Sect 5-Subroutines - Flint Machine Tools, Inc.
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1. KK is the number of repetitions 01 99 L101 This would call or use subroutine number 1 one time L2315 This would call or use subroutine number 23 fifteen times The LNNKK word must be the only word in the block in which it appears with the exception of R parameter definitions G66 and a parenthesis or an asterisk for a comment After a subroutine has been executed it will return to the line where it was called and the program will continue from that line Section 5 Subroutines amp Subprograms 103 Fadal User Manual Ending a Subroutine A subroutine ends with the L word that starts the next subroutine or with an M17 The M17 must be the only word in the block in which it appears The last subroutine in the program MUST have an M17 coded at the end Main Program An M30 marks the end of the subroutine section and the start of the main program An M17 marks the end of the last subprogram which must be on a line before an M30 The M30 must be the only word in the block in which it appears When the operator presses the auto button the control will process the program The control will recognize the existence of subroutines by the L 00 at the beginning of the program The control will then recognize the beginning of the main program by the M30 code When the control is ready to run the line just after the M30 will be the first line to appear on the screen of the pendent When the M30 Is used to end the subroutine section2. M30 END OF SUBROUTINE DEFINITION N7 L101 RO 2 R1 1 CALL SUBROUTINE 1 EXECUTE 1 TIME All R values are modal and are not cleared at the beginning of a program The values are cleared at power on and are zero until they are defined April 2003 Section 5 Subroutines amp Subprograms 107 Fadal User Manual Indefinite Subroutine In some cases a subroutine needs to be repeated an indefinite number of Repetitions times This is accomplished by using a 1 extension at the end of a subroutine call N1 L100 N2 E1 X 45 Y 1 05 N3 G81 G99 RO 1 Z 75 F80 X 5 Y 1 N4 X2 5 N5 G80 N6 Z1 N7 E0 X0 YO N8 G4 P66000 The machine is in the Waiting state spindle amp coolant on N9 M17 N10 M30 N11 G90 GO S10000 E1 X 45 Y 1 05 N12 H1 Z1 M7 N13 L101 1 The 1 extension repeats sub 1 an indefinite number of times N14 M2 Subprograms Subprograms function for the same purpose as a subroutine They can be used instead of subroutines For program editing purposes a program that uses Subroutines is easier to edit The operator can edit both the main and subroutine section of the program without switching to another program Editing a subprogram requires that the operator first switch to the subprogram edit then switch back to the main program The main program must be currently active to execute the program Subprograms are generally used in Format 2 style programs A main program is identified by the use of the M30 code at the end
3. sub 2 is complete it will return here N15 M5 M9 G80 N16 GO G49 G90 Z0 N17 M2 End of the Main program In the auto mode the program will rerun from line N12 Drill and Tap 2 holes using subroutine to define positions N1 01 SAMPLE PROGRAM N2 L100 Define Subroutine 1 N3 X 5 Y 5 N4 X 5 N5 G80 N6 M17 End Subroutine N7 M30 End of Subroutine definition N8 M6 T1 N9 Tool 1 drill N10 GO G90 S3500 M3 E1 XO YO N11 H1 M7 Z 25 Start main program Section 5 Subroutines amp Subprograms 105 Fadal 106 User Manual Drill cycle N12 G81 G99 RO 1 Z 475 F20 N15 L101 Call Subroutine 1 N14 N15 M6 T2 Tool 2 tap N16 GO G90 S600 M3 E1 XO YO N17 H2 M7 2 25 N18 G84 G98 RO 1 Z 5 F600 Q 05 Tap Cycle N19 L101 Call Subroutine N20 M5 M9 N21 GO G49 G90 Z0 N22 EO XO YO N23 M6 T1 N24 M2 e Block N2 uses the L word to identify the beginning of the subroutine e Block N3 through N4 identify the X and Y locations e Block N6 uses M17 to define the end of the subroutine e Block N7 uses M30 to define the end of subroutine definition and the beginning of the main program Upon execution of the program the CNC always begins processing from the first block When the first block contains the L word the CNC examines each following block until the M17 M30 codes are encountered The execution begins with the block following the M30 The example program begins execution from block N8 Block N13 causes program execution from block N2 un
4. Fadal User Manual Section 5 Subroutines amp Subprograms Subroutines Beginning a Subroutine EXAMPLE Calling a Subroutine EXAMPLE April 2003 Subroutines are used for contours hole patterns or any actions that repeat or are used in many locations Typically subroutines will contain only positional moves Feed rates tool changes spindle speeds rotation and other codes are reserved for the main program However most codes can be in a subroutine All user defined subroutines must be at the beginning of the program before the main section of the program Only the O word and comments may be used prior to the first subroutine Subroutines cannot be defined in a subprogram However if the START macro command is used subroutines can be defined in subprograms see Section Eighteen Macros The format of the L word for a subroutine definition is LNNKK NN is the subroutine number 01 89 KK will always be 0O zero zero L0100 or L100 This would define the beginning of subroutine number 1 L25300 This would define the beginning of subroutine number 23 The maximum number allowed for NN is 89 Subprograms 90 99 are used by the control for Fixed subroutines see Section Six Fixed Subroutines The line with the L word that defines the subroutine can only have a parenthesis or an asterisk for a comment No other codes are permitted The format for the subroutine call is LNNKK NN is the subroutine number 01 99
5. an M2 is used to end the program At the end of the program the M2 will cause the program to begin again at the line after the M30 code EXAMPLE N10M17 This marks the end a sub N11 M30 N12 GO G90 S2000 M3 E1 X0 YO End of subroutine section N13 H1 M7 Z 1 Beginning of the Main program N14 L201 Sub 2 one time When sub 2 is complete it will return here N15 M5 M9 G80 104 Section 5 Subroutines amp Subprograms April 2003 Fadal Nesting April 2003 EXAMPLE EXAMPLE User Manual A subroutine may be called for execution from another subroutine This is called subroutine nesting Subroutines may be nested as many as seven deep This means that at some point in a subroutine another subroutine can be called and then from that subroutine another can be called and so forth up to seven times Subroutines cannot be defined in a subprogram However if the START marco command is used subroutines can be defined in subprograms see Section Eighteen Macros N1 01234 SUBROUTINE EXAMPLE PROGRAM N2 L100 This marks the beginning of sub 1 N3 X 5 Y 5 N4 X 5 N5 G80 N6 M17 This marks the end a sub N7 L200 This marks the beginning of sub 2 N8 G81 G99 RO 1 Z 1 F35 N9 L101 Sub 1 is being called from sub 2 Sub 1 is nested inside sub 2 N10 M17 This marks the end a subroutine N11 M30 End of subroutine section N12 GO G90 S2000 M3 E1 X0 YO Beginning of the Main program N13 H1 M7 Z 1 N14 L201 Sub 2 one time When
6. til the M17 is encountered at block N6 After completing the subroutine call the program execution is returned to the next block following the subroutine call N14 Section 5 Subroutines amp Subprograms April 2003 Fadal User Manual Parametric Generalized subroutines can be written with the use of subroutine parameters Programming In a generalized subroutine the numerical value of the A B E F G H J K L M P Q R S T X Y Z words need not be specified directly Values that are to be determined at the time of the subroutine call are specified indirectly by the use of the parametric reference R There are ten parameters RO through R9 X R1 directs the CNC to take the current value of parameter R1 as the value for the X word X R1 directs the CNC to take the negative of the current value of parameter R1 as the value for the X word The values of the parameters are modal They are modified by programming an R word in a line of code For example RO 137 defines the value of parameter RO to 137 This value is used by any RO in the program until it is redefined In the example below subroutine L100 Is a generalized subroutine to create a D pattern Block N7 of the example calls the subroutine with the parameters RO and R1 set to 2 0 and 1 0 respectively EXAMPLE N1 L100 DEFINE SUBROUTINE 1 N2 G1 Y RO FIRST LEG OF D PATTERN N3 G2 X R1 Y R1 J R1 N4 G2 X R1 Y R1 I R1 BACK TO BEGINNING N5 M17 N6
7. which functions like the M2 would in a Format 1 style program The subprogram is identified by using the M99 code at the end The M99 functions as the point to either return to the beginning of the subprogram for a repeat or to return to the line where the subprogram was called Subprograms cannot contain subroutines However a subprogram can be called from a subroutine If START macro command is used subroutines can be defined in subprograms see Section Eighteen Macros EXAMPLE 01 MAIN PROGRAM G90 GO G17 G80 G40 G49 Z0 M6 T1 TOOL 1 S2000 M3 G54 X0 YO 108 Section 5 Subroutines amp Subprograms April 2003 Fadal April 2003 User Manual H1 D1 Z1 M8 G82 G99 RO 1 Z 25 F45 M98 P2 L1 Call subprogram 2 one time This is where the sub returns after execution M5 M9 G80 G90 GO G49 Z0 M6 T2 TOOL 2 G90 GO S2000 M3 G54 x0 YO H2 D2 Z1 M8 G83 G99 RO 1 Z 2 1 F37 Q 5143 M98 P2 L1 Call subprogram 2 one time This is where the sub returns to after execution M5 M9 G80 GO G90 G49 Z0 G59 X0 YO M30 02 SUBPROGRAM FOR HOLE LOCATIONS X2 Y1 X3 Y1 M99 End of subprogram and return to main program Section 5 Subroutines amp Subprograms 109 Fadal User Manual This page intentionally left blank 110 Section 5 Subroutines amp Subprograms April 2003
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