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1. Abaqus 6 12 Glossary 2 DS SIMULIA Abaqus Glossary Legal Notices CAUTION This documentation is intended for qualified users who will exercise sound engineering judgment and expertise in the use of the Abaqus Software The Abaqus Software is inherently complex and the examples and procedures in this documentation are not intended to be exhaustive or to apply to any particular situation Users are cautioned to satisfy themselves as to the accuracy and results of their analyses Dassault Syst mes and its subsidiaries including Dassault Syst mes Simulia Corp shall not be responsible for the accuracy or usefulness of any analysis performed using the Abaqus Software or the procedures examples or explanations in this documentation Dassault Syst mes and its subsidiaries shall not be responsible for the consequences of any errors or omissions that may appear in this documentation The Abaqus Software is available only under license from Dassault Syst mes or its subsidiary and may be used or reproduced only in accordance with the terms of such license This documentation is subject to the terms and conditions of either the software license agreement signed by the parties or absent such an agreement the then current software license agreement to which the documentation relates This documentation and the software described in this documentation are subject to change without prior notice No part of this documentation may be reproduce
2. G 69 About SIMULIA SIMULIA is the Dassault Systemes brand that delivers a scalable portfolio of Realistic Simulation solutions including the Abaqus product suite for Unified Finite Element Analysis multiphysics solutions for insight into challenging engineering problems and lifecycle management solutions for managing simulation data processes and intellectual property By building on established technology respected quality and superior customer service SIMULIA makes realistic simulation an integral business practice that improves product performance reduces physical prototypes and drives innovation Headquartered in Providence RI USA with R amp D centers in Providence and in V lizy France SIMULIA provides sales services and support through a global network of regional offices and distributors For more information visit www simulia com About Dassault Systemes As a world leader in 3D and Product Lifecycle Management PLM solutions Dassault Syst mes brings value to more than 100 000 customers in 80 countries A pioneer in the 3D software market since 1981 Dassault Systemes develops and markets PLM application software and services that support industrial processes and provide a 3D vision of the entire lifecycle of products from conception to maintenance to recycling The Dassault Systemes portfolio consists of CATIA for designing the virtual product SolidWorks for 3D mechanical design DELMIA for virtual production SIMU
3. In general contact definitions in Abaqus a set of rules governing the adjustment of surface positions at the beginning of the analysis Contact initialization 1s intended to provide minor corrections to slight overclosures or gaps caused by mesh discretization For more information e Controlling initial contact status in Abaqus Standard Section 35 2 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Controlling initial contact status for general contact in Abaqus Explicit Section 35 4 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Contact initialization editor Section 15 9 5 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual contact pair Two model surfaces that can interact with each other according to mechanical thermal electrical or pore fluid contact properties For more information e Defining contact pairs in Abaqus Standard Section 35 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Defining contact pairs in Abaqus Explicit Section 35 5 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual context bar A region of the Abaqus CAE GUI located directly above the canvas and drawing area that contains a Module list from which you can select a module other items in the context bar are a function of the module in which you are working Abaqus Viewer contains only the Visualization module For more information Components of the main window Section 2 2 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual context sensitive help A detailed set of instructions that
4. s Manual base solution variable The variable selected to use in the calculation of the base solution of a process Base solution variables are expressed as element averages of the base solution and identified by an AVG suffix for example MISESAVG For more information e Solution accuracy in Error indicator output Section 4 1 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual basic manager An Abaqus CAE dialog box that contains lists of all the objects of a certain type that you have created in the current model The basic manager also contains Create Edit Copy Rename and Delete buttons that you can use to manipulate existing objects and to create new ones See also step dependent manager For more information e What are basic managers Section 3 4 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual BC See boundary condition beam sections The area properties for the cross section of beam elements For more information Meshed beam cross sections Section 10 6 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Choosing a beam cross section Section 29 3 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual bias factor A factor defined in an adaptive remeshing rule that determines the distribution of element sizing between the locations of minimum and maximum solution intensity GLOSSARY For more information e Bias factor in Solution based mesh sizing Section 12 3 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual bias
5. A PNG file consists of color information and a compressed bitmap representation of the image Abaqus CAE allows you to save images of selected viewports in PNG format files For more information Printed image formats Section 8 1 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual position constraint A constraint used to prescribe the relative positions of part instances during assembly in Abaqus CAE For more information How the position constraint methods differ Section 13 4 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual positioning point A point that locates the first fastening point of mesh independent fasteners A positioning point can reside on the first surface to be fastened or it can reside close to the first surface and be projected along a normal or a user specified direction For more information e Specifying the positioning points projection method and fastening points in Mesh independent fasteners Section 34 3 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual PostScript A page description language developed by Adobe Systems that offers a flexible font capability and high quality graphics PostScript uses English like commands to control page layout and to load and scale outline fonts Abaqus CAE allows you to print images of selected viewports directly to a PostScript printer or to save the same image in a PostScript format file For more information Printed image formats Section 8 1 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual p
6. 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual multi point constraint A constraint that allows you to constrain the degrees of freedom of the slave nodes of a region to the degrees of freedom of a single point or multiple points For more information e General multi point constraints Section 34 2 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual native mesh The meshed representation of a part instance You create a native mesh by discretizing geometry using the Abaqus CAE Mesh module You use the Mesh module to mesh native parts that you positioned in the assembly A native mesh and its attributes are feature based and a native mesh maintains its association with the original parts and with the assembly For more information e What is feature based modeling Section 11 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 40 GLOSSARY native part A part created using the Abaqus CAE Part module Abaqus CAE stores each native part in the form of an ordered list of features The parameters that define each feature extruded depth hole diameter sweep path etc define the geometry of the part For more information e What is feature based modeling Section 11 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual NLGEOM An abbreviation for geometric nonlinearity node set A named collection of nodes For more information Node definition Section 2 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 73 The Set and Surface toolsets of th
7. Abaqus CAE parameter refers to modifiable parameters that define features for example the length of an extrusion It is also used in the term edge parameter to describe a position along an edge expressed as a fraction of its length See also keyword parameter to learn how parameters are used in Abaqus input files and see input parameter to learn how they are used in Abaqus Design For more information e Input syntax rules Section 1 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Chapter 65 The Feature Manipulation toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Parasolid A solid modeling system developed by Unigraphics You can import Parasolid format parts generated by Parasolid Version 7 through Version 13 You cannot export parts in Parasolid format G 43 GLOSSARY For more information e What kinds of files can be imported and exported from Abaqus CAE Section 10 1 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual mporting parts Section 10 7 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual parent feature See child feature part The geometry building blocks of an Abaqus CAE model You assemble instances of parts to create an assembly that you can then mesh and analyze For more information Defining an assembly Section 2 10 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Understanding the role of the Part module Section 11 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual part instance A reusable co
8. Abaqus CAE viewport object that indicates the current orientation of the model in the viewport You can manipulate the view of the model by clicking and dragging different elements of the compass The compass performs certain view manipulations that are not available using the other view manipulation tools including rotating the view about a fixed axis panning the view along a fixed axis and panning the view within a fixed plane For more information e The 3D compass Section 5 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual 3D XML An Extensible Markup Language based format for encoding three dimensional images and data You can export model images from an Abaqus CAE viewport to a 3D XML format file For more information e What kinds of files can be imported and exported from Abaqus CAE Section 10 1 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual e Exporting viewport data to a 3D XML format file Section 10 9 5 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual A Abaqus AMS An add on analysis capability for Abaqus Standard that allows you to select the automatic multi level substructuring AMS eigensolver when performing a natural frequency extraction For more information e Automatic multi level substructuring AMS eigensolver in Natural frequency extraction Section 6 3 5 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Abaqus Aqua An add on analysis capability for Abaqus Standard and Abaqus Explicit for
9. Output Section 4 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Understanding the files generated by creating and analyzing a model Section 9 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Diagnostic printing Section 14 5 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual midsurface model A shell model with thickness and offset definitions used in place of a solid model in an analysis The midsurface model is intended to provide a simplified model that reduces the expense of an analysis without compromising the results For more information e Chapter 35 Midsurface modeling of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual mixed interface substructure dynamic modes Substructure dynamic modes in which only some of the retained degrees of freedom have been constrained while others have not been constrained For more information e Defining substructures Section 10 1 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual model A collection of the data that are needed to conduct an analysis also refers to the physical object being analyzed For more information Defining a model in Abaqus Section 1 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e What is an Abaqus CAE model Section 9 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual model data A portion of an Abaqus Standard Abaqus Explicit or Abaqus CFD input file that defines a finite element model the elements nodes element properties material definitions and so on any data that specify the model itself M
10. Z XFEM The extended finite element method XFEM allows the presence of discontinuities in an element by enriching degrees of freedom with special displacement functions XFEM does not require the mesh to match the geometry of the discontinuities As a result XFEM is a very attractive G 68 GLOSSARY and effective way to simulate initiation and propagation of a discrete crack along an arbitrary solution dependent path without the requirement of remeshing in the bulk materials For more information Modeling discontinuities as an enriched feature using the extended finite element method Section 10 7 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual X Y data object A two dimensional array that Abaqus CAE stores in two columns an X column and a Y column You can use the Visualization module to display X Y data in the form of an X Y plot For more information e What is an X Y data object and what is an X Y plot Section 47 1 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual X Y plot A two axis graph of one variable versus another Abaqus CAE can display X Y data objects in the form of an X Y plot For more information e Chapter 47 X Y plotting of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual X Y report A tabular listing of X and Y data values Abaqus CAE can generate an X Y report from the data contained in X Y objects For more information Chapter 54 Generating tabular data reports of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual
11. an Abaqus CAE dialog box in which you can enter information For more information e Using basic dialog box components Section 3 2 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual thread based execution A mode of parallel operation using multiple simultaneous threads of execution that enables Abaqus to split computationally intensive operations into multiple simultaneous tasks On multiprocessor or multi core systems threads run simultaneously on different processors or cores Abaqus supports thread based execution using SMP For more information e Parallel execution overview Section 3 5 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual through hole A hole that passes completely through a three dimensional solid object The path of the hole continues to infinity and cuts the object anywhere it intersects For more information e Adding a cut feature Section 11 24 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual TIFF Tag Image File Format A standard bitmap graphics file format commonly used for storage of graphic images Depending on the display device the TIFF format provides options to adjust both color and greyscale images and can encode very high quality images Abaqus CAE allows you to save images of selected viewports in TIFF format files Abaqus CAE does not compress the data stored in TIFF format files as a result the files can consume large amounts of disk space For more information e Printe
12. are evaluated according to their definition and are substituted for the parametrized quantities before an analysis is performed by Abaqus Standard or Abaqus Explicit See also keyword parameter to learn how keyword parameters are used in an Abaqus input file For more information e Scripting parametric studies Section 20 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual instance See part instance G 31 GLOSSARY interaction Step dependent objects that define how bodies or regions in a model act with each other or with their surrounding environment examples include contact kinematic relationships associated with mechanical connectors and thermal constraints such as convection or radiation boundary conditions Interactions also establish dependencies between fields such as coupled thermal mechanical coupled pore fluid mechanical and coupled thermal electrical effects In Abaqus CAE an elastic foundation is also considered a form of interaction For more information e Part IX Interactions of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 15 The Interaction module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Interaction module An Abaqus CAE module used to define interactions between regions of a model or between a region of a model and its surroundings For more information Chapter 15 The Interaction module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual interaction property A collection of data that are necessary to defin
13. cause deformation displacement or change the state of a structure from its unloaded state For more information e Applying loads overview Section 33 4 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 16 The Load module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual load case A set of loads boundary conditions and base motions used to define a particular loading condition within a step in a model Multiple load cases can be defined in a single step For more information e Multiple load case analysis Section 6 1 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 34 Load cases of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Load module An Abaqus CAE module used to define prescribed conditions such as loads boundary conditions and predefined fields G 35 GLOSSARY For more information Chapter 16 The Load module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual M main window The GUI with which you interact with Abaqus CAE The main window contains a menu bar prompt area toolbars and a variety of other components that allow you to perform the tasks necessary for creating and analyzing a model and viewing analysis results Certain aspects of the main window such as the menu bar and the toolbars can change as you work through the modeling process For more information e Overview of the main window Section 2 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual maintenance delivery A software update following a general release that addresses i
14. connected is distributed to several nodes to be connected in the neighborhood of the fastening point For more information e Mesh independent fasteners Section 34 3 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e About fasteners Section 29 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 24 GLOSSARY fastening point The actual point where a fastener layer attaches to the surfaces that are being connected with fasteners The location is determined by considering the positioning point location projection method and surfaces to be fastened For more information e Mesh independent fasteners Section 34 3 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual features The basic definitions that combine to make up an Abaqus CAE native part and assembly such as geometry operations and positioning constraints Each feature contains parameters such as size location and depth Abaqus CAE retains the parameters that define each feature and uses this information to regenerate a part or assembly if a feature is modified For more information e What is feature based modeling Section 11 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual feature angle An angle formed between the normals of the two facets connected to an edge For more information e Assigning surface properties for general contact in Abaqus Explicit Section 35 4 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Surface properties for general contact in Abaqus Standard Section 35 2 2 of
15. initial conditions by creating predefined fields in the Load module For more information e Initial conditions in Abaqus Standard and Abaqus Explicit Section 33 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Initial conditions in Abaqus CFD Section 33 2 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Creating and modifying prescribed conditions Section 16 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual input file An ASCII file that is read and processed by Abaqus Standard Abaqus Explicit or Abaqus CFD and contains keywords and data that define your model When you submit a job for analysis using Abaqus CAE it generates an input file based on the model you have defined If necessary you can modify the input file generated by Abaqus CAE using the Keywords Editor In addition you can import Abaqus Standard or Abaqus Explicit input files into Abaqus CAE Abaqus CAE translates the options and data lines in the imported input file into a new Abaqus CAE model For more information Defining a model in Abaqus Section 1 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Understanding the files generated by creating and analyzing a model Section 9 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Importing a model from an Abaqus input file Section 10 5 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual input parameter A capability in Abaqus Design that allows you to create an input file in which parameters are used in place of input quantities The parameters
16. more information e Damage evolution and element removal for ductile metals Section 24 2 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Damage evolution and element removal for fiber reinforced composites Section 24 3 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Damage evolution for ductile materials in low cycle fatigue Section 24 4 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Damage evolution in Defining damage Section 12 9 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual damage initiation criteria The conditions that will initiate a crack They can be based on either maximum principal stress or maximum principal strain to represent the behavior of a material For more information Chapter 24 Progressive Damage and Failure of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Defining damage Section 12 9 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual GLOSSARY data check An abbreviated Abaqus Standard Abaqus Explicit or Abaqus CFD execution that checks only that the model is consistent and that all required model options have been set For more information Abaqus Standard Abaqus Explicit and Abaqus CFD execution Section 3 2 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Performing a data check on a model Section 19 7 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual Performing a data check on
17. more information e Using display lists Section 7 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual DMP distributed memory parallel A mode of parallel execution where each processor has its own memory Abaqus supports DMP using specific MPI libraries and interconnects See also MPI double buffering A graphics rendering technique used in Abaqus CAE to prevent screen flicker when the viewport is refreshed For more information e GraphicsOptions object Section 17 9 of the Abaqus Scripting Reference Manual double precision The storage and manipulation of floating point numbers in 8 B as opposed to single precision which uses a standard 4 B Abaqus Explicit performs calculations using double precision by default For more information e Abaqus Standard Abaqus Explicit and Abaqus CFD execution Section 3 2 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Using the Abaqus environment settings Section 3 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual drag mode A setting in Abaqus CAE that allows you to display an image as a simple wireframe during mouse manipulations such as panning zooming and rotating this mode allows faster manipulation of very large models in the shaded render style instead of the current render style wireframe filled hidden line or shaded G 20 GLOSSARY For more information e Controlling drag mode Section 7 6 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual i
18. reference part instance G 67 GLOSSARY For more information e The volume fraction tool Section 28 5 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual W wedge angle An angle used to define initial curvature of a model when you create a generalized plane strain section A wedge angle is given about the global 1 and 2 axes at the reference point indicating the reference node required by generalized strain plane elements For more information e Generalized plane strain elements in Choosing the element s dimensionality Section 27 1 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Creating generalized plane strain sections Section 12 13 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual wire edge A geometric region in Abaqus CAE represented by a line or curve as opposed to the edge of a solid or shell feature For more information e Removing wire edges Section 69 6 6 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual work directory The directory into which Abaqus CAE writes files during a session and the directory from which you started Abaqus CAE unless you specified the directory using File Set Work Directory For more information e Setting the work directory Section 9 7 8 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual Using file selection dialog boxes Section 3 2 10 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual X Y
19. the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Defining model feature edges Section 55 3 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Defining mesh feature edges Section 76 5 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Feature Manipulation toolset An Abaqus CAE toolset that contains tools that you use to create and manage features For more information e Chapter 65 The Feature Manipulation toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual field A definition of input or output data representing the value of a variable such as displacement temperature or pressure over a domain field output The output of variables that are written relatively infrequently to the output database Typically you request field output from your entire model or a large region of your model Abaqus Standard and Abaqus Explicit write every component of the variable to the output database at the selected G 25 GLOSSARY frequency In the Abaqus CAE Visualization module you can view field output in the form of a deformed contour or symbol plot and you can produce a report of field output For more information Output to the output database Section 4 1 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual fillet A circular arc that joins two lines in a continuous manner When you are using the Sketch module you can create a fillet between two lines meeting at an angle When you are creating or modifying a three dimensional solid part you can fillet or round selected edges For more inf
20. third party CAD system you can use the CAD system to modify the model or to change its position and you can use the established connection to update the model quickly in Abaqus CAE GLOSSARY For more information Chapter 60 The CAD Connection toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual canvas The region of the Abaqus CAE main window where work takes place For more information Chapter 4 Managing viewports on the canvas of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual CATIA A CAD CAM CAE software package from Dassault Systemes CATIA format parts and assemblies can be imported into Abaqus CAE For more information e What kinds of files can be imported and exported from Abaqus CAE Section 10 1 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual chamfer A straight blend that creates a beveled edge connecting two surfaces For more information e Blend features Section 11 9 5 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual check box An element of Abaqus CAE dialog boxes that can be used to turn a particular option alternately off or on For more information e Using basic dialog box components Section 3 2 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual child feature A feature in Abaqus CAE that when created depends on an existing feature called the parent feature for geometric and dimensioning information When you modify a parent feature the modification may change its child features Likewise when you de
21. transfer of loads and boundary conditions from geometric entities Top down meshing techniques automatically associate the mesh with the geometry that was used to create it If you use bottom up meshing techniques or edit the association of a top down mesh you may need to check the association For more information e Mesh geometry association Section 17 12 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Mesh module An Abaqus CAE module that contains tools used to generate meshes on parts and assemblies created in or imported into Abaqus CAE In addition the Mesh module contains query functions that provide information about existing meshes For more information e Chapter 17 The Mesh module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual mesh surface A named collection of element faces or edges selected from either native or orphan meshes in an assembly that can be used to request output or add loads to specific areas of the model For more information Chapter 73 The Set and Surface toolsets of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual message area A section of the main window in Abaqus CAE used to display information and warnings For more information e Overview of the main window Section 2 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual message msg file A file job name msg that contains diagnostic or informative messages about the progress of an Abaqus Standard or Abaqus Explicit analysis G 37 GLOSSARY For more information e
22. you to define the material and section properties of a model by creating section definitions and assigning them to parts or to regions of parts Most section definitions refer to material definitions which you also create using the Property module For more information e Chapter 12 The Property module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual quantity type A category that describes the data in one of the columns of an X Y data object Abaqus CAE includes over 80 predefined quantity types that describe the output of every variable in Abaqus including commonly used quantity types such as temperature time stress and strain G 49 GLOSSARY For more information e Understanding quantity types Section 47 1 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Query toolset An Abaqus CAE toolset that allows you to obtain information about your model Abaqus CAE displays the requested information in the message area and in most cases the same information is written to the replay file For more information Chapter 71 The Query toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual queue An option that executes jobs on a computer in a sequential manner For more information e Submitting a job remotely Section 19 2 7 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual e Customizing Abaqus CAE startup Section 4 3 3 of the Abaqus Installation and Licensing Guide R radio button An option button that allows you to choose between mutually exclusive options
23. 5 6735 8444 abaqus sg worleyparsons com Turkey A Ztech Ltd Istanbul Tel 90 216 361 8850 info a ztech com tr Complete contact information is available at http www simulia com locations locations html Preface This section lists various resources that are available for help with using Abaqus Unified FEA software Support Both technical engineering support for problems with creating a model or performing an analysis and systems support for installation licensing and hardware related problems for Abaqus are offered through a network of local support offices Regional contact information is listed in the front of each Abaqus manual and is accessible from the Locations page at www simulia com Support for SIMULIA products SIMULIA provides a knowledge database of answers and solutions to questions that we have answered as well as guidelines on how to use Abaqus SIMULIA Scenario Definition Isight and other SIMULIA products You can also submit new requests for support All support incidents are tracked If you contact us by means outside the system to discuss an existing support problem and you know the incident or support request number please mention it so that we can query the database to see what the latest action has been Many questions about Abaqus can also be answered by visiting the Products page and the Support page at www simulia com Anonymous ftp site To facilitate data transfer with SIMULIA an anonymous ftp accoun
24. LIA for virtual testing ENOVIA for global collaborative lifecycle management and 3DVIA for online 3D lifelike experiences Dassault Syst mes shares are listed on Euronext Paris 13065 DSY PA and Dassault Systemes ADRs may be traded on the US Over The Counter OTC market DASTY For more information visit www 3ds com JS DASSAULT SUuSTEMES subsidiaries in the US and or other countries Other company product and service names may be trademarks or service marks of their respective owners Dassault Systemes 2012 www 3ds com Rbaqus the 3DS logo SIMULIA CATIA Solidworks DELMIA ENOVIA 3DVIA and Unified FER are trademarks or registered trademarks of Dassault Syst mes or its
25. Printed image formats Section 8 1 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual equation solver The solution procedure for a linear system of equations in Abaqus Standard Available linear equation system solution techniques include the direct linear equation solver the iterative linear equation solver the subspace iteration eigenvalue solver the Lanczos eigenvalue solver and the AMS eigenvalue solver G 22 GLOSSARY For more information Direct linear equation solver Section 6 1 5 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Iterative linear equation solver Section 6 1 6 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Selecting the eigenvalue extraction method in Eigenvalue buckling prediction Section 6 2 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Dynamic analysis procedures overview Section 6 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Natural frequency extraction Section 6 3 5 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual error indicator A metric used during adaptive meshing to measure error in the base solution An error indicator determines where a mesh needs refinement to achieve an error goal For more information e Selection of error indicators influencing adaptive remeshing Section 12 3 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual error indicator output variable An output variable selected to use in the calculation of the error indicator Error indicator output variables have an ERI suffix for ex
26. Puerto Madero Buenos Aires Tel 54 11 4312 8700 Horacio Burbridge 3ds com Stockholm Sweden Tel 46 8 68430450 simulia nordic info 3ds com Warrington Tel 44 1925 830900 simulia uk info 3ds com Authorized Support Centers SMARTtech Sudamerica SRL Buenos Aires Tel 54 11 4717 2717 KB Engineering Buenos Aires Tel 54 11 4326 7542 Solaer Ingenier a Buenos Aires Tel 54 221 489 1738 SMARTtech Mec nica Sao Paulo SP Tel 55 11 3168 3388 Synerma s r o Ps ry Prague West Tel 420 603 145 769 abaqus synerma cz 3 Dimensional Data Systems Crete Tel 30 2821040012 support 3dds gr ADCOM Givataim Tel 972 3 7325311 shmulik keidar adcomsim co il WorleyParsons Services Sdn Bhd Kuala Lumpur Tel 603 2039 9000 abaqus my worleyparsons com Kimeca NET SA de CV Mexico Tel 52 55 2459 2635 Matrix Applied Computing Ltd Auckland Tel 64 9 623 1223 abaqus tech matrix co nz BudSoft Sp z o o Poznan Tel 48 61 8508 466 info budsoft com pl TESIS Ltd Moscow Tel 7 495 612 44 22 info tesis com ru WorleyParsons Pte Ltd Singapore Tel 65 6735 8444 abaqus sg worleyparsons com Finite Element Analysis Services Pty Ltd Parklands Tel 27 21 556 6462 feas feas co za Principia Ingenieros Consultores S A Madrid Tel 34 91 209 1482 simulia principia es Taiwan Simutech Solution Corporation Taipei R O C Tel 886 2 2507 9550 camilla simutech com tw Thailand WorleyParsons Pte Ltd Singapore Tel 6
27. allows you to gain immediate access to specific information in the Abaqus CAE online manual Invoke context sensitive help by selecting Help On Context GLOSSARY from the main menu bar and then clicking almost any feature of an Abaqus CAE window or dialog box For more information Displaying context sensitive help Section 2 6 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual contour plot Graphical output from the Visualization module of Abaqus CAE that displays the values of a particular analysis variable at a specified step and frame These values are shown as colored lines colored bands or colored faces on the model depending on the customization options you select For more information Chapter 44 Contouring analysis results of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual CORM components of relative motion Relative displacements and rotations that are local to a connector For more information e Connection type library Section 31 1 5 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Creating connector sections Section 15 12 11 ofthe Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual co simulation A multiphysics capability that provides several functions available within Abaqus or as separate add on analysis capabilities for runtime coupling of Abaqus and another analysis program An Abaqus analysis can be coupled to another Abaqus analysis or to a third party analysis program to perform multidisciplinary simulations
28. ample MISESERI For more information e Selection of error indicators influencing adaptive remeshing Section 12 3 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual error target A user defined remeshing goal described as a percentage target for a normalized form of the error indicator output variable The normalized form of the error indicator for a particular variable is the ratio of the value of the error indicator to the value of the base solution For more information e Selection of error indicators influencing adaptive remeshing Section 12 3 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Eulerian analysis A finite element technique in which materials can flow through the elements in a model s mesh Abaqus offers two implementations of the Eulerian technique pure Eulerian analysis and Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian ALE adaptive meshing In a pure Eulerian analysis the mesh is rigid and the model behavior is defined by the flow of material through the mesh ALE adaptive meshing is a technique that combines the features of Lagrangian analysis and Eulerian analysis within the same mesh to maintain a high mesh quality during analyses involving large deformations G 23 GLOSSARY For more information ALE adaptive meshing overview Section 12 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Eulerian analysis Section 14 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 28 Eulerian analyses of the Abaqus CAE User
29. an adaptivity process Section 19 9 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual data line A line in an Abaqus Standard Abaqus Explicit or Abaqus CFD input file used to provide data that are more easily given in lists than as parameters on an option If a data line is required it must immediately follow the keyword line introducing the option For more information e Input syntax rules Section 1 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual datum A feature of an Abaqus CAE model that represents auxiliary geometry that can be used for reference when modeling a part or assembly The following types of datum are available points axes planes and coordinate systems For more information e Understanding the role of datum geometry Section 62 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Datum toolset An Abaqus CAE toolset used to create datum points axes planes and coordinate systems with respect to a combination of existing geometry such as vertices planes and edges and existing datum geometry For more information Chapter 62 The Datum toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual decoration The Abaqus CAE viewport title and the viewport border GLOSSARY For more information e Working with viewports Section 4 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual deformable part A part that can deform under load See also discrete rigid p
30. and multidomain multimodel coupling For more information e Co simulation overview Section 17 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual Chapter 26 Co simulation of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual CSYS coordinate system An Abaqus CAE datum coordinate system either rectangular cylindrical or spherical For more information e Creating datum coordinate systems Section 62 9 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual GLOSSARY current viewport A window on the canvas identified by a different color title bar than other viewports in which work in Abaqus CAE takes place There is only one current viewport at any time For more information e What is a viewport Section 4 1 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual custom view A predefined view particular combinations of position orientation and scale factor that Abaqus CAE allows you to apply to an object in a selected viewport The custom views are front back left right top bottom and isometric as well as four user defined views For more information e Custom views Section 5 2 8 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual D damage evolution A law that defines how material degrades after one or more damage initiation criteria are met Multiple forms of damage evolution may act on a material at the same time one for each damage initiation criterion that was defined For
31. ant to a specific portion of the modeling task For more information e What is a module Section 2 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual monitor See job monitor movable part instance The part instance whose position can change during the application of an assembly constraint in Abaqus CAE For more information How the position constraint methods differ Section 13 4 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual MPI message passing interface A software library defined by the MPI standard that is used to parallelize software MPI is typically used to enable execution on compute clusters or networks of workstations but provides effective G 39 GLOSSARY parallelization on SMP shared memory parallel machines as well See also MPI based parallel and SMP For more information MPI Forum www mpi forum org MPI based parallel DMP processing supported by Abaqus on multiprocessor workstations or compute clusters using MPI libraries For more information Parallel execution Section 3 5 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual multiphysics A coupled approach in the numerical solution of multiple interacting physical domains Abaqus provides built in fully coupled procedures sequential coupling and co simulation as solution techniques for multiphysics simulation See also the Products page at www simulia com For more information e Multiphysics analyses in Solving analysis problems overview Section 6 1
32. apability for Abaqus Standard and Abaqus Explicit that allows an Abaqus model to be defined with parametric variables Parameter studies with such models can be performed with scripts that generate models with various values for the parametric variables run the analyses and gather the results These scripts are developed using Python an interpreted language For more information e Parametric input Section 1 4 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Abaqus Explicit An explicit dynamics finite element program that provides nonlinear transient dynamic analysis of solids and structures using explicit time integration Its powerful contact capabilities reliability and computational efficiency on large models also make it highly effective for quasi static applications involving discontinuous nonlinear behavior For more information Introduction general Section 1 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual GLOSSARY Abaqus Foundation An optional subset of Abaqus Standard that provides more cost efficient access to the linear static and dynamic analysis functionality in Abaqus Standard Abaqus PDE Abaqus Python Development Environment An application that allows you to create edit test and debug Python scripts It can be used with scripts containing general Python commands Abaqus Scripting Interface commands or Abaqus CAE graphical user interface GUI commands For more information e Part III The Abaqus Python dev
33. aqus CAE User s Manual script A type of program that consists of a set of instructions to an application In Abaqus CAE almost every operation that you perform during a session can be duplicated by a script containing a set of Abaqus CAE commands You can find examples of Abaqus CAE commands in the replay file abaqus rpy that is written automatically during every Abaqus CAE session For more information e Understanding the files generated by creating and analyzing a model Section 9 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual secondary cursor An active cursor within the Abaqus CAE Sketch module that looks like a plus sign and appears near the primary cursor whenever the Sketch module prompts you to select a point By default if you move the primary cursor near a point that is eligible for selection the secondary cursor jumps directly to the point while the primary cursor remains fixed therefore you can easily see exactly which point is selected before committing the selection See also primary cursor For more information e The Sketcher cursors and preselection Section 20 4 5 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 55 GLOSSARY section definition The data that specify the properties of regions in an Abaqus CAE assembly or in a set of elements in an Abaqus Standard Abaqus Explicit or Abaqus CFD model A section definition can contain information such as a material name Poisson s ratio transverse shear data and
34. art For more information e Part types Section 11 4 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual deformation scale factor The factor that is applied to the deformation field when you display a plot of a deformed model in Abaqus CAE You can scale the deformations to magnify reduce or otherwise distort the deformed model shape For more information e Scaling deformations Section 55 4 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual deformed field output variable The variable whose values control the shape of the model in a deformed shape plot in Abaqus CAE Deformed field output variables can only be vector quantities such as displacement or velocity For more information e Selecting the deformed field output variable Section 42 5 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual deformed shape plot An Abaqus CAE plot that displays the shape of a model at a specified step and frame of the analysis results according to the values of the deformed field output variable that you specify For more information e Chapter 43 Plotting the undeformed and deformed shapes of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual degrees of freedom dof The fundamental variables calculated during an analysis the set of independent displacements and or rotations that specify completely the displaced or deformed position and orientation of the body or system For example in a stress displacement analysis the degrees of freedom are the tran
35. ation e Output Section 4 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Degree of freedom monitor requests Section 14 5 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual STEP STandard for the Exchange of Product model data STEP ISO 10303 1 A replacement standard for IGES that attempts to overcome some of the shortcomings of IGES The STEP format is designed to provide computer interpretable representation of a product throughout its life cycle independent of any particular system You can import STEP format parts and you can export parts in STEP format In addition you can import and export a sketch from a STEP file For more information Importing files into and exporting files from Abaqus CAE Section 10 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Importing parts Section 10 7 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual Exporting geometry model and mesh data Section 10 9 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual step A sequence that provides a convenient way to capture changes in the loading and boundary conditions of the model changes in the way parts of the model interact with each other and any other changes that may occur in the model during the course of the analysis In addition steps allow you to change the analysis procedure the data output and various controls You can also use steps to define linear perturbation analyses about nonlinear
36. baqus Analysis User s Manual e Rigid parts Section 11 7 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual anchor points In Abaqus CAE points in a viewport that control the motion of text and arrow annotations For more information e What are arrow and text annotations Section 4 1 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual In Abaqus Standard contact interactions points created on a surface by the small sliding tracking approach to define the location and orientation of planar contact constraints For more information e Contact formulations in Abaqus Standard Section 37 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual angle method A process in Abaqus CAE that allows you to select multiple faces edges elements element faces or nodes based on the spatial angles between the items GLOSSARY For more information e Using the angle and feature edge method to select multiple objects Section 6 2 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual annotation An explanatory note or symbol that you create when working with Abaqus CAE Abaqus CAE automatically generates several types of annotations Viewport annotations generated by Abaqus CAE include the triad as well as the legend title block and state block of Visualization module plots For more information e What are arrow and text annotations Section 4 1 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual e Chapter 56 Customizing viewport annotations of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual assembly A c
37. base states For more information Defining a model in Abaqus Section 1 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e What is a step Section 14 3 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual step dependent manager An Abaqus CAE dialog box that contains a list of all of the objects of a certain type that you have created as well as Create Edit Copy Rename and Delete buttons that you can use to manipulate existing objects and to create new ones A step dependent manager is similar to a basic manager but it contains additional information concerning the history of each object listed in the manager G 60 GLOSSARY For more information e What are step dependent managers Section 3 4 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual step dependent object An object that you can create and in some cases modify and deactivate in particular steps of an analysis Loads boundary conditions and interactions are step dependent objects For more information e What are step dependent managers Section 3 4 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Step module An Abaqus CAE module used to create and define analysis steps and to request output for each step You can also use the Step module to specify adaptive meshing as well as contact and general solution controls For more information Chapter 14 The Step module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual stream A set of streamlines for visualization of data in a fluid flow analys
38. calculating drag and buoyancy loads based on steady current wave and wind effects for modeling offshore piping and floating platform structures Abaqus Aqua is applicable for structures that can be idealized using line elements including beam pipe and truss elements GLOSSARY For more information Abaqus Aqua analysis Section 6 11 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Abaqus CAE The Complete Abaqus Environment a program that provides a simple consistent interactive graphical interface for creating submitting monitoring and evaluating results from Abaqus simulations Abaqus CAE is divided into modules where each module defines a logical aspect of the modeling process for example defining the geometry defining material properties generating a mesh submitting analysis jobs and interpreting results For more information Part I Interacting with Abaqus CAE of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Abaqus CFD A computational fluid dynamics program with extensive support for preprocessing simulation and postprocessing in Abaqus CAE Abaqus CFD provides scalable parallel CFD simulation capabilities to address a broad range of nonlinear coupled fluid thermal and fluid structural problems For more information Introduction general Section 1 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Fluid dynamic analysis procedures overview Section 6 6 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Abaqus Design An add on c
39. ction 42 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Chapter 49 Animating plots of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual free body cross section The set of nodes and elements that make up the surface across which you want Abaqus CAE to display the resultant forces and moments For more information Resultant forces and moments on free body cuts in Abaqus CAE Section 67 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual e Creating or editing a free body cut Section 67 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual free body cut In the Visualization module of Abaqus CAE a tool that displays the resultant forces and moments transmitted across a selected surface of your model For more information e Resultant forces and moments on free body cuts in Abaqus CAE Section 67 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual e Creating or editing a free body cut Section 67 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual free meshing A meshing technique that uses no preestablished mesh patterns and allows more flexibility than structured meshing When you mesh a region using the structured meshing technique you can predict the pattern of the mesh based on the region topology In contrast it is impossible to predict a free mesh pattern before creating the mesh For more information Free meshing Section 17 10 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual free interface substructure dynamic modes S
40. d image formats Section 8 1 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual time history A sequence of plots that vary over time according to actual analysis results If the time history is frame based the animation increments frame by frame if the time history is time based the animation increments along a common time line For more information e Customizing the time history of synchronized viewports Section 49 4 7 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual G 64 GLOSSARY toolbar An area in Abaqus CAE that contains a convenient sets of tools for managing your files and for viewing your model Items in a toolbar are shortcuts to functions that are also available from the main menu bar By default all the standard toolbars appear in a row directly under the Abaqus CAE main menu bar however you can configure the toolbars to appear anywhere on your screen For more information e Components of the toolbars Section 2 2 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual toolbox A collection of icons that provide quick access to commonly used Abaqus CAE functions The tools available in a toolbox are also available from the main menu bar For more information Understanding and using toolboxes and toolbars Section 3 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual toolset A functional unit that allows you to perform a specific modeling task in Abaqus CAE For more information e What is a toolset Sectio
41. d or distributed in any form without prior written permission of Dassault Syst mes or its subsidiary The Abaqus Software is a product of Dassault Syst mes Simulia Corp Providence RI USA Dassault Syst mes 2012 Abaqus the 3DS logo SIMULIA CATIA and Unified FEA are trademarks or registered trademarks of Dassault Syst mes or its subsidiaries in the United States and or other countries Other company product and service names may be trademarks or service marks of their respective owners For additional information concerning trademarks copyrights and licenses see the Legal Notices in the Abaqus 6 12 Installation and Licensing Guide SIMULIA Worldwide Headquarters SIMULIA European Headquarters United States Australia Austria Benelux Canada China Finland France Germany India Italy Japan Korea Latin America Scandinavia United Kingdom Argentina Brazil Czech amp Slovak Republics Greece Israel Malaysia Mexico New Zealand Poland Russia Belarus amp Ukraine Singapore South Africa Spain amp Portugal Locations Rising Sun Mills 166 Valley Street Providence RI 02909 2499 Tel 1 401 276 4400 Fax 1 401 276 4408 simulia support 3ds com http www simulia com Stationsplein 8 K 6221 BT Maastricht The Netherlands Tel 31 43 7999 084 Fax 31 43 7999 306 simulia europe info 3ds com Dassault Syst mes Centers of Simulation Excellence Fremont CA Tel 1 510 794 5891
42. defined See also input parameter to learn how input parameters are used in Abaqus Design keywords editor A specialized text editor that allows you to modify an Abaqus input file generated by Abaqus CAE before submitting it for analysis For more information e Adding unsupported keywords to your Abaqus CAE model Section 9 10 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual G 34 GLOSSARY Lagrangian analysis A finite element technique in which materials are fixed within elements and the materials deform as the element mesh deforms For more information e Eulerian analysis Section 14 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 28 Eulerian analyses of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual LEFM linear elastic fracture mechanics A crack propagation technique that assumes the material is elastic or that the material is subjected to small scale yielding The technique is appropriate for brittle fracture analysis For more information Modeling moving cracks based on the principles of linear elastic fracture mechanics LEFM and phantom nodes in Modeling discontinuities as an enriched feature using the extended finite element method Section 10 7 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual load Any of the forces moments concentrated or distributed tractions fluxes or more generally influences including predefined fields imposed upon a structure or body that
43. display an object in a viewport in Abaqus CAE Examples of render style are Wireframe Hidden and Shaded For more information e Choosing a render style Section 76 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual replay An option that specifies the name ofthe file from which Abaqus CAE commands are to be replayed Almost every operation that you perform in Abaqus CAE is recorded automatically in the replay file abaqus rpy in the form of Abaqus commands Executing the replay file is equivalent to replaying the original sequence of operations For more information Recreating an unsaved model database Section 9 5 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual restart res file A file job name res used to continue an analysis job In addition a capability that allows you to run complex multistep simulations in stages rather than in a single job so that you can examine the results and confirm that the analysis is performing as expected before continuing with the next stage The Abaqus restart analysis capability uses restart data from a prior solution to determine the model s response to additional load history For more information Restarting an analysis Section 9 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Restart output requests Section 14 5 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Results Tree A component of the Abaqus CAE GUI that provides a visual description of the output data available in your session including all open out
44. e Abaqus CAE User s Manual non manifold edge An exterior element edge at which more than two exterior element faces meet You can use the Query toolset in the Abaqus CAE Mesh module to highlight free and non manifold mesh edges in a solid or shell mesh Non manifold edges may indicate problems especially in a solid mesh For more information e Obtaining mesh information Section 17 19 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual normal axis A spatially varying orientation at the centroid of each native or orphan mesh element The normal axis for a discrete orientation represents the normal axis of the material orientation Abaqus CAE uses the normal axis and the primary axis to construct a right handed Cartesian coordinate system You choose the coordinate system axis that you want the normal axis to represent in the resultant orientation and select topology or datums or enter vector values to define the desired axis For more information e Using discrete orientations for material orientations and composite layup orientations Section 12 16 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual G 41 GLOSSARY O online documentation The Abaqus HTML documentation which contains all the available content including context sensitive help pages and is the primary format For more information e Part II Using the Abaqus HTML Documentation of Using Abaqus Onlin
45. e Documentation option See keyword Also refers to choices presented to you by the Abaqus CAE graphical user interface For more information e Input syntax rules Section 1 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual option block A group of keywords that must be used in conjunction with other keywords An option block contains data concerning a particular option or keyword that describes part of the problem definition An option block begins with a keyword line and is often followed by one or more data lines You choose those options that are relevant for a particular application Parameters available on the command line are also referred to as options For more information e Input syntax rules Section 1 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Abaqus Keywords Reference Manual orphan mesh A collection of nodes elements surfaces and sets with no associated geometry In effect the mesh information has been orphaned from its parent geometry You can import a part into Abaqus CAE from an output database or from an input file in the form of an orphan mesh You can also create an orphan mesh part from the meshed assembly in the Mesh module An orphan mesh part appears in the model s list of parts however you cannot add geometric features to it You can use the Edit Mesh toolset in the Part module to edit the mesh definition and you can change the element type assigned to the mesh in the Mesh module For more infor
46. e certain types of interactions completely For more information e Contact interaction analysis overview Section 35 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 15 The Interaction module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual job A process you submit for execution on any computer or network You submit an Abaqus model for analysis in the form of an analysis job For more information Abaqus Standard Abaqus Explicit and Abaqus CFD execution Section 3 2 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 19 The Job module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Job module An Abaqus CAE module used to create a job submit it for analysis and monitor its progress For more information Chapter 19 The Job module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 32 K GLOSSARY job monitor The process of observing the status of Abaqus CAE analysis jobs in the model database using the job monitor dialog box For more information e Output Section 4 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Monitoring the progress of an analysis job Section 19 2 6 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual journal 3n1 file A file model database name jn1 containing commands that Abaqus CAE can use to replicate the model database if it becomes corrupted When you save a model database Abaqus CAE also saves the journal file automatically For more information Recreating an unsaved model database Section 9 5 3 o
47. elopment environment of the Abaqus Scripting User s Manual Abaqus Standard A general purpose finite element program that can be used for analysis of static dynamic heat transfer and a variety of coupled problems Abaqus Standard provides both automatic and direct user control of the time step and is effective for analyzing the static dynamic thermal and electrical response of both linear and nonlinear models For more information Introduction general Section 1 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Abaqus Viewer A subset of Abaqus CAE that contains just the Visualization module to provide graphical display of finite element models and results It obtains model and result information from the output database ODB The major capabilities of Abaqus Viewer include undeformed and deformed shape plotting results contour and symbol plotting X Y plotting and reporting field output reporting plot customization and animation For more information e Part V Viewing results of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual ACIS An industry standard library of geometric modeling functions that reads and writes ACIS format files file name sat ACIS files give you a way to move geometry between Abaqus CAE and third party modeling products You can import the base feature of a part from an ACIS file in addition you can export a part or the part instances in the assembly to an ACIS file For more information Using the File
48. en during the analysis For more information e Output Section 4 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Output to the data and results files Section 4 1 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Understanding output requests Section 14 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual privileged plane The base of the 3D compass By default Abaqus CAE draws the 3D compass so that the X Z plane is the privileged plane You can customize the appearance of the 3D compass to change the privileged plane to any of the three major compass planes X Y Y Z or X Z For more information e Customizing the 3D compass Section 5 3 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual probe A mode in which Abaqus CAE displays information as you move the cursor around the current viewport Probing a model plot displays model data and analysis results probing an X Y plot displays X Y curve data For more information Chapter 51 Probing the model of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual procedure The type of analysis to be performed during an analysis step Static stress dynamic stress eigenvalue buckling and transient heat transfer are examples of analysis procedures In Abaqus CAE many tasks that you perform are broken into step by step procedures When you perform one of these procedures Abaqus CAE displays instructions for each step at the appropriate time in the prompt area near the bottom of the main window For more informatio
49. er of the Sketcher as you create new sketch geometry Sketch coordinates appear only when they differ from the current grid coordinates when the grid origin or rotation has been changed For more information e Realigning the sketch grid relative to the sketch Section 20 4 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Sketcher An Abaqus CAE toolset that allows you to sketch the lines and curves that form the two dimensional profile of a feature to add constraints to the sketch and to modify the sketch in Abaqus CAE For more information Chapter 20 The Sketch module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Sketch module An Abaqus CAE module used to create a sketch that defines a planar part a beam or a partition or to create a sketch that might be extruded swept or revolved to form a three dimensional part For more information Chapter 20 The Sketch module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 58 GLOSSARY slider An indicator on a gauge in Abaqus CAE dialog boxes that you drag to set the value of an option that has a continuous range of possible values For more information e Using basic dialog box components Section 3 2 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual SMP shared memory parallel A mode of parallel execution where multiple processors share a single address space Abaqus supports thread based SMP For more information e Parallel execution Section 3 5 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual sol
50. f the Abaqus CAE User s Manual kernel The brains behind Abaqus CAE that interpret the Python commands generated by the GUI and use the options and settings to create an internal representation of your model For more information e Abaqus CAE and the Abaqus Scripting Interface Section 2 1 of the Abaqus Scripting User s Manual kernel matrix The Jacobian 1 e stiffness matrix used in the full Newton technique to solve nonlinear problems The quasi Newton technique is an alternative solution approach that can be less expensive than the default full Newton technique The difference between the two approaches lies in the number of times that the Jacobian is reformed The quasi Newton technique reforms this matrix less often than the full Newton method allowing for the possibility of a faster solution The user has no control over how often the Jacobian is reformed in the full Newton technique whereas with the quasi Newton approach this can be adjusted The kernel matrix is the mathematical derivation of the quasi Newton technique in which the kernel matrix is an approximate representation of the inverse of the full Jacobian For more information e Convergence criteria for nonlinear problems Section 7 2 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual G 33 GLOSSARY e Configuring general analysis procedures Section 14 11 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual e Quasi Newton solution
51. function See bias parameter For more information e The bias parameter in Mode based steady state dynamic analysis Section 6 3 8 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual bias parameter In a steady state dynamic analysis a variable used to bias the frequency points for which results are required toward the ends of the user defined frequency range The bias parameter provides closer spacing of the results points either toward the middle or toward the ends of each frequency interval For more information e The bias parameter in Mode based steady state dynamic analysis Section 6 3 8 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual blend A geometric fillet or chamfer that can be created in Abaqus CAE to smooth an edge of a three dimensional solid part For more information e Blend features Section 11 9 5 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual blind cut A cut that penetrates a three dimensional object only to a specified depth rather than passing all the way through it In Abaqus CAE this depth is stored as a parameter of the cut feature and can be modified For more information e Adding a cut feature Section 11 24 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual bottom up meshing A manual process used to create a hexahedral or hex dominated mesh on a solid region that is unmeshable or difficult to mesh using the automated top down meshing techniques Bottom up meshing allows y
52. h grid relative to the sketch Section 20 4 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual heal A process performed during the import of a part into Abaqus CAE to improve the accuracy of the part s geometry For more information e Importing parts Section 10 7 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual history The activity of a step dependent object through the course of an analysis In Abaqus CAE you can view the histories of step dependent objects by displaying the appropriate step dependent manager For more information Defining a model in Abaqus Section 1 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e What are step dependent managers Section 3 4 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual history data The portion of an Abaqus input file that defines what happens to the model the sequence of events or loadings for which the model s response is sought History data are combined with model data in the input file that defines a model G 29 GLOSSARY For more information Defining a model in Abaqus Section 1 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual history output The output of variables that are written relatively frequently to the output database as often as every increment You can use history output in the Visualization module of Abaqus CAE to generate X Y plots For more information e Output Section 4 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual homogeneous sect
53. id sections A collection of information that defines the section properties of two dimensional three dimensional and axisymmetric solid regions For more information Defining sections Section 12 2 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual solver A term used to refer to Abaqus products Abaqus Standard implicit Abaqus Explicit explicit and Abaqus CFD computational fluid dynamics See also equation solver spline A curve defined by a mathematical function that connects separate points with a high degree of smoothness Use the spline tool in the Abaqus CAE Sketch module to sketch a smooth curve that connects a series of points Abaqus CAE calculates the shape of the curve using a cubic spline fit between all the points along the spline as a result the first and second derivatives of the spline are continuous For more information e Sketching splines Section 20 10 10 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual stand alone sketch An Abaqus CAE sketch that is independent of any particular feature you can incorporate a stand alone sketch into the current sketch For more information e Stand alone sketches Section 20 3 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 59 GLOSSARY status sta file A file job name sta generated during an Abaqus Standard Abaqus Explicit or Abaqus CFD analysis job that contains information about the progress of the analysis For more inform
54. in some Abaqus CAE dialog boxes When a particular option is controlled by radio buttons you can choose only one of the buttons at a time For more information e Using basic dialog box components Section 3 2 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual rake A line segment with a series of points specified along its length that controls the locations where Abaqus CAE displays streamlines for a fluid flow analysis For more information e Creating a stream Section 74 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual recovery rec file A file model database name rec containing commands that Abaqus CAE can use to replicate the model database currently in memory if it becomes lost due to a catastrophic interruption of your Abaqus CAE session such as a power outage The recovery file contains only those commands G 50 GLOSSARY that were executed since the last time the model database was saved all remaining commands are saved in the journal file For more information e Recreating an unsaved model database Section 9 5 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual reference dimension A type of constraint in Abaqus CAE that annotates quantities that are already controlled elsewhere in the sketch or quantities such as projected reference geometry that cannot be controlled within the current sketch A reference dimension indicates the size of geometry in a sketch while allowing the size to change as opp
55. ion Solid and shell sections that define the section properties of solid and shell elements and refer to a single material For more information Using a shell section integrated during the analysis to define the section behavior Section 29 6 5 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Using a general shell section to define the section behavior Section 29 6 6 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Solid continuum elements Section 28 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Defining sections Section 12 2 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual IGES Initial Graphics Exchange Specification file A neutral data format designed for graphics exchange between computer aided design CAD systems Using Abaqus CAE you can import IGES format parts and you can export parts in IGES format In addition you can import and export a sketch from an IGES file For more information e Chapter 10 Importing and exporting geometry data and models of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual increment An interval of an analysis step For more information Defining an analysis Section 6 1 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Specifying model attributes Section 9 8 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual G 30 GLOSSARY initial condition A condition you prescribe to define the initial value of a solution state or field variable such as stress or temperature You can define
56. ion 17 14 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual connector In an Abaqus analysis an element that models the behavior of mechanical joints or fasteners between components of a model and may include nonlinear force versus displacement or velocity behavior friction damage and other phenomena For more information Chapter 31 Connector Elements of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual In an Abaqus CAE model a connection that allows you to model mechanical relationships between two points in an assembly For more information e What is a connector Section 24 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual GLOSSARY constraint In a modeling interaction a relationship between particular degrees of freedom that is enforced during the simulation for example linear constraints general constraints and kinematic coupling For more information e Chapter 34 Constraints of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Ina prescribed condition a prespecified value ofa degree of freedom See also boundary condition For more information e Managing prescribed conditions Section 16 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual In an Abaqus CAE assembly a feature that specifies the geometric relationships between parts to establish their relative position For more information e How the position constraint methods differ Section 13 4 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual In an Abaqus CAE sketch a feature used to specify geometric relationship
57. is For more information Chapter 74 The Stream toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual streamline A curve that 1s instantaneously tangent to the velocity vector of the flow Streamlines show the direction a fluid element will travel in at any point in time in a fluid flow analysis For more information e Chapter 74 The Stream toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual structured meshing An Abaqus CAE technique that generates structured meshes using simple predefined mesh topologies Abaqus CAE transforms the mesh of a regularly shaped region such as a square or a cube onto the geometry of the region you want to mesh For more information e Structured meshing and mapped meshing Section 17 8 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 61 GLOSSARY substructure A collection of elements from which the internal degrees of freedom have been eliminated For more information Using substructures Section 10 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Defining substructures Section 10 1 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 39 Substructures of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual substructure database A set of files that describe the geometry of a substructure Abaqus writes all substructure data to the substructure database during the analysis For more information e Defining substructures Section 10 1 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 39 Substructures
58. lete a parent feature Abaqus CAE automatically deletes all of its child features For more information e The relationship between parts and features Section 11 3 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual coarsening rate limit A limit that you specified in a remeshing rule that modulates the rate at which larger elements are introduced into the mesh when Abaqus CAE is adaptively remeshing GLOSSARY For more information Refinement and coarsening rate factors in Solution based mesh sizing Section 12 3 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Choosing remeshing rule constraints Section 17 21 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual co execution The co simulation execution of two Abaqus analysis jobs that are executed in Abaqus CAE in synchronization with one another For more information Abaqus Standard to Abaqus Explicit co simulation Section 17 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Abaqus CFD to Abaqus Standard or to Abaqus Explicit co simulation Section 17 3 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Understanding analysis jobs Section 19 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Chapter 26 Co simulation of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual compass See 3D compass compatible mesh An interface between two meshes where the mesh topology is consistent across the interface For more information e Compatible meshes between part instances Sect
59. mation e What can I do with the Edit Mesh toolset Section 64 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 42 GLOSSARY output database odb A file job name odb that contain the results from your analysis You use the Visualization module to open an output database and to view a graphical representation of the contents In addition you can import a part from an output database in the form of an orphan mesh For more information Output to the output database Section 4 1 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Opening a model database or an output database Section 9 7 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual Understanding the files generated by creating and analyzing a model Section 9 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual output request An instruction for Abaqus to write data of interest to various output files such as the data dat file the output database odb file and the restart res file The variables that Abaqus writes during a step the rate at which they are written the region ofthe model associated with the output and the section points of interest define an output request For more information e Output Section 4 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Understanding output requests Section 14 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual parameter A variable quantity that restricts or gives particular form to the thing that it characterizes In
60. menu Section 9 6 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual GLOSSARY active representation Geometry that will be meshed and used in an analysis including all geometry in a model except for reference representations and suppressed features For more information e Understanding midsurface modeling Section 35 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual adaptive remeshing An automated process to refine mesh discretization based on selected error indicators in solution results For more information Adaptive remeshing overview Section 12 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual adaptivity process A succession of analysis jobs that Abaqus CAE creates during adaptive remeshing Each job uses a mesh that was generated by Abaqus CAE based on the values of the error indicator output variables in the output database and the settings in your remeshing rule For more information e Understanding adaptivity processes Section 19 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual ALE Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian adaptive meshing A technique that combines the features of pure Lagrangian analysis and pure Eulerian analysis to control element distortion in cases where large deformation or loss of material occurs ALE allows the mesh to move independently of the material but does not alter the topology elements and connectivity of the mesh For more information ALE adaptive meshing overview Sectio
61. n e Solving analysis problems overview Section 6 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Using the prompt area during procedures Section 3 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 48 Q GLOSSARY profile A definition of the engineering properties of a beam section that are related to its cross sectional shape and size for example cross section area and moments of inertia When you define a beam section you must include a reference to a profile in the section definition For more information Defining profiles Section 12 2 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual A surface profile is the collection of line segments defining the cross section of analytical rigid surfaces For more information e Analytical rigid surface definition Section 2 3 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Profile also refers to the distribution of a variable over space or time such as a temperature profile or a wind velocity profile For more information e Uncoupled heat transfer analysis Section 6 5 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Abaqus Aqua analysis Section 6 11 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual prompt area An area located at the bottom of the Abaqus CAE main window that displays instructions for you to follow during a procedure For more information Using the prompt area during procedures Section 3 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Property module An Abaqus CAE module that allows
62. n 12 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual analysis input file See input file analysis input file processor A component of Abaqus that processes the input file and submits the resulting data to the appropriate analysis program either Abaqus Standard Abaqus Explicit or Abaqus CFD The input file processor interprets the Abaqus options performs the necessary consistency checking and prepares the data for the analysis program For more information Defining a model in Abaqus Section 1 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual GLOSSARY analysis procedure See procedure Analytical Field toolset An Abaqus CAE toolset that allows you to define spatially varying parameters for selected interactions and prescribed conditions in the Interaction module or in the Load module For more information Chapter 58 The Analytical Field toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual analytical rigid part See analytical rigid surface analytical rigid surface An undeformable geometric surface with profiles that can be described with straight and curved line segments These profiles can be swept along a generator vector or rotated about an axis to form a three dimensional surface Analytical rigid surfaces are not element based and thus can model many surface geometries exactly and may result in decreased computational cost in an analysis For more information e Analytical rigid surface definition Section 2 3 4 of the A
63. n 2 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual top down meshing The automated meshing process used by Abaqus CAE to create a mesh by working down from the geometry of a region to the elements and nodes See also bottom up meshing For more information Chapter 17 The Mesh module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual triad See view orientation triad or material orientation triad truss sections The section properties of truss regions Trusses model slender rod like structures that provide axial strength but unlike beams provide no bending stiffness For more information e Truss elements Section 29 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Defining sections Section 12 2 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 65 GLOSSARY U V e Creating truss sections Section 12 13 12 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual unmeshable region A solid region that Abaqus CAE cannot mesh automatically using hexahedral elements An unmeshable region can be made meshable by partitioning by assigning the bottom up meshing technique or by assigning tetrahedral elements to the region See also mesh For more information Chapter 17 The Mesh module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual user defined view A custom view to an Abaqus CAE model in a selected viewport You can save the current position orientation and scale factor as one of four user defined views and subsequently apply the view to an
64. n the online HTML version of this manual drawing area The visible portion of the Abaqus CAE canvas For more information e Components of the main window Section 2 2 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual eddy currents Electric currents generated in a conductor that is placed in a time varying magnetic field Abaqus Standard provides electromagnetic capabilities that can solve time harmonic and transient eddy current problems For more information e Eddy current analysis Section 6 7 5 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual edge parameter A position along an edge expressed as a fraction of its length An edge parameter is used to partition an edge and to position a datum along an edge Abaqus CAE displays an arrow along the edge indicating the direction of increasing parameter value from the start vertex corresponding to an edge parameter value of zero to the end vertex corresponding to a value of one For more information Creating a datum point by entering an edge parameter Section 62 6 5 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual Using the enter parameter method to partition edges Section 70 5 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual element set A named collection of elements For more information e Element definition Section 2 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 73 The Set and Surface toolsets of the Aba
65. odel data include all data in an Abaqus input file that appear before the STEP option For more information e Defining a model in Abaqus Section 1 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual model database A database used by Abaqus CAE to store your models and analysis jobs While you may have multiple model databases stored on your computer or network Abaqus CAE can work on only one G 38 GLOSSARY at any time The model database in use is known as the current model database and Abaqus CAE displays its name across the top of the main window For more information e What is an Abaqus CAE model database Section 9 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual model definition The internal Abaqus representation of the model For more information Defining a model in Abaqus Section 1 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Controlling the input file generated by Abaqus CAE Section 9 10 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual modeling space The space a part inhabits A part can inhabit three dimensional two dimensional or axisymmetric modeling space For more information e Part modeling space Section 11 4 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual module A functional unit of Abaqus CAE Each module defines a logical aspect of the modeling process such as defining the geometry defining material properties and generating a mesh and contains only those tools that are relev
66. of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual substructure dynamic modes Eigenmodes and residual modes that are retained in a substructure definition For more information e Defining substructures Section 10 1 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 39 Substructures of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual suppress The process of temporarily deleting a feature from an Abaqus CAE model to simplify the appearance of a part or assembly In addition suppressing a feature can increase the speed of regeneration See also resume For more information e Using the Feature Manipulation toolset Section 65 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual surface A named region that can be defined on the faces edges or nodes of a geometric rigid body or a discrete finite element model A surface definition can also contain information to distinguish between the positive and negative sides of the surface For more information e Surfaces overview Section 2 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 73 The Set and Surface toolsets of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 62 GLOSSARY Surface toolset An Abaqus CAE toolset that allows you to create and manage surfaces in all Abaqus CAE modules except the Visualization module For more information Chapter 73 The Set and Surface toolsets of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual swept meshing A technique used by Abaqus CAE to mesh complex extruded or revolved solid region
67. ollection of positioned part instances A model contains only one assembly For more information Defining an assembly Section 2 10 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 13 The Assembly module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Assembly module An Abaqus CAE module used to create instances of parts and to construct an assembly by positioning those instances relative to each other in a global coordinate system For more information Chapter 13 The Assembly module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual assembly related modules Abaqus CAE modules in which the assembly is displayed in the viewport The Assembly Step Interaction Load and Mesh modules are considered to be assembly related modules For more information e What is a module Section 2 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual assembly set Named groupings of points edges surfaces or volumes that identify regions of an Abaqus CAE assembly For more information How do part sets and assembly sets differ Section 73 2 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual GLOSSARY attachment line A feature in Abaqus CAE that allows you to specify the location of discrete fasteners by projecting selected points through multiple faces For more information e Understanding attachment points and lines Section 59 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual attachment point A feature in Abaqus CAE that allows you to specify the location of a positioning
68. ormation e Sketching fillets between two lines Section 20 10 9 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual e Blending edges Section 11 27 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual fixed interface substructure dynamic modes Substructure dynamic modes 1n which all retained degrees of freedom have been constrained For more information e Defining substructures Section 10 1 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual fixed part instance The part instance whose position remains fixed during the application of an assembly constraint in Abaqus CAE For more information How the position constraint methods differ Section 13 4 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual frame In a structure a mechanical skeleton structure In a finite element model a frame element provides efficient modeling for design calculations of frame like structures composed of initially straight slender members For more information Frame elements Section 29 4 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual In history output data a container in the output database structure that corresponds to a snapshot in the history of the simulation In addition the term applies to a single plot in an animating series For more information G 26 GLOSSARY e Generating output database reports Section 3 2 17 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Selecting the results step and frame Se
69. osed to regular dimensions that fix the geometry at the dimensioned size You can use reference dimensions to indicate the size of reference geometry or to provide alternate dimensions without overconstraining a sketch For more information e Constraining dimensioning and parameterizing a sketch Section 20 12 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual reference geometry In Abaqus CAE the edges and vertices of the existing part or assembly that are in the same plane as the sketch plane Abaqus CAE projects the reference geometry onto the sketch sheet when you enter the Sketch module you can select reference geometry to help position objects and to constrain the sketch to the underlying geometry For more information e Reference geometry Section 20 5 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual reference representation An alternative representation of a part or a subset one or more cells of a part that is not used in an Abaqus CAE analysis The reference representation replaces a selected part or portion of a part The replaced geometry is removed from the active representation of the part the geometry that will be meshed and used in an analysis leaving the reference representation to display a translucent view of the same geometry The reference representation is typically used as a tool to create a new active representation such as a midsurface model For more information e Understanding
70. other two dimensions and in which the stresses in the thickness direction are negligible For more information e Shell section behavior Section 29 6 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Defining sections Section 12 2 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual sizing method The method used by Abaqus CAE to generate new element sizes during the adaptive remesh process For a particular variable a sizing method reads and operates on a field of base solution values and their corresponding error indicator output variables from a region defined by the G 57 GLOSSARY remeshing rule Abaqus uses the sizing method to calculate new element sizes Abaqus CAE provides two sizing methods Uniform error distribution and Minimum maximum control For more information e Sizing methods in Solution based mesh sizing Section 12 3 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Choosing the remeshing rule sizing method Section 17 21 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual sketch A two dimensional profile that is used to help form the geometry defining an Abaqus CAE native part You use sketches to create planar or axisymmetric features or you can extrude revolve or sweep a sketch to form a three dimensional feature For more information e Chapter 20 The Sketch module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual sketch coordinates The cursor coordinates that appear in the upper right corn
71. ou to select sweep extrude or revolve methods and parameters such as the source GLOSSARY C and connecting faces that Abaqus CAE uses to build up a solid mesh of hexahedral elements See also top down meshing For more information e Chapter 17 The Mesh module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual boundary condition A prescribed value for a basic solution variable such as displacement rotation or temperature For more information e Boundary conditions in Abaqus Standard and Abaqus Explicit Section 33 3 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Boundary conditions in Abaqus CFD Section 33 3 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Chapter 16 The Load module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual boundary face In an Abaqus Standard analysis an exterior face or a face of a free surface For more information e Eulerian analysis Section 14 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual In an Abaqus CAE model a face of a three dimensional element that is shared by only a single element For more information e Merging and cutting part instances Section 13 6 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual boundary mesh The mesh generated on the boundary faces of a three dimensional geometric region For more information e What is a tetrahedral boundary mesh Section 17 10 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual CAD Connection toolset An Abaqus CAE toolset that allows you to create a connection from Abaqus CAE to a
72. part Part sets are available only when you are in the Part or Property modules For more information How do part sets and assembly sets differ Section 73 2 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual A line you define by specifying a series of points through your model You can view results along the path in the form of an X Y plot For more information Chapter 48 Viewing results along a path of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual plot state A combination of all the active customization options that produce a plot in the viewport You enter a particular plot state by producing a plot of the corresponding type For example if you produce an undeformed plot the current viewport will then be in the undeformed plot state The plot state of a viewport persists and Abaqus CAE updates it with any changes you make to the customization options until you produce a plot in some other state in that viewport For more information e What is a plot state Section 40 3 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual plug in A piece of software that installs itself into another application to extend the capabilities of that application For more information e What is a plug in Section 81 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual e Chapter 82 Abaqus plug ins of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual G 45 GLOSSARY PNG Portable Network Graphics An industry standard for storing bitmap images
73. point for point based fasteners For more information e Understanding attachment points and lines Section 59 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Attachment toolset An Abaqus CAE toolset available in the Property Assembly and Interaction modules that allows you to create and manage attachment points and lines that you can use to create point based and discrete fasteners respectively For more information Chapter 59 The Attachment toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual AutoCAD files Two dimensional profiles stored in AutoCAD files file name dxf that can be imported into Abaqus CAE as stand alone sketches For more information e Imported sketches Section 20 3 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual base feature The first feature you create when building an Abaqus CAE part you construct the remainder of the part by adding more features that either modify or add detail to the base feature All other features of the part are children of the base feature therefore the base feature cannot be suppressed or deleted For more information e The base feature Section 11 3 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual GLOSSARY base solution In general the initial run or solution of a process the meaning varies according to the context in which the term is used For more information Characteristics of error indicators in Solution based mesh sizing Section 12 3 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User
74. put databases and session specific data such as X Y data and X Y plots This tool shares the left side of the Abaqus CAE interface with the Model Tree G 53 GLOSSARY For more information e An overview of the Results Tree Section 3 5 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual resume The process of restoring a feature that was temporarily deleted from an Abaqus CAE model to simplify the appearance of a part or assembly See also suppress For more information e Using the Feature Manipulation toolset Section 65 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual rigid body A collection of nodes elements and or surfaces that is so much stiffer than the rest of the model that its deformation can be considered negligible In Abaqus Standard and Abaqus Explicit a rigid body is a collection of rigid elements See also analytical rigid surface or discrete rigid part for information about rigid bodies in Abaqus CAE For more information e Analytical rigid surface definition Section 2 3 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Modeling rigid bodies and display bodies Section 11 7 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual rigid body reference node The node located at the rigid body reference point When constraining the rigid body you apply constraints to the degrees of freedom of the rigid body reference node For more information e Analytical rigid surface definition Section 2 3 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e The
75. py of the original Abaqus CAE part except that an instance also maintains its association with the original part 1f you modify the part the part instance is also modified at the same time When you assemble your model you work with part instances not with the original parts For more information Defining an assembly Section 2 10 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Working with part instances Section 13 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual partition A feature used to divide an Abaqus CAE part or assembly into regions Such regions have many uses for example applying loads or assigning mesh attributes For more information Chapter 70 The Partition toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Partition toolset An Abaqus CAE toolset that allows you to divide a part or assembly into regions For more information Chapter 70 The Partition toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Part module An Abaqus CAE module used to create edit and manage the parts in the current model G 44 GLOSSARY For more information Chapter 11 The Part module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual part related modules Abaqus CAE modules in which parts are displayed in the viewport The Part and Property modules are considered part related modules For more information e What is a module Section 2 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual part set path An Abaqus CAE set consisting of a region of a
76. qus CAE User s Manual G 21 GLOSSARY Elysium Neutral file A file format used to import geometry from the following CAD applications using the appropriate Elysium translator plug in e DEAS using the Elysium translator plug in NX using the Abaqus CAE Associative Interface for NX e Pro ENGINEER using the Pro ENGINEER Associative Interface You can import parts in Elysium Neutral File format however you cannot export parts in Elysium Neutral File format For more information e What kinds of files can be imported and exported from Abaqus CAE Section 10 1 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Importing parts Section 10 7 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual encastre A fixed displacement and rotation boundary condition encrypt To convert an Abaqus data file into an encoded password protected format that only authorized parties can access The abaqus encrypt utility is intended for the encryption of data that you include by reference in input inp files or other data files For more information e Encrypting and decrypting Abaqus input data Section 3 2 32 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual EPS Encapsulated PostScript A variation of PostScript that describes a single graphic designed to be included in a larger document without modification Abaqus CAE allows you to save images of selected viewports in EPS format files For more information e
77. redefined field A time dependent non solution dependent condition that exists over the spatial domain of the model For more information Predefined fields Section 33 6 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Creating and modifying prescribed conditions Section 16 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 46 GLOSSARY prescribed condition An external condition such as a load an initial condition or a boundary condition applied to a model For more information e Prescribed conditions overview Section 33 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Chapter 16 The Load module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual preselection A change in the appearance of objects on the screen to help you make the desired selections for a particular Abaqus CAE procedure Two types of preselection are available e Preselection highlighting appears in an Abaqus CAE viewport when you stop moving the cursor Any objects that would be selected at the current cursor position are highlighted in orange e Preselection symbols appear on an Abaqus CAE sketch as you move the cursor around to select a point such as the center of a circle or the end of a line Preselection symbols help you position the cursor and indicate a point on the sketch that can be selected such as a vertex or a midpoint If you click when preselection highlighting or a preselection symbol is visible Abaqus CAE selects the indicated object For more informa
78. reference point Section 11 8 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual rigid body reference point A selected point that 1s used to define the motion of a rigid body a rigid part in Abaqus CAE or to apply constraints to a rigid body For more information e Analytical rigid surface definition Section 2 3 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e The reference point Section 11 8 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual round A concave easing of an interior corner of a part used to reduce stress concentration also known as a fillet You can use the blend tools in the Part module to round selected edges of the part in the current viewport to the desired radius G 54 GLOSSARY For more information e Blend features Section 11 9 5 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual scale factor animation A series of plots in Abaqus CAE created from a single step and frame of the output database ODB The different plots are formed by multiplying the deformation scale factor by a range of animation scale factors For more information e Scale factor animation Section 49 1 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual scratch output database ods file A file job name ods that contains a session step and is deleted automatically when the original output database file is closed or when the Abaqus CAE session ends For more information Understanding the files generated by creating and analyzing a model Section 9 4 of the Ab
79. rt A part that is assumed to be rigid and is used in contact analyses to model bodies that cannot deform See also deformable part For more information e Rigid parts Section 11 7 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual discrete set An Abaqus CAE set that is made up of either nodes or elements that you have selected from an orphan mesh For more information Chapter 73 The Set and Surface toolsets of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual display group A collection of selected model components in Abaqus CAE that can contain any combination of part instances geometry cells faces or edges nodes elements and surfaces or the default entire model A display group allows you to reduce clutter on your screen and to focus on an area of interest within your model GLOSSARY For more information Chapter 78 Using display groups to display subsets of your model ofthe Abaqus CAE User s Manual display list A feature in Abaqus CAE that helps you display repeated images faster When an object is displayed repeatedly for example in an animation the system must perform many computations to render each animation frame If you enable the display list option the results of these computations are stored in a display list the first time you display the animation The next time you display the animation Abaqus CAE refers to the display list instead of performing the calculations again as a result the animation is faster For
80. s when you mesh a part or a part instance For more information Chapter 75 The Virtual Topology toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Visualization module An Abaqus CAE module that provides graphical display of finite element models and results It obtains model and result information from the output database odb Major capabilities of the Visualization module include undeformed and deformed shape plotting results contour and symbol plotting X Y plotting and reporting field output reporting plot customization and animation The Visualization module is also licensed separately as Abaqus Viewer For more information Chapter 40 Visualization module basics of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual volume fraction In an Eulerian analysis the amount of any given material in an element s volume expressed in terms of a percentage between zero and one For more information e Eulerian analysis Section 14 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 28 Eulerian analyses of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual volume fraction tool An Abaqus CAE tool that creates a discrete field that specifies a volume fraction for each element in an Eulerian part instance based on the spatial overlap between that element and a reference part instance in the model assembly The discrete field can be used to create a material assignment predefined field in the Eulerian part instance that corresponds to the geometry of the
81. s Manual Eulerian Lagrangian analysis A finite element technique that involves the interaction between pure Eulerian part instances and pure Lagrangian part instances within the same model Contact can be defined between the elements in the Lagrangian part and the material boundaries in the Eulerian part For more information e Eulerian analysis Section 14 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 28 Eulerian analyses of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Eulerian part A part that acts as a domain in which materials can flow in an Eulerian analysis Any arbitrarily shaped three dimensional part that you can create or import in Abaqus CAE can be specified as an Eulerian part For more information Part types Section 11 4 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual extended functionality release An Abaqus release that provides early access to a subset of features developed for the next general release An extended functionality release is designated by the product name and release number followed by EF and a single digit such as Abaqus 6 12 EF1 extended functionality general release and Abaqus 6 12 EF2 extended functionality maintenance delivery See also general release and maintenance delivery facet An individual element face or edge fastener A point to point connection between two or more surfaces such as a spot weld or rivet connection When you model fasteners the attachment to each of the surfaces being
82. s User s Manual regenerate A process that recalculates model geometry after a feature of an Abaqus CAE model has been modified by default Abaqus CAE automatically regenerates all dependent features if you modify a feature For example if you modify a feature of a part Abaqus CAE regenerates the part any instances of the part in the assembly and the final mesh For more information e Using the Feature Manipulation toolset Section 65 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual region Any particular portion of an Abaqus CAE model A region can be a vertex edge face cell node element or a collection of these entities You can specify and name specific regions of a part or assembly by creating sets and surfaces that contain those regions You can divide a part or an assembly into more regions by partitioning it For more information Chapter 73 The Set and Surface toolsets of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual remeshing rule A rule used by Abaqus CAE to adapt your mesh iteratively to meet specified error targets A remeshing rule describes all aspects of your adaptive meshing specification G 52 GLOSSARY e The region to which the rule will be applied e The step during which the rule will be applied e The error indicator output variables e The sizing method e Sizing constraints For more information e What are remeshing rules Section 17 13 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual render style The style in which you
83. s as well as revolved surface regions The swept meshing technique involves two phases e Abaqus CAE creates a mesh on one side of the region known as the source side e Abaqus CAE copies the nodes of that mesh one element layer at a time until the final side known as the target side is reached For more information e Swept meshing Section 17 9 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual symbol plot An Abaqus CAE plot that shows the magnitude and direction of a particular vector or tensor variable at a specified step and frame ofthe analysis Abaqus CAE represents the values as symbols arrows drawn at the locations in the model where the results were obtained For more information Chapter 45 Plotting analysis results as symbols of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual synchronization The process by which Abaqus CAE animates data in every animation eligible viewport in your session at the same time so that the viewports play stop and increment together when you examine data frame by frame animate a model plot or animate a time dependent X Y plot For more information e Controlling animations in multiple viewports Section 49 4 6 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual tab A labeled group of options in an Abaqus CAE dialog box For more information e Using dialog boxes separated by tabs Section 3 2 6 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 63 GLOSSARY text field An area in
84. s between entities in a sketch For more information e Customizing the use of constraints in the Sketcher Section 20 9 10 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual constraint control point The point in a coupling constraint definition to which the motion of the coupled surface is constrained For more information Coupling constraints Section 34 3 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Defining coupling constraints Section 15 15 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual constraint region An element based or node based surface involved in a coupling constraint For more information Coupling constraints Section 34 3 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Defining coupling constraints Section 15 15 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual GLOSSARY construction geometry Points lines or circles in the Abaqus CAE Sketch module that help you position and align objects in your sketch Construction geometry is visible only when you are sketching and is not visible on the part or assembly you are creating or modifying after you exit the Sketch module For more information e Construction geometry Section 20 5 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual e Connectors overview Section 31 1 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual contact initialization
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86. slations For shell and beam elements the degrees of freedom are the rotations at each node For more information e Conventions Section 1 2 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual GLOSSARY Discrete Field toolset An Abaqus CAE toolset that allows you to create and manage discrete fields in the Property module the Interaction module or the Load module Discrete fields associate unique values with individual nodes or elements in a meshed model You can use discrete fields to define spatially varying parameters for selected model attributes such as a temperature that varies by node over a region in an initial temperature predefined field For more information e Chapter 63 The Discrete Field toolset of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual discrete orientation A definition of a spatially varying orientation for each native or orphan mesh element A discrete orientation can be based on the topology of the part You define the normal axis and the primary axis and Abaqus CAE uses these axes to construct a right handed Cartesian coordinate system A variety of selection methods are available to define the desired axes Discrete orientations can be used for material orientations and composite layup orientations For more information e Using discrete orientations for material orientations and composite layup orientations Section 12 16 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual discrete rigid pa
87. ssues identified in status reports but does not include enhancements or new functionality Maintenance deliveries are designated by the product name and release number followed by 2 3 etc such as Abaqus 6 12 2 and Abaqus 6 12 3 See also general release manager See basic manager and step dependent manager material orientation triad An Abaqus CAE viewport annotation that indicates the material directions of elements in your model at the element integration points in the Visualization module For more information e Customizing material orientation plot triads Section 46 4 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual membrane sections Thin surfaces in space that offer strength in the plane of the surface but have no bending stiffness For more information Membrane elements Section 29 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Defining sections Section 12 2 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 36 GLOSSARY mesh An arrangement of finite elements defined on an FEA model You can define a mesh on a part or on the assembly Meshing is the activity of discretizing geometry into a finite element representation For more information e Element definition Section 2 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Chapter 17 The Mesh module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual mesh geometry association Abaqus CAE techniques used to associate a mesh with geometry for the proper
88. t is available at tp simulia com Login as user anonymous and type your e mail address as your password Contact support before placing files on the site Training All offices and representatives offer regularly scheduled public training classes The courses are offered in a traditional classroom form and via the Web We also provide training seminars at customer sites All training classes and seminars include workshops to provide as much practical experience with Abaqus as possible For a schedule and descriptions of available classes see www simulia com or call your local office or representative Feedback We welcome any suggestions for improvements to Abaqus software the support program or documentation We will ensure that any enhancement requests you make are considered for future releases If you wish to make a suggestion about the service or products refer to www simulia com Complaints should be made by contacting your local office or through www simulia com by visiting the Quality Assurance section of the Support page Part I Using the Abaqus Glossary This glossary defines technical terms as they apply to the Abaqus Unified FEA Product Suite Terms may have more than one definition depending on which product they are referring to and the context in which they are used Cross references to relevant sections throughout the documentation collection are provided GLOSSARY Terms and definitions Numeric 3D compass An
89. technique Section 2 2 2 of the Abaqus Theory Manual keyword An input option in Abaqus Standard Abaqus Explicit and Abaqus CFD that indicates the kind of data definitions specified in option blocks For example if you want to use a particular material in an analysis you must add an option block beginning with the keyword MATERIAL to the input file Keywords are always preceded by an asterisk and appear in uppercase characters in the Abaqus documentation For more information e Abaqus Keywords Reference Manual e Input syntax rules Section 1 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual keyword line The first line of an option block in an Abaqus input file Keyword lines begin with a particular keyword followed in some cases by parameters associated with the keyword For example the keyword line of an option block describing a material might appear as MATERIAL NAME name In this case MATERIAL is the keyword and NAME is a parameter that allows you to specify the name of the material being defined For more information e Input syntax rules Section 1 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual keyword parameter Words or phrases on a keyword line that are used to define the behavior of an option Parameters can stand alone or have a value and they may be required or optional An example is the keyword parameter TYPE used with the keyword ELEMENT to specify what type of element such as solid beam or shell is being
90. the reference representation Section 35 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual reference surface The spatial geometry defined by the nodes and normal directions of conventional shell elements The reference surface is typically positioned at the center of the shell s thickness but it is also possible to offset the reference surface from the midsurface G 51 GLOSSARY For more information e Shell elements overview Section 29 6 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Defining the initial geometry of conventional shell elements Section 29 6 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Defining a temperature field Section 16 11 9 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual refinement rate limit An upper bound on the total number of elements calculated by the remesh algorithm in Abaqus CAE that modulates the aggressivity of the sizing method and controls the introduction of smaller elements When Abaqus CAE is remeshing your model adaptively the coarsening rate limit that you specified in the remeshing rule modulates the rate at which smaller elements are introduced into the mesh The refinement factor has a significant effect on the convergence of the adaptive meshing procedure and may help you achieve faster and more efficient mesh convergence For more information Refinement and coarsening rate factors in Solution based mesh sizing Section 12 3 3 of the Abaqus Analysi
91. tion e Selecting and unselecting individual objects Section 6 2 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual e The Sketcher cursors and preselection Section 20 4 5 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual primary axis An approximate material direction for a discrete orientation Abaqus CAE uses the primary axis and the normal axis to construct a right handed Cartesian coordinate system You choose the coordinate system axis that you want the primary axis to represent in the resultant orientation and select topology or datums or enter vector values to define the desired axis For more information Using discrete orientations for material orientations and composite layup orientations Section 12 16 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual primary cursor An active cursor that you use with most applications on your computer The primary cursor usually appears as an arrow pointer you position this cursor by moving the mouse See also secondary cursor G 47 GLOSSARY For more information e The Sketcher cursors and preselection Section 20 4 5 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual printed output dat file A file j0b_name dat that contains information generated by the Abaqus analysis input file preprocessor including the model definition and any error or warning messages that were detected while processing the input data In addition the printed output file contains any printed output data writt
92. ual general release The first general availability release of Abaqus that introduces enhancements and new functionality A general release is designated by the product name and release number followed by a 1 such as Abaqus 6 12 1 See also maintenance delivery geometric nonlinearity NLGEOM Nonlinear stiffness variations caused by large deformations or rotations For more information e General and linear perturbation procedures Section 6 1 3 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Linear and nonlinear procedures Section 14 3 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual geometry set Geometric objects such as cells faces edges and vertices that you select in Abaqus CAE from an unmeshed part or assembly The geometric objects can be of different types for example you can include a face and an edge in the same set G 28 GLOSSARY For more information Chapter 73 The Set and Surface toolsets of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual geometry surface A surface you create in Abaqus CAE by selecting faces or edges from native or imported geometry in an assembly For more information Chapter 73 The Set and Surface toolsets of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual grid coordinates The cursor coordinates that appear in the upper left corner of the Abaqus CAE Sketcher as you create new sketch geometry They are tied to the current origin and rotation of the sketch grid For more information e Realigning the sketc
93. ubstructure dynamic modes in which none of the retained degrees of freedom have been constrained For more information e Defining substructures Section 10 1 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual free rotation handle The point at the top ofthe 3D compass that allows you to rotate the view of a model in any direction G 27 GLOSSARY For more information e Rotating the view using the 3D compass Section 5 3 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual frustum The three dimensional space visible in a viewport in movie camera mode it is a truncated pyramid with its apex at the camera position The frustum begins at the near plane a plane parallel to the pyramid base but closer to the camera and extends to the far plane the pyramid base The near plane and far plane positions are determined by the view options in Abaqus CAE For more information e Understanding camera modes and view options Section 5 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual general contact A simple interface that can be used to enforce contact between all exterior surfaces in a model with a single interaction definition also known as automatic contact For more information Defining general contact in Abaqus Standard Section 35 2 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual Defining general contact in Abaqus Explicit Section 35 4 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Understanding interactions Section 15 3 of the Abaqus CAE User s Man
94. various other parameters For more information e Chapter 12 The Property module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual section point An integration point When you define shell or beam sections that are integrated during an analysis you must specify the number of section integration points through the thickness of the section A group of section points is located at each material integration point over the surface of a shell element or along the length of a beam element For more information Chapter 12 The Property module of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual seed Markers that you place along the edges of an unmeshed assembly in Abaqus CAE to indicate the desired density of the mesh By default mesh seeds provide only a target mesh density 1f necessary the mesh generator alters the original seed distribution to generate the mesh successfully You can prevent this redistribution by constraining seeds For more information e Understanding seeding Section 17 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual session The time during which a program accepts input processes information and responds to user commands An Abaqus CAE session begins when you start Abaqus CAE and continues until you exit For more information e Starting and exiting Abaqus CAE Section 2 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual session step A step in the scratch output database file job name ods in which Abaqus CAE saves field output that you have created b
95. y either operating on existing field output variables or combining results from several analysis frames For more information e Starting and exiting Abaqus CAE Section 2 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual G 56 GLOSSARY set A named region or collection of objects on which you can perform various operations See also node set element set geometry set and discrete set For more information e Input syntax rules Section 1 2 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Understanding sets and surfaces Section 73 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Set toolset An Abaqus CAE toolset that allows you to create and manage sets in all Abaqus CAE modules except the Visualization module For more information Chapter 73 The Set and Surface toolsets of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual shell In reference to an element formulation a shell is an element formulation that captures bending and membrane behavior suitable for structures where the thickness is small relative to other dimensions For more information e Shell elements Section 29 6 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual In reference to a geometry type a shell is a surface geometry For more information e The relationship between parts and features Section 11 3 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual shell sections The section properties of shell regions Shells model structures in which one dimension the thickness is significantly smaller than the
96. y viewport A user defined view is saved for the duration of the session See also view For more information e Saving a user defined view Section 5 6 9 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual in the online HTML version of this manual user subroutine Code you write to increase the functionality of several Abaqus options for which data line usage may be too restrictive A user subroutine is typically written as FORTRAN code For more information User subroutines and utilities Section 18 1 of the Abaqus Analysis User s Manual e Abaqus User Subroutines Reference Manual view The position orientation and scale factor define the view of an object in an Abaqus CAE viewport For more information e Understanding the view manipulation tools Section 5 2 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual view orientation triad A set of three perpendicular axes that indicate the orientation of your view of the model currently being displayed G 66 GLOSSARY For more information e Customizing the view triad Section 5 4 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual viewport An area on the Abaqus CAE canvas where you can display models or analysis results You can create multiple viewports that can be moved resized and deleted For more information e What is a viewport Section 4 1 1 of the Abaqus CAE User s Manual Virtual Topology toolset An Abaqus CAE toolset that allows you to ignore small details such as very small faces and edge

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