Oscilloscope Tutorial
Contents
1. TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual Basic Concepts 3 wo w w w w w w w w w w w S SC Cn Se gt A Th Cursors This method allows you to take measurements by moving the cursors which always appear in pairs and reading their numeric values from the display readouts There are two types of cursors Voltage and Time Voltage Cursors Voltage cursors appear as horizontal lines on the display and measure the vertical parameters Time Cursors Time cursors appear as vertical lines on the display and measure the horizontal parameters Automated When you take automated measurements the oscilloscope does all the calculating for you Because these measurements use the waveform record points they are more accurate than graticule or cursor measurements Automated measurements use readouts to show measurement results These readouts are updated periodically as the oscilloscope acquires new data Setting Up the Oscilloscope You should become familiar with three functions that you will use often when operating your oscilloscope Autoset saving a setup and recalling a setup Included is a description of the default settings for normal operation of the oscilloscope TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 21 Ww Basic Concepts a ow2. PDR se es ew NY 38 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User M anual TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 39 b Application Examples Application Examples amp To activate and display the signals connected to channel 1 and to channel 2 do these steps Taking Cursor Measurements 1 If the channels are not displayed push the CH 1 MENU and then CH 2 MENU buttons 2 Push the AUTOSET button To select measurements for the two channels do these steps You can use the cursors to quickly take time and voltage measure ments on a waveform Measuring Pulse Width You are analyzing a pulse waveform and you want to know the width of the pulse To measure the width of a pulse using the time cursors do these steps 1 Select the source channels Push the CURSOR button to see the Cursor menu a Push the MEASURE button to see the Measure menu Push the top menu box button to select Time b Push the top menu box button to select Source Push the Source menu box button to select CH 1 c Push the second menu box button to select CH1 for eo GS a Use the CURSOR 1 knob to place a cursor on the rising edge of d Push the third menu box button to select CH2 the pulse 2 Select the type of measurement displayed for each channel 5 Use the CURSOR 2 knob to place the remaining cursor on the falling edge of the pulse a wp we wow w wo wo we web a Push the t
3. Measuring two signals and calculating gain m Taking cursor measurements Measuring pulse width Measuring rise time Measuring ring frequency and ring amplitude m Analyzing signal detail Looking at a noisy signal Using the average function to separate a signal from noise Triggering on a video signal Triggering on video fields and video lines Using the window function to see waveform details Triggering on odd or even video fields m Analyzing a differential communication signal Using math functions m Viewing impedance changes in a network Using XY mode Using persistence 36 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual A a p e a TvrvnrnrrnrreRR PP PP R ii A A i BI i en A ie AA P U U w W ww Y e VU DV Q t e wy e w w ws N NY 4 a y a 5 Application Examples TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 37 Taking Simple Measurements You need to see a signal in a circuit but you do not know the amplitude or frequency of the signal You want to quickly display the signal and measure the frequency period and peak to peak amplitude D Sy Using Autoset To quickly display a signal do these steps 1 Connect the channel 1 probe to the signal 2 Push the AUTOSET button The oscilloscope sets the vertical horizontal and trigger controls automatically If you want to optimize the display of the waveform you can manually
4. TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual i D DD wewnesewwwewweewe www Tt TrTT T T i E i iif tP WwW UVU UV v wa Ss FS 9 f Application Examples 5 Adjust the VOLTS DIV knob to set the waveform amplitude to exactly five divisions 6 Use the VERTICAL POSITION knob to center the waveform position the baseline of the waveform 2 5 divisions below the center graticule 7 Push the CURSOR button to see the Cursor menu 8 Push the top menu box button to set the type to Time 9 Use the CURSOR 1 knob to place the cursor at the point where the waveform crosses the second graticule line below center screen This is the 10 point on the waveform 10 Use the CURSOR 2 knob to place the second cursor at the point where the waveform crosses the second graticule line above center screen This is the 90 point on the waveform 11 The delta readout in the cursor menu is the rise time of the waveform 5 divisions HH 5 400 us 185 2kHz Cursor 4 3 200 u5 Cursor 2 2 200 us NOTE The TDS2MM extension module provides rise time as an automatic measurement TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 43 Application Examples 44 Measuring Ring Frequency To measure the ring frequency at the rising edge of a signal do these steps 1 Push the CURSOR button to see the Cursor menu 2 Push the top menu box butt
5. Using Autoset a p The Autoset function obtains a stable waveform display for you It 0 perating B as IC S automatically adjusts the vertical and horizontal scaling as well as a the trigger coupling type position slope level and mode settings l i Saving a Setup 3 The front panel is divided into easy to use functional areas This 3 aot 8 section provides you with a quick overview of the controls and the By default the oscilloscope saves the setup each time it is powered z information displayed on the screen The next figure shows the front off The oscilloscope automatically recalls this setup the next time it panels for a TDS 2 10 or TDS 220 and for a TDS 224 oscilloscope is powered on NOTE You should wait at least five seconds after your lust change to the setup before you turn off the power This ensures that the setup is amp f saved properly Tektronix TDS 220 EEn ree osoo You can also permanently save up to five setups in the memory of the oscilloscope and overwrite setups as needed Recalling a Setup 3 The oscilloscope can recall any of the saved setups or the factory default setup s Defaults Factory Setup a The oscilloscope is set up for normal operation when it is shipped from the factory You can recall the factory default setup any time s you want to operate the oscilloscope
6. and use the HOLDOFF knob to change the acquisition mode the number of waveforms specified in the number i amount of time in the holdoff period of averages ure acquired before the acquisition stops e 3 amp 3 amp 3 s e S 12 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual r w 9 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 13 D Basic Concepts Coupling Trigger coupling determines what part of the signal passes on to the trigger circuit Coupling types include DC AC Noise Rejection High Frequency Rejection and Low Frequency Rejection DC DC coupling passes both AC and DC components AC AC coupling blocks DC components Noise Rejection Noise Reject coupling lowers the trigger sensitivity and requires more signal amplitude for stable triggering This reduces the chance of falsely triggering on noise High Frequency Rejection HF Reject coupling blocks the high frequency portion and passes on only the low frequency components Low Frequency Rejection LF Reject coupling does the opposite of high frequency rejection Position The horizontal position control establishes the time between the trigger and the screen center Refer to Horizontal Scale and Position Pretrigger Information on page 17 for more information on how to use this control to position the trigger Slope and Level The Slope and Level controls help to define the trigger The Slope control determines w
7. To make a large adjustment to the horizontal position change VOLTS DIV CH1 CH 2 CH 3 1 CH 4 Selects calibrated scale factors the SEC DIV to 50 ms change the horizontal position and then MATH MENU Displays waveform math operations menu and can also amp 3 DE EAEAN PAE DEE VOE be used to toggle the math waveform on and off amp 3 HORIZONTAL MENU Displays the horizontal menu 9 k amp s s s 30 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual z amp i 9 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 31 Operating Basics SECIDIV Selects the horizontal time div scale factor for the main or the window time base When Window Zone is enabled it changes the width of the window zone by changing the window time base Refer to page 73 for details about creating and using the Window Zone Trigger Controls TRIGGER TRIGGER P SET TO 50 LEVEL MENU FORCE TRIG ve HOLDOFF TRIG VIEW TRIGGER HOLDOFF MENU TDS 224 SET LEVEL TO 50 FORCE TRIGGER TRIGGER VIEW TDS 210 and TDS 220 LEVEL and HOLDOFF This control has a dual purpose As an edge trigger level control it sets the amplitude level the signal must cross to cause an acquisition As a holdoff control it sets the amount of time before another trigger event can be accepted Refer to Holdoff on page 13 for more information 32 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual Phan RO ee OGG HH a sh W URES Vi
8. When you select the Waveforms menu you can use the remaining menu boxes to save or recall waveforms The SAVE RECALL MEASURE and TRIGGER front panel buttons display Page Selection menu boxes Page Selection Action Button Radio Button Circular List Ht Coupling or Persist Coupling Average Averages Contrast Increase Contrast Decrease TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 27 Operating Basics Waveform Displays Obtaining a waveform display is dependent on many instrument settings Once you obtain a waveform you can take your measure ments But the appearance of these waveforms also provides key information about the waveform Depending on the type waveforms will be displayed in three different styles black gray and broken 1 A solid black waveform indicates a live waveform display The waveform remains black when the acquisition is stopped if no controls are changed that make the display accuracy uncertain Changing the vertical and horizontal controls is allowed on stopped acquisitions TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual wW vV Ww V w w v w w w w w w wo w wv Ww J a Ro w a s cB Operating Basics 2 Reference waveforms and waveforms with persistence applied appear gray 3 A broken line appearance indicates the waveform display accuracy is uncertain This is the result of stopping the ac
9. adjust these controls When you use more than one channel the autoset function sets the vertical controls for each channel and uses the lowest numbered active channel to set the horizontal and trigger controls 9 Application Examples Application Examples Taking Automatic Measurements 3 Measuring Two Signals The oscilloscope can take automatic measurements of most You are testing a piece of equipment and need to measure the gain of displayed signals To measure signal frequency period and peak to peak amplitude do these steps Push the MEASURE button to see the Measure menu the audio amplifier You have an audio generator that can inject a test signal at the amplifier input Connect two oscilloscope channels to the amplifier input and output as shown Measure both signal levels and use the measurements to calculate the gain Push the top menu box button to select Source Select CH1 for the first three measurements Push the first CH1 menu box button to select Freq 1 2 3 4 Push the top menu box button to select Type 5 6 Push the second CH1 menu box button to select Period 7 Push the third CH1 menu box button to select Pk Pk The frequency period and peak to peak measurements are shown in the menu and are updated periodically CH1 CH2 ry PET PAEPAE PAEA AAAA OG GG amp
10. menu but are not adjustable TDS 210 and TDS 220 wee CH1 CH2 w CH3 CH4 CATII UTILITY Displays the utility menus w w wy Y w PPP ene ee AUTOSET Automatically sets the instrument controls to produce a T 4 usable display of the input signal l F c HARDCOPY Starts print operations An extension module with a Z A Centronics RS 232 or GPIB port is required Refer to Optional TDS 224 Accessories on page 98 A RUN STOP Starts and stops waveform acquisition PROBE COMP Voltage probe compensation output and ground Use this to electrically match the probe to the input circuit Refer to page 6 The probe compensation ground and BNC shields are connected to earth ground Do not connect a voltage source to these ground terminals w sy vyv y Y w CH 1 CH 2 CH 3 amp CH 4 Input connectors for waveform display EXT TRIG Input connector for an external trigger source Use the trigger menu to select the trigger source s W D 5 s s 9 en 34 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual PS z Bas d9 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 35 Application Examples This section presents a series of application examples These simplified examples highlight the features of the oscilloscope and give you ideas for using it to solve your own test problems m Taking simple measurements Using Autoset Using the Measure menu to take automatic measurements
11. using or starting from the 7 Tektronix TDS224 SERR near factory default settings e 1 ie bi s ale e s amp s s 22 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual amp i 3 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 23 i s Operating Basics a Operating Basics a Display Area i gt indi i piay a 2 Trigger status indicates the following In addition to displaying waveforms the display is filled with many C Armed The instrument is acquiring pretrigger data All details about the waveform and the instrument control settings 7 triggers are ignored in this state 3 B Ready All pretrigger data has been acquired and the 1 2 3 4 5 instrument is ready to accept a trigger LJ Tria d The instrument has seen a trigger and is acquiring the Trig d 1 a posttrigger data F B Auto The instrument is in auto mode and is acquiring 1 a 2 waveforms in the absence of triggers C Scan The instrument is acquiring and displaying waveform data continuously in scan mode 13 Si 3 Stop The instrument has stopped acquiring waveform data a 3 Marker shows horizontal trigger position This is adjusted by the Horizontal Position control i 5 4 Readout shows the time difference between the center graticule and horizontal trigger position Center screen equals zero f 5 Marker shows trigger level 1
12. 0 kS s 250 0 kHz 2 58 100 0 S s 250 0 kS s 125 0 kHz 5 05 50 0 s s fvoaes some There are various ways to prevent aliasing adjust the horizontal scale push the AUTOSET button or change the acquisition mode 1 25 kHz 500 0 Hz 250 0 Hz 125 0 Hz 250 0 us 500 0 us 1 0 ms 25 0 Hz NOTE If aliasing occurs change to the Peak Detect acquisition mode described on page 16 This mode samples the highest and lowest values so that the oscilloscope can detect faster signals TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 19 Basic Concepts Taking Measurements The oscilloscope displays graphs of voltage versus time and can help you to measure the displayed waveform There are several ways to take measurements You can use the graticule the cursors or an automated measurement Graticute This method allows you to make a quick visual estimate For example you might look at a waveform amplitude and determine that it is a little more than 100 mV You can take simple measurements by counting the major and minor graticule divisions involved and multiplying by the scale factor For example if you counted five major vertical graticule divisions between the minimum and maximum values of a waveform and knew you had a scale factor of 100 mV division then you could easily calculate your peak to peak voltage as follows 5 divisions x 100 mV division 500 mV
13. 27 Chi SOQm Ch2 200m M 500ms MADRS i 4 6 Readout shows numeric value of the trigger level Pee ia Be a 7 Icon shows selected trigger type as follows 11 L0 9 87 6 3 Jo oi Edge trigger for the rising edge i 1 a Edge trigger for the falling edge 1 Icon display shows acquisition mode oa I aidot for li Video trigger for line sync A Sample ode B wa Video trigger for field sync wl Peak detect mode Average mode gt e 3 z E A z 5 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 3 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual Operating Basics 8 Readout shows trigger source used for triggering 9 Readout shows window time base setting if it is in use 10 Readout shows main time base setting 11 Readouts show the vertical scale factors of the channels 12 Display area shows on line messages momentarily 13 On screen markers show the ground reference points of the displayed waveforms No marker indicates the channel is not displayed Using the Menu System 26 The user interface of the TDS 200 series oscilloscopes was designed for easy access to specialized functions through the menu structure When you press a menu button on the front panel the associated menu title displays at the top right of the screen There can be up to five menu boxes below the menu title To the right of each menu box is a bezel button you can use to change the menu setting There are four t
14. Edge and Video Edge You can use the edge trigger with analog and digital test circuits An edge trigger occurs when the trigger input passes through a specified voltage level in the specified direction Video You can use the video trigger on fields or lines of standard video signals Refer to Triggering on a Video Signal on page 52 Modes The trigger mode determines how the oscilloscope behaves in the absence of a trigger event The oscilloscope provides three trigger modes Auto Normal and Single TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 11 Basic Concepts A i Basic Concepts i o Auto This trigger mode allows the oscilloscope to acquire a C waveform even when it does not detect a trigger condition If no Holdoff trigger condition occurs while the oscilloscope waits for a specific amp 2 Triggers are not recognized during holdoff time the period that period as determined by the time base setting it will force itself to follows each acquisition For some signals you need to adjust the trigger a holdoff period to produce a stable display Refer to Time Base on page 16 for more information on time bases The trigger signal can be a complex waveform with many possible When forcing invalid triggers the oscilloscope cannot synchronize 3 trigger points on at such asa digital pulse train Even though the the waveform and the waveform seems to roll across the display If E waveform is repet
15. cepts The channel reference indicator located on the left of the graticule identifies each waveform on the display The indicator points to the ground level of the waveform record Vertical Scale and Position You can change the vertical position of waveforms by moving them up or down on the display To compare data you can align a waveform above another or you can align waveforms on top of each other You can change the vertical scale of a waveform The waveform display will contract or expand about the ground level Horizontal Scale and Position Pretrigger Information You can adjust the Horizontal Position control to view waveform data before the trigger after the trigger or some of each When you change the horizontal position of a waveform you are actually changing the time between the trigger and the center of the display This appears to move the waveform to the right or left on the display For example if you want to find the cause of a glitch in your test circuit you might trigger on the glitch and make the pretrigger period large enough to capture data before the glitch You can then analyze the pretrigger data and perhaps find the cause of the glitch You change the horizontal scale of all the waveforms by using the SEC DIV knob For example you might want to see just one cycle of a waveform to measure the overshoot on its rising edge TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 17 Basic Con
16. cepts The oscilloscope shows the time per division in the scale readout Since all active waveforms use the same time base the oscilloscope only displays one value for all the active channels except when you use a Window Zone Aliasing Aliasing occurs when the oscilloscope does not sample the signal fast enough to construct an accurate waveform record When aliasing happens you see a waveform with a frequency lower than the actual waveform being input or a waveform that is not stable even though the oscilloscope triggered Actual high frequency waveform Apparent low frequency waveform due to abasing Sampled points One way to check for aliasing is to slowly change the horizontal scale with the SEC DIV knob If the shape of the waveform changes drastically you may have aliasing To represent a signal accurately and avoid aliasing you must sample the signal more than twice as fast as the highest frequency compo nent For example a signal with frequency components of 5 MHz would need to be sampled at 10 Megasamples per second or faster 18 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual w ww g U A G a uw w J Sb us www ww as Basic Concepts The next table lists the time bases that you should use to avoid aliasing at various frequencies and the respective sample rate fe se per second frequency Time base per second Maximum frequency 25 0 kHz 12 5 kHz Time base 500
17. e 8 amp amp S G G GH Getting Started Probe Attenuation Setting Probes are available with various attenuation factors which affect the vertical scale of the signal To change or check the probe attenuation setting press the VERTICAL MENU button of the channel you are using and then press the menu selection next to Probe until the correct setting is displayed This setting remains in effect until changed again NOTE The default Probe attenuation setting is 1X when the oscilloscope is shipped 8 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual UE a A A DUACI tw w u w W a w Basic C oncepts To use your oscilloscope effectively you must understand the following basic concepts E Triggering E Acquiring data a Scaling and positioning waveforms Measuring waveforms m Setting Up the oscilloscope The figure below shows a block diagram of the various functions of an oscilloscope and their relationship to each other Each Vertical channel gain qna 7 Display position Computer interface TDS2CM Ext Ti AC Line ngger TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual Basic Concepts Triggering 10 The trigger determines when the oscilloscope starts to acquire data and display a waveform When a trigger is set up properly it can convert unstable displays or blank screens into meaningful waveforms Untriggered waveforms Trig
18. gered waveform When the oscilloscope starts to acquire a waveform it collects enough data so that it can draw the waveform to the left of the trigger point The oscilloscope continues to acquire data while waiting for the trigger condition to occur After it detects a trigger the oscilloscope continues to acquire enough data so that it can draw the waveform to the right of the trigger point Source You can derive your trigger from various sources Input channels AC Line and External Input The most commonly used trigger source is any one of the input channels The channel you select as a trigger source will function whether it is displayed or not TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual Yd ADUA P uu s a i IS Basic Concepts AC Line You can use this trigger source when you want to look at signals related to the power line frequency such as lighting equipment and power supply devices The oscilloscope generates the trigger so you do not have to input a trigger signal External TDS 210 and TDS 220 Only You can use this trigger source when you want to acquire data on two channels and trigger from a third For example you might want to trigger from an external clock or with a signal from another part of the test circuit For the TDS 2 10 and TDS 220 oscilloscopes you can connect an external trigger signal to the EXT TRIG connector Types The oscilloscope provides two types of triggers
19. hether the oscilloscope finds the trigger point on the rising or the falling edge of a signal To access the trigger slope control press the TRIGGER Menu button select Edge and use the Slope button to select Rising or Falling TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual a a e A Ma a E a a a DNA Ss wW U 2 w w w w w W w we w w w wo Se Swe we we Ss Basic Concepts The Level control determines where on the edge the trigger point occurs To access the trigger level control press the HORIZONTAL Menu button select Level and use the LEVEL knob to change the value Positive going Negative going edge edge Trigger level can be adjusted vertically Trigger slope can be positive or negative Acquiring Data When you acquire analog data the oscilloscope converts it into a digital form You can acquire data using three different acquisition modes The timebase setting affects how rapidly data is acquired Acquisition Modes There are three acquisition modes Sample Peak Detect and Average Sample In this acquisition mode the oscilloscope samples the signal in evenly spaced intervals to construct the waveform This mode accurately represents analog signals most of the time TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 15 Basic Concepts However this mode does not acquire rapid variations in the analog signal that may occur between samples This can resul
20. itive 4 simple trigger might result in a series of valid triggers occur the display becomes stable on the screen i patterns on the screen instead of the same pattern each time You can use Auto mode to monitor an amplitude level such as a 3 a power supply output which may cause the waveform to roll across l Acquisition Acquisition Acquisition the display interval interval interval Normal The Normal mode allows the oscilloscope to acquire a waveform only when it is triggered If no trigger occurs the 3 Trigger level oscilloscope will not acquire a new waveform and the previous waveform if any will remain on the display o Indicates trigger points Single The Single mode allows the oscilloscope to acquire one 1 oe Holdoft Holdoff Holdoft peal rac you press the RUN button and the trigger Triggers are not recognized during holdoff time condition is detected a The data that the oscilloscope acquires depends on the acquisition e mode Refer to Acquisition Modes on page 15 for more information a For example you could use the holdoff period to prevent triggering on the type of data each acquisition mode will acquire on any other pulse except the first one in a pulse train This way the 19 oscilloscope would always display the first pulse NOTE Wh he Sinole tri de wih then To access the Holdoff control press the HORIZONTAL Menu i W en you sethe Single tigger mode wira eee 3 button select Holdoff
21. on to select Time 3 Use the CURSOR 1 knob to place a cursor on the first peak of the ring 4 Use the CURSOR 2 knob to place a cursor on the second peak of the ring You can see the delta time and frequency the measured ring frequency in the Cursor menu yp irik UTC Delta 10 00ns 100 0MH2 Cursor 1 5 600ns Cursor 2 15 60ns TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual C a E E gt E E a om w a 7 gg W Ww Ww W w sy vV P WV W p bpe WP 4g JB SB ny Application Examples Measuring Ring Amplitude You measured the ring frequency in the previous example Now you want to measure the amplitude of the ringing To measure the amplitude do these steps 1 Push the CURSOR button to see the Cursor menu 2 Push the top menu box button to select Voltage 3 Use the CURSOR 1 knob to place a cursor on the highest peak of the ring 4 Use the CURSOR 2 knob to place a cursor on the lowest point of the ring You can see the following measurements in the cursor menu m The delta voltage peak to peak voltage of the ringing a The voltage at Cursor 1 a The voltage at Cursor 2 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 45
22. op menu box button to select Type b Push the CH1 menu box button to select Pk Pk You can see the following measurements in the Cursor menu 3 PAUPA AAMA AR A HF AAR A TOS TS SS SS RS RR LS AT A A A N 3 l c Push the CH2 menu box button to select Pk Pk The time at Cursor 1 relative to the trigger 3 Read the peak to peak amplitudes for channel 1 and channel 2 in 9 m The time at Cursor 2 relative to the trigger the menu display 3 The delta time which is the pulse width measurement 4 Calculate the amplifier gain using the following equations 3 output lit F Gain eu amplitude bs input amplitude Gain dB 20 x log Gain s s i Ss al a 40 D ta a Manna 5 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 4 Application Examples 42 NOTE The TDS2MM extension module provides pulse width as an automatic measurement Measuring Rise Time After measuring the pulse width you decide that you need to check the rise time of the pulse Typically you measure rise time between the 10 and 90 portion of the waveform To measure the rise time do these steps 1 Adjust the SEC DIV knob to display the rising edge of the waveform 2 Adjust the VOLTS DIV knob to set the waveform amplitude to about five divisions 3 Push the CH 1 MENU button to see the CH1 menu if it is not displayed 4 Push the Volts Div button to select Fine
23. quisi tion and then changing a control setting that the instrument cannot modify the displayed waveform to match For example changing the trigger controls on a stopped acquisition causes a broken line waveform Vertical Controls VERTICAL A POSITION Z POSITION Vv VW MATH cursor 1 MENU cursor 2 CH 1 C H aaa pae QIQ TDS 210 and TDS 220 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual Operating Basics e 7 e Operating Basics e s MATH l Q i memoj Horizontal Controls 5 3 VERTICAL C a HORIZONTAL HORIZONTAL ZA POSITION ZA POSITION ZS POSITION A POSITION Vv y M Da lt position gt MENU MENU SEc piv D O O CURSOR 1 CURSOR 2 E 1 ca H2 CH co CH4 a Jj Menu Menu menu HORIZONTAL VOLTS DIV VOLTS DIV VOLTS DIV 4 a VOLTS DIV OLTS C3 TDS 224 C C A i a Koy S Z N 5V amv s X JJ TDS 224 3 sss 3 TDS 210 and TDS 220 CH1 2 3 amp 4 and CURSOR 1 amp 2 POSITION Positions the waveform yercally Whoncune ce mune On and Mescursgr MEDU Ig 3 POSITION Adjusts the horizontal position of all channels and math displayed these knobs position the cursors waveforms The resolution of this control varies with the time base CH 1 CH 2 CH 3 amp CH 4 MENU Displays the channel input menu 3 selections and toggles the channel display on and off ie al a NOTE
24. t in aliasing described on page 18 and may cause narrow pulses to be missed In these cases you should use the Peak Detect mode to acquire data Peak Detect In this acquisition mode the oscilloscope finds the highest and lowest values of the input signal over a sample interval and uses these values to display the waveform In this way the oscilloscope can acquire and display narrow pulses which may have otherwise been missed in Sample mode Noise will appear to be higher in this mode Average In this acquisition mode the oscilloscope acquires several waveforms averages them and displays the resulting waveform You can use this mode to reduce random noise Time Base The oscilloscope digitizes waveforms by acquiring the value of an input signal at discrete points The time base allows you to control how often the values are digitized To adjust the time base to a horizontal scale that suits your purpose use the SEC DIV knob Scaling and Positioning Waveforms You can change the display of waveforms by adjusting their scale and position When you change the scale the waveform display will increase or decrease in size When you change the position the waveform will move up down right or left TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual d e e gt 7D w w WV Ub w wy w w wv s v 7v yvy y w us we ws S W Basic Con
25. v v yyy Uyy 2 S g u Wv p BS u Ve uuw y 5 J Operating Basics TRIGGER MENU Displays the trigger menu SET LEVEL TO 50 The trigger level is set to the vertical midpoint between the peaks of the trigger signal FORCE TRIGGER Starts an acquisition regardless of an adequate trigger signal This button has no effect if the acquisition is already stopped TRIGGER VIEW Displays the trigger waveform in place of the channel waveform while the TRIGGER VIEW button is held down You can use this to see how the trigger settings affect the trigger signal such as trigger coupling Menu and Control Buttons SAVE RECALL MEASURE ACQUIRE AUTOSET C s C UTILITY CURSOR DISPLAY HARDCOPY RUN STOP TDS 210 and TDS 220 SAVE RCL MEASURE ACQUIRE AUTOSET HARDCOPY RUN STOP UTILITY CURSOR DISPLAY 0 0 0 TDS 224 TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual 33 j gt canes Operating Basics 6 2 SAVE RECALL Displays the save recall menu for setups and E 2 waveforms Connectors MEASURE Displays the automated measurements menu 3 ACQUIRE Displays the acquisition menu f wne CHA EXT TRIG DISPLAY Displays the display menu CURSOR Displays the cursor menu Vertical Position controls adjust cursor position while displaying the cursor menu and the cursors are turned on Cursors remain displayed unless turned off after leaving the cursor
26. ypes of menu boxes you can use to change settings Circular Lists Action Buttons Radio Buttons and Page Selections Circular List Menu Boxes A Circular List menu box appears with a title on top with the selected choice listed below in reverse video For example you can push the menu box button to cycle through the vertical coupling choices in the CH1 Menu TDS 200 Series Digital Oscilloscope User Manual w iw w a a wy w a a V vy w w w 3 s y 3 v Operating Basics Action Button Menu Boxes An Action Button menu box displays the name of the action For example you can use the two lowest menu boxes in the DISPLAY menu to increase or decrease the contrast Radio Button Menu Boxes Radio Button menu boxes are separated by dashed lines The name of the selected menu box displays in reverse video For example you can use the top three menu boxes in the ACQUIRE menu to select an acquisition mode Page Selection Menu Boxes A Page Selection menu box contains two menus for a single button on the front panel with the selected menu displayed in reverse video Each time you press the top menu box button to toggle between the two menus the menu boxes below also change For example when you press the SAVE RECALL front panel button the top Page Selection menu contains the names of two menus Setups and Waveforms When you select the Setups menu you can use the remaining menu boxes to save or recall setups
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