ADAS205: Specific z excitation - process metastable and excited
Contents
1. File Name graph pj Cancel Done Hard copy is activated by the Enable Hard Copy button The File name box then becomes editable If the output graphic file already exits and the Replace button has not been activated a pop up window issues a warning Graphical output is at one selected temperature Make this choice from the list A choice of output graph plotting devices is given in the Device list window Clicking on the required device selects it It appears in the selection window above the Device list window The output text options sub window has the appearance shown below 1 ADAS User manual The Text Output button activates writing to a text output file The file name may be entered in the editable File name box when Text Output is on The default file name paper txt may be set by pressing the button Default file Chap3 05 17 March 2003 name A pop up window issues a warning if the file already exists and the Replace button has not been activated 2 The Contour File button should be activated to write the passing file for use by the diagnostic line ratio program ADAS207 There is no arrangement for permanent storage of such files which reside only in a user s file space and are generally prepared for temporary immediate use Usually in ADAS such temporary passed files reside in the pass directory By default ADAS205 sends the contour fileto lt uid gt adas2. FON Nf o 1 o 1 M CX exc p CX F FS F NaN 3 5 8 With densities N N and the ratios N y N and N N d specified the full equilibrium population densities relative to the ground level population density may be computed Source data The program operates on collections of fundamental rate coefficient data called specific ion files The allowed content organisation and formatting of these files is specified in ADAS data format ADF04 The scope of operation of ADAS205 is determined by the content of the specific ion file processed The minimum content is the ion identification ion effective ion and nuclear charges ionisation potential an ADAS User manual Chap3 05 17 March 2003 indexed energy level and level assignment list a set of temperatures and a set of level to level spontaneous transition probabilities and electron impact Maxwell averaged rate parameters at the specified temperatures Data for upper to lower level only is required Electron impact rate coefficients for both excitation and de excitation are evaluated by interpolation at user selected values from the tabulated rate parameters in the specific ion file Transition rate data is not required for all possible upper lower level pairs but the code checks that there are no untied levels that is without populating or depopulating processes Strict energy ordering is not required in the specific ion file the code re orders as necessary Proton in
3. Let M denote the number of metastable levels and O denote the number of excited levels hereafter called ordinary levels The statistical balance equations take the form o M VGN CoNo NN N Ng i 1 2 j 1 o 1 3 5 1 where the dominant populations excluding the electron density have been taken to the right hand side The C and C are elements of the collisional radiative matrix Em is the charge exchange recombination coefficient from neutral hydrogen to the level i The element C of the collisional radiative matrix is composed as r is the free electron recombination coefficient directly to the level i and q e p C AX 2 Na zi N 9 ji LF J 3 5 2 where Cae and q2 are the rate coefficients for spontaneous transition electron induced collisional transition and proton induced collisional transition respectively e p 1 C A NY aS N a NG 353 j i j i j i is the total loss rate from level i with qi the electron impact ionisation rate coefficient The solution for the ordinary populations is ADAS User manual Chap3 05 17 March 2003 N LG eee N LGN 1 _ CX WG a NUNT 3 54 i l M d exc rec CX S FEON Nt F NNI FON GN where the F cu F zv and F PM are the effective contributions to the excited populations from excitation from the metastables from free electron capture and from charge exchange recombination from neutral hydrogen respectively All these coeffici
4. 0 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 1 55D 02 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 3 10D 02 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 6 20D 02 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 1 55D 03 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 LEVEL 24 EQUILIBRIUM POPULATION NE CM 3 00D 12 00D 13 00D 14 00D 15 1 00D 16 1 00D 17 TE EV 0 1 55D 00 2 60D 42 2 62D 41 2 78D 40 4 55D 39 3 65D 37 2 59D 35 3 10D 00 7 32D 26 7 35D 25 7 68D 24 12D 22 7 32D 21 5 95D 19 6 20D 00 00D 17 01D 16 04D 15 40D 14 7 47D 13 7 01D 11 2 00D 01 2 56D 12 2 57D 11 2 62D 10 3 24D 09 1 37D 07 1 63D 05 3 10D 01 54D 11 55D 10 58D 09 92D 08 7 72D 07 1 01D 04 6 20D 01 6 31D 11 6 32D 10 6 44D 09 7 73D 08 3 00D 06 4 48D 04 1 55D 02 03D 10 03D 09 05D 08 26D 07 4 81D 06 8 61D 04 3 10D 02 9 05D 11 9 07D 10 9 24D 09 11D 07 4 22D 06 8 75D 04 6 20D 02 6 98D 11 99D 10 12D 09 50D 08 3 13D 06 7 34D 04 1 55D 03 4 03D 11 4 04D 10 4 11D 09 4 88D 08 1 69D 06 4 62D 04 Notes ADAS User manual Chap3 05 17 March 2003
5. ABLE INDEX IORD ORDINARY LEVEL INDEX I o NUMBER OF PROTON IMPACT COLLISIONS INCLUDED NUMBER OF FREE ELECTRON RECOMBINATIONS INCLUDED NUMBER OF CHARGE EXCHANGE RECOMBINATIONS INCLUDED 0 Li o NE CM 3 1 0000E 12 1 0000E 13 1 0000E 14 1 0000E 15 1 0000E 16 1 0000E 17 EQUILIBRIUM METASTABLE POPULATION DEPENDENCE ON DENSITY AT TE 1 55E 00 EV 1 80E 04 KELVIN IMET I 1 1 1 0000E 00 1 0000E 00 1 0000E 00 1 0000E 00 1 0000E 00 1 0000E 00 ADAS User manual Chap3 05 17 March 2003 POPULATION DEPENDENCE ON DENSITY AND METASTABLE IORD I 1 2 6 2366E 08 6 2286E 07 6 1504E 06 2 3 1725E 07 1711E 06 1572E 05 3 4 2 2911E 29 2 2918E 28 2 2978E 27 4 5 2 2305E 31 2 2667E 30 2 6227E 29 5 6 4 3778E 31 4 4483E 30 5 1439E 29 6 7 7310E 31 7473E 30 9082E 29 7 8 2 5794E 31 2 6037E 30 2 8431E 29 8 9 2 8873E 37 2 8859E 36 2 8729E 35 9 0 6382E 38 6622E 37 8966E 36 0 1 3 2484E 38 3 2958E 37 3 7583E 36 1 2 7811E 38 7975E 37 9591E 36 2 3 2 6648E 38 2 6892E 37 2 9306E 36 3 4 3370E 38 3441E 37 4154E 36 4 5 7847E 38 7941E 37 8887E 36 5 6 8 3707E 41 8 3244E 40 7 9154E 39 6 7 8 8226E 42 9 0143E 41 0730E 39 7 8 7513E 41 7895E 40 2 1309E 39 8 9 1278E 41 1384E 40 2454E 39 9 20 6963E 41 7120E 40 8702E 39 20 21 3626E 41 3705E 40 4529E 39 21 22 8165E 41 8271E 40 9369E 39 22 23 2 0837E 42 2 0961E 41 2 2256E 40 23 24 2 6022E 42 2 6180E 41 2 7786E 40 FRO CK IO IO kk I IO OK Ik Ok kk KK FOUI
6. ADAS205 Specific z excitation process metastable and excited state populations The program calculates excited state and metastable state populations of a selected ion in a plasma of specified temperatures and densities by drawing on fundamental energy level and rate coefficient data from a specific ion file of type ADF04 Background theory Consider ions X of the element X The adjacent ionisation stages are X and X Let the levels of the ion X be separated into the metastable levels X 2 z indexed by Greek indices and excited levels X ds indexed by Roman indices The collective name metastable states as used here includes the ground state The driving mechanisms considered for populating the excited levels X 5 are excitation from the metastable levels X Pe and recombination from the ground level of the adjacent ion X 2 The dominant population densities of the ions in the plasma are those of the levels X S and X denoted by N p and N respectively They or at least their ratios are assumed known from a dynamical ionisation balance The other dominant population densities in the plasma are the electron density N the proton density N and the neutral hydrogen density N y The excited populations denoted by N are assumed to be in a quasi static equilibrium with respect to the dominant populations The program evaluates the dependence of the excited populations on the dominant populations with this assumption
7. ER OF METASTABLES 1 METASTABLE DETAILS METASTABLE ENERGY LEVEL DESIGNATION INDEX INDEX NUMBER OF TEMPERATURES 10 NUMBER OF DENSITIES RATIOS I o INDEX TEMPERATURES UNITS eV INDEX DENSITIES UNITS cm 3 RATIOS ELECTRON PROTON NEUTRAL HYDROGEN ELECTRON PROTON NH NE N Z 1 N Z 1 1 551D 00 1 551D 00 1 551D 00 1 000D 12 0 000D 00 0 000D 00 0 000D 00 2 3 102D 00 3 102D 00 3 102D 00 2 000D 13 0 000D 00 0 000D 00 0 000D 00 3 6 204D 00 6 204D 00 6 204D 00 3 000D 14 0 000D 00 0 000D 00 0 000D 00 4 2 000D 01 2 000D 01 2 000D 01 4 000D 15 0 000D 00 0 000D 00 0 000D 00 5 3 102D 01 3 102D 01 3 102D 01 5 000D 16 0 000D 00 0 000D 00 0 000D 00 6 6 204D 01 6 204D 01 6 204D 01 6 000D 17 0 000D 00 0 000D 00 0 000D 00 Yi 1 551D 02 1 551D 02 8 3 102D 02 3 102D 02 9 6 204D 02 6 204D 02 204D 02 0 1 551D 03 1 551D 03 551D 03 1 551D 02 3 102D 02 6 1 KEY WARNING TEMPERATURE OUT OF RANGE NOTE NH NE NEUTRAL HYDROGEN DENSITY ELECTRON DENSITY EXTRAPOLATION REQUIRED N Z 1 N Z STAGE ABUNDANCIES PARAMETER NOT USED IN CALCULATIONS se Il PROTON IMPACT COLLISIONS NOT INCLUDED IONIZATION RATES NOT INCLUDED NEUTRAL HYDROGEN CHARGE EXCHANGE NOT INCLUDED FREE ELECTRON RECOMBINATION NOT INCLUDED NE ELECTRON DENSITY TE ELECTRON TEMPERATURE i ENERGY LEVEL INDEX IMET METAST
8. LIBRIUM 1 BWWNHWNHWEANNUWAWNBWEHE UNE O1 4679E 05 2 6104E 04 4 0338E 04 4 9845E 04 8 3507E 26 2 5598E 25 2 7389E 28 8484E 26 2 1252E 27 3 6398E 26 4 3295E 28 9 6527E 27 9646E 28 4466E 26 2 7912E 34 2 8150E 33 3 7877E 35 9 2182E 34 4992E 35 8305E 33 2 3905E 35 9 6000E 34 0721E 35 4391E 33 2 1696E 35 8 7409E 34 2 8917E 35 1668E 33 3 2136E 38 6 5600E 37 9522E 38 3 9242E 37 6 8786E 38 7 8131E 37 2037E 38 6 0693E 37 2931E 38 9 0800E 37 4483E 38 8 2128E 37 2608E 38 1 0936E 36 2 6483E 39 2 9210E 37 2 5451E 39 3 6518E 37 2 2048E 04 0555E 04 4476E 24 4921E 25 9102E 25 6637E 25 4945E 25 1728E 32 2893E 32 5637E 32 7874E 32 6793E 32 3864E 32 1832E 32 0332E 35 6905E 36 3340E 35 2l335E 35 6988E 35 6339E 35 1777E 35 0712E 35 S9T3E 35 POPULATIONS XXx XX AAI kck I IORI IR k k kk dk oe LEVEL 1 EQUILIBRIUM POPULATION NE CM 3 00D 12 00D 13 00D 14 00D 15 00D 16 00D 17 TE EV 1 55D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 3 10D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 6 20D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 2 00D 01 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 3 10D 01 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 00D 00 6 20D 01 00D 00 00D 0
9. PULATION PROGRAM ADAS205 DATE 10 03 99 Ck ckckckckckckckckckck ck ko INPUT COPASE FILE NAME packages adas adas adf04 copsm 1i copsm li_sm o5 dat ION NUCLEAR RECOMBINING IONIZATION POTENTIAL CHARGE 20 ION CHARGE Z1 wave number lt cm 1 gt rydbergs o 5 8 6 1114008 10 1516096 INDEX CONF IGURATION 2S 1 L J ENERGY RELATIVE TO LEVEL 1 ENERGY RELATIVE TO IONISATION POTENTIAL wave number lt cm 1 gt rydbergs wave number lt cm 1 gt rydbergs 1 2s1 2 0 0 5 0 0 0000000 1114008 10 1516096 2 4 2p1l 2 1 0 5 96376 0 8782492 1017632 9 2733604 23 S91 2 4 3 5 956672 8 7178535 1573396 1 4337560 24 5gl 2 4 4 5 956674 8 7178736 157334 1 4337360 INPUT COPASE FILE TEMPERATURES TE TP TH INDEX kelvin eV reduced 1 1 80D 04 1 55D 00 5 00D 02 2 3 60D 04 3 10D 00 1 00D 03 3 7 20D 04 6 20D 00 2 00D 03 4 1 80D 05 1 55D 01 5 00D 03 5 3 60D 05 3 10D 01 1 00D 04 ADAS User manual Chap3 05 17 March 2003 55D 02 10D 02 20D 02 28D 03 10D 03 00D 04 00D 05 00D 05 00D 08 00D 06 80D 06 60D 06 20D 06 80D 09 60D 07 HP Oo o 0 1 WHAIWP WADA WH HN AA PR INPUT COPASE FILE INFORMATION NUMBER OF ELECTRON IMPACT TRANSITIONS 132 NUMBER OF PROTON IMPACT TRANSITIONS NUMBER OF CHARGE EXCHANGE RECOMBINATIONS NUMBER OF FREE ELECTRON RECOMBINATIONS ood ooo METASTABLE INFORMATION NUMBER OF ORDINARY LEVELS 23 NUMB
10. are ignored by ADAS205 Program steps These are summarised in fig 3 5 Figure 3 5 begin Select specific Read and verify Enter user Calculate ion file T Specific ion E data and S population file selections densities repeat repeat Display Select tabular Output tables A graphs lt lt population lt and graphical end graphs output options ADAS User manual Interactive parameter comments The file selection window has the appearance shown below 1 Data root a shows the full pathway to the appropriate data subdirectories Click the Central Data button to insert the default central ADAS pathway to the correct data type The appropriate ADAS data format for input to this program is ADF04 specific ion files Click the User Data button to insert the pathway to your own data Note that your data must be held in a similar file structure to central ADAS but with your identifier replacing the first adas to use this facility 2 The Data root can be edited directly Click the Edit Path Name button first to permit editing Chap3 05 17 March 2003 3 Available sub directories are shown in the large file display window b Scroll bars appear if the number of entries exceed the file display window size 4 Click on a name to select it The selected name appears in the smaller selection window c above the file display
11. duced rates free electron recombination rates and charge exchange recombination rates may only be activated in the code if such data are present in the specific ion file Transition data of these types are identified by a single letter code in the transition data line in the specific ion file The code sorts the transition lines in the specific ion file into the allowed categories Specific ion files can include additional data for the more complex excited state population calculations of code ADAS208 Such additional data if present are ignored by ADAS205 Centrally supported specific ion data collections are archived in partitioned data sets The status of these is described in the appendices Note that ADAS205 can only make use of free electron recombination data from the ground level of the adjacent stage Data from metastable levels of both higher and lower adjacent stages can be present in specific ion files but the code ADAS208 must be used to access them ADAS205 allows inclusion of a simple ionisation rate ECIP approximation from excited levels however a self consistent three body recombination coefficient in detailed balance is not calculated or included Nor is there any correction for higher excited levels not explicitly included in the specific ion file These more complete aspects are handled by the advanced excited population code ADAS208 Extra information which must be present in specific ion files ADFO04 to allow these extensions
12. ecombination Salackicns Edit the procasnsing options data ami press Dome to procend f Cancel Done ADAS User manual Chap3 05 17 March 2003 The output graphic options window has the appearance shown below l 2 l As in the previous window the full pathway to the file being analysed is shown for information Also the Browse comments button is available Click on the Graphics or Text buttons to toggle between sub windows for setting up the graphics output or the text file output Graphical display is activated by the Graphical Output button This will cause a graph to be displayed following completion of this window When graphical display is active an arbitrary title may be entered which appears on the top line of the displayed graph By default graph scaling is adjusted to match the required outputs Press the Explicit Scaling button to allow explicit minima and maxima for the graph axes to be inserted Activating this button makes the minimum and maximum boxes editable ADAS205 OUTPUT OPTIONS Data File Name afs Gcell u adas adas adf04 adast2 mon97 lsitheO dat Browse Comments Select output option settings for display jText W Graphical Output ph Title 1 7 000E 00 eV 2 000E 00 eV Explicit Scaling 3 000E 00 eV X min i Remax i 5 000E 00 eV 7 000E 00 eV Y min co Y max i Select Device Post Script W Enable Hard Copy _ Replace HP PCL HP GL
13. ents depend on density as well as temperature The actual population density of an ordinary level may be obtained from them when the dominant population densities are known The full statistical equilibrium of all the level populations of the ion X that is of metastables as well as ordinary levels relative to metastables may also be obtained from the equations M CN CN N Nir NN pq 3 5 5 Substitution of the quasi equilibrium solution for the ordinary levels eqn 3 5 4 gives o o Y 6 Y 6 Y c G C N N N r NOU Gh o 1 j l i l j l i 1 O NN qn UC oum j l i 3 5 6 Solution of these equations gives an expression for the metastable populations N of the form x exc rec CX N F N F N Nt FON 3 5 7 The effective contributions to the metastable population densities excluding the ground level are expressed relative to the ground population density Note also that a full equilibrium with respect to the adjacent X tl ion population density is not established The ratio N N hi may be specified arbitrarily in establishing actual population densities The metastable to ground fractions in equilibrium if only excitation is included are the F ae Substitution of eqn 3 5 7 in eqn 3 5 4 gives the full statistical equilibrium population densities for the ordinary levels in terms of the ground population density and adjacent ion population density M M N Y POR NN eee gr Y FEO
14. ick on the Edit Table button to open up the table editor The editing operations are as described in the Chap1 00 Note that there is a set of input electron temperatures from the selected file These indicate the safe range of temperatures if extrapolation is to ADAS User manual Chap3 05 17 March 2003 be avoided Note that altering units which must be done with the table edit window activated converts the input values and interprets the output values in the selected units It does not convert output values already typed in Default Temperatures are inserted in the selected units on clicking the appropriate button Note that the ion and neutral hydrogen temperatures are only used if such collisional data is present in the input ADFO04 file 3 The densities table is handled in like manner Note that in this case there are no input density values Thus unit changing only affects the interpretation of the output values created by the user The Ny N and N z N z are only used if neutral hydrogen charge exchange data and free electron recombination data are present in input ADFO04 file These ratio vectors are specified at each electron density so the ratio vectors and electron density vector are of the same length That is a model is specified By contrast the output electron temperatures are independent so that final calculated populations are obtained at points of a two dimensional electron temperature electron density grid 4 The Metastable S
15. pass contour pass ADAS205 OUTPUT OPTIONS Data File Name afs G cell u adas adas adf04 adas 2 mom97_1ls he0 dat Browse Comments Select output option settings for display _ Graphics Text W Text Output _ Replace Default File Name File Name paper1 txt _ Replace Default File Name File Name Vats ipp home u ugs adas pass contour pa METPOP File _ Replace BDofault File Name Fille Rane Vais ipp home u ugs adas pass metpop pas amp Cancel Done 3 The METPOP File button should be activated to write a passing file of metastable population fractions It is of data format ADF11 and can be used in ionisation recombination applications of ADAS4 series programs It goes by default into uid adas pass metpop pass The Graphical output window is shown below 1 The graph has at its foot a Done button and possibly Next and Previous buttons if there is a sequence of graphs to be displayed A Print and Print all button is also present if the Enable Hard Copy button on the previous window was activated 2 Press the Next button to show the next graph in a sequence and the Previous button to show the previous graph 3 Press the Print button to make a hard copy of the currently displayed picture Print all makes a hard copy of all the pictures 4 Pressing the Done button restores the previous Output Options
16. tate Selections button pops up a window indexing all the energy levels Activate the buttons opposite levels which you wish treated as metastables 5 Various processes supplementary to the primary electron excitation collisions and bound bound radiative transitions are activated as desired by clicking on the appropriate buttons Note again these only have an effect if such data is present in the ADFO04 file except for Jonisation rates This activates ionisation out of excited states and is obtained by an internal calculation of these rates in the ECIP approximation Warning ionisation should not be switched on if you have included auto ionising levels in your ADFO0A dataset but have omitted the details of alternative thresholds etc present in advanced ADFO0A files 6 Proton collisions may be present in the ADF04 file If so these rate coefficients may be scaled to represent a mixture of other charged projectiles with a mean Z effective AAS PROCESS ES OPTIONS Titla or gun T Date File Hame f afz Bosll ujadaz ndag adEOd adnztz mosdT Let het dat Browse Comea nbs Buclear Charge 2 Temperatures Hatred aH Hp rogen b BITE AU 1 Bnar d3 PEL T Bb BITE 1 BDHE da Edit Table Edit Table balault Tamporaturas balault Denaltiux 1H3 1 g84 0 0 Probes Impact collisions Scale Peobom Lapact bor Tali Embnr E Elfeckiwe Por Collimicme Tonisation Ratas Waubral H Change Exchange Feos Electron R
17. window ADAS User manual Chap3 05 17 March 2003 E Prawioun Hawt Print Print AMI Done Illustration The output from the program is shown for the lithium like ion O The specific ion file is assembled from the data of Sampson and co workers Figure 3 5a ADAS User manual Chap3 05 17 March 2003 POPULATION DEPENDENCE ON METASTABLES O 5 ELECTRON TEMP 2 00e 01 eV ADAS RELEASE ADAS98 V2 1 PROGRAM ADAS205 V1 8 DATE 10 03 99 TIME 16 44 GRAPH TITLE POPULATION GRAPH INPUT FILE packages adas adas adf04 copsm li copsm li_sm o5 dat 10 2 T T TTTTIT T T TTTTIT T TTTTTTIT Tow Jer RETET T TTTTTTII Level Assignments 7 INDEX DESIGNATION 281 2p1 opt s1 3p1 Sp 3d1 3d1 4s1 4p1 4p1 4d1 4d1 4f1 4f1 5s1 5p1 Bp 5d 5d1 21 5f1 22 5f1 4 23 5g1 24 58i AW OU ore eI ISO No o N N I ee OUUUDOOTOUU 700 NXNINININANOINTNNTNA NOD INIT NI NO NO ND NJ IND S2 cm M PANN SSAA Ed BoUPSasoobuWMPuyasoovoooo2oo QOO 00 OY Ul f GIN OO O C0 E OY UTR GIL ND NESNC 1 ADOO730 A C26 bro oven OODE 10 23 LLLI it itt EE eT Pot LLLI Pot t titty 1012 1015 1014 1015 1016 1017 ELECTRON DENSITY cm The tabular output is shown in table 3 5 Table 3 5 ADAS RELEASE ADAS98 V2 1 PROGRAM ADAS205 V1 8 DATE 10 03 99 TIME 16 44 TABULAR OUTPUT FROM METASTABLE PO
18. window Then its sub directories in turn are displayed in the file display window Ultimately the individual datafiles are presented for selection Datafiles all have the termination dat 5 Once a data file is selected the set of buttons at the bottom of the main window become active 6 Clicking on the Browse Comments button displays any information stored with the selected datafile It is important to use this facility to find out what is broadly available in the dataset The possibility of browsing the comments appears in the subsequent main window also 7 Clicking the Done button moves you forward to the next window Clicking the Cancel button takes you back to the previous window ADAS 205 INPUT Input COPASE Dataset Data Root a is coll u adas adas adf04 User Data jit Path Name adas 2 mom97_1s he0 dat mom97 lsiheO0 dat mom97 lsihel dat mom97 nthel dat Data File Browse Comments Cancel Done The processing options window has the appearance shown below 1 An arbitrary title may be given for the case being processed For information the full pathway to the dataset being analysed is also shown The button Browse comments again allows display of the information field section at the foot of the selected dataset if it exists 2 There are three pop up windows for setting temperatures densities and for designating metastable levels For the temperature window cl
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