User manual of `PLATE`: A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR
Contents
1. company projects zwfotos P 26 474 550 foto i 26 450 500 filmi 200 470 600 film2 t f 7 film3 0 274 400 film4 z 0 274 400 film5 e 0 H films 350 600 film 26 74 160 D tasks filml ontwikl ontwikl 72 r H filmi rood afdr r 96 b filmi groen afdr g P 96 e D film blauw afdr b 96 z film ontwikl ontwikl 2 72 0 e f H film2 rood afdr r 96 b filme groen afdr g z 96 D film blauw afdr b 96 A 174 200 7 film3 ontwik Ont wik i 12 e H film3 rood afdr r 96 H film3 groen afdr g e 96 t e film3 blauw afdr b Z 96 T r e film4 ontwikl ontwikl 72 E P r film4 rood afdr r n 96 H film4 groen afdr g P 96 r 7 film4 blauw afdr b 96 e films ontwik ontwikl T 42 r D z films rood afdr r e 96 Z D films groen afdr g P 96 F z films blauw afdr b pi 96 174 200 hi film ontwikl ontwikl 12 200 D p H film6 rood afdr r 96 H film6 qroen afdr g 96 r 7 i film6 olauw afdr b e 96 W I 350 7 film ontwik ontwikl 7 72 i r film rood afdr r T 96 e r r b film groen afdr g 96 i filmi blauw afdr b 96 74 150 zwlotos ontwl ontwikl 72 0 e p zwfotos afdrl afdruk i 30 134 174 H zwfotos ontw2 ontwikl 72 126 z zwfotos afdr2 afdruk 30 474 j zw otos ontw3 ontwikl i 72 0 r H zwfot2. 2 4 Shifting a task in the schedule When you want to shift a task in the horizontal direction first put the task in the Clipboard by placing the cursor on the relevant task and then press lt F5 gt Then move the cursor to the new position and press lt Enter gt If the task cannot be placed in that position because there is no space 5 Manual Planning the task stays in the clipboard You can fill the clipboard with all the tasks which are already scheduled To scroll through the Clipboard press the lt gt and lt gt keys The only visible item in the clipboard is the active one and will be placed in the schedule after pressing lt Enter gt To move a task in vertical position change the resourceset you have to remove the task from the schedule by pressing lt Del gt and allocate the task again lt F3 gt or lt F4 gt Tasks which are on the Clipboard when leaving the Manual Planning Mode will be considered as removed 2 5 Keys you can use in the planning board The next functions are available Cursor movement functions lt T gt Move cursor up lt l gt Move cursor down lt Move cursor left lt gt Move cursor right Scroll functions lt PgUp gt Scroll Planning Window up lt PgDn gt Scroll Planning Window down lt HOME gt Scroll Planning Window left lt END gt Scroll Planning Window right Scheduling functions lt F3 gt Select respectivily project task and resourceset to sche
3. films foto foto foto zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos 2zwfotos 1 zwEotos 1 zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos Zwfotos foto foto foto filml Ei li filml ond Wl ontw20 ontwll afdril afdrli2 ontwl3 ontwikl groen8 blauw8 afdr10 afdr20 ontwikl afdri8 rood8 rood groen blauw rood4 groen4 blauw4 ontwl4 ontw15 ontwl6 ontwl7 ontw8 ontwl9 afdri3 afdr2 afdrl4 afdrls afdri afdrl afdr8 afdri9 blauw5 groen5 roods rood groen blauw 23 1 end wi j ontwl 3 ontwl j zw jrzw J ontw1 p ontwl p groen p blauw e p zw p zw prontwil r P7ZW k rood k rood k groen k blauw k rood k groen k blauw J ontw1 Jj ontw1l1 j ontwl jrontwl j ontwl jrontwl J Zw PZW P ZW prZw PEN e D Zw PZW PZW k blauw K groen k rood k rood k groen K blauw EE 5 S 5 TE wm S S 5 mn wm x lt x wx S 5 S S S S S mm ox a s lt s xs x x lt GH 344 350 356 362 368 326 332 338 344 350 362 368 326 332 340 348 356 362 368 426 432 438 444 450 456 468 426 432 438 444 450 456 462 426 432 438 444 452 460 idi 350 356 362 368 374 332 338 344 350 356 368 374 332 340 348 356 362 368 374 432 438 444 450 456 462 474 432 438 444
4. 450 456 462 468 432 438 444 452 460 468
5. 1 3 Installing the system Manual planning 2 1 Starting the manual planner 2 2 The screen 2 3 Planning a new task 2 4 Shifting a task in the schedule 2 5 Keys to use on the planboard Automatic planning 3 1 Starting the automatic planner 3 2 Short description of the planner s operations 3 3 The options The shell 4 1 Starting the shell 4 2 Structure of the shell 4 3 Compiling schedules to an ASCII file 4 4 Selecting a criterion 4 5 Selecting a schedule 4 6 Selecting the planning mode 4 7 Displaying the problem ASCII file Utilities 5 1 The problem instance compiler 5 2 The syntax checker 5 3 The ASCII editor Literature Appendix 1 Example of a case A photo development and printing company Appendix 2 A feasible schedule for the photo development and printing company Introduction 1 Introduction 1 1 General remarks In the framework of an exercise in Resource Constrained Project Scheduling the Section Information Systems of the Department of Mathematics and Computer Science at the T U E has developed a prototype D S S for the problem situation that has been described in 1 See also 3 for a short formal summary of the problem In 3 are the main components of our system discussed This User Manual gives support in using the D S S Our system consists of several parts which are described in different chapters A manual planner to inspect a schedule on screen to as
6. Result repart Resourca segment occupation Generate Yes Smooth exceedings 100 000 Name segsched res Total exceedings 20000 000 Resourcesetf segment oacccupation Smooth exceedings 20 000 Total exceedings 20000 000 3 3 2 3 Sequence scheduler parameters No explanation is necessary 3 3 2 4 Fast time scheduler No explanation is necessary Automatic planning 3 3 2 5 L P time scheduler Only the first parameter needs some explanation L P time scheduling handles the tasks in a number of batches In every batch for a certain number of tasks say n starting and completion times will be determined When f 0 lt f lt 1 is the minimal fraction of running tasks for at least fn tasks the allocations will be kept after determination The time allocations for the other tasks will be removed when expected bad These tasks will be processed in a next batch The lower f the better the results but the slower the scheduler more batches are needed 3 3 3 Run scheduler This option calls the automatic scheduler It extends the actual schedule to a complete schedule by sequentially walking through the 4 phases as mentioned The progress of the scheduler can continuously be monitored on screen When scheduling is complete the system reports the number of errors in the resulting schedule see screen dump below for an example The reportfiles the paths and names of which are set in the parameter forms contain useful information an
7. for the 5 schedulers in the system After selecting this menu option a submenu appears where the scheduler can be selected for which one wants to change the parameters 1 Resource scheduler 2 Segment scheduler 3 sEquence scheduler 4 Fast time scheduler 5 L P time scheduler The cditing of parameters works via so called forms Moving between entries in a form works via the standard cursor keys and the lt RETURN gt key Automatic planning 3 3 2 1 Resource scheduler parameters Layout of the form Resourcescheduler Parameters Search data Evaluetor data Max nodes 25 occupation resources 0 900 Max depth 1 occupation resourcesets 0 550 local tasks 6 Evaluator weights Result files Feasibility 1000000000 Search report Freedom 3 000 Generate No Duedate distance 0 000 Name ressched ext Rasource occupation Result report Smooth exceedings 40 0060 Generate Yes Total exceedings 2000 000 Name ressched res Resourceset occupation Smooth exceeding 20 000 Total exceedings 1500 000 3 3 2 2 Segment scheduler parameters Layout of the form Sagmentscheduler Parameters Search data Evaluator data nodes 25 Occup resourcesegments 1 000 depth 1 Occup resourceset segments 1 000 local tasks 6 Evaluator weights Result files Feasibility 1000000000 Search report Freedom local tasks 2 000 Genarate No Freedom precedences 2 000 Name segsched ext Duedate distance 1 000
8. lt T gt to choose the criterion When there are more items than shown on the screen lt PgUp gt and lt PgDn gt can be used to select previous next menu pages Press lt Enter gt to select the criterion that is coloured after you will go directly to menu2 were you are able to select a schedule Press lt Esc gt to cancel and retum to menul 4 5 Selecting a schedule After you have selected a criterion you have to specify with which schedule you want to work This can be an existing schedule which you want to modify an existing schedule which you want to modify under a new name or a completely new empty schedule Choose the item you want by using lt T gt and lt gt and press lt Enter gt You may select an existing schedule name and or specify a new schedule name Press lt Esc gt when you want to return to the previous menu otherwise you will enter menu3 4 6 Selecting the planning mode Here we arrived at the main part of the program Planning You can choose between two planning modes manual or automatic planning Both planning modes are described in previous chapters see 2 and 3 lt Esc gt can be used to return to the previous menu 4 7 Display the problem instance file By pressing lt F2 gt you may inspect the problem instance file during the planning session The next functions are available in this viewer Scroll functions lt T gt Scroll screen one row up lt l gt Scroll screen one row down lt En
9. ontwl F 38 44 sl cl zwfotos ontwl j ontwl 44 50 si Cl foto ontwl jrontwl A 50 56 si ed film2 ontwikl 1 ontwl i 56 62 s gel foto ontw3 jrontwl i 62 68 si Cl foto road pr rood b Be 38 si os foto groen p groen f 38 44 sl cl foto blauw7 p blauw 7 44 S07 sl rel film7 rood p rood i 50 58 EN eel film groen p groen 58 66 si set film blauw p blauw 66 74 s1 Ed foto rood2 k rood z 38 44 EN sed foto groen k groen Z 44 50 s Ed foto blauw2 k blauw gt 50 56 sl Fel foto blauwl k blauw 7 56 62 sl eek foto roodl k rood 62 68 o s foto groenl k groen gt 68 74 day Cl zwfotos ontw3 jrontwl e 126 132 s ed foto ontw6 j ontwl i 132 138 s Jl films ontwikl j7ontwl 138 144 EN ze zwfotos ontw7 jrontwl 144 150 5 SEL film4 ontwiki jrontwl e 150 156 s pel film3 ontwikl j ontwl 156 162 s yel zwfotos ontw4 jrontwl e 162 168 5 el zwfotos ontw2 j ontwl i 168 174 s Cl zwfotos afdrl PZW e 126 132 si 7cl film2 rood P rood ji 132 140 sl cl film2 groen p groen 7 140 148 s gel fi lm2 blauw P blauw A 148 156 5 El foto rood6 p rood 156 162 S SE foto groens p groen e 162 168 8 7cl foto blauw6 p blauw Ji 168 174 s el foto rood3 k rood 5 126 132 s rel foto groen3 k groen t 132 138 s1 vel foto blauw3 K blauw 7 138 144 s FEL films rood k r
10. roodl groenl Olauwl ontw2 rood2 groen Dlauw ontw3 Lood3 groen3 blauw3 ont w rood4d groend blauw4 ontw5 rood5 groen5 blauw5 ontw6 rood6 groen6 blauw6 ontw7 rood groen7 blauw ont wa roods groen8 blauw8 ODE wl ont W2 ONtw3 Ont w OPL wi OPL w ontw ont W I Ont N ontwld ontwll ontwl2 ontwl3 ontwl4 ontwlS ontwl ontwl ontwl8 afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk afdruk ontwikl afdr r afdr g afdr b ontwikl afdr r afdr g afdr b ontwikt afdr r afdr g afdr b ontwik afdr r afdr g afdr b ontwikl afdr r afdr g afdr b ontwikl afdr r afdr g afdr b ontwikl afdr r afdr g afdr b ontwik afdr r afdr g afdr b afdrl afdr2 afdr3 afdr4 afdr5 afdr6 afdri afdr8 afdr9 afdr19 afdril afdrl2 afdri3 afdrl4 afdrl5 afdrl afdr17 afdri8 EE w x 5 S 5 S ww N x lt x lt x x lt x lt x x x mn mn S lt S gt S w w x lt x lt x lt lt lt lt 17 200 200 mm S S S 5 S S S S S S a w x S lt S S S amp lt lt S S S S S S S mm S S S wx a nx mx mx x lt x x x x x Ne Ne Ne Ne Se Se Sa Ne s 250 250 250 474 274 474 474 474 474 474 474 474 474 r r 7 f D D f f f i t r f fotol fotol fotol 300 fot
11. whole interval using this resource The task has conflicts w r t the release times or deadlines Blue The resource is not available on the interval and there is one task planned on the whole interval using this resource Red The resource is available on the interval and there is one task planned on the whole interval using this resource The task has conflicts w r t the precedence A hatched colour means that the interval contains more than one piece of information not all information can be displayed The colour indicates only one of the states of the interval with the following priority blue yellow red green grey Often zooming out can be used to separate the information by streching the interval Only when a certain interval always contains more than one piece of information e g when 2 tasks use the same resource and are partially planned in parallel zooming doesn t help The starting time of a task is represented by a black dash The Planning Window is not graphical Its smallest unit is a column More than one task may be scheduled in the interval of a column The Status part is on the left of the Planning Window It contains all information about the active schedule such as the criterion name the schedule name and the name of the task and project where the cursor is pointing at in the Planning Window the active task In this Status part the deadline the release time the duedate and also an indicator of the complete
12. Editors prof dr K M van Hee prof dr H G Sol User manual of PLATE A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR RESOURCE CONSTRAINED PROJECT SCHEDULING PROBLEMS by L vd Bent R v Dommelen A Jansen L Klieb G Wolf NFI 11 91 01 EINDHOVEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY F du Buisson Department of Mathematics and Computing Science P O Box 513 5600 MB EINDHOVEN Januari 1991 L v d Bent Eindhoven University of Technology Faculty of Mathematics and Computing Science P O Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven the Netherlands R v Dommelen Eindhoven University of Technology Faculty of Mathematics and Computing Science P O Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven the Netherlands A Jansen Eindhoven University of Technology Faculty of Mathematics and Computing Science P O Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven the Netherlands L Klieb Eindhoven University of Technology Faculty of Mathematics and Computing Science P O Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven the Netherlands G Wolf Eindhoven University of Technology Faculty of Mathematics and Computing Science P O Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven the Netherlands User manual of PLATE A Decision Support System for Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problems Department of Mathematics and Computing Science Eindhoven University of Technology PO Box 513 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands date 25 01 1990 Contents 1 6 Introduction 1 1 General remarks 1 2 About this manual
13. d rood rood rood rood rood groen groen groen groen groen groen groen blauw blauw blauw blauw blauw blauw blauw roodl groenl blauwl groenl blauwl roodl rood2 groen2 blauw2 aroen blauw2 rood2 rood3 groen3 blauw3 groen3 blauw3 rood3 rood4 groen4 blauwd Groend blauwd rood4 rood5 groen5 blauw5 groen5 blauw5 roods rood6 groens blauw6 groen6 blauw6 rood6 rood7 groen7 blauw 7 groen blanw7 rood roodg groeng blauw8 S 5 S lt lt 5 wm S S mm mx S x x s mm lt lt S S lt X w lt x lt x zm w 5 5 w lt N 5 x ww x x x sw x lt 5 rm x lt o x lt x x x 18 18 18 18 18 Ma we Ne Me Ne wy s Ne se Ne Se Se x x x ER Nw e Ne Me e Do oo o oo O G O OC c x Ne Ne ya e x x ae foto rood8 folo groen8 foto blauw8 D resources baki x bak2 zwlamp Lamp Jan man Piet rman Klaas man r lamp Lamp g lamp e lamp b lamp lamp availabilities Jan y 2 Jan S 12 Jan 22 Jan 5 32 Jan z 42 Jan e 52 Piet 2 Piet A 12 Piet F 22 Piet A 32 Piet s 42 Klaas r 42 Klaas e 32 Klaas ji 22 Klaas D 12 Klaas e 2 Klaas 52 Klaas e 62 baki e bak2 e 10 zwlamp H 2 r lamp g lamp f b lamp e resource sets j ontwl Jan j ontwi bakl p ont w1 Piet p ontwl bakl j ontw2 Jan
14. d a summary of the scheduling decisions taken Note that this option uses the fast time scheduler to generate a left or right justified time schedule depending on the parameter setting Help Edit parameters Run scheduler Scheduling done Total number of tasks 100 Number of conflicts 1 Resourceseatallocations D Timeallocations 0 Total schedulingtime h im s 0 0 14 Press any key to continue 3 3 4 Run scheduler using L P Analogous to 3 2 3 but now L P is used for time scheduling see paragraph 3 2 3 3 5 Clear conflicts This option scans the tasks for errors and removes allocations for wrongly planned tasks The process works non deterministic For example let 3 tasks t u and v be planned as follows each using the same resourceset t u Here we can consider task v in error or both tasks t and u in error Depending on the order in which the tasks will be scanned by the conflict remover only the allocations for task v will be removed or the allocations for both tasks t and u will be removed 10 Automatic planning 3 3 6 Clear schedule This option clears the internal schedule resulting in an empty internal schedule 3 3 7 Manual planning This option retums to the Manual Planning Mode 11 The Shell 4 The Shell 4 1 Starting the Shell System Make sure you are in the directory with the system files and type PLATE data directory lt ENTER gt data dir
15. dule lt F4 gt Select respectivily resourceset project and task to schedule lt Del gt Remove active task from schedule lt F8 gt Automatic planning Zoom functions lt F9 gt Unzoom Planning Window lt F10 gt Zoom Planning Window Display functions lt F2 gt Show problem file lt F7 gt Show criteria Miscellaneous lt Esc gt Quit the Manual Planner with or without saving the updates of the last session Clipboard functions lt F6 gt Remove the active task from the Clipboard lt gt lt gt Scroll Clipboard lt F5 gt Place the active task in the Clipboard lt Enter gt Place the task from the clipboard to the cursor position on the Planning Window Automatic planning 3 Automatic Planning 3 1 Starting the automatic planner The automatic planner can be started from the shell see chapter 4 3 2 Short description of the automatic planner s operation For a description of the approximation method used we refer to 3 Here it suffices to say that our automatic scheduler operates in 4 sequential phases phase Name Objective 1 resource scheduler Determine for each task a resourceset with which it will be processed 2 segment scheduler Place each task in one of the segments during which its allocated resourceset is available 3 sequence scheduler Determine a processing order for each pair of tasks with non disjunct resourcesets they can not be processed in parallel 4
16. e Correct Termination 5 2 The syntax checker Before running the compiler one should use the utility Conform exe to check whether the syntax of the problem definition is correct The usage of this program is as follows CONFORM problem file schedule file message file lt Enter gt Specification of the message file is optional The default name for this file is errors txt The file will contain all errors and wamings found during parsing The problem file is the ASCH problem instance specification to be parsed The schedule file is an ASCII schedule specification to be parsed 5 3 The Ascii editor AHED The AHED Ascii editor is a simple editor like Wordstar which can be used to edit a problem instance file Type AHED to start the editor When you want help use lt F1 gt For more information look in the AHED DOC file 14 6 Literature 1 2 3 J M Anthonisse K M van Hee J K Lenstra Resource Constrained Project Scheduling an International Exercise in DSS Development Decision Support Systems 4 1988 AHED The Ad Hoc Editor M A Covington Advanced Computational Methods Center University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 A Jansen L Klieb C Noorlander G Wolf PLATE A Decision Support System for Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problems Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven 1990 15 Appendix 1 Example of a case A photo development and printing
17. ease 3 30 or higher A preferably fast hard disk with enough space depending on the size of the problem instances i The FILES variable in your system configuration file config sys has to be set to 50 or more We suggest to have one special system directory for PLATE which contains the following complete set of system files PLATE EKE The shell program HA EKE The manual planner AUTORCPS EKE The automatic planner AUTORCPS OVR Overlay file for the automatic planner COMPILE EXE The problem compiler CONFORM EXE The syntax checker AHED COM The Ascii editor AHED DOC The documentation file of Ahed When running a PLATE program one should always have the directory containing these files as Current directory For every problem instance a subdirectory should be created to contain the problem instance file and the corresponding schedule s The batch program Plateinst can be used to install the system You can run this program by typing I PLATEINST source directory target directory lt Enter gt The source and target directory should be specified with their whole pathnames The source directory should contain the system files mentioned above The target directory is the dirctory where the new system will be installed this should be a new or an empty subdirectory Manual Planning 2 Manual Planning 2 1 Starting the Manual Planner The Manual Planner can be run from the shell see chapte
18. ectory is the optional path to the directory of the problem instance which is to be used in this session When you do not specify the data directory the program will prompt you for its name 4 2 Structure of the Shell System The global structure of the shell looks as follows MENU i select a criterion 2 compile the schedule 3 end af session MENU 2 i select an existing schedule 2 copy an existing schedule start with a new schedule MENU 1 aanual planning 2 automatic planning From the MS DOS prompt the introscreen will be displayed where you have to enter the data directory only when you didn t specify it on the command line Then you will see the first menu with three items End of Session Compile the Schedules to an ASCII file and Select a criterion for making a schedule 4 3 Compile schedules to an ASCII file With this menu option you are able to generate an ASCII format text file of all schedules belonging to the problem instance 12 The Shell This file gets the name schedule xxx were xxx stands for the first free number greater than 0 So the first time the program will give the ASCII filc the name schedule 001 the second time schedule 002 etc After completing this task menul will re appear 4 4 Selecting a criterion By chosing the item Select a criterion in the first menu the program will show you all the existing criteria Use lt gt and
19. jrontw2 bak2 prontw2 Piet P ontw2 bak2 j zw Jan d zw zwlamp p zw Piet p zw zwlamp p rood Piet p rood r lamp k rood Klaas k rood r lamp p groen Piet p groen g lamp k groen Klaas k groen g lamp p blauw Piet p blauw b lamp k blauw Klaas k blauw o lamp functions 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 0 0 6 0 24 1 groen8 blauw8 P rood8 kamer1 kamer2 3 zwkamer F r 7 7 H kleurkamer kleurkamer kleurkamer 74 174 274 374 474 574 74 174 274 374 474 474 374 274 174 74 574 674 987654 300 574 600 600 700 Me Ne Se Me Me Me Se Me Sp Se w Wa wa lt lt w Me wa 18 vlie 18 19 12 123 12 ontwik j7ontwl ontwik prontwl ontwik j7ontw2 ontwik p ont w2 afdruk ZN afdruk PZW afdr r P7rood afdr r k rood afdr g p groen afdr g k groen afdr b p blauw afdr b K blauw task criteria tw filml twl film2 twl films3 twl film4 twl films twl film6 twl Film tw zwfotos twl zwfotos twl zwfotas tw zw fotos LW zwfotos wl 2wfotos tw zwfotos tw zwfotos tw 2wfotos twl zwtotos tw 2wtotos twl zwfotos twl Zwfotos twl zwfotos tw Zwfotos tw zwfotos twl zwfotos tw 2zwEotos tw zwftotos tw Zwfotos LW foto tw foto twi foto twl foto tw foto tw foto Lw foto twl foto LWA films t
20. ness of the task are given number of planned tasks total number of tasks The Clipboard is above the Planning Window You can use it as a temporary store for tasks which are already assigned to a resourceset but which you want to move to another time slot The list of these tasks will be empty when you enter the Manual Planning Mode The last line of the screen gives you help information and may contain error messages 2 3 Planning a new task As soon as you are in the Manual Planning Mode you are able to allocate a task which is not already scheduled and place it in the current schedule You can choose two different ways to allocate a task The first way using lt F3 gt is to choose respectivily the project the task and finally the recourceset The second way using lt F4 gt selects first the resourceset then project and task After this selection you will be able to choose available time slots if there are any By pressing lt T gt or lt d gt you can select any of the possible intervals With lt gt and lt gt you are able to determine the exact position of the task within the interval at the beginning or at the end by entering numbers arbitrary starting times may be specified You can cancel the operation by pressing lt Esc gt When there are no available time slots or when planning in a certain timeslot introduces conflicts planning is yet possible by pressing lt ALT gt lt F1 gt and entering a starting time
21. ns are available Help Edit parameters Run scheduler rUn scheduler using L P Clear conflicts CLear schedule Manual planning MAUR ta ra Menu options can be selected by pressing the key corresponding to the highlighted letter or moving Automatic planning the bar to the option of one s choice and pressing lt ENTER gt In the following paragraphs we will explain the 6 options 3 3 1 Help Selecting the Help option opens a status window which gives some useful information about the system It looks something like this Help amp Information service This heuristic for Resource Constrained Project Scheduling RCPS operstes in 4 main phases 1 Resource scheduling assigns a rasourceset to each task 2 Segment scheduling assigns to each task ane of the timesegments in which the resourcesat for that task is available 3 Task sequencing assigns an order to each pair of tasks with conflicting resourcasats 4 Tima scheduling assigns to each task a suitable starting time Current heap state Initial available memory 142 Kb Current available memory 116 Kb Primary problem data 22 Kb Database windows precedence data etc 3 Kb Largest available block 116 Kb Size of freealist fragmentation D element s Tasks 100 Errors t Done 100 00 Press a key to continue 3 3 2 Edit parameters This option allows updating of parameters
22. ol foto2 fot o2 lato 300 foto slote lote3 foto3 300 foto3 foto4 foto food fotod fotos fotos fotos fotos fotob foto6 fotos 300 fotos foto foto foto 300 foto fotos fotos fotos fotog Sa Na wa s Ne w w an Na e we Ne Ne w Se Ne Ne Ne x N x Ne Ne Me Ne Sa Sa we Se ME Ne Ne Sa Ne Se Se wa Ne s e ZW ZW oos olos filmi fi fi m2 m3 m4 films fi m film fi ml film2 film3 film4 film5 film6 film filml film2 film3 fiim4 fi m5 films film foto foto Toto foto foto foto foto foto foto foto foto Toto foto foto Foto foto foto foto foto foto foto Foto foto foto foto foto Foto foto foto foto foto foto foto foto foto foto foto foto Toto Toto foto foto foto foto foto ontwl9 ontw20 ontwikl ontwikl ontwikl ontwikl ontwikl ontwikl ontwikl rood rood rood Food rood rood rood groen groen groen groen groen groen groen ontwl ontwl ontwil roodi groenl blauwl ONEW2 ontw2 ontw2 rood2 groen2 blauw2 ontw3 ontw3 ontw3 rood3 qroen3 blauw3 ontw4 Qntw4 ontw4 rood4 groen4 dlauw4 yontwd ontw5 OD WD roods groens5 blauw5 oOntw6 ontw6 ontw6 rood6 qgroen6 blauw6 Ont w ONEW ontw7 rood groen blauw 7 ontw8 Ont w8 ontw8 afdr19 afdr20 rood roo
23. ood b 144 152 s ca film5 groen kK groen z 152 160 sl Ci films Dlauw k blauw f 160 168 day3 5 ae foto Ont wi J ontw2 e 226 244 s per Zwfotos ontw6 ontw1 244 250 si 7cl zwfotos ontwl2 J ontw2 i 250 268 s 7cl foto ontw8 jrontwl F 268 274 Pron foto ontw4 prontwl 226 232 s1 sl zwfotos Ont w prontwl 232 238 s sel zwfotos ONLWS prontwl A 238 244 s pel zwfotos afdr3 P gt zw mi 244 250 si rel zwfotos afdrs PZW Z 250 256 81 cl zwfotos afdr6 PrZw P 256 262 5 pel zwfotos ontwls prontwl P 262 268 51 pel zwfotos afdr PZW e 268 274 s Pron film4 rood k rood 226 234 si Cl film4 groen K qroen 7 234 242 si za film4 blauw k blauw 242 250 s1 ged film3 rood k rood 250 258 si set film3 groen k groen 258 266 s1 pel film3 blauw k blauw S 266 274 day4 sl rel zwfotos afdr9 DEA 7 326 332 sl pod zwfotos afdr4 r ZW 332 338 22 a sl sl sl sl s sl si sl si si si D o mo o HE mM D o F zi x s BAARD e A ei ki o o 0 Im 0 G TEE day5 el Fel ed TOL wel CL CL SE sel eeu ye ze t Pie ger Pot rel Ed EL eer El Ee vCl CL cl Cl Er gel pet yer c1 ze rel cl cl Bai C1 pe get KANA KIWA zw fotos zwfotos zwfotos v zwfotos e zwfotos films foto foto zwfotos zwfotos filml zwfotos foto film film6
24. os ontwd ontwikl 72 0 e zwfotos ontw5 ontwikl 7 Va 200 zwlotos ONEW6 ontwikl 12 200 H zwfotos ontw ontwikl e 72 W I F H zwfot os ontw8 ontwik e 72 200 7 z H zwfotos ont w9 ontwikl 7 12 200 f zwfotos ontwl0 ontwikl 72 200 H zwfotos ontwil ontwikl 72 200 S pi 7 zwfotos ontwl2 ontwikl Ge 200 r H zwlotos ontwl3 ontwikl S 72 200 r zwfotos ontwl4 ontwikl Z 72 200 t b zwfotos ontwid ontwikl i 72 200 r 7 zwfotos ontwl6 ontwikl e 72 200 pi H zwfotos ontw17 ontwikl 72 200 e zwfotos ontwl8 ontwikl 7 72 200 r zwfotos ontwl9 ontwik 7 72 200 i i zwfotos ontw20 ontwikl 7 72 200 zwlotos afdr3 afdruk i 30 Z 250 e H zwtotos afdr4 afdruk e 30 e 274 zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos foto foto foto foto foto foto folo lolo foto bolo foto foto ToLo roto foto foto foto foto foto Toto foto foto foto foto foto foto foto foto Foto foto foto foto precedence zwfotos zwfhotos zwholas zwhotos zwiolos zwfotos zw otos zwhotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotoas zwlotos zwflotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos zwfotos afdrs afdr6 afdr afdr8 afdr9 afdr10 afdrll afdrl2 afdri3 afdrl4 afdrl5 afdr16 afdr17 afdri8 afdrl9 afdr20 ont wl
25. r 4 2 2 The Screen When you are in the Manual Planning Mode your screen will look like this Manual Planning Tasks in clipboard 1074 dan Klaas Piet b lamp bak bak2 g lamp Release Time r Lamp zwlamp Dua Data 7 4 10 4 Deadline 1 5 1972 Completeness 100 100 When you take a close look at the screen you will see that it consists of four parts First of all there is the Planning window on the right side below of the screen This Planning Window contains a Gantt chart representation of a part of the actual schedule On the left border there are the different resources and on the upper border is the time axis The scale of the time axis is displayed in the left upper corner of this Planning Window Inside the Planning Window you can recognize the state of a resource during some time interval by colours Black The resource is not available on the interval and there is no task planned on the interval using this resource l Gray The resource is available on the whole interval and there is no task planned on the interval using this resource Green The resource is available on the interval and there is one task planned on the whole interval using this resource The task has no conflicts w r t the release times deadlines and precedence constraints Manual Planning Also constraint violations are made visible by colours Yellow The resource is available on the interval and there is one task planned on the
26. sign tasks manually to a schedule to delete tasks from the schedule etc Chapter 2 An automatic planner that attempts to generate good schedules automatically Chapter 3 A shell program to run the manual planner and the automatic planner under a common umbrella Chapter 4 Some utilities among which a compiler to transform the ASCH text files that define problem instances and schedules into database files which can be used by our system Each problem has its own home directory in which the database and schedule files reside Chapter 5 In appendix 1 we will give the ASCII specification of our most important test case Appendix 2 contains the ASCII specification of a feasible schedule for this case 1 2 About this manual Some conventions define commands instruction formats and terms in this manual Words between quotes are keywords and must be entered as shown but without the quotes You can enter either uppercase or lowercase characters Items in italics must be supplied by yourself Items between hooked brackets lt gt are keys from your keyboard When an item is placed between square brackets it is optional 1 3 Installing the system To run PLATE and its utilities the following minimum configuration is required on your computer IBM XT AT compatible colour display no graphics card required the systOx works completely in text mode 640 KB intern memory Introduction MS DOS rel
27. te gt Scroll screen one row down lt PgUp gt Scroll screen up lt PgDn gt Scroll screen down lt Home gt Go to the begin of the file lt End gt Go to the end of the file Search functions lt gt string Emer Search forward to first appearance of string lt gt string Enter Search backward to first appearance of string lt gt lt Enter gt Repeat last search forward lt gt lt Enter gt Repeat last search backward Miscellaneous lt Esc gt Quit the viewer mode 13 Utilities 5 Utilities 5 1 The problem instance compiler To work on a problem in PLATE you first have to generate database files from the ASCII specification This is done by the utility Compile exe You can run the compiler by typing COMPILE directory lt Enter gt The directory is optional in this command Compile will make the specified directory current so you don t have to type the whole pathname when entering the names of the ASCII files to be compiled Upon entry the program asks for the ASCII problem file and the ASCII schedule file When you don t want to compile an item simply give lt Enter gt on the relevant question The system will ask you now for a directory to store the database files which will be generated by the compiler Type lt Enter gt if you want this database directory to be the current directory When all files are compiled correctly the program will end with the notic
28. time scheduler Determine the starting and completion times for the tasks using the previous allocations For each of the phases 1 2 and 3 we have implemented one scheduler These 3 schedulers all use a so called Greedy search algorithm with evaluation functions which assign values to partial filled schedules These values are used to distinguish between schedules The functions have weights changeable by the user The importance of a specific function and thus its weight depends on the problem to be scheduled For phase 4 we have made 2 implementations One which generates a left or right justified schedule This is a very fast scheduler which uses almost no extra memory One which uses L P This a very time and memory consuming approach which generates better time schedules than the previous one Almost always one should use the simple method as time optimal allocation will be influenced much more by the first 3 phases then the last one most of the time that is L P is only useful in those special situations where the first 3 phases don t have to do much scheduling and the optimality function has components where both earliness and tardiness play a role 3 3 The options After starting the automatic planner either from the shell or the MS DOS command line and reading some data from the database into main memory depending on the size of the problem this takes a few seconds the main menu appears The following optio
29. w2 film tw2 zwfotos tw2 foto D kproject criteria pwl pwi pwl pwl pwl pw pwl pw2 pw2 pw2 pw2 pw2 pw2 foto filmi film2 filma film film7 Zzwfotos foto zwfotos filml filmd film2 film3 gt x sw nm x S lt x lt lt w x LA ER 12 blauw blauw blauw blauw blauw blauw blauw afdri afdr2 afdr3 afdr4 afdr5 afdr6 afdri afdr8 afdr9 afdr10 afdril afdr12 afdri3 afdrl4 afdrls afdr16 afdri7 afdri8 afdrl9 afdr20 blauwl blauw2 blauw3 blauwd blauws blauw6 blauw7 blauw8 blauw blauw afdre dolauw7 ms S S S a S mx gt w x sw LA x x x OS w x S TE NT S S S s lt mn 5 5 nx S lt S S S S S S 5 S w w lt S x w S 5 a 5 x x x x gt lt 14 10 10 mw Q aAa NONN Gy gt s Ne Ne Ne Ne x 20 s w Ne Wa wa Se p3 pa F CO O O CO OO OO OO OO OO o e Me Na Re Na Se H Ne Ne w x N KJ O L n HE Fa COOC OCH CH Si ER 20 pw2 pw2 pw2 overall ci c2 c3 c4 c5 c film5 filme film7 criteria pw1 r Pwl l pwl twl twl tw2 twi s ss x x x 21 w x x x x LA ka N N x Ma Ne Se s Appendix 2 A feasible schedule for the photo development and printing company schedules 1 dayl si gel foto ontw7 j ontw1 A 26 32 sl rel foto ontw2 j ontwl P 32 38 si vou film ontwikl j
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