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17655-D02 PM100A User Manual Rev A

1. PTRansition NTRansition value NTRansition ENABle value ENABle PRESet Path to control questionable event registers Read the event register Read the condition register Program the positive transition filter Read the positive transition filter Program the negative transition filter Read the negative transition filter Program the enable register Read the enable register Return status registers to default states 6 5 2 3 3 DISPlay subsystem commands Command Description DISPlay BRIGhtness value BRIGhtness CONTrast value CONTrast Path to DISPlay subsystem SCPI Vol 2 S8 Set the display birghtness SCPI Vol 2 88 2 Return the display birghtness value SCPI Vol 2 88 2 Set the display contrast SCPI Vol 2 88 4 Return the display conrast value SCPI Vol 2 88 4 Commands for PM100D only 6 5 2 3 4 CALibration subsystem commands Command Description CALibration Path to CALibration subsystem SCPI Vol 2 85 STRing Returns a human readable calibration string This is a query only command The response is formatted as string response data 46 6 5 SCPI Commands 6 5 2 3 5 SENSe subsystem commands Command Description SENSe Path to SENSe subsystem SCPI Vol 2 18 AVERage COUNt lt value Sets the averaging rate 1 sample takes approx 3ms COUNt Queries the averaging rate CORRect
2. 7 5 Thorlabs End of Life policy WEEE 7 5 Thorlabs End of Life policy WEEE As required by the WEEE Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive of the European Community and the corresponding national laws Thorlabs offers all end users in the EC the possibility to return end of life units without incurring disposal charges This offer is valid for Thorlabs electrical and electronic equipment sold after August 13 2005 e marked correspondingly with the crossed out wheelie bin logo see Figure 14 e sold to a company or institute within the EC e currently owned by a company or institute within the EC e Still complete not disassembled and not contaminated As the WEEE directive applies to self contained operational electrical and electronic products this end of life take back service does not refer to other Thorlabs products such as e pure OEM products that means assemblies to be built into a unit by the user e g OEM laser driver cards e components e mechanics and optics e left over parts of units disassembled by the user PCB s housings etc If you wish to return a Thorlabs unit for waste recovery please contact Thorlabs or your nearest dealer for further information 7 5 1 Waste treatment on your own responsibility If you do not return an end of life unit to Thorlabs you must hand it to a company specialized in waste recovery Do not dispose of the unit in a litter bin or at a public
3. The braces are not sent with the command string A vertical bar separates multiple parameter choices for a given command string Triangle brackets lt gt indicate that you must specify a value for the enclosed parameter For example the above syntax statement shows the range parameter enclosed in triangle brackets The brackets are not sent with the command string You must specify a value for the parameter such as CURR DC RANG 50E 6 Some parameters are enclosed in square brackets The brackets indicate that the parameter is optional and can be omitted The brackets are not sent with the command string In this example DC can be omitted so the command string can be shortened to CURR RANG 50E 6 If you do not specify a value for an optional parameter the power energy meter chooses a default value Command Separators A colon is used to separate a command keyword from a lower level keyword You must insert a blank space to separate a parameter from a command keyword If a command requires more than one parameter you must separate adjacent parameters using a comma as shown below SYST TIME 10 34 48 A semicolon is used to separate commands within the same subsystem and can also minimize typing For example sending the following command string CORR BEAM 1 WAVE 1310 ls the same as sending the following two commands CORR BEAM 1 CORR WAVE 10 Use a colon and a semicolon to link comm
4. waste disposal site 60 7 5 Thorlabs End of Life policy WEEE 7 5 2 Ecological background It is well known that WEEE pollutes the environment by releasing toxic products during decomposition The aim of the European RoHS directive is to reduce the content of toxic substances in electronic products in the future The intent of the WEEE directive is to enforce the recycling of WEEE A controlled recycling of end of live products will thereby avoid negative impacts on the environment Figure 14 Crossed out wheelie bin symbol 61 7 6 List of figures 7 6 List of figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 62 Physical Overview Front Panel Physical Overview Side Panel Rear View Physical Overview Bottom View Display Setup Wavelength Correction Zeroing Attenuation Relative Measurement Display Options Photodiode Mode Tune Sound Pin assignment of the sensor connector jack female Crossed out wheelie bin symbol 10 10 11 11 12 16 16 17 18 18 20 22 59 61 7 7 Addresses 7 7 Addresses Our Company is represented by several distributors and sales offices throughout the world Europe USA Thorlabs GmbH Thorlabs Inc Hans Boeckler Str 6 435 Route 206 North D 85221 Dachau Newton NJ 07860 Germany USA Sales and Support Sales and Support Phone 49 0 8131 5956 0 Phone 1 973 579 72
5. 32 17 3 9450E 5 W 180 10 32 17 3 9148E 5 W Histogram Intervals 10 10 32 17 3 8145E 5 Ww 160 10 32 17 3 9440E 5 W 140 10 32 16 3 9119E 5 W 120 10 32 16 3 9128E 5 W Min 36 60uW Max 39 19uW 7 1032 10 3810985 w 10 32 16 3 8101E 5 Ww 60 10 32 16 3 9096E 5 W LEEEELELEEEEETLEEEEEEEEEEEEEELETTTI 10 32 18 3 9081E 5 W sag 10 32 16 3 9068E 5 W Range 66uW Wave 635nm Meas Config Units Display 20 a i i lj D D 10 32 16 3 9063E 5 W 07 D 1 D 1 10 32 16 3 9064E 5 wr Log Config Stop Log Reset Clear Quit 3 6E 5 3 7E 5 3 8E 5 3 9E 5 4E f 10 32 15 3 9047 E 5 w 3 92E 5 3 90E 5 3 88E 5 3 86E 5 3 84E 5 3 82E 5 3 80E 5 3 78E 5 3 76E 5 3 74E 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ty 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 380 400 420 440451 6 1 2 Description of the Front Panel Elements Header This indicator shows the device setup console type PM100A PM100D or PM100USB serial number of the console sensor type sensor serial number Main Display The display has a configurable display resolution Independent from the measurement range the display always has the full number of the selected digits To achieve best AD converter resolution it is necessary to set the measurement range according to the signal to measure A trigger indicator shows whether the unit is sampling data A indicator or a new measurement value ge
6. A IEC 61000 4 6 Conducted RF Immunity Performance Criterion A IEC 61000 4 8 Power Frequency Magnetic Field Immunity Perf Criterion A IEC 61000 4 11 Voltage Dips Short Interruptions and Voltage Variations Immunity Performance Criterion A C IEC 61000 3 2 AC Power Line Harmonic Emissions IEC 61000 3 3 Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker FCC EMC Compliance Emissions comply with the Class B Limits of FCC Code of Federal Regulations 47 Part 15 Subpart B EC Declaration of Conformity Compliance was demonstrated to the following specification as listed in the Official Journal of the European Communities Low Voltage Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC amended by 93 68 EEC EN 61010 1 2001 Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use U S Nationally UL 61010 1 2 ed Safety requirements for electrical Recognized equipment for measurement control and Testing laboratory use Laboratory ISA 82 02 01 Safety requirements for electrical Listing equipment for measurement control and laboratory use Canadian CAN CSA C22 2 No 61010 1 04 Safety requirements for electrical Certification equipment for measurement control and laboratory use Additional IEC 61010 1 2001 Safety requirements for electrical Compliance equipment for measurement control and laboratory use Equipment Type Test and measuring Safety
7. Accuracy Gain Bandwidth 5 mA 1 pA 0 2 f s 4 x 10 V A 100 kHz 25 Hz 500 pA 100 nA 0 2 f s 4 x 10 V A 100 kHz 25 Hz 50 pA 10 nA 0 2 f s 4 x 10 V A 100 kHz 25 Hz 5 pA 1 nA 0 2 f s 4 x 10 V A 100 kHz 25 Hz 500 nA 100 pA 0 2 f s 4 x 10 V A 10 kHz 25 Hz 50 nA 10 pA 0 5 f s 4x10 V A 1 kHz 25 Hz Voltage Input Thermal Sensors Voltage Range Display Measurement Analog Output Analog Output Resolution Accuracy Gain Bandwidth 1V 100 uV 0 5 f s 2 x 10 10 Hz 100 mV 10 uV 0 5 f s 2 x 10 10 Hz 10 mV 1 uv 0 5 f s 2 x 10 7 Hz 1 mV 0 1 uV 1 0 f s 2 x 10 0 7 Hz 58 7 4 Pin Assignment of the Sensor Connector 7 4 Pin Assignment of the Sensor Connector The PM100A is capable to support custom made detectors Please read carefully the following instruction prior to connecting a self made sensor 5 4 3 2 1 9 8 7 6 Figure 13 Pin assignment of the sensor connector jack female pin connection photodiode ground anode thermal sensor ground analog ground photodiode cathode n c thermal sensor coe cmo PRESENT connect this pin via a 1KO 10kQ resistor to Pin 3 AGND 5V drive max 50mA from this pin DGND n c O The following described pin is uniquely used for the memory in the sensor head and may not be used Connecting this pin may cause malfunction of the PM100D 2 EEPROM Digital I O 59
8. DC 100kHz depending on sensor and settings Wavelength Correction nm A W Voltage Input Thermopile Sensors Connector DBOF left side Units W Measurement Ranges 4 decades 1 mV 1V Ranges selectable in W sensor dependent Display Resolution 1 uV responsivity value V W AD Converter 16 bit Accuracy 0 5 f s 10mV 1V 1 f s 1mV 3 f s Analog Meter Bandwidth DC 10Hz depending on sensor and settings Time Constant Correction Range 1s 30s Wavelength Correction Sensor depending nm V W Beam Diameter Setting N A Analog Outputs Connector SMA left side Signal amplified input signal not corrected Voltage Range 0 2V Accuracy 3 Bandwidth up to 100kHz depending on sensor and settings Sensor Temperature Control Supported temperature sensor Thermistor Temperature measurement range 10 C 80 C displayed via interface only 5f 7 3 Technical data Sound Type Speaker 300Hz 5kHz Function Laser tuning support console function support Interface Type USB2 0 Connector Mini USB left side Power Management Battery LiPo 3 7V 1300mAh Charger DC Input SV 1A Accessories Hardcase ud Instrument Drivers on USB Stick v Application Software on USB Stick v User Manual v Current Input Phtodiode Sensors Current Range Display Measurement Analog Output Analog Output Resolution
9. Relative Power Measurement C A The A key switches on and off the relative measurement mode The main display will set to zero and gets signed the offset and the absolute power value will be displayed in two sub displays in negative presentation The analog needle will deflect to the middle position with bidirectional amplitude 0 at the scale below the mirror and change to the next sensitive scale P absolute power level Po offset power level a R 1 E opti 100p TER O bidirectional needle 55 uu Lee Scale 1000W Figure 9 Relative Measurement signed delta power level 4 2 4 Display Options The PM100A can toggle between the standard measurement screen and a statistics screen by navigating to the item and pressing one of the lt or P keys The statistics screen shows the actual minimum maximum and average power level The soft button in the display menu controls this feature When the item has focus the OK button toggles between run and hold mode in hold mode the device samples in the background The 4 or P key resets all items to the actual power level and restarts sampling Ranging during the sampling is possible though once the actual level exceeds the measurement range the stored and calculated values will show High x 635nm m amp amp Orly Pact 29 35 pl mi amp amp Opl jus Pmin 25 29 pl 51 29 24 v E ie TR Ei or Fag 26 89 pli Figure 10 Display Options 100p HOLD 4 2 Controlling t
10. STATe OFF 0 ON 1 Sets the thermopile accelerator state STATe Queries the thermopile accelerator state TAU MINimum Sets thermopile time constant t 0 63 in s MAXimum DEFault lt numeric_value gt s TAU MINimum Queries the thermopile time constant t 0 3 in s MAXimum DEFault ADAPter TYPE PHOTodiode Sets default sensor adapter type THERmal PYRo TYPE Queries default sensor adapter type Commands for PM100D PM100USB only 51 6 5 SCPI Commands 6 5 2 4 1 Measurement commands Command Description INITiate IMMediate Start measurement ABORt CONFigure SCALar POWer CURRent DC VOL Tage DC ENERgy FREQuency PDENsity EDENsity RESistance TEMPerature MEASure SCALar POWer CURRent DC VOL Tage DC Abort measurement Configure for power measurement Configure for current measurement Configure for voltage measurement Configure for energy measurement Configure for frequency measurement Configure for power density measurement Configure for energy density measurement Configure for sensor presence resistance measurement Configure for sensor temperature measurement Performs a power measurement Performs a current measurement Performs a voltage measurement ENERgy Performs a energy measurement FREQuency Performs a frequency measurement PDENsity Performs a power de
11. code The identification code includes the manufacturer model code serial number and firmware revision levels and is sent in the following format THORLABS MMM SSS X X X Where MMM is the model code SSS is the serial number X X X is the instrument firmware revision level 6 5 2 2 2 OPC operation complete set OPC bit 6 5 2 2 3 OPC operation complete query places a 1 in output queue When OPC is sent the OPC bit in the Standard Event Register will set after all pending command operations are complete When OPC is sent an ASCII 1 is placed in the Output Queue after all pending command operations are complete Typically either one of these commands is sent after the INITiate command The INITiate command is used to take the instrument out of idle in order to perform measurements While operating within the trigger model layers many sent commands will not execute After all programmed operations are completed the instrument returns to the idle state at which time all pending commands including OPC and or OPC are executed After the last pending command is executed the OPC bit and or an ASCII 1 is placed in the Output Queue When OPC is sent the OPC bit in the Standard Event Register will set after all pending command operations are complete When OPC is sent an ASCII 1 is placed in the Output Queue after all pending command operations are complete 6 5 2 2 4 RST reset return instrument to defaults
12. configuration New Indicator lights up when a new measurement value is processed Sensor Flags Sensor flag bitmap 1 Is power sensor 2 Is energy sensor 16 Response settable 32 Wavelength settable 64 Tau settable 256 Has temperature sensor Sensor Name Name of connected power energy sensor Sensor SN Serial number of connected power energy sensor IDN String Answer from instrument on idn command manufacturer model number serial number firmware version Readout value Plain readout value in full resolution 34 6 3 Simple LabVIEW Example using SCPI Commands Block diagram IDN String Sensor Name Sensor SM Error log Search Instruments Initialize Instrument Measurement Configuration Use this frame to set the measurement relevant parameters e g wavelength measurement range bandwidth etc Mr M IDN String Sensor Mame Sensor SM PM1o0D em Pleat OPER Readout Config Timeout ms l Search Instruments 132 B Initialize Instrument m Measurement Value Selection IDN String Sensor Mame Sensor SM 2 ura otra M vor v io io 4p9 os Readout Config Readout value 35 6 3 Simple LabVIEW Example using SCPI Commands FHiOOD IHIT FIOD Senrar Flaq PMio0o Config Fotch Fido SYST ERR FOOD CLOSE 36 PM100D_Initialize vi This VI scans for connected devices that can be selected in a dialog box Next steps setting timeou
13. designed and defined by this standard Most of the commands are described in detail in this section The following common commands associated with the status structure are covered in the Status Structure section CLS ESE ESE ESR SRE SRE STB 6 5 2 1 Command summary Mnemonic Name Description CLS Clear status Clears all event registers and Error Queue ESE NRf Event enable command Program the Standard Event Enable Register ESE Event enable query Read the Standard Event Enable Register ESR Event status register query Read and clear the Standard Event Register IDN Identification query Read the unit s identification string OPC Operation complete command Set the Operation Complete bit in the Standard Event Register OPC Operation complete query Places a 1 into the output queue when all device operations have been completed RST Reset command Returns the unit to the RST default condition SRE NRf Service request enable command Programs the Service Request Enable Register SRE Service request enable query Reads the Service Request Enable Register STB Status byte query Reads the Status Byte Register TST Self test query Performs the unit s self test and returns the result WAI Wait to continue command Wait until all previous commands are executed 41 6 5 SCPI Commands 6 5 2 2 Command reference 6 5 2 2 1 IDN identification query read identification
14. shape 5 5 Temperature Effects on Thermal Sensors Thermal sensors react on any temperature differences that occur between thermal disc and heat sink Influence to the measurement result can be caused by airflow 25 5 6 Ambient and Stray Light disturbances or by heating up the heat sink through long enough exposure of the laser beam to the thermal disc To avoid disturbances it is recommended to shield the sensor as good as possible from airflow and to zero it properly in the operating condition That means for short term measurements zero the cold sensor for long term measurements zero the sensor when it is in a state of thermal stability e g after 10 minutes light exposure 5 6 Ambient and Stray Light Ambient or stray light can strongly affect the measurement accuracy in free space applications A permanent background light level can be subtracted by conducting a zero adjustment More complicated is varying ambient light like daylight or turning on off room light In such cases the only solution is a proper light shielding of the sensor 5 7 Back Reflection Photodiodes ND filters and even black coatings of thermal sensors show a certain kind of back reflection of the incoming light Back reflection for example to a diode or HeNe laser can distort the power stability of the laser therefore it is recommended to slightly tilt the power meter sensor in the laser beam When back reflection must be avoided it is advised to use an in
15. used to zeroing thermal sensors performing dark current adjustment on photodiode sensors or suppressing small ambient light levels When the initial power level is too high a failure message will appear that is prompting to cover the power sensor prior to zero adjustment Indicator that sensor needs to be zeroed gt 1064nm WD FR S gt 0mlu ie fee 4 Perform zeroing OK 0 79 5 mh MEM Figure 7 Zeroing Do not hold a sensor in the hand especially a thermal sensor when performing a zero adjustment Temperature effects will influence the quality of the zeroing result When measuring very small power levels dark current of photodiode sensors or zero voltage on thermal sensors will have an influence on the measurement result and must be compensated by the zero adjustment An indicator that a sensor needs to be zeroed is when with covered sensor either a negative power reading or a reading much greater than zero is displayed At negative power readings additionally a ZERO warning appears in the status display 16 4 2 Controlling the PM100A After performing a zero adjustment the detected zero value will be included in all power readings The detected zero value may influence the wavelength corrected calculated full scale power range values in the lower power ranges Photodiode sensors emit small current levels even when no photons hit the active area the so called dark current that is temperature dependent and
16. 27 Fax 49 0 8131 5956 99 Fax 1 973 300 3600 Email europe thorlabs com Email sales thorlabs com Web www thorlabs com Email techsupport thorlabs com Web www thorlabs com Japan Thorlabs Inc Higashi Ikebukuro Q Building 1st floor 2 23 2 Higashi Ikebukuro Toshimaku Tokyo 170 0013 Japan Sales and Support Phone 81 3 5979 8889 Fax 81 3 5979 7285 Email sales thorlabs jp Web www thorlabs jp Please call our hotlines send an Email to ask for your nearest distributor or just visit our homepage http www thorlabs com 63
17. Class Class equipment as defined in IEC 60950 1 2001 1 Compliance demonstrated using high quality shielded interface cables shorter than 3 meters Emissions which exceed the levels required by these standards may occur when this equipment is connected to a test object 5 MOD IN port capped at IEC 61000 4 3 test Performance Criterion C was reached at additional test levels according to EN 61326 1 2006 table 2 56 7 3 Technical data 7 3 Technical data General Data Detector Compatibility Photodiode Sensors S100C Series Thermal Sensors S300C Series Photodiodes max 5mA Thermopiles max 1V Display Type Graphical LCD 132 x 32 pixels Mechanical Analog Needle Viewing Area 48 2 x 13 2 mm 90 0 x 42 0 mm Display Update Rate max 20 Hz Display Format Numerical Mechanical Analog Needle Backlight Display and Keypad LED Dimensions H x W x D Overall 183 x 109 x 40 mm Options Kickstand 1 4 20 Post thread Weight 0 5 kg Operating Temperature 0 C 40 C Storage Temperature 40 C 70 C Current Input Photodiode Sensors Connector DBOF left side Units W Measurement Ranges 6 decades 50 nA 5 mA Ranges selectable in W sensor depending Display Resolution 1 pA responsivity value A W AD Converter 16 bit Accuracy 0 2 f s GHA 5mA 0 5 f s bOnA 3 f s Analog Meter Bandwidth
18. OFF 0 ON 1 AUTO UPPer MINmum MAXimum lt numeric_valuje gt A UPPer MINimum MAXimum REFerence MINimum MAXimum DEFault lt numeric_value gt A Switches the auto ranging function on and off Queries the auto ranging function state Sets the current range in A Queries the current range Sets a delta reference value in A 48 REFerence MINimum MAXimum DEFault STATe OFF 0 ONI 1 numeric valuje J UPPer MINimum MAXimum REFerence MINimum MAXimum DEFault lt numeric_value gt J REFerence MINimum MAXimum DEFault STATe OFF 0 ON 1 STATe 6 5 SCPI Commands Queries the delta reference value Switches to delta mode STATe Queries the delta mode state ENERgy RANGe UPPer MINmum MAXimum Sets the energy range in J Queries the energy range Sets a delta reference value in J Queries the delta reference value Switches to delta mode Queries the delta mode state FREQuency Range UPPer LOWer Queries the frequency range POWer DC RANGe AUTO OFF 0 ONI 1 AUTO UPPer MINmum MAXimum numeric valuje W UPPer MINimum MAXimum REFerence MINimum MAXimum DEFault numeric value W REFerence MINimum MAXimum DEFault STATe OFF 0 ONI 1 Switches the auto ranging function on and off Queries the auto ranging f
19. Operation Manual Thorlabs Instrumentation Optical Power Meter PM100A 2009 RL NES OR Version 17655 D02 REV A Date 24 04 2009 Copyright 2009 Thorlabs Germany OR LUNES Contents 1 General Information 1 1 Safety 1 2 Ordering Codes and Accessories 2 Getting Started 3 Unpacking 3 1 Preparation 3 2 Physical Overview 3 2 1 Front Panel 3 2 2 Side Panel 3 2 8 Rear Panel 3 2 4 Bottom 3 2 5 Display 4 Operating the PM100A 4 1 Connecting a Power Sensor 4 2 Controlling the PM100A 4 2 1 Navigating the Menus 4 2 2 System Settings 4 2 3 Power Measurement 4 2 3 1 Range and Scale Control 4 2 3 2 Wavelength Correction 4 2 3 3 Zeroing 4 2 3 4 Setting an Attenuation Gain Factor 4 2 3 5 Relative Power Measurement 4 2 4 Display Options 4 2 5 Sensor Dependent Functions 4 2 5 1 Photodiode Sensors 4 2 5 2 Thermal Power Sensors 4 3 Analog Output 4 4 Tune Sound 4 5 Battery Charging 5 Measurement Considerations 5 1 Choosing the right Sensor 5 2 Reducing Noise for High Accuracy Measurements 5 3 Power Measurement of Pulsed Signals 5 4 Line width of Light Sources 5 5 Temperature Effects on Thermal Sensors 5 6 Ambient and Stray Light 5 7 Back Reflection page ono O o Oo uo 10 10 10 11 11 12 13 13 13 13 13 15 15 15 16 17 18 18 19 19 20 22 22 23 24 24 24 25 25 25 26 26 OR 5 8 Beam Diameter vs Active Sensor Area 5 9 Fiber Based Measurements Computer Interface 6 1 PM100 Utility Soft
20. When the RST command is sent the instrument performs the following operations e Returns the instrument to the default conditions e Cancels all pending commands e Cancels response to any previously received OPC and OPC commands 6 5 2 2 5 TST self test query run self test and read result Use this query command to perform the instrument self test routine The command places the coded result in the Output Queue A returned value of zero 0 indicates that the test passed other values indicate that the test failed 6 5 2 2 6 WAI wait to continue wait until previous commands are completed 42 6 5 SCPI Commands The WAI command is a no operation command for the instrument and thus does not need to be used It is there for conformance to IEEE488 2 6 5 2 3 PM100D specific SCPI Command Reference See also SCPI Specification Version 1999 0 May 1999 http www scpiconsortium org All commands with a SCPI checkmark are described in the SCPI specification 6 5 2 3 1 SYSTem subsystem commands Command Description SYSTem BEEPer IMMediate STATe ON 1 OFF 0 STATe ERRor NEXT VERSion Path to SYSTem subsystem SCPI Vol 2 821 Issue an audible signal SCPI Vol 2 821 2 2 Activate deactivate the beeper SCPI Vol 2 21 2 3 Return the state of the the beeper SCPI Vol 2 21 2 3 Returns the latest error code message gt SCPI Vol 2 21 8 8 Query level of SCPI stan
21. a dependent behaviour in their spectral response For accurate measurements it is important to set the PM100A to the wavelength of the light to measure Pressing the key leads to a wavelength menu with 8 1 individually configurable sensor independent settings The currently set operating wavelenght is indicated by a following arrow 4 and has focus when entering the menu Select the desired operating wavelength by navigating with the A WV lt gt keys and confirming with OK The key allows to exit without changing the operating wavelength 15 4 2 Controlling the PM100A To preconfigure or edit a wavelength item navigate to it and keep the OK key pressed until the last digit gets underlined Set the desired wavelength with the A V lt P gt keys and confirm with OK When selecting a wavelength that is not applicable for the connected sensor a warning sound will appear and the unit will keep the previous wavelength setting Wavelength setting in remote operation will overwrite the down to the right value 535nm Si4nm 1310mm 535nm Si4nm 13710nm FERRE 356nm 1550nm 655nm4 956nm 1550nm rssnm 1 6 nm 1 2 00nm rS5nm 1 65nm 1 2 0nm Select oK Edit Hold OE Exit Edit a amp Curzor 4dk zaue nk Figure 6 Wavelength Correction 4 2 3 3 Zeroing Confirming the menu item with OK the unit performs an automated zero adjustment and from now on takes into account this zero level for the power readout calculation This feature is
22. alfunction please check the following items Unit does not work at all no display at the front PM100A turned on Press On switch in the left side panel gt PM100A battery discharged defect Plug in AC Adapter Unit automatically switches off Check auto shutoff setting Check battery charging symbol Plug in AC Adapter Power reading is negative gt A photodiode or thermal sensor is connected Check if the unit is in relative measurement mode Conduct the dark current adjustment procedure gt A photodiode is connected Check the polarity of the connected photodiode Athermal element is connected Check the polarity of the connected thermal element Mechanical needle display doesn t show zero when unit is switched off Adjust needle to zero with the screw in the front panel Check that the unit is switched off prior to adjusting Needle deflection doesn t map with digital read out gt The specified accuracy for the analog meter is 3 full scale this is 172 division marks This accuracy should be given for an temperature operating range between 10 C to 35 C gt There is a software supplied with the instrument to adjust the needle deflection to a higher accuracy lt 1 f s for a specific ambient temperature Therefore connect the PM100A via USB to a PC and run the PM100A Needle Wizard software If you don t find the error source by means of the trouble shooting list please first c
23. alue NTRansition ENABle value ENABle AUXillary EVENt CONDition PTRansition value PTRansition NTRansition value NTRansition ENABle value ENABle OPERation EVENt CONDition PTRansition value PTRansition NTRansition value NTRansition ENABle value ENAB1e Command Description STATus Path to STATus subsystem SCPI Vol 2 20 MEASurement Path to control measurement event registers EVENt Read the event register CONDition Read the condition register Program the positive transition filter Read the positive transition filter Program the negative transition filter Read the negative transition filter Program the enable register Read the enable register Path to control measurement event registers Read the event register Read the condition register Program the positive transition filter Read the positive transition filter Program the negative transition filter Read the negative transition filter Program the enable register Read the enable register Path to control operation event registers Read the event register Read the condition register Program the positive transition filter Read the positive transition filter Program the negative transition filter Read the negative transition filter Program the enable register Read the enable register 45 6 5 SCPI Commands QUEStionable EVENt CONDition PTRansition value
24. ands from different subsystems For example in the following command string an error is generated if you do not use both the colon and semicolon CORR BEAM 1 AVER 300 Using the MIN and MAX Parameters You can substitute MINimum or MAXimum in place of a parameter for many commands For example consider the following command CURRent DC RANGe MINimum MAXimum numeric value A Instead of selecting a specific current range you can substitute MIN to set the range to its minimum value or MAX to set the range to its maximum value Querying Parameter Settings You can query the current value of most parameters by adding a question mark to the command For example the following command sets the operating wavelength to 1550 nm CORR WAVE 1550 You can query the operating wavelength by executing CORR WAVE You can also query the minimum or maximum operating wavelength allowed as follows CORR WAVE MIN CORR WAVE MAX Caution f you send two query commands without reading the response from the first and then attempt to read the second response you may receive some data from 39 6 5 SCPI Commands the first response followed by the complete second response To avoid this do not send a query command without reading the response When you cannot avoid this situation send a device clear before sending the second query command SCPI Command Terminators A command string sent to the power energy meter must termina
25. back to the last measurement screen OK 4 2 Controlling the PM100A 4 2 3 Power Measurement 4 2 3 1 Range and Scale Control 4 2 3 1 1 Measurement Range Control Navigate to the topmost menu item re c 6 power corresponding current or 4 power corresponding voltage ranges can be adjusted manually with the lt or gt keys Pressing the OK key the unit performs a nonrecurring auto ranging until the optimum range has been found for the currently measured power level The range control menu item indicates the particular full range value in Watts A permanent auto range mode is only available in remote operation 4 2 3 1 2 Needle Scale Control After setting the measurement range the unit automatically selects the needle scale where the full power range is covered To change the needle scale navigate to the menu item With the or gt keys the scale can be optimized to different end scales for best readability of the power value zoom function This adjustment can also be automated by pressing the OK key The scale control menu item indicates the particular full scale value in Watts The scales end have a fixed 1 2 5 grid therefore it is possible that the full scale range may be higher than the power range In such a case when the power level is exceeding the power range the needle will deflect to the right stop and the readout value will indicate HIGH 4 2 3 2 Wavelength Correction Most power and energy sensors show
26. c_value gt mm BEAMdiameter MINimum MAXimum DEFault WAVelength MINimum MAXimum lt numeric_value gt nm WAVelength MINimum MAXimum POWer PDIode RESPonse MINimum MAXimum DEFault numeric value A RESPonse MINimum MAXimum DEFault THERmopile RESPonse MINimum MAXimum DEFault numeric value V RESPonse MINimum MAXimum DEFault SENSe is the root keyword of the command CORRection is the second level keyword and COLLect and BEAMdiameter are third level keywords and so on A colon separates a command keyword from a lower level keyword Command Format The format used to show commands in this manual is shown below CURRent DC RANGe MINimum MAXimum numeric value A CORRection BEAMdiameter MINi mum MAXimum DEFault numeric value mm The command syntax shows most commands and some parameters as a mixture of upper and lower case letters The upper case letters indicate the abbreviated spelling for the command For shorter program lines send the abbreviated form For better program readability send the long form For example in the above syntax statement CURR and CURRENT are both acceptable forms You can use upper or lower case letters Therefore CURRENT current and Current are all acceptable Other forms such as CUR and CURREN will generate an error 38 6 5 SCPI Commands Braces enclose the parameter choices for a given command string
27. cation area for thermal sensors is the measurement of high power levels from 100mW Thorlabs offers also a special thermally isolated thermal head with flat response and on power levels starting in the uW range 4 2 5 2 1 Readout acceleration Thermal sensors show a fairly slow response When laser power hits the active area it takes depending on the sensor type from some 1 up to 20 seconds until the system has settled and the power reading shows the right value Through special circuitry this time can be shortened to approximately 1 3 seconds by predicting the final power value The PM100A automatically uses the right adjustment of the electronics to the time constant of the thermal sensor Nevertheless this circuitry has the disadvantage of inducing some noise to the measurement value Therefore the acceleration circuit can be disabled enabled in the system Menu SSH Accelerator On Off 4 2 5 2 2 Custom Thermal Elements Custom thermal elements can be used for power measurements with the PM100A Therefore the PM100A needs to be set to the Thermopile default setting in the system menu Adapter Type Thermo To perform measurements a thermal element and an interlock must be connected to the sensor input see chapter 7 4 for the connector pin out The operation is similar to thermal power sensors with following exceptions The response value in V W is indicated instead of the operation wavelength When pressing the A key the res
28. d in the button label Shortcut Shift F2 Measurement configuration button Depending on the connected sensor the following parameters can be set in the dialog box display resolution set number of digits averaging rate a rate of 3000 averages the incoming measurement values for approx 1 second photodiode bandwidth HI and LO acceleration circuit for thermal sensors ON and OFF trigger level for pyroelectric sensors Zeroing for photodiode and thermal sensors Shortcut Shift F3 Units Display button A dialog box with the following items appears 30 6 1 PM100 Utility Software configure unit of measure depending on the connected sensor in W J dBm V and A configure the left sub display configure the right sub display Shortcut Shift F4 Logging configuration button Open dialog box to set averaging rate for logging set interval between samples set number of samples configure logging into data file Shortcut Shift F5 Start Stop log button start and stop data logging Shortcut Shift F6 Reset Clear button reset min max monitor clear power energy graph clear power energy histogram clear power energy statistics clear log screen Shortcut Shift F7 Quit button stops the PM100 application to restart press the white arrow in the tool bar Shortcut Shift F8 31 6 2 Firmware Update 6 2 Firmware Update Firmware upgrades ca
29. d uses a numeric parameter POWer REFerence MINimum MAXimum DEFault numeric value Wl Discrete Parameters Discrete parameters are used to program settings that have a limited number of values like w DBM They can have a short form and a long form just like command keywords You can mix upper and lower case letters Query responses will always return the short form in all upper case letters The following command uses discrete parameters POW UNIT W DBM Boolean Parameters Boolean parameters represent a single binary condition that is either true or false For a false condition the power energy meter will accept OFF or A 9 0 For a true condition the meter will accept ON or 1 When you query a boolean setting the instrument will always return 0 or 1 The following command uses a boolean parameter CURRent RANGe AUTO OFF 0 ON 1 String Parameters String parameters can contain virtually any set of ASCII characters A string must begin and end with matching quotes either with a single quote or with a double quote You can include the quote delimiter as part of the string by typing it twice without any characters in between The following command uses a string parameter DIAG CALString lt quoted string gt 40 6 5 2 IEEE488 2 Common Commands 6 5 SCPI Commands Common commands are device commands that are common to all devices according to the IEEE488 2 standard These commands are
30. dard 1999 0 SCPI Vol 2 821 21 DATE lt year gt lt month gt day Sets the instrument s calendar SCPI Vol 2 821 7 DATE Query the instrument s calendar SCPI Vol 2 821 7 TIME hour min sec Sets the instrument s clock SCPI Vol 2 821 19 TIME Query the instrument s clock SCPI Vol 2 821 19 LFRequency numeric value Sets the instrument s line frequency setting to 50 or 60Hz SCPI Vol 2 821 13 LFRequency Query the instrument s line frequency setting SCPI Vol 2 821 13 Commands for PM100D only 43 6 5 SCPI Commands SENSor IDN Query information about the connected sensor This is a query only command The resopnse consists of the following fields lt name gt lt sn gt lt cal_msg gt lt type gt lt subtype gt lt flags gt lt name gt Sensor name in string response format lt sn gt Sensor serial number in string response format lt cal_msg gt calibration message in string response format lt type gt Sensor type in NR1 format lt subtype gt Sensor subtype in NR1 format lt flags gt Sensor flags as bitmap in NR1 format Flag Dec value Is power sensor 1 Is energy sensor 2 Response settable 16 Wavelength settable 32 Tau settable 64 Has temperature sensor 256 44 6 5 SCPI Commands 6 5 2 3 2 STATus subsystem commands PTRansition value PTRansition NTRansition v
31. ds The following steps are demonstrated within this application Initializing the instrument Getting system info Setting parameters Measurement configuration Measuring queue Fetching and displaying a measurement value Closing the application Thorlabs PM100D P0000118 0 8 1 si44c 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Averaging Rate Sets the averaging rate 3000 averages take approximately 1s for performing a new measurement value Readout Config Selects the measurement parameter POW power measurement in W CURR current measurement in A VOLT voltage measuremetn in V ENER energy measurement in J PM100D PM100USB only FREQ frequency repetition rate measurement in Hz PM100D USB PDEN power density measurement in W cm PM100D USB only EDEN energy density measurement in J cm PM100D USB only 33 6 3 Simple LabVIEW Example using SCPI Commands RES thermistor resistance measurement in Ohm TEMP temperature measurement in C Stop Stops application Timeout ms Sets a timeout value in ms that allows the instrument to sample The timeout must be longer than it takes to perform a new measurement This has especially to be considered when performing single shot energy measurements Ce Error log Error indicator no error is suppressed Readout string Formatted measurement value limitation to 4 significant digits SI notation decimal separator appended unit according readout
32. e for High Accuracy Measurements Main disturbing influence on each measurement is noise from grounding the cable capacitance temperature effects stray and ambient light and detector noise The housing of power sensors are connected to the digital ground of the meter and should be linked to earth ground e g via a post energy sensors should be mounted isolated because the housing is connected to the meter analog ground The sensor cable must handle very small current or voltage signals Moving the cable will induce disturbances given through the cable capacitance For measuring small power or energy levels the cable should be fixed in position With photodiode sensors the bandwidth should be set to Low setting with thermal sensors the acceleration circuit should be shut off 24 5 8 Power Measurement of Pulsed Signals The detector noise is lowest with silicon or InGaAs sensors For long term measurements in free space applications it is necessary to provide constant ambient light conditions or shielding the beam The temperature should be stable over the time of the measurement 5 3 Power Measurement of Pulsed Signals The PM100A will read the average value of a pulsed signal when the following conditions apply For a thermal sensor pulse length repetition rate and peak power is uncritical as long as the peak power is lower than the damage threshold of the sensor A thermal sensor reacts very slow and will integra
33. e not supplied by us modification misuse or operation outside the defined ambient stated by us or unauthorized maintenance Further claims will not be consented to and will not be acknowledged Thorlabs does explicitly not warrant the usability or the economical use for certain cases of application Thorlabs reserves the right to change this instruction manual or the technical data of the described unit without notice 55 7 2 Certifications and compliances 7 2 Certifications and compliances Certifications and compliances Category EC Declaration of Conformity EMC Standards or description Meets intent of Directive 89 336 EEC for Electromagnetic Compatibility Compliance was demonstrated to the following specifications as listed in the Official Journal of the European Communities EN 61326 1997 A1 1998 A2 2001 A3 2003 Electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use EMC requirements Immunity complies with immunity test requirements for equipment intended for use in industrial locations 2 Emission complies with EN 55011 Class B Limits IEC 610003 2 and IEC 61000 3 3 IEC 61000 4 2 Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Performance criterion C IEC 61000 4 3 Radiated RF Electromagnetic Field Immunity Performance Criterion A j IEC 61000 4 4 Electrical Fast Transient Burst Immunity Perf Criterion C IEC 61000 4 5 Power Line Surge Immunity Performance Criterion
34. g Equipment Standard ICES 003 for digital apparatus These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful inter ference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Consult the dealer or an experienced radio T V technician for help Thorlabs GmbH is not responsible for any radio television interfer ence caused by modifications of this equipment or the substitution or attachment of connecting cables and equipment other than those specified by Thorlabs GmbH The correction of interference caused by such unauthorized modification substitution or attachment will be the responsibility of the user The use of shielded I O cables is required when connecting this equipment to any and all optional peripheral or h
35. he PM100A 4 2 5 Sensor Dependent Functions 4 2 5 1 Photodiode Sensors The PM100A works with all Thorlabs S100C series photodiode power sensors The sensor is ready to operate few seconds after plugging to the DB9 connector d Attention 9 Refer to the sensor data sheet and pay attention to the optical damage threshold Exceeding these values will permanently destroy the sensor For the measurement of power levels from nano watts up to 20 W Thorlabs offers photodiode sensors that show big advantages in sensitivity stability and drift against thermal sensors The sensors are built up in a combination of a photodiode and a neutral density filter or a photodiode in combination with an integrating sphere They provide linearity over several decades and show a very good sensitivity at smallest power levels down to the pW range Handling fairly small power levels the sensor size can be held small further the response time of such sensors is very fast down to the sub microsecond range Photodiodes neutral density filters and also integrating sphere materials show a wavelength dependent behaviour and therefore each sensor is individually calibrated over the whole spectral working range in 5 or 10nm steps Thereby the sensors spectral response data gets stored in a non volatile memory inside the DB 9 sensor connector and downloaded to the PM100A when plugged to the unit To perform an accurate measurement it is necessary to enter the operati
36. he power calculation The input is in dB When an attenuation is set the value is displayed in the status indicator 4 gt A V Sets the unit to the local line frequency 50Hz 60Hz to avoid aliasing effects lt gt Sets the PM100A into the mode to measure photo current or thermal voltage Please refer to the chapters 4 2 5 1 2 4 2 5 2 2 and 7 4 for connecting custom sensors lt gt Page 2 Console Settings Interface Backlight Battery Timer Firmware Upload Shows the remote status Press lt or P to set the unit back to local mode Sets the brightness of the LCD and key backlight The setting range is O off 100 maximum 4 gt A V The unit automatically powers off in battery operation after a certain time without user action This feature can be set to 10 or 60 minutes or switched off and is not active when an external power supply AC adapter or USB is connected lt gt Needs to be set to ON before uploading a new firmware version The function will automatically reset to OFF after powering down lt gt Page 3 System Information Console Information Shows device type serial number and calibration date Sensor Information Tau EXIT lt gt Shows type and serial number of the connected power sensor lt P gt Sets the time constant for custom thermal sensors only visible with connected custom thermal sensor lt gt A V Aborts the system menu and switches
37. igure 12 Tune Sound 22 4 5 Battery Charging 4 5 Battery Charging The PM100D is powered by a 1 cell LiPo battery that needs to be recharged intermittently by plugging the AC adapter or plugging the USB cable to a computer To fully charge the battery it takes approximately 3 4 hours A built in charging circuit automatically regulates and terminates the charging Following battery icons in the display header show the charging state from empty to full battery Co E E NR The empty battery symbol starts blinking for one minute until the unit shuts off When an external power supply is plugged the symbols above change sequent until the battery is fully charged The following icon will appear when a wrong charger is connected or the battery gets not fully loaded after a given time of approximately four hours This can happen when the unit is switched on the charging is done via USB link and the computer cannot supply sufficient charging current The symbol will disappear after 10 seconds when disconnecting the external power supply and show the actual battery charging state Should the arrow icon permanently remain there may be a malfunction either in the battery itself or in the charging circuitry please refer to chapter 6 3 for maintenance and repair The AC adapter for charging the system battery that comes with the PM100A provides a wide range power input from 100VAC to 240VAC and an output voltage from 5VDC The mains con
38. in the region of some nA for silicon and InGaAs sensors and up to some pA for germanium sensors Thermopile sensors need to be zeroed when thermal differences between active area thermal disk and the sensor heat sink appear when no light hits the active area or when the heat sink gets hot under light exposure The zero value will be negative when the heat sink is hotter than the active area and positive when the active area is hotter than the heat sink When both heat sink and active area are at room temperature a zero voltage of some uV is normal 4 2 3 4 Setting an Attenuation Gain Factor To set an attenuation or gain factor that will be taken into account when calculating the displayed power enter the system menu and navigate to the Attenuation item V Attenuation When confirming this item with the OK key an attenuation or gain factor from 60 dB to 60 dB can be entered by the A V P keys A positive value will set an attenuation factor Confirm the setting with OK and quit the menu by 4 or gt The attenuation set value in dB will be indicated in the status display above the measurement value This feature can be used to display the origin laser or probe power with having a filter or beam splitter in the system or to enlarge the measurement range of a power or energy sensor with a calibrated filter Attenuation set value 635nm a 10 00 PETIT 493 4 pul HENU Figure 8 Attenuation 17 4 2 Controlling the PM100A 4 2 3 5
39. ion LOSS INPut MAGNitude Sets a user attenuation factor in dB MINimum MAXimum DEFault numeric value LOSS INPut MAGNitude Queries the user attenuation factor MINimum MAXimum DEFault COLLect ZERO INITiate Performs zero adjustment routine ABORt Aborts zero adjustment routine STATe Queries the zero adjustment routine state MAGNitude Queries the zero value BEAMdiameter MINimum Sets the beam diameter in mm MAXimum DEFault lt numeric_value gt mm BEAMdiameter MINimum Queries the beam diameter MAXimum DEFaultj WAVelength MINimum Sets the operation wavelength in nm MAXimum numeric value nm WAVelength MINimum Queries the operation wavelength MAXimum 47 6 5 SCPI Commands POWer PDIOGde RESPonse MINimum MAXimum DEFault numeric value A RESPonse MINimum MAXimum DEFault THERmopile RESPonse MINimum MAXimum DEFault numeric value V RESPonse MINimum MAXimum DEFault ENERgy PYRO RESPonse MINimum MAXimum DEFault numeric value V RESPOnse MINimum MAXimum DEFault Sets the photodiode response value in A W Queries the photodiode response value Sets the thermopile response value in V W Queries the thermopile response value Sets the pyro detector response value in V J Queries the pyro detectro response value CURRent DC RANGe AUTO
40. is written in LabVIEW 8 5 1 and can either be installed from the data carrier as executable where LabVIEW isn t required on the PC or can be run with LabVIEW 8 5 1 or higher The source code of the application is included on the data carrier and can be used to build own applications or to modify the utility program to specific requirements After launching the PM100 utility program it will automatically screen for connected PM100A PM100D or PM100USB devices Select the desired device and press o k In case that the connected PM100A is not yet recognized press Rescan to perform a new search for connected PM100A devices Connected Devices X Select Device From List and Press OK USBO 0x1313 0x8071 P1000003 INSTR Rescan Cancel The identification string contains the following items USB Port number Thorlabs Vendor ID 0x1313 Product ID 0x8071 PM100A Instrument serial number Measurement instrument device 28 6 1 PM100 Utility Software 6 1 1 Front Panel ill P100 inl x PM100 Series 5 Logging Parameters Count 453 10 32 17 3 9182E 5 W Optical Power and Energy Meter ld ILAN EXS Samples 1000 Min 38 558uW 14 139dBm 19 32 17 3 9171E 5 w Interval 0 10s Max 39 1820 14 059dBm dD 32 17 3 9180E 5 W PM100A SN P1000003 Sensor 140C SN 08093024 Averaging 100 Mean 38878uW 14403dBm rece FFF be Log to File FALSE RMS 38878UW 14 03dBm 15 32 17 3o152E 5 w Sigma 181 2360 eds A 10
41. ized 12 190 25000 100 2 Thermal Absorber S310C Thermal Surface Absorber 20 190 25000 10m 10 S314C Thermal Surface Absorber O25 190 10600 10m 60 322C Thermal Surface Absorber 25 190 10600 100m 250 S350C Thermal Surface Absorber 40 190 1100 10m 60 Excimer Coating and 10600 S370C Thermal Volume Absorber 25 400 5200 10m 15 for high peak power lasers Please visit our homepage http www thorlabs com for various accessories like fiber adapters posts and post holders data sheets and further information 8 3 1 Preparation 2 Getting Started 3 Unpacking Inspect the shipping container for damage If the shipping container seems to be damaged keep it until you have inspected the contents and you have inspected the PM100A mechanically and electrically Verify that you have received the following items within the hard case 1 PM100A power meter console 2 Plug In power supply with Interchangeable primary plug for USA UK Europe and Australia 3 USB cable type A to mini B 4 Quick start guide 5 USB memory stick with instrument drivers user application and operation manual 6 Certificate of Calibration 3 1 Preparation Configure the plug in power supply with the primary plug for your local power supply Connect a suitable power or energy sensor Turn the unit on by pressing the power button in the side panel After switching on the unit the graphics di
42. lay Setup Operation Overview Standard Display Function Menu Key OK i AV Item R W Auto set Meas Range Range Down Range Up S W Auto set Needle Scale Zoom In Scale Zoom Out Scale Browse ZERO Perform Zeroing No Function Menu TUNE 4 Toggle Tune Sound Reset Maximum Power Value Items MENU Enter Exit System Menu Switch to Statistics View Operation Overview Statistics View Function Menu Key OK lt gt AV Item R W Auto set Meas Range Range Down Range Up S W Auto set Needle Scale Zoom In Scale Zoom Out Scale Browse HOLD RUN Hold Run Statistics Reset Statistics Values Menu TUNE 4 Toggle Tune Sound Reset Statistics Values Items MENU Enter Exit System Menu Switch to Standard View 12 4 1 Connecting a Power Sensor 4 Operating the PM100A 4 1 Connecting a Power Sensor The PM100A supports all Thorlabs C Series photodiode and thermal sensors These can easily identified against older versions of Thorlabs power sensors by their red connector housing The console will not recognize sensors from the A and B series Please contact Thorlabs for the upgrade of old sensors with C Series connectors To plug or remove a sensor slightly press on the two bolts in the connector housing that fix it by resilience Sensors can be hot swapped to the console after recognizing a new valid sensor the type and calibration data will be downloaded to the console in approximately 2 seconds and the unit is ready t
43. n be done by the user via the USB interface Therefore install the DFU device firmware upgrade wizard from the distribution data carrier Switch on the PM100A and enable the firmware download in the system menu EST FW Update ON This setting will be reset to OFF after the unit was shut off Connect the PM100A to an USB port of your PC the PC will find a DFU device when proceeding the DFU wizard the first time a new DFU device will be recognized please allow installing After then launch the DFU wizard from the start bar Follow the wizard instructions Welcome el The Thorlabs DFU wizard will quide you through the process of installing new firmware for your device Before going on make sure that the new firmware dfu file is compatible with your device We strongly recommend to read the user manual of the device and the documentation provided with the new firmware Wizard Version Driver Version Please refer to www thorlabs com for the latest PM100A firmware version that can be downloaded as a dfu file Do not switch off the PM100A or disconnect the USB cable while the firmware is downloading 32 6 3 Simple LabVIEW Example using SCPI Commands 6 3 Simple LabVIEW Example using SCPI Commands This example works with PM100D PM100A and PM100USB au PM100D Simple Example vi This VI shows how to communicate with a PM100A optical power meter or PM100D optical power energy meter with SCPI comman
44. nd when pressing the A key the response value for one wavelength can be set 563 5mf lJ k dd OP n S5 amp ai5mh W 5 G80 wis writs Edit a Curzor 4k Save 0kK Figure 11 Photodiode Mode JEE 4 2 5 2 Thermal Power Sensors The PM100A is compatible to the Thorlabs S300C series thermal power sensors The sensor will be ready to operate few seconds after plugging to the DB9 connector d Attention 9 Refer to the sensor data sheet and pay attention to the optical damage threshold Exceeding these values will permanently destroy the sensor Thermal sensors absorb the incident laser power whereby the developing heat gets turned into a small voltage caused by heat flow through thermocouple elements between absorbing area and sensor heat sink Thorlabs offers with its S3xxC series thermal sensors that cover a wide range of applications The sensors are available with different coatings Black broad band coating as absorber does not need a 20 4 2 Controlling the PM100A wavelength correction because the response is nearly flat from the UV to the mid IR Special hard coatings can withstand high power levels and show also a good spectral flatness Further Thorlabs offers special heads for Excimer lasers with large beam diameters and short pulse lasers with coatings for very high peak power levels The output voltage of a thermal sensor is linear to the incident laser power as long the thermal system is properly zeroed The main appli
45. nectors for US Europe UK and Australia can be switched by pressing the lever and pulling off the new connector easily clicks into the socket Do not use other than the provided power supply at the DC input Higher input voltages may damage the unit When charging the battery via USB link it will take longer until the battery is fully charged or it never gets completely fully charged It depends on the connected computer what charging current can be supplied The maximum current that can be drained via USB is limited to 500mA Some laptop computers just can drive 100mA via USB interface 23 5 1 Choosing the right Sensor 5 Measurement Considerations 5 1 Choosing the right Sensor The question of the right sensor depends on many factors starting with the light source to measure and the application No sensor can cover all applications the following table shows the main pros and contras of the different power sensor types Of course this can only be a rough guide because within each sensor group there are special models best suitable for specific applications Power Sensors Photodiode Thermal Light Source Si Ge InGaAs BB HTC Volume Diode UV NIR Diode NIR High Power Fiber Lasers ASE sources fs Laser Gas Laser Excimer YAG z LED 5 2 Reducing Nois
46. ng the install Prior to connecting the PM100A with the PC please insert the data carrier that shipped with the instrument and install the PM100 drivers When the following message appears after the installation you have also to install NI VISA from the distribution CD or from the National Instruments web site Thorlabs PM300 VISA Instrument Driver Installation Message There is no NI VISA engine installed on this system You may install the NI VISA engine from the distribution CD You may also download the latest NI VISA engine from the National Instruments web site www ni comjvisa After successfully installing the software connect the PM100A to a USB port of your PC The PC will find a PM100A test and measurement device Please follow the instructions of the dialog screens and allow the installing 37 6 5 SCPI Commands 6 5 SCPI Commands 6 5 1 An Introduction to the SCPI language SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments is an ASCll based instrument command language designed for test and measurement instruments SCPI commands are based on a hierarchical structure also known as a tree system In this system associated commands are grouped together under a common node or root thus forming subsystems A portion of the SENSE subsystem is shown below to illustrate the tree system SENSe CORRection COLLect ZERO INITiate ABORt STATe MAGNitude BEAMdiameter MINimum MAXimum DEFault lt numeri
47. ng wavelength of the light to measure so that the PM100A can calculate the laser power from the measured photo current and the right response value from the wavelength calibration table 4 2 5 1 1 Bandwidth Setting Signal Filtering The analogue bandwidth setting influences the power reading and the analogue output The bandwidth can be selected in the system menu under MUSNO Bandwidth Confirming the menu item with OK the bandwidth setting will toggle between High range dependent bandwidth up to 100kHz or Low 15 Hz bandwidth For measuring CW or average power from pulsed sources the bandwidth should be set to Low When using the analogue output to control external equipment or 19 4 2 Controlling the PM100A measuring peak power levels the High setting is required so that the meter can follow the signal 4 2 5 1 2 Power Measurements with Photodiodes Common photodiodes can be used for power measurements with the PM100A Therefore the PM100A needs to be set to the Photodiode default setting in the system menu V Adapter Type Photo To perform measurements a photodiode and an interlock must be connected to the sensor input see chapter 7 4 for the connector pin out it is important to attend to the right polarity the cathode needs to be connected to ground The operation is similar to photodiode power sensors with the exceptions that the response value in A W is indicated instead of the operation wavelength a
48. nsity measurement EDENsity Performs a energy density measurement RESistance Performs a sensor presence resistance measurement TEMPerature Performs a sensor temperature measurement FETCh Read last measurement data SCPI Vol 2 83 2 READ Start new measurement and read data SCPI Vol 2 83 3 CONFigure Query the current measurement configuration Commands for PM100D PM100USB only 52 E 6 6 Maintenance and Repair 6 6 Maintenance and Repair 6 7 Maintenance Protect the PM100A from adverse weather conditions The PM100A is not water resistant Prevent the unit from shock the analog needle meter contains sensitive mechanics that may misalign d Attention 9 To avoid damage to the PM100A do not expose it to spray liquids or solvents The unit does not need a regular maintenance by the user If necessary the unit and the display can be cleaned with a cloth dampened with water Use ESD cleaner dampened cloth for the display glass this prevents that the needle reacts on static influences like striking over the glass The PM100A does not contain any modules that could be repaired by the user himself If a malfunction occurs the whole unit has to be sent back to Thorlabs Do not remove covers To guarantee the specifications given in chapter 7 3 over a long period it is recommended to have the unit calibrated by Thorlabs every year 53 6 8 Troubleshooting 6 8 Troubleshooting In case that your PM100A shows m
49. o a PC or laptop 1 1 Safet 1 1 Safety d Attention 9 All statements regarding safety of operation and technical data in this instruction manual will only apply when the unit is operated correctly The power meter PM100A must not be operated in explosion endan gered environments Sensor photodiode and control inputs and outputs must only be connected with duly shielded connection cables Only with written consent from Thorlabs may changes to single compo nents be carried out or components not supplied by Thorlabs be used Do not remove covers Refer servicing to qualified personal d Attention 9 Mobile telephones cellular phones or other radio transmitters are not to be used within the range of three meters of this unit since the electromagnetic field intensity may then exceed the maximum allowed disturbance values according to IEC 61326 1 This product has been tested and found to comply with the limits according to IEC 61326 1 for using connection cables shorter than 3 meters 9 8 feet 1 1 Safet d Attention 9 The following statement applies to the products covered in this manual unless otherwise specified herein The statement for other products will appear in the accompanying documentation Note This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules and meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference Causin
50. o operate with the new sensor The PM100A also supports custom detectors please refer to chapter 4 2 2 for the console measurement settings and chapter 7 4 for the connector pin out 4 2 Controlling the PM100A 4 2 1 Navigating the Menus The measurement screens contain of five menu items soft buttons that are arranged in a column in the right of the graphics display These can be navigated with the up and down A V keys and controlled by the left and right lt P keys and or the enter edit OK key The focus is always on the button in inverse presentation 4 2 2 System Settings After navigating to the bottom soft button and confirming it with the OK key the system menu can be scrolled with the A or W keys To perform the initial adjustments the settings can be edit or changed with the lt or gt keys on ring controls or by using all navigation keys for numeric controls The menu is arranged on three pages with four lines each The items depend on the connected sensor To leave the system menu press the OK key or navigate down or up to the EXIT item and confirm with OK Page 1 Measurement Settings 4 2 Controlling the PM100A Bandwidth Accelerator Attenuation Line Filter Adapter Type Sets input bandwidth to High or Low lt gt only visible with connected photodiode sensor Enables disables the speed up circuit lt gt only visible with connected thermal sensors Includes a filter or beam splitter for t
51. ol of the unit Attentiond This manual contains WARNINGS and ATTENTION labels in this form to indicate danger for persons or possible damage to equip ment Please read these advises carefully NOTE This manual also contains NOTES and HINTS written in this form 1 1 Safety 1 General Information The PM100A Handheld Optical Power Meter is designed to measure the optical power of laser light or other monochromatic or near monochromatic light sources and the energy of pulsed light sources The space saving battery powered design and compatibility to all Thorlabs C Type Photodiode Thermal Pyroelectric sensors and custom Photodiode Thermal and Pyroelectric detectors featured with a fast USB device interface open a wide range of applications in Manufacturing Quality Control Quality Assurance and R amp D for stationary and field use The unit combines a precise 4 digit power readout with a mechanical mirror supported analog needle meter to perform laser tuning tasks or watching trends Please refer to the user manual on the data carrier supplied with the unit for detailed function description The provided software including drivers and applications for LabVIEW and C makes it easy to integrate the instrument in test and measurement systems A rechargeable lithium polymer battery allows long intervals between the charging cycles The unit can be recharged with the supplied AC adapter or via USB connection t
52. ontact the Thorlabs Hotline europe thorlabs com before sending the PM100D for checkup and repair to Thorlabs Germany gt refer to section 7 7 Addresses on page 63 54 7 1 Warranty 7 Appendix 7 1 Warranty Thorlabs warrants material and production of the PM100A for a period of 24 months starting with the date of shipment During this warranty period Thorlabs will see to defaults by repair or by exchange if these are entitled to warranty For warranty repairs or service the unit must be sent back to Thorlabs or to a place determined by Thorlabs The customer will carry the shipping costs to Thorlabs in case of warranty repairs Thorlabs will carry the shipping costs back to the customer If no warranty repair is applicable the customer also has to carry the costs for back shipment In case of shipment from outside EU duties taxes etc which should arise have to be carried by the customer Thorlabs warrants the hard and software determined by Thorlabs for this unit to operate fault free provided that they are handled according to our requirements However Thorlabs does not warrant a fault free and uninterrupted operation of the unit of the soft or firmware for special applications nor this instruction manual to be error free Thorlabs is not liable for consequential damages Restriction of warranty The warranty mentioned before does not cover errors and defects being the result of improper treatment software or interfac
53. ost devices Failure to do so may violate FCC and ICES rules 1 2 Ordering Codes and Accessories 1 2 Ordering Codes and Accessories Order Code Description PM100A Handheld Power Meter Console Photodiode Power Sensors Order Code Type Detector Aperture Wavelength Power mm nm W 120C Compact Sensor Si 9 5 400 1100 50n 50m 120VC Compact Sensor UV Si O95 200 1100 50n 50m 121C Compact Sensor Si G95 400 1100 500n 500m 122C Compact Sensor Ge 9 5 700 1800 50n 40m S130C Slim Sensor Si 9 5 400 1100 5n 5m Dual Range 500n 500m S130VC Slim Sensor UV Si 9 5 200 1100 5n 5m Dual Range 50n 50m 132C Slim Sensor Ge 9 5 700 1800 5n 5m Dual Range 1200 1800 500n 500m S140C Integr Sphere 1 Si 5 0 350 1100 1u 500m S144C Integr Sphere 1 InGaAs 5 0 800 1700 1u 500m 142C Integr Sphere 2 Si 12 350 1100 10u 20 145C Integr Sphere 2 InGaAs 12 800 1700 1u 3 S145C Integr Sphere 2 InGaAs 12 800 1700 10u 20 150C Fiber Head Si 3 6 x 3 6 350 1100 100p 5m 151C Fiber Head Si 3 6 x 3 6 400 1100 1n 20m 154C Fiber Head InGaAs 2 0 700 1700 100p 5m 155C Fiber Head InGaAs 2 0 700 1700 1n 20m Thermal Power Sensors Order Code Type Aperture Wavelength Power mm nm W S302C Thermally Stabil
54. ponse value for one wavelength can be set n system menu on page 3 the time constant to 63 of the connected thermal sensor can be set This time constant value adjusts the acceleration circuit for the measurement prediction 21 4 3 Analog Output 4 3 Analog Output The analog output provides on its SMA connector the amplified and buffered photo diode current or thermal sensor voltage For photodiode sensors the bandwidth setting influences the output signal with thermal sensors the analog output shows the direct amplified and accelerated voltage response from the sensor The signals from the analog output are not wavelength and zero corrected The analog output voltage is range dependent and can be calculated to Uanatog out 2V power range value x displayed power value The analog output voltage can range from 0 3V to 2 3V 4 4 Tune Sound The menu item switches on and off an audible tone for laser tuning support The intermitting tone will increase its repetition rate up to a permanent sound at the maximum reached power level When the Tune feature is activated the maximum level is indicated instead of the operating wavelength To reset the maximum power level to the actual level press one of the or P keys Leaving the focus of the TUNE item or pressing OK will stop the sound h 1064nm EEPE F 2 0ply A maximum power level oe FES 9 9 NW MENU P Sound on off OK Reset maximum level lt gt F
55. s a certain gap between fiber tip and detector surface has to be kept to decrease the power density Thorlabs offers fiber adapters with the most common connectors that are verified with the S12xC series optical sensors and with most thermal sensors For large divergence angles or fiber measurements that are critical to back reflections it is recommended to use an integrating sphere based sensor from the S14xC series Another good choice for fiber based measurements are the new Fiber Heads of the S15xC series They plug directly to the meter and go without a disturbing cable between sensor and console 27 6 1 PM100 Utility Software 6 Computer Interface The PM100A optical power meter has a USB 2 0 interface that allows to send commands from a host computer to the instrument The connection between PC and PM100A is accomplished by a USB cable with a male type A connector at the PC side and a type Mini B connector on the instrument side When connecting the PM100A to the PC first time a new hardware will be found For proper installing the PM100A it requires a NI VISA runtime version on the PC available on the National Instruments website www ni com or from the data carrier that comes with the instrument Allow installing and follow the dialog instructions 6 1 PM100 Utility Software The PM100A comes with a utility software that easily enables remotely operating the PM100A and visualizing and logging measurement data The software
56. splay will show the device status and then jump to the last measurement screen before power down The PM100A is immediately ready to use after turning on 3 2 Physical Overview 3 2 Physical Overview 3 2 1 Front Panel Function Keys Navigation s spe 7s ue 47 vaa T Sas 9 90 NS Mmm ES E v Enter Edit OK Wavelength Relative Measure A Backlight Key X3 Analog Meter Needle Zero Adjust Graphics Display Switch off unit prior to adjusting Figure 1 Physical Overview Front Panel 3 2 2 Side Panel On Off Switch USB Connector Sensor Connector DB9 female i O USB ANALOG O em our O 0 2V 5 VDC 1A SENSOR DC Input Charger Analog Output SMA Figure 2 Physical Overview Side Panel 10 3 2 Physical Overview 3 2 3 Rear Panel Pull here to lift the support Removable Protective Rubber Boot Figure 3 Rear View 3 2 4 Bottom Mounting Thread 1 4 20 Figure 4 Physical Overview Bottom View 3 2 Physical Overview 3 2 5 Display 4 9 6 2 an oP 10125 A 8 A ANS WAVELET ry 49 9 6 Wo yf te p WD SSS IT JO 79 Power Scales Qs NAM uem e Ty N p l 1 7 J S0 0 cs ed Power Range Operating Wavelength 4 digit Power Menu Items Soft Buttons Readout with units Information Status and Warning Indicators Delta Power Scale Power Scale Setting Figure 5 Disp
57. t performing identification query configuring the operation register to 512 flag gets to HI when a new measurement value is ready to fetch clear operation register PM100D_Write vi Writes a SCPI command to the connected instrument PM100D_Read vi Reads data from the connected instrument All query commands according the SCPI command table are terminated by a question mark PM100D_SensorFlag vi This VI queries all relevant sensor info with SYST SENS IDN sensor name sensor serial number calibration message sensor type sensor sub type sensor flags PM100D_ConfMeas vi CONFigure measurement CONF lt parameter gt POW ENER etc ABORt measurement Clear operation register with STAT OPER INITiate measurement PM100D_SYST ERR vi This VI lists all errors coming from the instrument with the command SYST ERR no error is suppressed PM100D Close vi Closes the VISA session Sets the connected instrument in local mode default option 6 4 Using the Instrument Drivers 6 4 Using the Instrument Drivers The PM100USB software package contains a set of instrument drivers that allow conveniently remote controlling the instrument in most common programming languages The instrument drivers must be installed please follow the setup dialog instructions To successfully complete the install of the PM100 USB drivers you must have Administrator privileges on the PC which you are perform i
58. te the power incident on the active area of the sensor With a photodiode sensor that can follow short pulses in the ns range it is important that the pulse peak power is within the maximum power range of the sensor It is also important that the power range is set that accordingly the peak power is within this range otherwise the reading will clip at the range end and lead to a wrong average value Further it is important to use a power range that can measure the peak value therefore the Min Max function is very helpful Depending on the pulse length and repetition rate the bandwidth setting will influence the power reading It is recommended to use the LOW bandwidth setting for a stable display when the pulse should be monitored via the analog output the bandwidth should be set to HIGH 5 4 Line width of Light Sources The line width of light sources can be neglected only when using a broadband thermal or pyro electric sensor Photodiode sensors show a strong dependency of the operating wavelength so if the line width of light sources is greater than 10nm e g LED there may be an influence on the displayed power To achieve the best result for broadband light sources with a photodiode sensor it is necessary that the response curve is nearly linear over the line width When entering the center wavelength of the light source as operation wavelength the PM100A will nearly show the right optical power for a symmetrical spectral response
59. te with a new line character The IEEE 488 EO end or identify message is interpreted as a new line character and can be used to terminate a command string in place of a new line character A carriage return followed by a new line is also accepted Command string termination will always reset the current SCPI command path to the root level IEEE 488 2 Common Commands The IEEE 488 2 standard defines a set of common commands that perform functions like reset self test and status operations Common commands always begin with an asterisk are four to five characters in length and may include one or more parameters The command keyword is separated from the first parameter by a blank space Use a semicolon to separate multiple commands as shown below RST CLS ESE 32 OPC SCPI Parameter Types The SCPI language defines several different data formats to be used in program messages and response messages Numeric Parameters Commands that require numeric parameters will accept all commonly used decimal representations of numbers including optional signs decimal points and scientific notation Special values for numeric parameters like MINimum MAXimum and DEFault are also accepted You can also send engineering unit suffixes with numeric parameters e g M K or u If only specific numeric values are accepted the power energy meter will automatically round the input numeric parameters The following comman
60. tegrating sphere based S14xC series sensor where the incoming light gets nearly completely absorbed in the sensor 5 8 Beam Diameter vs Active Sensor Area Most sensors are not completely uniform in their response over the active area except are sensors that are using an integrating sphere as filter and diffuser To overcome uniformity issues the incident beam should have a diameter larger than 1096 sensor area A second topic to follow are the maximum allowed power and energy densities of the sensor The maximum ratings are given in the sensor spec sheet The PM100A can display the actual power or energy density for a known beam diameter For high power or high energy beams a good efficiency can be reached to chose a detector that is about 2096 3096 larger than the beam diameter 26 5 9 Fiber Based Measurements 5 9 Fiber Based Measurements Laser light emits from an optical fiber in a conical shape with an angle twice the acceptance angle of the fiber The acceptance angle is calculated by the numerical aperture of the fiber and is defined as the inverse sine of the numerical aperture Fore typical single mode fibers the total angle of the emitted light is between 15 and 25 for an angled connector APC the cone shifts by approximately 4 from the fiber axis This expansion of the beam has to be considered to avoid overfilling the detector and getting wrong results On the other hand for measurements with high power fiber laser
61. ts displayed T indicator and green light Left Sub Display The display has the following configurable items no display maximum value sampling until reset ratio max min value sampling until reset power or energy density alternate unit depending on connected sensor the possible choices depend on the connected sensor 29 6 1 PM100 Utility Software Right Sub Display The display has the following configurable items the possible choices depend on the connected sensor no display minimum value sampling until reset frequency or repetition rate temperature resistance of temperature sensor Bargraph indicator The bargraph indicator shows the incidence or the used measurement range Statistics screen Statistical values in linear and logarithmic representation Data logging screen Shows the logging history data Histogram Power Energy histogram displays histogram data Chart display Power Energy Chart with Y auto scale and a 1000 point history length Range button Press to open a dialog box for setting the measurement range The indicator in the button shows the currently used measurement range in the chosen unit A green light indicates auto ranging Shortcut Shift F1 Wavelength Response button Press this button to open a dialog box for setting the correction wavelength or in adapter mode to enter the responsivity value in A W or V W The currently used parameter is indicate
62. unction state Sets the current range in W Queries the current range Sets a delta reference value in W Queries the delta reference value Switches to delta mode 49 6 5 SCPI Commands UNIT STATe W DBM UNIT VOLTage DC RANGe AUTO OFF 0 ON 1 AUTO UPPer MINmum MAXimum numeric valuje V UPPer MINimum MAXimum REFerence MINimum MAXimum DEFault numeric value V REFerence MINimum MAXimum DEFault STATe OFF 0 ONI 1 Queries the delta mode state Sets the power unit W or dBm Queries the power unit Switches the auto ranging function on and off Queries the auto ranging function state Sets the current range in V Queries the current range Sets a delta reference value in V Queries the delta reference value Switches to delta mode MAXimum DEFault numeric value THReshold MINimum MAXimum DEFault STATe Queries the delta mode state PEAKdetector THReshold MINimum Sets the trigger level in for the energy mode Queries the trigger level setting 50 Commands for PM100D PM100USB only 6 5 SCPI Commands 6 5 2 4 INPut subsystem commands Command Description INPut PDIode FILTer LPASs STATe OFF O ON 1 Sets the bandwidth of the photodiode input stage STATe Queries the bandwidth of the photodiode inut stage THERmopile ACCelerator
63. ware 6 1 1 Front Panel 6 1 2 Description of the Front Panel Elements 6 2 Firmware Update 6 3 Simple LabVIEW Example using SCPI Commands 6 4 Using the Instrument Drivers 6 5 SCPI Commands 6 5 1 An Introduction to the SCPI language 6 5 2 IEEE488 2 Common Commands 6 5 2 1 Command summary 6 5 2 2 Command reference 6 5 2 3 PM100D specific SCPI Command Reference 6 6 Maintenance and Repair 6 7 Maintenance 6 8 Troubleshooting Appendix 7 1 Warranty 7 2 Certifications and compliances 7 3 Technical data 7 4 Pin Assignment of the Sensor Connector 7 5 Thorlabs End of Life policy WEEE 7 5 1 Waste treatment on your own responsibility 7 5 2 Ecological background 7 6 List of figures 7 7 Addresses 26 27 28 28 29 29 32 33 37 38 38 41 41 42 43 53 53 54 55 55 56 57 59 60 60 61 62 63 OR NES We aim to develop and produce the best solution for your application in the field of optical measurement technique To help us to live up to your expectations and develop our products permanently we need your ideas and suggestions Therefore please let us know about possible criticism or ideas We and our international partners are looking forward to hearing from you Thorlabs This part of the instruction manual contains every specific information on the PM100A handheld optical power meter A general description is followed by explanations of how to operate the unit manually You will also find information about a simple remote contr

17655-D02 PM100A User Manual Rev A

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