lo
65. together with its description For the address input the IP address of the other computer You must also input user name and password If you are going to use voice 49 communications and the operating system on x either end is compatible check the Voice box s r Setting List It is possible to enter the description using double byte characters For the address it is connects Nast Description also possible to enter the domain name provided that it can be resolved by DNS Once you have finished return to the setup window select the other computer in the To combo box and check the box labeled Use Network Command System In the TX Control frame check DTS if the audio cable is connected to the data terminal of the transceiver check PTT if it is connected to the mic and EXT SP terminals When you are finished click on OK The next step is to make the connection by clicking on CON as you would with any other ARCP software If a normal connection is established the green indicator lights on the CON button When you are connected using the KNS system certain functions are not available For details refer to ARCP ARHP Help xi Connection Name JALYEKX Description JATYKXs KNS Host Address VAPA XXX YYY ZZZ IP Port No s0000 User Name your user name Retype Password Ak In order to remotely control a transceiver via a Cancel WAN you must apply for permission For details refer
66. ts 200W final section Explained here is the circuitry for the 200W final section the crown jewel of the TS 480 Series This circuit is responsible for developing 200W output with a DC 13 8V power supply Of course various approaches are possible The typical one would be to use a high voltage 28V or more with the FETs in a push pull arrangement However we did not adopt this approach since a DC DC combination that raises the voltage to 28V exclusively for this purpose was considered inappropriate for a compact rig The final section of a regular transceiver delivers 100W from 13 8V so the normal approach would be to use this as the basis for a 200W design Hence we considered the pros and cons of using 4 final devices each with 50W output to produce a total of 200W will not go into details here but following our calculations and tests we discovered that simply hooking up the devices in parallel would not be a practical solution because of issues related to the output transformer The solution we finally adopted was to have a pair of 100W final sections with a standard push pull arrangement combining these to obtain an output of 200W Since this is the most popular method we should perhaps have adopted it from the start but having no past experience with a transceiver producing 200W from a 13 8V supply we looked at the design issues from various angles including performance quality size cost and manufacturability When one simply say
67. w sensitivity to record a message the TS 480 is designed to set the appropriate recording level Normally this recording level is automatically linked to the mic gain setting so if you wish to adjust recording level manually you should adjust mic gain while recording is in standby In message recording mode the ALC meter scale serves as a recording level meter As you speak into the microphone adjust mic gain so that the recording level just crosses into the MAX zone occasionally Even when you record in this zone the AGC is designed to keep audio distortion to a minimum 43 Voice Guide Kenwood s Voice Guide function is not the same as the basic versions fitted in some transceivers merely to announce the frequency Of course we have included a frequency guide but we were convinced that a Voice Guide is an obvious and essential feature for the menus and function settings that are so crucial for daily operation The TS 480 has inherited intact those Voice Guide features that have proved so popular in other models However in addition we have enhanced the Voice Guide functions for the different configuration modes and by making it possible to vary the speed 5 levels we have made sure that this rig is even more user friendly We have programmed the TS 480 Voice Guide so that it only announces what has been changed in configuration mode menus etc Thus items that are unchanged are not read out Previously even if there had only been a cha
68. wer supplies may appear inconvenient but in actual fact this arrangement is quite practical Many customers already possess a 100W class power supply so when they acquire this 200W transceiver they do not have to make an additional purchase of a new 200W class power supply It is possible for them to make use of the 100W unit in their possession The PS 53 power supply is specified for the TS 480 however as long as it can produce 20 5A or more continuously at 13 8V other power supplies can be used Also it is possible to operate this transceiver using a single power supply that can produce at least 41A continuously note however that two power cables would still be needed Fig 3 SPS schematic diagram DC1 connector Chassis DC2 connector DC power Toy Final 1 Other circuits 13 8V 220 5A supply 2 13 8V 220 5A Failsafe device some TS 480HX versions only The use of two power supplies and two final amps in parallel is something that has not been tried before and naturally there may be some anxiety on the part of the user regarding what would happen if just one of the power supplies suddenly failed Such a situation would be handled safely since the TS 480 series is equipped with several failsafe devices Should a difference of 1V or more be detected between the two power supplies RX ONLY appears in the display and transmission operations are inhibited Shoul

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