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SVSolid Tutorial Manual, 2009 version

1. Tutorial ED Initial Grid 1 p2 Nodes 293 Cells 123 RIMIS En 6 4e 9 Stage 1 Tntegral 7559 902 The contour plot of pore water pressure above indicates 20 kPa at the ground surface and a decrease with depth to 400 kPa at the bottom Note that a pore water pressure of 20 kPa corresponds to a metric suction of 20 kPa and a pore water pressure of 400 kPa corresponds to a metric suction of 400 kPa 4 3 SVFLUX Transient Seepage Analysis The SVFLUX transient seepage analysis will use the initial head transfer file to represent initial conditions This step will output a pore water pressure transfer trn file for the SVSOLID stress deformation analysis Project SlabOnGround SOILVISION systems UTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 34 of 58 Model Shrink_Transient Minimum authorization required STANDARD 4 3 1 Model Setup In order to set up the model described in the preceding section the following steps will be required The steps fall under the general categories of a Create model b Enter geometry Specify boundary conditions d Specify model output e Runmodel f Visualize results a Create Model The following steps are required to create the model 1 Open the SVOFFICE Manager dialog 2 Press the Clear Filter button if enabled 3 Select the project called UserTutorial from the list of projects 4 Create anew SVFlux model called User ED Transient by pressing the New button next to t
2. S S S d N Vas N The Mesh plot displays the finite element mesh generated by the solver The mesh is automatically refined in critical areas such as directly beneath the footings where there is a greater influence from the applied loads e Deformed Mesh SOILVISION SYSTEMS UTD PORS alg RSSVZNNA NN RON 4 A Two Dimensional Example Model 15 of 58 The displacements in this plot have been magnified by 50 times Note that the greatest displacement occurs directly beneath the footings Also the displacements in the clay seam are much greater than the surrounding till due to the differences in Young s Modulus e Vertical Displacements y incremental total stress sy kPa 40 X m 50 A stress bulb is generated beneath each footing due to each footing load The body load of both materials generates the overall stress state e Displacement Vectors 40 04 NAAR it x S xil TEEN Lhe AE oe DERI ME 3 d N AENEA I Xy x SOY Eel besa es AN ORRASAN sx l N N VN AL o QUA X Wits ere ae PARETE EA xim 7 Displacement Vectors show both the direction and the magnitude of the displacement at specific points in the model The lower Young s Modulus in the clay shale seam result in greater displacements than in the overlying till The maximum displacement of 0 16m 16mm occurs beneath Footing 1 where the load is greater and the dist
3. SUSOLID 2D 3D Stress Deformation Modeling Software Tutorial Manual Written by Murray Fredlund PhD PEng Gilson Gitirana PhD Robert Thode BSc GE Edited by Murray Fredlund PhD PEng SoilVision Systems Ltd Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada Software License The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement The software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement Software Support Support for the software is furnished under the terms of a support agreement Copyright Information contained within this Tutorial M anual is copyrighted and all rights are reserved by SoilVision Systems Ltd The SVSOLID software is a proprietary product and trade secret of SoilVision Systems The Tutorial Manual may be reproduced or copied in whole or in part by the software licensee for use with running the software The Tutorial Manual may not be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means for the purpose of selling the copies Disclaimer of Warranty SoilVision Systems Ltd reserves the right to make periodic modifications of this product without obligation to notify any person of such revision SoilVision does not guarantee warrant or make any representation regarding the use of or the results of the programs in terms of correctness accuracy reliability currentness or otherwise the user is expected to make the final evaluation in the context of his her own problems T
4. 4 To select a point as part of the desired region shape left click on the point 5 Now move the cursor near 73 34 and then double click on the point A line is now drawn from coordinates 5 39 to 73 34 When the water table is added points will be added to it and any regions it intersects at the intersection points After all the region geometries have been entered the diagram will appear as shown at the beginning of this tutorial c Specify Boundary Conditions Model gt Boundaries Boundary conditions must be applied to all region points The starting point for that particular boundary condition is initiated at any boundary point on a region geometry The boundary condition will then extend over subsequent line segments around the edge of the region The direction for the application of the boundary conditions is determined by the way the geometry was originally entered Boundary conditions remain in effect around a geometry shape until they are re defined The user may not define two different boundary conditions over the same line segment More information on boundary conditions can be found in Menu System Model Menu Boundary Conditions 2D Boundary Conditions of the User s Manual The next step is to specify the boundary conditions A load expression needs to be defined for each of the footing locations on the ground region The sides should be fixed in the X direction At the base the region should fixed in both the X
5. Enter an initial Void Ratio value of 1 Move to the Body Load tab Select the Constant Unit Weight option Enter the Unit Weight as 18 5 kN m Check the Apply Vertical Body Load box Press OK to close the dialog Repeat these steps to create the till material refer to the data provided under the A Two Dimensional Example M odel section at the beginning of this tutorial Press OK to close the Materials Manager dialog Once all material properties have been entered we must apply the materials to the corresponding regions Open the Region Properties dialog by selecting Model gt Geometry gt Region Properties from the menu Select Clay Shale as the material for the Seam region Select Till as the material for the Ground region Press the OK button to accept the changes and close the dialog e Specify Model Output Two levels of output may be specified i output graphs contour plots fluxes etc which are displayed during model solution and ii output which is written to a standard finite element file for viewing with SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Two Dimensional Example Model 13 of 58 ACUM ESH software Output is specified in the following two dialogs in the software i Plot Manager Output displayed during model solution ii Output M anager Standard finite element files written out for visualization in ACUMESH or for inputting to other finite element packages PLOT MANAGER Model gt Reporting gt Plot Mana
6. Application SVSOLID System 2D Type Steady State Units Metric The user should also set the World Coordinate System to ensure that the model will fit in the drawing space The World Coordinate System settings can be set under the World Coordinate System tab on the Create Model dialog 1 Access the World Coordinate System tab on the Create New Model dialog 2 Enter the World Coordinates Sy stem coordinates shown below into the dialog x minimum 0 y minimum 15 x maximum TI y maximum 57 3 Click OK to close the dialog The workspace grid spacing needs to be set to aid in defining region shapes The geometry of the model has coordinates of a precision of 1m In order to effectively draw the geometry with this precision when using the mouse the grid spacing must be set to a maximum value of 1 1 The Display Options dialog should open once the Create Model dialog is closed SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Two Dimensional Example Model 8 of 58 2 3 Enter 1 for both the horizontal and vertical grid spacing Click OK to close the dialog Options must be selected here in order to specify a water table as the initial pore water pressure conditions Drawing of the water table is explained later in this tutorial 1 Sk Qv u Ps ee Open the Settings dialog by selecting Model gt Settings in the workspace menu Select Consider PWP as the Analysis option Press OK to close the dialog Open the nitial Condit
7. Concrete material from the drop down for Layer 2 Select the Till material from the drop down for Layer 1 Nee geo SX UNO SEA dp 0 Close the dialog using the OK button e Specify Model Output Two levels of output may be specified i output graphs contour plots fluxes etc which are displayed during model solution and ii output which is written to a standard finite element file for viewing with ACUM ESH software Output is specified in the following two dialogs in the software i Plot Manager Output displayed during model solution ii Output M anager Standard finite element files written out for visualization in ACUMESH or for inputting to other finite element packages PLOT MANAGER Model gt Reporting gt Plot Manager There are numerous types of plots that can be specified to visualize the computed results from the model A few plots will be generated for this tutorial example model including a plot showing vertical stress contours the deformed mesh and displacement vectors 1 Open the Plot Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Reporting gt Plot Manager from the menu io Plots Point Area Volume Min Max Other Tie Variable Restriction Projection Solver Option KG Vertical Stress 2 Display and Sav Y Displl uw Display and Sav Y Displ2 vw Display and Sav 3 Deformed Mesh Deformed Mesh Display and Sav gt Z Mesh x My u z My w Display and Sav p New Plot r
8. Conditions Model gt Boundaries Now that the region and the model geometry have been successfully imported the next step is to specify the boundary conditions A zero flux condition is required at the ground surface beneath the cover while a suction of 400 kPa exists at the bottom of the material region The suction values must be converted to head values for the SVFLUX solver An evaporation rate of 10 mm day is represented by the normal flux condition over the uncovered ground surface The steps for specifying the boundary conditions are as follows 1 Select the Ground region in the drawing space 2 From the menu select Model gt Boundaries gt Boundary Conditions The boundary conditions dialog will open By default the first boundary segment will be given a Zero Flux condition 3 Select the point 0 3 from the list 4 From the Boundary Condition drop down select a Head Constant Boundary Condition This will cause the Constant box to be enabled In the Constant box enter a head of 43 787 This head value is equal to a suction of 400 kPa Select the point 12 3 from the list From the Boundary Condition drop down select a Zero Flux Boundary Condition Select the point 12 0 from the list SOQ zh S QN OUA From the Boundary Condition drop down select a Normal Flux Constant Boundary Condition This will cause the Constant box to be enabled 10 In the Constant box enter a flux of 0 01 m day equal to an evap
9. Gridlines button to set up the grid for the selected surface There will be default grid lines of 0 and 10 present Click the Add Regular button to open the Add Regular X Gridlines dialog Enter 0 for Start 2 for Increment Value and 20 for End Click OK to add the gridlines and close the dialog Move to the Y Grid Lines tab There will be default grid lines of 0 and 10 Click the Add Regular button to open the Add Regular Y Gridlines dialog Enter 0 for Start 4 for Increment Value and 20 for End Click OK to add the gridlines and close the dialog Now that the grid has been set up elevations must be specified for all the grid points 2 22 23 Enter 4 in the Set Nulls field Click the Set Nulls button and all the missing elevations will be set to 4m Click OK to close the Surface Properties dialog SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Three Dimensional Example Model 21 of 58 Define Surface 3 Follow these steps to add the third surface to the model 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 On the Surfaces dialog click the New button to open the nsert Surfaces dialog Enter 1 as the Number of New Surfaces Select to place the new surface At The Top Select Copy Grid From An Existing Surface Select Surface 2 from the drop down Choose to Exclude the elevations Press OK to add the surface Surface 3 and its grid has now been added The next step is to provide the elevation values The geometry will be generated using
10. and Y directions The Seam region is internal to the Ground region and will not need to be altered as far as boundary conditions are concerned The steps in specifying the boundary conditions are as follows 1 Select the Ground region in the drawing space 2 Select Model Boundaries Boundary Conditions from the menu The Boundary Conditions SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Two Dimensional Example Model 11 of 58 dialog will open Select the coordinate point 5 41 from the list on the Segment Boundary Conditions tab From the X Boundary Condition drop down select a Fixed Boundary Condition From the Y Boundary Condition drop down select a Free Boundary Condition Ov Moo y Enter the remaining Boundary Conditions found in the Boundary Condition Summary table below 7 Click the OK button to close the dialog NOTE The Fixed X Boundary Condition for the coordinate point 5 41 becomes the boundary condition for the following line segments that have a Continue Boundary Condition until a new boundary condition is specified By specifying a Free condition at point 73 36 the Continue Boundary Condition is turned off e Boundary Condition Summary X Y XBoundary Condition Y Boundary Condition 5 4 Fed Free _ 5 38 Continue Contine 5 20 Cone Fed e 75 20 Cone Free 42 a Conine Contine 38 42 Continue Conti
11. as data ty pe then press OK 3 4 The Material Properties dialog will automatically open 5 Moveto the Parameters tab 6 Enter a Young s Modulus value of 10000 kPa 7 Enter a Poisson s Ratio value of 0 4 8 Moveto the Initial Parameters tab 9 Enter the Initial Void Ratio value of 1 10 Move to the Body Load tab 11 Choose the Constant Unit Weight option 12 Enter the Unit Weight as 21 kN m3 13 Check the Apply Vertical Body Load checkbox 14 Press OK to close the dialog 15 Repeat the above steps to input the properties for concrete Refer to the data provided under the A Three Dimensional Example M odel section at the beginning of this tutorial 16 Press OK to close the Materials Manager dialog Each region will cut through all the layers in a model creating a separate block in each layer Each block can be assigned a material or left as void A void area is assumed to be an air space In this model all blocks will SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Three Dimensional Example Model 24 of 58 be assigned a material 1 Select Slope in the Region Selector 2 Select Model Materials Material Layers from the menu to open the Material Layers dialog Select the Till material from the drop down for Layer 2 Select the Till material from the drop down for Layer 1 Close the dialog using the OK button Click the right arrow at the top right of the dialog to change to the Pillar region Select the
12. bottom left corner of the dialog contains a button for each output file type Click on the SVFLUX button to add the head output file 7 Click on the SVSOLID button to add the pore water pressure output file 8 Click OK to close the Output Manager and return to the workspace sor vision systems vTE2D Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 33 of 58 f Run Model Solve Analyze The next step is to solve the example problem or analyze the model Select Solve Analyze from the menu This action will write the descriptor file and open the SVFLUX solver The solver will automatically begin solving the model g Visualize Results Window AcuMesh The results for the current model may be visualized by selecting the Open ACUM ESH Window gt ACUMESH menu option 4 2 2 Results and Discussion After the solution to the SVFLUX model is complete the results will be displayed in the dialog of thumbnail plots within the SVFLUX solver Right click the mouse and select M aximize to enlarge any of the thumbnail plots The output files requested ED Initial SVSolidPWPInput trn and ED Initial SVFlux trn will be located in the solution file directory for the model T 1 m 1 1 Pap ax 20 0 Lo d 20 0 i 40 0 60 0 80 0 100 L S 120 ae 140 n 160 0 4 F 1 180 3 200 j 220 i 240 h 260 280 f 300 34 B 320 d 340 Es 360 5 380 is 400 r min 400
13. gt Geometry gt Polygon Region from the menu The cursor will now be changed to cross hairs Move the cursor near to coordinates 5 38 in the drawing space You can view the coordinates for the current position of the mouse in the status bar just below the workspace To select the point as part of the desired region shape left click on the point Now move the cursor near to coordinates 8 37 and then left click on the point A line is now drawn from coordinates 5 38 to 8 37 Refer to the geometry table at the beginning of this tutorial and add the remaining points To add the last point move the cursor near the point 5 41 and right click snapping the cursor the coordinate point Double click on the point to finish the shape A line is now drawn from 6 41 to 5 41 and the shape is automatically completed in SVSOLID by drawing a line from 5 41 back to the starting point 5 38 If the seam geometry has been entered correctly the shape should look as follows SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Two Dimensional Example Model 10 of 58 Define the Water Table The instructions below explain the use of the mouse to create the water table region 1 Select Draw gt Initial Water Table from the menu 2 The cursor will now be changed to cross hairs 3 Move the cursor near to coordinates 5 39 in the drawing space You can view the coordinates for the current position of the mouse in the status bar at the bottom right of the screen
14. near to coordinates 5 41 in the drawing space You can view the coordinates SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Two Dimensional Example Model 9 of 58 for the current position of the mouse in the status bar at the bottom right of the screen 6 To select a point as part of the desired region shape left click on the point 7 Now move the cursor near 5 38 and then left click on the point A line is now drawn from coordinates 5 41 to 5 38 8 Referto the geometry table at the beginning of this tutorial and add the remaining points 9 To add the last point move the cursor near the coordinate point 5 43 and right click snapping the cursor to the point Then double click on the point to finish the shape A line is now drawn from 12 43 to 5 43 and the shape is automatically completed in SVSOLID by drawing a line from 5 43 back to the starting point 5 41 NOTE If xy geometry data is available in a spreadsheet this data can be pasted directly into SVSolid as an alternative to drawing points with the mouse Open the Region Properties dialog for a region click the New Poly gon button and copy and paste the data into the New Poly gon Shape dialog Define the Seam The instructions below explain the use of the mouse to create the seam region 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Select Seam as the region by going to Model gt Geometry gt Regions and clicking on Seam Press OK to close the dialog Select Draw
15. present so the next step is to define the grid lines 1 2 Select Surface 1 by going to Model gt Geometry gt Surfaces and clicking on Surface 1 Click the Properties button to open the Surface Properties dialog SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Three Dimensional Example Model 20 of 58 Select Elevation Data from the Definition Options drop down Select the Elevations tab and click the Define Gridlines button to set up the grid for the selected surface There will be default grid lines of 0 and 10 present Click the Add Regular button to open the Add Regular X gridlines dialog Enter 5 for Start 5 for Increment Value and 25 for End Click OK to add the gridlines and close the dialog Move to the Y Grid Lines tab and repeat steps 4 to 6 for the Y gridlines Elevations must be specified for all the grid points Now that the grid has been set up 9 10 Enter 0 in the Set Nulls field Click on the Set Nulls button and all the missing elevations will be set to 0 Define Surface 2 This surface is already present The extent of this grid are smaller than for Surface 1 and the grid is denser The Surface 2 grid also has different densities in the X and Y directions 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Click the right arrow at the top right of the dialog to change to Surface 2 Select Elevation Data from the Definition Options drop down Select the Elevations tab and click the Define
16. provide a step by step guide to modeling slab movement using a manual iteration technique involving the SVFLUX and SVSOLID software packages There are two main scenarios that are commonly considered namely the Edge Drop of a slab caused by shrinking of the material due to evaporation i e increase in soil suction and Edge Lift of a slab caused by swelling due to infiltration i e decrease in soil suction This tutorial model will consider the Edge Drop scenario Model Description and Geometry A 12m wide flexible impervious cover in 2D is considered Since the cover is symmetrical the portion to the right of the centerline will be modeled A material region 3m deep and 12m wide is used Specified suction Flexible cover or concrete slab or boundary flux 0 E 1 Flux 0 E 2 2 Constant suction 400 kPa 3 0 3 6 9 12 Distance from centre of cover or slab m Material Properties Volumetric water content ar saturation gs m Sat Suction 0 1 kPa p 3000 4 sor vision systems uUTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 28 of 58 tress Material Properties Total Unit Weight uwt 17 2 kN m2 Void Ratio at 1 kPa net mean stress and 1 kPa suction eo Swelling Index Cs Swelling Index Cm oisson s Coefficient of earth pressure at rest Ko Solution Outline The manual iteration method involves a number of steps to arrive at the final displacements These example models are included in the SVFLU
17. with the input of data necessary to solve the boundary value problem ii explaining the relevance of the solution from an engineering standpoint and iii assisting with the visualization of the computer output An attempt has been made to ascertain and respond to questions most likely to be asked by first time users of SVSOLID SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Two Dimensional Example Model 5 of 58 2 A Two Dimensional Example Model The following example introduces some of the features included in SVSOLID The example problem sets up a model of a simple slope with two foundation loads applied A water table is present The purpose of this model is to determine the stress conditions in the slope due to applied loads and the magnitude of displacement under each footing The model dimensions and material properties are provided below Project Foundations Model Tutorial2D Minimum authorization required STANDARD Model Description and Geometry Materials Till E 5 00E 004 kPa v 0 4 Clay E 3 00E 003 kPa v 0 4 50 0 Footing 1 Ground Seam Water Table SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Two Dimensional Example Model 6 of 58 Material Properties Material 1 Till Data type Linear Elastic Young s Modulus E 50000 kPa Poisson s Ratio n 0 4 Initial Void Ratio eo 1 Unit Weight g 21 kN m3 Apply Vertical Body Load checked Material 2 Clay Shale Data type Linear Elastic Young s Modulus E 3000 kPa
18. After the computations are complete the results will be displayed using the dialog of thumbnail plots within the SVSOLID solver It is possible to right click the mouse and select the Maximize to enlarge any of the thumbnail plots This section will give a brief description of each plot that was generated When the computations associated with the analysis are complete it is possible to also visualize output plots using ACUM ESH In order to view plots in ACUMESH select Window gt ACUMESH from the menu Stress Contours SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Three Dimensional Example Model 26 of 58 sy kPa The stress state generated by the load on the pillar can be examined using the ACUM ESH software The effects of both vertical load and skin friction can be observed Displacement Contours v v0 0 007976 0 0057 0 003423 0 001147 The above figure shows the displacement vectors in the direction of movement The magnitude of the displacement at specific points in the model is also shown The pillar displaces 0 07m 7 0mm due to the 500 kPa load SOILVISIOn systems uUTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 27 of 58 4 2D Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover This example simulates the modeling of water infiltration into a material and the subsequent ground movements that are likely to occur A 2D Edge Drop simulation is performed for a Flexible Impervious Cover 4 1 Model Overview The following example will
19. Analyze The next step is to analyze the model Select Solve gt Analyze from the menu This action will write the solution files and open the SVSOLID solver The solver will automatically begin solving the primary solution files There are 12 pde files that will be created 1 User_ED_Day5_BATCH pde opened and run 2 User ED Day5 stagel pde to User ED Day5 stagelO pde will not be opened 3 User ED Day5 Summary pde opened When the solver has finished running 4 Move to the open User ED Day5 Summary pde file 5 Click Controls gt Run Script from the FlexPDE solver menu to run the summary solution file NOTE While the model is running the results will be displayed in the dialog of thumbnail plots within the SVSOLID solver Right click the mouse and select M aximize to enlarge any of the thumbnail plots i Visualize Results Window AcuMesh The results for the current model may be visualized by selecting the Open ACUM ESH Window gt ACUMESH menu option SOILVISION SYSTEMS uUTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 45 of 58 4 4 2 Results and Discussion The results will be displayed in the dialog of thumbnail plots within the SVSOLID solver Right click the mouse and select Maximize to enlarge any of the thumbnail plots This section will give a brief analysis for some plots that were generated T The Mesh plot displays the finite element mesh generated by the solver The mesh is autom
20. Create model b Enter geometry Specify boundary conditions d Apply material properties e Specify model output f Run model g Visualize results a Create Model The following steps are required to create the model 1 Open the SVOFFICE Manager dialog 2 Press the Clear Filter button if enabled 3 Select the project called UserTutorial from the list of projects 4 Create a new model called UserTutorial3D by pressing the New button next to the list of models The new model will be automatically added under the recently created UserTutorial project Use following settings when creating a new model Application SVSOLID System 3D Type Steady State Units Metric The user should also set the World Coordinate System to ensure that the model will fit in the drawing space The World Coordinate Sy stem settings can be set under the World Coordinate System tab on the Create Model dialog 1 Access the World Coordinate System tab on the Create Model dialog 2 Enter the World Coordinates Sy stem coordinates shown below into the dialog SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Three Dimensional Example Model 18 of 58 x minimum 0 y minimum 5 z minimum 5 x maximum 25 y maximum 25 z maximum 10 3 Click OK to close the dialog The workspace grid spacing needs to be set to aid in defining region shapes The geometry data for this model has coordinates of a precision of 1m The grid spacing should therefore be set t
21. MI f Specify Model Output Model gt Reporting A number of relevant output plots will be generated by default For instructions on customizing the output plots see the Users Manual or other Tutorial examples g Run Model Solve gt Analyze The current model may be run by selecting the Solve gt Analyze menu option h Visualize Results Window AcuMesh The visual results for the current model may be examined by selecting the Window ACUMESH menu option 5 2 Results and Discussion After the computations for the model have been completed the results will be displayed as a series of thumbnail plots within the SVSOLID solver Right clicking the mouse on any thumbnail plot and selecting Maximize will enlarge that particular graph The model TunnelExcavation KoPoisson where the ko value is equivalent to the poisson s ratio results in a vertical compression of the tunnel while in contrast the TunnelExcavation KoHigh model where the k0 5 results in a horizontal compression of the tunnel The ACUM ESH 2D visualization software can be used for improved graphics quality and a greater range of plotting options e Deformed Mesh TunnelExcavation KoHigh SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD Tunnel Excavation 55 of 58 ZIT DRL ISAS EER RESSEREMEAIIOLY VS XV CASS PS SEHE EE AAI X PAPAS PETER KK Ree NAC C ASAS NEE de ee 7 V VARUNA AAA W AZ SUN RRO Freee URS SAAS MEER s SS A SASS A POE Sako gt Z ISB ESSE REET D A ET
22. OTE The operation of the SVSOLID software is similar to SVFLUX Many of the following steps will be the same 4 4 4 Model Setup In order to set up the model described in the preceding section the following steps will be required The steps fall under the general categories of a Create model SOILVISIOn systems uTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 40 of 58 Enter geometry Specify initial conditions Specify boundary conditions Apply material properties Specify final conditions Specify model output Run model Visualize results a Create Model The following steps are required to create the model 1 2 Open the SVOFFICE Manager dialog Select the project called UserTutorial from the list of projects Create a new SVSolid model called User ED Day5 by pressing the SVSolid button above to the list of models The new model will be automatically added under the UserTutorial project Use the settings shown in the screen capture below when creating a new model Select the following Application SVSOLID System 2D Units Metric b Enter Geometry Model gt Geometry Since the Ground region and its geometry were defined previously for the Initial SVFLUX Analysis the Import SVFLUX Geometry feature can be used to save time for this analysis by importing the geometry from the SVFLUX software Follow the steps in the section Defining the Transient SVFLUX M odel Importing Geometry c Specify Initial Co
23. Poisson s Ratio n 0 4 Initial Void Ratio eo 1 Unit Weight g 18 5 kN m3 Apply Vertical Body Load checked 2 1 Model Setup In order to set up the model described in the preceding section the following steps will be required The steps fall under the general categories of a Create model b Enter geometry Specify boundary conditions d Apply material properties e Specify model output f Run model g Visualize results a Create Model SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Two Dimensional Example Model 7 of 58 Since FULL authorization is required for this tutorial the user must perform the following steps to ensure full authorization is activated 1 Plugin the USB security key 2 Goto the File gt Authorization dialog on the SVOFFICE M anager 3 Software should display full authorization If not it means that the security codes provided by SoilVision Systems at the time of purchase have not yet been entered Please see the Authorization section of the SVOFFICE User s Manual for instructions on entering these codes The following steps are required to create the model 1 Open the SVOFFICE Manager dialog 2 Create a new project called Tutorial by pressing the New button next to the list of projects 3 Create a new model called UserTutorial2D by pressing the New button next to the list of models The new model will be automatically added under the recently created Tutorial project 4 Select the following
24. T RO EK RELIER SSSSDSCSRUEL e Deformed Mesh TunnelExcavation KoPoisson MISO TREATISE RSEN BAAN V NNI SEX 7 NESSES SERRATE XS ENAN Z D SSE SUSI eas A SOS ZS KK PKs S XS DET IWR LORS x DR SUEDE aR D SV A a pl RAO S SV CDI SERENE THA 2 SN x RA HI VE DEIN eS 2 Pea AN KSN MES CRASSA LN 7 LN N KAZIN lt De LE vi apa L 7 L gt 12 D VA SR LE AA yay WT Z s s NEE CSAS EE NONSE AS S KS AVS e ZEE ERSO SAN E ATS RAK KR 27 URIN JN V ADR DXX Vi CN YAK D A Bat NVVOOCy SN VO AQ E A VA S z W 14 2 e p SSL Se KX AA EI SOILVISION SYSTEMS UTD Tunnel Excavation 56 of 58 SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD References 57 of 58 6 References FlexPDE 6 x Reference Manual 2007 PDE Solutions Inc Spokane Valley WA 99206 Fredlund D G and H Rahardjo 1993 Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils John Wiley amp Sons New York SOILVISION SYSTEMS UTD This page has been left intentionally References 58 of 58
25. X and SVSOLID model files for reference under the Project Name of SlabOnGround The Model Name is indicated in parentheses 1 Initial SVFLUX seepage analy sis Shrink Initial 2 SVFLUX transient seepage analysis Shrink Transient 3 SVSOLID stress deformation analysis Shrink Day5 UCS3 4 2 Initial SVFLUX Seepage Analysis The purpose of the initial SVFLUX seepage analysis is to get an initial head profile to use as initial conditions for the SVFLUX transient seepage and to get an initial pore water pressure profile to use as initial conditions for the SVSOLID stress deformation analy ses Project SlabOnGround Model Shrink Initial Minimum authorization required STUDENT 4 2 1 Model Setup In order to set up the model described in the preceding section the following steps will be required The steps fall under the general categories of a Create model b Enter geometry Specify boundary conditions d Apply material properties e Specify model output f Run model g Visualize results a Create Model SOILVISION systems uUTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 29 of 58 The following steps are required to create the model 1 2 3 4 Open the SVOFFICE Manager dialog Press the Clear Filter button if enabled Select the project called UserTutorial from the list of projects Create a new model called UserED_Initial by pressing the New SVFlux button above the list of models The new model wil
26. Z l Copy Delete Properties Multiple Update Fit Settings _Add Detauts Defaut Piot ok Caca SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Three Dimensional Example Model 25 of 58 2 The toolbar at the bottom left corner of the dialog contains a button for each plot type Click on the Contour button to begin adding the first contour plot The Plot Properties dialog will open Enter the title Vertical Stress a a Select s as the variable to plot from the drop down for the contour plot of the vertical stress Move to the Projection tab Select Plane as the Projection Option Select Y from the Coordinate Direction drop down CO i ON CER Enter 10 in the Coordinate field This will generate a 2D slice at Y 10m on which the stress contours will be plotted 9 Click OK to close the dialog and add the plot to the list 10 Repeat steps 2 to 9 to create the plots shown in the following screen shot above 11 Click OK to close the Plot Manager and return to the workspace f Run Model Solve Analyze The model is now ready for the analysis to be performed Select Solve gt Analyze from the menu This action will write a descriptor file and open the SVSOLID solver The solver will automatically begin solving the model g Visualize Results Window AcuMesh The results for the current model may be visualized by selecting the Open ACUM ESH Window gt ACUMESH menu option 3 2 Results and Discussion
27. ance to the clay seam is less SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Three Dimensional Example Model 16 of 58 3 A Three Dimensional Example Model The following example introduces you to three dimensional modeling using SVSOLID The model computes the stress and displacement generated as a result of placing pillar foundation on a sloping ground surface The circular pillar foundation has been placed at the mid slope The model is modeled using two regions three surfaces and two materials The model data and material properties are provided below This model is set up to run with the Student Version of SVSOLID Project Foundations Model Tutorial3D Minimum authorization required STANDARD Model Description and Geometry Circular Foundation on Slope Pillar Foundation Material Properties Material 1 Till Data Type Linear Elastic Young s Modulus E 10 000 kPa Poisson s Ratio v 0 4 Initial Void Ratio e 1 Constant Unit Weight y 21 kN n Apply Vertical Body Load checked Material 2 Concrete SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Three Dimensional Example Model 17 of 58 Data Type Linear Elastic Young s Modulus E 29 580 000 kPa Poisson s Ratio v 0 2 Initial Void Ratio e 0 Constant Unit Weight y 23 5 KN m Apply Vertical Body Load checked 3 1 Model Setup In order to set up the model described in the preceding section the following steps will be required The steps fall under the general categories of a
28. ariable to plot from the drop down Click OK to close the dialog and add the plot to the list Repeat these steps 2 to 8 to create the suggested contour plots listed below Note that the plots are not required for model solution but are useful for visualization Click on the Elevation button to begin adding the first elevation plot The Plot Properties dialog will open Enter the title Surface Initial Select uw as the variable to plot from the drop down Move to the Range tab Enter the values X1 0 Y1 0 X2 12 Y2 0 Click OK to close the dialog and add the plot to the list Repeat these steps 10 to 16 to create the suggested elevation plots listed below Note that the plots are not required for model solution but are useful for visualization Click OK to close the Plot Manager and return to the workspace Suggested Plots SOILVISIOn systems uUTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 37 of 58 Plot Type ee y y y 0 0 to 12 0 NE Depth Initial OUTPUT MANAGER Model Reporting Output Manager Two output files will be generated for this tutorial example model a transfer file of pore water pressures and an ACUM ESH file for use in the ACUM ESH visualization software which his generated by default w w w i w Elevation Surface Day3 uw i w w w w 1 Open the Output Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Reporting gt Output Manager from the menu 2 Thetoolbar at the bot
29. as originally entered Boundary conditions remain in effect around a shape until re defined The user may not define two different boundary conditions over the same line segment SOILVISION systems UTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 31 of 58 More information on boundary conditions can be found in Menu System gt Model Menu gt Boundary Conditions gt 2D Boundary Conditions in y our User s Manual Now that the model geometry has been successfully defined the next step is to specify the boundary conditions A suction of 20 kPa is required at the ground surface while a suction of 400 kPa exists at the bottom of the material region The suction values must be converted to head values for the SVFLUX computer program The steps for specifying the boundary conditions are thus 1 Select the Ground region in the drawing space 2 From the menu select Model gt Boundaries gt Boundary Conditions The Boundary Conditions dialog will open By default the first boundary segment will be given a No BC condition 3 Select the point 0 3 from the list 4 From the Boundary Condition drop down select a Head Constant Boundary Condition This will cause the Constant box to be enabled 5 Inthe Constant box enter a head of 43 787 6 Select the point 12 3 from the list 7 From the Boundary Condition drop down select a Zero Flux Boundary Condition 8 Select the point 12 0 from the list 9 From the Boundary Condition dr
30. atically refined in critical areas such as near the ground surface where there is a greater void ratio change The displacements in this plot are magnified by 50 times SOILVISIOn SYSTEMS uUTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 46 of 58 T Vertical Stress 0 09 0 00 0 50 1 00 1 50 2 00 2 50 3 00 3 50 4 00 4 50 5 00 5 50 6 00 6 50 7 00 7 50 8 00 8 50 9 00 9 50 9 51 E Y o j j Il poa mo mre ror TE B os o IASB dh Suction 8 z D s Ee topes ene eens as S The contour plot of suction indicates the development of higher suction at the uncovered boundary due to evaporation sor vision SYSTEMS uUTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 47 of 58 T Displacement 6 50 6 00 3 i 5 50 5 00 4 50 4 00 3 50 3 00 2 50 FER E 1 00 0 50 0 00 Scale E 4 Displacement Vectors show the direction and the magnitude of the displacement at specific points in the model Settlement due to shrinkage is the largest is greatest under the uncovered ground surface T e 2 1 L 1 L L L ET L L J m a 2 2 2 4 E 4 2 6 g a E J v gt 2 8 3 3 2 2 0 3 9 12 The above plot shows the vertical displacement along the length of the ground surface Th
31. be changed to cross hairs Move the cursor near 0 3 in the drawing space You can view the coordinates for the current position of the mouse in the status bar just below the drawing space 5 To select the point as part of the shape left click on the point 6 Now move the cursor near 6 3 and then left click on the point A line is now drawn from 0 3 to 6 3 7 Referto the geometry table above and add the remaining points 8 To add the last point move the cursor near the point 0 0 and right click snapping the cursor to the point Double click on the point to finish the shape A line is now drawn from 6 0 to 0 0 and the shape is automatically completed by SVSOLID with a line from 0 0 back to the start point 0 3 If the geometry has been entered correctly the shape should look as follows NOTE If a mistake was made during the input of the coordinate points for a shape select a shape with the mouse and select Edit gt Delete from the menu This will remove the entire shape from the region To edit the shape use the Region Properties dialog c Specify Boundary Conditions Model gt Boundaries Boundary conditions must be applied for all region points Once a boundary condition is applied for a boundary point it defines the starting point for that particular boundary condition The boundary condition will then extend over subsequent line segments around the edge of the region in the direction in which the region shape w
32. dary conditions e Apply material properties f Specify model output Run model h Visualize results a Create Model The following steps are required to create the model 1 Open the SVOFFICE Manager dialog 2 Select a project from the list of projects 3 Create a new model called TunnelTutorial by pressing the New button 4 Select the following Application SVSOLID System 2D Type Steady State Units Metric The user should also set the World Coordinate System to ensure that the model will fit in the drawing space The World Coordinate System settings can be set under the World Coordinate System tab on the Create Model dialog 1 Access the World Coordinate System tab on the Create New Model dialog 2 Enter the World Coordinates Sy stem coordinates shown below into the dialog x minimum 10 SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD Tunnel Excavation 52 of 58 y minimum 10 x maximum 400 y maximum 200 3 Click OK to close the dialog 4 Click OK to close the Display Options dialog b Enter Geometry Model Geometry A region in SVSOLID forms the basic building block for a model A region forms a geometric shape that define the material boundaries The model being used in this tutorial has a single region with 2 shapes To add the necessary shapes follow these steps 1 Select Model gt Geometry gt Region Properties Press the New Poly gon button Enter the coordinates 0 0 400 0 400 200 and 0 200 Cl
33. e current model may be run by selecting the Solve Analyze menu option g Visualize Results Window gt AcuMesh The visual results for the current model may be examined by selecting the Window ACUMESH menu option SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Two Dimensional Example Model 14 of 58 2 2 Results and Discussion After the computations for the model have been completed the results will be displayed as a series of thumbnail plots within the SVSOLID solver Right clicking the mouse on any thumbnail plot and selecting Maximize will enlarge that particular graph The following sections will give a brief description of each plot that can be generated The ACUM ESH 2D visualization software can be used for improved graphics quality and a greater range of plotting options Mohr Circle type plots of the principle stresses can be generated for any selected node in the finite element mesh as shown below Stress Below Footing Midpoint Node 300 gei aat a tiep pere pee Shear Stress KPa 269 1 282 8 296 6 310 3 324 1 337 8 351 6 365 3 379 1 392 8 406 6 Normal Stress KPa e Solution Mesh aga ECCE ta Ree Res Na ALA BAA p xs BOERS A Tes SANE EEE as SEA SSA Tanana KU COD BRUCE TAR COOKIN ALE CVSS COCA VAVAYAYA ANN AES ce q lt Pa D SJ jA lt EM ra VAYAYA QA A LOO C VC SIRAC TA ZVAZAZAZS2 ORK EO CE COC OSB TESIR 7 LA
34. e largest differential SOILVISIOn systems vTED Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 48 of 58 settlements took place near the edge of the cover About 10mm of settlement occurred after 5 days of evaporation from the ground surface T e 3 T L 0 5 s 10 4 al Eg 7 r a 2 m 15 4 4 gt 20 4 25 2 L 2 1 The above plot shows vertical displacement below the edge of the cover The plot shows that most of the settlement took place near the ground surface where the change in matric suction was the largest and the where the material has a low elastic modulus SOILVISIOn systems uUTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 49 of 58 T Vertical Displacement 0 02 0 00 0 20 0 40 0 60 0 80 1 00 1 20 1 40 1 60 1 80 2 00 2 20 2 40 2 60 2 80 3 00 3 20 3 20 B Poo Qe me mrw Tgn owa Scale E 2 D 3 6 9 12 x The vertical displacement contours plot shows a maximum settlement of 32mm at the top right corner of the material region The 2D Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover tutorial model is now complete SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD Tunnel Excavation 50 of 58 5 Tunnel Excavation This model demonstrates how to set up a stress deformation model where a circular tunnel is excavated The Ko Loading option is used for initial conditions and the Excavation boundary condition is used for the tunnel The purpose o
35. f this model is to determine the stress conditions in the soil due to the excavation The model dimensions and material properties are provided below The effect of 2 different Ko values will be examined This tutorial model can be set up considering either Ko setting all other settings are the same Project Tunnels Model TunnelExcavation KoPoisson TunnelExcavation KoHigh Minimum authorization required STANDARD Model Description and Geometry Material Boundary Conditions M2 LinearElasic E 1 kPa v 0 P RU OO ie Gj M2 Linear Elas QOE 004 kPa v 0 3 D R1 400 0 Fixed Free D R1 0 200 Fixed Free R1 200 170 Excavation 100 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 X m Material Properties Material 1 M1 model TunnelExcavation_KoHigh Young s Modulus E 10000 kPa Poisson s Ratio n 0 3 Coefficient of Earth Pressure at Rest Ko 5 Initial Void Ratio e 1 2 Unit Weight g 20 kN m Material 2 M2 model TunnelExcavation_KoPoisson SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD Tunnel Excavation 51 of 58 Young s Modulus E 10000 kPa Poisson s Ratio n 0 3 Coefficient of Earth Pressure at Rest Ko n 1 n 0 428715 Initial Void Ratio eg 1 2 Unit Weight g 20 kN m 5 1 Model Setup In order to set up the model described in the preceding section the following steps will be required The steps fall under the general categories of a Create model b Enter geometry Specify initial conditions d Specify boun
36. face Day 3 200 220 240 The plot above shows the pore water pressure along the ground surface after 3 days of evaporation There is a high suction gradient within 1 meter of the outside edge of the cover and the suction change is uniform elsewhere In the plot below the pore water pressure profile below the cover edge after 3 days of evaporation SOILVISION systems UTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 39 of 58 is shown The majority of the suction change occurs near the ground surface When compared to the plots for 1 and 5 days of evaporation it can be seen that the suction change advances deeper with time T T CREE are P N 200 L 1 T 250 1 I ex Depth Day 3 Dt 300 l 7 350 1 1 400 4 4 SVSOLID Stress Deformation Analysis Now that the seepage component of the model has been completed a stress analysis must be defined using SVSOLID This analysis will use the initial pore water pressure transfer file from the Initial SVFLUX Analysis and the final pore water pressure transfer file from the SVFLUX Transient Analysis This stress analysis will be run for 10 steps and the displacements calculated and output at each step These incremental displacements will be summed to obtain the total movements using the summary solution file Project SlabOnGround Model Shrink Day5 UCS3 Minimum authorization required STANDARD N
37. ger There are numerous graphical plots that can be specified to visualize the results of the model A few typical graphs will be generated for this tutorial example model These plots are the solution finite element mesh horizontal and vertical stress contours and displacement vectors 1 Open the Plot Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Reporting gt Plot Manager from the menu Pei Plots Point Area Volume Min Max Other Title Variable Restriction _ Solver Option S Vertical Stress sy Display and Sav 3 amp Horizontal Stress E Display and Sav Y Displacement uv Display and Sav x Final Mesh Deformed Mesh Display and Sav E Geometry Initial Mesh Display and Sav Add New Plot Z e BI Copy Delete Properties Multiple Update QQ L Prorsetings Add Defauts Default Piot OK Caxe 2 The toolbar at the bottom left corner of the Plot Manager dialog contains a button for each plot type Clicking to the Contour button will begin adding the first contour plot The Properties dialog will open 3 Enter the title Vertical Stress 4 Select s as the variable to plot from the drop down 5 Click OK to close the dialog and add the plot to the list of requested graphical plots 6 Repeat Steps 2 to 5 to create the plots as shown above 7 Click OK to close the Plot Manager and return to the workspace f Run Model Solve Analyze Th
38. h directions The steps for specifying the boundary conditions are as follows 1 To open the boundary conditions dialog select Model gt Boundaries gt Boundary Conditions from the menu Select the point 0 3 from the list on the Segment tab From the X Boundary Condition drop down select a Fixed boundary condition From the Y Boundary Condition drop down select a Fixed boundary condition Select the point 12 3 from the list From the Y Boundary Condition drop down select a Free boundary condition Select the point 12 0 from the list From the X Boundary Condition drop down select a Free boundary condition Sec COO ec ces dM uec boo OBS Select the last point 0 0 from the list From the X Boundary Condition drop down select a Fixed boundary condition Click the OK button to close the dialog n Boundary Condition Summary SOILVISION systems UTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 42 of 58 X Boundary Condition Y Boundary Condition poo 3 ma Fea OE 6 3 Continue Continue 2 o Fee Conme 6 o Cotme Conime poo o Fid Conte e Apply Material Properties Model gt Materials The next step in defining the model is to enter the material properties for the material that will be used in the model Refer to the Model Overview section of this tutorial for the relevant material properties 1 Open the Materials dialog by selecti
39. he list of models The new model will be automatically added under the recently created UserTutorial project 5 Select the following Application SVFLUX System 2D Type Transient Units Metric Time Units Days 6 Moveto the Time tab on the Create New Model dialog 7 Set the Start Time as 0 the Initial Increment and Maximum Increment as 1 day and the End Time as 5 days 8 Click OK to close the Create New Model dialog The next step is to define the initial conditions for the model 1 Open the Jnitial Conditions dialog select Initial Conditions gt Settings in the workspace menu 2 Choose the SVFLUX option SOILVISIOn systems uTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 35 of 58 3 Click the Browse button for the Initial SVFLUX File Path and specify the path to the ED Initial SVFlux trn file generated by the ED Initial model 4 Click OK to close the Initial Conditions dialog b Enter Geometry Since the Ground region and its geometry were defined previously for the Initial SVFLUX Analysis the Import SVFLUX Geometry feature can be used to save time for this analysis 1 Select Model gt Import Geometry gt From Existing Model from the menu 2 Select the UserTutorial Project 3 Select the ED Initial model 4 Click the Import button 5 Click Yes to the warning messages 6 The Ground region region shape material properties and World Coordinate System settings will be imported c Specify Boundary
40. ick OK to close the dialog Press the New Circle button Enter X 200 Y 170 and Circle Radius 10 Click OK to close the dialog Click Yes to the confirmation message oe ek Qv QUU a Cro TES Click OK to close the Region Properties dialog c Specify Initial Conditions Model gt Initial Conditions The Ko Loading initial condition option will be used in this model to determine an initial stress profile 1 From the menu select Model gt Initial Conditions gt Settings The Initial Conditions dialog will open 2 Select the Ko loading option 3 Click OK to return to the workspace d Specify Boundary Conditions Model gt Boundaries The next step is to specify the boundary conditions The sides should be fixed in the X direction At the base the region should fixed in both the X and Y directions An Excavation boundary condition will be applied to the circular shape representing the tunnel The steps in specifying the boundary conditions using the Right Click menu are as follows 1 Select the left side segment in the CAD drawing space with the mouse 2 Right Click on the mouse 3 Select X Axis gt Fixed from the right click menu SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD Tunnel Excavation 53 of 58 Mo esc cu gy cm e Select the right side segment in the CAD drawing space with the mouse Right Click on the mouse Select X Axis gt Fixed from the right click menu Select the base segment in the CAD drawing space w
41. ions dialog by selecting Model gt Initial Conditions gt Settings Move to the Pore Water Pressure tab Select Draw Water Table as the Initial PWP Option Click OK to close the dialog b Enter Geometry Model Geometry A region in SVSOLID forms the basic building block for a model A region forms a geometric shape that define the material boundaries The model being used in this tutorial is divided into 2 regions which are named Ground and Seam To add the necessary regions follow these steps 1 2 Open the Regions dialog by selecting Model Geometry Regions from the menu Change the first region name from Region 1 to Ground To do this highlight the name and type the new text Press the New button to add a second region Change the name of the second region to Seam Click OK to close the dialog The shapes that define each material region will now be created Note that when drawing a geometric shape information will be added to the region that is current in the Region Selector The Region Selector is at the top of the workspace Define the Ground The instructions below explain the use of the mouse to create the ground region I S Tm px de Select Ground as the region by going to Model gt Geometry gt Regions and clicking on Ground Press OK to close the dialog Select Draw gt Geometry gt Polygon Region from the menu The cursor will now be changed to cross hairs Move the cursor
42. ith the mouse Right Click on the mouse Select All gt Fixed from the right click menu Select the circle segment in the drawing space with the mouse Right Click on the mouse Select Boundary Conditions from the right click menu The Boundary Conditions dialog will open Select Excavation from the Boundary Condition selector 14 Click the OK button to close the dialog e Apply Material Properties Model gt Materials The next step in defining the model is to enter the material properties for the material that will be used in the model Open the Materials dialog by selecting Model gt Materials gt Manager from the menu Click the New button to create a material Enter M1 for the material name in the dialog that appears The default material type is Linear Elastic 4 5 6 7 8 9 The Material Properties dialog will open Move to the Parameters tab Enter the Young s Modulus value of 10000 kPa Enter the Poisson s Ratio value of 0 3 Move to the Initial Parameter tab Enter a Initial Void Ratio value of 1 2 Select the Relate nu and Ko checkbox Click Yes to the message SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD Tunnel Excavation 54 of 58 11 Press OK to close the Materials Manager dialog Once all material properties have been entered we must apply the material to the region 1 Select the region in the drawing space with the mouse 2 Right click with the mouse 3 Select Apply Material
43. l be automatically added under the recently created UserTutorial project Select the following Application SVFLUX System 2D Type Steady State Units Metric Time Units Seconds The user should also set the World Coordinate System to ensure that the model will fit in the drawing space The World Coordinate System settings can be set under the World Coordinate System tab on the Create Model dialog 1 2 3 Access the World Coordinate System tab on the Create New Model dialog Enter the World Coordinates System coordinates shown below into the dialog x minimum 5 y minimum 8 x maximum 17 y maximum 5 Click OK to close the dialog b Enter Geometry Model Geometry The shape that defines the material region will now be created Note that when drawing geometric shapes the region that is current in the region selector is the region the geometry will be added The Region Selector is at the top of the workspace Region Geometry SOILVISIOn systems uTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 30 of 58 The ground shape can be drawn using the mouse or the data points can be pasted into the Region Properties dialog 1 Open the Regions dialog by selecting Model gt Geometry gt Regions from the menu 2 Change the first region name from R1 to Ground This can be done by highlighting the name and typing new text 3 Select Draw gt Geometry gt Polygon Region from the menu 4 The cursor will now
44. n the software i Plot Manager Output displayed during model solution ii Output M anager Standard finite element files written out for visualization in ACUMESH or for inputting to other finite element packages PLOT MANAGER Model gt Reporting gt Plot Manager There are numerous types of plots that can be specified to visualize the results of the model A few will be generated for this tutorial example model including a plot of the solution mesh stress contours and displacement vectors Plots are not required for model solution but no results can be seen without them The default plots will be present Define any other desired plots from the Suggested Plots table below The default AcuMesh output file will be generated automatically Refer to the section Specify SVFLUX Transient Analysis Plots earlier in this tutorial for instructions on adding plots Suggested Plots Plot Type SOILVISIOn systems UTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 44 of 58 Contour Vertical Stress syssyQ Contour Horizontal Stress sxesyO Contour Pore water Pressure uw Contour Suction sutav Contour Mean Stress it foo Contour VoidRmio w Contour Youngs Moduls E Conor HModus nms Contour Vertical Displacement vevo Vector Displacement we vevO Mesh FiniMesh DeformedMesh h Run Model Solve gt
45. nditions Model gt Initial Conditions The next step in defining the model is to specify the settings that will be used for the model The initial stress conditions initial pore water pressure conditions and final pore water pressure conditions will be defined D 2 3 4 To open the Settings dialog select Model gt Settings in the menu Select Consider PWP as the Analysis option Click OK to close the dialog To open the Initial Conditions dialog select Model gt Initial Conditions gt Settings from the menu Move to the Stress Strain tab SOILVISION systems roD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 41 of 58 6 Select K Loading as the Initial Stress Option A coefficient of earth pressure at rest K value will be entered later on the Material Properties dialog 7 Move to the Pore Water Pressure tab 8 Select Transfer File TRN as the Initial PWP Option 9 Press the Browse button 10 Then specify the path to the PWP trn file output by the Initial SVFLUX Analysis 11 Click OK to close the dialog d Specify Boundary Conditions Model gt Boundaries Now that all of the regions and the model geometry have been successfully defined the next step is to specify the boundary conditions The base of the model will be fixed in both the X and Y directions The left and right boundaries will be fixed in the X direction but will be free to move in the Y direction The ground surface is free to move in bot
46. ne 35 43 Continue Contine 31 43 Continue Contine 27 44 Continue f Contine 25 45 Cone Contine 22 46 Continue Continue 19 47 Cone Continue 15 47 Cone Cone 12 46 Fmd Cone e 12 43 Fee Load Constant 80 5 4 ined Fe SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Two Dimensional Example Model 12 of 58 d Apply Material Properties Model gt Materials The next step in defining the model is to enter the material properties for the two materials that will be used in the model This section provides instructions on creating the clay shale material Repeat the process to add the other material 1 Open the Materials dialog by selecting Model gt Materials gt Manager from the menu 2 Click the New button to create a material 3 Enter Clay Shale for the material name in the dialog that appears and click OK NOTE When a new material is created you can specify the display color of the material by using the Fill Color box in the Material Properties menu This material color will be displayed for any region that has a material assigned to it will display that material s fill color WE oe CONO Sm Lue 11 12 13 14 15 Move to the Parameters tab Enter the Young s Modulus value of 3000 kPa Enter the Poisson s Ratio value of 0 4 Move to the Initial Conditions tab
47. ng Model gt Materials gt Manager from the menu Click the New Material button to create a material Enter a Material Name of ED M aterial Select Gitirana 2 as the Data Type and click OK to create the new material The Material Properties dialog will automatically open Move to the Parameters tab Enter the Poisson s Ratio value of 0 4 SOS GEM EP eo DES Enter the C value of 0 15 10 Enter the C value of 0 13 NOTE The Poisson s Ratio and K are considered as independent variables in this analysis Be sure to leave the Relate nu and K by nu K 1 K checkbox unchecked The K is used for determining initial conditions while the Poisson s Ratio is used in the general stress versus deformation analysis 11 Enter the Void Ratio at 1 kPa Suction and 1kPa Net Mean Stress value of 1 on the Initial Conditions tab 12 Enter the K value of 0 33 13 Moveto the Body Load tab 14 Enter a constant Unit Weight of 17 2 kN m 15 Click OK to close the Material Properties dialog 16 Click OK to close the Materials Manager dialog NOTE For the Unsaturated material model the void ratio is a function of the net mean stress as well as the matric suction Use the Graph Void Ratio button to view graphs of Void Ratio versus Net Mean Stress at a given matric suction and of Void Ratio versus Matric Suction for a given net mean stress sor vision systems UTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 43 of 58 The material tha
48. o a maximum of 1 in order to effectively draw the geometry with this precision using the mouse 1 The View Options dialog should open once the Create Model dialog is closed 2 Enter 1 for both the horizontal and vertical spacing 3 Click OK to close the dialog b Enter Geometry Model Geometry A region in SVSOLID is the basic building block for a model A region will have geometric shapes that define its material boundaries This model is divided into two regions which are called the Slope and the Pillar Each region has one material specified as its material properties The regions and materials can be combined using the following steps 1 Open the Regions dialog by selecting Model gt Geometry gt Regions from the menu 2 Change the first region name from R1 to Slope This can be done by highlighting the name and typing new text 3 Press the New button to add a second region 4 Change the name of the second region to Pillar 5 Click OK to close the dialog e Define the Slope region 1 Select Slope as the region by going to Model gt Geometry gt Regions and clicking on Slope Select Draw gt Geometry gt Region Polygon from the menu The cursor will now be changed to cross hairs ae It ES Move the cursor near 0 0 in the drawing space The coordinates of the current position of the mouse can be viewed on the status bar just below the workspace 5 To select the point as part of the shape left click on
49. on Select the Slope region by going to Model gt Geometry gt Regions and clicking on Slope Select Surface 1 by going to Model gt Geometry gt Surfaces and clicking on Surface 1 From the menu select Model gt Boundaries gt Boundary Conditions The Boundary Conditions dialog will open and display the boundary conditions for Surface 1 These boundary conditions will extend from Surface 1 to Surface 2 over Layer 1 Select the Surface Boundary Conditions tab at the top of the dialog From the X Boundary Condition drop down select a Fixed Boundary Condition From the Y Boundary Condition drop down select a Fixed Boundary Condition From the Z Boundary Condition drop down select a Fixed Boundary Condition Select the Sidewall Boundary Conditions tab at the top of the dialog From the X Boundary Condition drop down for the first point select a Fixed Boundary Condition From the Y Boundary Condition drop down for the first point select a Fixed Boundary Condition NOTE The Fixed boundary condition for the point 0 0 becomes the boundary condition for the following sidewall segments that have a Continue boundary condition applied until a new boundary condition is specified The boundary conditions for the slope region are to be the same for Layer 2 as for Layer 1 Therefore the Surface 1 sidewall boundary conditions can be copied to Surface 2 12 13 14 15 16 In the Boundary Conditions dialog ens
50. op down select a Head Constant Boundary Condition This will cause the Constant box to be enabled 10 In the Constant box enter a head of 2 039 11 Select the point 0 0 from the list 12 From the Boundary Condition drop down select a Zero Flux Boundary Condition 13 Click OK to save the input Boundary Conditions and return to the workspace NOTE The Continue boundary condition indicates that the previously defined boundary condition will apply to the current boundary segment d Apply Material Properties Model gt Materials The next step in defining the model is to enter the Material Properties for the material that will be used in the model Io ge Open the Materials dialog by selecting Model gt Materials gt Manager from the menu Click the New Material button to create a material Name the new material ED_Initial Select the New Material and click Properties to open the Material Properties dialog NOTE SOILVISION systems uUTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 32 of 58 When a new material is created y ou can specify the display color of the material using the Fill Color box on the Material Properties menu Any region that has a material assigned will display the fill color 5 Move to the Hydraulic Conductivity tab 6 Refer to the data provided at the beginning of this tutorial Enter the k value of 1 000E 08 m s Once all material properties have been entered we must apply the material
51. oration of 10 mm day 11 Select the point 6 0 from the list 12 From the Boundary Condition drop down select a Zero Flux Boundary Condition SOILVISION systems UTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 36 of 58 NOTE The Continue boundary condition indicates that the previously defined boundary condition will apply to the current boundary segment 13 Click OK to return to the workspace d Specify Model Output Two levels of output may be specified i output graphs contour plots fluxes etc which are display ed during model solution and ii output which is written to a standard finite element file for viewing with ACUMESH software Output is specified in the following two dialogs in the software i Plot Manager Output displayed during model solution ii Output M anager Standard finite element files written out for visualization in ACUMESH or for inputting to other finite element packages PLOT MANAGER Model gt Reporting gt Plot Manager There are numerous types of plot that can be specified to visualize the results of the model 1 2 ON I J SS 10 11 12 13 14 Open the Plot Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Plot Manager from the menu The toolbar at the bottom left corner of the dialog contains a button for each plot type Click on the Contour button to begin adding the first contour plot The Plot Properties dialog will open Enter the title PWP total Select uw as the v
52. rademarks Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation Soil Vision is a registered trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVOFFICE is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVFLUX is a trademark of SoilVision Sy stems Ltd CHEM FLUX is a trademark of SoilVision Sy stems Ltd SVHEAT is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVAIRFLOW is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVSOLID is a trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd SVSLOPE is a registered trademark of SoilVision Systems Ltd ACUM ESH is a trademark of SoilVision Sy stems Ltd FlexPDE is a registered trademark of PDE Solutions Inc Copyright 2013 by SoilVision Systems Ltd Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada ALL RIGHTS RESERVED Printed in Canada Last Updated May 20 2013 SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD Table of Contents 3 of 58 Tl introduction _ __seveteneszeiciseceateesssecscvacuvecdevaeseessoanestsucensoucsnsesesseveeavesscsevecssussesecenshsetetesescersistecverdencs 4 2 A Two Dimensional Example Model 5 2 1Mode l S tub lt Sau aaah n emen e ERI t RP des E h DEPT 6 2 2 Results and Discussion retener ree rhe ctia re dad inte node de oa de e Pene i s 3 A Three Dimensional Example Model 3 1 Model Setup aee etti rep E edet ht ets ect s 3 2 RESUITS lt ANA Dis CUSSION iecit tre eter enin a ne ER THE TE CR ee
53. t AREE asa 25 4 2D Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 27 4 1 Model OVerVIew trente cerea es eee re abe REPE e ose EM Tes Lebe acere Ere hada 27 4 2 Initial SVFLUX Seepage Analysis cccecssescssssssscsesscsscsesscsecessecsessesssaeseesecessesaeceesesseeesseseesesaesaees 28 2 2 1 Model Setup enrera MM 28 42 2 Results and DISCUSSION ee n oae TDI EP OO UTERE RR EHE 33 4 3 SVFLUX Transient Seepage Analysis cccccccsssscsssscsscsesscsessesecsecsesecsesesseseesesaeeesesaeeseeseseesaesaees 33 4 3 1 Model Seti Daisies red drei orlando rode esee 4 3 2 Results and Discussion 4 4 SVSOLID Stress Deformation Analysis esses eene tenete tnnt tentent tnnt terne rnnt 39 441 Model Set p iie ttai ire tiri teo e eire ten d Pv AA e DS e Pre RR 39 44 2 Results and DISCUSSION 2c teet e e P eee Eve io eoe de e Po ede 45 5 Tunnel Excavation 5 1 Model Setup 52 Results and Dis CUSSTOTL 7er terree cue roh eere etre era Ea Hr ena Pen ene e ue a ev tg 54 GREFEFENCES RN oo 57 SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD Introduction 4 of 58 1 Introduction The Tutorial Manual serves a special role in guiding the first time users of the SVSOLID software through a typical example problem The example is typical in the sense that it is not too rigorous on one hand and not too simple on the other hand The Tutorial Manual serves as a guide by i assisting the user
54. t was previously defined will need to be assigned to the Ground region that was just imported 1 Select Model gt Geometry gt Regions from the menu to open the Regions dialog 2 Select the ED Material from the Material drop down 3 Click OK to close the Regions dialog f Specify Final Conditions Once the material properties have been applied the final conditions should be applied 1 To open the Final Conditions dialog select Model gt Final Conditions from the menu 2 Select Transfer File TRN as the Final PWP Option 3 Press the Browse button 4 Then specify the path to the PWPT 5 trn file output by the SVFLUX Transient Analysis The file corresponds to the pore water pressure after 5 days of evaporation 5 Enter 10 in the steps field 6 Click OK to close the dialog The number of steps will control the incremental change in suction The total change in suction is equal equal to the difference between the initial and final suctions from the specified transfer files The steps will be set to 10 for this analysis Therefore the incremental displacements will be calculated for each suction increment at each step g Specify Model Output Two levels of output may be specified i output graphs contour plots fluxes etc which are displayed during model solution and ii output which is written to a standard finite element file for viewing with ACUM ESH software Output is specified in the following two dialogs i
55. the 3D Plane Interpolation method 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 Select Surface 3 in the Surface Selector Click the Properties button to open the Surface Properties dialog Select the Elevation data from the Surface Definitions Options drop down and select the Elevations tab to set up the elevations for Surface 3 Select point 0 0 Enter a Z elevation of 6 Select point 0 20 Enter a Z elevation of 6 Select point 20 20 Enter a Z elevation of 10 Press the 3D Plane Interpolation button and press the OK button to use the default values Press OK to close the Surfaces dialog Press OK to close the Surface Properties dialog c Specify Boundary Conditions Model gt Boundaries More information on boundary conditions can be found in Menu System gt Model Menu gt Boundary Conditions in the User s Manual Now that all of the regions surfaces and materials have been successfully defined the next step is to specify the boundary conditions on the region shapes The vertical boundaries of the slope will be fixed as will the base A load of 500 kPa can be applied to the top of the pillar The steps for specifying the boundary conditions are as follows e Slope Region 1 Make sure your model is being viewed in 2D This option is available to the left side of the SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Three Dimensional Example Model 22 of 58 cR ED SA 11 workspace by clicking the 2D butt
56. the point 6 Now move the cursor near 20 0 Right click to snap the cursor to the exact point and then left SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Three Dimensional Example Model 19 of 58 click on the point A line is now drawn from 0 0 to 20 0 Now move the cursor near 20 20 Right click to snap the cursor to the exact point and then left click on the point For the last point 0 20 right click to snap the cursor to the point Double click on the point to finish the shape A line is now drawn from 20 20 to 0 20 and the shape is automatically finished by SVSOLID by drawing a line from 0 20 back to the starting point 0 0 e Define the Pillar 9 10 11 12 13 14 Ensure that Pillar is current in the region selector Select Draw gt Geometry gt Region Circle from the menu The cursor will now be changed to cross hairs Move the cursor near 10 10 in the drawing space The coordinates of the current position the mouse can be seen in the status bar just below the drawing space To select a point as part of the shape hold the left click button on the point Drag the cursor in a X or Y direction and release the left click button once the mouse is 2m away from the initial point This will create a 2 meter radius for the circle This model consists of three surfaces with differing dimensions and grid densities By default every model initially has two surfaces e Define Surface 1 This surface is already
57. to the region 1 Select the Ground region in the drawing space with the mouse 2 Right click with the mouse 3 Select Apply Material gt ED Initial e Specify Model Output Two levels of output may be specified i output graphs contour plots fluxes etc which are displayed during model solution and ii output which is written to a standard finite element file for viewing with ACUMESH software Output is specified in the following two dialogs in the software i Plot Manager Output displayed during model solution ii Output Manager Standard finite element files written out for visualization in ACUMESH or for inputting to other finite element packages PLOT MANAGER Model gt Reporting gt Plot Manager The next step is to specify the plots which will be generated by the finite element solver Both the graphs displayed by the FlexPDE solver as well as the output generated for the subsequent analyses must be specified 1 Open the Plot Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Reporting gt Plot Manager from the menu 2 The default plots will be present 3 Specify any other plots of interest 4 Click OK to close the Plot Manager and return to the workspace OUTPUT MANAGER Two output files will be generated for this tutorial example model a file of pore water pressures and a file of heads 5 Open the Output Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Reporting gt Output Manager from the menu 6 The toolbar at the
58. tom left corner of the dialog contains a button for each output file type Click on the SVSOLID button to add the pore water pressure output file 3 Click OK to close the Output Manager and return to the workspace e Run Model Solve gt Analyze The next step is to solve the example problem or analyze the model Select Solve gt Analyze from the menu This action will write the descriptor file and open the SVFLUX solver The solver will automatically begin solving the model f Visualize Results Window gt AcuMesh The results for the current model may be visualized by selecting the Open ACUMESH Window gt ACUMESH menu option 4 3 2 Results and Discussion After the model has finished solving the results will be displayed in the dialog of thumbnail plots within the SVFLUX solver Right click the mouse and select Maximize to enlarge any of the thumbnail plots This section will give a brief analysis for a few plots that were generated The output files requested will be located in the solution file directory for the model SOILVISIOn SYSTEMS uUTDZD Edge Drop of a Flexible Impervious Cover 38 of 58 T PWP Total 165 170 180 190 p to mamn r g p o Ate Cee gh B is oo e b e The pore water pressure contour plot above indicates increased suction near the uncovered ground surface due evaporation from the area outside the flexible slab T 140 160 180 Sur
59. ure that Surface 1 is currently in the drop down Press the Copy Boundary Conditions button to open the Copy Boundary Conditions dialog Select Surface 2 from the list Press OK and Yes to copy the boundary conditions Close the Boundary Conditions dialog Pillar Region 17 18 19 20 21 Select the Pillar region in the region selector Select Surface 3 in the surface selector From the menu select Model gt Boundaries gt Boundary Conditions The Boundary Conditions dialog will open and display the boundary conditions for Surface 3 Select the Surface Boundary Conditions tab at the top of the dialog From the Z Boundary Condition drop down select a Load Constant boundary condition SOILVISION SYSTEMS LTD A Three Dimensional Example Model 23 of 58 22 Enter a value of 500 in the constant field 23 Click OK to close the dialog d Apply Material Properties Model gt Materials The next step in defining the model is to enter the material properties for the two materials comprising the model The slope consists of a till material and the pillar foundation is concrete This section will provide instructions on inputting data for the till material Repeat the process to add the other material 1 Open the Materials Manager dialog by selecting Model gt Materials gt Manager from the menu 2 Click the New button to create a material Enter Till for the material name and Linear Elastic

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