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Catalogo Fisica Altay 1-40_r02.qxp

1. SCIENTIFIC PHYSICS SYSTEMS Electrostatics Electrostatics System Specifications 4865 10 Size 73 x 50 x 16 cm Weight approx 5 5 kg ee uty goo ee y Packing ABS plastic carry case with foam inserts A qualitative and quantitative overview of the concepts of electrostatics Equipment suggested Electrostatics Charge Sensor code 2313 10 System in its case LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 The Electrostatics System introduces basic concepts of electrostatics and provides a good basis for understanding and quantitatively assessing electrostatics A full set of accessories are supplied to study charge by friction conduction and induction fe Components e Leaf Electroscope 4625 50 e Hollow sphere 4627 80 e Conductive sphere 4627 60 Pith Ball Electroscope 4625 00 e Neon Tube 4627 90 e Reel of nylon filament 25 m 4620 90 e Polyethylene strip 4620 31 e Wire stirrup to support items 4612 50 e Wool cloth 4620 40 e Silk cloth 4620 50 e Glass rod 4620 10 Full set of materials eee pee for electrostatics arlene ee siocimenis e Electrophorus disk with handle 4621 11 e Proof plane with handle 4627 22 e Polyethylene tile 4621 14 e Faraday s Well 4627 50 e Aluminium can 2x 4627 23 Q Hollow sphere conductive sphere pith ball electroscope and Volta s N Laws and principles investigated electrophorus e Charging by conduction
2. Detail of the elastic collision between cart and bumper Velocity vs time graph of the same system xia Linear Fit For Latest Wolocity y mi b m Slope 02614 m ais b Intercept 0 6738 m s Correlation 3960 Velocity ms aa Lingar Fit For Latest Velocity b Y Intercept 0 5759 m s Correlation 0 3865 oO 0 5 mi b j m Slapa 0 2420 migis l j Tine 3 dx 0 95 dy 0004 10 DALTAY SCIENTIFIC PHYSICS SYSTEMS Mechanics Experiment e esse cece rere eee ee ee ee ee eee eee eee ee eee eee eee eee eee eee ees Impulse momentum theorem Experimental verification of the theorem Using the Altay Mechanics System 2 we can induce a collision between two carts The carts experience a force for a given amount of time resulting in its mass undergoing a change in velocity Another way of expressing this is to say that this results in a Change of momentum a An example of how to assemble the experiment Py mie ED f J y 7 There are four physical quantities which can be investigated force time mass and velocity Vi s2 change The force multiplied by the time is known as the impulse and the mass multiplied by i the velocity change is known as the change in momentum The impulse experienced by the cart is always equal to the change in its momentum This can be approximated as follows F A f __ Ay m Impulse momentum theor
3. To learn more about Altay visit altayscientific com Headquarters Via Tuscolana 242 00046 Grottaferrata Rome Italy Tel 39 06 945 501 Fax 39 06 945 50015 info altayscientific com Poland Warsaw lreland Dublin 5 USA Clark NJ Altay Ireland Ltd Unit 2 Johnston Business Park Athlone Road Longford Co Longford Phone 353 43 36 685 Fax 353 43 36 687 info altayscientific ie www altayscientific ie Altay Scientific USA Inc 67 Walnut Avenue Suite 207 Clark New Jersey 07066 USA Phone 1 732 381 4380 Fax 1 732 381 4381 info altayscientificusa com Printed April 2008 e Romania Bucharest ITALY Rome gt a Tripoli Oke e China Shangai Altay Rep Office Altay Scientific Romania 35 Alexandru Constantinescu Street Bucharest Romania Phone 40 21 225 00 60 Fax 40 21 225 00 61 info altay ro www altay ro Altay East Europe Sp z 0 0 ul Mtynarska 7 01 205 Warszawa Poland Phone 48 22 331 82 29 Fax 48 22 331 82 30 info altayeasteurope pl www altayeasteurope pl Copyright 2008 Altay Scientific SpA Italy Unauthorized reproduction and publication is strictly forbidden Altay Scientific S p A Headquarters Via Tuscolana 242 00046 Grottaferrata Rome Italy Tel 39 06 945 501 Fax 39 06 945 50015 info altayscientific com www altayscientific com
4. Strobo light over the Newton s Disk Specifications Size 10 x 15 cm dia x height Weight approx 250 g Mounted on base Invented by Sir William Crooke the vanes in the highly effective radiometer rotate when exposed to solar radiation The cause for this rotation can open up much debate for which students should be encouraged to develop their own explanations Some will state that the device relies upon the difference in absorption of impulse between the black and metal vanes Others may think there is a difference in temperature of the vanes This device has been designed with black vanes that absorb electromagnetic radiation and reflective metal vanes Students need also remember that black painted sides getwarmer than metallic ones Ww Laws and principles investigated e Energy conversion Investigate light reflection using a light sensor 91 O QALTAY SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Optics Specifications Optical Bench Deluxe Edition Optical Bench length 116 cm 4417 50 A complete set for exploring geometrical optics The Altay s Optical Bench Deluxe Edition allows the student to investigate a wide variety of optical phenomena These include reflection lens theory polarization interference diffraction and optical instruments fe Components 4417 50 001 6x W108A1 e Optical bench e Slider for holders 92 Optical Bench with Accessories Deluxe Edition e Slide
5. rie M Crafted for your world A ALTAY Crafted for your world SCIENTIFI NEW Altay s Production Plant in Suzhou China Altay s Manufacturing Facility and Warehouse in San Cesareo Italy R amp D Physics Dept from left to right Francesco Cardarelli F Zambolin M Pontesilli M Corio Fabrizio Cardarelli L Cozzi F Cordella ABOUT ALTAY Since 1938 Altay Scientific has been a leading company in the global market for science and medical education equipment sold through an extensive network of authorized dealer and partners Today Altay operates in five continents employing more than 300 people Altay produces high quality and affordable physics and chemistry equipment anatomical models medical simulators and microscope slides OUR MISSION The search for knowledge is a need that comes from human nature To satisfy this need is to overcome the social economic and intellectual differences that can only divide us Our mission is to develop and market innovative user friendly and affordable products or Instruments of Knowledge to allow and facilitate this search for knowledge Altay will continue to support technology development improving goods and services maximizing a humanistic vision of society and progress In pursuing our corporate goals we will adhere to the most rigorous professional ethics regarding every aspect of our business We will be part of and reinvest in all the c
6. Laboratory Jack 5406 30 34 Specifications 10 x 10 cm 4 5 14 cm height code 5406 30 15 x 15 cm 5 5 26 cm height code 5406 32 20 x 20 cm 6 29 5 cm height code 5406 34 The laboratory jacks are designed with strength precision safety easy handling stability and resistance to chemical aggression in mind They can be used as ideal supports for precise vertical adjustment of laboratory equipment hot plates baths flasks and other glassware in general Bosshead This Bosshead is the simplest solution to clamp 10 mm diameter rods Made of hard PVC is inexpensive but really durable 139 GENERAL ACCESSORIES Laboratory General Accessories Squared Bosshead 5401 23 ABS plastic Only one securing screw for simultaneous clamping of two pairs of rods 10 mm diameter at 90 This item is specifically designed to be used with the multiuse Universal Base code 5405 70 for a quick set up of experimental environment Rods 5408 81 L350 L1000 Swivel Bosshead ABS plastic Only one securing screw for simultaneous clamping and varying inclination of two rods 10 mm diameter This item is specifically designed to be used with the multiuse Universal Base code 5405 70 for a quick set up of an experimental environment Specifications Length 35 cm Length 50 cm Length 100 cm code 5408 81 L350 code 5408 81 L500 code 5408 81 L1000 Altay offers a wide range of support
7. ae a Ei Ap am 12 ry With LoggerPro it is possible to compare experimental data with theoretical predictions In the above plot the theoretical centrifugal force red line is compared with the actual experimental data blue line e Date and time stamps for long term collection e User adjustable parameters for total control over calculations e Double y axis graphs for plotting unlike units on the same graph e Collect data from multiple LabPros Go devices or Ohaus balances e Synchronize videos to sensor data e Easy unit switching e Log graphs e Auto save feature to protect data during long collections 121 Packages Physics Data Logging Packages Three levels of data logging for different levels of study Starter Bundle code 2300 61 The ideal starter package for data logging in physics The bundle consists of a LabPro Interface with a voltage sensor motion detector dual range force sensor and microphone Standard Bundle code 2300 62 Great companion for the study of Kinematics experiments including motion and momentum Also included is a sound sensor for determination of sound wave experiments plus a light sensor for optics We also include the Low g Accelerometer so that students can gain an understanding into g forces Deluxe Bundle code 2300 63 Our advanced bundle allows for over fifty different experiments in kinematics optics electricity magnetism thermodyn
8. SINGLE ITEMS Thermodynamics Convection Apparatus SAPPAY Tubular chamber to visualize convection motions Gentle heating one of the lower corners of the tube creates convection currents in the liquid The currents are demonstrated by the addition of a small amount of potassium permanganate crystals or food colorant Expansion of Liquids Apparatus Discover the relative coefficient of expansion of different liquids easily it ti it pp S ETE z E aki amp amp i wa sea R ERR ae a bz i i KANA i A ET EE J lS oe a StRQ R REeR SEER a gt 88 Specifications Dimensions approx 30 x 20 cm External diameter 15 mm Heat resistant borosilicate glass Equipment needed Bunsen Burner code 5511 00 Food colorant or potassium permanganate crystals pa Laws and principles investigated e Convection Altay Convection Apparatus Specifications Overall dimensions approx 38 x 9 5 x 36 cm Equipment needed Alcohol Thermometer 10 C 110 C code 2245 15 or Mercury Thermometer 10 C 110 C code 2240 15 Equipment suggested Stainless Steel Temperature Probe code 2314 20 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 Illustrates the different expansion of liquids and allows for the determination of the relative coefficient of expansion Altay s Expansion of Liquids Apparatus
9. Electricity amp Electronics Electronics System 1 4868 10 A comprehensive system introducing the principles of electronics Electronics System 1 in durable ABS carry case SCIENTIFIC Specifications Size 50 x 42 x 12 cm Weight approx 3 5 kg Packing external suitcase in hard ABS internal foam for prevent accidental shock Equipment needed Electricity System 1 code 4866 10 Regulated DC Power Supply Unit code 2409 20 Equipment suggested Digital Multimeter code 2275 10 The Electronics System 1 is designed to be rugged and easy to use Assemble and teach electronic circuits and principles with the minimum of fuss using our easy to use electronic blocks Each block contains a fully functional electronic component encased everything from a potentiometer to a photo resistor Using this kit you can observe and understand how semi conductor components work and their characteristic behaviour in static and dynamic circuits Electronics System 1 can be mounted on the Altay Magnetic Board code 4114 30 for class demonstration experiments The system includes a durable ABS plastic carry case with foam inserts NS Laws and principles investigated I Components e Characteristics of diode Investigating transistors e Comparing PNP and NPN transistors e Characteristics LED diodes and Infrared LEDs e Looking at photoresistors versus phototransistors e Experiments on power dissipation
10. General purpose retort stand with a single vertical rod High quality enamel finished cast iron stands provided with a threaded chromium plated rod are particularly suitable for use with ring supports burette clamps or other similar supports Universal Base 5405 70 74 Universal base designed for a wide ee variety of uses These flexible leads allow rapid connection with low contact resistance between laboratory equipment Fitted with four mm stackable plugs at each end Available in different lengths and terminals also crocodile clips and banana plugs Single base Specifications Red Length 25 cm code 2522 02 Red Length 50 cm code 2522 03 Red Length 100 cm code 2522 04 Black Length 25 cm code 2522 07 Black Length 50 cm code 2522 08 Black Length 100 cm code 2522 09 Yellow Length 25 cm code 2522 12 Yellow Length 50 cm code 2522 13 Yellow Length 100 cm code 2522 14 Base mount sample Very stable and versatile this base allows the simultaneous use of two vertical rods of variable height between 20 and 300 mm Very easy and fast to use simple to break down and store away Specifications Complete Universal Base code 5405 70 Universal Base with 3 Knobs code 5405 71 Rod lenght 500 mm code 5404 52 Universal Base with 2 Knobs code 5405 72 Rod lenght 650 mm code 5404 55 Universal Base with 1 Knobs code 5405 73 Rod lenght 800 mm code 5404 60 Universal Base code 5405 74
11. Gravesande Ball and Ring 4200 10 Simple and effective piece of equipment for qualitative experiments Altay s Ball and Ring Bar and Gauge Simple instrument to show thermal expansion of solids Specifications Thermal Expansion Bar 4200 18 Simple and effective piece of equipment to show thermal expansion Pin Shearing Apparatus Simple instrument to show forces of thermal contraction N Laws and principles investigated Thermal expansion Tensions due to expansion and contraction Plastic base dimensions approx 12 x12 cm SAPPAY Specifications Length of the bar 130 mm Length of the chain 100 mm Equipment needed Bunsen Burner code 5511 00 A concrete demonstration of the cubic thermal expansion of a solid Ring and ball on chain with 2 wooden handles The ball passes through the ring when cold but will not pass through after being heated NS Laws and principles investigated e Cubic thermal expansion of solids Specifications Equipment needed Bunsen Burner code 5511 00 Steel bar length 110 mm diam 12 mm Rod with wooden handle length 200 mm For demonstration of solids expansion Steel bar on rod with wooden handle U shaped gauge sliding fit over ends of bar with holes 12 mm bore ra Laws and principles investigated Bar and Gauge e Solid expansion Equipment needed Bunsen Burner code 5511 00 A model to demonstrate the change of di
12. The apparatus is designed specifically for the study of free fall due to gravity and the study of the Law of the Pendulum It consists of a vertical column with a graduated scale and an electromagnet mounted on a triangular base with levelling screws and a basket for the falling spheres The acceleration of free falling bodies defined as g is studied by measuring the time necessary for a falling body to move a fixed distance on the graduated scale The apparatus can be used with Electronic Timer To use a large LED display for classroom use the Altay Large Display code 2236 50 is an ideal choice r g Components e Base for Free Fall and Pendulum Apparatus 4134 70 001 Profile for Free Fall and Pendulum Apparatus 4134 70 002 e Electronic Digital Timer 2232 50 e Photogate 2x 2232 52 e Electronic Oscillation Counter 2237 12 e Power Supply 12 V DC 220 V AC 2402 56 RCA Cable length 2526 30 e Stereo Jack In Jack Out Cable 2526 31 e Polyester inelastic String 4113 20 e Set of Three Spheres with Hook PVC Brass Wood 4137 00 e Stainless Steel Sphere diam 19 mm 4230 85 Stainless Steel Sphere diam 25 mm 4230 87 Free fall electromagnet cap for track 4941 20 003 l e Magnetic Support for Pendulum Cord 4941 20 005 Vertical column e Plasticine 4941 20 006 constructive detail e Support for Magnet Short 2x WO026A1 Free Fall Apparatus components Pendulum accessories Free Fall and
13. ee SAMAY SINGLE ITEMS Electricity amp Electronics Demonstration Transformer Specifications 4729 00 Size 20 x 15 x 20 cm Weight approx 10 kg Power output 2 A max Demonstration of the voltage transformation in an Equipment needed alternate current Digital Multimeter code 2275 10 With our Demonstration Transformer students will learn how to change the voltage of an alternate current at a certain frequency to a different value Ideal for use in many experiments such as plotting a hysteresis of a ferro magnet Demonstration A Components Transformer components e Laminated iron U core with locking system 4729 00 001 h e Laminated iron base 4729 00 002 gt e Main coil 2400 turns 4729 00 003 Interchangeable secondary coil 65 turns 4729 00 004 Interchangeable secondary coil 130 turns 4729 00 005 e Plastic base with coil support 4729 00 006 NS Laws and principles investigated e Voltage transformation Current transformation e Resistance in an ideal transformer e Magnetic hysteresis Experiment sseeeseee reer rece ees Voltage transformation How to obtain 12 V power supply from 220 V line power A transformer is an electrical device that is used to convert AC power at a certain voltage to a different voltage at the same frequency The Demonstration Transformer had been specifically developed to aid the understanding of AC power and frequency relationships The apparatus is easy to s
14. track s terminals and accessories e Mechanics Upgrade 2 code 4941 21 Spheres for free fall and pendulum experiments electromagnet and accessories e Optics Upgrade 1 code 4944 11 Lenses mirrors prism and general hardware for the optical bench e Optics Upgrade 2 code 4944 20 Hartl disk optical bodies for geometric optics experiments and accessories e Optics Upgrade 3 code 4944 30 Laser diffraction gratings and accessories Multiuse System overview Multiuse System used as a dynamics track Additional items e Timing Set code 4922 10 Electronic timer with photogates Ball Launcher for Cart code 4941 60 Ball Launcher for Altay Cart with accessories Altay Cart without Plunger code 4941 12 Altay Cart with Plunger code 4941 13 e Eddy Current Set code 4941 51 A powerful magnet and a set of solid and slitted flags to discover the eddy currents Laws and principles investigated Coupled Pendulum Set code 4941 16 EM Trigger amp Launcher for Cart code 4941 17 Using our Upgrade Systems and the Track Set you can perform many experiments in mechanics and optics Some of the experiments are as follows Mechanics e Conservation of momentum and energy Laws of dynamics e Determination of velocity in dynamics systems Determination of acceleration in dynamics systems Elastic and inelastic collisions Impulse momentum theorem Concept of inertia e Investigating kinetic and potential ene
15. Air density Vacuum Sphere with Two Stopcocks The Sphere with Two Stopcocks with the Vacuum Pump Specifications Available from July 2008 Dimensions 17 x 17 x 13 cm Equipment needed Vacuum Pump code 4184 21 Vacuum Bell with Plate code 4315 60 Silicon Grease code 5424 52 This apparatus is constituted of a polystyrene foam ball suspended on a balance arm and mounted on a PVC stand When located in a vacuum jar and evacuated the balance inclines as the buoyancy force diminishes F Components 4184 93 001 4184 93 002 Altay Buoyancy Balance with inclination index Balance e Sphere with Hook The Buoyancy Balance inside the Vacuum Bell with the Vacuum Pump Tf SAPPAY SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Mechanics of Fluids A Aluminium Cuboid for Buoyancy 4184 95 The perfect partner for the Buoyancy Balance Aluminium parallelogram ideal for the study of the hydrostatic pressure Boyle s Law Apparatus 4187 19 Get started with mechanics of fluids ETEN z abe i e E SSS Sf Sess 8eecerReee Bisete tesa 78 Specifications Available from July 2008 Dimensions approx 15x 3 x 3 cm Equipment needed Buoyancy Balance code 4184 93 S Laws and principles investigated e Hydrostatic pressure Buoyancy e Weight force Aluminium Cuboid Specifications Equipment needed Size 20 x 14 x 125 cm Weight approx 4 kg Mercury code 42
16. Charging by friction Charging by induction e Conducting sphere Investigating electric charge Principles of the electroscope Faraday ice pail experiment Volta s electrophorus experiment WS List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual E e Concept of static charge How to use the electroscope Leaf electroscope e Charges on an electroscope with accessories e Electrophorus principles using electrostatic induction Investigating different kinds of electric charge e Production of charges equal and opposite Charge transfer e Charging by conduction friction and induction Hollow sphere e Charge distribution in electric fields e Charge distribution in a hollow sphere and in a conducting sphere 26 PHYSICS SYSTEMS Electrostatics There are three modes of electrifying an object friction conduction and induction A positive charge means that the object has lost electrons a negative charge means that the object has gained electrons The picture shows how to induce a charge using friction by rubbing two surfaces together Charging by friction An electroscope is an instrument for detecting the presence of static electricity It consists of two thin metal leaves suspended from a metal hook When the hook is brought near a source of static electricity some of the electrons in the hook are pushed to the leaves if the source is negative or pulled up to the hook from the leaves if th
17. Pascal s Apparatus Pellat Apparatus Pendulum Multiple Pendulum Simple Ph Sensor Photogate Photogate Vernier Picket Fence Pin Shearing Apparatus Potentiometer Bridge Power Supply Low Voltage Power Supply Low Tension Power Supply Regulated AC DC Power Supply Regulated 5 kV exeye 4861 10 4861 20 4861 30 4941 14 4941 21 4315 35 4207 55 4836 60 2214 00 2213 15 2313 60 4230 60 4138 50 2310 10 4743 05 2274 10 2275 10 4453 22 4134 00 4417 50 4417 60 4114 37 4864 10 4864 21 4864 30 4944 11 4944 20 4944 30 2237 12 2280 70 90 4180 12 4180 20 4137 40 4136 50 2317 10 2232 52 2312 10 2312 11 4200 30 4697 00 2408 10 2408 00 2409 20 2407 01 SAPPAY Page 114 111 136 136 143 SAPPAY ALPHABETICAL INDEX Description Code Page Description Code Page Power Supply 30 A 2407 60 138 Tubular Spring Balance Metal 4110 01 07 134 Precision Mass Set 2220 60 66 133 Tubular Spring Balance Plastic 4110 20 24 134 Projectile Launcher 4135 10 68 Tuning Forks Pair of LAg 4317 40 82 Tuning Forks Set 4317 90 83 Radiation Monitor alpha beta gamma 2316 10 127 Radioactivity Bench Relative Humidity Sensor Rheostat Sliding Contact Resonance Apparatus Ripple Tank Rods Rotary Motion Sensor Rotating Coil Small Cubes with Equal Volume Sonometer Three Wire Spectrometer Spectrometer Handheld Spectrum Tubes Spectrum Tubes Holder Sphere with Two Stopcocks Sp
18. Se bs BEY e gt gt a Laws and principles investigated e Amp re s Equivalence Theorem Attractive Repulsive magnetic forces Biot Savart Law Earth s magnetic field Eddy currents Faraday s Law e Image charge method Lenz s Law Magnetic dipole and its interactions e Magnetic dipole vs magnetic monopole Magnetic field e Magnetic force Magnetic hysteresis Magnetic moment determination e Magnetic and Electrostatic Mapping Ohm s Law e Magnetisation and demagnetisation of steel and iron 28 Specifications Size 50 x 42 x 12 cm Weight approx 4 kg Packing external suitcase in durable ABS plastic internal foam to prevent accidental shock Equipment suggested Magnetics System 1 in durable ABS carry case Overhead Projector Magnetic Field Sensor code 2313 50 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 The Magnetics System 1 permits the demonstration of the characteristics of various shaped magnets In this system we study basic magnetic flux lines of various shaped permanent magnets in 2D and 3D deflection of a magnetic needle compasses magnetic dipoles magnetic hysteresis eddy currents Earth s magnet etc Plastic coated bar magnets with plotting compasses Magnetic field lines of force demonstrated by series of plotting compasses fe Components Floating magnets with base support 4612 00 e Neodymium magnet 5x 4611 86
19. When the Altay Track is placed vertically you simply mount the photogate and connect it to the timer By placing the photogate at a chosen distance from the electromagnet you can quickly measure the speed at which the body falls through the photogate and verify that the body is in free fall Whether the object is falling downward or rising upward towards its peak if it is under the sole influence of gravity its acceleration value is 9 8 m s2 This value is usually referred to as g v g l t y 9 From this law you can experimentally determine the acceleration due to gravity g We can simply solve the formula to determine g as a function of time t Free fall motion equations AUTAY SCIENTIFIC Experiment s sees eee eee rere eeees The Pendulum To investigate the relationship between period length and the effect of gravity of a pendulum To set up a simple gravity pendulum you can place the support for pendulum at the zero position on the scale and suspend a mass from this point a chosen length Giving it an initial push the sphere will swing back and forth under the influence of gravity over its central lowest point Measuring the period of oscillation through the oscillation counter knowing the length of the pendulum it is easy to calculate the acceleration of gravity using the Pendulum Law Pendulum Law The pendulum experiment setup 47 AUTAY SCIENTIFIC
20. aluminium tube which is against itselfs A nice denimin pipe demonstration of Lenz s Law conrtituted by a relled fail Experiment demonstrating the magnetic drag force acting on a permanent magnet falling in an aluminium pipe Experiment e eseeseecceceecoeccoecoeeee Floating magnets m A simple experiment demonstrating the interaction between magnetic dipoles m Andre Marie Amp re hypothesised the so called elementary current hypothesis that a small permanent magnet magnetic dipole behaves as a coil in which is flowing a direct electric current Amp re s Equivalence Theorem Floating magnets experiment Biot and Savart diagram for the p calculation of the magnetic field produced by a magnetic dipole Z I A force experienced an intermediate magnetic dipole is defined as the inverse of the fourth power of the distance between the lower and upper dipole We can then use a near approximation of this force and ignore the interactions between the dipoles Variables used in the floating magnets experiment A very interesting result since the ratio is evidently independent of the mass and dipole moment of the magnets as long as all three are the same and by using the next nearest approximation Further examples of classical experiments A quick look at further experiments of the Magnetic System 1 iJ z Experimental data showing the M magnetic hysteresis experiment using a
21. code 4954 12 Diffraction using a laser Equipment suggested With the Altay Optics Upgrade 3 you will complete your advanced optics White Metal Screen experiments Optics Upgrade 3 introduces further concepts of physical optics code 4418 35 and allows study in advanced optics The diode laser allows you to study light as an electromagnetic wave and introduces the concept of diffraction As in Optics Upgrade 2 all components are designed to work with the optical bench Diffraction theory using the optical bench f Components e Laser on stem 630 670 nm with rechargeable accumulators 4478 01 a 2 i Optics Upgrade 3 components e Plug in power supply 2402 52 e Holder for slides and diaphragms 4414 03 e Slider for Holder 4417 01 e Slider for projector 4417 17 e Slide with 1 slit width 0 06 mm 4485 29 Slide with 2 slit width 0 06 mm separation 0 20 mm pitch 0 26 mm 4485 30 e Slide with 3 slit width 0 06 mm separation 0 20 mm pitch 0 26 mm 4485 31 Slide with 4 slit width 0 06 mm separation 0 20 mm pitch 0 26 mm 4485 32 Slide with 5 slit width 0 06 mm separation 0 20 mm pitch 0 26 mm 4485 33 Slide with 6 slit width 0 06 mm separation 0 20 mm pitch 0 26 mm 4485 34 e Coarse grating 1 4 lines per mm line space ratio 3 1 4485 25 NS Laws and principles investigated e Coarse grating 2 4 lines per mm line space ratio 6 1 4485 26 e Coarse grating 3 8 lines per mm lin
22. for measuring time in dynamics experiments such as cart collisions and free fall The system can be used with our Mechanics Upgrades 1 and 2 It can also be used in conjunction with the Altay Oscillation Counter These accessories can be used as an alternative to a data logger and a motion sensor F Components e Electronic Timer 2232 50 e Photogate 2x 2232 52 e Power Supply 12 V DC 220 AC 2402 56 Equipment needed Altay Track Set code 4954 12 Mechanics Upgrade 1 code 4941 14 or Altay Cart with Plunger code 4941 13 An ideal accessory for the Mechanics Upgrade 1 to demonstrate the independence of vertical and linear motion V4 Components e Ball launcher W142A1 e PVC ball 2x DPV038 Trigger flag with knob 4941 60 001 e Magnetic anchor with hook 4941 60 002 Laws and principles investigated e Projectile motion equation e Resolution of component motions e Determination of gravity acceleration Experiment see e ccc creer eee ee eee ee ee ee eee eee eee eee eee e eee eee e cece ees Composition of motion Study the rectilinear uniform motion of the cart with the projectile motion in a unique way Perform an interesting experiment that is not always intuitive The Ball Launcher is designed to fit onto our low friction carts The Launcher is triggered at a certain point to release the ball and assuming that the motion is a constant velocity the ball should then land back on the Launcher This s
23. 11 e Fermat s principle e Determination of the focal length of a lens Plane Mirror for Hari Disk 4419 12 Hartl apparatus Inverse square law of light Light reflection and refraction Refraction Index Vessel for Hart Disk 4419 13 e Ray optics and colour mixing box 4402 30 e Halogen lamp 4414 19 e Base support for ray optics box 4402 35 e Slider for Holders 4417 01 e Slider for Projectors 4417 17 Raybox coloured filters Slits two side parts with mirror and filter holders Lenses set with flexible mirror and Hartl disk Experiment see ec ccc e reer eee ee ee ee ee eee ee eee eee eee e ee eee eee eee eee ees Hartl Disk How to use the Hartl disk for geometric optics studies The Hartl disk is designed to demonstrate many optical principles such as reflection refraction critical angle principle rays dispersion and how a rainbow is made The light coming from the raybox provides a bright point source and is parallel to the disc The raybox is for stand alone use or with the optical bench When mounted on the linear bench it provides an accurate and stable experimental setup A triangular prism showing total reflection 51 SAMAY SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System The protractor scale allows students to measure the reflection and refraction angles j Path of light from raybox LLL La ae aR y ae mr a0 J0 EOT IIMIILLLL ATTE AAAA MAW Path of light through a biconvex
24. 2 plug 2x 4764 12 e Capacitor 50 uF not polarized 2 plug 2x 4764 06 e Capacitor 10 uF not polarized 2 plug 2x 4764 26 e Capacitor 1 uF not polarized 2 plug 2x 4764 22 e Resistor 47 Q 2 W 2 plug 2x 4763 16 e Resistor 2 2 kQ 2 W 2 plug 2x 4763 28 e Resistor 3 3 kQ 2 W 2 plug 2x 4763 30 e Resistor 10 kQ 0 25 W 2 plug 2x 4763 34 e Resistor 47 KQ 0 25 W 2 plug 2x 4763 40 e Resistor 100 kQ 0 25 W 2 plug 2x 4763 42 e Resistor 1 MQ 0 25 W 2 plug 2x 4763 44 e Bridging plugs 2 plug 2x 4762 20 e Plugs 90 2x 4762 22 e Potentiometer 100 KQ 0 25W 4 plug 4763 92 e Stackable plug lead length 25 cm red 2x 2522 02 e Stackable plug lead length 25 cm black 2x 2522 07 e Stackable plug lead length 50 cm red 2x 2522 03 e Stackable plug lead length 50 cm black 2x 2522 08 AX List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual The bridge rectifier The voltage follower The common emitter amplifier e The common base amplifier The common collector amplifier e The current mirror amplifier The audio amplifier ALTAY SCIENTIFIC PHYSICS SYSTEMS Electricity amp Electronics Experiment see c cece errr reece ee ee ee ee eee eee reer eens ee eee eee e cece eees Bridge rectifier Using a diode as a full wave rectifier One of the most famous applications of the diode is rectification which is the conversion of an alternating current AC to a direct curren
25. 2x 4764 44 e Plasticine 2x 4941 20 006 64 SAPPAY SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Dynamics z a d b Experiment sesssesecessesosososeeooo Dynamics Verify the law of the uniformly accelerated motion Various air track accessories to perform a wide range of dynamics experiments m Laws and principles investigated e Principles of the inertial mass systems Conservation of momentum e Conservation of momentum and energy Investigating acceleration e Determination of the velocity of the constant linear motion e Effect of a force on the motion of an object Elastic collisions e Inelastic collisions Experiments with kinetic and potential energy e Mixed motions medium range speed instantaneous speed parabolic time chart Investigating Newton s 1st Law of Motion Data acquisition for uniformly accelerated motion Investigating Newton s 2nd Law of Motion Using the Altay s Linear Air Track System students can demonstrate precise e Looking at linear oscillating systems on a track Principle of Inertia accelerated motion due to the near frictionless system e Rectilinear uniform motion on a track Description of a trajectory For example we can attach a mass via a pulley to a glider and watch its Uniform accelerated rectilinear motion accelerated motion as detected by a position sensor that shows the e Uniformly mixed motion speed and acceleration characteristic parabolic trend in
26. 4611 86 Magnets Neodymium lron Boron 100 4182 20 Capillary Tubes 75 4612 03 Magnets Ring 100 4183 11 Lift Pump on Stand 76 4612 09 Magnet Ferrite 100 4184 12 Vacuum Pump Manual 140 4612 12 Iron Filings 140 4184 21 Vacuum Pump with Accessories 140 4613 80 Magnetic Needle on Stand 101 4184 48 Magdeburg Hemispheres 76 4614 50 Compass Demonstration 101 4184 90 Sphere with Two Stopcocks 77 4622 20 Wimshurst Machine 97 4184 93 Buoyancy Balance 77 4623 20 Van de Graaff Generator 97 4184 95 Aluminium Cuboid for Buoyancy 78 4625 00 Electroscope Pith Ball 98 4187 19 Boyle s Law Apparatus 78 4625 50 Electroscope Leaf 99 4200 10 Gravesande Ball and Ring 85 4628 32 Aepinus Air Condenser 99 4200 15 Bar and Gauge 85 4640 50 Circular Coil 102 4200 18 Thermal Expansion Bar 85 4640 60 Rotating Coil 104 4200 22 Gunther Expansion Apparatus 86 4640 70 Gimbals Magnetic Field Sensors 103 4200 30 Pin Shearing Apparatus 85 4640 75 Induction Coils 103 4200 60 Compound Bar 87 4640 80 Waltenhofen s Pendulum 103 4200 80 Bimetal Strip with Electric Contact 87 4645 02 Barlow s Wheel 105 4207 55 Mercury 140 4646 10 Laplace Apparatus 105 4210 10 Hope s Apparatus 89 4646 15 Laplace Rail 106 4210 32 Expansion of Liquids Apparatus 88 4652 10 Electromagnet U Shaped 102 4210 73 Thermal Conductivity Apparatus 87 4690 00 04 Capacitance Box 107 4210 91 Convection Apparatus 88 4693 00 50 Decade Resistance Box 108 4215 20 Crooke s Radiometer 91 4694 11 61 Rheostat Slidin
27. 5x 4113 35 e Plumb line Bob 4114 60 10 Set of 3 Geometric Objects 4114 60 11 e Polyester cord 10 m 4113 20 The Mechanics Accessories Set give teachers and students the freedom to set up experiments with their own fashion Thanks to the magnetic pins it s easy to place the inclined plane pulleys and all the other objects everywhere on the board and perform experiments Track cart Weinhold s disk protractor rule and goniometer in any configuration ie ATV Triple in line pulley block experiment Rule with holes masses spring eal dynamometers The set contains also multiple in line and in axis pulleys to study the geometric objects mechanical advantage of a system of pulleys like the block and tackle as and cord in the particular configuration of the triple in line pulley block 59 SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Statics Falling Bodies Upgrade Sa 411436 A simple and affordable way to observe laws of motion and energy conservation fe Components e Diving Board with Screw W145A1 e Stainless Steel Sphere diam 25 mm 4230 87 e Stainless Steel Sphere diam 19 mm 4230 85 Optics Accessories Set 4114 37 Show to the whole class interesting optics experiments Optics Accessories Set Equipment needed SAPPAY Magnetic Board code 4114 30 With this accessory set the laws of motion and conservation became an easy subject By using the silk screen scale on
28. Constituted of five glass bulbs with stem total height 400 mm mounted against a plastic stand with 5 scales graduated in mm Complete with metal trough for the uniform and simultaneous heating of the 5 glass bulbs A v Components e Stand with 5 Scales W150A1 e Metal Trough W149A1 e Glass Bulb with Stem 5x DGL015 e Syringe 4180 17 N Laws and principles investigated Expansion of liquids relative expansion Coefficient of expansion ALTAY SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Thermodynamics Hope s Apparatus Specifications Hope s Equipment needed Apparatus is Alcohol Thermometer 10 C 110 C code 2245 15 the simplest or Mercury Thermometer 10 C 110 C code 2240 15 way to verify Equipment suggested maximum s Stainless Steel Temperature Probe code 2314 20 2x or 3x water density 5 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 at 4 C or GolLink code 2320 30 The solid form of most substances is more dense than the liquid phase But water plays an exception and with this apparatus you can determine the temperature at which water attains its maximum density Requires two thermometers for measurement of the temperature of the water and eventually a third thermometer for the measurement of the temperature of the refrigerant mixture Thermometers are not supplied Altay Hope s Laws and principles investigated Apparatus to study anomaly of e Determination of water maximum
29. Go Link code 2320 30 Vernier Caliper code 2213 10 Tape Measure code 2211 10 Mercury code 4207 55 Hardware Mechanics System 3 case 2 glassware case case content V4 Components e Universal base 5405 71 e Support Rod rounded ends length 35 cm 5408 81 L350 e Support Rod rounded ends length 50 cm 5408 81 L500 e Bosshead 4x 5401 23 e Swivel bosshead 2X 5401 43 e Extension Clamp with Rod 2X 5416 20 e G Clamp 5402 22 Force pump capillary tubes communicating vessels Venturi s tube e U Tube manometer 2242 10 and Ostwald viscometer Air Blower 4132 50 e Voltage Regulator for Air Blower 4132 52 e Pascal Apparatus Ball 4180 13 e Potassium Permanganate 5 g 4207 56 Silicone Grease 5424 50 e Styrofoam Ball 4625 05 e Ping Pong Ball 4625 06 e Silicone Tubing 5449 25 L2000 e PVC transparent tube 5449 41 L250 e Viscosity Tube Ostwald 1485 00 Mariotte s bottle cartesian diver Hare s apparatus e Plastic Funnel 1640 64 e Mariotte s Bottle 1476 51 Drying Tube U shaped 1274 00 Tube for Mariotte s Bottle 1465 05 L330 e Force Pump 4183 20 e Cartesian Diver 4181 16 Plastic beaker 250 ml 2x 1610 20 e Centrifuge Tube 1480 00 e Hare s apparatus 4181 57 e Rubber Stopper 1 hole 5450 43 e Perspex tube DPX001 e Rubber Stopper solid 5450 12 e Venturi s tube 4183 51 e Rubber Stopper 1 hole 5450 35 e Syringe 5 ml 4180 16 e Communicating Vessels 4180 60 e Syringe 20 ml 4180 17 e Capillary Tubes 4182 2
30. Js Mh AAG te E G 7 ilar ae ihe j Psa fier pn can 4 BaD ma DME a 2 HE _ Sp oanielarae kan peia rae 4 dee D O00RS0e gt HSER EULER RUE ER RRR BBM ESS Spring pendulum experiment using LoggerPro data logging software A Differential Voltage Sensor can be used together with the Bimetal Strip and a Stainless Steel Temperature Probe to determine the instantaneous temperature of the circuit when it opens Using the Bimetal Strip and the Differential Voltage Probe m ane of datalogger in use The Motion Sensor can be also used in collision experiments to acquire data of elastic and inelastic collisions in real time with incredible accuracy Investigating collisions using a datalogger Tae oi Collision graphs with the datalogger and motion sensors Tera 5 With the datalogger and software it is easy to study collision between carts It is very easy to set up an experiment by combining two motion sensors to acquire position velocity and acceleration data for two carts in real time Using LoggerPro it is possible to graph simultaneously the positions of the two carts and see what happens during the collision in real time 117 Interfaces Calorimeter and Stainless Steel Temperature Probe wal Bots Fi ie Litres Temperaa ie A ee 166 ating OG 0 nA u af d Ew Sukh 0 cee ie ee 1 1 1 1 peg With a calorim
31. Leaf Electroscope Pith Ball Electrostatics System EM Trigger amp Launcher for Cart Expansion of Liquids Apparatus Extension Clamp with Rod 2300 41 120 4941 51 48 4130 20 63 2264 40 45 136 4866 10 32 4866 20 34 2313 70 126 4652 10 102 4868 10 36 4868 20 38 4625 50 99 4625 00 98 4865 10 26 4941 17 55 4210 32 88 5416 20 140 Falling Bodies Upgrade for Magnetic Board 4114 36 Force Sensor Dual Range Force Table Free Fall and Pendulum Apparatus Function Generator 2311 10 4114 11 4134 70 2290 10 60 123 56 66 137 Gas Pressure Sensor Generator Model Geiger M ller Counter Gimbals Magnetic Field Sensors Go Link Go Motion Go Temp Goniometric Circle Gravesande Ball and Ring Gunther Expansion Apparatus 2311 40 4739 20 2236 00 4640 70 2320 30 2320 10 2320 20 2216 10 4200 10 4200 22 124 110 137 103 128 128 128 132 85 86 ALPHABETICAL INDEX Description Heat System Hooke s Law Apparatus Hope s Apparatus Inclined Plane Induction Coils Instrumentation Amplifier lron Filings Joule s Law Unit for Calorimeter Laboratory Jack LabPro LabQuest Laplace Apparatus Laplace Rail Large Display Large Display Digital Lift Pump on Stand Light Sensor Linear Air Track System LoggerPro 3 Logic Circuit Board Magdeburg Hemispheres Magnet Ferrite Magnet Horseshoe Magnet Horseshoe Flat Magnet U Shaped Magnetic Board Magnetic Field Sensor Magnetic Needle
32. Mechanics e Mechanics of Fluids Lift Pump on Stand 8883 11 Discover how pumps work This striking demonstration glass apparatus mounted on a strong iron base allows to the students to understand basic principles of mechanics of fluid The transparency of the glasswork allows an in depth comprehension of the mechanism thanks to the view of valves Vacuum Bell with Plate The classic vacuum bell for acoustic and mechanics of fluid experiments The Vacuum Bell Magdeburg Hemispheres 4184 48 The clearest and funniest experiment to explain the concept of pressure Magdeburg Hemispheres A pair of large PVC hemispheres with mating rims When the the air is pumped out the sphere contains a vacuum and could not be pulled apart by hands To power the machine connect it to the Altay Vacuum Pump code 4184 21 Laws and principles investigated e Concept of pressure Air pressure 76 Specifications Size 14 x 14 x 30 cm Weight 1 5 kg Mounted on base A g Components e Lift Pump Glasswork 4183 11 001 Base 4183 11 002 e Basket 4183 11 003 Laws and principles investigated The Lift Pump on Stand Apparatus Pump functioning Concept of Pressure Specifications Dimensions diam approx 20 cm height approx 30 cm Equipment Needed Vacuum Pump code 4184 21 Silicone Grease code 5424 52 This bell is the ideal solution for every experiment involving vacu
33. Optical Bench Standard Edition Specifications 4417 60 Optical Bench length 116 cm A simple and affordable way to begin exploring optics The Optical Bench Standard Edition is the most easy and complete way to begin the exploration of the optics Simple complete and affordable Optical bench Standard Edition f Components Projector lamp holders and supports e Optical bench 4417 50 001 Slider for holders 6x W108A1 I ETH Slits coloured s i screens holders Slider for projector W107A1 prism table e Slides and diaphragm holders 2x 4414 03 Set of 7 diaphragms 4414 12 hk e Projector 4414 18 Transformer 12 V 2 5A 2403 14 j e Lamp Holder Single 4418 19 e Lamp Holder Quadruple 4418 20 e Equilateral Prism 4450 14 e Prism table 4418 29 d qa e Two colour metal screen 4418 34 r J po i A F amp Q Set of colour Filters 4453 10 i l e Halogen Lamp spare 2x 4414 19 e Joly Photometer 4422 01 e Holder for Lenses and Mirrors 4x 4414 02 Lens and mirror Set of 4 Biconvex Spherical Lenses 4445 00 with holders EAPCHMENE wa wk SSeS te eae wera es wee me e Set of 4 Biconcave Spherical Lenses 4441 00 Prism Separate white light into its different components e Set of 4 Convex Spherical Mirrors 4435 00 A prism is a wedge shaped transparent body which causes incident light e Set of 4 Convex Spherical Mirrors 4431 00 to be separated into its constituent colours
34. Polyester String 4113 20 e Rings set 4114 11 004 X Laws and principles investigated e Balancing force Concept of force Direction of a force e Equilibrium of a material point Intensity of different forces e Measure the intensity of a force Rule of the parallelogram Example of set up experiment Use the Force Table with the Dual Range Force Sensor AUTAY SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics Demonstration Balance Model Specifications 4114 18 Height 50 cm Arm length 45 cm With bench clamp for table mount Designed to demonstrate levers static forces and We developed this as more than just a balance the analytic balance It is easy to mount thanks to the bench clamp With the graduated scale you can demonstrate the effects of different static forces and equilibrium L Predict what the result might be and see if you are correct N te oso o Ga O N Laws and principles investigated e Calibration of a balance Using the Analytical Balance e Mass determination by comparison Moment of a force Levers maga Altay s Demonstration Balance Model Analytic balance components Experiment gt gt essere cre eee e reer eee eee cere eee ee eee reer rece eeccre rece er ccces Static equilibrium How to balance different weights at different arms lengths Place some weights on one pan and let students guess or calculate how many weights should be placed on the other pan in order take back
35. Range Force Sensor code 2311 10 Differential Voltage Probe code 2313 40 EE Microphone code 2313 60 Current Probe code 2313 20 Picket Fence code 2312 11 Stainless Steel Light Sensor code 2315 10 Temperature Probe code 2314 20 Low g Accelerometer code 2311 21 AUTAY SCIENTIFIC DATALOGGER amp SENSORS Sensors Motion Detector The most versatile instrument for dynamics experiments The Motion Detector uses the Doppler Effect to take accurate and real time measurements The Motion Detector uses ultrasound to measure distance Ultrasonic pulses are emitted by the Motion Detector MQTOND Specifications Range 0 15 6 0 m Resolution 1 mm Sensitivity 2 settings Rotary Motion Sensor Ideal for linear and rotary motion measurements Using the Rotary Motion Sensor you can monitor directional angular motion with ease and accuracy to graph angular displacement angular velocity and angular acceleration Typical experiments include measuring moments of inertia torque transmission of light through polarizing materials as a function of angle pendulum and Atwood s machine The Rotary Motion Sensor can also be used to measure precise linear position by rolling the pulley of the sensor along a table Specifications Standard Resolution 1 0 angular velocity up to 13 rev sec High Resolution 0 25 angular velocity up to 3 25 rev sec refle
36. SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System e Mechanics Coupled Pendulum Set Prerequisites 4941 16 Mechanics Upgrade 1 code 4941 14 Studying the coupled oscillators effect Simple to set up and highly effective the coupled pendulums transfer energy one to the other thanks to a thin string that couples them This system allows teachers to introduce the normal modes of oscillation The resultant motion corresponds to the composition of two oscillations the centre of mass motion and the relative motion of the pendulums Coupled pendulums a Components at work f P Threatened rod 5408 31 e Sphere with Hook 2x an 16 001 e Polyester inelastic Cord 4113 20 Coupled oscillators components a Laws and principles investigated Pendulums Energy transfer Harmonic motion Couplement Resonance Experiment sees eee c creer reer eee ee ee ee ee ee ee eee eee een e eee eee eee cc cces Normal modes Introduce the normal modes in the simplest way the coupled pendulum motion The normal modes of oscillations is a milestone concept in physics The behaviour of the system i Ta f N can be deduced from the data plot At first sight students can notice that the motion of pendulum HAT one red plot is symmetric to the motion of pendulum two blue plot After we should see that the maximum amplitude of the first one corresponds to the second staying still and vice versa From our plot e g the red one we imm
37. The Vernier Caliper is an extremely precise measuring instrument the reading error is 0 05 mm The Vernier Caliper is easy to use and is very similar to a slide rule You simply move the sliding scale against the fixed and as the graduations match up and align this is your reading Specifications Range 0 160 mm Sensitivity 0 05 mm Spherometer SAPPAY Goniometric Circle The Goniometric Circle is an useful device for measure angles The yellow blue scale facilitates the measure For example this instrument is used in Mechanics System 1 for the parallelogram of forces experiment Also available Magnetic Goniometric Circle code 2216 15 Specifications Range 0 360 Sensitivity 1 Precisely measure curve surfaces The Spherometer is used for the precise measurement of the radius of a sphere or the thickness of a thin plate It consists of a fine screw moving in a nut carried on the centre of a small three legged table In order to measure the curvature of the surface the object is placed centred under the Spherometer and the screw turned until the point just touches it Specifications Range 10 10 mm Sensitivity 0 005 mm Ohaus Dial O Gram Balance Mechanical balance 2218 00 Features include e Two graduated notched beams with centre indicating sliding poise Undivided tare beam with sliding poise e Magnetic damping Zero adjust compensator equipped for speci
38. Understanding the Laws of the Pendulum This apparatus has been developed for the specific purpose of studying the Laws of the Pendulum Using a set of spheres of different masses we can demonstrate the how influential mass can be on a pendulum system The apparatus can also be used to measure gravity and acceleration V4 Components Polyester inelastic String 4113 20 e Multiple Pendulum Apparatus Stand 4137 40 001 e Set of four Brass Spheres with Hook 4137 40 002 e Set of four PVC Spheres with Hook 4137 40 003 e Set of four Wood Spheres with Hook 4137 40 004 NS Laws and principles investigated e The Laws of the Pendulum e Determination of the acceleration due to gravity 2 7 N Multiple Pendulum 3 ae Apparatus a ins The Multiple Pendulum Apparatus components a N Experiment seer errr rec c cece eee ee ee eee eevee The Law of the Pendulum Sample experiments with the pendulum A simple pendulum can be thought as a point mass suspended on a wire of negligible weight Two forces act on the mass the centripetal force due to the wire and the force of gravity In small oscillations the period T depends on the wire extension l and the gravity constant g defined as l Simple pendulum T 27 formula Pendulum detail with bifilar suspension amp 69 SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Dynamics Moment of Inertia Apparatus 4138 50 An experimental approach to the moment of
39. V 20 V 200 V 1 kV Ohm 200 Q 2 KQ 20 KQ 200 kQ 2 MQ 20 MQ 200 MQ Farad 2 nF 20 nF 200 nF 2 uF 20 uF Oscilloscope 2280 70 90 This cathode ray Oscilloscope is fundamental in all electronic labs for circuit tests The Oscilloscope allows signal voltages to be viewed as a two dimensional graph of one or more electrical potential differences vertical axis plotted as a function of time or of some other voltage horizontal axis a Prr ATI TTy n Technical datasheet available on request Specifications e 20 Mhz max operating frequency e Two Channels Four Traces ex5 Magnifier X Y Operation Also available 40 Mhz Oscilloscope code 2280 80 100 Mhz Oscilloscope code 2280 90 Maximum and Minimum Ideal for study Thermometer of outdoor Ms es over time A simple thermometer for measuring temperatures of both maximum and minimum levels over a period of time Mounted on a plastic base with max min indicators and a reset push button Specifications Range 40 C 50 C ee ON GENERAL ACCESSORIES Measuring Instruments e Power Supply amp Function Generator Geiger Muller Counter Mercury Thermometer A simple radiation measuring instrument ay Th n j hit LLAI fa i i 1 i t 1 CE q z 1 miit me cel _ a p v m The Altay Geiger Muller Counter detects radioactivity data from alpha beta and gamma sources You can also analyse the data
40. Wave Form Helix Wimshurst Machine 4640 80 4315 00 4622 20 103 80 97 Code 2211 10 15 2213 10 2213 15 2214 00 2215 01 2216 10 2218 00 2218 10 2218 20 2219 30 34 2219 60 66 2220 60 66 2231 05 2231 25 2231 52 2232 50 2232 52 2236 00 2236 50 2236 60 2236 65 2237 12 2238 10 2240 10 2241 32 2242 20 2242 50 2242 62 50 2245 10 25 2264 40 45 2274 10 2275 10 2276 10 2280 50 2280 70 90 2290 10 2290 50 2300 10 2300 20 2300 30 2300 40 2300 41 2300 42 2300 50 2300 61 2310 10 2310 20 2311 10 2311 20 2311 21 2311 30 2311 40 63 NUMERICAL INDEX Description Tape Measure Caliper Vernier Micrometer Screw Gauge Micrometer Dial Gauge Spherometer Goniometric Circle Balance Ohaus Dial O Gram Balance Ohaus Cent O Gram Balance Ohaus Triple Beam Balance Electronic Balance Ohaus Scout Pro Precision Mass Set Chronometer Analogue Stopwatch Chronometer Digital Digital Timer Electronic Photogate Geiger Muller Counter Large Display Large Display Digital Docking Station Oscillation Counter Electronic Stroboscope Thermometers Mercury Thermometer Maximum and Minimum Manometer U Tube Barometer Mercury Barometer Thermometers Alchool Electric Meter Mounted Multimeter Analogue Multimeter Digital V I P and Phase Shift Meter Teslameter Digital Oscilloscope Function Generator Audio Frequency Generator LabPro Dynamics Sensor Sys
41. and pendulum motion to name but a few The sensor also includes a built in laser to allow detection of objects much greater than dynamic carts on a track You can also connect up to four gates in a chain The Photogate comes with an accessory rod for attachment to a ring stand or for adding the Ultra Pulley Attachment Ultra Pulley Attachment Accessory for motion detection Add an Ultra Pulley to your Photogate to monitor motion as a string passes over the pulley or as the pulley rolls along a table Ideal for F ma 124 Ideal for Boyle s Law experiments and also suitable for vapour pressure or pressure temperature experiments The sensor also includes airtight tubing clamps for transpiration experiments as well as fittings for respiration experiments in small containers Specifications Range 0 210 kPa 0 2 1 atm or 0 1 600 mm Hg 12 bit Resolution LabPro Go Link 0 05 kPa 0 0005 atm or 0 40 mm Hg 10 bit Resolution CBL or CBL 2 0 2 kPa 0 002 atm or 1 6 mm Hg Picket Fence Accessory for free fall studies TPE REESE The Picket Fence has eight opaque bars silk screened at intervals of 5 cm directly onto clear plastic These devices are especially good for dropping through a photogate to study free fall A very accurate value for g can be achieved using this simple accessory and a photogate Bar Tape 8812 43 Accessory for mechanics experiments Our Bar Tape is a flexible strip 3 m l
42. approximation e The eye hyperopic and myopic eye Inverse square law e Lens power Luminous intensity Magnifier and magnifying power e Photometry Prism Ray tracing e Refraction index System of lenses The compound microscope The telescope Thin lens equation Principles of biconcave biconvex lenses and mirrors e Determine the focal length of a lens Inverse square law of light e Rotation of light Grease spot photometer Polarization Lenses with lens holders Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Polarization of light Discover the principle of sunglasses In electrodynamics polarization is the property of electromagnetic waves such as light which describes the direction of their transverse electric field More generally the polarization of a transverse wave describes the direction of oscillation in the plane perpendicular to the direction of travel A polarizing filter such as a pair of polarizing sunglasses can be used to observe this by rotating the filter while looking through At certain angles the reflected light will be reduced or eliminated Polarizing filters remove light polarized at 90 to the filter s polarization axis If two polarizers are placed atop one another at 90 angles to one another no light passes through Polarization experiment setup 93 SAMAY SINGLE ITEMS Optics
43. by carefully balancing the gravitational and electric forces on tiny charged droplets of oil suspended between two metal electrodes Knowing the electric field the charge on the oil droplet could be determined Repeating the experiment for many droplets they found that the values measured were always multiples of the same number They interpreted this as the charge on a single electron 1 602 x 10 19 coulomb Student using the Millikan Apparatus 114 DATALOGGER amp SENSORS Our comprehensive range of dataloggers and sensors can work with a variety of Altay Physics apparatus providing accurate acquisition and manipulation of data Our sensors are portable versatile and easy to use guaranteeing consistent accuracy in all circumstances whether in the classroom or on a field trip learning physics becomes meaningful and fun Interfaces Software Packages Sensors Interfaceless Sensors Tabletop amp Visualization Systems ALTAY DATALOGGER amp SENSORS Interfaces LabPro The Vernier LabPro offers data ME iy O O O and flexibility Get Started with Datalogging Data Collection Technology The LabPro is very versatile as it can be used directly with a USB or Serial Port on your computer and has four digital and two analogue inputs LabPro can be used directly with a computer using the award winning LoggerPro software or with a Texas Instruments graphing calculator Palm OS PDA or as a stand
44. complex circuit schema is possible to realise a potentiometer Y i Resistance measurement Rheostat used as a potentiometer guns you Potentiometer Bridge Pee Size 110 x 12 x 3 cm Weight approx 1 6 k 4697 00 a The most effective way to introduce the concept of resistance We have developed our Potentiometer Bridge specifically for the teaching laboratory This apparatus allows to study the resistance lt a easily and quickly and determine the value a of an unknown resistance lt lt se Altay s Potentiometer Bridge f 4 Components e Graduated metal scale 4697 00 001 e Metal wire with jockey 4697 00 002 NS Laws and principles investigated e Resistance dependence from geometrical quantities Experiment esse eesee rece eee eeees Investigating the principles of variable resistance How to build a potentiometer A metal wire of Known linear resistance is connected between the two extremes of the scaled surface Potentiometer Bridge schema ee If tension is applied between A and B the current flowing on the wire will depend on the resistance of the whole wire If we now connect our circuit at point C the resistance of the circuit will be less and can be shown that it is directly proportional to the wire length By simply using a voltmeter and applying Ohm s Law is possible to verify the linear increasing of the resistance with length Students using the Potentiometer Bridge 109
45. different diameters Reference index SAPPAY Specifications Size 37 x 35 x 100 cm Weight approx 2 5 kg Equipment needed Digital Chronometer code 2231 52 or Vernier Photogate code 2312 10 or Motion Detector code 2310 10 LabPro code 2300 10 Precise and simple the Altay s Torsion Balance is designed to study the torsional elasticity of a metal wire Using pendulum s movement the measurement of the balance oscillating period allows us to estimate the modulus of torsion A g Components e Torsion balance with protractor and clamp 4170 00 001 e Pan for weights 4170 00 002 e Reference index W133A1 e Mass 10 g 8x DBR047 e Balance Arm with nylon string and weights W130A1 e Metal wire diam 0 4 mm length 40 cm RSSNCD 0 4 e Metal wire diam 0 6 mm length 40 cm RSSNCD 0 6 e Metal wire diam 0 8 mm length 40 cm RSSNCD 0 8 Protractor Pan and weights ff Se j amp Laws and principles investigated e Moment of inertia Torsional modulus Oscillation s period Moment of a force Experiment eeereeee eee e reece eens Torsional modulus The measurement of the torsional modulus of a metal wire Place the torsional balance vertically to measure the torsional modulus First proceed to estimate the inertia momentum according to the weights position on the balance arm then set on moving the balance and record the number of oscillations and the time period in your
46. direction and intensity e Tubular Spring Balance Metal Range 6N 4110 05 e Measurement of the intensity of a force e Pulley with Hook 2x 4112 10 Equivalence between force couples of equal and different arm lengths Triple In Line Pulley Block block and tackle 2x 4112 30 e Equilibrium of a material point Forces applied to a rigid body with fixed axes Triple In Axis Pulley Block block and tackle 2x 4112 24 Build a Galileo Pendulum e Goniometric Circle Magnetic 2216 15 e Investigate the resultant force of a system of convergent forces e Protractor 0 60 Magnetic 4114 60 14 Determine the resultant force of two convergent forces e Rule 25 cm Magnetic 2216 15 Determine the resultant forces of two convergent forces applied to a rigid body Steel Spring with Pointer 4110 81 Investigate a rigid and a heavy body suspended from a point Closing Cap for Magnetic Pins 6x 4114 60 03 Investigating Parallelogram Law Triple in axis pulley block e Hook for Cart 4114 80 11 e Triple in line pulley block Study two forces applied to a fixed pulley Cylindrical Mass 10 g 3x 4111 08 Study two parallel forces applied to a mobile pulley Cylindrical Mass 25 g 7x 4111 10 Investigation forces applied to a material point suspended over an inclined plane e Cylindrical Mass 50 g 4x 4111 12 e Magnetic Pin long 7x 4114 60 02 e Magnetic Pin short 4114 60 16 Pulley 3x 4114 60 07 earn e Ring 3x 4114 60 09 S Shaped Hook
47. e Kirchhoff s Laws nodes and loops Investigating the Capacitor e Ferromagnetic core e Charging and discharging of a capacitor in a circuit e Stackable plug lead length 25 cm red e Investigating capacitors in series and in parallel in a circuit e Stackable plug lead length 25 cm black e Investigating electric cells Investigating the electric bulb e Stackable plug lead length 50 cm red A study of the electromagnet e Stackable plug lead length 50 cm black 32 NN NNN m YNA mM MNNDYD FS x x KX Xx KX KX KK KX x Ne Ne Ne Ne Ne N N 4762 02 4762 60 4762 62 4763 18 4763 20 4763 24 4763 26 4763 32 4763 34 4763 81 4762 36 4764 28 4762 28 4764 42 4614 40 4762 20 4762 70 4762 72 2505 61 2505 64 2505 65 4764 44 4764 46 2522 02 2522 07 2522 03 2522 08 PHYSICS SYSTEMS Electricity amp Electronics The circuit experiment board for the Electricity System is designed to be easy to use and intuitive The circuit experiment board consists of a series of sockets which are designed to fit the connector blocks The blocks are easily identified by schematic diagram of the component printed on top so that the student can have a clearly defined view of the circuit or experiment being built Series and parallel sample circuits experimental setup Experiment eee eee reer eee eee eee eee eee ee ee nee Ohm s Law The fundamental principle of electricity The Ohm s Law is the fundame
48. e White metal screen 140 x 140 mm 4418 35 A Set of 4 Biconvex Spherical lenses dia 50 mm 4445 00 A complete Set of 4 Biconcave Spherical lenses diam 50 mm 4441 00 set of diaphragms Set of 4 Concave Spherical mirrors diam 50 mm 4431 00 _ Set of 4 Convex Spherical mirrors diam 50 mm 4435 00 e Optical bench with supports 4414 00 Set of lens mirror e Shadow rod 4864 10 001 holder Joly photometer on stem 4422 01 e Bulb lamp 12 V2 W 6x 2505 65 e Set of seven diaphragms 4414 12 e Holder for slides and diaphragms 4414 03 Millimetre graph paper 4864 10 002 Equilateral glass prism side 25 mm 4450 10 General hardware of the System AUTAY SCIENTIFIC PHYSICS SYSTEMS Optics List of the experiments detailed Experiment s seseeeceeceeccsosososeceeoooooooooeeee Vee N the instruction manual Inverse square law A classical experiment on the inverse square law e Photometry Luminous intensity e Shadow and penumbra Magnifier Lenses e Mirrors Thin lens equation Focal length e System of lenses Prism The eye e Microscope Telescope Experimental data collected with a datalogger z x Auto Fit for Latest Illumination y AWB A 1247 001412 B 120 6 1253 RMSE 32 44 E z z E E 0 2 Distance m I According to the photometric law of distance Simple explanation of E the irradiance E of a point light source decr
49. e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Fluid Dynamics Take an insight of this interesting behaviour of liquids The level reached by the liquid in each of the four glass tubes of the apparatus is the same and it If you add a non miscible fluid to one of the tubes by replacing the same amount of the fluid already there the level containing the non miscible fluid will be different from the other levels A 4 Components 4182 20 001 5405 30 e Capillary Tubes Glasswork Base Laws and principles investigated e Capillarity Jurin s Law Experiment eccc creer rere ee ee ee ee eee eee errr eee e nena eee cece c cere ereees Capillarity Narrow tubes and fluid behaviour Capillary action is a physical effect caused by the interactions of a liquid with the walls of a thin tube The capillary effect is a function of the ability of the liquid to wet a particular material It is due to surface tension by which the portion of the surface of a liquid coming in contact with a solid is elevated or depressed depending on the adhesive or cohesive properties of the liquid to Jurin s Law Jurin s Law The liquid reaches different levels depending on the size of the capillary tube and the difference in height increases as the radius decreases according 2T h Psr h is the height r is the capillary radius t is the surface tension of the liquid 75 SINGLE ITEMS SAPPAY
50. e eens eee eee c cere eeees Elastic and Inelastic Collisions Discover the differences between elastic and inelastic collision An elastic collision is a bounce of two objects where the kinetic energy is the same before and after the collision with Mechanics Upgrade 1 everyone can discover elastic collisions with a minimum loss of accuracy thanks to the pair of powerful magnet embedded in the Altay Carts and due to their low friction wheels Elastic collision with Altay Carts Instead in an inelastic collisions between two masses the kinetic energy is not conserved following the equation m v m Y m m Vy To perform this experiment Altay Carts are provided with Velcro strips to stick together in the collision 45 SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System e Mechanics Mechanics Upgrade 2 With our Mechanics Upgrade 2 you can use the Altay Track in a vertical plane to study free fall and motion of the pendulum Students acquiring data from Multiuse System in free fall configuration fe Components e Bench Clamp for vertical mount support 5402 05 e Support for Vertical Mount 4941 20 001 e Track Supports for Magnetics attachment 2x 4941 20 002 Free Fall Electromagnet 4941 20 003 e RCA Cable for electromagnet 2526 30 e Basket for Falling Spheres DAB134 e Stainless Steel Sphere 19 mm 4230 85 e Stainless Steel Sphere 25 mm 4230 87 e Polyester inelastic cord 4113 20 e Thre
51. eee cere reer reer cece eee eee eee enne Further examples of experiments performed using the Electrostatics System A quick look at the possibilities offered by this system Sample use of the pith ball electroscope The electrostatic charge causes the neon tube to light A DALTAY SCIENTIFIC Experiment e esses eee errr eee ees Electroscope usage Using the electroscope to measure the charges Charge PC z amp 653 331 Time Different charges induced by rubbing ebonite Perspex and glass with wool Experiment e Conductive sphere and hollow sphere How the charge is distributed in different shapes Charging the conductive sphere This experiment shows how the shape of the conductor influences the surface charge on it The first experiment shows that the surface charge in a conductive sphere depends on the quantity of charge you put in it In the second case despite the amount of charge placed on the hollow sphere the inner surface remains uncharged Measuring Measuring 7 the inner the surface charge of a charge of a hollow conductive sphere sphere 27 PHYSICS SYSTEMS OALTAY F av T avy lt SCIENTIFIC Magnetism amp Electromagnetism Magnetics System 1 4867 10 A basic introductory system to study the magnetism produced by various permanent magnets Magnet system with all components se cs
52. energy e g the dynamo e Controlling the luminous intensity of a lamp e Controlling the speed and direction of an electric motor e Using a buzzer in a circuit Use of a relay in a circuit DALTAY SCIENTIFIC PHYSICS SYSTEMS Electricity amp Electronics Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e B e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Dynamo How to transform mechanical into electrical energy A dynamo can be described as a kind of DC motor used in reverse Also known as an electrical generator it is a device for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy There are two types of generator or dynamo Both turn rotational energy into electrical energy One type involves rotating a coil inside a magnet The other involves rotating a magnet inside a coil like a dynamo found on a bicycle Both types produce alternating current Therefore a DC motor is a dynamo operating in reverse The electrical energy can then be used to power a buzzer ELECTRIC CIRCUIT ASSEMBLY SCHEME In this experiment the student can verify that the first motor is supplied with an electric voltage and transfers the mechanical motion to the second motor by means of a rubber band The motion produced by this motor is then used to produce an electric voltage which in turn can power the buzzer The buzzer will then produce an audible sound Transforming energy using a dynamo Experiment e
53. expansion of a solid i The apparatus comprises of a double metal plastic jacket containing the rods e Gunther Apparatus 4200 22 001 which will be raised to a temperature of 100 C A micrometer screw gauge is EA bods zP mounted at one end and will show any expansion of the rods Brass Aluminium Iron 4200 22 002 e Thermometer 10 to 110 C 2240 15 We make temperature measurement simple yet accurate We directly measure the temperature of each tube with a mercury thermometer E Laws and principles investigated A digital multimeter can be used together with the micrometer screw gauge Comes complete with one brass one aluminium and one iron rod of length 50 cm approx mounted Linear thermal expansion in the double jacket Experiment esse ccc creer reer ee ee ee ee eee eee errr eee eee n eee e cece cece cces Linear thermal expansion Apparatus ready to use How to measure the expansion of solids due to heat All bodies undergo variations in volume when their temperature increases or decreases For a body with length much greater than its width the expansion and i contraction are very evident and dependent on the material of the body L The forces associated with the thermal expansion and contraction are very powerful and are used widely in engineering and other applications Suppose an object of length L undergoes a temperature change of magnitude AT If AT is reasonably small the change in length AL is g
54. field is the use of iron filings The small iron fragments orient themselves like small magnetic needles along the direction of the field demonstrating the actual lines of force sa Magnetic field produced by two bar shape magnets with same polarity EA are Magnetic field produced by two bar shape magnets with opposite polarities This is a very interesting demonstration showing the lines of force of a magnet using iron filings Students can easily see where lines of force are greater simply by the greater density of the iron filings and how they line up and a very simple way to show how the North and South poles of a magnet differ Experiment sees eee ccc creer reer eee ee eee eee ees Magnetic field produced by a current Experiment to show the magnetic lines of force produced by a current flowing in a circular shape conductor When the current is turned off the magnetic When the current is turned on the magnetic field probe is aligned with the earth s field probe is aligned with the magnetic field magnetic field produced by the coil Magnetic field measured at the centre of a circular coil z 0 when the current is turned on at roughly two seconds and turned off at roughly six seconds from the beginning of the experiment 2 oh i Magnetic Field mT Magnetic field graph i 1 25 0 1080 Tirma a The screen shot shows a nice approximation of Amp re s
55. high power output signal A bipolar transistor works as a current regulator In a NPN transistor the main current goes from LP the collector to the emitter while the small current E goes from the base to the emitter Circuit setup Further examples of experiments with the Electronics System 1 Circuit diagram for a current amplifier using a NPN transistor A circuit mounted in the case ELECTRIC CIRCUIT ASSEMBLY SCHEME For example this experiment highlights the effect of the current amplification using an LED diode A light emitting diode LED is a diode that glows when a current flows into it in a forward direction In our circuit a resistance R 100 Q has been inserted in order to limit the current flowing through the LED Once the NPN transistor has been properly connected a current that flows through the LED will glow red This means that the small current injected through the base of the transistor has been amplified into a higher current through the collector and the LED 37 PHYSICS SYSTEMS SAPPAY Electricity amp Electronics Electronics System 2 4868 20 An advanced electronics system for circuit projects analysis and circuit testing NS Laws and principles investigated e Investigating the diode s physical behaviour in a circuit e Looking at the transistor s physical behaviour Polarization within a circuit e Stability of a transistor Experiments looking at th
56. inertia i UTA ra j f La aE eee i FT f d F a LAIN j Hl eM i FF T i S j F me io i i EAs 1 r a Hardware components Bice a p 06 se Disks for moment of inertia experiments Experiment s ss see e errr eee eee e eee Moment of Inertia A nice demonstration of the important concept of Inertia The moment of inertia of a solid body corresponds to its tendency to resist angular acceleration It is specified with respect to a chosen axis of rotation and generally has an integral form For a point mass it simplifies to the product of the mass m times the square of the distance r from the rotation axis Sample assembly for the Moment of Inertia Apparatus SAPPAY Specifications disks diam 36 cm and 20 cm Rod lenght 65 cm Equipment needed Digital Chronometer code 2231 52 Vernier Photogate code 2312 10 or Motion Detector code 2310 10 LabPro code 2300 10 The Moment of Inertia Apparatus allows students to verify the laws of the moment of inertia Discs of different masses and hollow cylinders can be mounted on a low friction system in order to perform qualitative and quantitative observations The apparatus can be used both with an electronic timer and photogates or with a datalogger system and a computer interface A v Components e Graduated Rod 4138 50 001 e Air Cushion 4138 50 002 Differential Pu
57. iow Specifications Sliding Contact Rheostat 4694 11 61 Changing the resistance value with a Sliding Contact Rheostat 108 Size 30 x 10 x 15 cm Weight approx 2 5 kg Sliding Contact Rheostat 2 9 Q max 9 A code 4694 11 Sliding Contact Rheostat 10 2 max 5 A code 4694 21 Sliding Contact Rheostat 50 Q max 2 2 A code 4694 31 Sliding Contact Rheostat 120 Q max 1 4 A code 4694 41 Sliding Contact Rheostat 300 Q max 0 9 A code 4694 51 Sliding Contact Rheostat 1400 2 max 0 4 A code 4694 61 A rheostat is similar to a potentiometer as they both control the input voltage by varying the level of resistance Available in different resistance values N Laws and principles investigated e Variable resistance Altay s Sliding Contact Rheostats AUTAY SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Electricity amp Electronics Experiment sees ec ccc creer eee eee ee ee eee eee eee eee renee ee eee eee e eer ereeees Variable resistance Suitable for use in many electricity experiments Each rheostat is fitted with three terminals that allow it to be used as a fixed or a variable resistance or a potentiometer Connecting the two black plugs to the circuit the rheostat works as a fixed resistance ES E Rheostat used as a fixed resistance Sanci a Connecting the black and red plugs to the circuit the rheostat works as a variable resistance i Rheostat used as a variable resistance dy With a more
58. logbook Apply the empirical formula relating the oscillation period the momentum of inertia and the torsional modulus T 27 d m Set the apparatus horizontal and take a static measure of the torsional modulus then compare the two Setup for the dynamical measure of the torsional modulus 72 SAPPAY SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Mechanics of Fluids Pellat Apparatus Specifications 4180 20 Size 24 x 28 x 55 cm Weight approx 4 5 kg A simple experiment to study The Pellat Apparatus is specifically designed to study the independence of hydrostatic pressure hydrostatic pressure from the shape of the vessel The apparatus is provided with glass cones of different shapes in order to study this principle A specifically designed pump system allows us to compare the pressures of different shapes The apparatus is composed of a supporting panel on which a cylindrical support is used to hold the various shaped containers fe Components A VY AT LULU LULY e Hoffman clip 5432 05 e Support for Vesseles Spare DRB004 e Membrane Set 4180 20 001 e Glassworks Set 4180 20 002 e Tubes Set 4180 20 003 e Carrier Structure WO004A1 e U Tube Manometer WOO6A1 NS Laws and principles investigated e Hydrostatic pressure e Communicating vessels principle Pellat Apparatus SS components aa S The bottom of the support is made of an elastic membrane which is the moving part of a capsule connected with an air gauge Pellat Appar
59. observe the spectral lines of sodium The full spectra can be seen by rotating the telescope By knowing the diffraction angle we can then work out the wavelength of the light Handheld Spectrometer A simple and affordable way to begin studying the spectral lines Altay s Handheld Spectrometer Spectrum Tubes 4470 10 50 Excitation of the gas in the tube produces light Hydrogen Spectrum Tube on Spectrum Tubes Holder Hydro T Helium Hydrogen and Helium emission spectra Specifications Equipment needed Size approx 28 x22 cm Weight approx 100 g Altay Handheld Spectrometer is the best solution to begin studying the spectral lines of a light source With this instrument every single student could explore spectrometry by his own Altay s Handheld Spectrometer allows to detect the spectral lines with precision Handheld Spectrometer at work Specifications All items are sold separately Spectrum Tubes Holder with Ballast Resistance code 4470 50 Size 12 x 12 x 36 cm Weight approx 260 g Equipment needed Regulated 5 kV Power Supply Unit code 2407 01 Placing a lamp in front of the collimator Spectrum Tubes Holder code 4470 50 with one or more Gas Tubes Regulated 5 kV Power Supply Unit code 2407 01 pa Laws and principles investigated e Visualizing atomic spectra for different kind of lamps e Light emission by excitation of electrons Gas tubes Size 1
60. on Stand Magnetics System 1 Magnetics System 2 Magnets Bar Magnets Chrome Steel Bar Magnets Cylindrical Magnets Neodymium lron Boron Magnets Plastic Cased Bar Magnets Ring Manometer U Tube Mechanical Equivalent of Heat Apparatus Mechanics Accessories Set Ooo 4862 10 4163 10 4210 10 4115 10 4640 75 2313 80 4612 12 4230 65 5406 30 34 2300 10 2300 30 4646 10 4646 15 2236 50 2236 60 4183 11 2315 10 4132 00 2300 50 4781 00 4184 48 4612 09 4611 81 4611 72 4611 71 4114 30 2313 50 4613 80 4867 10 4867 20 4611 65 4611 50 4611 18 4611 86 4611 40 4612 03 2242 20 4235 10 4114 35 Page 62 89 61 103 126 140 90 139 116 119 105 106 135 129 76 127 64 121 111 76 100 100 100 100 58 125 101 28 30 100 100 100 100 100 100 134 90 58 Description Mechanics System 1 Mechanics System 2 Mechanics System 3 Mechanics Upgrade 1 Mechanics Upgrade 2 Melde s Apparatus Mercury Millikan Apparatus Micrometer Dial Gauge Micrometer Screw Gauge Microphone Mixing Calorimeter Moment of Inertia Apparatus Motion Detector Motor Unit Multimeter Analogue Multimeter Digital Newton s Disk Newton s Tube Optical Bench Deluxe Edition Optical Bench Standard Edition Optics Accessories Set Optics System 1 Optics System 2 Optics System 3 Optics Upgrade 1 Optics Upgrade 2 Optics Upgrade 3 Oscillation Counter Electronic Oscilloscope
61. pressure Thanks to the high density and the very low saturated vapour pressure of mercury at normal temperatures it allows an immediate measure of the atmospheric pressure the world famous Torricelli s barometer y 4 7 av ee avy S SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Waves amp Oscillations Ripple Tank Specifications 4311 80 Size 52 x 44 x 40 cm Weight approx 6 5 kg New version of a very The Ripple Tank is a very effective tool that helps students effective tool that to understand wave mechanics The Ripple Tank is also helps students used to introduce develop and visually demonstrate wave understand theory such as refraction diffraction and interference wave mechanics Our unique system uses a pulsed air supply so that standing waves are easy to reproduce i No more difficult phase change oscillators to worry about As with all Altay products the Ripple Tank is supplied with all accessories including connecting cables and instruction manual Ripple Tank A lt Components e Tank WO057A1 e Ripple Tank Controller WO60A1 e Woofer WO65A1 Strobe lamp for ripple tank 4311 80 001 e Tubing Set 4311 80 005 e Figures Set 4311 80 006 e Mohr spring 5431 10 e Bush with Brass Insert 8x DAB122 Panels Set 4311 80 007 e Profiles Set 4311 80 008 P ECA _ Beater Set 4311 80 009 We use a unique pulsed air system to produce g Laws and principles investigated a
62. suggested Digital Multimeter code 2275 10 Magnetic Field Sensor code 2313 50 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 The Electricity System 2 is an advanced system designed to teach practical applications in circuits The system completes and can be used with our Electricity System 1 Our system consists of a set of plastic blocks which house the electrical components such as motors buzzers etc Each block connects to the base by two or four plugs with 4 mm sockets Once inserted into the board the circuit starts to build All the components of the kit are stored in a foam cushioned durable plastic storage case F Components Relay 6 12 V 4 plug 4764 70 e Motor Unit 3 12 V 4 plug 2x 4764 90 e Plastic Propeller 4764 91 e Motor Model 4 plug 4764 94 e Double C core 4730 80 e Spring Steel Clip 4730 81 e Coil 400 turns 2x 4730 91 e Coil 1600 turns 4730 87 e Toggle switch single pole 2 plug 4762 72 e Push button switch 2 plug 4762 70 e Reversing switch 4 plug 2x 4762 74 Bridging plugs 2 plug 2x 4762 20 e Buzzer 3 12 V 2 plug 4764 74 Plug in block components TE M mie a lE Ss gt 1 AX List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual Using a transformer Experiments with a relay The electric motor Electric energy transformation into mechanical energy e Mechanical energy transformation into electrical
63. the balance to equilibrium j e s Ey HT NA Iy IN HH il il WA Altay s Analytic Balance Model in static equilibrium Easy to use and set up the balance introduces the principles of static friction Set up the system including scale pans and hooks then tare or zero the apparatus with masses When the needle matches the zero offset rod you are ready to start Tare the balance 57 SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Statics Magnetic Board A versatile solution to demonstrate mechanics optics electricity electronics and radioactivity using a unique magnetic display board Altay s Magnetic Board A 4 Components e Magnetic Board W146A1 e External Power Supply 220 AC 50 Hz 2402 56 Mechanics Accessories Set Discover static forces with the Magnetic Board Using Magnetic Board with mechanics accessories ALTAY 4 av se avy lt SCIENTIFIC Specifications Size 95 x 81 x 41 cm Approx weight 12 kg Embedded power supply output 3 3 V 5 V 12 V DC 1A Compatible equipment Mechanics Accessories Set code 4114 35 Falling Bodies Upgrade code 4114 36 Optics Accessories Set code 4114 37 Electricity System 1 code 4866 10 Electronics System 1 code 4868 10 Radioactivity Bench code 4832 00 The Altay Magnetic Display Board provides an excellent sturdy support for class demonstration of a wide variety of experiments in mechanics optics electricity electronics and radioa
64. the electrical resistance of the material and the current flow induced in it this heat represents the kinetic energy being absorbed and it s analogous to heat generation in a friction brake Observe the different behaviour of the slitted and the solid flag 48 ALTAY SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System Optics U pg rade 1 Equipment needed 4944 11 Altay Track Set code 4954 12 Transformer 12 V code 2403 14 The Optics Upgrade 1 is designed to convert the Altay Track into an optical bench The Optics Upgrade 1 allows students to configure the Altay Track as an optical bench The Optical Bench using Altay Track You will have all you need to study geometric optics photometry focal length of lenses mirrors and much more F Components Set of 4 Biconvex Spherical Lenses 4445 00 Set of 4 Biconcave Spherical lenses 4441 00 e Set of 4 Concave Spherical Mirrors 4431 00 Set of 4 Convex Spherical Mirrors 4435 00 e Equilateral glass prism 4450 10 e Set of seven diaphragms 4414 12 e White metal screen 4418 35 e Holder for slides and diaphragms 4414 03 NS Laws and principles investigated e Projector with 12V 20W halogen lamp 4414 18 e Halogen lamp 12V 20W 4414 19 e Convergent and divergent lenses Concave and convex mirrors e Prism table 4418 29 Focal length Gauss approximation e Holder for lenses and mirrors 4x 4414 02 e The eye hyperopic and myopic eye I
65. time Newton s Tube Specifications 4134 00 Size 5 x 105 cm dia x height Weight 0 7 kg A falling body is independent of its mass and shape Equipment needed Vacuum pump code 4184 21 A Using Newton s Tube we can demonstrate the independence of mass and shape of a falling body The apparatus consists of a vacuum tube containing a feather and a piece of metal We can visually demonstrate ie both bodies falling together inside the evacuated tube Newton s Tube Laws and principles investigated Detail of Free fall motion in vacuum the falling bodies Experiment sess eee e cece reer reer eee eee ee ee eee Newton s 2 Law of Motion To verify that the falling velocity is independent of mass and shape A force will produce an acceleration proportional to the mass of the body as stated by 24 Newton s Law of Motion We can show that acceleration due to gravity g is independent of mass m as follows Gravity force and ke Mg Theory tells Newton s which willmake Qf acceleration is 2nd Law of Motion F ma independent of mass The masses simplify as we can observe thanks to Newton s Tube 65 SAMAY SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Dynamics Free Fall and Pendulum Apparatus Also available with Remote Control code 4134 70 RC 4134 70 Specifications A complete solution for the study of free fall and Vertical column height 170 cm Scaled surface length 150 cm pendulum motion
66. we have minimised projectile spin so that we can ensure the highest accuracy in hitting the exact stop each time Also featured is a sturdy bench top clamp which can be rigidly secured to any table surface to ensure repeatable results each time the projectile is launched Our launcher can also be fitted with photogates which allows precise calculations of launch velocities acceleration and for monkey and hunter experiments With the help of a simple digital camera and a motion analysis software it is also possible to study the motion in great detail Projectile Launcher with photogates fe Components e Millimetred sheet e Carbon sheet Projectile Launcher Assembly 5x 4135 10 001 5x 4135 10 002 4135 11 e Stainless Steel Sphere 2x 4230 85 e Landing Base DAB022 a Laws and principles investigated e Projectile motion Decomposition of motions Acceleration of gravity ae Projectile Launcher components Experiment gt se see eee ccc ee eee eee eee ee ee ee ee eee reer eee eee ee eee eee cccees Study of motion of a projectile An experiment to analyse the motion of a projectile The projectile fired by a gun is a good example of motion there will always be constant acceleration acceleration due to gravity g as described below Projectile motion showing constant acceleration Using this graph it is possible to draw the trajectory of motion and deduce the following equa
67. whan Optical Bench 4413 92 verification of Malus Law Universal Base with knob 2x 5405 73 se e Thread adapter for Universal Base 2x DBROO7 i e Slider for Holder with knob 4x 4414 01 e Slider for Projector with knob 4414 17 e Biconvex Lens for Hartl Disk f 85 mm 4419 06 e Biconvex Lens for Hartl Disk f 135 mm 4419 07 e Biconcave Lens for Hartl Disk f 135 mm 4419 08 ap Trapezoidal Prism for Hartl Disk 4419 09 e Triangular Prism for Hartl Disk 90 45 45 4419 10 e Deformable Mirror for Hartl Disk 4419 11 Ray box with coloured filters slits two Plane Mirror for Hartl Disk 4419 12 side parts with mirror and transformer e Refraction Index Vessel for Hartl Disk 60 mm dia 4419 13 e Polarization Tank with two Rubber Stopper 4454 11 Support for Polarization Tank 4454 15 e Pair of polarizing filter 4453 90 e Photometer 4486 20 e Transformer 12 V2 5A 2403 14 e Ray optics and colour mixing box with lamp coloured filters slits mirrors 4402 30 e Base support for ray optics box 4402 35 e White metal screen 4418 35 Lens set with flexible mirror and Hartl disk 3 Pair of polarising a filters photometer screen and plexiglas Optical bench with cylinder with support accessories PHYSICS SYSTEMS Optics NS Laws and principles investigated Principles of bi concave bi convex lenses and mirrors Mixing colours e Fermat s principle Determine the focal length of a lens Hart
68. 0 Base for Capillary Tube and Communicating Vessels 5405 30 12 PHYSICS SYSTEMS Mechanics NS Laws and principles investigated Adhesion and cohesion Archimedes principle Bernoulli s theorem e Boyle s Law Buoyant force Capillarity e Cartesian diver e Communicating vessels Density of a solid body e Density of two immiscible liquids Drag coefficient Force pump e Hagen Poiseuille Law Hare s apparatus Hydraulic brake e Hydrostatic pressure Jurin s Law Mariotte s bottle e Ostwald viscometer Pascal s Law Perfect gas Law e Relative density of two non mixable fluids Reynold s number Siphon e Stevino s Law Stoke s formula Surface tension Terminal velocity e The Archimedes principle The Gamow Oppenheimer Bloch puzzle e Torricelli s theorem U tube manometer Venturi tube 1 AX e Principles of the manometer Communicating vessels e Hydrostatic pressure and Pascal s Law Stevino s Law e Archimedes Law Bernoulli s equation Torricelli s theorem e Determination of the volume of a solid body e Determination of density and of specific weight of a solid body e Determination of density of immiscible liquids Capillarity e Boyle s Law Pumps and siphons Adhesion and cohesion e Cartesian diver Measurement of surface tension Viscosity List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual ALTAY SCIENTIFIC Experiment e e e
69. 0 C Accuracy 1 C code 2240 28 Range 10 C 50 C Accuracy 0 1 C code 2240 30 Range 10 C 110 C Accuracy 0 1 C code 2240 37 Range 5 C 5 C Accuracy 0 05 C code 2240 50 Other types available on request please call sales office Specifications Range 10 C 110 C Range 10 C 200 C Accuracy 1 C Accuracy 2 C code 2245 15 code 2245 25 Other types available on request please call sales office Advanced functions generator for circuit tests This Function Generator is a crucial part of any electronics lab for testing circuits This unit offers a complete solution in generating sine triangle square ramp and pulse signals Features include gate and trigger outputs burst waveform outputs sweep functions VCG inputs GCV functions AM modulations frequency counters and much more Specifications Input 220 V 50 Hz Output Frequency Range 0 01 10 Mhz Amplitude Range 10 Vpp 50 Q Output Impedance 50 Q 10 Complete datasheet available on request Audio Frequency Generator Ideal for generating different frequencies in circuits f The versatile Audio Frequency Generator is indispensable in electronics labs Ideal for testing circuits with its multiple function and frequency outputs it is an absolute must to teaching labs Specifications Input 220 V 50 Hz Waveform sine square triangular Frequency Range 10 200 Hz 100 2 kHz 1 kHz
70. 0 007 e Trigger for Cart 4114 80 008 Pair of Velcro Bumpers 4114 80 010 e Hook for Cart 4114 80 011 Electronic timer with electromagnet and photogates Specifications Size 124 x 28 x 12 cm Weight approx 7 kg Packing external suitcase in hard ABS internal foam to prevent accidental shock Equipment suggested Electronic Balance code 2219 30 Motion Detector code 2310 10 or Go Motion code 2320 10 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 The Mechanics System 2 allows us to verify many kinematics and dynamics principles by using a low friction system The basic theory involves topics such as Newton s Laws of Motion Conservation of Energy and Momentum Friction and many others Contents of accessories boxes NS Laws and principles investigated e Conservation of momentum and energy Acceleration and velocity e Eddy currents Elastic and inelastic collisions Friction Law of Inertia e Kinetic and potential energy Newton s 1st Law Newton s 2nd Law e Rectilinear uniform motion Rolling friction Uniform accelerated rectilinear motion WS List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual e Concept of inertia Conservation of momentum and energy e Determination of velocity and acceleration Laws of dynamic Elastic and inelastic collisions Energy conservation e Inclined plane Kinetic and potential energy e Laws of mo
71. 0 V DC 10A continuously adjustable 0 22 V AC 10A continuously adjustable 6 V 5 AAC fixed Protection Magnetothermic circuit breaker 1 5 A fuse for variable outputs 6 3 A fuse for fixed outputs 138 Regulated 5 kV Power Supply Unit 2407 01 Designed for power supply to spectrum lamps This power supply unit has been specially designed as a power source for spectrum lamps and discharge tubes It supplies high tension up to 5 kV or even more if used in combination with a controlled AC DC converter Both the LT and HT outputs are floating and the current from the HT output is limited to safe levels by the unit Specifications Input 220 V 50 Hz Output ranges HT 0 5 kV DC 3 mA continuously variable LT 6 V AC insulated from 5 kV Electronic with 1 A fuse protection Comes complete with high tension cables Low Voltage Power Supply A low tension power supply unit for laboratory needs Supplies the low voltages most commonly used in the laboratory Protected against overload The front panel of the metal case has two meters indicating output current and voltage of output 2 The front panel also houses output sockets Reset and ON OFF switch Specifications Input 220 V 50 Hz Output ranges 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 18 VAC 10A 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 18 V DC 10A 6 V 10 AAC fixed Power Supply 30 A 2407 60 The ideal solution for high current requests This power supply is great for powering
72. 0 mm Set of seven cubes of equal side 20 mm and different mass in iron brass lead copper tin aluminium and zinc for experiments on density measurements X Laws and principles investigated e Density Specifications Track length 28 5 cm Using our simple apparatus you can demonstrate the conservation of momentum and conservation of energy by showing elastic and inelastic collision experiments f J Components Elastic and Inelastic e Aluminium ramp with attached Collision in 2D set screw and nut set 4130 20 001 apparatus Steel ball 13 mm 2x 4130 20 002 e Glass ball 13 mm 4130 20 003 e Wood ball 25 mm drilled 4130 20 004 e Plumb line and bob 4130 20 005 N Laws and principles investigated e Conservation of energy in elastic collisions e Conservation momentum in elastic collisions e Conservation of momentum and loss of energy in inelastic and perfectly inelastic collisions SS Mp e00 Elastic and Inelastic Collision in 2D apparatus components Experiment s sees eee ccc cr creer reece eee ee ee eee reer eee reece eee cee cece cees Example of elastic collision In order to investigate the elastic collision effect choose two steel balls of equal mass make one roll down the inclined ramp and collide with the second one at the rest on the support The kinetic energy and momentum of the balls before collision can be easily determined as their masses and the height of the ramp are already known What wi
73. 03 C 0 40 C 0 1 C 40 100 C 0 25 C 100 125 C 10 bit Resolution CBL CBL 2 0 3 C 25 0 C 0 12 C 0 40 C 0 4 C 40 100 C 1 0 C 100 125 C ALTAY SCIENTIFIC DATALOGGER amp SENSORS Sensors Relative Humidity Sensor Light Sensor Ideal for environmental measurements Vernier RELATIVE p y The Relative Humidity Sensor contains an integrated circuit that can be used to monitor relative humidity over the range of 0 to 95 5 Use this sensor for weather studies monitoring greenhouses or for determining l days when static electrical discharges could Sensor for experiments involving light The Light Sensor emulates the human eye in spectral response and can be used over three different illumination ranges which you select with a switch Use it for inverse square law experiments studying polarizer reflectivity or solar energy be a problem Specifications Specifications Range 0 100 Typical Accuracy 5 UVA and UVB Sensor 2815 20 21 Devices for measurements in the radiation field _ Vernior iy sannon Specifications UVA Sensor code 2315 20 Range 0 18 000 mW m2 Wavelength sensitivity region approx 320 to 390 nm UV peak sensitivity one volt per 3 940 mW m2 at 340 nm 12 bit Resolution LabPro Go Link 5 mW m2 10 bit Resolution CBL CBL 2 20 mW m2 UVB Sensor code 2315 21 Range 0 900 mW m2 Wavelength sens
74. 07 55 The essential form of the apparatus gives a natural approach to the empirical basis of Boyle s Law It becomes a simple way to approach the experimental side of physics and to introduce at sight the concepts of vacuum pressure density etc r g Components e Graduated Burette 4187 20 e Reservoir tube 4187 21 e Hookup for pipe 4x DDLOO1 e Knob Policarbonate Yellow M5 x 10mm 2x DGAKNR M5X10 Me lead e Tube for Boyle apparatus DSROO1 peda e Sliding support for profile 2x W012A1 e Stand for Boyle s law apparatus W115A1 N Laws and principles investigated Boyle s Law Atmospheric pressure Experiment e sees eee e eee eee eee ee eee eee ee eee ee Boyle Mariotte Law An experimental approach to this physical phenomena na h o The tube filled with mercury and connected to a closed reservoir allows to study the aeriform substance in the expansion container By raising or lowering the other end of the tube compression or rarefaction of the gas is obtained PV K The product of pressure and volume of a gas is constant when temperature is fixed The variation of the height of the mercury column implies a simultaneous change of the volume occupied by the substance eee Pere Rae eee eo Boyle Mariotte empirical law Example showing the compression of gas Particular showing the expansion of gas This apparatus can also be used to estimate the atmospheric
75. 108A1 e Support for Radioactivity Sources DAB023 e Container for Absorbers DABO25 e Geiger Muller Rate Counter 2236 01 e Geiger Muller Probe 4825 00 e Power Supply 9 V 2402 54 Stereo Cable 2526 31 e Radioactivity Sources Alpha Beta Gamma 4822 50 e Metal Screen Lead 30 x 1 mm 5x DLEOO1 e Metal Screen Lead 30 x 5 mm DLE002 e Metal Screen Lead 30 x 10 mm DLE003 e Metal Screen Brass 30 x 1 mm 5x DBR012 e Metal Screen Galvanized Iron 30 x 1 mm 5x DIROO6 e Metal Screen Aluminium 30 x 1 mm 5x DALO15 Radioactive sources and metallic screens hs y F f P 2 Experiment esse ccc reer eee eee ee ee eee eee eee eee reer eee ee eee cee cee eevee Radioactive sources and effect of metal screens Determination of Radioactive alfa beta and gamma decay and study of shielding effect of metal screens Altay Radioactivity bench is suited for an easy measure of the radioactive decay of the different sources supplied Setting up the time interval to a specified value can be quickly measured the radioactive activity in becqerel Bq applying the know physics laws If a quantity of radioactive material produces one decay event per second it has an activity of one Bq Since any reasonably sized sample of radioactive material contains many atoms one becquerel is a tiny level of activity numbers on the order of gigabecquerels are commonly seen With the different metal screens supplied is also possible to study t
76. 114 83 e Masshanger for cart 4114 80 003 e Massholder with masses total weight 250 g 4111 74 e Bubble level 4180 70 e Friction box 4114 71 Students using the Inclined Plane Discover how friction changes depending on the surface smoothness 61 OALTAY MT av T avy lt SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Statics Hooke s Law Apparatus Specifications The Hooke s Law experiment set allows students to investigate the relationship between the force applied to a spring and the amount of PG Components stretch on the spring Hooke s Law Apparatus Stand 4163 10 001 e Cylindrical Mass with Hook 25 g 2x 4111 10 a This rugged experiment features a Cylindrical Mass with Hook 50 g 2x 4111 12 Hooke s Law Bary heavy base to allow student to stretch spring length 150 mm DST002 APPRIS springs without toppling the unit Spring length 75 mm DST003 We have printed an easy to read Spring length 122 mm DST004 measuring scale on the side for easy e Weight Holder 4163 10 002 reading e Sliding Support with Pivot 2x 4163 10 003 NS Laws and principles investigated e Hooke s Law Determination of the elastic constant of a spring Hydrostatic balance Experiment sees eee reer eee eee eee eee ee ee ee ee ee Hooke s Law Experiment a ae The force applied to a spring is directly proportional to the distance it will stretch This behaviour is regulated by Hooke s Law val
77. 20 kHz Amplitude Range 0 20 Vpp Output Impedance 4 Q 600 Q Transformer 12 V 2403 14 24 AC Transformer for multiple applications j i Ma Pas Mad F 4 pte ome ine ESC oe ee I neun ERNI a Ba Ha This general purpose 12 V AC Transformer is useful in many applications in schools as supply unit for lamps circuits and so on Enclosed in a sturdy ABS box it has 4 mm sockets for connections an on off switch and fuse for high current protection Specifications Input 220 V AC 50 Hz Output 12 V AC 2 5 A Max Also available Input 110 V AC 60 Hz code 2403 24 137 GENERAL ACCESSORIES SAPPAY Power Supply amp Function Generator Multitap Transformer A general purpose laboratory transformer This transformer is very useful in physics electricity and electronics laboratories for multiple outputs at different voltages Specifications Input 220 V 50 Hz Outputs 0 4 6 9 12 V AC Current output 2 A Max In plastic case with on off switch 4 mm output sockets fuse and cables Low Tension Power Supply Unit 2408 00 Low tension laboratory power supply unit This unit supplies the voltages most commonly used in laboratories In the front panel you can find a current or tension regulator 4 mm plugs for variable AC DC and fixed AC outputs voltmeter and ammeter for output current and tension measures Specifications Input 220 V 50 Hz Output ranges 0 3
78. 24 124 124 125 125 125 125 125 125 126 126 126 126 126 127 127 127 127 Radiation Monitor alpha beta gamma 127 Ph Sensor Conductivity Probe Go Motion Go Temp Go Link Transformer 12 V Transformer Multitap Bridge Rectifier Power Supply Regulated 5 kV Power Supply 30 A Power Supply Low Tension Power Supply Low Voltage Power Supply Regulated AC DC Connecting Leads Tubular Spring Balance Metal Tubular Spring Balance Plastic Force Table Balance Demonstration Model Magnetic Board Mechanics Accessories Set 127 128 128 128 128 137 138 107 138 138 138 138 138 139 134 134 56 57 58 58 Falling Bodies Upgrade for Magnetic Board 60 Optics Accessories Set Inclined Plane Elastic and Inelastic Collision in 2D Linear Air Track System Newton s Tube Free Fall and Pendulum Apparatus Projectile Launcher Pendulum Simple Pendulum Multiple Moment of Inertia Apparatus Centrifugal Force Apparatus 60 61 63 64 65 66 68 69 69 70 71 145 AUTAY SCIENTIFIC NUMERICAL INDEX Code Description Page Code Description Page 4163 10 Hooke s Law Apparatus 62 4611 50 Magnets Chrome Steel Bar 100 4170 00 Torsion Balance 72 4611 65 Magnets Bar 100 4180 12 Pascals Apparatus 74 4611 71 Magnet U Shaped 100 4180 20 Pellat Apparatus 73 4611 72 Magnet Horseshoe Flat 100 4180 42 Spouting Jar 74 4611 81 Magnet Horseshoe 100 4180 60 Communicating Vessels 75
79. 2x 5408 81 L500 5408 81 L350 5401 20 4620 90 Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e amp e e e e e e e e e e Centrifugal force How to measure the intensity of the centrifugal force According to Newton s 3rd Law of Motion for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction In centripetal forces the action is balanced by a reaction force and the centrifugal centre fleeing force The two forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction The rotating mass is held in its path by a string which transmits the centrifugal force to the force sensor meanwhile the photogate detects the passage of the mass at every revolution The measurements collected through the datalogger readily allow us to relate the centrifugal force to the angular velocity of the mass T E Ph ad E 5 PENA Data of the 4 centrifugal force i k fo Tome Gi In the graph experimental data is plotted in red and predicted data in green E The dataplot shows different values of the intensity of the centrifugal force for various angular velocities Centrifugal Force Apparatus setup 71 SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Dynamics Torsion Balance 4170 00 Static and dynamical measurement of the torsional modulus of a metal wire Altay s Torsion Balance ready to work Balance arm with cylindrical weights housed in the wire clamp s plughole metal wires of
80. 4 30 for class demonstration NS Laws and principles investigated F Components e Voltage and current measurement Ohm s Law e Board for Electricity and Electronics e Kirchhoff s Laws Resistance capacitance and inductance in circuits e Voltmeter 0 15 V and 0 1 5 V 4 plug Investigating the Potentiometer e Ammeter 0 500 mA and 0 50 mA 4 plug e Charge and discharge of a capacitors in circuits RC RL and RLC circuits e Resistor 100 Q 2 W 2 plug e Magnetic energy and mechanical forces in circuits e Resistor 220 Q 2 W 2 plug e Mutual induction in circuits Series parallel circuit e Resistor 470 Q 2 W 2 plug e Electromagnetism in circuits e Resistor 1 kQ 2 W 2 plug e Resistor 4 7 KQ 0 25 W 2 plug _ e Resistor 10 kQ 0 25 W 2 plug i E i w i o o e Potentiometer 100 Q 5 W 4 plug Voltmeter J beni Lamp holder for E10 bulbs 2 plug ammeter i j Capacitor 1000 uF 2 plug cell holders E n paare e Two cell holder 4 plug switches r o Coil 10 mH 2 plug and bridging e Compass plugs SS T Bridging plugs 2 plug e Push button switch 2 plug e Toggle switch single pole 2 plug e Lamp bulb E10 2 8 V WS List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual g Lamp bulb E10 6 V Investigating the Voltmeter Investigating the Ammeter e Lamp bulb E10 12 V e Electric resistance Ohm s Laws Series versus Parallel Circuits e Cylindrical magnet
81. 4470 12 Mercury code 4470 13 Hydrogen code 4470 14 Oxygen code 4470 15 Nitrogen code 4470 16 Carbon Dioxide code 4470 17 The Spectrometer is used to study the spectral lines of a light source Altay s Spectrometer allows you to detect the spectral lines with precision and to measure the corresponding wavelength HEEN Easy to use and robust this instrument is particularly suitable for classrooms k Altay s Spectrometer with accessories a Laws and principles investigated e Dispersion of light from a prism Diffraction of light from a diffraction grating e Measurement of a dispersion power of a prism Refraction index of a prism e Measurement of the diffraction power of a grating Visualizing atomic spectra for different kind of lamps e Light emission by excitation of electrons Measurement of the wavelength of the spectral lines e Quantum energy levels Intensity of a spectral line 95 SINGLE ITEMS Optics OALTAY 7 L A T avy lt SCIENTIFIC Experiment sees eee c cere rere ee ee ee eee ee ee eee eee reer eens ee ee ee ec ccccces Spectral Lines Measuring the wavelength of the hydrogen spectra The spectrometer is an ideal instrument for analysing the spectral lines of a light source In order to perform the experiment set the position of the sodium lamp so that the collimator is properly aligned The diffraction grating is then placed in its holder allowing you to
82. 485 33 e Slide with 6 slit width 0 06 mm separation 0 20 mm 4485 34 e Coarse grating 1 4 lines per mm line space ratio 3 1 4485 25 e Coarse grating 2 4 lines per mm line space ratio 6 1 4485 26 e Coarse grating 3 8 lines per mm line space ratio 3 1 4485 27 e Metal gauze 300 mesh for bidimensional diffraction grating 4485 23 Diffraction grating with three different rulings 100 300 and 600 lines per mm 4455 20 Solid state laser with cylindrical lens and polariser ALTAY SCIENTIFIC PHYSICS SYSTEMS Optics Experiment e e e e e e e e o e o e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e o e e e e e e e o e e e e e e e o e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Fraunhofer diffraction Using a Diffraction grating to create a diffraction pattern Diffraction of light occurs when a light wave passes by a corner or through an opening or slit that is physically the approximate size of or even smaller than that light s wavelength Diffraction describes a specialized case of light scattering in which an object with regularly repeating features such as a diffraction grating produces an orderly diffraction of light in a diffraction pattern These phenomena can be described through the Huygens Fresnel s Principle Huygens postulated that as a wave propagates through a medium each point on the advancing wavefront acts as a new point source of the wave For instance the points inside a slit become sources of virtual elementary spherical wa
83. 8 4611 40 Magnets Plastic Cased Bar 100 4922 10 Timing Set 54 146 Code 4941 12 4941 13 4941 14 4941 16 4941 17 4941 21 4941 51 4941 60 4944 11 4944 20 4944 30 4954 12 5401 20 5401 22 5401 23 5401 43 5404 52 60 5405 70 74 5406 30 34 5408 81 L350 L1000 5416 20 5511 00 NUMERICAL INDEX Description Cart without Plunger Cart with Plunger Mechanics Upgrade 1 Coupled Pendulum Set EM Trigger amp Launcher for Cart Mechanics Upgrade 2 Eddy Current Set Ball Launcher for Cart Optics Upgrade 1 Optics Upgrade 2 Optics Upgrade 3 Track Set Bosshead Metal Bosshead Bosshead Squared Bosshead Swivel Stand Universal Retort Base Universal Laboratory Jack Rods Extension Clamp with Rod Bunsen Burner with Accessories Page 55 55 44 48 55 46 48 54 49 51 53 43 139 139 140 140 139 139 139 140 140 140 ALTAY SCIENTIFIC 147 AL TAY Crafted for your world OUR FOCUS ON QUALITY All Altay products are built to the most demanding quality standards We combine high level R amp D with low cost manufacturing to develop and market products that fully satisfy our customers performance and budget requirements We have been granted the ISO 9001 quality standard certification by SGS and the Worlddidac Quality Certificate Award a documented quality assurance of our products and services ISO 9001 Certified Company STRATEGIC PARTNER Vernier International
84. Assembly datalogger with a magnetic field sensor for magnetic y axis and a current sensor x axis hysteresis experiment 2D magnetic field viewer 29 PHYSICS SYSTEMS ALTAY Magnetism amp Electromagnetism Magnetics System 2 4867 20 An intermediate lab system to investigate the magnetic field produced by permanent magnets and electric currents fe Components e Pair of bar magnets 4867 20 001 Iron filings package of 300 g 4612 12 e Support for acrylic discs 4867 20 002 e Clear acrylic disc for permanent magnet experience 4867 20 003 e Magnetic needle probe 4615 10 e Plastic funnel 1640 60 e Clear acrylic disc with straight wire conductor 4867 20 006 e Clear acrylic disc with long solenoid conductor 4867 20 007 e Clear acrylic disc vertical coil conductor 4867 20 008 e Pair of ferromagnetic bars 4610 50 e Aluminium ring 4867 20 010 N Laws and principles investigated e Amp re s Law Biot Savart Law Investigation of Magnetic circuits e Magnetic field produced by permanent magnets e Magnetic field produced by a current North south poles of a magnet Investigation of paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substances FS List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual e Magnetic field produced by permanent magnets Magnetic poles e Magnetic field produced by an electric current in a coil e Magnetic field produced by an electric current in a wire e Magnetic field prod
85. Available from November 2008 Voltage range 0 30 V resolution 0 04 V frequency 20 1000 Hz Current range 0 10 A resolution 0 01 A frequency 20 1000 Hz Phase angle 90 90 Mains supply 110 V 230 V 50 60 Hz 129 lt Lt POWER SUPPLY 2408 00 Measuring Instruments cc cee e eee eee 132 Power Supply amp Function Generator 137 Laboratory General Accessories 0005 139 GENERAL ACCESSORIES Measuring Instruments Tape Measure Vernier Caliper Basic measuring tools for the school lab A low cost flexible steel ruler ideal for any school laboratory Comes in different lengths with thumb lock Specifications Length 2 m code 2211 10 Length 3 m code 2211 12 Length 5 m code 2211 15 Micrometer Screw Gauge A precise instrument to measure thickness of a material A Micrometer Screw Gauge also called external micrometer is typically used to measure wires spheres shafts and blocks This instrument will give measurement of extremely high accuracy Specifications Range 0 25 mm Sensitivity 0 01 mm Micrometer Dial Gauge Length comparator The Micrometer Dial Gauge allows precise measurements of differences in length It is very useful in the study of the thermal expansion in solids Specifications Range 0 10 mm Sensitivity 0 01 mm 132 The original accurate measuring tool
86. BS internal foam for prevention accidental breakage Equipment suggested Electronic Balance code 2219 30 Dual Range Force Sensor code 2311 10 Motion Detector code 2310 10 or Go Motion code 2320 10 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 Our high quality Mechanics System 1 comes in a heavy duty ABS plastic carry case for ease of storage Simple to set up with all components easily accessible The system consists of balance inclined plane friction block weights simple machines pulleys levers springs and scales A variety of experiments can be carried out using this kit Accessory box with part of its contents e Flat mass 300 mg 2221 16 e Steel spring with pointer 2x 4110 81 e Hook for Cart 4114 80 011 e Rod with clip 2x 4113 50 e Rod diam 10 mm length 127 mm with hook 2x 4113 53 e Red pointer with clip 4113 54 e Suspension ring 5401 60 e Knob Inox Blue M4 x 10 mm DGAKNB M4X10 Axel with fixing screw for differential pulley 2x 4112 45 e Metal bosshead 20 x 20 x 40 mm with knobs 2x 5401 20 e Bosshead 3x 5401 22 Polyester inelastic cord diam 0 8 mm length 10 m 4113 20 e Mass hanger 10 g 4111 56 e Slotted mass 10 g 5x 4111 51 e Metal ring dia 20 mm 4861 10 024 e Brass hook diam 3 mm length 50 mm 2x 4861 10 026 e Brass hook diam 3 mm length 40 mm 7x 4861 10 027 e G Hook 2x 4113 35 e Balance hook 2x 4861 10 029 e Rubber
87. C 100 135 C 10 bit Resolution CBL CBL 2 0 68 C 40 0 C 0 12 C 0 40 C 0 4 C 40 100 C 126 Sensor to amplify chart recorder and many other instruments The Instrumentation Amplifier monitors voltages from 20 mV to 1 V DC or AC It has several switch settings to allow you to select the best gain It is typically used to amplify the chart recorder or analogue output of any instrument Such as a Gas Chromatograph This sensor uses type K thermocouple wire to measure temperatures over the range of 200 to 1 400 C It can be used to measure flame temperatures as high as 1 400 C or liquid nitrogen temperatures at 196 C The Thermocouple has an internal ice point compensation chip so you do not need to place a reference wire in an ice water bath You can simply use one measuring lead to take temperature readings Each Thermocouple is individually calibrated Specifications Range 200 1 400 C Typical Accuracy 0 900 C 2 C a 200 0 C 5 C 900 1 400 C 15 C Surface Temperature Sensor Versatile temperature sensor Featuring an exposed Thermistor that results in an extremely rapid response time the Surface Temperature Sensor is ideal for situations in which low thermal mass or flexibility is required or for a skin temperature measurement For use in air only r Specifications Range 25 125 C 12 bit Resolution LabPro Go Link 0 08 C 25 0 C 0
88. Capillary Tubes Cart without Plunger Cart with Plunger Centrifugal Force Apparatus Charge Sensor Chronometer Analogue Chronometer Digital Circular Coil Communicating Vessels Compass Demonstration Compound Bar Conductivity Probe Connecting Leads Convection Apparatus Coupled Pendulum Set 142 Code 2311 20 2311 21 4628 32 4184 95 2290 50 4114 18 2219 30 34 2218 00 2218 10 2219 60 66 2218 20 4941 60 4200 15 4645 02 2242 62 2242 50 2311 30 2312 13 5405 70 74 4200 80 5401 22 5401 20 5401 23 5401 43 4187 19 2404 13 5511 00 4184 93 2213 10 4690 00 04 4182 20 4941 12 4941 13 4142 70 2313 10 2231 05 2231 52 4640 50 4180 60 4614 50 4200 60 2317 20 2522 02 14 4210 91 4941 16 ALPHABETICAL INDEX Page Description Crooke s Radiometer Current Probe Code 4215 20 2313 20 SAPPAY Page 91 125 Data Logging Packages Decade Resistance Box Different Bodies with Equal Mass Differential Voltage Probe Digital Timer Electronic Docking Station Dynamics Sensor System Wireless Dynamo Demonstration 2300 61 63 122 4693 00 50 108 4230 97 62 2313 40 125 2232 50 135 2236 65 129 2300 20 118 4739 40 111 EasyLink Eddy Current Set Elastic and Inelastic Collision in 2D Electric Meter Mounted Electricity System 1 Electricity System 2 Electrode Amplifier Electromagnet U Shaped Electronics System 1 Electronics System 2 Electroscope
89. Elastic collision magnets magnets sides Specifications Available from September 2008 Specially designed to fit on Altay Track Set code 4954 12 Equipment needed Altay Track Set code 4954 12 Mechanics Upgrade 1 code 4941 14 Timing Set code 4922 10 The new Altay EM Trigger amp Launcher for Cart is an ideal complement to the Mechanics Upgrade 1 It allows a repeatability impossible to achieve by hand or any other method The EM Trigger amp Launcher for Cart can be used in dynamics experiments to investigate acceleration as a function of the impressed force and as a trigger for studying the motion on an inclined plane Our specially designed easy release mechanism can give an impulse to the cart in an almost frictionless way thus allowing repeatable and accurate results each time Ideal for use with our Timing Set code 4922 10 95 SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Statics SAPPAY Specifications Force Table Discover the addition of forces in an easy way l Force Table i Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e The Rule of the Parallelogram Consider two vectors a and b with e4 2 and e3 orthogonal unit vectors a de Ttae tae b be b e be The sum of a and b is at b a b e tla d Je a B Je This result can be graphically represented using arrows placing the end of the b arrow on the tip of the a arrow Drawing another arrow from the end of th
90. ND gate can be De Morgan s Laws PaQ AP v AQ turned into an OR gate by inverting the sense in Boolean formal So oh as logic notation a Pv Q AP a of the logic at its inputs and outputs Other examples of gates using the Altay Logic Board Ty The OR Gate is high if one input is high and NOT Gate NPN Si Type NOT Gate integrated type the other is low 112 SINGLE ITEMS Radioactivity An easy to set up apparatus for radioactivity experiments EEA Cc S ZI DRES e el El Laws and principles investigated Radioactive decay Alfa beta and gamma sources e Radiation absorption from metallic screens Geiger Muller detection GM Counter with particle detector Radioactivity Bench with holders for sources and screens ALTAY SCIENTIFIC Specifications Radioactivity Bench 4832 00 Radioactivity Bench length 35 cm Geiger Muller Counter size 20 x 12 x 7 cm With our Radioactivity Bench it is easy to measure the number of radioactive particles emitted by alfa beta and gamma sources Is also possible to verify the principle of radioactive decay that is the set of various processes by which unstable atomic nuclei emit subatomic particles Radioactivity Bench can be mounted on Altay Magnetic Board code 4114 30 fe Components Altay s Radioactivity Bench e Radioactivity Bench Base 4832 00 001 Slider for Holders 2x W107A1 e Slider for Projectors W
91. Pendulum Apparatus a Laws and principles investigated general view Investigating motion of different objects with free fall e Experiment to demonstrate the Law of the Pendulum Acceleration of a free fall objects of different masses e Determination of g and acceleration by means of the free fall ae lj e Determination of g by means of the pendulum sip i 2 I Drag or frictional force on a pendulum e Study the oscillations or periods of a pendulum e Determination of the drag force acting on a body in motion 66 SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Dynamics Experiment s see eee cere reer eeees Free fall motion Study of the motion of acceleration due to gravity g If we neglect the friction of the air the falling sphere is subject only to the acceleration due to gravity defined by g Using the Altay Free Fall and Pendulum Apparatus the formula is straight forward since there is no initial velocity and the starting position is zero lp Y zE Using the Altay Free Fall and Pendulum Apparatus acceleration due to gravity g can be easily and accurately determined by fixing a photogate at a defined distance along the scale Free fall motion formula BULESIEESLESILEOE ERS EOI EUETTET ea eee THIEL trite fr T TPTI DTE Ti PETTE TUTTE Tei Theo I i a E 4 WUTeTrrreT cere aces ee el Determination of the free fall motion Time needed for the free fall through one met
92. This is great for studying one dimensional collisions or any motion with larger accelerations Specifications Range 250 250 m s Typical Accuracy 1 m s2 Also available Low g Accelerometer code 2311 21 Range 50 50 m s2 Typical Accuracy 0 1 m s2 123 AUTAY SCIENTIFIC DATALOGGER amp SENSORS Sensors Gas Pressure Sensor Barometer Ideal for use it for environmental monitoring A complete kit for your pressure temperature experiments I Components E OO 20 mL syringe L Sonsor i kaai STL Lee arr Lie PTL Luer lock connectors e Two hole rubber stopper with e Two Luer lock adapters e Two way valve e One hole rubber stopper with one adapter e Two airtight tubing clamps e Plastic tubing with two The Barometer can be used for barometric pressure in weather studies or for lab experiments involving pressures close to normal air pressure Specifications Ranges 25 0 31 5 in Hg 0 80 1 05 atm j i 81 106 kPa 608 798 mm Hg i 12 bit Resolution LabPro Go Link 0 003 in Hg 10 bit Resolution CBL CBL 2 0 01 in Hg An ideal sensor for experiments in physics D biology and chemistry a The Gas Pressure Sensor is accurate and has a good range to work within all subject areas Photogate eee 2312 10 The ideal sensor for dynamics experiments Vernon Po eo ete The Photogate can be used to study free fall rolling objects collisions
93. V 12 V 60 V 300 V 1 kV 3 AC Volts 0 12 V 30 V 120 V 300 V 1 kV 4 Resistance 0 50 MQ 3 Transistor check NPN or PNP Digital Teslameter 2280 50 All in one solution for measuring alternating and direct magnetic fields With digital display zero point adjustment analogue output Supplied with probe and power supply The Digital Teslameter is compatible with Altay Docking Station code 2236 65 and Digital Large Display code 2236 60 Specifications Ranges 20 mT 200 mT 2 000 mT 136 electrical quantities on low voltage circuits max 50 V Based on a moving coil this instrument allows an easy read of the measure value The ABS plastic boxes are of practical use in laboratory and the 4 mm sockets allow an easy mount to circuits with simple connection wires The code refers to the category please contact our sales department Main ranges are0 1A 0 1V 0 5A 0 5V 0 15A 0 15V Available all in AC and DC modes Specifications Dimensions 13 5 x 10 x 5 5 cm Plugs 4 mm sockets Designed according to IEC 1010 Cat Il Pollution 2 this multimeter is capable of performing functions such as DC and AC voltage and current measurement Resistance capacitance measurement Diode transistor and audible continuity test Frequency and temperature measurement Digital Multimeter Specifications Ranges AC 20 mA 200 mA 10 A 2 V 20 V 200 V 700 V DC 2 mA 20 mA 200 mA 10 A 200 mV 2
94. V 50 60 Hz Altay Docking Station The Altay Docking Station has been E n data logging system Low cost high performance Main features e Large screen LCD for easy viewing of data e Zero function e Connectivity with Vernier sensors and all new future Altay Sensors ZIF Microprocessor easily replaceable by user Built in connection with Altay Digital Large Altay Docking Station works with Vernier Dual Range Force Sensor code 2311 10 Vernier Gas Pressure Sensor code 2311 40 Vernier Thermocouple code 2314 10 Vernier Stainless Steel Temperature Probe code 2314 20 Venier pH Sensor code 2317 10 Display code 2336 60 Vernier Conductivity Probe code 2317 20 Its easy to upgrade firmware will allow the adding Specifications of more compatible sensors Available from November 2008 Mains supply 110 V 230 V 50 60 Hz V P and Phase Shift Meter A unique solution for electrical measurements needs This table top measuring instrument is the best solution you could have for a variety of electrical measurements a unique apparatus with voltmeter amperometer wattmeter frequency meter and phase shift meter With its Icd display 16 x 2 and its robust plastic case it s the easiest and most practical way to carry out a lot of experiments that normally require many different devices Moreover a connection to the Digital Large Display code 2236 60 is already built in Specifications
95. a nz index V velocity Refraction Q of light sin _ m s n 2 n In optics the law is used in ray tracing to compute the angles of incidence or refraction and in experimental optics to find the refractive index of a material Snel s Law 60 AUTAY SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics Statics Inclined Plane Specifications The most famous Equipment suggested a simple machine revisited by Altay Dual Range Force Sensor code 2311 10 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link 2320 30 One of the classical simple machines This classical apparatus is devoted to the study of static Inclined Plane with friction and tangential normal components of the weight force accessories It consists of an aluminium folding track and a protractor scale to be used for angle measurements NS Laws and principles investigated e Balance of a heavy body on an inclined plane Weight force Static and dynamic friction A set of accessories allows to perform several classical experiments on this subject Use the Inclined A Components Plane with the Dual Range Force e Inclined plane with pulleys protractor and screws 4115 10 001 Sensor and the PC Bottle for adding liquid weight 1616 05 Balance pan with hook 4113 27 e Cylindrical mass 4115 10 002 e Polyester cord 4113 20 G shaped hook 2x 4113 36 e Hook for cart 4114 80 011 e Cart 4
96. aaff Generator is considered an important and powerful apparatus to perform electricity experiments Its great appeal and dramaticity attracts Van de Graaff students into the amazing world of physics COmpENamS Historically developed to accelerate particles in high energy physics experiments our Van de Graaff Generator has been redesigned to perform demonstrations and experiments in schools Laws and principles investigated e Potential difference Electrostatic repulsion and attraction e Dielectric strength Point effect 97 SINGLE ITEMS Electrostatics Experiment s sees eee eee eee ee eee Breakdown field strength Visualise the electric spark when the electric current flows through a dielectric The Van de Graaff Generator uses a belt to strip electrons from the base to the metal head of the system This transfer of charges creates a potential difference between the base and the head The static electricity produced with Van de Graaff Generator is used to empirically study the effects of charges on metals and dielectrics The finite dielectric strength of air allows the production of an electric spark through the gas showing the outstanding phenomena resembling a thunderbolt The dielectric strength air is roughly 10 000 volts cm which means that the spark shown in the picture reveals a potential difference of at least 50 000 volts Detail of the spark of several thousands volts Pith Ball Elec
97. ae 462220 Size 40 x 24 x 43 cm Weight approx 4 4 kg One of the classic electrostatic The Wimshurst Machine is an electrical generator with a distinctive appearance generator experiment With its two large contra rotating disks mounted in a vertical plane and a spark gap within two metal spheres the Wimshurst Machine is a historical electro static machine used for generating high voltages Constructed according to the classical model this generator is safe to use and robustly built Structural elements are in cast metal with all insulating components constructed from high dielectric strength plastic Particular attention has been paid to the collection combs and supports so as to prevent damage to the radial aluminium strips The Wimshurst Machine ready to run a Laws and principles investigated Electrostatic charge Electrical sparks Experiment e esesesseseceececececeooooooeeeoeooooooooeeee Electrical sparks How to generate high potential differences between conductors High voltages break down air and produce a The generator simply requires mechanical power spark The dielectric strength of air is 10 000 to run the disks The output is a constant current volts cm when this is exceeded we can create and the spark energy can be increased by adding sparks of lightning a Leyden jar Wimshurst Machine at work Van de Graaff Generator Specifications Get excited with the Van de Graaff Generator The Van de Gr
98. agnetic Field Sensor Laws and principles investigated e Detection of lines of magnetic field like earth magnetic field permanent magnets magnetic fields etc Induction Coils 4640 75 Induction coils are essential laboratory equipment for a wide range of electromagnetism experiments Waltenhofen s Pendulum 4640 80 Altay Waltenhofen s Pendulum recalls the historical instrument for the study of Foucault s currents This piece of equipment was designed by Adalbert Carl von Waltenhofen 1828 1914 for the study of Foucault s currents A Laws and principles investigated e Foucault s or Eddy currents e Faraday Neumann Lenz s law Altay Waltenhofen s Pendulum Specifications Altay Gimbals Magnetic Field Sensor is an effective piece of equipment for pupils first approach to magnetism The gimbals magnetic field sensor is useful to demonstrate the 3 D nature of magnetic fields The probe features a gimbals mounted magnet which is free to move in space As the gimbals magnetic field sensor is brought near a magnetic field the magnet aligns itself with the field Investigations of various geometries of magnets or magnetic fields are quick and easy Specifications Available from July 2008 Coil 180 Turns wire length 15 m wire diam 0 5 mm turns 180 SAPPAY Available from July 2008 Dimensions approx 15 cm Example of use of the Gimbals Magnetic Field Sensor Equipme
99. al e Current intensity value dependence of the heat quantity generated in the spiral Experiment eseeseece rere rere eee c creer eee ec cees Joule s Law How to convert electrical energy to heat Joule s Law describes how the amount of heat per second Q that develops in a wire carrying a current I is proportional to the electrical resistance of the wire R and the square of the current The heat evolved per second is equivalent to the electric power absorbed or the power loss With this apparatus you can determine the 7 relationship between calories and joules O I Rt Joule s Law Mechanical Equivalent of Heat Apparatus Specifications AUTAY SCIENTIFIC Specifically developed for our Mixing Calorimeter Resistances 1 2 3 Q 4 mm jacks for power supply Joule s Law Mixing Calorimeter code 4230 60 Unit for Calorimeter Regulated DC Power Supply Unit code 2409 20 The Joule s Law Unit for Calorimeter is used to demonstrate the thermal effect of currents and the specific heat of a fluid Add this attachment to the Altay Calorimeter to perform experiments involving electricity and thermal energy Joule s Law Unit setup with the Calorimeter Joule s most important experiment converting The apparatus is a simple and accurate demonstration of mechanical work to thermal energy how to turn mechanical energy into heat Using the Mechanical Equivalent of Heat Apparatus components Mecha
100. al NdFeB Size 2 5 x 0 5 cm dia x height Size 5 x 1 9 x 0 6 cm 100 SAPPAY SINGLE ITEMS Magnetism amp Electromagnetism Magnetic Needle on Stand 4613 80 A simple magnetic needle compass Magnetic Needle on Stand World map in J Tabulae Rudolphinae quibus astronomicae by Johannes Kepler Demonstration Compass 4614 50 Study the cardinal points with a compass Demonstration Compass Experiment s esseeseeecssoceesosocesooocoeceoooooeeooooceoooooesoooeeeooooe The cardinal points How to read the compass A compass or wind rose is a figure that displays the orientation of the cardinal directions North South East and West on a map or nautical chart Today the use of a compass rose is used in almost all navigational systems including nautical charts NDB and VOR systems and in some GPS systems Placing our Demonstration Compass on a table the magnetic needle orientates itself with Earth s magnetic field The red part of the needle points to North this way all other cardinal points are immediately defined Specifications Needle 10 cm length Support rod 11 cm length Mounted on base 6 cm dia Our Magnetic Needle provides a simple demonstration model of how a compass works It is simply constructed with a magnetic needle finely balanced on a needle on top of a supporting stand The pointer is alternately coloured in C red and blue allowing
101. all kinds of electronic projects providing a well filtered 5 V at 30 A current Really useful for those items needing high currents like Barlow s Wheel code 4645 02 or Magnetics System 2 code 4867 20 Specifications Input 110 220 V 50 60 Hz Output 5 V DC 30 A 150 W Overload protection Low ripple and noise Regulated AC DC Power Supply Unit 2409 20 Stabilised current and tension in labs Specially designed for use in physics and electronics labs this power supply unit has 1 5 A Max current stabilised output Voltage and current are displayed on the two dial indicators The front panel contains outputs for circuits and electromagnets Specifications DC Output Range 0 12V 0 1 5A AC Output Range 6 V 12 V 4 mm sockets outputs Housed in box with on off switch and fuse Also available with large four digit LED display instead of analogue meters AVTAY ASCENT I GENERAL ACCESSORIES Laboratory General Accessories Connecting Leads 2522 02 14 Fundamental to all electrical and electronics experiments a Specifications Base 170 x 150 mm Base 252 x 163 mm Base 317 x 200 mm Metal Bosshead Metal bosshead allows the clamping of two rods diameter up to 10 mm with an angle of 0 or 90 Easy to use and strong for heavy duty purposes Specifications Measures 40 x 20 x 20 mm Allows clamping of rods up to 10 mm diam Universal Retort Stand 5404 52 60
102. alled induced currents and the phenomenon is called magnetic induction The Faraday Newmann Law describes this phenomenon asserting that when a magnetic field varies in a certain point of a conductor there an electric field is created Lenz showed that the electromotive force generated in this way produces a current generating a magnetic field opposite to the one which generated the current d B dt The negative sign shows that the f e m oppose itself to the variations of the flux So the Faraday Newmann Law can be written as C E f em 104 SINGLE ITEMS Electricity amp Electronics Specifications Barlow s Wheel 4645 02 Discover Lorentz force without using mercury Equipment needed aq Altay Barlow s Wheel works without mercury Barlow s Wheel at work Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Lorentz force How force acts on a single particle Lorentz force is the force exerted on a charged particle in an electromagnetic field The particle will experience a force due to electric field of qE and due to the magnetic field qv x B Combined they give the Lorentz force equation or law E is the electric field in volts per meter F a q E Tr VX B B is the magnetic field in teslas q is the electric charge of the particle in coulombs v is the instantaneous velocity of the particle in meters per second and x is the cr
103. alone data collector To collect data simply connect the LabPro to your computer or hand held device plug in one of our sensors and start the data collection program The program automatically detects which sensors are connected This datalogger has been classroom tested by hundreds of thousands of students around the world V4 Main components LabPro interface Compatibility e LabPro Interface Voltage Probe e Computer cables USB amp serial e Calculator cradles e DataMate calculator program e Calculator link cable User s manual e AC power supply e Windows or Macintosh OS serial or USB port with Logger Pro software sold separately e TI handhelds TI 73 TI 82 TI 83 TI 83 Plus TIl 83 Plus Silver Edition TIl 84 Plus Tl 84 Plus Silver Edition Tl 86 TI 89 Tl 92 TI 92 Plus Voyage 200 e Palm Handhelds Palm TIX Tungsten E2 T5 T3 C W T2 T Zire 71 m515 m130 m125 m500 i705 and many legacy Palm and Visor handhelds e Sony Handhelds PEG TJ25 TJ35 TJ27 TJ37 Garmin iQue 3600 3200 Six data collection channels e Four analogue channels for over 40 different sensors for physics chemistry environmental science mathematics biology and physiology e Two digital channels DIG SONIC 1 DIG SONIC 2 for motion detectors photogates radiation monitors and rotary motion sensors e Samples up to 50 000 readings per second 12 bit A D conversion e Internally stores 12 000 data point
104. ameter of a metal rod when heated including brass rod with insulated handle Mounted on sturdy shock resistant plastic base A 4 Components e Brass Rod with insulated handle 4200 18 001 e Metal Plate with Base 4200 18 002 Altay s Thermal Expansion Bar IS Laws and principles investigated e Thermal expansion Specifications Equipment needed Dimensions approx 40 x 9 x 6 cm Cotton wool Alcohol This effective piece of equipment shows dramatically the forces of thermal contraction Constituted of a metal bar mounted on a sturdy metal base the bar extends when heated and offers room to place the cast iron pin the pin will break during cooling i e contraction Equipped with a set of cast iron pins A 4 Components Altay s Pin Shearing e Metal Base 4200 30 001 Apparatus with cast e Metal Bar with hole and screw 4200 30 002 iron bars e Cast iron pins set 4200 30 003 85 SAMAY SINGLE ITEMS Thermodynamics Gunther Expansion Apparatus With Altay s Gunther Expansion Apparatus students can accurately and easily investigate the expansion of metals with increasing temperature Specifications Size 62 x 8 x 12 cm Weight approx 2 2 kg Equipment needed Filtering Flask code 1331 05 Bunsen Burner with Accessories code 5511 00 Digital Multimeter code 2275 10 Gunther Expansion Apparatus This is an ideal apparatus for determinating the coefficient of the linear fe Components
105. amics and much more 122 AUTAY SCIENTIFIC DATALOGGER amp SENSORS We offer three levels of data logging bundles for physics All bundles are ideal for use with Altay apparati We offer Starter Standard and Deluxe Bundles aimed at different levels of study Combine the award winning Vernier software and the largest range of sensors in the world with our high quality and affordable physics apparatus The bundles include all you need to perform a wide variety of experiments Concepts such as velocity acceleration Newton s Laws and momentum will be more clearly understood by your students using both data logging and physics apparatus Starter Bundle detail F Components LabPro Interface code 2300 10 Dual Range Force Sensor code 2311 10 Voltage Probe code 2313 30 Microphone code 2313 60 Motion Detector code 2310 10 V4 Components code 2300 10 code 2312 11 code 2313 30 Light Sensor code 2315 10 Picket Fence code 2310 10 Low g Accelerometer code 2311 21 LabPro Interface Voltage Probe Motion Detector Dual Range Force Sensor Microphone code 2311 10 Vernier Photogate code 2312 10 code 2313 60 Ultra Pulley Attachment code 2312 12 I Components LabPro Interface code 2300 10 Vernier Photogate code 2312 10 Voltage Probe code 2313 30 Ultra Pulley Attachment code 2312 12 Motion Detector code 2310 10 Magnetic Field Sensor code 2313 50 Dual
106. ance Box 10 KQ 100 kQ accuracy 2 code 4693 50 The Altay Decade Resistance Boxes are a robust solution in any electronics laboratory and ideal for testing circuits with different resistances The high impact angled plastic housing case allows an easy reading of resistance values and easy changing of resistance values without having to remove them from the circuit Experiment sees secre reer eee ee ee ee ee ee eee eee eee renee eee eee eee eer ceees Resistance in series and in parallel Ohm s Law and its concequences The most fundamental law of electrical circuits is known as Ohm s Law To make a current flow through a resistance there must be a voltage across that resistance Ohm s Law shows the relationship between the voltage V current I and resistance R a ora Resistors connected in series When resistors are connected in series their combined resistance is equal to the individual resistances added together K A X Reg in series Resistance boxes in series Using Ohm s Law we can look at how a circuit differs as to whether it is in series or parallel Resistors connected in parallel nal Resistance boxes in parallel When resistors are connected in parallel their combined resistance is less than any of the individual resistances There is a special equation for the combined resistance of two resistors R4 and Ro a a eq R Reg in parallel oo
107. atus A small vertical tube is used for checking the level and the discharge of the vessels Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Hydrostatic pressure Independence of the pressure on the shape of the vessel With this easy to use apparatus it is possible to demonstrate that the hydrostatic pressure on the bottom of a vessel does not depend on the shape of the vessel but only on the specific weight and on the level of the liquid The effect can be shown through a vessel whose bottom is the membrane of a manometer capsule If water is poured in the vessel it can be observed that as the level increases the pressure shown by the gauge increases This is because the pressure on the flexible wall of the manometer capsule at the bottom increases i Bs oe 4 ki Balanced pressure in an empty vessel Once a predetermined level say 28 cm has been reached the level of the liquid contained in the left limb of the gauge is marked before turning the vessel over and substituting it with another of different shape Conical shape vessel mounted By filling a different vessel up to the same level as the first it can be observed that the pressure at the bottom of the membrane will still remain the same A similar result will be seen with a third different vessel on Pellat Apparatus Thin shape vessel with 28 cm water
108. balance depends on several design characteristics as well as the patience of the experimenter For example the more stable the design of a balance the more mass is needed to move the balance noticeably Additionally the more friction at the locations where movement is required the less sensitive the balance will be LETTI Assembled analytical balance 7 PHYSICS SYSTEMS Mechanics Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e a e The Spring Pendulum Calculate the elastic constant of a spring by means of a spring pendulum When the forces acting on the oscillating spring are examined it is possible to find a useful relationship between the spring elastic constant the loaded mass and the oscillation period 1 Ax unloaded I M9 lo spring k lL AX AX equilibrium position of loaded spring start f position Starting from Newton s Second Law and neglecting the mass of the spring it is easy to deduce the following relation r 2r k Formula defining the oscillation period of the spring pendulum loaded with a mass m and with an unknown elastic constant k Mechanics System 1 assembled in the spring pendulum configuration Students experience the spring pendulum acquiring data with the datalogger Using a motion detector it is easy to acquire position data This way it is possible to calculate the oscillatio
109. band 2x 4861 10 030 e Rod diam 3 mm length 72 5 mm with cylinder 4861 10 020 e Rod diam 8 mm length 70 mm with threaded stem M3 4861 10 021 ALTAY SCIENTIFIC PHYSICS SYSTEMS Mechanics NS Laws and principles investigated Balance oscillation measurements Balance sensitivity e Belt wheel drive Composition and decomposition of forces e Concurrent forces Decomposition of a force into its components e Determination of the acceleration due to gravity by means of the simple pendulum e Elongation of a leaf spring Elongation of a spring e First class levers Fixed pulley Hooke s Law Inclined plane Investigation of an oscillation of a simple pendulum e Measurement of length Mobile and fixed pulley e Momentum of a force Parallelogram of forces e Second and third class levers Static and dynamic friction e Spring pendulum Springs in series and parallel Static measurement of a force The concept of kinetic energy e The concept of potential energy e Transmission of a force along a cable Weight as a force Many of these experiments will also be suitable for applied mathematics Full set of basic ee measuring instruments Js List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual Belt drive systems e Composition decomposition and transmission of forces including the parallelogram law Analytical balance and the investigation of weight as a force e Levers includ
110. bar Temperature 25 65 C Humidity 0 100 Specifications Range 0 100 mm Sensitivity 1 mm Tubular Spring Balances Metal Dynamometer A range of spring balances constructed with high quality tubular metal case with load hook and suspension ring Each balance is dual scaled in Newton and grams with zero adjustment and protection against over load Available in different ranges and colour coded for convenience Specifications Range 1 N code 4110 01 available from July 2008 Range 3 N code 4110 03 Range 6 N code 4110 05 Range 10 N code 4110 07 For additional ranges please contact our sales department Tubular Spring Balances Plastic 4110 20 24 Dynamometer A range of spring balances constructed with high quality and attractive clear plastic case with load hook and suspension ring Each balance is dual scaled in Newtons and grams with zero adjustment and protection against over load Available in different ranges and colour coded for convenience Specifications Range 1 N code 4110 20 Range 2 5 N code 4110 21 Range 5 N code 4110 22 Range 10 N code 4110 23 Range 20 N code 4110 24 For additional ranges please contact our sales department 134 AVTAY SA SCV ETI GENERAL ACCESSORIES Measuring Instruments Stopwatch Analogue Chronometer Digital Chronometer Mechanical stopwatch for time measurement The best solution for
111. c Board helps teachers to convey Physics principles in a stimulating and exciting way It is the idea visual aid that will enhance teachers demonstrations while helping students to clearly observe understand and assimilate scientific concepts with ease Along with our new Mechanics Accessories Set 4114 35 and Optics Accessories Set 4114 37 our Magnetic Board is a must for your Physics lessons It is designed to be free standing or wall mounted Full details on page 58 Rotating Coil 4640 60 Demonstrating and investigating principles of generating electricity from a magnetic field including the Earth s magnetic field is easy thanks to Altay s New Rotating Coil Sturdy structure compatible with sensors and ready to use Full details on page 104 Gimbals Magnetic Field Sensor 4640 70 An easy and intuitive way to explore magnetic fields and study magnetism Full details on page 103 NEW PRODUCTS 4645 02 Investigate the interaction of currents and a magnetic field without using mercury Barlow s Wheel Full details on page 105 2236 65 This easy to use upgradeable Docking Station is a low cost data acquisition system that is compatible with an increasing range of sensors Altay Docking Station Full details on page 129 Buoyancy Balance 4184 93 7 Full details on page 77 The Altay New Buoyancy Balance is an effective instrument to experienc
112. cations Optics System 1 V4 Components NS Laws and principles investigated e Concave and convex mirror e Convergent and divergent lens e Focal length Gauss approximation e The eye hyperopic and myopic eye zar e Inverse square law Joly photometer as a l e Lens power Luminous intensity cue e e Magnifier and magnifying power Photometry e Prism Ray tracing Refractive index e Umbra and penumbra System of lenses e The microscope The telescope e Thin lens equation 18 Size 124 x 28 x 12 cm Weight approx 6 kg Packing durable ABS plastic carry case with foam inserts 4864 10 A complete system to study the principal laws of geometric optics Equipment suggested Light Sensor code 2315 10 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 The Optics System 1 can be used for the study of many aspects of geometric optics including photometry luminous intensity focal length of a lens and Optics System 1 many other experiments e Stackable Plug Lead 4x 2522 14 e Lampholder single 4418 19 e Lampholder quadruple 4418 20 e Slider for holder with knob 6x 4414 01 e Slider for projector with knob 4414 17 e Holder for 50 mm diam lenses and mirrors 4x 4414 02 e Transformer 12 V 2 5A 2403 14 PARE AEAN Set of mirrors lenses e Projector with 12 V 20 W halogen lamp 4414 18 and prism holder e Halogen lamp 12 V 20 W spare 4414 19
113. ccurate and repeatable waves with our Ripple NS Tank The electronic controller allows you to _ Diffraction of plane waves through a slit Dispersion Gravity waves Interference of waves control the frequency of the pulses and hence Liquid depth and waves propagation speed Periodic waves Pulses diffraction the value of the wavelength The controller also Reflection of plane and circular waves on a curved obstacle coordinates the same pulsed air frequency to Reflection of plane waves by angle shaped obstacle Reflection of plane waves on a flat obstacle the stroboscope so that the waves appear tobe _ Refraction of plane waves Refraction of plane waves through a plate with parallel faces static and therefore easily measurable The Refraction of plane waves through lenses Stationary waves Superimposed pulses Total refraction system also includes a bright light source which is easily moveable to the side of the Ripple Tank Experiment o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ooo o o o o o ee o Reflected wave from a circular obstacle With the Ripple Tank it is possible to study many types of interference between waves By using the stroboscopic effect it is quick and simple to have a fixed image of the interference of a plane wave on an obstacle and constructive and destructive interference phenomena between two circular waves All this is due to the ripple tank controller that synchronises the st
114. city amp Electronics Rotati ng Coil Specifications 4640 60 Dimensions approx 20 x 20 x 35 cm Rotating Coil is an interesting device to study Faraday Neumann Lenz s law Weight approx 3 kg Equipment needed Vernier Differential Voltage Sensor code 2313 40 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 Altay s Rotating coil Generation of currents when a coil rotates in a magnetic filed is a basic concept of hundreds of crucial applications in physics engineering and everyday life e g this is the principle of the dynamo This apparatus is comprised of a suspended coil free to rotate and magnets beneath a crank will help to rotate the coil two 4 mm sockets allow to measure the differential voltage generated by the coil or to mount a circuit The Rotating Coil has a sturdy base with rubber feet and a security shield for safe usage Using the coil in vertical position and taking away the magnet it is possibleto find the North South direction of the Earth s magnetic field z A Laws and principles investigated c i gt Faraday Neumann Lenz s law The Rotating Coil in standing position Earth magnetic field Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Faraday Newmann Lenz Law Generate electric current It is possible to generate electric currents in a circuit without generators Those currents are c
115. compatible sensors to your TI 84 Plus calculator using an EasyLink interface Use EasyLink to explore math and science concepts found in real world phenomena such as light pressure force and more EasyLink simplifies data collection because it plugs directly into the USB port of a Tl 84 Plus calculator This action launches the preloaded Vernier EasyData Application on your calculator Simply press Start and you are collecting data Features of EasyLink e Easy to use USB connection e Compatible with 42 Vernier sensors as Dual Range Force Sensor 25 g Accellerometer Barometer Gas Pressure Sensor etc Equipment needed TI 84 Plus Calculator Operating System 2 30 or higher EasyData 1 0 or higher 120 Use easily the Tl 84 Plus calculator amp ALTAY 4 av se avy a SCIENTIFIC DATALOGGER amp SENSORS TI 84 Plus calculator is learning tool designed to help students visualize concepts and make connections in math and science offering advanced data collection features Features of TI 84 Plus e Three times the memory of the TI 83 Plus model e More than twice the speed of the Tl 83 Plus model e USB cable included with purchase built in USB port e Preloaded Apps Cabri Jr Vernier EasyData StudyCards and more e Compatible with TI presentation e One year limited manufacturer s warranty Specifications Electronically upgradeable graphing calculator allows you to have the most up to date
116. cs The tuning forks will produce a note at a frequency of 440 Hz Two adjustable masses can be fitted to the tuning fork and can modify the frequency of each one by moving the arm up and down Experiment e seer eee e ee eee eee ee eee eee eee een ee Resonance Excitation of a tuning fork by resonance You can vibrate a tuning fork without even touching it By resonance This is done by striking another tuning fork facing the one you want to resonate You will notice that the maximum resonance is experienced when both the open resonant boxes face each other Setup for resonance experiment 82 SAPPAY SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Acoustics Set of Tuning Forks Specifications 4317 90 Size 25 x 21 x 7 cm Weight approx 0 8 kg Packing ABS carry case with foam inserts Set of Tuning Forks for a wide range of experiments The Altay Set of Tuning Forks contains eight tuning forks representing a full octave of frequencies a soft protective case and a rubber mallet You can also study resonance interference beats and the relationship among them The set also contains tuning forks of exact multiple frequencies of each other for example 256 Hz and 512 H2 allowing you to perform interesting experiments in harmonics Ideal for use with the LabPro software and data logging sound sensor to demonstrate beats A Components e Tuning fork c1 256 Hz 4317 90 001 e Tuning fork dt 288 Hz 4317 90 002 Set of Tunin
117. cs with Vernier e Water Quality with Vernier e Chemistry with Vernier e Advanced Chemistry with Vernier Earth Science with Vernier e Physical Science with Vernier e Investigating Environmental Science through Inquiry Analisys Features e Perform linear and curve fits e Draw a prediction before taking data e Display two graphs at once e Display a tangent line on the graph e Autoscale Integral function Statistics Time min e ES ee eo Discover the LabQuest graphic features AAE 4 Start data collection DATA Curve fit parameters Jale c Fanera 1 N wea O Enn Eil r a A E T Average acceleration LabQuest data collection capabilities are the State of the art in datalogging 119 Handheld Interfaces TI 84 Plus Calculator The ideal instrument for High School calculus and data collection with the Vernier sensors The TI 84 Plus with Easy Link code 2300 41 provides an easy to use and versatile system to acquire data from any type of Vernier Sensor offering at the same time all the powerful capabilities in calculus of the TI calculators Simply connect the EasyLink to your TI 84 Plus plug the sensor you need to use in the EasyLink and start acquiring EasyLink Easy Data Collection for Math and Science The Vernier EasyLink is the least expensive way to collect data using a single sensor and a TI 84 Plus graphing calculator Connect one of 42
118. cted from a target and then detected by the device The time it takes for the reflected pulses to return is used to calculate position velocity and acceleration on the computer Dual Range Force Sensor For studies in force and dynamics experiments The Force Sensor can be easily mounted on a ring stand or dynamics cart or can used as a replacement for a hand held spring scale Use it to study friction simple harmonic motion impact in collisions or centripetal force Specifications Ranges 10 10 N 50 50 N MBER D gt This allows you to study the motion of objects such as a person walking a ball in free fall or a cart on a ramp These three measurements are calculated in real time by the data logger and shown simultaneously Our Motion Detector can measure objects as close as 15 cm to the detector and as far away as 6 m The short minimum target distance allows objects to get closer to the detector which reduces stray reflections A special track mode switch controls the sensitivity for dynamics carts on tracks for lower noise and higher quality data The Motion Detector easily attaches to the Altay dynamics systems and has a pivoting head and rubber feet for ease of use when not attached to a dynamics track The cable is removable so you can use the Motion Detector with other interfaces with an alternate cable 25 g Accelerometer Measurement of g forces in dynamics experiments
119. ctivity Consisting of a large white magnetic board all components in the Upgrade kits are fitted with a strong magnet which allows easy attachment to theboard The board is printed with a graduated x y axis to allow each experiment to be easily quantified and measured The board can be free standing or affixed to a wall with enclosed wall brackets An integrated power supply is also included to allow attachment to accessories such as a laser for example Magnetic Board power supply Equipment needed Magnetic Board code 4114 30 Together with the magnetic board the Mechanics Accessories Set allows working demonstrations on equilibrium inclined plane levers pulley systems simple machines and much more Eo 58 SINGLE ITEMS Sample set up Various pulleys pins and closing caps AUTAY SCIENTIFIC Mechanics e Statics A Components Laws and principles investigated e Cart for inclined plane 4114 83 Investigating balancing forces Balance of a heavy body on an inclined plane e Inclined Plane with Magnetic Pins 4114 60 06 e Determine the centre of gravity of a rod Build a block and tackle hoist e Centimetre Rule with Holes 4114 60 05 Build a dynamometer calibrate and use it to determine the torque and power e Weinhold s Disk with Magnetic Support 4114 60 08 Determining the centre of mass of a rod e Tubular Spring Balance Metal Range 3N 4110 03 e Understanding the concept of force
120. cury vapour is toxic carry out experiments with adequate ventilation in order to avoid human exposure Specifications weight 500 g lron Filings lron Filings are essential to every magnetic experiment Specifications weight 300 g Extension Clamp with Rod Extension clamps are available in painted aluminium in various sizes Ranging from a minimum of 5 mm to a maximum of 80 mm Clamps have cork lined jaws that make them particularly suitable when holding glassware This item is available in different lengths and diameter and is perfect for use with the Squared and Swivel Bossheads code 5401 23 5401 43 The code refers to the category Alphabetical Index 0 ccc cece eee e eee eens 142 Numerical Index ccc cece cece eee cee nees 145 Description Accelerometer 25 g Accelerometer Low g Aepinus Air Condenser Aluminium Cuboid for Buoyancy Audio Frequency Generator Balance Demonstration Model Balance Electronic Balance Ohaus Dial O Gram Balance Ohaus Cent O Gram Balance Ohaus Scout Pro Balance Ohaus Triple Beam Ball Launcher for Cart Bar and Gauge Barlow s Wheel Barometer Barometer Mercury Barometer Vernier Bar Tape Base Universal Bimetal Strip with Electric Contact Bosshead Bosshead Metal Bosshead Squared Bosshead Swivel Boyle s Law Apparatus Bridge Rectifier Bunsen Burner with Accessories Buoyancy Balance Caliper Vernier Capacitance Box
121. ded periodic table on screen keyboard scientific calculator and stopwatch Export data to Logger Pro software Specifications e Dimensions 165 x 100 x 40 mm Weight 350 g CPU 416 MHz Processor e Display 320 x 240 pixel color touch screen 7 cm x 5 3 cm e Input Method Touch Screen On Screen Display Buttons Battery Lithium lon rechargeable e Sensors 6 Channels 4 Analogue 2 Digital e Sampling Rate 100000 samples per second e Resolution 12 bit e Other Ports USB Standard A USB Mini AB DC Power Jack Audio In Speaker Out e Memory 40 MB built in storage SD MMC card slot for expandability e Built in temperature sensor and microphone Splash proof e Rugged enclosure with rubber molding for shock absorption The LabQuest Graphing and Analysis Application gives your students real time graphing capabilities in a handheld device It s powerful yet beautifully simple Built in Applications e Stopwatch Periodic table e On screen keyboard Scientific calculator Built In Curriculum Vernier has embedded over 50 science labs into LabQuest These well designed labs have been tested by science educators and make it easy for your students to follow along Lab Books Written by science teachers each lab book guides you through core science labs Our popular lab books have been updated with instructions for LabQuest e Biology with Vernier e Middle School Science with Vernier e Physi
122. density at 4 C water density e Determination of sea water density maximum at 2 C Mixing Calorimeter Specifications 4230 60 Size 12 x 20 cm dia x height Weight approx 250 g ideal apparatus for simple experiments in thermodynamics The Mixing Calorimeter is used for the study of heat characteristics of masses The apparatus has been insulated from the surrounding environment with a felt cover in order to perform experiments in a state of thermal equilibrium f 4 Components Mixing Calorimeter e Copper Calorimeter 4230 60 001 e Lid with Stirrer 4230 60 002 e Thermometer 10 110 C 2240 15 Experiment ee Thermodynamics of equilibrium How to determine the specific heat of a body A heat quantity is lost or gained by a material when in contact with another body of a different X Laws and principles investigated temperature Specific heat in general depends on temperature e Determination of the water equivalent of a mixing calorimeter Estimating the specific heat e Specific heat of bodies of aluminium e Time constant of a thermometer 89 SINGLE ITEMS Thermodynamics Joule s Law Unit for Calorimeter Specifications Joule s Law electricity and thermodynamics Equipment needed iS Laws and principles investigated e Joule s Law e Time dependence of the heat quantity generated in the spiral e Resistance s value dependence of the heat quantity generated in the spir
123. drical magnets supplied in pairs 4611 40 Ideal for demonstrating attraction and repulsion Supplied in pairs with different colours for North Specifications and South Material ALNICO Size 0 8 x 2 5 cm dia x length Specifications Size 8 x 2 2 x 1 cm Chrome Steel Bar Magnets Bar Magnets Painted in two colours for North and South with keeper Supplied by pair in plastic case Red in colour with north pole marked with dimple Specifications Boxed in pairs with keepers Size 5 x 1 x 0 5 cm Specifications OEE Material ALNICO U Shaped Magnet Size 5 x 1 5 x 1 cm code 4611 65 Strongly magnetized with keeper Horseshoe Flat Magnet 4611 72 Specifications Size 6 x 5 x 2 5 cm Painted with keeper in plastic case Specifications Horseshoe Magnet Material chrome steel Size 10 x 5 x 0 5 cm With keeper painted red Ring Magnet Specifications Material ALNICO Size 3 x 3 x 1 cm Anular magnets with face poles Neodymium iron Boron Magnet eae pecifications 4611 86 Size 2 4 x 0 7 x 0 5 cm Face polarised disc shaped magnets May be used for many magnetic demonstrations where intense field strength is an important criterion Protected against corrosion and can be used up to 80 C are not suitable in situations Ferrite Magnet involving impact or significant vibration Magnetised through thickness Specifications Specifications Materi
124. ducts Featuring easy to use two button operation a high contrast LCD display multiple weighing units four application modes and the option of either RS232 or USB connectivity the Scout Pro Balance is the high quality portable balance for daily use Specifications Capacity 200 g Sensitivity 0 01 g Also available Capacity 400 g Sensitivity 0 01 g code 2219 61 Capacity 400 g Sensitivity 0 1 g code 2219 62 Capacity 600 g Sensitivity 0 1 g code 2219 63 Capacity 2 kg Sensitivity 0 1 g code 2219 64 Capacity 4 kg Sensitivity 0 1 g code 2219 65 Capacity 6 kg Sensitivity 1 g code 2219 66 A high quality electronic balance for schools laboratory usage Simple to use and calibrate provides high precision measurements Specifications Capacity 300 g Sensitivity 0 01 g Also available Capacity 200 g Sensitivity 0 01 g Capacity 500 g Sensitivity 0 01 g Capacity 1 kg Sensitivity 0 01 g Capacity 2 kg Sensitivity 0 01 g code 2219 31 code 2219 32 code 2219 33 code 2219 34 Precision Mass Set 2220 60 66 Precision Mass Sets A complete set of masses for daily use in laboratory Available with different masses set from 1 mg to 1 kg Specifications Range 1 mg 50g Also available Range 10 mg 100 g code 2220 61 Range 1 g 500 g code 2220 64 Range 1 g 1 kg code 2220 66 133 SAPPAY GENERAL ACCESSORIES Measuring Instr
125. e Wet and dry bulb hygrometer The basics concepts of psychrometry can be demonstrated in this experiments The amount of water vapour in the air at any given time is usually less than that is required to saturate the air The relative humidity is the percent of saturation humidity generally calculated in relation to saturated vapour density yak Actual vapour densit Setup for Relative humidity PE hac actinic the experiment Saturation vapour density Relative humidity definition formula x100 The psychrometer or Wet amp Dry bulb hygrometer is an important instrument used for measuring the water vapour content Relative Humidity per unit of air at a given temperature The instrument is made up of two identical thermometers one being a wet bulb the other a dry bulb The wet bulb thermometer has its bulb wrapped in a tight fitting wicking material such as cotton which is soaked in distilled water When the thermometers are ventilated the wet bulb temperature will be lower than the dry bulb temperature Further examples of possible experiments Some experiments using the Heat System With minimal experimental setup time it is possible to show qualitatively how the air is expanded when heated and contracted when cooled Students involved in the thermocouple experiment Calorimeter with Joule s Law unit Detail of the air expansion in the U Tube manometer 17 Q SAMAY PHYSICS SYSTEMS Optics Specifi
126. e Aluminium foil for eddy currents 4612 63 e Magnetic field chamber 2D 4611 10 e Magnetic field chamber 3D 4611 12 e Pocket compass diam 38 mm 4614 40 e Plotting compass 10x 4614 31 e U shaped magnet with keeper 4611 71 e Horseshoe magnet with keeper 4611 72 e Horseshoe magnet with keeper 4611 81 e Pair of cylindrical magnets 4611 18 Earth s magnetic model diam 55 mm 4614 70 Pair of plastic cased bar magnets 4611 40 e Pair of bar magnets Chrome Steel 4611 50 e Pair of bar magnets Alnico 4611 65 Pair of bar magnets Ferrite 4612 09 e Ring magnets 5x 4612 03 e Cylindrical iron bar 4867 10 004 e Cylindrical steel bar 4867 10 005 e Hook 4867 10 006 e Ferromagnetic chain length 200 cm 4867 10 007 Iron filings package of 300 g 4612 12 e Stainless steel sphere 4230 85 PHYSICS SYSTEMS SA SCIENTIFIC Magnetism amp Electromagnetism 1 FS List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual e Magnetic field lines in 2D and 3D Deflection of a magnetic needle e Compasses Magnetic dipole interactions e Magnetic hysteresis of a steel bar Eddy currents in an aluminium tube The Earth s magnetic field Experiment sess eeee cere ere eeees Magnetic drag force Observe the effect of the eddy currents acting on a magnet falling in an aluminium tube Students demonstrating the effect of the eddy current Lenz s Law HdFa onain A falling magnet inducing a force inside an
127. e Earth s poles flattening demonstrator mounted on the electric motor it is possible to observe the effect of the centrifugal force on the shape of Earth Observing the role of centrifugal force on Earth s shape We can readily see that the squeezing of the poles is a balance of the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the Earth and a centripetal force due to the elastic deformation of the Earth Earth s poles flattening Centrifugal Forces and Earth s poles flattening Apparatus Dynamics Specifications Size 16 x 16 x 45 cm Weight approx 2 5 kg Mounted on base Equipment needed Vernier Photogate code 2312 10 Dual Range Force Sensor code 2311 10 LabPro code 2300 10 Regulated DC Power Supply Unit code 2409 20 F Components e Motor for Centrifugal Force Apparatus 4142 71 e Stackable plug lead length 50 cm red 2522 03 The apparatus is designed e Stackable plug lead length 50 cm black 2522 08 to study centrifugal forces Bench Clamp 2x 5402 05 It can also be used to study Rolling wire suspension 4142 72 the phenomena of the e Centrifugal force rotator 4142 73 Earth s poles flattering demonstrator 4142 74 e Support Rod rounded ends length 500mm e Support Rod rounded ends length 350mm e Metal Bosshead with knobs 3x Reel of nylon filament N Laws and principles investigated e Centrifugal and centripetal force Model of Earth s pole flattering
128. e Investigating Signal versus Power transistors e Transistors in power applications thyristors SCR UJT and TRIAC e Theory of rectification in circuits Theory of reflection in circuits e Temperature and the use of thermistors in circuits e Looking at Zener diodes in circuits The astable multivibrator or flip flop circuit Experiment Board BS List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual Investigating the diode and the PN junction LED diodes e Experiments with rectifier diodes Working with Zener diodes e Experiments with the PNP transistor Experiments with the NPN transistor e Comparison between the signal and power transistor e Experiments with the unijunction transistor UJT e Experiments with the silicon controlled rectifier SCR e Investigating the TRIAC Working with the phototransistor e What is photoresistance e Experiments with the PTC positive temperature coefficient resistor e Experiments with the NTC negative temperature coefficient resistor e Experiments with the astable multivibrator 36 e Board for electricity and electronics 4762 02 e Si diode 2 plug 2x 4765 44 e Signal transistor PNP 4 plug 4766 06 e Signal transistor NPN 4 plug 4766 02 e Power transistor PNP 4 plug 4766 08 e Power transistor NPN 4 plug 4766 04 LED red colour 2 plug 4765 20 LED green colour 2 plug 4765 22 Infrared LED diode 2 plug 4765 28 e Unijunction transistor UJT 4
129. e Plug Lead 50 cm black colour plug 4 mm Silicone grease e Rubber stopper with one hole 87 x 28 x 5 mm e Rubber stopper solid e Rubber stopper with one hole 23 x 16 x 4 mm e Paraffin block 4x e Set of two cylinders stainless steel and aluminium e Sponge piece Set U shaped rod e Specific heat cylinders 5405 71 2x 5408 81 L350 5408 81 L500 5401 23 5401 43 2275 10 4672 00 1118 50 1118 35 1118 20 1226 15 1481 05 1331 05 5449 25 L2000 1274 00 5416 20 2240 15 4230 71 4230 66 2522 03 2522 08 5424 50 5450 42 5450 23 5450 38 5424 52 4200 95 4200 97 4200 96 4230 96 Heat System in case Hardware components for experiments Specifications Size 73 x 50 x 16 cm Weight approx 6 kg Packing durable ABS plastic carry case with foam inserts Equipment needed Methane Butane Cylinder Power Supply 10 A code 2407 60 Equipment suggested Stainless Steel Temperature Probe code 2314 20 or Thermocouple code 2314 10 Go Temp code 2320 20 Gas Pressure Sensor code 2311 40 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 This system introduces basic concepts of thermodynamics and heat experiments It provides a framework for understanding and quantitatively assessing introductory thermo dynamics questions and problems Centrifuge tube beakers filtering flask and graduated cylinder 2 Calorimeter with Joule s Law Appara
130. e Spheres with Hook set 4137 00 e Magnetic Support for Pendulum Cord 4941 20 005 e Plasticine 4941 20 006 X Laws and principles investigated e Determination of the acceleration of gravity Drag force Free fall motion Law of the Pendulum 46 Pendulum accessories SAMAY Also available with Remote Control code 4941 21 RC Equipment needed Track Set code 4954 12 Timing Set code 4922 10 Electronic Oscillation Counter code 2237 12 The study of free fall and the pendulum is one of the most fundamental studies in mechanics A free falling object is an object which is falling under the influence of gravity That is to say that any object which is moving and being acted upon only be the force of gravity is said to be in a state of free fall Determining and measuring free fall is made easy with our Mechanics Upgrade 2 You simply mount the Track in the vertical position and gather your data The acceleration of gravity is studied by measuring the time necessary for a falling body to travel a fixed distance on the graduated scale With this upgrade you can also verify the Pendulum Law Using the Altay Oscillations Counter and Electronic Timer the period of the pendulum can be easily and accurately measured SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System Experiment s sees eee eee cere eeees Free fall motion Explore free fall motion with Altay Mechanics Upgrade 2 Free fall experiment ready to go
131. e a to the tip of the b we obtain the sum a b of the two vectors a b Graphical representation of the sum of vectors This is usually called rule of the parallelogram for the shape of the graph With the Force Table we can vary the angle between different forces to observe how the resultant changes 56 Height approx 40 cm Equipment suggested Dual Range Force Sensor code 2311 10 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 The Altay Force Table is ideal for teaching composition and addition of vectors and provides an ideal platform for determination and addition of forces Also known as a Varignon Table our quality Force Table comes complete with a set of weights and self clamping low friction pulleys to allow accurate measurement of resultant vectors sums and associated angle measurements The Altay Force Table is easy to set up simple attach weights forces to the mass holder and attach to central ring which then hangs over the edge of the table through the pulleys By varying the magnitude the forces and moving the pulleys to adjust the angles you can easily measure the resolving angles using the printed protractor on top of table A bubble level bob is also supplied for increased accuracy I Components e Force Table Stand 4114 11 001 e Low Friction Pulley for Force Table 3x 4114 11 002 e Dual Range Force Sensor Adapter 4114 11 003 e Slotted Masses 250g 3x 4111 74 e
132. e accurate F Components Air track Assembly 4132 00 001 Basic accessories e Pendulum for Air Track 4132 00 002 gliders slides e Needle with Support 4132 00 003 photogates e Sewing needle 20x 4132 00 004 and bumpers Slider for Air Track long 2x 4132 00 005 e Long flag for Air Track 2x 4132 00 006 e Small Stirrup 4x 4132 00 007 e Large Stirrup 2x 4132 00 008 e Slider for Air Track short 4132 00 009 e ABS Bush 2x 4132 00 010 e Swan shaped hook 4132 00 011 e Clip with ring 4132 00 012 N e D Electronic Digital Bumper for Air Track 4132 00 013 ques ee TA Timer e Masses with support 4132 00 014 TE os A 2 e Cord with rings 2x 4132 00 015 Cree b Black cardboard 50 x 70 x 0 2 mm 4x 4132 00 016 D a SS e Black cardboard 70 x 100 x 0 2 mm 2x 4132 00 017 _ o o Painted aluminium flag 4132 00 018 White cardboard 150 x 100 20x 4132 00 019 i Air blowerand Red PVC rod 4132 00 020 voltage regulator e Sewing thread reel 4132 00 021 e PVC Sheet 2x 4132 00 022 e Aluminium threaded bush M3 2x 4132 00 023 e Magnet with rod 2x 4132 00 024 e Electromagnet 4132 00 025 e Electronic Digital Timer 2232 50 e Photogate Altay Brand 2x 2232 52 e Power Supply 12 V DC 220 V AC 2402 56 e Pulley for Inclined Plane 4112 05 Air Blower 4132 50 Voltage Regulator for Air Blower 4132 52 Stainless Steel Sphere diam 12 mm 2x 4230 83 e Reel of Nylon Filament 4620 90 e Cylindrical Magnet
133. e amplification in a circuit Each component can easily be interconnected with each other through our specially developed lab circuit board Components included into the 38 Electronics System 2 Specifications Size 50 x 42 x 12 cm Weight approx 3 kg Packing comes with a durable ABS plastic carry case with foam inserts Equipment needed Electronics System 2 comes with durable ABS plastic carry case with foam inserts Electronics System 1 code 4868 10 Regulated DC Power Supply Unit code 2409 20 Equipment suggested Digital Multimeter code 2275 10 Voltage Probe code 2313 30 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 Electronics System 2 consists of a set of components mounted in handy to use plug in blocks with two or four plug sockets Together with our Electronics System 1 you can perform many advanced experiments The system allows the student to quickly setup and assemble circuits by simply plugging each electrical circuit blocks into the lab circuit board Using our System 2 upgrade you take students from the basic properties of transistors right through to practical applications of electronic amplifiers I Components e Microphone with cable 4766 50 e Loudspeaker 4 plug 4766 54 Bridge rectifier 4 plug 4765 42 e Signal transistor NPN 4 plug 2x 4766 02 e Power transistor NPN 4 plug 4766 04 e Capacitor 500 uF not polarized
134. e beam of light The directional change of the light is also affected by degree of concentration of the solution and distance the light must travel through it Other features such as temperature and wavelength of light are also important Optics System 2 experimental setup to show rotation of light using a sugar solution The above formula defines the specific rotatory power of a substance at a given temperature and wavelength For a given angle all the polarised light is collected on the screen PPTA Z7 E i they i gt m t M The angle is adjusted until all light is blocked out 22 ALTAY SCIENTIFIC PHYSICS SYSTEMS Optics Experiment gt ssceecr rece reece eee cere eee reece reece rece reece reece eee ervccces Malus Law Explanation and verification of Malus Law If we consider the polarised light coming from the first polariser we can analyze how much of this light is transmitted through the second polariser Let A be the amplitude of plane polarised light incident on the second polariser The light is incident at angle to direction of the first polariser The component of A A cos8 is transmitted and whilst A sin is not transmitted Photometer assembly for the Malus Law experiment The resistance value is dependent on the lllumination vs angle angle between the polarisers Hihii n The intensity is proportional to the square of amplitude so that the i
135. e buoyancy of air when the Balance is located inside a vacuum jar and the air is evacuated you clearly demonstrate the lack of pressure as the balance inclines Digital Large Display 2236 60 Easily show the results of classroom experiments in any unit of measurement with the New Digital Large Display Full details on page 129 SGAAY 4731 00 The Altay New Variable Inductance apparatus is designed to demonstrate the generation of magnetic fields and the basic principles of inductance Variable Inductance Full details on page 106 V I P and Phase Shift Meter 2276 10 The Altay V I P and Phase Shift Meter is a very useful instrument for conducting all types of electrical measurements Easy and practical it includes a built in connection to the Altay New Digital Large Display 2236 60 Full details PANN on page 129 4836 60 Originally designed by Robert Millikan 1909 the Altay New Millikan Apparatus recalls the classic experiment to measure the electric charge of the electron it s an ideal instrument to begin to explore the basic principles of Modern Physics Millikan Apparatus Full details on page 114 PHYSICS SYSTEMS Mechanics Mechanics System 1 4861 10 An introductory system to study basic mechanics Mechanics System 1 V4 Components e Sectional universal base with 3 knob 2x e Pulley with hook 2x e Plastic Pulley with metal rod e Scale pan hooked wit
136. e e e e e e e e e e e e e e J e e e e e e e e Relative density The pressure exerted within a liquid depends only from the free surface and from the liquid density Using two non mixable fluids inside the U tube e g water and oil it is possible to verify the equation for the relative density p B h n Schema for the relative density determination T Patm Relative density of two non mixable fluids Experiment esses ccc c reer eee eee ee ee ee eee eee ee eee eee eee eee eee eee er eevee Perfect gas law Application of the perfect gas law to an air filled syringe By measuring the force needed to pull the piston at a certain distance with an air filled syringe it s possible to verify the perfect gas law Perfect gas law p M nRT Experiment setup using gas pressure sensor and datalogger Aala Fil for Litest Force T Ae ee A 1 35 1 0S B 1826 005555 0 006906 DITI RMSE 0 5611 Pressure force graph vs syringe piston position Force schematic of the perfect gas law experiment ut i 13 Q SAMAY PHYSICS SYSTEMS Mechanics Experiment see eee cece e rere reer ee ee ee ee eee eee eee eee eee e nese ee eee eccee Hare s apparatus Find the relative density of a liquid Hare s apparatus consists of an inverted U Tube We immersed in two vessels of fluid One vessel is filled with water and the other with a fluid of unknown density By pinchin
137. e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Transformers How to obtain a different voltage The transformer is an electric machine able to change transform an AC input voltage to another AC output voltage It consists of two coils primary and secondary wrapped around the same ferromagnetic core as shown in the picture Using a Transformer p KE a 8 E Experiment using a transformer to change the voltage provided by a power supply ELECTRIC CIRCUIT ASSEMBLY SCHEME Let us indicate with N the number of turns of the while we define a voltage y primary coil and with N the number of turns of transformation ratio as l the secondary coil therefore we can define a coil N V turn ratio as 2 That is the Further examples of classical experiments It can be proved that transformation ratio Sample setup offered by this system is equal to the turn coil ratio Motor model If N gt N then the voltage on the primary will be greater than the one on the secondary step down transformer Otherwise if N lt Ns then the voltage on the secondary will be greater than the one on the primary step up transformer Students can try to measure with a digital multimeter both the voltage at the primary and the voltage at the secondary for different coil turn ratios aK as shown in the picture above 35 PHYSICS SYSTEMS
138. e edges and stainless steel pan everything about the Cent O Gram Balance ensures a high standard of quality Specifications Capacity 311 g Sensitivity 0 01 g Graduations front beam 1 g x 0 01 g second beam 10g x 1g third beam 100 g x 10g rear beam 200 g x 100g Ohaus Scout Pro Balance SAPPAY Ohaus Triple Beam Balance Classical mechanical balance m n Whether you re weighing solids liquids powders or even animals an Ohaus Triple Beam balance is well equipped to handle the job This series provides the convenience of a top loading balance with the durability and versatility to accommodate a range of lab applications The Triple Beam Balance Series is known world wide for its durability and versatility to accommodate a range of lab applications Main characteristics are removable stainless steel pan three notched and tiered beams with centre reading and spring loaded zero adjust compensator Specifications Capacity with optional attachment weight set 2 610 g without 610 g Sensitivity 0 1 g Graduations front beam 10 g x 0 1 g second beam 500 g x 100 g rear beam 100 g x 10g Platform size 6 x 0 8 cm dia x depth Altay Electronic Balance Higher accuracy balance 2219 60 66 Top quality balance Accurate and immediate weight measures in laboratory industrial or education applications the Ohaus Scout Pro continues the tradition set by the Ohaus Scout and Scout II pro
139. e source is positive Either way the leaves are now charged the same way as each other or so they repel each other The amount they open up is proportional to the charge of the source if the sources are always held at the same distance from the hook t AL Induction charging is a method used to charge an object without e actually touching the object to bed any other charged object If such s a charged rod is brought near to the hook of an electroscope it will induce the similarly charged electrons to move away from the rod and the leaves Since both leaves will have the same charge they will repel each other and move apart Induction by induction and conduction Measuring charge in a hollow sphere with electroscope and datalogger ti Charging by conduction Ne means that the charging rod ert actually touches the electroscope s hook js Since there is contact electrons from the knob would flow onto a positive rod or off of a negative rod Charging by conduction leaves the electroscope with a residual charge identical to that of the charging rod When the electrified rod touches the electroscope it is possible to observe that the leaves of the instrument move apart one from the other The negative charge induced by the metallic rod causes a repulsive action that moves them apart Using the graduated scale we can measure the size of this charge Conduction Experiment
140. e space ratio 3 1 4485 27 e The Laser principles of operation Investigating diffraction e Metal gauze 300 mesh for bidimensional diffraction grating 4485 23 e Experiments with interference patterns Diffraction grating 4455 20 Experiment eee ec cere rere eee eee ee ee ee ee ee eee eee eee e ee eee eee eee eeeees Light diffraction Study the laser behaviour in a diffraction grating A diffraction grating is a set of parallel slits used to disperse light It is ruled with closely spaced fine parallel grooves typically several thousand per cm It produces interference patterns in a way that separates all components of the incoming light Optical bench helps measuring distances The Optics Upgrade 3 contains all that you need to study diffraction principles i Laser from single and multiple slits lt s diffraction With the help of the optical bench it is easy to verify optics laws measuring detail the distances between the diffraction grating and the screen 53 SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System e Accessories Timing Set The Timing Set is an accessory pack for time measurements in dynamics experiments and can be an alternative to data logging Timing Set components Ball Launcher for Cart 4941 60 Ball Launcher for Cart can be used with Mechanics Upgrade 1 or with Altay Cart with Plunger Ball Launcher for Cart Ball Launcher on Altay Cart SAPPAY The Timing Set is a complete solution
141. eases Joly photometer inverse square law a P in inverse proportion to the square of distance Setup for the Joly photometer experiment r r for constant radiant intensity I Experiment gt gt s sec c creer reer eee eee e ee ee ee errr eee renee eee c cece eee e eee vees Focal length of a diverging lens How to find the exact focal length of a diverging lens If the converging lens has a focal length such that the system of the converging plus diverging T b lenses is still converging it is possible to recover g i mrii i the focal length of the system by using the thin lens equation valid in the Gauss approximation LPE SOE u v f Thin lens equation u is the object distance v is the image distance and f is the focal length Assembly for the determination of the focal length of a diverging lens optical axis Schematic view of symbols and sign 19 Q SAMAY PHYSICS SYSTEMS Optics Experiment gt secs ee creer rece eee eee ee eee e cere eee rece e eee er ee cere esc erecceces Refraction index of a glass prism By measuring the minimum deviation angle it is possible to get the refraction index of a prism Optical bench assembly for the determination of the refraction index of a prism Further examples of classical experiments A quick look at the experimental possibilities offered by this system Joly photometer Geometrical representation of Snell s Law The ab
142. echnology to excel LabQuest is the most powerful and intuitive interface designed specifically for science education Combined with Vernier sensors LabQuest will engage your students in hands on science and provide real time graphing and analysis Use it stand alone or with a PC Use your LabQuest stand alone Use your LabQuest with a PC Use your vieboies in any condition The Vernier LabQuest interface is build with rugged reliability in mind The Vernier LabQuest is designed to withstand a fall from a lab bench It is water resistant and holds a battery charge for your entire school day SAPPAY One touch simplicity for real time data analysis at your LabQuest the most powerful and intuitive interface for science education Features of LabQuest fingertips the Vernier LabQuest is as easy to use as point and touch Vernier LabQuest offers a durable color touch screen interface with powerful built in software It provides intuitive data collection in the field as well as in the classroom The new LabQuest can be used with your existing Vernier sensors Also for good measure a handy touch screen display was added so the students do not have to work with messy and hard to use menus or a complicated array of buttons e High speed data collection with color graphs and powerful analysis Linear and curve fits e Draw a prediction before taking data Display a tangent line on the graph e Color co
143. ediately note the presence of two frequencies superimposed which are related to the normal modes of oscillation Data from the coupled motion of pendulums Eddy Current Set Equipment Needed PB AAS Track Set code 4954 12 Mechanics Upgrade 1 code 4941 14 or Altay Cart with Plunger code 4941 13 Studying the Foucault Currents The Altay Eddy Current Set is the simplest and more effective way to study Eddy Currents and all the principles Eddy Current Set concerning them F Components An eddy current is reproduced by using e Aluminium flag with slits 4941 51 001 a C shaped e Aluminium flag without slits 1 mm 4941 51 002 magnet affixed to e Aluminium flag without slits 3 mm 4941 51 003 the track and then e Magnetic poles C shaped 4941 51 004 ni pa pa pass once of the kits e Metallic flag for motion sensor 4941 51 005 E screens through it Support for Magnet W116A1 Eddy current also known as Foucault current is a phenomenon caused by a moving magnetic field intersecting a conductor or vice versa The relative motion causes a circulating flow of electrons or currents within the conductor With this kit students can easily study electromagnetic brakes also called eddy current brakes to retard motion or cause deceleration in a moving system This type of brake converts kinetic energy to heat without contact between the moving parts Heat is generated in the screen as a direct result of
144. eee eee ee eee eee ec eces Waves An introduction to a wide range of teaching involving longitudinal waves Altay s Spring Set allows teachers to literally introduce a hands on approach to the teaching of waves The motion of the coil compressions of the springs resemble sound waves You can observe reflection and interference on the slinky created by students themseves Wave Form Helix iut Helix Spring Explore longitudinal waves The Wave Form Helix is the best way to figure out how longitudinal waves work A Laws and principles investigated e Logitudinal waves Specifications Diameter 8 cm Unstretched length 13 cm stretched length approx 5 m 80 Discover transversal waves Try the Helix Spring to discover transversal waves A Laws and principles investigated e Transversal waves Specifications Diameter 2 cm Unstretched length 1 m SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Waves amp Oscillations e Specifications Melde s Apparatus 8815 35 A simple experiment to study standing waves Equipment Suggested on a string amplitude of waves Melde s Apparatus components Melde s Apparatus detail p Laws and principles investigated Standing waves on a string Experiment essesceesesossoesosocooecosocooeoeosoeo Standing waves Easy determination of amplitude and wavelength in a standing wave Simply connect a string with a hanging mass attac
145. em Further examples of workable experiments z E aE ii Integral for Latest Acceleration 2 ai Intearak 23513 miss The area enclosed by the curve represents the rate of change of momentum i T T T jk T T 39 T i 1424 0 847 Time 2 3 Experimental data acquired with a datalogger Inelastic collision between two carts Setup for study different types of collisions a L OE Different graphs with and without magnet acting as a friction force Magnet An example of a basic dynamic set up oeoeeoeee ooeouoeeeoeoe5ooeeeoee4eeeeeoeuoe4eeeeoeo eueeeoeoeoeeoeoeoeoeu4eeeeoeee0coeoeoeeoeoeeoeeeoeueoeeoeofeoeeeoeeeoeoeoe eueoeeoeeoeu04eeeoeeoe e e 11 PHYSICS SYSTEMS Mechanics Mechanics System 3 Specifications 4861 30 masg a i Size 73 x 50 x 16 cm Weight approx 8 kg A basic introductory mechanics system for mechanics of fluids Packing external suitcase in hard ABS internal foam for prevention of accidental breakage Mechanics System 3 introduces the basic concepts of fluid dynamics The system provides a useful framework to understand and study Equipment suggested quantitatively many fluid dynamics Case 2 Size 124 x 28 x 12 cm Weight approx 4 kg i Gas Pressure Sensor code 2311 40 experiments Dual Range Force Sensor code 2311 10 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest Mechanics System 3 case 1 hardware case code 2300 30 or
146. enerally proportional to L and to AT Therefore we can say AL aLaAT Linear Thermal Expansion Law Where a is called the coefficient of linear expansion for the material For an isotropic material a will be the same in all directions so we can measure a simply by measuring the change in length of the material The values obtained for the coefficient of linear expansion will be compared with accepted values to determine the composition of each rod 86 SINGLE ITEMS Thermodynamics Compound Bar 4200 60 Simple instrument to study thermal expansion Altay Compound Bar Bimetal Strip with Electric Contact 4200 80 Simple demonstrator for thermal expansion ALTAY SCIENTIFIC Specifications Equipment needed Length 300 mm Bunsen Burner code 5511 00 Demonstrates how the unequal expansion of different metals may be used for practical applications principle of bimetallic thermostats switches etc With wooden handle IS Laws and principles investigated e Expansion of solids Functioning of thermostats Specifications Size 10 x 10 x 12 cm Weight approx 150 g Mounted on base with electrical plugs for electric contacts A simple device that shows how we can use two different metals joined together to produce a thermostat The apparatus consists of a bimetal strip that expands differently on both sides due to two different materials Once heated it will bend to one side as o
147. ength tension and thickness of a vibrating string Three Wire Sonometer apparatus X Laws and principles investigated Vibration frequency of a stretched string as a function of the length tension and density of the string e Frequency versus length Frequency versus tension e Frequency versus mass per unit of length 81 ALTAY SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Acoustics Experiment esse ccc r reer eee ee ee eee ee ee eee eee rere een ee ee eee ccc cccces ed Vibrating strings How to visualize the normal modes of a string ES em aw a iii NA ia nig zo i at See gt Students can readily verify the dependence of the pitch on the length of the string by just inserting a bridge under the string so to choose such length Moreover two strings of different diameters are put under tension a pe k my s Du e ae ei ee ee 2S Se nS r a V aii with an endless screw device weights or a dynamometer can be attached iN AQ P lt j to the other string The excitation of the strings is obtained with a bass ie at ra a Fart bow or by simply plucking them Examples of normal modes of a vibrating string Pair of LA3 Tuning Forks Specifications 4317 40 Size approx 14 x 7 x 20 cm each Weight approx 0 4 kg each A pair of mounted tuning forks for interference Tuning forks are a standard tool in school laboratories and resonance experiments helping students to understand the relationship between wave
148. eriment to give a quantitative explanation Newton stated that a hot object cools down at a environment of the thermometer s time constant rate proportional to the difference between its This is important as it gives insight to the heat temperature and that of its surroundings sensitivity of the thermometer An easy demonstration of this would be to place a mercury thermometer in hot water and observe the effect on the glass of the thermometer and the mercury inside it The graph below can be described using the following equation i T t 7 T T je Newton s Law of heating and cooling Where T t is the temperature of the system T is the temperature of hot water To is the temperature of the thermometer and T is the time constant Temperature vs time diagram of a mercury Pal thermometer placed Fs in an environment with higher iT Fit for Last Temoeratore TEE TT ened E temperature A TA Se 003525 E 3010 s 00a COG w 1763 RMSE 0 376 Tareperature j Experimental data Showing the heating for a temperature sensor immersed in a beaker with hot water With just a beaker boiling water and a thermometer it is possible to measure thermal sensitivity 0 4225 55 7 16 snc ew OAN PHYSICS SYSTEMS Thermodynamics Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e
149. ersonal computers e Think of LoggerPro as the digital data hub of your classroom and lab It can gather data from a variety of sources Vernier LabPro Go devices Ohaus balances TI graphing calculators Palm Powered handhelds manual entry movies and more Easily export data and graphs from LoggerPro to Microsofte Word documents or Excel spreadsheets Students can even use the multiple page feature to write lab reports in LoggerPro e LoggerPro will be your students favourite graphing program Our generous LoggerPro site license allows your students to continue working with lab data on their home computers e LoggerPro includes over 1 000 experiment files Specifications e Designed for Windows XP Mac OS X Native e Software of choice for Apple Mobile Science Labs e Available in multiple languages Analysis tools e Draw predictions on graphs prior to collecting data e Determine statistical information about data Perform a linear regression Fit a curve to data Model data with an equation Elastic collision Compatibility peMcen two carts ABP ro plotted in LoggerPro Go Temp Go Link Go Motion software e Vernier Spectrometer e Garmin GPS e Wireless Dynamics Sensor System e Ohaus Balances Features e Video capture e GPS data collection e Vernier Spectrometer and Ocean Optics support Centrifugal forces CEE LE apparatus data plotted in multiple graphs
150. eter and a temperature probe is easy to acquire data and Copper specific determine the specific heat of materials heat measurement Wireless Dynamics Sensor System Force acceleration altitude All in one all wireless Wireless Dynamics Sensor System the wireless solution for datalogging DATALOGGER amp SENSORS AUTAY SCIENTIFIC The Light Sensor is ideal for use with the Altay Optics Systems 1 and 2 for accurate data on a very wide range of experiments Using a Light Sensor we can acquire extremely accurate interference fringes and other diffraction patterns The Light Sensor and the Altay Optics System 2 Equipment needed e LoggerPro 3 4 5 software e Windows XP SP2 or newer or Macintosh OS X 10 3 or newer e Bluetoothe wireless technology enabled computer All in one all wireless Ideal for use with the Altay Multiuse Systems this new sensor offers true portability Using Bluetoothe technology it is useful for both experiments inside the physics lab as well as on amusement park rides The new Wireless Dynamics Sensor System combines a 3 axis accelerometer force sensor and altimeter into one unit that communicates wirelessly with your computer via Bluetoothe You can also use it as a stand alone data logger It is more than just a wireless sensor it is a complete data collection system completely free of friction due to cables A complete system The Wireless Dynamics Sensor System inc
151. etup whilst still safe and secure to use Students realizing a voltage transformation Specifications Generator Model 4739 20 Demonstration model of dynamo for easy understanding of the functioning Bicycle dynamo on plastic base dimensions 12 x 12 cm complete with a E10 MES bulb on bulb holder and two 4 mm sockets for the dynamo output Base dimensions approx 12 x 12 cm The dynamo is driven by a crank transmission ratio 1 4 Complete with spare bulb Laws and principles investigated e Motor spinning Dynamo e Current generation Altay s Generator Model 110 SINGLE ITEMS SAPPAY Electricity amp Electronics Demonstration Dynamo 4739 40 Open demonstration model of dynamo for easy understanding of the functioning Z Altay s Demonstration Dynamo side view Motor Unit 4743 05 Open demonstration model of motor for easy understanding of the functioning Motor Unit front side ra Laws and principles investigated e Motor spinning Dynamo e Interaction between currents and magnetic fields Logic Circuit Board 4781 00 Easy to use digital circuits project and testing board Specifications Base dimensions approx 150 x 200 mm Completely exposed demonstration model An armature comprising two coils of copper wire is mounted to rotate about a horizontal axis The spin of the armature is obtained for means of
152. evaporation of water e Newton s Law of Heating or Cooling Phase transition e The graph for the solidification of paraffin e Pulse glass functioning principle Saturated and supersaturated solutions e Saturated and supersaturated solutions Wet and dry bulb hygrometer Different solution phenomena at different temperatures Specific Heat Expansion of air at constant pressure and volume Thermal agitation conduction and expansion e Thermal convection in fluids Thermostat and thermocouple Peltier Seebeck effect e Thermal conductivity of iron brass aluminium and copper e Conduction of heat by water Absorption of thermal radiation In holding a pulse Thermal insulation Construction of a simple Dewar vessel glass in your hand Heating different quantities of liquid you can observe e Specific heat capacity of liquids and solid bodies some surprising Equilibrium temperature of mixed liquids phenomena and e Heat capacity of the calorimeter experience the Conversion of mechanical energy into thermal energy Joule s effect effects of Expansion of ice Latent heat of fusion of ice Thermal Energy Latent heat of vaporisation of water e Evaporation of two different liquids Boiling point elevation Experiment sees cece cece rere eee ee ee ee ee ee ee eee errr eee ene n ree eee cc ccee Time constant of a thermometer To study the thermal sensitivity of a mercury thermometer and a thermocouple An exp
153. f the bridge rectifier it is possible to stabilize the tension of the DC current While one set of diodes is forward biased the other set is reverse biased and effectively eliminated from the circuit AAJ Full wave Positive current flow rectification schema ADMA Specifications Capacitance Box 4690 00 04 A didactic solution for students to handle capacitances at site Size 135 x 90 x 55 mm Weight approx 150 g 11 position switch 4 mm sockets Max voltage 50 V Accuracy 10 Capacitance 1 2 2 4 7 10 22 47 100 220 470 1000 nF Capacitance Box detail Altay Capacitance Boxes are designed to be sturdy and are also very useful in laboratories The strong ABS case prevents damage and is printed with large easy to read capacitance value to A a facilitate experimenting in a circuit OO without having to disconnect Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Capacitances in series and in parallel Verify the laws of capacitances in circuits Capacitors are different from resistors connected in series Capacitors in series can be shown as l aT 1 C C Two or more capacitors are rarely deliberately connected in series in real circuits but it can be useful to connect capacitors in parallel to obtain a very large capacitance for example to smooth a power supply Ceg in series mounting Capacitances in series diodes a
154. fect Experiment sseeseec errr rrr e eee c reece cece ce cees Condenser principles Verify the law of capacitors In order to verify the laws governing charge and potential in the two condensers the first step is to charge one of the discs With a differential voltage sensor it is possible to acquire f data on the computer and verify the dependence of the potential difference on the distance _ between the two disks The plates can be manually adjusted by means of a micrometer screw gauge A set of three dielectric plates of bakelite glass and wood is supplied in Students order to verify the dependence of charging the capacity on the medium between the condenser two disks 99 SAMAY SINGLE ITEMS Magnetism amp Electromagnetism Various Magnets Different shape magnets for a wide number of magnetism experiments Specifications In physics magnetism is one of the phenomena by which materials exert an All items can be bought separately iron some steels and the mineral lodestone however all materials are influenced attractive or repulsive force on other materials NS Laws and principles investigated to a greater or lesser degree by the presence of a magnetic field Some well known materials that easily exhibit detectable magnetic properties are Altay offers a wide variety of permanent magnets e Magnetic poles Magnetic field Lines of force Cylindrical Magnets Plastic Cased Bar Magnets Cylin
155. fic gravity weighing 1 2 hole in base for lab rod provision for suspending sample below platform Die cast aluminium box and beam Ideal for school laboratories the convenience and speed of a direct reading dial calibrated 10 g x 0 1 g makes this balance one of the most popular in schools worldwide The Dial O Gram Balance provides the convenience of a top loading balance with the durability and versatility to accommodate a range of lab applications All models have a tare beam to allow containers up to 225 g to be weighed accurately The Dial O Gram Balance combines the versatility of even arm balance and the speed and convenience of a dial reading of up to 100 g Specifications Capacity with optional attachment weight set 2 610 g without 610 g Sensitivity 0 1 g Graduations centre beam 500 g x 100 g rear beam 100 g x 10 g dial 10 g x 0 1 g Tare 225 g GENERAL ACCESSORIES Measuring Instruments Ohaus Cent O Gram Balance All day use mechanical balance The Ohaus Cent O Gram Balance is a favorite in classrooms and industries worldwide The Cent O Gram Balance offers high precision and remarkable value The three point base special floating bearing principle and beam design eliminates the need for level adjustment Zeroing is quickly achieved by means of a zero adjust knob at the end of the beam With aluminum pressure castings for the base and beam assembly agate bearings steel knif
156. frequency and pitch The Altay tuning forks can be used to perform several experiments Ideal for determining the wave frequency can be used with a data logger and sound sensor and the pitch These high quality aluminium forks are mounted on a base to enhance the resonant sounds Complete with rubber mallet f g Components Tuning forks e LA3 tuning fork 2x 4317 40 001 e Resonance box for tuning forks 2x 4317 40 002 e Rubber mallet 4317 40 003 e Sliding masses on fork 2x 4317 40 004 KS Laws and principles investigated e Use of the tuning forks Resonance Interference Beats The tuning fork is a sound generator It was invented by John Shore in 1711 and it is used for determining musical pitch and also in sound experiments The tuning fork generates a pure sound of a determined frequency Each fork is a metallic elastic body which vibrates and then generates longitudinal elastic waves of acoustic frequencies Experiment J e e J e e e e e e e e e e e J e e e e e e e J e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e J e J e J e e e e e e e J e e e J Pure tone LA3 sound and resonance Tuning fork in use When the tuning fork is mounted on the resonance box and is hit with the mallet it will transmit a vibrational energy to the walls of the resonance box and then to the air inside the box The box is also an oscillating system and therefore can resonate both on the fundamental frequency as well as on higher harmoni
157. functionality and software applications Apps 480 KB Flash ROM memory for data archive and storage of Apps 24KB of available RAM memory e USB port for computer connectivity unit to unit communication with TI 84 Plus and TI 84 Plus Silver Edition graphing calculators and more 1 O port for communication with other TI products e Internal Clock with date and time display 8 line by 16 character display e Real and complex numbers calculated to 14 digit accuracy and displayed with 10 digits plus a 2 digit exponent e Compatible with Vernier EasyLink and Vernier EasyTemp systems to allow collection and analysis of real world data TI USB Graph Link Connectivity Kit 8300 42 Easy connection between TI 84 Plus and Windows and Macintosh Computers The TI USB Graph Link Connectivity Kit allows easy connections between your Tl 84 Plus and your PC to download and share your data Easy to use as the others Texas Instruments products includes a USB Tl Graph Link cable that works on Windows or Macintosh computers to be immediately ready to work Features of TI USB GRAPH LINK Connectivity Kit e Capture multiple screen images and use them in tests presentations and quizzes Drag and drop all data types in one consistent manner e Download calculator Software Applications to use your TI calculator in more classes e Back up the data from your TI calculator to your computer S SCIENTIFIC DATALOGGER amp SENSORS S
158. g Contact 108 4230 60 Mixing Calorimeter 89 4697 00 Potentiometer Bridge 109 4230 65 Joule s Law Unit for Calorimeter 90 4729 00 Transformer Demonstration 110 4230 97 Different Bodies with Equal Mass 62 4731 00 Variable Inductance 106 4230 98 Small Cubes with Equal Volume 63 4739 20 Generator Model 110 4235 10 Mechanical Equivalent of Heat Apparatus 90 4739 40 Dynamo Demonstration 111 4311 80 Ripple Tank 79 4743 05 Motor Unit 111 4315 00 Wave Form Helix 80 4781 00 Logic Circuit Board 111 4315 02 Spring Helix 80 4832 00 Radioactivity Bench 113 4315 16 Spring Set 80 4836 60 Millikan Apparatus 114 4315 35 Melde s Apparatus 81 4861 10 Mechanics System 1 6 4315 60 Vacuum Bell with Plate 76 4861 20 Mechanics System 2 9 4316 05 Sonometer Three Wire 81 4861 30 Mechanics System 3 12 4317 40 Tuning Forks Pair of LA3 82 4862 10 Heat System 15 4317 90 Tuning Forks Set 83 4864 10 Optics System 1 18 4331 27 Resonance Apparatus 84 4864 21 Optics System 2 21 4417 50 Optical Bench Deluxe Edition 92 4864 30 Optics System 3 24 4417 60 Optical Bench Standard Edition 94 4865 10 Electrostatics System 26 4453 22 Newton s Disk 95 4866 10 Electricity System 1 32 4455 02 Spectrometer 95 4866 20 Electricity System 2 34 4455 30 Spectrometer Handheld 96 4867 10 Magnetics System 1 28 4470 10 17 Spectrum Tubes 96 4867 20 Magnetics System 2 30 4470 50 Spectrum Tubes Holder 96 4868 10 Electronics System 1 36 4611 18 Magnets Cylindrical 100 4868 20 Electronics System 2 3
159. g Forks e Tuning fork e1 320 Hz 4317 90 003 in its ABS case with Tuning fork f1 341 3 Hz 4317 90 004 foam inserts e Tuning fork g1 384 Hz 4317 90 005 e Tuning fork a1 426 6 Hz 4317 90 006 e Tuning fork h1 480 Hz 4317 90 007 e Tuning fork c2 512 Hz 4317 90 008 e Rubber mallet 4317 90 009 N Laws and principles investigated e Measure the frequency and period of sound waves from tuning forks e Measure the amplitude of sound waves from tuning forks e Investigating resonance interference and beats Experiment s eee c ccc creer reece ee eee ee eee eee ee eee eee eee eee eee sec ecereees Resonance frequencies Determine the sound frequency of the tuning forks When tuning forks are vibrated the forks create a compression and a rarefaction of the surrounding air ee ce Periodically vibrating the tuning fork alternatively compresses and rarefies the surrounding air that transmits this in the form of longitudinal waves that move away from the source When these waves reach the ear they cause us to hear a sound This set of tuning forks is ideal in all the experiments useful to illustrate acoustic phenomenon particularly with the Three Wire Sonometer code 4316 05 and the Resonance Apparatus code 4331 27 0 40 i oww onto Gren aoi TA o Sample use of a Sound pressure data acquisition datalogger to determine the frequency of tuning forks The diaphragm of a microphone sensor records these variation
160. g the tube at any point higher than the Y Piece you will notice both liquids rise to a certain height in each tube Therefore when air is removed from the top of the apparatus the liquids rise in the tubes to heights which are inversely proportional to their densities Therefore Hare s apparatus is used to compare the density of two liquids p E h p h Formula of the relative density of a liquid with respect to another y p D E d l Students acquiring data from Hare s apparatus Other apparatus and setups for this system Examples of various experiments on the mechanics of fluids Venturi s tube Force pump Bernoulli Blower Communicating vessels apparatus 14 PHYSICS SYSTEMS Thermodynamics Heat System 4862 10 Study thermology with this compact and easy to use system I Components Universal base 2X e Support Rod length 35 cm 2x 2x e Support Rod length 50 cm 2x 4x 2x gt e Bosshead X e Swivel bosshead 2X e Digital multimeter e Thermocouple type T e Beaker low form 500 ml e Beaker low form 250 ml e Beaker low form 100 ml e Cylinder graduated 100 x 1 ml e Centrifuge Tube 100 ml Filtering Flask 500 ml e Silicone Tubing e Drying Tube e Extension clamp with rod 2x e Mercury thermometer range 10 C 110 C x 1 C 2x e Calorimeter e Joule s law unit e Stackable Plug Lead 50 cm red colour plug 4 mm e Stackabl
161. ging sensors such as motion sensors and photogate sensors This is truly a versatile addition to any physics lab and underlines Altay s commitment to quality products at affordable prices yeasts sits ee Altay Track A a showing the Dynamics Scale 7G components Altay Track Track terminals Fixing nuts Our Multiuse Track solution is designed to use only one track in multiple setups as a track in mechanics experiments as an operating desk in free fall and pendulum experiences and as an optical bench _ s i Altay Track oe gD showing Free Fall and Pendulum scales Altay Track with Optical Bench scale Free Fall mount schema Optical bench mount schema Dynamics mount schema The Altay Multiuse System allows you perform dynamics as well as optics experiments If you already have the bench you can obtain our Upgrade Systems to convert from optics to dynamics and vice versa 43 AUTAY SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System e Mechanics Mechanics Upgrade 1 Equipment needed 4941 14 Altay Track Set code 4954 12 i Timing Set code 4922 10 The Mechanics Upgrade 1 will give you a complete Dynamics System logger o Data Logger code 2400 10 or Labquest code 2300 30 with Two Motion ai osta Sensors code 2310 10 F a v t a w The Mechanics Upgrade 1 will give you a com
162. h metal suspension 2x e Friction block e Tubular Spring Balance Metal 3N e Tubular Spring Balance Metal 6N e Tubular Spring Balance Metal 10N e Lever Holed Rod with pair of threaded cylinders e Double Side Scale silk screen printed e Inclined plane with 3 different track terminals e Multifunction Support Rod rounded ends with holes length 35 cm e Support Rod rounded ends length 35 cm 2x 5408 e Support Rod rounded ends length 50 cm 3x 5408 e Spring leaf length 30 cm width 1 cm e Spring leaf length 30 cm width 2 cm e Extension Clamp with Rod diameter 1 cm e Cart for Inclined Plane Differential pulley 30 60 and 90 mm diameters Differential pulley with two handles 40 80 and 120 mm diameters e Goniometric Circle Tape Measure 2 m e Vernier caliper scale 0 160 mm accuracy 0 05 mm e Cylindrical mass 10 g 5x e Cylindrical mass 25 g 8x e Cylindrical mass 50 g 4x e Mass 100 g e Mass 50 g 2x e Mass 20 g 2x e Mass 10g e Mass 5g e Mass 2 g 2x e Mass 1g e Flat mass 500 mg 6 5405 71 4112 10 4112 05 4113 27 4114 71 4110 03 4110 05 4110 07 4114 13 2208 20 5491 11 5408 91 81 L350 81 L500 4110 91 4110 92 5416 20 4114 82 4112 40 4112 42 2216 10 2211 10 2213 10 4111 08 4111 10 4111 12 2221 32 2221 30 2221 28 2221 26 2221 24 2221 22 2221 20 2221 18 SAMAY Specifications Size 83 x 28 x 12 cm Weight approx 6 kg Packing external suitcase in hard A
163. hanks to this simple law involving only three variables it is easy to calculate f The Altay Optics Bench makes it easy to set up an experiment to determine a value for f Further examples of experiments A quick look at further experiments of the Optics Upgrade 1 Focal length experiment detail Detail of the equilateral prism mounted on the optical bench Convergent mirror 50 ALTAY SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System Optics Upgrade 2 Equipment needed 4944 20 Altay Track Set code 4954 12 Transformer 12 V code 2403 14 The advanced upgrade on geometric optics The Optics Upgrade 2 completes the equipment for geometric optics studies The kit demonstrates refraction and reflection of light using an Hartl disk and introduces composition of the colours of light The optical bench is based on Altay Track P Optics Upgrade 2 components j on the optical bench p _ ee E t nE Se ee i b EE fe Components e Hartl Disk on stem 4419 01 Biconvex Lens for Hartl Disk f 85 mm 4419 06 e Biconvex Lens for Hartl Disk f 135 mm 4419 07 e Biconcave Lens for Hartl Disk f 135 mm 4419 08 N Laws and principles investigated Trapezoidal Prism for Hartl Disk 4419 09 Triangular Prism for Hartl Disk 90 45 45 4419 10 Principles of biconcave biconvex lenses and mirrors Mixing of colours Deformable Mirror for Hani Disk 4419
164. he shielding due to different materials for example lead interposed between the radioactive source and the detector In this way it is possible to verify the behaviour of various radioactive source in presence of different metal screening and understand for examples the principles behind the construction of bunkers J on Effect of lead screen 113 SAPPAY SINGLE ITEMS Fundamental Constants Millikan Apparatus Specifications 4836 60 Dimensions 26 x 20 x 9 cm Mains supply 110 V 230 V 50 60 Hz Measure electron charge following the experimental steps of the great scientist Robert Millikan The quantization of electric charge is still as mysterious as it was over 90 Q years ago when it was discovered by Robert Millikan in his groundbreaking oil drop experiment With this apparatus all the obstacles to the focus of the experiment are removed The charge of an electron will be measured by observing the rising and falling of latex microspheres in an electric field N Laws and principles investigated Electric charge Air buoyancy Air viscosity e Reynolds number Millikan Apparatus is self contained and simple to use Experiment sseeeee eee e reece cece Oil drop experiment Measure the electric charge of the electron The purpose of Robert Millikan and Harvey Fletcher s oil drop experiment 1909 was to measure the electric charge of the electron They did this
165. he Earth s magnetic field It can also be used to study the field around permanent magnets coils and electrical devices Our newly designed sensor has a rotating sensor tip which allows you to measure both transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields Microphone Great for sound experiments The Microphone sensor can be used to display and study the waveforms of sounds from a human voice and musical instruments It is also ideal for speed of sound experiments j Vernier MICROPHONE 125 Sensors Electrode Amplifier AUTAY SCIENTIFIC DATALOGGER amp SENSORS Instrumentation Amplifier 2313 70 Sensor which is used to amplify BNC connector The Electrode Amplifier is an mV pH ORP amplifier that accepts an electrode with a standard BNC connector It amplifies a 450 mV 1 100 mV signal to the 0 5 V range of the LabPro Thermocouple Sensor for temperature measurements jill Thermocouple FEMV OOM Fine Pransrra EO TTT PELETE TI e a Stainless Steel Temperature Probe Rugged sensor for temperature measurements l This rugged and durable temperature probe has a sealed stainless steel shaft and tip that can be used in organic liquids salt solutions acids and bases Vornior Temperature Probo Specifications Range 40 130 C 12 bit Resolution LabPro Go Link 0 17 C 40 0 C 0 03 C 0 40 C 0 1 C 40 100 C 0 25
166. he puzzle concerns heat considerations We know that the black surface is warmer than the shiny one and that gas molecules will recoil faster from a hot surface The slight difference in molecule recoil is what causes the device to spin The other proposal involving photon absorption by the black vane and reflection by the metal side is physically correct but negligible with respect to the main effect described above With a light sensor it is also possible to measure the frequency of rotation and calculate the angular speed of the radiometer Specifications Size 20x 12x 14 cm Frequency range 1 300 Hz External input for trigger A Stroboscope is a pulsed lamp which is used to observe rapidly moving phenomena such a vibrating string or waves in a Ripple Tank If the frequency of flashes from the Stroboscope matches the frequency of the object being observed it causes the eye to see the image as having been frozen at that matched frequency Hence useful measurements can be made and observations made easy KS Laws and principles investigated e Frequency determination in various contexts Experiment s Slow down motion Decomposition of colours Make the Newton s Disk rotate and note that the colours merge and fuse to white Now direct the strobo light towards the Newton s Disk and observe that at a certain frequency of flashing the Newton s Disk appears still and the colours do not change
167. hed to the wave generator and turn on the apparatus You can start observing the standing waves in particular the distance between two nodes corresponds to half the wavelength Measuring a standing wave Three Wire Sonometer Enquiring the laws of the vibrating string SAPPAY Acoustics Size 25 x 18 x 7 cm Weight approx 1 6 kg Stroboscope code 2238 10 The Melde s Apparatus is a simple way to introduce students to the concept of standing waves The apparatus consists of a string and an oscillator to generate different frequencies Melde s experiment is ideal to study the behaviour of standing waves You can even visually determine wavelength period and A v Components e Wave generator base 4315 35 001 e Metal rod with hook 4315 35 002 e U shaped magnet 4611 71 e Clamp 4315 35 003 e Weight holder 4315 35 004 e String 4315 35 005 e Mass 50g 4x 2221 30 Standing waves schema Using a simple tape meter it is possible to measure the wavelength and the amplitude With some basic calculations you will verify the relation between the frequency of the vibrating string its wavelength the tension applied and the density of the string Specifications Size 67 x 10 x 10 cm Weight approx 1 5 kg Appealing and elegant the Sonometer is a classical device developed in order to study vibrating strings With this apparatus it is possible to investigate the dependence of the pitch on the l
168. height shows the same 13 cm pressure column height 13 SAPPAY SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Mechanics of Fluids Pascal s Apparatus 4180 12 Verify the Pascal s Law ina simple way Pascal s Apparatus N Laws and principles investigated e Pascal s Law Spouting Jar Easily demonstrate the various pressures of liquids Altay s Spouting Jar 74 Specifications Size approx 150 x 200 x 250 mm Our Pascal s Apparatus has been designed to easily demonstrate that the pressure in a vessel is the same in every direction The apparatus is mounted in a strong shock resistant plastic base Experiment esses eee reer reece eee eee ee eee eee ee Pascal s Law Pascal s law or Pascal s principle states that for all points at the same absolute height in a connected body of an incompressible fluid at rest the fluid pressure is the same even if additional pressure is applied on the fluid at some place The difference of pressure due to a difference in elevation within a fluid column is given by where using SI units AP pg Ah AP is the hydrostatic pressure in pascals or the difference in pressure at two points within a fluid column due to the weight of the fluid p isthe fluid density in kilograms per cubic meter g is sea level acceleration due to Earth s gravity in meters per second squared Ah is the height of fluid above in meters or the difference in elevation bet
169. herometer Spouting Jar Spring Helix Spring Set Stand Universal Retort Stopwatch Stroboscope Surface Temperature Sensor Tape Measure Temperature Probe Stainless Steel Teslameter Digital Thermal Conductivity Apparatus Thermal Expansion Bar Thermocouple Thermometer Maximum and Minimum Thermometers Alchool Thermometers Mercury TI USB Graph Link Connectivity Kit Timing Set TI 84 Plus Calculator Torsion Balance Track Set Transformer Demonstration Transformer Multitap Transformer 12 V 144 4832 00 113 2314 40 127 4694 11 61 108 4331 27 84 4311 80 79 5408 81 L350 L1000 140 2310 20 123 4640 60 104 4230 98 63 4316 05 81 4455 02 95 4455 30 96 4470 10 17 96 4470 50 96 4184 90 77 2215 01 132 4180 42 74 4315 02 80 4315 16 80 5404 52 60 139 2231 25 135 2238 10 91 2314 30 126 2211 10 15 132 2314 20 126 2280 50 136 4210 73 87 4200 18 85 2314 10 126 2241 32 136 2245 10 25 137 2240 10 50 137 2300 42 120 4922 10 54 2300 40 120 4170 00 72 4954 12 43 4729 00 110 2403 50 138 2403 14 24 137 Ultra Pulley Attachment UVA Sensor UVB Sensor 2312 12 2315 20 2315 21 124 127 127 V P and Phase Shift Meter Vacuum Bell with Plate Vacuum Pump Manual Vacuum Pump with Accessories Van de Graaff Generator Variable Inductance Voltage Probe 2276 10 4315 60 4184 12 4184 21 4623 20 4731 00 2313 30 129 76 140 140 97 106 125 Waltenhofen s Pendulum
170. hows that vertical and horizontal motion are independent The motion of the ball is a parabolic trajectory no matter how hard you push the cart The ball has the same constant velocity of the cart on the x axis and is subjected to gravity acceleration in the vertical direction At the end of the horizontal motion x the projectile falls again into the launcher because the vertical motion y remains the same Ball motion j Ball Launcher experiment schema 54 SINGLE ITEMS y 4 se av ff 4 SA SCV EWI FIC Multiuse System e Accessories Altay Cart without Plunger 8984 12 Elastic and inelastic collisions with our new cart Altay Cart without Plunger Velcro Magnets for elastic collisions One side of the cart is fitted with Velcro strips which are ideal for inelastic collisions and on the other side a pair of powerful neodymium magnets which are ideal for elastic collisions The cart is also designed to easily accommodate extra masses as well as mounting for data logging sensors Altay Cart with Plunger career 494113 Explosions and collisions with our new cart Altay Cart with Plunger Magnets and Velcro for elastic and Plunger inelastic collisions The cart includes a spring loaded plunger mechanism that can be released to provide an immediate impulse to set another cart in motion and to provide an initial impulse velocity The plunger has two settings
171. hypothesis By utilizing the Biot Savart Law we can also demonstrate the magnetic field in the centre of a given coil Further experiments Some examples performed with this system Straight wire conductor prepared with iron filings Solenoid shape conductor prepared with iron filings 31 ALT se aT se av py PHYSICS SYSTEMS Electricity amp Electronics Electricity System 1 Specifications AY SCIENTIFIC 4866 10 Size 50 x 42 x 12 cm Weight approx 4 5 kg This comprehensive system provides a strong foundation for studies With internal foam in electricity and electronics Equipment needed Electricity System 1 Equipment suggested in a durable Oscilloscope code 2280 70 carry case housed inside it accurate results experiments Packing durable carry case in ABS Magnetic Field Sensor code 2313 50 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 Regulated DC Power Supply Unit code 2409 20 Electricity System 1 is designed as a perfect introduction to the basic fundamentals of electricity and provides a good platform for more advanced study The system is designed to be assembled quickly and with ease Each connection block contains a description of the component Connectors are made of special metal alloys that allow excellent conduction of current to give Electricity System 1 can be mounted on the Altay Magnetic Board code 411
172. id in a limited range of elongation of the spring The same law allows for the estimation of the spring constant Theoretic plot showing the Hooke s Law i k mi oe Ly die dk OO es ot oe o oo ee oe ee ee ok oe a ee eo eo a s Tos igs K W x ten da eee T kn i eE m F F Elastic constant 4 formula i Our Hooke s Law Apparatus contains a tightly wound spring designed for easy determination 5 oe of the formula Graph the force needed to slightly z PiN i A d stretch the spring and from the slope of the graph n 4 force vs elongation we can determine the al spring s constant The elongation is proportional to the strain Different Bodies with Equal Mass Specifications 4230 97 Diameter 16 mm Mass 100 g A set of Set of five cylinders of equal diameter and mass but cylinders to different height in iron brass lead copper and zinc for perform various experiments on calorimetry and for density measurements experiments NS Laws and principles investigated Different Bodies with Equal Mass e Density Specific heat 62 SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Statics Small Cubes with Equal Volume 4230 98 A simple way to study density Small Cubes with Equal volume Elastic and Inelastic Collision in 2D Discover energy and momentum conservation laws during collisions SAMAY Dynamics Specifications Size 20 x 20 x 2
173. ing first second and third class type e Pulley systems including fixed mobile and differential pulleies e Simple pendulum and spring pendulum e Hooke s Law with spring and with spring leaf e Inclined plane and friction Kinetic and potential energy e The concept of experimental error Springs in series and in parallel General hardware for experiments Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Analytic Balance In depth investigation of the analytical balance The balance is an instrument that allows in a gravitational field to measure the unknown masses by comparison with sample masses One sample experiment is the determination of the sensitivity of a balance which has arms of equal length The more sensitive a balance is the smaller the variation in a mass m the balance can detect and measure If the test mass m is lesser in magnitude than the sensitivity of the balance it will not be detected With reference to the diagram if load a test mass M on each pan of the balance and assuming that the distance between each of Schematic of analytical balance the pans is equidistant and represented by a we can vary weight on one of the pans which will result in a displacement through an angle defined by a g m Formula defining balance sensitivity Therefore we can see that the sensitivity of a
174. itivity region approx 290 to 320 nm UV peak sensitivity one volt per 204 mW m2 at 315 nm 12 bit Resolution LabPro Go Link 0 3 mW m2 10 bit Resolution CBL CBL 2 1 mW m2 Radiation Monitor alpha beta gamma For your radioactivity experiments The Radiation Monitor consists of a Geiger MUuller tube and rate meter mounted in a small rugged plastic case with an analogue meter The unit is battery operated and can be used without a computer for measurement of alpha beta and gamma radiation It can be used to explore radiation statistics measure the rate of nuclear decay and monitor radon progenies Low Range 0 600 lux Medium Range 0 6 000 lux High Range 0 150 000 lux We have two different sensors for measuring the intensity of ultraviolet radiation One responds primarily to UVA radiation 320 to 390 nm and another responds primarily to UVB radiation 290 320 nm UVB radiation is commonly associated with sunburns cataracts and skin cancer UVA radiation while responsible for suntans is also a cause of premature aging of the skin and some types of skin cancer The particular sensor you use will depend upon the particular experiment you want to perform For example you can perform the following experiments e Compare ultraviolet transmission of various plastics and glasses e Compare ultraviolet intensity on cloudy and sunny days e Study the absorption of ultraviolet by sunscreen lotion
175. l apparatus Inverse square law of light Light reflection and refraction Malus Law Photometry Prism e Refraction index of a glass and a liquid Rotation of light e Snell s Law Total reflection 1 List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual e Light reflection of a plane mirror and flexible mirror e Light refraction in a prism and through a converging or a diverging lens e Light refraction through different shaped materials e Refraction index of a liquid and glass e Polarisation of light Total refraction prism e Rotation of the polarisation plane in a sugar solution e Investigating mixing of colours Focal length of a lens Malus Law e Investigations in quantitative photometry Using data logging system with light sensor AUTAY SCIENTIFIC ein i li a i Experiment sees eee c cere reer eee eee ee ee eee eee reer eee e eee e eee cece ee ccces Optical activity Observe the rotation of light using a sugar solution Some substances such as sugar will react when a beam of light is incident on it They rotate the polarisation plane of the light around its direction of propagation This optical activity is a phenomenon connected with the asymmetry by reflection of the molecules of many substances The degree of rotation is determined by the rotational power of the optically active solution present and by the amount of molecules of the solution that interact with th
176. ld e What are the cardinal points e The compass point and winds direction experiments Demonstration Compass unmounted Compass rose example 101 ALTAY SINGLE ITEMS Magnetism amp Electromagnetism Circular Coil 4640 50 The easiest way to observe static magnetic fields Experiment seer errr reece cee ee eee eee ee ee eee Magnetic fields generated by currents A Circular Coil with a constant current passing through it generates a static magnetic field Connecting the Circular Coil to a power supply and allowing current to flow a low magnetic field starts to appear in the vicinity of the coil With a datalogger and a magnetic field sensor it is possible to measure even a slight magnetic force Magnetic field data acquisition U Shaped Electromagnet Magnetic and electric fields Altay s U Shaped Electromagnet lt lt MAM Pay did IS Laws and principles investigated e Magnetic effect of a flowing current e Magnetic strength and its dependence on the intensity of the electric current e Magnetic lines of force 102 Specifications Size 30 x 20 x 20 cm Weight approx 1 2 kg This equipment has been developed for students demonstrations on static magnetic fields generated by a constant flowing current The evident results can be visualised by the more classical iron filings disposition along the magnetic lines of a force or with a magnetic field
177. lease Auxiliary 12 V DC power supply unit for use with release electromagnet Input 220 V 50 60 Hz Photogate Large Display The Altay Large LED Display is very useful in classroom experiments This four digit 10 cm height display has good visibility even from the back of classroom Ready to use with bases and suspension cord To be used with the Electronic Digital Timer code 2232 50 Photogate to be used with the Electronic Digital Specifications Em Timer code 2232 50 Power Supply AC Adaptor supplied Comes with Varec magnet for an easy setup Connection cable supplied to connect Electronic Digital Timer code 2232 50 Electronic Oscillation Counter 2237 12 The Electronic Oscillation Counter can be used with the Electronic Digital Timer code 2232 50 You can control oscillations for pendulum experiments allowing you to easily measure the mean oscillation period of a pendulum Specifications Range 0 100 periods Manual stop function Automatic stop function after 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 oscillations Power Supply Digital Electronic Timer code 2232 50 135 SAPPAY GENERAL ACCESSORIES Measuring Instruments Mounted Electric Meters A complete set of ammeters and voltmeters for every necessity in measuring 2264 40 45 Analogue Multimeter 2274 10 Analogue Multimeter perfect for laboratory use Specifications Ranges DC Volts 0 0 6 V 3
178. lectricity amp Electronics Bridge Rectifier The Altay Bridge Rectifier transforms alternate current AC in direct current DC Specifications Size 13 5 x 9 x 5 5 cm Weight approx 150 g The Altay Bridge Rectifier consists of four diodes connected in a bridge circuit The most common application of this circuit is the conversion of alternating current AC input into direct current DC output The unit has a circuit diagram printed so that student may gain an appreciation of the importance of yim r Mia aeoe J NS Laws and principles investigated e AC DC Convertion Diode principle The Altay 3 Bridge Rectifier ready to be used with Bridge Rectifier Go Link and a Differential Voltage Probe Experiment e J e e e J e e e J e J e J e J e e e e J e J e J e e e J e J e e e J e e AC DC Converter How to transform an alternate current in direct current A bridge rectifier makes use of four diodes in a bridge arrangement to achieve full wave rectification This is a widely used configuration both with individual diodes wired as shown and single component bridges where the diode bridge is wired internally For both positive and negative swings of the transformer there is a forward path through the diode bridge Both conduction paths cause current to flow in the same direction through the load resistor achieving full wave rectification By simply placing a capacitor in parallel to the output o
179. lectromagnetism is one of the most abstract theory of classical physics This apparatus allows students to approach with fun the concepts of interaction between electric charges and magnetic fields The sliding bar that closes the circuit can be set on motion moving a few permanent magnets or other sources of magnetic field in the surroundings of the rail students will see the sliding bar moving and electric currents flowing if the apparatus is connected to a current probe Specifications Available from September 2008 Weight approx 8 kg Dimensions approx 25 x 11 x 22 cm 4731 00 Equipment needed Low Tension Power Supply Unit code 2407 01 Connecting leads code 2522 00 2x Equipment suggested Magnetic Field Sensor code 2313 50 Digital Multimeter code 2275 10 Learning of magnetism and especially the topic of electric generation of magnetic fields necessarily passes through the experimental study of tensioned coils whose inductance can be measured and related to theory when Altay s Variable Inductance is used Two iron cores are also supplied solid iron core when DC supplied and laminated core when AC supplied A 4 Components e Generation of magnetic fields by flowing currents Study of a variable inductance Role of iron cores Study of RL RLC circuits 106 e Variable Inductance 4731 00 001 e Solid Iron Core 4731 00 002 e Laminated Iron Core 4731 00 003 SATAY SINGLE ITEMS E
180. lens on the Hartl disk The Optics Upgrade 2 supplies various lenses of different shapes A biconvex lens placed Every lens shows a different behaviour of light rays on the Hartl disk The behaviour of rays of light passing through the various lenses can be seen readily Using the diaphragms set in front of the raybox it is possible to obtain multiple rays of light in order to easily measure the refraction effects on the Hartl disk Experiment 2 sees ccc c rere eee eee ee eee ec eee eee ee eee rene nee eee e ccc cccees Colour mixing How to use the raybox for experiments with coloured filters White light is composed by the mixture of the three primary colours red green and blue Mixing colours of light usually red green blue is done using the additive colour system B also referred to as the RGB Mode or RGB colour space s Different combinations of colours produced by red green and blue The addition of the primary colours of light can be demonstrated in class using the Altay raybox The raybox illuminates a screen shown above with the primary colours red R green G and blue B The result of adding two primary colours of light is easily seen by viewing the overlap on a screen Raybox with mirrors for colour composition 52 ALTAY SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System Optics Upgrade 3 Equipment needed 4944 30 Optics Upgrade 1 code 4944 11 Track Set
181. ll happen to the balls after impact What would happen if we changed the angle of impact Use carbon and tracing papers to estimate the final velocity of the balls Inelastic Collision Using the drilled wooden ball to perform perfectly inelastic collisions As you know perfectly inelastic collisions do not conserve energy but only the total momentum of the system The drilled wooden ball placed at the end of the ramp with the hollow facing the track will catch the rolling ball at the end of the fall After the collision they move on together as a one system Use carbon and tracing papers to empirically verify the conservation laws 63 SAMAY SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics Specifications Linear Air Track System Linear Air Track length 200 cm A frictionless system to explore kinematics The most fundamental laws of physics states that a moving object will continue forever at a constant velocity unless it is acted on by an external force With our near frictionless linear motion track this incredible observation is made easy to understand An air track glider provides for highly accurate investigations into the laws of motion Students can investigate inelastic collisions impulse and change in momentum conservation of momentum The Linear Air Track conservation of energy and more in our 2 m long track System Because the frictional forces are negligible the data derived will always b
182. lley demountable 4138 50 004 e Aluminium Disk diam 360 mm 2x 4138 50 005 e Aluminium Disk diam 200 mm 4138 50 006 Pair of Hollow Cylinder 40 g each 4138 50 007 e Pair of Hollow Cylinder 20 g each 4138 50 008 e Plastic Disk 4138 50 010 e Cylindrical Masses 50 g with Pin 8x 4138 50 012 e Massholder overall mass 100 g 4111 42 e Low friction pulley 4112 06 e Polyester string 4113 20 Air Blower 4132 50 e Voltage Regulator for Air Blower 4132 52 e Swivel bosshead 5401 43 e Clamp 2x 5402 05 e Support Rod 5408 81 L500 Air blower set Laws and principles investigated e Disk s moment of inertia experimental approach and theoretical approach e Eddy currents and magnetic friction e Friction s moment e Hollow cylinder s moment of inertia experimental approach theoretical approach e Moment of inertia experimental approach and theoretical approach e Parallel axis theorem I mr Moment of Inertia of a point mass The point mass relationship is the basis for all other moments of inertia since any object can be built from a collection of point masses Data acquired to estimate the moment of inertia of a hollow cylinder 70 SATAY SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics Centrifugal Force Apparatus 4142 70 An experimental insight into centrifugal forces and the flattening of the Earth s poles Experiment s eeee Earth s poles flattening demonstrator By using th
183. ludes a high capacity lithium ion rechargeable battery and charger AAA alkaline battery holder allows you to use AAA batteries instead of the rechargeable battery bumpers for collisions hooks for mounting the unit in different positions mounting hardware for Vernier and other dynamics carts and user manual Specifications Internal data storage capacity 50 000 points Maximum sampling rate 1 000 samples sec e Force Sensor Range 50 N Resolution 0 006 N lt 10 N 0 03 N gt 10 N e Accelerometer Range for each axis 50 m s2 5 g Resolution 0 04 m s2 Altimeter Altitude Change Range 200 m Resolution 1 m 118 e Force Sensor custom load cell provides accurate repeatable results Altimeter record changes in altitude for roller coaster physics e 3 Axis Accelerometer three orthogonally mounted sensors let you measure acceleration in all directions e Wireless Communication Bluetoothe wireless technology transmits data to a supported device Start Stop Button one button operation allows you to start and stop data collection when away from the computer e Multiple Mounting Options mount the device in almost any orientation using standard hardware e On Board Memory retains data even after the unit is turned off e Additional Hook allows the device to be mounted in line for tension and pendulum experiments DATALOGGER amp SENSORS Interfaces LabQuest Po 2300 30 The freedom to inquire The t
184. n or conductivity High Range 0 20000 uS cm 0 10000 mg L TDS at three different sensitivity settings 12 bit Resolution LabPro Go Link 10 uS cm 10 bit Resolution CBL CBL 2 40 uS cm Go Motion Easy to use and can connect direct to a USB port ir WMotian Go Motion is the next generation motion detector from Vernier Go Motion connects directly to a computer s USB port eliminating the need for a data collection interface Go Motion comes bundled with free LoggerLite software which supports data collection on Windows or Macintosh computers Teach important concepts in physics and physical science such as position velocity and acceleration e Engage your students with hands on activities e Study the motion of a ball tossed in the air or a cart on a ramp e Study the motion of a student walking a toy car and much more without an additional interface Specifications Sensitivity switch lets you customise settings to your experiment Objects can be as close as 15 cm and as far away as 6 m Go Temp 8520 20 USB temperature sensor Go Temp plugs directly into the USB port of your Windows or Macintosh computer s USB port without the need for an additional interface This rugged stainless steel temperature probe will engage your students in hands on science as they explore temperature investigations Collect temperature data on your computer with our award winning USB temperature sensor Go l Link A
185. n period of the pendulum with the Fast Fourier Transform a feature of the software The histogram represents all the frequency range the highest bar refers to the main oscillation frequency of the system Frequency analysis of the spring pendulum motion Further examples of classical experiments Two more examples on the experimental possibilities offered by this system Mobile and fixed pulley 8 PHYSICS SYSTEMS Mechanics Mechanics System 2 4861 20 An advanced low friction dynamics system to study elastic and inelastic collisions between carts quart a a Mechanics System 2 fe Components e Aluminium Track 4114 81 e Electronic Timer 2232 50 e Power Supply 12V 2402 54 e Cart 2x 4114 83 Reflection Photogate 2x 2232 54 e Release Electromagnet 4114 88 e Brake Bumper for Cart 4114 87 e Fixed Support for Track 4114 84 e Adjustable Support for Track 4114 85 e Pulley with metal rod 4112 05 e Aluminium Flag for Cart 2x 4114 80 004 e Bubble Level 4180 70 e Neodymium lron Boron Button Magnet 4611 86 e Polyester inelastic cord length 10 m 4113 20 e Knob Inox Blue M4x10 2x DGAKNB M4X10 e Knob Inox Blue M5x14 2x DGAKNB M5X14 e Knob Inox Blue M5x20 3x DGAKNB M5X20 e Knob Inox Blue M5x35 2x DGAKNB M5X35 e Massholder for Cart 2x 4114 80 003 e Slotted Masses Set 4111 74 Plumb Line on Scale 4114 86 Spring Bumper 2x 4114 80 006 e Spring Bumper for Electromagnet 4114 8
186. n the disk is rotated the colours blur together and the eye unable to respond rapidly enough sees the colours mixed together to form white Since the eye is more sensitive to colours in the middle of the visible spectrum the wedges with yellow and green often become narrower while those for red and violet become wider When the disk is rotated the colours fuse together resulting in the effect of white light Newton s Disk Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Colour mixing By rotating the disk all colours mix together becoming white Using the handle on the back of the apparatus the disk is soon set in motion Observe how the eye from a certain speed can no longer follow the rotation of a particular coloured section but rather it sees a fusion of the various colours on the disk As the rotation frequency increases the edges pa Laws and principles investigated of the sections begin to blur and the colours i start to mix a Newton s Disk turns white at a higher a rotation e Colour mixing Human perception of colours Rotating disk at low speed Spectrometer Specifications Studying the spectral lines of a light source Equipment needed Spectrum Tubes Holder code 4470 50 Regulated 5 kV Power Supply Unit code 2407 01 Prism code 4450 14 Diffraction Grating 600 Lines Gas tubes Helium code 4470 10 Neon code 4470 11 Argon code
187. nance Resonance points for a certain frequency and their relation with the standing wavelength e Measurement of the speed of sound in air Measurement of the wavelength of the incoming wave Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Resonance phenomena How to visually determine the wavelength of a standing wave p e p n E This apparatus allows us to introduce the concepts and the main features of resonance By raising or lowering the water filled bulb the length of the air column in the tube can be adjusted to correspond to the wavelength of the sound source placed near the mouth of the tube e Iiii Esa ene eee a a a a lt ESP SHTtERE EER rSe i The resonance tube matching the wavelength of the incoming sound wave Air in a tube can be regarded as an oscillating system with its own vibration frequencies When an exciting frequency is equal to one of the apparatus stationary waves can be observed in the oscillating air cylinder An audible sound is detected because the vibrating air volume is now larger than the volume excited by the tuning fork For a sound of given frequency the tube length has to be a multiple of a quarter of the wavelength of the incoming wave which is the shortest measure a standing wave can form Th Sans The Resonance Apparatus ready to use 84 SINGLE ITEMS Thermodynamics
188. nd how they can rectify alternating current to direct current As with all our products it is easy to set up a configuration to acquire data directly on the computer Also available Capacitance 1 2 2 4 7 10 22 47 100 220 470 1000 uF code 4690 02 Capacitance 100 pF 470 pF 1 nF 4 7 nF 10 nF 47 nF 100 nF 1 uF 4 7 uF 10 uF code 4690 04 A Laws and principles investigated e Capacitor laws Capacitances in parallel Capacitances connected in parallel offer an equivalent resistance equal to the sum of the two In this case is also easy to setup the experiment C C Ceg in parallel mounting 107 SINGLE ITEMS AUTAY SCIENTIFIC Electricity amp Electronics An easy to use multiple value resistances with 4 mm jacks eee aae F a i ay ihe Eiio ae Resistance Boxes NS Laws and principles investigated e Resistance laws Specifications Decade Resistance Box 4693 00 50 Size 13 5 x 9 x 5 5 cm Weight approx 150 g 11 position switch 4 mm sockets Max voltage 50 V Power permitted 1 W Decade Resistance Box 0 1 Q 1 accuracy 2 code 4693 00 Decade Resistance Box 1 Q 10 Q accuracy 2 code 4693 10 Decade Resistance Box 10 Q 100 Q accuracy 2 code 4693 20 Decade Resistance Box 100 Q 1 kQ accuracy 2 code 4693 30 Decade Resistance Box 1 KQ 10 kQ accuracy 2 code 4693 40 Decade Resist
189. ne of the metals will expand faster than the other KS Laws and principles investigated e Thermal expansion e Demonstraton model of thermostat Experiment es Thermal expansion Demonstration of a Bimetal Strip in action Many of today s thermostats are based on the differential expansion of two different metals brass and iron for example which was discovered in the 18th century Bimetal strip detail Differential expansion causes the metals to change shape when heated This metal bending can then be used to turn off a switch With our Bimetal Strip it is possible to demonstrate this behaviour by just connecting a multimeter to the electric contacts Before it is heated you will see that the Bimetal Strip will make a closed circuit When it starts to heat up the circuit will open as the Bimetal Strip will visibly bend way Once cooled it will revert back to its original position closing the circuit once more Bimetal strip in use Specifications Thermal Conductivity Apparatus Simple apparatus to show thermal expansions in introductory physics courses Altay Thermal Conductivity Apparatus Total length approx 35 cm With wooden handle Equipment needed Bunsen Burner code 5511 00 Demonstrates the different thermal conductivity of four different metal rods brass copper aluminium iron pa Laws and principles investigated e Conductivity of different materials 87
190. nical BP Equivalent of Heat Apparatus in use Pd Components Base 4235 10 001 P Laws and principles investigated e Weight 5 Kg 4235 10 003 e Conversion factor between joules and calories e Thermometer 10 110 C 2240 15 Experiment sees reer reer cere eee ee eee eee eee ee Converting joules into calories Experimental determination of the conversion factor between joules and calories The apparatus is quick and easy to set up and will give an excellent approximation of the work done by a falling mass and the produced energy We can compare the difference in temperature and the mass of water with the number of turns of the calorimeter and the mass of the hanging weight The ratio term between the work performed and the thermal energy produced and transmitted to the cylinder determines the mechanical equivalent of heat rotation counter and a falling mass it is possible using a thermometer to calculate the mechanical effect of friction and the increase in temperature of the calorimeter 90 SAPPAY SINGLE ITEMS Optics Stroboscope Light from a timing source Altay s Stroboscope Stroboscope with frequency selector Crooke s Radiometer Investigating the energy and impulse of an electromagnetic wave E tj p fi Altay s Crooke s Radiometer Experiment sec c cere rere eee eee ee eee ee eee eens Black body Heating up the vanes The correct solution of t
191. nt needed 4 mm safety connecting leads 2x Coil 1600 Turns wire length 300 m wire diam 0 25 mm turns 1600 Equipment suggested Current probe code 2313 20 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 Chrome Steel Bar Magnets code 4611 50 Low Tension Power Supply Unit code 2407 01 Altay Induction Coils are a simple and versatile piece of equipment for the study of electromagnetism magnetic induction and generation of static and dynamic magnetic fields Suggested for all physics introductory laboratory courses Altay Induction Coils f 4 Components e Coil 180 Turns 4640 75 001 e Coil 1600 Turns 4640 75 002 Laws and principles investigated e Magnetic induction Inductance Specifications Available from July 2008 Dimensions approx 30 x 15 x 10 cm It is constituted of a plate of a diamagnetic material free to oscillate between the polar expansions of an electromagnet Oscillations are slightly damped when the electromagnet is off and dramatically damped when the electromagnet is turned on Damping is due to currents induced in the plate Foucault currents or Eddy currents and to their verse that opposes to the variation of magnetic flux through the plate Substituting the solid disc with a brush disc we see that the damping decreases because the eddy currents are no more enabled to flow 103 HALTAY MT av MT T SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Electri
192. ntal law of electricity and it helps us understand the relational between current voltage and resistance Ohm s Law explains that the amount of electrical current flowing through a metal conductor of a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage across it for any given temperature Ohm derived this relationship in a simple mathematical form as follows current I voltage V and resistance R V L Ohm s Law ELECTRIC CIRCUIT ASSEMBLY SCHEME The setup used to explain Ohm s Law This law can be verified by means of the circuit above The student can calculate the value of the resistance by applying a voltage value and measuring the corresponding current value and their results can be graphed The student can also vary the value of the resistance and verify investigate the consistency of Ohm s Law Circuit schematics Experiment secre eee rere eee cece eee eee ee een ns The Kirchhoff s Laws Two practical principles for describing electrical circuits The two Kirchhoff s Laws are very useful tools for solving simple and complex electrical circuits The First Kirchhoff s Law or Kirchhoff s Current Law states that in every node of a circuit in which two or more branches are connected the algebraic sum of all currents entering and exiting the junction must be equal to zero The Second Kirchhoff s Law or Kirchhoff s Voltage Law establishes that in every loop of a circui
193. ntensity transmitted is ly cos20 where I is the intensity of light incident on polariser This is called Malus Law Light Intensity An example 2 of experimental data 1 5 collected using a digital 1 multimeter E r 0 5 100 200 250 300 350 Angle between polaroids Experimental data collected using a light sensor and a datalogger 123456 Experiment ss esse cere reer rece ee eee ee eee eee eee eee e eee ee eee ee c eer ereeees Further examples of experiments A quick look at further experiments of the Optics System 2 A biconvex lens placed on the Hartl disk Using a flexible mirror 23 PHYSICS SYSTEMS Optics Optics System 3 An advanced optics system with diode laser Grating on plastic holder Multiple diffraction grating mounted on holder NS Laws and principles investigated e Diffraction Diffraction grating Interference Multiple slit diffraction e Optical activity Single slit diffraction FS List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual Introduction to Ray Optics The Law of Refraction e The Diffraction Grating Single slit Diffraction General Diffraction e Using Diffraction gratings e The effects of Double slit on diffraction Two slit Interference e Investigating Optical activity Overview of interference and diffraction e Single slit diffraction Polarization Introduction to Optical Instrume
194. nts 24 SAMAY Specifications Size 30 x 23 x 7 cm Weight approx 1 kg Packing comes with a durable ABS plastic carry case with foam inserts Optics System 3 in its own box Equipment needed Vernier Caliper code 2213 10 Tape Measure code 2211 10 The Optics System 3 includes everything needed for a complete course in advanced optics Our system will take students through reflection lens theory diffraction interference diffraction grating and multiple slit diffraction You can also study many aspects of modern optical technology The equipment is easy to use and durable and the experiments are substantive yet conceptually easy to conduct Areas of study including geometric principles of optics polarisation of laser beams investigating basic and study advanced diffraction principles The results will be accurate and repeatable every time fe Components e Laser on stem 630 670 nm 4478 01 e Rechargeable accumulators 2x 2402 30 e Plug in power supply 2402 52 e Cylindrical lens 4478 03 e Polaroid filter 4478 05 e Holder for slides and diaphragms 4414 03 e Plastic base 2x 4417 17 e Slide with 1 slit width 0 06 mm separation 0 20 mm 4485 29 e Slide with 2 slit width 0 06 mm separation 0 20 mm 4485 30 e Slide with 3 slit width 0 06 mm separation 0 20 mm 4485 31 e Slide with 4 slit width 0 06 mm separation 0 20 mm 4485 32 e Slide with 5 slit width 0 06 mm separation 0 20 mm 4
195. nverse square law for light e Slider for Holders 4x 4417 01 e Lens power Luminous intensity e Slider for Projectors 4417 17 e Magnifier and magnifying power e Photometry The prism e System of lenses e The compound microscope The telescope e Thin lens equation Mirror holders Lenses and mirrors a PO A rl ate _ Detail of the holder Projector and optical bench accessories 49 SAMAY SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System Experiment see e ccc r rere ee ee ee ew ee ee ee ee eee eee renee ee eee eee cece cces Focal length of a lens An experiment illustrating how to determine the focal length of a converging lens The mirror equation expresses the relationship between the object distance u the image distance v and the focal length f The equation is stated as follows and is known as the Gauss approximation 1 1 1 u v f Thin lens equation where u is the object distance v is the image distance and f is the focal length 0 Optical bench setup for converging lens experiment object E bh optical axis The example below shows an experimental setup to determine focal amp Se image length of a lens 3 Once the image is clearly focussed on the screen the measurement you 0 can easily measure the distance of the object from the lens and the distance of the screen to the lens using of the graduations on the bench Ui e V o Light propagation through a converging lens T
196. obe that comes with your interface in that neither clip is connected to the ground Use multiple sensors to explore series and parallel circuits Specifications Range 6 0 6 0 V Input Impedance 10 MOhm A practical sensor for current measurements Use the Current Probe to measure currents in low voltage AC and DC circuits With a range of 0 6 A this probe is ideal for use in most battery and bulb circuits Use it with a voltage probe to explore Ohm s Law phase relationships in reactive components and much more Use multiple sensors to explore series and parallel circuits Can also be used in electrochemistry experiments Specifications Range 0 6 0 6 A Magnetic Field Sensor A simple sensor for tension measurements p k This Voltage Probe is included with each Vernier LabPro and TI CBL 2 It can be used to measure the potential in direct current or alternating current circuits In chemistry physical science or middle school science classes the Voltage Probe can be used to measure voltages developed in a variety of electrochemical voltaic cells Specifications Range 10 10 V 12 bit Resolution LabPro 0 005 V 5 mV 10 bit Resolution CBL CBL 2 0 020 V 20 mV Ideal sensor for magnetic field measurements Specifications Low Sensitivity 6 4 6 4 mT High Sensitivity 0 32 0 32 mT This sensor which uses a Hall Effect transducer is sensitive enough to measure t
197. ocess innovative and student friendly Physics systems that allow in depth exploration of mechanics optics thermodynamics electromagnetism In other words crafted just for you Best regards es mh Fabrizio Cardarelli Head Wi of Altay s Physics i R amp D Dept CONTENTS A Glance at Altay New Products e0eee Physics Systems snnsssennnssennnsseressseees D eae SA E a E E EE EEE E E Datalogger amp Sensors cece cece eee eens NEW PRODUCTS SAPPAY A GLANCE AT ALTAY NEW PRODUCTS Magnetic Board 4114 30 Mechanics Accessories Set 4114 35 Optics Accessories Set 4114 37 4114 11 ie Force Table Our high quality New Force Table is the ideal teaching aid for an in depth study of vectors Thanks to its easy set up and innovative structure the Altay New Force Table guarantees accurate results and is compatible with a Dual Range Force sensor Full details on page 56 Inclined Plane 4115 10 This most famous simple machine revisited by Altay includes some engaging features such as easy set up clearly visible scales and sensor attachments Sturdy and reliable the Altay New Inclined Plane can be used for demonstration purposes or by students providing extensive hands on experimentation in the study of simple machines Full details on page 61 Sturdy and versatile Altay s easy to set up Magneti
198. oftware The award winning LoggerPro software is used by many LoggerPro 3 8800 50 Real time graphing and powerful analytical tools Logger Pro English Verion 3 3 for Macintosh Veram 3 3 for Windows Deutsch Verson 3 2 1 for Windmas Espa ol Versann 3 2 1 for Windows Fran ais verion 3 2 1 for Macintosh Vergon 3 21 for Wanioas Italiano Vermon 3 2 1 for Windies QuickTime Vernier Measure Analyze Learn LoggerPro can also be used as a basis for student s lab books being able to create multiple pages to their lab reports They can incorporate data from other students enter text for their report and show step by step analysis It is also free for their home computers cm tr Late velocity Mi a 100 an Oa of 10 Tej 7 Epriwiea fer Liteat Velocity 2 min 0 3000 of 3 350 maa 0 2357 2000 af DIAE medas 0 220 shd der 0 029 peerless 19 mii 03600 aen ul os Hi dew MDN m A P Ten ghai or Latest Velorey 1 mix 40 OG ae D mar DT ae FO zaan DIUI cedan ME TETT fd ge ODS iimg t Cie fei schools worldwide and has become the basic programme for data logging experiments It is both powerful and extremely intuitive Its ease of use has made it the standard across the world and is used in more schools than any other programme of its type LoggerPro 3 Software Features of LoggerPro e One program does it all for your computers and your students p
199. ommunities where we do business OUR VISION Altay Scientific is a leading company in the global market for science education sold through a worldwide network of authorized dealer partners Altay produces a full line of innovative and user friendly products based upon the highest technology research and development married to high quality low cost manufacturing techniques and processes The Altay brand stands for innovation value and customer orientation The global Altay organization remains committed to investing the necessary human and financial capital in the Altay Vision OUR R amp D PHYSICS DEPT Thanks to our highly qualified scientists who work in our R amp D Physics Dept Altay has become a leader in developing and crafting physics equipment specifically designed to be safe durable and easy to use Our dedicated creative team of experts strives to develop a range of new products that facilitate teaching and motivate learners by bringing science to life Dear Customer After many years teaching Physics truly believe that effective learning comes from direct experiences With this in mind Altay s R amp D Physics Dept is engaged in designing and developing a full range of products that will both motivate students and help teachers to convey theory in a stimulating and exciting way If hear I forget If I see remember If I do I understand Confucius With Altay products learning becomes an active pr
200. one hand cranked driving wheel diameter 140 mm coupled via a belt Transmission ratio 1 4 The magnetic field is generated by means of one permanent U magnet supplied with the unit Mounted on plastic base dimensions 150x200 mm with two 4 mm sockets for connection to measuring instruments and a LED Complete with 5 spare a Laws and principles investigated e Motor spinning Dynamo Current generation Interaction between currents and magnetic fields Specifications Dimensions approx 12 x 12 cm Electrical supply 4 6 V DC or AC Completely exposed demonstration model The magnetic field is generated by means of the permanent magnet supplied with the unit Mounted on a sturdy shock resistant plastic base with 4mm sockets for connection to power source Specifications Available from July 2008 Size 35 x 25 x 6 cm Weight approx 1 2 kg Packing plastic case with transparent cover Equipment needed Digital Multimeter code 2275 10 The Logic Circuit Board is a complete solution for the study of logic gates A logic gate is an arrangement of controlled switches used to calculate operations using Boolean logic in digital circuits The board features AND NAND OR EXOR and two different types of NOT gates The kit is supplied in sturdy plastic storage case with power supply and connection cables IS Laws and principles investigated e Logic gates Truth table Boolean algebra Logic Circui
201. ong and 1 6 cm wide with opaque bars spaced every 1 525 cm This strip can be attached to a dynamics cart and pulled through a photogate taking the place of a ticker tape in many mechanics experiments DATALOGGER amp SENSORS Sensors Charge Sensor Current Probe ALTAY SCIENTIFIC Voltage Probe 2813 30 Ideal for quantitative measurements The Charge Sensor is used as an electronic electroscope Unlike a traditional electroscope the Charge Sensor can make quantitative measurements Numerical measurements improve many electrostatics experiments such as charging by induction charging by friction and charging by contact The sensor can also be used to measure charge polarities An extremely high impedance voltage sensor with a 0 01F input capacitor makes these measurements possible The sensor has three operating ranges and a zeroing switch to discharge the input capacitor Specifications Ranges 0 5 V 5 nC 2 V 20 nC 10 V 97 nC Typical bias current 0 005 pA Input capacitance 0 01 uF Differential Voltage Probe 813 40 Used for voltage measurements Use the Differential Voltage Probe to measure voltages in low voltage AC and DC circuits With a range of 6 0 V this system is ideal for use in most battery and bulb circuits Use it with the Current Probe to explore Ohm s Law phase relationships in reactive components and much more This differs from the Voltage Pr
202. oss product Thus a positively charged particle will be accelerated in the same linear orientation as the E field but will curve perpendicularly to both the instantaneous velocity vector v and the B field according to the right hand rule i e if the thumb of the right hand points along v and the index finger along B then the middle finger points along F where F is the force in newtons Students discovering the Lorenz Force Laplace Apparatus 4646 10 Laplace Apparatus works without mercury The study of Lorentz s force is a crucial topic of introductory physics courses and interaction between electric currents and magnetic fields is a major issue of electromagnetism X Laws and principles investigated e Laplace s Law Lorentz s Force Altay s Laplace Apparatus works without mercury SAPPAY Dimensions approx 25 x 18 x 20 cm Weight approx 0 7 kg Low Tension Power Supply Unit code 2407 01 Connecting leads code 2522 00 2x Barlow s Wheel is an historical demonstration experiment of Lorentz force generated by currents flowing between the polar expansions of a magnet Barlow s Wheels is an impressive piece of apparatus constituted by a wheel on low friction suspensions The item is equipped with neodinium iron boron magnets that generate a strong magnetic field over the wheel that is therefore set on motion when crossed by currents Students are challenged to find an explanation to
203. ove diagram is a simple representation of Snell s Law which is represented by the following formula 7 sin 0 N Snell s Law sin 0 Where n is also known as a refraction index of a given material Umbra and penumbra e gt gt gt gt e eeeeeoe4eeeee e oeeoeee eeoeeoou45oueeeeeoeuoeoeoeeoeoe0ocofuoeoeeeoeoeoeoeoeeoeeeoeeeoe e oe 20 ALTAY PHYSICS SYSTEMS Optics Optics System 2 Specifications 4864 21 Size 83 x 28 x 12 cm Weight approx 5 5 kg i Packing durable ABS plastic carry case An intermediate system for geometrical and physical optics wiih ieamaneens Equipment needed Optics System 2 Dextrose Equipment suggested Light Sensor code 2315 10 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 The Optics System 2 is designed to study composition of light light polarization refraction index as well as many additional aspects of light reflection and refraction The system contains a Hartl apparatus which allows the student to perform many experiments related to the reflection of light on mirrors and to the refraction through transparent bodies Also included is our specially designed Altay Optics Box F Components designed to investigate polarisation in various solutions Additionally you can study photoresistance photometry and e Hartl Disk 4419 01
204. plete Dynamics System with low friction carts and full accessories It is designed to perform experiments such as energy and or momentum conservation elastic and inelastic collisions rolling friction coupled harmonic oscillators etc If you add further accessories to the Altay Carts you can perform many more experiments as well as interesting demonstrations Multiuse System used with the Mechanics Upgrade 1 and a datalogger with two motion detectors Main components Example of use of the Mechanics Upgrade 1 with the Timing Set A Components E Laws and principles investigated Altay Cart without Plunger 4941 12 Altay Cart with Plunger 4941 13 e Conservation of momentum and energy Track Terminal 2x 4941 18 e Coupled harmonic oscillators Plumb Line on Scale 4114 86 e Determination of acceleration and velocity e Polyester Inelastic Cord 4113 20 Elastic and inelastic collisions Slotted Masses with Hanger 250 g 4111 74 e Impulse momentum theorem e Bubble Level 4180 70 e Law of Inertia e Metal Mask Adapter 4941 10 001 e Kinetic and potential energy e Additional Weight for Cart Same Mass as Cart 4941 10 002 e Acceleration e Additional Weight for Cart Double Mass of Cart 4941 10 003 e Newton s 1st Law of Motion e Low Friction Pulley with Screw 4112 55 e Newton s 2nd Law of Motion e Ziggurrat Flag 2x 4941 10 005 e Newton s 3rd Law of Motion e Spring Holder for Ca
205. plug 4766 20 e Silicon controlled rectifier SCR 4 plug 4766 22 e Triac 4 plug 4766 24 e Photo transistor 2 plug 4765 08 e Photoresistance LDR 2 plug 4763 76 e Zener diode 6 2 V 2 plug 4765 48 e PTC resistor 2 plug 4763 72 e NTC resistor 2 plug 4763 74 e Potentiometer 1kQ 0 25 W 4 plug 4763 85 Components included with the system AUTAY SCIENTIFIC PHYSICS SYSTEMS Electricity amp Electronics Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e The Astable Multivibrator Building a flip flop circuit An astable multivibrator is a two stage switching circuit where the output of the first stage is Students mounting connected to the input of the second and vice versa The outputs of both stages are complementary This multivibrator generates square waves without any external triggering pulse The circuit has two stable states and switches back and forth from one state to another remaining in each state for a period depending upon the discharging of the capacitive circuit the circuit ASSEMBLY SCHEME The multivibrator is an example of a relaxation oscillator whose frequency may be controlled by Flip flop circuit external synchronizing pulses Experiment sees eee eee eee ee eee cece eee ee ee ee ee eee eee cece cece eee reer vves Transistors as current amplifiers A low power input signal allows you to control a
206. quick and affordable way to get started with data collection technology ee 2320 30 This single channel USB interface is used by Easy to connect and collect data students to perform their own engineering experiments on or off campus Students can use a Go Link instead of a textbook for their course on sensors and data acquisition Use our LabVIEW drivers or LoggerPro software for data collection and analysis Sensors can be automatically recognized and calibrations automatically loaded Dozens of experiments from our popular lab Logger Lite software included in Go books may be conducted using Go Link sensors for a quick datalogging Connect any one of the sensors to your computer and collect data such as light pH and more 128 SAPPAY DATALOGGER amp SENSORS Tabletop amp Visualization Systems Digital Large Display A new way to show experiment results The Digital Large Display is very useful in classroom experiments The first data visualization line with its four digit 4 inch height display has good visibility even from the back of the classroom The measure units visualization line is a dot matrix assembly that can visualize every measure unit e g uS cm Specifications Main features Available from November 2008 Two visualization lines top line Data 4 digits 7 segments 4 inch high Dimensions 40 x 26 cm bottom line Measure Units dot matrix segment 3 inch high Mains supply 110 V 230
207. r for projector W107A1 e Slides and diaphragm holders 2x 4414 03 e Set of 7 diaphragms 4414 12 Iris diaphragm 4418 13 Optical Bench e Adjustable slit diaphragm 4418 15 with supports and e Projector 4414 18 holders e Transformer 12 V 2 5 A 2403 14 e Lamp Holder Single 4418 19 l ame PORA aadu ji Iris diaphragm adjustable slit Equilateral Prism 4450 14 l l diaphragm e Right angle prism 90 45 45 4450 21 and mirror e Right angle prism 90 60 30 4450 32 e Prism table 4418 29 e Translucent screen 4418 31 e Two colour metal screen 4418 34 e Plane mirror on mount 4430 05 e Biconvex lens f 300 mm 4448 06 e Double sided concave convex mirror 4430 10 e Biconvex lens f 500 mm 4448 07 e Grease spot photometer 4423 00 e Biconcave lens f 50 mm 4449 01 e Pair of polaroid filters 4453 90 e Biconcave lens f 100 mm 4449 02 e Biconvex lens f 50 mm 4448 01 e Biconcave lens f 150 mm 4449 03 e Biconvex lens f 100 mm 4448 02 e Biconcave lens f 200 mm 4449 04 e Biconvex lens f 150 mm 4448 03 e Biconcave lens f 300 mm 4449 06 e Biconvex lens f 200 mm 4448 04 Biconcave lens f 500 mm 4449 07 Set of diaphragms AUTAY SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Optics L Two colour metal screen translucent screen and plane mirror Projector with transformer cables and lamp holders A Laws and principles investigated e Concave and convex mirror Convergent and divergent lens e Focal length Gauss
208. r recording the signal The blue line is the input signal while the red u E traces of the input and output line is the output rectified signal xs a ean i Experiment sss ee ccc creer reece ee ee eee eee reer reer ee eee eee e eee e eer erereees Audio amplifier How to design a basic amplifier Simple circuit design of basic audio amplifier With Electronics System 2 it is possible to design a basic audio amplifier This is a simple circuit that will boost the input audio signal then generating an output signal by means of a speaker The circuit is composed of two transistors one being the driver the other being the power transistor Students using the amplifier The input audio signal generated by a microphone is boosted by the circuit and is picked up at the output by means of a speaker The circuit provides the student with a good way to observe the practical behaviour of an amplifier ELECTR CIRCUIT ASSEMBLY SCHEME Audio amplifier circuit setup 39 7 7 f j _ m j 1 F el j re in i a SINGLE ITEMS Our belief in hands on science has been the inspiration behind the development of Altay s Single Items As the result of a unique modular design the Altay Multiuse System and the Altay Magnetic Board can be used to perform multiple experiments using common elements in other words flexibility and affordability guaran
209. re SAPPAY Experiment ss eee eee errr eer eeees The Laws of the Pendulum Study of the oscillations in a pendulum Timing accessories detail The Electronic Digital Timer is an ideal tool to study of the Laws of the Pendulum We can also use the Electronic Oscillation Counter to measure the period of the pendulum T to easily verify the following formula T 20 b 67 The Law of the Pendulum SINGLE ITEMS SATAY Mechanics e Dynamics Projectile Launcher 8835 10 Specifications Equipment needed Screen size 30 x 20 cm Photogates code 2232 52 3 Electronic Digital Timer code 2232 50 The ideal tool to study projectile motion The Altay Projectile Launcher is an ideal demonstrator sae showing that motion in different planes are independent of each other The Altay Projectile Launcher not only illustrates this non intuitive idea but it can be used to describe the exact motion of the projectile as well Having seven different launch angles in 15 increments from 0 to 90 it gives you the option of horizontal and variable angle launching positions The Altay Projectile Launcher is designed with safety in mind having our four setting spring mechanism fully enclosed Each of the four launch positions are released by means of a simple arm release mechanism which ensures minimal contact and hence repeatable launches time and time again Our unique piston design means that
210. re P of the liquid at that height The linearity of Stevino s Law follows Snapshot of the Spouting Jar at work SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Mechanics of Fluids Communicating Vessels 4180 60 An interesting experiment with connecting vessels The apparatus is an ideal experiment a platform to study the principles of connecting fluid vessels It consists of a set of four inter communicating glass tubes of different Communicating Vessels with coloured water diameters and shapes This is an ideal demonstration tool for the observation of fluid dynamics remains so even if the apparatus is inclined Students peering at the principle of communicating vessels Capillary Tubes 4182 20 Exploring capillarity of various fluids The Capillary Tubes apparatus C i Specifications Size 20x 18x20 cm Weight approx 190 g Mounted on base _ An easy to use apparatus to investigate capillarity and surface tension in fluids The apparatus consists of a set of five interconnecting glass tubes of different diameters which give students a unique experimental insight to the phenomena of capillarity and surface tension SAPPAY Specifications Size 20 x 18 x 20 cm Weight approx 150 g Mounted on base A J Components e Communicating Vessels Glasswork 4180 60 001 e Base 5405 30 X Laws and principles investigated e Communicating vessels principle Experiment e e e e
211. received with our all in one unit The probe contains a Geiger Muller tube which briefly conducts electricity when a particle or photon of radiation is detected An audible sound is released and the rate counter records the reading The Geiger Muller Counter is compatible with Altay Docking Station code 2236 65 and Digital Large Display code 2236 60 Specifications e On off switch Manual start x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 acquisition time multipliers e Automatic stop after 10 and 60 sec intervals or manual stop Alcohol Thermometer Measure temperature Those mercury free thermometers allow simply and accurate temperature measurements The use of alcohol instead of mercury guarantees safety and non toxicity even in case of accidental breakage of the thermometer Available with different ranges and accuracies Function Generator 2240 10 50 Measure temperature 10 to 110 and over This thermometer consists of mercury in a glass tube Calibrated marks on the tube allow the temperature to be read by the length of the mercury within the tube which varies directly with temperature All thermometers are supplied with a plastic case in many different ranges Specifications Range 10 C 50 C Range 10 C 110 C code 2240 10 code 2240 15 Accuracy 1 C Accuracy 1 C Range 10 C 150 C Accuracy 1 C code 2240 20 Range 10 C 250 C Accuracy 1 C code 2240 25 Range 10 C 42
212. rgy Newton s 1st Law of Motion Newton s 2nd Law of Motion e Newton s 3rd Law of Motion Rolling friction Rectilinear uniform motion Uniform accelerated rectilinear motion Projectile motion Free fall motion Law of the pendulum Drag force Determination of the earth s gravity acceleration with free fall using the pendulum Optics e Convergent and divergent lenses Concave and convex mirrors Magnifier and magnifying power e Focal length Gauss approximation Hyperopic eye Myopic eye Inverse square law of light e Lens power Luminous intensity The prism Ray tracing Refractive index e System of lenses The microscope The eye The telescope Thin lens equation t e Light reflection and refraction Colours mixing Multiuse System used as an optical bench 42 SAMAY SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System e Tracks Track Set Specifications Also available Altay Track Set length 145 cm code 4954 11 The Altay Multipurpose Track Set Designed to produce an almost frictionless track for the Altay Carts it is also an Optical Bench a Free Fall Stand for Altay Track p determination of g and a Pendulum Stand po Oe The Track Set has clearly defined scales printed ee a on an attractive black anodised base a ie am Se ee Dee EEE ti The Altay Track is designed to be easily e integrated with data log
213. roboscopic flash and the air pulse with a selectable frequency and amplitude Ripple Tank Controller detail Relationship between depth and phase velocity Focus of a circular mirror 79 SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Waves SAMAY amp Oscillations Experiment eee e ccc r reer eee ee ee ee ee ee eee eee reer eee n eee ee eee cece cees Wavelength Measure the wavelength of a plane wave With the Ripple Tank it is easy to teach students concepts such as wavelength period frequency amplitude and so on The screen is also very useful in taking direct measures of quantities With a calliper it is easy to measure the wavelength of a plane wave and verify the relation between other quantities such as period and frequency Student measuring the wavelength of a plane wave Spring Set 881516 Longitudinal and transversal waves Specifications Wave Form Helix Slinky diameter 8 cm unstretched length 13 cm may be stretched to approximately 5 m Helix Spring diameter 2 cm unstretched length 1 m These springs are ideal for demonstrating longitudinal and transverse waves A v Components Altay s Spring Set includes Wave Form Helix Slinky 4315 00 Wave Form Helix Helix Spring 4315 02 and Helix Spring Cord 4315 16 001 that can be sold separately Mw Laws and principles investigated e Logitudinal and transversal waves Experiment see e ccc creer eee eee eee ee ee eee eee eee ee
214. rods They are robust and perfect to use with the Multiuse Universal Base code 5405 70 or Squared and Swivel Bossheads code 5401 23 5401 43 fora quick set up of an experimental environment Vacuum Pump Bunsen Burner with Accessories General purpose Bunsen Burner for thermology experiments The multigas Bunsen Burner is available in nickel plated brass on a chromium plated steel base The unit also comes with a gas control stopcock and air regulator Supplied with tripod stand wire gauze and connecting tube 140 4184 21 Specially designed pump that removes gas molecules from a sealed volume in order to leave behind a partial vacuum Specifications Air bleeding speed 1 5 m3 h Pressure limit 10 30 Pa Noise lt 65 dB Size 27 x 11 x 22 cm Weight approx 7 5 kg SAPPAY Manual Vacuum Pump 4184 12 This simple and low cost pump is capable of handling all laboratory experiments not requiring a vacuum below a few millimetres of mercury Since the pump is hand operated and of sturdy construction it can be easily used by students and presents no maintenance problems Specifications Dimensions length 395 mm diam 38 mm Chamber volume approx 350 cm Weight 4 5 kg Mercury 4207 55 Used with the U Tube manometer for measuring pressure Mercury is needed in many laboratory experiments WARNING Handle with care and always secure container to avoid spills and evaporation Mer
215. rt 2x 4941 10 006 e Qualitative and quantitative rolling friction r Spring length 65 mm diam 10 mm 3x DST029 e Rectilinear uniform motion Altay Cart passing Spring length 20 mm diam 20 mm DST030 Uniform accelerated rectilinear motion under the Photogate e Support for Photogates 2x 4941 10 007 44 ALTAY SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System Experiment se esse ccc rere eee ee eee ee ee eee ee eee reer eee eee eee eee eer erereees Two coupled harmonic oscillators With two carts and three springs it is possible to produce coupled harmonic oscillators Coupled harmonic oscillators experiment setup The motion of Dynamics Carts in this system is quite complicated The motion of the system as a whole can be split up in two components the motion of the centre of mass and the relative motion of the carts called the normal modes of oscillation By using a datalogger and a motion detector you can graph the movement of one cart You can then quickly determine the normal modes of the system FFT 0 10 Analysis of the oscillation frequencies using the FFT function on LabPro g amp 005 i AE 00 M ra 10 95 0 2698 Time s 1 2 3 0 400 0 0125 Frequency Position vs time for a cart in this configuration We can see two coupled harmonic oscillators neglecting effects of friction Experiment eee c ccc creer eee ee ee ee eee eee eee eee eee
216. s e Four analogue input channels CH1 CH4 e Analogue Output 1 channel CH4 3 volts 100 mA with function generator Datalogger with motion detector used to acquire collision data with the Altay Mechanics Upgrade 7 Easily and immediate field data acquisition to the computer 116 DALTAY SCIENTIFIC DATALOGGER amp SENSORS Interfaces The datalogger can be easily connected to e Computers Windows or Macintosh computers serial or USB Using the LabPro3 software sold separately Texas Instruments Handhelds the datalogger can be directly connected to many TI graphic calculators for field data acquisition e Palm Handhelds with the Palm data collection kit Sold separately and a Palm Powered handheld you get the same portability as a calculator on the highly popular Palm OS For further analysis it is always possible to uploading data to a computer e As a Stand Alone Data Logger in remote mode you can take LabPro to an amusement park or a local stream and collect data without a computer or handheld attached Mechanics experiments with datalogger The Motion Sensor is ideal for most Kinematics Experiments Using LoggerPro software and the Altay Mechanics System 1 we can use the powerful LoggerPro software to easily determine the elastic constant of a spring This is done by using the FFT Fast Fourier Transform function in real time fe E Eqpeeent Cote kaba Peet Opiom Pom Peb DSU ee
217. s and clothing pH Sensor 2317 10 The ideal sensor for pH measuring The pH Sensor is a Ag AgCl combination electrode with a range of 0 to 14 pH units This high quality electrode has many uses in chemistry biology and middle school classes as well as water quality monitoring Included is a convenient soaking bottle with storage solution Specifications Response time 90 of full reading in 1 sec Temp range 5 to 80 C 12 bit resolution 0 005 pH units Smart Sensor as of 5 2000 127 AUTAY SCIENTIFIC DATALOGGER amp SENSORS Sensors Interfaceless Sensors Conductivity Probe 2317 20 The ideal probe for environmental testing for salinity total dissolved solids TDS or conductivity in water samples Biology students can use this probe to demonstrate Specifications diffusion of ions through membranes or to monitor Automatic Temp Compensation 5 C 35 C changes in ion levels in aquatic systems Low Range 0 200 uS cm 0 100 mg L TDS Chemistry students can use it to investigate the 42 bit Resolution LabPro Go Link 0 1 uS cm 10 bit Resolution CBL CBL 2 0 4 uS cm difference between ionic and molecular compounds Medium Range 0 2000 uS cm 0 1000 mg L TDS strong and weak acids or ionic compounds that l yield different ratios of ions The Conductivity 12 bit Resolution LabPro Go Link 1 uS cm 10 bit Resolution CBL CBL 2 4 uS cm Probe can monitor concentratio
218. s by moving For sound waves this combination is additive We say that sound follows in response to the pressure changes the principle of linear superposition The diaphragm motion is then converted to an electrical signal Beats are an example of superposition Using a microphone and a computer interface you can explore the properties Two sounds of nearly the same frequency will create a distinctive variation of common sounds such as period frequency and amplitude of sound amplitude which we call beats You can study this phenomenon When two sound waves overlap their air pressure variations will combine with a microphone lab interface and computer 83 SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Acoustics Specifications Resonance Apparatus Size 30 x 20 x 104 cm Weight approx 3 2 kg ALTAY se av T S ECL ENTER It Equipment needed Set of Tuning forks code 4317 90 4331 27 Mounted on base Demonstrating standing waves 5 ee The Resonance Apparatus allows you to observe the resonance phenomena and to measure the speed of sound in air by exploiting standing wave and resonance effects in longitudinal waves F Components The Resonance e andor Resonance Apparatus 4331 27 001 Apparatus e Levelling Bulb 1000ml 4331 27 002 e Rubber tube 4331 27 003 e Resonance tube 4331 27 004 e Knob Policarbonate Yellow M5x 10mm 2x DGAKNR M5X10 Sliding Support with 2 holes W012A2 NS Laws and principles investigated e Reso
219. schools and laboratories ww Handy to use LCD stopwatch with single memory Easy to use and accurate Specifications function e Main quadrant 0 60 sec Specifications Secondary quadrant 0 30 min Specifications Range 0 60 sec 1 100 min Accuracy 1 sec Sensitivity 0 1 sec Accuracy 0 01 sec Electronic Digital Timer a Po 2282 50 i For dynamics experiments ks eo Designed as a portable smart timer for kinematics experiments the accuracy is crystal controlled Etsctronic Timer mai ano 3 giving 0 01 accuracy for timing experiments Timer system can be used with up to two photo amp 2 E a gates or additional inputs from a GM Tube Time of Flight accessory pulley systems and so on ons 2 The Timer is easy to set up and can measure speed and acceleration as well as time COA i j The Electronic Digital Timer is compatible with Altay Docking Station code 2236 65 and Digital Large Display code 2236 60 Specifications e Two function modes measurement of the time interval between two pulses determination of average velocity or the duration of a pulse determination of instantaneous velocity Two input gates Three timing ranges 1 10 s up to 999 9 s 1 100 s up to 99 99 s 1 1000 s up to 9 999 s e Large 20 mm four digit display with over range indicator Automatic or manual reset feature Two start mode chronometer and simultaneous electromagnet release or only electromagnet re
220. sensor and a datalogger Circular Coil pa Laws and principles investigated e Magnetic field by electric current Teacher l demonstrating how the Circular Coil works t Magnetic Fed imt If the power supply is able to produce more current up to 10 A the iron filings will start to align on the magnetic field lines a Ei 4 a amp a Ea Specifications Size 10 x 12 x 4 cm Weight approx 350 g Resistance approx 30 Q Impedance at 50 Hz approx 50 Q without keeper Equipment needed Regulated DC Power Supply Unit code 2409 20 Iron Filings code 4612 12 Specifically designed to perform experiments of electromagnetism Altay s U Shaped Electromagnet encourages students to learn the relationship between electricity and magnetism Experiment s sees e ese r reece reer eee e eee eee cees Electricity and magnetic fields Visualize the magnetic lines of force The electromagnet is used in many electric devices such as electric bells relays circuit breakers loudspeakers and microphones Strong magnetic fields can be achieved by coiling a wire around a piece of soft iron The soft iron becomes a magnet itself when the current begins to flow and makes the magnetic field stronger U Shaped Electromagnet at work SINGLE ITEMS Magnetism amp Electromagnetism Gimbals Magnetic Field Sensor 4640 70 The simplest way to explore magnetic fields Altay s Gimbals M
221. static charges of excessive electric charges of one sign over the other Place a dielectric material to induce or bank charges on top of the electroscope box and observe a permanent or temporary displacement of the thin metallic leaf from the vertical metal rod If you introduce a charge on the metal iS Laws and principles investigated cap of the electroscope you will see _ the displacement of the leaf e Electrostatic charge measure Altay s Leaf Electroscope Experiment sees eee e cece creer eee eee ee eee ee eee Electrostatics Detect the excess of charges of one sign When electrons are removed or added on the metal top the excess of charges spread over the whole metal surface producing an electro static repulsion between the leaf and the vertical rod Leaf detail with back lighting Aepinus Air Condenser Specifications 4628 32 Size 34 x 20 x 25 cm Weight approx 3 kg A demonstration model A condenser is a device that allows the storage of energy in the electric field of a condenser created between a pair of conductors on which electric charges of equal magnitude but opposite sign have been placed With our Aepinus Air Condenser it is possible to show the dependence on capacity of a parallel plate condenser and the distance between the plates and the nature of the medium between them Aepinus Air Laws and principles investigated Condenser l l e Plane face condenser Dielectric ef
222. t DC The simplest rectifier is the half wave rectifier a single diode allows only one half of an AC waveform to be transferred to the load In some applications half wave rectification has a high inefficiency due to the large harmonic content and to the limitation of supplying power to the load once every half cycle If one needs to rectify AC power in order to obtain the full usage of both half cycles of the sine wave a more efficient circuit can be obtained by simply doubling the half wave rectifier The resulting circuit is called full wave rectifier one diode only works during the first half wave the other in the next half wave and so on But this two diode rectifier has a large disadvantage the necessity to use a transformer with a centre tapped secondary winding which is generally cumbersome and expensive especially in high power applications Usually a four diode bridge configuration is preferred While one set of two parallel diodes is forward biased the other set is reverse biased and can be considered as eliminated from the circuit lt gt IA Example of using a diode to rectify an input signal How to use four lt diodes in a bridge C C an rectifier configuration lt gt ee l NK Example of a screenshot By using a datalogger we can easily study resistance R 100 Q voltage amplitude A rectification in a circuit input 2 V frequency f 50 Hz The datalogger is used fo
223. t the algebraic sum of all voltages in a loop must be equal to zero ELECTRIC CIRCUIT Example of a more complex circuit explaining the application of both Kirchhoff s Laws Further examples of classical experiments More circuits experiments performed with this system A simple circuit for explain the effect of a potentiometer A sample circuit with resistance capacitance and inductance Case can also be used to setup experiments 33 PHYSICS SYSTEMS SAPPAY Electricity amp Electronics Electricity System 2 An advanced electricity lab for electrical circuit projects A Laws and principles investigated e What is a transformer Investigating the behaviour of electric motors e Looking at electric energy transformation into mechanical energy e The principle of the dynamo e Looking at mechanical energy transformation into electrical energy e Experiments with luminosity The transformer model components Electricity System 2 is easy to use and quick to set up Using the experiment circuit board in System 1 you can now perform advanced electricity experiments Mounting detail for a sample experiment 34 Electricity System 2 Specifications Size 50 x 42 x 12 cm Weight approx 4 kg Packing external suitcase in a durable ABS plastic carry case 4866 20 Equipment needed Electricity System 1 code 4866 10 Regulated DC Power Supply Unit code 2409 20 Equipment
224. t Board in case with accessories 111 CO SAMAY SINGLE ITEMS Electricity amp Electronics Experiment seseseeceececeecececeseoooooooooooooooooooeeeeeeeeoeoooooooooooo Boolean algebra How to realise logic circuits in a easy way The three types logic gates are the AND OR and NOT gates Using the array of gates we can demonstrate any boolean equation The kit also includes NAND NOR XOR and XNOR gates for convenience Truth table of the AND gate The board is an ideal base to demonstrate and introduce students to truth tables After compiling the truth table students can then verify the result on the Altay Logic Circuit Board Demonstration shows how an AND gate goes high when the inputs are both high Truth table of the EXOR Gate The EXOR gate for EXclusive OR gate is a logic gate that gives an output of 1 when only one of its inputs is 1 It is one of the most difficult for students to understand With the Altay Logic Circuit Board it is made easy A Truth table of the EXOR Gate explained on the Altay Logic Circuit Board Students can easily verify a Truth Table for a high and low level input to the EXOR gate The Altay Logic Board has many inputs for high and low values all the gates can be used in series or parallel to mount more complex circuits This feature allows students to test particular boolean equations such as De Morgan s Laws By using De Morgan s Theorem an A
225. teed In addition our single items focus on selective experiments to demonstrate scientific principles in depth while capable of working with a complete range of data loggers and sensors assuring consistent accuracy Carefully designed and crafted with significant input from teachers our single items guarantee high quality at competitive prices Multiuse System 5 cv acre soecericereeieareriawsass Mechanics acre 6 ct o0 9 63008 eno be saiieeeadessaeie Magnetism amp Electromagnetism 05 Electricity amp Electronics ccc cece eee eens Radioactivity nquaennramernenderdeunesnunaed ees Fundamental Constants ceeecceees ALTAY SINGLE ITEMS Multiuse System bench that can be used NE for mechanics and optics experiments The Multiuse System has been devised as a multipurpose system that can be used for kinematics pendulum free fall and optics experiments As the result of a modular design multiple experiments can be set up easily and quickly All you need is one Multiuse System then purchase whatever upgrade kit you require You need only to buy the bench once F Components With Altay Multiuse System you can add the following upgrades and convert your bench to a complete dynamics mechanics or optics system Altay Track Set code 4954 12 Aluminium track with accessories e Mechanics Upgrade 1 code 4941 14 Two Altay Carts new design
226. tem Wireless LabQuest TI 84 Plus Calculator EasyLink TI USB Graph Link Connectivity Kit LoggerPro 3 Data Logging Packages Motion Detector Rotary Motion Sensor Force Sensor Dual Range Accelerometer 25 g Accelerometer Low g Barometer Vernier Gas Pressure Sensor Page 132 132 132 132 132 132 132 133 133 133 133 133 135 135 135 135 135 137 135 129 129 135 91 137 136 134 134 134 137 136 136 136 129 136 136 137 137 116 118 119 120 120 120 121 122 123 123 123 123 123 124 124 Code 2312 10 2312 11 2312 12 2312 13 2313 10 2313 20 2313 30 2313 40 2313 50 2313 60 2313 70 2313 80 2314 10 2314 20 2314 30 2314 40 2315 10 2315 20 2315 21 2316 10 2317 10 2317 20 2320 10 2320 20 2320 30 2403 14 2403 50 2404 13 2407 01 2407 60 2408 00 2408 10 2409 20 2522 02 4110 01 4110 20 4114 11 4114 18 4114 30 4114 35 4114 36 4114 37 4115 10 4130 20 4132 00 4134 00 4134 70 4135 10 4136 50 4137 40 4138 50 4142 70 24 t 07 24 Description Photogate Vernier Picket Fence Ultra Pulley Attachment Bar Tape Charge Sensor Current Probe Voltage Probe Differential Voltage Probe Magnetic Field Sensor Microphone Electrode Amplifier Instrumentation Amplifier Thermocouple Temperature Probe Stainless Steel Surface Temperature Sensor Relative Humidity Sensor Light Sensor UVA Sensor UVB Sensor 3 ALTAY SCIENTIFIC Page 124 1
227. the board and a videocamera Falling Bodies Upgrade for Magnetic Board Example of use Laws and principles investigated e Conservation of energy in elastic collisions e Momentum conservation in elastic collisions e Laws of motion Equipment needed it s possible to compare theory and experiments This set can also be used to study elastic collisions Magnetic Board code 4114 30 A five beam laser a magnetic protractor and 5 optical bodies are the components of the optics accessories set F Components Five Beam Laser 4114 37 001 e Magnetic Protractor 2216 15 Triangular Optical Body 4419 10 e Biconvex Optical Body f 85 mm 4419 06 e Biconvex Optical Body f 135 mm 4419 07 e Biconcave Optical Body f 135 mm 4419 08 Trapezoidal Optical Body 4419 09 Example of set up With all this geometric optics is a child s play NS Laws and principles investigated Bi concave and bi convex lenses Focal length Refraction Refraction index e Total reflection Snell s law Experiment s sees e eee eee eee rere ee ee ee eee ee eee errr eee eee ee eee eee ec ccees Snell s Law Snell s Law describes the relationship between the angles of incidence and refraction of light when it passes through a two different media in example air and glass The law shows that the ratio of the sines of the angles of incidence and of refraction is a constant and that it depends on the medi
228. the phenomenon making use of the concept of Lorentz force X Laws and principles investigated e Lorentz force Interaction of currents with magnetic field aa e a J ee r M N wa Specifications Dimensions approx 25 x 18 x 45 cm Equipment needed Low Tension Power Supply Unit code 2407 01 Connecting leads 50 cm code 2522 00 3x Laplace Apparatus shows the dramatic effect of displacement of a tensioned conductor in a magnetic field Altay s Laplace Apparatus doesn t need for mercury A v Components 4646 10 001 4611 78 105 e Laplace Apparatus Stand e U Shaped magnet SINGLE ITEMS ALTAY Electricity amp Electronics Laplace Rail 4646 15 Discover easily the abstract concepts of electromagnetism r 4 Components e Rail 4646 15 001 e Sliding bar 4646 15 002 Neodinium lron Boron magnet 5x 4611 86 ra Laws and principles investigated e Laplace s Law Lorentz s Force Variable Inductance Altay s Laplace Rail Students enjoying with the Laplace Rail The links between electrical and magnetic fields will be easily explained by this apparatus A unique apparatus to discover inductance Altay s Variable Inductance X Laws and principles investigated Specifications Dimensions approx 25 x 18 x 8 cm Equipment needed Low Tension Power Supply Unit code 2407 01 Connecting leads code 2522 00 2x The e
229. the user to easily identify the direction of North and South Poles Laws and principles investigated Earth magnetic field North and cardinal points Magnetic Needle components Experiment e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e The North To determine the position of cardinal points The compass was developed in China in the 4th century and it was mainly used as a navigational instrument to find a travellers direction on the Earth The navigator knows the geography he watches the stars at night watches the sun at day when it is dark and cloudy he watches the compass Pingzhou Ke Tan Zhu Yu a E The simplest compass consists of a magnetised ARES N aaa pointer that aligns itself accurately with Earth s a magnetic field In our Magnetic Needle you will find a simple compass useful to determine the position of the cardinal points of every location The red side points to North 0 the blue to South 180 Earth s rotation defines the orientation of East 90 and West 270 Specifications Size 16 x 3 cm dia x height Magnetic needle 10 cm length Our Demonstration Compass consists of a simple magnetic needle on a compass map Our compass makes it extremely easy to demonstrate the cardinal points of a compass and determine all their directions SN NN i X Laws and principles investigated Sa e Investigating Earth s magnetic fie
230. tion accelerated linear uniform Rolling friction e Eddy currents in an aluminium track Aluminium track with carts PHYSICS SYSTEMS Mechanics Uniform accelerated rectilinear motion A cart of mass M on a horizontal plane is connected via a string over a pulley to an object of mass m Mass M m is accelerated due to gravity and defined by W mg The value for g is determined using photogates and an Altay timer system Setup example for study the uniform accelerated rectilinear motion Inclined plane angle measurement E o A G a in 5 Time 5 Position vs time graph of a cart bouncing with a spring on an inclined plane The difference in slope is due to the change of the rolling friction forces and gravity acceleration from concordant to discordant forces when crossing the x axis AUTAY SCIENTIFIC Experiment gt s esse e eee cere eee eeees Rolling friction Quantitative measurement of the rolling friction acting on the cart s wheels When you incline the plane at a set angle and then release the compressed spring the cart gets an initial velocity During the upward motion of the cart gravity and friction act in the same direction When the cart reaches the highest point on the inclined plane it starts to return down the track again In this instance gravity and friction act in opposite directions A teacher explains how to quantitatively measure the rolling friction
231. tions dro a de v v cosa x r v cosa i x d y dt a rn ST v v SIna gt y t sine t Sgr General equation of motion of the projectile 68 Plot of trajectory of the projectile using datalogging T I T T T F 1 3 Time s 1 4946 0 0838 In the formula the motion along x axis is rectilinear uniform along the y axis is determined by the acceleration of gravity g and is negative in the first half of motion and positive in the final trajectory There are four spring launch positions and one arm for the release By using one or two photogates it is possible to measure the launch velocity With the help of a simple digital camera and motion analysis software it is possible to study the motion in great detail SAPPAY SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics e Dynamics Specifications Simple Pendulum Height approx 765 mm Simple Pendulum is made of strong and lasting materials Two different diameter balls show that the period of oscillation of pendulum depends only from the length of the cord NS Laws and principles investigated e The Law of the Pendulum Independency of the period from the mass The simplest way to discover pendulum Q Altay Simple Pendulum is created to show to the whole class the fundamental experiments concerning pendulum and its laws The Simple Pendulum Multiple Pendulum Apparatus Specifications 4137 40 Size 104 x 30 x 35 cm Weight approx 2 kg
232. to allow a lesser or greater impulse depending on the mass of the adjacent cart The other side of the cart contains two strips of Velcro and a pair of powerful neodymium magnets which are designed for alternate elastic and inelastic collisions EM Trigger amp Launcher for Cart An automatic trigger auncher for dynamics experiments EM Trigger amp Launcher for Cart for inelastic collisions Specifications Size 14 x 7 x 4 cm Weight approx 450 g Ideal for all dynamics experiments the all new Altay Cart is an ideal companion for the Plunger Cart Designed to be robust yet almost friction free we have designed our cart so that it will withstand the rigours of any school laboratory Manufactured from solid aluminium we have used a special low friction wheel system This system gives almost friction free movement and results which are accurate and repeatable time and time again Inelastic collision Specifications Size 14 x 7 x 4 cm Weight approx 450 g The Altay Plunger Cart has been designed specifically for accurate and repeatable experiments results in kinematics Manufactured from solid aluminium the sturdy design prevents any accidental damage in the classroom The Altay Plunger Cart has been designed specifically with ruggedness and experimental accuracy in mind The cart s wheels are mounted on almost frictionless bearings to give a smooth and effortless motion on the dynamics track
233. troscope 4625 00 High impact electrostatic force experiment Pith Ball Electroscope in detail NS Laws and principles investigated Electrostatic charge Electrical sparks Experiment es gt Electrostatic force of repulsion Charging the spheres By rubbing a PVC rod on a wool surface it is possible to charge the rod by friction If you place the rod near one of the spheres it will be electrified by induction touching it with the rod you will charge the sphere by conduction It is therefore possible to charge the electroscope positively or negatively depending on the electrifying properties of the rod Students having fun learning electricity with the Van de Graaff device Specifications Size 11 x 13 x 26 cm Weight approx 100 g The Pith Ball Electroscope is a simple instrument for demonstrating electrostatic force With some simple rods of different materials such as perspex PVC or glass and a piece wool or silk surface you can charge one of the spheres in the electroscope After the spheres will have different charges and will repel each other Charging the electroscope by conduction 98 ALTAY SCIENTIFIC SINGLE ITEMS Electrostatics Leaf Electroscope Specifications aaa 462550 Size 20 x 15 x 20 cm Weight approx 1 kg Mounted on base A classical instrument for measure Simple and functional Altay s Leaf Electroscope allows us to measure the amount
234. tus e Wire gauzes with round ceramic centre 2x 5534 25 e Bunsen Burner 5511 10 Tripod Stand for Bunsen Burner 5533 10 e Gas Burner Tubing for butane propane gas 5449 95 e Micrometer Dial Gauge range 0 10 mm sensitivity 0 01 mm 2214 00 e Support for Micrometer Dial Gauge with knob 2214 01 e Pulse glass 4210 50 e Potassium Permanganate 4207 56 e Bimetallic strip with electric contact 4200 80 15 Q SAMAY PHYSICS SYSTEMS Thermodynamics NS Laws and principles investigated WS List of the experiments detailed in the instruction manual e Thermal radiation Boiling and condensation e Heat sensitivity and thermal equilibrium e Calorimeter and Joule s Law Dalton s Law of Partial Pressures e Measurement of the coefficient of volume expansion of water e Equilibrium temperature of mixed liquids Fixed points of a thermometer e Evaporation of two different liquids Expansion of ice Temperature measurement with a T type thermocouple e Thermometer s time constant and fixed points of a thermometer e Linear expansion of a solid Coefficient of expansions of iron and brass e Fourier s Equation and Fourier s Law e Example of the use of a thermostat e Heat sensitivity and Locke s Law Linear expansion of a solid e Measurement of the boiling point of alcohol e Wet and dry bulb hygrometer relative humidity psychrometry and Boiling at below and above atmospheric pressure moisture content e Measurement of the heat of
235. uced by an electric current in a solenoid e Paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substances 30 Specifications Size 50 x 42 x 12 cm Weight approx 4 kg Packing comes with a durable ABS plastic carry case Equipment needed Power Supply 30 A code 2407 60 Magnetics System 2 comes in a durable Equipment suggested ABS plastic case Overhead Projector Magnetic Field Sensor code 2313 50 LabPro code 2300 10 or LabQuest code 2300 30 or Go Link code 2320 30 with foam inserts The Magnetics System 2 is designed to demonstrate the basic principles electromagnetic flux lines of current carrying conductors deflection of a magnetic needle the magnetic field produced by a permanent magnet and paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substances etc The Magnetics System 2 is also suitable for use with an overhead projector Magnetics System 2 components Example of the use of the carrying current conductor iD Experiment data being taken using a magnetic field sensor With a datalogger and a magnetic field sensor it is easy to gather and manipulate data with a computer SA SCVEWTV EI PHYSICS SYSTEMS Magnetism amp Electromagnetism Experiment e s Magnetic field produced by a permanent magnet This classic experiment shows magnetic lines of force produced by various combinations of bar shaped magnets One of the simplest ways for showing the behaviour of the lines of force of a magnetic
236. um like propagation of sound or experiments with the Buoyancy Balance code 4184 93 Vacuum Bell Plate Specifications Dimensions diam approx 13 cm Equipment Needed Vacuum Pump code 4184 21 or Manual Vacuum Pump code 4184 12 The Magdeburg hemispheres were designed by German scientist Otto von Guericke in 1650 to demonstrate the air pump he had invented and the concept of air pressure Try to open the hemispheres SINGLE ITEMS Mechanics Sphere with Two Stopcocks 4184 90 A simple experiment to measure air density le This item consists of a Pyrex glass sphere with two stopcocks The blown glass can hold low vacuum and has a capacity of roughly 1 litre The sphere is equipped with two stopcocks and glass connections for rubber tubes Buoyancy Balance 4184 93 Simple and effective instrument to experience buoyancy of air eu Altay Buoyancy balance is equipped with inclination index to recover the buoyancy force and the level of vacuum in the bell NS Laws and principles investigated e Buoyancy of air Air Pressure and level of vacuum AUTAY SCIENTIFIC Specifications capacity 1 Equipment Needed Vacuum Pump Code 4184 21 Electronic Balance code 2219 30 or Ohaus Scout Pro Balance 400 0 01 g code 2219 61 The purpose of this item is to measure air density making use of a vacuum pump and a sensitive balance Laws and principles investigated
237. uments U Tube Manometer Mercury Barometer 282 50 A classical instrument for air pressure mesurements For exact measurements of air pressure and for calibrating aneroid barometers Consists of a barometer tube mounted on wooden backboard with one fixed scale and one sliding scale The fixed scale indicates the height above the sea level from 0 to 1700 m mmHg values from 620 to 800 and millibar from 820 to 1070 The sliding scale that allows the calibration of the instrument according to the height above sea level indicates mmHg from 700 to 790 and millibar from 930 to 1050 A pointer sliding on the tube may be set at the pressure most recently observed Range 10 to 60 C with 1 C divisions Specifications Height 940 mm Fixed scale Height 0 1700 m Pressure 620 800 mmHg 820 1070 millibar Sliding scale Pressure 700 790 mmHg 930 1050 millibar Range 10 C 60 C Accuracy 1 C A manometer made from a glass U tube with a valve attached to a metric scale plate mounted Barometer The measured pressure is applied to one side i of the tube whilst the reference pressure which A complete solution for measuring pressure temperature and humidity may be atmospheric is applied to the other The difference in liquid level represents the Complete with thermometer and hygrometer with wooden frame applied pressure Specifications Dial diameter 140 mm Pressure 973 1053 milli
238. ves The observed real wave is the result of the interference of the elementary waves This suggests that diffraction and interference are phenomena that can be referred to only in a theoretical interpretation Assembly example for the diffraction grating experiment By using a motion detector and a light sensor you can show a graph of the light intensity 50 F vs the light sensor position i e distance This is possible by moving the light sensor Diagram shows my constructive and around the positions of maximum intensity a destructive while sampling its position with the motion x n interference of the 5 w E detector light coming from the For a distance x 173 cm and a diffraction diffraction grating eee ee ee grating with a pitch p of 0 13 mm we get the following result 1 i lth wae oe han Rn RE Will T 0 10 0 12 O14 0 16 0 18 aition jen Experimental data of luminous intensity vs position for a diffraction grating tnd psin Constructive interference Where p is the pitch of the diffraction grating Further examples of possible experiments Additional experiments with Optics System 3 0 ere The effect of PAI NCI PAL K Ato J t using a diffraction MAXIMUM HAMOUR oF grating L a t CRIPAN FHATIEJ J i s Bi dimensional p Coarse grating interference diffraction grating 295
239. ween the two points within the fluid column Pascal s law can be interpreted as saying that any change in pressure applied at any given point of the fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid The Spouting Jar Apparatus gives a Specifications very nice classroom demonstration of the laws governing pressure in fluids The apparatus consists of a metal column filled with water with spout out water at different height along the Size 25 x 28 x 52 cm Weight approx 1 8 kg F Components Spouting Jar Stand 4180 42 001 vertical column through rubber tubes Tube 4x 4180 42 002 fixed along its length Mohr Clip 4x 5431 05 The experiment will clearly see the direct relationship between the pressure of the liquid and length of the ejected water column through each spout pa Laws and principles investigated e Stevino s Law Experiment sseseessesoesoesosoososooooosoeoeeo Mechanics of fluids Verifying the Stevino s Law The most immediate application of this apparatus is the quantitative verification of the Stevino s Law This law relates liquid pressure to the atmospheric pressure Pim the density p of the fluid the gravity acceleration g and the height h of the water column P P m pgh Right away students can notice a remarkable difference between the three spouts and applying the basic laws of kinematics they can relate the velocity of the outgoing water with the pressu
240. when it exits the prism The separation by colour occurs because different colours corresponding y a Laws and principles investigated to different wavelengths of light travel at different speeds in the prism although they travel at the same speed namely e Concave and convex mirror Convergent and divergent lens the speed of light in a vacuum e Focal length Gauss approximation As a result refraction causes the wavefronts of 1 f The eye hyperopic and myopic eye Inverse square law different wavelengths to be deflected by different e Joly photometer Lens power Luminous intensity angular amounts Since white light is really a i e Magnifier and magnifying power Photometry Prism superposition of many different wavelengths the e Refraction index System of lenses The compound microscope prism therefore has the effect of angularly separating The telescope Thin lens equation the incident light by colour e Principles of Bi concave bi convex lenses and mirrors Spectrum of white light e Determine the focal length of a lens 94 SAMAY SINGLE ITEMS Optics Newton s Disk Specifications ae Size 20 x 30 x 12 cm Weight approx 1 kg Mounted on base The human perception of colours The Newton s Disk consists of an aluminium platform with coloured segments printed on it The colours represent the primary colours of the spectrum red orange yellow green blue indigo and violet Whe
241. x 10 x 23 cm Weight approx 20 g Helium code 4470 10 Neon code 4470 11 Argon code 4470 12 Mercury code 4470 13 Hydrogen code 4470 14 Oxygen code 4470 15 Nitrogen code 4470 16 Carbon Dioxide code 4470 17 Spectrum Tubes are an effective tool to teach the effect of gas excitation and visible light emission Our Spectrum Tubes can also be used together with the Spectrometer code 4455 02 to analyse the spectra of gases in the different tubes Spectrum Tubes can easily be mounted on our Tube Holder that protect them against accidental shocks Tubes of different gas types are available Altay designed to be capillary thin at their centre point to produce a sharp and bright spectra Laws and principles investigated E e Light from excited energy levels Monochromatic light Experiment ssseccseereseeeecceecens Monochromatic light emission The principle behind neon lamps A Hydrogen vapour lamp is a gas discharge lamp which uses the excitation of the atoms to produce light Very high voltage between the anode and cathode plates causes the hydrogen atoms to move to an excited state When the atom reverts to its stable condition a definite quanta of light is emitted This observed spectral line is the energy associated with the first energy level state of the atom and its normal fundamental state Hydrogen light emission detail SINGLE ITEMS Electrostatics Wimshurst Machine Specifications

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