TRACER USER`S MANUAL
Contents
1. loss of signal code violation CRC error framing error remote alarm Loopbacks local line remote link local link Panel neus Alarm LEDs Configuration Switches Monitor Jacks Diagnostics El Loopback Remote Test with built in BERT Test Points RSSI System Voltages QPSK Constellation Alamis seda Major normally open Major normally closed Minor normally open Minor normally closed ASCII Terminal Menu Driven User Interface Control of the Remote End Password Protected Optional Event History RS 232 TERMINAL INTERFACE Data Rate Data Bits Parity Stop Bits Terminal Emulation VT 100 6128000411 1 Pace 51 SPECIFICATIONS MECHANICAL amp ENVIRONMENTAL Baseband Processor Operating Temperature 25 C to 65 C 42 4cm 4 4cm 29 2cm Humidity 9596 Non condensing Weight mes 2 7 kg Rack RFC Operating Temperature 40 C to 65 C ee 42 4cm x 4 4cm x 29 2cm Humidity 9596 Non condensing Weight 4 8 kg Mast RFC Operating Temperature 40 C to 65 C SIZe en 22 5 cm diameter x 52 5 cm Humidity 10096 Weight 2 2328 8 1 kg Power Input Voltage 21 to 60 volts DC 100 to 220 volts AC 50 or 60 Hz with optional AC adapter Power Consumption 30 watts 3 pin DIN AC adapter 3 pin screw clamp termin2. 49 INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS eee 50 USER INTERFACE cssssescecccenssescecccesescecceccessscecceeees 50 RS 232 TERMINAL INTERFACE eee eere 50 MECHANICAL amp ENVIRONMENTAL eee 50 ts 51 nc MEER 55 APPENDIX A CABLE CONNECTIONS cccesecccesscccesscecessscccssscceessceees A 1 61280004L1 1A 1A Pace v Secrion 1 TRACER DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION The Single El version of Tracer provides single El transport via a 2 4 GHz direct sequence spread spectrum microwave link The transmitter output power is 20 dBm maximum while the receiver sensitivity is 91 dBm or better System performance is determined in part by the engineering of the microwave link Each Tracer radio is comprised of two components the baseband processor and the radio frequency converter RFC The El interface G 703 G 704 compliant is provided on the back of the baseband processor which is mountable in a 515 mm rack The radio frequency converter is rackmountable adjacent to the baseband processor or mastmountable in a weatherproof enclosure located up to 110 meters apart using RG 8 style coax A single coaxial cable connects the baseband processor via a Type N connector to the RFC and another coaxial cable connects the RFC to the antenna via a Type N connector Pace 2 61280004L1 1A SECTION 1 APPLICATIONS Any application that would typically use metallic El as
3. 2281 gt Figure 1 9 Block Diagram The RFC module is enclosed in either an ETSI compliant rackmount housing or a weather tight enclosure suitable for mastmounting near the antenna for enhanced system performance The RFC mastmount and rackmount housings are illustrated below Figure 1 10 Front and Rear of Rackmount RFC Housing Figure 1 11 Mastmount Housing Pace 14 61280004L1 1A ANTENNA SELECTION Tracer is intended to be coupled with an antenna that is directional thus providing signal gain There are several reasons for this requirement Tracer operates in point to point applications so omnidirectional antennas cannot be used The low power transmitter is intended to be used with a high gain antenna for long links Directional antennas minimize the interference that a site is susceptible to and also minimizes the site s interference to other sites The antenna requirements are listed below Minimum gain 15 dBi Minimum return loss 15 dB N type Impedance 500 2 INSTALLATION Unpack INSPECT Carefully inspect the Tracer for any shipping damages If damage is suspected file a claim immediately with the carrier then contact ADTRAN Customer Service If possible keep the original shipping container for use in shipping the Trac
4. Pace 10 61280004L1 1A SECTION 1 The controls available from the control panel are listed below Name Function Reset Reset the system LBK een Toggles El between normal and local line loopback modes CREF ON Affects the El Performance Monitoring characteristics ES errored second is one or more CRC4 errors or Loss of Frame SES severely errored second is more than one Loss of Frame one or more Loss of Receive Signal or more than 805 CRC4 errors CRCAOFE nuu Affects the El Performance Monitoring characteristics ES errored second is one or more BPV bipolar violations for an AMI configured circuit or one or more Code Errors for an HBD3 configured circuit SES severely errored second is Loss of Signal or Frame 805 or more BPV bipolar violations or Code Errors CAS ttt dut Selects Channel Associated Signalling CCS erede ente Selects Common Channel Signalling coded Selects HDB3 Line Coding AMI Selects AMI Line Coding Remote Test Initiate a remote test across the RF link The monitor points provided on the front panel of the system are described below EYE Le Sp Demodulated received baseband output EYE Qiii Demodulated received baseband output EYE CLK hen Recovered clock for observing EYE pattern RSSI its DC voltage indicating strength of the received signal at the antenna System 5 volts System 5 volts System 12 volts System 12 volts DC
5. below 15 Pin RJ 48 Pin Function Pin Function 1 1 Out ring 1 1 Out ring 2 Frame ground 2 1 Out tip 3 El In ring 3 N C 4 Frame ground 4 El In ring 5 5 El In tip 6 N C 6 N C 7 N C 7 N C 8 N C 8 N C 9 El Out tip 10 11 El In tip 12 N C 13 14 15 61280004L1 1A Pace 19 INSTALLATION The BNC configuration interface provides a 75Q unbalanced connection The shield of the OUT coaxial connection is attached to earth ground A jumper is provided to optionally connect the shield of the INPUT coaxial connection to ground as described in G 703 This jumper is located on the inside of the 1 interface board between the two BNC connectors The El module must be removed to access this option The 15 pin RJ 48 configuration interface provides a 120Q balanced connection Three loopback functions are provided for diagnostic capability The local line loopback loops the incoming E1 signal back out at the El framer The remote link loopback loops the El data back to the local end from the remote end This allows a BERT to be run across the microwave link and back The local link loopback allows the local unit to loop El data back towards the remote end The available loopback functions are illustrated below 1 1 2 RFLink 3 E1 Local Remote Figure 2 1 El Loopback Locations Pace 20 61280004L1 1A Section 2 LINK PLANNING IMPORTANT The appropr
6. 1 interface is displayed on this screen This is a status screen only TRACER E1 Status Menu Site Adtran Loop Normal State Normal Rx Remote Alarm No Rx Carrier Loss No Rx Loss of Sync No Error Detection CRC4 Enabled Signaling CCS Line Code HDB3 C Indicates last set by front panel Otherwise last set by terminal Ne Press m Main menu Y Figure 3 3 El Status Page Link PERFORMANCE History This screen presents detailed error statistics for the RF link The data is presented as RFCL Radio Frequency Converter Link and LINK RF Link representing seconds out of service for each The RFCL represents the communications channel between the BBP and RFC via the IF interconnect cable The counts for the most recent 24 hours are recorded in 15 minute increments Twenty four hour totals are recorded for the most recent days ad TRACER Link Performance History N Site Adtran 24 Hour Registers 15 Minute Registers RFCL LINK RFCL LINK RFCL LINK 00000 00000 Current 000 000 1 2 Figure 3 4 Link Performance History Page 61280004L1 1A Pace 33 OPERATION E1 Performance History PAGE This screen presents detailed error statistics for El The data is presented as Errored Seconds and Severely Errored Seconds The counts for the most recent 24 hours are recorded in 15 minute increments Twenty four hour totals are recorded for th
7. TROUBLESHOOTING FAIL LIGHT IS LIT AFTER PRESSING REMOTE TEST BUTTON The Remote Fail light will activate after a Remote Test has failed RECOMMENDED ACTION PossiBLE CAUSE SEE LIST BELOW The 10 second BERT has failed over the RF link to the far end ace eS ODD RE ERI RR 1 The RX power may be below or near the 91 dbm threshold i e RR d RR ed 1 RECOMMENDED ACTIONS 1 Check the RX power level using the VT 100 user interface or the RSSI DC voltage test points Verify the RX power is between 55 amp 91 dbm RE Low LIGHT Is ON This alarm will activate if the RX power is below 80 dbm RECOMMENDED ACTION PossiBLE CAUSE SEE LIST BELOW The RX power is below 80 dBm s 1 5 7 8 The far end transmitter is off or is transmitting low POWER ED 2 5 7 8 The RF path is not aligned sss 3 8 e Water is in the antenna feedhorn or connectors 4 8 RECOMMENDED ACTIONS 1 Verify the RX power is between 55 amp 91 dBm using the 100 user interface or RSSI DC voltage test points 2 Check the far end transmitter for operation and proper transmit power 3 Check the RF path using a spectrum analyzer or RSSI voltages for proper alignment Have path professionally re aligned and check system path engineering Check the antenna feedhorn and all outdoor connections for water Check all connections between the BBP the RFC and the ante
8. Adtran DX pa Ed X RFC Link Up Yes X X X x Code Sync Yes X X X X Carrier Sync Yes X X X X El Link Sync Yes X X X X Chipping Code 9 X X to exit remote mode Figure 3 10 Remote Current System Status secron 4 TROUBLESHOOTING GENERAL If you experience a problem with the Tracer system check to ensure that all connectors coaxial cables antennas and Tls are all properly connected and that the system configuration ensures proper transmit and receive levels for the RF equipment Then if the problem persists follow the actions recommended in this section For further assistance call ADTRAN Technical Support at 256 963 8716 NOTE Each Tracer is completely system tested and all specifications verified prior to shipment Most problems on a new link tend to have installation related solutions but in some cases the equipment may be at fault Pace 40 Section 4 61280004L1 1A PROBLEM DESCRIPTIONS AND RECOMMENDED ACTIONS Each problem described below is followed by a list of Possible Causes each of which is followed by a number or numbers corresponding to a Recommended Action or Actions IMPORTANT If problems persist after you have followed the Recommended Actions contact ADTRAN Technical Support at 800 726 8663 TROUBLESHOOTING USING THE FRONT PANEL INDICATORS Link ERROR LIGHT IS LiT OR Link is Down This alarm will acti
9. Code Violation CRC error Framing Error Remote Error Both normally open and normally closed contacts are provided for each alarm class Access is provided by a six position terminal strip on the baseband processor SECTION 3 OPERATION VT 100 User INTERFACE The Tracer may be accessed with a VI 100 compatible terminal set to 9600 bits per second 8 data bits and no parity connected to the RS 232 port on the back of the unit Once a terminal is connected pressing the ESC key will present the System Status screen If password access has been enabled then press Enter or Return in order to see the Enter Password message Tracer is shipped with password protection disabled RS 232 INTERFACE The Tracer has an RS 232 interface for system management via an attached VT 100 terminal personal computer or modem The RS 232 port is configured as a DCE with the following pin assignments Signal Pin Name Number Direction ERD Tracer RXD renani From Tracer us eus Aue To Tracer CTS cnius LR From Tracer DSR i use Oud From Tracer Ground 7 CABLE CONNECTIONS The cable connections required for various configurations are detailed in Appendix A of this manual Pace 30 61280004L1 1A Section 3 PasswoRD Tracer provides optional password protection of the terminal interface If enabled a password prompt is presented at power up reboot or after thirty minutes o
10. be transmitted on the No El alarm LEDs will be lit in this situation but the LINK DOWN LED will illuminate 61280004L1 1A Pact 47 TROUBLESHOOTING Alarm Indication Signal AIS An unframed all ones signal that replaces the normal traffic signal when a maintenance alarm indication has been activated Its purpose is to notify facilities at the receive end ofa circuit that a local alarm has occurred upstream in the circuit 5 SPECIFICATIONS This section lists the specifications for Tracer system RF TRANSMITTER Output Power 20 dBm maximum Frequency Range 2400 2483 5 MHz Channel Bandwidth 40 MHz Two Channels RF RECEIVER Receive Level Range 30 to 91 dBm 10 BER minimum Receive Level nominal 60 dBm FREQUENCY PLAN Plan A TX 2 422 GHz RX 2 462 GHz Plan TX 2 462 GHz RX 2 422 GHz SPREAD SPECTRUM Data Pump Modulation DQPSK Spreading Method Direct Sequence Code Length 120 bits Processing Gain gt 12 dB Number of Codes 10 Chipping Rate 12 Pace 50 61280004L1 1A Section 5 E1 INTERFACE SPECIFICATION Electrical G 703 Framing aii G 704 CRC 4 CAS CCS Jitter eR 823 Line Code AMI HDB3 2 048 Mbps 75Q unbalanced BNC 1209 balanced DB 15 RJ 48 Alarms
11. see Blinking red if the self test has completed and failed Solid red if self test is in progress or did not complete u a Green if DC voltage is applied The LEDs associated with the El interface are listed below tn elf Red ifthe incoming El stream contains code violations or a CRC error LOS OOF idu Red if there is no signal present at the El interface or if framing synchronization is lost Loopback Solid yellow if the El interface is in local line loopback Blinking yellow if the El interface is in link loopback ALM na Solid red if an AIS is detected at the incoming El blinking red ifa remote alarm signal is found The functions of the LEDs which relate system configuration information are listed below Frequency Plan A Yellow if frequency plan A is selected Frequency Plan B Yellow if frequency plan B is selected Remote Test Active Yellow if the remote test is active Remote Test Fail Red if the remote test failed The LEDs that indicate error conditions in the spread spectrum data pump and RFC are listed below All of these LEDs are visible through the front panel Any one of these LEDs indicates and error condition that precludes system operation Link Down Red if the RF link is not operational El interface will transmit AIS on the affected El to indicate an error RE LOW Lace Red if the received RF carrier level is below 80 dBm
12. set to the same PN code 6 The connection between the BBP and the RFC is LAU he ame eas cr i ee 1 7 10 The connection between the RFC and the antenna is faulty in edet 1 7 10 The BBP or RFC is faulty 10 RECOMMENDED ACTIONS 1 QV EE 2o oe Check the RX power using the VT 100 user interface or RSSI voltage refer to RSSI voltage chart Check the far end transmitter for operation and proper transmit power Check the RF path using a spectrum analyzer or RSSI voltages for proper alignment Have path professionally re aligned and check system path engineering Check the antenna feedhorn and all outdoor connections for water Change the frequency of one radio through the VT 100 user interface or front panel button Set both units to the same PN code Check all connections between the BBP the RFC and the antenna Check the IF and RF cables for shorts Check connections inside the mast mount or rack mount RFC 0 Replace the RFC Pace 46 61280004L1 1A Section 4 E1 ALARMS The following definitions of El alarms apply to Tracer Local Alarm is caused by a locally detected facility failure Remote Alarm is an alarm received at the receive portion of the circuit to indicate that a failure has occurred in the receive direction ALM indicates one of two main problems First if a solid red line it indicates a local failure with the E1 signal U
13. 100 user interface or RSSI voltage 2 Check the far end transmitter for operation and proper transmit power 3 Check the RF path using a spectrum analyzer or RSSI voltages for proper alignment Have path professionally re aligned and check system path engineering gt Check the antenna feedhorn and all outdoor connections for water Change the frequency of one radio through the VT 100 user interface or front panel button Set both units to the same PN code Check all connections between the BBP the RFC and the antenna Check the IF and RF cables for shorts Check connections inside the mast mount or rack mount RFC 0 Replace the RFC zou Uo io 61280004 L1 1A Pace 45 TROUBLESHOOTING Carrier Sync ALARM on T1 Mux Framer ALARM The Carrier Sync alarm will activate when frequency synchronization has not been achieved between the RF link The 1 Mux Framer alarm will activate when synchronization between the 1 mux on each radio has not been achieved RECOMMENDED ACTION PossiBLE Cause SEE LIST BELOW The RF link is down etie enter 1 10 The RX power is below the 91 dbm threshold 1 4 7 10 The far end transmitter is off or is transmitting low power Los m ut om PR ERR Ee Do Reged 1 4 7 10 The RF path is not aligned 1 3 10 e Water is in the antenna feedhorn or connectors 1 4 Both units are set to the same frequency 5 10 Both units are not
14. ADR TRACER User s MANUAL SECTION 1 SECTION 2 CONTENTS PAGE TRACER DESCRIPTION ceres eene 1 INTRODUCTION Were ia 1 APPLICATIONS 2 ld etd nores e d oto ned 2 SPREAD SPECTRUM sese eee 2 CHANNEL SELECTION ccccceccecccccececessseseseseseeccecseees 3 FORWARD ERROR CORRECTION 4 ET OPERATION circo eto rn 4 TRACER SYSTEM CONFIGURATION eee eere 6 Baseband Processor or 6 VT 100 RS 232 Interface 8 Alarm Contacts oon erret teo ederent eene eaae eon 8 ESMAS 8 AG DG eee ore ae eae aie og 9 Controls and Indicators 9 Radio Frequency Convertor or RFC 11 Antenna Selection eese 13 A ns 15 UNPACK INSPECT lt sss3csecceecossacesevesdeovessoovesdssvveseosscsevs 15 RFC CONFIGURATION eee 15 RFC CONFIGURATION 15 INSTALLATION ceo a aos eee tee Pete stadt tei ec Poe deett 16 LOCATION AND MOUNTING eee 16 POWER REQUIREMENTS eese erre 16 GROUNDING eere eere eene nnne nennen eene 16 ET INYERFAGE 55 iie dad 18 DANK PUEANNINGS re ve o eee oe eres 19 SETTING THE TRANSMITTER POWER 22 SETTING THE F
15. REQUENCY 23 CONNECTING THE AND THE 24 APPLYING POWER 25 Automatic FREQUENCY PLAN eere 25 PAGE 61280004L1 1A 1A SPREADING CODE sese 25 Co Locatinc MULTIPLE 2 4 GHz SYSTEMS 25 ANTENNA ALIGNMENT 22scccccccesssceccecsscscecceesseecceeeeess 26 RE LOW eC 27 REMOTE BERT iie eire 27 ALARM CONTACTS esee eee eene eene nnne nnne nnn nennen 27 SECTION OPERATION 0s0sssssescesesceccecceceececesscsssecesesccecseceees 29 VT 100 USER INTERFACE eere 29 RS 232 INTERFACE eee 29 CABLE CONNECTIONS cesses eee nnne nnn 29 PASSWORD 30 MAIN MENU SELECTIONS eese errem 31 SECTION 4 TROUBLESHOOTING ssseecescecceceeccecececesseseseseeceecseees 37 GENERAL eter a eese vovv epe es este 37 PROBLEM DESCRIPTIONS AND RECOMMENDED ACTIONS 38 TROUBLESHOOTING USING THE FRONT PANEL INDICATORS 38 TROUBLESHOOTING Using THE VT 100 User INTERFACE 44 SECTION 5 SPECIFICATIONS 200ssseeeeeecececcecceccececesseseseseseecceceeces 49 RE TRANSMITTER cesssceccccsssssceccccsssssccececsssescceseness 49 RE RECEIVER sehen 49 FREQUENCY PLANS eese eee eene enne nnn 49 SPREAD SPECTRUM DATA PUMP
16. RFC A coaxial cable ADTRAN part number 3125RF0270A is provided for connecting the BBP to the RFC for the rackmount model Cable for connecting the BBP to a mastmount RFC must be provided by the customer after the length of the cable has been determined Pace 8 SECTION 1 61280004L1 1A AC DC Power The unit receives power via one of two connectors Power for the entire system is provided by these interfaces The 3 pin circular DIN connector is provided to connect an ADTRAN supplied desktop AC adapter providing 24 volts DC The three pin terminal block allows the connection of any DC power source providing between 21 and 60 volts DC The power consumption of the entire system is approximately 30 watts CONTROLS AND INDICATORS The system may be configured via the front panel which is accessible behind a drop down panel on the right half of the The front panel is illustrated in the figures below TRACER 1 SYSTEM ALM TESTO co LBK PLANA RF LOW POWERO PLANB LINK DOWN 105 008 Figure 1 6 BBP Front Panel with Door Closed RESET El PLAN REMOTE ERROR Figure 1 7 BBP Front Panel with Door Open 61280004L1 1A Pact 9 TRACER DESCRIPTION As a rule a green LED indicates a good situation a red LED indicates an error situation and a yellow LED indicates a configuration option LEDs indicating overall system integrity are listed below Self Test
17. TION Unscrew the cable assemblies from the ports labelled Tx and Rx on the RFC and the ports labelled 2421 and 2462 or J1 and J2 on some models on the diplexer depending on the frequency Plan Plan A or Plan B Unscrew the cable assembly from the port labelled Antenna on the diplexer Remove the four screws from the bottom of the RFC that hold the diplexer in place Turn the diplexer over revealing the opposite frequency plan from Plan A to Plan B or vice versa Realign the diplexer with the screw holes and replace the four screws that attach it to the bottom of the RFC Reattach the loose cable assembly from step 4 to the port labelled Antenna on the diplexer Reattach the cable assemblies from the ports labelled Tx and Rx on the and the ports labelled 2421 and 2462 or J1 and J2 on some models on the diplexer Cable connections should be aligned to each other as follows Plan A Tx 2421 Rx 2462 Plan B Tx 2462 Rx 2421 10 Replace and secure the RFC cover For mastmounted systems do the following to reconfigure the RFC interconnect ils 2 Remove the lid of the mast RFC Disconnect the three cables attached to the diplexer The diplexer may be identified by following the antenna connector to the middle connector of the diplexer Leave the cables in the same positions Remove the two screws securing the dipl
18. a link must be set to A and the other set to B This function is automatically set when the BBP is attached to the corresponding RFC Reset All Statistics resets all Performance History counters and timers Enable Disable Password enables or disables the Password feature Change Password allow the user to change the password Change Site ID allows a unique text identifier for each radio displayed at the top of each page 61280004L1 1A Remote Access Pace 37 OPERATION This allows access to the remote radio via the RF communications link When accessed the user will be able to identify remote mode by each screen titled Remote The remote menus are accessed via a 2400 bps link causing screen refresh to be slower than local mode All pages VT 100 terminal are displayed as if the user were connected to the at the remote end of the link Every screen that can be accessed at the local radio can be accessed at the remote radio via this option Remote Current System Status Elapsed Time 00 21 13 ADTRAN Technical Support 256 963 8716 Main menu ICI gt gt gt gt gt gt gt RF UP gt gt gt gt gt gt gt El S 1 S El IU lt lt lt lt lt lt RF UP U I Local Tracer Remote Tracer Freq Plan A Freq Plan B Tx Pwr Rx Pur Tx Pwr Rx Pur Max 1 X Nominal Max 1 X Nominal CJ x L1 x Es X Site
19. a transport can use the Tracer instead The figure below illustrates a typical application Antenna Antenna A HE 1 RF Cable Rackmount RFC IF Cable RF Cable TRACER TRACER VT 100 Baseband Baseband RS 232 Procesor a Rackmount RFC Terminal El EIE E1 Equipment E1 Equipment E1 Mastmounted RFC E1 Rackmounted RFC Figure 1 1 Typical Application The Tracer can be used in any application requiring that data be shared at a high rate of speed In addition to telephony applications Tracer can be used in data communications such as inter networking video conferencing and telemetry SPREAD SPECTRUM Spread spectrum is a form of communication in which the bandwidth of a message signal is intentionally increased or spread There are two methods of spreading frequency hopping and direct sequence Tracer employs direct sequence spread spectrum 61280004L1 1A Pace 3 Tracer DESCRIPTION Direct SEQUENCE A direct sequence transmitter spreads the signal by mixing the data with the output of a pseudorandom number generator which changes state at a rate higher than the data rate This rate is called the chipping rate The Tracer chipping rate is twelve times the data rate Many different pseudorandom sequences exist The sequences are called pseudorandom because although they appear noise like they are determinant and repeat after a specific number of chips The longe
20. al block DC Pace 52 61280004L1 1A GLOSSARY Acronyms Useo In Tuis MANUAL AM Alternate Mark Inversion BER Bit error rate Baseband Processor Channel associated signaling Common channel signaling Cyclic Redundancy Check Data Communications Equipment Data Terminal Equipment Frame Alignment Signal Federal Communications Commission Forward error correction High density bipolar of order 3 Intermediate Frequency Industrial Scientific and Medical Loopback Quadrature Phase Shift Keying Radio frequency Radio frequency converter Radio frequency converter link IF cable Received signal strength indicator Receive Ub depre Transmit Aprenon A CABLE CONNECTIONS The cable connections required for various configurations are detailed below TerminaL Connection DB25 Tracer DCE Terminal DTE Number Name Number Name PERSONAL COMPUTER CONNECTION DB9 Tracer DCE Computer DTE Number Name Number Name po TXD lt gt TXD RXD ee eee RXD N RTS E RTS D E CTS W i CTS dm DSR AZ DSR Pace 2 61280004L1 1A APPENDIX A Mopem Connection DB25 Tracer DCE Modem DCE Number Name Number Name PROBEN EIER TEN TXD BF ie RXD S dte RXD LM SES xum TXD 5 ss Seed CTS CTS u ee ee RTS DSR Ce 2 adde DTR Ground gt 7Ground E1 Network INTERFACE 15 Pin RJ48 Pin Function Pin Funct
21. e The RFC must be attached by way of the IF cable during this operation Attach an RF power meter to the N type antenna connector on the RFC and adjust the power by way of the potentiometer or VT 100 until the desired transmitter power is obtained For convenience the transmitter power adjustment should be made before the RFC is installed on the mast SETTING THE RFC Frequency PLAN The frequency plan designates on which frequencies the Tracer transmits and receives Plan A corresponds to a transmitting Tx frequency of 2421 MHz and a receive Rx frequency of 2462 MHz Plan B corresponds to a Tx frequency of 2462 MHz and a Rx frequency of 2421 MHz Shipment of a link consists of one RFC set to Plan A and the other set to Plan B unless specified otherwise The RFC plan can however be changed in the field if required This procedure involves configuring the RFC interconnect cables For rackmounted systems do the following to reconfigure the RFC interconnect 1 Remove the four screws which retain the RFC cover and remove the cover 2 The RF unit may be identified by following the connection from the port labelled IF on the rear of the RFC This connection terminates at the RF unit The diplexer may be identified by following the connection from the Antenna port on the rear of the RFC This connection terminates at the diplexer illustrated in the figure below Figure 2 2 Diplexer Pace 24 61280004L1 1A INSTALLA
22. e 3 1 Current System Status Page 61280004L1 1A Pace 31 OPERATION The upper portion of the screen indicates how long the system has been running since the last reset operation The El label will be highlighted if any error conditions exist on that 1 interface The status of the radio link is indicated as Up or Down The left portion of the screen reports the status of the local system the system to which the terminal is attached the right portion reports the status of the remote system The approximate transmitter and receiver signal levels are shown via the fuel gauges If the link is down and remote end data is unavailable the fuel gauges will show instead of x The RFC Link Code Sync Carrier Sync and El Link status will all report yes if the link is operational Chipping code indicates the code to which the system is set At any point in the VI 100 menu structure press the Escape key to return to this screen Main Menu Pace Pressing M on any screen will take the user to the Main Menu from which the subsequent screens can be accessed TRACER Main Menu Rev A Site Adtran 1 E1 Status Page 2 Link Performance History 3 E1 Performance History 4 Alarm Page 5 Test Menu 6 Configuration Menu 7 Remote Access Ss Press ESC for System Status gt Figure 3 2 Main Menu Page Pace 32 61280004L1 1A Section 3 E1 Status Pace The status of the
23. e most recent days TRACER El Performance History 24 Hour Registers ES SES 00000 00000 Site Current Adtran T 2 15 Minute Regist 5 5 5 5 000 000 000 000 N ers ES SES Figure 3 5 El Performance History Page Pace 34 61280004L1 1A SECTION 3 ALARM PAGE This screen presents alarm information for the system The El alarm is described in the chapter entitled Troubleshooting If any of the El alarms are active a minor alarm will be indicated at the alarm contacts The RF link alarm will be activated when communication between the BBP and the RFC has failed Code Sync Carrier Sync and Link Sync alarms indicate that various portions of the spread spectrum data pump are not operating Any of these alarms will cause a major alarm to be activated at the alarm contacts An RX Remote Alarm is an indication alarm from the receive portion of the circuit to indicate that a failure has occurred in the receive direction RX Carrier Loss and RX Loss of Sync indicate the 1 has lost sync TRACER Alarm Page Site Adtran Code Sync Alarm Off Carrier Sync Alarm Off Link Sync Alarm Off Rx Remote Alarm Off Rx Carrier Loss Off Rx Loss of Sync Off N m Main menu 77 Figure 3 6 Alarm Page 61280004L1 1A Pace 35 OPERATION Test Menu This screen allows each 1 to be put into loopback mode f TRACER Test Men
24. e path loss is given by Loss dB 96 6 20 log 20log D 1 609344 where D is distance in kilometers fis operating frequency in GHz A tabulation of various path loss is given below Link Distance Path Loss Link Distance Path Loss in km in dB in km in dB PATH AVAILABILITY The availability of a path can be expressed by 61280004L1 1A INSTALLATION availability 1 C x T x 2 5 x 10 x f x D x 1 609344 x 10 F x 10096 where C is the climate factor T is the terrain factor f is the frequency in GHz D is the path length in kilometers F is the fade margin in dB Climate factors are given below Climate Climate Factor Very Dry Je Temperate A Humid Terrain factors are listed below Terrain Terrain Factor Smooth 4 Average 1 Mountainous Y The nominal received signal level is 60 dBm For help in link planning use the path loss calculation worksheet below 91 dBm Minimum Signal Power Transmitter Feedline Loss Transmitter Antenna Gain Path Loss Receiver Antenna Gain Receiver Feedline Loss Required Fade Margin dBm Transmitter Power Setting 61280004L1 1A Pace 23 SECTION 2 SETTING THE TRANSMITTER Power The transmitter power is set by way of a two position momentary toggle switch on the front panel of the BBP or via the configuration page of the VT 100 interfac
25. er on the other hand implements forward error correction FEC which adds enough overhead data for the receiver to detect and correct errors in the data stream This capability comes at the cost of bandwidth The addition of FEC decreases the required signal to noise S N ratio by approximately 5 5 dB to achieve a given bit error rate BER INTERFACE The El interface conforms to the ITU G 703 and G 704 electrical and signaling interface recommendations Two interfacing configurations are allowed a pair of BNC coaxial connectors or a 15 pin sub D connector and RJ48 connector The coaxial connection provides a 759 unbalanced connection The shield of the TX coaxial connection is attached to earth ground A strap is provided to optionally connect the shield of the RX coaxial connection to ground as described in G 703 The 15 pin sub D and RJ48 connection provides a 1200 balanced connection 61280004L1 1A Pace 5 TRACER DESCRIPTION Tracer System CONFIGURATION A Tracer system is composed of three major subsystems a baseband processor a radio frequency convertor and an antenna The following section describes the system components BasrBAND Processor BBP The baseband processor or BBP is a 1 U 515 mm rackmountable unit This unit provides the system electrical interfaces user controls and indicators and performs the spread spectrum processing for the system The front panel provides all of the electrical interface poi
26. er back for repair or for verification of damage during shipment Before beginning installation verify that all of the following components are present RFC CONFIGURATION Provided by ADTRAN Baseband processor Rackmounted RFC BBP to RFC IF interconnect cable Provided by customer Antenna feedline cable Antenna and mounting hardware VT 100 terminal and RS 232 interface cable optional 21 to 60 volt DC power source available from ADTRAN either polarity referenced to ground MasrMOUNTED RFC CONFIGURATION Provided by ADTRAN Baseband processor Mastmounted RFC Pace 16 61280004L1 1A Section 2 Provided by customer El interface cables Antenna feedline cable Antenna and mounting hardware BBP to mastmounted RFC IF interconnect cable VT 100 terminal and RS 232 interface cable optional 2 to 56 volt DC power source available from ADTRAN either polarity referenced to ground INSTALLATION Location AND MOUNTING Install the Tracer in a location that requires minimal antenna feedline length the loss in this cable directly affects overall system performance The BBP is designed to be mounted in a rack above the RFC Although no space is needed between the units certain regulations may require at least 19 05 mm 75 of space above and below the BBP Power REQUIREMENTS The Tracer can operate from a supply between 21 and 56 volts DC wit
27. exer and rotate the diplexer to reveal the opposite frequency plan label Reinstall the two screws and reattach the cables in the same positions Reinstall the lid of the mast RFC 61280004L1 1A Pace 25 Section 2 THE BBP THE RFC The BBP and the RFC are connected by an IF cable either supplied by ADTRAN for rackmount assembly or by the customer for mastmount assembly This single connection provides everything the RFC requires The cable assembly attaches to the ports labeled IF on the BBP and the RFC APPLYING Power If the ADTRAN supplied tabletop power source is used simply plug it into the circular receptacle located in the DC Power area on the rear of the BBP If a source of 21 to 60 volts DC 30 watts either polarity referenced to ground is available it may be attached to the terminal block located on the rear of the BBP The positive lead should be attached to the side of the block and the negative lead should be attached to the side of the block CAUTION Power sources must not be attached to both the circular connector and the terminal blocks at the same time or damage will occur Automatic BBP Frequency PLAN Upon the initial application of power the BBP will default to the factory preset Frequency Plan or to the Frequency Plan determined by the cable configuration of the RFC The LED will indicate which frequency plan is active On subsequent reboo
28. f inactivity on the terminal The default configuration is No password Password protection is enabled via the configuration menu The password is also set via the configuration menu If the password is forgotten physical access to Tracer is required to access the terminal interface The password may be bypassed by holding in the LPBK button while the system is rebooted This will bring up the terminal interface and allow the password to be changed or disabled via the configuration screen CAUTION This procedure is service affecting Main Menu SELECTIONS System Status PAGE This page displays the status of major system components This is a status screen only no configurations can be performed More detailed information can be obtained by way of the Main Menu A Current System Status N Elapsed Time 00 06 07 ADTRAN Technical Support 256 963 8716 ICI gt gt gt gt gt gt gt RF UP gt gt gt gt gt gt gt El S I C 1 S El IU lt lt lt lt lt lt RF UP lt lt lt lt lt lt lt U I Local Tracer Remote Tracer Freq Plan A Freq Plan B Tx Pwr Rx Pur Tx Pwr Rx Pwr Max X Nominal Max 1 X Nominal CJ pa L1 x 1 X Site Adtran CJ pa EA X RFC Link Up Yes X X X Code Sync Yes x X IX Carrier Sync Yes x X El Link Sync Yes X Chipping Code 9 Figur
29. h either polarity referenced to ground and consumes 30 watts Amperage is determined by dividing the wattage 30 by the input voltage i e 30 watts 48 volts 625 amps 61280004L1 1A Pace 17 INSTALLATION GROUNDING The following grounding instructions are derived from the Underwriters Laboratory UL 1459 Standard for Safety Telephone Equipment dated September 20 1993 An equipment grounding conductor that is no smaller in size than the ungrounded branch circuit supply conductors is to be installed as part of the circuit that supplies the product or system Bare covered or insulated grounding conductors are acceptable Individually covered or insulated equipment grounding conductors shall have a continuous outer finish that is either green or green with one or more yellow stripes The equipment grounding conductor is to be connected to ground at the service equipment The attachment plug receptacles in the vicinity of the product or system are all to be of a grounding type and the equipment grounding conductors serving these receptacles are to be connected to earth ground at the service equipment A supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall be installed between the product or system and ground that is in addition to the equipment grounding conductor in the power supply cord The supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall not be smaller in size than the undergrounded branch circuit supply conductors The supp
30. iate transmitter power must be calculated as part of the link planning The factors that must be taken into account when planning a link are optimal received signal level transmitter power antenna feedline loss each end antenna gain each end free space path loss and required fade margin IMPORTANT The optimal signal level for the receiver is 60 dBm ANTENNA FEEDLINE Loss Feedline loss is a function of feedline type and length Feedline loss per 30 48 meters for several types of coax at IF and RF frequencies is detailed in the table below The IF loss applies to BBP RFC interconnection and the RF loss applies to RFC antenna interconnection Cable manufacturers specifications may vary IF Loss 30 48 m RF Loss 30 48 m Cable in dB in dB EA ek DW 80 RGS EIERN TEE EEE 20 RG8 foam Det bes ON he eG Ba Seat 9 Waveguide VA 5 91 Y Waveguide SEE 5 76 Waveguide ORe E EAA 3 83 Waveguide DAA RE 2312 1 Y Waveguide 0E S betta 1 62 1 Waveguide On 1 41 61280004L1 1A Pace 21 INSTALLATION ANTENNA GAIN Best performance will result from the use of a parabolic dish antenna Antenna gain is determined by the size of the dish with typical figures detailed below Dish manufacturers will be able to supply gains for other types of antenna Dish Diameter Gain in cm Loss The free spac
31. ion 1 1 Out ring 1 El Out ring 2 Frame ground 2 El Out tip 3 El In ring 3 4 Frame ground 4 El In ring 5 5 El In tip 6 6 N C 7 N C 7 8 N C 8 9 El Out tip 10 N C 11 El In tip 12 13 14 15
32. lementary equipment grounding conductor shall be connected to the product at the terminal provided and shall be connected to ground in a manner that will retain the ground connection when the product is unplugged from the receptacle The connection to ground of the supplementary equipment grounding conductor shall be in compliance with the rules for terminating bonding jumpers at Part K or Article 250 of the National Electrical Code ANSI NFPA 70 Termination of the supplementary equipment grounding conductor is permitted to be made to building steel to a metal electrical raceway system or to any grounded item that is permanently and reliably connected to the electrical service equipment ground Bare covered or insulated grounding conductors are acceptable A covered or insulated grounding conductor shall have a continuous outer finish that is either green or green with one or more yellow stripes Pace 18 Section 2 61280004L1 1A The supplemental equipment grounding terminals are located on the rear of the BBP adjacent to the power connectors and on the rear of the rackmounted RFC The mastmounted RFC has a ground lug mounted on the installation bracket E1 INTERFACE The El interface conforms to ITU G 703 and G 704 electrical and signaling interface recommendations Two interfacing configurations are available A 750 unbalanced BNC coaxial connector 1200 balanced 15 pin connector RJ 48 with the pinouts shown
33. nna Check the IF and RF cables for shorts Check the connections inside the mast mount or rack mount RFC Replace the RFC DSN US Pace 44 61280004L1 1A Section 4 TROUBLESHOOTING Using THE 1 00 User INTERFACE This section provides information for troubleshooting the Alarm Menu on the VT 100 user interface The conditions present in the Alarm Menu are software indications and should match the front panel LED indications RF Link ALARM or Cope Sync ALARM The RF Link Alarm will activate when the link is down or not operational The Code Sync Alarm will activate when data synchronization has not been achieved between the RF link RECOMMENDED ACTION PossiBLE CAUSE SEE LIST BELOW The RP link is dowits set 1 10 The RX power is below the 91 dbm threshold 1 4 7 10 The far end transmitter is off or is transmitting low POW ED x iecit enero Bes en 1 4 7 10 The RF path is not aligned 1 3 10 e Water is in the antenna feedhorn or connectors 1 4 Both units are set to the same frequency 9 10 Both units are not set to the same PN code 6 The connection between the BBP and the RFC is faulty 1 7 10 The connection between the RFC and the antenna is faulty 1 7 10 The BBP or RFC is faulty 10 RECOMMENDED ACTIONS 1 Check the RX power using the VT
34. nnections inside the mast mount or rack mount 0 Replace the RFC o0 Xo is This alarm will activate when a software or manual T1 loopback has been established RECOMMENDED ACTION PossiBLE Cause SEE LIST BELOW A loopback has been commanded from the VT 100 user interface unse e PR dede 1 2 The LBK button has been pressed 1 2 RECOMMENDED ACTIONS 1 Through the VT 100 user interface deactivate the loopback in the Loopback Menu 2 Press the LBK button to deactivate the loopback No Power Light RECOMMENDED ACTION PossiBLE CAUSE SEE LIST BELOW lt DC voltage is not applied cen nte te ed 1 2 4 The polarity of the power connection is 2 The AC transformer is not functioning properly 3 4 The AC transformer is not connected to the DC jack on the BBP or not connected to AC outlet 3 4 RECOMMENDED ACTIONS 1 Verify that the DC voltage is between 21 56 VDC 2 Verify that negative voltage is applied to the negative terminal and positive voltage applied to the positive terminal 3 Verify that the Power light is lit on the AC transformer 4 Verify that the AC transformer is connected to an AC power cord on the transformer and connected to the DC jack on the BBP Verify Pace 42 Section 4 61280004L1 1A that the AC power cord is c
35. nts El interface VI 100 compatible terminal alarm contacts IF signal and DC power from facility or optional AC adapter The BBP front and rear panels are illustrated in the figures below Figure 1 3 BBP Figure 1 4 BBP Rear Pane Pace 6 SEcTION 1 RS 232 lt gt _UART Baseband Processor Board DSP 61280004L1 1A A block diagram of the BBP is shown in the figure below c cc lt gt Data Viterbi i E ds E1 i E1 Multiplexer Encoder j n le Decoder pi A 1 Fc 140 MHz Filter lt 1 70 MHz IF Interface Board 21 56 gt Figure 1 5 BBP Block Diagram VT 100 RS 232 INTERFACE An RS 232 interface is provided via a 25 pin D connector for attaching a VI 100 compatible terminal The active signals used on this interface are listed below Signal Name Pin Number Source Receive Data Terminal Modem Transmit Data Tracer Request to Send Terminal Modem Clear to Send Deed Tracer Data Set Ready Outta Tracer Signal Ground 7 61280004L1 1A Pace 7 TRACER DESCRIPTION The management system allows the 1 interface to be provisioned The line c
36. ode can be selected as AMI or HDB3 The signaling can be selected as channel associated signaling CAS or common channel signaling CCS Alarm conditions can also be monitored The management system will report the following alarms on the 1 interface Loss of signal Bipolar violation CRC error Framing error Remote alarm A seven day error history of the El interface and radio link is also provided Fifteen minute histories are provided for the most recent eight hours of operation The status of the microwave link can also be monitored from the management system The transmitter power setting as well as an indication of the received microwave signal level are provided ALARM CONTACTS Two classes of alarm MAJOR and MINOR are provided MAJOR alarm is signaled if for any reason the microwave path is not operational A MINOR alarm is signaled when the data path is operating but impaired A minor alarm will be activated when an alarm is sensed on the El interface or when the received RF signal level falls below approximately 80 dBm Both normally open and normally closed contacts are provided for each alarm class Access is provided by a six position terminal strip on the front of the baseband processor IF SIGNAL The Type N Connector provides the interface point between the baseband processor and the radio frequency converter RFC This connection provides the signal power and configuration information to the
37. onnected to an AC outlet Verify that the AC outlet has proper AC voltage present TEST LIGHT IS LIT OR BLINKING The test alarm will remain on solid during power up indicating a self test is in progress The light will flash or remain on solid if the self test fails RECOMMENDED ACTION PossiBLE Cause SEE LIST BELOW e One flash interval indicates a RAM test failure 1 Two flash interval indicates the T1 C mux failed internal test o eda aes es p mI ra 1 Three flash interval indicates the El framer failed 1 e Five flash interval indicates a DSP failure 1 e On solid indicates a faulty internal component 1 RECOMMENDED ACTIONS 1 Replace the BBP or the RFC TST LIGHT IS LIT AFTER PRESSING REMOTE TEST BUTTON The Remote Test light will activate during a remote test in progress The Remote Test performs a 10 second bit error rate test BERT over the RF link to the far end RECOMMENDED ACTION PossiBLE Cause SEE LIST BELOW A Remote Test has been activated from the front panel Remote Test button or the VT 100 user A tr etum ete 1 RECOMMENDED ACTIONS 1 Allow the remote test to complete If the Remote Test Fail light does not activate the remote test passed If the Remote Test Fail light activates see section on FAIL light is lit after pressing Remote Test button 6128000411 1 Pace 43
38. operational Proper operation can be determined by the status of the LINK DOWN LED If this LED is on the link is not operational If this LED is not on the link is operating Certain types of interference can cause one end ofa path to operate and the other end to fail In some instances this may be corrected by swapping the frequency plan at each end thus avoiding the interference if it is stronger at one end than the other Changing the spreading code at each end may also allow interference to be mitigated Remote BERT The Tracer includes a Bit Error Rate Tester BERT to verify that the installed system is operating correctly When the Remote Test button is pushed on the local BBP the remote end will send aBERT pattern for approximately ten seconds The Remote TST indicator will turn yellow and remain on for the duration of the test If no bit errors are detected the Remote TST indicator will turn off If any bit errors are detected the Remote Fail indicator will turn red This test should be run after the radio link has been aligned If the test fails refer to Section 4 Troubleshooting for guidance Pace 28 61280004L1 1A INSTALLATION ALARM CONTACTS Two classes of alarm MAJOR and MINOR are provided A MAJOR alarm is signaled when the microwave path is not operational A MINOR alarm is activated when any of the following conditions are detected at one of the El interfaces Loss of Signal
39. or mastmountable weatherproof enclosure The REC is illustrated below Figure 1 8 Module Three SMA connectors located on the RFC module provide RE and IF connection points A test point is provided for monitoring the received signal strength indicator RSSI The voltage relative to the GND test point present on this test point represents the level of the received signal This signal is used to align the antenna when installing the system and to verify the link is performing as designed Another test point is provided to monitor the transmitter output power during system configuration The only connections that must be made in the field are a coax connection between the baseband processor and the RFC and a coax connection between the RFC and the antenna These connections require male type N coax connectors ThelF connector provides the connection between the baseband processor and the rackmounted or mastmounted RFC An 8 IF cable ADTRAN part 4 3125RF02762A is provided for rackmount systems TheTO ANTENNA connection provides the connection between the RFC and the antenna 61280004L1 1A Pace 13 TRACER DESCRIPTION gt gt gt SAW gt gt LPF Splitter i i E 2018 333 x 2058 AGC T lt al H Splitter lt lt 2321
40. r a code is the better correlation characteristics it possesses These traits allow multiple spread spectrum systems to operate in the presence of one another with minimal interference if they are operating with different sequences The Tracer allows the selection of one of ten different 120 bit long sequences CHANNEL SELECTION There is 83 5 MHz of spectrum in the 2 4 GHz band in which Tracer operates A Tracer system fully uses the available bandwidth transmitting in one half and receiving in the other The figure below illustrates the bandwidth division 2400 MHz 2441 MHz 2483 5 MHz Figure 1 2 Bandwidth Division Pace 4 SECTION 1 61280004L1 1A The transmitter at one end of a link will transmit in the lower half of the spectrum Consequently the receiver at the other end will receive in the lower half of the band and transmit in the upper half Thus a system will operate in one of two frequency plans transmit in the upper and receive in the lower or vice versa These two plans are called Plan A and Plan B One end of a path will be on Plan A and the other will be on Plan B Shipment of a link will consist of an A and a B unless specified otherwise FORWARD Error CORRECTION E1 With the addition of overhead data error detection and correction capability can be added to a data stream Error correction can be accomplished by allowing the receiver to request the re transmission of an errored block once detected The Trac
41. sually the incoming El line on the back of the Tracer A blinking light on the ALM indicates there is a problem on a remote El A machine sending an EI to the Tracer is connected to has a local failure When a unit has a local failure it sends out a signal on the El lines going out from it saying there is a failure When 192 consecutive zeroes are detected at the E1 interface the ALM LED will light The remote Tracer will transmit an AIS on the effected El to indicate an error When an El interface receives a Remote Alarm the ALM LED will blink The Tracer at the remote end will pass the Remote Alarm though on the effected El When an El interface receives an AIS the ALM LED will light continuously The remote El will transmit the AIS signal CV CRC is a light that will blink when there is a Code Violation CV related to Bipolar Violations usually or a CRC4 error on the incoming El El s can have a crc error checking signal mixed in the signalling bits First thing they should do if this comes on however is to be sure that the El s connected to the Tracer really do have the CRC4 signalling bits turned on If there is any question about this then CRC4 checking on the dip switches should be turned off which will simply ignore any CRC bits LOS is a Loss Of Signal meaning the Tracer is receiving no El signal on the El RX port OOF means Out Of Frame error meaning we have lost framing synch When the RF link is down an AIS will
42. ter s interfering with the co located receiver s This equipment is authorized under CFR 47 Part 15 247 With this authorization by the FCC this equipment shall not be co located with a similar transmitter that transmits identical information ANTENNA ALIGNMENT After the transmitter power for each end has been adjusted and the BBP and RFC have been installed and connected the antenna should be connected to the RFC via the feedline The antennas should be aimed toward one another as precisely as possible and the received signal strength indicator RSSI voltage measured The RSSI voltage is a function of the signal strength at the receiver and is used to measure the received signal strength RSSI varies approximately from 0 to 4 volts with 0 volts corresponding to a weaker received signal and 4 volts corresponding to a stronger received signal 61280004L1 1A Pace 27 Section 2 RF Low The RF Low LED indicates that the received signal is within 10dB of the minimum received signal strength 80 dBm If this indicator is on the link performance may be marginal The antennas should be peaked in azimuth and elevation until the desired signal level is achieved RSSI may be monitored on either the RF unit or the front of the BBP If the received signal is too strong and RSSI reaches a maximum such that the peak cannot be discerned then the transmitter on the far end should be turned down At this point the radio link should be
43. ts such as after a loss of power the BBP will default to the most recently used Plan setting SPREADING CODE The spreading code for each end must be the same The choice of operating code is selectable by the operator or the installer Tracer is shipped in a matched default configuration Pace 26 61280004L1 1A INSTALLATION Co Locating 2 4 GHz Systems When multiple 2 4 GHz transmitters are to be co located installed in the same equipment room or on the same tower it is advised to set all systems as follows 1 Ifmore than one 2 4 GHz system is transmitting from the same location set the antenna polarity of one system horizontal and the other system s vertical The antennas should be marked as to which mounting position is vertical or horizontal This will provide approximately 30 dB of isolation between the different antennas 2 If more than one Tracer system is installed set the co located transmitters to the same frequency plan example Plan A Tx 2421 or Plan B Tx 2462 and set each to a different spreading code This keeps the transmitters on the additional system s from interfering with the co located receiver s 3 Ifthe systems are from different manufacturers set the transmit frequencies as close as possible with different spreading codes Other manufacturers may not use the exact frequency plans as the Tracer system but keeping the frequencies close will reduce the probability of the transmit
44. u N Site Adtran 1 Local E1 Line Loopback 2 Local E1 Link Loopback 3 Remote E1 Link Loopback Figure 3 7 Test Menu Each menu selection is described below l Loops the local El interface towards the local customer equipment 2 Loops the local El interface towards the remote customer equipment over the RF link 3 Loops the remote El interface towards the local customer equipment over the RF link 1 1 2 RFLink 3 1 Local Remote Figure 3 8 El Loopback Locations Pace 36 61280004L1 1A SECTION 3 This screen allows all system configurations to be performed TRACER Configuration Menu Site Adtran 1 E1 Signaling 2 E1 Line Code 3 E1 CRC Detection 4 Set Chipping Code 5 Set TX Power 6 Set Freq Plan 7 Reset all statistics 8 Enable Disable Password 9 Change Password 10 Change Site ID Figure 3 9 Configuration Menu The menu selections are described below El Framing allows each El to be configured for CAS or CS framing El Line Code allows each El to be configured for AMI or HDB3 El CRC Detection enables or disables CRC4 detection Set Chipping Code allows the chipping code to be selected Each end of the link must be configured for the same chipping code Set Tx Power allows the transmitter power to be adjusted Set Freq Plan manually allows the frequency plan to be set to A or B One end of
45. vate when the RF link is not operational RECOMMENDED ACTION PossiBLE CAUSE SEE LIST BELOW The RF link is down aa aes 1 10 The RX power is below the 91 dbm threshold 1 4 7 10 The far end transmitter is off or is transmitting LOW DOWEL neret mv s 1 4 7 10 The RF path is not aligned sse 1 2 10 e Water is in the antenna feedhorn or connectors 1 4 Both units are set to the same frequency 5 10 Both units are not set to the same PN code The connection between the BBP and the RFC is 1 7 10 The connection between the RFC and the antenna is faulty tens en are 1 7 10 The BBP or is faulty 10 RECOMMENDED ACTIONS 1 2 Check the RX power using the VT 100 user interface or RSSI voltage Check the far end transmitter for operation and proper transmit power Check the RF path using a spectrum analyzer or RSSI voltages for proper alignment Have path professionally re aligned and check system path engineering Check the antenna feedhorn and all outdoor connections for water 6128000411 1 Pace 41 TROUBLESHOOTING 5 Change the frequency of one radio through the VT 100 user interface or front panel button Set both units to the same PN code Check all connections between the BBP the RFC and the antenna Check the IF and RF cables for shorts Check the co
46. voltage supplying RF power System ground 61280004L1 1A Pace 11 TRACER DESCRIPTION Non VOLATILE MEMORY The Tracer system contains non volatile memory to retain certain configuration settings These settings include Frequency plan Chipping code if set from VT 100 Password Password enabling Site name El line coding if set from VT 100 El framing if set from VT 100 4 Tests The Tracer has several features to aid in site setup and later debugging These diagnostics include El loopbacks and a link test with BERT Bit Error Rate Test data A link test is performed by pressing the test button The remote unit will then send a pseudorandom data pattern and the local end will compute a BER After the conclusion of the test the remote end will automatically be instructed to terminate the pattern generation If any bit errors are introduced the Remote Test Fail LED will illuminate Pace 12 SECTION 1 61280004L1 1A Rapio FREQUENCY CONVERTER The radio frequency converter REC provides the radio frequency RF interface between the baseband processor and the antenna The is partitioned functionally into two major components the transmitter and the receiver The major connections illustrated are transmit signal receive signal and the IF signal connection The RFC unit is enclosed in a metal enclosure approximately 26 7cm x 14cm x 2 5cm and is mounted in a 515 mm rackmountable housing
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