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solid-medicine cabinet and inventory system with time based alarm

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3. WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPREZHUL OF THE PRESIDENT OF PATERA 5 EMICDORNDLOCTOR CORP ORATION used herein which ass risti for piri inta bos or support or aminin Fa arci fadum pecan ahari propady ued ini acai with irairucticnas br ua probis ha can ba rarabi mi rade in eget iru cam m char amo an IT sl 1 gut daima or dekas cr et muppnet device or whoa to parir can ba axpeetas p ibas Fara of ta mp or or aet mm saa or shara a oe BIDUO Je Beaton 4443054030 753 ELE a ee ee ERES RE ERE 100 D Program Listing Mikro C v3 2 Program Listing char read error int i 0x00 0x00 q 0 void main ADCON1 6 0 00 TRISB 0x00 port b as output TRISD 0x00 port d as output TRISE 0x00 port e as output PORTB 0x00 turn off LED PORTD 0x00 turn off LED PORTE 0x00 turn off PORT E UART1_Init 9600 Initialize UART module at 9600 bps Delay_ms 100 Wait for UART module to stabilize while 1 Endless loop if UART1 Data Ready If data is received read UART1_Read read the received data if read 57 UART1_Write x break exi
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5. else 121 tabControl1 SelectTab Notification tab while NOTIFY ARRAY INDEX gt 0 notification listbox Items Add notify array NOTIFY ARRAY INDEX private void ClearNotification if this InvokeRequired SetTextCallback d 2 new SetTextCallback ClearNotification this Invoke d new object else notification_listbox Items Clear EDIT TAB HE RETE RETE HERE HEETE ERE HERE E REHE HERE HERE HERE HERE E EE EE EE private void edit drawer listBox SelectedValueChanged object sender EventArgs e string previous 0 edit medicine listBox Items Clear foreach Control item in Edit tab Controls if item GetType typeof GroupBox foreach Control item1 in item Controls if item1 GetType typeof MaskedTextBox 5 item1 ResetText else if item1 GetType typeof ComboBox ComboBox dd ComboBox item1 dd SelectedIndex 1 else if item1 GetType typeof RadioButton RadioButton dd RadioButton item1 dd Checked false 122 if edit drawer listBox SelectedIndex gt 0 if edit drawer listBox SelectedItem ToString Length 8 drw no edit drawer listBox SelectedItem ToString Substring 7 1 else drw no edit drawer listBox SelectedItem ToString Substring 7 2 SglConnection connection new SglConnection Q Data Source Initial Catalog C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL
6. 69 6 If the user wants to reset the hardware just click the Reset button careful in doing this because this will reinitialize the device 2 Medicine Cabinet v1 0 Mocfication Schede Ede Schedule Lat inverzary History Maintenance Light Test F Drawer 2 Dewes V V Drawer Drawer Vi Omes Drawer 2 4 Drawer Drewes Select 2 0 7 2 Dewe3 Dawes V Dawet Dawer V Drswer O 7 1 W Dawei Dawei V 5 7 Select Al On V Drewes 7 Drewerl 70 8 If the reset was succesfull message box will appear indicating that the application found the device 2 Medicine Cabinet v1 0 5 Ede Schedule Lat invertory Hitoy Maintenance Light Test Orawer Drswe2 F Drewe V Drawers V Drawer Der Drewest Drawer Dewe V Drewen V Dawei Dawei V Oases 7 Drewer 6 1 COM port You may now use the application the medicine cabinet is connected to COMS2 V 2 F Drewerd Owed DeweS V ewe Drewes F Drewes Drawerl 7 Drewen Dowel Demwer 3 W Dowels Drawer
7. To turn off a particular light in a drawer select first the associated drawer number among the choices in the application For the picture below drawer 2 is on so we will select drawer 2 3 Medicine Cabinet v1 0 z us Schedule Lat ime tay Mant el DRAWERZ Catalan Pasion MEDICATION BIOGESIC 1 ASSIGNED TO Catalan Charina May TIME 00 14 DATE 2 3 2012 M Drawer Dawes DrewerS M Dawes Deawer7 Drawer Dewerll M Dawei M Drweri3 M Drawers 5 Drawerit Select Al a m Saturday March 03 2012 12 16 AM 51 4 Then click the Off button DRAWER2 Catalan Nel Pasion MEDICATION BIOGESIC 1 pc pcs ASSIGNED TO Catatan Chara May TIME 00 14 DATE 3 3 2012 Gear User left click on Off push button in Medicine dewei Cabinet v1 0 Fj Dawe Dawe F 0 E Drewer2 Drewer3 Drewerd Dremerd om EX Saturday March 03 2012 12 16 AM 5 A message box will appear which will verify the user action Click Yes if you want to proceed otherwise click No Notficaten Schede Edt Schedule Lat inventory History Manteranse DRAWER Catalan Nel Pasion MEDICATION BIOGESIC 1 pc pcs ASSIGNED TO Catatan Charna May TIME 00 14 DATE 3 3 2012 Warning this action wi
8. Specify a currently active folder if Directory Exists activeDir t activeDir c Combine the active directory to the new subfolder newPath Path Combine activeDir password Create the subfolder Directory CreateDirectory newPath Combine the file name with the path newPath Path Combine newPath old_password if File Exists newPath Create the file and write to it using StreamWriter sw new StreamWriter newPath write to the file the initial password sw Write neil sw Close else Combine the file name with the path newPath Path Combine activeDir old_password if File Exists newPath Create the file and write to it using StreamWriter sw new StreamWriter newPath write to the file the initial password 130 sw Write neil sw Close retrieves the old_password if c password old_password already exist else it will be back to initial password old password System 10 File ReadAllText newPath private void change_password_LinkClicked object sender LinkLabelLinkClickedEventArgs e new_password ResetText password ResetText retype_password ResetText forgot_password Enabled false label2 Visible true label3 Visible true new password Visible true retype password Visible true back but Visible true buttoni Text CHANGE private void button1_Click object sender EventArgs e if
9. wel RHOD QUILANTIP RN Chief Nurse 2536101 136 Solid Medicine Cabinet and Inventory System with Time Based Alarm and Light Emitting Diode Notifier Neil Carlo P Catalan Josiah David D Jose Carla Louie Leandicho School of Electrical Engineering Electronics Engineering and Computer Engineering Mapua Institute of Technology Muralla St Intramuros Manila Philippines ncpcatalan mymail mapua edu ph 25 ddjose mymail mapua edu ph 1 1 1 mapua edu ph Abstract The common causes of medication errors are missing doses taking incorrect amounts and taking medicines at the wrong time These mistakes could lead to increase discomfort inadequate diseases prevention and possibly even death of the patient The main purpose of this study is to lessen the medication errors and cost of the hospitals by designing a medicine cabinet The medicine cabinet has light indicators in each drawer and an alarm that will notify a nurse if a particular patient needs medication It has also inventory system to monitor the patient s medicine It will be developed using a MCU MicroController Unit a high level programming language and a database management system The MCU is connected to several LED Light Emitting Diode buzzer and to the computer We intended to have two tests which are the LED and alarm testing using UART terminal and the Cft code Keywords UART MCU LED Medic
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11. break case 10 port Write j break case 11 port Write k break case 12 port Write I break case 13 port Write m break case 14 port Write n break case 15 port Write o break case 16 port Write p break 120 port Write q Thread Sleep 200 port Write Q port Close int var int Parse retrieve total qty i var int Parse retrieve qty per intake i retrieve total qty i var ToString if var gt 0 command CommandText string Format UPDATE dbo cabstorage SET total qtyz 0 WHERE med_name 1 retrieve total qty i retrieve med name i command ExecuteNonQuery else if retrieve_every_other_day i command CommandText string Format UPDATE dbo cabstorage SET date_of_intake 0 WHERE access_id 1 DateTime Parse retrieve_date_of_intake i AddDays 1 ToString yyyy MMM dd retrieve access id i command ExecuteNonQuery else if retrieve every other day i T command CommandText string Format UPDATE dbo cabstorage SET date of intakez 0 WHERE access id 1 DateTime Parse retrieve date of intake i AddDays 2 ToString yyyy MMM dd retrieve access id i command ExecuteNonQuery i 2 connection Close private void ShowNotificationTab if this InvokeRequired SetTextCallback d 2 new SetTextCallback ShowNotificationTab this Invoke d new object
12. 4 dimensions D Constraints The constraint s of the solution in terms of economics is first the solution requires a good budget in order to install in a particular hospital The designers of the solution want to have a plan for actual implementation but still the return of investment is not yet considered In terms of manufacturability the solution may require a custom built cabinet for medicine and the electronic parts which may lead to larger cost compare with an ordinary cabinet And lastly computer is needed for the design solution to work In terms of capability the medicine cabinet is only intended to store solid medicines for oral medication computer is not capable of accessing other medicine cabinet Thus it will provide monitoring on one cabinet only In terms of sustainability the medicine cabinet will use a regular adapter that is plug in to a regular outlet so sustainability in power source is not yet considered addition the medicine cabinet is interfaced with the computer with database which requires maintenance by an expert In terms of software application the solution will require initial inputs on the stocks of medicine patient s name name of the doctor time of intake slot number on the cabinet the name of medicine and etc Next only the authorized person can assign the schedule for each nurse on the computer Third the connection between the cabinet and computer is not wireless Fou
13. 6 Success Success Success Success 100 TABLE VI TEST FOR BUZZER RESPONSE WITH C CODE Trials 1 2 3 4 Success of Success 100 Success Success Success Table V and VI show the response of the light signal and the alarm with the test inputs of the software application it clearly shows that the solution responded to a particular scheduled time Again the percentage of success was measured using equation 3 1 III CONCLUSIONS The design Solid Medicine Cabinet Inventory System with Time Based Alarm and Light Emitting Diode LED Notifier was designed developed constructed and tested The designed device was able to monitor the time intake of medicine of a patient The design provides a more accurate time of take of medicine The alarm and LED notifies the nurse in charge that a patient needs to take medication through this the medication of every patient is monitored The design has its inventory system that will monitor what medicine should be taken out and check the quantity of available medicine Through this inventory the medicine given to the patients will be on time The nurse assigned will be notified by the inventory that a patient needs to take what kind of medicines and amount of medicine needed to be taken The tests that were conducted by the designers show the planned output of the device The designed device will be helpful to the doctors
14. Time Based Alarm and Light Emitting Diode LED Notifier Figure 3 3 Schematic Diagram Figure 3 4 Program Flow for the Software Application Figure 3 5 Data Flow Diagram for Scheduling Figure 3 6 Data Flow Diagram for Inventory Figure 3 7 Program Flow for PIC16F877A vii 5 common causes of medication errors are missing doses taking incorrect amounts and taking medicines at the wrong time These mistakes could lead to increase discomfort inadequate diseases prevention and possibly even death of the patient The main purpose of this study is to lessen the medication errors and cost of the hospitals by designing a medicine cabinet The medicine cabinet has light indicators in each drawer and an alarm that will notify a nurse if a particular patient needs medication It has also inventory system to monitor the patient s medicine It will be developed using MCU MicroController Unit a high level programming language and a database management system The MCU is connected to several LED Light Emitting Diode buzzer and to the computer We intended to have two tests which are the LED and alarm testing using UART terminal and the C code Keywords UART MCU LED Medicine cabinet Inventory system viii Chapter 1 DESIGN BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Overview Hospitals are one of the facilities that are used by people to give them medical surgical or psychiatric treatment and nursing care It is important to
15. ensure the safety and security of its patients by giving them right medication healthy food and clean environment By considering safety and security the patient will gain trust to the service of the hospital Nurses are of big help in a hospital because they are assigned at the nurse station in each ward where they manually check the schedule of patient s time for taking their medicines as ordered by a doctor The common problems that the nurses commit include having trouble with the patients schedule and what medicines they need to deliver to their patients It is critical for the nurses to give the right medicine at its scheduled time of medication to ensure the patient s safety and health Nowadays hospitals are using different technologies in medication to ensure the safety of its patient Before hospitals are using medicine cabinet that has compartments for containing supplies of different kinds of medications to be accessed by a healthcare attendant for preparing individual medication dosages for named patients With the use of technology some of the medicine cabinets include a processor having a memory for storing the names of patients and their prescribed medication dosages and a display screen for displaying the patient names and their respective prescribed medication dosages tray includes display screen for displaying the patient names and their respective medication dosages and a communication link with the medicine cab
16. o Sure Every Other Dealbcele Temnate Save 2 Then the necessary information will appear Select a medicine from the list box as seen in the picture s Medicine Cabinet 5 108 e gt DRAWER DRAWER 2 DRAWER 3 DRAWER 4 DRAWER 5 DRAWER 6 DRAWER 7 DRAWER 8 DRAWER 9 DRAWER 10 DRAWER 11 DRAWER 12 DRAWER 13 DRAWER 14 DRAWER 15 DRAWER 16 Schede List Invertory Martenanoe Patient s information Last Fist Name Midde Name 3 33 Tota Quantty Quantity Per intake Number of take Par Day Per Wook Every CO Other 60 3 Click Terminate button Schede Scheduie Lid Invertory History Maintenance Drawer Number Patient s information Last Name Midde Name Last Name Fret Midde Nama asas DRAWER 2 DRAWER 3 DRAWER 4 DRAWER 5 DRAWER 6 Tota Quentty intake DRAWER 7 i DRAWER 8 DRAWER 9 DRAWER 10 DRAWER 11 DRAWER 12 DRAWER 13 DRAWER 14 DRAWER 15 DRAWER 16 Number cl itake Per Dey 4 A message box will appear this will verify the user action Click Yes to proceed otherwise click No Last Name Frst Name Midde Name 3 38 This action will terrninate schedule cf medicine for the patient assigned for this drawer you want to continue 61 Deallocating a d
17. 16 71 10 A message box will appear indicating the port number Light Test F Drawer F Drewerd F V Drewes Dre ewed Drawer F Dawei V V 5 7 Drewert6 1 COM port medicsne cabinet is connected 52 72 Entering password 1 Below is the prompt for entering the password Just type the password in the text box then click OK If the user forgot the password click the Forgotten your password link or if the user wants to change the password click the Change password link Password Forgotten your password Change password Cow Changing password 1 Below is the prompt for changing the password Type the latest password on the first textbox next type your new password then retype it in the next textbox for verification purposes Password New Password Retype Password Change password 73 Forgotten your password 1 Initially the application does not have a recovery password so it is a must for the user to set it first If you click the Forgotten your password link the prompt below will appear After filling up the textboxes click SET button Recovery Password Retype Password DL Foraotten your password 2 If you already have a recovery password the prompt below will appear if
18. 16 led s and also the allow medicine to be store is only solid Time Based Alarm a buzzer that will notify the nurses on the schedule patients on his her medicine intake RFID Radio Frequency Identification a technology that incorporates the use of electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in the radio frequency RF portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an object animal or person Nursing Care described as a care given to patients by nursing service personnel Medical Ward block forming a division of a hospital or a suite of rooms shared by patients who need a similar kind of care Smart medical refrigerator a medical dispenser that monitors whether the patient took his her medication AphA American Pharmacists Association previously known as the American Pharmaceutical Association founded 1852 is the first established professional society of pharmacists within the United States MCU Microcontroller Unit a single chip that contains the processor the CPU non volatile memory for the program ROM or flash volatile memory for input and output RAM a clock and an I O control unit RS 232 Recommended Standard 232 the traditional name for a series of standards for serial binary ended data and control signals connecting between a DTE Data Terminal Equipment and a DCE Data Circuit terminating Equipment TTL Transistor transistor logic a class of digital circuits
19. Cannot locate medicine cabinet it might be unplugged or the mcu is not properly reset upon closing press OK to exit COM port MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Exclamation if result DialogResult OK Close private void show_com_port_number_but_Click object sender EventArgs e MessageBox Show The medicine cabinet is connected to PORTNAME PORTNAME INDEX COM port MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Information private void buzzer_test_on_but_Click object sender EventArgs e DialogResult result MessageBox Show Warning this action will turn on the buzzer on the cabinet Do you want to continue Buzzer Test MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Warning if result DialogResult Yes port Open port Write q port Close private void buzzer_test_off_but_Click object sender EventArgs e 111 DialogResult result MessageBox Show Warning this action will turn off the buzzer on the cabinet Do you want to continue Buzzer Test MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Warning if result DialogResult Yes 5 port Open port Write Q port Close 33388 3 32 MAINTENANCE TAB END 4 4444848 44448 SCHEDULE TAB private void schedule but Click object sender EventArgs e int time_interval_in_hours a_day_in_hours 24 DialogResult result MessageBox Show Are you sure with this action SCHED
20. MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL10_50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDF Integrated Security True SglCommand command try connection Open command new SqlCommand command Connection connection command CommandText string Format DELETE FROM dbo cabstorage WHERE drawer no 0 AND 1 drw_no edit medicine listBox SelectedItem ToString command ExecuteNonQuery connection Close catch i MessageBox Show Select first the medicine you want to terminate the notification TERMINATE MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Information private void edit deallocate Click object sender EventArgs e DialogResult result MessageBox Show This action will deallocate medicine s for this drawer Do you want to continue DEALLOCATE MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Warning if result DialogResult Yes SglConnection connection new SglConnection Q Data Source Initial Catalog C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL10_50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDF Integrated Security True SglCommand command try connection Open command new SglCommand command Connection connection command CommandText string Format DELETE FROM dbo cabstorage WHERE drawer lt 40 drw command ExecuteNonQuery connection Close 127 i catch 3 MessageBox Show You did not select a drawer or this drawer is empty DEALLOCATE MessageBoxButtons OK Me
21. Name aaa DRAWER 2 DRAWER 3 DRAWER 4 DRAWER 5 Starting Time Tota Quanity Guertity Par intake DRAWER 8 0746PM 3 1 DRAWER 9 DRAWER 10 DRAWER 11 DRAWER 12 DRAWER 13 DRAWER 14 DRAWER 15 DRAWER 16 58 7 message box will appear this will verify the user action click Yes to proceed otherwise click No Last Name Fiat Nama Middle Name saa ases This action will affect a schedule of a medicine for the patient assigned for this drawer Do you went to continue DRAWER 16 8 A message box will appear indicating that the saving of the data was done 459 Medicine Cabinet lO 8 Schedule List Invertory History Mertenence Patient s information DRAWER 3 DRAWER 4 DRAWER 5 DRAWER 6 DRAWER 7 DRAWER 8 DRAWER 9 DRAWER 10 DRAWER 11 DRAWER 12 DRAWER 13 DRAWER 14 DRAWER 15 DRAWER 16 59 Terminating schedule for particular medicine in a specific drawer 1 To terminate a schedule for a particular medicine choose first a drawer number from the list box Take note that we are still at the Edit tab Schedule Lit Invertory History Maintenance Patient s information Doctor s information I Room Number Nama Frat Nama Midde Name d Medicine Select a medicine Stating Time Tota Quentty Quertty Per Itake i PM t Number take Per Dey intake Per Week
22. Tablets 80 Figure A 11 View of Drawer Number Two with Medicine Wrapper 81 Data Sheets S MICROCHIP 16 87 Data Sheet 28 40 Pin Bit CMOS FLASH Microcontrollers aaa T kemiy ea m 82 c o Cm ov to o9 9 od m ts o m wwe cere o boa Sees o fe ca v bet e Pom om V ho cmn te wee hec i qur CEE Tom De gt C mw ont The fo oe here oat ume 2 Dewey om m eo P wv LM LL To Bow eet Tu wu oN ep AA Lam nee u o9 a9 om 2 9 99 COD 9e r Femi gt P AA AS temve 83 A iA ee PIC16F87X 18 40 Pin 8 Bit CMOS FLASH Microcontrollers ireiuedad Dita Shan 1 EETEREDS Core Faaturar D ao lau C illi Ads ee a S Crane 2 cime Wyuud Ix opc 14 led res t ey Hed 196 Hed Pra ER eee FAATA 4 cu
23. a display screen for displaying the patient names and their respective medication dosages and a communication link with the medicine cabinet through which the cabinet processor communicates to the tray the patient names and their respective medication dosages Difference Our design project can differentiated from the said invention which requires a construction of cabinet processor while our design does not need it In our design solution we will not include tray with multiple compartments unlike the design mention above Our design solution will use a computer for its inventory of medicine while the design mention above will use a processor having a memory for storing the names of patients and their prescribed medication dosages So with the manufacturability of our design much more simple than one mentioned above Cabinet for Dispensing Medicines at Predetermined Times Inventor McLaughlin John A cabinet containing individual compartments each with individual time lock for holding various doses of prescribed medicines respectively is positioned adjacent a given patient s bed individual time locks programmed to open at given times during a 24 hour period at which the medicine in the corresponding compartment is to be given to the patient A signal light advises nurse whenever any one of the compartments is unlocked It is thus assured that the correct dose of the correct prescribed medicine is given to the correc
24. a resistor on each LED Each LED possesses its own series resistor These resistors can be used as reference resistors for adjusting the current in the diode If one LED fails the remaining LEDs continue to function When circuit is in a series connection a failure would lead to more current in the parallel connected diodes and an uneven distribution of brightness would arise For the failure recognition they test individual LEDs within an array for total failure When an LED leads to a break in path it causes no current to flow through the series resistor The proposed solution here is to use a multiplexer The multiplexer can be digitally controlled by the microcontroller Each LED is assigned an address which allows it to be selected by the PIC in order to determine the current passing through the diode for current regulation or to assist in failure recognition 24 Serial Communication from Microcontroller to Computer The article Concepts for transmitting data from a PC to a microcontroller by Ryan Kittredge discussed a serial port interface An RS232 serial port can be used in transmitting data between PC and the microcontroller There are many functions of serial one of the functions is that we can use it for downloading programs that have been compiled on a microcontroller There are drawbacks when using an RS232 because it uses a negative logic The microcontroller uses standard TTL logic so the RS232 signal has to be sent through
25. am the 140 hour part must be subtracted to 12 because of this diffirent process in converting 12 am and 12 pm time the designers considered these times as the two extreme values Now to represent a time between those extreme values the designer chose the time in trial 2 and trial 4 The said table is necessary so that the designers would not take every time in the clock this table serve as a representative time inputs to the software application Table V and VI show the collected data in testing the functionality of the LED and the buzzer of the created prototype using the trials in Table IV TABLE V TEST FOR THE SIXTEEN LED RESPONSES ON THEIR RESPECTIVE DRAWERS WITH C CODE 1 2 Trials 3 4 of Success 1 Success Success Success Success 100 2 Success Success Success Success 100 3 Success Success Success Success 100 4 Success Success Success Success 100 3 Success Success Success Success 100 6 Success Success Success Success 100 7 Success Success Success Success 100 8 Success Success Success Success 100 9 Success Success Success Success 100 0 Success Success Success Success 100 1 Success Success Success Success 100 2 Success Success Success Success 100 3 Success Success Success Success 100 4 Success Success Success Success 100 5 Success Success Success Success 100
26. and nurses to monitor patient s medication The researchers were able to conclude the following through testing First the solution responded to the signal that was sending using UART terminal and lastly the solution responded with the C program at corresponding user s test inputs ACKNOWLEDGMENT We are sincerely thankful to our adviser Dionis Padilla whose encouragement guidance support from the initial to the final level enabled us to develop an understanding of the subject It is a pleasure to extend gratitude to those who made this design project possible such as our parents who gave us the moral support and our friends Rommer and Francis Evangelista who helped us in the programming part of this design project We also would like to make a special reference to Ms Ayra Panganiban who is our professor in design course Without her guidance we could not have completed this design project We also like to thank our design panels for giving us the necessary corrections in documents Lastly we offer our blessings to everyone who supported us in any respect during the completion of the project REFERENCES 1 J Glucksman et al Programmed Medication Dispenser 1968 2 J T McLaughlin Cabinet for Dispensing Medicines at Predetermined Times 1973 3 Hicks and Hicks Portable Medicine Cabinet with Timer 1981 4 W G Hopkins Measurement 2000 5 W Aberl
27. another device to convert the negative logic back to TTL A MAX232 chip can be used to convert the negative logic to TTL and keep the data in serial format They also discussed the which is a type of serial communication developed by Philipps This technology is widely used in all kinds of electronic devices It is a two wire bus the first wire is the SCL or the Serial Clock line and the other is the SDA or the Serial Data Line The two wire bus allows data transmission between multiple devices Parallel port interface is also discussed in this article There are many benefits in using a parallel port one of which is that it is easy to manipulate with the software and the data is transmitted using standard TTL 0 5v signals Another benefit is that there is no need to put the signal back together parallel port has a 25 pin connecter on the computer that is commonly known as printer port LPT1 or LPT2 utilizing the parallel interface 8 pins are used for data transmission 1 pin that signals that the data is ready and clocks it through 1 pin to signal whether the data transmission was 25 an address or actual data and 1 to send signal back to the telling that the current task has been accomplished 26 Chapter 3 DESIGN PROCEDURES This chapter gives detailed information about the procedures used in developing the design entitled Solid Medicine Cabinet and Inventory System with Time Based Alarm and Light Emit
28. are programmed to open at given times during a 24 hour period at which the medicine in the corresponding compartment is to be given to the patient A signal light advises a nurse whenever any one of the compartments is unlocked It is thus assured that the correct dose of the correct prescribed medicine is given to the correct patient at the correct given time for that particular medicine Difference Our design project also differentiated to this design because the said invention is positioned adjacent to a given patient while our project is located at the medical ward nurse station and our design is only intended for solid medicine only Moreover our design does not provide a lock one mentioned above but our design solution provides a light indicator for each slot in the cabinet Our design solution also implements an inventory system that will keep track on what medicine is disposed from the cabinet in which an added features than the one mentioned above G Benefits The benefits of the proposed system are as follows First the checking of patient s medicine schedule is automated Next it provides safety in picking the medicines And it will tell on what medicines was being disposed to patients In short it will serve as an electronic guide to the nurse thus simplifying his her effort which will make his her do another activity inside the hospital related to his her work TESTING This chapter discusses various
29. by providing a locking mechanism in each drawer In terms of software security the software application only provides a simple password protection Future study is required to provide a more secured software application In terms of medicine quantity monitoring the whole system cannot detect if the quantity recorded by the software application is equal to real quantity in a drawer This problem can be address by providing a monitoring system that can be integrated with this design project In terms of the medicine cabinet size the size of the drawer and the cabinet is not limited to what is presented in this paper In terms of the design of user interface as well as its functionality the design of the software application is not limited to what is presented in this paper 45 terms of compatibility of the software application to other operating system this paper only presented a software application that is compatible for Windows operating system but it can be extend to other operating system 46 REFERENCES Glucksman J et al 1968 Programmed Medication Dispenser McLaughlin J T 1973 Cabinet for Dispensing Medicines at Predetermined Times Hicks T A and Hicks B G 1981 Portable Medicine Cabinet with Timer Hopkins W G 2000 Summarizing Data Precision of Measurement Aberle W Hofman M 2003 Driving LEDs with a PIC Microcontroller Kittredge R 2003 Concepts for Transmitting Data
30. design of the circuit Second the designers construct the circuit and simulate it using a software simulator in this case the designers used Proteus 7 Professional Third the designers made a version of the circuit in breadboard Fourth the designers programmed the PIC16F877A microcontroller using MikroC v3 2 and then the designers tested it Fifth the designers started to code the software application using Visual Studio 2010 then the designers integrated the circuit with the software application and tested it to identify errors And lastly after the correction of errors the designers assembled the circuit in Printed Circuit Board or PCB then tested the whole design system with respect with the objectives presented in chapter one 38 Chapter 4 TESTING PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA This chapter discusses the various tests conducted in relation to the stated objectives in Chapter 1 to determine the functionality and reliability of the created prototype Before the test the researchers planned to have five trials each drawer as well as with the buzzer Using the UART terminal in Mikro C the researchers send an ASCII character to the COM port of the computer then eventually the microcontroller will interpret that character to a command that will turn on or turn off a particular LED on the drawer or will alarm the buzzer Table 4 1 shows the output action of the microcontroller to a specific data input Table 4 1 serv
31. from a PC to a Microcontroller Kuwik P Thomas L York M Crump D Livingston D and Squire J C 2005 The Smart Medical Refrigerator Foo M Chua J Ng J 2011 Enhancing Medicine Adherence through Multifaceted Personalized Medicine Management 47 APPENDIX A Operation s Manual System Requirement These are the requirements necessary to operate the device It should be a laptop or a computer with the following features 1 Windows Operating System Windows XP and newer versions 2 USB Port 3 Microsoft NET Framework 4 Client Profile 4 Minimum Memory of 512MB 5 RS232 Serial port 6 USB to RS232 Converte for laptops Installation Procedure 1 Connect the 9 V adapter to the medicine cabinet 2 Connect the medicine cabinet to a RS232 serial port of a PC If it is a laptop connect first the USB to RS232 converter to a USB port then connect it to the medicine cabinet 3 Install Microsoft NET Framework for the software 48 User s Manual Opening the application 1 Double click the exe file Name MedicineCabinetDB mdf MedicineCabinetDB Io df vri ene Windows sApplications exe config 23 WindowsFormsApplication amp pdb WindewsFormsAppGcationg vshost exe 1 WindowsFormsApphcalionB vshostexec 2 28 20 ormnsAppication amp vshost exe 2 A message box will appear indicating that the application found the device Click OK COM port B You may no
32. ice cece uum chee ting auc bacior perio cUm chee hans c condition ayon hone in ha gawai nackyur d fua paoi pie Leccrum ic om sain ace parce ofa caca air ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS MAX270 222 2328 233A 242 243 Wore EM 10 1 4 C1 De 2 4 02 unies noled MEER MAX So TRANSMIT TERS Mi arena E e amp 38 v E Ww Di Toc MAKES normal coercion Mos Tremi Ve IM Vour 7 3m ww amp 38 19 252 RECEIVER E 22 mem 58 7313 Se AE MARE 1H 24 me 18 H eT ET 232 Inout Wer SW nec in shadn Ej h 1 lancer eum e tan Vou Vac E MAXL 93 5V Powered Multichannel RS 232 Drivers Receivers ELECTRICAL ee
33. new Collection string retrieve patient name new Collection string retrieve assigned nurse new Collection lt string gt retrieve room no new Collection lt string gt retrieve med name new Collection lt string gt retrieve qty per intake new Collection lt string gt retrieve time intake new Collection string retrieve date of schedule new Collection lt string gt retrieve total qty new Collection string int c1 0 c2 0 1 0 SqlConnection connection new SqiConnection Data Source Initial Catalog C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL10_50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDF Integrated Security True SglCommand command SqlDataReader read connection Open command new SqlCommand command Connection connection string Format SELECT FROM dbo cabstorage WHERE time_intake 0 AND date_of_intake 1 DateTime Now ToString HH mm DateTime Now ToString yyyy MMM dd command ExecuteNonQuery read command ExecuteReader while read Read retrieve_access_id Add read access_id ToString retrieve every other day Add read every other day ToString retrieve drawer no Add read drawer no ToString retrieve date of intake Add DateTime Parse read date of intake ToString ToString yyyy MMM dd retrieve patient name Add read patient name ToString retrieve assigned nurse A
34. new SglCommand command Connection connection command CommandText string Format UPDATE dbo cabstorage SET time 0 WHERE access_id 1 edited starting time access id retrieve kk command ExecuteNonQuery connection Close catch connection Close connection Open command new SglCommand command Connection connection command CommandText INSERT INTO cabstorage drawer_no patient_name assigned_nurse med_name qty_per_intake time_intake date_of_schedule room_no every_other_day total_qty date_of_intake VALUES _drawer_no _patient_name _assigned_nurse med name _qty_per_intake _time_intake _date_of_schedule _room_no _every_other_day _total_qty _date_of_intake command Parameters AddWithValue _drawer_no int Parse drw_no command Parameters AddWithValue patient name edit patient full name Text command Parameters AddWithValue assigned nurse edit nurse full name Text command Parameters AddWithValue room no int Parse edit room number Text 125 command Parameters AddWithValue name edit medicine listBox SelectedItem ToString command Parameters AddWithValue Q total qty int Parse edit total quantity Text command Parameters AddWithValue Q qty per intake int Parse edit quantity per intake Text command Parameters AddWithValue Q time intake edited starting time command Parameters AddWithValue date of sched
35. old password password Text amp amp button1 Text OK MgaVar okbut true this Close else if new password Text retype password Text amp amp button1 Text CHANGE 5 newpassword new password Text if old password password Text MessageBox Show Your old password is incorrect PASSWORD MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Error else old_password newpassword System I0 File WriteAllText c password old_password old password update password MessageBox Show Password has been changed PASSWORD MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxlIcon Information else if recovery password Text amp amp button1 Text RESET 5 131 System 10 File WriteAllText c password old_password update password file old password neil update password MessageBox Show Password has successfully reset PASSWORD MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Information else if password Text retype password Text amp amp 1 SET buttoni Text RESET using StreamWriter sw new StreamWriter newPath write to the file the password sw Write password Text sw Close retrieves the recovery if c password recovery already exist else it will be back to initial password recovery System IO File ReadAllText c password recovery MessageBox Show You now have recovery password please memorize this recovery password because you ca
36. server and sends an email to any designated contacts such as doctor a family member and friends to alert them that the patient did not take the medication Opening the door was used like an interrupt that will be sending a signal to the microcontroller that the patient had taken the medication When the door was closed during the time of the medication it will send alerts to any designated email address This device can also operate during blackouts While the device is connected to the house current it will be automatically recharged to maintain its peak energy It has also a battery level indicator that is used when the battery is in backup operation The battery indicator uses Light emitting diodes LEDs to display the remaining life of the battery 20 Figure 2 6 Smart Medical Refrigerator Source Paul Kuwik Thomas Largi Matt York Dennis Crump David Livingston and James C Squire 2005 During the testing process the problem that they encountered is that the when the door of the device was not shut Overall the patient found the device useful This device acts like an active sensor that requires patient interaction to send out an alarm Enhancing Medicine Adherence through Multifaceted Personalized Medicine Management 2011 In a research entitled Enhancing Medicine Adherence through Multifaceted Personalized Medicine Management it was said that medicine adherence is a growing p
37. tests conducted in relation to the stated objectives to determine the functionality and reliability of the created prototype Before the test the researchers planned to have five trials on each drawer as well as with the buzzer Using the UART terminal in Mikro C the researchers send ASCII character to the COM port of the computer then eventually the microcontroller will interpret that character to a command that will turn on or turn off a particular LED on the drawer or will alarm the buzzer Table I shows the output action of the microcontroller to a specific data input It will serves as the basis for determining if a data sent was successfully interpreted by the microcontroller 139 TABLE I EXPECTED ACTION BY THE MCU WITH THE TABLE II TEST FOR THE SIXTEEN LED RESPONSES ON THEIR CORRESPONDING INPUT DATA RESPECTIVE DRAWERS Affected Data State of the Trials of component input component output On Off On Off On Success Led 1 a On 1 Success Success Success Success Success 100 2 Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 2 b On 3 Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 3 c On 4 Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 4 d On 5 Success Success Success Succes
38. the portable apparatus for storing a plurality of different medicine bottles and indicating at certain predetermined times that a dose of medicine should be taken Figure 2 5 FIG 2 is a front elevation view of the portable apparatus of invention with the medicine secured within the respective compartments therefore FIG 3 is a side elevation view of the portable apparatus of the invention showing the time computer means in phantom lines within the cabinet and FIG 4 is a side view partly in section of the portable apparatus of the present invention with the snap on cover 19 The Smart Medical Refrigerator 2005 In the article titled The Smart Medical Refrigerator by Paul Kuwik Thomas Largi Matt York Dennis Crump David Livingston and James C Squire they developed a device see Figure 2 6 that will help elderly diabetics that were living alone without a nearby family The smart medical refrigerator is a medical dispenser that monitors whether the patient took his her medication An alarm and a blinking LED will alert the patient if the patient needs to take the medication schedule is programmed in a Microcontroller It can be reprogrammed using an externally accessible serial adapter for any change in the medicine s dosing schedule It has a modem that dials to an internet service provider ISP because whenever the patient did not take his her medicine it establishes a simple mail transfer protocol SMTP connection to the mail
39. you click the Forgotten your password link Fill with appropriate recovery password then click RESET button Forgotten your password 74 Troubleshooting Guides and Procedure 1 Ifthe software does not open 11 Unplug the adalpter from the 220 V outlet 2 If the cabinet does not found by the software 2 1 Check the device manager for any serial ports available if none seek for technical support 3 Check if the source outlet is 220 V AC Error Definitions 1 Adapter Malfuntioning Serial malfunctioning Device malfunctioning COM port Cannot locate medicine cabinet it might be unplugged or the mcu is not properly reset upon closing press OK to exit 2 Wrong data entry Null data entry SCHEDULE 75 SCHEDULE Wrong connections of ports Cannot locate medicine cabinet it might be unplugged or the mcu is A not properly reset upon closing press OK to exit 76 Pictures of Prototype Figure A 3 Complete Set up va i wom Lal Figure A 4 Complete Set up with LEDs in on state 77 Figure 5 AC Power Adaptor Unregulated Figure A 6 RS232 Female below attach to USB to RS232 Male converter above 78 Figure 7 Medicine Cabinet Front View Figure A 8 Rear View of Medicine Cabinet 79 Figure A 9 Front View of Drawer Number Two Figure A 10 Top View of Drawer Number Two with Medicine
40. 10_50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDF Integrated Security True SglCommand command SglDataReader read connection Open command new SglCommand command Connection connection command CommandText string Format SELECT FROM dbo cabstorage WHERE drawer 0 ORDER BY med name ASC drw_no command ExecuteNonQuery read command ExecuteReader while read Read edit patient full name Text read patient_name ToString edit room number Text read room no ToString edit nurse full name Text read assigned nurse ToString if read med name ToString previous edit medicine listBox Items Add read med name ToString previous read med name ToString read Close connection Close private void edit_medicine_listBox_SelectedValueChanged object sender EventArgs e SqlConnection connection new SqiConnection Data Source Initial Catalog C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL10_50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDF Integrated Security True SglCommand command Sq lDataReader read if edit_medicine_listBox SelectedItem null connection Open command new SglCommand command Connection connection command CommandText string Format SELECT COUNT access_id FROM dbo cabstorage WHERE drawer_no 0 AND med lt 1 drw no edit medicine listBox SelectedItem ToString 123 int numberofintake Int32 command ExecuteSca
41. 7X TABLE 1 1 PRT AND PINOUT DESCFIFTION cs cmm amu dumis NI ommum Dum nr eum b he lumus n DAT mcm imm WIL um mace GAD volnus SAD amm oy role WAS imi rand an en bum Sides oom cur pum GAL a ceed Er er STE um a Dpi aae ba molum Pyaar cmm ouem n oa a 1 ERC um m Umm wmm vimus eee eae M oH EH 8 8800088 WORD La cm Um iem drums eg reed birai cantum pe biai ntum ee c pee ce fee cc crum ume ed Dea c UE ye nig ni adieu AS ol aac dam he Trem mia mimi oe Tre Lim rund EC san he Trem amiin rp m L mpm mn n I amam bm hp eee eee PAHI mms m ihn ee em rpi he LE PC PEJ bm Pun Domim Teal md um Jaire oam qu T um He WT Jaire amare M m am ed ee ee Lage 1 2 rund Wo uum nul TTL TT
42. CAB MDF Integrated Security True SglCommand command SglDataReader read connection Open command new SqlCommand command Connection connection command CommandText SELECT FROM dbo medicine ORDER BY med_name ASC command ExecuteNonQuery read command ExecuteReader while read Read medicine listBox Items Add read med name ToString read Close connection Close search true backgroundWorker1 RunWorkerAsync timer1 Start goto Go theEnd Close Go private void Form1_FormClosing object sender FormClosingEventArgs e if READ DATA FROM MCU x port DtrEnable true port Open port Close port DtrEnable false port Open port Close private void timer1_Tick object sender EventArgs e Current_Date_Time1 Text DateTime Now ToString f Current_Date_Time2 Text DateTime Now ToString hh mm tt Current_Date_Time3 Text DateTime Now ToLongDateString 106 private void tabControl1 Selected object sender EventArgs if tabControl1 SelectedTab tabControl1 TabPages Schedule_tab Form2 form2 new Form2 form2 ShowDialog if MgaVar okbut true MgaVar okbut false this AcceptButton schedule_but else tabControl1 SelectTab Notification tab if tabControl1 SelectedTab tabControl1 TabPages Notification_tab this AcceptButton notification off switch but if ta
43. Dawe Drawer Daweg Demwerio Drewerll M Dawei M Drweri3 M Drawer 7 Drawer S Drawer lf Sect A Saturday March 03 2012 12 19 63 2 Then the list will show Viewing inventory 1 If the user wants to view the content of a drawer just go to to Inventory tab Off Switch Dawei Dawe 7 Dawes 7 Drawer M Dawes 7 Oawe7 M Drawer Dawes Dawei Drwerl Dawei 7 Drweri3 M Drewerld 7 Deawer 5 Drawerl amp Saturday March 03 2012 12 19 64 2 Select drawer number from the list box as shown in the picture xj Medicine Cabinet v1 0 Nocfication invertory 3 After selection of drawer number the contents will show at the right side of the active tab As you can see from the picture DRAWER 1 contains 0 zero medicine 2 Medicine Cabinet v1 0 Notficmion Schede Edt Schedsle Lat invertory History Maintenance User left click on DRAWER 2 list item in Me Cabinet v1 0 65 Viewing history 1 The application has the ability to log every notification in the Notification tab This can be seen at the History tab S Off Switch Dawei Dawe Drawer3 Dawes 7 Drawer M Dowes 7 Drawers Daweg Demweri0 Drewerll M Dawei Dmweri3 Dr
44. Kit Using RFID Published on June 2008 at Mapua Institute of Technology The main key in this design is by the use of radio frequency in alerting the patient once he or she is out of range which effectively reminds him or her to carry important medication before leaving home Difference Our design will be implemented to a hospital particularly at the medical ward unlike the said project above it is only for a single patient that is capable of operating the apparatus to take their medication on time It also uses RFID technology to remind the patient while in our design we will use microcontroller to control the LED to notify the nurse for patient s medication Medication Dispensing System including Medicine Cabinet and Tray therefore Inventors Haitin David and Asseo Gilead A medication dispensing system includes a medicine cabinet having a plurality of compartments for containing supplies of different kinds of medications to be accessed by a healthcare attendant for preparing individual medication dosages for named patients and a tray having a plurality of sections for receiving a plurality of receptacles each adapted to contain one or more medication dosages prescribed for a named patient The medicine cabinet includes processor having memory for storing the names of patients and their prescribed medication dosages and a display screen for displaying the patient names and their respective prescribed medication dosages The tray includes
45. L 1 t aS 1 1 Lex T PELLI i 5 L m m gt 95 Semiconduc LM78XX Series Voltage Regulators General Description The of thra terminal regdatom with amaral fed votas them uf ina wide rape of applications One of theme local on cari regd sion elim inaing damituton problems wth singe port The ow tham to used in sar herreria thon and other adii electronic equipment A thagh primary as od volte apana tham eie can be anma component to obtain mi LATIO avaliable in an 2 mck age which will allow ower 1 load coment adequate heat provided Curmet listing induded to int fa peak compet arran toa aie wakes ame protection for tha agas taredtor provided to int reana power dad paion f riara power daspadon bamme too high for the prodded the ahumiown decuit tales ovar the LC fore ovehaating Corutterait effort uus expanded dos tha 1 ae ree of modas wey to we and nimia te runter tor of etwa conmponant itis not macamay to type ba tie dos
46. PIC16F877A W HOLDER MAX232 BUZZER 5mm SUPER BRIGHT LED AC POWER ADAPTER PCB STRANDED WIRE 2 PINS TERMINAL BLOCK W106 BRIDGE DIODE 7805 VOLTAGE REGULATOR 16 MHz CRYSTAL HEAT SINK CROWN JACK SERIAL TO USB MALE DB9 RS232 FEMALE HEX INVERTER IC CUSTOMIZE WOODEN CABINET FIBER GLASS Price List UNIT PRICE 135 Letter of Intent Republic of the Philippines Department of Health TONDO MEDICAL CENTER Balut Tondo Manila Letter of Intent to Use April 24 2012 Prof Ayra Panganiban Faculty Department of Computer Engineering Mapua Institute of Technology Intramuros Manila Dear Prof Ayra Panganiban Our company TONDO MEDICAL CENTER with business address at Balut Tondo Manila through this letter is signifying its intention to use the solution being proposed by the Computer Engineering students Neil Carlo P Catalan Josiah David D Jose and Carla Louie H Leandicho of Mapua Institute of Technology At present the company is in need of a solution that will help our nurse s in monitoring the patient s time of intake of their medicine s The proposed solution entitled Solid Medicine Cabinet and Inventory System with Time Based Alarm and Light Emitting Diode LED Notifier was based on the aforementioned need presented to your students The company believes that the solution your students will provide will be of great help to our company s operation We are looking forward for your approval of the said solution
47. RB2_bit 0 j PORTB break case l PORTB j RB3_bit 1 j PORTB break case L PORTB j RB3_bit 0 j PORTB break case m PORTB RB4_bit 1 j PORTB break case M PORTB j RB4_bit 0 j PORTB break case n PORTB RB5_bit 1 j PORTB break case PORTB RB5_bit 0 j PORTB break case o PORTB j 103 RB6 bit 1 j PORTB break case O PORTB j RB6_bit 0 j PORTB break case p PORTB j RB7_bit 1 j PORTB break case P PORTB j RB7_bit 0 j PORTB break case q RE2_bit 1 break case Q RE2_bit 0 break default goto start Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 C Program Listing FORM1 using System using System Collections Generic using System ComponentModel using System Data using System Drawing using System Linq using System Text using System Windows Forms using System Data Sq Client using System IO Ports using System Threading using System Collections ObjectModel using System Diagnostics namespace WindowsFormsApplication8 public partial class Form1 Form string PORTNAME SerialPort GetPortNames string drw_no char READ DATA FROM MCU int PORTNAME INDEX 0 NOTIFY ARRAY INDEX 0 bool search DateTime sched time 104 Collection string notify array new Collection lt string gt Thread crossThread null deleg
48. SOLID MEDICINE CABINET AND INVENTORY SYSTEM WITH TIME BASED ALARM AND LIGHT EMITTING DIODE LED NOTIFIER by Catalan Neil Carlo P Jose Josiah David D Leandicho Carla Louie H A Design Report Submitted to the School of Electrical Engineering Electronics Engineering and Computer Engineering in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Mapua Institute of Technology February 2012 Approval Sheet Mapua Institute of Technology School of EECE This is to certify that I have supervised the preparation of and read the design report prepared by Catalan Neil Carlo P Jose Josiah David D Leandicho Carla Louie H entitled SOLID MEDICINE CABINET AND INVENTORY SYSTEM WITH TIME BASED ALARM AND LIGHT EMITTING DIODE LED NOTIFIER and that the said report has been submitted for final examination by the Oral Examination Committee ionis A Padilla Design Adviser As members of the Oral Examination Committee we certify that we have examined this design report presented before the committee on February 14 2012 and hereby recommended that it be accepted in fulfilment of the design requirements for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Ernesto M Vergara Jr Panel Member Lilibeth D Mendoza Chairman This design report is hereby approved and accepted by the School of Electrical Engineering Electronics Engineering and Computer Engineering in pa
49. Security True SglCommand command SglDataReader read try connection Open command new SqlCommand command Connection connection command CommandText string Format UPDATE dbo cabstorage SET patient 0 room_no 1 WHERE drawer noz 2 edit_patient_full_name Text edit room number Text drw no command ExecuteNonQuery command CommandText string Format UPDATE dbo cabstorage SET assigned total qtyz 1 qty intake 2 every other dayz 3 WHERE 124 drawer no 4 AND med 55 edit nurse full name Text edit total quantity Text edit quantity per intake Text edit every day Checked false T drw no edit medicine listBox SelectedItem ToString command ExecuteNonQuery command CommandText string Format SELECT FROM dbo cabstorage WHERE drawer no 0 AND med 1 drw no edit medicine listBox SelectedItem ToString command ExecuteNonQuery read command ExecuteReader while read Read access_id_retrieve Add read access_id ToString read Close connection Close edited number of intake int Parse edit number per intake Text edited starting time edit starting time Value ToString HH mm interval 24 int Parse edit number intake Text previous starting time edited starting time while edited number of intake gt 0 try connection Open command
50. Software Development Prototype Development Chapter 4 TESTING PRESENTATION amp INTERPRETATION OF DATA Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Conclusion Recommendation vi vii viii Im 44 44 45 References Appendices A Operation s Manual B Pictures of Prototype C Data Sheets D Program Listing E Price List F Letter of Intent G IEEE Format Article of the Design 47 48 48 77 82 101 135 136 137 LIST TABLES Table 4 1 Expected Action by the MCU with the corresponding input data Table 4 2 Test for LED Responses on their Respective Drawers Table 4 3 Test for Buzzer Response Table 4 4 Test Inputs for the Software Application Table 4 5 Test for LED Responses on their Respective Drawers with C code Table 4 6 Test for Buzzer Response with C code vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2 1 Programmed Medication Dispenser Figure 2 2 Side view of Programmed Medication Dispenser Figure 2 3 Cabinet for Dispensing Medicines at Predetermined Times Figure 2 3 General Circuit of the McLaughlin s Invention Figure 2 4 Perspective of the Portable Medicine Cabinet with Timer Figure 2 5 Front Side Elevation and Side View of Medicine Cabinet with Timer Figure 2 6 The Smart Medical Refrigerator Figure 2 7 Paper Prototype of a Human Centered Design of Medicine Dispenser Figure 3 1 Conceptual Framework Figure 3 2 Block Diagram of Solid Medicine Cabinet and Inventory System with
51. Trial 5 Drawers LED ON OFF ON OFF ON of Success 1 1 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 2 2 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 3 3 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 4 4 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 5 5 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 6 6 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 7 7 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 8 8 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 9 9 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 10 10 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 11 11 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 12 12 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 13 13 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 14 14 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 15 15 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 16 16 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 Table 4 3 Test for Buzzer Response Buizer Trial 1 Trial2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Trial5 e ON OFF ON OFF ON 9 o Alarm SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 The percentage of success was computed based on a formula that can be express as Total number of success trial T x 10096 3 1 Total number of trials performed As clearly seen in table 4 2 and 4 3 the medicine cabinet was successfully responsded to every data input But during the design process another problem arises which lead to the question about the response of the microcontroller unit to the command send by the C
52. ULE MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Question if result DialogResult Yes foreach Control item in Schedule_tab Controls if item GetType typeof GroupBox foreach Control in item Controls if item1 GetType typeof MaskedTextBox if item1 Name medicine name 1 else if string IsNullOrEmpty MaskedTextBox item1 Text continue result MessageBox Show One or more of the field is are empty SCHEDULE MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Error goto proceed else if item1 GetType typeof ComboBox if string IsNullOrEmpty ComboBox item1 Text result MessageBox Show One or more of the field is are empty SCHEDULE MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Error goto proceed 112 proceed if medicine_listBox SelectedItem null result MessageBox Show Please select medicine SCHEDULE MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Error SglConnection connection new SglConnection Q Data Source Initial Catalog C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL10_50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDF Integrated Security True SglCommand command SglDataReader read command new SglCommand command Connection connection connection Open ty string Format SELECT FROM dbo cabstorage WHERE drawer 0 drawer number comboBox Text command ExecuteNonQuery
53. ate void SetTextCallback private delegate void RefreshTabPageDelegate int tabPage public Form1 5 InitializeComponent private void Form1_Load object sender EventArgs e this logTableAdapter Fill this _C__PROGRAM_FILES_MICROSOFT_SQL_SERVER_MSSQL10_50_M SSQLSERVER_MSSQL_DATA_MEDCAB_MDFDataSet1 log this cabstorageTableAdapter Fill this C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL1 0 50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDFbDataSet cabstorage foreach string s in PORTNAME try 5 port PortName s port ReadTimeout 100 port Open port Write s READ DATA FROM MCU char port ReadChar read data from PIC16F877A then stored to buffer if READ DATA FROM MCU x 5 MessageBox Show You now use the application the medicine cabinet is connected to PORTNAME PORTNAME INDEX COM port MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Information port Close break catch Exception a port Close PORTNAME_INDEX if READ_DATA_FROM_MCU x DialogResult result MessageBox Show Cannot locate medicine cabinet it might be unplugged or the mcu is not properly reset upon closing press OK to exit COM port MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Exclamation if result DialogResult OK goto theEnd 105 SglConnection connection new SqiConnection Data Source Initial Catalog C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL10_50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MED
54. aying the patient names and their respective prescribed medication dosages The tray includes a display screen for displaying the patient names and their respective medication dosages and a communication link with the medicine cabinet through which the cabinet processor communicates to the tray the patient names and their respective medication dosages Some of the medicine cabinets have an alarm that will sound reminding the user when medicine shall be taken and making the correct dose available The advantages of this automated medication cabinets is that it will lower costs associated with pharmaceutical distribution monitors inventory further reduction of errors and relieving professional pharmacists and nursing personnel of many tasks B Customer Our target customer is Tondo Medical Center located at North Bay Boulevard Balut Tondo Manila It is a 200 bed capacity tertiary public medical center established in 1971 by virtue of Republic Act no 6375 It presently operates under the supervision and control of the Department of Health DOH Need 137 In a Philippine hospital usually a particular nurse is assigned at the nurse station in each ward where he she manually checks the schedule of patient s time for taking their medicines as ordered by a doctor and usually a group of patients is assigned to a nurse the reason for this is to cut the cost of expenditures for nurses This scenario is evident in government hospitals whic
55. bControl1 SelectedTab tabControl1 TabPages Edit_tab Form2 form2 new Form2 form2 ShowDialog if MgaVar okbut true MgaVar okbut false edit_drawer_listBox SelectedIndex 1 this AcceptButton edit_save_but else tabControl1 SelectTab Notification tab if tabControl1 SelectedTab tabControl1 TabPages Inventory_tab inventory_drawer_listBox SelectedIndex 1 if tabControl1 SelectedTab tabControl1 TabPages schedule list tab 5 cabstorageTableAdapter Fill C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL10 50 MS SQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDFbDataSet cabstorage schedule list dataGridView Refresh if tabControl1 SelectedTab tabControl1 TabPages Log tab i this AcceptButton print but logTableAdapter Fill C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER 550110 50 MSSQLSER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDFDataSet1 log 107 log dataGridView Refresh HEHEHHEHEHEHMAINTENANCE 3 3E 3E TEE TEE EET EE ERE HE ERE HERE EE EE ERE private void light test selectall checkBox CheckedChanged object sender EventArgs if tabControl1 SelectedTab tabControl1 TabPages Maintenance tab foreach CheckBox chkbox in light test groupBox Controls chkbox Checked light test selectall checkBox Checked if tabControl1 SelectedTab tabControl1 TabPages Notification_tab foreach CheckBox chkbox in notification off switch gruopBox Controls chk
56. box Checked notification selectall checkBox Checked private void light_test_on_but_Click object sender EventArgs e DialogResult result MessageBox Show Warning this action will turn on the selected LED s on the cabinet Do you want to continue Light Test MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Warning if result DialogResult Yes foreach CheckBox chkbox in light test groupBox Controls if chkbox Checked true 5 port Open switch chkbox Text 5 case Drawer1 port Write a break case Drawer2 port Write b break case Drawer3 port Write c break case Drawer4 port Write d break case Drawer5 port Write e break case Drawer6 port Write f break case Drawer7 port Write g break case Drawer8 port Write h break case Drawer9 port Write i break case Drawer10 port Write j break case 11 port Write k break case Drawer12 port Write l break case Drawer13 port Write m break case Drawer14 port Write n break case Drawer15 port Write o break 108 case Drawer16 port Write p break port Close private void light_test_off_but_Click object sender EventArgs e DialogResult result MessageBox Show Warning this action will turn off the selected LED s on the cabinet Do you want to continue Warning MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Warning
57. built from bipolar junction transistors BJT and resistors It is called transistor transistor logic because both the logic gating function e g AND and the amplifying function are performed by transistors contrast with RTL and DTL MAX232 integrated circuit that converts signals from an RS 232 serial port to signals suitable for use in TTL compatible digital logic circuits The MAX232 is a dual driver receiver and typically converts the RX TX CTS and RTS signals I2C pronounced I squared C created by Philips Semiconductors and commonly written as I2C stands for Inter Integrated Circuit and allows communication of data between I2C devices over two wires It sends information serially using one line for data SDA Serial Data Line and one for clock SCL Serial Clock line 10 LPT Line Print Terminal the original and still common name of the parallel port interface on IBM PC compatible computers It was designed to operate a text printer that used IBM s 8 bit extended ASCII character set 11 2 REVIEW RELATED DESIGN LITERATURES AND STUDIES Medicine Dispensers Programmed Medication Dispenser 1968 In the year 1968 John Glucksman s and Joseph R Kub s invention entitled Programmed Medication Dispenser see Figure 2 1 and 2 2 was patented The invention relates to a timed dispenser device for dispensing at pre selected time intervals any desired dosage such dispensing action being ac
58. complished by providing a delivery station communicable with and normally isolated from storage means for holding a plurality of doses and utilizing a timer to actuate control means which provide communication at selected intervals and sensing means responsive to the passage of a dose to the delivery station to deactivate the timer and thereupon to reactivate the timer when the dose is removed from the delivery station John Glucksman and Joseph R Kub 1968 The said invention aims to have four objectives one was to provide a timed dispensing apparatus for medications or the like Second was to create of an automatic device in which can be loaded and if in loaded condition will positively prevent access to the contents Third was to create a device that has sensor for detecting the delivery of a dosage to the delivery station the sensor deactivate the timer device if there is a dosage and hence prevent the deposit of 12 a further dose unless the prior dose has been physically removed from the dispensing station And lastly was to create a device that readily set up to deliver dosages at selected intervals the timer mechanism for varying the dispensing intervals must be flexible so that the dosage schedule may be easily varied even by an unskilled operator Figure 2 1 Programmed Medication Dispenser Source John Glucksman and Joseph R Kub 1968 13 Figure 2 2 Side view of Programmed Medication Dispenser So
59. contain one or more medication dosages prescribed for a named patient The medicine cabinet includes a processor having a memory for storing the names of patients and their prescribed medication dosages and a display screen for displaying the patient names and their respective prescribed medication dosages The tray includes a display screen for displaying the patient names and their respective medication dosages and a communication link with the medicine cabinet through which the cabinet processor communicates to the tray the patient names and their respective medication dosages Difference Our design project can differentiated from the said invention which requires a construction of cabinet processor while our design does not need it In our design solution we will not include tray with multiple compartments unlike the design mention above Our design solution will use a computer for its inventory of medicine while the design mention above will use a processor having a memory for storing the names of patients and their prescribed medication dosages So with the manufacturability of our design much more simple than one mentioned above 4 Cabinet for Dispensing Medicines at Predetermined Times Invented by McLaughlinJohn T cabinet containing individual compartments each with an individual time lock for holding various doses of prescribed medicines respectively is positioned adjacent a given patient s bed The individual time locks
60. d Parameters AddWithValue Q time intake1 DateTime Parse retrieve time intake i ToString HH mm command Parameters AddWithValue date of 1 DateTime Parse retrieve date of intake i ToString yyyy MMM dd command ExecuteNonQuery command CommandText INSERT INTO dbo log drawer no patient name assigned nurse med name qty intake time intake room no date of intake date of schedule VALUES Q drawer noil Q patient 11 Q assigned 11 9 med 11 Q qty per 11 Q time 11 Q room 11 Q date of intake11 date of schedule11 command Parameters AddWithValue Q drawer no11 int Parse retrieve drawer no i command Parameters AddWithValue Q patient name11 retrieve patient name i command Parameters AddWithValue Q assigned nurse11 retrieve assigned nurse i command Parameters AddWithValue _room_no11 int Parse retrieve room no i command Parameters AddWithValue med 11 retrieve med name i command Parameters AddWithValue Q qty intake11 int Parse retrieve qty per intake i command Parameters AddWithValue time intake11 DateTime Parse retrieve time intake i ToString HH mm command Parameters AddWithValue date of intake11 DateTime Parse retrieve date of intake i ToString yyyy MMM dd command Parameters AddWithValue Q date of schedule11 DateTime Parse retrieve date of schedule i ToSt
61. dd read assigned nurse ToString retrieve room no Add read room no ToString retrieve med name Add read med name ToString retrieve qty intake Add read qty per intake ToString retrieve time intake Add DateTime Parse read time intake ToString ToString HH mm retrieve date of schedule Add DateTime Parse read date of schedule ToString ToString y yyy MMM dd retrieve total qty Add read total qty ToString 2 read Close connection Close while c1 0 118 connection Open command new SqlCommand command Connection connection command CommandText INSERT INTO dbo notify drawer no patient name assigned nurse med name qty intake time intake room no date of intake VALUES Q drawer nol patient 1 Q assigned med 1 9 qty per 1 time intakel room noi date of intake1 command Parameters AddWithValue 9 drawer no1 int Parse retrieve drawer no i command Parameters AddWithValue patient 1 retrieve patient name i command Parameters AddWithValue Q assigned nurse1 retrieve assigned nurse i command Parameters AddWithValue room 1 int Parse retrieve room no i command Parameters AddWithValue med 1 retrieve med name i command Parameters AddWithValue Q qty intake1 int Parse retrieve qty per intake i comman
62. dd_medicine_but_Click object sender EventArgs e 114 DialogResult result MessageBox Show Are you sure you want to do this ADD MEDICINE MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Question if result DialogResult Yes if Istring IsNullOrEmpty medicine name Text SglConnection connection new SqiConnection Data Source Initial Catalog C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL10_50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDF Integrated Security True SglCommand command SqlDataReader read try connection Open command new SqlCommand command Connection connection command CommandText INSERT INTO dbo medicine med_name VALUES _med_name command Parameters AddWithValue _med_name medicine name Text ToUpper Trim command ExecuteNonQuery command CommandText SELECT FROM dbo medicine ORDER BY med name ASC command ExecuteNonQuery read command ExecuteReader medicine listBox Items Clear while read Read medicine listBox Items Add read med name ToString read Close connection Close catch 5 MessageBox Show Medicine name already exists ADD MEDICINE MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Exclamation else MessageBox Show Please enter a medicine name ADD MEDICINE MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Exclamation private void delete_medicine_but_Click object sender EventArgs e DialogResult result MessageBox Show Are you
63. derstanding of patient s medicine taking patterns Below is the figure of the medicine management system that includes a medicine dispenser and a web portal 22 L Figure 2 7 Paper Prototype of a Human Centered Design of Medicine Dispenser Source Min Hui Foo Jit Chee Chua Jamie Ng 2011 Microcontroller Unit In the article of Wolfgang Abele and Markus Hofmann Driving LEDS with a PIC Microcontroller different applications were tried that can be tested to a LED using a PIC Microcontroller One of the tests that they conducted is the failure recognition First is that they explained the different parts of the microcontroller It stated that the pins of the microcontroller can be configured as analog input The analog voltages can be converted to digital values by means of an A D module The signal to be converted is chosen by software and 23 forwarded to the A D module This module requires reference voltage voltage can either be applied externally at an input pin or internally via so called voltage reference module In the latter case the supply voltage to the PIC must be kept constant by means of a voltage regulator For the programming part of the PIC microcontroller software is used for creating assembler programs which are downloaded and executed in the microcontroller The use of C compiler is recommended to easily manage and permit changes to readily make In this article they used a matrix connection with
64. e Hofman Driving LEDs with Microcontroller 2003 6 R Kittredge Concepts for Transmitting Data from a PC to a Microcontroller 2003 Summarizing Data Precision of 141 7 P Kuwik L Thomas M York D Crump D Livingston and J Squire The Smart Medical Refrigerator 2005 8 M Foo J Chua J Ng Enhancing Medicine Adherence through Multifaceted Personalized Medicine Management 2011 142
65. e arrows stand for data that enter a process or an output of a process Figure 3 5 depicts the data flow for scheduling a patient s time for taking of his her medicine s Initially the user will enter the drawer number name of patient assigned doctor and the medicine together with the medicine s quantity and time of intake of medicine Next at process number 2 it will add the current date to the patient s partial details which will become an entry on the database table cabstorage dbo If the current time is equal to the scheduled time the application system will get the patient s full details and store to table notify dbo 34 and log dbo see process number 3 The log dbo database table will serve as a record for all the previous notifications while the notify dbo database table will serve as container for all the notifications that must be displayed for the user see process number 4 and 5 Lastly the cabstorage dbo database table must be updated the updating process include the subtraction to the total quantity and changing the date for the next medicine intake see process number 6 1 Drawer number Get drawer Drawer number 2 number Look for Drawer number drawer number USER Medicine name wmm p Medicine name Add Total quanti Figure 3 6 Data Flow Diagram for Inventory Info Figure 3 6 depicts the Data flow for inventory process So f
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68. ert F F Drswer3 Oswes V DeswerS V Drawer VI Drawer 9 F Drawer V V 12 V F 4 V Oases Drewes 3 Again a message box will appear to verify the user action Click Yes to proceed otherwise click No 2 Medicine Cabinet v1 0 Noeficaten Schede Edt Schedule inventory History Maintenance Dxwer2 V Dewe Dawes Dawet 7 Ower V Drawer F Drawer F DrewerlO V Dewert Demweri2 V Oewer 4 Drawerl5 F Drewerl 1 Select ot Light Tezt Warning this action will tum on the selected LED s the cabinet Dc you want to continue 68 4 To test the buzzer just click On as shown in the picture if the user wants to turn off the buzzer click Off Light Test Drawer F Drewes V F Vi F Drews Drawer Drawer Drawer Drawerd Orawerts Drawer Bsn Cm User left Cabinet v Light Test V Drawer 7 2 F Dewes Dawes OreweS V 7 Dewes V Omes 0 7 Drawerl Draweri2 Dawet 4 Drawer Dreweris Al an Off User left click on Yes push button in Buzzer Test you went
69. es as the basis for determining if a data sent was successfully interpreted by the microcontroller Table 4 1 Expected Action by the MCU with the corresponding input data STATE OF THE AFFECTED COMPONENT DATA INPUT COMPONENT OUTPUT LED 1 a ON LED 2 b ON LED 3 ON LED 4 d ON LED 5 e ON LED 6 f ON LED 7 g ON LED 8 h ON LED 9 i ON LED 10 j ON LED 11 k ON 39 Table 4 1 Expected Action by the MCU with the corresponding input data Continuation STATE OF THE AFFECTED COMPONENT DATA INPUT COMPONENT OUTPUT LED 12 ON LED 13 m ON LED 14 n ON LED 15 ON LED 16 p ON ALARM q ON LED 1 A OFF LED 2 B OFF LED 3 C OFF LED 4 D OFF LED 5 E OFF LED 6 F OFF LED 7 G OFF LED 8 H OFF LED 9 I OFF LED 10 J OFF LED 11 K OFF LED 12 L OFF LED 13 M OFF LED 14 N OFF LED 15 O OFF LED 16 P OFF ALARM Q OFF Table 4 2 and 4 3 show the collected data in testing the functionality of the LED and the buzzer of the created prototype using the UART terminal in Mikro C The test ensures that the researchers are successful in creating the hardware component of the design solution that has a light signal on each drawer and an alarm With that the researchers assumed that every command signal that was sending though serial communication has a corresponding action by the microcontroller unit 40 Table 4 2 Test for LED Responses on their Respective Drawers A r Percentage Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4
70. h lead to an error on the part of the nurses The assigned nurse is the one who is responsible for preparing the medicine requirement of all the patients he she handles in a ward for example a medical ward Also the assigned nurse checks the stocks of medicines in the cabinet With this situation a need for a cabinet for solid medicines with time based notifier is required so that the assigned nurse will not be confused on what slot in the medicine cabinet he she will open If the time comes for taking a medicine the door of the cabinet will have an LED indicator then an inventory application in a computer will check what solid medicines has to be taken out by the assigned nurse and it will check how much medicine is available thus simplifying the work of the assigned nurse C Solution With the presented problem the designers came with a solution to design a solid medicine cabinet and inventory system with time based alarm and light emitting diode LED notifier First it will implement an application for inventory system that will monitor what medicine should be taken out and check the quantity of available medicine lastly is to notify nurses on the schedule of patients on his her medicine intake using an alarm and LED as light signals on each slot in the cabinet The medicine box or shelf which will be comprised of 16 drawers with 16 LEDs beside each drawer particularly at the right position eadh drawer has 2 x 4 74 x 1
71. her_day _total_qty _date_of_intake command Parameters AddWithValue _drawer_no int Parse drawer_number_comboBox Text command Parameters AddWithValue _patient_name string Format 0 1 2 lastname patient Text Trim firstname patient Text Trim middle patient Text Trim command Parameters AddWithValue assigned nurse string Format 0 1 2 lastname nurse Text Trim firstname nurse Text Trim middle nurse Text Trim command Parameters AddWithValue room no int Parse room no Text command Parameters AddWithValue med name medicine listBox SelectedItem ToString command Parameters AddWithValue Q total qty int Parse medicine total qty Text command Parameters AddWithValue Q qty intake int Parse medicine qty per intake Text command Parameters AddWithValue Q time intake sched time command Parameters AddWithValue date of schedule DateTime Parse Convert ToString DateTime Now Date Substring 0 9 command Parameters AddWithValue _date_of_intake DateTime Parse Convert ToString DateTime Now Date Substring 0 9 command Parameters AddWithValue _every_other_day medicine every day radioButton Checked false T command ExecuteNonQuery connection Close sched time sched time AddHours time interval in hours a day in hours time interval in hours a day in hours 24 proceed1 connection Close private void a
72. icine name from the list box then click Delete 3 Medicine Cabinet vio E Quantty Por intake Number of itake Day Intake Per Vie Satng Time Every Day 0746 Every Other Day 07 53 PM Tuesday March 06 2012 54 5 Type the schedule for the selected medicine Then click Schedule Notficator Schedule Eat Schede list Invertory _ Patients information Last Name Guartty Par intake Number of Intake Intake Per Wosk Tims Every Dey 0746PM H 7 Every Other 07 54 PM Tuesday March 06 2012 l Clear 6 A message box will appear to verify the user action Click Yes to proceed otherwise click No Tuesday March 06 2012 em 1 55 Editing a patient s entry 1 To edit a patient s entry go to Edit tab 3 Medicine Cabinet v1 0 Off Switch Drawer V Drawer Dawes M Drawer Dawes 7 Dawe P Daweg Dawei Drawerl M Dawei Drweri3 M Drawerl Dewert5 E Select Al Saturday March 03 2012 12 17 AM 2 This action requires a password Enter initial password neil The user can change the initial password later Off Switch Dawel 2 Drewer3 Fomotien your password Da
73. if result DialogResult Yes if tabControl1 SelectedTab tabControl1 TabPages Maintenance tab foreach CheckBox chkbox in light test groupBox Controls if chkbox Checked port Open true switch chkbox Text case Drawer1 case Drawer2 case Drawer3 case Drawer4 case Drawer5 case Drawer6 case Drawer7 case Drawer8 case Drawer9 case Drawer10 case Drawer11 case Drawer12 case Drawer13 port Close if tabControli SelectedTab port Write A break port Write B break port Write C break port Write D break port Write E break port Write F break port Write G break port Write H break port Write I break port Write J break port Write K break port Write L break port Write M break case Drawer14 case Drawer15 case Drawer16 port Write N break port Write O break port Write P break tabControl1 TabPages Notification tab foreach CheckBox chkbox in notification off switch gruopBox Controls if chkbox Checked 5 port Open true 109 switch chkbox Text case port Write A break case Drawer2 port Write B break case Drawer3 port Write C break case Drawer4 port Write D break case Drawer5 port Write E break case Drawer6 port Write F break case Dra
74. ight is attach to the port D of PIC16F877A while LED number nine to sixteen is attach to port B of the said MCU Each LED has 470 Ohms resistor in series to them for the protection of each LEDs The buzzer is attached directly to port E pin number 2 of the said MCU Since the said model of PIC doesnt have internal clock the designer provide one using 16MHz crystal together with the two bypass capacitor The designer adapted the setup of this external clock to other existing circuits because this is the common setup for an 30 external clock with this kind of MCU For serial communication the designer used MAX232 which converts signals from an RS 232 serial port to signals suitable for use in TTL compatible digital logic circuits Lastly the designer placed an inverter to the DTR pin of the DB9 male in which the inverted signal is then attach to the MCLR pin of the said MCU this causes to reset the PIC16F877A if the DTR pin changes from low to high The designers do this to have a software reset because in C DTR pin of RS 232 serial port can be altered programmatically Software Development This section provides the overview of the steps that the designers undergo in developing the software of the said design Software Development discusses the program flow and the data flow of the said design Major compositions of this design are discussed in terms of flow chart and data flow diagram to see how the software handles the data and to see wha
75. ill the return of investment is not yet considered In terms of manufacturability the solution may require a custom built cabinet for medicine and the electronic parts which may lead to larger cost compare with an ordinary cabinet lastly a computer is needed for the design solution to work In terms of capability the medicine cabinet is only intended to store solid medicines for oral medication The computer is not capable of accessing other medicine cabinet Thus it will provide monitoring on one cabinet only In terms of sustainability the medicine cabinet will use a regular adapter that is plug in to a regular outlet so sustainability in power source is not yet considered In addition the medicine cabinet is interfaced with the computer with database which requires maintenance by an expert In terms of software application the solution will require initial inputs on the stocks of medicine patient s name name of the doctor time of intake slot number on the cabinet the name of medicine and etc Next only the authorized person can assign the schedule for each nurse on the computer Third the connection between the cabinet and computer is not wireless Fourth the software application will use the system clock of the computer And lastly the software will not recognize if the nurse has taken out the exact quantity of medicine the quantity of medicine could be more than or less than the required number of medicine In terms
76. ine cabinet Inventory system I INTRODUCTION A Overview Hospitals are one of the facilities that are used by people to give them medical surgical or psychiatric treatment and nursing care It is important to ensure the safety and security of its patients by giving them right medication healthy food clean environment By considering safety and security the patient will gain trust to the service of the hospital Nurses are of big help in a hospital because they are assigned at the nurse station in each ward where they manually check the schedule of patient s time for taking their medicines as ordered by a doctor The common problems that the nurses commit include having trouble with the patients schedule and what medicines they need to deliver to their patients It is critical for the nurses to give the right medicine at its scheduled time of medication to ensure the patient s safety and health Nowadays hospitals using different technologies in medication to ensure the safety of its patient Before hospitals are using medicine cabinet that has compartments for containing supplies of different kinds of medications to be accessed by a healthcare attendant for preparing individual medication dosages for named patients With the use of technology some of the medicine cabinets include a processor having a memory for storing the names of patients and their prescribed medication dosages and a display screen for displ
77. inet through which the cabinet processor communicates to the tray the patient names and their respective medication dosages Some of the medicine cabinets have an alarm that will sound reminding the user when medicine shall be taken and making the correct dose available The advantages of this automated medication cabinets is that it will lower costs associated with pharmaceutical distribution monitors inventory further reduction of errors and relieving professional pharmacists and nursing personnel of many tasks Customer Our target customer is Tondo Medical Center located at North Bay Boulevard Balut Tondo Manila It is a 200 bed capacity tertiary public medical center established 1971 by virtue of Republic Act no 6375 It presently operates under the supervision and control of the Department of Health DOH Need In a Philippine hospital usually a particular nurse is assigned at the nurse station in each ward where he she manually checks the schedule of patient s time for taking their medicines as ordered by a doctor and usually a group of patients is assigned to a nurse the reason for this is to cut the cost of expenditures for nurses This scenario is evident in government hospitals which lead to an error on the part of the nurses The assigned nurse is the one who is responsible for preparing the medicine requirement of all the patients he she handles in a ward for example a medical ward Also the assigned nurse checks the st
78. irst the user must select a drawer number see process number 1 after that the software application will get the drawer number assigned and search all the scheduled entry on the said drawer and compare if the drawer number is equal to the drawer number chosen by the user in cabstorage dbo database table After that process number 3 will get the necessary details for getting the total number of medicines in the chosen drawer number Lastly process 4 will relay all the content details of the chosen drawer number to the user 35 START 3 Initialize PIC16F877A NO Is data received YES Is data s YES Is data received YES Is data YES Light on LED1 Light on LED2 YES Alarm on Is data Y d NS Figure 3 7 Program Flow for PIC16F877A 36 Is data A uw NO Is data B e NO e Is data C Is data Q Is power off YES Light off LED1 YES Light off LED2 YES Light off LED3 YES Alarm off NO Figure 3 7 shows how the PIC16F877A program flows First PIC16F877A will initialize the ports assigned for each LEDs and Buzzer PIC16F877A will wait for the character letter s the sending of this letter serve as a triggering event for the PIC16F877A to
79. lar edit number intake SelectedIndex numberofintake 1 string Format SELECT FROM dbo cabstorage WHERE drawer no 0 AND med_name 1 drw no edit medicine listBox SelectedItem ToString command ExecuteNonQuery read command ExecuteReader read Read edit starting time Value DateTime Parse read time intake ToString edit total quantity Text read total qty ToString edit quantity per intake Text read qty per intake ToString if read every other day ToString edit every day Checked true else edit every other day Checked true read Close connection Close private void edit_save_but_Click object sender EventArgs e DialogResult result MessageBox Show This action will affect a schedule of a medicine for the patient assigned for this drawer Do you want to continue SAVE MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Warning if result DialogResult Yes int kk 0 interval edited_number_of_intake Collection lt string gt access_id_retrieve new Collection lt string gt date_intake_retrieve new Collection lt string gt date_scheduled_retrieve new Collection lt string gt string edited_starting_time previous_starting_time SglConnection connection new SqilConnection Data Source Initial Catalog C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL10_50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDF Integrated
80. le 4 5 Test for LED Responses on their Respective Drawers with C code Percentage Drawers LED Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 of Success 90 1 1 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 2 2 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 3 3 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 4 4 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 5 5 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 6 6 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 7 7 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 8 8 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 9 9 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 10 10 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 11 11 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 12 12 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 13 13 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 14 14 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 15 15 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 16 16 SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 Table 4 6 Test for Buzzer Response with C code Percentage Buzzer Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 of Success Alarm SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS SUCCESS 100 Table 4 5 and 4 6 show the response of the light signal and the alarm with the test inputs of the software application it clearly shows that the solution responded to a particular scheduled time Again the percentage of success was measured using equation 3 1 43 Chapter 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION This chapter states the conclusion of the design and the recommendation by the designers for the design s further improvements Conclusion The design Solid Medicine Cabinet and Inventory S
81. ll turn off the selected LED s on the cabinet Do you went Lo continuer Saturday March 03 2012 12 16 AM 52 Scheduling 1 To schedule a medication for a patient go to Schedule tab A password is required for this action Medicine Cabinet v1 0 Fomolien your password Off Switch E Drawer Drawer Drawer eit 14 E Daens 1 6 E Saturday March 03 2012 12 13 AM 2 Enter the initial password neil The user can change the password later 3 Medicine Cabinet v10 x Notiicaion Schedule Schede List Invertory History Mertenence Gear Off Switch Mi Dreri Doser Dowe Daweg Drower3 DrswerlO Deaweell Drswer12 Onrwer 13 Drswer 4 DrewerlS 1 Drswer16 Select Current Date Time Saturday March 03 2012 12 13 AM 53 3 Type the necessary information in the form 3 Medicine Cabinet vio Ed Schedule Schedule Ust Invertory Hator Mertenence Patient s information Last Name Par intake Number of make Per Day intake Weak S amp atng Time Every Dy 0746PM Every Other 07 53 PM Tuesday March 06 2012 4 Select a medicine from the list box as seen in the picture The user can add medicine by typing the name at the Medicine Name then click Add The user can also delete a medicine from the list just select first a med
82. m provides an organize way to remind an individual in the hospital for the patient s scheduled medication The proposed system also keeps track of the medicines that are being stored and taken out to the patient s assign drawer with the use of the inventory software 2 A Medicine Box Prompter Kit Using RFID Published on June 2008 at Map a Institute of Technology 138 The main key this design is by the use of radio frequency in alerting the patient once he or she is out of range which effectively reminds him or her to carry important medication before leaving home Difference Our design will be implemented to a hospital particularly at the medical ward unlike the said project above it is only for a single patient that is capable of operating the apparatus to take their medication on time It also uses RFID technology to remind the patient while in our design we will use microcontroller to control the LED to notify the nurse for patient s medication 3 Medication Dispensing System including Medicine Cabinet and Tray therefore Invented by Haitin David and Asseo Gilead A medication dispensing system includes a medicine cabinet having a plurality of compartments for containing supplies of different kinds of medications to be accessed by healthcare attendant for preparing individual medication dosages for named patients and a tray having a plurality of sections for receiving a plurality of receptacles each adapted to
83. med name ASC drw no2 command ExecuteNonQuery read command ExecuteReader 128 while read Read 1 if previous read med name ToString continue contents AppendText n read med name ToString read total qty ToString n total int Parse read total qty ToString previous read med name ToString read Close connection Close contents AppendText string Format nTOTAL 0 total E3ERETERERE ERE ES INVENTORY TAB END 4 4 4 4 4 4 FHEHHEHEHEEHE private void exitToolStripMenuItem1 Click object sender EventArgs Close private void aboutToolStripMenuItem1 Click object sender EventArgs e Form3 form3 new Form3 form3 Show public class MgaVar private static bool OkBut public static bool okbut get return OkBut set OkBut value FORM2 using System using System Collections Generic using System ComponentModel using System Data using System Drawing using System Ling using System Text using System Windows Forms using System IO 129 namespace WindowsFormsApplication8 public partial class Form2 Form string old password newpassword recovery activeDir newPath public Form2 InitializeComponent private void Form2_Load object sender EventArgs e This segment creates c NpasswordVold password if it does not exists activeDir c password
84. nd to the microcontroller which serve as a middle device as well The computer also monitors the schedule of the patient s which helps the nurses to their tasks The computer will also have inventory software that will monitor the quantity of the medicines of the patients The microcontroller will serve as the driver for the buzzer and the sixteen LEDs The researchers constructed a block diagram that illustrates the flow of data in the design of the system which is shown in Figure 3 2 28 LED LIGHT EMITTING DIODE AND BUZZER Figure 3 2 Block Diagram of Solid Medicine Cabinet and Inventory System with Time Based Alarm and Light Emitting Diode LED Notifier Figure 3 2 shows the block diagram of the solution it clearly shows that a computer with the software application is interfaced to the MCU in this case the designers used PIC16F877A The computer and the MCU communicate with each other using serial communication the designers used the USB to RS232 converter cable for laptops and netbooks to provide serial connection since most of the laptops netbooks don t have serial port 29 The buzzer and the 16 LEDs interfaced to the output ports of the MCU The communication between the computer and the MCU can be tested using a terminal or programmatically to PC R17 7 Figure 3 3 Schematic Diagram Figure 3 3 shows the Schematic diagram for the said solution LED number one to e
85. nected to the time computer which indicates the predetermined time intervals for the medicines should be removed from its respective compartment Thurmond Hicks and Brenda Hicks stated in their paper in the year 1981 that many individuals during that year are taking several prescription drugs the same period of time and it is believed that a problem exists in keeping track of the predetermined times for taking a dose of the respective medicines in which we can say that is still evident even today In fact according to American Pharmacists Association AphA through the report of Institute of Medicine report in 2006 that 4 of 5 adults take Rx OTC or dietary supplement every week 33 17 take 5 or more medications weekly 1 5 million injured by medication errors and lastly medication errors cost 3 5 billion Therefore it can be understood that an object of the invention is for the inventors to provide a portable medicine cabinet with a timer which may be used by individuals who are taking several medicines at one time and desires aid in keeping track of the time that a dose of each medicine should be taken Below are the drawings of the said invention Figure 2 4 Perspective of the Portable Medicine Cabinet with Timer Source Hicks T A and Hicks B G 1981 18 Figure 2 5 Front Side Elevation and Side View of Medicine Cabinet with Timer Source Hicks T A and Hicks B G 1981 Figure 2 4 is a perspective of
86. nnot change it anymore PASSWORD MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Information else x MessageBox Show Please verify your password PASSWORD MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Exclamation new_password ResetText password ResetText retype_password ResetText private void back_but_Click object sender EventArgs e new_password ResetText password ResetText retype_password ResetText labeli Text Password label2 Visible false label3 Visible false new password Visible false retype password Visible false back but Visible false buttoni Text OK change_password Enabled true forgot_password Enabled true private void forgot_password_LinkClicked object sender LinkLabelLinkClickedEventArgs e new_password ResetText 132 password ResetText retype password ResetText activeDir c password Specify a currently active folder This segment creates c password recovery_password if it does not exists if Directory Exists activeDir x activeDir c Combine the active directory to the new subfolder newPath Path Combine activeDir password Create the subfolder Directory CreateDirectory newPath Combine the file name with the path newPath Path Combine newPath recovery if File Exists newPath label1 Text Recovery Password button1 Text SET label3 Visible true retype_password Vi
87. ocks of medicines in the cabinet With this situation a need for a cabinet for solid medicines with time based notifier is required so that the assigned nurse will not be confused on what slot in the medicine cabinet he she will open If the time comes for taking a medicine the door of the cabinet will have an LED indicator then an inventory application in a computer will check what solid medicines has to be taken out by the assigned nurse and it will check how much medicine is available thus simplifying the work of the assigned nurse Solution With the presented problem the designers came with a solution to design a solid medicine cabinet and inventory system with time based alarm and light emitting diode LED notifier First it will implement an application for inventory system that will monitor what medicine should be taken out and check the quantity of available medicine And lastly is to notify nurses on the schedule of patients on his her medicine intake using an alarm and LED as light signals on each slot in the cabinet The medicine box or shelf which will be comprised of 16 drawers with 16 LEDs beside each drawer particularly at the right position each drawer has 2 4 34 x 1 14 dimensions Constraints The constraint s of the solution in terms of economics is first the solution requires a good budget in order to install in a particular hospital The designers of the solution want to have a plan for actual implementation but st
88. of security the hardware and software application provide a low level of security Because the designers believe that security is another scope of the design futher studies on it will not be included with the scope of this solution due to time constraints Impact The impact of the design in terms of meeting desired needs to health and safety is that the design will help the nurses to provide the medication for the patient in proper time and they will not be confused because the design will provide light on LEDs on the slots intended for those patients that are scheduled to intake their medicine in the cabinet Differentiation Manual method Almost all hospitals in the Philippines uses a manual method for keeping medicines and sometimes this method brings a possible cause of accident like for example a nurse which gave wrong medicine to a patient Difference Our design proposal lessens the possibility mentioned above by including a light signal there will be a slot on the medicine cabinet for the LEDs When the medicine needed is inside the drawer the assigned LED for the said drawer will light up otherwise it will not Moreover the proposed system provides an organize way to remind an individual the hospital for the patient s scheduled medication The proposed system also keeps track of the medicines that are being stored and taken out to the patient s assign drawer with the use of the inventory software A Medicine Box Prompter
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90. program With this question the designers choose test inputs for the 41 application software Since the main function of this solution is to schedule a patient s time of intake the designers constructed table 4 4 Table 4 4 Test Inputs for the Software Application Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Trial 4 Software 12 am 7 30 am 12 pm 7 30 pm Application Inputs Table 4 4 represents the test inputs for the software application The time in trial 1 and trial 3 are the two extreme input values because the software application converts the time input from 12 hour format to 24 hour format in converting a time from 12 hour to 24 hour format it is known that adding 12 to the hour part of time is necessary for those time after noon and those time before noon remain the same But if the time is 12 pm it should remain the same and if the time is 12 am the hour part must be subtracted to 12 because of this diffirent process in converting 12 am and 12 pm time the designers considered these times as the two extreme values Now to represent a time between those extreme values the designer chose the time in trial 2 and trial 4 The said table is necessary so that the designers would not take every time in the clock this table serve as a representative time inputs to the software application Table 4 5 and 4 6 show the collected data in testing the functionality of the LED and the buzzer of the created prototype using the trials in table 4 4 42 Tab
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92. rawer 1 The user can remove the assigned patient to a drawer this can be done by clicking the Deallocate button Just be careful with this action because this will remove all the information in a drawer Schedule Lid Hisiory Maintenance Patient s information Doctor s information Last Name First Name Midde Name Room Number Last Name Fret Name Midde Name Total Quentty Quertty Per intake 0746 2 Number of intake Dey itake Per Week Every Day Every Other Patient s Information Doctor s information NON gt Last Nome Frat Name Name Last Fest Name Middie Name DRAWER 3 DRAWER 4 DRAWER 5 DRAWER 6 DRAWER 7 DRAWER 8 DRAWER 9 DRAWER 10 DRAWER 11 DRAWER 12 Number of rake Per Day take Per Week DRAWER 13 DRAWER 14 DRAWER 15 DRAWER 16 Tota Quanity Guantity Par Intake 62 3 A message box will show this will verify the user action Click Yes to proceed otherwise click No Doctor s information lat Flare ide o This action will deallocate medicine s for this drawer Do you want to DRAWER DRAWER 15 DRAWER 16 Viewing schedule list 1 If the user wants to view the schedule list just go to Schedule List tab Off Switch Dawei Dawe Drawer M Drawer Dewe5 Dewes
93. read command ExecuteReader while read Read if read patient_name ToString ToUpper string Format 0 1 2 lastname_patient Text Trim firstname_patient Text Trim middle patient Text Trim ToUpper MessageBox Show The drawer number you have selected is occupied by another patient Please select another drawer number SCHEDULE MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Error read Close goto proceed1 if read med name ToString medicine listBox SelectedItem ToString MessageBox Show The medicine name was already assigned to this patient Please select another medicine SCHEDULE MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Error read Close goto 1 read Close connection Close catch goto proceed1 113 if result DialogResult OK 5 time interval in hours day in hours int Parse no of intake per day comboBox Text sched time DateTime Parse starting time medicine Value ToString HH mm while day in hours 0 5 command new SqlCommand command Connection connection connection Open command CommandText INSERT INTO cabstorage drawer_no patient_name assigned_nurse med_name qty_per_intake time_intake date_of_schedule room_no every_other_day total_qty date_of_intake VALUES _drawer_no _patient_name _assigned_nurse _med_name _qty_per_intake _time_intake _date_of_schedule _room_no _every_ot
94. ring yyyy MMM dd command ExecuteNonQuery connection Close cl 119 if i gt 0 connection Open command new SglCommand command Connection connection notify_array Clear this crossThread new Thread new ThreadStart this ClearNotification this crossThread Start command CommandText SELECT FROM dbo notify command ExecuteNonQuery read command ExecuteReader while read Read notify_array Add DRAWER read drawer_no ToString read patient name ToString MEDICATION read med_name ToString read qty_per_intake ToString pc pcs ASSIGNED TO read assigned nurse ToString TIME read time_intake ToString Substring 0 5 DATE read date of intake ToString Substring 0 9 read Close command CommandText SELECT COUNT notify_id FROM dbo notify NOTIFY_ARRAY_INDEX Int32 command ExecuteScalar this crossThread new Thread new ThreadStart this ShowNotificationTab this crossThread Start i 0 while c2 gt 0 port Open switch retrieve drawer no i case 1 port Write a break case 2 port Write b break case 3 port Write c break case 4 port Write d break case 5 port Write e break case 6 port Write f break case 7 port Write g break case 8 port Write h break case 9 port Write i
95. roblem that affects not only patients but also the healthcare industry Min Hui Foo Jit Chee Chua Jamie Ng 2011 The paper 21 presents a brief overview the severity of medicine non adherence especially to elderly patients of chronic conditions and the reason behind the phenomenon With that the research focuses on the development of a medicine management system in the form of medicine dispenser and a web portal which attempts to bring under a single platform to many sided approach to address medicine adherence and the benefits that ensue The medicine dispenser stores pills which reminds patient when it is time for medication and dispenses the right dosage to the patient The web portal receives and stores medication data from the medicine dispenser The automatic reminders and correct dispensing of dosage by the medicine dispenser serve to increase the patient s confidence in his or her ability to follow the medication regimen Both the medicine dispenser and web portal would incorporate the function of providing medicine information thus educating the patient to better understand their condition and drug therapy With better knowledge about his or her condition and the intended effects of the medications intentional non adherence and denial of their condition can be subverted It also enables both healthcare professional and patient to access the patient s medicine intake history which provides both party with insights and better un
96. rth the software application will use the system clock of the computer lastly the software will not recognize if the nurse has taken out the exact quantity of medicine the quantity of medicine could be more than or less than the required number of medicine In terms of security the hardware and software application provide a low level of security Because the designers believe that security is another scope of the design futher studies on it will not be included with the scope of this solution due to time constraints E Impact The impact of the design in terms of meeting desired needs to health and safety is that the design will help the nurses to provide the medication for the patient in proper time and they will not be confused because the design will provide light on LEDs on the slots intended for those patients that are scheduled to intake their medicine in the cabinet F Differentiation 1 Manual method Almost all hospitals in the Philippines uses a manual method for keeping medicines and sometimes this method brings a possible cause of accident like for example a nurse which gave wrong medicine to a patient Difference Our design proposal lessens the possibility mentioned above by including a light signal there will be a slot on the medicine cabinet for the LEDs When the medicine needed is inside the drawer the assigned LED for the said drawer will light up otherwise it will not Moreover the proposed syste
97. rtial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering Ach S Felicito S Caluyo Dean School of EECE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We are sincerely thankful to our adviser Dionis Padilla whose encouragement guidance and support from the initial to the final level enabled us to develop an understanding of the subject It is a pleasure to extend gratitude to those who made this design project possible such as our parents who gave us the moral support and our friends Rommer Ca ete and Francis Evangelista who helped us in the programming part of this design project We also would like to make a special reference to Ms Ayra Panganiban who is our professor in design course Without her guidance we could not have completed this design project We also like to thank our design panels for giving us the necessary corrections in our documents Lastly we offer our blessings to everyone who supported us in any respect during the completion of the project TABLE 5 APPROVAL SHEET ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES ABSTRACT Chapter 1 DESIGN BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Overview Customer Need Solution Benefits Definition of Terms Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED DESIGN LITERATURE amp STUDIES Medicine Dispensers Microcontroller Unit Serial Communication from Microcontroller to Computer Chapter 3 DESIGN PROCEDURES Hardware Development
98. s 116 if item GetType typeof GroupBox i foreach Control item1 in item Controls if item1 GetType typeof MaskedTextBox i item1 ResetText else if item1 GetType typeof ComboBox ComboBox dd ComboBox item1 dd SelectedIndex 1 SCHEDULE TAB END E3ERETERERE ER E NOTIFICATION TAB 3E EE 3E 3E 3E EE HERE E ETE HERE HERE HE private void notification clear but Click object sender EventArgs e DialogResult result MessageBox Show Are you sure you want to erase all the notifications CLEAR NOTIFICATION S MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Question if result DialogResult Yes SqlConnection connection new SglConnection Q Data Source Initial Catalog C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL10_50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDF Integrated Security True SglCommand command connection Open command new SqlCommand command Connection connection command CommandText DELETE FROM dbo notify command ExecuteNonQuery connection Close notification_listbox Items Clear NOTIFICATION TAB END private void backgroundWorker1 DoWork object sender DoWorkEventArgs e while search Collection string retrieve date of intake new Collection lt string gt retrieve access id new Collection lt string gt retrieve every other day new Collection lt string gt 117 retrieve drawer no
99. s Success 100 Led 5 e On 6 Success Success Success Success Success 100 7 Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 6 f On 8 Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 7 5 9 Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 8 h On 10 Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 9 i On 11 Success Success Success Success Success 100 z 12 Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 10 J On 13 Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 11 k On 14 Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 12 l On 15 Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 13 m On 16 Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 14 n On Led 15 o On TABLE TEST FOR BUZZER RESPONSE Led 16 on Trials of Success Alarm q On Oft On Led 1 A Off Success Success Success Success Success 100 Led 2 B Off Led 3 C Off The percentage of success was computed based Led 4 D Off on a formula that can be express as Led 5 E Off Total number of success trial x 100 3 1 Led 6 F Off Total number of trials performed Led 7 G Off As clearly seen in Table II and III the medicine cabinet was successfully responsded to every data Led 8 H Off input Led 9 I Off But during the design process another problem Led 10 J Off arises which lead to the question about the response Led 11 K Off of the microcontroller unit to the command
100. send by Led 12 L Off the C program With this question the designers Led 13 M Off choose test inputs for the application software Led 14 N Off Since the main function of this solution is to Led 15 Off schedule a patient s time of intake the designers Led 16 P Off constructed Table IV Alarm Q Off TABLE IV TEST INPUTS FOR THE SOFTWARE APPLICATION Table II and III show the collected data in testing the functionality of the LED and the buzzer of the created prototype using the UART terminal in Mikro C The test ensures that the researchers are successful in creating the hardware component of the design solution that has a light signal on each drawer and an alarm With that the researchers assumed that every command signal that was sending though serial communication has a corresponding action by the microcontroller unit 1 Trial2 Trial3 Trial4 Software Application 12 am 26 12 pm Inputs Table IV represents the test inputs for the software application The time in trial 1 and trial 3 are the two extreme input values because the software application converts the time input from 12 hour format to 24 hour format in converting a time from 12 hour to 24 hour format it is known that adding 12 to the hour part of time is necessary for those time after noon and those time before noon remain the same But if the time is 12 pm it should remain the same and if the time is 12
101. ser it also log those informations that was relayed to the user Again the application will store it to another database table called log The second important feature is the inventory The application subtracts a particular quantity to the total quantiy of medicine in a particular dawer The subtraction is done when the notification event takes place The user can check the inventory in which in return the application will relay the updated quantity of medicine 33 Patient s partial details Date Today Patient s full details Cabstorage db 4 0 Drawer number Medicine Name Process Data USER Assigned Docto 6 Patient s full details Update medicine uantity Time of intake 3 Get Patient s full details Assigned Docto Patient s full details L Medicine name Get Patient s Details Patient s full details 5 Relay Patient s full details Patient s full details Drawer number Patient s Details 4 Get Patient s full details Notify dbo Log dbo Patient s full details lt full details Figure 3 5 Data Flow Diagram for Scheduling Figure 3 5 and 3 6 show the Data flow Diagram for scheduling and inventory process respectively for the software application of this design solution Each shape has their meanings which are the following the circular shape stands for a process the rectangular shape stands for storage and th
102. sible true back_but Visible true change_password Enabled false MessageBox Show It seems that you do not have recovery password Please make one PASSWORD MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Information else buttoni Text RESET change_password Enabled false labeli Text Recovery Password back_but Visible true else Combine the file name with the path newPath Path Combine activeDir recovery if File Exists newPath label1 Text Recovery Password button1 Text SET label3 Visible true retype_password Visible true back_but Visible true change_password Enabled false 133 MessageBox Show It seems that you do not have recovery password Please make one PASSWORD MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Information else buttoni Text RESET change_password Enabled false labeli Text Recovery Password back_but Visible true private void cancel_but_Click object sender EventArgs e this Close FORM3 using System using System Collections Generic using System ComponentModel using System Data using System Drawing using System Linq using System Text using System Windows Forms namespace WindowsFormsApplication8 public partial class Form3 Form public Form3 InitializeComponent private void button1_Click object sender EventArgs e Close 134
103. ssageBoxIcon Information EDIT TAB END LOG TAB private void print but Click object sender EventArgs e private void printDocument1 PrintPage object sender System Drawing Printing PrintPageEventArgs e printDocument1 Print Bitmap bm new Bitmap this log_dataGridView Width this log dataGridView Height log dataGridView DrawToBitmap bm new Rectangle 0 0 this log dataGridView Width this log dataGridView Height e Graphics DrawImage bm 0 0 LOG TAB END INVENTORY TAB private void inventory drawer listBox SelectedValueChanged object sender EventArgs e 5 string drw no2 previous 0 int total 0 contents Clear if inventory drawer listBox SelectedIndex gt 0 if inventory drawer listBox SelectedItem ToString Length 8 drw_no2 inventory drawer listBox SelectedItem ToString Substring 7 1 else drw_no2 inventory drawer listBox SelectedItem ToString Substring 7 2 SglConnection connection new SglConnection Data Source Initial Catalog C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL10_50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDF Integrated Security True SglCommand command SqlDataReader read connection Open command new SqlCommand command Connection connection string Format SELECT FROM dbo cabstorage WHERE drawer no 0 ORDER BY
104. start its job automatically PIC16F877A will send a reply letter x There are specific letters assigned for each LED and buzzer Small letters from a to p is assigned to switch on the LEDs and capital letters from A to P is assigned to turn off the LEDs Small letter and capital letter is assigned for a specific drawer For example small a is assigned to turn on the LED in the first drawer and capital A is assigned to turn off the LED in the same drawer For the second drawer letters b and B are used so on Small letter q is assigned to turn on the buzzer and small letter Q is assigned to off the buzzer The buzzer will be in on state if letter q is sent serially but not until Q is sent The software application is the one who responsible for how long will the buzzer will be at its on state Therefore one of the tasks of the software application is to send and receive data coming from to the PIC16F877A With that in effect the software application controls the sixteen LED and the buzzer while the microcontroller serve as the driver for the sixteen LED and the buzzer Prototype Development This section provides the overview of the steps that the designers undergo in developing the prototype of the said design 37 The designers used the following software application in the prototype development Visual Studio 2010 Professional MikroC v3 2 and Proteus 7 Professional First the designers gather information about the
105. sure you want to do this DELETE MEDICINE MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Question if result DialogResult Yes 115 if medicine listBox SelectedItem null SglConnection connection new SglConnection Q Data Source Initial Catalog C PROGRAM FILES MICROSOFT SQL SERVER MSSQL10_50 MSSQLSERVER MSSQL DATA MEDCAB MDF Integrated Security True SglCommand command connection Open command new SqlCommand command Connection connection command CommandText string Format DELETE FROM dbo medicine WHERE med 40 medicine listBox SelectedItem ToString command ExecuteNonQuery connection Close medicine listBox Items Remove medicine listBox SelectedTtem else MessageBox Show Please selesct a medicine name DELETE MEDICINE MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Exclamation private void lastname_patient_Click object sender EventArgs if sender Equals room_no this room no Select 0 0 else if sender Equals medicine total qty this medicine total qty Select 0 0 else if sender Equals medicine qty per intake this medicine qty intake Select 0 0 else if sender Equals edit total quantity this edit_total_quantity Select 0 0 else if sender Equals edit quantity per intake this edit quantity per intake Select 0 0 private void clear_but_Click object sender EventArgs e foreach Control item in Schedule_tab Control
106. t loop while 1 start if UART1 Data Ready If data is received 5 read UART1 Read read the received data switch read case PORTD i RDO_bit 1 i PORTD break case PORTD i RDO_bit 0 i PORTD 101 case b case B case case case d case D case case E case case case g case G case h break PORTD i RD1_bit 1 i PORTD break PORTD i RD1_bit 0 i PORTD break PORTD i RD2_bit 1 i PORTD break PORTD i RD2_bit 0 i PORTD break PORTD i RD3_bit 1 i PORTD break PORTD i RD3_bit 0 i PORTD break PORTD i RD4_bit 1 i PORTD break PORTD i RD4_bit 0 i PORTD break PORTD i RD5_bit 1 i PORTD break PORTD i RD5_bit 0 i PORTD break PORTD i RD6_bit 1 i PORTD break PORTD i RD6_bit 0 i PORTD break PORTD i RD7_bit 1 i PORTD break 102 case H PORTD i RD7_bit 0 i PORTD break case i j RBO bit 1 j PORTB break case T PORTB j RBO_bit 0 j PORTB break case j PORTB RB1 bit 1 j PORTB break case PORTB RB1 bit 0 j PORTB break case PORTB j RB2_bit 1 j PORTB break case PORTB
107. t patient at the correct given time for that particular medicine Difference Our design project can also differentiated to this design because the said invention is positioned adjacent to a given patient while our project is located at the medical ward nurse station and our design is only intended for solid medicine only Moreover our design does not provide a lock one mentioned above but our design solution provides a light indicator for each slot in the cabinet Our design solution also implements an inventory system that will keep track on what medicine is disposed from the cabinet in which an added features than the one mentioned above Benefits The benefits of the proposed system are as follows First the checking of patient s medicine schedule is automated Next it provides safety in picking the medicines And it will tell on what medicines was being disposed to patients In short it will serve as an electronic guide to the nurse thus simplifying his her effort which will make his her do another activity inside the hospital related to his her work Definition of Terms LED a light emitting diode LED is a semiconductor device that emits visible light when an electric current passes through it and serves as light signals on each cabinet Inventory System the system that will monitor what medicine should be taken out and check the quantity of available medicine Solid Medicine Cabinet a cabinet which consists of 16 drawers with
108. t processes the data should undergo 31 start M ka Do you want t schedule Do you want to check inventory Input patient s details Input drawer number v Y Save patient s Search medicine details quantity T y Cabstorage dbo Cabstorage dbo no Extract time of Add searched intake quantity It is equal to current time Relay updated medicine quantity YES Store information to notify Notify dbo Notify to scrren Log notification Log dbo MOM Figure 3 4 Program Flow for the Software Application Figure 3 4 shows the program flow for the software application It only covers the two important feature of the design for simplicity of the presentation 32 The first feature is the scheduling once the user wants to schedule he she must enter the necessary informations on the application then the application store those informations in a database table named as cabstorage If the application is running it checks the time of intake of each medicine stored in the cabstorage table Once the time of intake is equal to current time the application will place all the necessary information to a database table named as notify then it will relay those information to the user Every time that the application notifies the u
109. ting Diode LED Notifier Software and Hardware Development are discussed thoroughly in this chapter to guide future researchers who aspire to innovate the said design Hardware Development This section provides the overview of the steps that the designers undergo in developing the hardware of the said design Hardware Development discusses the components used and the flow of data through the components in terms of conceptual framework block diagram and schematic diagram Major compositions of this design are discussed in terms of block diagram and schematic diagram to see the actual circuit comprising of each diagram First the designers researched and gathered information about previous related designed devices as a basis for circuit design Second the designers chose the right kind of components then the designers started to simulate the circuit after getting the correct output the designer began to develop the said design Finally the designers proceed to testing While conducting the testing some errors were encountered in this case the designers proceed in debugging the device 27 MICROCONTROLLER 16 LED AND A BUZZER USER INPUT DATA DEDICATED COMPUTER INPUT MIDDLE DEVICES OUTPUT Figure 3 1 Conceptual Framework Figure 3 1 is the conceptual framework of the proposed system The designer used the computer as a middle device that accept inputs from the user and send a specific comma
110. ugh the master clock and the main signal light that the program actuates to unlock the associated compartment door Another synergizing signal will also be passed to the nurse station to inform the nurse that it is time for medication of the patient Setting the time for the schedule is set by using a counter The clock pulses determines the time for the compartment to open CK PULSE NERATOR COUNTER ES LOCK STATION Figure 2 3 General Circuit of the McLaughlin s Invention Source John T McLaughlin 1973 16 Portable Medicine Cabinet with Timer 1979 In the year 1979 particularly 47 of June Thurmond Hicks and Brenda Hicks filed a US patent for their invention Portable Medicine Cabinet with Timer The purpose of their invention is to assure that an individual does not both become confused and forget to take doses of certain prescribed medicines or take doses of the prescribed medicine too often so as to endanger health Hicks T A and Hicks B G 1981 The portable medicine cabinet was only intended for private use by an individual taking several different medicines in which may be carried from to the home office and the like It comprises a plurality of freely accessible compartments and time computer into which a plurality of predetermined time intervals for taking a dose of the respective medicines may be entered Hicks T A and Hicks B G 1981 An indicator is electrically con
111. ule DateTime Parse Convert ToString DateTime Now Date Substring 0 9 command Parameters AddWithValue _date_of_intake DateTime Parse Convert ToString DateTime Now Date Substring 0 9 command Parameters AddWithValue _every_other_day edit_every_day Checked false T command ExecuteNonQuery connection Close kk edited_number_of_intake edited_starting_time DateTime Parse edited_starting_time AddHours interval ToString HH mm try while true connection Open command new SglCommand command Connection connection command CommandText string Format DELETE dbo cabstorage WHERE edited starting time access id retrieve kk command ExecuteNonQuery connection Close kk catch t MessageBox Show Done saving SAVE MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Information access id 1 catch MessageBox Show Nothing save maybe you did not select a medicine name SAVE MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Error is private void edit_terminate_Click object sender EventArgs e 126 DialogResult result MessageBox Show This action will terminate a schedule of a medicine for the patient assigned for this drawer Do you want to continue TERMINATE MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Warning if result DialogResult Yes SglConnection connection new SglConnection Q Data Source Initial Catalog C PROGRAM FILES
112. urce John Glucksman and Joseph R Kub 1968 Cabinet for Dispensing Medicines at Predetermined Times 1973 In the patent paper of John T McLaughlin Cabinet for Dispensing Medicines at Predetermined Times the invention was created to minimize the common errors in carrying out medicines to the patients They used a cabinet to create individual compartments for each patient Each compartment has a time lock and a signal light The signal light was created to give the nurse an idea what compartment the nurse can get the prescribed medicine for the given patient The time lock was used to give the prescribed medicine to the patient at 14 the correct time see Figure 2 3 to have idea the appearance of the said invention 4 www wh Figure 2 3 Cabinet for Dispensing Medicines at Predetermined Times Source John T McLaughlin 1973 The invention was used to ensure that the correct dose of medicine will be given to the right patient The time of medication of the patient was programmed When it is time for the patient to take its medication the lock will be unlocked based on the programmed time and the signal light will notify that the nurse that it is time for the patient to take its medication The individual lock for each compartment was programmed according to the schedule of the patient An output signal is passed to a counter and an OR circuit see Figure 15 2 3 the output signal also passes thro
113. vers Receivers ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS MAX220 222 232A 233A 242 243 Tupo Doc OV de DIF duas Drm WP C TIT C ey input Volar 1 amp Pim Hanos SO TOME above eger ow mn Vor DN 1 amp Pin Wide SO danie 3 1 amp Pin Wide SO danie d aboa 7272 PETI Pp MEX Z2 0 AHPN Wide 50 domnie above 700 cor Taur Except MAX P205 1 iY zm SSOP derat aboro T0705 Esiri Tour MA ali 2 1 amp Pin demote 0 DOr WP C above Dunu 1 amp Pin rarae 30 Er M C above TIT C Brot Taur Operating Tamperaturg Ranges O34 fo Wee 04 _ D in Drwor Facuvar Cuiul Sei AFT mn asc Conbruumue Power Dizsipason Ta 707121 M EET in 1257 1 amp Pn DF perat 10 Erw oboro TIT C Bdzrri Tanpere Fange BEC Ip 4 19 0c 13 31 mM C above Ber Lac Tamperatura sokong 10sec 3001 ete 1 Inout aci wih Toor in highimpadanos sigla SAGA or Vigo UN 2 For tha Y and Y hawa a maximum magnitude of TV but thor absniuta dMorence cannot wraad 13V Smo Una Enc onder Aog uo ce ee cep
114. w use the application the medicine cabinet is connected to COMS2 Cg 49 3 After clicking the OK button the main form will appear take note that the first activated tab is the Notification tab 49 Medicine Cabinet v10 Off Swatch Drawer Drewer2 Drewerd Drawer Dawes F Dawet Drawer Dewerl Drawer Orewert2 4 User left click Sc Cabinet v1 0 Saturday March 03 2012 12 13 AM Using the notification tab 1 If a notification appeared as seen in the picture the user can clear the area by clicking the Clear button 2 Medicine Cabinet v10 Notfication Schede Ed Schedule Lat inventory History Mantenance DRAWERZ Catalan Ned Pasion MEDICATION BIOGESIC 1 ASSIGNED TO Catalan Cama May TIME 00 14 DATE 2 3 2012 Switch Dewe Drawers 7 Dewes F Dewes F Dewet F Drawer Dawes F 0 7 1 2 7 Drawerl3 F Drewer DeswertS E Select Al Saturday March 03 2012 12 17 AM 50 2 3i A message box will appear to verify the action of the user Just click Yes if you want to proceed otherwise click No Notlicston Schede Ede Schedule Lat inventory History Mantenance DRAWERZ Catalan Nel Pasion MEDICATION BIOGESIC 1 pc pcs ASSIGNED TO Catalan Channa May TIME 00 14 DATE 3 3 2012 CLEAR NOTIHCATION S
115. weg E Drewerll Saturday March 03 2012 12 17 56 3 After entering the password click Ok 2 Medicine Cabinet v1 0 schede ES Lat invertor Martenance Off Switch Dawei Dawe Drawer3 Daweg Dawerio Drwerll 4 Select a drawer from the list box as seen in the picture s Medicine Cabinet Patient s Information Doctor s information Last Name Fist Nome Midde Name Last Midde Name Starting Tine 0746 Number of Per Day 57 5 After selecting drawer number it will give you the patient doctor and the medicine informations the user can now alter these information 3 Medicine Cabinet 108 e Schede E Schedue Lat inverter History Martenance Drawer Number Patient s information Doctor s information DRAWER Laa tiome fr tone Mode Nore DRAWER 2 Last fist Midde Neme aaa DRAWER 3 DRAWER 4 DRAWERS Modane DRAWER 6 Select a medicine Stating Tine Vl A 7 5 Pu gt DRAWER 9 DRAWER 10 IDRAWER 11 DRAWER 12 IDRAWER 13 IDRAWER 14 DRAWER 15 DRAWER 16 Number of intake Per Day 6 After altering click Save 2 Medicine Cabinet v10 Drawer Number Patient s information Last Name Fist Name Midde
116. wer7 port Write G break case Drawer8 port Write H break case Drawer9 port Write I break case Drawer10 port Write J break case Drawerli port Write K break case Drawer12 port Write L break case Drawer13 port Write M break case Drawer14 port Write N break case Drawer15 port Write O break case Drawer16 port Write P break port Close private void reset hardware but Click object sender EventArgs DialogResult result MessageBox Show Warning this action will reset the system Do you want to continue Reset Hardware MessageBoxButtons YesNo MessageBoxIcon Warning if result DialogResult Yes PORTNAME_INDEX 0 port Open port Close port DtrEnable true port Open port Close port DtrEnable false port Open port Close foreach string s in PORTNAME try port PortName s port ReadTimeout 100 port Open port Write s READ DATA FROM MCU char port ReadChar read data from PIC16F877A then stored to buffer 110 if READ DATA FROM MCU i MessageBox Show You may now use the application the medicine cabinet is connected to PORTNAME PORTNAME INDEX COM port MessageBoxButtons OK MessageBoxIcon Information port Close break catch Exception a port Close PORTNAME_INDEX if READ DATA FROM MCU x result MessageBox Show
117. werl Deawer 5 Drawer Select Al Saturday March 03 2012 12 20 PATIENTS ASSIGNED ROOM MEDICINE NAME DOCTOR NUMBER NAME NUMBER QUANTITY TAKEN mos 1 aaa aaa ALAXAN 1 1 aaa aaa ASPIRIN 1 1 la ee h BIOGESIC 1 1 anse saa h MEDIOOL 1 ac h DECOLGEN n 1 aaa BIOGESIC 1 ZANTRAX 1 1 lans ace h PONSTAN IE 1 ASPIRIN 1 1 TEMPRA 2 2 Catalan Pad Catalan 123 8IOGESIC 1 1 aaa pas BIOFLU 1 1 66 Using the maintenance tab 1 Ifthe user wants to check the lights in each drawer the buzzer and the COM port number or the user wants to reset the hardware part of this system the user can go to Maintenance tab Take note that this is password protected like the Schedule and the Edit tab so with that the same process applies in entering the password c 2 Medicine Cabinet v1 0 Switch Drawer 7 Dawe Drawers Dawes M Dawe5 Drewerll Drweri2 7 Dmweri3 67 2 To test the light each drawer select a drawer number among the choices then click On this will turn on the light otherwise if the user wants to turn off the light click Off 2 Medicine Cabinet v1 0 Schede Ee Schedule Lat invertor Maintenance Light Test F Orsw
118. ystem with Time Based Alarm and Light Emitting Diode LED Notifier was designed developed constructed and tested The designed device was able to monitor the time intake of medicine of a patient The design provides a more accurate time of take of medicine The alarm and LED notifies the nurse in charge that a patient needs to take medication through this the medication of every patient is monitored The design has its inventory system that will monitor what medicine should be taken out and check the quantity of available medicine Through this inventory the medicine given to the patients will be on time The nurse assigned will be notified by the inventory that a patient needs to take what kind of medicines and amount of medicine needed to be taken The tests that were conducted by the designers show the planned output of the device The designed device will be helpful to the doctors and nurses to monitor patient s medication 44 researchers were able to conclude the following through testing First the solution responded to the signal that was sending using UART terminal and lastly the solution responded with the C program at corresponding user s test inputs Recommendation The following are recommended ways to improve the design In terms of hardware security the medicine cabinet with multiple drawers is can be opened by anyone thus the cabinet is not secured by illegal access of the drawers But this problem can be address

solid-medicine cabinet and inventory system with time based alarm

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