PART II. MI-REC SOFTWARE
Contents
1. If not go back to the spending page and price adjust the data You may also create your own spending data files for any year and then retrieve these in TRIP XLS Be sure to enter the year of the data in cell L1 of any spending data files you create Use the BLANK spending templates to be sure your files are in the proper format Your own files can also be price adjusted to different years using the button on the SPENDing page If you wish to estimate impacts for a year beyond those for which IMPLAN data sets are available we recommend using the IMPLAN model year for your spending data and assuming that spending and model structure have not changed substantially between the two years For example if you are estimating impacts for spending that occurred in 1995 using a 1993 model you should theoretically price adjust the spending data to 1993 All results are then in 1993 dollars As many users of the results will find the reporting of 1995 impacts in 1993 dollars somewhat confusing it may be preferable to simply ignore any price changes between the two years and assume that prices and spending did not change much between 1993 and 1995 In this case you should enter 1993 on the spreadsheet for the year of the data or IMPLAN will deflate it back to 1993 from 19952. Edit Activity Levels Be careful you do not scale twice IMPLAN will reset the scale factor to 1 0 after multiplying 4 Run impacts of this scenario and then aggregate the base year and impact report files using the TRIP aggregation template See Chapter 8 for details F IMPORT IMPLAN report files back into the Excel Workbook After completing Step E Quit IMPLAN and Reload the saved Excel Workbook from Step D On the INSTRuction page select the IMPORT IMPLAN impact reports button to retrieve the aggregated IMPLAN reports This macro first requests the name of the Direct Effects Report Looks for 9A3 files Choose the directory where these are located IMPLAN puts the reports in the MODEL directory and select the 9A3 file corresponding to the scenario of interest The Scenario name is determined from the prefix for this file and corresponding 9A4 9AS5 Page II 11 and 9A6 files are also retrieved Finally the macro requests the name of the aggregated base year report MODEL 9A1 where MODEL is the name of the model This should be in the same model directory simply select it and click OK The four impact reports and base year report will be imported to the corresponding pages in the Excel workbook When importing the impact reports back into the Excel workbook BE SURE TO CHOOSE THE SCENARIO CORRESPONDING TO THE ACTIVE TRIP SPENDING WORKBOOK so that the IMPLAN impact reports will match the spending data See Chapter 8
3. Graphs of selected results are included and additional graphs may be created and printed by choosing the Create Graphs button on the INSTR page Experienced spreadsheet users will find it easy to modify the summary pages or automate their own analyses and reporting formats As we combine data from both the spending and IMPLAN impact report pages it is important that the two sets of data be consistent including the year for which estimates are made If you use 1990 data to estimate the IMPLAN model all impact reports will be in 1990 dollars They will be in 1993 dollars if you use the 1993 structural matrices and 1993 county data files You should therefore price adjust the spending data to the year of the IMPLAN model A pushbutton on the spending page price adjusts the 1990 spending data to any year up to 1995 EXCEL Workbook Pages SUMMARY section SUM Summary Page Combining Spending amp Impact Results Summary of Procedures for TRIP XLS e To run the program load Excel 5 0 for Windows and open the TRIP XLS workbook e We assume the user is familiar with Excel 5 0 for Windows sufficiently to move around between pages enter information edit cells display and print graphs select pushbuttons and complete Dialog boxes You may move between pages by selecting the pushbuttons or left clicking on a page tab at the bottom e Follow the steps on the INSTRuction page of the TRIP XLS workbook Use pushbuttons or page tabs to move around or fo
4. Activity Database and Scenario Files Notes on LPC s Local Purchase Coefficients Adjusting MI REC to Years After 1990 Page II 2 CHAPTER 6 MI REC SOFTWARE OVERVIEW MI REC UTILITIES The MI REC system is a collection of files and utilities designed to work with the IMPLAN system version 91 F Three kinds of files utility programs are provided These utilities are designed to work together with consistent definitions of spending categories and units of analysis across the different programs and data files 1 Recreation Tourist Spending Estimator Excel 5 0 workbooks TRIP XLS and DRBL XLS will help you to estimate changes in spending based upon per unit spending profiles for different types of visitors recreation market segments and estimates of the number and types of visitors affected by an action The programs also includes a built in IMPLAN scenario generator creating an ASCII file that can be imported into IMPLAN to bridge the spending data to IMPLAN sectors After running an impact analysis within IMPLAN aggregated impact reports may be imported back into the Excel workbook to create a summary report The spreadsheets also can serve as a stand alone utility to simulate direct spending effects of various actions Several standardized tables and graphs are provided for summarizing spending effects in total by spending category and by visitor segment 2 Recreation Tourism Spending Data Sets A set of visitor spending data sets
5. II 17 MDNAME 901 is the base year report giving total output income employment and other measures of economic activity for given year in the region you have defined SCNAME 902 shows the dollars entered into each IMPLAN sector as a change in final demand for the scenario SCNAME This report is from the old mainframe version of IMPLAN and isn t very useful Don t try to aggregate this report SCNAME 903 reports the direct effects of the change SCNAME 904 reports indirect effects SCNAME 905 reports induced effects SCNAME 906 reports total effects direct indirect induced SCNAME 907 ignore this report it isn t implemented yet Each of the impact report files and the base year report may be viewed and aggregated across sectors within MI They are ASCII files that can be read by most wordprocessing packages or printed directly from DOS or WINDOWS Note that all tables are 132 columns wide and should therefore be printed in compressed mode on an 80 column printer As most models will contain from 100 to 528 sectors these reports can be lengthy if left in unaggregated form Combined with the lack of title locks for row and column labels in the MI report viewer this makes them hard to read on the screen We recommend aggregating the reports to focus on the sectors impacted by recreation and tourism spending Default aggregation templates are provided for use with trip spending TRIP90 TPL or TRIP93 TPL durable spending DRBL90 TPL or DRBL
6. IMPLAN import scenario Within IMPLAN you will estimate a model for the study region import the spending scenario estimate impacts of the spending change on the region s economy and then aggregate the IMPLAN impact reports You must first load the MI program The Model construction and Impact analysis submenus take you through the primary steps for estimating multipliers and impacts You must first create or select an input output model for your study region within the Model construction submenu Then use the Impact analysis submenu to apply your spending estimates to this model and view the results ESTIMATING A MODEL Step 3 A Estimate a model for the region by following the procedures in the Model Construction portion of the MI menu 1 Choose create or import a model 2 Select the study area if creating a model If creating a model you will need to have the IMPLAN county data files for each county to be included in your study region These files may be on floppy disks or stored in a directory on your hard disk You must go to the Utilities section of the main MI menu and Import a Data File Directory before you can access the data files Simply enter the drive and or path and name of the directory where data files are stored You are then ready to select files from this directory back in the Model construction menu 3 Construct the social accounts choose construct initial accounts Answer Y or N to optional reports 4 Construct input outpu
7. Retrieve Activities From an Activity Database Retrieve Entire Database or Selected Activities Choose one of the following MI REC Activity Database files TRIP90 for trip spending This retrieves file TRIP90 ACT DRBL90 for durable spending This retrieves file DRBL90 ACT These files must have been copied to the MI91 F 1990 UTILITY subdirectory during MI REC installation to be accessible within IMPLAN Corresponding 1993 versions must be put in the 1993 UTILITY subdirectory b In the Edit menu goto Edit Activity Levels and enter the spending levels for each activity You must also set LPC s according to Table 8 1 if you use this option Then enter the scale factor number of visits for your scenario Note that this option will NOT set retail trade LPC s to 1 0 resulting in some retail spending being incorrectly assigned to imports This is one reason why option A is preferred c Return to Tools to save this activity database as a Scenario Saving as a scenario saves both the bridging and margining information as well as the spending levels The scenario will be saved in the current MODEL directory and can only be used with that MODEL If you wish to estimate impacts of different scales of activity we recommend saving the scenario before applying the scale factor Then you can easily retrieve the scenario set the scale factor and estimate impacts Option D Create your own database and scenario files You may also follow the ins
8. a new name but maintain the T12 file extension You will need to override the default WK1 XLS or other spreadsheet extension We recommend saving data files as single page Excel 4 0 worksheets These new data sets can then be imported into the TRIP XLS or DRBL XLS workbook You needn t complete all entries on the BLANK data templates If you have only one segment leave the remaining eleven columns with zeros You may also enter data in only some of the spending categories Match the categories from your own spending data or surveys to those on the BLANK template as best you can in order to obtain the proper bridging to IMPLAN sectors Page II 14 Chapter 8 Estimating Regional Economic Impacts The Micro IMPLAN program is used to estimate the regional economic effects of a change in spending Readers are referred to the Micro IMPLAN manual for details of the Micro IMPLAN procedures For convenience we provide an abbreviated summary of the basic IMPLAN procedures here and provide details only for a few procedures that are somewhat unique to using IMPLAN with MI REC namely the importing of recreation spending scenarios and the use of MI REC aggregation templates to highlight recreation and tourism sectors To estimate impacts of a change in spending associated with recreation and tourism activity you should have first estimated the total spending change using the MI REC Spending Workbooks TRIP XLS or DRBL XLS and saved this spending as an
9. are provided for use with the spending estimators These data sets were developed from surveys at water based recreation facilities One set of spending profiles comes from surveys at recreation sites along the Upper Mississippi River System These data represent a diverse array of recreation sites and recreational activities Another set of profiles was developed from a sample of visitors to US Army Corps of Engineer reservoirs across the country Analysts may use the data sets that are provided modify these to better fit an intended application or assemble corresponding data sets from their own visitor surveys and other sources The spending data sets represent spending in 1990 dollars Using BLS Price indices the spending data may be adjusted to any year between 1990 and 1995 For consistency with IMPLAN reports we recommend adjusting spending data to the year of the model estimated in IMPLAN 3 Micro IMPLAN Utility files Several customized MI utility files are provided for use with the spending estimators and recreation data sets These files are used to bridge the recreation spending data into IMPLAN s 528 sectors MI Activity Database and ASCII Scenario import files and to aggregate sectors to highlight those most affected by recreation amp tourism MI Aggregation Templates Utilities are provided for both trip related and durable goods spending This manual provides step by step instructions on how to use these utility programs with Micro I
10. area For many applications this will roughly correspond with counties in the immediate vicinity of the site This does not however fully account for local purchases LPC s The rule of thumb in using LPC s with the MI REC data is that LPC s should be applied to spending categories that bridge within Micro IMPLAN to production vs retail or service sectors Table 8 1 gives the spending categories for which we recommend using LPC s Spending categories that bridge to primarily retail trade or service sectors e g hotels and restaurant spending should not have LPC s applied The reason behind this is that 100 of spending on hotels is put directly into the IMPLAN hotel sector and all of this is received by hotels within the region A 100 expense for groceries on the other hand is bridged to production retail wholesale and transportation sectors While the local grocery store receives the 100 MI does not put the 100 into a grocery store sector Various portions of the 100 are entered into agricultural food processing wholesale and transportation sectors only some of which may accrue to businesses within the region By entering Y for an LPC the regional RPC s for each of these commodities are applied to this spending RPC s measure the proportion of final demand spending in a given sector satisfied by firms within the region For those spending categories for which LPC s are applied those with a Y we assume the LPC for tourist spending i
11. own or account for differences in prices between the two areas One might also adjust spending levels for individual categories to better capture the study area For example one might delete boating expenses for application to an area with no boating or increase spending on amusements for an area with numerous putt putt golf amusement parks and the like Adjustments may be based on judgement selected local information or even a formal spending model To edit spending data under the pushbuttons press the Move Buttons button 3 Use your own data If you have data more appropriate for the intended application e g a survey of visitors to the area or site in question or a similar site you may enter these data onto the SPENDing page If you are replacing all the segments and spending data we recommend creating your own spending data spreadsheet using the BLANK spending data files The BLANK datafiles are Excel worksheets for entering spending data for use within MI REC Retrieve the BLANK T12 spreadsheet as a separate workbook Enter your data using this spreadsheet as a template and then save the file as an Excel worksheet keeping the original T12 file extension The resulting spending data file can then be imported into the TRIP XLS workbook using the import spending data button Data must be in the exact format of the BLANK T12 template to import correctly and match up with the MI REC bridging procedures By using the MI REC spending ca
12. sectors ii In Edit check the per unit spending figures in Edit activity Levels and enter the scale factor number of visits in the chosen units iii In Analysis estimate the impacts of this scenario iv In Views you may inspect view and aggregate the impact reports Step 4 Interpret and communicate the results Finally you must interpret the results and communicate them to various audiences The IMPLAN reports and spending data can be easily manipulated within the TRIP XLS workbook to create customized report tables Use the IMPORT IMPLAN REPORTS button on the INSTRuction page of the Excel workbooks TRIP XLS DRBL XLS to bring aggregated IMPLAN impact reports into the spreadsheet A standard summary report is automatically produced when the IMPLAN reports are imported into the Excel workbooks Tips on assembling reports are provided in Chapter 5 The TRIP XLS workbook is the principal tool for estimating recreation trip spending step two above DRBL XLS performs a similar role for durable goods spending These workbooks are described in Chapter 7 The Micro IMPLAN system along with the MI REC IMPLAN Utility files complete the impact analysis step 3 The IMPLAN procedures and use of MI REC utilities for recreation and tourism analysis are summarized in Chapter 8 Steps one and four of this four step approach to economic impact analysis are not as easily canned The problem definition and interpretation of the results are h
13. sectors to 1 0 Four other options are summarized at the end of this chapter along with further explanation of LPC s OPTION A Import a MI REC Recreation Spending Scenario Use this procedure to import the scenario file created with the MI REC Excel workbooks Step C in Chapter 7 a In Tools select Retrieve Activities Import Activities as Scenario b Enter the path and name of the appropriate ASCII import file PRN extension or browse and select the file in the Dialog Box The IMPLAN keystrokes for this section are ALT F to switch to file box ALT D to select or change Directory path use cursors to select the desired directory or file Choose the PRN file you created in TRIP XLS to import the scenario c Assign a file name to the scenario you are creating e g SCNAME IMPLAN will append the SCN extension to your filename and store it in the MDNAME model directory as SCNAME SCN Click OK and then back out of menus with two ESC s d From Tools menu select Clear Memory e Then select Retrieve Activities From a Scenario Retrieve Entire Scenario You should see the scenario filename you entered in step c on the list of scenario files for this model Select it f Proceed to Step 2 where you should check the spending data in Edit Activity Levels and must enter the scale factor number of visits for your scenario Page II 16 WARNING You must repeat all of these steps if you wish to create a similar scenario
14. 93 TPL or both DRTP90 TPL or DRTP93 TPL You may revise these templates or develop your own using the instructions in the MI manual for creating and editing aggregation templates The templates readily convert to any year after 1990 but must be located in the given year s UTILITY subdirectory for IMPLAN to find them They cannot be used for 1985 as the IMPLAN sectorization changed between 1985 and 1990 To aggregate reports 1 choose the Aggregate a report option within Views 2 choose a suitable aggregation template from the list Note If the default templates TRIP90 DRBL90 and DRTP90 are not listed copy these files to the MI 1990 UTILITY subdirectory from the MI REC disks We rename the templates if they are to be used for a different year e g TRIP93 TPL for 1993 TRIP90 use with trip spending DRBL90 use with durable goods spending DRTP90 use with both trip amp durable You must aggregate reports one at a time within MI After aggregating MI changes the character in the middle of the report file extension from 0 to A to indicate an aggregated report e g the aggregation of SCNAME 903 becomes SCNAME 9A3 These aggregated reports are appended to the bottom of the report list scroll down to see all reports and can then be viewed using VIEW A REPORT For example select the SCNAME 9A3 file to view the aggregated report of direct effects The three MI REC aggregation templates are summarized in Table 8 2 Page Il 18 Alte
15. Excel have been integrated into the workbook Spending data impact reports and base year data are then combined into a standard report on a summary page The spreadsheet handles up to 12 visitor segments The TRIP XLS and DRBL XLS spreadsheets estimate total spending by visitors to a site region or set of sites The user must enter the number and kinds of visitors attracted to the site The spending profile for a typical visitor is then calculated as a weighted average of spending profiles of each visitor segment with segment shares used as weights Segment spending profiles are drawn from a database constructed from recent mostly 1990 spending surveys at different types of recreation sites These profiles may be edited or local spending data more appropriate for a given application may be used The profiles may be price adjusted to a more recent year using BLS price indices In the Excel workbooks the spending estimators have been extended to also produce the IMPLAN scenario file and summarize the results of an impact analysis by importing the IMPLAN impact reports back into the spreadsheet Trip Spending Estimator TRIP XLS Structure of the Workbook 1 The procedures for estimating trip expenditures are divided across several pages in TRIP XLS This makes the spreadsheet easy to move around in by using Page Tabs at bottom Separate pages are set up for different sections of the spending estimator as follows TRIP XLS Workbook Pages Spending
16. G Summarize and print results Information from the spending and impact pages are gathered on a SUMmary page Pushbuttons are provided on the INSTRuction page to print the SUMmary page or create additional graphs H Running additional scenarios The Excel workbook is designed to contain only a single scenario After importing IMPLAN reports you should save the workbook again You now have all the inputs and results of your impact analysis in a single workbook After the IMPLAN reports are imported you cannot make changes to any of the spending or visit information as any such changes will not be reflected in the IMPLAN results pages To estimate impacts for a different scenario return to the INSTRuction page and CLEAR IMPLAN REPORTS This erases the IMPLAN page and any extra graphs that may have been created You may now define a new scenario and repeat the steps starting at A Be sure to first save the workbook if you want to preserve the first scenario Durable Goods Spending Estimator DRBL XLS The durable goods spending estimator uses the same format and procedures as the trip spending estimator A more complete documentation of this workbook is in progress The following summarizes the major differences between DRBL XLS and TRIP XLS 1 Spending categories represent the major kinds of durable goods purchased by visitors 2 Spending profiles in most of UMRS and 12Lakes datasets are on the same party trip basis as trip spending These p
17. MD amp M T6 UMRS Dock amp Marina Survey 12LAKES T6 USACE National Survey 12LAKES T12 USACE National Survey LANIER T12 USACE National Survey SHELBY T12 s PRIEST T12 and nine more CE projects Durable Goods Spending Files UMRS1 D6 UMRS1 D12 UMRS On Site Survey UMD amp M D6 UMRS Dock amp Marina Survey 12LAKES D6 USACE NAtional Survey 12LAKES D12 USACE National Survey Page Il 13 Blank Zero Spending Files BLANK T6 BLANK T12 Use these templates to create BLANK D6 BLANK D12 your own spending data files 12 segment trip spending data files are available for each of the 12 lakes sampled in the 1989 90 national survey These files have a T12 file extension with an abbreviated lake name as the file prefix See Appendix C for details Earlier versions of these data files may be in WK1 format and may not include the year of the data in cell L1 Simply enter the year 1990 in cell L1 after importing so the price adjustment and IMPLAN scenario generator will work correctly Creating New Spending Data Sets The BLANK versions of the spending data templates should be used in creating new spending data files as they are in the proper format with appropriate range names and spending categories To create your own spending data files for use with MI REC Simply retrieve the appropriate BLANK template from your spreadsheet program and enter segment names and spending profile data in the unprotected cells When finished save the file with
18. MPLAN Guidance on regional economic concepts and methods are provided in Part I of the MI REC manual In Part I we also include tips for defining a problem forming appropriate regions for an impact analysis and summarizing and interpreting the results of an economic impact analysis This version of MI REC is designed to work with Version 91 F of Micro IMPLAN and 1990 or more recent IMPLAN databases This manual should be used with the Micro IMPLAN User s Manual We do not attempt to duplicate information provided there although we do summarize the key MI steps necessary for a basic analysis Our orientation here is to provide a somewhat standardized set of procedures for novice IMPLAN users Both MI and the MI REC utilities are quite flexible tools that can be readily customized and adapted to particular uses by experienced analysts In the interests of keeping things simple for first time users this manual will stress a relatively standardized and basic set of analyses After some experience with the MI REC and IMPLAN systems you will discover many ways of adapting the spreadsheets databases and procedures to your own needs and problems Page Il 3 We assume a basic knowledge of Excel 5 0 As the TRIP XLS and DRBL XLS workbooks includes many specialized macros in the form of visual basic modules they will not readily convert to other spreadsheets These workbooks integrate a number of spreadsheets and utilities from an earlier Lotus 1 2 3 ver
19. Page II 1 USERS MANUAL PART II MI REC SOFTWARE The MI REC system consists of a set of utilities and customized procedures for estimating the economic impacts of recreation and tourism using the Micro IMPLAN program MI REC will help you to 1 define your recreation and tourism problems in terms amenable to the application of input output models 2 prepare recreation and tourism spending data for use with IMPLAN 3 bridge and margin recreation and tourism spending data to the IMPLAN sectors 4 carry out impact analyses within IMPLAN 5 aggregate models or IMPLAN reports to highlight sectors affected directly or indirectly by recreation and tourism spending and 6 summarize interpret and report the results of an economic impact analysis CHAPTER 6 MI REC SOFTWARE OVERVIEW MI REC Utilities INSTALLATION amp SET UP STANDARD MI REC PROCEDURES CHAPTER 7 ESTIMATING RECREATION AND TOURISM SPENDING Trip Spending Estimator TRIP XLS Structure of the Workbook Summary of Procedures Steps to Estimate Spending and Economic Impacts Durable Goods Spending Estimator DRBL XLS MI REC Spending Data Sets Creating new spending data sets CHAPTER 8 ESTIMATING REGIONAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS Estimating a model Impact Analysis Retrieving or Importing Activity Databases amp Scenarios Files Entering Activity Levels amp Scale Factors Estimating Impacts of Current Scenario Viewing amp Aggregating Reports Alternatives for Generating
20. Retail Trade 462 463 448 453 455 td Finance Insurance amp Real Estate 464 470 456 462 td Auto Services 492 494 477 479 t Other Amusements 495 501 483 489 t b Services Other 472 515 464 509 t Gov t Enterprise amp Special 516 528 510 528 td Individual Trip Sectors HOTELS AND LODGING PLACES 471 463 t EATING amp DRINKING PLACES 491 454 t AMUSEMENT AND RECREATION 502 488 t PETROLEUM REFINING 235 210 t Individual Durable Sectors INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 331 308 d SHIP BUILDING amp REPAIR 408 392 d BOAT BUILDING amp REPAIR 409 393 d MOTORCYCLES BICYCLES amp PARTS 411 395 d TRAVEL TRAILERS AND CAMPERS 412 397 d MOTORHOMES 414 388 d a Excludes relevant individual sectors listed below and sectors within aggregates above food proc to sp goods b Excludes relevant individual sectors listed below and sectors within aggregates above auto services amp oth amusements c tindicates included in TRIP templates d in DRBL templates td in both TRIP85 TPL and TRIP90 TPL highlight trip spending sectors DRBL85 TPL and DRBL90 TPL highlight durable goods sectors TPDR85 TPL and TPDR90 TPL include both trip amp durable sectors Page II 22 ADJUSTING MI REC TO YEARS AFTER 1990 The MI REC system was developed to work with the 1990 IMPLAN data sets and version 91 F of the IMPLAN program Since the spending data were gathered in 1990 no price adjustments were required when using 1990 IMPLAN structural matrices and county data file
21. able goods sectors as durables are rarely manufactured in the regions where they are purchased Table 8 1 LPC Settings for Trip amp Durable Spending Categories TRIP ACTIVITY hotel camping food on site food off site gas amp oil auto rental repairs tires auto RV parts boat rental boat repairs boat parts boat launch slip boat fares fish bait ammunition spec amp attr fees recreation fees film purchase film developing footwear men s clothing women s clothing souveniers LPC lt lt lt lt Z2 lt Z22 lt lt Z22 lt Z22 lt lt 2Z2 lt lt z2z2Zz DURABLE ACTIVITY Boats Boat engines Motorhomes Other camping veh Trailers Tents amp camp equip Bikes amp ORV s Rods amp reels Rifles Clothing Boots amp waders Sporting Goods Other equip amp access Cameras amp photoequip Binoculars Used Dealers LPC Zx Page Il 20 Page II 21 Table 8 2 MI REC Sectoral Aggregation Templates 1985 AND 1990 SECTORS INDUSTRY NAME 1985 SECTORS 1990 SECTORS TEMPLATE AGGREGATED SECTORS Agriculture Forestry amp Fish 1 27 1 27 td Mining 28 65 28 47 td Construction 66 75 48 57 td Food Processing 82 130 58 107 t Apparel 131 151 247 254 108 124 222 229 t Auto Parts amp Access 240 404 215 386 td Sporting Goods 79 80 425 433 297 299 413 421 td a Manufacturing Other 76 445 125 432 td Transportation Comm amp Utilities 446 459 433 436 td Wholesale trade 460 461 447 td
22. ario files in the Model Directory from which they are generated The Excel spreadsheets and spending data may remain in the MI REC directory or any directory that is easily accessed from Excel Simply change the default directory in Excel to the MI REC directory to retrieve these files As you use the TRIP and DRBL XLS files to estimate spending and impacts we recommend saving the results in the IMPLAN model directories This way all of the files associated with a particular analysis will be in one place and you will not accidentally mess up the original TRIP and DRBL XLS files ALWAYS keep a backup of these original files in a safe place to restore the MI REC system Page II 4 STANDARD MI REC PROCEDURES FOUR STEPS TO CARRYING OUT AN IMPACT ANALYSIS There are four basic steps for carrying out an economic impact analysis using the MI REC and Micro IMPLAN Systems Step 1 Define the problem Specify the action or policy question that will direct the analysis Specify what is causing the change and the types of impacts of interest From this determine The number and types of visitors affected appropriate visitor segments and segment shares The appropriate study area or region The types of visitor spending to include e g trip spending durable goods purchases The most important economic sectors amp appropriate levels of sectoral aggregation for the analysis The most relevant measures of economic impacts Tolerable levels of error acc
23. e defaults the assumption is that the spending profiles of each segment at the study site will be similar to those of the corresponding segment at an average site or more precisely the same as the average spending for a given segment at the 12 reservoirs surveyed To apply spending profiles from a different spending data set select a data file with profiles that will represent spending patterns for the intended application generally those from a similar type of region and facility with visitor segments similar to those in the current application Use the IMPORT button on the SPENDing page to import a new set of spending data After selecting the IMPORT button identify the desired spending data file and click OK in the file open dialog box The import feature is set up to retrieve spreadsheet files with a T12 extension Spending data sets are single page Excel 4 0 worksheets Some earlier versions are in Lotus 1 2 3 WK1 format 2 Edit Spending data You may also edit the spending data in the default profiles or any other data set that you have imported in step 1 To edit a cell simply move to the cell type the new value and press ENTER The spending data is not protected By editing the data you may adjust the defaults for any known differences between the intended application and the situation where data were gathered For example one might apply price indexes to update profiles over time you may use our price indices for this or your
24. edure for an impact analysis To proceed with an economic impact analysis goto to the IMPLAN page and first verify that the summary results are correct The three columns in Table 5 on the IMPLAN page are weighted averages of the segment spending profiles from Table and Table 2 These represent the spending of an average visitor computed using the segment shares entered on the VISIT page as weights The columns are per visit final demand vectors one for spending within 30 miles one for total trip spending and a custom column for regions in between 30 miles and the entire trip For local impact analysis we typically use the Within 30 mile column The Total trip column could be used for a statewide analysis if all visitors come from within the state The Custom column may be used to generate spending estimates for other size regions To form a spending vector for a custom region enter a percentage at the top of the Custom column The entries are computed as all the spending within 30 miles plus the custom percent of the spending outside 30 miles Custom Pct 0 yields the 30 mile region figures Custom Pct 100 yields the Total trip figures and a Custom Pct of 50 yields spending halfway between the two This might approximate spending within a 60 mile radius of the Page II 10 destination if we knew that half of the spending outside 30 miles took place within the 30 60 mile band Actual surveys were used to ident
25. es that represent the average spending of particular kinds of visitors to a given site or region The segments play a critical role in the model as the segments capture differences in spending across different kinds of visitors Segments are one key to generalizing spending across different sites and regions A default set of spending profiles and segments is included in the TRIP XLS workbook These default figures may be adjusted for a particular application or they may be replaced by alternative data sets Each spending data set is organized in a standard file format necessary for properly importing the data to the spending spreadsheets Tables 1 and 2 from the TRIP XLS workbook see Appendix A illustrate a typical spending data sets for trip spending The segment names appear across the columns and spending categories down the rows Each template includes two such tables the first labeled Table 1 is spending within the local region while the second labeled Table 2 is total spending including spending inside and outside the local area The data sets assembled to date rely on a common set of variables for defining segments each of which is important in explaining differences in spending The MI REC system however can handle any set of non overlapping mutually exclusive market segments for which spending profiles are available Available data files include 6 Segments 12 Segments Source Trip Spending Files UMRS1 T6 UMRS On Site Survey U
26. ify the portion of spending by each segment within 30 miles of the destination To transfer the spending information in Table 5 to IMPLAN simply press the SAVE SCENARIO as IMPLAN Import File button on the IMPLAN page Choose which of the three columns of spending figures you want to paste into the IMPLAN scenario file within30 miles totals or the customized region When asked provide a path and filename for the ASCII file e g C MI REC SCEN PRN Click OK to save this scenario file in ASCII format Procedures for retrieving this file in IMPLAN are explained in Step E below Before saving the scenario you should check that you have price adjusted the spending data to the year of your IMPLAN model The year is indicated at the top of the page Go back to the spending page to convert dollars from to a different year D SAVE the Workbook You should then save the entire workbook changing the name from TRIP XLS to a name that reflects your application e g MYAPP XLS There is a SAVE button the INSTRuction page If you have already created a model in IMPLAN for the region of interest you may save the file within the MODEL directory This keeps all your data for a particular model in one place If you will be running impact analyses in IMPLAN you will be returning to Excel and retrieving this file in Step E below You are now ready to switch to IMPLAN Exit Excel Exit Windows and load IMPLAN If you have adequate memory in your machine you can
27. in a different model Do not copy scenario files between models as they contain the RPC LPC settings and margins for a particular model If you forget to Clear Memory and Retrieve the Scenario in Step d your active scenario will contain only the final activity spending category Simply go back and complete Step d to import the full scenario Step 2 Entering Activity Levels and Scale Factors Go to the Edit section a In Edit Activity Levels you may enter or edit levels of spending for each activity If you used the recommended option in Step to import the spending vector simply verify that the entries are correct The spending levels for each activity should correspond to those in Table 5 on the IMPLAN page of the MI REC spreadsheet Also the LPC settings should correspond to those in Table 8 1 If entering spending manually simply enter the levels of spending from Table 5 of the MI REC spending estimator spreadsheet Also set LPC s as recommended in Table 8 1 if they are not already set CAUTION Use CTRL ENTER to close the Edit Activity Levels dialogue box DO NOT USE THE ESCAPE KEY as this may erase everything you entered b Go to Tools and save the database as a scenario Be careful to change the scenario name if generating multiple scenarios to avoid overwriting a scenario file c Go back to Edit and Scale the scenario enter the total number of party visits associated with the change as the scale factor MI multiplies this sca
28. le factor times the levels entered in step a above for each activity Be careful not to scale twice as MI resets the scale factor to 1 after making the multiplications If you go back to Edit Activity Levels the numbers should equal the scale factor times the per party visit spending levels that you entered d Exit the Edit section use ESC key to back out Note These recommended procedures save the database as a scenario prior to adding the scale factor This makes it easy to evaluate a change of scale by retrieving the scenario with per party visit activity levels and entering a new scale factor The model is linear so that a doubling of scale simply multiplies all output totals by two If your results show little or no impact make sure you didn t forget the scale factor Outputs are in millions of dollars so you won t see much impact from less than 1 000 party trips unless you have some very big spenders Step 3 Estimate impacts of the Current Scenario Use the cursor to move to the Analysis command on the impact analysis menu Simply press ENTER and answer Yes to estimate the impacts of the current scenario Step 4 View and aggregate the results Go to the Views section IMPLAN produces a base year report for the region you have defined and six other reports for each scenario you run The base year report file has the model name MDNAME as its prefix while other reports use the scenario name SCNAMEB for the file prefix Page
29. minmize the Excel application and run IMPLAN as a DOS application from within Windows E BRIEF IMPLAN PROCEDURES See Chapter 8 for details IMPLAN is used to estimate the secondary effects of the spending on the regional economy IMPLAN will also put the spending into standard economic sectors identifying which sectors are impacted directly or through secondary effects IMPLAN also helps to translate sales effects to income and employment measures of impact To estimate the regional economic effects of the spending within IMPLAN you must 1 Estimate a model for the study region of interest Then go to the Impact Analysis procedures 2 Retrieve the scenario saved in Step C above a In Tools select Retrieve Import Activities as Scenario b Enter the path and name of the appropriate ASCII import file saved in Step C above c Provide a name for the scenario file d Clear memory e Retrive activities as a Scenario choose the scenario you named in 2c above 3 Go to Editing submenu a Check that spending data were correctly transferred by comparing the entries in Edit Activity Levels with Table 5 from TRIP XLS IF YOU ACCIDENTLY GO INTO EDIT ACTIVITIES PRESS CTRL ENTER TO GET OUT b In the Scaling section enter a Scale factor equal to the number of visits or other units This will multiply the levels of spending for each activity by the scaling constant yielding total spending You may check this by returning to
30. orrect if spending data on the SPENDing pages are not adjusted to the same year as the IMPLAN impact report pages For example if you use 1990 spending data sets with a 1993 model spending information will be in 1990 dollars while all the impact results will be in 1993 dollars The simplest way to resolve this problem is to price adjust the spending data in the Excel workbook to the year of the IMPLAN model We have added a push button on the SPENDing page to adjust spending to any year between 1990 and 1995 Simply click this button select the year of the intended model and click OK The year of the spending data must also be entered in cell L1 of the SPENDing page for the price adjuster to work properly This year is updated whenever a price adjustment is made The set of price indices for adjusting each spending category to years between 1990 and 1995 were selected from Bureau of Labor Statistics price indices If you intend to use 1990 IMPLAN county data then you can use the 1990 spending data files without adjustment Before saving an IMPLAN import scenario on the IMPLAN page be sure the cell at the top reads 1990 for year of the data This year is pasted into the scenario file that is exported to IMPLAN If you intend to use 1993 IMPLAN data then you can import a 1990 spending data file and then price adjust it to 1993 Before saving an IMPLAN import scenario on the IMPLAN page be sure the cell at the top reads 1993 for year of the data
31. owever the most important steps of any analysis These steps will require your own insights into how to structure the problem and how to best convey the results to intended users or audiences Further guidance on these steps are provided in Part I of this manual Page II 6 Chapter 7 Estimating Recreation amp Tourism Spending Most of the MI REC tools for estimating spending and economic impacts associated with recreation and tourism have been packaged into two Microsoft Excel 5 0 Workbook files These workbooks and supporting spending data files are described in this chapter TRIP XLS handles trip spending while DRBL XLS handles purchases of durable goods such as boats and recreational vehicles These Excel files replace several Lotus 1 2 3 spreadsheets in the earlier versions of MI REC The Excel workbooks combine a number of formerly separate spreadsheets into a single multi page notebook A number of features have been added to complete the spreadsheet interface with IMPLAN version MI 91 F In addition to the spending estimation routines the Excel workbooks can generate scenario files that can be directly imported to IMPLAN An ASCII version of an IMPLAN scenario file may be created directly from the spending estimates on the spreadsheet After importing this file to IMPLAN and running the IMPLAN impact routine aggregated IMPLAN impact report files may be added to the Excel workbook Parsing routines to import IMPLAN impact report files into
32. r help on a given page A printed copy of each page of the TRIP XLS workbook is included in Appendix A Page Il 8 STEPS TO ESTIMATE SPENDING AND ECONOMIC IMPACTS A CHOOSE OR EDIT A SET OF SPENDING PROFILES Spending profiles for up to 12 visitor segments may be included in an analysis The default spending profiles and segments on the SPEND page represent visitors to U S Army Corps of Engineers recreation projects in 1990 To adjust spending to a more recent year push the price adjustment button on the SPEND page and select the desired year Spending is divided into two tables Table 1 reports average spending within 30 miles of the destination Table 2 reports average spending for the entire trip both within 30 miles and en route outside 30 miles The average total and pecent columns at the far right are computed based upon segment share and total visit data entered on the VISIT page The average spending is a weighted average of the segment columns using segment shares as weights There are three options for entering spending data 1 Import a set of spending data using the IMPORT button You may use spending data from another site as is The default spending profiles in the TRIP XLS workbook are national averages estimated from a sample of visitors to 12 U S Army Corps of Engineers projects around the country See Appendix C for definitions of segments and more background on the data These profiles may be applied as is In using th
33. rnatives for Generating Activity Database and Scenario Files The following three alternatives can also be used to create recreation activity database and scenario files within IMPLAN The recommended procedure in Step 1 above will be called Option A The IMPLAN procedures for creating activity databases From the Current Model or from PCE data can also be quite useful See Chapter 4 of the IMPLAN manual for details Option B Retrieving a scenario IMPLAN scenarios are simply activity database files to which a set of activity levels and LPC settings have been added When you add spending levels and LPC settings to the TRIP90 and DRBL90 activity databases in option B you create a scenario These scenarios may be saved and subsequently retrieved In the Tools section of IMPLAN s impact analysis routine for further use Be aware that scenario files are saved in the model directory and are accessible only to the model in which they were created while the activity database files are stored in a Utilities subdirectory of MI and may be retrieved from any model After retrieving a scenario verify the spending levels by inspecting them in Edit Activity Levels If you saved a scenario before adding scale factors remember to scale the scenario before estimating impacts Option C Retrieving an Activity Database The MI REC bridging and margining information contained in the import files can also be retrieved directly a In Tools select
34. rofiles yield total spending on durables in a given one year period when multiplied by the annual number of visits trips The profiles were generated by dividing the cost of durable items purchased within the previous year and brought to a site by the number of trips each party had made to any Corps of Engineers sites within the past year 3 Special procedures are required to distinguish between purchases of new durables vs used equipment Used goods are further divided between purchases from dealers and purchases from households These extra computations are made on the IMPLAN page 4 The bridge table for durable goods is quite different from that for trip spending although the procedures for creating an IMPLAN scenario are the same Page II 12 SPENDING DATA SETS Spending data sets are constantly being expanded and revised The files provided with MI REC and documentation below cover spending data gathered for the U S Army Corps of Engineers in 1989 1990 These files import into Excel 5 0 using the import spending data set button on the SPENDing page The original Lotus version of MI REC included six and 12 segment versions of spending templates and data files All of the files below can be imported by the corresponding TRIP XLS or DRBL XLS workbooks The 12 segment versions work best as the Excel workbooks are set up to handle up to 12 segments Spending Data Files The recreation spending estimators rely on a set of spending profil
35. s There are two adjustments you will need to make to use MI REC with models later than 1990 First the MI REC activity database and aggregation template files must be put in the appropriate IMPLAN UTILITY subdirectory As there have been no changes in IMPLAN sectorization since 1990 the MI REC aggregation templates and activity database files readily convert to any year after 1990 You can simply change the file name on the aggregation templates from TRIP90 TPL to TRIP92 TPL for example when copyng the file to the MI91 F 1992 UTLITY subdirectory IMPLAN will also adjust the activity database files to the year of the model when you retrieve them but we recommend saving the activity database with the new model year if you intend to use it regularly with a different year s model For the convenience of users we include both 1990 and 1993 versions of aggregation templates and activity database files The 1990 versions of the activity database files assume all spending is entered in 1990 dollars and the 1993 versions assume 1993 dollars These files should be put in the IMPLAN UTILITY subdirectory for the corresponding year Second the MI REC 1990 spending data files should be adjusted to the year of the intended model to which you will apply final demand changes Although the IMPLAN program will automatically adjust any changes in spending to the year of the model using its own price deflators the SUMmary page in the MI REC Excel workbook will be inc
36. s the same as the overall RPC for the region That is if 50 of the final demand for dairy products in the region is satisfied within the region the RPC we assume 50 of tourist s dairy purchases are also supplied by local dairy farmers the LPC The remainder are imports and are not included in the tourism final demand vector Option A for retrieving database and scenario files automatically sets the LPC s Option A also sets the LPC s for all retail trade sectors to 1 0 While RPC s for retail trade sectors are usually near one for most regions they can be less than one and significantly so for rural counties without a major retail center Since tourists are reporting money spent in local retail establishments all of the retail margin associated with these purchases should be entered as local final demand This means that the LPC on retail trade sectors should be set to 1 0 Adjusting these within IMPLAN is a tedious process The import feature overcomes this problem If you do not use option A you may be losing from 5 10 of the impacts in retail trade sectors The setting of LPC s can have a significant effect on the estimated impacts of visitor spending Trip impact estimates will generally be 20 40 lower when LPC s are set as in Table 8 1 The effect is much larger when estimating the impacts of durable goods puchases as LPC s are applied to all but one durable good spending category IMPLAN s RPC estimates are generally quite low for dur
37. section INSTR Instructions SPEND Spending data Tables 1 and 2 VISITS Entering vists and segment shares AVGSP Table of average spending profiles Table 3 TOTSP Total spending tables Table 4 IMPLAN IMPLAN inputs Table 5 2 An IMPLAN scenario import file may be created directly from the spreadsheet via a button on the IMPLAN page This file can be used to transfer spending and visit data in ASCII format from the spreadsheet to IMPLAN This information is retrieved in IMPLAN using the import activities as a scenario procedures Page II 7 3 Customized Dialog boxes have been created for importing IMPLAN impact report files and printing various MI REC reports Aggregated IMPLAN impact reports can be imported back into the Excel workbook at the touch of a button and organized on pages for DIRECT INDIRECT INDUCED and TOTAL impacts The model base year report in aggregated form is also imported to a BASE90 page EXCEL Workbook Pages IMPLAN Reports section DIRECT Direct Effects SCN 9A3 Report INDIRECT Indirect Effects SCN 9A4 Report INDUCED Induced Effects SCN 9A5 Report TOTAL Total Effects SCN 9A6 Report BASE Base Year Summary MODEL9A1 Report 4 Key user inputs and results are gathered together in a summary page SUM that covers both spending and impact results Ratio multipliers and capture rates are automatically computed Estimated impacts are reported as a percentage of base year economic activity
38. sion of MI REC INSTALLATION SET UP 1 You should have the Micro IMPLAN program installed on your hard disk Users will also need a copy of Excel 5 0 for Windows 2 Copy or UNZIP all of the MIREC files to a MI REC subdirectory on your hard drive 3 Move or Copy the IMPLAN Utility files to your IMPLAN directory IMPLAN looks for aggregation templates and activity database files in a UTILITY subdirectory for a given year e g If you have the 1990 IMPLAN matrices in a directory called MI91 F on drive C the 1990 utilities will be located in C MI91 F 1990 UTILITY Copy the 1990 MI REC aggregation templates and activity database files to this subdirectory e g using DOS copy commands copy C MI REC 90 tp c MI91 F 1990 UTILITY copy C MI REC 90 act c MI91 F 1990 UTILITY copy C MI REC 90 asc c MI91 F 1990 UTILITY If you are using 1993 IMPLAN data files copy the 93 versions of these files to C MI91 F 1993 UTILITY copy C MI REC 93 tpl1 c MI91 F 1990 UTILITY copy C MI REC 93 act c MI91 F 1990 UTILITY copy C MI REC 93 asc c MI91 F 1990 UTILITY TPL files are aggregation templates to aggregate IMPLAN sectors ACT files are activity database files to bridge to IMPLAN sectors ASC files are ASCII files to import a scenario into IMPLAN The IMPLAN program will look in its own UTILITY subdirectories for these files and store any activity database or aggregation template files in those subdirectories IMPLAN stores Scen
39. spond to the units for the spending data on the SPENDing page The default spending is in dollars per party trip so when using default spending profiles visits must be the number of party trips Spending on a party day basis are also available You may change the units of analysis to person days party days person trips boats households or any other appropriate units as long as you are consistent in using the same units for use as for spending Remember the spreadsheet will multiply your estimate of visits times the spending profiles to get total spending For example in estimating spending of boats at a marina one could use the boat as the unit of analysis Spending should then be entered as an annual average spending per boat on the SPEND page and visits and shares on the VISIT page should be in terms of the number of boats or occupied slips If spending figures are averages per trip to the marina then use and segment shares must be based on trips C INSPECT AND EXPORT SPENDING ESTIMATES Spending averages and totals are automatically computed based on the information you entered in steps A and B The AVGSP and TOTSP pages contain spending averages and totals These results will be reflected in any graphs you produce At the bottom of the INSTRuction page are buttons to print selected tables or create graphs The IMPLAN page contains the spending vector s Table 5 and scale factors to be entered in IMPLAN s edit activity levels proc
40. t accounts Pick construct unaggregated I O accounts 5 Estimate the multipliers 6 View model status a check of what has been completed IMPACT ANALYSIS Step 3 B Estimate the impacts of a change in spending Go to the Impact Analysis section of MI and complete the following four steps 1 Retrieve or import an activity database or scenario file 2 Enter or verify activity levels and add a scale factor Page Il 15 3 Estimate impacts of the current scenario 4 View and aggregate reports STEPS FOR ESTIMATING IMPACTS Step 1 Retrieving or Importing Activity Database and Scenario Files In Tools you must retrieve the bridging information for recreation spending by retrieving an activity database or a scenario An activity database includes only the information for bridging spending categories into IMPLAN sectors while a corresponding scenario also includes the particular spending levels for each activity and a choice of whether or not to apply LPC s to this spending LPC s are briefly explained following this section To accomodate a range of possible applications there are several options for retrieving activity database or scenario files The recommended approach when using MI REC is to import an activity database as a scenario using the ASCII file created in the Excel workbook This option brings in the spending levels and year of spending data while also setting LPC s appropriately including setting LPC s for retail trade
41. tegories you can avoid what can be a tedious job Page Il 9 of creating a customized activity database file for your own set of spending categories See Appendix C for more information on creating your own spending files Several important pieces of information are included at the top of the spending page and are retrieved with each spending data file that you may import e Names of the segments files may contain up to 12 segments The segment names appear at the top of each column e Units for spending data Cell G1 indicates units party trip person day household etc e Year of Spending data Cell L1 indicates the year of the data This cell will change if you price adjust the data e Source of the data A brief indicator of where the spending data came from 12LAKES indicates data from the survey of CE visitors at reservoirs and UMRS data from visitors to Upper Mississippi River System Both are 1990 data B ENTER THE NUMBER OF VISITS on the VISITS page Next move to the VISIT page Here you enter the number of visits and the distribution of visits across segments segment shares Enter the Number of Visitors affected in Cell E3 and segment shares in Cells C8 C19 Be sure to enter segment shares as percentages These should sum to 100 at the bottom The number of visits or trips by each segment are computed in column E by multiplying the segment share times total visits Note that the units for estimating use or visits must corre
42. tructions in the Micro IMPLAN manual Chapter 4 In this case you must create your own activity database enter activity levels and choose the appropriate LPC settings If you are not Page Il 19 experienced with bridging and margining procedures or IMPLAN s edit activities commands you should use options A or B Even experienced users will generally find it more efficient to retrieve and edit the MI REC TRIP or DURABLE activity databases rather than starting from scratch when creating database files for recreation and tourism applications The MI REC databases can be edited in the Edit Activities section of IMPLAN s impact module Simply retrieve or import them first using Options A B or C above Notes on LPC s Local Purchase Coefficients LPC s are local purchase coefficients indicating the portion of spending that accrues to the local economy A Y for Yes in the edit activity levels procedure applies the region s RPC the default values for LPC s to the entered activity level to estimate how much of this spending accrues to the study region See MI REC Appendix H and the IMPLAN manual for a discussion of RPC s The MI REC spending data files have already determined from survey data what portion of visitor spending is made within a local area The definition of the local area may vary with the spending data set being used For trip spending we have consistently used a 30 mile radius of the site to define spending in the local
43. uracy in the results mopRose Step 2 Estimate the change in spending associated with the action Within Excel retrieve the TRIP XLS spending estimator Follow the instructions on the first page of the workbook to carry out the analysis Briefly Select or edit a set of spending profiles on the SPEND page Price adjust the data to the year of the intended model if necessary Enter visits and segment shares on the VISITS page Save an IMPLAN import scenario from the resulting spending estimates on the IMPLAN page Save the TRIP XLS workbook with a new name See Chapter 7 for specific spreadsheet procedures Step 3 Estimate the regional economic effects of the change in spending The estimation of impacts is carried out using Micro IMPLAN Using MI you estimate a model for the desired region and then estimate the impacts of the change in spending on this model a Estimate a model for the region Follow the procedures in the Model Construction portion of the MI menu i Choose create or import a model ii Select the study area if creating a model ii Construct the social accounts iv Construct input output accounts v Estimate the multipliers Vi View model status or edit documentation Page Il 5 b Estimate the impacts of a change in spending Proceed to the Impact Analysis section of MI i In Tools retrieve or import an activity database or scenario containing the information for bridging the spending data to MI
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