Polydat: Poly-Metallic, nodules GIS
Contents
1. 14 90 166 55 166 60 166 65 166 70 166 75 An example of a contour plot displaying Abundance of Nodules concentration in kg sqm and Stations points as crosses 36 of 45 3 2 4 Polydat Menu and Toolbar 3 2 4 1 PolyDat Menu This menu has several options which are summarized below 32411 Rebuild All This option should be taken if the user has just finished entering both Sectors and Station information from within the database in Access This command looks up new records which have been input to the Sectors and Stations tables and builds spatial objects from Latitude and Longitude values in these tables 3 2 4 1 2 Rebuild Sectors This option should be selected if the user has entered Sectors data This command will then build polygon objects representing the additional Sectors areas The system stores also the sector area in the appropriate field in the sectors table 3 2 4 1 3 Rebuild Stations This option should be selected if the user has entered sample data This command will then build point objects representing the additional Stations 3 2 4 1 4 Stations Entry On selecting the Stations entry command from the PolyDat menu in MapInfo the operator works on the Stations Table in Read Write Mode A browser corresponding to the Stations Table opens and the operator should s2. sse 41 Marine Geologist 41 GIS Unit active at the Legal and Technical commission 41 Acquisition of classification criteria for queries 41 Collect and enter supplemental data 41 Cooperation with National Agencies 41 Map Production osetis tree etc te pe tice 42 Glossary of Terms a Ree lene 43 3 of 45 1 Introduction The International Seabed Authority is an autonomous international organisation established under the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the 1994 Agreement relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea The Authority is the organisation through which States Parties to the Convention shall in accordance with the regime for the seabed and ocean floor and subsoil thereof beyond the limits of national jurisdiction the Area established in Part XI and the Agreement organise and control activities in the Area particularly with a view to administering the resources of the Area The Authority came into existence on 16 November 1994 upon the entry into force of the 1982 Convention The first Secretary General of the Authority Satya Nandan Fiji was elected in March 1996 and the Authority became fully operational as an autonomous international organisation in June 1996 when it t
3. Stations Abundance Stations Mn_ Columns from Tables s ectors Stations perator s where Condition Sectors Sector ID Stations Sector ID Aggregates AND Stations Mn_ gt Functions Group by Columns Sectors Sector ID Order by Columns Stations Mn 7 desc Select Columns into Table Named Mn results V Browse Results Cancel Clear Verify Help 3 2 3 1 2 Aggregate Functions These are useful for summarizing data and are used in the Select Columns box in the SQL Query dialogue For example the Samples table contains a large amount of analytical data The user may wish to find out how many samples from the total number have been recorded as containing above a certain concentration of a given element and also what the average value is Examples of typical queries using Aggregate Functions 1 How many samples taken in Santo contain more than 3 ppm gold 2 Of the samples containing above this threshold what is their average gold value 3 Of the samples containing any gold what are the maximum and minimum values Solutions 1 SELECT COUNT FROM STATIONS WHERE TEXTURE Smooth AND Mn_ppm gt 3 2 SELECT AVG Mn ppm FROM STATIONS WHERE TEXTURE Smooth AND Mn ppm gt 3 3 SELECT MIN Mn ppm MAX Mn ppm FROM STATIONS WHERE TEXTURE Smooth AND Mn ppm 0 31 of 45 A summary table of available aggregate functions is listed below Aggregate Function
4. Representative Postal Text 100 Representative Country Representative Tel Text 50 Representative phone number Representative Fax Text 50 Representative fax Representative Telex Text 50 Representative telex Representative E mail Text 200 Representative e mail Comments Memo 0 Comments This table records information about the prospector or explorer as specified in Annex 1 and Annex 2 of the Mining Code ISBA LTC WP 1 Rev 1 2 2 5 Lookup Tables TableName FieldName Type Size Description List Analysis Analysis Code Text 2 Analysis Code NGDC List Analysis Analysis Text 100 Analysis method List Country Country Text 50 Country name List Lithology Lithology Text 50 Lithology of the seabed List Morphology Morphology Text 50 Morphology of the sample List Nucleus Nucleus Text 50 Nucleus Type List Ocean Area Ocean Area Text 50 Ocean Area Name List Sample Type Sample Type Text 50 Sample Type Name List Sampling Device Sampling Text 50 Sampling Device List Section Type Section Type Text 100 Section Type of the Nodule List Texture Texture Text 50 Texture of the sample Most of these lookup tables are based on the National Geographic Data Center NGDC codification which is an extension of the codification used by the Scripps Institute of Oceanography SIO 2 2 5 1 List Analysis PIXE Proton Induced X ray Emission Atomic Absorption spectrophotometry Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy x ray diffractio
5. 1 3 Notes on Forms Forms are designed to be user friendly and the user should be aware of the following e Fields these are the items of information to be stored in the database Each time a new record is entered on a form a new line of data is put into one or more underlying tables e Status Bar If the user is not sure what to enter in a field the status bar at the base of the screen will display the definition of the field that currently has the focus i e which box on the form contains the cursor e Navigation buttons these help the user to move or navigate through the records e Other Buttons these are usually located at the top right hand side of the screen Different symbols mean different actions e g closing door means close the form A pair of binoculars means Find a particular record e Combo boxes A combo box can make data entry easier quicker and more accurate by presenting a scrollable list from which values can be directly picked 18 of 45 Error Messages to ensure data quality there are built in rules concerning the values data can be stored as Some of these are summarised below Error Message The value you entered isn t appropriate for the field The value you enter must match an entry in the list The value you entered isn t in the list do you want to add it Name Error Deleted Custom Messages e g Value must be either Appl initia
6. 1 The Info Tool On selecting an object in the mapper the info tool presents tabular data relating to the identified object 3 2 2 3 2 The Select Tool This appears as a pointer on screen with which objects are selected by clicking the mouse 3 2 2 3 3 The Marquee Select Tool Objects within the mapper are selected within a user defined rectangle by clicking and dragging with the mouse 3 2 2 3 4 The Radius Select Tool Objects within the mapper are selected within a user defined circle 3 2 2 3 5 The Zoom In Tool This can be used to magnify all or part of objects in the mapper 3 2 2 3 6 The Zoom Out Tool This does the opposite of the above tool 3 2 2 3 7 The Change View Tool Allows the user to specify the centre of the mapper as well as the scale 22 of 45 Change View Zoom Window Width 46 309 km Map Scale 1 cm 3518 km Center of Window X 2 deg Y o deg 3 2 2 3 6 The Grabber Tool This allows a map to be moved around interactively 3 2 2 3 9 The Layer Control Tool This controls which layers are visible in the mapper window 3 2 2 3 10 The Ruler Tool Allows distances to be measured between two points on a map 3 2 2 3 11 The Label Tool This is used to label objects in a mapper 3 2 2 3 12 The Statistics Tool Displays statistics of selected objects 3 2 2 3 13 The show hide legend tool Displays the legend window 3 2 2 4 The Drawing Toolbar fal Drawing Line Arc ymbol Fi iH
7. 2 5 4 List Nucleus Altered basalt Chert Clay Coral Earbone Glacial erratic Metallic object Nodule fragment None apparent Ooze Palagonite Pumice Rock unspecified Sediment unspecified Tooth Unknown Volcanic Zeolite 2 2 5 5 List Sample Type metalliferous hydrothermal sediment micronodules micronodules in sediment Mn coated organic material Mn coated sediment Mn crust or pavement Mn encrusted sediment Mn nodule in sediment Mn nodule or nodules nodules and micronodules several crusts 11 of 45 stratiform deposit unknown 2 2 5 6 List Sampling Device 4 inch graviti core 5 inch Gravity Core Accidental recovery towed vehicle Biological Box Core Biological Grab Box Core Box Dredge Box Grab Bucket Dredge Camera Core Catcher Grab on camera or core Chainbag Dredge Combined Chain amp Pipe Dredge Compressed Air Core Core Catcher Dart Core Deeptow Photograph Drill Core Drill Sludge Sample Explosive Core Free Fall Grab Free fall Core Gravity Core Gravity Core with Heat Flow Thermistors Gravity Oriented Core Heat Probe Manipulator mechanical arm Miscelaneous Core Miscelaneous Dredge or Drag Haul Miscelaneous Grab Multiple Core up to 5 Gravity Cores Multiple Photograph gt 1 frame same station Orange Peel Grab Peterson Grab Phleger Core Pipe Dredge Piston Core Piston Oriented Core Push Core Rock Dredge Rotary Core Sanpper Grab 12 of 45 Scoop Bag Shipek Grab Side Wall Core Soft Sediment Sa
8. The Automatic Map Creation Menu Bar PolyDat Layout Preview Layout Preview x Scale 1 1 000 000 v Custom 1 Paper Size v Portrait C Landscape v Grid v Title Block Layout Information Paper 170 mm x 260 mm Map 170 0 km x 260 0 km Cancel An automatic map tools has been designed to ease the burden of creating maps This tool requests the user to select the paper format and the orientation It will then display a rectangle on the current mapper that the user will be able to place on the desired area After accepting the position the tools will automatically draw a grid a title block and put the different elements on the paper The final output is a map with an automatic scale and information about the projection used 29 of 45 3 2 8 Data Manipulation 3 2 3 1 SQL Select This is a powerful way of querying data accessible from the Query menu and is available when at least one table is open By using one or more database tables to make selections based on certain criteria it can be used to generate query tables join tables or to create derived columns e g to calculate the sum of all values in a selected column etc The following requirements are necessary in order to formulate a query 1 Name the tables that are to be used 2 Select columns from the tables to be used 3 Specify a where condition Further conditions are optional and depend on the nature of the
9. World Geodetic System of 1984 WGS84 2 2 4 Surveyor FieldName Type Sze Description Surveyor Text 50 Surveyor Name Address Text 255 Surveyor Address City Text 50 Surveyor City Zip Code Text 50 Surveyor Zip Code Country Text 50 Surveyor Country Postal Address Text 255 Surveyor Postal Address if different from above Postal City Text 50 Surveyor Postal City if different from above Postal Zip Code Text 50 Surveyor Postal Zip Code if different from above Postal Country Text 100 Surveyor Postal Country if different from above Tel Text 50 Surveyor phone number Fax Text 50 Surveyor fax number Telex Text 50 Surveyor telex E mail Text 200 Surveyor e mail Nationality Text 100 Nationality of the applicant Place of registration Text 255 Place of registration if the Surveyor is a juridical person Place of business Text 255 Place of business if the Surveyor is a juridical person Sponsoring States Text 200 States sponsoring the Surveyor for exploration or exploitation Representative Text 50 Surveyor Designated representative if different from above Representative Text 255 Representative Address Representative City Text 50 Representative City Representative Zip Text 50 Representative Zip Code Representative Text 100 Representative Country Representative Postal Text 255 Representative Postal Address Representative Postal Text 50 Representative City Representative Postal Text 50 Representative Zip Code 8 of 45
10. determined by the program but can be altered by the user 35 of 45 The gridding method can be selected from a drop down list However Kriging is the default gridding method because it generates the best overall interpretation of most data sets and is flexible in that it can be used to grid almost any type of data set whether the data is regularly or irregularly spaced Another likely gridding method to use with large geological data sets would be Triangulation with Linear Interpolation The main advantage of this method is that if there is enough data any break lines that exist will be preserved For example if a fault is delimited by enough points on either side of the fault line the grid generated by triangulation will reveal its presence 6 Finally prior to the grid being produced the user must assign a name to the grid file by clicking the Browse button and navigating to the directory where the grid file is to be stored To start gridding press the OK button When a grid has been produced the resultant data can be visualized in a number of ways including contour shaded relief or surface plots The commands for these are accessed from the Map menu 14 704 220 00 210 00 200 00 190 00 180 00 UR 170 00 id x 160 00 HH 150 00 Em 140 00 Ee unn vati 130 00 b i 120 00 14 85 ee EE 110 00 i z E es 100 00 a 90 00 b d x 80 00 70 00 460 00 50 00 40 00 x ms 30 00 14 95 I Ul
11. its best in the mapper despite the size of the window 25 of 45 3 2 2 6 Displaying Data lt E 3 2 2 6 1 The Layer Control Tool Layer Control 3 2 2 6 2 The Display button itn zoon KT Mey zoom Kn In this instance the default symbol assigned to the Station layer can be changed by checking the Style Override box and then selecting a new symbol by clicking the button next to it 3 2 2 6 3 The Label button This Window specifies the default for the Auto Labelling of the layer 26 of 45 Stations Label Options m oann KT Mar Zoon Mi 3 2 2 6 4 The Open New map menu Menu Bar Window Open New Map Allows you to open a new mapper with the selected tables 3 2 2 6 5 The Open New Browser menu Menu Bar Window Open New Browser Open the Browser view of the selected table This view is more the database view of the data 3 2 2 6 6 Find Data Menu Bar gt Query gt Find Selection This zooms to the location of an object when it has been selected in either the browser or mapper view 3 2 2 7 Create Thematic maps Menu Bar Map Create Thematic Map 27 of 45 Create Thematic Map Step 1 of 3 Ea Pick a Type of Thematic Map d ssi Bar Charts Fie Charts Six categories of thematic maps are available e Ranges The colour represents the value of one column of a table Graduated e Bar Charts to display several colum
12. object will define the perimeter of the sector as well as its co ordinates 6 of 45 2 2 2 Sector Event FieldName Type Sze Description Event ID Long 4 Automatic Identifier Sector ID Text 50 Sector Identifier Event Date Date Time 8 Date of the Event Event Memo 0 Description of the Event This table describes events associated with the management of the application such as reception of reports confirmation letters reception of data and reception of various documents 2 2 3 Stations FieldName Type Sze Description Station ID Text 50 ISA Station Identifier MAPINFO ID Long 4 MapInfo Internal Identifier link to geographic object Sector ID Text 50 Sector Identifier Data Compiler Text 50 Organisation compiling the Data DC Station ID Text 50 Data Compiler Station Identifier DC Cruise ID Text 50 Data Compiler Cruise Identifier if any Latitude Double 8 Latitude of the sample WGS84 Longitude Double 8 Longitude of the sample WGS84 Water Depth Double 8 Depth of the sampling collection WGS4 spheroid Abundance Double 8 Abundance of minerals in kg sqm Sample Type Text 50 Sample Type Sampling Device Text 50 Sampling Device Section Type Text 100 Section Type Nucleus Text 50 Nucleus Morphology Text 50 Morphology Texture Text 50 Texture Lithology Text 50 Lithology of the seabed Mn 96 Double 8 Manganese percentage Mn ppm Double 8 Manganese parts per million Mn Analysis Text 2 Manganese analysis met
13. objects on the basis of their spatial relationship to some other object MapInfo has a special keyword that is used with geographical operators which is obj or object which tells MapInfo to select values based on graphical objects A summary table of available geographical operators is listed below Operator Description Contains Object A contains Object B if B s most central point is anywhere within the boundary of Object A Contains Entire Object B is entirely contained within Object A if B s boundary is completely contained with the boundary of A Within Object A is within Object B if A s most central point is anywhere within the boundary of Object B Entirely Within Object A is entirely within Object B if A s boundary is entirely within the boundary of Object B Intersects Object A intersects Object B if they have at least one point in common or if one of them is entirely within the other 32 of 45 Object A contains Object B Object A intersects Object B Object A contains entire Object B Object B within Object A Object B intersects Object A Object B is entirely contained within Object A Example Here is a query that will pick up all samples that are contained within a given licence area SELECT STATIONS STATION_ID STATIONS LONGITUDE STATIONS LATITUDE STATIONS SECTOR_ID SECTORS SECTOR_ID FROM STATIONS SECTORS WHERE STATIONS OBJ WITHIN SECTORS OBJ AND SECTORS SECTOR_ID 0002APR Result STATION_ID LONG
14. one relationship a record in Table A can have no more than one matching record in Table B and vice verse This kind of relationship is unusual but an example might be of a database containing employee salary details with one table containing personal details such as name and address etc and the other table containing the person s name manager and current salary in this instance there would be a one to one relationship between the two tables Query Queries enable the user to retrieve data from their database that matches certain conditions or criteria the data that is retrieved depends on the structure of the query Queries are an efficient way of viewing related data from several different tables at once Read only In Polydat some of the results of queries are all set to be read only meaning the data cannot be altered but only viewed on screen Record Selector Within a data entry form the left hand side of the form often has a small box containing different symbols denoting the status of a record in the database i e Record that is currently being viewed which has already been saved New Record Record edited but not yet saved changes can be undone by pressing Esc lei diem Record being edited by another user 44 of 45 Relationship An association between common fields columns in two tables For example the Sector and Sample tables are related on Sector ID Report Output of data from a query or table in Mic
15. the GIS unit to interpret the data and produces relevant documentation in conformity with the goal of the ISA This marine geologist will ensure the independence of the interpretation of the data and will preserve the confidentiality 4 7 GIS Unit active at the Legal and Technical commission The GIS unit should be an active part at the legal and technical commission to ensure that the recommendations are understood and applied Also the GIS Unit should be able to inform the legal and technical commission about the resources available in the ISA 4 8 Acquisition of classification criteria for queries It is recommended that ISA collect a set of criteria for nodule classification to implement in Polydat Unfortunately this information was hardly available from the geologist consultant and basic classification criteria were applied The recruited Marine Geologist should be able to supply such classification criteria 4 9 Collect and enter supplemental data It is recommended that the ISA seeks copies of the data of the non reserved area as well as for other areas part or not of the Area This data should be entered as soon as possible in PolyDat so ISA would own a complete dataset 4 10 Cooperation with National Agencies The ISA should seek cooperation with National agencies such as the NOAA and the USGS to exchange data and avoid duplication of resources in nodules GIS It is noted that it is not clearly known which data sets the former east bl
16. 00800 125 00000 15625 00000 5 168 38510 17 54862 0 01200 270 00000 22500 00000 6 168 38515 17 54925 0 02200 500 00000 22727 27273 7 168 38402 17 55122 0 02000 430 00000 21500 00000 8 168 38410 17 55216 0 00800 400 00000 50000 00000 9 168 38408 17 55259 0 01500 30 00000 2000 00000 10 168 38724 17 55518 0 01200 115 00000 9583 33333 11 168 38578 17 56004 0 01200 900 00000 75000 00000 12 168 38651 17 56259 0 01700 310 00000 18235 29412 13 168 35639 17 54442 0 01300 270 00000 20769 23077 14 168 35862 17 54464 0 00700 180 00000 25714 28571 15 168 36131 17 54802 0 02800 325 00000 11607 14286 3 2 3 1 9 Column Aliases When MapInfo creates a derived column the expression used in the calculation is used as the title for the column Since this can often look untidy and unintelligible an alias can be used For example the alias would be created thus within the above SQL statement SELECT STATION ID LONGITUDE LATITUDE Mn ppm Ni ppm Mn ppm Ni ppm Ratio of Manganese to Nickel FROM STATIONS WHERE Mn ppm gt 0 AND Ni ppm 0 The required calculation would be done and the result stored in a new column with title Ratio of Manganese to Nickel 34 of 45 3 2 3 1 10 Keywords These keywords can be used in SQL Select expressions and their uses are summarized below Keyword Meaning Any To select any item in a set of items In To select records relating to a list of possible values Between To select records containing values within a certa
17. 2 Mercator Pacific Centered Robinson Pacific Centered Eckert Vl Equal Area Pacific Centered Mollweide Equal amp rea Pacific Centered 3 2 4 1 8 Map View On selecting this option the user is presented with a window containing a list of ocean area The mapper automatically zooms in when one has been selected 38 of 45 Zoom to an Ocean X Northeast Pacific 3 2 4 1 9 Grid This enables a grid to be included in the mapper view The user selects options from the Grid window including the line style and font size for the numbering of the gridlines TT E E deq Grid Line Style Coordinates Style Aa fe Hew Grd C Appendite Grid Label Place V Left v Top Right Bottom Cancel 3 2 4 1 10 About and Exit The About command presents the user with an information window and Exit quits the user from the application 3 2 4 2 PolyDat Button bar Many of the options from the Minerals menu are available from a custom toolbar The last button is available only in the toolbar it allows the user to retrieve turning points co ordinates of the sector selected by the user Display Coordinates PolyD at ix Map Projection Querying Facilities 39 of 45 40 of 45 4 Recommendations 4 1 Data Format The data format to be supplied to the authority should be based on the description of the tables Sectors and Stations The data should be saved in this order
18. DC Station ID DC Cruise ID B Sector ID Latitude MAPIMFO ID Longitude Section Type Contract ID Water Depth Status Abundance Surveyor Sample Type z Nud Ocean Area Sampling Device Surface Section Type Application Date Nucleus A List Morphology Approval Date Morphology Morphology Relinquishment Date Texture List Ocean Area Pioneer Lithology peg 1 Reserved Area Mn Place of registration Ocean Area Confidential Mn ppm Place of business Methodology Mn Analysis Sponsoring States Comments Fe 95 List Litholog Representative Fe ppm amp hology Representative Address Fe Analysis Representative City Co 95 Representative Zip Code Co ppm Representative Country Co Analysis Representative Postal Address Ni 95 Representative Postal City Ni ppm Representative Postal Zip Code Ni Analysis A a Representative Postal Country Cu 95 Representative Tel Representative Fax Representative Telex Representative E mail Comments 1 1 Cu ppm 1 Cu Analysis Anal zn zn ppm Zn Analysis Pb Pb ppm 2 2 Tables The Polydat GIS is composed of 4 core tables e Sectors e Sector Event e Stations e Surveyor The subsequent tables prefixed by list are lookup tables to enforce data integrity in the core tables These list tables dictate operator input Referential Integrity is enforced between the 4 core tables to ensure cascading changes when Identifiers and list values are modified 2 2 1 Sectors FieldName Ty
19. Description AvgQ Finds the mean value of data in a specified field Count Counts the number of rows fulfilling certain criteria Min Finds the minimum value in a group of records for a specified field Max Finds the maximum value in a group of records for a specified field Sum Finds the sum of values within a group of records for a specified field WtAvgO Finds the weighted average in a group of records for a specified field For all functions other than Count the field name is inserted between the brackets as they are applicable to individual fields Count applies to all records and so is the only possible argument that can be held between the brackets 3 2 3 1 3 Joining two tables This is required when records in one table contain related records in another table For example a user may wish to retrieve details of samples relating to a specific licence area Example SELECT SECTORS SECTOR ID STATIONS STATION ID STATIONS LONGITUDE STATIONS LATITUDE STATIONS SAMPLE TYPE STATIONS MN PPM STATIONS FE PPM FROM STATIONS SECTORS WHERE STATIONS SECTOR ID SECTOR SCTOR ID AND SECTORS SECTOR ID 0001 APR Note how each column is prefixed with the name of the table it belongs to Also note the joining of equivalent fields on SECTOR ID This is known as an equi join since records will only be returned if they exist in both tables for the same SECTOR ID 3 2 3 1 4 Geographic Operators These allow the user to select
20. EHHHHBHHHHHRGHER zt m E zzz 9 zi 3 n 72 o B lt ge c 6 Rounded SpE xp Frame Text Symbol Style B sal Text Style 2 m o o O lt lt 109 E m mis e e Region Style 3 2 2 4 1 Adding Frames The frame tool enables the addition of a further mapper or other window available within the MapInfo Workspace 23 of 45 3 2 2 4 2 Adding Text on the Layout Text or graphics may be added to the layout 3 2 2 4 3 Selecting the Scale Double clicking on the frame containing the mapper presents a window containing the parameters of the frame where a valid scale can be specified Change View 3 2 2 5 Changing the view of a map Menu Bar gt Map gt Options Map Options square kilometers v 3 2 2 5 1 Changing Map Units Here the default unit system of the mapper can be changed 3 2 2 5 2 Changing the Projection A different projection for the mapper can be selected although since some projections are only local care should be taken when selecting alternative projections for wider maps 24 of 45 3 2 2 5 3 Changing the information in the status bar The status bar displays either the Zoom width of the window the location of the mouse in mapper coordinates or the map scale 3 2 2 5 4 Mapper behaviour when Zooming MapInfo either attempts to preserve the scale of the map in a mapper or displays the map at
21. ITUDE LATITUDE STATION SECTOR_ID SECTORS SECTOR_ID 3 166 58250 14 80180 0001APR 0002APR 4 166 55372 14 79613 0002APR 0002APR 5 166 55282 14 80372 0002APR 0002APR 6 166 55167 14 80632 0002APR 0002APR 7 166 63864 14 81109 0002APR 0002APR 8 166 63849 14 81269 0002APR 0002APR 9 166 55328 14 80604 0002APR 0002APR Note that although a specific SECTOR id was quoted in the syntax of this query any station that have been collected within the bounds of that Sector area are returned in the result which is particularly useful as it gives the user a detailed perspective of all data connected with a particular geographical region 3 2 3 1 5 _ Logical Operators These enable the user to make a query more specific and allow logical expressions to be added to the structure of the query Operator Description Equal to lt gt Greater or less than gt Greater than lt Less than gt Greater than or equal to lt Less than or equal to Plus Minus All Divided by And e g WHERE TEXTURE Smooth AND Mn_ gt 0 Or e g WHERE OCEAN_AREA Indian Ocean OR Northeast Pacific Not e g WHERE Mn_ NOT lt 3 Like e g WHERE SURVEYOR LIKE IOM Note the symbols either side of the word IOM tell MapInfo to search through the records and identify strings containing this word in the Surveyor field 3 2 3 1 6 String Operators Strings must be enclosed in double quotes Also when structuring an SQL Select query to in
22. Polydat Poly Metallic Nodules GIS Franck Martin SOPAC Miscellaneous Report 256 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 4 2 2 5 3 2 3 2 1 3 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 4 4 1 4 2 4 3 Tables of Contents INOUN o rea eR BH RAMS 4 Reference Manual eese 5 Relationships cerent teet tee der ree dives eevee 5 Tables a tie doa dieu 5 OCCIT S iid eg te Hia e ed E edt 5 Sector Event iced ePi heit ee a aia 7 SIE a Sie 7 SULV6yOl sistit res od se SA LM EE 8 Lookup Tables ied tee ams 9 User Manuale k tpi de pb iem 15 Entering PolyDat Database sese 15 Main Menu iieri EL Le ee aen ert dienes 15 Data Entry aiitem etunte nation s ees 16 Notes on FOrms iret a i tere i dares 18 Queries cesa HU nm 19 nz ata sitio Ata ait 20 UNNES el thie ee ele en ee le ied 20 Entering PolyDat GIS sse 21 The Map System 21 Maplinio Imteffgeg uuu l L Q n 1 Sa 21 Data Manipulation k ccr ite treten 30 Polydat Menu and Toolbar 37 Recommendations eese SS nnne 41 Data Format sce espace oce de epe a 41 Printer Memory uu uqa u SSS aaah saa ESAR 41 Acquire Sutfer aeos dac cd ed RE da 41 2 of 45 44 4 5 4 6 4 7 4 8 4 9 4 10 4 11 Methodology Application 41 Creation of a GIS Unit
23. TUDE ABUNDANCE FROM QUERY 1 WHERE ABUNDANCE gt 0 followed by OK 3 The resulting browser would then be exported in ASCII format from the Table menu select Export naming the table as Abundance for example When using ASCII a tab delimiter is used to separate the columns so make sure that this is selected in the resulting dialogue window and check the box that reads Use first line for column titles 4 Now leave MapInfo by either closing open objects or by minimizing the window Start Surfer by navigating to Golden Software Surfer32 from the Start button located at the bottom left hand corner of the screen in the Windows 95 interface Prior to a contour surface or other plot being produced the data has to be gridded This is in order that a regularly spaced pattern of Z values can be produced from data that may not have been sampled on a regular grid spacing and therefore the gridding procedure generates a Z value at each X Y location on the grid by interpolation or extrapolation i e gridding fills in the gaps where no Z value data exists 5 To produce a grid select menus options Grid Data and navigate to the directory where the ASCII file is stored select it and press the OK button A window will now be visible at the top there are three boxes for the user to indicate which columns from their ACSII file will be used as X Y and Z There is also a Grid Line Geometry section which determines the grid spacing This is usually pre
24. assigns a default name of Selection and windows based on this table will be labeled as Query1 Query2 etc However although a name may have been given to the table it is still temporary and must be saved in order to preserve it Sectors Sector ID Stations Station ID Stations Latitude Stations Longitude Stations Water Depth Stations Abundance Stations Mn 496 Sectors Stations Sectors Sector ID Stations Sector ID AND 30 of 45 Selection of columns from two different tables Note that since more than one table is being used that Mapinfo automatically prefixes each column with the name of the table it is from Note also that each selected column is automatically separated from the next by a comma The selected tables for use in this query Selects information from each table on the basis of the records being connected by the Stations Mn_ gt 0 same Sector number Sector_id and only returns those records with a value for Manganese that is greater than zero Group by Columns Sectors Sector_ID Group the records together by Sector number Order by Columns Stations Mn_ desc Return those records with the highest Manganese value first Note that the usual default is ascending order into Table Named Mn results Copy records into a table with this name SQL Select Ea Sectors Sector_ID Stations Station_IB t t Tables Stations Latitude Stations Longitude Stations Water_ Depth
25. ay sometimes be based on more than one table i e a query Form View This is the view of the form that the user sees when opening a form and entering data Forms have two other kinds of view design view which is the layout of the form s design without the display of underlying data and datasheet view which is a view of the data the form is based on in row and column format similar to a spreadsheet List Box This is a simple list of values that the user can select from instead of having to type them in The main advantage is that data will always be input correctly and consistently if a list is used Navigation Buttons In form view at the base of the screen there is a horizontal scroll bar containing buttons that are used to aid navigation through data Go to next record Go to specific record user types which one in box shown o to previous record o to first record One to many Relationship A one to many relationship is the most common type of relationship in a relational database In a one to many relationship a record in Table A can have more than one matching record in Table B but a record in Table B can only have one matching record in Table A A typical example of this kind of relationship is that between Sector and Station in Polydat a Sector may have one or more Station associated with it but in order for a Station to be stored in the database it must be linked to a Sector One to one Relationship In a one to
26. clude certain fields attention must be given to the data type of those fields for example the data type of SECTOR id is 33 of 45 Text meaning that this field can contain both alphabetical or numerical characters Therefore when searching for a specific SECTOR_id in a query the value must be enclosed in double quotes Example SELECT FROM SECTORS WHERE SECTOR ID 0001 APR 3 2 3 1 7 Wildcards 9o and As seen earlier above the symbol was used to narrow down criteria within a search string i e 72IOM 96 means that Mapinfo will scan through all records containing this word in the specified field Another wildcard that is often used in SQL Select is the shift 8 symbol e g SELECT FROM SECTORS means select all records from table SECTORS 3 2 3 1 6 Derived columns A derived column is a column that contains the results of calculations performed on another column or columns An example of such a derived value might be the calculation of the ratio between two elements in sample in order to identify possible trends in the underlying pattern of mineralisation Example SELECT STATION ID LONGITUDE LATITUDE Mn ppm Ni ppm Mn ppm Ni ppm FROM STATIONS WHERE Mn ppm gt 0 AND Ni ppm 0 Output SPA OND LONGITUDE LATITUDE Mn ppm Ni ppm Mn ppm Ni ppm 1 168 38467 17 54024 0 38000 260 00000 684 21053 168 38565 17 54280 0 00500 425 00000 85000 00000 3 168 38580 17 54368 0 03500 195 00000 5571 42857 4 168 38538 17 54591 0
27. elect the Station to be located and then immediately shift to the map view where the Station location should be pinpointed Care should be taken to ensure that Stations that have already been referenced are not re referenced by mistake 3 2 4 1 5 Geocode Stations When all Stations have been referenced the operator must then select this command which fills in the Longitude Latitude fields in the Stations Table by picking up the values in MapInfo and transferring them into the Stations table in the database 3 2 4 1 6 Querying Facilities This provides the user with a menu screen on which many options can be set in order to execute a number of custom queries The user selects a variety of combinations of these values from picking lists and then presses the appropriate query button to obtain the required information 37 of 45 Er fr Indian ocean Z After selecting the required criteria and the relevant button the menu commands Query Find Selection enables the result to be viewed Also three of the queries involve the creation of thematic maps and a symbol has to be selected in addition to the other criteria prior to the running of the query If a symbol is not selected the default is used as seen above 3 2 4 1 7 Map Projection On clicking this option a window opens containing useful map projections of the world which the user can select and view on the fly World Map Projections Lat Long Ww 4 Lat Long WGS 7
28. er amount as would exceed the exploitation area decided upon by the authority after eight years from the date of the contract In the case of registered pioneers they fall in the same schedule starting at the time of their registration However the status of the area should be flagged as a pioneer area The different categories which the areas will be classified are as follow a Prospecting b Exploration Area applied c Exploration Area after first Relinquishment d Exploration Area after second Relinquishment e Exploration Area after third Relinquishment f Exploitation Area Therefore the GIS for mapping purposes will hold several areas with the same contract number Each area will be defined by the list of co ordinates submitted to the Authority before application and after each relinquishment The application date approval date and date of relinquishment drive the monitoring of the contract Areas active will be extracted by querying areas which approval date is earlier than the current date and which relinquish date hasn t yet expired This system will allow fast confirmation by the Authority of free areas which could be reserved The Sector ID and Contract ID are left to the Authority to decide which classification they will use for recording the different areas The table is mappable in MapInfo The default co ordinates system is geodesic co ordinates referenced by the World Geodetic System of 1984 WGS84 The MapInfo
29. focus moves from one field or control to the next Microsoft Access displays a different message whenever the rule is violated Wizards A Microsoft Access tool that asks the user questions and creates an object according to his or her responses for example tables queries reports forms and controls on forms such as buttons and combo boxes can all be created quickly using Wizards 45 of 45
30. hod Fe 96 Double 8 Iron percentage Fe ppm Double 8 Iron parts per million Fe Analysis Text 2 Iron analysis method Co Double 8 Cobalt percentage Co ppm Double 8 Cobalt parts per million Co Analysis Text 2 Cobalt analysis method Ni 96 Double 8 Nickel percentage Ni ppm Double 8 Nickel parts per million Ni Analysis Text 2 Nickel analysis method Cu Double 8 Copper percentage Cu ppm Double 8 Copper parts per million Cu Analysis Text 2 Copper analysis method Zn 96 Double 8 Zinc percentage Zn ppm Double 8 Zinc parts per million Zn Analysis Text 2 Zinc analysis method Pb 96 Double 8 Lead percentage 7 of 45 Pb ppm Double 8 lead parts per million Pb Analysis Text 2 lead analysis method Al Double 8 Aluminium percentage Al ppm Double 8 Aluminium parts per million Al Analysis Text 2 Aluminium analysis method Si 96 Double 8 Silicon percentage Si ppm Double 8 Silicon parts per million Si Analysis Text 2 Silicon analysis method Ca 96 Double 8 Calcium percentage Ca ppm Double 8 Calcium parts per million Ca Analysis Text 2 Calcium analysis method Water Loss Double 8 Water loss in percentage Confidential Yes No 1 Data is confidential Comments Memo 0 General comments This table records information about each sample or group of samples taken during the prospecting exploration or exploitation phase of the reserved areas The table is mappable in MapInfo The default co ordinates system is geodesic co ordinates referenced by the
31. in specified range Any SELECT FROM SECTORS WHERE OCEAN_AREA ANY INDIAN OCEAN NORTHEAST PACIFIC SOUTH PACIFIC In SELECT SECTOR_ID SURVEYOR OCEAN_AREA FROM SECTORS WHERE OCEAN_AREA IN INDIAN OCEAN NORTHEAST PACIFIC Between SELECT FROM STATIONS WHERE Mn_ppm BETWEEN 100 AND 200 3 2 3 2 Using Surfer contouring software to visualize geochemical data This software enables the user to convert sample point data into interpolated areas in order that any chemical trends become more apparent This is particularly useful in the identification of regions of high concentration of a particular chemical element 1 In MapInfo make sure that the Stations layer is visible For a particular cluster of stations that are of interest click the Marquee select button and then click and drag to select stations points Then click the Browser button to view the selected stations This viewer will be labeled at the top left hand corner with the name of the query e g Queryl 2 In order to use Surfer data needs to be in an X Y Z format where X and Y are locational parameters in this case Longitude and Latitude and Z is the value to be modeled which in this case will be the abundance Therefore in order to put the data into the required format SQL Select is used to extract only those columns that are needed From the MapInfo Query menu choose option SQL Select An example of typical syntax might be SELECT LONGITUDE LATI
32. is composed of 4 parts The first one allows the user to access the data entry and consultations forms The second part allows the user to formulate advanced queries The third part allows the user to print reports The last part allows the user to switch to MapInfo as well as to manage the access to all components of the database Poly Metallic Nodules Menu 15 of 45 3 1 2 Data Entry 3 1 2 1 Sectors Form amp Sectors Sectors Sector ID UT Contract ID 02 Status Explor Y Surveyor COMRA X Ocean Area Northeast Pacific Surface 43410 788384 sq km Application Date 05 Mar 91 Approval Date 05 Mar 91 Relinquishment Date 05 Mar 94 Pioneer Iv Reserved Area M Confidential M Methodology Longitude Latitude gt 203 625 10625 E 203 625 10 875 L semp e E men 1035 L mmmp 83m ais S G5 S 285 5 Comments xl ANA or n orn Record 14 4 1 gt gt r of 46 ZA The sectors form records each sector and its derived relinquished sectors Each sector is valid until its relinquishment date unless it is a reserved area When a sector is relinquished the operator should create a new sector with the same number in the Sector ID but different letters classification It will therefore be possible to follow each sector and its future relinquishment through the first 4 character of the Sector ID The operator mustn t enter the relinquished area but
33. l application Renl first renewal or Ren2 second renewal 3 1 4 Queries 3 1 4 1 Filter By Form Queries Applies to Fields whose underlying data type is different from the data you tried to enter For example if you tried to enter text into a field whose data type is defined as a Number This applies to Combo Boxes when you try to enter a value that is not in the list which is not acceptable for the list This applies to Combo Boxes when you enter a value that does not occur in the list but which is accepted if you want to add it The name entered as the source of the value in the field is invalid For example you may have entered an invalid name or expression for the ControlSource property The name may be misspelled you may have omitted the equal sign before the expression or the source itself may have been deleted Other causes include the following The field name may not match the name of a field in an underlying table or query A control may have the same name as one of the fields in the underlying table or query An expression designed to calculate a sum for a control might include a Sum function which can be used to calculate sums for fields only not controls Microsoft Access can t evaluate an expression used If you are working on the database at the same time as somebody else this is the message that is displayed for a record that no longer exists because it has been deleted These depend on the
34. mpler Sounding Grab Spade Core Submersible Undifferentiated Survey gt 1 frame different stations Television or motion picture Trawl Trip Core with Piston Core Triple Core pre 1971 Undifferentiated Deep Sea Drilling Project Undifferentiated Grab Sampler Unknown Unspecified Dredge or Drag Haul Unspecified Photograph camera station Van Veen Grab Vibrating Core Von Herzen Core 2 2 5 7 List Section Type bulk composition represents total material at surface location composite 2 5 nodules or micronodules analyzed together composite 6 12 nodules or micronodules analyzed together composite of gt 12 nodules or micronodules anlyzed together core or nucleus of nodule cross section nodule fragments or pieces half nodule inner part without outer layer layer adjacent to core of nodule middle layer of nodule nodule without core one eighth of a nodule outer layer or outer crust point analysis eg Micropobe quarter nodule sediment substrate side of nodule or crust split of bulk sample topside of nodule or crust underside of nodule or crust unknown whole nodule or crust 13 of 45 2 2 5 8 List Texture Botryoidal Cavernous Microbotryoidal Rough granular microbotryoidal Smooth 14 of 45 3 User Manual 3 4 Entering PolyDat Database Polydat database is directly accessible from the hard drive It is called polydat mdb Ms Access 97 must be installed on the computer 3 1 1 Main Menu The PolyDat Menu
35. n diffractometry x ray diffraction powder camera x ray diffraction single crystal electron diffraction Thermography Alpha spectrometry gamma ray spectrometry UV spectrophotometry calcimetry Primarily ICP except water Platinum metals amp oxides wet chemical specific ion electrode atomic absorption spectroscopy AA atomic absorption graphite furnace colorimetric coulometric 9 of 45 CHN analyzer Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen ion chromatography neutron activation INAA RNAA mass spectrograph fluorimetry semi quantative spectrograph x ray fluorescence other see documentation unknown EDXA quantitative emission spectrograph Direct quantitative emission spectrography Induced quantative emission spectrography calculation fire assay neutron activation flame photometry assay microprobe analysis x ray emission used by SIO gravimetric polargraphy 2 2 5 2 List Lithology Biogenous Sediment Calcareous clay Calcareous ooze Calcareous terrigenous material Calcareous siliceous 00ze Coral Hardened sediment Manganese pavement Metalliferous Sediment Pelagic clay Phosphorite Rock Siliceous clay Siliceous mud Siliceous ooze Terrigenous material sand silt mud gravel Volcanic ash Weathered basalt Zeolitic mud Zeolitic Sediment 10 of 45 2 2 5 3 List Morphology Biological Discoidal Ellipsoidal Faceted Irregular Poly coaspheridal Pyramidal Scoriaceous Spheroidal Tabular 2
36. ns together Pie Charts to display percentages Graduated to display the value of one column as a symbol of which the size is proportional to the value of the column Dot Density one dot is a defined quantity in one column Individual one object by colour Step 2 of the thematic map allows you to specify the columns of which table to display Step 3 allows you to modify the parameters of the thematic map as well as its legend Modify Thematic Map x Preview m Customize pm Ni Cu Co content and ab Bbundance 10 And Ni Cu Co 2 5 hbundance 10 And NitCu Co 2 2 5 Abundance 5 10 And Ni Cu Co 2 5 Abundance 5 10 And Ni Cu Co 2 2 5 colour or pattern Edit legend text Legend Label Order b Ascending Descending Help OK Cancel At any time you can modify a thematic map 28 of 45 Menu Bar Map Modify Thematic Map 3 2 2 8 Create and print maps 3 2 2 8 1 The Open New Layout Menu Menu Bar gt Window gt Open New Layout Prior to printing the layout objects in the MapInfo window should be displayed exactly as they are required in the printed copy Therefore the user should zoom in or out as necessary in order that the relevant portion of the map is on display prior to selecting this menu option New Layout Window x Create a new Layout window containing C Frames for All Currently Open Windows C No Frames Cancel Help 3 2 2 8 2
37. ock owns and it could be an advantage for ISA if these nodules and marine related data sets could be included in PolyDat 41 of 45 4 11 Map Production ISA should start to produce a map set to promote the potential of nodules exploitation to all its member countries This map set should be of professional quality with the help of a cartographer and through printing services 42 of 45 5 Glossary of Terms Attribute Term used in database design to describe different pieces of information about an entity for example a Sector is an Entity something that information is stored about and an example of one of its attributes would be the Sector ID Bound Control An object on a form or report whose contents is based on a field in an underlying table or query Command Buttons A button on a form that carries out a certain function for example all forms in Polydat have a Close button Some forms have other buttons on them that open other forms Caption The name that is displayed at the top of a form or report window or the label of a field on a form Check Box A control on a form that stores a Yes No value For example the Report Form has check boxes on it in order that the data inputted can record whether or not a report contains maps or field notes etc When checked a cross appears in the box which is stored as a Yes Combo Box This is a scrolling list of values that the user can pick from when inputting data and i
38. of preference MapInfo Interchange Format Excel or ASCII delimited Station co ordinates and turning points should be added to the file if the format doesn t recognise geographical objects 4 2 Printer Memory The DesignJet 650C should receive as soon as possible more memory as it was clearly identified in the beginning of the mission that the printer was lacking resources for PolyDat output and map production 4 3 Acquire Surfer For the moment ISA uses an evaluation copy of Surfer from Golden Software It is suggested that ISA acquires as soon as possible a licensed version of Surfer 4 4 Methodology Application It is recommended that ISA apply as soon as possible a methodology for data and information reception to all participants in Polydat as to ensure the accuracy of the data entered This methodology should be submitted to the Legal and Technical commission for approval 4 5 Creation of a GIS Unit A Computer System Manager should be recruited as soon as possible to allow the current persons to concentrate on GIS work and data entry It is important that the unit is left with autonomous responsibilities on the accuracy of the data and that the maintenance of the computer system should be under the responsibility of the Computer System Manager with its own budget and purchase orders It has been detected that the computer system may fail due to administrative interference 4 6 Marine Geologist A marine geologist should be attached to
39. ook over the premises and facilities in Kingston Jamaica previously used by the United Nations Kingston Office for the Law of the Sea since 1983 In view to administer the resources of the area a group of pioneer investors under co ordination by the United Nation Convention on the Law of the Sea department UNCLOS has already surveyed 2 areas located near the Clipperton fault in the Pacific and in the Indian Ocean During the same period numerous scientific cruises have collected mineral data all over the world The Authority has collected this data and applications under various forms mainly paper format The current Geographic Information System GIS developed here has for purpose to finally organise the data collected during these years as to manage the future mining by August 1997 This GIS should create a synergy between potential investors and the Authority offering a common interface for nodule and mineral data requests on the areas managed by the Authority This GIS should finally promote the scientific and technical role of the authority to member countries investors and the public in general 4 of 45 2 Reference Manual 2 4 Relationships The table structures as well as the relations between tables are organised as below Relationships OF x Sector Event 3 List Sample Type Event ID Station ID E Sample Type Sector ID MAPIMFO ID Event Date Sector ID List Sampling D Event Data Compiler Samping Device
40. pe Sze Description 5 of 45 Sector ID Text 50 Sector Identifier MAPINFO ID Long 4 Mapinfo Internal Identifier link to geographic object Contract ID Text 50 Contract Identifier eg Contract Number or Prospection Status Text 12 Status for the Area Prospection Exploration Extension Surveyor Text 50 Organisation identifier Ocean Area Text 50 Name of Ocean area where is the Area Surface Double 8 Surface of the Area in sqkm Application Date Date Time 8 Date of the Application Approval Date Date Time 8 Date of Authorisation Relinquishment Date Date Time 8 Date of Relinquishment of the data Pioneer Yes No 1 Pioneer Area Reserved Area Yes No 1 Area is Reserved for the Entreprise Confidential Yes No 1 Data is confidential Methodology Memo 0 Methodology of extraction and exploration Comments Memo 0 General Comments This table describes the different reserved areas The sectors fall in several categories depending on the status of the application The mining code specifies Mining code ISBA 3 LTC WP 1 Rev 1 Regulation 21 The Contractor shall relinquish portions of the area allocated to revert to the area in accordance with the following schedule a 20 per cent of the area allocated by the end of the third year from the date of the contract b an additional 10 per cent of the area allocated by the end of the fifth year from the date of the contract and c an additional 20 per cent of the area allocated or such larg
41. port This report lists all sectors with their turning points as in the sector form 3 1 5 3 Sectors by Surveyors report This report classes the sectors by surveyor name and in 2 categories depending of the sector status if it is reserved for the Authority or not 3 1 5 4 Sectors with Area Report This report is particularly useful for verifying the turning points of each Sector 3 1 5 5 Stations report This report prints information of each station in the same format as the form 3 1 5 6 Surveyors report This report prints information for each surveyor in conformance with the mining code 3 1 5 7 Seciors statistics report This report prints statistics on each sector average abundance potential mining 3 1 6 Utilities There are five buttons providing different facilities which are summarized briefly below e MapInfo starts a MapInfo session e Change Password allows the user to change their password Profile allows the user to set the correct drive path for loading data into MapInfo and in Access 20 of 45 User Management assign a new user or change permissions Database Manager only Full Access access to the actual workings of the database Database Manager only Setup Items Create a shortcut in the start menu on Windows 95 for easy access to the database 3 2 Entering PolyDat GIS 3 2 1 The Map System To ensure the maximum coverage of the oceans all data is stored in the longitude range 0 360 degree
42. query which are 4 Group by to create subtotals etc 5 Order by to place the columns that are output into a particular order 3 2 3 1 1 Structuring a query Select Columns from Tables Where condition Group by Columns Order by Columns into Table Named Example Select Columns from Tables Where condition List the columns that are required in the output query However until the tables have been selected an asterisk appears in the list which will select all columns In order to select specific columns choose a table from the next box and then come back to the Select Columns box which will then display a list of all available columns Select from a list of tables from the drop down list This specifies which records from the table s are to be included in the output A Where condition is necessary if selection involves more than one table This is in order that the tables are joined properly The Where condition is comparable to two sides of an equation with the values in one field of table A are equal to the values of a field in table B This groups rows in the query table so that all rows with the same values for specified columns are grouped together Specify the order that MapInfo lists or sorts the records in the query table By default MapInfo orders records in ascending order This can of course be set to descending order if the user requires this This gives the query table a name otherwise MapInfo
43. rosoft Access in document form Scroll Bars A typical Windows style control which aids the user to view different parts of the screen or navigate their way through a combo box Scroll bars can either be vertical appearing at the right hand side of the screen or horizontal appearing at the base of the screen Security A set of features used to specify or restrict the access that specified users or user groups have to data and objects in a database Source Each form report query and every individual field on each of these objects has this property referring to which underlying table or part of a table its data is derived from Switchboard The initial screen that the user is presented with after logging onto Polydat Database It is from this screen that they navigate their way around the system Tab Order The order in which the cursor moves from one field to the next on a form on pressing the Tab or Enter key Table The fundamental structure of a relational database management system In Microsoft Access a table is an object that stores data in records rows and fields columns The data is usually based on one particular category or entity Text Box A control that provides a place to enter or view text in a form or report Validation Rule A rule that sets limits or conditions on what can be entered in one or more fields Validation rules can be set for a field record or control on a form The rule is checked when the
44. s All co ordinates are in the World Geodetic System of 1984 WGS1984 MapInfo allows changing projections and spheroid but the operator must respect the coherence of the raw data to this datum 3 2 2 Maplnfo Interface Maplnfo Professional Menu File Edit Objects Query Table Options Browse Window Help PolyDat Bar Das e ss e Blea amp WRDWYS Stations Sectors Map Browser Status Bar Col dsgearr D00MPR 01 gc 3 2 2 1 Opening a Table Menu Bar gt File gt Open Table Several tables may be open at any one time MapInfo regards all information as Tables whether the file is a Maplnfo table an ASCII file an Excel or Lotus 1 2 3 worksheet a dBASE table or a raster image If the data is tabular the information will be presented in a browser whereas if the selected file is a raster image then it will either be added to the current mapper or will appear in a new one 3 2 2 2 Opening a Workspace Menu Bar File Open workspace 21 of 45 Drawing Toolbar Tools toolbar PolyDat Toolbar B8 Toolbar A workspace enables a user to save their activity to a file which when opened resumes tasks as they were left at the end of the previous session Any objects left open at the end of the previous session will reappear in the same position in the MapInfo window Marquee Select Statistics 3 2 2 3 The Main toolbar Radius Select Layer Control Show hide Legend 3 2 2 3
45. the area still reserved to the surveyor after it has been relinquished The Sector ID codification is as follow DDDDAAB DDDD Sequential number unique for each Sector AA AP Application RI sector after first relinquishment R2 Sector after second relinquishment R3Sector after third relinquishment EX Exploration MN Mining B R Reserved to the Authority P Pioneer investor sector N Normal For Example 0023APN Original sector 0023R1N Same sector minus first relinquishment area 0023R2N Sector minus second relinquishment area 0023MNN Sector with a mining licence 16 of 45 3 1 2 2 Stations Form amp Stations PII Seco REGRET Fawr d Bo 204 2443206 10 99550001 5115 AA e edes Each Sector contains a number of Stations collecting information about the seabed nodules For element analysed a value of 1 means that the element was not analysed while a value of 0 means no traces of this particular element were found 17 of 45 3 1 2 3 Surveyors Form amp Surveyors Surveyors gt Surveyor COMRA Postal Address Address Zip Code City Zip Code Country M Fax Nationality M Place of registration Place of business Sponsoring States pe Representative Postal Address Comments Record i 1 J 1 gt gt t gt of 7 This forms record information on each surveyor as requested in the draft mining code 3
46. ts advantages are similar to a List Box except with many Combo Boxes the user can input a new value if the required one is not already in the list Criteria A set of limiting conditions used in a query to restrict the output to a specific group of records For example many of the queries in Polydat require the user to select a value from a list prior to running their selected query Data Type This determines what kind of values are allowed in a field For example text cannot be stored in a field with the Number data type Common data types include Text Number Date Time and Yes No but there are many more Datasheet Data from a table form or query displayed in a row and column format similar to a spreadsheet Design View A window displaying the design of a table form query or report In this view existing objects can be modified and new ones can be created Entity Term used in database design to describe something about which information is known For example A Prospecting Licence is an Entity and its attributes include the Prospecting Licence Number Date of issue Fee paid etc Focus This refers to the most current cursor position on a form Whichever field on a form has the cursor in it is said to have the focus Form 43 of 45 A form is a screen where a user can input and edit information The form is based on a table meaning that when data is typed into the form it is stored in the underlying table Forms m
47. underlying validation rule in this case the data that can be entered into this field is restricted to one of three values Each from contains a filter by form button This button allows simple queries by filling values in a blank form For instance to select all records in the Indian Ocean click on the filter by form button select Indian Ocean in the Ocean Area combo box and apply the filter 3 1 4 2 Stations Queries This forms allows high level queries such as compute a market value of the nodules and sort nodules by cut off values as well as display the grade of each nodule 19 of 45 amp Stations Queries Iof x Stations Queries Sector ID f r Abundance gt 0 00 Water Depth 15000 00 Elements Percentages Where 1 00 Mn 1 00 xFe 1 00 Co 1 00 x Ni 1 00 x Cu gt 0 00 s And Mn gt 1 00 Fe gt 1 00 Co gt 4 1 00 N 1 00 Cu gt 1 00 1 00 Elements ppm Where 1 00 Mn 1 00 Fe 1 00 x Co 1 00 xNi 1 00 amp Cu gt 0 00 s And Mn gt 1 00 Fe gt 1 00 Co 1 00 Ni 1 00 Cu e 1 00 1 00 Grade Abundance Ni Cu Co Elements Percentages Elements ppm gt 10 gt 2 5 3 1 5 Reports 3 1 5 1 Forms report Each form contains a report button The report created contains all the records currently visible in the form It is a great tool to select records with the filter by form button and then produce a corresponding report 3 1 5 2 Sectors re
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