Wind Farm Simulator, Model 46128 - Lab-Volt
Contents
1. WIND FARM SIMULATOR MODEL 46128 Alternative amp Renewable Energy 3D WT F_02 23 Orientation 114 RPMs 19 30 SynopticWindNacelle SawlCwy off Wind ane signal Faa Fos Foe E04 F 05 1102 142 231 16956 9 1084 138 234 174565 i i 0 136 0 179748 1050 132 24 195333 1073 137 22 7918 4 1092 139 234 164473 0 0 165787 zszs zas POTN ete wees Peer eew ae eretennnenee 1069 135 230 1431 4 0 141 232 162308 1055 133 234 170552 1085 138 233 173903 7 v Tove 0 External demand o SetPoint kw 23200 wooo oaaao ap avanan ni subudcsavnqenciay qn DEIS z z z4 PUPP meh a tee erinaee GENERAL DESCRIPTION A Wind Farm is a set of Wind Turbines located near each other sharing a common point of connection to the electrical distribution grid called a Common Connection Point Generally a Wind Farm has a SCADA Supervi sory Control and Data Acquisition system used to con trol individual wind turbines and monitor the entire wind farm For example the wind farm operator may use the SCADA control system to implement operational poli cies of the owner This SCADA system is also used to monitor the operational aspects of the Wind Farm and give technicians a view of how the systems are behav ing From an operational standpoint a Wind Farm Control Center is an installation where the set of wind turbines can be controlled m2. o w w Oj 4 This synoptic is used to see and modify the Parameters values used in the application Parameters behave as output signals or fixed value generators either analog or digital Signals and Connections Editor amp Signals amp Connections Intemal connections intemal Out Sionas Y Name Commerce Maf Min Description m 0 0 Controller awing MaxDisorientationIn Maximum allowed difference between wind direction and nacelle orientation m 4000 100 Delay for starting yawing Contle Conte CdouTiesmalenin Q OD Controller Control VibrationS ensorln Input signal for the vibration sensor of the tower Controller Control HCUIn z Input signal with the status of the HCU protection mechanism Controller Control CUIn Input signal with the status of the YCU protection mechanism Controller Control AirDensityln 0 7 0 Air density 6000000 1000000 Moment of inertia of the Drive Train 400 400 Wind direction 400 400 Nacelle s orientation Rotor acceleration Controller Control BrakeReleasedin Brakes released input status Aerodynamic coefficient Controller Control GeneratorPowerF actorln Controller Control GeneratorPowerln Generator s produced consumed power SES EE5 8 Bo ELLE 5 Generator s rpms Controller Control RotorRPMsIn Controller Control LargeConnConfirmedin Controller Control M ax cceleration0nR amp
3. DESCRIPTION ORDERING NUMBER 1 Manual Package Incl 1 Binder 3 Posters and 1 User Manual ccccceccceeeeeeeeeeeeeees 88126 1 Wind Farm Simulator Software CD sieves cscisicimasiavieievwadivsitasnenctdioiall eeansinndataendlvavinn dunenatssintinnntaied tneatediaeceds 87422 1 Wind Farm Sim lator Resource CD si csc csvcwainncaunencrabatnteahannnaineentudantammenatedaaln nasil innilanecdonwmumenicedues 87905 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION Wind Turbine Block Diagram Main rrent Voltage switch measurement measurement The connection of the generator to the grid while in pro duction is direct For the cut in operation the WT uses a set of thyristors for the connection of the generator to the grid during a short controlled period of time The figure above shows the internal structure of a typical WT Structure of Simulator SynopticDrive Train Internal View Farm View TE Press Switch off SoftBrake on Rotor rpms Hydraulic Press Generator connection Oyer speed detectors CU off HCU off BrakeReleased off The WFS includes two applications that simulate the behavior of e an entire wind farm organized around its SCADA sys tem e a single wind turbine installed in a wind farm The WFS s main purpose is to serve as a training sys tem for operators of wind farms and service personnel of industrial wind turbines The WFS applications follow the principles described below e Simula
4. e and without notice and is not responsible for typographical errors Lab Volt recognizes all product names used herein as trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Lab Volt 2011 All rights reserved 8 86906 00 Rev A2
5. ences ID _ Description ooo O End 4 Grid phase failure 11 01 10 18 25 22 812 11 01 10 18 25 22812 1 11 01 10 18 25 20 859 J 5 Undervoltage 1 Manual STOP The various parts of this synoptic display as much in formation as possible to the user about the parameters values and a number of internal variables It is used to display the following information e Outputs e Inputs e From the Grid e Parameters e Values for internal variables used in the algorithms e Buttons for the Manual Yawing control e Buttons for activating the normal operation START or passing to Manual control STOP e Information about the internal State Machines Opera tion and Security Parameters Wind Farm Simulator Package Parameters New parameter Digital parameters Process Nome WindF arm MainSwitch Mw WindFarm s Main Switch Analog parameters M Process Name i tue ma Min a TempM axAmbient 50 180 10 TempMaxRotorBearing 80 180 10 l WindM axForT emporal0 peration 28 35 WindM axForO peration 25 Controller awing WindMinForAutomatic Y awing 115 110 Controller WindAbsolutMax 30 35 Controller awing Max awingT ime 120 t Controller awing MaxCableT wistForReorientation 15 NacelleBrake PumpCaudal 5 ControllerCutin MaxWindForCutin 18 Controller TempMaxGenerator 150 NacellePitch BladeSlewRate 10 NacelleY awing CCW awingS peed 10 ano o w
6. f the simulator asso ciated with the configuration file A synoptic element allows the user to visualize in real time the value of specified signals and to modify those values Shown is the basic control synoptic of the WT Emulator Default view is shown at left expanded drop down menu shown at right SCADA E N Remy nie LMFT ID Status Name Model_ _Shutd Stat_ Commst Rated Power Actual Power Wind WT Orient Hours Prod _ 1 401 B1300 n 1300 1065 1325 233 16730 0 1300 1102 1300 1084 13 8 234 17456 5 1300 0 13 6 0 17974 8 1300 1050 13 2 234 16533 9 1300 1079 13 7 232 17918 4 1300 1092 13 9 234 16447 3 1300 0 0 16578 7 13 5 230 16431 4 14 1 232 16290 8 13 3 234 17055 2 13 8 233 17903 7 B1300 n B1300 n B1300 gt B1300 n B1300 n B1300 L B1300 B1300 n B1300 gt B1300 n 14 2 231 16956 9 1300 1069 1300 0 1300 1055 B1300 n 1300 1086 Setting of operational status for the selected WT ewe 0 Total Power kW 24701 0 Meteorological station 0 Wind13 6 18 20 Temp30 50 A A A A S T E E E a y E oa teue at External demand 7 o SetPoint kw 23200 40 000 Samping IA 2 seconds M 3D View The User Interface for the WFS SCADA includes the fol lowing items e Iconic view of each WT indicating its internal name its status Production Stopped or Out of Order the actual production in percent with respect to the max imum and the cables that connect it to the Poi
7. l pln Controller Control MinDelayw ithE noughwindF orStartUpln Rotor s rpms Input for confirmation of connection of the generator with 4 poles Setpoint maximum allowed acceleration while rampup in the cutin process Minimum amount of time that the wind speed must be above WindStartUp Period for the computation of the Pitch value i Controller Control PitchLarge2 mallin Controller Control SmallConnConfirmedin Controller Control windSpeedin Controller Control MaxHydraulicPumpingF requencyln Controller Control PressureS witchin Controller Control DelayforHardBrakeln Controller Control GridF1 Controller Control GridF2 Pitch value for the Large to Small transition Input for confirmation of the Generator s connection with 6 poles Wind speed Max frequency for entry of the braking hydraulic system s pump Output of the pressure switch of the braking hydraulic system NHAOROAADOOOARARAAAANA Voltage Grid Phase1 Voltage Grid Phase3 This synoptic displays a list of input signals The color distinguishes analog or digital signals WIND FARM SIMULATOR MODEL 46128 Reflecting Lab Volt s commitment to high quality standards in product design development production installation and service our manufac turing and distribution facility has received the ISO 9001 certification Lab Volt reserves the right to make product improvements at any tim
8. les error etc Nothing but a wind power generation system simulator operating under an unlimited number of conditions can impart the type of advanced training required A simula tor is able to create the meteorological as well as elec trical and mechanical operational scenarios that could not be produced on demand with a real wind turbine In spite of having access to real systems to train their technical personnel for installing commissioning and servicing their wind turbines a simulator is seen as a necessary tool for advanced learning by the wind en ergy industry The Wind Farm Simulator addresses these require ments using two elements within the software a elabo rated software models of the behavior of each subsys tem in the wind turbine b graphic user interfaces that facilitate the setting and visualizing of conditions for these subsystems TABLE OF CONTENTS General DeSCTIPtiOn cccceceseeeeeeeeeeeeeteeees Topic COVEN AG C dcr ede cece tw sedese ts undeiedpaoemaeseceacs Equipment eS vcrctusssenevecntansisidiaiconnstiereremmencmeaniean Software Description accesinsicsssesnvannnecsietuanmucaiweupens TOPIC COVERAGE e What is a Wind Farm e What is a Wind Turbine e Structure of the Wind Farm Simulator e Physics of a Wind Turbine e Wind Farm Operations e Teaching Sessions e Technical Data used in the WFS WT and WFS SCADA EQUIPMENT LIST FOR WIND FARM SIMULATOR MODEL 46128 QTY
9. nt of Common Connection typically the Substation A SCADA view or a spreadsheet view where the user can access additional information on each WT and make modifications to some of them e A Maintenance framework through which the user can simulate the change of the WT selected in the SCADA view from Out of Order to Operational e A Production framework also common in most wind farm SCADAs where the user can see the actual Total Power production together with the Maximum available Power from the wind e A Meteorological framework where the user can set values for real situations that are obtained from the meteorological station of the Wind Farm e An Automatic Dispatching checkbox through which the user can establish a manual of Automatic Dis patching operation of the Wind Farm SYNOPTICS USED IN PROGRAM It has two main Views selectable through the menu bar Internal View displays the internal elements in the Drive Train Nacelle and the Farm View that shows the WT in the Wind Farm SynopticDrive rain MEUESENA Farm View Collapse Temperatures Wind and Nacelle SynopticWindNacelle Wind ane signal N40 N 50 60 Blades Pitch 6 3 70 Command Pitch 6 3 S g0 80 0 Rotor rpms Hydraulic Press The purpose of the Wind amp Nacelle synoptic is Generator connection Over speed detectors CU off HCU off e T
10. nt to create and observe Controlling and monitoring of the wind turbines is done through communication lines that tie each wind turbine to a central SCADA system where the operator of the Wind Farm can monitor the status and production of each system shut each system down give permission for startup etc The SCADA system also collects data from the wind turbines and stores it for further analysis All these functionalities are also exercised in the Wind Farm Simulator The Wind Farm Simulator solves the problem of how to train personnel who must understand the behavior of the sub systems of the wind turbine as well as the wind farm as a whole Wind farm operators need their techni cians to understand hundreds of operating parameters and to be able to react to a plethora of nominal and faulty operating conditions A technician or operator is able to reproduce with the Wind Farm Simulator situations such as vibration sensor activated motor superheated asymmetry of currents upper voltage exceeded lower voltage exceed Security UPS failure hydraulic brake pump subsystem starting too often or pumping for too long excessive brake time gear bearing superheated thyristors superheated bypass contactor welded by pass contactor not working excessive angle error in the pitch angle of any of the three blades pitch oil error yaw position error error in the RPM reader brake lin ing too thin gear oil pressure too low untwisting cab
11. o allow the user to control wind speed and direction l l l e To show the Nacelle orientation This WTDriveTrain synoptic has been designed to dis To show the number of cable turns connecting the Na Pay a e a a Wigivaceve celle s generator to the Electric Panel at the bottom of emulator and the signals going out from the Nacelle the WT emulator To show the simulated wind vane signal e To show the signals controlling the yawing motors the wind vane signal and the power cable turns There are also control boxes that allow the user to change wind speed and direction and manually control the yawing motors The following is a list of these signals e Rotor speed rpms from the Nacelle emulator e Generator speed rpms from the Nacelle emulator e Pitch value from the Controller emulator e Hydraulic circuit pressure of the braking system from Nacelle emulator Hydraulic circuit Pump status from the Controller em ulator e The state of the valve in the hydraulic circuit con trolled by the Soft brake and Hard brake coming from the Controller emulator e The status of the Pressure switch in the hydraulic cir cuit e The Brake Released status ON or OFF from the Na celle emulator The state of each Generator connection switch Large 4 poles and Small 6 poles from the Controller emu lator The state of the Over speed detectors VCU HCU The state of the Tower vibrations sen
12. onitored and maintained The Wind Farm Simulator simulates the behavior of every aspect of the wind turbines in a wind farm A simulated SCADA system and a user friendly HMI Human Machine Inter face create an ideal Operator and Technician Training System The wind turbines in this software program are modeled after the popular Bonus 1300 KW wind tur bine a variable pitch stall regulated dual fixed speed wind turbine with a squirrel cage asynchronous genera tor Additional versions of the Wind Farm Simulator are planned for doubly fed induction generators The Wind Farm Simulator is a software only solution no 732 938 2000 800 LAB VOLT FAX 732 774 8573 E MAIL us labvolt com 418 849 1000 800 LAB VOLT FAX 418 849 1666 E MAIL ca labvolt com INTERNET http www labvolt com WIND FARM SIMULATOR MODEL 46128 GENERAL DESCRIPTION cont special hardware is required only a PC with adequate performance capabilities The HMI is designed to be user friendly and intuitive It presents every parameter as well as the values of the signals both internal to the wind turbine and published to the SCADA system Each wind turbine in the wind farm has its own dedicated simulator enabling users to change individual param eters independently of the other turbines and observe the resulting behavior of each wind turbine Access to each signal and parameter is designed to easily change the different scenarios that the user may wa
13. sor e The temperatures for the Ambient setting Rotor bearing the Gearbox and the Generator from the Na celle emulator WIND FARM SIMULATOR MODEL 46128 Electrical Panel ks E B E E wi lh aii f 1 Ji fi 1 JE fi le jee Bypass Main Switch imam mimi LLI mimi Simin i Cables from grid TE kmk Thyristors The multiview Electrical Panel synoptic combines rep resentations for many aspects of the electrical power circuits of a WT Each WT is connected to the PCC Point of Common Connection on the Wind Farm either in low voltage typ ically 690V grid or at medium voltage 15KV or higher In the later situation the WT includes a low to medium voltage transformer generally located in the base of the tower Control Terminal B1300 Control Terminal ACM Outputs Pitch 2 77 1 BrakePump Off Cp 50 60 RPMs Rotor 0 START stor Hardbrake On LargeGen Off SoltvakeOn Gmakien ce Teea ummm OME Gen Be YCCw Off Thyristors Off ir density 1 225 Gen Power OkW Manual Yawing YCw Off Bypass Off grape 0 0000 PowerFactor 0 000 G gt BrakeReleased Off Operation state SSTOPSM Last event ESTOPSeq WindSpeed 0 LargeConnected Off Effec WindSpeed 0 7 SmalConnected Off Security state SS WToutSBrake Last event ESS3 Grid phases F1 F2 F3 WindDirection 0 0 NacelleDrientation 355 0 HCU Off VEU OF Vibrations Off Opened Incidences History of Incid
14. tors behave as close to their real counterparts as possible e The Human Machine Interface provides interaction with as many components and subsystems of wind turbines as possible This complete HMI allows the user to access not only the variables normally avail able through the Wind Turbine Control Terminal but 3 WIND FARM SIMULATOR MODEL 46128 also simulated cables corresponding to connections among the subsystems The graphic representations help users identify the wind turbine components Timing of the evolution of the internal signals are as close to real counterpart as possible for example if the blades reported rotational speed is 12 roms its 3D representation rotates at that speed When convenient real parameters have been adapt ed to classroom settings for the sake usability For example the angular speed of the yawing in a real turbine is approximately 1 per second the simulator uses 5 so the changes can happen faster optimizing the trainee s time These two applications are based on LdP Lenguaje de Procesos ACM a framework specialized for de veloping and executing simulations Both can be executed simultaneously Synoptics Control Executing Basic Sin Executing Run Signals Connections er Synaptics control Parameters Help StripReccrder ra WES WT JE1300 For vw S nopticbrive Train Synoptic windwacelle vw WT Electrical Panel Show messages The Synoptics contain the HMI o
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