C N C Milling Manual
Contents
1. top of table Baseline is the maximum height of cutter above table It is shown as the 0 Z value in the Ab solute coordinates This point is 12 above the table assuming cutter extends 1 5 below collet It should be noted that although the cutter can be retracted 12 above the table the bottom of the gantry is only 10 3 4 above the table Zo is the absolute distance from the baseline to the top of the material lt is set by ogging or mov ing the cutter with the arrows on the computer interface down til it just touches the highest point of the material Zm is the maximum depth of cut lt is set relative to Zo Therefore Zo Zm lt 12 Zm should always give a point slightly above the table e g 0 25 to avoid gouging the table Zup is the plane that the cutter travels in when moving from point to point in the toolpath It should be at least 0 25 above the table 24 CNC MILLING MANUAL 5 References Links 1 UCLA Architecture and Urban Design CNC Milling manual http www aud ucla edu millin 2 Precix Advanced Cutting Technology http www precix com mainpage htm 3 Servo Controller User Manual http www precix com bill 4 Surfcam http www surfcam com 5 Rapid Prototyping Links http www cc utah edu asn8200 rapid html 6 CADCAMCNC Dictionary http microsystemsgeorgia com cnc htm 7 Harvard Graduate School of Design CADCAM http research gsd harvard edu cad2. Ox 0y is located at the corner of the machine nearest to the door of the computer room 0z is at the highest point that the screw will allow the router to go 0x 0y 0z is called the home position 4 1 4 Power The machine is started by turning on the controller blue button This will launch the controller interface through which the servomotors and the router called spindle on the interface can be started The router spindle must also be plugged in at the wall Unplugging it over rides the interface on off and is a safety measure for cutter changes 16 A Y Table File Debug Help CNC MILLING MANUAL 4 1 5 The Controller Interface The interface is a split window with virtually all functions controllable using a pointing device roller ball The left side doesn t change and gives information about the cutter location the origin location a schematic representation of the table in plan view and buttons for moving the machine along the 3 axes manually At the top are 3 menus and 3 buttons only 2 buttons are shown in Position x 0 0000 v 0 0000 2 0 0000 Mfilesfcrt zmdtre qe Job Origin x gt Milesfcr zmatrd qe i i 7 fflescrvemadtr ge mlestertfzmafra qc select Job nles crdrillgc iilestcrisJul_20_16 43 15 gc Add Job filesfcrtfdrill qe Mlestertfrobol255 qc Pelli m filesfertrroboesDf ge a n Joh Output E Debug Machine Setup Co
3. 2 3 3 MEJI ONE MOG saen tinca riales 10 24 NOTONS nn ans ee ee te een 11 3 TOOLPATA CREA TONO ds bs 12 3 1 SA A astra ee Eeenrieeereee 12 32 SUNCA a a a Error Bookmark not defined 3 2 1 MEON ne Tess dada Error Bookmark not defined 3 2 2 o A lensksiits Error Bookmark not defined 3 2 3 TAE 2 ASA MO Si ds Error Bookmark not defined 3 2 4 POCKeE CU A Error Bookmark not defined 3 2 5 GONOUF O E ee ee een A E ET Error Bookmark not defined 3 2 6 VISAS SO O e e os e ini Error Bookmark not defined 3 2 7 ZA ds eto hound o elo La odo ms Error Bookmark not defined 3 2 8 Pl e e e is cut cas e E e aod Error Bookmark not defined 3 2 9 A A TSUSTEN EUEURESOTIEER Error Bookmark not defined 32 10 Operations Manada ee een Error Bookmark not defined O21 A nee Error Bookmark not defined 9212 A a a a Error Bookmark not defined 33 WIS UII a eo Error Bookmark not defined 3 3 1 IMPOrina ING E ae E An Error Bookmark not defined CNC MILLING MANUAL 3 3 2 Setting up the model and material coooccccncccconconccononnnnnnnnnnnonononannnnnnonanonos Error Bookmark not defined 3 3 3 Animaling the tool Pannen ee ende Error Bookmark not defined 3 3 4 A ee ee N NO Error Bookmark not defined 4 USING THE PRECIX CNC MACHINE 0 cccccncssseccnsnsncnsssecnsssenesesensesensseccnsnsnsusssususesenasasenasesenesencnsnsesasss 15 AA General HOW ht WV OEMS inie estas en ee re 15 4 1 1 Structure Ob Ihe IMAGING ass ele
4. If you must leave the machine must be stopped while you are absent Click resume to restart 4 There is very little space around the machine Care should be taken to keep out of the way of the gantry which moves back and forth along the table Be careful when passing another person 5 Keep cursor close to the stop button 6 Keep your hands away from the area where the cutter is working The machine can change direction without warning and travels quickly when not actually cutting 18 CNC T MILLING MANUAL Keep the table of the machine clear of everything except the model being milled Do not use it as a workbench or for storage Keep the part clean of chips and debris If the dust exhaust hose is not attached to the machine the model must be manually vacuumed Take care to keep the hose and your hands out of the way of the cutter If a work piece begins to vibrate or the cutter makes excessive noise stop cutting immediately 10 Make sure that the material to be milled is securely held in place 4 4 3 There is a sign up book in front of the Workshop office Generally we try to handle a job in the morning and one in the afternoon This will vary according to the complexity and size of the job please ask the technician for advice on how be arranged by request As always first priority is given to students working Make sure clamps and fixtures are not in the path of the cutter 1 Before starti
5. series of discreet toolpaths into a single file e g a toolpath to quickly remove unnecessary material plus one or more to clean up the surfaces This is done by posting a Setup rather than the individual toolpath However because the Precix machine has no provision for changing cutters in the middle of a post so multiple toolpaths posted together should have the same cutter 3 2 Toolpath creation strategies Because we are phasing out the use of SurfCAM most toolpaths will be created in VisualMill Creating toolpaths is an involved process and in general can be left up to the technician or student T A However it is worth knowing the main parts of the process and the choices along the way 3 2 1 Creating the material In order to know how much material to cut away and where the program must know the dimensions and location of the block of material relative to the origin 0 0 This is especially important for 3d work So the first step is to 12 CNC MILLING MANUAL define and locate the material This step is made much simpler if the model is located as stipulated in the last section 3 2 2 Selecting the cutter and spindle speed The actual cutting is done with a router bit cutter which is a cylindrical shaft with carbide flutes or teeth which moves through the material while spinning at a high speed usually 18 000 rpm These come in a variety of shapes diameters and lengths For our purposes there are two
6. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE WORKSHOPS University of British Columbia Milling 00 SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE WORKSHOPS CNC Milling Manual Prepared by Nicholas Scott Technician School of Architecture University of British Columbia 402 6333 Memorial Road Vancouver B C Phone 604 822 2810 Fax 604 822 3808 This is an operating manual for the CNC Routing machine at the UBC School of Architecture It is an ongoing project progressing as the facility evolves The CNC MILLING manual produced by the Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Design at UCLA http www aud ucla edu milling provided much initial guidance Screen captures and diagrams from Precix s Servo Controller User Manual were used http www precix com bill manual zip as well CNC MILLING MANUAL CNC MILLING MANUAL TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTROBUCTION od 5 1 1 THE PROCES S ras 5 Ez IRM TOS s 5 2 PIPE PREPARA TON A A aston acd va a a a a a a aA 7 ZA ESIMDAN se a A a tn 7 2 1 1 A ee genen ee eures 7 2 1 2 A EL E E T ete 7 2 1 3 BASEL LE REINER A A AN RETTEN mea NOA E AN EEA E ETNE ESE E AN E IE NEE 8 2 1 4 A 8 2 1 5 A A A E FRGANSERERTEEHENEN 8 2 1 6 Mi A II A O O 8 22 ZOO A A ae ee 9 2 2 1 A A CHARGE REINER A A E 9 2 2 2 LOCATION O ODJECE parti iii 9 2 2 3 Eines and GUWVES Eee A ner Be ee Gai ee a See 9 2 2 4 e ee 9 2 3 SONOS ON Vi a 10 2 3 1 Bores iio O3d MOUS A a a ee oaks 10 2 3 2 There should be no UNdAercuts 00 0 a a nn ann 10
7. am An object with undercuts An object without undercuts 2 3 3 Integrity of the model Care should be taken to insure that the part is watertight 1 e with no gaps between surfaces when seen from the top plan view The machine only works vertically from the top so that completely vertical surfaces or gaps are 10 CNC MILLING MANUAL invisible to it However if a gap has any horizontal dimension then it is visible and can cause problems with machining 2 4 Notations In all cases notation objects such as dimensions and leaders should not be exported from the original CAD file 11 3 Toolpath Creation 3 1 General Surfcam and VisualMill will analyze the 2d or 3d data imported to create toolpaths according to parameters given These are essentially routes for the cutter to follow to mill carve the finished product from the material being used The parameters you stipulate are the size of the material being machined the cutting strategy the size and shape of the cutter and the spacing between passes This toolpath can then be Posted Posting is the final link between the modeling software and the CNC machine It is essentially a text file containing a series of movement commands and a long series of coordinates which let the machine know where it should be and what it should be doing each instant These commands are written in a simple computer language called G code Both programs are capable of posting a
8. ath the table is a controller which is a computer specially configured to control the power to the servomotors and the router by taking the instructions in the Post and translating them in real time into modulations in the electrical current In order to do this the controller uses a special UNIX operating system called QNX When the controller boots up the Precix controller interface automatically loads so that the operating system remains essentially invisible There are a monitor and roller ball input device for setting up jobs and Gantry Router Table Controller CNC MILLING MANUAL changing settings 4 1 2 Holding material The material to be cut can be held in place on the table several ways The machine is equipped with a set of 4 vacuums that create suction on each of the 4 quadrants of the table However this system is underpowered and unless the entire area that the vacuum serves is covered it will not be effective There are 6 cam clamps that connect to T slots in the table These in combination with filler strips of various widths hold very well Care must be taken to ensure that the cutting tool will not hit them If the cutter hits a metal object it could shatter Double sided tape seems to work for very small pieces of material There are various types that should be considered relative to the size and type of the material 4 1 3 Orientation of Axes
9. c aie ieee Esel 15 4 1 2 HON malena rss data di aoe etic a dl age al cels letgitt eee Al aires eat 16 4 1 3 COME NTAUON ORAXES nn en N rake 16 4 1 4 A 16 4 1 5 Me ontroller intentada mercaderias 17 A2 SAO ciel 18 4 2 1 EMS OT ACCESS ara a E A EA AA A O 18 4 2 2 Se QUIENES rie tdo didas 18 AS ACCESS Procedure sia ngrsi 19 AA MIDA Procedure a As ea suse meumuuniout E E AEE E E 20 4 4 1 CUNO OPCE Eee ee er a a 22 4 4 2 SDINGIE SP SCC ora E nelkeiisshiriike 22 4 4 3 PO E ee 22 4 4 4 Calibrating Z levels See diagram on the next paQl occccccccccccconcccnnncconononncnnnnononnnnnnnnnnnononnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnans 23 5 REFHERENGES LINKS cias aiii 25 CNC MILLING MANUAL 1 Introduction 1 1 The Process CNC stands for Computer Numeric Control and is a process of directing the path of a machine using a computer program which issues a series of commands including a list of x y and z coordinates The machine follows the commands and smoothly mills from coordinate to coordinate There are several varieties of CNC machines 7 Lathes 2 5 Axis Milling machines Water Jet and Plasma cutters and Laser cutters Our machine falls roughly into the category of a 3 Axis Milling machine Since it uses a router to do the cutting and milling it can also be called a CNC 3 axis router Although it is possible to write the code needed to operate the machine directly usually in a language called G code it is most commonl
10. cam main html 8 DeskProto articles on Prototyping http www deskproto com download articles htm 9 Techno Isel Primer on CAD CAM CNC _ http www techno isel com Tie CadPrimer htm 25
11. categories of bits end mill or flat ended and ball nose or hemispherical ended Usually the end mills are used for 2d cuts and 3d cuts in which the surfaces are mostly flat and ball nose bits are used for curvy 3d cuts Our bits range in diameter from 1 16 to with lengths from 3 16 to almost 3 In general router bits need to be shorter as they become narrower so as not to break under load For 2d work I try to select the smallest diameter bit that has a length sufficient to cut through the material Usually this means 1 8 or 1 4 This choice will affect the shapes being cut because the machine always leaves a fillet when it makes an inside corner For 3d work I try to select the largest bit that will allow the detail needed to be carved A smaller diameter bit will get into smaller spaces but will be shorter and take longer to mill a given area The spindle speed is usually 18 000 rpm although acrylic should be cut at 12 000 rpm 3 2 3 2d toolpaths For 2d work two toolpaths are most often used Contour is used to cut through the material to extract a shape Pocket is used to cut to a specified depth all the material within a closed polyline The toolpath is offset from the polyline Y the diameter of the bit and directs the bit to cut in a series of passes at increasing depths 13 CNC MILLING MANUAL 3 2 4 3d toolpaths In most cases the first stage of milling a 3d shape is to quickly remove most of
12. e position The small arrows will move the cutter head 1 10 the speed of the large ones There is usually a curb attached to the table the corner of which is at 6 6 This is a convenient way of setting the origin for x and y Use the number fields in the Job Origin area to enter the origin Click the Move to Origin button and the machine will move to the x y origin point if this has already been entered Use the downward arrow to jog the cutter down until the tip just touches the top of the material If you just tap the button the machine will move in small amounts Set this point as z0 by 20 CNC MILLING MANUAL 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 clicking on the z0 button You have now defined the zero point of your material in 3 axes Set the z up to at least 1 0 This is the height above z0 at which the machine moves from cutting area to cutting area rapid moves Set the zm z maximum for the lowest point relative to the ZO that the cutter will be permitted to go This setting overrides any instructions from the Post and is a safety measure to prevent damage to the table It is very important that the Z0 Zm a point which is above the surface of the table See 4 2 4 Calibrating Z Levels Preview the cutting path making sure it is where you expect it to be and the right shape Set Cutting Speed Click the field and enter a number Click the cutting speed button to override the Surfcam in
13. ineering oriented 3d modeling programs to represent 3d entities It is not a polygon surface format but uses a different topological mathematic model which recognizes the entities as solids 2 1 6 Other Formats Rhino and Surfcam support numerous other formats the ones listed here are those that would be most likely encountered in the SoA If you are using a program that will not save to any of these formats please ask me and I ll find an alternative CNC MILLING MANUAL 2 2 2d and 3d files 2 2 1 Orientation Ensure that the file is saved with z up such that in the top view z is coming toward the viewer x extends to the right and y extends towards the top of the screen Otherwise the model will import rotated 2 2 2 Location of Object Ensure that the part to be milled is located so that it is situated in the positive x y quadrant and that any thickness it has extends from z 0 down into the direction of negative z fig 2 1 2 2 3 Lines and Curves It is important to ensure that lines and curves used to create the shapes to be cut out with 2d toolpaths are continuous There should be no gaps It s safest to use only joined polylines and continuous splines Also ensure that there are no lines or curves directly over others Both gaps and double lines confuse the toolpath creation software 2 2 4 Bounding Box Create a bounding box around the part This should be constructed of lines representing an area eq
14. mmunication zim 4 0 shutdown this picture Controller interface won t go into the interface in detail Basically once the post file is imported the Job Output window is brought up The file can then be previewed the speed with which the machine will move through the material can be set as well as the speed the spindle is rotating There are buttons to start stop pause reset and release the job A brief explanation of the operating proceedure is given after the Safety section 17 CNC MILLING MANUAL Any number field can be filled by clicking on it A numeric keypad will be displayed on which the numbers can be entered 4 2 Safety 4 2 1 Limits of Access The CNC machine is only to be used by individuals authorized to do so by the technician and who have been trained in its use They must have previously completed the general Workshop Orientation signed the waiver and paid their insurance fee Those without training who wish to have models milled must make arrangements with the technician Assistants will be trained in order to make the machine as available as possible See 4 3 4 2 2 Safety Guidelines 1 All safety rules in the workshop Operational Policies must be followed 2 Everyone in the CNC room must wear goggles and if necessary hearing and dust protection while the machine is in operation 3 The operator must remain in the CNC room at all times while the machine is running
15. ng the spindle make sure it is free from the work piece and any other obstacles e g wrenches When starting spindle in the home position warn anyone standing in the area 12 IF ANY ASPECT OF THE OPERATION OF THE MACHINE IS CONFUSING OR SEEMS WRONG STOP EVERYTHING AND GET ASSISTANCE THIS IS A VERY EXPENSIVE AND POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS TOOL Access Procedure much time you will need Extra jobs after workshop hours can sometime on studio or class projects 19 CNC MILLING MANUAL 4 4 Milling Procedure This section gives an overview of the steps to followed to begin milling However this should always be done under the supervision of the technician or a qualified monitor See 4 2 1 Check toolpath and verify in Surfcam on the local computer Let supervisor see and confirm it Prepare the post See 3 8 2 Turn on controller Let it boot up and launch the interface 3 Position and clamp material to be cut to table See step 7 below and 4 2 1 4 Drop toolpath s onto Queue shortcut on desktop 5 On the Precix interface click on the Power On button Click on the Homed button This will home the machine 6 Select insert and tighten cutter in the collet of the router See 4 2 1 7 Set origin This is the point in real space that will correspond to the 0 0 0 position in your model To do this use the arrow keys to move jog the tip of the cutter to the top corner of the material closest to the hom
16. nts z y and x respectively are powered by servomotors which can be controlled with great precision Material is held in place on the table by suction or by T slot clamps The machine has its own onboard computer that reads the g code and sends the appropriate power to the servomotors and to the router itself CNC MILLING MANUAL 2 File Preparation Before being imported to the toolpath programs all files should be prepared so that the toolpaths can be properly generated 2 1 File importation 2 1 1 File types Rhino is capable of opening are large number of file types The format used will depend on the type of data being imported Toolpath SoA software software that File Type Extension that supports this supports this file type type igs don t use RhinoCam NURBS surfaces Maya FormZ iges Surfcam 2d lines Originally AutoCAD now DWG DXF RhinoCam surfaces 2d most CAD programs Polygon lines Many 3d Stereo modeling RhinoCam Polygon surfaces lithography aan AutoCAD FormZ RhinoCam AutoCAD 3d solid modelers Surfcam solids 2 1 2 IGES IGES Initial Graphics Exchange Format is an efficient and accurate way to import data especially for 3d files It was developed by the American CNC MILLING MANUAL National Bureau of Standards for CAD file exchange Though it s gradually being replaced by the STEP file format it is still a format that supports a large range of CAD enti
17. struction See 4 2 1 Set the Spindle Speed See 4 2 2 Turn on exhaust The hose can be attached to the router with Zap Straps or the vacuum cover plate can be used Turn on spindle router if not set to auto Put on goggles and if necessary hearing protection Click Start If the cutting needs to be paused to remove cut objects or to clear debris click the STOP button This will pause the process The STOP button will change to a START button which can be clicked to continue the cutting When finished 21 CNC MILLING MANUAL Home machine Turn off machine and controller Unplug spindle Remove and return to storage the cutter you have been using Remove the part and put away spacer boards and extra clamps Vacuum the table gantry and router Sweep the floor Tidy up Save and or remove any data on the computer then turn it off Take whatever you brought with you Turn out lights 4 4 1 Cutting Speed This is also referred to as the feed rate and determines the rate at which the machine moves the cutter across the material in inches second As opposed to the rotational speed of the cutter which is the spindle speed The cutting speed must be set in relation to the size of the cutter the material and the depth of cut A Y cutter going through foam at a 1 8 depth could be fed at a rate of 4 or 5 in sec But through dense wood or MDF that rate would break the cutter it co
18. the unwanted material in order to be able to directly mill the underlying surfaces more easily This initial operation is called roughing and is usually accomplished by cutting unwanted material of in a series of steps or layers At each step the bit follows a spiral path until all the material is removed Following this one or more toolpaths are created which trace the surface directly These are called finishing paths The most common one cuts the material in a series of parallel paths rather like ploughing a field Others follow the NURBS isoparms or concentrate on smoothing vertical or horizontal surfaces You can choose at this stage whether it is more important to get a smooth surface or to finish the milling quickly Larger steps between the parallel paths will mean rougher but faster milling Sometimes the patterns left by rougher toolpaths are wanted for aesthetic reasons 14 CNC MILLING MANUAL 4 Using the Precix CNC Machine 4 1 General How it Works 4 1 1 Structure of the machine The largest part of the CNC machine is a 4 x 8 table on which the material is placed Crossing the 4 length of the table and running on tracks along either side is a gantry upon which a second set of tracks enables a screw mechanism to move horizontally back and forth The screw mechanism controls the vertical movement of the router itself The 2 tracks and the screw control movement in the x y and z axes respectively Bene
19. ties Because CAD programs often have proprietary methods of doing the mathematical calculations needed to create these entities as well as creating different types of entities altogether the IGES format has a large library of entity types which are often tweaked by software developers to create their own flavour As noted above IGES files do not support polygons 2 1 3 DXF DWG DXF and DWG are formats created by AutoDesk the creators of AutoCAD software DWG was intended to be their proprietary internal format but it has been reverse engineered by a consortium of other CAD developers and is supported by their programs DXF is a format that AutoDesk developed as an exchange format between programs and whose format is available by license Many CAD programs as well as graphic illustration programs support it The range of entities supported by these formats is different than by IGES e g polygons instead of NURBS 2 1 4 Stereo Lithography stl The stl format is a neutral non proprietary format developed for rapid prototyping and 3d printing It will save polygon surface information and is a good alternative to dwg dxf for polygon models Because its main use is for 3d printing models are expected to be air tight i e not have any gaps or open areas models that are not may not save properly 2 1 5 ACIS sat This is a proprietary file format used under license by AutoCAD FormZ and various other mostly eng
20. ual to or slightly larger than the greatest extents of the part Rhino will do this automatically with the command BoundingBox This can be used in the toolpath program to help define the material to be removed The bounding box should have 2 of its edges on the x 0 and y 0 lines and one corner at 0 0 0 If only part of the model is to be machined create a boundary delineating this area at z 0 such that in the top view it acts as a frame for the area to be cut 2 2 5 Spacing of 2d objects When cutting completely through material it is important to leave an uncut margin at the edges and between the shapes being cut out so that the material maintains its integrity during machining There should be a margin of 1 CNC MILLING MANUAL between the edge of the material and any shape to be milled Also there should be a gap of to 1 between shapes 2 3 3d files only 2 3 1 Location of 3d Model Place the object s as close to the x y plane in the z axis as possible while fulfilling requirement 2 1 2 Because the x y plane represents the top of the material being cut this minimizes the amount that has to be removed before the part is exposed 2 3 2 There should be no undercuts Because a 3 axis milling machine can only travel vertically without rotating in the x z or y z planes the bottom of a part must be at least as wide when seen from above as the top Undercuts will either be ignored or will create errors See following diagr
21. uldn t cut fast enough to keep up So in such a case 1 or 2 in sec would be appropriate If in doubt start with a slower rate and gradually increase it 4 4 2 Spindle Speed The spindle speed is the rotational rate of the cutter in revolutions second The milling machine is essentially a router and routers rotate at very high speeds up to 22 000 r s At this stage we have been running at 18 000 r s through foam and MDF with no problems The UCLA manual indicates they use a 30 slower speed for cutting acrylic or aluminum 4 4 3 Cutters For our purposes the terms cutter tool and bit can be used interchangeably 22 CNC MILLING MANUAL The machine uses both conventional straight flute wood router bits as well as spiral fluted end and ball mills I think straight flute bits are a bit more robust for a given diameter but spiral flutes have better chip clearing properties For cutting foam and wood both types can be used For plastics and soft metals only spiral fluted bits should be used The workshop s selection of tools is much more limited than the choices available in the Surfcam tool libraries Check with technician or TA for what is available 4 4 4 Calibrating Z levels See diagram on the next page 23 CNC MILLING MANUAL Calibrating Z Levels A bottom of gantry A A EN Baseline 0 Maximum 12 above table Zup Rapid or Retract plane Zo top of material q Be Zm max depth of cut
22. y created by translating objects from 2d and 3d CAD files by way of a toolpath generator and post processor The tool path generator is a program that analyses the CAD objects lines surfaces or solids and calculates the exact route for a given cutter to travel over or around them to carve the described shape It may require several toolpaths using a variety of strategies to achieve this The toolpath is stored in a proprietary format and can t by itself control the CNC machine The final step is the post processor which can translate the tool path into G code 1 2 The Tools In general to create toolpaths we use RhinoCAM http www rhinocam com This program runs as a plug in inside Rhinoceros 3d modeler giving the user access to all of Rhino s features It will create both 2d cutouts and 3d topography toolpaths and when working in 3d will support models made with both polygons and NURBS CNC MILLING MANUAL In addition we occasionally use a program called SurfCAM which is good at producing toolpaths but which only works with NURBS The milling machine is a locally manufactured Precix 9100 http www precix com In theory it can mill material up to 4 x 8 x 10 Y 4 In practice the envelope will be somewhat smaller than that The 3hp router is raised and lowered by a ball screw attached to carriage that moves back and forth on a gantry which in turn moves over the large table These three moveme
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