Appendix A - AutomationDirect
Contents
1. EUROPEAN UNION PENDIX DinecTIVEs CE In This Appendix European Union EU Directives A 2 Basic EMC Installation Guidelines A 4 Appendix A European Union Directives CE European Union EU Directives NOTE The information contained in this section is intended as a guideline and is based on our interpretation of the various standards and requirements Since the actual standards are issued bv other parties and in some cases governmental agencies the requirements can change over time without advance warning or notice Ghanges or additions to the standards can possiblv invalidate anv part of the information provided in this section This area of certification and approval is absolutelv vital to anvone who wants to do business in Europe One of the kev tasks that faced the EU member countries and the European Economic Area EEA was the requirement to bring several similar yet distinct standards together into one common standard for all members The primary purpose of a single standard was to make it easier to sell and transport goods between the various countries and to maintain a safe working and living environment The Directives that resulted from this merging of standards are now legal requirements for doing business in Europe Products that meet these Directives are required to have a CE mark to signify compliance Member Countries As of January 1 2007 the members o2. and Machinery Directive requirements of the following standards e Product Specific Standard for Programmable Controllers EN61131 2 2003 Programmable controllers equipment requirements and tests This is the product specific standard for PACs and covers the low voltage and EMC directives as required for European CE certification This standard has many tests together with test procedures and limits but also references the below standards for some tests IEC 60068 2 1 1990 part 2 tests A 60068 2 2 1974 part 2 test B IEC 60068 2 6 1995 Part 2 Test Fc IEC 60068 2 14 1984 Part 2 Test N IEC 60068 2 27 1987 Part 2 Test Ea IEC 60068 2 30 1980 Part 2 Test Db IEC 60068 2 31 1969 Part Test Ec IEC 60068 2 32 1975 Part 2 Test Ed IEC 60417 all parts IEC 60664 1 1992 Part 1 IEC 60664 3 1992 IEC 60695 2 1 all sheets Part 2 IEC 60707 1999 IEC 60947 5 1 1997 Part 5 1 IEC 60947 7 1 2002 Part 7 1 I EC 60950 1 2001 Part 1 IEC 61000 4 2 1995 Part 4 2 IEC 61000 4 3 2002 Part 4 3 IEC 61000 4 4 1995 IEC 61000 4 5 1995 Part 4 5 IEC 61000 4 6 1996 Part 4 6 IEC 61000 4 8 1993 Part 4 8 IEC 61000 4 12 1995 Part 4 12 IEC 61010 1 2001 Part 1 CISPR 11 1999 CISPR 16 1 1999 Part 1 CISPR 16 2 1999 Part 2 For undated references the latest edition of the referenced document including any amendments applies e Warning on Electrostatic Discharge ESD We recommend that all personnel take necessay precautions to avoid the risk of transferrin
3. supplies and that one side of all AC or DC control circuits must be earthed e Both power input connections to the programmable controller must be separately fused using 3 amp T type anti surge fuses and a transient suppressor fitted to limit supply overvoltages e If the equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired Productivity Hardware User Manual 4th Edition Rev B A 9 Appendix A European Union Directives CE ES Notes A 10 Productivity Hardware User Manual 4th Edition Rev B
4. and plan accordingly When assembling a control system using analog modules these issues must be adhered to and should be integrated into the system design This is the responsibility of the system builder commissioner Productivity are u Hardware User Manual 4th Edition Rev B A 7 Appendix A European Union Directives CE RRR Network Isolation For safety reasons it is a specific requirement of the Machinerv Directive that a kevswitch must be provided that isolates anv network input signal during maintenance so that remote commands cannot be received that could result in the operation of the machinerv To avoid the introduction of noise into the system any kevswitch assembly should be housed in its own earth grounded steel box and the integritv of the shielded cable must be maintained Again for further information on EU directives we recommend that vou get a copv of our EU Installation Manual DA EU M Also you can check the EU Commisions official web site at http publications europa eu It is good Engineering practice to install toroid inductors on the I O wiring and the communications cables such as listed in the table below Toroid Inductors Manufacturer Mig Part Number Outside Diameter Inside Diameter RS Online 260 6795 17 5mm 9 5 mm Fair Rite 2643665702 17 5 mm 9 5 mm Wurth Elektronick 742 700 9 17 5mm 9 5 mm Lockout swi
5. f the EU are Austria Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithonia Luxembourg Malta Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden and United Kingdom Iceland Liechtenstein and Norway together with the EU members make up the European Economic Area EEA and all are covered by the Directives Applicable Directives There are several Directives that apply to our products Directives may be amended or added as required e Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive EMC this Directive attempts to ensure that devices equipment and systems have the ability to function satisfactorily in an electromagnetic environment without introducing intolerable electromagnetic disturbance to anything in that environment e Machinery Safety Directive this Directive covers the safety aspects of the equipment installation etc There are several areas involved including testing standards covering both electrical noise immunity and noise generation e Low Voltage Directive this Directive is also safety related and covers electrical equipment that has voltage ranges of 50 1000VAC and or 75 1500VDC e Battery Directive this Directive covers the production recycling and disposal of batteries Compliance Certain standards within each Directive already require mandatory compliance The EMC Directive which has gained the m
6. g static charges to inside the control cabinet and clear warnings and instructions should be provided on the cabinet exterior Such precautions may include the use of earth straps grounding mats and similar static control devices or the powering off of the equipment inside the enclosure before the door is opened e Warning on Radio Interference RFI This is a class A product In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures General Safety e External switches circuit breaker or external fusing are required for these devices e The switch or circuit breaker should be mounted near the programmable controller equipment Productivity e Hardware User Manual 4th Edition Rev B A 3 Appendix A European Union Directives CE n Special Installation Manual The installation requirements to complv with the requirements of the Machinerv Directive EMC Directive and Low Voltage Directive are slightlv more complex than the normal installation requirements found in the United States To help with this we have published a special manual which vou can order or download from our website e DA EU M EU Installation Manual that covers special installation requirements to meet the EU Directive requirements Refer to this manual for updated information Other Sources of Information Although the EMC Directive gets the most attention other basic D
7. ground wires and mechanical assembly earth ground connections This should be installed to comply with safety and EMC requirements local standards and the requirements found in IEC 1000 5 2 The Machinery Directive also requires that the common terminals of the programmable controller input modules and common supply side of loads driven from programmable controller output modules should be connected to the protective earth ground terminal A B C D K Serial Communication Cable ey Equi potential Bond Equi potential Grounding Adequate site earth grounding must be provided for equipment containing modern electronic circuitry The use of isolated earth electrodes for electronic systems is forbidden in some countries Make sure you check any requirements for your particular destination IEC 1000 5 2 covers equi potential bonding of earth grids adequately but special attention should be given to apparatus and control cubicles that contain I O devices remote I O racks or have inter system communications with the primary PAC system enclosure An equi potential bond wire must be provided alongside all serial communications cables and to any separate items of the plant which contain I O devices connected to the programmable controller The diagram shows an example of four physical locations connected by a communications cable Productivitys Hardwa
8. irectives such as the Machinerv Directive and the Low Voltage Directive also place restrictions on the control panel builder Because of these additional requirements it is recommended that the following publications be purchased and used as guidelines e BSI publication TH 42073 February 1996 covers the safety and electrical aspects of the Machinery Directive e EN 60204 1 1992 General electrical requirements for machinery including Low Voltage and EMC considerations e IEC 1000 5 2 EMC earthing and cabling requirements e IEC 1000 5 1 EMC general considerations It may be possible for you to obtain this information locally however the official source of applicable Directives and related standards is The Office for Official Publications of the European Communities L 2985 Luxembourg quickest contact is via the web at http publications europa eu Another source is British Standards Institution Sales Department Linford Wood Milton Keynes MK14 GLE United Kingdom the quickest contact is via the web at www bsigroup com Basic EMC Installation Guidelines Enclosures The simplest way to meet the safety requirements of the Machinery and Low Voltage Directives is to house all control equipment in an industry standard lockable steel enclosure This normally has an added benefit because it will also help to reduce EMC emissions Although the RF emissions from the programmable controller equipment when measured in the o
9. n guides encourage earth loops which are maintained at a low impedance by using heavy equi potential bond wires To account for non European installations using single end earth grounds and sites with far from ideal earth ground characteristics we recommend the addition of 100 ohm resistors at each OV link connection in network and communications cables Shielded Cables Within Enclosures When you run cables between programmable controller items within an enclosure which also contains susceptible electronic equipment from other manufacturers remember that these cables may be a source of RF emissions There are ways to minimize this risk Standard data cables connecting PACs and or operator interfaces should be routed well away from other equipment and their associated cabling You can make special serial cables where the cable shield is connected to the enclosure s earth ground at both ends the same way as external cables are connected Analog Modules and RF Interference The readings from all analog modules will be affected by the use of devices that exhibit high field strengths such as mobile phones and motor drives All AutomationDirect products are tested to withstand field strength levels up to 10V m which is the maximum required by the relevant EU standards While all products passs this test analog modules will typically exhibit deviations of their readings This is quite normal however systems designers should be aware of this
10. ost attention became mandatory as of January 1 1996 The Low Voltage Directive became mandatory as of January 1 1997 Ultimately we are all responsible for our various pieces of the puzzle As manufacturers we must test our products and document any test results and or installation procedures that are necessary to comply with the Directives As a machine builder you are responsible for A 2 Productivity o Hardware User Manual 4th Edition Rev B Appendix A European Union Directives CE Res T installing the products in a manner which will ensure compliance is maintained You are also responsible for testing any combinations of products that may or may not comply with the Directives when used together The end user of the products must comply with any Directives that may cover maintenance disposal etc of equipment or various components Although we strive to provide the best assistance available it is impossible for us to test all possible configurations of our products with respect to any specific Directive Because of this it is ultimately your responsibility to ensure that your machinery as a whole complies with these Directives and to keep up with applicable Directives and or practices that are required for compliance Productivity3000 systems manufactured by Koyo Electronics Industries or FACTS Engineering when properly installed and used conform to the Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC Low Voltage Directive
11. pen air are well below the EMC Directive limits certain configurations can increase emission levels Holes in the enclosure for the passage of cables or to mount operator interfaces can increase emissions A 4 Productivity o Hardware User Manual 4th Edition Rev B Appendix A European Union Directives CE a Mains Filters Productivity3000 AC powered base power supplies do not require extra mains filtering to comply with the EMC Directive on conducted RF emissions DC powered base power supplies require a mains filter ACORCOM 6MV1 filter was tested and reduced emissions to an acceptable level Suppression and Fusing In order to comply with the fire risk requirements of the Low Voltage and Machinery Directive standards EN 61010 1 and EN 60204 1 it is necessary to fuse both sides of the power inputs on both AC and DC units Transient suppressors must be protected by fuses and the capacity of the transient suppressor must be greater than the blow characteristics of the fuses or circuit breakers to avoid a fire risk A recommended AC supply input arrangement for the Productivity 3000 is to use twin 3 amp TT fused terminals with fuse blown indication such as DINnectors DN F10L terminals or twin circuit breakers Internal Enclosure Grounding A heavy duty star earth terminal block should be provided in every cubicle for the connection of all earth ground straps protective earth ground connections mains filter earth
12. re User Manual 4th Edition Rev B A 5 Appendix A European Union Directives CE Communications and Shielded Cables 5 d Conductive Greene NS Adapter B Cable m ya Serial ve VO D To Earth Block Equi potential Bond lil H Control Cubicle XX Good quality 24 AWG minimum twisted pair shielded cables with overall foil and braid shields are recommended for analog cabling and communications cabling outside of the programmable controller enclosure To date it has been a common practice to only provide an earth ground for one end of the cable shield in order to minimize the risk of noise caused by earth ground loop currents between apparatus The procedure of only grounding one end which primarily originated as a result of trying to reduce hum in audio systems is no longer applicable to the complex industrial environment Shielded cables are also efficient emitters of RF noise from the PAC system and can interact in a parasitic manner in networks and between multiple sources of interference The recommendation is to use shielded cables as electrostatic pipes between apparatus and systems and to run heavy gauge equi potential bond wires alongside all shielded cables When a shielded cable runs through the metallic wall of an enclosure or machine it is recommended in IEC 1000 5 2 that the shield should be connected over it
13. s full perimeter to the wall preferably using a conducting adapter and not via a pigtail wire connection to an earth ground bolt Shields must be connected to every enclosure wall or machine cover that they pass through A 6 Productivity o Hardware User Manual 4th Edition Rev B Appendix A European Union Directives CE Analog and RS232 Cables Providing an earth ground for both ends of the shield for analog circuits provides the perfect electrical environment for the twisted pair cable as the loop consists of signal and return in a perfectly balanced circuit arrangement with connection to the common of the input circuitry made at the module terminals RS232 cables are handled in the same way Last Slave Slave n Master TXD 0V RXD TXD 0V RXD RXD OV TXD gt P e poa se H 100 Q Wa A 100 Q i 100 Termination Termination e B Multidrop Cables RS422 twin twisted pair and RS485 single twisted pair cables also require a OV link which has often been provided in the past bv the cable shield It is now recommended that vou use triple twisted pair cabling for RS422 links and twin twisted pair cable for RS485 links This is because the extra pair can be used as the OV inter svstem link With loop DC power supplies earth grounded in both svstems earth loops are created in this manner via the inter system Ov link The installatio
14. tch for communication Mains Fuse Isolation Transformer Toroid and conduit for communication cables 2 50mm minimum clearance all sides Separate conduit and toroid coils for DC signals AC signals and analog signals Metallic conduit required Pressure sensitive switch for power A 8 Productivity o Hardware User Manual 4th Edition Rev B Appendix A European Union Directives CE 0000 Items Specific to the Productivitv3000 e The rating between all circuits in this product are rated as basic insulation only as appropriate for A single fault conditions e It is the responsibility of the system designer to earth one side of all control and power circuits and to earth the braid of screened cables e This equipment must be properly installed while adhering to the guidelines of the in house PAC installation manual DA EU M and the installation standards IEC 1000 5 1 IEC 1000 5 2 and IEC 1131 4 e It is a requirement that all PLC equipment must be housed in a protective steel enclosure which limits access to operators by a lock and power breaker If access is required by operators or untrained personnel the equipment must be installed inside an internal cover or secondary enclosure e It should be noted that the safety requirements of the machinery directive standard EN60204 1 state that all equipment power circuits must be wired through isolation transformers or isolating power
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