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1. 1 4 2 Using pikacpl The pikacpl utility allows a call to be made to a number where a known condition exists and as such a known call progress pattern can be learned Users run the program from the DOS command line as described below Once started the program will automatically perform the learn operation Page 6 The utility compiles learn information on BUSY FAST BUSY re order tone and RINGING in a binary file default pikacpl out It is recommended that at least one run is made for each condition to ensure accurate information in pikacpl out Note If you do not or cannot run pikacpl for FAST BUSY the program will automatically insure that it is the same as the busy tone The CP learn program displays a real time compilation of cadence measurememts made during the call see figure 1 When the call is completed the program will dump a summary of scanned data and the recommended tolerances to be used by the AVA driver Although this information is not required by the user it can be usefull in debugging future call analysis problems These results can be piped to a text file using the standard dos piping command after issuing the pikacpl command pikacpl option option cpfile out A useful feature of pikacpl is that the system speaker will beep synchronously with the presence of any call progress tones present on the phone line during the learn process This feature is invaluable for debugging and supporting the call p2. July 1989 Latest Revision January 1994 1 Introduction 1 2 Call Progress Tone Characteristics 2 1 3 Call Analysis Algorithm den EE dea 3 1 4 Call Progress Learn Utility 4 1 4 1 Call Progress Learn Algorithm 4 1 4 2 Using pikacpl 1 4 3 Using pikacpl out ee 14 1 Introduction Telephone networks are designed to provide users with audible indication of call status by use of Call Progress Tones CP tones These CP tones allow users to determine if a call is successful or unsuccessful The AVA supports automated dialing into telephone networks by providing capability for detecting and analyzing CP tones and to determine the status of a call AVA call analysis consists of a two step process starting with an automated learn procedure which is run at time of installation The learn procedure creates data patterns representing the characteristics of the local call progress tones The second step in AVA call analysis occurs in real time by scanning phone line and attempting to match audio activity to the learned patterns thus determining the status of outgoing calls Page 2 1 2 Call Progress Tone Characteristics CP tones consist of combinations of frequencies and cadences The most familiar being DIAL TONE BUSY TONE RINGBACK and REORDER TONE The following table outlines a list of standard CP tones NAME Hz sec 440 dial pulse DTMF digits 480 4 OFF reached ringing started 620 0
3. n210 r1 Calls extension 210 expecting ringing signal PIKACPL4 n205 f p220 Calls extension 205 expecting fast busy signal Call will be repeated five times The PIKA AVA port is set to 220 Sample Run Suppose you have an extension 11 on your phone system Ensure that the phone is on hook then type the following command from the DOS prompt PIKACPL4 n11 r1 PIKACPL4 program will display the following screen dial extension 11 and begin filling the screen with data You will also note the your system s speaker will beep synchronously with the ringing of the telephone This allows you to audibly verify that the call has been sucessful by confirming the ON OFF cadence of the tone Page 10 Calling 11 Channel 0 UO Port 200 Hi 1 38 1976 Lo 1 73 3796 Hi 2 36 1872 Lo 2 73 3796 Parameter High Low 1 Low 2 Press S to save results Q to quit Learning Ring Energy Debounce 02 Output File PIKACPL OUT Silence Debounce 02 Tolerance Addition 20 Current Call 1 Current Groups 5 Hi 1 36 1872 Hi 1 36 1872 Hi 1 36 1872 P Hi 1 37 1924 Lo 1 73 3796 Lo 1 73 3796 Lo 1 73 3796 Lo 1 72 3744 Hi 2 36 1872 Hi 2 36 1872 Hi 2 36 1872 Hi 2 37 1924 Lo 2 73 3796 Lo 2 73 3796 Lo 2 73 3796 Lo 2 73 3796 RECOMMENDED PARAMETERS Average 36 73 73 Maximum Minimum Tolerance 41 80 80 Note the following fields of interest on the screen Calling 11 Dialed extension 11 PIKA AVA hardware
4. 0 5 16K TELECOM Telephone Set Port MISCELLANEOUS LINE MIC Inout Ji 14 a MONITOR Output 1 1 1 Optional Personal Teleohone Option TELSET 2 Optional Ground Button Option Page 5 1 3 Installing PIKA AVA cards in a system Prior to installing PIKA AVA cards in the system read the hardware description section of the manual for the PIKA AVA model being used 1 Configure the card hardware options as per the instructions in section 2 0 of this hardware manual 2 To install an PIKA AVA card first ensure that the system is turned OFF 3 Find an empty slot 8 bit or 16 bit and ensure that the chassis filler plate bracket is removed for that slot 4 Insert the PIKA AVA card into the card edge connector on the computer s mother board ensuring that it is seated firmly 5 Screw the PIKA AVA chassis bracket down and close the chassis cover Page 6 The RJ 14 telephone connectors used on all PIKA AVA cards use the same wiring convention as shown below x ist Line x 2nd Line MODULAR CORD PLUG END VIEW Note that the polarity of the connection is not important on any of the PIKA AVA B Series cards Plug the telephone cables and or LINE and MONITOR cables to the bracket end of the PIKA AVA card as described in section 2 7 The hardware is now ready to be turned on 4 PIKA AVA Signal Levels The following table indicates phone line audio levels corresponding to maximum PIKA AVA input ou
5. 1B AVA 2B amp AVA 4B 1 1 3 AVA 1B Personal Telephone Module The PIKA AVA 1B supports an optional Personal Telephone module TELSET which provides a second telecom interface for direct connection to single line phones The PHONE port makes the phone believe that it is connected to a phone system by providing power to it detecting touchtone DTMF digit inputs and phone OFFHOOK state In normal or idle mode operation the PHONE port is directly connected to the NET PBX port and can operate without interference by the PIKA AVA 1B card as shown below PHONE TELSET MODULE WALL JACK PBX NET AVA 1B AVA 1B IDLE MODE Page 3 The PHONE port can be disconnected from the PBX NET port ie SPLIT under software control to provide the phone user with a direct audio connection to the PIKA AVA 1B card without any interaction with or interference by the PBX or NETWORK connection This mode of operation is shown below e PHONE TELSET MODULE ba eo AVA 1B AVA 1B SPLIT MODE Page 4 WALL JACK PBX NET 1 2 PIKA AVA B Series Feature Matrix The PIKA AVA product line consists of the PIKA AVA 1B 2B and 4B Each card provides a different combination of features as listed in the following matrix FEATURE AVA AVA AVA 1B 2B 4B General Circuits Lines A o J e E Cards per Chassis Circuits Lines per Chassis On Board Buffer Bytes port 0 5 16K 0 5 16K
6. OFF Frequency OUT 3 2 kHz 4 2 kHz Fig 8 Filter Frequency Options kHz 3 5 Mic Line input The PIKA AVA cards include an audio input port at the bracket end of the card This audio input is connected to the fourth channel ie CHANNEL 3 of the PIKA AVA 4B the second channel ie CHANNEL 1 of the PIKA AVA 2B and the first channel ie CHANNEL 0 of the PIKA AVA 1B card This input can be used for local non telecom audio recording Input connector J2 is a standard 0 125 3 1mm mini phone jack which can be jumper configured for LINE or MICROPHONE input levels HD50 MODE Typical Input Fig 9 MIC LINE port configurations Use of the MIC LINE input is not recommended at the same time as the telecom circuitry for a channel as the recorded audio is a summation of the MIC LINE and phone line audios Page 12 3 5 1 Music On Hold The PIKA AVA 1B provides the ability to directly transmit an external audio source from the MIC LINE input to the NET PBX port under software control This feature allows the PIKA AVA 1B to provide Music on Hold to the NET PBX port while processing audio on the optional telephone port 3 6 Monitor port The PIKA AVA cards include an audio monitor port at the bracket end of the card This port is connected to the audio output of CHANNEL 3 on the PIKA AVA 4B CHANNEL 1 on the PIKA AVA 2B and CHANNEL 0 on the PIKA AVA 1B Connector J1 is a standard 0 125 3 1mm mini phone jack which provides a gen
7. Returns a FAST BUSY FOUND message to the application d Silence Returns a NO RINGBACK FOUND message to the application e Dialtone Returns a NO RINGBACK FOUND message to the application Page 4 1 4 Call Progress Learn Utility The AVA driver is supported by the utility pikacpl exe which provides a mechanism to automatically learn the call progress tone cadences of a particular installation This utility produces a data structure compatible with the AVA s ava_set_cpl routine 1 4 1 Call Progress Learn Algorithm The pikacpl utility scans the phone line for the occurrance of audio energy at 52mSec intervals producing a string of binary information representing ENERGY FOUND 1 and SILENCE FOUND 0 The data pattern is then analyzed to remove any apparent noise by applying debouncing factors which determine valid high and low groups of bits The Energy Hi debounce parameter determines the minimum number of consecutive ONEs scanned to determined that a silent line has become active The Silence Low debounce parameter determines the minimum number of consecutive ZEROs scanned to determine that an active line has gone silent This operation will eliminate spurious transitions in the data stream providing a cleaned up representation of the call progress tone cadence being learned An example follows for Energy debounce 4 and Silence debounce 3 Page 5 Scanned Data 111110011100010000011110011100011000001
8. address 200 Ring Calling a non busy extension learning I O port 200 Learning ringing Tolerance Once the call has completed the numbers in this column will be updated and should not exceed 50 for successful runs Once completed you will be asked to type S to save the information The procedure is now repeated for BUSY Take extension 11 off hook then type the following command from the DOS prompt Page 11 PIKACPL4 n11 b1 The same screen will appear with appropriate status information and when complete you will again be asked to type S to save the information The procedure can now be repeated for FAST BUSY re order if your system will generate it Typically this is done by dialing an illegal extension number Suppose your telephone system has extensions from 10 to 50 If you dial say 60 you will likely hear the FAST BUSY signal If you cannot produce the FAST BUSY signal by dialing any extension don t worry since PIKACPL4 will automatically ignore FAST BUSY If you can produce a FAST BUSY then enter the following command from the DOS prompt PIKACPL4 n60 f1 The same screen will appear with appropriate status information and when complete you will again be asked to type S to save the information The call progress tone learn procedure is complete and need not be run again unless your telephone system is changed 1 4 3 Using pikacpl out The output of the pikacpl program default
9. pikacpl out is a binary file which can be copied DIRECTLY into the input data structure for the AVA driver See section B 4 18 ava_set_cpl Set call progress parameters Note Structures should always be byte aligned Page 12
10. running pikacpl If FAST BUSY is not learned pikacpl automatically defaults the results to equal the BUSY tone parameter indicates the number of calls that pikacpl will make to that number to learn the FAST BUSY signal The default value is 5 Assumes that RINGING signal will be learned Choose a phone number which will produce RINGING tone when called ie extension ON HOOK prior to running pikacpl parameter indicates the number of calls the AVA will make to that number to learn the RINGING signal The default value is 5 Selects the number of tone bursts or ON OFF ON OFF groups to learn for this run Typically this is 5 but in some phone systems this maybe too many as the tones halt after 3 4 cycles Sets debounce parameter for audio energy detection The value of lt num gt the minimum number of consecutive 52mSec audio energy scans required to determine that a silent phone line now has audio energy is present Default 2 or 50 to 100mSec Sets debounce parameter for audio silence detection The value of lt num gt the minimum number of consecutive 52mSec audio energy scans required to determine that energy on phone line has gone silent Default 2 or 50 to 100mSec Allows setting an extra margin of tolerance for detection of patterns The value of this parameter is added directly to the variations from the nominal sizes of pattern groups Hi1 Lo1 Hi2 Lo2 calculated during the learn pro
11. 111 Debounced Data 111111111100000000011111111100000000001111 The next step in learning the call progress pattern is to process this debounced data into a template for pattern matching also representing the data in a compact format The algorithm used for extracting patterns from this raw data is based on the following The following shows the pattern for DOUBLE RINGING type cadence which by inspection is the most complex call progress pattern Cycle 1 e Cycle 2 Hi 1 Hi 2 Ss WS Lo 1 Lo 2 Lo 1 Lo 2 Therefore by assuming no call progress tone pattern is more complex than above it follows that all patterns can be represented as a repeating group of four bits consisting of ONEs and ZEROs Hi1 Loi Hi2 and Lo2 The debounced scan data is analysed according to this algorithm starting at the first occurance of energy ie Hi1 The number of scans for each group is counted and averaged over the entire period of the learn session to determine the nominal size of each of the four groups measured in number of 52mSec samples The final step in learning a call progress pattern is to build some tolerances into the pattern detection Since variations will typically occur from call to call or even cycle to cycle the debounced data stream is also analysed to determine the allowable worst case deviations in percent from the calculated nominals thus providing a tolerance factor when matching to call progress patterns
12. 5 OFF reached but is busy 620 0 25 OFF _ or unassigned code A study of typical applications shows that cadence detection is a reliable method of detecting CP tones and determining the success ie answer or failure of a call The AVA provides a flexible call analysis detection scheme based on detection of CP tone signal energy cadences This detection scheme allows designers to tailor their system to any required cadence scheme providing reliable detection of all international CP tones Page 3 1 3 Call Analysis Algorithm The AVA s CP tone detection software scans the phone line for audio energy within a pre determined amplitude and frequency range The software determines the real time cadence of the energy on the line identifying which CP tone is present a Audible ringback b Busy tone C Fast busy re order tone d Silence e Dial Tone When a call progress detection session begins the AVA waits for the occurance of audio energy on the phone line When energy is detected the AVA attempts to match the cadence patterns detected in real time to pre determined patterns for each of the tones above See A 3 1 The following list describes the actions taken by the AVA as patterns are matched a Audible ringback Continue scanning until pattern does not match RINGBACK indicating call has been answered Returns a CONNECT message to the application Busy tone Returns a BUSY FOUND message to the application Fast busy
13. Communications du Canada indentifie le materiel homologue Cette etiquette certifie que le materiel est conforme a certaines normes de protection d exploitation et de securite des reseaux de telecommunications Le Ministere n assure toutefois pas que le materiel fonctionnera a la satisfaction de l utilisateur Avant d installer ce materiel l utilisateur doit s assurer qu il est permis de le raccorder aux installations de l entreprise locale de telecommunication Le materiel doit egalement etre installe en suivant une method acceptee de raccordement Dans certains cas le fils interieurs de l entreprise utilises pour un service individuel a ligne unique peuvent etre prolonges au moyen d un dispositif homologue de raccordement cordon prolongateur telephonique interne L abonne de doit pas oublier qu il est possible que la conformite aux conditions enoncees ce dessus n empechent pas la degradation du service dans certaines situations Actuellement les entreprises de telecommunication ne permettent pas que l on raccorde leur materiel a des jacks d abonne sauf dans le cas precis prevus pas les tarrifs particuliers de ces entreprises Les reparations de materiel homologue doivent etre affectuees par un centre d entretien canadien autorise designe par le fournisseur La compagnie de telecommunications peut demander a l uitilisateur de debrancher un appareil a la suite de reparations ou de modifications effectuees par l utilisateur ou de modifications effect
14. PIKA TECHNOLOGIES INC 155 Terrence Matthews Crescent Kanata Ontario K2M 2A8 Canada Tel 1 613 591 1555 Fax 1 613 591 1488 c Copyright 1989 1992 PIKA Technologies Inc All rights reserved No part of this document may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or in any other form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without prior written permission of PIKA Technologies Inc First Printing July 1989 Latest Revision January 1994 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 0 INTRODUCTION nennen ennen eneen 1 1 1 PIKA AVA Interfaces 2 1 1 1 Direct Audio interfaces 2 1 1 2 Telecom interfaces 2 1 1 3 AVA 1B Personal Telephone Module 3 1 2 AVA B Series Feature Matrix 5 1 3 Installing AVA cards in a system 6 1 4 PIKA AVA Signal Levels 7 2 0 HARDWARE DESIGN 8 3 0 CONFIGURING THE PIKA AVA HARDWARE 10 3 1 Card Base Address nanne ennen 11 Ku CN 11 3 2 1 Multiple Card Interrupts 11 3 3 Audio Sampling Rate 11 3 4 Filter Frequency 12 3 5 Mic Line Input 13 3 5 1 Music On Hold aenean 13 3 6 Monitor Port 13 3 7 Telecom Hogg 20 nen ee 14 3 7 1 Telecom port features 15 3 7 2 Personal Telephone TELSET Module 15 4 0 COMMON PIKA AVA QUESTIONS 16 RO GLOSSARY EE 19 6 0 FCC INFORMATION neee eren seee ereen 24 6 1 S
15. ace do I need for my application A Storage space is dependent on audio sampling rate As the sample rate drops storage requirement reduces but so does audio quality MBYTES HOUR 85 1286 7 0kHz 9 3kHz Q How do I select the card address and interrupt for my PIKA AVA cards A Determine what hardware is in your system ie serial parallel ports other peripheral cards etc If you have documentation on these cards determine which card address and interrupts they use Configure your PIKA AVA so that it does not use the same interrupt or address as any other cards in your system The following shows a few typical examples Floppy Disk IRQ6 3F23F7 73 Page 16 Q What s the difference between LINE and MICROPHONE input to my PIKA AVA A The PIKA AVA card can be jumpered to accept either MIC or LINE levels MIC level is compatible with standard microphones LINE level is compatible with output from pre amplified devices such as tape decks CD players walkmans radios etc Page 17 5 0 GLOSSARY ADPCM Adaptive Delta Pulse Code Modulation This is the scheme used by PIKA AVA cards for numerically representing audio signals This method minimizes hard disk and memory requirements by storing only the difference between adjacent samples rather than the actual samples themselves In this scheme data is stored in four bit nibbles whose actual meaning adapts with the average signal level as a means of improvi
16. ation of two tones One Page 18 representing the row the other the column on the keypad where the key is located FIFO First In First Out memory device FIFOs are used on each PIKA AVA audio circuit as a buffer for play or record audio data These buffers provide temporary storage for audio data blocks on the PIKA AVA card allowing the computer system to operate efficiently on multiple PIKA AVA channels within the system Page 19 GROUND BUTTON A signal used in many non North American countries to put somebody on HOLD A user presses a button on the phone which momentarily applies a ground signal to one of the phone line leads This signals the phone system to put the far end party on hold This feature is available as an option on the PIKA AVA 2B AVA 4B and is standard with the PIKA AVA 1B optional Personal Telephone TELSET module GROUND START INTERFACE An interface between phone systems and the public network C O This interface operates much like a LOOP START INTERFACE except during the start of a call This interface is preferred for PBX systems since it eliminates glare conditions caused by the PBX attempting to call out on a line which is calling in but is still on the silence period of ringing HANGUP DETECTION Many phone systems can indicate that a caller at the other end of the connection has hung up by momentarily disconnecting the loop current from the phone line The PIKA AVA detects loop current breaks t
17. cess The default for t 20 Example Suppose learn found Hi1 nominal 10 counts largest 12 counts smallest 7 counts The resulting worst case deviation for Hil is 10 7 3 This deviation represents a percent tolerance of 100 3 10 30 By selecting t 20 the net tolerance used by AVA is 30 20 50 The result is that Hi1 will be matched for a scan of Page 8 10 50 5to 15 counts A zero value for this parameter is not recommended since it leaves no margin of tolerance should a transient situation arise which did not during call progress learning A large value for this parameter is also not recommended since it may increase the tolerance to such an extent as to cause difficulty in determining a call connect condition p Allows changing the default I O port for performing CP learn This program uses AVA channel 0 which is located at the lowest configured AVA port which typically starts at I O address 200hex If the system does not use 200 as the address for AVA channel 0 this parameter allows the user to specify where it is located ie 220 240 260 etc See CARD ADDRESS SELECTION section of the AVA hardware manual 0 Allows routing the results of pikacpl to a filename other than the default pikacpl out Page 9 Examples PIKACPL4 n215 b3 g4 Calls extension 215 expecting a busy signal Call will be repeated three times Four ON OFF groups will be learned PIKACPL4
18. comparable to tape decks CD players etc This port can drive high impedance headphones NET PBX PORT This is where the PIKA AVA channels are connected to the public phone network or PBX system PBX PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange This is the generic term for private telephone systems where a subscriber can call to the outside world ie public network without knowledge of line status or selection ie dial 9 Page 21 PHONE PORT Found on PIKA AVA 1B with optional Personal Telephone TELSET module This is where the PIKA AVA is connected to a local single line 500 2500 type phone This port is physically connected to a corresponding NET PBX port in normal operation allowing the phones to operate without interference by the PIKA AVA card RINGING VOLTAGE Phone systems apply ringing voltage to a phone line to alert a station ie phone answering machine voice mail machine etc of an incoming call Ringing voltage consists of an AC signal frequency of 16 to 30 hertz and amplitude of 70 to 110 volts AC onto the phone line TIP RING Refers to the pair of wires used for connecting the phone to telephone systems Historically the name is derived from the name of the conductors on the plugs used in manual switchboards of the past TRUNK Another name for a phone line between a PABX and the C 0 6 0 FCC Page 22 6 0 FCC INFORMATION 6 1 System Integrators This section contains information applicable to system integ
19. ed to represent the binary samples of audio magnitude As the maximum number of bits per sample increases the quality of audio reproduction increases It is evident that to achieve the best audio reproduction quality the highest possible sampling rate and largest sample size should be used It is also evident that the requirement for more mass storage ie hard disk size increases as audio quality increases The PIKA AVA product family makes use of a practical method of representing digitized audio by a technique called ADAPTIVE DELTA PULSE CODE MODULATION or ADPCM This scheme represents audio as a series of 4 bit binary values which adapt their meaning to changing average audio input levels ADPCM provides optimum audio performance and minimal hard disk storage requirements Options have been provided on the PIKA AVA cards to allow users to select from a wide range of audio sampling frequencies 1 1 PIKA AVA Interfaces Page 1 The PIKA AVA products provide computers with two basic types of interface to the real world Direct Audio and Telecom 1 1 1 Direct Audio interfaces The PIKA AVA products provide LINE or MICROPHONE compatible audio inputs for general purpose recording e LINE level inputs are typically 1 to 2 volts peak to peak and are generated by tape decks CD players headphone outputs etc e MICROPHONE level inputs are typically 5 to 10 millivolts peak to peak and are generated by microphones Monitor
20. eral purpose audio monitor port from the card The monitor port output impedance is approximately 100 ohms and should be used in conjunction with an external amplifier i e IT CANNOT DRIVE A SPEAKER DIRECTLY 3 7 Telecom Ports The PIKA AVA cards contain one or two 6 conductor RJ14 type modular phone jacks at the bracket end of the card Each connector is wired to standard loop start line interface circuits as shown in the following table Connector leadd pe PIKA AVA J1 RED 1B 2B 4B GREEN BLACK 2B 4B YELLOW RED Line 2 Phone 4B 1B GREEN Line 2 Phone BLACK Line 3 4B YELLOW Line 3 Fig 10 PIKA AVA phone connector configurations If equipped with Personal Telephone TELSET Module Page 13 3 7 1 Telecom port features The telecom interfaces on the PIKA AVA cards NET PBX ports feature the following resources a Loop start termination b Ringing voltage detector c Loop disconnect detector d DTMF touchtone transceiver e Call progress tone detector f Audio record or playback g Optional Ground key outgoing ground start option Since each interface circuit does not share any of these resources a fully non blocking system can be implemented based on the PIKA AVA hardware 3 7 2 Personal Telephone TELSET Module The optional PIKA AVA 1B optional Personal Telephone TELSET module features the following a Local telephone feed b Local telephone OFFHOOK detect c Ground key outgoin
21. erience trouble with the PIKA AVA please contact PIKA Technologies 155 Terrence Matthews Cres Kanata Ontario K2M 2A8 Tel 1 613 591 1555 Fax 1 613 591 1488 for repair warranty information The telephone company may ask you to disconnect this equipment from the network until the problem has been corrected or you are sure that the equipment is not malfunctioning The PIKA AVA may not be used on coin service provided by the telephone company Connection to party lines is subject to state tariffs Contact your state public utility commission or corporation commission for information For the Netherlands only You are not allowed to use pulse dialing for outbound calling You are allowed to use DTMF dialing For the Netherlands only The equipment might not respond at all PSN s You can get more information about this from the PTT network facility Page 24 7 0 DOC INFORMATION 7 1 Equipment Attachment Limitations NOTICE The Canadian Department of Communications label identifies certified equipment This certification means that the equipment meets certain telecommunications network protective operational safety requirements The Department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user s satisfaction Before installing this equipment users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities of the local telecommunications company The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of connec
22. g Ground Start Page 14 4 0 COMMON PIKA AVA QUESTIONS Q Besides number of channels what is the difference between PIKA AVA 1B 2B and 4B A The PIKA AVA 2B and PIKA AVA 4B are identical except for the number of lines The PIKA AVA 1B supports direct connection to a telephone for local record and playback with an optional Personal Telephone TELSET module Phones can also be physically disconnected SPLIT option from the phone system under software control The PIKA AVA 1B also allows an external audio source connected to the MIC LINE input to provide music on hold to the NET PBX port Q Do I need to purchase a FIFO upgrade kit for my PIKA AVA cards A The PIKA AVA has on board FIFO audio buffers to allow the PC s CPU to operate on multiple channels Standard size is 0 5Kbytes The FIFOs are filled with new data periodically by the driver as the PIKA AVA plays audio The PIKA AVA s FIFO operations occur at interrupt level independent of most applications If your application disables interrupts or you have a slow access hard drive FIFO interrupt servicing may be disrupted The following table shows how often the FIFOs must be serviced to ensure correct PIKA AVA operation Page 15 FIFO SIZE ALL TIMES IN MILLISECONDS po O5K IK Your choice of FIFO option is made based on this table after determining your disk drive s access time and your application s use of interrupts other than PIKA AVA s Q How much disk storage sp
23. igured by a change to jumper blocks HD10 and HD12 The PIKA AVA cards are factory set for interrupt IRQ3 to correspond with software defaults The factory settings can be re configured by a change to jumper block HD3 as shown below AVA 1B Only AVA 1B 2B amp 4B HD3B HD3 0000 000000 0000 000000 IRQ 7 IRQ 6 IRQ 10 IRQ 5 IRQ 11 RO 4 IRQ 12 IRQ 3 IRQ 15 IRQ2 Fig 4 Card Interrupt Select 3 2 1 Multiple Card Interrupts The correct operation of multiple PIKA AVA cards requires that all cards be connected to the same interrupt 3 3 Audio Sampling rate The audio sampling rate can be adjusted using jumper blocks HD1 and HD11 as shown in figure 5 The recorded audio quality improves as the sample rate increases but at the expense of increased memory usage see figure 6 AVA 2B 4B AVA 1B HD11 Fig 6 Sample Rate Options kHz Page 11 The amount of memory required for storage of digitized audio memory Sample Frequency 2 Bytes per second Fig 7 Data Storage Requirements 3 4 Filter Frequency Low pass filters are provided in the A D direction for anti aliasing as specified by the minimum Nyquist sampling bandwidth ie Filter Frequency lt Sample Frequency 2 A filter is also provided in the D A direction for output smoothing of the analog output signal The filter cut off frequency is set using jumper block HD2 as shown CUT
24. ng noise performance AUDIO SAMPLE RATE This is the rate at which audio signals are sampled for amplitude and converted to binary representation of this amplitude ie Analog to Digital Conversion rate The PIKA AVA cards support a range of sample rates from 3 5kHz to 19 6kHz PIKA AVA 1B A single line 1 2 size XT card supporting a NET PBX interface a LINE MIC and MONITOR port and an optional Personal Telephone Module TELSET The PIKA AVA 1B is used for call answering and originate applications or general purpose audio play and record PIKA AVA 2B A two line PIKA AVA card each line supporting a NET PBX interface Used for call answer or originate applications or general purpose audio play and record PIKA AVA 4B A four line PIKA AVA card with NET PBX loop start interfaces The PIKA AVA 4B is used in voice servers for call answer and originate applications CALL PROGRESS TONES These are audible signals indicating the state of an outgoing call These signals consist of specific combinations of frequencies and cadences each with a particular meaning such as DIAL TONE AUDIBLE RINGBACK BUSY TONE RE ORDER TONE etc CENTRAL OFFICE The central office or C O is the location of the local telephone company s switching equipment Lines from the telephone company C O are connected directly to homes and businesses DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency or Touchtone signals generated by push button phones Each digit is a combin
25. o determine that a far end hangup has occurred HOOKFLASH A signal used in many countries to put somebody on HOLD A user either presses a button on the phone or taps the hookswitch to momentarily disconnect from the line This signals the phone system to put the far end party on hold This feature is provided on the PIKA AVA 1B 2B and 4B KEY SYSTEM This is the generic term for private telephone systems where subscribers must manually select a non busy line to access the outside world ie public network LINE MIC PORT This port is a general purpose audio input port to the PIKA AVA card This input is jumper selectable to be compatible either with LINE type levels ie tape decks CD players etc or MICROPHONE type levels LINE SPLIT On PIKA AVA 1B with optional Personal Telephone TELSET module the PHONE port can be physically disconnected or split from the NET PBX port for audio input from a local telephone LOOP START INTERFACE The standard PIKA AVA NET PBX interface which connects the PIKA AVA to the phone system by applying a DC termination across the phone line This connection forms a DC current loop from the phone system through the PIKA AVA and back to the phone system Page 20 indicating that the PIKA AVA is offhook and has started or answered a call MONITOR PORT This port is a general purpose audio output port from the PIKA AVA card This output cannot drive speakers directly it provides output levels
26. outputs are also provided as general purpose audio outputs The PIKA AVA monitor output ports are designed to drive impedances greater than 100 ohms so they cannot drive typical 4 to 8 ohm loud speakers directly e The Monitor port is typically used in conjunction with an external amplifier amplified speakers or high impedance headphones ie 32 ohms or greater 1 1 2 Telecom interfaces The PIKA AVA products provide interfaces for practical telecommunications applications The common feature of the PIKA AVA B Series is a LOOP START interface on each circuit for direct connection to a PBX or the public phone network ie NET PBX port This interface is used to connect the PIKA AVA to a telephone system In simple terms this interface makes the phone system believe that each phone line connected to an PIKA AVA NET PBX port is in fact connected to a regular single line phone and that an intelligent human is using it The PIKA AVA provides all the functions necessary for phone line applications including e Detection of ringing ie somebody is calling in e Taking the line off hook ie answer start a call e Detecting touchtone DTMF digits e Dialing touchtone DTMF digits e Detecting if outgoing calls are successful ie somebody answered the line is busy etc e Detecting if the caller has hung up at the far end Page 2 WALL JACK PIKA AVA PBX NET NET PBX PORT TO PIKA AVA CONNECTION AVA
27. r of the PIKA AVA B series is 100 hardware and software compatible allowing the mix and match construction of systems This scheme allows PIKA based systems to grow in either 1 2 or 4 line increments with absolutely no modification of application software Page 8 NET PBX NTERFACE NET PBX NTERFACE NET PBX INTERFAC Fig 1 PIKA AVA 4B Block Diagram Page 9 3 0 CONFIGURING THE PIKA AVA HARDWARE This section describes the various user options 23 SAMPLING RATE u 14KHZ Ui 9 3KHZ UT 7KHZ NET PBX PHONE OPTION FILTER 4 OUT 3KH D2 2 6555535100 c sou ee MONITOR OUT c ein E gt 498 io LINE MIC IN Fig 2 PIKA AVA 1B Configuration D11 NER NOTE On the international version of the AVA 2Bi 4Bi card there is no HD50 jumper The input is a line input only LINE U CHANNEL 5 HD12 HD12 ooo 000 HD10 HD10 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 2E0 6E0 2C0 6CO 2A0 6A0 280 680 260 660 240 640 220 620 200 600 AVA 2B 4B Card Adress Selection Fig 3 PIKA AVA 2B 4B Configuration Page 10 3 1 Card Base Address The PIKA AVA cards are factory set for a base address 200 21F to correspond with software defaults The factory default settings can be reconf
28. rators to ensure the use of the PIKA AVA complies with FCC part 68 i The PIKA AVA must be mounted into the final assembly so that it is isolated from exposure to any hazardous voltages with the assembly Adequate separation and restraint of cables and cords must be provided ii The TIP RING leads from the PIKA AVA must be wired to the telephone lines in wiring that carries no other circuitry than that specifically allowed in FCC Part 68 rules Any PC board traces carrying TIP RING leads should have sufficient spacing to avoid surge breakdown iii The PIKA AVA must be connected to a standard IBM XT AT bus slot for correct power sources iv When the PIKA AVA is enclosed within an assembly a label shall be placed on the exterior of the cabinet listing registration numbers and RENs of all registered devices contained therein v The final assembler shall provide in the user manual the standard Exhibit J customer instructions as listed in section 6 2 below 6 2 Consumer Information The following information applies to consumers and is also to be included by system integrators in their customer documentation i The PIKA AVA complies with Part 15 and Part 68 of the FCC rules Verified to comply with the limits for Class A Digital Device pursuant to Part 15 of FCC rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment genera
29. rogress learn function The following command line options are available with this utility This help screen n lt num gt Automatically dial this string 0 9 amp or b lt num gt Dial busy signal for num times def 5 f lt num gt Dial fast busy signal for num times def 5 r lt num gt Dial ringing signal for num times def 5 e lt num gt Energy debounce def 2 scans g lt num gt Only do num groups per call def 5 S lt num gt Silence debounce def 2 scans t lt num gt Tolerance addition percentage def 20 p lt port io gt Port address in hex for AVA channel 0 def 200 o lt file gt Output filename def pikacpl out Option Details n Automatically dials the digit string entered Digit strings may be any combination of 0 to 9 or Control character include amp for hookflash loop disconnect and for 1 second pause If this option is not used the program will pause prompting the user for a number string b Assumes that BUSY signal will be learned Choose a phone number which will produce BUSY tone when called ie extension OFF HOOK prior to running pikacpl parameter indicates the number of calls pikacpl will make to that number to learn the BUSY signal The default value is 5 Page 7 Es e SS Assumes that FAST BUSY signal will be learned Choose a phone number which will produce FAST BUSY tone when called ie invalid extension number prior to
30. tes uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense On the solder side of the PIKA AVA board is a label that contains the FCC registration number and Ringer Equivalence Number REN for this equipment If requested provide this information to your telephone company ii The REN is useful to determine the quantity of devices you may connect to your telephone line and still have all of those devices ring when your number is called In most but not all areas the sum of the RENS of all devices should not exceed five 5 0 To be certain of the number of devices you may connect to your line as determined by the REN you should call your local telephone company to determine the maximum REN for your calling area iii If your PIKA AVA causes harm to the telephone network the telephone Company may discontinue your service temporarily If possible they will notify you in advance But if advance notices is not practical you will be notified as soon as possible iv Your telephone company may make changes in its facilities equipment operations or procedures that could affect the proper operation of your equipment If they do Page 23 viii you will be given advance notice so as to give you an opportunity to maintain uninterrupted service If you exp
31. tion In some cases the company s inside wiring associated with a single line certified connector assembly telephone extension cord The customer should be aware that compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated by the supplier Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment or equipment malfunctions may give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment Users should ensure for their own protection that the electrical ground connections of the power utility telephone lines and internal metallic water pipe system if present are connected together This precaution may be particularly important in rural areas Caution Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves but should contact the appropriate electric inspection authority or electrician as appropriate 7 2 Load Numbers LN The LOAD NUMBER LN assigned to each terminal device denotes the percentage of the total load to be connected to a telephone loop which is used by the device to prevent overloading The termination on a loop may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the requirement that the total of the Load Numbers of all the devices does not exceed 100 7 3 Restrictions Concernant Le Raccordement De Materiel AVIS L etiquette du ministere des
32. tput i e 5 volts peak to peak at A D or Page 7 2 0 HARDWARE DESIGN The PIKA AVA B Series provide IBM AT or compatible computers with digital audio sampling playback and telecom interface for multiple loop start ports PIKA AVA 1B 2B and 4B cards support one two and four channels respectively and can be installed in either single or multiple card systems covering a wide range of system configurations and applications The structure of the hardware is shown in figure 1 Each channel contains a Telecom line loop start interface NET PBX INTERFACE This circuit is used to perform the actual phone line functions related to call origination and transmission including line seize ringing voltage detection loop current supervision DTMF transmission reception and audio coupling The NET PBX interface circuit is under direct control of the host computer since its functions are not real time intensive Each channel is further supported by a dedicated audio processor AUDIO SAMPLER which provides digital audio encoding decoding ADPCM compression call progress tone and voice detection This circuit directly interfaces to the host machine s bus for data transfers to and from the hard disk and also relies on the system interrupts to ensure real time servicing during play and record activities The PIKA AVA B series cards are mapped into the host systems I O bus structure with user relocatable base address and interrupts Each membe
33. uees par l utilisateur ou a cause de mauvais fonctionnement Pour sa propre protection l utilisateur doit s assurer que tous le fils de mise a la terre de la source d energie electrique des lignes telephoniques et de canalisations d eau Page 25 metallique s il y en a sont raccordes ensemble Cette precaution est particulierement importante dans le regions rurales Avertissement L utilisatuer ne doit pas tenter de faire ces raccordements lui meme il doit avoir recours a un service d inspection des installations electriques ou a electricien selon le cas 7 4 L indices de Charge IC L indice de charge IC assigne a chaque dispositif terminal indique pour eviter toute surcharge le pourcentage de la charge totale qui peut etre raccordee a un circuit telephonique boucle utilise par ce dispositif La terminaison du circuit boucle peut etre constituee de n import quelle combinaison de dispositifs pourvu que la somme des indices de charge de l ensemble des dispositifs ne depasse pas 100 Page 26 PIKA TECHNOLOGIES INC 155 Terrence Matthews Crescent Kanata Ontario K2M 2A8 Canada Tel 1 613 591 1555 Fax 1 613 591 1488 c Copyright 1989 1992 PIKA Technologies Inc All rights reserverd No part of this document may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or in any other form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without prior written permission of PIKA Technologies Inc First Printing
34. ystems Integrators anneer 24 6 2 Consumer Information nnee ennen 24 7 0 DOC INFORMATION 26 7 1 Equipment Attachment Limitations 26 7 2 Load Numbers LN neee 26 7 3 Restrictions Concernant Le Raccordement De Materie 2222222 sen 26 L7 4 indices de Charge IC 27 1 0 INTRODUCTION The PIKA AVA B Series or Audio Voice Adapter family of products are used to provide a means of recording and reproducing audio or speech sounds with a computer The PIKA AVA products convert continuously changing audio signals into a series of discreet numerical samples representing the magnitude of the audio signal at fixed time intervals This process is know as ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERSION Strings of binary encoded audio samples can be stored on a computer s hard disk for future recovery without any degradation and for indefinite lengths of time The PIKA AVA can recall stored strings of binary encoded audio samples as required and re construct the original audio voice signal This process is know as DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERSION The quality of audio reproduction in digital audio sampling systems is affected predominantly by two factors 1 Sampling rate This is a measure of the rate at which audio signal magnitude is sampled and converted into binary representations As the sampling rate goes up the quality of audio reproduction increases 2 Sample size This is number of bits which are us
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