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Internet Publishing with Acrobat

1. Table 4 2 1 Creator Application Selection Issues 1 Support may be either built into the creator application or extended through plug ins XTensions filters macros and so on 43 PDF Savvy Creator Applications PDF savvy applications make the process of converting to PDF files more efficient by controlling and adding PDF file objects and attributes at the design stage PDF file support is built either directly into the application or added to the application through plug ins XTensions filters macros and so forth PDF savvy creator applications automate the addition of inter active and navigational objects bookmarks article threads or notes etc to PDF files by embedding commands called pdf marks in the PostScript file After the PostScript file is con verted by Acrobat Distiller the resulting PDF file exhibits the navigational and interactive features added originally in the cre ator application 106 Chapter 4 4 3 1 Some PDF savvy creator applications also can control the process of converting from the creator application s file type to a PostScript file and then to a PDF file through interapplication communication IAC These applications often use a limited use Private Edition version of Acrobat Distiller to generate PDF files Other applications can save files directly to the PDF file for mat bypassing the PostScript file to PDF conversion process completely Using Adobe
2. Job Option Best for Internet PDF files Compatibility Acrobat 3 0 compatibility unless the audience doesn t have access to the free Acrobat 3 0 Readers ASCII format Binary ASCII is unchecked Default resolution 600 dpi Default page size Depends on the page dimensions Note The Generate Thumbnails job option is available only in Acrobat Distiller 2 1 and earlier Thumbnails may be created and deleted with Acrobat Exchange Do not select the Generate Thumbnails job option for a PDF file that will be published on the Internet The default for generating thumbnails is off A thumbnail adds between one to three kilobytes per page per thumbnail to the document s file size depending on page size Using Acrobat Distiller 127 5 2 2 Distiller s Compression Job Options Distiller s compression job options are factory set to produce small yet high quality PDF files Some understanding of resolu tion and image types may prove useful when experimenting with Distiller s manual compression options Table 5 2 2 below lists the recommended Distiller compression settings for most files Job Option Best for Internet PDF files Compress text and line art Checked on Downsample or subsample color grayscale Downsample and monochrome images 72 dpi for color and grayscale images 300 for monochrome images Automatic compression or manual compression Automatic Compress text and line art Compressing text and line art
3. Adobe Type 1 Kanji Adobe multiple masters ISO Latin 1 Adobe multiple masters Expert Non Adobe Type 1 ISO Latin 1 Non Adobe Type 1 non lSO Latin1 Type 3 outline font Type 3 bitmapped font Result when font is present Font name placed in PDF file only name is required because base 14 fonts are guar anteed to be present on viewing system Font descriptor placed in PDF file Font embedded in PDF file or Expert Same as either ISO Latin Font embedded in PDF file Font embedded in PDF file Cyrillic character set not supported Courier used ot supported Font descriptor placed in PDF file Font descriptor placed in PDF file Font descriptor placed in PDF file Font embedded in PDF file Font embedded in PDF file Font embedded in PDF file Result when font is not present Always present installed with Distiller Font descriptor placed in PDF file findfont error is generated Courier used Same as either ISO Latin 1 or Expert Always present findfont error is generated Courier used Cyrillic character set not supported Courier used ot supported Font descriptor placed in PDF file PostScript error generated file fails to distill indfont error Courier used indfont error Courier used Always present4 Always present4 continued Table G 7 1 Font Processing by Acrobat Distiller All Versions 324 Appendices Font Type
4. LaTeX A widely used language from Leslie Lamport commonly used to author scientific and math ematical documents Based on Donald Knuth s TeX system legacy document Proprietary archived documents lossless compression technique that removes redundant A compression bits of information without affect ing the quality of the image lossy compression A compression technique that reduces the image s quality to reduce file size The greater degree of compression the lower the quality of the image com pared to the original Lotus Notes Notes is a client server environment that enables users or clients to communicate and col 296 Glossary laborate securely over a network with a document residing on a shared computer or server LZW Lempel Ziv Welch compres sion A lossless compression scheme that compresses data with repetition of strings in the data resulting in no image quality loss macro A file commonly a text file that contains a sequence of com mands that can be executed as one command magic cookie A protocol that stores and exchanges a small string of data between client and server Netscape Navigator includes the magic cookie protocol that func tions like an identification marker The cookie can hold information such as items selected to be pur chased in a shopping cart imple mentation The information expires after a prescribed amount of time Micr
5. Opens a target PDF file to a defined page number I D Table 4 3 3 FrameMaker Hypertext to PDF Objects 1 The following FrameMaker hypertext commands are not supported alerttitle exit gotolinkfitwin message openfile message system openlinkfitwin opennew popup previouslink previouslinkfitwin quit quitall and winexec FrameMaker uses a number of other hypertext commands that perform specific tasks in the view only mode of FrameMaker These commands do not work in Acrobat although they per form actions similar to the actions found in the toolbars of Acrobat viewers Note The FrameMaker user guide Using FrameMaker has further details on creating PDF files with FrameMaker 112 Chapter 4 4 3 3 Using Adobe Illustrator Adobe Illustrator 6 0 Macintosh or Illustrator 5 5 Macintosh with the free PDF Plug in available from Adobe s Web site are PDF savvy only in their capability to open and save to the PDF file format Opening a PDF file allows editing of objects on sin gle pages of a PDF file However when saving an Illustrator file as a PDF file there are no compression options available This results in considerably larger PDF files than those converted from PostScript files by Acrobat Distiller Check Adobe s Web site at http www adobe com for information on other versions of Adobe Illustrator and which platforms that support the PDF file format Note For more compact PDF files
6. Setting the page dimensions can be accomplished by enter ing the page size of the file in pixels The default page size 612 by 792 pixels 8 1 2 x 11 inches Change these num bers to reflect the desired size of the file Setting portrait and landscape orientations editing the Example ps script 1 Make the line active as Distiller loads which applies the changes in the active lines to Distiller s job options To make the line active simply remove the from the line This is true of all other lines in the script The Example ps file has no active lines by default Set the page orientation by entering the page size of the file in pixels width by height Portrait orientation is 612 by 792 pixels 8 5 x 11 inches Reverse the number s order to change to landscape orientation Hence 792 by 612 pixels gives is the same size sheet of the standard page size orient ed as landscape or 11 x 8 1 2 Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins Acrobat plug ins extend the PDF file format automate the addi tion of navigational and interactive objects and modifications 330 Appendices made to PDF files or allow access to files other than PDF files for use within an Acrobat viewer Most plug ins are for Exchange though some like the Weblink or Movie Plug ins work with Acrobat Reader Other enhancements which could include QuarkXPress XTensions filters macros plug ins etc can extend the capabili ties of
7. Weblink enables publishers to embed a Universal Resource Locator URL within a PDF file thereby allowing users to con nect to any other supported file type on the World Wide Web from an Acrobat document Weblink works with a user s Web browser to communicate across the Internet The Weblink Plug in and Exchange are an essential tools for Web publishers The Weblink plug in is required for users to view PDF files within a Web browser via a plug in ActiveX or other interapplication communications or as a helper application as with earlier ver sion of the Acrobat Reader Weblink is included in the retail versions of Acrobat 3 0 soft ware with the free Acrobat Reader version 2 1 and later and may be downloaded for free from Adobe s Web site at http www adobe com All versions of the free Acrobat Reader 2 1 support the capability to follow connections created by Weblink Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins 333 EWH Macintosh Windows UNIX The retail version of Adobe Acrobat 3 0 and the free Adobe Acrobat Reader 3 0 includes the External Window Handler EWH plug in EWH implements the Acrobat viewer s IAC interface and is not compatible with earlier versions of Adobe Acrobat e g 2 1 2 0 or 1 0 EWH makes it possible for the Ac robat viewer to render PDF files in multiple windows from one or more calling applications like Web browsers Import Macintosh Windows UNIX This Plug in allows Exchange users to
8. Appendix B Internet Searching and Indexing 307 B 4 B 5 Fulcrum Technologies Inc SurfBoard Fulcrum s SurfBoard supports the full text searching of PDF documents with Boolean search operators phrase searching date ranges wild cards root word stemming and includes enhanced thesaurus support Additionally Fulcrum s Search Objects enables users to save queries as bookmarks for later use SurfBoard is compatible with popular Web browsers and sup ports any CGI compatible Web server running Windows NT Fulcrum Technologies Inc 785 Carling Ave Ottawa Canada K1S 5H4 Telephone 613 238 1761 Fax 613 238 7695 http www fulcrum com Open Text Corporation Livelink Search Open Text s Livelink Search is based on the same software used by the Open Text index on the World Wide Web use Open text at http www opentext com Livelink Search can index PDF files and other common integrated file formats including HTML SGML and around 40 other popular office file formats This server based indexing software works with a standard HTTP daemon The search engine supports full Boolean prox imity and similarity searching as well as full phrases with no 308 Appendices B 6 stop words The search query can be configured by the user for specific elements of the document and assign relative weights to search terms Livelink Search is available for Windows NT Sun Solaris and Sun OS HP UX
9. EE EEE EEE EEE eo Table 7 1 2 GoTo View Options 1 The Go To View action can be set to common magnification percentages from the Magnification menu or to custom magnifications by selecting the Custom option at the bottom of the Magnification pop up menu Setting the Go To View Action to change magnification of the present page The capability to zoom in on text and graphics is an option no Web browser supports Use the Go To View action to enlarge or reduce text graphics images or areas on the page The action can emphasize or call attention to specific areas of the page or simply be used to increase legibility Alternatively create Articles for larger areas of text rather than using the Go To View action to magnify text Note Zooming in on an image requires that an image redraw which may take several seconds with a high resolution image or on Actions 167 7 1 3 slow processor machines If the image is being viewed in a Web browser it need not be downloaded again to be viewed at higher magnifications Setting the Go To View action to change pages and magnifica tions optional Setting Go To View actions which open other pages provides an alternative to Acrobat s linear toolbar navigation This allows Web publishers to set context related links such as hypertext found in Web documents The Go To View action used with links or bookmarks can create a document interface that allows use
10. TrueType for Windows Macintosh TrueType Macintosh TrueType Symbolic Macintosh bitmapped PCL bitmap PCL outline Result when font is present Depending on driver setup and font size the PostScript driver m Substitutes a Type 1 font which is handled as shown above m Uses TrueType outlines to create a syn thetic Type 1 font which is handled as shown above Do not use this option m Uses TrueType outlines to create a bit mapped Type 3 font which is embed ded PostScript driver either creates a synthetic Type 1 font or downloads a TrueType ras erizer in PostScript language file in either case the font descriptor for the synthetic font is placed in the PDF file Driver uses TrueType character outlines to create a synthetic Type 1 font the syn hetic Type 1 font is embedded in the PDF file PostScript driver uses character bitmaps o create a bitmapped Type 3 font Type 3 ont is embedded in the PDF file When a PostScript printer is the active printer Windows substitutes TrueType onts for PCL fonts see Windows TrueType When a PostScript printer is the active printer Windows substitutes TrueType fonts for PCL fonts see Windows TrueType Result when font is not present Synthetic Type 1 and bitmapped Type 3 font are always present embedded in Post Script language file When the Type 1 font substituted for a TrueType font is not present it is handled as shown
11. m Whether a font that is referenced but not embedded in a PostScript language file is available to the Distiller m Whether the font is an Adobe font m Whether the font uses the ISO Latin 1 character set or m Whether the Distiller has been set up always to embed or never embed the font Depending on previously cited scenarios the Distiller will han dle a Type 1 font in one of three ways m Embed the font in the PDF file m Place a font descriptor for the font in the PDF file or m Report a findfont error and use Courier for the font When the Distiller embeds a Type 1 font in a PDF file the font is available to Acrobat viewers for display and print purposes The advantage to embedding a font in a PDF file is that the font is always available to Acrobat viewers The disadvantage is that the file is larger A typical Type 1 font is about 40 kilobytes in size A font descriptor includes the font name and information such as whether the font is serif or sans serif or italic and the width of the vertical stems in characters When Distiller places a font descriptor in a PDF file Acrobat viewers can use the font if it is 322 Appendices G 4 G 5 available on the viewing system When the font is not available on the viewing system the Adobe Type Manager ATM program uses the information in the font descriptor to create a substitute font with characters that look like the original font characters How Distil
12. using the Capture Plug in to import images into PDF files For consistent Web hypertext design text may be either in a cre ator application as the document is being designed or styled later in Exchange using the Touch Up Plug in Add an invisible link over the hypertext The styled text and invisible link combi nation results in the same functionality of hypertext found in HTML documents Bookmarks PDF bookmarks which often function like an electronic table of contents are words or phrases that can perform any of the inter active and navigational actions of the PDF file In a PDF file when Document view is set to Bookmarks and Page view book marks appear in a user resizable margin left of the Document window which is called the Overview window In Exchange bookmarks can be created by selecting text and choosing Document gt New Bookmark for Acrobat 3 0 or later The selected text is used as the bookmark text Alternatively bookmarks can be created manually by copying and pasting text from the document into the newly created bookmark Select the text choose Document gt New Bookmark and then paste in the Bookmarks 191 7 5 1 text Plug ins can automate the creation of bookmarks as the PostScript file is converted to a PDF file or later within Acrobat Exchange Compose xTools and other third party plug ins can be used with Exchange to generate bookmarks Go To View is the bookmark s default action
13. Certain functions of this digital document have been secured to protect copyright the ability to copy text and graphics Quick Start Clicking on any of the links below to the left will take you to that section of the book Use the direct links once you become familiar with the book s contents Clicking on any of the links below to the right will take you to this document s last page where a duplicate but much longer home page is repeated with in depth links into the book Ch1 cho lt 4 gt About this book Ch2 Ch 10 Ch3 Glossary Table of Contents Cch4 Appendix chs Index How to Use this Digital Book Ch6 TOC Ch7 Aa gt Where to Purchase the Paper Edition chs Home Page A Copyright 1996 Adobe Systems Incorporated All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the prior writ ten permission of the publisher Published by Adobe Press Adobe Systems Incorporated Paper Edition ISBN 1 56830 300 9 Library of Congress Catalog No 96 77066 PDF HTML First Digital Mastering September 1996 Digital Design and Interface Patrick Ames Introduction Adobe Acrobat software helps you create content for the Internet that is compact graphically rich interactive intuitively navigable and easy to publish Portable Document Format PDF publishing on the Internet
14. Other Resources While this book aims to answer most questions about Internet publishing with Acrobat as a publisher s need for customized solutions or curiosity grows other Acrobat and publishing resources will prove useful in expanding a publisher s knowledge Included are a number of other books on Acrobat useful World Wide Web sites Usenet or email discussion groups specific to PDF and additional resources for information on Acrobat and related technologies PDF PDF Adobe Acrobat and the Portable Document Format This chapter introduces Adobe s Acrobat software which can be used to view cre ate author and index PDF files Internet publishers may feel they do not need to concern themselves with all the Acrobat tools however a firm knowledge of the capabilities of Acrobat tools applications utilities and plug ins will assist them in content development A publisher well grounded in content development will be more effective in the delivery of that content This chapter provides a context for the development and delivery of content by presenting the following informa tion about Acrobat and PDF files m The Internet specific capabilities and recommended uses of all the Adobe Acrobat software is outlined For Internet publishing some features of Acrobat can be more suitable than others By defining the categories of Acrobat applications and identifying the differences between members of the same category Internet p
15. and text or any combination of the three This can be done with HTML files but each element of the HTML file must be tagged with the same URL A PDF file s device and resolution independent output to printers is much cleaner and more effi cient than most HTML files Acrobat 3 0 adds enhancements that produce professional quality results from PDF files previously attainable only with PostScript files Acrobat 3 0 PDF files also can receive data from a server and fill in the form s fields with the downloaded data Finally PDF files can be individually encrypt ed HTML files are secured at the server level where PDF files can be locked not at the file level The security options for PDF files include several methods to limit user actions see Section 7 11 PDF Security Options when interacting with the file PDF or HTML by Design Attributes PDF files support all print design attributes generated by popu lar publishing applications HTML files support only some of these attributes but have a set of HTML specific and sometimes 76 Chapter 3 Best with HTML Both Work Well Best with PDF Server side and environment Links to URLs URLs place links over both text information and graphics Server push animation mailto links Document based security client level addition Index service PDF HTML and CGls imagemaps URL ovie and sound playback other formats redirection and form processing Database connecti
16. the Web browser responds appropriately by launching another in line viewer e g Acrobat 3 0 viewers or a helper application defined in most Web browser s preferences or the Web browsers reads the file directly into its document win dow as Web browser do with HTML text and GIFs Setting World Wide Web Links actions to optimized byte served PDF files On most Web servers enabling Acrobat 3 0 optimized PDF files to download a page at a time and progressively render in a Web browser s document window requires that the byteserver script be reflected in the World Wide Web Link s URL Most servers store the script in the cgi bin directory For more information about installing the CGI script see Installing the Byteserver Script under Section 8 2 2 Serving PDF Pages on Demand 178 Chapter 7 World Wide Web Link Configuration http www adobe com cgi Web browser and Acrobat bin byteserver TechNotes Reader 3 0 1404 pdf http www adobe com Web browser and Acrobat TechNotes 1404 pdf Reader 2 1 or earlier http www emrg com Web browser only pdf_sw html ftp ftp adobe com Web browser only Action Downloads the PDF file loads the Acrobat viewer to handle the PDF infor mation and progressively renders text graphics images and fonts on the first page of the PDF file in the browser s document window Downloads the PDF file and then launch es the Acrobat Reader or other Acrobat vie
17. 628 5737 The most up to date phone numbers for support can be found at http www adobe com aboutadobe phones html 278 Chapter 10 10 2 1 10 2 2 Users of third party products that either support the PDF file format directly or are used to generate a PostScript file which is then distilled into a PDF file should consult the software manu facturer for technical support A number of Internet listservs and Usenet newsgroups focus on PDF specifically as well as many of the related software programs used to create PDF documents Other organizations have created sites on the Internet that provide information on plug ins PDF translators and viewers and documents and databases that con tain frequently asked questions or FAQs posted by users Application and Technical Notes To supplement the information contained here consult the appli cation and technical notes from Adobe at the following URLs m http www adobe com studio tipstechniques m http www adobe com supportservice devrelations devtechnotes html m http www adobe com acrobat gethelp html Developer Support Adobe s Support Group produces distributes and supports soft ware development kits SDKs for Adobe products including Acrobat Members of the Adobe Developers Association ADA can purchase the Acrobat SDK which includes support De veloper support also conducts a developer class for Acrobat developers For further informati
18. AIX SGI and DEC OSF1 Open Text Corporation 180 Columbia Street W Suite 2110 Waterloo ON N2L 3L3 Canada Telephone 519 888 9910 Fax 519 888 0677 info opentext com http www opentext com Personal Library Software PL Web PL Web supports the searching of PDF files and other common Internet file types with natural language and Boolean queries relevance ranking of search results and dynamic discovery PL Web is available for Sun Solaris HP PA RISC HP VX IBM RS 6000 IBM AIX SGI IRIX and Digital Alpha OSF 1 PDF files are supported on HP and Sun platforms only Personal Library Software 2400 Research Blvd Suite 350 Rockville MD 20850 Telephone 301 990 1155 info pls com http www pls com Appendix B Internet Searching and Indexing 309 B 7 Verity Inc Topic Internet Server The Topic Internet server uses Verity s Topic architecture which allows users to create queries using concept based topics Boolean proximity and field operators fuzzy logic weighted terms and more Topic also supports find similar requests In addition to the Internet the Topic Internet server can be used to create indices and to retrieve documents on file systems CD ROMs databases and local networks Catalogs created by the Topic Internet Server are in a standard Topic collection which are compatible with other collections including catalogs creat ed by Acrobat Catalog This standard cat
19. Form fields can have one or more actions associated with mouse location Button labels can change label and icon when clicked Form fields can have colored borders Form fields can have colored backgrounds Form field buttons and text can be set to a custom color Form field buttons can have custom highlight options Form field buttons and text can be set to a font Form fields and but ons can be set so hey don t print PDF Forms Yes Form data can be sent as either Forms Data Format FDF files or URL encoded HTML forms Yes PDF forms can be populated with FDF form data This can be in response to a user s action or simply to populate the form with default form data Yes Form fields can perform actions when a user s mouse enters a field leaves a field or when the user clicks down on a field and releases the mouse button Additional form field actions are described in Section 7 6 6 Form Field Actions Yes A form field button can have two states 1 a text label and icon when dor mant and 2 another text label and icon when clicked down optional Yes PDF form field can have a custom colored border A form s border also can have width and style Yes Yes Yes They can be depressed inverted out lined or have no visible action when clicked Yes Only the base 14 fonts Yes HTML Forms Yes Data can only be sent as URL encoded HTML forms O
20. Optimization also reduces the size of the PDF file by removing redundant graphics and images When the image or graphic is displayed again in another page or by returning to the page orig inally viewed both rendering and downloading speeds are increased because the image or graphic already has been read and stored for quick access Use HTML for navigation and for short excerpts of information Use PDF for graphically rich content and for longer pieces or publications that are intended to be downloaded and saved or printed The combination of PDF and HTML enables Internet publishers to serve content in its most usable file format accord ing to the demands of the content not the technology With HTML PDF and other file formats integrated within a user s browser publishers are free to use file formats other than HTML for publishing projects PDF File Sizes and Page on Demand Download Times Progressive rendering enabled through byte request enabled servers and optimized PDF files makes the page contents of even large PDF files 1M and more display quickly While the user is viewing the page subsequent pages of the PDF file in sequential order are downloaded When the user moves to the next page it may be completely downloaded and appear instantly Strengths of PDF as an Internet Publishable File Format 37 Web Server Optimized Byte serving PDF File CGI Script D 9 AN 4th As Needed Interactive and Page I
21. Platform Macintosh and Windows Macintosh and Windows Macintosh and Windows Solution Disable Thumbnails when creating a PDF file of a book publica tion Alternatively leave the First Page Only option selected in the Thumbnails pop up menu in the Distiller PDF Job Options dialog box to enable the Create Adobe PDF Plug in to create a thumb nail for the first page of each book publication More information is available from the Adobe FaxYI 116104 The PageMaker 6 0 publication that created the PDF files con tains blank pages Select the Print Blank Pages option in the document Print dialog box for the printer style that is being used to create the PDF file and then recreate the PDF by using the updated printer style More information is available from the Adobe FaxYI 116310 Ensure that all pages in the Microsoft Word 6 0 file are the same orientation before creating a PDF file with either PDF Writer or when printing to disk as a PostScript file for use with Distiller More information is available from the Adobe FaxY1 4491 Table 9 2 1 continued Troubleshooting for Adobe Illustrator Adobe PageMaker and Microsoft Word 1 Thanks to Gary Cosmini Adobe Systems Inc 262 Chapter 9 9 3 Files with Acrobat Distiller Troubleshooting the Conversion of PostScript Converting PostScript files to PDF files is usually quick and sim ple However certain creator applications printer drivers
22. Select a movie file using a relative URL The file must be located somewhere on a local hard drive or net work node for selection It is best to keep the movie file in the same directory or a lower directory that remains on the same local drive CD ROM or Internet as the PDF file that will play it back After the source media file is set only the movie s prefer ences may be changed To replace the media file with a new movie or sound the movie must be deleted and a new movie added in order to reselect a media source file Note With the popularity of hybrid integrated CD ROM Web sites be sure to save the movie file on the CD ROM at the same level in the directory structure as the PDF file which may be either on the Web server or CD ROM The movie s relative link action will search for the locally mounted movie file first Then try to locate the file on the server if it cannot be found Setting a World Wide Web Link action from a PDF file to a movie file will not open the movie in the PDF file Instead it will pass off the action to the Web browser that will respond appropriately most likely launching a helper application to play back the movie Selecting a movie file flattens the data in the media file for cross platform playback A flattened movie combines all the data required to play the file into the data fork thus enabling playback on either a Macintosh or a PC running Windows When the 170 Chapter 7 Mo
23. Text in a note can have a maximum of 65 535 characters Notes can be placed anywhere in the document or off the page entirely When saving a document in Acrobat Exchange the open or closed status of a note is preserved regardless of the Acrobat viewer used to open the document 7 10 2 Note Size Text in the body of a note and the title of the note are not com pressed This results in a nominal increase in file size Title Color Body Text Size in bytes Untitled Custom None 292 Untitled Custom How razorback jumping frogs 354 can level six piqued gymnasts Table 7 10 1 Note Sizes Looks like the yellow note color of the popular sticky notes 222 Chapter 7 7 10 3 Note Preferences Change note preferences to assign a particular style to a note These preferences include a default note label body text font point size and note color Item Default Options Label Blank or user name Any text maximum 31 characters Note color Custom Eight built in2 custom colors with color picker Body text font Helvetica Fourteen base Acrobat fonts and fonts Body text point size embedded in the document 10 Any point size between 8 and 24 points 1 Matches yellow note color of the popular sticky notes 2 Colors are black white red green blue cyan magenta and yellow 3 Choosing a font that is not embedded in the PDF document means Helvetica will be substitu
24. Windows UNIX The Optimizer Plug in facilitates progressive rendering of PDF pages downloaded or downloading from Web servers and reduces the file sizes of most PDF files by removing redundant text images and line art For more information on optimization see Section 7 14 Optimizing PDF Files for the World Wide Web Optimization of PDF files is central to the technology which makes PDF files viewable in Acrobat 3 0 savvy Web browsers and is therefore essential for Web publishing with Acrobat AcroForm Macintosh Windows The Acrobat Forms plug in allows publishers to create edit fill in and print common form field types The free Acrobat Reader can be used with the plug in to fill in print and submit forms Dynamic actions can be assigned based on when a user s cursor enters or exits a field or when the mouse button is up or down Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins 335 Form data can be received from a Web server to update a form and its appearance dynamically without resending the entire form Access Windows The Access plug in allows the blind and vision impaired cus tomers to view PDF files in a separate Access View window compatible with most Windows screen reading programs Additionally Access exports PDF files to HTML 2 0 and format ted ASCII files Movie Macintosh Windows With Movie Internet publishers can incorporate multimedia objects including QuickTime and AVI video and audio files i
25. and there are no restrictions on raster image size or resolution Prepare supports automatic file type detection batch processing drawing merge and assembly and vector to raster conversion Available in Windows and UNIX versions 15220 N W Greenbrier Pkwy Beaverton OR 97006 Tel 503 690 2500 Fax 503 531 0401 Sys Print Inc Sys Print Sys Print software produces PDF files complete with bookmarks and links from report generated output such as mainframe sys out data Sys Print enables large amounts of data to be stored retrieved and searched quickly and easily onscreen The software allows for fine control of output format through job specs and FCB parameters MIS departments can benefit from this simple revolutionary method to route information throughout a company Since this information is distributed in PDF the original presentation of each page is retained complete with graphics and text In addition Sys Print software uses PDF to reduce file size 4151 Memorial Drive Suite 111 D Decatur GA 30032 Tel 404 296 7812 fin m PDF PDF Index A books 272 276 absolute URLs 170 periodicals 282 283 Access plug in 335 technical support 277 278 Acrobat Web sites and Internet discus Capture 23 B0 740 190 sion lists Z77282 Catalog 27 9 Software Development Kit SDK compatibility backward and for BI ward 59 0 software for availability 45 file and file format See PDF PDF f
26. attributes The Don t Print attribute does not affect the submis sion of the form to a server s script or application and it enables users to view and interact with form fields normally Thumbnails Thumbnails are miniature representations of the pages in a PDF file When Page and Thumbnail view is selected in any Acrobat viewer thumbnails appear in the left most margin the overview 216 Chapter 7 7 8 1 7 8 2 window of the Acrobat document window where bookmarks are displayed when in Bookmark and Page view Thumbnails open directly to the page they represent This is not an action and cannot be configured nor can it be deactivated A user may open to a magnification of the page by clicking and sizing a boundary within the thumbnail of the destination page The destination page then opens to the relative magnification of the boundary drawn by the user in the thumbnail Thumbnail Appearance Thumbnails are colored anti aliased images proportionate to the dimensions of the page the thumbnail represents Thumbnails cannot be scaled although the margin where thumbnails are viewed can be enlarged or reduced If thumbnails have not been created for a document a gray box proportionate to the page the thumbnail represents is displayed These unrendered thumbnails have the same functionality of a fully rendered thumbnail Thumbnail Sizes For Internet publishing the defacto rule for thumbnails is
27. esting options for dynamic generation see Section 8 13 Dynamic PDF Note Only PDF files allow users to print and see information with in form fields See Section 7 6 Forms for more information on creating forms within PDF files PDF or HTML by Document Activity and Items PDF and HTML files allow users to navigate and interact with content through objects which include hypertext buttons and form fields HTML and PDF files share some user controllable actions while each format supports a suite of other features spe cific to its file format Based on how a document is used either the HTML or PDF file format or perhaps both works best Best with HTML HTML supports a number of areas including meta tags and 74 Chapter 3 Best with HTML Both Work Well Best with PDF Email2 Basic specification sheets and ewsletters data represented graphically Memos Web home pages agazines Basic letters Order forms Posters Simple reports Annual reports Miscellaneous text based Brochures flyers advertisements documents books 1 The identified document types are common names for print documents plus the home page There are a number of document types not included in the list and Internet publishing will likely give birth to other types of documents as it did with the home page Use the document types as a general guide basing con tent and design format on a document s structure layout use online off
28. for pricing of Trapeze Live and other enhancements for Acrobat software that enable audio and video conference capabilities An important and useful plug in for document conferencing over the Internet and intranet All parties in the conference must have the plug in Trapeze Live for viewing and Trapeze File Exchange for exchanging files 105 Locust Street Santa Cruz CA 95060 Tel 800 747 9060 408 459 9060 Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins 341 Fax 408 426 3859 sales crosswise com for sales information http www crosswise com CompuServe GO CROSSWISE AppleLink Crosswise or see Crosswise in the Third Parties Folder DigiDox Inc DigiDox The DigiDox toolkit includes database applications and a suite of Adobe Acrobat plug ins that provide users with turnkey solutions for creating distributing and maintaining a library of collateral documents DigiDox plug ins for Acrobat enable in cremental updating of remote PDF files custom link actions and more DigiDox tools and services can be scaled to provide affordable solutions for small departmental applications such as fax data bases for customer service as well as company wide literature collections Call DigiDox for pricing information and platform availability 6870 60th Street SE Grand Rapids MI 49512 Tel 616 554 2149 Fax 616 554 9676 digidox aol com 342 Appendices Software Partners Inc Aerial Macintosh Win
29. is the default of glyphs are used in a PDF file the font is subset if more than the defined percentage is used the entire font is embedded In previous ver sions of Acrobat Distiller versions 1 0 to 2 1 if more than 10 of a font s glyphs were used the entire font not a subset of the font was embedded in the PDF file This option can be con trolled by setting the option in the startup script Distiller s Advanced Job Options The advanced job options extend a number of features that are useful for publishers who use PDF as a file format for print pub lication rather than as a publishing file format for the Internet Distiller s default advanced job options produce PDF files that are more than suitable for the Internet and in most cases suit able for most print servers which may or may not be Internet based Note These options are best suited for print publishing and are thoroughly covered in Choosing Advanced Options settings in the Distiller 3 0 Online Guide Refer to the Online Guide for more information 134 Chapter 5 Job Option Best for the Internet Distill with prologure ps epilogue psd Depends if PostScript file has a PostScript prologue or epilogue This option which requires some knowledge of the PostScript language can process two or more PostScript files into a single PDF file insert watermarks create global links and more Convert CMYK Images to RGB Checked on Converting CMY
30. method of saving files to a local hard drive For most Web browsers this is accomplished by the Save Link As option PDF file pages downloaded on demand are cached and viewable only in the Web browser s document window These cached pages cannot be opened directly within an Acrobat viewer Optimizing PDF for Web Browser Viewing The cooperation between an Acrobat viewer and a Web browser represents the client side of Acrobat 3 0 Any PDF file on any Internet server can be viewed with an Acrobat compatible Web browser however only optimized PDF files served by Web servers that serve byte ranges can progressively render each page as it downloads page by page within an Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browser Use Acrobat Exchange to optimize PDF files see Section 7 14 Optimizing PDF Files for the World Wide Web Optimization orders and identifies all the elements text images interactive features etc within a PDF file This means that the Web server locates and sends only the requested pages one page at a time for the user to view rather than the whole doc ument In addition optimization facilitates progressive render 36 Chapter 2 ing of page elements as the page downloads Progressive render ing first displays text then graphics then interactive and naviga tional objects which can include links bookmarks buttons notes and more then images and finally the true fonts and thumbnails as needed
31. or are planning to support the full text searching of PDF files via indexing searching and file management software running on a Web server Backward and Forward Compatibility of Viewers and Files All versions of Acrobat viewers and PDF files are backward com patible Some viewers depending on the PDF file version are forward compatible This backward and forward compatibility enables older PDF files to be displayed in new viewers or some older Acrobat viewers to display new PDF files with the excep tion of Acrobat 3 0 generated files Acrobat 3 0 supports the Portable Document Format versions 1 0 1 1 and 1 2 Features native to PDF version 1 2 and Acrobat 3 0 e g compressed fonts overprint settings halftones and transfer functions are not compatible with Acrobat 2 1 and ear 40 Chapter 2 2 3 6 lier versions See the Acrobat 3 0 2 1 compatibility chart in the Distiller 3 0 Online Guide for information on feature compati bility with previous versions of Acrobat software products Interactivity and Linking PDF documents share many of the same types of interactive fea tures found in HTML documents and multimedia applications PDE like HTML allows the basic level of interactivity common lower level branching to other URLs through hyperlinks or con text based links called hypertext PDF also has several content structures such as bookmarks magnification zooms article threads and notes
32. posted to the Internet Due to the compression supported by PDE the files created with Image Alchemy may be substantially smaller than the originals saving valuable storage space Image Alchemy also has a wide range of image transfer features such as colorspace conversion and palette generation Available 358 Appendices K 8 K 9 for personal computers and workstations 488 Kato Road Suite 110 Fremont CA 94538 Tel 510 252 0101 GenText Inc Meta2PDF Meta2PDF runs on a mainframe workstation or PC to convert Xerox Metacode into PDF files Meta2PDF accepts Xerox Metacode and line data conditioned with DJDEs It supports both external and embedded objects such as IMGs and FRMS Fonts are supported by using a correlation table that maps the Xerox fonts to PostScript language fonts The correlation table can be tailored to handle customized fonts Meta2PDF also han dles color 9400 N Central Expressway Suite 1640 LB 147 Dallas TX 75231 5045 Tel 214 691 0300 Fax 214 691 0789 gentext metronet com Rosetta Technologies Inc Prepare Prepare is a data conversion tool that supports a wide range of stan dard graphics and data exchange formats Standard data in TIFF MIL R C4 Sun Raster HP GL CGM IGES DXF and Adobe PostScript language formats now can be converted to PDF files Appendix K Converting Other File Types to PDF 359 K 10 File processing supports multi page documents
33. text usually without columns or custom formatting with images and graphics placed strategically throughout the docu ment e g lines to separate sections company letterhead logos product illustrations etc Both the design requirements and the organizational structure of these documents are best supported by the design features afforded HTML files Both HTML and PDF work well Documents that require portions of the information in the docu ment to be represented graphically work well as either HTML or PDF files Additionally both HTML and PDF files support inter active objects like user fillable forms and navigational objects like Content Development Strategies 73 3 2 4 hypertext Home pages with no defined structure and varied designs work well as either PDF or HTML files however with PDF files users must be able to view PDF files within their Web browser See Section 8 5 Serving PDF Files as Home Pages Graphical data can be represented by using HTML tables for spreadsheets and tables or as GIF files for spreadsheets tables charts and figures or the entire document including tables charts graphs etc can be published as a PDF file For data gen erated on the fly e g up to date stock data graphs based on user input and other content or time sensitive information HTML offers the greatest amount of flexibility and software solutions to generate this data however PDF offers some inter
34. the Portable Document Format Reference Manual in Section 10 1 2 Portable Document Format Reference Designing a document suitable for print and electronic media requires careful planning to maximize the capabilities of both media without limiting those of either media Professional printing issues such as color separations trapping and resolu tion are not as important to electronic publications as file size interactivity and portability Acrobat Distiller aids in the conver sion of a file designed for print use to electronic use by down sampling images compressing images and compressing or embedding fonts as it converts the file to a PDF file Use Acrobat Exchange to further modify the converted PDF file and author interactive and navigational objects before publishing it on the Internet 54 Chapter 3 Note Some creator applications i e Adobe PageMaker have a feature that enables publishers to assign a file print format resolu tion page size use of color etc for print based publishing and another for electronic publishing The following table outlines many of the required attributes and the best Acrobat solutions for concurrently published PDF files This table builds on the four basic parameters for repurposing content identified earlier in Table 3 1 1 Common Physical Page Design Modifications for Web Publishing Print Requirements Web Requirements Acrobat Solution
35. the color matching or management software used by the system on which the PDF file is being viewed the image itself or a combination of any or all three possible causes To troubleshoot the color saturation prob lem reconvert the PostScript file by using device independent color matching one of Distiller s advanced job options Also try viewing the troublesome PDF document on other platforms that use other color matching systems a Macintosh using ColorSync for example Also try viewing the file with the MonitorSetup plug in see Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins for more informa tion about the MonitorSetup Plug in Checking Image Clarity Overcompressed low quality images exhibit color banding large areas of blotchy color and other image artifacts If the image lacks the required quality for onscreen display convert the PostScript file again but use a higher quality level a lower level of compression Also use Distiller s default 600 dpi default res olution for images and other resolution dependent objects If 600 dpi yields unsatisfactory results when printed consider increasing this resolution 148 Chapter 6 Symptom Color bands Color blotches Lost pixels Solution The resolution of the image is too low as a result of downsampling Increase the resolution incrementally until the banding is less pronounced High lossy compression exhibits artifacts from the compression elimination of data
36. this reference creator applications creator application are used to design author edit or otherwise manipulate files specifi cally for preparing for conversion to a PDF file The reduction of the number of dots per inch of an downsample image which results in lower reso lution dpi dots per inch Resolution mea sured as the number of pixels that can fit within an inch of space on printers scanners and other input or output devices embedded fonts font s information width height Inclusion of the stroke and other information EPS Encapsulated PostScript file An implementation of the Post Script language that enables a Post Script language object to be transported as a whole and inserted in other non PostScript docu ments File Transfer Protocol FTP A client server network structure that enables the transfer of files across 294 Glossary the Internet Users may access file directories for downloading or uploading files to a server font Measured in point sizes fonts are the discrete styles of various glyphs which include common alphanumerical glyphs e g letters and numbers and symbol glyphs e g equations and scientific sym bols font subsets Font data capable of displaying only particular alphanu meric glyphs and not the entire glyph set of the typeface or font Forms Data Format FDF Portable form data that may be imported into Acrobat viewe
37. 3 1 Using PDF Files on On Demand Print Servers Bi 3 3 2 Using PDF onan Intranet 82 3 3 3 Using PDF on an Image Archive Server 83 382 Contents 4 Designing Content for the Internet 85 41 Designing PDF Documents for the Web 87 4 1 1 Selecting Page Dimensions 88 4 1 2 Navigational Design 04 4 1 3 Selecting Fonts 08 4 1 4 Adding Form Fields 102 4 1 5 Reusing Graphics and Images 103 42 Choosing Creator Applications 104 43 PDF Savvy Creator Applications 105 4 3 1 Using Adobe PageMaker 6 0 5 0 106 4 3 2 Using Adobe FrameMaker 5 0 Tog 4 3 3 Using Adobe Illustrator 112 4 3 4 Using QuarkXPress TTA 4 3 5 Using Corel Ventura Publisher 113 4 3 6 Using Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel 114 5 Converting PostScript Files to PDF Files 117 5 1 Generating PostScript Files 119 5 1 1 The PostScript Printer Driver 119 5 1 2 Selecting the Distiller PostScript Printer Description 120 PPD File Contents 383 5 1 3 Printing a PostScript Language File to Disk 120 52 Using Acrobat Distiller 122 5 2 1 Distiller s General Job Options 124 5 2 2 Distillers Compression Job Options T24 5 2 3 Distiller s Font Embedding Job Options n31h 5 24 Distiller s Advanced Job Options 133 5 2 5 Naming the PDF File 134 6 Fine Tuning PDF Documents 137 6 1 PDF File Evaluation 139 6 1 1 File Size and Approximate Per Page Download and 140 Rendering Times 6 1 2 Page Count Aea 6 1 3 Thumbnails 43 6 1 4 Document Information 143
38. 4 2 Usenet 281 10 4 3 Acrobat Frequently Asked Questions FAQ 282 105 Acrobat Periodicals 282 10 5 1 Acrobatics 283 10 5 2 Acropolis 283 10 5 3 Acrobat in Academia 283 106 Acrobat Compatible Viewer and Converter 283 Applications 10 6 1 Zeon Corporation s DocuComp PDF Viewers and 284 Producers 10 6 2 GhostScript 2851 Contents 391 10 6 3 xpdf 288 10 6 4 Other Sites of Interest 288 107 PDF File Applications Utilities and Application 289 Specific Plug ins 10 7 1 Adobe Fetch PDF Plug in 285 10 7 2 Illustrator 5 5 PDF Plug in 285 10 7 3 PDF2PS Jgd 10 7 4 EPS Links Files 285 10 7 5 Gymnast 290 10 7 6 PDF Type Utility 290 10 7 7 Tumbler 290 Glossary 291 Appendices 301 A Appendix A Web Server Software 302 B Appendix B Internet Searching and Indexing 304 Software c Appendix C The Forms Data Format BiT D Appendix D Interapplication Communication and 312 Web Browsers E Appendix E Configuring QuarkXPress to Produce 314 PDF Files F Appendix F Font Copyrights 316 392 Contents G Appendix G Font Embedding Information 319 H Appendix H Setting Options in Distiller s Startup B27 Directory l Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins 329 J Appendix J Acrobat Related Creator Application 351 Plug ins K Appendix K Converting Other File Types to PDF 353 Index 363 Figures Figure 2 3 1 Figure 2 3 2 Figure 3 1 1 Figure 3 1 2 Figure 3 1 3 Tables Table 1 2 1 Table 2 1 1 Table 2 1 2 Table 2 1 3 Ta
39. Catalog The Quick Tour includes a section on Internet publishing which covers file transfer and Reader MIME type configuration issues It also details some of the earlier sites serving PDF on the Inter net 274 Chapter 10 10 1 4 Ventana Press P O Box 13964 Research Triangle Park NC 27713 3964 Telephone 919 544 9404 ISBN 1 56604 255 0 Acrobat 2 1 Your Personal Consultant By Roy Christmann This book presents technical information on the entire Acrobat 2 1 family of software Much of the book is focused on the many new features added to version 2 1 of Adobe Acrobat The book provides enough detail for the beginner to expert user An informative section describes how to use Web browsers and PDF files for Internet publishing Publishing PDF with 2 1 soft ware is much different than publishing those same files today Ziff Davis Press 5903 Christie Avenue Emeryville CA 94608 Distributed by Macmillan Computer Publishing USA 201 West 103rd Street Indianapolis IN 46290 Telephone 800 688 0448 ISBN 1 56276 336 9 Acrobat Print Resources 275 10 1 5 10 1 6 Adobe Acrobat Handbook Digital Publishing in the Post Gutenberg Era By Kenneth Grant and W David Schwaderer This PDF handbook serves as one of the most comprehensive of the technical books on PDE The focus is not on how to use the PDF file format but how to make the various PDF applications work together Specific to the Wi
40. Format is extensible and supports incre mental updating of files PDF files can be optimized for distrib ution on a particular medium such as the Web a CD ROM or a commercial online service Web PDF files are optimized to pro gressively render page elements text images fonts and objects which include links bookmarks and buttons page by page as the file downloads Furthermore plug ins can expand PDF files or add features to the applications that are used to view and enrich them The interactive and navigational objects built into PDF allow users to customize their experience with a publication These objects include the following m Links to other PDF pages application files Internet sites and media files What is the Portable Document Format 33 Bookmarks that provide links to hierarchically structured content within a document as well as several other actions m Thumbnails that display a miniature representation of each page m Article threads to allow users to follow the flow of a story which can span multiple columns and pages m Form fields that users can fill in modify and print out or submit to a server for processing Forms also can be popu lated by importing form data into the PDF file Buttons for navigation buttons are form field objects m Notes that are similar to the digital sticky notes commonly used to annotate information m Views to allow a user to magnify or reduce a pag
41. HTML Form PDF Forms LABEL PDF forms don t add labels like HTML forms Add the label as the form is designed in he creator application See Section 7 7 Form Design for more information SELECT lt SELECT gt For a PDF list box sometimes called a pop up menu select the Combo Box field ype in the Field Properties dialog box NAME n Enter the name in the Field Properties dialog box lt OPTION SELECTED gt This HTML feature is accomplished by placing the selected item at the top of the Combo Box Options list in the Field Properties dialog box lt OPTION gt The name of the items in the Combo Box PDF forms allow a separate Export Value for list items see Section 7 6 5 Export Values Table 7 6 11 HTML lt SELECT gt and PDF Form Combo Box Field Comparisons I I IES evi mt a fein E E sin am i a mh i i PDF form field combo boxes have a Sort items option that automatically sorts the list items alphabetically Additionally an Editable option allows users to edit the item selected from the pop up list These edits are temporary additions like text added to a text field and are not added as items in the pop up list HTML Form PDF Forms LABEL PDF forms don t add labels like HTML forms Add the label as the form is designed in the creator application See Section 7 7 Form Design for more information TEXTAREA lt TEXTAREA gt Select the Text field type in the Field Properties dialog box PDF
42. Internet content is discussed as well The following five points summarize the overall goals of this chapter m To effectively develop a strategy or strategies for publishing PDF files on the 47 48 Chapter 3 Internet Consider strategies that integrate HTML with PDF files that accommodate concurrent publishing on a variety of media and complement the publication of print based documents m Collect content from any number of sources and use Acrobat to refine and adapt the content for the Internet Sources include newly designed documents specific for the Internet existing electronic documents that require mini mal modifications repurposed content from other sources that require extensive design or existing legacy documents in print that require conversion to electronic files m Given the publishing strategy and content evaluate both HTML and PDF file formats in order to most effectively serve the content m With the most appropriate file format selected develop a method to serve the content to best meet the needs of the audience m Given the publishing strategy the content source and the method the selected file format will be served design the document to encourage interactivity aid navigation and facilitate general usability by the intended audience 3 1 Content Development Strategies The content strategies described herein all specific to Internet publishing with PDF files using Adobe Acrobat
43. PDF File and Server Security 253 8 11 1 Server Security Options for Protecting PDF Files 254 8 11 2 Securing Individual PDF Files on a Server 254 Contents 389 8 12 Serving Multimedia Files 255 8 13 Dynamic PDF 255 8 13 1 Dynamically Merging a PDF Template with 255 User Data 8 13 2 Creating PDF On the Fly 256 9 Troubleshooting 257 9 1 Troubleshooting Acrobat Software Installation 258 and Launching 9 2 Creator Application Specific Troubleshooting 260 9 3 Troubleshooting the Conversion of PostScript Files 262 with Acrobat Distiller 9 4 Troubleshooting Web Server Errors 263 9 4 1 Server Errors 264 9 4 2 Client Errors 264 9 5 Troubleshooting Browser Applications 266 9 6 Troubleshooting the Display and Printing of PDF 266 Documents with an Acrobat Viewer 10 Acrobat Resources 271 10 1 Acrobat Print Resources 272 10 1 1 Beyond Paper 10 1 2 Portable Document Format Reference Manual Nm TN IN INI Wide 390 Contents 10 1 3 Acrobat Quick Tour 273 10 1 4 Acrobat 2 1 Your Personal Consultant 274 10 1 5 Adobe Acrobat Handbook Digital Publishing in the 275 Post Gutenberg Era 10 1 6 Web Publishing with Adobe Acrobat and PDF 275 10 1 7 Designing Interactive Documents with Adobe 276 Acrobat Pro 102 Technical Support 277 10 2 1 Application and Technical Notes 278 10 2 2 Developer Support 278 103 PDF Related World Wide Web Sites 279 10 3 1 Adobe Systems Inc 279 104 Internet Discussion Lists 279 10 4 1 ListServs 280 10
44. PostScript Type 1 fonts include hint tables that help the fonts reproduce well even at small point sizes or low resolutions Type 3 font An outline font defini tion developed by Adobe for use with PostScript Type 3 fonts do not include hint tables Usenet Composed of newsgroups the Usenet is a world wide collec tion of discussion groups on a wide range of subject matter URL The address of resources on the World Wide Web Uniform Resource Locator Uuencode Uuencoding converts a file from binary to plain ASCII text enabling it to be sent as an attached file via email WAIS Wide Area Information Servers Commercial software that indexes and allows users to search and access large amounts of information Accessible both on small networks and the Internet XTension Add on feature enhance ments specifically for QuarkXPress Other software developers use a similar means of enhancing their software often calling these add on enhancements plug ins filters macros etc m PDF PDF Appendices The appendices include a wealth of information from relevant Adobe technical notes to lists of companies that provide Web server software designed to work with PDF files The full text of the technical notes can be found at the Adobe Web site at http www adobe com For the most complete list of third party developers who have products that function with PDF files or Adobe Acrobat software see Adobe s Acr
45. PostScript are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated Apple Macintosh and Power Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer Inc Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks and Windows NT ActiveX and Internet Explorer are trademarks of Microsoft in the U S and other countries IBM AIX and OS 2 are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation Sun and SunOS are trademarks and Solaris is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems Inc Silicon Graphics and IRIX are regis tered trademarks of Silicon Graphics Inc UNIX is a registered trademark in the United States and other countries licensed exclusively through X Open Company Ltd Netscape Navigator and Netscape are trademarks of Netscape Communications Corporation All other trademarks or registered trademarks are property of their respective owners Graphics and text design by Graham Metcalfe and Paula Shuhert HTML PDF Adobe Press books are published and distributed by Macmillan Computer Publishing PDF HTML USA For individual educational corporate or retail sales accounts call 1 800 428 5331 or 317 581 3500 For information address Macmillan Computer Publishing USA 201 West 103rd Street Indianapolis IN 46290 Macmillan s World Wide Web page URL is www mcp com Adobe Press Back to Top Adobe Press books examine the art and technology of digital communica tions Created within Adobe Systems Incorporated and published by M
46. These functions have a number of applications for Internet publishers See the table below for some sample uses Cropping Document Pages Margins and extraneous white space should be cropped to reduce the size of the page Use Exchange to crop a page several pages or all the pages in the PDF file Alternatively crop all the pages of a PDF file when converting an Encapsulated PostScript file or other page without a defined page dimension to a PDF file by modifying Distiller s default page size Acrobat 3 0 and later only All PostScript files can be cropped when they are converted to PDF files by editing Distiller s Example ps script supported by all versions of Distiller Modifying PDF Documents 157 Action Insert page s Delete page s Extract page s Replace page s Internet Publishing Application Adding pages from one PDF file into another creates composite PDF files Potentially this function could be used to create one single PDF file for an entire Web site from other PDF file content sources Removing outdated extraneous or incorrect content pages keeps the content current and correct Extracting pages is a useful way to reduce the overall file size of larger multi page docu ments especially when the PDF files are served on Gopher FTP and other servers where progressive rendering and page on demand downloading is not available 4 Use the Go To File or World Wide Web Link actions to connect
47. When created the bookmark s Go To View action is automatically set to the page and its magnification Another action can be set or reset by selecting a single bookmark and choosing Edit gt Properties Reset a destination for a bookmark both magnification and page by selecting the bookmark and choosing Edit gt Properties to select another action Alternatively a page can be set as an example of the new destination by selecting the bookmark clicking the bookmark icon only and choosing Document gt Reset Bookmark Destination Bookmark Appearance Bookmarks appear as a page icon with a dog eared left corner and a word to paraphrase text Hierarchically bookmarks that have subservient bookmarks appear with an arrow left of the page icon Nested hierarchical bookmarks like the structure of an outline can be expanded or collapsed by the user Hierarchically nested bookmarks are identified by an arrow that appears to the left of the bookmark s icon and text When expanded the arrow points down to display all subordinate bookmarks When collapsed the arrow points to the left and dis plays only the title text of the superior bookmark In an Adobe Acrobat viewer bookmark text appears in black 12 point Helvetica type Bookmarks have a maximum length of 192 Chapter 7 65 535 characters A length of 32 characters is advisable so that the bookmark can be read easily in the Acrobat viewer without expanding
48. When printing users may select the Shrink to Fit option that reduces and if necessary rotates oversized pages to fit on the paper size currently installed in the target printer Shrink to Fit is always available directly within an Acrobat browser However if a PDF file is printed from within a Web browser it may or may not have the Shrink to Fit option depending on the capabilities of the selected print driver If a PDF file s page size is smaller than the target printer s page size PostScript printer users and those who have printers that support n up printing may take advantage of the unused page s real estate 94 Chapter 4 by printing several of the PDF file s pages on a single printed sheet This is called n up printing Because screen font sizes are character istically larger than those used for print only documents n up print jobs can reduce these larger font sizes to legible efficient font sizes for print reading Navigational Design In Acrobat documents much like HTML pages on the Web the combination of a visual component and an action comprises an object that is used to navigate through a single PDF page a PDF file or the Internet The most common navigational objects are hypertext buttons and bookmarks Visual components include graphics pictures text or any combination of these objects These object s actions range from magnifying areas of the same page to linking to other sites on the In
49. a PDF file continued Forms 209 Field Type Options Option Notes Checkbox Export value The export value of a checkbox is On by default The Radio button Check mark check circle cross value typically used by HTML forms diamond square or star Default is Checked The Default is Checked option checks the checkbox Export value The export value of a checkbox is On by default Sutton mare Reema The value typically used by HTML forms diamond square or star Default is Checked The Default is Checked option checks the checkbox 7 6 5 Form Field Values Assign a value to a form field or use the default value associated with the field Depending on the field type a value of a field is displayed in the field In Acrobat Exchange set or change a field s value by selecting the form tool and double clicking the field The Field Properties dialog box displays the value and property options for the selected type of field Field values can be a combination of alphanumerical characters or symbols that are based on the symbol set of the font used in the field or by setting the font property field to Symbol Field values may include a default value or no value Default values appear when the form is first opened or if the form field values are reset via the Reset button Fields without values are blank Adding values to a field in Exchange and saving the values rede fines the value of each field as the de
50. a creator application Those enhancements which have some relationship with the PDF file format or Acrobat software are listed here Plug ins are developed either internally by Adobe Systems or by third party developers Adobe developed plug ins are either inte grated into the complete Acrobat family of software bundled with Reader Exchange or both Other plug ins developed by Adobe have been distributed freely on Adobe s Web site Third Party developers produce plug ins for general or specific uses Plug ins which expand the capability of Acrobat and the PDF file format are available from a number of developers Developers either sell their plug ins as over the counter products or are developed to meet a specific customer s needs Alliant Defense Electronics Systems Inc InfoLinker Windows 3 x and later The InfoLinker plug in automatically builds hyperlinks and bookmarks for PDF documents InfoLinker can create links and bookmarks based on a pre defined rule list which may be ap plied to other documents with a similar structure Links can be generated based on intelligent mapping between document ref erences and the referred document item References to tables Level 1 Subject 331 pages and other document items are linked to the item to which they refer 13133 34th Street North Clearwater FL 34622 Tel 813 572 1900 Fax 813 572 2395 Computerised Document Control Ltd Banner Printer Corporate Wi
51. above Always present Synthetic Type 1 font created for TrueType ont is always present Embedded in Post Script language file Bitmapped Type 3 font created for bit mapped font is always present Embedded in Post Script language file ot applicable Not applicable continued Appendix G Font Embedding Information 325 Font Type Result when font is present Result when font is not present Windows bitmap Windows converts to Courier when Post Not applicable Script language file is created font descriptor for Courier placed in PDF file Windows vector Characters converted to graphics when Not applicable Post Script language file is created graph ics are placed in PDF file The base 14 Type 1 fonts are fonts that are built into PostScript printers Distiller gets the font descriptor from the ATM font database The ATM font database may not include font descriptors for newer fonts Distiller can however obtain font descriptors from the fonts themselves if they are available See the Acrobat Distiller Online Guide for instructions on how to make fonts available to Distiller SC amp OSF fonts use the Expert character set However some SC amp OSF fonts are programmed incorrectly and the Distiller processes them as ISO Latin 1 fonts You can work around this problem by setting up Distiller to always embed problem SC amp OSF fonts The font is always present because PostScript drivers download fon
52. also can be import ed from another PDF file Presently few of the creator applications give control over the selection of a note s color open or closed status font or point size Adding notes by hand is tedious for large documents that require a great number of notes However manually inserting notes allows greater control over the characteristics of each note Add notes that appear with defined or default characteristics by selecting the note tool Tools gt Note With the note tool select ed click anywhere in the PDF document to add a note An indi vidual note s characteristics can be changed by double clicking the note s title bar when opened or by selecting the note and choosing Edit gt Properties Click once in the document window of an open note to display the text cursor and then type or paste text in the note Notes 221 7 10 1 Note Appearance A closed note appears as a miniature iconized version of a sticky note in one of eight predefined colors or a custom color select ed from a color picker The magnification of a page has no affect on the text or the window dimensions of a note Double clicking a note icon opens the note The text in an open note appears in a miniature resizable scrol lable document window The title of the note if any appears in a colored title bar which matches the color of the note icon An open note window can be as large as four inches high by six inch es wide
53. amount of data that can travel through the connection base URL The highest non variable directory in which other subdirec tories are located base 14 fonts The fonts that are included with Acrobat viewers that cannot and need not be embed ded in PDF files These fonts include Helvetica regular bold oblique and bold oblique Times regular bold italic and bold ital ic Courier family regular bold italic and bold italic Symbol a symbolic font with Greek letters and mathematical symbols and Zapf Dingbats a symbolic font with dingbat characters binary Data transmitted or stored as a bit pattern rather than ASCII characters Binary data are more compact and load faster Acrobat Distiller enables PDF files to be saved as binary encoded files by default or as ASCII encoded files bitmap font A raster font also called a screen font Raster fonts generally do not scale well and appear blocky at large sizes bitmap image An image represented as a set of pixels arranged in a rec tangular pattern bookmarks Opens to locations pages URL and other objects of a PDF document or documents Also used by some Web browsers to mark URL locations Boolean Logical operations involv ing TRUE FALSE and the opera tors AND OR and NOT Booleans are commonly used when con structing search queries byte range A defined number of bytes in a file which includes the first and last byt
54. and Internet search engines have announced or released products that index PDF files The capabilities of these products vary See Appendix B Internet Searching and Indexing Software for more information All PDF search engines presently support full text searches which include Boolean free text and keyword queries Others may sup port filtered categories thesaurus matching and word stems Feature Description PDF file thumbnail display Files found as a result of a query are displayed with title and thumb nail Automatic conversion of files to PDF Creator application files that are added to a directory to be indexed are converted to PDF files Originals are maintained Select text queries Text selected in a PDF file can be used as the text in a query Highlighted results Found terms are highlighted in the open PDF file Table 8 10 1 PDF Specific Search Engine Features Searching Adobe Catalog created PDX files with the Search Plug in Exchange only is best suited for LAN WAN and CD ROM search solutions 3 11 PDF File and Server Security The built in security features of PDF files reinforce the server s capability to protect documents see Section 7 11 PDF Security Options In addition to limiting access a PDF file s limited 254 Chapter 8 8 11 1 8 11 2 actions security features prevent users from taking certain actions with a PDF file see Section 7 11 2 Condi
55. and below 51 Fit Width Page and Bookmarks Page and Thumbnails Table 4 1 3 Common Page Size Magnification View and Greeked Text Comparisons 1 Actual Size magnification not included 2 Nine point is the minimum point size tested smaller point sizes may be Greeked 3 640 x 480 pixels is not a common print size This size is included because it is common to presentation and multimedia publishers Designing PDF Documents for the Web 93 a single column of pages or two columns of pages Acrobat scales the page to fit within the Web browser document window given the page size magnification and whether bookmarks or thumb nails are displayed Text can be read by magnifying the page at the user s discretion or by scaling to fit within a predefined area a navigational fea ture added to PDF files to allow easier onscreen reading of text See Section 7 9 Article Threads for more information about Articles When scaled text smaller than six pixels the factory set default in Acrobat viewers is Greeked or converted to gray lines Six pixels is the default Greek text size for Acrobat viewers Print and onscreen page dimensions Page sizes smaller than common print page sizes letter legal tabloid etc can be printed on most printers Any of the on screen page dimensions and the common letter size dimensions are suitable for the majority of users who will download and opt to print the PDF files Note
56. and offer the most common solution Additional information even step by step assistance for configuring the software can be found in the full technical sheet These technical sheets are available via fax or the Internet For a list of technical support URLs or fax numbers see Section 10 2 1 Application and Technical Notes and Section 10 3 PDF Related World Wide Web Sites Problems specific to Web server software system software and 257 258 Chapter 9 9 1 hardware Post Script printer drivers creator application soft ware and hardware scanners CD ROM writers etc are not within the scope of this book Check the software documenta tion the software or hardware company or contact Adobe Acrobat support for Acrobat related assistance Note As new software hardware and operating systems are intro duced it is likely that more problems and questions will arise Adobe provides numerous channels for technical questions and troubleshooting Also use the many Acrobat related newsgroups and listservs which have a large number of very knowledgeable subscribers who may be willing to answer questions troubleshoot a problem or offer other assistance Troubleshooting Acrobat Software Installation and Launching After installing or launching Acrobat software some Acrobat fea tures may not function or may fail Table 9 1 1 lists some of the most common installation problems and feature failures Also re
57. are develop ment plans that identify potential content sources and ways to organize individual publication projects or entire Internet sites Furthermore these strategies establish a roadmap based on the Content Development Strategies 49 content source and its development which can assist the Internet publisher when selecting file formats and the modes of distribu tion described in later sections in this chapter Understanding the possible PDF publishing strategies aids in the entire process of publishing PDF files on the Internet Content sources include either existing documents or original content Existing sources include corporate newsletters maga zines data sheets memoranda videotapes books slide presenta tions and many others Original content sources are assembled for a specific publication or project Existing content sources which exist in other media formats must be repurposed to be published as PDF files Content in an electronic file format can be redesigned cooperatively with print publishing creator applica tions and Acrobat software to take advantage of PDF navigation al and interactive features Content that is available only as hard copy those printed on paper slides transparencies and other fixed media is scanned and converted to PDF files with Acrobat Capture For information on Acrobat Capture see Section 2 1 6 Adobe Acrobat Catalog To convert other source media formats to PDF see Ap
58. at 640 x 480 pixels the magnification most users use to read body text in article threads Captions Choose fonts that are displayed large enough not to be Greeked at 100 on most monitors Typefaces with hint tables have better results for these typically smaller font sizes Display type Choose fonts that render quickly on most machines and print well as these typefaces will often be embedded to preserve their uniqueness 100 Chapter 4 Font point sizes Set font sizes at 10 12 or 14 points not fractional sizes such as 11 5 or 12 75 points These incremental sizes can magnify oddly and stretch Acrobat s font substitution algorithms Incremental sizes also require more memory for font substitution and result in slower page rendering and printing View the PDF file in a Web browser on a monitor 640 x 480 pix els at common magnifications 100 fit view fit page etc to determine at what point size the text is Greeked Smaller page sizes large font point sizes or strategically placed Articles and Go To View actions can minimize text Greeking on standard moni tor sizes Font format selection PDF files support TrueType Type 1 Type 1C compressed Type 1 Type 3 Multiple Master fonts and Asian language CID dou ble byte fonts Conversion to PDF files via PostScript Type 1 fonts yield smaller PDF files than other font formats and render more quickly in a PDF file than other fonts W
59. be To manually designate a word or phrase as link area se To designa A text frame may be required to do this Se 4 3 3 FrameMaker Hypertext to PDF Objects below A link s Go T same document and other PDF files moun supported To designa ow a link wit lected the As Is character format option raw a tex ect Speci e a graphic or image as a link d To View action destination includes speci e an area as a link that appears on every hout changing the appearance of the frame that covers the entire graphic al gt Marker gt Hypertext See Table ic areas of a page other pages in the ed locally World Wide Web Link actions are not page place a link on a master page rather than a body page Disable the link by placing a graphic or text frame over the link on the document page Article threads frames The article thread title will be the same as the ti Notes To set a note set a point for the marker selec 3 FrameMaker Hypertext to PDF Objects below Thumbnails FrameMaker has no options for automating t nails from FrameMaker generated PostScript Acrobat Distiller s Job Options Article threads are created from a story s text frame Article threads are created for all text le of the flow tag in the FrameMaker document Special gt Marker gt Hypertext see Table 4 3 he creation of thumbnails To create thumb iles select the Create Thumbnails option
60. by the University of California at Davis To subscribe to the list send email to listproc ucdavis edu with the text SUBSCRIBE UCD ADOBE your first name and your last name To post messages to all subscribers on the list send email to ucd adobe ucdavis edu not for subscribing to the list Usenet comp text pdf Discussion of the PDF file format and related applications and resources comp text frame Desktop publishing with FrameMaker comp text desktop Desktop publishing technology and techniques alt aldus pagemaker Discussion of PageMaker use comp graphics apps pagemaker Discussion of PageMaker use 282 Chapter 10 10 4 3 10 5 comp lang postscript Discussion of the PostScript page descrip tion language comp sources postscript PostScript code and discussion of its use alt hypertext Discussion of hypertext including uses transport etc comp text sgml ISO 8879 SGML structured documents markup languages discussion comp infosystems www authoring html Topics tips and ques tions about HTML markup comp fonts Discussion of font usage comp infosystems www authoring cgi Discussion on the pro gramming of Common GateWay Interface scripts used by many WWW servers Acrobat Frequently Asked Questions FAQ URL http www blueworld com acrobat faq fcgi compiled by Blue World Communications Acrobat Periodicals The following publications all available as PDF files are pub lished
61. create plug ins applications and other tools that read create or modify PDF files without permission or licensing from Adobe Systems By publishing the PDF specification Adobe hopes to encourage users and developers to adopt the PDF file format as a file format standard for publishing graphically rich documents on the Internet and via other digital delivery options The PDF specification version 1 0 was first published in 1993 as the Portable Document Format Reference Manual by the Addison Wesley Publishing Company Notes regarding the update of the PDF specification from 1 0 to 1 1 are detailed in Adobe technical note 5156 available on Adobe s Web site See the Adobe Developer s Association at http www adobe com supportservice devrelations for information on PDF 1 2 and updates to the most current version of the PDF specification 44 Chapter 2 2 3 11 Acrobat Distiller 3 0 can create PDF files using either version 1 1 of the Portable Document Format compatible with 2 1 and ear lier or version 1 2 the version required for publishing progres sively rendered page on demand downloading of PDF files on the Web Version 1 2 of the Portable Document Format is com patible with Acrobat 3 0 and later The Look of a PDF File PDF files maintain the look and feel of the original file format in the application that created them Documents designed in Adobe PageMaker QuarkXPress Microsoft Word CorelDRAW and hundreds
62. currently HTML PDF designs and develops information strategies for the Educational Laboratory at PDF HTML Brown University LAB using publishing technologies that include the integration of structured dynamic and final format documents He worked directly with the Adobe Acrobat engineering and product staff to author this book He lives near Table of Contents Back to Top 1 Introduction 2 2 Adobe Acrobat and the Portable Document Format 15 3 Selecting Content Strategies Sources Formats and Service 47 4 Designing Content for the Internet 85 To the 5 Converting PostScript Files to PDF Files 117 SOUTOCISM EY 6 Fine Tuning PDF Documents 137 of Contents 7 Adding Interactive and Navigational Objects 161 8 Publishing PDF Files on the Internet 235 9 Troubleshooting 257 10 Acrobat Resources 271 HTML PDF Glossary 291 PDF HTML Appendices 301 Index 363 How to Use this Digital Book Back to Top Hr Publishing with Acrobat has been converted to SUN ie Ono nience Take a few moments to read this in order to maximize your legibility and ease of use Legibility of this book depends entirely on the computer monitor you are viewing it upon It has been developed to work on all sizes including laptops but the larger your monitor the better you can view the pages Use Acrobat 3 0 to view this book The anti aliasing of text will smooth out the letterforms If your monitor is large enough view the pages as Facing Pages by set
63. do not publish with PDE Thumbnails require too many kilobytes around 3 5 kilobytes per page per thumbnail and they can be created later by the user if needed or desired Note When a monitor is set at 8 bit 256 colors grayscale or monochrome thumbnails take less space in the PDF file Article Threads 217 Article Threads Articles tie blocks of text together into threads Use article 7 9 threads in documents with more than a screen column or page length of text depending on layout Articles are essential for PDF files served on the Internet They magnify the story area to increase legibility and allow users to navigate through text by spanning several pages or columns They also follow text that jumps to other pages of the document In Acrobat Exchange select the article tool from the Tool menu and draw rectangular boundaries around each of the text areas in the article thread The order in which the article threads are drawn defines the reading sequence For large documents or those that make extensive use of columns and story jumps use a PDF savvy creator application such as Adobe PageMaker or Adobe FrameMaker to automatically generate article threads Note Adding author name subject keywords etc will add to the size of the PDF file unnecessarily Avoid adding this information unless it is essential for document management Unlike other interactive objects that link to a single location
64. e g another page magnification etc an article opens an area of text that is defined by where in the article thread the user clicks an article displays proportionately to the user s screen size and at the defined magnification preference for reading articles if any Subsequent clicks in the article may open to another area of the page or an entirely different page The end of the article links back to the where the user entered the article thread 218 Chapter 7 Click Zoom Action Description First click within article Between 100 to 800 Zooms to display as much of the article as possi Subsequent click s Final click depending on monitor size ble at the defined or default zoom First line appears near the top of the document window Same as previous Scrolls down the page just under a full window length at the set magnification to display the last line read at the top of the magnified area A flash ing pointer appears in the upper left corner of the document window to display from where the user should continue reading Could open to another area of the page or an entirely different page Previous magnification setting Resets magnification and links back to the page before clicking on article area in which the article thread was first clicked Table 7 9 1 Article Progression Description 1 With an Acrobat 3 0 or later viewer the size of the Web browser s document window defines the magni
65. edited or moved by using drag and drop techniques When viewing a PDF document the user identifies a link by common cues such as text that has been colored and underlined using an invisible rectangle a colored rectangle or by changes in the cursor icon either visible or invisible rectangles Unlike many Web browsers the Acrobat viewer does not change the color of previously selected links The design or look of a link may conform to traditional Web design or may be innovative and unique by using the design tools available in Acrobat Exchange Web design uses colored under lined text or hypertext to cue the user to the existence of a link Graphics and images may have colored borders but many Web page designers rely on the change in the cursor icon from an arrow to a pointing finger to indicate the existence of a link Some link actions such as World Wide Web Links or movie or sound actions use other cursor icons to indicate the action of the object Acrobat Exchange can add visible colored or invisible boundaries around both text and graphics PDF links function in 190 Chapter 7 7 5 the same way as hypertext links but the text selected as the link is not formatted automatically as colored underlined text Note The Capture Plug in can import images and graphics for use in a PDF file Use these imported images as icons and other inter active cues See the Acrobat Online User guide for information on
66. engaging as possible For orig inal content development the tables help make basic design deci sions Use Table 3 2 1 Application Type to help determine the appropriate application to develop the content Table 3 2 4 Document Activity and File Format Elements aids in the selec tion of the interactive and navigation features to be used Table 3 2 3 Document Type helps define the best file format based on the common document design Consult the hundreds of books on publishing Hypertext Markup Language files for infor mation on publishing in HTML Note For original content in the document development stage it is assumed that the document has not been created 66 Chapter 3 3 2 1 These tables should be used as guides for identifying the best content format Ideally the combined results of all the tables and other considerations make selecting an optimal file format type simple and obvious After consulting the tables if an optimal file format isn t obvious select a table that most effects the process of content development and select the file type based on the out come of this table These tables also can help the Internet publisher make other publishing related decisions including the adoption of new PDF savvy applications for documents best served as PDF files For example a repurposed magazine based on a concurrent pub lishing strategy is best published as a PDF file and integrated w
67. feature may ease the PDF and HTML integration process Neither PDF nor HTML files works well Multimedia software organizes information more dynamically along a timeline making it difficult to represent the content as discrete pages As a consequence neither HTML nor PDF files is an effective means for repurposed multimedia content It is pos sible to prototype or create effective multimedia productions from original content with PDF s interactive objects such as but tons forms and with the Movie Plug in however PDF files lack many of the higher levels of interactivity frequently demanded by most productions In addition the large file sizes of most movie files do not permit their efficient use over the Internet Movie and animation files used in multimedia productions can be linked to or from within HTML and PDF files Movies may be played from within a PDF file with the Movie Plug in HTML files require a Web browser plug in or a helper application PDF or HTML by Document Creation Stages The stages of document creation are important variables when choosing to publish content as a HTML or PDF file In Table 3 2 2 Document Creation Process the document creation process begins with a straight text file it then has a structure applied to it either a simple hierarchy or a meta language next it is styled based on a style sheet put into production and pub lished either as an electronic file format such as HTML or
68. for exchanging word processing files among plat forms and different applications server side include A set of tags embedded in HTML documents that are processed by the HTTP server as the documents are sent to a client s Web browser SGML Standard Generalized Markup A ISO standard 8879 for creating marked up Language structured documents SQL Structured Query Language An ISO ANSI construction lan guage capable of interactive queries and report generation for querying relational databases substitute fonts A Type 1 font creat ed by ATM to substitute for the original and unavailable font ATM substitutes fonts from data con tained in the ATM font database TCP IP Transmission Control Pro tocol Internet Protocol A suite of protocols that defines and facilitates communication over the Internet Telnet other machines thereby enabling A program that accesses users to log on to a host machine often UNIX TeX A typesetting language by Donald Knuth widely used for Glossary 299 writing mathematics TeX files tex may be processed to device independent dvi files which can be viewed printed or converted to a PostScript file TIFF Tag Image File Format A common interchange format for bit mapped graphics of any resolu tion and color depth TrueType font A scaleable outline font format Type 1 font An outline font defini tion developed by Adobe for use with
69. for online distribution which require little modification when converted to either PDF or HTML file formats This is because interactive and navigational features native to either format are automated and generated along with the document in the selected format or formats Content sources that require modification before being pub lished and integrated with PDF and HTML files are best con ceived by using a complementary publishing strategy Publishing Content Development Strategies 61 content via multiple media with the plan to integrate both PDF and HTML files incorporates a concurrent publishing strategy New content development strategies for content which isn t designed for other media also can wholly embrace the PDF and HTML integration strategy Note Integrate content repurposed from existing sources by scan ning and converting the documents to either PDF or HTML files with Acrobat Capture see Section 2 1 7 Adobe Acrobat Cap ture or optical character recognition software Printed documents that are scanned and converted often require modifications to make the documents interactive and navigable best managed first with a concurrent publishing strategy Duplication Duplication where a document is published in both PDF and HTML is one solution to reach the most users while still allow ing those who can view PDF files to experience the content in a more interactive and visually rich environment Avoid p
70. for the World Wide Web Chapter 1 Chapter Summaries If the specific topic you are interested in doesn t appear in Table 1 2 1 Quick Start Common Internet Publishing Tasks and Questions try checking the table of contents and then referring to the chapter summaries for the most relevant chapter Each chapter begins with a list that summarizes the most relevant information for Internet publishing in that particular chapter For a quick ref erence the following summaries introduce the concepts and tech nical information found in the chapters and appendices What is Adobe Acrobat 3 0 and the Portable Document Format PDF and why are PDF files so well suited for Internet publish ing This chapter discusses the software required to publish elec tronic documents on the Internet Chapter 3 Selecting Content Strategies Sources Formats and Service Which publishing strategy and file format PDF or HTML best fit the content What is the source of the content Given the intended purpose and use of the PDF files what is the best way to serve them to the audience for the screen as well as for online use within the document win dow of a Web browser Capitalize on Acrobat s navigational and interactive features to design the most usable document that can be published on the Internet how to convert content to PDF for distribution on the Internet How to make visually rich low bandwidth electronic documen
71. forms don t define text areas Create a large field to mimic the space accomplished with the ROWS and COLS HTML form tags NAME n Enter the name in the Field Properties dialog box ROWS n The field size width is determined by the field s border size COLS n The field size columns is determined by the field s border size Forms 205 7 6 3 7 6 4 Form Data HTML or FDF PDF forms can be exported and submitted as either URL encod ed HTML data application x www form urlencoded or as Forms Data Format files FDF files and HTML data can be processed by server scripts or applications although most scripts don t process both data formats Creating scripts and applica tions to process form data either FDF or HTML data requires more resources expertise and is more time consuming than cre ating a form Given the number of pre package and existing scripts and applications that process URL encoded HTML form data setting a PDF form s export option to submit data as HTML form data reduces the need to create new scripts for PDF forms FDF data includes much more information about the form than URL encoded HTML data This additional data within the FDF file can be used to modify the appearance and action of the form For this reason the FDF data format offers a number of new fea tures not possible with HTML forms For more information on FDF see Appendix C The Forms Data Format Note Most HTML forms subm
72. free download from Adobe s Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat MonitorSetup Macintosh The PDF language version 1 1 associated with Acrobat 2 0 and 2 1 products allows for device independent color DIC specifi cations This allows creators of PDF documents to specify the color of objects in a page description independent of the color characteristics of the destination device for example a monitor or printer The result of using DIC is consistent color reproduction from device to device This is important because of the significant 338 Appendices color variations between different devices Even two monitors can have widely different color characteristics Note that not all colors in a given PDF document will be specified in this DIC manner Currently only PDF files created by Acrobat Distiller 2 1 or later contain DIC color specification on a global level and only images are affected i e not line art Acrobat Exchange 2 0 or later has an internal preference value associated with displaying colors in a calibrated manner This preference value is not ex posed by Acrobat Exchange s user interface However it can be exposed by plug ins such as Monitor Setup Monitor Setup is essential for Acrobat 3 0 or earlier Internet or intranet publishers and designers who use the networks as a dis tribution channel to send color artwork to other sites The DIC color specifications provide the color control
73. gressively render onscreen requires a connection to a Web server capable of serving byte range requests an optimized PDF file an Acrobat 3 0 or later viewer and an Acrobat 3 0 savvy Web brows er The minimum requirements for following a World Wide Web Link action are a connection to the Internet an Acrobat Viewer version 2 1 or later with the Weblink Plug in installed and a Web browser that supports the Acrobat Weblink Plug in The minimum configuration doesn t support progressive rendering or page on demand downloads of PDF files Instead it down loads the PDF file entirely launches the Acrobat viewer and then opens the PDF file The Weblink Plug in is included with the free Acrobat Reader 2 1 and later 176 Chapter 7 Users can identify World Wide Web Links when used as an action for links by moving the cursor over the link which then changes from the arrow cursor icon to a pointing finger with a small w in it Note When viewing a PDF file within an Acrobat viewer the view er s preferences can be set to display the destination of the URL Presently there are no Web browsers that support the display of World Wide Web Links as they do HTML links Setting a World Wide Web Link to a site s home page or directory listing A World Wide Web Link set to a Web server s URL e g http www adobe com without specifying a file loads the site s home page from the server a default file configured in the We
74. hardware that cre ate PDF documents Technical information is sparse but effec tive Most technical details cover only version 1 0 of Adobe Acrobat software Adobe Press 1585 Charleston Road Mountain View CA 94039 Distributed by Macmillan Computer Publishing USA 201 West 103rd Street Indianapolis IN 46290 Telephone 800 428 5331 ISBN 0 56830 050 6 Acrobat Print Resources 273 10 1 2 10 1 3 Portable Document Format Reference Manual By Tim Bienz Richard Cohn and Jim Meehan This manual is the published standard for the PDF file format Targeted to application developers who want to produce PDF files directly or create applications that read and modify PDF files This book provides information to Internet publishers who want to use pdfmark operators Those publishers interested in creating dynamic PDF documents perhaps through the use of a CGI script will find the handbook indispensable This book is out of print Note More information about the most recent PDF spec can be found at the Adobe Developer s Associaton at Adobe Web site at http www adobe com r I Li k Acrobat Quick Tour By Barrie Sosinsky and Elisabeth Parker The Acrobat Quick Tour covers the basics of Acrobat PDF file cre ation and distribution More detailed and technical information has been purposely left out resulting in a book best suited for beginners The book does not contain coverage of Acrobat Capture and
75. import a variety of image types in black and white grayscale and color These images can be placed anywhere in on a PDF page Useful for importing icons and other images for Internet based publications Scan Macintosh Windows UNIX The Scan Plug in makes it possible to convert paper based doc uments to PDF files using popular desktop scanners For large volume jobs which use Acrobat Capture a full featured applica tion for converting legacy documents to PDF files Touch Up Macintosh Windows UNIX The Touch up plug in allows the user to edit single lines of text change font attributes and highlight edit all bitmap suspects resulting from using the Capture products A very useful tool for creating styled hypertext like text colored underlined text or for making minor edits and updates in Internet documents 334 Appendices HLS Macintosh Windows UNIX The Highlight Server plug in works with Verity s XLS technolo gy to display highlighted terms in a PDF file viewed within a Web browser s document window The page with the first matching term is displayed first with one or more matching terms high lighted The Acrobat toolbar can be used to navigate through the other pages or documents with matching terms The plug in has no function it simply servers as a means for the Web server s search software to communicate the highlighted terms to the Acrobat viewer via the Web browser Optimizer Macintosh
76. independent form that can be converted back to a PDF file after the file is received and decoded Some mail transmission systems may not preserve certain 7 bit characters in ASCII encoded PDF files and may change line endings as well This can cause damage to PDF files Note Another possible method of distributing PDF files in addition to serving PDF files on the Internet is to use email to send PDF files or URLs where the PDF can be viewed to subscribers Be certain that the subscribers can receive attached files Also consider the size limits many email gateways impose on attached files Rather than sending the whole document send only the table of contents which includes links to the full document 244 Chapter 8 8 5 Serving PDF Files as Home Pages A PDF file can be served as a home page by modifying the serv er s directory index to include the default PDF filename and the PDF filename suffix PDF However unlike HTML not all Web browsers support Acrobat viewers as in line helper applications In line helper applications enable PDF files to be viewed directly in the Web browser window though a plug in such as Netscape Navigator or with application communication such as Microsoft s ActiveX As a result fewer users will be able to access pages served exclusively as PDF files There are a number of alternatives to integrating HTML and PDF files to maximize the content experience Table 8 5 1 Op tions for
77. index Platform Operating System 680x0 Macintosh and Power Macintosh Macintosh OS 7 x PC Windows 3 x Windows 95 Windows NT 3 5 4 x Searching a collection of PDF files on an Internet server requires server level indexing software that supports the PDF file type Verity Inc whose indexing and searching technology are the basis of the Catalog system has a Web server based solution to the PDF indexing dilemma Appendix B Internet Searching and Indexing Software details Verity s TopicSearch Fulcrum s SurfBoard and Cascade s MediaSphere as well as server level PDF index and search solutions from other vendors What is Adobe Acrobat 29 2 1 7 Note Some Internet server indexing software e g Verity can use Acrobat Catalog generated indices rather than generating a sepa rate index Using the same index allows concurrent publishing on other media with exacting search inquiry results and the need to generate only an index Adobe Acrobat Capture For publishers who need to move large amounts of paper based content to electronic documents and the Web Acrobat Capture is an essential tool Acrobat Capture works with almost all scanners to digitize and convert paper based documents to PDF files Through page recognition technology Capture maintains the document s layout text graphics and images and matches fonts as closely as possible Words that Capture cannot recognize are not replaced with errors
78. is important or not important enough to justify the use of either HTML or PDE Design Attribute HTML PDF Notes Custom sized text Yes Yes Text size may be altered by defined user settings Custom text typefaces No Yes Often done in HTML as a GIF graphic not good for large text blocks Support for custom typefaces in HTML document has been announced Text leading No Yes Only default leading Type styles bold italic outline etc Some Yes Type width condensed normal etc Some Yes Text alignment center left right Yes Yes Rules lines Yes Yes Hyphenation No Yes Expert fractions and type characters and Some Yes For typefaces that support them special characters and symbols erning and word spacing No Yes Text indents No Yes Through the use of tables only Breakout or pull quote blurb Yes Yes Through use of tables Bleed art No Yes No real page borders continued 78 Chapter 3 Design Attribute HTML PDF Notes Page numbers No Yes No real pages Columns Yes Yes Drop cap initial cap Yes Yes Margins N A Yes No defined edges Wrapping text around images Yes Yes Browser window and screen sizes may not have text wrapped as intended Run text over images No Yes Possible with background GIFs but not in line images Image caption Yes Yes Not a traditional caption often used when image loading is turned off Bullet and numbered lists Yes Yes Created on the fly Yes No Can be but
79. line and printed timeliness and other elements that affect content and its design 2 Email can be batch converted to HTML pages or simply text files server push animation that can be updated constantly upon connection to the server HTML also provides access to user con trollable information such as databases and search engines Publishers can format how the information is presented with frames see http home netscape com for pointers to frame tutorials or enhance the interactive environment with JavaScript or applets Both HTML and PDF work well PDF files share with HTML the capability to link to URLs and locations on the Internet through an Acrobat or Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browser URLs shared between PDF and HTML Content Development Strategies 75 3 2 5 files include standard hypertext see Section 4 1 2 Hypertext cues links see Section 7 4 Links mailto links see Setting World Wide Web Link actions that use other Internet protocols under Section 7 1 11 and named destinations The files also can send data to CGI scripts for processing either dynamically through a form or hard coded into a URL see Setting World Wide Web Link actions to CGI scripts under Section 7 1 11 Best with PDF PDF files have some activities that HTML files cannot do as ele gantly as PDF files and are outside HTML s capabilities PDF files for example can assign a single URL to images graphics
80. magnifications continued nteractive and Navigational Objects Supported by PageMaker 6 0 108 Chapter 4 PDF Object Description Links Links are created from a PageMaker file s automatically generated table of contents and index To create links from a document s table of contents select File gt Create Adobe PDF gt PDF Options gt Link table of contents Entries Links are created from each line item in the table of contents to the appropriate page the table of contents must be generated by PageMaker To create links from a document s index select File gt Create Adobe PDF gt PDF Options gt Link Index Links are created from index entries to their locations in the document A link s Go To View magnification action may be set in the PDF Options dialog box See Section 7 1 2 Go To View Action for more information on Go To View magnifications Article threads To create article threads select File gt Create Adobe PDF gt PDF Options gt Create Articles Article threads follow the story s PageMaker defined thread Notes To create a single note on the first page of the PDF file select File gt Create Adobe PDF gt PDF Options gt Add Note to First Page Thumbnails To create thumbnails for either the first or all pages in a PDF file select File gt Create Adobe Table 4 3 1 continued Interactive and Navigational Objects Supported by w PDF gt Edit overrides Distiller s
81. microsoft com Netscape Internet Built in Digital OSF Netscape Communications Corp Server HP UX 501 E Middlefield Rd BM RS 6000 AIX Mountain View CA 94043 SGI MIPS IRIX Tel 415 937 2555 Sun SPARC Fax 415 528 4124 http nome netscape com Open Market Built in Sun SPARC Open Market Inc WebServer HP UX 245 First Street Digital Alpha UNIX Cambridge MA 02142 IBM RS 6000 AIX Tel 617 621 9500 SGI MIPS IRIX Fax 617 621 1703 info openmarket com http www openmarket com O Reilly amp Associates Built in Intel Windows NT amp 95 OReilly amp Associates WebSite 101 Morris St Sebastopol CA 95472 Tel 800 998 9938 or 800 889 8969 Fax 707 829 0104 http www ora com Quarterdeck Plug in PowerPC MacOS Quarterdeck Corporation WebSTAR 2550 Ninth Street Suite 112 Berkeley CA 94710 Tel 800 525 2580 Fax 510 548 0390 info starnine com http Awww starnine com 304 Appendices Appendix B Internet Searching and Indexing Software The following companies offer software that enable users on the Internet to search PDF files as well as other standard text based document formats Other companies certainly will add support for searching PDF files check the list of Internet resources listed in this book for information on companies that add support for PDF files For the most recent list of searching and indexing software with PDF file support visit the Adobe Web page at http www adobe com Note Thi
82. moved deleted or renamed Defuse the 404 error by checking the syntax of the link With URL links in HTML check the formation of the URL Most links to other Web resources are formed with the transport protocol followed by the path Error 404 messages from URLs embedded in PDF files can be corrected the same way Include the full URL or suffix of the base URL If the file was tested locally first make sure that the paths from directory name to directory name remain consistent Check the URL to ensure that it uses the correct form Note Most Web servers are case sensitive so check the capitalization of the directory name and file names Also check spelling and the file names themselves Some servers may truncate the file name to con form to the 8 3 file naming convention used by DOS and other operating systems 266 Chapter 9 Troubleshooting Browser Applications 9 5 Older versions of the listed Web browsers need to be configured to best handle PDF files For optimal PDF viewing on the Inter net refer to Adobe s Acrobat site at http www adobe com acro bat for the most recent recommended Web browser Acrobat viewer version combination Problem Platform Solution When selecting a PDF file link on an Macintosh Configure Mosaic to use Reader or Internet server NCSA Mosaic 2 0 displays Exchange as a helper application a prompt to download the PDF file More information is available from the rather than la
83. names match and the encoding is listed as embedded See Table 6 1 5 Checking which Fonts Are Embedded in a PDF File for some examples Note If a font manage application such as SuitCase II for Macintosh is used as long as the suitcase is located in the same folder and at the same level at which the outline fonts is open Acrobat will find these outlines and indicate that the font is not embedded Checking Subset Fonts Font subsets are created when the percentage of font characters used in a PDF file exceeds the threshold a defined percentage set in Distiller s Font Embedding job options For publishing PDF files on the Internet Distiller s default setting of 25 works well Subset fonts include the font data for only the characters used in the PDF file not the entire font thus allowing the PDF file size to remain smaller than it would if the whole font were embedded Subset font names are preceded by a random set of six letters Distiller appends the font name with the random six letter pre fix This prevents font conflicts when downloading the font to printers or displaying the font on systems with the actual font installed 152 Chapter 6 Original Font GillSans GillSans Symbol Used Font Embedding DKGPKA GillSans Subset Embedded GillSans Embedded Symbol Installed Helvetica Bold Substituted Arial Bold Installed base 14 fonts cannot be embedded here the true
84. never be embedded if set 1 Acrobat uses a font that is very close to Adobe s Minion and Myriad Multiple Master typefaces to substitute serif and sans serif fonts If Minion or Myriad is in a document there s no real advantage in embedding those fonts Embed All Fonts Embedding an average font increases the PDF file size from 20 to 30 kilobytes per font average or as high as 70 kilobytes for Type 1 fonts common to most systems and embedded with Acrobat Distiller 2 1 and 2 0 Embedding a Type 1C Type 1 Compressed fonts used when Acrobat 3 0 compatibility is selected increases the PDF file seven to 20 kilobytes per font Embedding double byte Asian language fonts can add several megabytes to a PDF file Selecting the Make Font Subsets in Distiller s job options and choosing to compress fonts substantially reduces the size of the embedded font data Note When embedding fonts in a document consider any related legal issues See Appendix F Font Copyrights Using Acrobat Distiller 133 5 2 4 Make font subsets Always select the Make Font Subsets job option to keep PDF files as small as possible A font subset is comprised of only the font s glyphs characters numbers and symbols like the underscore or dollar sign used in a particular document When embedding a font Distiller embeds only the glyphs used rather than the whole font which includes all the glyphs If less than the defined percentage 25
85. objects in an Acrobat document When the xAnnotations Window is displayed a detailed list is created that includes the type of object the page location and the creation or last modifi cation date More specific object information is also avail able the title is shown for text notations the link s page number that the link jumps to and the document s name the link will launch m xShowLink Borders shows all invisible link borders on a page so that other tools may be used with the link borders still visible xShow Link Borders ensures access to all of the links in any given document m xPageMarker puts a marker on any page in a document A corner of the page is folded down for easy reference The xPageMarker notation is also added to the xAnnotations Window list m xFootnote creates a standard footnote in a single step Select some text in a document choose xFootnote from the menu and xFootnote appends footnote information for the document and cuts the text to the clipboard for use in other applications m xDate Annotations ensures that a creation date is assigned all objects and makes tracking your revisions of links marks and notes easy m xMake Links turns linking a range of text into one easy step Designed for table of contents and index text xMake Links also will process tables of numbers Select the text to be linked and click the xMake Links button on the Acrobat 350 Appendices toolbar Links are au
86. opened based on the environment server side included and opens an appropriate file PDF or HTML Non Acrobat 3 0 Compatible Displays the HTML document Area defined for the PDF file is blank Web browser may issue a warning that the embedded item cannot be viewed Follows the HTML link to view the home page and parts of the Web site as an HTML file The script or applet senses that the Web browser cannot view PDF files in line The HTML home page is opened Table 8 5 1 Options for Home Page PDF and HTML Integration See Section 8 6 2 Embedding PDF Files into HTML 2 Rather than designing the home page as an HTML document and then converting it to a PDF file design the home page with Acrobat export the text as Rich Text Format RTF and mark up the text with HTML tags Copy any graphics from the PDF version by using the Select Graphics option Or use a creator application capable of generating both PDF and HTML documents from the same source file Opening PDF files to HTML files via a URL is detailed in Section 7 1 11 World Wide Web Link Action Opening HTML to PDF files is described in Section 8 6 1 Linking from HTML to PDF Files PDF files may be embedded within HTML documents much like GIFs or JPEGs are embedded in HTML documents The in line Acrobat helper application is required to view the embedded 246 Chapter 8 8 6 1 8 6 2 PDF file A warning is issued if th
87. rity options The option to enter a password to change the preventive security features and to change the open password is hereafter called the owner password Use the owner pass word on any PDF file with conditional security options Conditional Security Options Conditional security options prevent users from taking certain actions with a PDF file such as printing or copying text However they don t require the user to enter a password when opening the file A file can be secured with either some or all of the conditional security options and an open password or both the conditional options in any combination and an open password RSA Data Security Algorithms Acrobat protects documents with passwords by using RSA Data Security s RC4 Symmetric Stream Cipher encryption algorithm Visit the RSA Web site at http www rsa com PDF Security Options 225 Prevents Password Opening Yes Printing1 No only to change Selecting text and graphics No only to change Adding and changing notes No only to change Document modification No only to change Description Requires the user to enter a password to open the file Prevents the document from being printed Print menu and shortcut keys disabled Prevents text and graphics from being copied Prevents the adding or changing of notes Still allows the opening and closing of notes Prevents the modification of a document e g adding links deleting a
88. s tool bar contains four buttons for navigating through pages of a PDF file and another two buttons to go to previous view and go to next view These buttons enable the user to page backward and forward through pages in sequential order or skip to the first or last page of a PDF file If the components have been added Acrobat viewers also allow navigation through bookmarks and thumbnails See Section 7 5 Bookmarks and Section 6 1 3 Thumbnails As a document can be created with virtually any software or combination of software applications a custom navigational design specific to the document s content can be created More options are then extended to a user beyond the basic toolbar thumbnail and bookmark components built into Acrobat viewers Hypertext cues The universal cue for a hypertext link is colored underlined text The hypertext link s color cue stands out from the majority of the document text In most Web browsers hypertext in HTML doc uments will change color after it has been followed or selected Presently followed links in PDF files do not change color 96 Chapter 4 Action Links to Next Page Previous Page Links to Home related items defini ion etc of a word or phrases Links to magnified area Links to a description Cues PDF Action Description Arrows page curl Next Previous Back Links to page Links the user one page
89. support Acrobat Reader 3 0 through the PDFViewer Web browser plug in and ActiveX interapplication communication respectively Other Web browser companies have announced their intent to allow users to view PDF files within their Web browsers as a plug in The Acrobat 3 0 PDFViewer Plug in for Netscape and Netscape API compatible Web browsers enables the viewing of PDF files within a Web browser s document window When displaying an HTML document the interface and interaction are the same when a PDF file is opened the Acrobat 3 0 toolbar loads in the browser s document window usually just under the Web brows er s toolbar along with the PDF file Opening a PDF file with a Web browser that does not support Acrobat 3 0 downloads the PDF file from the Web and then launches an installed Acrobat viewer if the browser has been configured to do so Strengths of PDF as an Internet Publishable File Format 35 2 3 2 Viewing PDF files within an Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web brows er also enables the user to interact with the content that is all the interactive and navigational features found in PDF files work Additionally these PDF files can be printed or downloaded by saving the source file to a local hard drive for later use Note To completely download an entire PDF file for use off line within an Acrobat viewer or to transfer the copy of the file to other media CD ROMs removable drives etc use the Web browser s
90. ters This book lists numerous resources for Acrobat related issues So if you re not familiar with a topic or concept you ll know just where to look for more information Internet Publishing with Acrobat has been carefully focused to provide Internet publishers with exactly what they need to expertly pub lish PDF files on the Internet with Acrobat Using This Book Internet Publishing with Acrobat covers Adobe Acrobat 3 0 a major update of the Adobe Acrobat family of software Acrobat 3 0 includes a number of new Internet specific features and enhancements that make publishing with Acrobat more efficient and exciting than ever However even users of previous versions of Adobe s Acrobat software 2 1 2 0 or 1 0 will benefit from the technical information and content development strategies described throughout this book Most of Acrobat 3 0 s features have been added or enhanced to make publishing and using PDF files on the World Wide Web faster easier and more compelling The Web is by far the most popular service on the Internet However rather than limiting the scope of this book to the Web this book encompasses the whole Internet to include information on sending PDF files as email attachments and serving PDFs on FTP and Gopher sites There s also technical information and content service strategies and solutions for publishing PDF files on intranets and on demand print servers that use servers applications and applets
91. than downloading the ele ments again The combination of progressive rendering and page on demand downloading allows users to view and interact with a 100M PDF file with more than 100 pages just as quickly as a 100K PDF file with 10 pages This makes it possible to combine and publish an entire site s worth of PDF files in a single PDF document with out affecting the time required to view any one page However the goal to integrate PDF files with other document types and the continual need to update and modify pages often make this prac tice ineffective Strengths of PDF as an Internet Publishable File Format 39 2 3 4 2 3 5 Compatible with Server Software HTML PDF and other Internet file formats can be served on the same site seamlessly PDF files require no translation compres sion or special filters on any type of Internet server FTP Gopher Web etc Some older World Wide Web server software may require some basic configuration to recognize PDF files dis play the proper icons when viewed in an index and allow page on demand downloading and progressive rendering of PDF files These servers can easily add this capability for free by running a simple script to the server Most servers today however come with this configuration built in See Section 8 2 Configuring Web Servers for PDF Files for detailed information on config uring a Web server for PDF publishing A number of companies support
92. that provide conversion to PDF files from other file formats including LaTeX and TIFF Tables This book makes extensive use of tables that can be used for quick reference Each table presents information simply and compactly The accompanying text fully explains many of the concepts summarized in the tables Many of these tables can be used in conjunction with the Portable Document Format provides more general technical information about PDF files Cross References Cross references common in most technical references point to related topics Herein the cross references may be to another page in the book a site on the World Wide Web or Acrobat Online documentation Each cross reference includes the sec tion number and heading title The goal is to provide a com 14 Chapter 1 pact focused text that allows asynchronous navigation through the book with tangents to other easily attainable topics and tech niques Note World Wide Web locations frequently change although the information at these sites is current and valid as of the writing of this reference Glossary and Index Terms that are key to understanding electronic publishing con cepts are defined in the glossary Where applicable how the term relates specifically to Acrobat or Internet publishing is explained The index provides additional accessibility for locat ing specific issues navigating through the book by term rather than page number
93. the PDF files through the CGI script http www site name com cgi bin byteserver pdf_file pdf This allows them to be downloaded a page at a time and to render progressively The relative linking feature used by the Open File option cannot be set to pass PDF files through the CGI script Relative file links are a better choice for linking to movie files for moving collections of PDF files across various media and network protocols for PDF files that need not be byte served or for PDF files that are served on FTP and Gopher sites The URL text string entered in a World Wide Web Link action is uncompressed A single World Wide Web Link with a URL of http www adobe com adds 313 bytes not kilobytes for the link A base URL can save space by eliminating the need to enter the most frequently occurring part of the URL in the document A base URL is set in the Document Info dialog box The base URL must include the transfer protocol HTTP FTP etc When setting a World Wide Web Link action the base URL will be dis played in the Edit URL dialog box World Wide Web Link URL Base URL Full URL acrobat acro hqx http www adobe com http www adobe com acrobat acro hqx acro hqx http www adobe com http www adobe com acro hqx ftp adobe com ftp ftp ftp adobe com http www adobe com Apps None http www adobe com Appshttp www adobe com acro hqx 1 Table 7 2 1 Base URL and World Wide Web Link Action Syntax 18
94. the forms and submit the completed form to be processed by the Web server print the form for their own use or export data from the forms The Web server using a Common Gateway Interface CGI script Java applet or other scripting or programming language then processes and can respond to the PDF file s fields in the same manner it processes HTML forms Creating forms is detailed in Section 7 6 Forms and in the Acrobat Exchange 3 0 Online Guide Note Documents should be designed to include form field areas during layout Documents that are well designed reflect the exis tence of a form object onscreen and on paper Design the PDF doc ument with form field labels and give the user enough room in each field to complete the form online or after it is printed Designing PDF Documents for the Web 103 Field Type Description Text field Allows the entry of arbitrary text into the field Password Text field Combo box Allows selection of an item from a drop down list List box Allows selection of an item from a displayed list of items Multiple Selection List box Allows selection of one or more items from a displayed list of items Checkbox Allows the selection of one or multiple field items Radio button Allows the selection of one or another field items 4 1 5 Reusing Graphics and Images The reuse of graphic and image bitmaps in an optimized PDF file decreases the overall file size and speeds the rendering
95. the progressive rendering of PDF pages This also partially enables on demand down loading of specified PDF pages from a PDF file Import images into PDF documents m Limit access through a password to prevent access or secure the document to prevent a user from printing changing copying text or graphics or adding notes to the document m Include information about the document such as the author title subject and keywords m Summarize or export notes in a document m Copy text or graphics to paste into other applications m Save PDF files either incrementally or as a full save with the same filename or as a save with another filename m With the use of plug ins and the extensibility they provide almost anything is possible Plug ins automate or extend the Portable Document Format Some plug ins require that the user install the plug in on his or her machine before the added features can be utilized If a plug in is required but not installed the features are either ignored by Exchange and other Acrobat viewers or displayed with a dummy placeholder Adobe s Web site has the most up to date information on the platforms for which Exchange is available Internet publishers frequently use both Exchange and Acrobat Distiller which con verts files to PDF files What is Adobe Acrobat 23 Note PDF files created on a Macintosh can be edited on the Windows or UNIX platforms and vice versa allowing fo
96. the server preventing it from fulfilling the request 501 Not Implemented 502 Bad Gateway The server could not fulfill the request It doesn t support the requested function In this case the server doesn t recognize the request method and can not support it The server has received an invalid response from the gateway 503 Service Unavailable Either the server is too busy to handle the request or maintenance has required that it be shut down for the moment Generally this is temporary Note that other servers may refuse the connection and a 503 may not be used 9 4 2 Client Errors Client errors come from mistakes that seem to be made by the browser Generally these errors include malformed URLs and links to documents that don t exist These errors are listed by HTTP 1 0 as 4xx status codes These errors may be temporary Troubleshooting Web Server Errors 265 Status Code Description 400 Bad Request The request could not be completed because the server cannot understand the syntax of the request 401 Unauthorized The request requires that the user have authorized access to the server 403 Forbidden The server understands the request but won t perform the request 404 Not Found The server cannot find anything that matches the requested URL Possible causes of error 404 Not Found A 404 status message results when the target document the link points to doesn t exist The target document has been
97. to serve PDF files either on the Web or by other Internet protocol servers e g FTP or Gopher the files are uploaded Ensure that when the files are uploaded the name and case sensitivity of the PDF files remain consistent See Section 5 2 5 Naming the PDF File for more information on PDF file names PDF File Encoding and Compression Cautions Do not Binhex uuencode z tar or compress PDF files Com pressing e g zip sit z etc or encoding e g binhex uuen code a PDF file requires that it be decoded or uncompressed before it can be read PDF files are compressed and decom pressed by the Acrobat viewer Applying additional compression to the file when uploaded often results in slightly larger archives than uncompressed PDF files PDF File Upload Formats Move files to a Web FTP or Gopher server on the Internet by uploading the files as binary encoded files via a file transfer pro tocol FTP is most common An ASCII transfer may result in the corruption of binary encoded security elements Note Some Internet service providers may allow uploading of PDF files and other large file formats from removable storage drives Web Site Design Issues and Etiquette for Publishing Content 249 8 8 1 Web Site Design Issues and Etiquette for Publishing Content Viewing PDF files in a Web browser requires correctly installed and configured software Misconfigured Web browsers or Acrobat software may res
98. two or more different publications from existing developed content sources These publications can differ from their counterparts on other media formats with minor design or content modifications 56 Chapter 3 to make them usable on the Internet and other media or they can be substantially different with a new spin on content and design developed specifically for the publication s audience With this strategy publishers can leverage content sources into multi ple publications each with minor to major differences in content and design and each specific to an audience and media type Content modifications for PDF publishing include targeting audiences who have access to the Web versus the target audience Content Source Creator Application PDF specific design Acrobat Converter Conversion to PDF Published on Internet Server C Internet Paper documents and files Creator Application Print or other media specific design Print Driver CD ROM Writer etc Printing for publishing 67 to other media Paper CD ROM etc N Final published format Figure 3 1 2 Complementary Content Development Publishing Model Content Development Strategies 57 of the other media publications shortening and breaking up sto ries to facilitate onscreen reading and changing the tone or writ ing style Relative content links connections between shorter bits
99. umentation to mainframe users by converting documents to PDF a necessity for large businesses in need of cross platform communication Elixir s printing software provides PC based WYSIWYG resource editing and conversion tools for use with IBM Advanced Function Printing AFP and Xerox Corporation s Metacode Elixir outputs PostScript language files that are seamlessly con verted into PDF files using Adobe Acrobat Distiller software 180 Canada Larga Road Ventura CA 93001 Tel 805 641 5900 ext 140 Appendix K Converting Other File Types to PDF 357 K 6 K 7 Gateway Conversion Technologies Gateway Conversion Technologies Gateway Conversion Technologies offers advanced conversion technology for fast accurate processing of hard copy documents into electronic formats including PDF Gateway also distributes PDF files along with Adobe Acrobat Reader and Acrobat Exchange software on a variety of media such as tapes diskettes and CDs P O Box 14385 Research Triangle Park NC 27709 9882 Tel 919 319 6500 Handmade Software Incorporated Image Alchemy Image Alchemy converts vendor specific computer platform specific or standardized image files into a form that can be viewed by an Adobe Acrobat Reader or Acrobat software user Image Alchemy the image conversion software from Handmade Software converts more than 70 image file formats to PDF including formats used by scanners and facsimiles or those
100. with PDF forms Web publishers also may want to compare the form features specific to individ ual form object options with those found in PDF forms The fol lowing tables define the similarities between HTML form and field objects including field values and tags Note This chapter section is ordered but somewhat restructured for comparison like HTML 2 0 RFC 1866 to facilitate easy com parison between PDF form objects and HTML 2 0 forms Forms 199 HTML Forms PDF Forms lt Form gt lt Form gt Adding a form field to a PDF file creates a PDF form ACTION See Section 7 6 6 Form Field Actions for a list of PDF orm actions METHOD PDF forms that use the Submit Form action and the HTML export option use the POST method ENCTYPE PDF forms can submit data o a URL as either HTML data or FDF data INPUT The PDF form types Notes Unlike HTML files PDF files can only have one form per file although there are a number of ways to submit selected fields by allowing the appearance of more than one form field An HTML form s ACTION is limited to a URL PDF forms can be configured to produce a number of actions based on user interaction with a form field or button PDF forms unlike HTML forms cannot use the GET method for form submission HTML data is submitted as application x www from urlencoded FDF data is exported and submitted as the FDF file type which is registered as the PD
101. 0 o ms 100 1W ms 10 ms 100 ms nO ms 10 WL ms 10 ms 10 Nm 1 N Q NM 1O NM NM I NM iO 1a NM 1O W Ni 1O WL Tables Table 7 6 11 Table 7 6 12 Table 7 6 13 Table 7 6 14 Table 7 6 15 Table 7 6 16 Table 7 6 17 Table 7 9 1 Table 7 9 2 Table 7 10 1 Table 7 10 2 Table 7 10 3 Table 7 11 1 Table 7 12 1 Table 7 12 2 Table 7 12 3 Table 7 12 4 Table 7 13 1 Table 8 2 1 Table 8 5 1 HTML lt SELECT gt and PDF Form Combo Box Field Comparisons HTML and PDF Form Comparisons Text Area Field PDF Form Field Types PDF Field Properties Field Options Field Value and Export Value Comparisons for FDF and HTML Forms Field Properties Actions Field Properties General Article Progression Description Article Theme Descriptions Note Sizes Note Preference Item Options Other Note Uses Security Options Open Preferences Page View Descriptions Open Preferences Magnification Descriptions Open Preferences Page Modes Open Preferences Window Options Object Automation Plug in Product Information Web Server Configuration Issues Options for Home Page PDF and HTML Integration 398 Tables Table 8 6 1 In line PDF File Syntax Zy Table 8 10 1 PDF Specific Search Engine Features 253 Table 9 1 1 Troubleshooting Acrobat Installation and 259 Launching Table 9 2 1 T
102. 1 within the PDF file Pages No movie helper The sound files are embedded in the PDF application ile and are platform independent required Submit Form Form fields and buttons AcroForm Submits the form as either a FDF file or Links and bookmarks Pages HTML form data to a URL often a script or application on a server The submit action can accept a response rom the server s script or application if he response is in FDF and ends in FDF See Section 8 9 Processing PDF Forms Table 7 1 1 continued Actions 1 The movie and sound actions are supported by Macintosh and Windows systems only Actions 165 7 1 1 Execute Menu Item Action An Acrobat viewer s menu items can be controlled by embedding a menu command within an interactive object links bookmarks form fields etc This enables CD ROM and multimedia devel opers greater flexibility and control over the way users interact with a document For Web publishers the action has less applica tion The execute menu item action controls only the Acrobat viewer and not the Web browser Setting an object to execute the Quit or Exit command when clicked will quit or exit the Acrobat viewer not the Web browser However any of the Web browser s Acrobat toolbar actions are supported The commands are sent to the Acrobat viewer not the Web browser For example actions such as changing the page mode setting a page view and selecting a magn
103. 3 1 teractive or navigational objects require a user to have the plug in that originally created the object or a player version of the plug in installed otherwise the action of the object often won t work For an updated catalog of plug ins for Acrobat and other Acro bat related plug ins for other applications contact the Adobe Plug in Source at 1 800 685 3547 Object Automation Plug ins The table below Object Automation Plug ins Product Information lists a number of plug ins for Acrobat Exchange The list comprises those plug ins that are useful in automating the creation or modification of navigational and interactive objects These plug ins bridge the gap between the need for high ly usable PDF documents and non PDF savvy creator applica tions by creating PDF objects after the application file has been converted to a PDF file They are also useful tools for streamlin ing the tasks of fine tuning and editing existing PDF navigation al and interactive objects Plug in Platform User Company Description required Aerial Banner Printer Corporate Windows 3 x Yes Software Partners Inc Adds custom object hot listing Windows 95 options and a feature to print page portions Windows 3x One of three Computerised Adds watermark to printed page Windows 95 none Document Control Ltd and options to control revisions continued 232 Chapter 7 Plug in Platform User Company
104. 4 Chapter 7 The base URLs allow the development and testing of links local ly and they can be globally updated when the PDF files are uploaded to the Internet server A base URL helps minimize the possibility of typographical errors and saves time when entering links because only a portion of the full URL is entered To set a World Wide Web Link action to a site that is the base URL for a PDF file edit the base URL so that it does not end in a for example http www adobe com instead of http www adobe com Set the link and enter for the link s URL or enter the base URL as the link s URL World Wide Web Link actions using the base URL should begin with a Base URL World Wide Web Full URL sent to Web browser Link Action URL http www adobe com http www adobe com http www adobe com http www adobe com http www adobe com blank http www adobe com 2 http www adobe com acrobat http www adobe com acrobat 1 Results in a 404 error from the Web browser 2 Acrobat displays the message There is no URL specified Please enter a valid URL regardless if a base URL has been defined 3 This example shows how World Wide Web Link actions should be configured when the base URL uses a con figuration that doesn t end in a Setting a Base URL in a PDF File 185 7 2 1 Using a Base URL to Set Up a Local Internet Site With a base URL links between HT
105. 4 bit color JPEG Continuous tone The degree of JPEG compression applied affects images e g pho file size reduced by discarding data from the tographs or paint image Different JPEG images hold up differently program graphics under various quality levels Files compressed too much may exhibit artifacts seen as rectangular splotches in the image continued 130 Chapter 5 Compression Type ZIP LZW LZW 4 bit CCITT Group 3 CCITT Group 4 Run Length Lossless Lossless Lossless Lossless Lossless Lossy Application Text Line art Screen shots color or grayscale Monochrome images with large areas of repeating patterns Text Line art Screen shots color or grayscale Monochrome images with large areas of repeating patterns 4 or 8 bit images created in paint pro grams Monochrome images e g line art Most monochrome images Monochrome images with large areas of black and white Description ZIP compresses data with no loss of information Decompression of ZIP compressed items may take lightly longer to display on slower systems v N P compression is only available in Acrobat 3 0 and later ZIP compressed documents cannot be pened in Acrobat 2 1 or earlier viewers O This compression method compresses data with no loss of information Decompression of LZW compressed items may take slightly longer to dis play on slower systems LZ
106. 40 x 480 Pixels in Netscape Browser lists several different page dimensions that open at Actual Size 100 magnification on monitors 640 x 480 pixels regardless of the magnification view selected Actual Size Fit Page or Fit Width while in Page Only Bookmarks and Page or Thumbnails and Page view The page dimensions in the table work in the default Netscape Navigator document window 488 x 293 pixels and text is Greeked if smaller than six pixels Resiz ing the Web browser s document window or disabling the Net scape Navigator toolbar items Toolbar Location etc will scale the page to best fit within the document window Note Six pixels is the default size at which text is Greeked in Acrobat viewers but can be changed in the Acrobat viewer s preferences Page Dimension Greeked Text Magnification View s 6 639 x 3 917 inches No 00 Actual Size Page Only 478 x 282 pixels 00 Fit Page 39 83 x 23 5 picas 00 Fit Width 4 555 x 3 917 inches No 00 Actual Size Page and Bookmarks 328 x 282 pixels 00 Fit Page Page and Thumbnails 27 33 x 23 5 picas 00 Fit Width Note Any document size that conforms to a 4 3 page size ratio will generally work with Fit Page view on a monitor at 640 x 480 pixels Designing PDF Documents for the Web 91 Print page dimensions Common print page dimensions can be used comfortably for both onscreen viewing and printing Given the small Web brows er document window in which m
107. 5 2 1 4 Distiller can be used on a network It can be configured to check and convert PostScript files dropped into defined folders Also Distiller can be controlled either over a network or locally with the interapplication communication IAC features present in most operating systems such as AppleEvents on Macintosh com puters or Windows messages on computers running Windows Adobe Acrobat Distiller Assistant When running Distiller Assistant converts files to PDF from the application in which they were created without the added step of first manually printing or saving the files as a PostScript file Additionally Distiller Assistant watches designated folders for new files and then launches Distiller to convert the PostScript files to PDF files Distiller Assistant also launches Distiller to con vert files to PDF files when a PostScript file is dragged and dropped on its icon Note While Acrobat Distiller also supports drag and drop proce dures it doesn t offer Assistant s customizable viewing termination and saving options described below Drag and drop actions vary by platform and operating system Check Adobe s documentation for system requirements and drag and drop actions specific to Distiller Distiller Assistant aids in the conversion of application files to PDF files by performing the following tasks m Converts PDF files in one easy step by printing directly to the Acrobat Distiller Monito
108. 6 1 5 Filename 146 6 1 6 Checking Security 146 6 1 7 Checking Image Color Saturation and Quality 146 6 1 8 Checking Image Clarity IA 6 1 9 Checking an Image s Rendering Time 148 6 1 10 Print Quality 149 6 1 11 Checking Embedded Fonts 150 6 1 12 Checking Subset Fonts n5t 384 Contents 6 1 13 Checking Font Legibility 152 6 1 14 Checking Document Colors 153 6 1 15 Checking a Document s Page Orientation 154 6 1 16 Checking a Document s Page Order 154 6 1 17 Checking Automatically Generated Interactive and 155 Navigational Objects 6 1 Modifying PDF Documents 155 6 2 1 Inserting Deleting Extracting and Replacing 156 Document Pages 6 2 2 Cropping Document Pages 156 6 2 3 Changing a Document s Page Orientation 158 6 2 4 Changing a Document s Page Order 159 6 2 5 Changing Text 159 6 2 6 Changing Interactive and Navigational Objects 160 7 Adding Interactive and Navigational 161 Objects a 71 Actions 162 7 1 1 Execute Menu Item Action 165 7 1 2 GoTo View Action 165 7 1 3 Import Form Data Action 67 7 1 4 Movie Action 168 7 1 5 None 170 Contents 385 7 16 Open File Action 170 7 1 7 Read Article 172 7 1 8 Reset Form Action 73 7 1 9 Sound Action 173 7 1 10 Submit Form Action 73 7 1 11 World Wide Web Link Action 174 7 1 12 Show Hide Annotation Action 182 7 1 13 Third Party Supported Actions 182 72 Setting a Base URL in a PDF File 182 7 2 1 Using a Base URL to Set Up a Local Internet Site 185 7 2 2 Te
109. CD ROM contains an Acrobat viewer program for Windows Macintosh DOS and UNIX it also contains a hypertext copy of the book on Acrobat sample Acrobat documents and an interactive graphi cal tutorial for using Acrobat John Wiley amp Sons Inc 305 Third Avenue New York New York 20258 Telephone 800 225 5945 ISBN 0 471 12789 2 Technical Support 277 10 2 Technical Support Adobe provides technical support for all its products Support is available via the Web telephone facsimile or BBS See the op tions listed below m The Adobe Web page http www adobe com supportser vice m The Adobe Acrobat Web page for help http www adobe com acrobat gethelp html m The CompuServe Forum GO ADOBE m America Online Keyword Adobe Adobe Online Message Board Adobe Acrobat Topic m Adobe FaxYI 206 628 5737 Request free technical notes by fax 24 hours a day 7 days a week For users outside of the U S and Canada contact your local distributor m Pay for support option U S only 900 555 2276 Each minute is 2 00 plus toll if applicable charges appear on your monthly telephone bill m Adobe Automated Technical Support 206 628 2757 A full time 24 hours a day 7 days a week computer driven diagnostic system with answers to the most commonly asked questions m Adobe Electronic BBS 206 623 6984 Receive detailed instructions on how to use the BBS and FaxYI service by calling 206
110. DF docu ment don t match up the colors are correct PageMaker includes a script that adds all the 8 bit colors to PageMaker s color library providing a palette of non shifting colors from which to choose Checking a Document s Page Orientation All PDF files that will be viewed within a Web browser and even those to be viewed from FTP and Gopher servers should be ori ented so that the text doesn t require rotation to be read See Section 6 2 3 Changing a Document s Page Orientation for information on rotating the page if necessary Checking a Document s Page Order When using document page numbers page numbers that appear on the pages themselves be sure that these page numbers match the page numbers assigned by an Acrobat viewer If they do not match consider either removing the document page numbers or reordering the pages perhaps by adding blank pages Also see Section 6 2 4 Changing a Document s Page Order Modifying PDF Documents 155 6 1 17 6 2 Checking Automatically Generated Interactive and Navigational Objects PDF savvy creator applications often automatically create inter active and navigational objects links bookmarks notes etc Often these creator applications don t provide total control over the actions attributes and positioning of the objects they create Before publishing a PDF file on the Internet examine these objects and make any necessary changes Attribut
111. DF files Populating PDF forms with a FDF file requires the transmission of the file to the user Rather than sending the entire PDF file or page send only the FDF file When sending HTML forms both the HTML and the HTML form s values and properties must be sent When received the FDF file populates the form by setting the form field values according to the FDF file FDF files can populate a PDF form by the import FDF file action see Section 7 1 3 Import Form Data Action Additionally with the assistance of a server CGI script or application forms can be populated as a response to query from a form query Creating Scripts and Applications That Generate FDF Data Scripts that process and create FDF data can be written like the scripts that process URL encoded HTML data Popular scripting and application programming languages e g Perl Java C etc can be used with FDF files Script and applications that present ly process HTML data can be modified easily to process and to respond with FDF data For detailed information on the FDF file structure see the most recent release of the PDF language spec Also check Adobe s Web site s developer area for information and sample data PDF File and Server Security 253 Search Enabling PDF Files Searching multiple PDF files or collections of PDF files on an 8 10 Internet server is supported by third party search engine solu tions A number of Internet servers
112. Decrease the level of compression by increasing the quality settings Resolution downsampling reduces the number of pixels used to describe an object Set a higher resolution than the level currently set to preserve the quality Checking an Image s Rendering Time Some images especially CMYK images can take longer to render onscreen than RGB images Depending on the selected compres sion downsampling and color matching options selected when the file was converted to a PDF file some images may take longer than others to render Evaluate the rendering times for images from the perspective of the intended user Note Take into account the time it takes to render the image to the printer or off line perhaps when the image is read from the Acrobat viewer s cache The printer and CPU s processor speed as well as the color bit depth of the user monitor also affect the rendering time of images Consider increasing the compression or decreasing the resolution of particularly slow rendering and printing images Slow rendering EPS graphics Complex EPS graphics often require significantly more time to render than bitmap images Each vector of the EPS must be PDF File Evaluation 149 6 1 10 drawn individually the more vectors the longer the rendering time To decrease the time required to render especially complex and thus slow rendering EPS graphics convert them to bitmap images in an image editing application
113. Description required Compose Windows 3 x No Software Partners Inc Automates bookmark and link Windows 95 creation compiles PDF docu Windows NT ments and generates headers and footers InfoLinker Windows 3 x No Alliant Defense Automatically generates hyper Windows 95 Electronics Systems Inc links between text references and the referred document item InternetLink Macintosh Yes University of Embeds Universal Resource Minnesota Locators URL within a PDF file Movie Tool Macintosh Yes Adobe Systems Inc Incorporates multimedia objects Windows 3 x into PDF file Windows NT Windows 95 Re Mark Windows 3 x Yes Software Partners Inc Adds an extensive number of Windows NT object options including media Windows 95 files notes text etc SuperPrefs Macintosh No Adobe Systems Inc Adds a number of features for Windows 3 x cropping bookmark manage Windows NT ment and page tiling Windows 95 TranZform Windows 3 x Yes VerTec Solutions Inc Adds form functionality to PDF Windows 95 files both creation and fill in VerZions Windows 3 x No VerTec Solutions Inc Workflow and automation cata Windows NT loging and indexing Windows 95 Volume Windows 3 x No Computerised Allows the compilation of many Builder Windows 95 Document Control Ltd discrete documents into a single volume Weblink Macintosh Yes Adobe Systems Inc Embeds Universal Resource Windows 3 x Locators URL within a PDF file Windows NT Windows 95 UNIX
114. Examine the quality of images Can they be viewed at rea sonable magnifications without losing significant quality or resolution m Check the embedded font list Are the proper fonts and only the proper fonts embedded and subset m Is the PDF files document information correct Make modifications with Acrobat Exchange if necessary Do the colors in the original document match the PDF file with reasonable variances m Are the orientation and dimensions of each page in the PDF file correct m Can the dimensions of the PDF document be reduced to eliminate excess white space margins headers footers etc m Is the page order correct Do the Acrobat page numbers match the page numbers that appear on the original docu ment s pages PDF File Evaluation 139 m Are there spelling errors or words which need to be edited or replaced Do some words need to be styled with a differ ent font size style or color re PDF File Evaluation After conversion from PostScript open the PDF file in Acrobat Exchange inspect the file and make any required changes Adobe Acrobat Exchange allows the modification of whole pages or portions of text in a PDF file As the content circumstances and use of the PDF file change the file may need to be re evaluated and other changes made Examine the attributes of the entire PDF file For Internet pub lishing the goal is the smallest PDF file possible to allow speed
115. F MIME type on most platforms See Tables 7 6 3 through Table 7 6 12 below to compare the HTML PDF form types 200 Chapter 7 HTML Form PDF Forms LABEL PDF forms don t add labels like HTML forms Add the labeled as the form is designed in INPUT TYPE n Se NAME n En VALUE n En he creator application See Section 7 7 Form Design for more information ect the Text field type in the Field Properties dialog box er the name in the Field Properties dialog box er a default value in the Default Value field by clicking the Text Options tab in the Field Properties dialog box SIZE n The field size is determined by the field s border size MAXLENGTH n In the Field Properties dialog box click the Limit of n Characters button in the Text Options field and enter the maximum number of characters a user can enter in the field Table 7 6 3 HTML and PDF Form Comparisons Text Field and Password Field PDF text fields have a password field option just like the HTML password text field input type lt INPUT TYPE password gt In the Field Properties dialog box click Password button in the Text Options field When a user enters text in the field the text will appear as asterisks HTML Form PDF Forms LABEL INPUT TYPE checkbox NAME n VALUE ON CHECKED PDF forms don t add labels like HTML forms Add the label as the form is designed in the creator application See Section 7 7
116. F file by using the RunFile procedure One drawback to this is that all of the PostScript files included are loaded into Distiller s RAM partition and can cause a LIMITCHECK error You can force Distiller to flush its RAM after processing each PostScript file by using the proce dure in FaxYl 4403 rather than he RunFile procedure More information is available from the Adobe FaxY 4403 continued Troubleshooting Web Server Errors 263 Problem Platform Solution After inserting a page in Windows The problem is that one document has one font character sub Exchange or merging set while the merged document has another character subset PostScript files together by When merging PDF files that contain different character subsets using the RUNFILE com of a font with duplicate names in Exchange only one character mand some of the docu subset can be used Characters in the combined PDF file that are ment s characters display not included in the character subset display incorrectly incorrectly More information is available from the Adobe FaxYI 4410 Distiller gives a Error All Reduce the size of the page to be distilled Distiller and Exchange configuration error support a maximum page size of 45 by 45 inches Offending Command set More information is available from the Adobe FaxYI 4437 pageparams error when distilling a PostScript file Consistent reproducible All Add debugging statements to the
117. F file format by using established models of interactivity These interactive and navigational objects include hypertext cues forward and back buttons and other easily identifiable interactive objects and icons All these objects take advantage of and complement the com pelling and rich graphic design capabilities extended to the Web from print publishing programs and graphic design software While modeling PDF interactive cues after established HTML Web interactive objects would contribute to intuitive highly usable documents using HTML Web page layout as a defining model for PDF design would waste the capabilities PDF extends to a publisher Likewise applying the defined model of print publishing to an interactive dynamic media would result in visu ally rich documents that are hard to use and navigate The design of a PDF document borrows from a number of de sign navigational and interaction ideas that originated in relat ed fields such as desktop publishing multimedia authoring and 88 Chapter 4 4 1 1 Web page design Excellent Web published PDF files are de signed with an understanding of how these publishing fields interrelate and complement design Documents used on the Internet or simply viewed on the In ter net and potentially printed need to conform to both onscreen and print design parameters dictated by hardware e g common printer page dimensions and resolutions Note Some may argue that
118. FDF files HTML vs PDF 205 HTML vs PDF 195 198 overview 1934194 replacing HTML with PDF 195 Forms Data Format files See FDF files FrameMaker 109 11 Ii FTP sites configuring for PDF files World Wide Web Link action syn tax for 181 G Gateway Conversion Technologies B57 GhostView I7 GIF files 73 glyphs font 133 Gopher sites configuring for PDF files World Wide Web Link action syn tax for 18i T ita tect Go To View action 1654166 19 1 graphics See also color 370 Index file optimization and 36 file size reduction and 142 importing tool for 333 printing See printing grayscale images compressing 128 1 p iH30 Greeked text 90 192 Gymnast 290 H Handler Information 165 Hide Show Annotation action 182 Highlight Server HLS plug in 310 334 home pages setting World Wide Web Link to STENTS HTML files content for See content embedding PDF files in as Internet standard 59 760 linking to PDF files 246 PDF files vs 7 i forms See forms hyperlinks See also links overview 40 hypertext links See also links as common Web design element Bo Hypertext Markup Language See HTML image archive servers PDF on 83 84 images See graphics Seite Import Form Data action 167168 Import plug in 333 indexes See also searching for graphics 84 Information Server 303 installing Acrobat problems with Inde
119. FF and sfl on Mac intosh and AIFF and WAV on Windows systems Submit Form Action Choosing the Submit Form action opens the URL and Field Selection dialog box Enter the destination URL of the script or application that will be processing the form data In the Export Format section of the dialog box select either the Forms Data 174 Chapter 7 7 1 11 Format FDF or HTML URL encoded The Field Selection area of the dialog box presents the following options for the exporting of form data export all fields in the form all fields except a select list or only a selected list of fields To export empty fields those with no values select the Include Empty Fields option The target script or application can send data back in the FDF format during processing to effect changes to the form The response coming back from the server via the processing script or application must be a URL that ends with FDE These changes could include populating form fields with processed data changing the appearance action and other attributes of the field or form and a wide variety of other actions See Section 7 1 3 Import Form Data Action for more information on importing FDF data to make modifications in a form Note To simply export form data as an FDF file rather than sub mitting the data for processing use Acrobat Exchange 3 0 or later and choose File gt Export Form The exported form data is saved as an FDF
120. Form Design for more information Select the Checkbox field type in the Field Properties dialog box Enter the name in the Field Properties dialog box By default On is entered in the Export Value field found in the Checkbox Options tab in the Field Properties dialog box Click the Default is Checked box in the Checkbox Options tab in the Field Properties dialog box PDF forms have an option to select a custom check mark check circle cross diamond square or star rather than the standard HTML check mark Forms 201 HTML Form PDF Forms LABEL PDF forms don t add labels like HTML forms Add the label as the form is INPUT TYPE radio NAME n VALUE ON CHECKED designed in the creator application See Section 7 7 Form Design for more information Select the Radio Button field type in the Field Properties dialog box Enter the name in the Field Properties dialog box By default On is entered in the Export Value field found in Radio Button Options tab in the Field Properties dialog box Click the Default is Checked box in the Radio Button Options tab in the Field Properties dialog box r agg ha x w _______ Table 7 6 5 HTML and PDF Form Comparisons Radio Button PDF forms have an option to select a custom radio button mark check circle cross diamond square or star rather than the standard HTML bullet HTML Form PDF Forms LABEL INP
121. Guide for information on selecting printer drivers and generating Post Script files The PostScript Printer Driver Use a PostScript printer driver that supports PostScript Level 2 PostScript Level 1 drivers do not support many of the features that are useful in making PDF files Most applications and sys tem software allow the selection of a PostScript Printer De scription PPD as the printer driver For Macintosh use LaserWriter 8 1 or later For Windows 95 use the PostScript mini driver developed with Adobe Systems which supports and uses both PPDs and Windows Printer Descriptions WPD For other operating systems use the resi dent system s PostScript printer driver or install the Adobe PS Printer Adobe ships its own PostScript printer driver PS Printer Macintosh or Adobe PS Driver PC for use with creator appli cations With the PS Printer and other PostScript printer dri vers installed almost every software package capable of printing can be used to generate PostScript files 120 Chapter 5 5 1 2 Note Acrobat 3 0 ships with the Adobe printer driver for Macintosh and Windows Adobe recommends using this printer driver when generating PostScript files Selecting the Distiller PostScript Printer Description PPD File Every operating system and application handles the selection of a PostScript Printer Description file differently Check the oper ating system s documentation to lea
122. High resolutions 600 to 72 dpi maximum for screen 2540 dpi Color separations No separations required for screen use Custom page sizes Page sizes limited by screen dimensions PostScript file resolution reduction when con verting to a PDF file using Acrobat Distiller no affect on the print based job Maximum resolu tion of Distiller versions 1 0 through 2 1 is 144 dpi Acrobat 3 0 increases the maximum reso lution to 1200 dpi PDF supports color separations and can con vert CMYK images to RGB images when con verting a PostScript file to a PDF file CMYK to RGB conversion either off or on is an advanced job option in Distiller 3 0 Distiller 2 1 converts CMYK to RGB by default to conserve file size and improve onscreen display This 2 1 option can be disabled by modifying Distiller s startup script PDF viewers enable page zooming and custom scaling of pages to fit the dimensions of a mon itor or Web browser no effect on the print based job Supported by Acrobat 1 0 and later Table 3 1 2 Concurrent Publishing Print versus Web Requirements Content Development Strategies 55 Print Requirements No size limitations Automated indexing cross referencing Margins for footers headers page numbers and binding Web Requirements Small file sizes bytes Context and hypertext links Maximum screen use for content print elements not needed Acrobat Solut PostScript
123. Home Page PDF and HTML Integration outlines some options for integrating PDF and HTML home pages Integration of HTML and PDF files helps the Internet publisher avoid alien ating those without the capability to view PDF files either with an Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browser or as a downloaded file viewed in an Acrobat helper application Supporting PDF Files with HTML Markup HTML files can open a PDF file and vice versa or have a PDF file embedded within them Opening to a PDF file or any other 8 6 format the Web browser cannot read directly passes control to an in line helper application or begins the download of the tar get PDF file An Acrobat viewer helper application commonly an Acrobat Reader is launched to view the file In line helper applications like Acrobat 3 0 viewers open the PDF file in the Web browser s document window Supporting PDF with HTML Markup 245 Configuration Acrobat 3 0 Compatible Embed a PDF file in HTML Displays the HTML document with the embedded PDF file Two versions of the home Follows the HTML link to view the page Initial page has links home page and parts of the Web to PDF files or to the HTML site as a PDF file version of the site similar to the enhanced or text only constructions 2 Uses a CGI script or Java The script or applet senses that the applet to determine the Web browser can view PDF files in Web browser s capabilities line A PDF home page is
124. Job Options PageMaker 6 0 While the bookmark s hierarchy is set according to the table of content the expanded or contracted nature of the hierarchy cannot be set from within PageMaker The link s style line color size etc cannot be predefined but can be changed in Acrobat Exchange By default PageMaker created links appear as invisible rectangles that invert when clicked Applying threads to stories may be defined by a story s number of characters or selected manually from a list of all stories within the file or book Some of a note s attributes including title text within the note and the note s opened or closed display status can be controlled Note placement font selection color dimensions and information cannot be set from within PageMaker Document information including the title author subject and keywords can be set from within PageMaker before converting the PageMaker file to a PDF file PDF Savvy Creator Applications 109 Note The PageMaker user guide has further details on creating PDF files from PageMaker 4 3 2 Using Adobe FrameMaker 5 0 FrameMaker 5 0 supports PDF navigational and interactive objects directly by selecting the Generate Acrobat Data option from the Print dialog box Selecting the option embeds pdfmarks in the PostScript language file created for the document HTML markup is also supported by FrameMaker FrameMaker also has a run time viewer for viewing native Fra
125. K images to RGB images typically results in a smaller image CMYK images are useful for high end print jobs but have little use for Internet published PDF files Preserve OPI Comments Checked on Preserve Overprint Settings Checked on Preserve Halftone Screen Information Checked on Transfer Functions Preserve selected Under Color Removal Black Generation Preserve selected Color Conversion Depends on use of color and audience 5 2 5 Naming the PDF File Facilitate file management on a variety of computer platforms DOS UNIX Macintosh OS 2 etc and computer media for mats hard drives CD ROMs LANs etc by naming PDF files according to the ISO 9660 file naming convention ISO 9660 is a subset of the MS DOS file naming convention that allows the use of only the uppercase English letters A through Z the digits 0 through 9 plus the underscore and period characters Filenames are formed with any of these valid characters a period and a three character extension generally used to identify the file type Use PDF as the three character file extension An ISO 9660 file hierarchy is limited to eight folder levels Using Acrobat Distiller 135 Note Using other file naming conventions often platform specific may result in a truncated filename which removes the PDF file name extension This causes some Web browsers to read the PDF file as text or to return an error To better identify the cont
126. K to create custom publishing solutions facilitated by a custom designed Acrobat plug in The plug in system has proved successful for other Adobe prod ucts such as Adobe Photoshop Adobe Illustrator and Adobe PageMaker Plug ins for these programs allow integration with PDF files Adobe PageMaker includes a plug in that enables publishers to create a PDF file that includes the interactive fea tures of PDF without ever touching Exchange Other software companies extend an application s features to embrace the interactive and navigational objects of PDF with XTensions used with QuarkXPress filters and macros See Appendix J Acrobat Related Creator Application Plug ins for a list of these companies and their products Chapter 2 2 2 What is the Portable Document Format The Portable Document Format PDF is the file format used by Adobe Acrobat and PDF compatible products see Appendix K Converting Other File Types to PDF It is an open cross plat form file format that represents documents independent of the software hardware and the operating system used to create the file PDF preserves the fidelity of electronic documents enabling information to be distributed in a single format across the Internet and other media This means that a PDF document created on a Macintosh computer can be viewed by a Windows 95 user after downloading the PDF file from a Web site running UNIX The Portable Document
127. ML and PDF files and some other files types that reside locally on a laptop office or home computer can be set up and tested Setting the base URL to the file path of the local drive allows a fully functioning Internet site without any server supported actions to be constructed This locally mounted working version of the Internet site then can be published globally by revising the base URL to the server s transport protocol commonly HTTP for Web sites the server s domain name e g www adobe com and subdirectories e g acrobat and uploading the files to the appropriate directories on the Internet server Here s how to create a base URL to a file path 1 Create a directory or folder in which to place all the Web documents For Macintosh create a folder on the Desktop called WWW_Site PC or UNIX machine users should cre ate a directory at the root level named WWW_Site C WWW_Site for example 2 Place the PDF files and HTML pages within the directory Note that any files linked to another file not in the WWW Site directory will result in an error now and after the files are uploaded to a Web server 3 Additional folders or directories can be created within the WWW Site directory m For Macintosh users the base URL to WWW_Site is file Hard 20Drive Desktop 20Folder WWW_Site Use the 20 instead of a blank space Note that Hard Drive is the name of the computer s hard drive 186 Chap
128. Maker 5 0 users can use xMan software s PDF Navigator to assist with link creation from a table of contents with bookmark creation and with PostScript file creation See Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins for more infor mation about PDF Navigator from xMan software For concurrent print and Internet publishing PageMaker 6 0 can be configured with different printer styles see the Adobe Page Maker User Guide to allow settings specifically for PDF files and other settings for traditional print output PageMaker 6 0 supports a PDF and HTML integration strategy using Adobe s HTML Plug in included with Adobe PageMaker 6 0 and later The plug in allows the creation and publication of print PDF and HTML files from PageMaker 6 0 PDF Object Description Bookmarks Table 4 3 1 Bookmarks are generated from a PageMaker file s automatically generated table of contents and index To create bookmarks from a document s table of contents select File gt Create Adobe PDF gt PDF Options gt Create Bookmarks Bookmark hierarchy is defined by the table of contents To create bookmarks from a document s index select File gt Create Adobe PDF gt PDF Options gt Create Bookmarks One bookmark appears for each occurrence of the indexed em on a page A bookmark s Go To View action magnification may be set in the PDF Options dialog box See Section 7 1 2 Go To View Action for more information on Go To View
129. PDF files an Acrobat viewer cannot display a FDF file only import the data into its corresponding form fields FDF files are much simpler than PDF files as they contain only information about the data and any objects within the file PDF search engines given the simplicity of the file cannot index FDF files FDF files are comprised of a one line header FDF 1 2 for Acro bat 3 0 created FDF files a body that contains the form field data and other objects and a trailer that contains additional information about the FDF file itself and the final line of the FDF file More information about the FDF file structure can be found in the most recent PDF language spec Experiment with FDF by focusing on the FDF file parts To alter the form s appearance when importing a FDF file create a form and export the form as a FDF file Create another form with the same names as the fields in the first PDF file Give these fields dif ferent appearances values options etc Export a FDF file for use Appendices as the second PDF file Open both FDF files in a text editor Copy the form data from the second FDF file over the first Import the modified FDF file into the first PDF file to view the changes Appendix D Interapplication Communication and Web Browsers Adobe Acrobat s capability to display PDF files within Acrobat 3 0 savvy PDF Web browsers is accomplished through interap plication communication IAC IAC allows the Acrobat v
130. PDF files b pa w x lt gt Query gt User Web Browser Acrobat Viewer Form based Web Indexing Engine C Index x Result of Query Display of matching terms all ind in document in exed PDF files indexer specific 42 Chapter 2 Security and PDF File Protection As an option PDF files can be encrypted with RSA Data Security Incorporated s RC4 Symmetric Stream Cipher This very strong password protection scheme enables publishers to protect their documents at the client level as a user is opening or down loading a document Both off line Acrobat viewers and viewers working with Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browsers require the correct password to gain access This additional security which is supplemental to what the server can provide helps publishers further protect their documents Web publishers will find that PDF provides a new level of docu ment level security PDF supports a security feature that pre vents the copying of text and graphics from a document This features does not prevent screen captures however As an op tion PDF files can be set to prevent users from making changes and printing a document Password changes and preventive security options can be protected by requiring another unique password before changes can be made to the PDF file Extending the Capabilities of PDF Files and Software The Portable Document Format is e
131. PageMaker 6 0 5 0 PageMaker 6 0 includes support for PDF with Adobe s Create PDF Plug in included with PageMaker 6 0 Through this Plug in PageMaker embeds pdfmark operators within the PostScript file it generates to automatically add links article threads notes book marks document information and other objects to a PDF file PageMaker also controls the PostScript file to PDF conversion process by printing or saving the document to a PostScript file launching Acrobat Distiller and then converting the PostScript file to PDE The Plug in controls Distiller s Job Options see Section 5 2 Using Acrobat Distiller which override Distiller s preset or default settings Custom settings then can be sent with out the need to preconfigure or intervene in the automated con version process For Acrobat Distiller 2 1 users PageMaker has an optional Job Option item that converts CMYK images to RGB images This CMYK to RGB conversion is possible with 2 1 Distillers but the option doesn t appear in the Distiller 2 1 user interface It is only accessible by editing the startup script described in Appendix H Setting Options in Distiller s Startup Directory PDF Sawvy Creator Applications 107 Earlier versions of PageMaker also can produce PDF by out putting PostScript language files and then launching the Distiller However the direct automated PDF linking features built into PageMaker 6 0 are not available Page
132. Portable Document Format PDF Adobe s open specification PostScript The page description lan guage from Adobe PostScript lan guage instructions are created by a software application in conjunction with a PostScript printer driver producer application converting files to PDF files appli Specific to cations include Acrobat Distiller 298 Glossary PDF Writer and other third party software progressive rendering Specific to PDF files progressive rendering displays the first text portions of a PDF page after downloading essential page and security infor mation then interactive and navi gational objects followed by images then fonts and thumbnails as needed prospero munication between clients and A protocol used for com servers in the Archie system It enables users to organize the con tents of remote file servers into a customized virtual file system QuickTime mat for storing and playing back A proprietary file for sound graphics and video Devel oped by Apple Computer Inc QuickTime viewers are available for both PC and Macintosh systems RGB images Images that are described using the combination of the colors Red Green and Blue Common for onscreen image dis plays RTF Rich Text Format Developed by Microsoft Corporation RTF saves a text file with its basic for matting and some page layout font information and colored text The file format is useful
133. PostScript code to help isolate untraceable error when dis he cause of the error When each page or EPS graphic in the tilling a PostScript file PostScript file is preceded by a debugging statement the Distiller s Message window indicates whether that element was processed successfully or resulted in a PostScript error ore information is available from the Adobe FaxY 4439 The following error appears A ake sure that the folder or directory in which the base 14 Type 1 in Distiller when you onts are installed is listed in Distiller s Font Locations dialog box attempt to distill a PostScript ore information is available from the Adobe FaxY 4442 file that contains text Error invalidfont Offending Command find font Stack Font font name 9 4 Troubleshooting Web Server Errors A number of non Acrobat or PDF file related errors may result when viewing or downloading PDF files Most errors result from a malformed or incorrectly entered World Wide Web Link action URL embedded in a PDF or HTML file 264 Chapter 9 9 4 1 Server Errors Server errors originate for a number of reasons Hypertext Trans fer Protocol version 1 0 defines four server responses These responses provide feedback to users as to why a requested action was not completed HTTP 1 0 defines these responses numeri cally as a 5xx status code Status Code Description 500 Internal Server Error Something unexpected occurred on
134. Sizes at 100 for Monitors 640 x 480 Pixels in Netscape Navigator Common Page Size Magnification View and Greeked Text Comparisons Common Navigational Actions Typefaces Font Format Issues1 PDF Form Fields Types Creator Application Selection Issues Interactive and Navigational Objects Supported by PageMaker IN Sy 100 O ion 12 10r IN oOo 12 io IN yo SQ 19 ms 10 Ss S 10 10 UL IW a s 1O gt Tables 395 Table 4 3 2 Table 4 3 3 Table 4 3 4 Table 5 1 1 Table 5 2 1 Table 5 2 2 Table 5 2 3 Table 5 2 4 Table 5 2 5 Table 6 1 1 Table 6 1 2 Table 6 1 3 Table 6 1 4 Table 6 1 5 Table 6 2 1 Table 6 2 2 Table 7 1 1 Table 7 1 2 Interactive and Navigational Objects Supported by FrameMaker 5 0 FrameMaker Hypertext to PDF Objects Interactive and Navigational Objects Supported by Ventura 5 0 and later ver sions Common Printer Driver Options Distiller Job Option Descriptions General Distiller Job Option Descriptions Compression Distiller Compression Options Distiller Job Option Descriptions Font Embedding Distiller Job Option Descriptions Advanced PDF File Evaluation and Modification Checklist File Size Reduction Options File Attributes Common Print and Onscreen Overcompression Symptoms Checking which Fonts Are Embedded in a PDF File Modifying PDF Documents Inserting Deleting Extracting and Rep
135. Symbol font is used as if it were embedded in the PDF file because it is installed on the user s system 2 Substituted fonts are not embedded 6 1 13 Checking Font Legibility Check the onscreen and print quality of substitute fonts To dis play a list of substitute fonts if any select Select File gt Docu ment Info gt Fonts Substitute fonts are fonts that are used when names or font type e g TrueType Type 1 or Multiple Master fonts don t match the original font If a substitute font differs substantially either onscreen or when printed the font may be embedded Convert the PostScript file again and embed the poorly substituted font Distinctive fonts used conservatively or as initial caps within the document can be subset adding marginally to the PDF s final file size Embed ding the font increases the final PDF file size but with the bene fit of exact font matching Adobe Sans Serif and Adobe Serif typefaces are used to substitute for unavailable sans serif and serif fonts respectively However PDF File Evaluation 153 6 1 14 a few specific TrueType fonts Arial and Times New Roman have been special cased as other substitution fonts Checking Document Colors Check the PDF document to ensure that the colors match the original colors as closely as possible Acrobat through PostScript Level 2 s support of device independent color is based on RGB and CMYK colors and the internationa
136. TML and PDF Form Comparisons Hidden 1 In addition to the Hidden value which every PDF form field type has available there are three other attributes that are available read only required and don t print HTML Form PDF Forms LABEL INPUT TYPE SUBMIT NAME n VALUE n PDF forms don t add labels like HTML forms The label should be added as the form is designed in the creator application See Section 7 7 Form Design for more informa tion Submit PDF forms data to a URL as either FDF or URL encoded HTML data Buttons fields links or bookmarks can be set to perform submit form actions All the fields in a PDF form may be submitted or only specific fields See Section 7 6 6 Form Field Actions for a discussion of the various ways to trigger a submission of form data Enter the name in the Field Properties dialog box Enter a default value in the Default Value field by clicking the field type s Options tab in the Field Properties dialog box Forms 203 HTML Form LABEL INPUT TYPE RESET NAME n VALUE n PDF Forms PDF forms don t add labels like HTML forms Add the label as the form is designed in the creator application See Section 7 7 Form Design for more information Like HTML forms the Reset Form action removes any user entered text and resets the fields and choices to the defaults Buttons fields links or bookmarks can be set to perform Reset Form act
137. UT TYPE IMAGE PDF forms don t add labels like HTML forms Add the label as the form is designed in the creator application See Section 7 7 Form Design for more information A link or form field button may be used to simulate the HTML action The Button form field option enables the direct import of an image specific to the button see Table 7 6 14 PDF Field Properties Field Options Unlike the HTML IMAGE type action which implies TYPE SUBMIT a PDF button s action can be any PDF file action type Use any part of the PDF page Icons can be imported for use as PDF form buttons This feature is simulated in PDF forms by the placement of the button in the PDF doc ument or is dictated by the document s layout 202 Chapter 7 HTML Form PDF Forms LABEL PDF forms don t add labels like HTML forms Add the label as the form is designed in INPUT TYPE HIDDEN NAME n VALUE n the creator application See Section 7 7 Form Design for more information Set the Hidden option by selecting the General tab in the Field Properties dialog box Form field with the Hidden option selected Any PDF form field type can be hidden The submitted value varies by field type For fields with export values the export value is submitted Enter the name in the Field Properties dialog box Enter a default value in the Default Value field by clicking the field type s Options tab in the Field Properties dialog box Table 7 6 7 H
138. View Options 226 7 12 2 Window Options 225 7 12 3 Interface Options 230 713 Using Plug ins to Automatically Add Navigational 230 and Interactive Objects 7 13 1 Object Automation Plug ins 231 714 Optimizing PDF Files for the World Wide Web 233 7 14 1 Batch Optimization of PDF Files 233 8 Publishing PDF Files on the Internet 235 8 1 Watched Directories over the Internet 236 8 2 Configuring Web Servers for PDF Files 237 8 2 1 Configuring the Server with the PDF MIME Type 238 8 2 2 Serving PDF Pages on Demand 239 8 2 3 Installing the Byteserver Script Nr 1 1 388 Contents 8 3 Configuring FTP and Gopher Sites for PDF Files 242 8 3 1 Configuring a Gopher Server to Support PDF Files 242 8 3 2 Configuring a FTP Server to Support PDF Files 243 84 Emailing PDF Files 243 8 5 Serving PDF Files as Home Pages 244 8 6 Supporting PDF Files with HTML Markup 244 8 6 1 Linking from HTML to PDF Files 246 8 6 2 Embedding PDF Files into HTML 246 87 Uploading PDF Files 248 8 7 1 PDF File Encoding and Compression Cautions 248 8 7 2 PDF File Upload Formats 248 8 8 Web Site Design Issues and Etiquette for 249 Publishing Content 8 8 1 Acrobat Viewer Sources 249 8 8 2 File Size 250 8 8 3 Assigning Icons to PDF Files 250 8 9 Processing PDF Forms Data 251 8 9 1 Processing FDF files 251 8 9 2 Populating PDF Forms with FDF files 252 8 9 3 Creating Scripts and Applications That Generate FDF 252 Data s10 Search Enabling PDF Files 253 811
139. W usually is not the best compression method or continuous tone images such as photographs LZW 4 bit applies LZW compression and converts 8 bit image data to 4 bit whereas LZW applies LZW compression but does not change the bit depth Group 3 compression is used for compressing monochrome images one line at a time This com pression technology was invented for and is com monly used in facsimile machines to speed transmission The results of this type of CCITT compression are often less than desirable CCITT Group 4 is a general purpose method CCITT Group 4 produces good compression for most types of monochrome images A redundancy reduction technique often used in facsimiles Table 5 2 3 continued Distiller Compression Options 1 Photographs commonly in the form of continuous tone images can grow in file size if LZW compressed 2 Consultative Committee on International Telephony and Telegraphy 3 Monochrome images can be compressed by CCITT Group 3 CCITT Group 4 LZW or Run Length Using Acrobat Distiller 131 5 2 3 Distiller s Font Embedding Job Options Embedding a font in a PDF file adds the actual font metrics that most systems and applications use to display and print a typeface to the PDF file Embedded font data is used by Acrobat to display and print type and fonts Acrobat Distiller 3 0 can embed all pop ular font formats See the Acrobat Distiller Online Guide for a list
140. Web server the PDF file must be viewed in a Web browser see Section 7 1 10 Submit Form Action Note Netscape 3 0 or later is required to send FDF data to a URL See the Adobe Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat for a list of other Web browsers that can send FDF form data Most of the characteristics of form fields and buttons share sim ilarities with HTML form fields and buttons Forms in Acrobat documents can be constructed for online submission of form data such as HTML forms as forms that users fill out and print or both Unlike HTML forms data can be imported into a PDF form to populate the form s fields Only FDF files can pop ulate PDF form fields PDF forms can extend the interactive nature of form fields with one or more actions dependent on mouse location action and other states See Section 7 6 6 Form Field Actions for a listing of these definable actions Note Forms discussed here should not be confused with the PDF Language Reference Manual s XObject Form Forms 195 7 6 1 Forms HTML or PDF PDF forms use the same field types as HTML 2 0 forms as defined by RFC 1866 ftp ds internic net rfc 1866 In contrast PDF forms have a number of features that make them a better choice for user specific queries information processing and printing However before choosing a form format PDF or HTML consult Section 3 2 Content Formats PDF or HTML to decide which fil
141. a creator application file can be accomplished easily often in one step by using Acrobat Distiller Assistant See the Distiller 3 0 Online Guide A single creator application can be selected for the layout of doc uments and later for the conversion to PDF files However PostScript files or the resulting PDF files from any number of different applications desktop publishing spreadsheet and graphics can be combined into a single PDF file allowing sever al creator applications to create a single PDF document Depending on individual documents and publishing strategies consider the following issues when selecting the most appropri ate creator application Choosing Creator Applications 105 Issues Description Installed base creator applications Applications that are used for other publishing efforts and other pur poses allow PostScript file and some PDF files creation with minimal staff training and expense Concurrent publishing strategists often find this issue the most advantageous Support for HTML Allows HTML PDF integration publishing efforts to standardize on a sin gle creator application that can be used for the creation of both HTML and PDF files Support for PDF files and objects PDF sawvy creator applications automate the addition of interactive nav igational and general PDF file specific attributes including conversion for some applications See Section 4 3 PDF Savvy Creator Applications
142. acmillan Com puter Publishing USA Adobe Press books are available wherever books about computers or the communication arts are sold Visit the Adobe Systems web site at www adobe com for recent additions to the 1 Adobe Press library ADOBE PRESS
143. al file Note The first page of a PDF file as a general rule should be rela tively small so it downloads as quickly as possible especially when this page contains the navigational links to the rest of the content result in missing or extraneous pages These errors are often caused by blank pages in the original file or application errors How to use the RunFile command which combines two or more PDF File Evaluation 143 PostScript files into a single PDF file is described in Distiller s help file procedure see Appendix H Setting Options in Dis tiller s Startup Directory Note The quickest route to delete extraneous pages is with Acrobat Exchange see Section 6 2 1 Inserting Deleting Extracting and Replacing Document Pages However avoid importing pages into a file by using Acrobat Exchange because the addition of subset fonts to the whole file can greatly increase file size Thumbnails Thumbnails add about 3 5 kilobytes per page per thumbnail to a PDF file This calls into question their usefulness in most Internet published documents Note Thumbnails may be created with Acrobat Exchange or with Acrobat Distiller when the PostScript file is converted to a PDF file Distiller versions 1 0 2 0 or 2 1 Document Information During conversion Distiller compiles and includes information about the document This information includes the application in which the file was created origina
144. alog format allows Acro bat Catalog generated indices to be used by the Topic Internet Server Filters also turn more than 50 common office file types into searchable text viewable in any Web browser Topic Internet Server is available for Sun Solaris UNIX Sparc SunOS HP VX RS 6000 Windows NT SGI IRIX MIPS and DEC Alpha UNIX Verity SearchPDF for Web Servers SearchPDF for Web Servers enables full text search and retrieval of PDF files with search term highlighting and page on demand viewing from a Netscape plug in and Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browser Found PDF documents are displayed in any Web browser that supports Acrobat 3 0 with search term highlights Based on the user s query all the matching search terms are high lighted in the PDF file This feature has been available for local ly indexed searching since Acrobat Catalog was introduced 310 Appendices SearchPDF for Web Servers brings this functionality to the Web with External Markup Language XML which extends existing mark up languages e g HTML and SGML to enable term highlighting The XML standard has been developed by Verity in conjunction with Adobe Netscape and other industry partners Note The Highlight Server Plug in HLS which enables search term highlighting in a PDF file ships with Acrobat 3 0 Also see Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins Web publishers who have created full text indices with Acrobat Catalog can serve the indi
145. also work better as email attach ments since ASCII PDF files can be corrupted by older email gateways Default resolution Acrobat 3 0 s default resolution is 600 dpi For most device dependent resolution objects such as images this setting is ac ceptable For image heavy PDF files that will rarely or ever be printed try a lower resolution to save additional file space which sacrifices resolution Default page size The Default Page Size job options allows the entry of a page size to be used for PostScript files that don t have a defined page size e g Encapsulated PostScript files QuarkXPress or Adobe Illustrator users often save document pages as Encapsulated PostScript EPS files EPS is a graphic for 126 Chapter 5 mat that allows single PostScript file pages from one program to be placed within another application s document for printing EPS files do not contain information about the size or orienta tion of the page EPS files converted to PDF files may get cropped or appear with the wrong orientation landscape when the file should be portrait Note To crop pages use Acrobat Exchange The Default Page Size option functions only when the PostScript file has no defined page dimensions Distiller s startup script also can be configured to rotate or crop or prevent cropping EPS files when converting them to PDF files see Appendix H Setting Options in Distiller s Startup Directory
146. and progressively more focused and in depth information are common in PDF and other electronic hypertext compliant pub lications These content alterations require redesign to support the user s navigation and interaction with the content Design modifications affect the type and sizes of images the pub lication s physical format layout of text use of fonts and the types of objects e g buttons hypertext and bookmarks used to navigate and interact with the document Design affects content organization too The process of updating timely chunks of con tent without radically altering the PDF file can be eased by sepa rating information that frequently occasionally or never changes Chunks of information may comprise two or more PDF files or may be integrated with HTML files and other file formats linked with hypertext bookmarks and other navigational objects The combination of a varied design and the target audience often can result in the production of PDF files much different from their print counterparts They can however share the branding enjoyed by the dominant media publication For example Wired magazine s Web site HotWired often contains different yet complementary content than that found in Wired magazine Both publications target much the same audience but chunk and select content appropriate to the medium and the file format in which content is delivered Many print based publishers both large and s
147. appended to the end of the PDF thereby minimizing save activity Typically increases the files size and requires a full save to optimize the changes InkJet Used to describe printers that spray ink from a nozzle typically CMYK or just black ink intranet A client server network that functions much like the Inter net using a Web server and Web browser clients to access information Usually access is lim ited to a specific audience e g cor porate employees IP address numbers often separated by peri A unique string of four ods which identifies a computer or server on the Internet Java Sun Microsystems program ming language which enables ani mation and other custom action to be added to Web sites The Web browser client must be able to sup port Java applets the applications created by the Java programming language JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Group high fidelity color rich image file A highly compressed format JPEG supports variable degrees of compression JPEG uses lossy compression resulting in a lower quality image as compression increases Acrobat Distiller offers JPEG compression for color and grayscale images Kanji character set Characters used for the Japanese language which require special software to be used on personal computers kbps kilobits per second A modem or other connection s speed measured in the number of bits transferred per second
148. applica tion and open a PDF file after it was downloaded Adobe s Weblink plug in an add on module formally introduced with Acrobat 2 1 enabled Reader and Acrobat Exchange to com municate with most Web browsers This communication allowed authors to create links from PDF files to other sites and files on the Web the same way links are used in HTML documents Acrobat 3 0 originally code named Acrobat Amber takes this link in communication among the Web PDF files and Acrobat one step further Acrobat 3 0 integrates the relationship between Web browser and Acrobat Reader by enabling the Web browser to display the PDF file within the Web browser s document win dow usually reserved for HTML and image files Now when viewing a PDF file the basic Acrobat toolbar appears so the user can navigate and interact with the PDF file as if it were being viewed in Acrobat Reader Historically Web publishers shied away from PDF files feeling they were simply too large to be useful for publishing on the Chapter 1 limited bandwidth Web Originally PDF files were developed for local access networks or large internal networks intranets which typically had much greater bandwidth capabilities than the average Internet user PDF files also can be large because of the types of documents that are published as PDF files Authors and designers creating PDF files wanted to preserve exactly the electronic magazines newsletters technical
149. as well as the con tent and aesthetics Considerations for creating interactive navigable PDF files include the following m Develop or use a standard visual cue for hypertext links Apply the standard throughout the document perhaps extending or adopting the visual cue as a standard for all similar electronic publishing efforts 161 162 Chapter 7 7 1 Use a Base URL to allow global updates of the PDF file s relative URLs Use the World Wide Web Link action to allow navigation from the PDF file to other sites files CGI scripts and other URLs and Internet protocols FTP Gopher etc Use bookmarks to define the structure of the document and to provide a means of navigation Use thumbnails sparingly or don t use them at all Thumbnails increase PDF file size and require additional connections to the server Create article threads for page or column long text blocks use them where reading an area requires magnification or when a story jumps to another page or file Make use of notes to append or update information However use notes sparingly as the text within the note is not compressed which adds to the size of a PDF file Secure PDF files to prevent unauthorized access or actions or both Set an open preference for PDF files to control the view page number and magnification at which the page opens Optimize PDF files before posting them on Web servers Actions Interactive a
150. at Distiller converts CMYK colors to RGB by default To change the default Distiller s startup script must be reconfigured see Appendix H Setting Options in Distiller s Startup Directory Note PDF files served from on demand print servers see Section 3 3 1 Using PDF Files on On Demand Print Servers may or may not need to be stripped of common page elements or have col ors converted Repurposed content source strategies can include a concurrent strategy where a single master file is used to generate a PDF ver sion of the document and another exact copy for use on other media Another strategy is the complementary strategy where content sources produce two or more similar but different publi cations one in PDF the others in other media formats Original content strategies produce a single file specifically design for Content Development Strategies 51 publication as a PDF file Finally an integration strategy address es methods for using existing or original content sources to pro duce both PDF and HTML files Note It is recommended that PDF files be integrated with HTML files Any of the existing or original content development strategies can be combined with integration Through integration publishers can achieve a greater potential audience and can exploit more of the Internet s publishing capabilities Concurrent Publishing of Content for Multiple Media The resolution and color independence
151. at the Out directory is accessible via the Internet or write a script to mail the resulting PDF back to the submittor Additional directories each with different Distiller job options allow conversion with varying job options Users can submit a PostScript file to the directory with the appropriate job options attributes and then wait for the converted file to appear in the Out directory Note Some PostScript files for security and font copyright purpos es see Appendix F Font Copyrights may need to be examined before conversion Codes in PostScript files can contain destructive commands with virus like effects Fonts embedded in PostScript files can be extracted easily so the distribution of fonts within PostScript files may or may not have the same attendant issues as fonts embedded in PDF files Refer to the font licensing and copy right agreements for clarification 8 2 Configuring Web Servers for PDF Files To publish PDF files from a Web site configure the Web HTTP server software to support the PDF file type Properly configured servers with properly configured browsers will read the PDF file data or download the file The server then launches an Acrobat 238 Chapter 8 viewing program either as a help application as with Acrobat 2 1 and earlier or as an in line helper application or plug in sup ported by Acrobat 3 0 and later Configuration Issue Description PDF Multipurpose Int
152. ata can be processed by the same server script or application that processes the HTML form data Duplicate forms also can be used for different purposes The PDF version could be the best option for users who want to com plete the form off line print it and submit it by mail The HTML version can be designated as the form to use for online submis sion Although the PDF form also could be used for this pur pose New PDF forms New forms created specifically for print or Web use should cap italize on the features that make PDF forms more compelling than HTML forms Rather than using present HTML forms as a template when creating forms in PDF utilize the rich graphic and interactive features found in PDF Feature PDF Forms HTML Forms Can be printed Yes Form values are resolution indepen Most Web browsers cannot print the dent like the rest of the PDF file contents of form fields Can be processed by Yes Scripts and applications used for pro Yes a script or application cessing standard HTML form data also can running on a server process PDF form data Use the HTML encoded export option Scripts and appli cations also can be written to process FDF files such as HTML data continued Table 7 6 1 HTML versus PDF Forms Features Forms 197 Feature Form can have values sent to a script or application on the server Form can have values sent from a script or application on the server
153. ators inserted into it which then create interactive and naviga tional objects when the PostScript file is converted to a PDF file For more information on pdfmark and its uses see Adobe s tech nical notes http www adobe com and the Portable Document Format Reference Manual included with Acrobat or available on Adobe s Web site 7 4 1 Link Sizes When creating a link the text entered for the link s action e g World Wide Web Link actions destination URL or path is not compressed unlike text in the body of the PDF file Addition ally the data that defines the link itself or other objects adds a few bytes to the overall PDF file s size URL text Size in bytes Description Untitled 192 Links to the location none Adobe s Home Page 284 Links to the Adobe WWW site via a Web browser Links 189 7 4 2 Link Appearance Links can be either visible or invisible rectangles Select a visible rectangle s color from any of the eight defined colors white black red green blue cyan yellow and magenta or select a custom color Link line widths may be thin the default medi um thick and have a solid the default dashed or None style When clicked by the user the link s highlight options a visible cue to the user include None invert outline or inset Links can be resized or moved elsewhere on the page However links cannot be copied or pasted nor can links be created
154. b sites server software e g default html index html A World Wide Web Link with a URL set to FTP or Gopher servers with out specifying a file often displays the site s directory file list Setting the World Wide Web Link s URL to a site rather than a specific file reduces the chance that the URL is incorrect often World Wide Web Link Opens http www adobe com Adobe s home page http www adobe com new htm The specific file new html http www adobe com acrobat The home page for the Adobe Acrobat area ftp ftp adobe com The file list for the Adobe FTP site Actions 177 files are changed more frequently than paths If the file name or server s path has changed or was incorrectly entered in the URL the Web browser displays an error See Section 9 4 1 Server Errors and Section 9 4 2 Client Errors for a short description of the most commonly displayed client or server errors Setting a World Wide Web Link Action to a server s file A World Wide Web Link action to a specific URL upon connec tion with the server by the Web browser initiates the viewing of the PDF file If the requested PDF file is optimized and the Web server is capable of sending requested bytes through the byte range request CGI script the Web browser will begin the page at a time downloading and progressive rendering of the PDF file If the requested file is of another file type such as HTML RealAudio or text
155. back or orward in the document Pages need not be ordered sequentially ost common in Acrobat files and multimedia applications House icon Home Links to page Links the user to a central page which may be the table of con ents main menu etc Links the user to other content somehow related to the link which is itself part of the content Colored italicized text hypertext icons near words Links to page area Icons Click to Zoom In Magnifies area of a page Links to a greater magnification of a specified page area Hypertext in PDF files may either conform to what is found and used on the Web or it may be styled with PDF s navigational and interactive object cue a colored rectangle around the word or phrase Documents being published concurrently in print and on the Internet from a single source can add hypertext cues as colored rectangles in Acrobat Exchange to avoid hypertext styled text in the print version of the document Note pdfmarks embedded in PostScript files that are generated from PDF savvy creator applications do not effect the output of printed jobs If the hypertext cue is to conform to the colored underlined text found in HTML documents the cues can be produced most easily Designing PDF Documents for the Web 97 by styling and coloring the text which will be the link as the document is in the designed stage Later in Acrobat Exchange or added aut
156. bat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat for current Exchange language availability In addition to Reader s functions also found in Exchange the following list summarizes the capabilities of Acrobat Exchange What is Adobe Acrobat 21 Platform Operating System 680x0 Macintosh and Power Macintosh PC UNIX Macintosh OS 7 x Windows 3 x Windows 95 Windows NT 3 5 4 x OS 2 DOS Acrobat 1 0 only SunOS 4 1 3 Sun Solaris 2 3 2 4 2 5 Hewlett Packard UX 9 03 AIX 4 1 Make whole page modifications by copying deleting crop ping extracting rotating replacing combining or inserting pages Add interactive features which can include hypertext links to other locations within the same PDF document to URLs to another PDF file or to other applications files create easy to view and navigable threads that follow the flow of a story across columns and pages add sticky type notes in any color create or delete thumbnails small bitmapped previews of pages in the document set move and delete bookmarks which act like a table of contents collapsible outlines or lists of key features Create user fillable forms and buttons with the AcroForm Plug in included with Acrobat 3 0 that can be processed remotely or printed While Reader users make changes and 22 Chapter 2 print information in form fields only Acrobat Exchange can save the changes m Optimize PDF files to allow
157. be Acrobat Carefully read each product s documentation and thoroughly test the compatibility of each file with the intended audience s systems and software in mind Zeon Corporation s DocuComp PDF Viewers and Producers From Taiwan Zeon Corporation s DocuCom products are simi lar to the Adobe family of Acrobat products The DocuPlus bun dle of PDF file creation and authoring tools includes a shareable Reader clone called DocuReader an Exchange like tool called epPlus and epDriver and a printer driver PDF converter similar to PDFWriter Zeon Corporation s target market is the publish ers who wish to publish PDF in Asian languages including Japanese Korean and Chinese All DocuComp products are DBCS enabled This allows them to display print and embed Double Bytes Character Set fonts a common Asian language font format DocuComp products also make it possible to create mul tilingual documents from the same page DocuComp products are available for Windows 95 and Windows 3 x Visit Zeon Corporation s Web site at http www zeon com tw for product information Acrobat Compatible Viewer and Converter Applications 285 Classification Application Name s Description Viewers DocuReader DocuReader s functionality is comparable to Adobe Acrobat Reader epPlus epPlus functionality is comparable to Adobe Acrobat Exchange epPlus supports standard PDF interactive and navigational features and has a MediaClip feat
158. before printing the origi nal source file that contains the images to a PostScript file Note Image editors that can parse EPS files e g Adobe Photoshop 3 0 can save open EPS images as bitmap images When EPS files are converted to bitmap files the time required to render the graph ic is decreased However the resolution to whatever resolution to which images are downsampled also is decreased Print Quality Test the print quality of images and graphics by printing the PDF file on a standard 300 or 600 dpi printer use a color printer if available and applicable to the document s use If the print qual ity is higher than required alter the default resolution in Distiller s general job options the default is 600 dpi good for most PDF files that will be published on the Internet If the print quality of the images is less than expected consider increas ing the default resolution in Distiller s job options Note The default resolution can be used only to reduce an image s resolution It cannot increase the resolution of an image If an image had a low resolution when it was imported into a document during the creation stages the resulting PDF file will render the same image at the same or lower resolution 150 Chapter 6 6 1 11 Checking Embedded Fonts Check the result of font embedding to ensure that the selected fonts have been embedded and that these fonts if selected have been subset Open t
159. best choice for publishing PDF files on the Internet PDF files even if encoded as ASCII should be downloaded and uploaded to the server as binary files Note The PDF files served via Gopher or FTP servers will need to be downloaded completely before they can be viewed with an Acrobat viewer These servers typically don t support byte range requests which facilitate progressive rendering and page on demand down loads Configuring a Gopher Server to Support PDF Files Most Gopher servers come preconfigured with support for the PDF MIME type These Acrobat 3 0 compatible servers include a custom icon for PDF files so users can quickly identify PDF files by the Acrobat icon and better manage files on the server For Gopher servers that are not configured for serving PDF files Emailing PDF Files 243 8 3 2 8 4 edit the descriptor code on the Gopher server Add a P to the descriptor list to add support for PDF files See the Gopher serv er documentation for full details about adding descriptor codes Configuring a FTP Server to Support PDF Files Most FTP servers come preconfigured to support PDF files as binary encoded files To add support for PDF file transfers in binary format change the file type to binary and change Creator to PDF or PDF 20 for the extra space Emailing PDF Files Send PDF files as email attachments by uuencoding the PDF file Uuencoding converts the PDF file into a transport
160. ble 2 1 4 Table 2 1 5 PDF PDF Figures amp Tables Progressive Rendering Find versus Searching Concurrent Content Development Publishing Model Complementary Content Development Publishing Model PDF Only Content Development Publishing Quick Start Common Internet Publishing Tasks and Questions Adobe Acrobat Software by Class Acrobat Reader 3 0 Availability by Platform and Operating System Acrobat Exchange 3 0 Availability by Platform and Operating System Acrobat Distiller 3 0 Availability by Platform and Operating System Acrobat Distiller Assistant 3 0 Availability by Platform and Operating System 393 ES p 1OY ior 107 o N i Tables Table 2 1 6 Table 2 1 7 Table 2 1 8 Table 3 1 1 Table 3 1 2 Table 3 2 1 Table 3 2 2 Table 3 2 3 Table 3 2 4 Table 3 2 5 Table 4 1 1 Table 4 1 2 Table 4 1 3 Table 4 1 4 Table 4 1 5 Table 4 1 6 Table 4 1 7 Table 4 2 1 Table 4 3 1 Acrobat PDFWriter 3 0 Availability by Platform and Operating System Acrobat Catalog 3 0 Availability by Platform and Operating System Acrobat Capture Availability by Platform and Operating System Common Physical Page Design Modifications for Web Publishing Concurrent Publishing Print versus Web Requirements Application Type Document Creation Stages Document Type Document Activity and File Format Elements Design Attributes Magnification Descriptions Page
161. by expert Acrobat users and companies with several years experience using Acrobat and related software Acrobat Compatible Viewer and Converter Applications 283 10 5 1 10 5 2 10 5 3 10 6 Acrobatics Acrobatics The Journal for Acrobat Users published by Merlin Open Systems can be found at http www ep cs nott ac uk 80 dre merlin acrobatics html Acropolis A magazine about Acrobat publishing is published by Magnetic Press and can be found at http plaza interport net acropolis Acrobat in Academia Published by the Douglas Stewart Company This periodical can be found at http www dstewart com acrobat html Acrobat Compatible Viewer and Converter Applications Other software developers have applications specifically for view ing printing interacting and navigating PDF files Some of these applications are similar to Adobe Acrobat and its functions The following section summarizes these products and their capabilities These applications often cater to special audiences They may require different functionality such as support for Asian lan guages or have specific needs for example PDF viewers that have been developed for computer platforms for which Adobe does not offer a PDF viewer 284 Chapter 10 10 6 1 Note These products often operate on a much different product cycle from Adobe Acrobat products Some may support features not yet available or will never be available in Ado
162. c commands in the PostScript file PDF files can be encoded as either ASCII or binary data file formats Note Consult the Acrobat Distiller Online Guide for information on Distiller s general use in creating PDF files For many documents to be published on the Internet Distiller s default job options yield reasonably well compressed files with Using Acrobat Distiller 123 satisfactory image quality Evaluation of PDF file size and gen eral attributes PDF file pages colors and other document attrib utes after conversion to a PDF file is described in Section 6 1 PDF File Evaluation The original images and graphics in the creator application doc ument can be compressed or downsampled before generating a PostScript file However since Distiller can downsample and compress images and graphics as it converts the PostScript file to a PDF file it is a better choice for compressing and downsam pling images and graphics than batch processing them espe cially before importing them into a page layout program Use the creator application s file as a master to allow concurrent publish ing for other media Note During conversion Distiller downsamples and applies the defined method and level of compression to the various image types included in the PostScript file To downsample one or more images at a lower resolution than what is being applied by Distiller down sample the image during the design stage with an imag
163. ces on a Web server The software sup ports up to four document collections created with Acrobat Catalog SearchPDF for Web Servers comes with Simple Standard and Power query forms templates for customized results lists password security options It is compatible and upgradeable to Verity s Topic Internet Server SearchPDF for Web Servers works with any CGI compliant Web Server Available for servers running Sun Solaris HP VX IBM AIX and Windows NT Note Verity offers the XML specification at no charge See Verity s Web site at http www verity com for more information Verity Inc 894 Ross Drive Sunnyvale CA 94089 Telephone 408 541 1500 info verity com http www verity com Appendix C The Forms Data Format 311 c Appendix C The Forms Data Format The Forms Data Format FDF is the file format used for PDF Forms With Acrobat Exchange 3 0 and later FDF files can be created by exporting data from a form choose File gt Export gt Export Form FDF files also can be created by scripts and appli cations or albeit a lengthy process by hand Only Acrobat Exchange 3 0 and later with the AcroForms Plug in can export and import FDF files The Forms Data Format FDF is based on the Portable Document Format using many of the same syntax and objects as PDF FDF files use the PDF MIME type application PDF and it is regis tered as the same type on many platforms Despite this compati bility with
164. cintosh printer driver from Adobe for PostScript printers PS Printer have the option to include all the Type 1 fonts used in a document in the PostScript language file created for that document How Distiller Handles Fonts The Distiller program deals with every type of font that can be used in a document Documents created with Windows applica tions may contain PostScript language Type 1 and Type 3 fonts Windows bitmapped and vector fonts TrueType fonts and PCL fonts Documents created with Macintosh applications may con tain PostScript language Type 1 and Type 3 fonts Macintosh bitmapped fonts and TrueType fonts In addition to font type fonts are further classified by the set of characters included in the font Character sets for Type 1 fonts for example include the ISO Latin 1 Expert Small Capitals and Old Style Figures SC amp OSF Symbolic Cyrillic and Kanji char acter sets The ISO Latin 1 character set and the standard Type 1 character set include the standard English French Italian and German alphabets the Expert character set includes fraction and Appendix G Font Embedding Information 321 G 3 f ligature characters for the English alphabet and the Cyrillic character set contains the Cyrillic alphabet used by Slavic lan guages such as Russian and Ukrainian How Distiller Handles Type 1 Fonts How the Distiller handles the Type 1 fonts in a PostScript lan guage file depends on four scenarios
165. create a PostScript file of the Illustrator file and convert it to PDF with Acrobat Distiller Adobe has a tutorial on using Illustrator to create links The EPS Links tutorial can be found on Adobe s Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat Using QuarkXPress Use QuarkXPress to create PDF files by converting Quark files to PostScript files through a PostScript printer driver The PostScript files then can be converted to PDF files with Acrobat Distiller Third party XTensions for Quark add enhanced sup port for PDF files Through these XTensions pdfmark operators are embedded within the PostScript file generated from QuarkXPress thereby automating the addition of PDF objects and document information Third party developers offer several HTML markup XTensions supporting PDF and HTML integra PDF Sawvy Creator Applications 113 4 3 5 tion strategies Third party developers that provide PDF specific XTensions for QuarkXPress are listed in Appendix J Acrobat Related Creator Application Plug ins For the best possible Quark created PDF files with or without third party PDF file XTensions use the Adobe Acrobat Post Script Printer Description PPD A PPD file is a set of printer instructions It was specifically designed for QuarkXPress files to generate PostScript files for conversion to PDF files On the Macintosh computer Acrobat 3 0 installs the Acrobat Distiller PPD in the Printer Descriptions folder w
166. cript file from a QuarkXPress document using the Acrobat Distiller PPD file the Page Width option in the Printer Setup dialog box Windows or Page Setup dialog box Macintosh is grayed out As a result page widths greater than 8 5 inches are truncated The grayed out Page Width option is caused by lines that were added to the Distiller PPD to make it compatible with Adobe PageMaker Using a custom printer file without those lines makes the Page Width option available and allows the entry of the correct page width when printing a page larger than 8 5 inches from QuarkXPress as noted in Adobe TechNote 4436 pdf Appendix F Font Copyrights Embedding fonts in PDF files without permission from the font s creator is a copyright violation When distilled if a font is set to be embedded in a document the font s metrics are copied into the file and later used when the document is opened in an Acrobat view er Because the font data is copied directly into the file the font information can be extracted from the file with the exception of Appendix F Font Copyrights 317 F 1 Type 1C fonts The result is widespread font copyright violation over the Internet Even using font subsets includes the font s data within the file again allowing others to remove the font data for use on their systems This is an illegal act It violates the copyright agreement between the publisher and the font vendor Note It may be easy to claim ign
167. cters imposed by each operating sys tem so the document s title is often different Change a PDF file name by choosing File gt Save As and enter a new name for the file or edit the filename with the operating system s file editing procedures These fields can be viewed by selecting File gt Doc ument Info gt General Note To add custom creator and producer names to a PDF file add a pdfmark command within the PostScript file prior to converting the file to a PDF file See the Portable Document Format Reference Manual for more information PDF File Evaluation 145 Attribute Example Description Filename Documents FILENAME PDF The file s name and relative path This can be changed using Exchange and by selecting File gt Save As or renaming the file via the operating system Title Distiller Online Guide The title is used by searching and indexing software The title is comparable to an HTML document s title e g Adobe s Home page versus the document title e g index html Subject Help Useful for document management Indexing and searching software can use this field when creating a searchable index of he file Author Adobe Systems Useful for document management Could be a name depart ment and so forth Keyword Help user guide Useful for document management Indexing and searching software can use this field when creating a searchable index of he file Creator PageMaker 6 0 fo
168. ctory or after saving the PDF the root directory or main Windows file from PageMaker 6 0 copy the PDF file to the desired volume window PC or the hard More information is available from the Adobe FaxY 116103 drive folder Macintosh of another volume the PDF file is located on the root direc tory of the volume where the PageMaker 6 0 publica tion is located rather than the volume specified continued Table 9 2 1 Troubleshooting for Adobe Illustrator Adobe PageMaker and i Microsoft Word Creator Application Specific Troubleshooting 261 Problem When creating a PDF file of publications in a book while Thumbnails is enabled and the First page only option is selected Adobe PageMaker 6 0 cre ates a thumbnail for the irst page of each publica ion in the book instead of only the first page of the irst publication The page numbers listed in a table of contents of a PDF file created from PageMaker 6 0 are inaccu rate When clicking on a able of contents entry in a PDF file created from PageMaker 6 0 the Acrobat viewer jumps to an unex pected page When a Microsoft Word 6 0 document that contains both portrait and land scape oriented pages is converted to a PDF file with Acrobat PDF Writer or Distiller pages that were landscape oriented in the Word document become portrait oriented or text is truncated on the right side of the page or both occur in the resulting PDF
169. cument Structuring Comments 144 downloading files See also transferring files entire PDF files 35 file size and B6 B8 DSC ti Index E embedding fonts embedding fonts See also embedded fonts encoding PDF files 248 encryption 42 975 EPD Links 289 EPS Encapsulated PostScript files See also PostScript Exchange 20 23 1189 338 339 See also Acrobat Excite for Web Servers 30 F FDF files choosing FDF as file format 173 174 exporting and importing 194 generating with scripts and appli cations 252 populating PDF forms with 212 252 servers and 255 Fetch plug in 289 file compression See compression file protocol 181 files See also specific file type content of See content converting See converting files libraries of plug ins for managing opening action for 170 4172 transferring See transferring files file transfer protocol See FTP finding See searching fonts Index 369 Distiller startup and 328 embedding See embedded fonts embedding fonts file size reduction and 142 in printer driver options 121 problems with 267 footnotes plug in for 349 foreign languages Acrobat for 1820 24 form fields See also forms interactive and navigational objects adding 107103 appearance 21 3i forms See also form fields interactive and navigational objects forms data See otros exporting 1734174 FDF files See
170. cument into separate documents and serving the documents when page on demand and progressive rendering is available may actually increase the total time needed to download the total document s data Note Always select File gt Save As after completing changes par ticularly after deleting pages or objects from a PDF file Save As conserves file space by removing deleted objects which remain in side a PDF document until a Save As is performed 158 Chapter 6 To allow more efficient use of screen real estate crop the page to remove white space and print based information such as page numbers and footers and headers Page numbers are based on the order of the pages in the PDF file and are displayed in the document window Information listed in headers and footers can be added in the PDF file s document information Cropping page dimensions from a PDF file does not reduce its file size in bytes Cropping and deleting page elements such as the text of foot ers or margin graphics in Exchange may result in some reduc tion in the file size Note The SuperCrop Plug in available for free from Adobe at http www adobe com acrobat for Acrobat Exchange adds a crop tool to the toolbar Similar to the crop tools found in popular image and desktop publishing software the crop tool allows for the selec tion of an area to crop rather than entering cropping dimensions in a dialog box which is how a page is cropped i
171. d buttons AcroForm Imports a FDF file to populate a PDF form Data Links and bookmarks Pages continued 164 Chapter 7 Action Interactive Required Description Effect Navigational Object Plug in Movie Form fields and buttons Movie released Opens and plays back a movie file within Links and bookmarks with Acrobat 2 1 he PDF file or in a window that floats Pages above the document Users can control No sound helper nae ap licati h he playback of the movie including play Pp j stop pause resume and go to which scans required AA hrough the movie for a specific time The movie files are not embedded within he PDF file they must be linked to streamed playback from the Internet is not currently supported None Form fields and buttons None o action Links and bookmarks Pages Open File Form fields and buttons None Opens a PDF file i bookmarks If the selected file is not a PDF file the g Acrobat Reader attempts to launch the application in which the target file was created Read Article Form fields and buttons None Begins the process of following a selected Links and bookmarks article thread Pages Reset Form Form fields and buttons AcroForm Resets the values of all form fields to their Links and bookmarks defaults or to empty if no default is set Pages Sound Form fields and buttons Movie released Opens and plays back a sound file from Links and bookmarks with Acrobat 2
172. d government and the relatively short time the Acrobat PDF file has been available many publishers or librar ians may be interested in the possibility of converting their exist ing electronic document archives to Acrobat PDF files This section describes the technologies and companies which provide electronic document conversion from other file formats and paper based documents GentText Inc AFP2PDF AFP2PDF runs on a mainframe workstation or PC to translate IBM Advanced Function Presentation data stream AFPDS files into the PDF files AFP2PDF accepts AFCCU Common Control Unit AFP and supports both external and embedded AFP objects such as page segments overlays and mixed mode line data Support for GOCA and IOCA is coming soon Users who have implemented the IBM Core Interchange Fonts will find a direct correlation to Adobe Type 1 fonts that gives the same look and feel to their documents AFP2PDF also handles color 9400 N Central Expressway Suite 1640 LB 147 Dallas TX 75231 5045 Tel 214 691 0300 Fax 214 691 0789 gentext metronet com 354 Appendices K 2 K 3 Alliant Defense Electronics Systems Inc Anylmage The Anylmage product line from Alliant Defense Electronics Systems enables users to electronically capture store retrieve and view volumes of technical documentation Through user developed rules the AnyImage InfoLinker product automatical ly can build hyperlinks and bookmarks fo
173. ded Fonts check to see how the Acrobat viewer substi tutes the fonts in a PDF file or use fonts known to be installed on the user s system The substitution font combined with the width of the true typeface may create a very readable hybrid or a font that is more difficult to read Designing PDF Documents for the Web 99 See Appendix F Font Copyrights for more information on the legal implications of embedding a typeface or font in a PDF file for publication on the Internet Note When publishing for a specific audience that may use a par ticular computer platform to view the PDF files check to see which fonts are standard and commonly used on the system Often these fonts are tuned for efficient and effective onscreen reading and are common to the user s onscreen reading Sans serif fonts such as Helvetica Frutiger and Ariel are general ly more legible onscreen than serif typefaces such as Times Palatino and others Note Acrobat 3 0 s anti aliasing of text which applies soft edges to fonts to eliminate stair stepping increases legibility to allow type sizes as small as nine points to be read on most monitors Use Typeface Titles and headings Choose fonts with clearly defined widths for best results Increase kerning or tracking for greater onscreen legibility Body text Choose fonts that are legible at 100 on a monitor 640 x 480 pixels Additionally see how the font looks at 200
174. design for the screen and for print are diametrically opposed however as onscreen design continues to meet the printed world more designs will compliment both onscreen and printed output Selecting Page Dimensions Based on a content publishing strategy select a page dimension that is suitable exclusively for onscreen viewing or exclusively for printing or select a dimension that may be viewed both onscreen and printed given common hardware configurations Most Internet users are accustomed to having documents fit within the document window With HTML non formatted text and some graphic elements will reflow to fit within the Web browser win dow PDF document dimensions do not scale Users scale the document zooming in or out to view the page or portions of the document page Onscreen document dimensions A PDF page s dimensions may be set for viewing at 100 or at a relative magnification to increase or decrease magnification to fit the whole page the page width or just visible portions of the Designing PDF Documents for the Web 89 page within the Web browser s document window and within the monitor s dimensions PDF page dimensions also may be set for viewing at an arbitrary dimension that requires user interac tion and navigation to view all the content Table 4 1 1 Mag nification Descriptions outlines how documents are scaled to fit within a monitor or Web browser s document window The mag
175. dices As an enhancement tool VerZions progresses from document breakdown and separation through page scanning PDF conver sions and quality assurance all the way to product reassembly including page numbering indexing and hypertext linking and archiving After conversion documents become even more inter active Not only are they all in the same format they can be searched and retrieved based upon information supplied by VerZions such as key words date of origin and destination They also are fully available to users on any computer system through out the organization Most useful to publishers creating documents for Internet use through collaboration Call for platform availability information 5601 Roanne Way Suite 606 Greensboro NC 27409 Tel 910 855 9555 Fax 910 855 1766 XMAN xToolsOne Macintosh Windows XMAN s xToolsOne contains 10 Adobe Acrobat 2 1 plug ins m xMarker s electronic ink places marks on Acrobat docu ments tailoring editing needs by controlling color and pen width and noting the creator of electronic marks m xPrint Selection enables the user to select a specific portion of a page and print only that area m xSelect is a powerful and flexible tool that enhances Acrobat software s built in text selection tool Use xSelect to choose Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins 349 text on a page within a user defined rectangle m xAnnotations Window allows the examination of all
176. difications to text For layout changes or more extensive edits make the changes in the original creator application s file and con vert it to a PDF file again For Internet publishing use the Touch Up Plug in to make sim ple text modifications such as changing hypertext link names and altering the style of text to make it a cue for a hypertext link col ored underlined text etc 160 Chapter 6 Note The Acrobat Exchange Online Guide has detailed informa tion about using the Touch Up Plug in Changing Interactive and Navigational Objects Making changes to automatically generated interactive and nav igational objects as well as adding new objects is covered in Chapter 7 Adding Interactive and Navigational Objects PDF PDF Adding Interactive and Navigational Objects Navigational and interactive objects can be added to PDF files to make the content more usable and dynamic From the user s perspective navigational objects enable quick easy access to specific information Interactivity allows a customizable person al experience with the content The best documents combine content for a specific audience with excellent interactive and navigational features to access the content The navigational and interactive objects that are added to PDF documents tran scend the capabilities of most paper based documents This allows the concept of design to move to a higher level where the design fits the use
177. dless of the user s monitor size These options are not presently supported by Web browsers The three window options can be used individually or together 230 Chapter 7 Mode Description Center Window on Screen Displays the application window in the middle of the user s screen Resize Window to Fit Document Sizes the application window to fit the document page Open in Full Screen Mode Displays the document without menubar toolbar or status bar Table 7 12 4 Open Preferences Window Options i U c o ee 7 12 3 7 13 Interface Options The interface option enables the opening PDF document to show or hide the Acrobat viewer s toolbar menubar and window con trols Only the Hide Toolbar interface option is supported by Web browsers Using Plug ins to Automatically Add Navigational and Interactive Objects Adobe Systems and third party developers provide plug ins see Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins used by Acrobat Exchange to automate speed and extend the creation of interactive and nav igational objects Some plug ins which dont require the user to have the plug in installed automate or aid in the creation or editing of book marks links notes article threads and other objects Other plug ins extend the types of objects that can be added to a PDF file Forms links transitions between pages and other in Using Plug ins to Automatically Add Navigational and Interactive Objects 231 7 1
178. documents styled with a style sheet work as both PDF and HTML files Completed documents depending on the document s type and features applied by the application in which it was created work best as PDF files Similarly documents that exist only as hard copies work best as PDF files when the content s intended design needs to be represented exactly as it originally appeared Content Development Strategies 71 Note For applications that don t support HTML output import styled documents into an HTML publishing application e g PageMill or HoT MetaL Pro to convert the document s style sheet to HTML heading tags and save the converted file as an HTML file Best with HTML Both Work Well Best with PDF Document has been published in Document has not been created Document has been designed HTML and produced Document tagged with a structured Document has been styled based Document has been published language SGML on a traditional heading 1 to on paper no digital file 2 heading x style sheet commonly found in word processing files and RIF files 1 SGML a superset of HTML is a meta language for defining and standardizing the structure of documents 2 Digitize using Capture or the Capture Plug in 3 2 3 PDF or HTML Document Type The structure and design of a certain document type and the attributes that comprise design work better as HTML or PDF documents and as other file types a
179. dows Aerial a plug in for Acrobat Exchange that facilitates document navigation allows users to search documents using the docu ment s index tag document s frequently referenced pages jump to a page using its printed page number mark pages with paper clips for quick reference and print selected portions of a page The Go To Document Page allows quick navigation to a document s page number This feature navigates through documents using nearly all page numbering formats including Roman numerals The Index Manager allows users to enter text even just a few characters and the Index Manager displays a corre sponding alphabetized list of the document s index entries representing the entered text Index entries link to an entry s page by double clicking the index entries found Quick Tags maintains a customizable list of frequently accessed PDF documents and pages The list requires no specific document to be opened The print view tool enables a user to select a portion of a single page and to send the selected portion to the printer The paper clip tool marks pages and allows the user to quickly flip back through them Aerial requires Acrobat Exchange 2 0 or later Available for Windows 3 1 or later and Macintosh running System 7 0 or later features may vary slightly by platform Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins 343 Compose Windows Compose automates the time consuming task of c
180. drawings and other visually complex documents with their original fonts extensive use of color images graphics and other design elements These features included all the attributes that publishers had come to expect from modern page layout design and word processing software applications including large file size These files had to be completely downloaded before they could be viewed Ironically history has shown that PDF files are not significantly larger than HTML files and are sometimes smaller or the same size as most comparable HTML designs Adobe Acrobat 3 0 allows the publication of even smaller PDF files than previously thought possible through new compression schemes Now with Acrobat 3 0 PDF pages render as each page element is downloaded in much the same manner as HTML files and only the pages requested are downloaded no need to wait until the entire file has downloaded before it can be viewed This allows PDF pages to be viewed as fast or faster than most image heavy HTML files PDF files are the portable document file format of choice for hundreds of companies that publish documents on the Internet Other companies also use PDF files as the file format of choice when distributing information via intranets CD ROMs private computer networks floppy diskettes and other media formats About This Book 1 1 PDF files also are the document format of choice for electronic magazines technical documentation bo
181. du ghost index html Acrobat Compatible Viewer and Converter Applications 287 Platform UNIX Sun workstations Sun 3 SPARC Sun 386i VAX AXP PC Macintosh both 680x0 and PowerPC 2 Operating System X Windows v 11 release 4 5 and 6 including Sun 3 Sun 4 Sun 386i and Sun SPARCStation Generic 80386 486 Pentium machines running Linux 386 ix FreeBSD ISC UNIX SCO UNIX and Solaris H P 9000 300 and 9000 800 DECStation 2100 and 3100 VAX running Ultrix and OSF 1 Sequent Symmetry Convex C1 and C2 Tektronix 4300 SGI Iris Indigo 4 4bsd UNIX systems FreeBSD NetBSD Sparc m68k Apple Amiga Sun and Hewlett Packard VAX and 386BSD SunView VMS with X11R4 5 and DEC C or GCC MS DOS 3 1 3 3 5 0 or 6 22 Microsoft Windows 3 0 or 3 1 DR DOS 6 0 OS 2 2 0 2 1 and Warp 3 0 System 7 x 1 With EGA VGA SuperVGA or compatible graphics 2 For specific information on Macintosh implementation see http www glyphic com glyphic projects macgs html 288 Chapter 10 10 6 3 xpdf xpdf by Derek B Noonburg is a PDF viewer for UNIX and the X Window Systems Platform Operating System UNIX or X x86 Linux 1 2 13 XFree86 3 1 1 gcc 2 6 3 PowerPC AIX 4 1 gcc 2 7 0 SPARC SunOS 4 1 3 gcc 2 5 8 MIPS Ultrix 4 4 gcc 2 6 3 Alpha OSF 1 1 3 gcc 2 6 3 10 6 4 xpdf is available from ftp ftp andrew cmu edu in the pub xpdf Source code is available from ftp ftp x org cont
182. e about document is not a true URL and is available only in Netscape Navigator 2 x and later versions Show Hide Annotation Action The Show Hide Annotation action shows or hides a bookmark link or button in the PDF file Third Party Supported Actions Third party developers have extended the PDF file format by adding object actions that play media files connect to databases display information and other actions Most object actions require that the user have the plug in installed in order to engage the object s action Therefore many action extended objects are not useful for Internet based documents A list of plug ins some which have custom actions are listed in Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins Setting a Base URL in a PDF File A base URL is the highest level common directory path for a set of URLs If a PDF file has a base URL clicking an interactive or navigational object that uses a World Wide Web Link action appends the entry in the action s URL with the base URL to form the full URL This full URL is then opened via the Web browser Only World Wide Web Link actions without a transport protocol are appended Relative Open File actions remain unaffected Base URLs defined in Acrobat Exchange work like base URLs set in HTML documents Setting a Base URL in a PDF File 183 For PDF files that will be served via the byte server CGI script a base URL offers the capability to set an absolute link that can pass
183. e PDF MIME type the server will need to identify PDF files by the PDF extension Some servers also may need to be configured to handle a PDF binary stream See the Adobe Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat to learn how to configure the Configuring Web Servers for PDF Files 239 8 2 2 MIME type of older versions of NCSA HTTPD CERN HTTPD and MacHTTP Web server software Servers that don t recognize the PDF MIME type may corrupt PDF data Others may handle the PDF files as text files This will result in the PDF file writing to the browser window rather than progressively or wholly downloading Note PDF files read into a Web browser s document window as text still can be salvaged as long as the PDF file is not secured with a password After the entire PDF file has been read into the browser s window choose File gt Save As from the browser s menu If the browser being used has the option to save the file as a source file do so Make sure that the filename is preserved Save As saves the text from the browser s window as a file locally on a hard drive or net work node Open the PDF file with an Acrobat viewer The Acrobat viewer may display a message that it is repairing the PDF file The file should then open and function normally If the Acrobat viewer displays a message that that PDF file cannot be repaired it has been corrupted during the download Try another means of downloading the PDF fi
184. e Web browser cannot render the PDF file within the HTML document Note The limit on the number of total open PDF files for Acrobat viewer applications applies here Each embedded PDF file used as an image counts as an open file A few PDF source images will work fine but 20 or 30 images may result in unloaded images or memory errors Linking from HTML to PDF Files The syntax for linking from an HTML file to a PDF file is the same as linking from HTML to HTML e g lt a href file name pdf gt lt a gt No height or width dimensions need be defined Links to PDF files should be identified See Section 8 8 Web Site Design Issues and Etiquette for Publishing Content for information on ways to best identify links to PDF files Embedding PDF Files into HTML Single pages of PDF files may be embedded in HTML files as in line graphics much like GIF and JPEG images are used in HTML files However an embedded PDF file opens only to the first page even if an open preference has been set to open the file at anoth er page of a multi page file Links notes bookmarks page modes e g display thumbnails and bookmarks etc other views and interactive or navigational objects are not supported Also the Acrobat viewer toolbar is not displayed when an em bedded PDF file is opened nor are the toolbar s navigational and interactive features or keyboard shortcuts For all intents and Supporting PDF with HTML Mar
185. e editing program before converting the file to a PostScript file Different lev els of compression can be applied only to individual pages of a PDF file not individual images This can be accomplished by convert ing each page separately with custom compression and downsam pling options and then combining the pages into the whole document later Use either the RunFile procedure see Appendix H Setting Options in Distillers Startup Directory or Acrobat Exchange see Section 6 2 1 Inserting Deleting Extracting and Replacing Document Pages To downsample one or more images to lower settings than those set for the other images in a PostScript file use Adobe Photoshop For 124 Chapter 5 5 2 1 most images Photoshop s downsampling rivals and often surpasses Distiller s image downsampling quality However using Distiller to downsample images is easier and often much quicker than down sampling images in Photoshop Unexpectedly large PDF files can be reduced by converting the PostScript file again with higher levels of compression For JPEG files higher compression results in lower image quality Large PDF files also can be reduced by downsampling to lower resolu tions or using an entirely different compression technique e g ZIP rather than Run Length or LZW Distiller s General Job Options Taking advantage of Acrobat Distiller s job options results in PDF files that can be distributed to a wide
186. e format is best for the document If it is clear that the form is best served as a PDF form while the rest of the document pages are best served in HTML integrate the two file formats by linking the HTML document with the PDF form There are several strategies a Web publisher might employ when adopting PDF forms These strategies explain some of the better ways to work with PDF forms and how to fully integrate PDF with HTML Replacing HTML forms with PDF forms Generally if a form works well in HTML it may not need to be replaced Replace HTML forms with PDF forms to refine the fea tures and appearance of the forms PDF forms can have the same fields and functionality as the original HTML forms or be entirely reworked to take advantage of specific PDF form fea tures Table 7 6 1 HTML versus PDF Forms Features lists a number of features and appearance options available to PDF forms that HTML 2 0 forms don t support Note When replacing HTML forms with PDF forms remember to verify connecting links as the named destination of the form as the file suffix of the form must be changed from HTML to pdf 196 Chapter 7 Duplicate forms in PDF and HTML Like the duplicate publishing strategy described in Section 3 1 4 Integrating HTML with PDF Files forms can be published as both PDF and HTML If the PDF form is set to export URL encoded HTML data see Appendix C The Forms Data For mat the submitted form d
187. e formats into PDF files creates a smaller more searchable and scaleable directory of files The PDF version always will be smaller than the index unless additional resolutions of some files are included The images or graphics can be annotated with PDF notes or text captions Graphics or images in the PDF index can be magnified to show greater detail A number or a keyword in a caption under the graphic or image can help users search a file for graphics Note Indices of graphics are compiled to show the images in the col lection without the need to download each file in the collection Many indices are larger than the average graphic file in the collec tion Most graphics or images on the Internet are only suitable for 72 dpi screen display Converting graphic and image formats into PDF files enables users to browse a variety of images and graphics in one file type without the need to switch among JPEG GIF TIFF and EPS viewers To extract images and graphics from PDF files a PDF viewer s cut and paste function serves the needs of most onscreen image or graphic uses Alternatively a PDF file s security features can prevent users from cutting and pasting and printing PDF pages while still allowing them to browse the archive PDF PDF Designing Content for the Internet The goal of this chapter is to outline parameters for the most efficient methods of Internet publishing with Acrobat This chapter concentrates on the
188. e of a series of bytes An area in RAM or ona hard drive where data is stored for fre quent quick access by an applica tion Acrobat viewers cache images cache and some font data in a directory Glossary 293 on the user s system and in RAM Acrobat viewers used in conjunc tion with a Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browser may use two or more caches CCITT Comite Consultatif Interna tionale de Telegraphie et Tele A Geneva based international committee that rec phonie ommends telecommunications standards and compression decom pression standards The committee is now known as ITU T Interna tional Telecommunications Union Telecommunication Acrobat Distiller offers CCITT image com pression CGI Common Gateway Interface A standard convention for passing commands and data from the client to the server and sometime back again Often used to transfer infor mation from a client s Web browser e g HTML based form or imagemap for processing The CGI script responds by sending a response document commonly in HTML format back to the user CIE A device independent color space used to describe the entire visual spectrum clipping path A function of the PostScript language that allows one shape to mask another CMYK The process image colors frequently used to describe printed images which are Cyan Magenta Yellow and Black versus Red Green and Blue for RGB As defined by
189. e that the path to the selected file remains constant when the PDF files and the selected target file are moved to other media formats or networks Read Article The Read Article action opens and begins to follow a selected arti cle thread This action is most useful for bookmarks where sub sequent clicks on the page move the user through the article thread However it also can be used with most other navigational Actions 173 7 1 10 and interactive objects To select an article from those in a PDF file click Select Article choose an article from the list and click OK Reset Form Action Clicking the Reset button clears all values from a form field and resets the fields to display the default value if any Radio and checkbox buttons are reset to their checked or selected defaults List and combo box field contents are not deleted however the default selection is shown or selected in the field Sound Action The Sound action enables links buttons bookmarks and other interactive and navigational objects to play back sound files For the Web choose AIFF sound files which can be played on both Macintosh and PC systems running Microsoft Windows The sound files are stored within the PDF file which can make PDF files much larger than normal and take longer to download To minimize the bandwidth requirements of sound files use them sparingly for Web based documents Note Supported sound file types include AI
190. e to fit within the user s computer screen Web publishers can emphasize graphics or text areas using Views PDF is based on the PostScript language imaging model PDF s color and resolution independence enables crisp color precise printing on almost all printers For the screen device indepen dent color enables precise color matching regardless of the mon itor used The resolution independence of PDF also enables magnification up to 800 without text or clarity loss in graph ics However bitmap images display at their own resolutions Increasing the magnification of a PDF document that contains a bitmap image will display the image clearly until the on screen resolution typically 72 to 75 dpi at 100 is greater than the res olution of the image resulting in image clarity loss 34 Chapter 2 2 3 2 3 1 Strengths of PDF as an Internet Publishable File Format PDF files are well suited for Internet publishing as well as pub lishing in other media HTML and PDF share many characteris tics that make them both highly efficient and usable file formats These features include cross platform compatibility support for interactive forms incremental updates hypertext support for other media other graphic and image file types and compact file size to name a few Integrated with Web Browsers As of this writing Netscape Communications Netscape Navi gator 2 x and 3 x and Microsoft s Internet Explorer both
191. eam from which the Acrobat viewer can read the PDF file s data Via the external Window Handler the Acrobat viewer sends back an IAC message to the Web browser that contains a request to read specific bytes from the data stream The Web browser then sends the request ed bytes to the Acrobat viewer which in turn renders the PDF document in the Web browser s document window Note IAC s communication and event handling is platform dependent Applications that support Acrobat 3 0 s IAC interface are called through a link with the PDFX library which handles the details of the platform dependent interface PDFX is a cross platform C language interface for Macintosh Windows and UNIX It contains approximately 25 calls that applications like Web browsers use to invoke an Acrobat viewer to read data from a PDF file to print copy text and images to the clipboard and handle events On the Acrobat client these calls are supported via the External Window Handler Plug in Note The Acrobat viewer not the calling application takes respon sibility for the Print dialog box This may affect the calling applica tion s print actions 314 Appendices Appendix E Configuring QuarkXPress to Produce PDF Files QuarkXPress users may find that using certain options available in QuarkXPress will result in PDF files of less than acceptable quality These technical issues are related to the way QuarkXPress generates a PostScript f
192. ectronic publishers As shown in Table 2 1 1 Acrobat applications fall into three gen eral classifications based on the tasks each application performs What is Adobe Acrobat 17 Classification Application Name s Description Viewers Acrobat Reader Viewers display and allow interaction with Acrobat Exchange PDF documents Acrobat Player Producers Exchange with Acrobat Capture Applications that convert electronic files and Import Plug ins or paper documents to PDF files PDFWriter Acrobat Distiller with Distiller Assistant Acrobat Capture Indexer Acrobat Catalog Generates indices used by search engines to conduct inquiries Other indexing software can create indices that include PDF files among other file formats While these prod ucts are not part of Adobe s Acrobat software they can be classified as indexers 2 Zeon Corporation s suite of PDF viewing clones are similar to Reader and Exchange see Section 10 6 1 Zeon Corporation s DocuComp PDF Viewers and Producers Note Other applications Adobe Illustrator 5 5 Mac Adobe Illus trator 6 0 Transverter Pro and GhostView may be able to open view print or edit PDF files However these applications may not allow interaction with the content as a viewer does 2 1 1 Adobe Acrobat Reader The freely available Acrobat Reader opens views and prints copies of PDF files including those downloaded from the Internet Use Acrobat Read
193. eeder attachment or using a service bureau Platform Operating System PC Windows 3 x Windows 95 Windows NT 3 5 4 x Adobe Acrobat Player Acrobat Player represents the logical evolution of PDF viewers to meet changing developments in the computer industry The device independent Player enables original equipment manufac turers OEMs to integrate PDF in set top boxes digital bill boards projectors and in automobile mapping systems Extending the PDF file format beyond the personal computer enhances the attractiveness of this technology to publishers What is Adobe Acrobat 31 2 1 9 Detailed technical information about Acrobat Player can be found at Adobe s Acrobat Web site http www adobe com acro bat or by contacting Adobe s Developer Association at http www adobe com supportservice devrelations Adobe Acrobat Plug ins Acrobat plug ins extend the PDF file format and or the Acrobat software family The Portable Document Format is extensible thereby allowing software developers to write plug ins that add new features formats automation or integration into the PDF file format Plug ins for Exchange can automate tasks such as creating bookmarks or making global changes to link boundary colors An Adobe Acrobat Software Development Kit SDK is available through the Adobe Developer s Association Developers can build on the sample plug in source code and the example plug ins included with the SD
194. ent and purpose of the file use the PDF file s title subject author and keywords fields Optionally the PDF file can be integrated with other PDF or HTML files which provide information about the nature and contents of the PDF file Note Some PDF file indexing software requires certain naming conventions usually based on conventions dictated by the plat forms or operating system Most however support 8 3 or ISO 9660 naming conventions Web browsers email clients and other network software identi fies files with the three character PDF extension as PDF files and launches an Acrobat viewer as a helper application Most Web browsers come preconfigured to launch PDF viewers when downloading or opening files with the PDF file extension Other Web browsers that don t support Acrobat 3 0 require users to select the PDF viewer as a helper application Off line removing the PDF extension prevents Windows ver sions of an Acrobat viewer from launching when a locally mounted file is double clicked UNIX users may not see PDF files without the PDF extension in the Open dialog box if the filter pattern is lt directory gt pdf 136 Chapter 5 Note For Macintosh Windows 95 Windows NT and UNIX files rename the often longer filenames to meet the ISO 9660 naming convention before publishing the file on the Internet PDF PDF Fine Tuning PDF Documents After converting a PostScript file to a PDF file there a
195. entify the element causing the PostScript error If this doesn t work consult technical support when encountering reproducible errors during PostScript file generation Also consult the printer driver s error log for information and the cause of the error if supported by the driver or creator application 122 Chapter 5 5 2 options may be available Select either save or print and choose a location for the PostScript file Using Acrobat Distiller Acrobat Distiller reads and interprets PostScript files applies compression downsamples graphics and images embeds fonts and converts the PostScript file s data to a PDF file Note To convert PostScript files or Encapsulated PostScript files select File gt Open select a PostScript file and name the resulting PDF file Distiller also converts PostScript files dropped into defined directories See the Distiller user guide for information on naming the resulting PDF files converted from a watched folder Use Acrobat Distiller as the principal tool to compress text and to compress and downsample graphics and images when convert ing a PostScript file to a PDF file Distiller s settings for job options control the downsampling compression type quality of images and graphics and the compression of text Distiller auto matically applies whatever compression technology is specified in Job Options to all text graphics and images unless overrid den by Distiller specifi
196. er to navigate through PDF docu ments with the Reader s toolbar or via interactive objects added to the document 18 Chapter 2 Reader and Exchange use Adobe s Multiple Master font technol ogy to maintain all line breaks and formatting in order to match the design of the original font Acrobat Reader 3 0 and later works cooperatively with Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browsers such as Netscape Navigator 2 x or later Microsoft Internet Explorer 2 0 or later or other Acrobat 3 0 savvy Web browsers Users can view print and interact seamlessly with PDF documents in an Acrobat 3 0 savvy Web browser window Reader s capabilities function normally with the exception of keyboard shortcuts Note The Reader s menus are not visible or functional when view ing a PDF document within a Web browser Some functions how ever can be controlled by the Menu Action function Acrobat Reader is free shareable and available on the Internet through the Adobe Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat It also is bundled with a variety of applications Table 2 1 2 lists the Acrobat Reader s availability by platform and operating system For the most complete list of the Reader s availability check Adobe s Acrobat Web site Readers are available in the following languages Dutch English US French German Italian Spanish Swedish UK English and Asian languages For current Reader language availability
197. erates a report DAQ ADBE http randomyahoo com none ryl Random URL lookup Displays a random page based bin ryl on a directory of possible URLs eee Table 7 1 5 World Wide Web Link Actions to a CGI Data Result Examples 1 Setting World Wide Web Link actions that use other Internet protocols PDF World Wide Web Link actions enable access via a Web browser and helper applications such as Telnet if needed to other types of servers and services on the Internet Set the World Wide Web Link action by entering a URL that uses other Internet protocols other than the HTTP protocol used for Web docu ments Table 7 1 6 World Wide Web Link Action Syntax for Other Internet Protocols lists the URL syntax for the most com mon Internet protocols Other supported but less commonly used protocols include NNTP Usenet news using NNTP access prospero Prospero Actions 181 Transport Protocol Gopher Telnet Telnet with password FTP with password ews Usenet news mailto electronic mail address WAIS Wide Area Information Servers Syntax Sample URL gopher veronica scs unr edu 00 veronica how to query veronica elnet djnr dowjones com elnet lt username gt lt password gt djnr dowjones com tp ftp adobe corn tp lt username gt lt password gt ftp adobe com news comp text pdf mailto president whitehouse gov wais cnidr org di
198. erences Notes Create notes via Ventura s hidden text commands lt text Insert this hidden text code into the text to be loaded in the Ventura file The text that is typed within the brackets is hidden within the Ventura document iTable 4 3 4 Interactive and Navigational Objects Supported by Ventura 5 0 and later versions 1 lt Sttext gt creates hidden text within Ventura and is converted to a note when Acrobat Distiller is used for con version lt text gt will create hidden text within Ventura but the tilde suppresses the hidden code from being converted to a note when Distiller is used 2 Hidden text will not convert properly to a PDF note if it is the first entry in a paragraph Insert a space before inserting the hidden text code 4 3 6 See the Corel Ventura User s Guide for more information on cre ating PDF files with Ventura Using Microsoft Word and Microsoft Excel Microsoft Word and Excel have no built in support for the auto matic creation of interactive or navigational objects in PDF files However one step PDF file creation can be added to Word and PDF Sawvy Creator Applications 115 Excel through a macro that adds a Create Adobe PDF option to the File menus of both applications available in the retail version of Acrobat 3 0 for Windows 95 only Choosing the Create Adobe PDF option automatically switches to the PDFWriter driver cre ates the PDF file and then switche
199. ernet Mail Extension MIME Type Byte Ranges Forms Data Format For Web browsers and servers to distinguish a PDF file from an ASCII text file the server must be configured to identify the PDF MIME type The PDF MIME type is specific to the PDF file format and is shared by FDF files To support progressive rendering of PDF files pbage on demand downloads the server software must support byte ranges Byte ranges enable individual access to pages and data within a PDF file Byte range requests are much newer than the PDF MIME type registration and some server software may not come preconfigured to support byte range requests Older server software supports byte range requests with the aid of a very basic CGI script Byte range requests initiated by Netscape Communications is not specific to the PDF file format Many other new file types on the Internet use byte ranges to progressively download and cache data To process and respond to FDF encoded forms applications and server scripts must be written or modified to read and respond to FDF files See Appendix C The Forms Data Format for more information about FDF files eee Table 8 2 1 Web Server Configuration Issues 8 2 1 Configuring the Server with the PDF MIME Type The PDF MIME type was registered with the Internet in September 1994 Most of today s Web server software is precon figured to recognize the PDF MIME type In addition to th
200. ers through scripts to send commands to other programs and the MacOS on a Macintosh Application Programming Interface API Often divided into classes e g communications messages etc APIs facilitate prescribe actions on particular software oper ating systems Acrobat 3 0 supports Netscape Communications Navi gator APIs which enable the Acro bat viewer application to exchange information with the Navigator application along the curve or edge of the font ASCII American Standard Code for or image This results in a slightly blurry yet more readable font or smoother looking image For Acro bat 3 0 ATM facilitates anti aliasing of text in a PDF file 291 Information Interchange Devel oped by the American National Standards Institute ANSI ASCII is set of 128 characters that include letters numbers punctuation and control codes all represented by a 292 Glossary unique number ASCII encoded PDF files use only the ASCI char acter set to describe the PDF file This typically results in slightly larger files than those encoded with binary data authoring languages Languages that enable non programmers to create a custom presentation and to con trol the actions of navigational and interactive objects within the appli cation Primarily used by scripters or multimedia developers bandwidth A capacity of a connec tion including wires and radio fre quency transmissions and the
201. es to look for include the object s action World Wide Web Link Go To View etc general attributes such as color line style title etc and the position of these objects in the PDF document For more information about modifying these objects see Chapter 7 Adding Interactive and Navigational Objects Modifying PDF Documents After a balance between file size and document quality is reached the PDF document may be further modified to make corrections to the document These corrections can be accom plished either by modifying whole pages or single lines of text If a document requires modifications that would affect the flow of text such as deleting a paragraph or moving an image it is best to make these modifications in the original creator application s file and then convert the file via a PostScript file to a PDF file 156 Chapter 6 Item Whole pages Modify Importing extracting deleting replacing pages Dimensions cropping pages Orientation rotating pages Page order reordering pages Lines of text Words and phrases Text style and color Text size and other attributes Automatically generated interactive Actions and navigational objects Attributes Position location 6 2 1 6 2 2 Inserting Deleting Extracting and Replacing Document Pages Making major modifications in a PDF document is often best accomplished by inserting deleting extracting or replacing a PDF page
202. f action options Useful as a visual cue Can be used within a form or for other interactive features The button can be configured to have a different name and icon when depressed by the user Radio button Users select one or another field item Useful when the user has just a few choices and an option must be chosen Radio buttons can be placed near icons and other visual objects but the items need not be placed next to one another Checkbox Users select one or multiple field items Useful for the selection of one or more items Like the radio button it can be placed near icons and other visual objects but the items need not be placed next to one another Table 7 6 13 PDF Form Field Types Text can be copied and pasted from field to field Form Field Options Each form field type has a unique set of options associated with it Table 7 6 14 PDF Field Properties Field Options presents a list and related notes for each field type In addition to each 208 Chapter 7 field s option an appearance of a field can be customized See Section 7 6 8 Form Field Appearance for the available form field appearance options Field Type Options Option Notes Text field alignment left right centered Displays the full contents of the field rather than a sin m ltiline gle line within the field If the text in the field extends beyond the boundaries of the field the text field default value scro
203. fault 210 Chapter 7 Export values Export values that are associated with list items They are not dis played to the user Export values enable the user to interact and choose from a list of context based items while the processing application or script uses the selected or entered export value of the list item An export value could be a simple number or some other data For example a user can choose a favorite color from a list of red green or blue with the export values 1 2 and 3 respectively When the form is submitted the processing script or application can generate a response to the user s input based on the numerical export value of the selected list item and it need not process the contextual list items Radio and checkbox form fields use the default export value of on This value is commonly assigned to radio and checkbox HTML forms On indicates that the button is checked or select Field Type Value Exported Value s Text field Contents of the field Contents of the field Combo box Selected list item The selected list items are assigned value If no export value is assigned the selected value is exported List box Selected list item The selected list items are assigned value If no export value is assigned the selected value is exported Button None None Radio button Check button check circle cross Default export value is On for selected diamond square or star radio butt
204. fer to the installation guide residing with the Acrobat software installers for detailed information and possible remedies Troubleshooting Acrobat Software Installation and Launching 259 Problem Acrobat Reader doesn t load the Search Plug in Third party plug ins pur chased to make changes in the PDF document do not load in Acrobat Reader The installation of Adobe Acrobat appears to be suc cessful but no Acrobat pro gram group or icons appear in Program Manager During startup Acrobat Distiller for Windows 2 0 or earlier displays the Starting Distiller status window and then quits unexpectedly The error Not enough free disk space to continue installation appears while installing Acrobat Reader The error Cannot load the license agreement appears while installing Acrobat Reader 2 1 The error Cannot load the language library appears while installing Reader 2 1 OS 2 version 3 0 Warp or Reader 2 1 displays the error ATM cannot be found when launching an Acrobat viewer Platform All All Windows Windows Windows Windows Windows OS 2 Solution Acrobat Reader 2 1 and earlier versions do not support the Search Plug in Only a specially licensed version of Reader 2 1 Acrobat Search for CD ROM includes a Reader that can use the Search Plug in Only Reader enabled plug ins Weblink Movie and others can be used with the Reader Plug
205. fication 2 Users also can click and drag through the story 7 9 1 Note Once downloaded clicking on an article does not request more information from the server However if an article jumps to another page not cached the server is contacted to download the target page before continuing Article Appearance Article borders are invisible to the user The boundary for an arti cle thread is only visible in Acrobat Exchange when the article tool is selected Users are cued to the existence of an article when the cursor moves over an article A small arrow pointing down with a line at the top end of the arrow is added to the hand cursor Article Threads 219 A line below the arrow in the hand cursor indicates that the end of the article thread and the story have been reached An audible beep cues the reader that the end of the article has been reached and the reader is returned to the view displayed before the arti cle thread was entered 7 9 2 Article Sizes As with almost every enrichment article threads add to PDF file size One article thread box of any size adds 307 bytes to a PDF file Subsequent article threads connected to the first article are smaller approximately 180 bytes each Out of all the enrich ments articles can add the most incremental volume to a PDF file because of their widespread use in text heavy documents newsletters brochures reports etc 7 9 3 Article Themes Article t
206. file com ion pression and image down sampling when converting to a PDF file using Acrobat Distiller significantly reduces the data required to display significantly reduci print based job Su later Solutions include t and some creator application macros indices and cross references to context ve 5 the document while not ng quality no affect on the pported in Acrobat 1 0 and hird party plug ins pdfmark hat con and hypertext links Supported in Acrobat 1 0 and later Crop pages by con script see Append Dis Acrobat Exchange figuring Distiller s startup ix H Setting Options in ler s Startup Directory or crop pages in after the file has been con verted to PDF or use Acrobat s interactive and navigational objects e g article threads zoom actions fit visible page mode etc Supported in Acrobat 1 0 and la er Article threads are supported in Distiller 2 0 and later Table 3 1 2 continued 1 Resolution here is output print device resolution Images 150 to 250 dpi are commonly processed by a PostScript RIP to generate an output image within the range of 600 to 2540 dpi Note A concurrent content development strategy also may apply to the repurposing of other media formats slides video electronic presentations etc 3 1 2 Complementing Print Based Publishing with PDF The complementary content development strategy produces
207. file on a local volume World Wide Web Link Action World Wide Web Link actions use the Weblink Plug in to con nect to servers and files on the Internet The location of these servers and files are expressed as Uniform Resource Locators URLs used extensively by Web browsers and other Internet client software PDF file World Wide Web Link URLs support all common transport protocols including Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTP Gopher or File Transport Protocol FTP Actions 175 World Wide Web Link actions are set by clicking the Edit URL button in the action s handler information and entering a valid URL Enter the full URL which includes the transport protocol site name path and file name Or enter only the relative path and assign the document a base URL see Section 7 2 Setting a Base URL in a PDF File The URL may be a site or a specific file on the site World Wide Web Link actions open a URL via a Web browser Acrobat 3 0 savvy Web browsers process this information direct ly through a Web browser s application programming interface through interapplication communication see Appendix D In terapplication Communication and Web Browsers Other Web browsers use platform dependent interapplication communica tion to open the URL and switch between the Acrobat viewer and a Web browser depending on the format type of document being viewed Viewing PDF files a page at a time as they download and pro
208. fits the entire width of the top of the document within the Acrobat viewer or Web browser document window Fit Visible Fit Visible enlarges or reduces the page to fit the left most and right most images text or graphics within the Acrobat viewer or Web browser document window by hiding white space in the margins Fixed Sets the page s magnification to a percentage Choose from preset percentages 25 50 75 100 125 150 200 400 800 or enter a custom percentage Open Preferences 229 Page mode Page mode determines how pages are viewed and scrolled with in the Acrobat viewer and Web browser document window The single column allows continuous scrolling through the docu ment pages to give the file a HTML like feel Mode Description Default Displays the document by using the page mode set in the user s Acrobat viewer The factory set default is single page mode Continuous Displays one page at a time in the Acrobat viewer or Web browser s window One column Pages are displayed in a continuous scrollable vertical column Users with large monitors can view more than one page at a time Continuous facing pages Pages are arranged so that they are displayed side by side in two continuous scrollable columns This view is useful for viewing page spreads or multiple pages of a document 7 12 2 Window Options Use Window Options to better control the way a document opens in an Acrobat viewer regar
209. fonts and other operating system related options may interfere with the conversion Table 9 3 1 lists the most common error messages generated by Acrobat Distiller and some possible workarounds Problem Platform Solution PostScript files don t distill All correctly resulting in dis crepancies between the original document and the distilled document or failure to distill at all Distiller gives a LIMITCHECK All or VMERRORS error Distiller gives a LIMITCHECK All error when using RUNFILE to combine multiple PostScript files into a single PDF file Acrobat Distiller functions like a printer driver Check to see if the document will print correctly Documents that do not print cor rectly will not distill correctly More information is available from the Adobe FaxY 4403 LIMITCHECK or VMERRORS errors usually are caused by insufficient RAM By default Distiller is set up to use 6144K of RAM Long doc uments or graphic intensive documents may require more mem ory to process Increase the amount of RAM allocated to Distiller More information is available from the Adobe FaxY 4403 LIMITCHECK errors from Frame references are common Acroba named destination links it can p aker files with extensive cross Distiller 2 1 has a limit of 4000 rocess Convert the file in parts to reduce the total number of links processed at one time Multiple PostScript files can be distilled into one PD
210. forms next Unix text EPS Links Files EPS Links for Macintosh and Windows outlines the process of creating links with EPS files within Adobe Illustrator using pdf mark and Acrobat Distiller Available for free download from the Adobe Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat 290 Chapter 10 10 7 5 Gymnast Developed by Robert Schifreen Gymnast Windows only con verts ASCII text files to PDF documents freeware Available for Windows 10 7 6 PDF Type Utility PDF Type Macintosh only is a applet that sets the file type of a Windows or UNIX produced PDF file to PDF so the file is rec ognized by Acrobat Exchange and Reader 10 7 7 Tumbler Tumbler Macintosh only by Lawrence D Oliveiro Ido waika to ac nz converts Apples QuickDrawGX Portable Digital Docu ments PDDs to PDF files Available from many of the Info Mac archives or try http www emrg com PDF PDF Glossary Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browser AppleEvents Enables applications A Web browser that supports the Adobe Acrobat 3 0 Application Pro gramming Interface API by enabling Web browsers to view PDF files within the browser s document window Adobe Type Manager ATM ATM enables scaleable PostScript fonts to appear smooth at almost any size onscreen and when printed anti aliasing The technique of smoothing and softening the edges of polygons by adding pixels in a lighter yet complementary color and us
211. from the Adobe FaxY 4400 continued 268 Chapter 9 Problem Graphics i e Quark generated or imported graphics in QuarkXPress docu ments converted to PDF display and print as boxes with Xs through them when distilled by using Acrobat Distiller Bitmap images in PDF files created with Distiller display and print with a distor tion or a quilted pattern Patterns fills and lines become solid tints when converted to PDF format in Adobe Acrobat PDF document using fills and lines when distilled results in very large file sizes PDF documents using fills and lines renders slowly Bitmap images created with custom halftone functions e g Adobe Photoshop images saved with cus tomized dot shapes display and print differently in Acrobat than from the application that created the file When attempting to display QuarkXPress 3 x PDF files created from PostScript files with bitmap smoothing Acrobat viewers run out of memory After conversion the PDF loses all color and only displays graphics and images in grayscale Platform Macintosh All All All Macintosh All Solution ake sure that Normal not Rough is selected as the Output option in Quark s Print dialog box when creating the PS ile to be distilled through the Acrobat Distiller ore information is available from the Adobe FaxY1 4424 Reduce the amount of compression Distiller performs on the bitmap images ore informat
212. generated More information is available from the Acrobat Distiller 2 1 ReadMe pdf Tne aaa Table 9 6 1 continued Hardware Compatibility Issues and Workarounds T PDF PDF 10 Acrobat Resources In addition to this book there are a number of other resources for learning more about Internet publishing with Acrobat or Acrobat in general As of this writing this chapter compiles and summarizes the known Acrobat resources available by phone via fax in print and on the Internet This chapter also includes informa tion on a number of Acrobat related technologies including the PostScript lan guage fonts Adobe software and more 271 272 Chapter 10 10 1 10 1 1 Acrobat Print Resources There are a number of books that focus on Acrobat issues relat ed to software and publishing PDF files These publications pro vide a different perspective of Adobe s Acrobat technology the PDF file format and its uses than this reference Beyond Paper By Patrick Ames Beyond Paper mixes the practical with the technical The book is organized around a typical work day to illustrate the advantages of using the PDF file format The book covers a number of com mon office document types and how these documents can be used as PDF documents Technical information is presented rel ative to the tasks in each section Beyond Paper provides information about how humans work and how they interact with the software and
213. han the HTML file Accessibility of audience to Acrobat viewers Does the audience and the computer platform they use have access to Acrobat viewers and HTML browsers If access to Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browsers and the resources required to view PDF is in short supply HTML is a better choice Content Service 3 3 Content defined as document type and published as PDF HTML or other file formats can be organized on an Internet server to meet the specific needs of users The organization the types of documents on the server and the way in which users access the information define the site s approach to content ser 80 Chapter 3 vice In addition to serving content by using the general use Web site model a site can be organized to serve content that can be printed on demand served over a limited access network or used to store images and graphics for quick retrieval These content service options may be combined or may be exclusive to a site a site being defined by an individual domain name The files are organized within directories from a collection of hard coded links or generated dynamically via a search function connected to an index of the documents on the server and potentially other servers Files organized within folders are cate gorized with common topics and contextual connections Links to files that are hard coded into HTML documents provide access across a single server to other sites and doc
214. he PDF file on a system that doesn t have the embedded fonts installed or temporarily disable them Select File gt Document Info gt Fonts in an Acrobat viewer to display the list of fonts embedded in the PDF file s first page Click the List All Fonts button to see the embedded fonts in the subse quent pages of the PDF file Note Checking embedded fonts on a system that has the embedded fonts installed will not identify the fonts as embedded fonts The fonts are used from the system rather than from the fonts embedded in the PDF file Embedded fonts cannot be removed from the PDF file To remove the embedded fonts from the PDF file it must be reprocessed Choose Never Embed the font and convert the PostScript file again Accidental embedding can happen when an unintended font is included in a PostScript file and Distiller s Embed All option is selected Move the erroneously embedded font to the Do Not Embed font list in Distiller s font embedding dialog box or deselect the Embed All option and manually add the fonts to be embedded in the PDF file to the Always Embed list Note Embedded and even subset fonts add data to a PDF file Embed a font only when there is a noticeable difference between the original font s onscreen and print resolution PDF File Evaluation 151 6 1 12 Identifying embedded fonts Embedded fonts are displayed in the Font Information dialog box by font name The Original and Used font
215. he appropriate network application to fetch the URL The network application either dis plays the item referenced by the URL or calls a helper application to display the item For example TurboGopher renders text Gopher searches and directories itself but calls Acrobat to dis play PDF files This means that you can use InternetLink and URLs to seamlessly link PDF documents residing on servers any where on the Internet Since only Web servers support the Amber technology that al lows page on demand downloading and progressive rendering of PDF documents adding a link to a 40 page PDF file located on a Gopher server will result in the launching of a Gopher application to download the entire file then open an Acrobat viewer to view the PDF document The Weblink Plug in is a better solution for connecting to Internet based servers for both publishers and users The InternetLink plug in software is available free via Gopher or anonymous FTP from ftp boombox micro umn edu Use this URL to gopher to the appropriate directory GOPHER boombox micro umn edu 11 gopher Macintosh TurboGopher helper applications VerTec TranZform TranZform is available as a two part package Definer and Fill In TranZform allows instantaneous interactive manipulation of Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins 347 forms throughout the business environment totally indepen dent of platform or software With TranZform PDF documents become i
216. henever possible use Type 1 fonts or other fonts that may be easily converted to Type 1 or TrueType when designing a document When print ing the file to a PostScript printer some drivers e g the Windows 3 1 PS driver convert other font formats to Type 1 fonts See Table 4 1 6 Font Format Issues for additional font format information Note Adobe s CID Character Identifier keyed font technology enables the supported Asian languages to be mixed on the same page Designing PDF Documents for the Web 101 Type 1C fonts a Type 1 font compressed by Acrobat Distiller 3 0 decreases file size more than Type 1 and other embedded font formats Additionally using a compressed Type 1C font prevents users from illicitly removing Type 1 fonts from the PDF file If Type 1C fonts are not used it calls into question a number of licensing issues publishers should carefully consider Note Only Acrobat 3 0 supports compressed Type 1 Type 1C fonts PDF files with compressed Type 1 fonts can be used only with Acrobat 3 0 or later viewers Font Type Issue TrueType TrueType fonts are converted easily to Type 1 Distiller 2 0 or 2 1 or Type 1C fonts Distiller 3 0 and later The Microsoft Windows 3 1 PostScript printer driver coverts TrueType fonts to PostScript Type 1 fonts by default when it creates a PostScript file for PostScript printing Distiller 3 0 converts this font to a Type 1C font Bitmap fonts2 Bit
217. her the PDF files on the Web if their Web browser supports this or download the PDF file for off line viewing Additionally summarization can take the form of tables of con tents lists of figures outlines or other document navigational aids with hypertext links to specific pages or sections of the PDF file most efficient as named destination Note The summarization method is a useful alternative to dupli cating files Since all Web browsers support PDF file transfer which allows the file to be downloaded and viewed with an installed PDF Content Development Strategies 63 viewer application users read the summary and if interested in the document download the entire PDF file Inclusion With HTML 2 0 the first page of a PDF file not a defined first page can be embedded within an HTML file as an image source GIF JPEG etc or within a frame when viewed with a frames compatible Web browser An embedded PDF file s page dimen sions may be scaled to fit The dimension need not be proportionate to the PDF page dimensions Embedding a PDF file within an HTML file limits many of the interactive and navi gational features found in PDF files effectively reducing the PDF file to a graphic The Acrobat viewer toolbar doesn t load and any PDF objects such as links buttons and notes do not appear or function Clicking on the embedded PDF file either opens it in another of the Web browser s document windows or wi
218. hich is in the Extensions folder found in the System Folder On Windows sys tems the Acrobat 3 0 installer places the ACRODIST PPD into the Windows System directory The installer for both Macintosh and Windows also places the PPD file within the Acrobat Distiller Xtras directory Note Outline text created in QuarkXPress displays as white char acters in Acrobat viewers but prints correctly to PostScript printers Quark updates may fix this bug Using Corel Ventura Publisher Corel Ventura Publisher 5 0 and later versions support PDF nav igational and interactive objects directly by converting the table of contents items index or cross reference entries to PDF book marks and links via pdfmark To create a PDF file from Ventura first set up the table of con tents indices and cross references Renumber the publication and generate the table of contents In the Print Dialog box 114 Chapter 4 choose Print to File from the File Print option and select En capsulated PostScript driver in the Print Setup PostScript op tions Select Acrobat in the Print Options dialog box Ventura supports HTML markup as well as an option to view native Ventura files as electronic documents within Ventura This is especially useful for HTML and PDF integration strategies PDF Object Description Bookmarks Bookmarks are generated from Ventura s native table of contents and index Links Create hypertext links with Ventura s cross ref
219. hreads also can be used to dictate the sequence in which a user will experience other items in a PDF document Theme Description Order images or graphics Opening order alternates between images and graphics similar to a slide show Order tables or charts Follows the numbered order of the tables or charts Order by importance Order text or graphic elements by importance rather than by page or reading order Order by reference Order opens from text to other text blocks or graphics as a link to an example rather than a text reference The article will enlarge the graphic or image at the same level of magnification that it does for text Check the display quality of the graphic or image at 150 to 250 220 Chapter 7 7 10 Notes Use notes to append information post changes or call attention to an area of the document Notes may be used to update an email address indicate when a file will be posted to a site or list a URL change Notes can be hidden or shown by other interactive objects by using the Show Hide Annotation action Creative use of the Show Hide Annotation action can be combined with notes to display messages without taking up valuable screen real estate See Section 7 10 5 Other Note Uses for more suggestions on how to use notes Notes may be added to PDF files with Acrobat Exchange with PDF savvy creator applications such as Adobe PageMaker or Adobe FrameMaker or with pdfmark Notes
220. ical information integrators servicing a market sector such as health care and insurance 8522 National Blvd Culver City CA 90232 Tel 310 836 5225 Fax 310 836 5226 mhs compuserve com The Xenos Group Inc Corridor AFP to PDF Corridor AFP to PDF transforms IBM Advanced Function Print ing datastreams AFPDS to PDF files converting the data streams into a portable universally recognized format for viewing and printing with Adobe Acrobat products The resulting output meets light test compatibility AFPDS to PDF accepts mixed mode AAFPDS and IBM line mode and pure CCU based non AFIG AFP print streams both external and embedded AFP objects such as page segments Graphical Object Content Architecture GOCA files and over 356 Appendices K 5 lays and AFPDS at 240 300 and 1 440 dpi AFPDS to PDF accesses existing AFP resource libraries to select overlays images and graphics Normal library maintenance procedures remain in effect AFPDS to PDF does not create redundant resources files or processes The use of AFPDS to PDF provides for document portability over time as all resources necessary for creating a document are stored with the text at the time of creation 95 Mural Street Suite 201 Richmond Hill Ontario L4B 3G2 Canada Tel 800 387 9781 Fax 905 709 1023 Elixir Technologies Corporation Elixir Elixir printing software brings the advantages of electronic doc
221. ication In some instances the discrete files may be combined in a publishing application or combined when con verted to PDF files to form a composite file yielding a cohesive document This book details the development of both new and repurposed content to PDF publications For detailed information on designing and creating PDF files from any type of electronic file Content Development Strategies 59 Published on Content Source Creator Application Acrobat Converter Internet Server J 3 A D Paper documents PDF specific Conversion to PDF Internet and files design Figure 3 1 3 PDF Only Content Development Publishing Model repurposed or original refer to Chapter 4 Designing Content for the Internet Note Some PDF savvy creator applications automate the process of adding interactive and navigational objects to a file when it is con verted to a PDF file See Section 4 3 PDF Savvy Creator Ap plications Integrating HTML with PDF Files HTML the content file type most commonly used on the Web provides the underlying structure of an Internet site for most publishing efforts However integrating PDF with HTML results in the ability to publish both dynamic flexible documents in HTML and visually rich compelling documents as PDF files HTML is the accepted standard for Internet publishing All Web browsers read HTML 2 0 see ftp ds internic net rfc rfc1866 txt for the spec
222. iew 42 376 Index file content and See content se vice sfl files 173 SGML 70 Show Hide Annotation action 182 software See also specific product for converting files to PDF 353 359 See also Distiller plug ins See plug ins for searching and indexing s pos for Web servers 302 303 Software Development Kit Acrobat Bl Sound action 173 spreadsheets file format selection for 67 Submit Form action 1734174 subsampling 128 SurfBoard B07 Symmetric Stream Cipher 42 Sys Print 359 T Telnet World Wide Web Link action syntax for 18i text appearance in form fields 213 file format selection for 72 fonts See fonts form field type and values 103 printing and display problems with 269 themes for articles 219 threads article See article threads thumbnails See also interactive and navigational objects evaluating 143 in file search 253 problems with 261 supported by FrameMaker 110 supported by PageMaker 108 view option for 227 Topic Internet Server 309 Touch Up plug in BO O7 1593 333 834 transferring files Index 377 downloading files See download ing files file transfer protocol See FTP TrueType fonts See fonts Tumbler 290 Type il and Type 8 fonts See fonts U uploading files 248 See also transfer ring files URLs p base setting in PDF files 1824186 described 174 file format selectio
223. iewer to render and manage live PDF files in the document window of other applications e g Web browsers All normal viewer navi gational and interactive objects are available via the user interface and an optional Acrobat toolbar In addition IAC enables the other application to supply the Acrobat viewer with an interface for reading PDF files from data sources e g Web servers In the case of Netscape Navigator and other Web browsers that use the PDFViewer Plug in both the Web browser and an Acrobat viewer either Acrobat Reader 3 0 or Acrobat Exchange 3 0 must be running simultaneously Netscape Navigator uses the PDFViewer Plug in and the Acrobat viewer uses the External Window Handler Plug in to facilitate communication between the two applications Note Microsoft Internet Explorer uses ActiveX technology to com munication with an Acrobat viewer See the Adobe Web site at http www adobe com and Microsoft Corporation s Web site at http www microsoft com for more information on ActiveX IAC specifics Appendix D Interapplication Communication and Web Browsers 313 For most interapplication communication when a user clicks on a PDF file published on a Web server the Web browser sends an IAC message to the Acrobat viewer via the PDFViewer and External Windows Handler plug ins The message contains a handle to the Web browser s document window where the PDF document will be rendered and a handle to a str
224. ific needs These plug ins could include a database lookup field the use of forms revision control mark up of documents in transition or facilitate online presentations Intranet servers can be used as an organization s presentation server as well Approved presentations are posted on the server for employees or field staff With Acrobat Exchange s capability to import export and arrange page order unique presentations can be created Another intranet use could be as an archive server which could contain legal contacts forms and non disclosure information While not discussed broadly in this book Acrobat Capture the PDF optical character recognition software and hardware solu tion can change a static paper based archive into a dynamic digital library Note PDF files may be integrated with more traditional network ing and collaborative software such as NetWare and Lotus Notes Using PDF on an Image Archive Server PDF files can be used as a universal graphic and image archive format Graphic or image collections that are served on Web FTP or Gopher servers are compiled into an index that displays thumbnails of the images in the collection Graphics can be con verted from their original file format to PDF files or can include an index with links from the thumbnail to the original file facil itating the downloading of the selected image or graphic 84 Chapter 3 Converting common graphics and imag
225. ification as it presently stands however enhance ments such as those proposed by Netscape Communications at 60 Chapter 3 http home netscape com and custom file types PDF Shockwave and RealAudio files are viewable within fewer Web browsers Therefore publishing only in HTML allows the great est potential reach This exposure comes with limited design capabilities which can minimize the graphic appeal of most publications when compared to PDF files Integration at the most basic level enables users browsing a Web site or file server CD ROM etc to alternate between content served as a PDF file or as an HTML file The content is organized in such a way that following a link leads to a PDF file which leads to an HTML file which then leads to another HTML file or a PDF file and so forth Integration is also the inclusion of a PDF file within an HTML document where the PDF file serves as a graphical item From the user s perspective there s little differ ence in the process of viewing an HTML or PDF file only the file formats are different Duplication summarization inclusion and dynamic generation are other HTML and PDF integration methods that expand on the basic integration method For an integration strategy content sources are typically docu ments already being published as either HTML or PDF files or perhaps in both file formats Content sources also may include documents designed specifically
226. ification do work When viewing a PDF file in a Web browser s document window if an object that is used to exe cute a menu action tries to execute the menu item that is not sup ported by the Web browser s Acrobat toolbar the result is either no action or some action within the Acrobat viewer which is transparent to the viewing of the PDF file in the Web browser Note Exchange specific menu actions will not work with Acrobat Reader Go To View Action Links and bookmarks can be defined to open a specified page at a defined or default magnification or display the current page at a different magnification The action can be set to zoom in zoom out or to view a single page The magnification is set from the Go To View action s pop up menu options called the Handler Information For a list of Go To View options see Table 7 1 2 166 Chapter 7 View Options Descriptions Fixed Uses the zoom magnification and position of the current page in the document window as the destination magnification Fit View Fits the visible portion of the destination page in the window Fit Page Fits the entire page in the destination window Fit Height Fits the height of the page in the destination window Fit Width Fits the width of the page in the destination window Fit Visible Fits the width of the visible contents of the page in the destination window nherent Zoom Uses the zoom level in effect when the action is activated
227. ile Adobe has addressed a number of these technical issues with solutions that when followed result in error free conversion and high quality PDF files There are also a number of ways to cus tomize QuarkXPress so creating PDF files with QuarkXPress is more efficient E 1 Creating a Custom Printer File for Distiller in Windows 1 Exit to DOS and change to the WINDOWS SYSTEM directory 2 Type edit acrodist ppd to open the Distiller PPD file in MS DOS Edit 3 Locate the ModelName Acrobat Distiller line and insert the word Modified before Acrobat For example ModelName Modified Acrobat Distiller 4 Locate the NickName Acrobat Distiller and insert the word Modified before Acrobat For example NickName Modified Acrobat Distiller 5 Locate the section that begins Custom Page Sizes and delete the following lines from that section CustomPageSize True 4 dict begin pop pop Orientation value off the stack to fix bug in PageMaker 5 0 Appendix E Configuring QuarkXPress to Produce PDF Files 315 2 array astore Margins exch def 2 array astore PageSize exch def ImagingBBox null def currentdict end setpagede vice End Press the Alt key to highlight the File menu and use the down arrow key to select Save As Press the Enter key Name the file MODIFIED PPD and save it When creating a PostScript file in Quark select the M
228. ile format mat used o PDE file forms and indicates what Web publishers need to know about generating and processing these files Browsers focuses on the language Web browsers and Acrobat viewers use to speak to each other Interapplication communica tion allows the integrated viewing of PDF documents directly within World Wide Web browsers explains en specific configuration issues including custom page width and printer description setup specifications Tanis and limitations of E fonts within a PDF file It also includes lists of font companies and designers who allow fonts to be embedded in PDF files a fonts are stored in PDF files Also included is infor mation on how PDF files are viewed and how printers handle embedded or substituted fonts by platform and font type presents Ta basic modifications that can be made to the Using This Book 13 1 2 4 1 2 5 Acrobat Distiller startup script These modifications automate page changes when converting PostScript files to PDF files Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins lists plug ins that are currently available for use with Acrobat Exchange or Acrobat Reader Additionally a summary of each plug in s usefulness to Internet publishers is included plug ins that add Acrobat support to popular creator applica tions Adobe PageMaker QuarkXPress etc Appendix K Converting Other File Types to PDF lists resources companies and software products
229. iles installation and loading problems overview 16 7 PDFWriter 26 27 resources viewers See also specific viewer Acrobatics 283 Acrobat in Academia 283 Acrobat 2 1 Your Personal Consultant 274 363 364 Index Acropolis 283 actions See also World Wide Web Link actions for accessing page and view 1651167 for accessing URL and Field Selection dialog box 17341 74 for executing menu items 165 for following article threads 1724173 for form fields 211 overview ioe for showing or hiding annotations ia for sound playback 173 by third party developers 1 82 Adobe Acrobat Handbook Digital Publishing in the Post Gutenberg Era 275 AIFF fless 1 E sae abated plug ins for 232 archive servers 83 184 articles See also article threads inter active and navigational objects size 21 CE themes 219 article threads See also articles overview 217 supported by FrameMaker 110 supported by PageMaker 108 converting to PDF files tool for 290 Distiller option for 125 email and 72 file size reduction and 142 PDF files as 42 as PDF file upload format 2 18 audio action on 173 B bandwidth PDF files and 141 Banner Printer Corporate plug in 231 331 Beyond Paper 272 panty eae file size andy 1 25 Index 365 bitmap images See graphics Bitstream typefacess318 bookmarks See also interactive and navigational objec
230. in nteractive and Naviga FrameMaker 5 0 1 The expanded or contracted hierarchy cannot be set from within FrameMaker 2 Article threads flow according to a document s page numbers from front to back Change the progression of the thread in Acrobat Exchan ge 3 Some of the note s attributes including its opened or closed display status can be controlled Note that font selection color and dimensions cannot be set from within FrameMaker A link s action and the title and text of a note may be set from within FrameMaker by setting a coded hypertext marker The following table lists the syntax and resulting PDF object PDF Sawvy Creator Applications 111 Marker Syntax gotopage n nextpage previouspage gotolink firstpage gotolink lastpage Alert z z the text of the ote note 255 characters maximum openpage y n y filename PDF Object Link using the Go To View ac Link using the Go To View ac Link using the Go To View ac Link using the Go To View ac Link using the Go To View ac using the Open File action n page number of the target document on on on on on Description Links to a specific page number Links to the next page in the same document Links to the previous page in the same document Links to the first page in the same document Links to the last page in the same document Creates a note
231. in an Acrobat viewer All Distiller has cropped page dimensions DOS users cannot print from Acrobat DOS Reader 1 0 Converted LaTeX or TEX documents Windows UNIX have missing characters in the resulting PDF file Solution None Interleaf Publisher is a DOS or UNIX based word processor that when printed to as a PostScript file creates non standard PostScript Interleaf PostScript files do not contain the ASCII information required by Acrobat Reader or Exchange 2 0 or earlier to facilitate the Copy com mand This results in PDF files with text hat can be highlighted but not pasted correctly into other applications ore information is available from the Adobe FaxY1 4433 n QuarkxPress if Paper Width is grayed out in the Printer Setup dialog box Windows or Page Setup dialog box Macintosh create a custom printer file to remove the lines that cause the Paper Width option to be grayed out in QuarkXPress ore information is available from the Adobe FaxYl 4436 The file has insufficient page size informa ion e g EPS files Increase the default page size in the EXAMPLE PS file so that he complete document is in the PDF s page area ore information available from the Adobe FaxY 4441 Use only supported printers or check the printer s documentation to see if it can emulate any of the printers listed in the Adobe FaxYI 7421 Configure TeX or LaTeX not to subset fonts when the PostScript file is
232. ing File gt Document Info gt Security In most cases the security method is either None or Standard The Standard security mode uses the RSA data security algorithm Algorithms and other security fea tures added by other PDF software or plug ins not supported by Adobe Acrobat viewers may make the PDF file inaccessible when opened with an Acrobat viewer However these PDF files will work with the PDF application that set the security option Note The Blowfish block encryption algorithm by Bruce Scheiener is found in PDF files secured with Zenon s epPlus Checking Image Color Saturation and Quality For Internet publishing the goal of applying compression to images line art and graphics is to arrive at the smallest file size pos sible while maintaining satisfactory onscreen and print optional quality The type of compression chosen the degree of compres PDF File Evaluation 147 sion versus quality for ZIP JPEG and LZW 4 bit reduction and the display and print quality of downsampled images should be examined relative to the quality of the original image or graphic Test the image s onscreen quality by viewing the image at its intended magnification and then test again at at least one and one half times the intended resolution The image quality should not be degraded considerably when magnified Variances in an image s color saturation can be a result of the output device printer monitor etc
233. ing of the HTML file These same files can be converted to PDF by generating a Post Script file and converting the file to PDF with Acrobat Distiller PDF savvy creator applications see Section 4 3 PDF Savvy Creator Applications automatically add the interactive and nav igational objects to the PostScript file which become usable after conversion to a PDF file Plug ins for Acrobat Exchange also can convert typical document features table of contents index cross references etc to interactive and navigational objects after the PostScript files have been converted to PDF Note Since virtually all word processors can export files to text they can be used to mark up HTML files Work well as PDF files Files created with desktop publishing image editing illustration and presentation software all of which are used to create com plex visually rich documents work well when converted to PDF files A number of desktop publishing applications can export documents as HTML files Typically these exported HTML files require modification and cannot preserve accurately all the docu ment s design features unless the document was designed with HTMLs limitations in mind Unsupported HTML design fea Content Development Strategies 69 3 2 2 tures are listed in Table 3 2 5 Design Attributes For this rea son most documents created by using desktop publishing appli cations work best as PDF files An HTML export
234. ins that modify PDF files cannot be used with the Reader The Reader cannot write to a PDF file only read from it Disable any installed desktop managers e g PC TOOLS or orton Desktop reboot the computer and reinstall Acrobat or create program icons manually or use the File Manager to aunch the Acrobat application s EXE file ore information is available from the Adobe FaxY 7416 When Acrobat is installed on a 386 computer ensure that the WEMU387 386 file 2 17 93 28975 bytes is installed in the WIN DOWS directory and that the line device WEMU387 386 is pre sent in the 386Enh section of the SYSTEM INI file ore information is available from the Adobe FaxY 7443 Do one or more of the following 1 Make sure that there is a minimum of 4 to 8M free disk space available on the hard drive 2 Ensure that the Set temp line in the AUTOEXEC BAT is valid and 3 Ensure that there is write access to the drive where the TEMP directory is located More information is available from the Adobe FaxY 7425 Do one or more of the following 1 Make sure that there is a minimum of 4 to 8M free disk space available on the hard drive 2 Ensure that the Set temp line in the AUTOEXEC BAT is valid and 3 Ensure that there is write access to the drive where the TEMP directory is located More information is available from the Adobe FaxY 7426 Do one or more of the following 1 Make sure that there is a minimum of 4 t
235. integrated with PDF files if appropriate Note A number of HTML markup and management applications e g Adobe PageMill and Adobe SiteMill support linked or embedded PDF files easing the integration between HTML and PDF files Work well as either HTML or PDF files Word processors and spreadsheet applications provide a middle ground with capabilities to markup text as HTML files and to create richer documents with custom formatting images fonts charts tables and graphs An application s capability to create complex documents and the realization that these documents cannot be effectively published as HTML files defines an appli cation s appropriateness for creating PDF published content Applications capable of creating complex documents are also capable of creating simpler content which is best published as an HTML file See the tables below to determine the level of com plexity based on specific design attributes and the type of doc ument based on common document types to further advance the file format selection process 68 Chapter 3 Word processors can facilitate conversion to HTML with built in support macros plug ins or templates Spreadsheet applications typically support generation of HTML tables from spreadsheets through an export filter As modifications or browser specific features are added to HTML markup these new features may not be supported by the applications thereby requiring code level edit
236. investing in soft ware or requiring the distribution of a viewer with the PDF files No royalties are collected by Adobe for individual PDF files 20 Chapter 2 thereby encouraging the unlimited publication of any number of PDF documents Adobe Acrobat Exchange Adobe Acrobat Exchange like Acrobat Reader opens views and prints PDF files Exchange differs from the Reader in that it enables the addition of interactive and navigational objects to PDF files it also allows changes to be saved Like other Acrobat viewers Exchange makes use of Adobe s font matching technol ogy to display documents that match the original document s typographical design Exchange is an essential tool for Web publishers and for power Web users Exchange can make whole page modifications as well as add or edit the object and interactive features of PDF files Acrobat Exchange 3 0 and later and the Touch Up Plug in can modify portions of text to correct typographical errors make adjustments and add visual cues for hypertext links Exchange enables PDF files to be password protected to allow or to prevent users from printing making changes or adding notes to PDF documents Table 2 1 3 lists the availability of Acrobat Exchange by plat form and operating system Acrobat Exchange is available in the following languages Dutch English US French German Italian Spanish Swedish UK English and Asian languages See the Acro
237. ion All the fields in a PDF form may be submitted or only specific fields Field values can be submitted through form actions See Section 7 6 6 Form Field Actions for a discussion of the various ways to reset a form Enter the name in the Field Properties dialog box Enter a default value in the Default Value field by clicking the field type s Options tab in the Field Properties dialog box HTML Form PDF Forms LABEL SELECT lt SELECT gt NA SIZ MULI lt O lt O pT F n E n TIPLE TON SELECTED gt pT MON gt PDF forms don t add labels like HTML forms Add the label as the form is designed in he creator application See Section 7 7 Form Design for more information The combination of this value and MULTIPLE defines what PDF forms describe as a list box For a PDF list box select the List Box field type in the Field Properties dialog box Enter the name in the Field Properties dialog box The field size is determined by the field s border size The combination of this value and SELECT defines what PDF forms describe as a list box See SELECT above PDF forms don t support this feature The name of the list item PDF forms allow a separate Export Value for list items see Section 7 6 5 Export Values PDF form field list boxes have a Sort Items option that automatically sorts the list items alphabetically 204 Chapter 7
238. ion is available from the Adobe FaxY 4415 Use solid fills instead of pattern fills and dashed lines instead of pattern lines in documents to be converted to PDF for mat Or when creating a PDF file from a document created in an application that supports custom PostScript patterns e g Macromedia FreeHand use PostScript fills and lines More information is available from the Adobe FaxY 4417 Resave the image with standard halftone functions More information is available from the Adobe FaxY 4432 Print the PostScript file again with bitmap smoothing off ore information is available from the Adobe FaxY 4410 Select a color PostScript Printer Description PPD and print the file to disk with that driver The selected driver is for a black and white printer that doesn t sup port color thus resulting in a PostScript ile absent of color continued Troubleshooting the Display and Printing of PDF Documents with an Acrobat Viewer 269 Problem Platform Text copied from PDF files created using A Distiller from an Interleaf Publisher 5 0 or earlier PostScript file pastes into other applications as unrecognizable characters Macintosh and Windows The width of a PDF file created from a QuarkXPress 3 31 PostScript file is trun cated to 8 5 inches For example a page 11 by 22 inches in Quark is only 8 5 by 22 inches when printed to a PostScript file and then saved as a PDF When displayed
239. ipt or application on the server Note PDF files with form fields used for printing may be complet ed by the user off line Off line users won t have access to the default data If it is likely the form may be completed off line use the min imum default fields and values for the form Forms 213 7 6 8 Form Field Appearance Form fields have three main components that affect their appear ance and to some degree their action Field borders have an assigned color width and style These fields also can have a back ground color Text appears in various point sizes in any color in any of the base 14 fonts Colors are selected from a system dependent color picker Form field attributes mimic some of HTML forms attributes and values The Hidden Form field attribute can be used like the hidden value tag for HTML forms or simply to store hidden data within a document Similarly the Required field attribute functions much like its HTML form counterpart both require the user to enter data in the defined field before it can be sub mitted Read Only prevents users from making changes to the form field although it can be viewed and printed To prevent a form field from printing assign it the don t print attribute The form field can be interacted with submitted exported etc how ever when the PDF file is printed the form field will not print Border Text Attributes Border color from color picker Text color fro
240. irectories Changing the directory or file names or modifications in the file path result in the target file being lost On Web servers this results in a 404 error file not found Note Relative links first try to find the target file to be opened as a local file If the file cannot be found it treats the link as an http 172 Chapter 7 based URL However if the path to the target file includes the site name it generally will not be possible to locate the file locally Using the Open File action to open other file formats The Open File action can be set to open file formats other than PDF files The action opens the target file by launching the appli cation that created or can read the selected file Which applica tion is called upon to open the target file is platform dependent and varies on individual computers For Web based Open File actions if the target file type text HTML files etc or plug in QuickTime movies RealAudio files and PDF files etc is supported directly by the Web browser the browser replaces the PDF file in the document window with the target file If the file type is not supported the browser down loads the file and launches a helper application to read the file if one is available The Open File action is set by clicking the Select File button which opens a dialog box from which to select the target file If the selected file is a local file on a CD ROM or hard disk be sur
241. irectories option which by default is on will search through the directory and optimize all encountered PDF files Batch optimization can also create or delete the batch of PDF file s thumbnails PDF PDF Publishing PDF Files on the Internet For purposes of this book Internet publishing is defined as the act of serving PDF files on the World Wide Web Gopher and FTP sites Additionally content can be distributed by sending email to subscribers with PDF files attached This chapter concentrates on what issues the Internet publisher should be aware of once content has been created and optimized Whenever possible this chapter explains in the simplest of terms the more technical requirements for Internet publishing with Acrobat The following issues explained in greater detail in this chapter should be considered and implemented m Ensure that the sever is configured with the PDF MIME type m Mark PDF files with either an icon or the PDF file suffix m Indicate the file size and the potential download time that is required based on common modem transfer rates for the first page and perhaps the entire file 235 236 Chapter 8 8 1 Uuencode PDF files sent as attachments via email Don t encode or serve compressed PDF files PDF files are compressed already Encoding or compressing them rarely compacts the file and prevents online viewing of the PDF files Maintain or create links that open to location
242. irst page and then the time required to download subsequent pages Also PDF File Evaluation 141 examine the time required by slower machines to render the images graphics and text on each page With page on demand downloading of PDF files PDF file size is rarely a factor Users wait only for each page not for the whole file and may not see all the pages in the PDF file The whole PDF file s size is a factor if the file is being served on FTP or Gopher servers which do not support page on demand down loading of individual pages from a PDF file or if the PDF file is being distributed via email Note Generally it is not recommended that both a high and low bandwidth version of a single PDF file be produced This is a com mon practice with HTML files Produce the PDF file with all the attributes and advantages the file format affords If most user s bandwidth limitations make the file unusable use another file for mat such as HTML or text Table 6 1 2 File Size Reduction Options lists a number of elements and options to reduce the overall size of a PDF file Some of these elements include converting the file again reset ting Distiller s job options or selecting other options based on the reduction options listed below Page Count After conversion check the total number of pages in the PDF file Delete extraneous pages or import pages from other PDF files with Acrobat Exchange Combi
243. isted by document path or title m Auto Tiling Automatically tiles newly opened documents vertically horizontally or cascaded Internet Publishers will appreciate the Cleanup Bookmarks fea ture and the long overdue bookmarks menu The rotate 180 de grees option saves publishers time when changing orientation from landscape to portrait and vice versa Available for free download from Adobe s Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat 340 Appendices Crosswise Corporation Trapeze Macintosh Windows The Trapeze family of plug ins provides document distribution and real time document conferencing Trapeze File Exchange enables Acrobat 2 1 users to transfer PDF documents or any standard file on a Macintosh or Windows system to remote Acrobat 2 1 users over TCP IP the Internet NetWare Win dows only AppleTalk Macintosh only standard modems and ISDN networks Files are compressed prior to transmission and transfers are accomplished with the push of a button Users are identified eas ily by means of a built in address book Trapeze Live extends the power of Acrobat across a network of Macintosh and Windows systems to provide live interactive review of PDF documents Trapeze Live users can simultane ously view page scroll zoom and search PDF documents while on the telephone Trapeze Live lets users review documents instantly with colleagues managers or suppliers Call Crosswise
244. it form data as URL encoded HTML form data and have no way of exporting data directly to a standalone file type such as the FDF file format Although the HTML form data can be written to a file including FDF files by a server script or application Form Field Types Each of the five types of fill in form fields can have text known as a value associated with them Button fields have no value Combo boxes and list boxes also have one or more items users may select 206 Chapter 7 Each combo or list item has an export value Radio buttons also can have an export value associated with them When a PDF form is submitted or exported either as a FDF or HTML form the export values are transferred with the form data Field Names All form fields can have a name Use field names to identify one field from another Although PDF files allow fields to have the same name The form name is displayed in the PDF file only when the form tool is selected When a script or application is processing a submitted form in either FDF or HTML the field name is often used to identify the value of the data being passed Additionally when importing a FDF file into a PDF form the form name in the FDF file is matched with the form name of the PDF file and matching fields are populated with the data in the FDF file Note Field names cannot include periods Periods interfere with the processing of the form Selecting Form Field types to ma
245. ith HTML however the application used to publish the con tent works best with a selected application type that is best used to create HTML files but the document type to be published with this application is best served as a PDF both considerations determine that the file is best published as a PDF file with a bet ter creator application one that more fully embraces the cre ation of PDF files PDF or HTML by Application Type The type of application used to create documents impacts the way content is best published on the Internet For original con tent development identify familiar applications that have the desired capabilities for a type of document e g automated table of contents the capability to import specific image file types support for a particular plug in etc Table 3 2 3 Document Type has a list of potential document types Repurposed con tent development uses the files native application unless it is Content Development Strategies 67 possible to import or convert the file into another application without design or content modification Best as HTML files HTML files that have been generated by print publishing appli cations that are capable of marking up files with the Hypertext Markup Language can be converted to PDF files However pub lishing these files as PDF files rarely results in any significant advantage over publishing them as HTML files Hence they work best as HTML files
246. ither in the Forms Document Format FDF or URL encoded form data the format used by most HTML forms The processing of incoming form value data can be accom plished with any server Common Gateway Interface CGI script or Java applet The form values submitted by a PDF form are identical to the form data submitted by HTML forms As a result a single CGI script or Java applet can be written to process form data from both HTML and PDF forms However in instances when a response is sent back to the PDF form the script must be capable of responding with a FDF file Processing FDF files FDF files have two basic functions 1 to represent a form s data for processing via the submit or export actions see Section 7 1 10 Submit Form Action and 2 to update or modify the data in an existing form Through the Submit Form Data action these two actions can be combined The completed form is sent to a script or application by the user The server processes the FDF data To enable the Acrobat viewer to recognize the respons es from the script or application the URL must end in FDE 252 Chapter 8 8 9 2 8 9 3 The response also must be FDF data The PDF form is updated or modified based on the new form data response if any The response can include basic form data or information to alter the form field such as the form s name value options appearance form action and action Populating PDF Forms with F
247. izes fit comfortably within popular screen sizes or within a Web browser s document window m Remove extraneous white space and print only items such as page numbers and footnotes m Use only essential fonts However don t omit fonts that lend to the design or branding of the PDF file simply to reduce file size m Ensure that the point size used for the majority of the doc ument s text isn t Greeked when it is opened on standard monitors m Whenever possible employ master pages and other tech niques that reuse graphics and images to get visually inter esting images which when optimized for the Web result in lower bandwidth overhead m Choose a creator application that is not only useful for con tent development but also utilizes the skills and proficien cies of those working with the software Designing PDF Documents for the Web 87 4 1 m If one particular application isn t suitable for developing all content combine the capabilities of several creator applica tions word processors illustration programs spreadsheet programs etc in addition to traditional print publishing programs m Whenever possible use creator applications that in some way support the PDF file format which eventually make creating and working with PDF files easier Designing PDF Documents for the Web The best designed PDF documents on the Web combine the inter active and navigational objects native to the PD
248. king to 246 PDFWriter 26 27 See also Acrobat HTML markup in 244 47 PDEX library 313 icons for 250 251 period in form fields 206 interactivity and linking 40 pixels 90 148 Internet suitability of 2 5 page order 159 page orientation 158 text RGD naming 134 optimizing for Web 35 36 1233 334 U Player 30 31 See also Acrobat plug ins See also specific plug in WAR ben 529 4850 for creator applications 351 B52 PL Web 308 point sizes 100 See also fonts Portable Document Format See PDF Portable Document Format Reference Manual 273 portrait orientation 1154111581329 PostScript converting Quark files to 112 converting to PDF with Distiller See Distiller font embedding and 319 320 generating files in 119 4122 PostScript Printer Description Index 375 Sein An file format selection for a PostScript files to disk ripe print on demand servers PDF on PrintMill 82 prospero protocol 180 Q QuarkXPress congore 2 PDF file produc 148 4149 Reset Form action 173 resolution 191 Distiller options for 125 evaluating 149 RTF files 62 Run Length compression 130 S scaling page dimensions and 88 3 scripts CGI See CGI scripts generating FDF data with 252 in PDF HTML integration 64 SDK 81 searching See also indexes PDF files 27 28340 f11 3253 software for 3 04 310 security evaluating 146 for notes 222 overv
249. kup 247 Source Width and Height Alignment URL of source file By percent or pixel size Left Right or Center lt Img Src Example pdf gt Height 100 Width 350 Align center 1 The Web browser loads the appropriate in line helper application based on the MIME type of the source file purposes the PDF file is used as an image alternative to GIF JPEG and other common image formats Unlike viewing a PDF file with an Acrobat viewer when the Web browser window is resized the embedded PDF is resized along with the window to remain at a defined width and height An embedded PDF file is viewed according to required width and height dimensions that are set within the image source tag Embedded PDF files do not function like HTML links Clicking an embedded PDF page opens the page in the Acrobat viewer In the Acrobat viewer the PDF page functions normally and the Acrobat viewer toolbar appears Note Web browsers that support both frames and in line viewing of PDF files can display a PDF file in one frame and an HTML file or other readable file formats in another frame Using frames to display a PDF file is a much more efficient way of integrating HTML with PDE while getting the benefit of the interactive and navigational features found in PDF files 248 Chapter 8 8 7 8 7 1 Uploading PDF Files PDF files are highly transportable across all types of media After a Web server has been configured properly
250. l configurations plug he movie file before playing the file and listing required hardware and soft ins networks etc ware for playback Movie Plug in sound card video card etc Hides non functional links otes float over links articles form fields and other interactive objects Use note windows to cover objects if the object s action or destination is no longer available or if the target file is password protected 7 11 PDF Security Options Acrobat Exchange enables files to be secured with a password and with any of four conditional security options A secured file is encrypted and requires the entry of the correct password before an Acrobat viewer will allow the user to open the PDF file Use the PDF client level security options with traditional server security options e g protected directories and IP address block outs to provide an even greater level of security 224 Chapter 7 7 11 1 7 11 2 7 11 3 Secure files by selecting the desired security options in the Security dialog box both password change option password and conditional security options Secure files immediately before saving or optimizing a PDF file for use on the Web Note Importing a page into a secured file applies the security fea tures to the imported page as well Owner Password A second owner password can be used different from the pass word used to open the file to limit changing conditional secu
251. l for platform availability 1 Corporate Drive Andover MA 01810 Tel 508 794 8000 Fax 508 794 0005 http www cascadeinc com 352 Appendices J 2 XMAN PDF NAVigator Macintosh PDF NAVigator is a PageMaker 5 0 plug in for Macintosh com puters that automatically adds the navigational capabilities of Acrobat to PageMaker documents Bookmarks and links are gen erated for PageMaker Table of Contents and or Index Stories Once a PageMaker document has been processed by PDF NAVigator and converted to PDF by Acrobat Distiller simply click on a topic of choice in the document s index or table of con tents and immediately transfer to the associated text in the body of the PDF document In addition PDF NAVigator automatical ly generates thumbnails of each page crops pages to a custom page size compresses text and graphics using LZW compression and embeds fonts in an Acrobat documents all from within PageMaker 276 Roosevelt Way San Francisco CA 94114 1432 Tel 415 986 1773 Fax 415 626 3359 mguthrie aol com AppleLink XMAN RD Appendix K Converting Other File Types to PDF 353 K 1 Appendix K Converting Other File Types to PDF PostScript files are most easily converted to PDF files With Acrobat Capture a paper based document can be scanned and the resulting TIFF files recognized and converted to PDF files With the wealth of electronic documentation used in business education an
252. l information about Resources for lists of books publications recommended Web sites and discussion groups The more you experiment with Acrobat and the more you explore the publishing possibilities of Acrobat and PDF files the more useful you ll find this book Internet Publishing with Acrobat is organized sequentially with each chapter comprising one of the major steps in the Internet publishing process Chapters and sections are numbered for easy reference Tables condense highly technical information into easily digestible chunks and figures simplify technical concepts Using the book should be no problem You may however have some questions about how the information is presented in this book and what you will find Using This Book 1 2 1 Quick Start Table If you have a particular task or question in mind refer to Table 1 2 1 Quick Start Common Internet Publishing Tasks and Questions for a quick way to find the answers within the book Note Throughout this book references to other sections include the section s number and title heading If you want to Learn how to publish existing files on the Web as PDFs Learn more about the Internet specific attributes of Acrobat 3 0 and earlier ver sions and which features are most useful or an Internet publisher Develop a strategy to integrate PDF and HTML files on a Web site Select the best page size for viewing within a Web br
253. l standard CIE 1931 Commission International de l Eclairage CIE is a system for specifying color values based on human visual per ception of color rather than technical color production This allows more predictable color output on monitors and from color printers If color matching differs significantly with CMYK images and graphics consider converting the CMYK images to RGB by selecting the Convert CMYK Images to RGB in Distiller s Advanced Job Options on by default and then converting the PostScript file to PDF again For Distiller 2 1 consult the Distiller Help file that describes how to edit the Example ps script to con vert CMYK to RGB Note Other high level color matching Distiller job options added to meet the advanced needs of print publishers also may con tribute to better color matching Most of these options are overkill for Internet publishing which often requires onscreen color match ing only Generating PostScript files on systems using a Color Management System e g ColorSync Kodak etc yields the most accurate color 154 Chapter 6 6 1 15 6 1 16 display and print results on other computers using a color manage ment system 8 Bit color shifts Some documents viewed on 8 bit 256 colors monitors may appear to have shifted colors PageMaker documents viewed in 8 bit colors often exhibit these color shifts While the colors from the PageMaker document window and the Acrobat P
254. lacing Pages in a PDF File Actions Go To View Options re I ma m3 ic re I a re I me I a re re I ma re I a S I a re I a re I ma ms 1D me I re I a me I u re re I a re I a Tables Table 7 1 3 Table 7 1 4 Table 7 1 5 Table 7 1 6 Table 7 2 1 Table 7 2 2 Table 7 4 1 Table 7 5 1 Table 7 5 2 Table 7 6 1 Table 7 6 2 Table 7 6 3 Table 7 6 4 Table 7 6 5 Table 7 6 6 Table 7 6 7 Table 7 6 8 Table 7 6 9 Table 7 6 10 ink URL to Home Page or Directory Listing Syntax World Wide Web Link Action to File Syntax World Wide Web Link Actions to a CGI Data Result Examples World Wide Web Link Action Syntax for Other Internet Protocols Base URL and World Wide Web Link Action Syntax World Wide Web Link to Base URL Syntax Sample Link Byte Sizes Bookmark Sizes Bookmark Organization HTML versus PDF Forms Features HTML and PDF Form Comparisons Form HTML and PDF Form Comparisons Text Field and Password Field HTML and PDF Form Comparisons Checkbox HTML and PDF Form Comparisons Radio Button HTML and PDF Form Comparisons Image HTML and PDF Form Comparisons Hidden HTML and PDF Form Comparisons Submit HTML and PDF Form Comparisons Reset HTML lt SELECT gt MULTIPLE and PDF Form List Box Field Comparisons mn 1NI IO ms IN s 100 S 10
255. le FTP saving the link etc If the file is protected with a password the PDF file will begin to open but any entered pass word even the correct password will not open the file When this happens there is no way to open the PDF file Again employ anoth er method of downloading the file Serving PDF Pages on Demand Servers that are configured for byte range requests are able to download requested pages of a file rather than the entire file The process begins on the client side when an Acrobat 3 0 view 240 Chapter 8 er in cooperation with a Web browser that supports the HTTP extension requests a range of bytes perhaps page three of a five page PDF file Next the Web server which is configured to serve requested byte ranges sends only the bytes needed to display the page This is called page on demand or page at a time downloading Presently Acrobat 3 0 viewers make whole page byte requests although they could be used to request specific objects on a page As the page bytes are read by the Acrobat viewer the viewer caches and renders each page Because the PDF file has been optimized the first bytes of the page downloaded after essen tial file information such as page dimension orientation page view and security options are for text and graphics followed by interactive and navigational objects images and finally font data This action is called progressive rendering as each pa
256. ler Handles Type 3 Fonts Type 3 fonts are typically custom or corporate fonts that include glyphs that Acrobat viewers cannot substitute As a result in order to display these font glyphs all versions of the Acrobat Distiller embed Type 3 fonts in PDF files The Distiller Font Processing Table The following table lists the various kinds of fonts used in Windows and Macintosh documents The table also describes how Distiller handles each font type Because Type 1 fonts refer enced in a PostScript file may not be present on the system where Distiller is running the table also shows how Distiller will han dle fonts that are not present on the system that is running Distiller For a full description of how Acrobat viewers display and print embedded and substitute fonts by platform and print er type including PostScript and PCL printers see Adobe Technical Note 4408 available from http www adobe com The table below from Adobe Technical Note 4406 shows the default behavior of Distiller Distiller can be set up however to embed a Type 1 font that is normally not embedded and not to embed a font that is normally embedded Appendix G Font Embedding Information 323 Font Type Adobe Type 1 Base 14 fonts Adobe Type 1 ISO Latin 1 Adobe Type 1 Expert Adobe Type 1 SC amp OSF Adobe Type 1 Symbolic Adobe Type 1 Cyrillic with Macintosh version Adobe Type 1 Cyrillic with Windows version
257. ller PE Private Edition Distillers cannot be used as stand alone 24 Chapter 2 applications Attempting to convert PostScript files created in any other application than the application with which Distiller PE was bundled displays a message indicating that the file was not converted and the full version of Distiller is required Note Adobe bundles Acrobat Distiller PE with PageMaker Persuasion WebPresenter and FrameMaker For users without the retail version of Adobe Acrobat Distiller PE allows publishers to convert files created in these applications to PDF files Publishing these same PDF files on the Internet which requires optimization the addition of World Wide Web URLs and more is accomplished by using Acrobat Exchange Exchange can be obtained by purchas ing the retail version of Adobe Acrobat Acrobat Distiller is available in the following languages Dutch English US French German Italian Spanish Swedish UK English and Asian languages See the Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat for current Distiller language availability Platform Operating System 680x0 Macintosh and Power Macintosh Macintosh OS 7 x PC UNIX Windows 3 x Windows 95 Windows NT 3 5 4 x OS 2 SunOS 4 1 3 4 1 4 Sun Solaris 2 3 2 4 2 5 Hewlett Packard UX 9 03 and later AIX 4 1 and later iTable 2 1 4 Acrobat Distiller Availability by Platform and Operating System What is Adobe Acrobat 2
258. lls horizontally to accommodate the lines of text character length limit The default value is text displayed in the field prior to modification password Password text fields display the field s content as a series of asterisk characters Combo box Item When Sort is selected items in the combo box are sorted alphabetically Item s export value Sort items List box Item If the number of items in the list extends beyond the r vertical boundary of the field a vertical scrollbar is dis Item s export value played Sort items When Sort items is selected items in the list box are sorted alphabetically Multiple selection allows the selection of a range of items or disjoining a selection of items For example in Windows a range can be selected by Shift click dis join items by using Control click Button Highlight Invert None Outline The appearance when up and appearance when Push Layout Text only Icon only Icon over text text over icon Icon left text right Icon right text left text in icon Appearance when up with or without icon Appearance when pushed with or without icon pushed options each allow an individual text entry that is displayed when the button is in the respective state up or pushed Additionally these two button states can have individual icons assigned to them that change with the button state Import icons for form field buttons by clicking browse and selecting an image or graphic from
259. lly the application that con verted the PostScript file to a PDF file the date and time the file was converted creation date and the date and time the file was saved after modifications were made modified date The cre ation and modification dates are useful for document manage ment Some PDF indexing applications use these fields to list files chronologically or to respond to date based queries 144 Chapter 6 Additionally some PDF savvy creator applications automatically insert information into the document s title author subject and keywords fields Acrobat 3 0 automatically includes Document Structuring Comments DSC from the PostScript file in the PDF file s document fields DSC inserts the PostScript file s For field in the PDF file s Title field the DSC s Title field in the PDF file s Title field and the Author field in the PDF file s Author field These fields can be edited in Acrobat Exchange Viewing these fields also displays the document s filename Examine the PDF file s name Ensure that the name conforms to other PDF filenames if the file is part of a series especially those linked to a specific file via a URL Also make sure that the file name ends with the pdf file extension Many Internet and Web servers are Case sensitive so make note of capitalization pdf ver sus PDF The document s filename is limited by the maximum number and type of chara
260. m Re Mark software s sound annotation records Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins 345 verbal comments right in the document Re Mark consolidates comments from multiple reviewers Look at each reviewer s comments separately or combine them for a consolidated view Re Mark filters comments by author and object type Useful for intranet applications where online document editing and markup is essential not very useful for Internet publishers as many features built into Re Mark require the plug in to be installed on each user s machine All plug ins may be ordered directly from Software Partners 2013 Landings Drive Mountain View CA 94043 Tel 415 428 0160 Fax 415 428 0163 http www buckaroo com sales buckaroo com University of Minnesota s InternetLink InternetLink Macintosh InternetLink is an Adobe Acrobat 2 1 Plug in developed at the University of Minnesota InternetLink like Weblink embeds a URL within a link using the InterLink action InternetLink extends the capabilities of the Acrobat link tool to enable pub lishers to enter links in PDF documents that refer to URLs for Internet resources such as FTP Gopher netnews and WWW servers When a user selects one of the links that refers to a URL InternetLink calls the appropriate helper application for FTP Gopher nntp or HTTP servers 346 Appendices Available on Macintosh Windows to follow InternetLink sends an OpenURL AppleEvent to signal t
261. m color picker Read Only Background color from color picker Text font base 14 fonts Hidden Border Width Thin Medium Thick Text point size auto 6 8 9 10 12 14 16 18 Required Border Style Solid Dashed Inset Don t Print Button attributes include only Hidden and Don t Print 214 Chapter 7 7 7 7 7 1 Form Design Creating an effective easily understandable form requires careful planning during the design stages of content development Unlike HTML fields a PDF form field name is not visible to the user although it is visible within Exchange 3 0 and later when the form tool is selected Use the selected creator application to assign labels for each form field These labels should be expres sive cueing the user to choose or enter specific information in the field After converting the document to a PDF file the form tool then can be used to actually add the form and form values See Section 7 6 8 Form Field Appearance for additional design considerations specific to the border color and style of form field backgrounds and boundaries Note FDF files can be used via the Import or Submit actions to alter the appearance of all or selected form fields See Appendix C The Forms Data Format for more information on FDF files Designing Forms to be Processed by a Server Script or Application Construct a form for automatic calculation checking and other computations just as a for
262. m for any other use would be con structed In order to compile and submit the form field data a user interface feature the submit button must be added As a standard interface feature add a reset button to clear any changes made to the form field values Information on processing and replying to the form is completed by the script or application script on the server Thumbnails 215 7 7 2 7 8 Note Because of the liberal use of forms on the World Wide Web users are accustomed to clicking the Submit button when finished Designing Forms for Print Use PDF files are an excellent file format for resolution independent printing needs A field s contents and appearance print like other PDF page objects When designing any form take into account the possibility that the form may be printed or used off line For these reasons page dimensions and the use of color play a factor PDF pages used as forms which are regularly printed are better served as standard paper sizes Many users will not print forms in color Use colors that print legibly on standard resolution print ers Pay careful attention to the background color of a form as colored text may be much less visible when printed in grayscale than when viewed onscreen PDF form fields can be set with a Don t Print attribute to prevent selected fields including their values from printing See Table 7 6 17 Field Properties General for information on field
263. magnification page mode and the display mode and the page view at which the doc ument will open Page view options PDF documents can be configured to open with any one of the following four page view options Page number Set the page number at which the PDF file should open The default page is the first page of the document Depending on the publishing strategy the first page of a PDF file may contain more images and take longer to render than other pages e g the cover Open Preferences 227 View Description Suggestions for use Page Only View Displays the page no bookmarks or thumbnails Makes the most efficient use of document window and monitor real estate Page and Bookmarks View Displays the page and all bookmarks in the bookmark column left of the docu ment window Bookmarks are useful navigational tools They can be empha sized by opening to this view Page and Thumbnails View Displays the page and all thumbnails that fit within the overview window left of the document window Thumbnails increase a file s overall size and require he Web browser to make additional calls to the server for the thumbnail data If used at all emphasize them by opening to this view of a magazine published concurrently on the Web and in print Rather set the page to open to the table of contents or a page that renders quickly and provides navigational objects to open other parts of the PDF file N
264. mall have complementary Internet or Web site ver sions of their publications including the New York Times Esquire and the Wall Street Journal 58 Chapter 3 Note Some publishers have discontinued their print based versions in favor of publishing over the Internet Still other publishers are cre ating brand new Internet magazines without any paper ever being printed such as Salon Magazine at http www salon1999 com PDF Only Content Development Using original content sources when creating PDF files for the Internet provides greater control over development of content and design Rather than modifying existing content intended for another use it can be organized and designed for a specific user audience and media While greater control is advantageous cre ating content to be published as PDF files requires the same skills as repurposing existing content Usability navigation and inter activity apply to all PDF content development strategies regard less if the publication s content source type is original or existing Original content sources may be stored in electronic file formats native to graphics illustration presentation and word process ing applications among other software applications Effectively converting these files to PDF files gives the user a richer plat form and application independent means of navigating and interacting with the content previously only possible in the file s creator appl
265. map fonts Type 1 or 3 require considerable storage space and result in much larger PDF files as compared to Type 1 or Type 1C outline fonts and PDF files that use Type 1 outline fonts Type 32 Documents converted to PDF files that contain Type 3 fonts have very large file sizes because a Type 1 font is created for each size of the typeface used and are slow to render onscreen 1 Special Type 1 font subsets are used and the names of these fonts may not be unique This causes a problem for Acrobat Distiller 1 0 Use Acrobat Distiller 2 0 or later because the problem has been fixed 2 Bitmap and Type 3 fonts are generally less legible onscreen than Type 1 fonts 102 Chapter 4 4 1 4 See Appendix G Font Embedding Information for detailed platform by platform information on how Acrobat Distiller and the Acrobat viewers process different font formats Adding Form Fields PDF documents may be designed to solicit a user response These solicitations are common in the print world in the form of busi ness reply cards order forms subscription forms surveys and so on Increasingly more and more Web sites are including forms for user feedback online ordering searching and other queries Most Web servers through server based scripts or applications allow automated compilation of these queries and return per sonalized results Form fields are authored with Acrobat Exchange Reader and Exchange users may fill in
266. meMaker files for PDF and HTML integration strategies FrameMaker includes partial automation of the FrameMaker to PDF file conversion process through its Generate Acrobat Data option Selecting this option sets the file to print to a PostScript language file rather than a printer Additionally the Skip Blank Pages option the default is deselected PDF Object Description Bookmarks Bookmarks are generated from FrameMaker s style hierarchy A dialog box for setting which paragraph styles should be included as bookmarks and the hierarchy of these selected styles is available by selecting Acrobat Setup from the Print dialog box Links To automatically link from one text block to another use FrameMaker s cross reference fea ture When converted to a PDF file the cross references become hypertext links To manually designate a word or phrase as a link select the text and change its character format to define the link s beginning and ending boundary FrameMaker ignores pair kern ing spread change bars and case format changes Select Special gt Marker gt Hypertext see Table 4 3 3 FrameMaker Hypertext to PDF Objects below continued 110 Chapter 4 PDF Object Description To designate an entire paragraph or text section as a link make sure that there are no for mat changes in the paragraph Select Special gt Marker gt Hypertext see Table 4 3 3 FrameMaker Hypertext to PDF Objects
267. n Exchange Changing a Document s Page Orientation Use Acrobat Exchange to rotate the content of the page and the page dimensions simultaneously Exchange allows rotation of pages in 90 increments Single pages a range of pages or entire documents can be rotated Note For print only applications pages of PDF documents can be oriented so the text isn t upright for example rotated 90 or 90 degrees Modifying PDF Documents 159 6 2 4 6 2 5 Changing a Document s Page Order Move particular pages to the beginning of the PDF file to empha size new or timely items This ensures that the user sees the pages when the document is opened rather than leaving to chance that the pages are visited Change the page order in a document by using Exchange or by switching to Thumbnail and Page view from the View menu or click on the icon in the toolbar Click on the page number below each thumbnail to move it There is no need to render the thumbnails to move them around However it may be easier to render the thumbnails if the pages being moved can be seen Delete the thumbnails when done Changing Text The Touch Up Plug in included with Acrobat 3 0 enables minor text changes such as spelling corrections replacing words chang ing text styles and fonts correcting suspect words from PDF files converted with Acrobat Capture and many other uses Note The Touch Up Plug in should be used only for single line mo
268. n action and no visual component creating an invisible link See Chapter 7 Adding Interactive and Navigational Objects for more information 98 Chapter 4 4 1 3 As in HTML files when a user moves the arrow cursor over a link or bookmark in a PDF file the cursor icon changes to a pointing hand The cursor changes to a hand with an arrow in it when the user moves the cursor over an article thread Moving the cursor over a link to a movie or sound file causes the cursor to change to the movie icon which looks like a small segment of a film strip All these visual cues help users better understand interac tive objects in the document and what action they perform Use creator applications to create visual components and cues if applicable use Acrobat Exchange to add the actual interactive objects Links added in Acrobat Exchange can be placed over any area of the page but must be rectangular in shape Form buttons created in Exchange with the form tool can have one or more actions that are triggered by user actions Selecting Fonts Select fonts suited to the document s publishing strategy For onscreen use ensure that the font allows for easy reading at a variety of magnifications Typefaces can lose legibility at various magnifications Font selection is a balancing act between graph ic design and the ability to read the font onscreen For fonts that are not embedded see Section 6 1 11 Checking Embed
269. n and 74 75 opening action for 170 4172 tool for 332 use with World Wide Web Link V Ventura Publisher 1134114 L Verity SearchPDF for Web Servers viewers See Acrobat viewers Volume Builder plug in 232 831 632 Ww WAIS World Wide Web Link action syntax for 181 watched directories 236 237 WAV files 173 Web See World Wide Web WebServer 303 WebSite 803 word processors file format selection for 67 PONA PDF file support 11144115 World Wide Web See also Internet browsers See browsers servers See servers sites for Acrobat support 277 279 Riad design and etiquette for PDF local site setup with base URL ee T8588 World Wide Web Link actions 378 Index to CGI scripts 179 4180 to home page or directory listing 1764177 to specific files 1693 177 178 overview iL 7441 76 using other Internet protocols 180 182 X xpaf 38 1 1 1 2 2 1 PDF PDF Contents 1 Introduction About This Book Using This Book 1 2 1 Quick Start Table 1 2 2 Chapter Summaries 1 2 3 Appendices 1 2 4 Tables 1 2 5 Cross References 1 2 6 Glossary and Index 1 2 7 Other Resources 2 Adobe Acrobat and the Portable Document Format What is Adobe Acrobat 2 1 1 Adobe Acrobat Reader 379 380 Contents 2 1 2 Adobe Acrobat Exchange 20 2 1 3 Adobe Acrobat Distiller 23 2 1 4 Adobe Acrobat Distiller Assistant 25 2 1 5 Adobe Acrobat PDFW
270. nal docu ments while overwriting new page headings and footers with customizable text and page numbers m Navigate document files by title Compose can build a library of actual document titles and authors not just a PDF s file name to aid user navigation An important and useful tool for creating bookmarks and hyper text links Internet publishers will appreciate the time it saves in creating links and bookmarks Available for Windows 3 1 or later call for Macintosh availability Re Mark Macintosh Windows Re Mark is a powerful tool for annotating PDF documents Re Mark adds a rich set of markup features to Acrobat such as text highlighting text strike out pop up comments and draw ing tools Its unique one click pop up comment box lets you enter descriptive text for any Re mark object Use the ink draw ing feature to sketch diagrams and highlight text right on the document using a mouse Cross out unwanted text with an X or write on the document The file attachment feature sends original source documents to reviewers and lets them attach materials Attach any picture bitmap sound file movie spreadsheet text file or other file type anywhere in the document And since attachments become part of the document they never get lost when the document is cir culated for review Attached files can be extracted as a separate file copied to the clipboard or launched with its associated ap plication progra
271. nally cross references appearing in text are linked to Fit Page in Window They are designated by a dotted blue box around the reference Where to Purchase the Paper Edition Back to To p Internet Publishing with Acrobat was simultaneously EUR i both paper and PDF editions If you would like to purchase the paper edition visit you local bookseller If they do not have it in stock they d be happy to order it for you Give them the title and the ISBN 1 56830 300 9 Retail price is 40US Adobe Press books are published and distributed by Macmillan Computer Publishing USA For individual educational corporate or retail sales accounts call 1 800 428 5331 or 317 581 3500 For information address Macmillan Computer Publishing USA 201 West 103rd Street Indianapolis IN 46290 Macmillan s World Wide Web page URL is www mcp com This book is also available over the Internet by booksellers who stock com ed puter books Such stores as Amazon com and even your local bookseller PDF HTML often have a Web presence Although Adobe Systems authors and publishes the book through its Adobe Press division Adobe does not sell the paper book Copyright 1996 Back to To p Copyright 1996 Adobe Systems Incorporated All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmit ted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise withou
272. nce not to heading evels Arrange by index Arrange by illustration Arrange by page Arrange non linearly Lists index entries as bookmarks and opens to them Lists illustrations as bookmarks and opens to them Lists page numbers in index uses subservient bookmarks to open to other information on the page Use bookmarks like a common outline but allows the bookmarks o define the order of the pages not the pages themselves Forms Forms enable users to interact with a PDF file document by inputting or selecting custom information within form fields The inputted or default data in the forms fields can be printed imported or exported and then submitted to a Web server script for processing as Forms Document Format FDF files see Appendix C The Forms Data Format or as HTML form data Either Acrobat Reader or Exchange users can fill in form fields and 194 Chapter 7 interact with form buttons however only Acrobat Exchange is capable of saving changes made in the form s fields text additions checkbox selections etc and exporting or importing FDF files Acrobat Reader 3 0 and later can submit form data to a CGI script or applet via the World Wide Web Link action with a URL em bedded in a link bookmark form button or other objects Users can interact with form fields and buttons within Acrobat 3 0 com patible Web browsers or directly in Acrobat viewer applications To submit form data to a
273. nclude the importation of form data from a Web server the magnification of part of a page followed by other actions Links Links are hot spots users interact with to view other areas of a 7 4 single PDF file to open other documents including HTML PDF and others file types on the Internet other actions or invisible areas Create links with Acrobat Exchange or have a PDF savvy creator application create the links automatically Note Links can be generated automatically by manually inserting pafmark commands into a PostScript file However this is usually too time consuming for more than a few links Automatic link cre ation is done most efficiently by a PDF savvy creator application Create links in Acrobat Exchange by drawing a boundary around an area of the PDF page with the link tool and setting an action for the link Clicking on the link initiates its defined action Links are capable of all the possible PDF actions See Section 7 1 Actions for a complete list and description Links can be drawn around a single object or several objects The area drawn defines the link area or hot spot with which the user interacts 188 Chapter 7 PDF savvy creator applications see Section 4 3 PDF Savvy Creator Applications can create links and other interactive and navigational objects within the original file before the file is distilled into a PDF file A PostScript file can have pdfmark oper
274. nd navigational objects which can include links bookmarks PDF pages form fields and buttons can be assigned actions These actions include World Wide Web Links links to other files links to specific pages or views links for the submis Actions 163 sion of data and more Links and bookmarks perform their assigned actions whenever they are clicked Form fields and buttons have actions that are triggered whenever a user performs the specified form action A list of these actions can be found in Table 7 6 16 Field Properties Actions PDF pages can be assigned actions based on the page that is opened or closed by the user Plug ins add specific actions The Weblink Plug in introduced with Acrobat 2 1 adds the World Wide Web Link action which allows a PDF file to link to a URL on the Internet via a Web browser The Movie Plug in also introduced with Acrobat 2 1 opens and plays back movie and sound files within the Acrobat document If the plug in is not present the action is unavailable Action Interactive Required Description Effect Navigational Object Plug in Go To View Links bookmarks None Links to another page or another PDF file and a defined or default view magnification The defined or default view magnifica tion is based on either the pop up menu options selected for view magnification or a custom view defined by the magnifi cation when the link is set Import Form Form fields an
275. nd sources integrating HTML and PDF files 55 F original vs existing 49 158 overview 485 iv for PDF files only 58 59 for print based publishing Sa format selection by application type 06 64 audience accessibility and 79 control and 78 by design attributes 75 8 by document activity and items overview 64 6 6 update frequency and 79 service on image archive servers 83 84 07 bpa on intranets 82 53 on on demand print servers overview 79 80 converting files See also Distiller print to electronic plug in for 232 847 348 Create PDF 106 creator applications Index 367 choosing 104 4105 Excel T4115 FrameMaker il 094111 ps Illustrator 112 PageMaker 106 4109 PDF savvy applications impor tance of 1054106 L problems with 260 261 ae QuarkXPress 1124113 SED Ventura Publisher il 134114 Word TEATS cursor icon visual cues for using 98 D databases file format selection for 70 mat by 7578 Designing Interactive Documents with Adobe Acrobat Pro 276 desktop publishing file format selec tion for 68 169 DigiDox plug in 841 digitizing tool for 29 B0 disk printing PostScript file to TAC Distiller See also Acrobat conversion checklist 117 119 a ara document information provided by 143 font embedding and 1314133 SII naming PDF files 134 overview B3622 documents See files Do
276. ndows 3 x and later Banner Printer Corporate is a tool designed to assist with organi zational control of documents that are published electronically but where paper copies may be required Banner Printer allows the addition of a watermark to the printed paper copy of the PDF file The banner is not permanent and not visible when view ing the PDF document onscreen This provides flexibility by allowing the printing of controlled or uncontrolled copies Volume Builder Windows 3 x and later Volume Builder is a software tool that allows compilation of many discrete documents into a single volume The volume s contents may be comprised of any document single or multi page which is available electronically In fact any document that can be printed from the DOS Windows UNIX or Macintosh environments or can be imported into these environments as a Postscript File may be used in the Volume creation Custom headers and footers which can include images logos etc may be applied to each volume There are facilities to gen erate automatically a table of contents and to apply sequential page numbering to the entire volume 332 Appendices Different volumes may be created from the same source docu ments Volume definitions may be saved to provide easy update PO Box 5 Chepstow Gwent NP6 6YU UK Tel 01291 641554 Fax 01291 641817 Adobe Systems Plug ins Weblink Macintosh Windows UNIX
277. ndows and Macintosh 1 0 ver sions of Acrobat software Capture and Catalog are not covered Most of the information in the book can now be found in the Acrobat help files or in Adobe s various FAQ sheets However the book provides a lot of good information about using Acrobat software in general Sams Publishing 201 West 103rd Street Indianapolis IN 46290 Telephone 800 428 5331 ISBN 0 672 30393 0 Web Publishing with Adobe Acrobat and PDF By Bruce Page and Diana Holm Web Publishing with Adobe Acrobat and PDF explains the process of creating documents to be published simultaneously on CD ROM the Web and in print by using Adobe Acrobat and com mon desktop publishing tools 276 Chapter 10 10 1 7 Other areas covered are configuring Web servers and browsers to support Acrobat PDF files securing PDF files and publishing PDF files on CD ROM John Wiley amp Sons Inc 305 Third Avenue New York New York 20258 Telephone 800 225 5945 ISBN 0 471 14948 9 Designing Interactive Documents with Adobe Acrobat Pro by John Deep and Peter Holfelder This book CD package includes background information and a graphical tutorial to illustrate how to use Adobe Acrobat Pro to create interactive documents by combining graphics and hyper text links Examples demonstrate how to create everything from interactive advertising to dynamic electronic books that can be browsed on the World Wide Web The accompanying
278. needed for profes sional publishing Available for free download from Adobe s Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat SuperPrefs Macintosh Windows SuperPrefs adds a new Super Preferences dialog box for Acrobat Exchange which replaces the standard Preferences dialog box items with the following items m File Open Behavior Specifies the maximum number of documents to be open at any one time and the least recent ly used document to be automatically closed Use the fea ture as a workaround to Acrobat 2 1 s limit of no more than 10 open documents at one time m Acrobat Always On Top Windows Only Makes the Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins 339 Acrobat Exchange window the topmost window at all times similar to the Windows Help feature Always On Top m AutoSave Currently Open Docs Windows only Automatically saves whatever document is open when the application quits The next time Acrobat Exchange is start ed the documents will be opened automatically to the same page and position onscreen m Replace Rotate Dialog Box Replaces the standard Rotate dialog box with one that includes 180 degrees rotation in addition to the 90 degree rotations that has always been offered m Cleanup Bookmarks Checks for bookmarks that point to pages that have been deleted and removes them from the PDF file Hot List Creates a new menu item for instant access with a hot list of a user s favorite PDF files l
279. nformation This appendix describes how embedded and substitute font types such as TrueType Type 1 and Type 3 fonts are handled on a wide variety of platforms How The Postscript Drivers Handle Fonts The Distiller program processes PostScript language descriptions of documents This means that before Distiller can process a doc ument the PostScript printer driver must convert all the non PostScript language fonts in a document to either PostScript language fonts or graphics Both the Windows and Macintosh versions of the PostScript printer driver can use TrueType fonts to create a synthetic Type 1 font with characters that look like the TrueType characters Depending on how it is configured the PostScript printer driver for Windows also can create a synthetic bitmapped Type 3 font for a TrueType font or substitute an available Type 1 font for a TrueType font 320 Appendices G 2 When a PostScript printer driver creates a PostScript language description of a document it checks to see if the Type 1 fonts used in the document are present in the printer either in print er ROM or in an attached device such as a disk drive or CD ROM drive When the font is not present in the printer the driver places a copy of the Type 1 font in the PostScript language file When the font is present in the printer however the driver references it by name only Note The latest version of the Apple LaserWriter printer driver and the Ma
280. nformation Naviaational and PDF Security avigaone Elements Text and Graphics Cached Cached Cached Cached y PDF File Web Browser PDF Viewer Web Browser s Cache client user side Figure 2 3 1 Progressive Rendering Lee Sea Se eS a Re Sea aS ae The size and amount of text graphics images and fonts of a sin gle page determine the time required to download the page not 38 Chapter 2 the PDF file s size A single PDF page similar in design to many HTML files found on the Web is on average only 15 to 45K kilo bytes Downloading a PDF document page this size takes approximately 13 seconds with a 28 8 kbps kilobits per second modem connection However PDF files with extensive use of images fonts and graphics as PDF files should be used can be between 100 to 250K per page requiring just over a minute to wholly download at 28 8 kbps Acrobat 3 0 s page on demand downloading enables users to navigate to any page of a multi page PDF document Choosing another page in the PDF document begins the progressive ren dering of the selected page as the page s data is downloaded from the server Downloaded data from previous pages is cached and read directly from the cache when a user navigates through pre vious pages When the same image graphic or font is encoun tered again in subsequent pages of the document the cached data is used which is much quicker
281. ng the Startup script can be found in the Acrobat Distiller Online Guide Using Distiller to Set Page Sizes and Orientations Distiller s default page size is 8 1 2 by 11 inches with portrait ori entation referred to as the bounding box The bounding box in Reader or Exchange is seen as the size of the actual PDF page over the pasteboard or background Note Selecting the Acrobat PPD file when setting up the printer driver will often yield the correct orientation and page size to match that of the original document Other PPDs often don t pass Distiller the information it needs to set the document s bounding box size and orientation This is a common problem with many docu ments Because the PPD can pass the information with the PostScript language file configure Distiller to match the document s bounding box and orientation Setting custom page sizes editing the Example ps script Before editing the Example ps script make a backup Open the Example ps file in a text editor Find the line lt lt PageSize 612 792 gt gt setpagedevice Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins 329 There are two steps involved in editing the script 1 Make the line active as Distiller loads which applies the changes in the active lines to Distiller s job options To make the line active simply remove the from the line This is true of all other lines in the script The Example ps file has no active lines by default
282. nifications may be applied to the entire document as an open preference see Section 7 12 Open Preferences or engaged via the Go To View action see Section 7 1 2 Go To View Action Magnification Value Description Fixed Fit Page Fit Width Fit Visible Arbitrary 100 Pages are sized to fit within a document window at 100 on small monitor sizes The document s text must be easy to read and require no scrolling of the document window or zooming to see the document s content Magnification relative Pages are scaled zoomed in or out to fit as much of the to the PDF page size page as possible or visible page items at the highest mag and content nification possible within the document window The scal ing is a function of the Acrobat viewer even if viewed through a Web browser Any from 12 to Pages are opened to no defined magnification User must 800 use interactive and navigational tools to view content The amount of scrolling and zooming required to view the con tent depends on the user s document window size and mon itor dimensions 1 The document window may be that of either an Acrobat viewer or a Web browser displaying the PDF file Note The monitor size in pixels is an important factor A 13 inch monitor at 640 x 480 pixels yields substantially different results than a 21 inch monitor at 640 x 480 pixels 90 Chapter 4 Table 4 1 2 Page Sizes at 100 for Monitors 6
283. ning a number of PostScript files together by using the RunFile command in Acrobat Distiller or creating a PDF file from a number of other files with a publish ing application such as PageMaker s Print Book option may 142 Chapter 6 Item Options Size Reduction Solutions Compatibility Acrobat 3 0 or Acrobat 3 0 compatibility creates smaller PDF files than Acrobat 2 1 2 1 compatibility Users of Acrobat 2 1 and earlier viewers cannot use the PDF file ASCII Binary by default or ASCIl encoded PDF files are 12 to 20 larger than binary ASCII if selected PDF files Page None Delete non essential pages Convert color images to grayscale Embedded fonts Notes Images Break the file up into multiple files None Use grayscale rather than color or use color judiciously Change font Don t embed fonts or embed only essential fonts Use embedding options Type 1C Acrobat 3 0 compatible None Condense and edit notes note text is not compressed Compression Use a higher manual compression setting for ZIP or JPEG compressed images or try other compression options Downsample Downsample the image to 72 dpi Convert CMYK images Convert CMYK images to RGB which reduces image sizes to RGB on by default and increases onscreen rendering times 1 Delete pages with Acrobat Exchange 2 Make this change by using a black and white PostScript printer driver to set the images to grayscale from within the origin
284. nly through a script or application Scripts and applications could generate a new form identical to the original but with the user s processed or entered data as the default field values No Only basic actions are supported e g clicking a field to enter informa tion or clicking a button No Buttons may have custom icons but they only become highlighted when clicked o Form field borders are black o Form field backgrounds are white o The only highlight option is invert o The user selected font is used continued Table 7 6 1 continued HTML versus PDF Forms Features 198 Chapter 7 Feature Form fields and but ons can be set so users can read the ields but cannot make changes Form fields and but ons can be hidden o require the user to enter a value PDF Forms HTML Forms Yes No Yes Yes A form field can be set Yes Yes Table 7 6 1 continued HTML versus PDF Forms Features l 1 This table reflects the comparison of PDF forms and HTML 2 0 forms as described in RFC 1866 ftp ds inter nic net rfc 1866 Plug ins Web browser specific enhancements Java applets and later versions of HTML may have different features than those listed here 7 6 2 Comparing HTML and PDF Form Field Objects HTML and PDF forms and form fields have a number of simi larities Undoubtedly Web publishers may want to replace or duplicate existing HTML forms
285. not found in HTML which make interacting with PDF publications more compelling Searching PDF Files PDF files can be searched at two levels much like HTML docu ments On one level open PDF documents can be searched for specific words or text strings by using the Find command This feature is accessible through the Find icon in the Acrobat toolbar when the PDF file is viewed in a Web browser Note With the Find command only the loaded text from either the PDF or HTML documents can be searched On another level the entire contents of document files can be indexed whether the documents utilize PDF HTML or other file formats such as text The queries are requested of an Internet search engine so documents don t need to be downloaded to be Strengths of PDF as an Internet Publishable File Format 41 searchable More and more Internet search engines are reporting that they intend to index PDF documents thereby integrating searchable PDF documents with text HTML and other com monly indexed Internet file formats A list of Internet server indexing and searching software can be found in Appendix B Internet Searching and Indexing Software Web Server PDF Files PDF file being viewed x N Result of Query gt Sing phra e word or se match in sing e document Find command query to match words in down loaded POF file a 4 query across indexed
286. not widely used Table 3 2 5 continued Design Attributes Read the referenced text in the right most column for more information 3 2 6 PDF or HTML No Easy Conclusion If after evaluating a particular document based on the tables no obvious conclusion to use one file format over another can be made consider the following issues Control PDF documents allow precise control of text graphics and images through the many publishing software packages available How much control over the placement of text images and graphics is required Does text need to wrap around irregular shaped objects Do graphics run over text Is text rotated or run on a path Content Service 79 Frequency of updates For Web documents that are automatically updated or automat ically generated via a database script magic cookie or other method HTML files are the best choice For other documents that must be updated by hand easy to use desktop applications and the ease of publishing PDF files from these applications make PDF an attractive option Compare the PDF and HTML files Which file format downloads the first page fastest When an optimized PDF file downloads is it quicker to view the file in HTML or PDF During the download is the progressive render ing of the file compelling Does it progress fast enough to keep a user interested When the download is complete is the PDF file significantly more compelling t
287. nteractive allowing everyone throughout the entire busi ness setting regardless of computer system or software to input data directly into TranZform predefined field areas or retrieve information from other databases directly into the same field areas This information can then be embedded into the doc ument or stored separately for archiving or data transmission purposes achieving total manipulation of the original document TranZform eliminates the need for paper based forms and saves processing time offers extensive forms tracking functionality and makes forms interactive by retrieving data from PDF and by placing that data back into a database Publishers use the Definer Plug in to set up the fill in or database fields Users with the Fill In Plug in can view and input data within these defined fields An excellent way to add HTML forms capabilities to PDF docu ments but limited to those users who have only the Fill In Plug in Excellent for intranet applications where the plug in could be purchased for workstations where the documents would be viewed and printed Call for platform availability information VerZions VerZions is a plug in that provides advanced document work flow solutions to automate manage and expedite the conversion of the printed page to an electronic format VerZions can create a completely flexible automated workflow environment to con trol each phase of the conversion process 348 Appen
288. nto PDF files Movie enables publishers to specify the place ment layout and display of a digital video file Internet publishers who communicate with multimedia or with the aid of movie and sound files will find Acrobat s integration of digital media to be a simple effective solution to presenting dig ital media across platforms and the Internet Available for free download from Adobe s Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat Included with the retail version of Acrobat 3 0 AutoClose Macintosh Windows The AutoClose Plug in is an interface less plug in that automat ically closes the least recently used document before Acrobat s limit of 10 open documents is reached AutoClose also enhances the Go Back stack that is it will automatically re open a previ ously closed document if you go back to it 336 Appendices Users browsing PDF documents on the Internet and CD ROM will find the Plug in essential to avoid the 10 file limit For Windows there is an ini file c windows autoclos ini that by default appears as AutoClose MaxDocs 9 The MaxDocs value equals the maximum number of PDF docu ments open at one time AutoClose is an important plug in for users browsing the Internet Available for free download from Adobe s Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat AutolIndex Macintosh Windows AutoIndex AutoIndx allows publishers to automatically add a search index to the
289. nts onscreen When printed compare the quality with that of the file containing the embedded fonts Whenever possible use substitute fonts to keep the PDF files as small as possible As a general rule don t use the high quality print enhance ments introduced with Acrobat 3 0 for PDF files to be pub lished on the Internet Unless the PDF files will be available on a print server where this quality may be required Allow Distiller to compress text and graphics and to down sample images rather than pre compressing these items before saving to a PostScript file Convert PDF files to binary files not ASCII files Binary files are 12 to 20 smaller than ASCII encoded PDF files For added flexibility and control configure Distiller s Example ps startup script to customize the conversion of PostScript files See Appendix H Setting Options in Distiller s Startup Directory for more information on con figuring the Example ps file To conform to the file naming systems still being used by some users use short names for PDF files less than eight Generating PostScript Files 119 5 1 characters and always use the PDF suffix Consider mak ing the file names ISO 9660 Interchange Level 1 compliant see Section 5 2 5 Naming the PDF File Generating PostScript Files PostScript files are generated by saving the data normally sent to a printer to a file Consult the Acrobat Distiller Online
290. nts or disable printing of the PDF document so the font may not be stripped from the PDF file Fonts in the public domain custom fonts created internally or fonts that have been authorized to be embedded electronically may be embedded in PDF files that will be published on the Web For fonts designed in house or a specially commissioned font check the legal limits of the commission While most privately designed fonts allow distribution via other media specific con tracts may dictate otherwise Getting Permission to Use a Font For permission to use a particular font contact the font compa ny or designer that holds the copyright When contacting the font company or designer have specific document details Often they will want to know m How many copies of the document will be distributed m Can the font be extracted All embedded fonts can be extracted from PDF files with the exception of subset fonts Appendix G Font Embedding Information 319 G 1 m Who is the audience internal or external A general license may require the payment of royalties If they refuse If the font company or designer denies a request to embed a font the font must be removed from the document Check your docu ment after removing the font to see how well Adobe Type Manager substitutes the font Perhaps there s really no need to embed the font especially if ATM does a good job of substitution Appendix G Font Embedding I
291. o 8M free disk space available on the hard drive 2 Ensure that the Set temp line in the AUTOEXEC BAT is valid and 3 Ensure that there is write access to the drive where the TEMP directory is located More information is available from the Adobe FaxY 7427 When using Acrobat on OS 2 ATM must be installed and running in enhanced mode More information is available from the Adobe FaxY 7481 260 Chapter 9 9 2 Creator Application Specific Troubleshooting After converting a PostScript file to a PDF file the resulting PDF file may not match the original document It is also possible that some of the navigational and interactive objects may not appear Additionally when configuring a creator application file to be converted to a PDF file certain features that automate or aid the process may fail Table 9 2 1 lists the most common creator application related issues Problem Platform Solution When opening a PDF file in All Use a Level 2 PostScript savvy printer driver and save the Illustrator 5 5 with the PDF PostScript file as a Level 2 PostScript file Level 2 PostScript drivers Filter text strings are dis and PostScript savvy applications that use Level 2 PostScript will jointed or mispositioned reduce the disjunction of text to a minimal level When saving a PDF file from Macintosh Save the PDF file in a folder Macintosh or directory Windows on Adobe PageMaker 6 0 to and the volume instead of the root dire
292. o access the pop up menu at the bottom of the document window in a Web browser and viewer Users also can choose to view only the page the 92 Chapter 4 page with bookmarks or the page with thumbnails Additionally each view and magnification can display a single page at a time Page Dimension Greeked Text Magnification View s Letter 8 5 x 11 inches 14 point and below 35 Fit Page Page Only Page and Bookmarks Page and Thumbnails Letter 8 5 x 11 inches No2 78 Fit Width Page Only Letter 8 5 x 11 inches 11 point and below 54 Fit Width Page and Bookmarks Page and Thumbnails Letter landscape 11 point and below 46 Fit Page Page Only x 8 5 inches Letter landscape 12 point and below 41 Fit Page Page and Bookmarks x 8 5 inches Page and Thumbnails Letter landscape No 60 Fit Width Page Only x 8 5 inches Letter landscape 12 point and below 41 Fit Width Page and Bookmarks x 8 5 inches Page and Thumbnails Tabloid 11 x 17 inches 18 point and below 23 Fit Page Page Only Page and Bookmarks Page and Thumbnails Tabloid 11 x 17 inches No 69 Fit Page Page Only Tabloid 11 x 17 inches 12 point and below 41 Fit Page Page and Bookmarks Page and Thumbnails 640 x 480 pixels 9 point and below 59 Fit Page Page Only 640 x 480 pixels 10 point and below 51 Fit Page Page and Bookmarks Page and Thumbnails 640 x 480 pixels No 75 Fit Width Page Only 640 x 480 pixels 10 point
293. obat Products and Services Guide on the Adobe Web site 301 302 Appendices A Appendix A Web Server Software This appendix lists and annotates the basic features of the Web servers that support PDF files as of this book s press date A num ber of Web server manufacturers have integrated or announced their plans to support byte range requests which enable faster page on demand downloading of PDF files served on the Web In addition to the companies listed below other Web servers most of which support CGI scripts can also byte serve PDF and other file types by simply adding the Perl byte server script The Perl script is included with the retail version of Acrobat 3 0 also check the Adobe Acrobat Web page at http www adobe com for availability and updates to the script For information on other servers that support page on demand downloading of Acrobat 3 0 PDF files through byte range requests see the Adobe Web site at http www adobe com Contact the companies below directly for the most recent de tailed information about their capabilities features and plat form availability Appendix A Web Server Software 303 Web Server PDF Support Platforms Contact Operating Systems Microsoft Internet byteserver CGI script Intel Microsoft Microsoft Corporation Information Server Windows NT One Microsoft Way Digital Alpha AXP Redmond WA 98052 IPS Tel 800 426 9400 PowerPC http www
294. obat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat Additionally many of the commercial online services have Acrobat areas Most Internet catalogs have listings for Adobe Acrobat and the compa nies that produce Acrobat related products Note Check http www adobe com for more information and a list of locations that sell Adobe software See Section 10 6 Acrobat Compatible Viewer and Converter Applications for a list of the companies that develop PDF viewing and conversion soft ware similar to Adobe s PDF viewers and producers PDF PDF Selecting Content Strategies Sources Formats and Service Publishing content as Portable Document Format PDF files opens the powerful world of Internet publishing Graphically rich PDF files transcend the limitations of computer platform dependent file formats and enable Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browsers to seamlessly display PDF documents quickly and easily With Acrobat 3 0 PDF documents can be integrated with present HTML publishing efforts ensuring that the appropriate file format matches the demands of the content The content and its use either intended by the publisher or defined by the audi ence not the technology should determine the most suitable publishing file for mat This chapter identifies strategies for content publishing and focuses on the types of content that is best published in HTML or PDF How to serve these files and the tools that aid in the production of
295. odified Acrobat Distiller PPD and enter the appropriate value in the Page Width box at the bottom of the Printer Setup dialog box E 2 Creating a Custom Distiller Printer Description File for Macintosh 1 Open the Acrobat Distiller PPD in a text editor that saves in text only format e g TeachText or Simple Text The Acrobat Distiller PPD file is located in the Printer Descriptions folder in the Extensions folder found in the System Folder Locate the ModelName Acrobat Distiller line and insert the word Modified before Acrobat For example ModelName Modified Acrobat Distiller Locate the NickName Acrobat Distiller and insert the word Modified before Acrobat For example NickName Modified Acrobat Distiller Locate the section that begins Custom Page Sizes and delete the following lines from that section CustomPageSize True 4 dict begin pop pop Orientation value off the stack to fix bug in PageMaker 5 0 316 Appendices 2 array astore Margins exch def 2 array astore PageSize exch def ImagingBBox null def currentdict end setpagede vice End 5 Use the Save As command to save the file and name it MODIFIED PPD 6 When creating a PostScript file in Quark select the Modified Acrobat Distiller PPD and enter the appropriate value in the Page Width box at the bottom of the Page Setup dialog box When creating a PostS
296. of PDF files and PDF support of interactive and navigational objects allow the publi cation of graphically rich and compelling print and electronic documents on the Internet from a single source file This same source file can be used for professional full color magazines or much smaller in house newsletters PDF files are an optimal solution for publishing magazines brochures catalogs product data sheets reports and other document types without the need to redesign the content before Internet publication Concurrent publishing with the aid of Acrobat software makes it possible to convert the same source file used for print repro duction or reproduction to other media to a PDF file However Internet publishers should carefully examine the online usability of a print published document before adopting a concurrent publishing strategy Generally few print publications are as usable as they could be if they are simply converted to PDF files and uploaded to a Web site on the Internet Converting a large amount of repurposed content to PDF files referred to as shov 52 Chapter 3 elware hardly takes full advantage of PDF as a solution for Internet publishing Note Publishers who create PostScript files from their files for tra ditional printing at a service bureau or commercial printer can con vert this same PostScript file to a PDF file Some modifications may be needed to make the file useful on the Internet Mo
297. of other popular software applications can be con verted to PDF files thereby maintaining the way the document originally looked PDF s rich visual integrity operates at several levels m The physical structure of the document is maintained including the number of pages and its dimensions mar gins placement of text graphics and images and more m Information about each element s color and resolution is either preserved or represented so it can be reproduced in an Acrobat viewer or printer independent of the installed software or hardware m At the character level font data can be read from the user s machine if the font is in residence or read from the infor mation embedded in the PDF file or substituted by the Acrobat viewer Where to Get Adobe Acrobat Software 45 2 4 Combined each level works to produce a document that closely resembles the original document Acrobat software and the Portable Document Format bridge the gap between how the content should look and how it ends up look ing bringing the world of Internet publishing within reach With no need to learn a complicated scripting or authoring language the Web publisher can connect with an audience through interactive features built directly into Acrobat software and PDF files Where to Get Adobe Acrobat Software The free Acrobat Reader and other free plug ins macros and demos of Acrobat related software can be found at the Adobe Acr
298. of pass Actions 171 ing PDF files through the server s byte range request CGI script PDF files must be routed via the server s byte range request CGI script to enable page on demand downloads and progressive ren dering Other Web servers such as WebSTAR for the Macintosh operating system use a different procedure for byte serving PDFs See Section 7 1 11 World Wide Web Link Action for more information about configuring URLs in PDF files Acrobat 3 0 viewers use relative URLs to open files linked via the Open File action The relative URL function is built into the Acrobat 3 0 viewer so PDF files created with Acrobat 2 1 or ear lier can use relative URLs without modification A relative URL doesn t include the protocol and preserves the link to the target ed file within the same path structure across the Web CD ROM wide area networks and local drives This allows collections of PDF files to be published on a variety of media for mats and networks without the need to update the links or mod ify the network protocols For example a collection of PDF files on CD ROM with the path E Acro_CD DOCS TOC pdf has a relative URL of Acro_CD DOCS TOC pdf and would be resolved as http www sitename com Acro_CD DOCS TOC pdf by the Web browser and Acrobat viewer When transferred between media formats or networks the path s hierarchy must remain consistent Do not rename directories files or move files between d
299. of supported font formats by platform Overall embedding a font contributes significantly to the look and feel of a document especially with documents that contain ornate fonts Unique typefaces may need to be embedded to pre serve the font s unique characters Acrobat uses Multiple Master font technology to emulate the look of a font This technology also substitutes another font for fonts not embedded in the PDF file or available on the user s machine Note Capitalize on the Acrobat viewer s font substituting capabili ty to avoid the need to embed a font which keeps PDF files small However substitute fonts increase screen drawing and printing times The viewer can only substitute normal text fonts Times Gill Sans etc and cannot substitute symbol fonts that include musical notes Zapf Dingbats or mathematical symbols Symbol fonts or fonts with symbols if available are automatically embedded in PDF files If they are not embedded the PDF file may have been created with an application that saves to the PDF file format like Adobe Illustrator then the symbol font must be installed on the user s system or the symbol will not be rendered 132 Chapter 5 Job Option Best for Internet PDF files Embed All Fonts Checked On Subset Fonts below n 25 User Fonts List Displays user s font lists if set Always Embed List Displays fonts set to always be embedded if set Never Embed List Displays fonts set to
300. of the bitmaps Wherever a design permits reuse is encouraged Optimizing PDF files in Acrobat Exchange deletes redundant images and graphic bitmaps Only a single copy of the bitmap is stored in the PDF file After a PDF file with an optimized graph ic or image bitmap is downloaded it is cached and its rendering on subsequent pages is greatly increased Note Designers should take advantage of this feature for common interface parts background textures and images Some creator applications such as Adobe PageMaker QuarkXPress and Adobe FrameMaker have a master pages feature Master pages are a convenient location to store and keep track of shared graphic and image elements in a document After the file is converted to a PDF 104 Chapter 4 4 2 file optimization see Section 7 14 Optimizing PDF Files for the World Wide Web removes the redundant data that describes other occurrences of the reused image and graphics reducing the overall size of the PDF file Choosing Creator Applications Most software applications capable of printing can be used to create PDF files with the addition or selection of a PostScript printer driver See Section 5 1 1 The PostScript Printer Driver for more information about printer drivers PostScript files are converted to PDF files with Acrobat Distiller see Chapter 5 Converting PostScript Files to PDF Files Note The process of creating a PDF file from
301. oks marketing docu ments catalogs readme files white papers and other document types that need to be distributed via various computer platforms operating systems media formats and networks From a publisher s perspective little experience beyond the skills of most print publishers is required for producing PDF files Every major desktop publishing software package and a number of graphics applications support the PDF file format Publishing content as PDF files requires no new design training as HTML did Many of these software applications have additions plug ins macros or other utilities that quickly and simply convert document information such as tables of content cross refer ences and notes into intuitively navigable and interactive PDF file objects Creating PFD files is easy This book will help you publish PDF files expertly About This Book Internet Publishing with Acrobat is the essential reference guide for publishers of PDF files on the Internet or those who want to publish PDF files on the Internet This book is both a technical reference and a content development guide It contains the most comprehensive technical information about Acrobat and Internet publishing available to date Much of this information comes directly from Adobe engineers working on Acrobat and countless third party developers power users and experts Unlike the plethora of books on HTML and Web publishing and the handful of books on Ac
302. omatically with a PDF savvy creator application through pdfmark a transparent rectangle will be drawn over the hypertext and the hypertext action e g a World Wide Web Link Open File or Go To View will be assigned Within Acrobat Exchange Adobe s Touch Up Plug in and other third party plug ins can be used to style color or edit text in a PDF file to conform to the content s hypertext link cue designs Use these plug ins to reset outdated hypertext links to normal text Note Layout altering modifications numerous hypertext changes or changes to the hypertext link s cue style often are completed most efficiently in the software application in which the file was designed rather than with the Tough Up Plug in or other plug ins Image and graphic cues On the Web graphic and image navigational objects for example visual components such as buttons and icons often are identified with a colored border In Acrobat Exchange use the form tool to create a button field Buttons can have a custom icon imported from a PDF file and name which will change when clicked Use the link tool to draw a colored rectangular border around graph ics or images in PDF files If the graphic or image is irregularly shaped or circular either add a colored border as the document is being designed in the creator application or omit the colored bor der visual cue by adding a transparent rectangle over the naviga tional object Links can have a
303. on paper or other media 70 Chapter 3 HTML Works Best Both Work Well PDF Works Best Neither Works Well HTML WYSIWYG editors Word processing Desktop publishing Multimedia authoring software programs programs Text editors Spreadsheet programs Illustration programs Database programs Presentation software 1 Spreadsheet programs that can export to HTML tables e g Microsoft Excel with the Internet Publisher Wizard see http www microsoft com work well as applications to create tabular content as either HTML or PDF files Spreadsheets that cannot export to HTML tables are best published as PDF files 2 Database programs used through proprietary database servers interface nicely with HTML documents HTML as a document format alone has no database functionality Third party developers have announced database connectivity functionality through PDF The stage at which a document functions in the creation process fits within the content development strategies described earlier see Section 3 1 Content Development Strategies Original content being developed for documents not yet created has the flexibility to be published as either PDF files or HTML files or both If a document has been published already as an HTML file it is best left in that format even if a concurrent publishing strat egy is being employed Existing electronic documents marked up with a structured language e g SGML work best as HTML files
304. on s Checkbox Check mark check circle cross Default export value is On for selected diamond square or star checkbox es Forms 211 ed Use this value or the alternate off value when submitting HTML form data to CGI scripts 7 6 6 Form Field Actions Action Cause Unlike links or bookmarks form fields have two actions The first action is the form action It is triggered by how the user interacts with the form field see Table 7 6 16 Field Pro perties Actions When triggered the second action which is common to links and bookmarks is initiated see Section 7 1 Actions One form field can have several actions each with a different secondary action associated with it Form field actions make highly interactive multimedia like doc uments Web publishers whenever possible should capitalize on the dynamic interactive objects to further enrich content The possible applications of combined forms and other actions are limitless Description Mouse Up Mouse Down Mouse Enter Mouse Exit Selected action occurs when mouse button usually the left button is released after being depressed Selected action occurs when mouse button usually the left button is depressed Selected action occurs when the mouse cursor enters the area of the form field or button Selected action occurs when the mouse cursor leaves the area of the form field or button after en
305. on see http www adobe com supportservice devrelations Internet Discussion Lists 279 10 3 10 3 1 10 4 PDF Related World Wide Web Sites This information listed below can be used as general pointers to other PDF related World Wide Web sites Adobe Systems m General information http www adobe com m Software and information ftp adobe com m Adobe Acrobat http www adobe com acrobat m Adobe PageMaker http www adobe com prodindex pagemaker m Adobe PageMill http www adobe com prodindex pagemill m Adobe FrameMaker http www adobe com prodindex framemaker m PPD Files for PostScript Printers ftp ftp adobe com pub adobe PPDfiles Internet Discussion Lists Internet discussion lists allow Acrobat publishers and users to exchange ideas troubleshoot problems and discuss new publish ing solutions Many of these list are frequented by Adobe staff and Acrobat experts who often provide detailed information to the Acrobat publishing and user communities There are a num ber of discussion groups specific to Acrobat and Acrobat related topics They can be found on commercial online services such as America Online or CompuServe or on moderated Usenet or list serv lists 280 Chapter 10 10 4 1 ListServs The following Acrobat listservs are for the public discussion of Acrobat and Acrobat related topics Listservs forward messages sent to the listserver to a subscriber s email acc
306. ook And Peggy Bogard Judy Kirkpatrick and Sarah Rosenbaum of Adobe spent hours reading various draft copies of this book Their comments suggestions and time contributed were invaluable Thanks also to Joe Freda at PrePRESS SOLUTIONS David Glazer Stephanie Go dek Harold Grey at ITC Denise Salis Pat Soberanis Tracey Thompson and Joseph Treacy My gracious thanks to Karen Whitehouse my editor for working so hard on this project She provided first class editorial support throughout This book is a tes tament to her diligent careful work Finally thanks to Patrick Ames Publisher of Adobe Press He began working with me on this project when Acrobat 3 0 was merely a two page press release He s reviewed countless drafts and even entirely new incarnations of the book His skills support and belief in this project contributed directly to the quality of this book and my ability to finish it 399 Internet Publishing WITH ACROBAT BY GORDON KENT A comprehensive reference for creating and integrating NODE PDF files with HTML on the Internet and intranets PRESS The author has established a Web site to support this book http www novagraphix com Internet_Publishing_with_Acrobat gt About this book gt Table of Contents How to Use this Digital Book gt Where to Purchase the Paper Edition gt Copyright About this book Back to To p At last a reference book on Adobe Acrobat for internet p
307. orance to the use of a font in your documents However until a technological solution is created it is best to take a proactive position with all publishing efforts and work on alternatives to embedding the actual font data At present this is an ethical issue later it may become a legal issue Companies That Permit Font Embedding The following companies make their fonts available for legal embedding within a PDF document m Adobe Systems m Any of the Adobe Originals fonts m Any of the fonts in the Adobe Type Library m Any fonts owned by Linotype Hell AG m Any fonts owned by Agfa Gevaert m Any fonts owned by Fundicion Tipografica Neufville m Any fonts owned by Monotype Typography Ltd m Any PrePRESS font or font from the Varityper Library acquired by PrePRESS Anyone who has purchased these fonts is permitted to embed that font in a PDF for purposes of viewing or reading that document 318 Appendices F 2 m Typefaces from the Bitstream Typeface Library BTL may be used in the creation of portable electronic documents embedded in PDFs and PostScript files so recipients of those documents may read and print them Bitstream Typefaces may not be included with or embedded into electronic document formats that allow the recipient to extract or freely gain access to those typefaces for future use This requires Bitstream font users to subset a font embedding job option in Acrobat Distiller 3 0 all Bitstream fo
308. osoft Video for Windows Microsoft Corporation s propri etary digital video file format MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions MIME types specify a file type Used for both email file attachments and as a way for Web servers to publish different file types allowing Web browsers users to select an application to read the file based on the MIME type Multiple Master font Type 1 font where type characteris A category of tics such as weight thickness and width of each character can be modified without altering the font s design n up printing Enables two or more document pages to be printed on a single sheet of media commonly paper navigation The act of finding one s way round an information struc ture NetWare system which works with Adobe Acrobat PDF files Novell Inc s networking NNTP Network News Transfer Proto col The underlying technology of Usenet news that enables clients to communicate with Usenet servers node A computer connected to and accessible by a network OEM original equipment manufac turer A company that produces hardware to be marketed under another company s brand Glossary 297 Optical Character Recognition OCR The process of converting shapes into text OCR software works with input devices e g scanners and fax machines to convert paper based documents into electronic text A PDF specific process that removes
309. ost users view PDF files on common monitors 640 x 480 pixels a user must enlarge the Web browser document window use Acrobat s zoom features or make use of interactive and navigational objects such as article threads see Section 7 9 Article Threads or the Go To View action see Section 7 1 2 Go To View Action to comfortably read text online No common page sizes fit in a Web browser window at 100 Fit Visible on a monitor 640 x 480 pixels Most Web browser document windows are only 488 x 293 pixels large narrower and much shorter than a letter size page 8 5 x 11 inches or 612 x 792 pixels Enlarging a Web browser docu ment window to fit a page 8 5 x 11 inches within the window at 100 requires a 25 inch or larger monitor or a portrait monitor Large page sizes can fit within a small document window by using Acrobat s view buttons to display the page area e g Actual Size Fit Page and Fit Width or page view can be used to display just the page or the page with bookmarks or thumbnails there by allowing common page sizes often used for printing to be viewed and read The view and magnification at which a page opens can be predefined by the publisher by setting an open pref erence from within Acrobat Exchange Users can select a magni fication to view the page This can be accomplished by using the zoom tool from the Viewer s toolbar or by selecting a magnifica tion from the Zoom menu in the menubar t
310. ote Changing the opening page number does not affect which page is displayed when a multi page PDF file is embedded in an HTML document By default embedded PDFs always display the true first page page one Magnification A PDF document can be configured to open at a predefined rel ative or fixed defined by a percentage magnification Relative magnification scales the page based on the variable size of the document window either in a Web browser or Acrobat viewer document window Fixed magnification opens the document at 228 Chapter 7 the defined magnification percentage regardless of the user s window or monitor size Use the Magnification Open preference to zoom in on images and graphics Enlarging graphics and images between 50 to 100 makes efficient use of bandwidth and rendering time by reducing the actual amount of data required to display the image or graphic without significantly reducing quality Alternatively magnifying text areas which progressive rendering displays first provides seemingly immediate access to the con tent and allows image and font blitting the update of a substi tute font to the actual fully downloaded font to occur off screen while the download continues Magnification Description Suggestions for use Fit Page Fit Page increases or decreases the page s magnification to fit the whole page within the Acrobat viewer or Web browser document window Fit Width Fit Width
311. ount much like receiving a personal email message Some listservs have digests all the postings sent to the listserver over a specified time are compiled into a single email message Additionally some of the listservs have searchable archives of frequently asked question FAQs files and databases for a quick orientation to the listserv s topic or for researching previously discussed topics pdf I A list for discussing Acrobat hosted by EMERGE To subscribe to the list send email to Majordomo binc net with the following command in the body of your email message SUB SCRIBE PDF L To subscribe to the digest send email to Majordomo binc net with the following command in the body of your email message SUBSCRIBE PDF DIGEST More information on the pdf l list is available at the EMERGE Web site at http www emrg com pdfl html A hypermail archive of the pdf list can be found at http wue con wustl edu pdfl acrobat A list for discussing Acrobat hosted by Blue World Communica tions Internet Discussion Lists 281 10 4 2 Find the Web page subscription format at http www blueworld com lists acrobat To subscribe to the list send a message to listproc ucdavis edu with SUBSCRIBE in the subject To subscribe to the digest send a message to acrobat request blueworld com with SUBSCRIBE DIGEST in the subject ucd adobe A list that discusses Adobe products and software including Acrobat Hosted
312. out byte range requests see the Internet draft that detail byte range requests with HTTP URLs pro posed by Ari Luotonen of Netscape Communications Corporation and John Franks Department of Mathematics at Northwestern University The document can be found at ftp ds internic net internet drafts draft ietf http range retrieval 00 txt Installing the Byteserver Script Install the byteserver CGI script where other CGI scripts are installed on the server Most UNIX and DOS based servers store CGI scripts in the cgi bin directory When installed the script expects to see which file and which bytes are being requested in the PATH_TRANSLATED environment variable Note Check the Adobe Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat for the most recent version of the byteserver script and instal lation instructions for serving PDF files with byte range requests 242 Chapter 8 8 3 8 3 1 Note Other servers support byte range requests through plug ins or other application programming interface scripts and applications Check the server s information about configuring server software for serving byte range requests Configuring FTP and Gopher Sites for PDF Files FTP and Gopher sites can serve PDF files These types of Internet servers typically cannot process CGI scripts and therefore cannot be used to serve byte ranges As a result a Web server that allows progressive rendering and page on demand downloads is the
313. overall design of PDF files to be published on the Internet and optimized for the Web This includes the selection and use of creator applications from basic word proces sors to sophisticated publishing systems which fully support the file features found in PDF In addition methods for creating PDF files to maximize the docu ment s usability on the Internet such as design parameters to decrease file sizes improve readability and decrease screen rendering times will be discussed The most successful PDF documents combine interactivity with design unifying layout with intuitive usability Designing successful documents and publishing them on the Web is a result of efficient use of software design tools a clear under standing of how PDF documents are used on the Web and the designer s skill in both aesthetics and interactivity 85 86 Chapter 4 The list below consists of design considerations that will help produce better PDF files for publishing on the Internet with Acrobat m Build navigational and interactive cues buttons hypertext cues and form fields directly into the design to encourage interactivity and content specific navigation m Configure PDF files to open at the optimal page size or at a specified magnification to maximize text legibility on stan dard monitors Offer links to other resolutions for uncom monly large or smaller monitor sizes or Web browser document windows m Make page s
314. owser Use the application in which the file was created to maximize the creator software s feature for saving as a PDF file Edit or modify PDF files Set a link from a PDF file to an HTML file Have your server process or create form data from a PDF file Optimize PDF files for progressive rendering Then See Section 3 1 Content Development Strategies which describes a number of strategies for converting existing files and paper documents into PDF files for Internet publication Read over Section 2 1 What is Adobe Acrobat Start with Section 3 1 4 Integrating HTML with PDF Files and hen see Section 8 6 Supporting PDF Files with HTML Markup See Section 4 1 1 Selecting Page Dimensions which includes specific page sizes for Netscape Navigator and general sugges ions for choosing page dimensions Read both Section 4 2 Choosing Creator Applications and Section 4 3 PDF Savvy Creator Applications for help in select ing the best software for creating content to be published on he Internet as PDF files and how to maximize the use of the creator software to automate the task of adding interactive and navigational objects to PDF files See Section 6 2 Modifying PDF Documents for strategies on making changes to your PDF files Refer to Section 7 1 11 World Wide Web Link Action Read Section 8 9 Processing PDF Forms Data See Section 7 14 Optimizing PDF Files
315. pendix K Converting Other File Types to PDF or Adobe s Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat Note Acrobat Capture and Capture Plug in are the most efficient tools for digitizing printed pages to PDF files Alternatively optical character recognition or image digitization software may be a solu tion Table 3 1 1 outlines three common repurposed content design modifications Source media should conform or be redesigned to 50 Chapter 3 meet these basic parameters These summarized points are ex panded in Chapter 4 Designing Content for the Internet Item Modification Page dimensions Page elements Hypertext links Colors Redesign to fit well within a monitor 640 x 480 pixels versus page sizes and Web browser document windows Remove extraneous margins and white space that are not needed for onscreen viewing Remove page numbers footnotes and other items specific to print publications and replicated in PDF Add actions to navigate and provide interactivity between related content and con text These may correspond to features found in print documents table of contents and cross references etc Convert images and graphics that use CMYK colors commonly used in print docu ments to RGB The result is smaller files that display and print more quickly than those using CMYK colors Table 3 1 1 Common Physical Page Design Modifications for Web Publishing 1 Acrob
316. printer at that particular printer s highest possible resolution A print on demand server can use the same server software as a common Web server functioning as a repository so that files can be downloaded quickly and printed Print on demand servers can be part of a Web site or function independently PDF files stored on an on demand print server may have larger file sizes than those used on a general use Web site Therefore an isolated server may perform quicker downloads when competing with everyday Web server traffic Note While the main use of an on demand print server is to print documents can be viewed in a Web browser window or off line in an Acrobat viewer The print on demand approach is often employed for what cor porations call mission critical documents datasheets specifica tion sheets brochures and other sales materials The PDF files need not be optimized to enable progressive rendering in an Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browser although page on demand downloading may be advantageous depending on the structure of each document These documents are perfect items for Acrobat compatible not necessarily Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browsers and sites Sales forces armed with laptops can have 82 Chapter 3 3 3 2 access to a virtual warehouse or distribution center And rather than spending millions on printing distribution and recycling out of date mission critical documents a print on demand PDF se
317. proach provides pro tection for entire sites and directories or the option to leave a Dynamic PDF 255 site open with little or no server security beyond the basics and limited access to specified files 8 12 Serving Multimedia Files External data files such as movie files and Forms Data Format files require no special configuration or optimization In addi tion these files can be linked to and from other non byte served sites to lessen the load on other servers Note Ensure that the action that opens the media file or FDF file from the PDF file is correct Incorrectly opened movie files will dis play an error an incorrectly opened FDF file may populate a form with the wrong data no data at all or display an error 8 13 Dynamic PDF PDF files can be generated on the fly or initiated by interactive input from a user Typically forms allow the greatest flexibility when selecting options for dynamic output However other vari ables also can be used e g a Web browser s environment the time of day a magic cookie etc 8 13 1 Dynamically Merging a PDF Template with User Data There is presently only one solution for generating dynamic PDF documents which is to merge selected or inputted information with a template The capability to generate a document based entirely on user input is some time off in the future The ability 256 Chapter 8 8 13 2 to custom build a newsletter a press relea
318. r 108 supported by Ventura Publisher 114 uo nttp protocol 180 0 Open File action T pune plug in 8 eee P page layout programs creating PDF files with See creator applications PageMaker color shifts and 154 PDF file support TOO plug in for 352 pages See also aom pages Index 373 passwords form type and 200 overview 42 owner passwords 224 PDF file download and 239 PDF See also PDF files compatibility 39 40 converting files to tools for 3534359 See also Distiller specification for 43 4 PDF files See also files PDF configuring Web servers for 237 242 content for See content converting other formats to 44 290 See also Distiller converting to other formats 43 design and etiquette for Web sites dynamic generation 255 256 as email 243 embedding into HTML files encoding 248 evaluating checklist for 140 colon 153 54 image color saturation and quality 146 4147 image rendering time 141 TRI a interactive and navigational objects 155 overview 138 4140 page order 154 page orientation 154 374 Index print quality 149 security See security security 148 size BEBENTA size and download times summaries of 62 63 140 141 uploading 248 thumbnails 143 pdfmarks 53 961328 file attributes 145 PDF NAVigator B52 as home pages 244 PDF2PS 289 HTML files PDF Type 290 integration with 5l PDFViewer B4 lin
319. r Macintosh The application that generated the PostScript file which was hen converted to a PDF file Presumably this is the application in which the original file was created Not all applications pass his information Producer Acrobat Distiller 3 0 The Acrobat or third party PostScript to PDF conversion application Creation date 3 28 96 9 35 45 PM The date the PDF file was created The Acrobat producer inserts the date conversion began not the date and time conversion was completed Modified date 5 5 96 10 27 18 AM The last date and time some part of the document was modi fied and saved This does not apply to user interaction such as viewing bookmarks or opening notes unless they are saved that way Only viewers capable of saving changes to a PDF file can alter the modified date File size 638490 Bytes The file size in bytes Optimized Yes or No Indicates if the file has been optimized for Web publishing 146 Chapter 6 6 1 5 Filename The name of the file should at the very least include the peri od and PDF file extension Also consider adopting an ac cepted standard naming convention e g ISO 9660 Ensure that the PDF file s name is unique from other PDF files on the Internet server Note For more information about PDF file naming conventions see Section 5 2 5 Naming the PDF File Checking Security Check a PDF file s conditional security options by choos
320. r PDF documents AnylImage InfoLinker uses Adobe Acrobat technology to convert large amounts of information into PDF automatically apply hy perlinks and deliver PDF files with Acrobat software 13133 34th Street North Clearwater FL 34622 Tel 813 572 1900 Fax 813 572 2395 nett Information Products nett InfoWare nett InfoWare enables electronic collection management and distribution of Adobe Acrobat PDF documents over the Lotus Notes network or through electronic mail nett InfoWare func tions over both local area networks and wide area networks con nected via modems X25 or TCP IP without requiring an online connection nett InfoWare includes three applications m nett InfoWare Author allows authors to tag and submit their documents It also automates the authorization process for their release into the distribution network pro viding multilevel security Appendix K Converting Other File Types to PDF 355 K 4 m nett InfoWare Publisher facilitates conversion of documents submitted by nett InfoWare Author into PDF files and their proper filing into nett InfoWare databases for replication to recipients sites m nett InfoWare Viewer is a powerful group and personal information manager and browser nett Information Products licenses nett InfoWare to corpora tions that require tight standardization and control of complex rich text document distribution both internally and to cus tomers and vert
321. r audience with its compatibility feature files that are binary encoded thereby uti lizing lower bandwidth than with ASCII encoding which yield faster download times and high quality onscreen resolution Compatibility Distiller s compatibility options can be set for Acrobat 2 1 and earlier compatibility to allow resulting PDF files to be view in all 2 1 and earlier Acrobat viewers Acrobat 3 0 and later compati bility generates smaller more efficient and Web suitable PDF files than with earlier viewers Most Web publishers should choose Acrobat 3 0 compatibility The Acrobat 3 0 Reader is free and widely available so there should be no need to serve two ver sion of the same PDF file one compatible with 3 0 and anoth er with Acrobat 2 1 If an audience doesn t have access to an Acrobat 3 0 compatible viewer perhaps a workgroup that has Using Acrobat Distiller 125 not yet upgraded from version 2 1 of Acrobat Exchange pro vide that audience with only the 2 1 compatible file Note See Choosing a compatibility setting in the Distiller 3 0 Online Guide for more information about specific feature compat ibility ASCII format Choosing the binary option the alternative to checking the ASCII option results in a smaller PDF file A binary encoded PDF file is between five percent low to 20 high smaller than the same file encoded as an ASCII PDE The default for ASCII coding is off Binary PDF files
322. r cross platform document creation Adobe Acrobat Distiller Adobe Acrobat Distiller interprets and converts PostScript and Encapsulated PostScript EPS files into PDF files PostScript files can be created by almost any software application that can print Distiller s function as a converter of PostScript files is essential for Internet publishers When converting a PostScript file to a PDF file Distiller compresses both text and graphics Distiller downsamples and compresses images to save additional file size and embeds fonts to preserve the document s typographic fideli ty Compression and downsampling allow PDF files to be sub stantially smaller than the original file size Resulting file size depends on the number of images in a file and the compression and resolution selected however a PDF file can be 10 to 20 times smaller than the PostScript file Acrobat Distiller 3 0 adds the capability to convert PostScript files to either Acrobat 2 1 or Acrobat 3 0 compatible files Acrobat 3 0 compatible files are smaller than Acrobat 2 1 compatible files how small depends on the type of document Details about the implications of com pression downsampling and font embedding is explained in detail in Section 5 2 Using Acrobat Distiller Acrobat Distiller is available for most popular platforms and is bundled with some Adobe software applications such as Adobe PageMaker as Private Editions denoted as Acrobat Disti
323. r the job options set in Distiller or override default conversions To make these modifications edit the Example ps script found within Distiller s Startup directory Job options set in the Example ps script will override those set tings made in Distiller s job options Modifying Distiller s job options will override preferences set in the Example ps script The Example ps script contains job option preferences and other commands that Distiller can read as it is launching Editing this file while Distiller is running has no affect All the options set in job options can be set in the Example ps file However Acrobat Distiller 3 0 adds a number of interface features In Distiller 2 1 and earlier versions these features are accessible only by editing the startup script Both the default page size and the page s measurement units e g inches picas etc can be set from within Acrobat Distiller 3 0 m Page orientation portrait or landscape can be configured by setting the width greater than the height for landscape or the height greater than the width for portrait m Adda message that will be displayed in Distiller s window as Distiller launches m Convert CMYK graphics to RGB graphics an Advanced conversion option in Distiller 3 0 328 Appendices H 1 m Load specific fonts into memory and m Apply pdfmark operators to specific pages or the whole document Note More detail about configuri
324. re two steps Internet pub lishers should take before adding interactive and navigational objects The first step is to evaluate the quality of the PDF file to determine if in its present form it is suitable for publishing on the Internet see Section 6 1 PDF File Evaluation Second the publisher should make any whole page or single line text changes to delete outdated or incorrect pages or to import new pages into the PDF document see Section 6 2 Modifying PDF Documents Additionally the publisher should correct spelling errors modify the style of text or replace words Making small text changes or replacing whole pages of a PDF document can be easily done with Acrobat Exchange Note The order of the steps in assessing a PDF file s suitability for the Internet is important It is advised that publishers first evaluate how suitable a PDF file is for the Internet and then make any text or whole page changes Making text and page 137 138 Chapter 6 changes only to find out the PDF file is too large and needs to be reconverted with a higher level of compression results in the loss of valuable editorial time When evaluating the quality of a file converted to PDF use the following guidelines to fine tune a PDF file for publication on the Internet m Check the PDF file s size and each page in bytes Do most pages render quickly between 10 and 20 seconds at a typi cal user s modem speed m
325. reating book marks and hypertext links This plug in quickly builds and repaginates composite documents and builds a library of PDF documents for easy selection The compose bookmarks by example tool creates book marks based on a document s heading styles Identify an example of each heading style to create a bookmark Compose scans the entire document converting matching headings into hierarchical bookmarks Create linked index pages from an existing table of contents and index pages Compose even creates separate links for each page reference in the index The copy link tool automatically copies hypertext links in a PDF file to another PDF file eliminating the need to manu ally create each link on every page Batch process files to set file security options and file open defaults create thumbnails and index lists Link all instances of key words together to create hypertext links from one occurrence to the next Compose checks the validity of a document s hypertext links and bookmarks and helps fix broken links Automatically builds tables of contents for multiple PDF files Compose creates a set of open file bookmarks that launch other PDF files using the general information fields such as title and subject Compose automates the assembly of large composite docu ments by repaginating composite documents and electroni 344 Appendices cally whiting out page numbers from the origi
326. rectory of servers Notes URL for a document on a Gopher server Most Web browsers can display Gopher directories so no Gopher helper application is required URL that starts a Telnet session on the Dow Jones Telnet site The Web browser launches a Telnet application required as a helper application Appends the username and password that is required for access and activation of the Dow Jones Telnet session URL address of a FTP server Most Web browsers can display FTP directories so no FTP helper application is required Appends the username and password that is required for access to the FTP server Opens a Usenet newsgroup If the Web browser cannot display newsgroups a helper application is launched to read news in the selected group comp text pdf Opens a new email message document in the Web browser with the address president whitehouse gov where the message will be sent Most Web browsers support the mailto command enabling email to be sent from a Web browser Opens a WAIS session This URL includes a query for a list of WAIS servers Directory Service and file links to a specific locally mounted files such as a PDF link to a file Some Web browsers also sup port the passing of commands via a URL Netscape Navigator 2 x for example displays a wealth of information about a docu ment if about document is entered as the URL 182 Chapter 7 7 1 12 7 1 13 7 2 Not
327. redundant image data from a PDF file resulting in a smaller PDF file when compared with the unoptimized original optimization Each character of an outline font is represented by sets outline font of equations or vectors that define the outline of the character Outline fonts can be scaled to any size and rotated to any angle passphrase Comparable to pass words however passphrases can contain more than one word Good passphrases like passwords con tain numbers letters and some times symbols PCL or PCL 3 4 5 Hewlett Packard s Printer Control Lan guage an Escape Code printer language PCL 5 has more capabili ties than the previous PCL versions pdfmark Inserted in PostScript lan guage files to represent PDF fea tures Pdfmark is converted to PDF navigational and interactive objects when the PostScript file is convert ed to a PDF file PDFViewer The Plug in or applet that exchanges information between a Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browser and an Acrobat view er PDX files Portable Document Index Files of indexed PDF doc uments by Acrobat Catalog or third party PDX compliant index ing applications PDX files may be opened and searched by the Acro bat Search Plug in PICT A graphic file format com monly used for line art and photo graphic quality images and graphics plug ins Add on software that expand extend or alter the feature set built into an application
328. results in much smaller PDF files The on the fly decompression performed by the Acrobat viewer has no significant affect on performance Choose to compress text and line art for all PDF files to be published on the Internet Note Acrobat Distiller compresses text and line art with ZIP com pression or LZW compression for Acrobat 2 1 compatibility 128 Chapter 5 Downsample or subsample color grayscale and monochrome images Downsampling reduces the size of an image by averaging the pixel color or sample area with a pixel of the averaged color The num ber of pixels averaged together is determined by the defined dpi Subsampling reduces the resolution and therefore the image s size in kilobytes by randomly choosing a pixel in a sample area It then replaces that area with the chosen pixel Compared to downsampling subsampling requires significantly less time to process the same image For most PDF files to be published on the Internet Distiller s fac tory set 72 dpi downsampling option works well Downsample monochrome images to 300 dpi Downsampling is generally a better option when converting image heavy PostScript files unless processing time is a concern Printing color graphics and images downsampled to 72 dpi on a 300 or even 600 dpi printer will result in satisfactory results Documents intended to be printed at high resolutions should not be downsampled or should be downsampled to the intended print le
329. rib applications xpdf 0 3 tar gz and mirrors The source code and Linux binary are also available from ftp sunsite unc edu pub Linux X11 xapps graphics viewers xpdf 0 3 tar gz and mirrors derekn ece cmu edu http www ece cmu edu afs ece usr derekn home page html Other Sites of Interest PDF Viewers for NEXTSTEP computers can be found at ftp peanuts leo org pub comp platforms next Text apps PDF File Applications Utilities and Application Specific Plug ins 289 10 7 10 7 1 10 7 2 10 7 3 10 7 4 PDF File Applications Utilities and Application Specific Plug ins Adobe and other developers have created a wide variety of appli cations utilities and application specific plug ins to expand or enhance the process and interaction of PDF files with other soft ware Most of the items described are available free or as share ware requiring a modest payment for the use of the software Adobe Fetch PDF Plug in This update enables Fetch to catalog PDF files Available for free download from Adobe s Web site at http www adobe com Illustrator 5 5 PDF Plug in Enables Adobe Illustrator 5 5 Macintosh only to read and write to the Acrobat PDF file format Adobe Illustrator version 6 0 and above includes the Plug in Available for free download from Adobe s Web site at http www adobe com PDF2PS A Perl script that converts PDF to PostScript is available at ftp peanuts leo org pub comp plat
330. rint a page that requires more printer memory than is installed in your printer Platform Macintosh All Macintosh Macintosh Solution The machine that created the document uses Apple versions of Helvetica or Times which contain different character kerning information information about the spac ing between characters than the Adobe versions of Helvetica or Times installed with the Acrobat viewers More information is available from the Adobe FaxY 4401 A number of problems can cause your printer not to print 1 The printer is not switched on 2 The printer is not con nected to your computer correctly 3 The printer is broken and 4 The printer is not selected with the Chooser Macintosh ore information is available from the Adobe FaxYl 4400 Upgrade your printer to a Personal LaserWriter NT The version of the PostScript language interpreter installed in the Personal LaserWriter NT cannot print the Multiple Master fonts used by Exchange and Reader to substitute for onts not installed on a system Contact an Apple dealer for Personal LaserWriter upgrade information ore information is available from the Adobe FaxY1 4400 Either purchase more memory for your printer or reduce the amount of printer memory required to print the document The best solution is to purchase more printer memory Have at least four megabytes of printer memory to print Acrobat documents More information is available
331. riter 26 2 1 6 Adobe Acrobat Catalog 27 2 1 7 Adobe Acrobat Capture 29 2 1 8 Adobe Acrobat Player 30 2 1 9 Adobe Acrobat Plug ins 31 2 2 What is the Portable Document Format 32 2 3 Strengths of PDF as an Internet Publishable 34 File Format 2 3 1 Integrated with Web Browsers 34 2 3 2 Optimizing PDF for Web Browser Viewing 35 2 3 3 PDF File Sizes and Page on Demand Download Times B6 2 3 4 Compatible with Server Software 39 2 3 5 Backward and Forward Compatibility of Viewers and Bo Files 2 3 6 Interactivity and Linking AO 2 3 7 Searching PDF Files 40 2 3 8 Security and PDF File Protection 42 2 3 9 Extending the Capabilities of PDF Files and Software 42 2 3 10 PDF Is an Easy to Create Publishable File Format 43 2 3 11 The Look of a PDF File 44 Contents 381 2 4 Where to Get Adobe Acrobat Software 45 3 Selecting Content Strategies Sources 47 Formats and Service D 3 1 Content Development Strategies 48 3 1 1 Concurrent Publishing of Content for Multiple Media 51 3 1 2 Complementing Print Based Publishing with PDF 55 3 1 3 PDF Only Content Development 58 3 1 4 Integrating HTML with PDF Files 59 3 2 Content Formats PDF or HTML 64 3 2 1 PDF or HTML by Application Type 66 3 2 2 PDF or HTML by Document Creation Stages 69 3 2 3 PDF or HTML Document Type vi 3 2 4 PDF or HTML by Document Activity and Items 7 3 3 2 5 PDF or HTML by Design Attributes 75 3 2 6 PDF or HTML No Easy Conclusion 78 3 3 Content Service 79 3
332. rlier the font data is dispersed throughout in the PDF file Distiller writes the embedded font data into the PDF as it is encountered Acrobat 3 0 s optimized files required for page on demand downloading from the Web place basic font table information in the first few lines of the PDF file s data These font tables provide Adobe Type Manager with enough information to mimic the weight and height of the font used After the rest of the text graph ics navigation and interactive objects and images are downloaded and cached by the Web browser the embedded font data is down loaded Once all the embedded font data is downloaded the Acrobat viewer s in line helper application updates the substituted fonts with the actual fonts referred to as font blitting Once downloaded the font data often the largest part of a PDF file is cached and accessable by other pages of the same PDF file that uses the same font Cached font data is not usable by other PDF files even if they use the same font Note Open PDF in a text editor to see how Acrobat orders the font text graphic and image information in either optimized or non optimized PDF files Appendix H Setting Options in Distiller s Startup Directory 327 H Appendix H Setting Options in Distiller s Startup Directory Apply custom modifications to a specific PostScript or EPS file before conversion by editing the startup script These modifica tions can alte
333. rn how to select a PPD file Select the Acrobat Distiller PPD Macintosh or ACRODIST PPD PC UNIX The Acrobat Distiller PPD ACRODIST PPD is in the Xtras folder within the Acrobat directory The Acrobat PPD includes special filtering to enhance PDF quality when converted by Acrobat Distiller Using other PPD files rather than the Acrobat PPD may affect the PDF differently Using a black and white PPD file results in black and white PDF files color elements are converted to grayscale PPDs also may be configured for a specific paper size print order or color correction Printing a PostScript Language File to Disk With a PostScript printer driver and the Acrobat Distiller PPD ACRODIST PPD file selected choose the print command from the creator application to select the option to save as a PostScript file Within the PostScript print dialog box indicate the document pages to be saved as a PostScript file generally the default is all Generating PostScript Files 121 pages Next choose the option to save the PostScript language file to the hard disk Depending on system software creator application and the selected printer driver a number of other Item Options Description File format PostScript Writes the file to a PostScript file format EPS with preview grades Select Encapsulated PostScript file which produces a file intended for embedding into other files Font inclusion None Includes none of the fonts in
334. robat this book provides the infor Chapter 1 mation necessary to determine how best to serve content as Portable Document Format PDF files or as Hypertext Markup Language HTML files Many of today s Internet sites created using HTML are ineffective and could benefit dramatically from the addition and integration of PDF files Internet Publishing with Acrobat provides the knowledge a publisher needs to seam lessly integrate PDF and HTML files at both the document and site wide levels The efficient exposition of technical informa tion often compactly in tables or figures will help the Internet publisher determine the most appropriate Acrobat tool to create compelling PDF files for various document types The combination of detailed technical information and content development solutions will answer questions while opening up new content publishing possibilities Rather than recycling and repeating the information found in the numerous tutorials user guides books magazine articles and online discussion groups that focus on using Adobe Acrobat this book concentrates on what the publisher needs to know to devel op content for the Internet If you are new to Acrobat you ll find yourself referring back to Adobe s documentation and user guides If you have limited experience working with HTML files you may want to take a tutorial in HTML markup before delving into some of the more complex information found in later chap
335. roubleshooting for Adobe Illustrator Adobe 260 PageMaker and Microsoft Word Table 9 3 1 Troubleshooting PostScript to PDF File 262 Conversion Table 9 4 1 5xx Status Code Server Errors 264 Table 9 4 2 4xx Status Code Client Errors 2651 Table 9 5 1 Troubleshooting NCSA Mosaic 2 0 and 266 Netscape Navigator 1 1N Table 9 6 1 Hardware Compatibility Issues and 267 Workarounds Table 10 6 1 Zeon Corporation s DocuComp Family of 2851 Software by Class Table 10 66 2 Aladdin GhostScript Availability by Platform 287 and Operating System Table 10 6 3 xpdf Availability by Operating System 288 Table A 1 1 Web Server Software B03 TableG 7 1 Font Processing by Acrobat Distiller B23 Programs All Versions PDF PDF Acknowledgments Harvey Alcabes Ken Anderson Rob Babcock Rick Brown Richard Cohn John Dawes Pam Deziel Christopher Hunt James C King Terry Kerth Pete Koolish Liz McQuarrie Sally Phillips Kevin Wandryk and Bob Wulff all at Adobe Systems worked with me during the research stages of this book and later as Acrobat 3 0 was being developed They answered questions and provided information about Acrobat 3 0 and PDE Jena Yankovich provided the Acrobat 3 0 software crucial to completing this book Throughout the project Tim Bienz and Gary Cosmini provided technical review support and Chris Warnock worked on many Web specific technical issues These Adobe employees increased the technical accuracy of the b
336. rs Distiller s watched folders and Acrobat Distiller for new PostScript files m Launches Distiller when PostScript files are dragged and 26 Chapter 2 dropped on the Distiller Assistant program icon Windows which then converts the file to a PDF file Platform Operating System 680x0 Macintosh and Power Macintosh Macintosh OS 7 x PCA Windows 3 x Windows 95 Windows NT 3 5 4 x 1 Not compatible with QuickDraw GX 2 Distiller Assistant 2 1 is available for Windows 3 1 and Windows 95 Distiller Assistant 2 1 is not available for Macintosh 2 1 5 Adobe Acrobat PDFWriter PDFWriter is a print driver level converter that converts a cre ator application s files directly to the PDF file format without first converting the file to a PostScript file Rather than sending a document to a printer it can be sent to Acrobat PDFWriter to create a PDF file Note PDF Writer outputs bitmap previews not the true EPS file when used in a file and converted to PDF by PDFWriter Bitmap previews are substantially lower in quality than the true EPS files For higher output quality use Distiller to convert files that include EPS graphics What is Adobe Acrobat 27 Internet publishers should use Distiller rather than PDFWriter when converting files to PDF files to allow the greatest degree of control over the PDF conversion process When total control over all PDF conversion features is unimpor tant PDFWriter is a u
337. rs to navigate a document more easily Additionally this nav igation lets publishers call attention to sections of a page by opening specific pages or zooming in on a specific area A link or bookmark can be set to open a specified page within the same PDF document The destination page can be assigned a view Fit Page Fit Visible etc or magnification 25 100 etc Clicking a link not only opens the destination page but dis plays the page at the defined view of the link Links and bookmarks set to other pages use the same Go To View action in their Handler Information pop up menu To set anoth er page to be opened by the action and optionally another mag nification move to the target page select the desired or default magnification and click the Set Action or Set Link button Import Form Data Action The Import Form Data action imports and populates a PDF file with form data from a FDF file With Acrobat 3 0 Web publish ers can use relative links to import form data A better alternative 168 Chapter 7 for importing form data into a PDF file is the Submit Form Data option which imports data as either FDF or HTML from the script or application s response See Section 8 9 2 Populating PDF Forms with FDF files for more details about populating PDFs with the Submit Data action Note The Import Data action is essential for users who want to import form data from locally mounted drives and net
338. rs to populate form fields or exported for later use or processing by a Web server much like the server processes HTML form data GIF Graphic Interchange Format The most common graphic format on the World Wide Web GIFs are compact 8 bit images 256 colors or less which are easily portable across common hardware platforms without conversion Gopher A text based client server information service system for pub lishing information or files and searching databases Most Web browsers include support for Gopher clients grayscale Black and white photo graphic images using any of the 256 gray tones Greeked text Text displayed as gray lines rather than font glyphs numbers letters symbols GUI Graphical User Interface Allows human computer interac tion via pointing to and clicking icons menus and via drag and drop procedures HTML A subset of SGML HTML is the coding language used to create hypertext documents published on the World Wide Web and other media HTTP A transmission protocol used by Web servers and Web browser clients that allows the transmission of hypertext documents such as those found on the World Wide Web between a HTTP client and an HTTP server hypertext Text which is also a link that when selected displays other files or information related to the original word or phrase incremental update saves Changes and additions to the PDF file are Glossary 295
339. rt of the page is displayed as it is downloaded Note The PDF file being served must be optimized otherwise the whole file will be downloaded before it can be viewed Byte range service is either built into the Web server software or retrofitted to other server software with the addition of a byte service CGI script The script written in Perl is available for DOS and UNIX based servers The CGI script is included with Acrobat 3 0 it also may be downloaded from the Adobe Web site at http www adobe com Note WebSTAR a MacOS Web server plans to support byte range requests by integrating the functionality into the server software through a plug in rather than supporting the byteserver CGI script Configuring Web Servers for PDF Files 241 8 2 3 The server sees the byte ranges requested in the HTTP_ REQUEST_RANGE environment variable The syntax for these requests appears as Range bytes 0 100 The returned bytes from the server are a multi part MIME response with the 206 status code This status code indicates that partial content is being returned by the server Generally the service of PDF files via scripts is less secure than requesting file transfers via FTP The CGI byteserver script as of this writing doesn t support the server security restrictions such as password or IP access limitations If the script can open the PDF file it will return the requested file bytes Note For more information ab
340. rticle threads extracting pages etc Table 7 11 1 Security Optio Be sure to note somewhere in the document perhaps a note on the first page that this feature has been disabled otherwise the file may appear to be broken 2 Does not include text RC4 is a proprietary algorithm of RSA Data Security RC4 is a variable key size symmetric stream cipher and is 10 or more times as fast as DES Data Encryption Standard DES is the cipher that was defined and endorsed by the U S government in 1977 as an official standard Compared to other data protection schemes RC4 is one of the more secure algorithms used to pro tect documents 7 11 4 Security Option Size Adding a security password to PDF adds only a couple hundred bytes to the file size 226 Chapter 7 7 11 5 7 12 7 12 1 Changing Security Options If the PDF file is secured with an owner password it must be entered before any security options can be changed Set the secu rity options including passwords and save the file thereby replacing the old file See also Section 6 1 6 Checking Secur ity Open Preferences Open preferences applied to a PDF file in Acrobat Exchange defines the PDF file s initial view window options and interface options A PDF file can be configured with none some or all three of the open preferences described below Initial View Options The Initial view defines the page number
341. rver can support thousands of road warriors For some companies or documents there may be more than one version of a document versions in different languages with or without cost figures and versions in color or black and white Note Adobe s PrintMill see http www adobe com provides desk top printing features from within the PrintMill browser interface to print documents from an application directly to a URL A file also can be sent to printers and other print services available via an intranet or the Internet Using PDF on an Intranet Many organizations are creating internal networks or intranets which use Web server software and Web browsers as client soft ware The platform independent intranet solution is less costly than proprietary network software and increases the usability of published documents through a single simple interface PDF is excellent for exchanging documents and publications within a closed intranet site Serving PDF files on intranets com bines the geographical access of the Internet the cross platform benefits of HTML and PDF graphic integrity corporate brand ing and the simplicity of printing PDF to paper Intranet users can customize PDF files and Acrobat software to suit their needs with the use of plug ins Exchange is required for extensive plug in use The extensible PDF file format allows Content Service 83 3 3 3 corporations to easily write plug ins that meet spec
342. s appendix lists and annotates the basic features of the Web based indexing software products that support PDF files as of this book s press date Contact the companies directly for the most recent detailed information about software capabilities features and platform availability B 1 Cascade Systems Inc MediaSphere amp MediaSphere W3 MediaSphere W3 allows Web browser clients to conduct queries using English language phrases through natural language key words and Boolean searches Search results ranks relevancy by color displays part of the caption the query terms that were found and an icon that indicates the file type e g PDF JPEG etc A checkbox is also displayed that uses MediaSphere s Re cycle action which helps a user refine a search by presenting a list of the most relevant terms extracted from the selected entries in the search results list The Lightbox view displays a thumbnail Appendix B Internet Searching and Indexing 305 B 2 of the search results list along with the caption or the beginning of text if it is a text or PDF file MediaSphere W3 is an extension of MediaSphere a multimedia library archive system that fully integrates Adobe Acrobat It can be configured to operate with a Macintosh co processor to assist in the automatic creation of PDF files from popular Macintosh applications such as QuarkXPress These pages are automatically indexed and stored along with the native la
343. s back to the previously selected printer driver m PDF PDF Converting PostScript Files to PDF Files Optimal use of Acrobat Distiller s job options results in PDF files with the high onscreen quality and quick Internet download times A wealth of information on preparing PostScript files and using Acrobat Distiller is available in the Acrobat Distiller Online Guide This chapter covers the basic steps in the PostScript file generation process and focuses on using Acrobat Distiller to convert PostScript files to PDF files for Internet publishing When converting a PostScript file to a PDF file consider the following items to ensure that the resulting PDF file is well suited to be published on the Internet m Always use the Acrobat Distiller PPD file when printing to a PostScript file Use Distiller s default job options and examine the resulting PDF file After examining the quality of the resulting PDF file adjust the job options if nec essary 118 Chapter 5 For an image heavy document try the highest compression levels and work backward reducing the level of compres sion until the image quality is satisfactory for the standard magnifications at which the images will be displayed Convert a text rich file first with font embedding on then with it off Remove the fonts used in the document from the computer on which the file is being viewed and com pare the quality and rendering speed of the substituted fo
344. s have been announced although not finalized as of this writing For current develop ments read the press releases at http www adobe com Content Formats PDF or HTML Based on a content development strategy the next step is to select the appropriate file format for publishing the content The tables in the following sections help identify which types of documents and their attendant features are best published in either PDF or HTML Some of the issues that should be considered before making a decision are as follows m The application being used to develop the content see Table 3 2 1 Application Type Content Formats PDF or HTML 65 m The content source s stage of development see Table 3 2 2 Document Creation Stages m The document s type see Table 3 2 3 Document Type m The intended use of the document and its interactive and navigational objects see Table 3 2 4 Document Activity and File Format Elements m Existing design features see Table 3 2 5 Design Attributes m Other considerations that focus on the audience and the publisher rather than the content itself For repurposed content use the tables to identify whether the document is best published in HTML or PDF The tables also can be used to help identify which design modifications interactive and navigational objects and other considerations will make the selected file format as usable and
345. s well A document s type based on design and the way content is presented both physical ly and the author s tone and writing style are underlying fea tures that aid or add noise to communication Some of these features can be represented accurately in the HTML file format other features require a PDF file s visual richness to preserve the document and its message 72 Chapter 3 Best with HTML Documents that work best with HTML either have no defining formal structure or can be represented well with HTML design features For example email messages are MIME encoded ASCII text and are commonly devoid of design elements ASCII art and attached images enhance the message but are not required to facilitate understanding Email messages however share a common organization that includes the recipient s name and address sender date subject of the message the message itself and a closing Some messages can include and optionally display URLs an attached file information about the pathway and the server the message was sent through etc The design require ments and organization common to email messages make them work best when published as HTML files Publishing email mes sages in PDF yields no advantages over HTML Other documents have similar organizational requirements but with slightly greater design requirements Memos basic letters simple reports and other miscellaneous text based documents combine
346. s where users can download Acrobat viewers Don t serve a PDF file as a home page The first page a user logs onto if entering a general URL for example http www adobe com Test the PDF file links Consider using a Web site manage ment application such as Adobe SiteMill to manage the links within the site and out to other sites Search enable large PDF files Secure the server and if necessary secure the individual PDF files Client and server level security present more flexibility and security over files Watched Directories over the Internet With the growing dependence on intranets and the Internet as a means of disseminating information Distiller can be configured to convert PostScript files to PDF files that come from authorized users or anyone with access to a watched directory Acrobat Distiller can identify watched directories on an Internet server Distiller also can monitor the directories for changes Users can access Distiller s In directory through a publicly accessible FTP upload directory e g an incoming directory or via HTTP file Configuring Web Servers for PDF Files 237 upload see the Netscape HTTP File Upload Tutorial at http home netscape com When a file is uploaded to the moni tored folder Distiller converts the file if it can be converted to a PDF file and deposits the converted file in the Out directory To enable users to retrieve the converted files ensure th
347. se detailing specific issues in depth or to generate a document that contains graph ics selected from a catalog with an accompanying caption in a selected language may be more practical than a more free form document The level of customizable features seems to be reset with the number of input options available to the user The resources needed to create a dynamic PDF page the PDF language specifications Acrobat Exchange and a C program ming language compiler are publicly available Generating PDF files on the fly requires only some programming ability Note See the dynamic PDF page example at http www best com dglazer adobe to see how PDF HTML forms and the C compil er can be used to generate dynamic PDF files based on user input Creating PDF On the Fly Another solution for dynamic PDF generation although not specifically Web based is to programmatically load RTF or MIF files into an appropriate application e g Microsoft Word or Adobe FrameMaker and convert to PDF using Acrobat Dis tiller PDF PDF Troubleshooting This chapter has been arranged to follow the logical progression in using Acro bat software from installing the software to viewing PDF on the Internet This chapter contains listings of only the most common problems and their solutions Many of the answers to these commonly asked problems questions come from the Adobe technical support archives The tables outline the problem
348. see the Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat Acrobat Reader also supports a special class of plug ins config ured specifically for use with the Reader These plug ins extend the capabilities of Reader and the PDF files they open Because Reader is for reading PDF files not for making changes to PDF What is Adobe Acrobat 19 Platform 680x0 Macintosh and Power Macintosh PC UNIX Operating System Macintosh OS 7 x Windows 3 x Windows 95 Windows NT 3 5 4 x OS 2 DOS Acrobat 1 0 only SunOS 4 1 3 Sun Solaris 2 3 2 4 2 5 Hewlett Packard UX 9 03 SGI IRIX 5 3 6 2 AIX 4 1 iTable 2 1 2 Acrobat Reader Availability by Platform and Operating System i Note Support and availability of new Acrobat Reader versions for older operating systems typically diminishes with the support for and use of those systems files most plug ins are programmed for Exchange which is used to make changes to PDF files One exception is the Forms Plug in which when installed enables the user to interact and add data to form fields although the changes cannot be saved More information on Acrobat plug ins can be found later in this chap ter and in Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins See Adobe s Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat for a list of plug ins that work with the free Acrobat Reader Acrobat Reader widely distributed through many channels allows users to view PDF documents without
349. seful alternative to Distiller PDFWriter yields satisfactory results for memos reports and other text based documents For these documents PDFWriter is much faster and more convenient to use than Distiller while still pro ducing high quality PDF files Platform Operating System 680x0 Macintosh and Power Macintosh Macintosh OS 7 x PC Windows 3 x Windows 95 2 1 6 Windows NT 3 5 4 x Adobe Acrobat Catalog Acrobat Catalog generates indices of PDF documents and saves these indices as index definition files identified by their PDX filename extension With the Search Plug in installed users can search one or more index definition files with Reader or Exchange The Search Plug in supports common keywords and free text searches allows multiple term Boolean queries and can find phonetic matches related terms or items near a term or word 28 Chapter 2 Catalog is a useful tool for managing a large number of PDF files Unfortunately it has limited use on the Internet Catalog can gen erate indices of PDF files on an Internet site but the Search Plug in cannot access indices over the Internet Only locally mounted volumes hard drives LANs WANs or CD ROMs may be searched Additionally the free Reader doesn t include the Search Plug in It is however included with the retail version of Adobe Acrobat As a result only Exchange users or Reader users with the Search Plug in may search a locally mounted
350. ssible when communicating Limit the bandwidth required to download PDF files by making them as small as possible during design and creation As a courtesy to all users especially those with unreliable or low bandwidth connections indicate the approximate per page file size for page on demand downloading and the num ber of pages in the PDF file FTP and Gopher servers should indicate the total number of pages in the PDF file Most server software displays the PDF file size in the Gopher or FTP index Note Listing the number of pages is crucial Users may not be inclined to download a 550 kilobyte file but may be inclined to download a 85 page 500 kilobyte file Assigning Icons to PDF Files For Web sites use an Acrobat PDF file icon to indicate that the object s action opens a PDF file Adobe has a number of PDF file icons in various sizes that are freely available for use in HTML documents The icons can be found on the Adobe Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat Whenever possible use the PDF file icon in Gopher or FTP directory indices Processing PDF Forms Data 251 8 9 8 9 1 Note Enter PDF File in the PDF file icon image source tag e g alt PDF File as some users may not choose to load graphics or may use software that doesn t allow in line graphics Processing PDF Forms Data Acrobat 3 0 introduces the capability to submit form data to a Web server This form data can be e
351. st modifica tions can be accomplished with Distiller Content Source Paper documents and files Creator Application Design for both PDF and other media Acrobat Print Driver Converter CD ROM Writer etc Conversion Printin to PDF to othe Published on Paper Internet Server CD ROM etc Internet Figure 3 1 1 Concurrent Content Development Pubti odel Content Development Strategies 53 Web savvy PDF files that offer the user a full range of interactive and navigational objects bookmarks hyperlinks notes etc can be as rich as PDF files published on other media e g CD ROM intranets and removable media have very small file sizes and fit well within a Web browser s document window To automate the addition of PDF s interactive and navigational objects which make interacting and viewing the file more compelling the source file can be encoded with tags called pdfmarks When converted to a PDF file with Acrobat Distiller pdfmarks are con verted to navigational and interactive objects such as links notes bookmarks and more The pdfmarks are inserted in files with a PDF savvy creator application or by hand Most commercial pub lishing creator applications support pdfmark to some degree See Section 4 3 PDF Savvy Creator Applications for more infor mation on the capabilities of these applications For information on manually inserting pdfmarks and pdfmark in general refer to
352. sting a Local Base URL and World Wide Web Link 186 Actions with an Acrobat Compatible Web Browser 7 2 3 Testing a Local Base URL and World Wide Web Link 186 Actions with a Non PDF Savvy Web Browser 73 Setting Page Actions 187 74 Links 187 7 4 1 Link Sizes 188 7 4 2 Link Appearance 189 7 5 Bookmarks 190 7 5 1 Bookmark Appearance 191 7 5 2 Bookmark Sizes 192 7 5 3 Bookmark Organization 193 76 Forms 193 7 6 1 Forms HTML or PDF 386 Contents 7 6 2 Comparing HTML and PDF Form Field Objects 198 7 6 3 Form Data HTML or FDF 205 7 6 4 Form Field Types 205 7 6 5 Form Field Values 209 7 6 6 Form Field Actions 21h 7 6 7 Form Field Sizes 212 7 6 8 Form Field Appearance 213 77 Form Design 214 7 7 1 Designing Forms to be Processed by a Server Script 214 or Application 7 7 2 Designing Forms for Print Use 215 7 Thumbnails 215 7 8 1 Thumbnail Appearance 216 7 8 2 Thumbnail Sizes 216 79 Article Threads 217 7 9 1 Article Appearance 218 7 9 2 Article Sizes 219 7 9 3 Article Themes 219 710 Notes 220 7 10 1 Note Appearance 221 7 10 2 Note Size 221 7 10 3 Note Preferences 222 7 10 4 Note Security 222 7 10 5 Other Note Uses NM IN iW Contents 387 711 PDF Security Options 223 7 11 1 Owner Password 224 7 11 2 Conditional Security Options 224 7 11 3 RSA Data Security Algorithms 224 7 11 4 Security Option Size 225 7 11 5 Changing Security Options 226 712 Open Preferences 226 7 12 1 Initial
353. symbols like most optical character recognition schemes but are maintained as bitmap images so the document can be read and printed Capture then adds its clos est approximation of the word and places invisible text behind the bitmap image so the document can be indexed and searched later by either Acrobat viewer s find command or a search engine The accuracy of text recognition can be adjusted by setting Capture s confidence level which is the level at which it distin guishes text as text or as a bitmapped image Errors in the Capture process can be corrected with Capture s Reviewer Reviewer displays the words Capture missed and edits them Presently Capture doesn t support color graphics so it converts color images into grayscale JPEGs Capture also outputs the files in other file formats such as Microsoft Word ASCII and Rich Text Format RTF 30 Chapter 2 Capture is a separate Acrobat component that can be purchased separately It is not included with the retail version of Adobe Acrobat For occasional conversion of paper documents to PDF files the Acrobat Capture Plug in introduced with Acrobat 3 0 performs the basic task of converting scanned documents to PDF files See Section 2 1 9 Adobe Acrobat Plug ins for more infor mation about the Capture Plug in Note For scanning multi page documents or a large number of doc uments at one time consider using a scanner with an automatic document f
354. t the prior written permission of the publisher Published by Adobe Press Adobe Systems Incorporated Paper Edition ISBN 1 56830 300 9 Paper Edition Library of Congress Catalog No 96 77066 First Digital Mastering September 1996 The information in this book is furnished for informational use only is subject to change without notice and should not be construed as a commitment by Adobe Systems Incorporated Adobe Systems Incorporated assumes no responsibility for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this book The software mentioned in this book is fur nished under license and may only be used or copied in accordance with the terms of such license Contact the software manufacturer directly for terms of software licenses for any software mentioned in this book not originating from Adobe Systems Incorporated PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated Adobe regis tered in the United States and elsewhere PostScript can refer both to the PostScript lan guage as specified by Adobe and to Adobe s implementation of its PostScript language interpreter References in this book to the PostScript language are intended to emphasize Adobe s standard definition of that language Adobe the Adobe Press logo Acrobat Acrobat Capture Acrobat Exchange Acrobat Reader Adobe FrameMaker Adobe Ilustrator Adobe PageMaker Adobe PageMill Adobe Photoshop Adobe SiteMill Distiller Myriad PDFWriter and
355. tch information types Web designers have adopted a number of uses for forms which include entering search requests submitting personal informa tion ordering products and logging in to Web sites PDF forms can be used exactly like HTML forms in every respect See Table 7 6 13 PDF Form Field Types for a listing of the various types of PDF form fields and descriptions of possible uses Forms 207 FileType Use Text field Users enter arbitrary text into the field The field s options allow the entry of passwords and can limit the number of characters a user can enter in the field Useful for a variety of text input from name and password data to the entry of free form comments Combo box Users select a single item from a drop down list Selecting the Sort List option automatically sorts the list items in alphabetical order Useful when the user must choose just one selection from a list e g choosing one s favorite color or payment option The pop up feature requires less area in the form than the list box For long lists more than six items use a list box List box Users select an item from a displayed list of items Selecting the Sort List option automatical y sorts the list items in alphabetical order Useful for longer lists where a user may choose from a number of items in the list Button Used to perform a selected option or chain of actions See Section 7 6 6 Form Field Actions or the list o
356. ted on comput ers that don t have the font installed 4 Only one body text font and point size can be chosen for a document 7 10 4 Note Security A PDF document can be configured to prevent users from adding or changing notes in a document This does not include the capability to open and close a note window Another secur ity option is available that can prevent others from making changes in a document however it does not prevent the adding or altering of notes See Section 7 11 2 Conditional Security Options for more details on note security options PDF Security Options 223 7 10 5 Other Note Uses The note window has creative implications beyond its use as message containers Use Description Set form field buttons over When a user s mouse enters a text area using the form mouse enter action the areas with the mouse Show Hide action displays a note providing just in time help and other con Enter Leave form action to ext specific information When the user s mouse leaves the field area by using show or hide a note he mouse Leave form action the note is hidden Progressive disclosure Use notes to cover sections of a document with a text message to close the note Close Me to progressively disclose points Layered notes Layer notes for similar progressive disclosure of information Hides links that require Use an open note to cover media file action instructing the user to download specia
357. ter 7 7 2 3 If the volume WWW _Site on which the file is mounted has another name replace Hard Drive with the name of the volume m For PC Users the base URL to WWW Site is file CIWWW_Site Use instead of a colon If WWW Site is on a different letter drive or named vol ume replace the C drive with the correct letter or volume name Testing a Local Base URL and World Wide Web Link Actions with an Acrobat Compatible Web Browser Launch an Acrobat compatible Web browser and open an HTML or PDF file within the WWW__Site directory folder Click the World Wide Web Link actions in the PDF files to engage the integrated viewing of PDF files HTML files and other file types to test the action and base URL Testing a Local Base URL and World Wide Web Link Actions with a Non PDF Savvy Web Browser Launch an Acrobat 2 1 or earlier compatible browser one that supports the Weblink Plug in but not progressive rendering within a Web browser s document window Open a PDF file within the WWW_Site directory folder with an Acrobat viewer Click the object by using the World Wide Web Link action in the PDF files to test the links and base URL Links 187 73 Setting Page Actions Individual PDF pages can be set to perform one or more actions when opened or closed by a user see Section 7 1 Actions Use these page actions to perform multimedia like actions Some of these multimedia like actions can i
358. tering it Table 7 6 16 Field Properties Actions 212 Chapter 7 7 6 7 Form Field Sizes A form field value title text and some interface features are not compressed unlike text in the body of the PDF file Each of the form fields or other object in a document adds a few bytes to the overall size of the PDF file Imported form field button icons also add to the PDF file size although these images and graphics are often compressed For print only use forms fields don t need export values Only the real values or field states checked checkbox selected list item print To keep the size of online only forms as small as possible espe cially if the default form data changes often populate PDF forms with FDF data after the file has been read into an Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browser document window Entering the data directly in the form fields or populating fields with the default values and saving this data with the PDF file makes the size of the PDF file unnecessarily large To populate the form with the default data use a trigger or other interface feature to import the FDF data into the form when the user opens the page or clicks a particular form field see Section 7 3 Setting Page Actions This approach keeps PDF files that use forms both as small as possible there s no data in the form fields and flexible only the FDF files need updating which can be generated on the fly by a scr
359. ternet The design of each visual component should indicate as clearly as possible the link s action Navigational objects are recognized by their apparent function buttons are pressed areas of a picture or hypertext are clicked HTML files often use colored underlined text as a hypertext cue Likewise graphics and images are sometimes displayed with a colored border a cue that they are links In a PDF file naviga tional objects on a page added with Acrobat Exchange or PDF savvy creator applications are limited to rectangular hot spots These hot spots are indicated with a colored or transparent bor der in three varying line widths and in two styles dotted or solid A wide range of navigational objects can be created by combining transparent hot spots with visual components during the design stage which greatly expands the navigational design possibilities Designing PDF Documents for the Web 95 The goal of document interface design is a document that is eas ily navigated by as many users as possible Here other resources focusing on document interface design will prove useful as a PDF publication is designed Within the parameters of Internet pub lishing with Acrobat particular navigational cues and their actions require advanced planning to maximize the opportuni ty to reach this goal PDF file navigation occurs at the viewer level and at the individ ual document level In every PDF file the Acrobat viewer
360. the PostScript file All Select None if Distiller will have access to the fonts used in the file All but Standard 13 Select All But Standard 13 if Distiller doesn t have access to the fonts used in the file All but fonts in PPD PostScript Level PostScript Level 1 Writes the PostScript file in one of the two PostScript language versions PostScript Level 2 Select PostScript Level 2 which supports more features advantageous to PDF files Data mode ASCII Encodes the PostScript file in one of two data modes Binary Select binary which reduces the PostScript file s size by 20 or more Table 5 1 1 Common Printer Driver Options l By definition EPS files cannot contain more than a single page 2 Acrobat installs the standard 13 fonts plus one other with all Acrobat viewers Distiller never embeds these fonts in PDF files so they may be used liberally Use this option if TrueType fonts are used in the document 3 This depends on the types of elements in the document that is saved as a PostScript file Note PostScript errors can include illegal instructions corrupt code or extraneous data used for specific printers that Distiller cannot convert To troubleshoot PostScript errors 1 Generate the PostScript file again if the error still exists 2 switch printer drivers and try again If the problem still exists 3 switch PPDs and try again and finally 4 break down the file by page and then by page element to id
361. the bookmark column Note Whenever possible collapse all bookmarks to the first top most hierarchical level Collapsed bookmark hierarchies load faster in Acrobat 3 0 viewers not all subordinate bookmarks are loaded Additionally the bookmark structure of the document is easier to read on smaller screens 7 5 2 Bookmark Sizes The title text of a bookmark is not compressed unlike text in the body of the PDF file Additionally each bookmark itself or other objects in a document adds a few bytes to the overall PDF file size Title Text Action Destination Size in bytes Description Untitled None 192 Links to a location none Adobe s Home Page _ http www adobe com 284 World Wide Web Link action to Adobe WWW site via a Web browser Untitled Fit Height 220 Fits the height of the page in the destination window same page Introduction Opens to page 2 fit page 224 Opens to page 2 of the PDF file then sets view to Fit Page Table 7 5 1 Bookmark Sizes Forms 193 7 5 3 Bookmark Organization Use bookmarks to organize the topics content and structure of a PDF document Bookmarks are flexible enough to serve as an electronic version of the table of contents or they can provide quick access to illustrations and other key pages and items with in the document Theme Description Arrange bookmarks hierarchically Common outline Arrange by contents importance Bookmarks link to content areas of significa
362. the extracted page sections see Section 6 2 1 Inserting Deleting Extracting and Replacing Document Pages Replacing pages adds flexibility to continually changing Internet documents without the need to edit and update the interactive and navigational structure When a page is replaced the page s interactive and navigational objects remain Resize or delete objects that no longer correspond to the replaced page s design A page s interactive and navigational objects are inserted extracted duplicated or moved with the page Ensure that the objects have an action Replicate any page changes made with Exchange in the creator appli cations file to ensure a correct master file N Inserting pages into a PDF file that uses subset fonts can add the font data from the inserted pages resulting in a larger PDF file than anticipated Inserting pages by converting PostScript files together by using the RunFile procedure see Appendix H Setting Options in Distiller s Startup Directory can result in smaller PDF files Extraction saves the extracted pages as a separate file entitled Pages from the original file Save any extracted pages before closing or the new document is deleted Downloading a multi page document s subsequent pages may result in faster downloads because font data and redundant images and graphics often the largest part of a PDF document already may be cached In effect breaking a multi page do
363. thin the same document window depending on the Web browser and platform Opening the PDF file loads the Acrobat viewer s toolbar and the PDF file functions normally within the browser Within a frameset PDF files retain their interactive and naviga tional features allowing publishers to define frames that display both HTML or other file formats with PDF files Users may interact with any of the documents displayed in the framesets Note Depending on the PDF file s frame some of the toolbar but tons may be hidden from view 64 Chapter 3 3 2 Dynamic Generation Integration at a higher level uses scripts and applets on the serv er side it includes databases to generate user specific content from queries form data and other user information HTML or PDF form fields filled in by a user are processed by CGI scripts or other applications running on the Web server see Section 7 6 Forms Query results take the form of either PDF or HTML files or with some Acrobat compatible search engines a keyword search opens a PDF document which highlights the matching term Scripts and other applications process user input into HTML tables generate graphic data as PDF files or generate entirely customized PDF files based on data that users input For information on setting actions that link PDF files to CGI scripts see Section 7 1 11 World Wide Web Link Actions Plans to embed Java applets within PDF file
364. ting your Preferences File Preferences General then Page Layout Each chapter has an entire article thread that runs the chapter length When you pass the cursor over the text area of the page you will see a small arrow with the hand icon of the cursor Clicking within the page area zooms in on the text area Just keep clicking to thread your way from page to page When you reach the end of the chapter Acrobat will return you to where you began the thread If you are jumping around the book using links from the index or table of contents clicking within the page area begins the thread on THAT page not the beginning of the chapter but will continue until the end So if you want only to view a certain page click within the text area read what you want then click on the Fit Page in Window or any other zoom feature to escape the thread Even on larger monitors the article thread will maximize legibility If you want to advance pages without invoking the article threads then use the page up or page down key on your keyboard All links are set toa Fit Page in Window zoom level except this page which is Fit Width in Window This page is repeated as the very last page of the book Each entry in the Index is linked to Fit Page in Window and a detail Table of HTML PDF Contents is linked to Fit Page in Window as Well If you have the CD version PDF HTML of this book try using Acrobat dynamic Search capibilities Fi
365. tional Security Options Server security commonly limits access by username and passphrase or password or by the user IP address or both Server Security Options for Protecting PDF Files Server security options can be engaged to prevent unauthorized users from accessing specified directories on a server These secu rity options are detailed in the server s documentation The most common way to limit user access is by Internet Protocol IP addresses Here access to a directory or site is denied except to a few IP addresses and the users connecting from those address es For most servers this is accomplished by placing a config ured htaccess file in the secured directory Another option is to require users who are connecting to the server to enter a prede fined username and password or passphrase Only by entering the correct username and password combination is access al lowed to the site or directory Securing Individual PDF Files on a Server Upon gaining authorized access to a directory of PDF files the PDF files in the directory can be configured to require a pass word or passphrase for access to the file The files also can be configured to limit the actions a user can take with the file by set ting the file s conditional security options The two tiered security options provided by the server and indi vidual PDF files allow a custom approach to security that is not possible with other file types This ap
366. to generate PDF files dynamically These non Web server and distribution strategies offer additional publishing opportunities alone or in conjunction with Web publishing efforts Using This Book Put this book near your computer Undoubtedly you ll refer to it as you create design edit and prepare to publish PDF files on the Internet Use this book before you choose a page size for example or refer to it after you ve sent your completed docu ment to the printer and now want to publish it on the Web You Chapter 1 may want to keep this book with your favorite book on HTML a book on Java your server s user manual or some design books all within easy reach The best way to use this book is in conjunction with the Acrobat user guide The user guide includes much of the how to infor mation youll need to perform the actions referred to in this book In many cases actual sections of the user guide are repli cated so you can quickly find solutions Also the user guide has non Internet publishing related information how tos and trou bleshooting that may prove useful when creating converting and publishing PDF files with Acrobat The tasks and concepts involved in Internet publishing with Acrobat borrow from a number of disciplines You should refer to a good book or tutorial on HTML if you haven t published many HTML files Knowing the basics of HTML will help you better integrate HTML with PDF files For additiona
367. tomatically generated according to the settings selected in the Options dialog box m xMake Bookmarks turns a range of text into bookmarks in one easy step Select the text to be processed and click the xMake Bookmarks button on the Acrobat toolbar Bookmarks are automatically generated according to the settings chosen in the Options dialog box A good suite of tools for publishers creating documents to be published on the Internet Some tools require the xTools Plug in to be installed on the user s system 276 Roosevelt Way San Francisco CA 94114 1432 Tel 415 986 1773 Fax 415 626 3359 mguthrie aol com AppleLink XMAN RD Appendix J Acrobat Related Creator Application Plug ins 351 J 1 Appendix J Acrobat Related Creator Application Plug ins Cascade Systems Inc Cascade Systems Quark XTensions Cascade Systems offers a series of four QuarkXPress XTensions Story Threads allows setup and automation of article threads from Quark pages to PDF Picture Compression overrides Quark picture compression attributes and replaces them with Acrobat Distiller prefer ences Setting Annotations within Quark allows users to set up objects within a Quark document and have them automati cally carry through to PDF Bookmarks enables users to set up bookmarks within a Quark document and automatically carry them through to PDF files A must for any Internet publishers creating documents using QuarkXPress Cal
368. ts 15 appearance 1914192 a organizing 193 overview and creation 1904191 L sizes 192 supported by FrameMaker 109 supported by PageMaker 107 supported by Ventura Publisher iia view option for 227 browsers interapplication communication PDF integration with 3435 problems with 266 World Wide Web Link actions and 5 buttons See also interactive and navi gational objects actions and 163 form field type and values 103 graphic cues for 971 Acrobat case sensitivity server errors andy 2651 Catalog 27 29 See also Acrobat CCITT compression 130 CGI scripts See also scripts in adding form fields 102 base URLs and 183 in Web server configuration Zapa CIE 1931 153 color See also graphics color management systems ESA Tsi H as common Web design element DO designating hypertext links 04 evaluating 1464148 in form fields 21 3i integrity PDF files and 44 printing and display problems with 268 print vs Web requirements 54 366 Index combo boxes 103 204 205 211 Commission International de lEclairage 1931 1153 Common Gateway Interface scripts See CGI scripts eomipaED nity Distiller options for iL IEN file size reduction and e compression cautions for 248 Distiller options for 127 131 image color saturation and quality and 146 4147 content creating applications for See cre ator applications design development a
369. ts also is explained in detail Using This Book 11 1 2 3 Chapter 6 Fine Tuning PDF Documents How to check the PDE file an make changes to whole pages or portions of text In addition learn how to examine images font usage and other PDF elements with an eye to decreasing bandwidth without sac rificing quality Dawe he best methods for getting the most out of PDF doc uments on the Internet by adding interactive and navigational enrichments to PDF documents rae servers FTP Gopher and HTTP to sone serve PDF files Includes a section on how to serve progressively rendered PDF files and how to download page at a time optimized PDF files most common user errors in a with Acrobat and Acrobat related software a seriaees and Acrobat resources in and for almost every medium It even provides information about how to subscribe to reference materials Appendices The appendices include summaries from relevant Adobe techni cal notes not included with Adobe s software documentation These appendices provide information that is of particular rele vance to many of the concepts found in this book The full text of the summarized technical documents can be found on the 12 Chapter 1 ae of Web servers that support the new page on demand down loading and progressive rendering of Acrobat 3 0 PDF files gee ie lists and annotates server based indexing and search software that supports the PDF f
370. ts of this type to printers Adobe drivers can however be set up to never download fonts When a PostScript language file is created with this setting a indfont error occurs and Courier is used Some non Adobe non ISO Latin 1 fonts are programmed incorrectly and the Distiller processes them as ISO Latin 1 fonts You can work around this problem by setting up the Distiller to always embed problematic non Adobe non ISO Latin 1 fonts When the driver is set up to create synthetic Type 1 fonts for TrueType fonts it creates bitmapped Type 3 fonts or the TrueType font sizes that have an em dash narrower than 16 points Distiller 1 0 does not handle correctly synthetic Type 1 fonts created by the PostScript driver for Windows Characters appearing in the original document may be lost in the resulting PDF file Always set up the PostScript driver for Windows either to substitute an available Type 1 font for TrueType fonts or to create bitmapped Type 3 fonts for TrueType fonts The PostScript driver downloads a TrueType rasterizer if the printer has 3M or more of memory Otherwise the driver uses the outlines of the TrueType characters to create a synthetic Type 1 font Even when the PostScript driver is set up to never download fonts it downloads synthetic Type 1 fonts created for TrueType fonts 326 Appendices G 6 Where the Font Is Embedded In a non optimized PDF file created with Distiller or PDFWriter versions 2 1 or ea
371. ublish ing all documents as both PDF and HTML files Serve HTML duplications of PDF files not PDF duplications of HTML files To determine which content is best served as a PDF file and which is best served as HTML see Section 3 2 Content Formats PDF or HTML It is crucial that duplicated files contain the same information because users may read the HTML version of the file online and download the PDF file for archival or print purposes 62 Chapter 3 Note The process of developing a duplicate document is specific to each document A number of PDF savvy creator applications see Section 4 3 PDF Savvy Creator Applications are capable of pub lishing files as both HTML and PDF files allowing greater control over the content its version and final file format For existing PDF files use the file as a master and extract the document s text as a full Rich Text Format export of the PDF file with the OLE Plug in see Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins and mark up the RTF export Copy and paste images and graphics between a PDF viewer and a GIF compatible application saving the clipboard contents as GIF files or JPEGs Summarization Summarization presents the user with an executive summary synopsis or abstract of the PDF document in HTML These summaries provide the user with a link to the complete PDF file or specific pages or page areas of the file If interested in the entire document users can view eit
372. ublishers Adobe Acrobat s internet capabilities have opened a whole new world for internet publish ing by allowing a choice of file formats for certain kinds of content With Acrobat 3 0 and it s native file format PDF internet publishers now have a range of options available for their publishing program From in line PDFs to book length files to the amazing PDF savvy Web browsers Acrobat 3 0 is unique in its ability to work alongside of HTML to provide value to any Internet project Internet Publishing with Acrobat is your key to this new world Internet Publishing with Acrobat does not advocate PDF over HTML Rather it advocates choosing the proper file format for the content being published In order to make that decision you need information on PDF and Adobe Acrobat 3 0 Internet Publishing with Acrobat is a reference work designed expressly for quick access to technical material with an emphasis on tables and matrices Besides an in depth chapter on troubleshooting a full Appendix and countless cross references and URLs for further research Internet Publishing with Acrobat includes among other topics m Optimizing PDF for Web viewing m PDF forms m Integrating HTML and PDF Security algorithms m Selecting PDF page dimensions Configuring Web servers for PDF a PDF file evaluation m Embedded PDFs m Setting links to PDFs and URLs m PDF creation techniques Gordon Kent is a writer educator and information technologist Mr Kent
373. ublishers are able to choose the correct application for the job 16 Chapter 2 2 1 m An overview of the Portable Document Format including its history core technology and its future is discussed m Interactive and navigational objects found in well designed and constructed PDF files are identified and defined An understanding of these objects is key especially for publish ers new to Acrobat m Issues of PDF file compatibility with Web browsers and server software is addressed Backward compatibility of the file format and software and describing what makes the PDF file format an open extendible publishing standard and why that s important also is explained m This chapter addresses a number of Internet born concerns about the PDF file format including viewing PDF files secu rity options bandwidth use and new indexing strategies This chapter also provides information on platform operating system and language availability for all the Acrobat applications Detailed information is provided on where publishers can get Adobe software and plug ins and third party software that either extends or mirrors the capabilities of Acrobat software What is Adobe Acrobat The Adobe Acrobat family of software is a suite of electronic pub lishing tools Used together Acrobat comprises a complete elec tronic publishing system that can be used individually or in any combination to match the diverse needs of el
374. ult in warnings or error messages that confuse or anger users Additionally as the Portable Document Format evolves users must upgrade their Acrobat viewers to remain current with what the files have to offer The recom mended design and etiquette solutions help make users more receptive to the presentation of the information and make better use of the published content on a Web site Acrobat Viewer Sources Where appropriate provide links to locations where users can download PDF viewers Adobe allows free distribution of the Acrobat Reader on removable media and the Internet Web sites that distribute Acrobat viewers rather than linking to Adobe dis tribution sites should distribute the most current viewers The Adobe Web site has Get Acrobat Now buttons for use on Web pages These buttons link back to Adobe s central Acrobat 3 0 Reader distribution site Either link directly to Adobe s FTP site at ftp ftp adobe com and open the Acrobat directory or link to the Acrobat product page on the World Wide Web at http www adobe com acrobat Adobe makes available graphical buttons for use on Web sites that serve PDF files Check the Acrobat product page for the most up to date graphics 250 Chapter 8 8 8 2 8 8 3 Additionally provide links to download locations for Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browsers wherever appropriate File Size A general rule of Internet etiquette is to use as little bandwidth as po
375. uments that share commonalties Dynamically generated links generated from a query posted to a search engine share commonalties based on the query Documents that are retrieved based on a query may match the common keyword phrase or topic searched for and may match to some degree or may not match at all Web sites are constantly evolving as more corporations add Web sites for their brands in addition to information about their com panies Content has been growing steadily in depth appropriate ness for the medium and with increased interactivity PDF publishing on the Web and on other Internet servers expands this trend by offering interactive documents well suited for the Internet from a much wider range of content sources including new and repurposed content The Web site centers around goals of quick and focused information access and information dis semination organized by corporate communications profession als information professionals and individuals To reach these goals alternative content service options have been developed Content Service 81 3 3 1 Using PDF Files on On Demand Print Servers Some documents are designed to be read only on a computer monitor screen Other documents are designed for viewing and printing and still others are designed strictly for printing PDF files print independently of the printer type or its resolution thereby enabling a PDF file to be printed on almost every type of
376. unching Reader or Adobe FaxY 4456 Exchange to display the PDF file When selecting a PDF file link on an All Configure Netscape to use Reader or Internet server Netscape 1 1N displays a Exchange as a helper application prompt to download the PDF file rather More information is available from the than launching Reader 2 1 or earlier or Adobe FaxY 7423 Acrobat Exchange 2 1 or earlier to dis play the PDF file Table 9 5 1 Troubleshooting NCSA Mosaic 2 0 and Netscape Navigator 1 1N g Troubleshooting the Display and Printing of PDF Documents with an Acrobat Viewer Compatibility issues between Acrobat software and certain hard ware or software combinations can cause certain PDF functions to fail or function abnormally Refer to the Table 9 6 1 the Acrobat user guide and the Adobe Acrobat Web site for detailed descriptions of noted compatibility issues and workarounds Troubleshooting the Display and Printing of PDF Documents with an Acrobat Viewer 267 Problem Documents with Helvetica or Times cre ated on a Macintosh display and print differently on other machines but look fine on the machine that created the file The Adobe Acrobat software is installed and can open and view PDF documents but cannot print Acrobat documents will not print on a Personal LaserWriter NT printer The printer stops printing before an entire document has printed This prob lem happens when you try to p
377. unshackles your creativity from Web specific publishing applications and allows you to use the almost limit less design capabilities of to day s powerful print publishing software If an appli cation can print it can be used to create compelling content for the Web The World Wide Web introduced most people to Adobe Acrobat and PDF files and still does Early in the growth of the Web Adobe recognized the value of Acrobat and PDF files as a solution for publishing visually complex information on the Internet PDF files exhibit a number of characteristics that make them well suited for the Internet m They are cross platform binary files requiring no translation or conversion when moved among popular platforms such as Windows Macintosh UNIX and other operating systems Introduction m PDF files are surprisingly compact in file size for the amount of visual and contextual content they contain m They support text graphics and other media formats m PDF files are interactive and navigable To encourage the use of PDF files on the Internet Adobe regis tered the PDF file type as a standard file type like JPEG graph ics and HTML files for use on the Internet Adobe published the specification so that others could develop software that uti lized the PDF technology With this evolution of the Acrobat technology a Web browser could be configured to automatically launch the freely available Acrobat Reader as a helper
378. ure similar to the Movie Plug in from Adobe Additionally epPlus adds a marker tool for free form annotation and painting of PDF pages often used for revision marking Producers epDriver Similar to PDFWriter epDriver is a printer driver used to convert documents to PDF from virtually any appli cation Table 10 6 1 Zeon Corporation s DocuComp Family of Software by Class Zeon Corporation 1 F 34 Alley 4 Lane 69 Section 5 Ming Shen E Road Taipei Taiwan Telephone 886 2 766 9840 FAX 886 2 760 0355 http www zeon com tw 3whome zeon com tw 10 6 2 GhostScript GhostScript by Aladdin Enterprises is a PostScript language in terpreter that enables the viewing and printing of PDF files as well as PostScript language files GhostScript cannot be used to interact with or navigate PDF files 286 Chapter 10 GhostScript 3 33 includes support for PDF 1 1 files with the exception of encrypted PDF files GhostScript also can convert a PDF file to PostScript which allows printing to PostScript and PostScript compatible printers GhostScript 4 0 includes ps2pdf a PostScript to PDF conversion utility See Aladdin s Web site for more information on the capa bilities and platform availability of PostScript and the ps2pdf conversion utility Aladdin Enterprises P O Box 60264 Palo Alto CA 94306 Telephone 415 322 0103 Fax 415 322 1734 ghost aladdin com http www cs wisc e
379. user s search list when opened The AutoIndex Plug in must be installed To associate an index with a document open the PDF document and choose File gt Document Info gt Index Select the index to be associated with the document and click OK Opening the file adds the selected index to the user s search list Users can then search this index without explicitly adding it The index is removed from the search list when the user quits the Acrobat viewer AutoIndex is useful for those publishers who wish to serve indices on hybrid CD ROM Websites through the Search Plug Appendix I Acrobat Plug ins 337 in AutoIndex is part of the Acrobat 3 0 retail package and is available for free download from Adobe s Acrobat Web site at http www adobe com acrobat OLE and MacOLE Macintosh Windows The OLE Plug in enables Acrobat Exchange and Reader to act as an OLE server to view PDF documents embedded in other OLE enabled container applications PDF documents can be incorporated into other documents cre ated by OLE 1 0 or OLE 2 0 container application Container applications allow data from other applications to be incorporat ed within their documents For example a brochure created in PageMaker on a Macintosh and converted to PDF can be embed ded within a Lotus Notes database and viewed by someone on a PC running Microsoft Windows An excellent feature for intranet publishers using Lotus Notes Available for
380. vel at most Note Most Macintosh monitors display a maximum of 72 to 75 dpi Windows and UNIX monitors display 96 dpi To squeeze a few extra kilobytes from the file try downsampling color or grayscale images to 70 dpi or a slightly lower Drop monochrome images down to 270 to save a few kilobytes Be sure to view the file s images to see if the below recommended com pression settings significantly affect the quality of the images Using Acrobat Distiller 129 Automatic compression The automatic compression options work well in most cases Increase the compression settings which switches to manual compression to squeeze a few extra kilobytes from the file Note For detailed information about which compression algorithm is used for various types of images refer to Using Automatic Compression in the Distiller 3 0 Online Guide Manual compression With the manual compression option color grayscale and monochrome images can be compressed via a specific algorithm Various compression algorithms affect individual images and whole documents differently Experiment to discover which con figuration offers the best image quality with the smallest file size Also consider the time required to draw the image on the screen Compression Type Application Description JPEG Lossy Color or grayscale JPEG is a cross platform photographic file format images 8 16 and designed by the Joint Photographers Expert Group 2
381. vie Plug in flattens the media file the original file may be over written or saved with another name to preserve the original When a user positions the cursor over a link that uses the Movie action the cursor icon changes to a movie frame to represent its action Clicking opens the media file in the document window or in a modeless window If the path to the media file has been bro ken a dialog box will open in which the media file or another media file may be selected for playback with the properties set for the movie link regardless of the media file selected None Interactive and navigational objects that use the None action maintain all the attributes of objects that have actions includ ing changes in appearance when clicked Bookmarks with no assigned actions function as spacers notes or headings Select a single bookmark and choose Edit gt Properties and select None Objects with an assigned action of None do nothing when clicked by a user Open File Action Links bookmarks pages form fields and buttons can all be set to open another PDF or other file types To open specific URLs including PDF files on other sites or to open other Web based file formats known as absolute URLs which contain the trans port protocol site name path and filename use the World Wide Web Link action For PDF files that will be served on the Web use the World Wide Web Link action which allows the most efficient method
382. vity Forms High resolution printing Frames Form population Java applets PDF files do not support frames but can be the target of a frame 2 Support for Java has been announced browser specific design attributes not supported by either cre ator applications or PDF viewers For repurposed content a printed document s design attributes can almost always be preserved in a PDF file Through enhancing some attributes such as converting the document s table of contents to bookmarks or removing other attributes such as page numbers and footers the result is a more useful electronic document When creating original content to be published as PDF files take advantage of special formatting attributes found only in PDF which increase legibility and contribute to visually rich docu ments Avoid relying on these attributes when creating documents to be published as HTML files or as both PDF and HTML files Content Development Strategies 77 Table 3 2 5 Design Attributes includes many attributes that are found in PDF and not in HTML Shared attributes in which one file format does a better job than the other or where an attribute deserves special attention are noted The table below describes only design elements found in either PDF or HTML Features found in neither PDF or HTML are not listed nor are features found in both Consult the list to help decide if a partic ular layout technique
383. wer as a helper application to view the PDF file Downloads the HTML file pdf_sw html Opens the file list for the Adobe FTP site in HTML If the PDF file is not optimized or the Web browser is not Acrobat 3 0 sawvy or if the file is not a PDF file and can be rendered in line the browser will download the file completely and launch a helper application to open the file The URL syntax for byte serving a PDF file located at http www servername com path pdf_file pdf uses the script byte server pl A Perl script would be http www servername com cgi bin byteserver path pdf_file pdf Note PDF files presently not byte served but available on the Web that use base URLs can be globally changed by modifying the PDF files base URLs to reflect the path through the cgi bin directo ry and byte server script Actions 179 Setting World Wide Web Link actions to CGI scripts Set a World Wide Web Link action to a CGI common gateway interface script by entering the URL of the CGI script together with the data that the CGI script will process Data a lt search part gt combined with the URL is processed by the CGI script See RFC 1738 on Uniform Resource Locators at ftp ds inter nic net rfc rcf1738 txt A result is issued commonly in HTML but it could be configured to respond with a Forms Data Format FDF file based on the submitted data Note that the data submitted to the script
384. with the URL is not dynamic but embedded in the PDF file s object s action and cannot be altered by the user Since World Wide Web Link actions to CGI scripts are static they work best with CGI scripts that don t require data to process a result or those which take data submitted with the URL If the script requires dynamic input from the user either a PDF or HTML form often works best See Section 7 6 Forms for more information on submitting user entered data for processing For on the fly generation of information based on dynamic factors such as a counter that displays the number of users who have accessed a site HTML works best Although it is possible to generate PDF dynamically see Section 8 13 Dynamic PDF 180 Chapter 7 URL Data Type Result http search yahoo com p Adobe Acrobat HTML based search Displays in HTML all matching bin search p engine links to the requested terms Adobe Acrobat http www hotwired com 175 115 Imagemap Opens a URL corresponding to cgi bin users imagemap the area clicked in the Tools Maps front map 175 imagemap 115 http www fedex com cgi trk_num PVD000 Proprietary search Accesses a database to find the bin track_it trk_num PVD 000 amp dest_cntry engine requested airbill number 000000 amp dest_cntry U S A U S A http quote pathfinder co NASDAQ ADBE Proprietary search Accesses a database of stock m money quote qc NAS engine quotes and gen
385. works or when working off line To import data simply select the FDF file to import to the form Movie Action The Movie Plug in adds the capability to play back movie files in a defined area of the PDF document or in a modeless floating window within an Acrobat viewer or Acrobat 3 0 compatible Web browser Supported movie formats include QuickTime Macintosh and Windows and AVI Windows only Choose the QuickTime movie format which when flattened provides the most cross platform compatibility The Movie Plug in available with the full retail version of Acrobat and from the Adobe Web site at http www adobe com acrobat is required for playback of media files To play the movie files Windows users need Apple s QuickTime 2 0 or later or the Microsoft Video for Windows soft ware Macintosh users need QuickTime 2 0 or later No additional helper applications are required for movie playback Movie actions open and play an external movie file Setting a Movie action and selecting a file for playback does not copy the movie s data into the PDF file Acrobat 3 0 doesn t support the streaming of video data for real time playback over the Internet Actions 169 As a result the movie file designated in the Movie action must be entirely downloaded before playback begins Movies are added easily by using the movie tool or by selecting Tools gt Movie Select playback options for the movie in the Properties dialog box
386. x 371 interactive and navigational objects See also articles bookmarks but tons forms links notes thumb nails actions for See actions base URLs and SHB designing navigational objects overview 16 1162 eee communication PDF file suitability for 2 5 protocols World Wide Web Link actions and 180 4182 servers See servers intranets PDF on re J JPEG compression 129 L links See T interactive and naviga tional Eo b43 hyperlinks See hyperlinks hypertext links See hypertext links overview and creation 187 4188 PDF files to HTML files 246 size 188 supported by FrameMaker 109 iii supported by PageMaker 108 supported by Ventura Publisher 4 World Wide Web Link actions See World Wide Web an actions mailto World Wide Web ace action syntax o R menu items AAIR ie executing 165 372 Index Meta2PDF 358 1281130 Mosale 266 See aa servers pee file ea for 69 Multiple Master fonts 131 See also fonts Multipurpose Internet Mail SPORRE N navigational objects See interactive and navigational objects Netscape See also servers Internet Server News World Wd we Link action syntax for 181 None action 170 notes See also interactive and naviga tional objects appearance and placement 221 hiding 220 preference options for 222 security for 222 size 221 supported by FrameMaker 1110 supported by PageMake
387. xTools 1 1 Macintosh Some xMan Software Suite of tools that manage links Windows 3 x and add custom objects Windows 95 Optimizing PDF Files for the World Wide Web 233 7 14 7 14 1 Optimizing PDF Files for the World Wide Web A PDF file may contain redundant images Optimizing a PDF removes unneeded redundant images text and line art from the PDF file The process creates a pointer from each occurrence of the item to its first occurrence in the PDF file Optimization also creates a table entry for each element in a PDF file These elements are ordered sequentially and are chun ked together in page by page blocks Elements listed in a table from a downloaded page are cached and reused if the same ele ment appears in the page and table of another page Note Optimize all PDF files regardless of the intent to publish the PDF files on a World Wide Web site Optimization adds only a few bytes to an average PDF file These optimized PDF files work well on other media e g LANs WANs and CD ROMs to allow con current publication or mixed media publishing efforts Optimization can reduce dramatically PDF file size by removing redundant data Batch Optimization of PDF Files Batch optimize collections of PDF files created with Acrobat Distiller 1 0 2 0 2 1 or 3 0 with Acrobat Exchange 3 0 Choose File gt Batch Optimize and select a directory that contains the PDF files to be optimized The Optimize subd
388. xtensible Through plug ins or updates to Acrobat PDF files can have additional capabilities An example of an extension to the PDF file format is the Movie Plug in which enhances the list of PDF actions to allow publishers to link open and play multimedia files within a PDF document PDF files are flexible They can be represented as binary data or ASCII text PDF files can be updated incrementally or have items removed without corrupting or affecting the file s overall struc tural integrity Strengths of PDF as an Internet Publishable File Format 43 2 3 10 PDF files are dynamic The Acrobat Form Plug in and other third party plug ins for Acrobat permits user input which allows the user to customize content PDF Is an Easy to Create Publishable File Format Generally software packages that can print can create PDF files through a PDF producer application Some applications also have the resident capability to open PDF files e g Adobe Illustrator Transverter Pro GhostView etc Additionally PDF files or portions of a PDF file can be exported or converted to other file formats e g Rich Text Format RTF Encapsulated PostScript EPS PICT etc The Portable Document Format is a published specification maintained by Adobe Systems Adobe holds no trademark to the Portable Document Format or PDF only Adobe s Acrobat software is trademarked Developers can refer to Adobe s Acrobat specification to
389. y downloads and page rendering without sacrificing overall quality and design elements fonts color interactivity and navigation Note Don t use Exchange like a desktop publishing application the PDF file format isn t designed to have major revisions made to it If extensive editing is required make the edits in the creator applica tion s file PDF files can be updated incrementally to replace older pages with modified pages 140 Chapter 6 Item Evaluate Whole file File size in bytes Image quality Embedded fonts Substitute fonts Color Document pages Automatically generated interactive and navigational objects Approximate per page download and rendering time Page count Thumbnails Document information Creator General Info fields etc File name Security settings Color saturation and quality Clarity check for blotchy areas Render time Print quality nclusion Legibility Subsets Substitution quality Legibility Print quality Color matching Dimensions Orientation Page order Actions Attributes color style title text etc Position Location Table 6 1 1 PDF File Evaluation and Modification Checklist 6 1 1 File Size and Approximate Per Page Downloading and Rendering Times After conversion evaluate the resulting size of the PDF file Given the bandwidth capabilities of the average or intended user eval uate the approximate time required to download the f
390. yout files Cascade Systems Incorporated 300 Brickstone Square Andover MA 01810 1435 Telephone 508 749 7000 Fax 508 749 7099 info cascadeinc com http www cascadeinc com Excalibur Technologies Corporation RetrievalWare EFS RetrievalWare EFS is an information management system capable of conducting full text retrieval of PDF files HTML files and number of other word processing and structured document for mats In addition to retrieving information the software can manage perform OCR and create hierarchical modular file rooms for files RetrievalWare EFS is available for Sun SPARC HP 9000 IBM RS 6000 DEC Alpha and Microsoft NT platforms 306 Appendices B 3 Excalibur Technologies Corporation 1921 Gallows Road Suite 200 Vienna VA 22182 Telephone 800 788 7758 Fax 703 761 1990 info excalib com http www xrs com Excite Inc Excite for Web Servers Excite for Web Servers EWS allows users to both search and browse collections of HTML and PDF files as well as several other file formats Search results are ranked by confidence and can be sorted by subject The query by example feature locates other documents that match a preferred found document EWS is available for SunOS Solaris SGI Irix HP UX IBM AIX BSDI and Windows NT platforms Excite Inc 1091 N Shoreline Blvd Mountain View CA 94043 Telephone 415 943 1200 Fax 415 943 1299 http corp excite com

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