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Moisture Monitor™ Series 3

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1. Figure 1 1 Series 5 Back Pane 1 2 Installing Optional Features February 2005 Precautions for Modified or Non GE Panametrics Cables Many customers must use pre existing cables or in some cases modify the standard moisture cable supplied with the Series 3 to meet special needs If you prefer to use your own cables or to modify our cables observe the precautions listed below In addition after connecting the moisture probe you must perform a calibration adjustment as described in Performing a Calibration Test Adjustment on page 1 22 to compensate for any electrical offsets Caution GE Infrastructure Sensing cannot guarantee operation to the specified accuracy of the Series 3 unless you use hygrometer cables supplied with the Series 3 Use cable that matches the electrical characteristics of GE Panametrics cable contact the factory for specific information on cable characteristics The cable must have individually shielded wire sets A single overall shield is incorrect If possible avoid all splices Splices will impair the performance When possible instead of splicing coil the excess cable If you must splice cables be sure the splice introduces minimum resistive leakage or capacitive coupling between conductors Carry the shield through any splice A common mistake is to not connect the shields over the splice If you are modifying a supplied cable the shield will not be a
2. RTT TY Figure 1 12 Channel Card Switch S1 Location 6 Once the switches are set replace the channel card 7 Replace the retainer bar Make sure the slots on the retainer bar are seated correctly against the printed circuit boards Secure the bar with two screws 8 Slide the electronics unit into its enclosure and replace the screws Tighten the screws until they are snug Do not over tighten You have completed connecting the pressure transmitter 1 16 Installing Optional Features February 2005 Connecting Auxiliary The Series 3 accepts up to two auxiliary inputs from any probe with a Inputs 0 4 20 mA or 0 2 VDC output including a variety of process control instruments available from GE Infrastructure Sensing Inputs may be self or loop powered Self powered inputs are either current or voltage Loop powered inputs are usually current In either case after you make connections to the electronics unit you must set the switch block on the channel card for current or voltage depending on the type of input you are using Use the instructions that follow to connect and set up the auxiliary inputs Use Figure 1 13 below as a guide for making auxiliary input connections to the terminal block labeled AUX on the back of the electronics unit IMPORTANT To maintain good contact at each terminal block and to avoid damaging the pins on the connector pull the connector str
3. Figure 1 3 Channel Card S2 and S3 Locations Installing Optional Features 1 5 February 2005 Connecting Recorders Connect the recorders to the terminal block on the back panel labeled REC See Figure 1 4 below for terminal block location Make connections for recorder outputs using Table 1 1 below IMPORTANT To maintain good contact at each terminal block and to avoid damaging the pins on the connector pull the connector straight off not at an angle make cable connections while the connector is away from the unit and push the connector straight on not at an angle when the wiring is complete Table 1 1 Recorder Connections Connect Recorder A To REC Terminal Block out pin A return pin A Connect Recorder B To REC Terminal Block out pin B return pin B STD TF PROBE o j OXYGEN OXYGEN AZARDOUS AR CONNECTIONS o o o oonourwm o o 7 f CHANNEL 1 L CHANNEL 2 ALMA ALM B ALM A ALM B NO C NCRIN NO C NC NO C NCRIN NO C NC A RECA AUX A RECB UX RIN 1 2 24V RIN1 2 24V 5650000 5 6 60 0 0 REC T
4. A 34 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 B Laboratory Procedures If in line measurements are not practical then there are two possible laboratory procedures 1 The unique ability of the sensor to determine the moisture content of a liquid can be used as follows d Using the apparatus shown in Figure A 3 on page A 33 dissolve a known amount of the solids sample in a suitable hydrocarbon liquid b The measured increase in the moisture content of the hydrocarbon liquid can then be used to calculate the moisture content of the sample C For best results the hydrocarbon liquid used above should be pre dried to a moisture content that is insignificant compared to the moisture content of the sample Note Since the addition of the solid may significantly change the saturation value for the solvent published values should not be used Instead an empirical calibration as discussed in the previous section should be used d A dew point of 110 C which can correspond to a moisture content of 10 PPM or less represents the lower limit of sensor sensitivity The maximum measurable moisture content depends to a great extent on the liquid itself Generally the sensor becomes insensitive to moisture contents in excess of 1 by weight 2 An alternative technique involves driving the moisture from the solids sample by heating d The evaporated moisture is directed into a chamber of known volume w
5. Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 23 February 2005 Replacing and Recalibrating Moisture Probes Recalibrating the Pressure Sensors For maximum accuracy you should send the probes back to the factory for recalibration every six months to one year depending on the application Under severe conditions you should send the probes back more frequently in milder applications you do not need to recalibrate probes as often Contact a GE Infrastructure Sensing applications engineer for the recommended calibration frequency for your application When you receive new or recalibrated probes be sure to install and connect them as described in Chapter 1 Installation of the Startup Guide Once you have installed and connected the probes enter the calibration data supplied with each probe as described in Entering Calibration Data for New Probes Sensors in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual then configure the channel as described in Reconfiguring a Channel for a New Sensor in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual Since the pressure sensor on a TF Series Probe is a strain gage type the pressure calibration is linear and is calibrated at two data points Each point consists of a pressure value and a corresponding voltage value Check or change the two calibration points using the steps below 1 Set one of the lines on the screen to display pressure in mV Refer to Displaying Measurements in Chapter 2 of the Programming Manual to set
6. As a result of operating the Series 3 particularly when monitoring dry gases there may be a gradual loss of water from the electrolyte in the Delta F oxygen cell The electrolyte level should be checked at regular intervals to ensure your cell is always operating properly This section describes how to check and replenish the electrolyte in your oxygen cell Note Some applications require that the electrolyte be changed periodically Consult GE Infrastructure Sensing Using the min max window on the oxygen cell check to be sure the electrolyte level covers about 60 of the window see Figure 2 1 below Level Indicator Figure 2 1 Delta F Oxygen Cell Electrolyte Level Once the oxygen cell receives the initial charge of electrolyte you should monitor the level regularly DO NOT let the fluid level drop below the MIN level mark on the window WARNING Electrolyte contains a strong caustic ingredient and can be harmful if it comes in contact with skin or eyes Follow proper procedures for handling the caustic Potassium Hydroxide solution Consult your company safety personnel To raise the fluid level in the reservoir add DISTILLED WATER slowly in small amounts Check the level as you add the distilled water making sure you do not overfill the reservoir The electrolyte mixture should cover approximately 60 of the min max window 2 12 Troubleshooting and Maintenance
7. Adding Removing a PCMCIA Card cont BATTERY PAK Retainer Bar POWER SUPPLY CHANNEL CHANNEL CONTROLLER Controller Board Top View Figure 2 2 Controller Board Location 6 Insert the PCMCIA card into the brackets along the side of the cutout area Orient the card so that Pin 1 of the PCMCIA card lines up with Pin 1 of the connector on the controller card Note When you are inserting the PCMCIA card the face of the card with the arrows must be on the side next the controller board 7 Check the switch settings to make sure they match the ones shown in Figure 2 3 on page 2 15 all switches down The switch settings shown in the insert are preset at the factory and must remain at this setting for normal operation 8 Replace the controller card 9 Slide the electronics unit back into place on the Series 3 and reinsert the screws on the front panel 10 Plug in the meter 2 14 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Adding Removing a PCMCIA Card cont PCMCIA SER SRE BDOE ya wi ge p s i E me 3 4 Eo go Bo Ln 8 BRED Halo C26 C2acR2 G CRA CRI MILD u ae css at Ban wg RA 1 nannan anann Figure 2 3 Cont
8. C 2 C 122 F 4 F for 24 hours Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 7 February 2005 Aluminum Oxide Probe Maintenance cont 6 Repeat steps 3 5 for the protective shield During this process swirl the shield in the solvents to ensure the removal of any contaminants that may have become embedded in the porous walls of the shield Carefully replace probe s protective shield making sure not to touch the sensor Connect the probe cable to the probe and record the dew point of the ambient air as in step 1 Compare the two recorded dew point readings to determine if the reading after cleaning is a more accurate value for the dew point of the ambient atmosphere If the sensor is in proper calibration 2 C accuracy reinstall the probe in the sample cell and proceed with normal operation of the hygrometer 10 If the sensor is not in proper calibration repeat steps 1 9 using time intervals 5 times those used in the previous cleaning cycle Repeat this procedure until the sensor is in proper calibration A trained laboratory technician should determine if all electrically conductive compounds have been removed from the aluminum oxide sensor and that the probe is properly calibrated Probes which are not in proper calibration must be recalibrated It is recommended that all moisture probes be recalibrated by GE Infrastructure Sensing approximately once a year regardless of the probe s conditi
9. Warranty ii Index 3 ATEX COMPLIANCE Sensing We GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc 1100 Technology Park Drive Billerica MA 01821 4111 U S A as the manufacturer declare under our sole responsibility that the product Moisture Monitor Series 3 Analyzer to which this document relates in accordance with the provisions of ATEX Directive 94 9 EC Annex Il meets the following specifications C ex Il 1 G EEx ia IIC 20 C to 50 C 1180 BASO1ATEX7097 Furthermore the following additional requirements and specifications apply to the product e Having been designed in accordance with EN 50014 and EN 50020 the product meets the fault tolerance requirements of electrical apparatus for category ia e The product is an electrical apparatus and must be installed in the hazardous area in accordance with the requirements of the EC Type Examination Certificate The installation must be carried out in accordance with all appropriate international national and local standard codes and practices and site regulations for flameproof apparatus and in accordance with the instructions contained in the manual Access to the circuitry must not be made during operation Only trained competent personnel may install operate and maintain the equipment The product has been designed so that the protection afforded will not be reduced due to the effects of corrosion of materials electrical conductivity
10. impact strength aging resistance or the effects of temperature variations The product cannot be repaired by the user it must be replaced by an equivalent certified product Repairs should only be carried out by the manufacturer or by an approved repairer e The product must not be subjected to mechanical or thermal stresses in excess of those permitted in the certification documentation and the instruction manual e The product contains no exposed parts which produce surface temperature infrared electromagnetic ionizing or non electrical dangers CE 5 CERT ATEX D Rev August 2004 DECLARATION Sensing OF CONFORMITY We Panametrics Limited Shannon Industrial Estate Shannon County Clare Ireland declare under our sole responsibility that the Moisture Image Series 1 Analyzer Moisture Image Series 2 Analyzer Moisture Monitor Series 3 Analyzer to which this declaration relates are in conformity with the following standards e EN 50014 1997 A1 A2 1999 e EN 50020 1994 e 1 G EEx ia IIC BASO1ATEX7097 Baseefa 2001 Ltd EECS Buxton SK17 9JN UK EN 61326 1998 Class A Annex A Continuous Unmonitored Operation e EN 61010 1 1993 A2 1995 Overvoltage Category II Pollution Degree 2 following the provisions of the 89 336 EEC EMC Directive the 73 23 EEC Low Voltage Directive and the 94 9 EC ATEX Directive The units listed above and any sensors and ancillary sample handling systems supplied with th
11. supply and close both valves 6 Weigh the apparatus including the liquid and calculate the sample weight by subtracting the step 1 weight from this weight 7 Insert a syringe through the rubber septum and add a known weight of H O to the sample Continue stirring until the water is completely dissolved in the liquid 8 Record the dew point indicated by the hygrometer and calculate the moisture content as follows weight of water 6 PPM 2 W total weight of liquid 9 Repeat steps 6 8 until samples with several different moisture contents have been analyzed Note The accuracy of this technique can be checked at any point by withdrawing a sample and performing a Karl Fischer titration Be aware that this will change the total liquid weight in calculating the next point A 30 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901 February 2005 C Additional Notes for In addition to the topics already discussed the following general Liquid Applications application notes pertain to the use of moisture probes in liquid applications 1 All M Series Aluminum Oxide Moisture Sensors can be used in either the gas phase or the liquid phase However for the detection of trace amounts of water in conductive liquids for which an empirical calibration is required the M2 Sensor is recommended Since a background signal is caused by the conductivity of the liquid between the sensor lead wires use of the M2 Sensor which has the
12. 0 439 24 0 526 0 515 0 505 0 495 0 486 23 0 580 0 569 0 558 0 547 0 536 22 0 640 0 627 0 615 0 603 0 592 21 0 705 0 691 0 678 0 665 0 652 20 0 776 0 761 0 747 0 733 0 719 19 0 854 0 838 0 822 0 806 0 791 18 0 939 0 921 0 904 0 887 0 870 17 1 031 1 012 0 993 0 975 0 956 16 1 132 1 111 1 091 1 070 1 051 15 1 241 1 219 1 196 1 175 1 153 14 1 361 1 336 1 312 1 288 1 264 13 1 490 1 464 1 437 1 411 1 386 12 1 632 1 602 1 574 1 546 1 518 11 1 785 1 753 1 722 1 691 1 661 10 1 950 1 916 1 883 1 849 1 817 9 2 131 2 093 2 057 2 021 1 985 8 2 326 2 285 2 246 2 207 2 168 7 2 537 2 493 2 450 2 408 2 367 6 2 765 2 718 2 672 2 626 2 581 5 3 013 2 962 2 912 2 862 2 813 4 3 280 3 225 3 171 3 117 3 065 3 3 568 3 509 3 451 3 393 3 336 2 3 880 3 816 3 753 3 691 3 630 1 4 217 4 147 4 079 4 012 3 946 0 4 579 4 504 4 431 4 359 4 287 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 15 February 2005 Table A 1 Vapor Pressure of Water cont Aqueous Vapor Pressure Over Water Temp C 0 0 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 0 4 579 4 647 4 715 4 785 4 855 1 4 926 4 998 5 070 5 144 5 219 2 5 294 5 370 5 447 5 525 5 605 3 5 685 5 766 5 848 5 931 6 015 4 6 101 6 187 6 274 6 363 6 453 5 6 543 6 635 6 728 6 822 6 917 6 7 013 7411 7 209 7 309 7411 7 7 513 7 617 7 722 7 828 7 936 8 8 045 8 155 8 267 8 380 8 494 9 8 609 8 727 8 845 8 965 9 086 10 9 209 9 333 9 458 9 585 9 714 11 9 844
13. 11 Pressure Transmitter Connecting 1 13 Printer Communications Port 1 20 Probes Replacing and Recalibrating 2 25 R Recorders Connecting 1 4 Setting Switches 1 4 Reference Menu Setting High amp Low Values 2 21 Relative Humidity Calculating A 13 Relays AV ATMS 58 oe une 2 2 Response Time Moisture Probe A 4 Return Policy iii RS232 Communications Port 1 20 Index February 2005 Index cont S Screen Messages 2 8 Common Problems 2 11 Setting Up Entering Reference Values 2 21 Signal Bttors 2 sin indie ann 2 32 Software Loading 2 33 Solids Applications A 34 Specifications Moisture Probe A 10 Switch Blocks Switch Settings 1 17 Switch Settings Auxiliary Inputs 1 17 Pressure Sensors 1 15 1 16 Recorders etr ee 1 4 T Temperature Monitoring A 4 Testing Alarm Relays 2 2 Calibration Adjustment 1 22 Troubleshooting Common Problems 2 11 Screen Messages 2 8 Troubleshooting and Maintenance Contaminants A 5 U User Program 2 14 W
14. Card Note Jf you intend to connect pressure inputs or other input devices to the Series 3 do not replace the retainer bar and cover because you will need to set switches on the channel card for those inputs as well 2 Replace the retainer bar Make sure the slots on the retainer bar are seated correctly against the printed circuit boards Secure the bar with two screws 3 Slide the electronics units into its enclosure and replace the screws Tighten the screws until they are snug Do not over tighten You may now connect the recorder s 005990 VE EEE UD Dp pa l ip 0000000 a eig o nol d e IDEO i Ta Ela ah 4 D am dei r we EX Nu nim 1 5 AN 4
15. February 2005 Adding Removing a To expand the memory or replace software the Series 3 controller PCMCIA Card board has brackets for a linear not flash or ATA SRAM PCMCIA expansion card that can hold up to 1 MB of data Please contact GE Infrastructure Sensing for a list of compatible devices and formatting To install or remove the card open the enclosure and handle the card as described below Caution Make sure you have a record of the data listed below before you reinitialize the system 1 Make sure you have arecord of the following data as described in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual Note This information should have been recorded on a separate sheet of paper Probe configuration Probe calibration data See the Calibration Data Sheets Recorder Outputs Alarm Outputs pata Logger Reference values See page 2 20 of this chapter IWARNING Remove power by disconnecting the main AC power cord before proceeding with this procedure 2 Turn the power off and unplug the unit 3 Discharge static from your body 4 Open the Series 3 enclosure by removing the screws on the front panel and sliding the electronics unit out 5 Use Figure 2 2 on page 2 14 to locate the controller board inside the electronics unit and remove the card by pulling it out of the brackets The controller board will appear similar to Figure 2 3 on page 2 15 Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 13 February 2005
16. Four Wire Use a four wire non shielded cable to make connections to the or Self Powered terminal block labeled AUX on the back of the electronics unit refer Transmitter to Figure 1 10 on page 1 13 Use Table 1 5 below to make the proper pin connections Note Twisted pair cables work well with this circuit IMPORTANT To maintain good contact at each terminal block and to avoid damaging the pins on the connector pull the connector straight off not at an angle make cable connections while the connector is away from the unit and push the connector straight on not at an angle when the wiring is complete Table 1 5 Four Wire or Self Powered Trans Connections To AUX Terminal Block Negative Lead Input pin RTN Positive Lead Output pin 2 aux input 2 or pin 1 aux input 1 IMPORTANT Connect the remaining leads to an external power source Once you complete the pressure connections you must set switch block S1 on the Series 3 channel card for either current or voltage input depending on the type of pressure sensor you are using refer to Setting Input Switches on page 1 15 1 14 Installing Optional Features February 2005 Setting Input Switches Set switch block S1 on the channel card as described below 1 Remove the screws on the front panel and slide the electronics unit out of its enclosure 2 Remove the retainer bar by removing the two screws on the outside of the chassis see Figure 1 11 belo
17. Kc ERES A 11 Parts ber Million bu Volumes cse 10 Kate be pote d bu aes A 12 Parts per Milion b MVS IQ iis ee b tia tee eae REST ER A 13 Relative DICE o on abc x eode trcs eater tasted des Sot cre hotel ct tes VAL e du A 13 Weight of Water per Unit Volume of Carrier Gas A 13 Weight of Water per Unit Weight of Carrier Gas A 14 Comparison eRPPMVSalelllqtobis seese essen tad e cnp Pad as cep reped 2e EP E A 21 EISEN PONG CIO Se tue Queis Dues cM ad as en uu E Maras ta ce te ILC NM ur Ed sd A 22 Theor OP OPER E E A E e A RR d en se A 22 Moisture Content Measurement in Organic Liquids A 22 ERNBIFIEGFC Ali POLIO RS 2 ee e arg ae at st A 28 SONGS PO OUCHU ONS Pace Mey tee en Dee ee o ae A 34 vii Chapter 1 Installing Optional Features Making Electrical Connections 1 1 Precautions for Modified or Non GE Panametrics Cables 1 3 Connecting the Recorder Outputs 1 4 Connecting Pressure Sensor Inputs 1 9 Connecting Auxiliary Inputs 1 17 Connecting a Personal Computer or Printer 1 20 Performing an MH Calibration Test Adjustment 1 22 February 2005 Making Electrical Connections Making Channel Connections IWARNING To ensure the safe operati
18. a sensitivity to the fluid flow rate If the measured dew point of a system changes with the fluid flow rate then it can be assumed that off gassing or a leak in the sample system is causing the variation If secondary moisture is entering the process fluid either from an ambient air leak or the release of previously absorbed moisture from the sample system walls an increase in the flow rate of the process fluid will dilute the secondary moisture source As a result the vapor pressure will be lowered and a lower dew point will be measured Note Refer to the Specifications chapter in the Startup Guide for the maximum allowable flow rate for the instrument A 4 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901 February 2005 Contaminants Industrial gases and liquids often contain fine particulate matter Particulates of the following types are commonly found in such process fluids carbon particles salts rust particles polymerized substances organic liquid droplets dust particles molecular sieve particles alumina dust For convenience the above particulates have been divided into three broad categories Refer to the appropriate section for a discussion of their affect on the aluminum oxide moisture probe Non Cond uctive Note Molecular sieve particles organic liquid droplets and oil Particulates droplets are typical of this category In general the performance of the moisture probe will not be seriously
19. affected by process con taminants refer to Appen dix A Probe reads too wet or too dry Clean the sensor and the sensor shield as described in Appendix A Then reinstall the sensor Sensor is contaminated with conductive particles refer to Appendix A Probe reads high dew point Clean the sensor and the sensor shield as described in Appendix A Then reinstall the sensor Also install a proper filter i e sin ered or coalescing element Sensor is corroded refer to Appendix A Probe reads too wet or too dry Return the probe to GE Infrastructure Sens ing for evaluation 5 Sensor temp is greater than 70 C 158 F Probe reads too dry 2 eturn the probe to GE Infrastructure Sens g for evaluation Stream particles causing abrasion Probe reads too wet or too dry D 5 eturn the probe to GE Infrastructure Sens g for evaluation Screen always Probe is saturated Liquid water present on sensor A ean sensor and sensor shield as described Appendix A Then reinstall sensor s 0 5 reads the surface and or across elec wettest trical connections highest Shorted circuit on sensor N A Run dry gas over the sensor surface If the programmed high reading persists the probe is probably moisture shorted and should be returned to GE Infra calibration structure Sensing for evaluation value while dis Sensor is
20. because of process conditions and other factors minor problems may occur Some of the most common problems and procedures are discussed in this section If you cannot find the information you need in this section please consult GE Infrastructure Sensing Caution Do not attempt to troubleshoot the Series 3 beyond the instructions in this section If you do you may damage the unit and void the warranty This section includes the following information Testing the Alarm Relays Testing the Recorder Outputs Trimming the Recorder Outputs e Screen Messages Common Problems Checking and Replenishing Electrolyte in the Delta F Oxygen Cell Adding or Removing a PCMCIA Card Recharging the Battery Pack Installing a Channel Card Entering Reference Values for a Channel Card Replacing and Recalibrating the Moisture Probes Recalibrating the Pressure Sensors Calibrating the Delta F Oxygen Cell Delta F Oxygen Cell Background Gas Correction Factors Range Error Descriptions Signal Error Descriptions Calibration Error Descriptions Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 1 February 2005 Testing Alarm Relays The Test Menu enables you to either trip or reset the alarm relays While in this menu the Series 3 stops making measurements Press the PROG key to enter the user program Enter Passcode XXXX Enter the passcode Note f you have already entered the user program refer to the menu maps
21. extends to all displayed measurements of that mode For example if dew point displays Over Rng then moisture in PPMv will also display Over Rng In addition since several moisture modes such as RH ppmv PPMw and MMSCF are dependent on more than one input to calculate their results some modes can generate an error opposite to the initial error For example RH is dependent on moisture and temperature The nature of the RH calculation is such that low temperatures result in a high RH Therefore it is possible for temperature to read Under Rng while RH reads Over Rng If multiple Range Errors occur simultaneously the Series 3 responds to them in the following order 1 Oxygen Errors 2 Moisture Errors 3 Temperature Errors 4 Pressure Errors Signal Errors occur when an electrical fault causes a measurement signal to exceed the capacity of the analyzer electronics The Series 3 displays Signal Errors with a Sig Err message A Calibration Error indicates a failure of the internal reference during Auto Cal During Auto Cal internal reference components are measured and compared to factory calibration values Each reference is read repeatedly and the value measured is compared to a table of acceptable values Any deviation from the factory values is calculated and corrected Should a reference fall outside the acceptable range a Cal Err message appears It is possible for one mode to fai
22. flow regulators and pressure regulators is eliminated or greatly reduced Instead a simple sample system to reduce the fluid temperature filter contaminants and facilitate sensor removal is all that is needed Whether the sensor is installed in situ or in a remote sampling system the accuracy and speed of measurement depend on the piping system and the dynamics of the fluid flow Response times and measurement values will be affected by the degree of equilibrium reached within system Factors such as gas pressure flow rate materials of construction length and diameter of piping etc will greatly influence the measured moisture levels and the response times Assuming that all secondary sources of moisture have been eliminated and the sample system has been allowed to come to equilibrium then the measured dew point will equal the actual dew point of the process fluid Some of the most frequently encountered problems associated with moisture monitoring sample systems include the moisture content value changes as the total gas pressure changes the measurement response time is very slow the dew point changes as the fluid temperature changes the dew point changes as the fluid flow rate changes A 2 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 Moisture Monitor Hints Aluminum oxide hygrometers measure only water vapor pressure In cont addition the instrument has a very rapid response time and it is
23. hindered by the condensation of non conductive non corrosive liquids However a slower response to moisture changes will probably be observed because the contaminating liquid barrier will decrease the rate of transport of the water vapor to the sensor and reduce its response time Particulate matter with a high density and or a high flow rate may cause abrasion or pitting of the sensor surface This can drastically alter the calibration of the moisture probe and in extreme cases cause moisture probe failure A stainless steel shield is supplied with the moisture probe to minimize this effect but in severe cases it is advisable to install a PTFE or stainless steel filter in the fluid stream On rare occasions non conductive particulate material may become lodged under the contact arm of the sensor creating an open circuit If this condition is suspected refer to the Probe Cleaning Procedure section of this appendix for the recommended cleaning procedure Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 5 February 2005 Conductive Particulates Corrosive Particulates Note Metallic particles carbon particles and conductive liquid droplets are typical of this category Since the hygrometer reading is inversely proportional to the impedance of the sensor a decrease in sensor impedance will cause an increase in the meter reading Thus trapped conductive particles across the sensor leads or on the sensor surface which will decre
24. reference values shown above are for example only You should verify the actual values as listed on the label placed on the left hand side of the Series 3 chassis or supplied with the new channel card Press the NO key and proceed to the next page Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 21 February 2005 Entering Moisture You may now do one of the following Reference Data cont Enter data for oxygen or pressure reference data by pressing the NO key until you return to Measurement Mode then select the desired mode and press YES Refer to Entering Oxygen Reference Data below or Entering Pressure Reference Data on page 2 23 Refer to another section and perform a different procedure Refer to the menu maps in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual to navigate through the user program Exit by pressing NO followed by the RUN key Entering Oxygen Reference Data Oxygen Ref Menu 1 Use the arrow keys to move the LOW HIGH brackets to LOW and press YES LoO2 Zero Span 1 Enter the low oxygen zero value 0 0499 0 0000 Press YES and then press the right arrow key LoO2 Zero Span 1 Enter the low oxygen span value 0 0499 1 9923 Press YES Then press the NO key Note The reference values shown above are for example only You should verify the actual values as listed on the label placed on the left hand side of the Series 3 chassis or supplied with the new channel card Oxygen Ref Menu 1 Press the
25. response time the preferred materials of construction for moisture monitoring sample systems are stainless steel PTFE and glass Materials to be avoided include rubber elastomers and related compounds The aluminum oxide hygrometer is largely unaffected by ambient temperature However for best results it is recommended that the ambient temperature be at least 10 C higher than the measured dew point up to a maximum of 70 C Because an ambient temperature increase may cause water vapor to be desorbed from the walls of the sample system it is possible to observe a diurnal change in moisture concentration for a system exposed to varying ambient conditions In the heat of the day the sample system walls will be warmed by the ambient air and an off gassing of moisture into the process fluid with a corresponding increase in measured moisture content will occur The converse will happen during the cooler evening hours This effect should not be mistakenly interpreted as indicating that the moisture probe has a temperature coefficient Aluminum oxide hygrometers are unaffected by the fluid flow rate The moisture probe is not a mass sensor but responds only to water vapor pressure The moisture probe will operate accurately under both static and dynamic fluid flow conditions In fact the specified maximum fluid linear velocity of 10 000 cm sec for the M Series Aluminum Oxide Moisture Sensor indicates a mechanical stability limitation rather than
26. units Printing The Series 3 is printing a report None None RAM failed Sig Err See Signal Error Description on page 2 31 Under Rng See Range Error Description on page 2 31 RAM is changed or cor rupted Battery may need to be replaced The input signal from the probe exceeds the capacity of the analyzer electronics The input signal is below the calibrated range of the probe RAM is reset Program info will be lost Screen is reset to display signal ground Same as above Alarms and recorders respond as programmed Refer to page 2 31 Alarms and recorders respond as programmed Refer to page 2 31 Press YES to continue with power up Check reference and calibra tion values against reference stick ers and calibration data sheets then do one of the following Re enter data that is lost or does not match See Reconfiguring a Channel for a New Sensor Entering Calibration Data for New Probes Sensors and Entering Reference Values for a Channel Card all in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual e If data is OK turn power off and then on If RAM error occurs again replace battery Check for a short in the probe Contact GE Infrastructure Sensing Check wiring for shorts Contact GE Infrastructure Sensing Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 9 February 2005 Common Problems If the Series 3 measurement readings seem stra
27. 0 100 75 290 0 423 Ra 75 0 05 The new span value x is 100 PPM 387 uA Enter the new value as described in the next section 2 26 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Entering the New Span Press the PROG key to enter the user program Value Enter Passcode XXXX Enter the passcode Be sure the number displayed in the upper right hand corner of the screen is the channel you want to program If not press the CHAN key to select the desired channel _ Programming Menu Use the arrow keys to move the SYSTEM AUTOCALR brackets to SYSTEM and press YES Measurement Mode Use the arrow keys to move the H T P Aut brackets to O and press YES System Menu Use the arrow keys to move the 4 CURVES CONSTANT brackets to CURVES and press YES O2 Curve Menu Use the arrow keys to move the S N CURVE BkGd brackets to CURVE and press YES Sel O2 Curve Pts 1 Use the arrow keys to move the ZERO SPAN brackets to SPAN and press YES 1 O ua O Enter the new span percentage 0 721 0 0000 value Press YES and press the left arrow key 1 O ua O ppm Enter the new span microamp Zero SPAN value and press YES To exit press RUN Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 27 February 2005 Delta F Oxygen Cell Background Gas Correction Factors Correcting for Different Background Gases The factory calibration procedure for Delta F oxygen
28. 0 83 400 60 403 80 407 00 410 20 413 60 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 17 February 2005 Table A 1 Vapor Pressure of Water cont Aqueous Vapor Pressure Over Water cont Temp C 0 0 0 2 04 0 6 08 84 416 80 420 20 423 60 426 80 430 20 85 433 60 437 00 440 40 444 00 447 50 86 450 90 454 40 458 00 461 60 465 20 87 468 70 472 40 476 00 479 80 483 40 88 487 10 491 00 494 70 498 50 502 20 89 506 10 510 00 513 90 517 80 521 80 90 525 76 529 77 533 80 537 86 541 95 91 546 05 550 18 554 35 558 53 562 75 92 566 99 571 26 575 55 579 87 584 22 93 588 60 593 00 597 43 601 89 606 38 94 610 90 615 44 620 01 624 61 629 24 95 633 90 638 59 643 30 648 05 652 82 96 657 62 662 45 667 31 672 20 677 12 97 682 07 687 04 692 05 697 10 702 17 98 707 27 712 40 717 56 722 75 727 98 99 733 24 738 53 743 85 749 20 754 58 100 760 00 765 45 770 93 776 44 782 00 101 787 57 793 18 798 82 804 50 810 21 A 18 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 Table A 2 Maximum Gas Flow Rates Based on the physical characteristics of air at a temperature of 77 F and a pressure of I atm the following flow rates will produce the maximum allowable gas stream linear velocity of 10 000 cm sec in the corresponding pipe sizes Inside Pipe Diameter in Gas Flow Rate cfm 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 0 10 0 11 0 12 0 7 27 60 107 429 966 1 718 2
29. 2 28 Delta F Oxygen Cell Background Gas Correction Factors 2 29 Correcting for Different Background Gases c cn a 2 29 Entering the Current Multiple es ana 2 30 EITORDESELIDHORIS Hat cias a A DIS DR E de vico o Res ER EN 2 32 RANGE ERFOES ias EESE ied i ers rue hein LEM LTD Ern alt aed Mer EH 2 32 Signal EOS eane reddo p AE eet C MED OM CLP ni de Ee hist 2 32 Calibration Erro Seain e etie beet iu 2 32 Loading NeW SONORE es are dau tete ar ees ar SEA e ee 2 33 vi February 2005 s s Table of Contents cont Appendix A Application of the Hygrometer 900 901D1 AERO SCHON EE So Ree RAR ER en te A A 1 ORS UES Monitor klin esse sen A 2 PFESSUNE nach se EL A 3 Response cm A 3 TempetdtUre c psa statins otis pese a Pr ar paar A 4 ER EEE EN LEM E DM ME du CN EE A 4 COMMIS e eod re E o AO REFER E PCI RENE RERO deer urea e A 5 Non conductive Partisrllgtes s utem i am mn P UE coach oat UR CHR UBER US A 5 Conductive Partic lates asne a ed eias oa Sa Podcast tet dedicati aure A 6 COrroSiVe Particulates cseteris in ee dea bea Lat det Lebe ded a eos A 6 Aluminum Oxide Probe Malhteribice ss ido m pU edu USA PAR OQ KU SAP eor datei A 7 Corrosiv Cases And EIOBIdS sss 2440526 bU LEO OE Guest 265 ot bebes dee bouem od A 9 Materials at CORSI THCEIQE isrener stata ee rea ebat erecpbeietadio e ER A 10 Calculations and Useful Formulas in Gas Applications A 11 peius epigr
30. 68 970 69 690 70 410 71 140 45 71 880 72 620 73 360 74 120 74 880 46 75 650 76 430 77 210 78 000 78 800 47 79 600 80 410 81 230 82 050 82 870 48 83 710 84 560 85 420 86 280 87 140 49 88 020 88 900 89 790 90 690 91 590 50 92 51 93 50 94 40 95 30 96 30 51 97 20 98 20 99 10 100 10 101 10 52 102 09 103 10 104 10 105 10 106 20 53 107 20 108 20 109 30 110 40 111 40 54 112 51 113 60 114 70 115 80 116 90 55 118 04 119 10 120 30 121 50 122 60 56 123 80 125 00 126 20 127 40 128 60 57 129 82 131 00 132 30 133 50 134 70 58 136 08 137 30 138 50 139 90 141 20 59 142 60 143 90 145 20 146 60 148 00 60 149 38 150 70 152 10 153 50 155 00 61 156 43 157 80 159 30 160 80 162 30 62 163 77 165 20 166 80 168 30 169 80 63 171 38 172 90 174 50 176 10 177 70 64 179 31 180 90 182 50 184 20 185 80 65 187 54 189 20 190 90 192 60 194 30 66 196 09 197 80 199 50 201 30 203 10 67 204 96 206 80 208 60 210 50 212 30 68 214 17 216 00 218 00 219 90 221 80 69 223 73 225 70 227 70 229 70 231 70 70 233 70 235 70 237 70 239 70 241 80 71 243 90 246 00 248 20 250 30 252 40 72 254 60 256 80 259 00 261 20 263 40 73 265 70 268 00 270 20 272 60 274 80 74 277 20 279 40 281 80 284 20 286 60 75 289 10 291 50 294 00 296 40 298 80 76 301 40 303 80 306 40 308 90 311 40 77 314 10 316 60 319 20 322 00 324 60 78 327 30 330 00 332 80 335 60 338 20 79 341 00 343 80 346 60 349 40 352 20 80 355 10 358 00 361 00 363 80 366 80 81 369 70 372 60 375 60 378 80 381 80 82 384 90 388 00 391 20 394 40 397 4
31. 684 3 865 5 261 6 871 8 697 10 737 12 991 15 461 Table A 3 Maximum Liquid Flow Rates Based on the physical characteristics of benzene at a temperature of 77 F the following flow rates will produce the maximum allowable fluid linear velocity of 10 cm sec in the corresponding pipe sizes Inside Pipe Diameter in Flow Rate gal hr Flow Rate l hr 0 25 3 11 0 50 12 46 0 75 27 103 1 0 48 182 2 0 193 730 3 0 434 1 642 4 0 771 2 919 5 0 1 205 4 561 6 0 1 735 6 567 7 0 2 361 8 939 8 0 3 084 11 675 9 0 3 903 14 776 10 0 4 819 18 243 11 0 5 831 22 074 12 0 6 939 26 269 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 ee 10 000 8 000 10 000 6 000 8 000 5 000 4 000 6 000 5 000 3 000 4 000 2 000 3 000 2 000 1 500 1 000 800 600 500 400 300 200 150 100 80 60 50 40 30 DEW FROST POINT F DEW FROST POINT C PRESSURE PSIG PRESSURE ATMOSPHERES MOISTURE CONTENT PPM by volume Figure A 1 Moisture Content Nomograph for Gases A 20 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 Comparison of PPMy Calculations There are three basic methods for determining the moisture content of a gas in PPMy the calculations described in this appendix calculations performed with the slide rule device that is provided with each hygrometer values determined from tabulated vapor pressures For comparison pur
32. 9 976 10 109 10 244 10 380 12 10 518 10 658 10 799 10 941 11 085 13 11231 11 379 11 528 11 680 11 833 14 11 987 12 144 12 302 12 462 12 624 15 12 788 12 953 13 121 13 290 13 461 16 13 634 13 809 13 987 14 166 14 347 17 14 530 14 715 14 903 15 092 15 284 18 15 477 15 673 15 871 16 071 16 272 19 16 477 16 685 16 894 17 105 17 319 20 17 535 17 753 17 974 18 197 18 422 21 18 650 18 880 19 113 19 349 19 587 22 19 827 20 070 20 316 20 565 20 815 23 21 068 21 324 21 583 21 845 22 110 24 22 377 22 648 22 922 23 198 23 476 25 23 756 24 039 24 326 24 617 24 912 26 25 209 25 509 25 812 26 117 26 426 27 26 739 27 055 27 374 27 696 28 021 28 28 349 28 680 29 015 29 354 29 697 29 30 043 30 392 30 745 31 102 31 461 30 31 824 32 191 32 561 32 934 33 312 31 33 695 34 082 34 471 34 864 35 261 32 35 663 36 068 36 477 36 891 37 308 33 37 729 38 155 38 584 39 018 39 457 34 39 898 40 344 40 796 41 251 41 710 35 42 175 42 644 43 117 43 595 44 078 36 44 563 45 054 45 549 46 050 46 556 37 47 067 47 582 48 102 48 627 49 157 38 49 692 50 231 50 774 51 323 51 879 39 52 442 53 009 53 580 54 156 54 737 40 55 324 55 910 56 510 57 110 57 720 41 58 340 58 960 59 580 60 220 60 860 A 16 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 Table A 1 Vapor Pressure of Water cont Aqueous Vapor Pressure Over Water cont Temp C 0 0 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 42 61 500 62 140 62 800 63 460 64 120 43 64 800 65 480 66 160 66 860 67 560 44 68 260
33. C GASES PE A 19 Cable Precautions 1 3 Liquids VEM M ME an a A 19 Cables Monitoring Hints A 4 Calibration Adjustment 1 22 Calculations A 11 G Calibration Gases Empirical 22a A 28 COMMOSIVE nn or AR S Ed A 6 Making Adjustments for Cables 1 22 Flow Rates A 19 Replacing Probes 2 25 Calibration Errors ise er de hess 2 32 H Channel Card High and Low Reference Values Installing 2 19 Reference Values 2 21 Common Problems 2 11 Communications Port Connecting 1 20 Contaminants A 5 Inputs Corrosive Substances A 6 Connecting 1 17 Moisture Probes 1 9 Oxygen Cells css es peines 1 9 Pressure Sensors 1 9 Installation Channel Card 2 19 Electrical Connections 1 17 Instrument Program Replacing oer rere 0 08 2 14 Index 1 February 2005 Index cont L Linear Memory Card 2 14 Liquids Applications A 22 COTTOSIV unsre dag dete ote A 6 Flow Rates A 19 Loading New Software 2 33 M Maintenance Channel Card Installing 2 19 Instrument Program Replacing 2 14 Oxygen Cel
34. C is 101 PPM y Using a straightedge on Figure A 2 on page A 32 connect the 101 PPMy saturation concentration with the 20 C ambient temperature and read the Henry s Law Constant of 5 75 on the center scale Using the straightedge connect the above K value of 5 75 with the measured dew point of 0 C and read the correct moisture content of 26 PPM where the straightedge crosses the moisture content scale 4 Find the moisture content in an unknown organic liquid at an ambient temperature of 50 C if a dew point of 10 C is measured with the GE Panametrics hygrometer d Either perform a Karl Fischer analysis on a sample of the liquid or obtain a dry sample of the liquid Either use the PPMy determined by the Karl Fischer analysis or add a known amount of water i e 10 PPMy to the dry sample Measure the dew point of the known test sample with the GE Panametrics hygrometer For purposes of this example assume the measured dew point to be 10 C Using a straightedge on the nomograph in Figure A 2 on page A 32 connect the known 10 PPMy moisture content with the measured dew point of 10 C and read a K value of 5 1 on the center scale Using the straightedge connect the above K value of 5 1 with the measured 10 C dew point of the original liquid and read the actual moisture content of 47 PPM y on the left scale A 26 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 B Sp
35. DEM transfer protocol 11 Select the file to send the file that was saved to the PC hard drive The File transfer will commence Once the file is successfully transferred the meter will reboot and load the new software Note Once the software is loaded into the MMS 3 it will be necessary to reprogram the configuration data references recorders alarms logs etc see the previous sections in this manual After reprogramming is complete the MMS 3 is ready for operation 2 32 Troubleshooting and Maintenance Appendix A Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E Introduction 5s onore ees a au Do eR le DR Rd A 1 Moisture Monitor Hints A 2 Contaminants s sa uade en ine MI tt ate AN a A 5 Aluminum Oxide Probe Maintenance A 7 Corrosive Gases And Liquids A 9 Materials of Construction a Zu A 10 Calculations and Useful Formulas in Gas Applications A 11 Liquid Applications ea A 22 Empirical Calibrations sea een let A 28 Solids Applications rss RC ER RRT S Vas eh Va Ra A 34 February 2005 Introduction This appendix contains general information about moisture monitoring techniques System contaminants moisture probe maintenance process applications and other considerations for ensuring accurate moisture measurements are discussed The following specific topics are covered Moisture Mon
36. Figure 1 8 Pressure Transducer Cable Assembly Installing Optional Features 1 11 February 2005 Connecting Pressure The Series 3 accepts two types of pressure transmitters Transmitters Note Optional auxiliary inputs are required e Two wire or loop powered transmitter this is always a 4 to 20 mA system Four wire or self powered transmitter this can be either a current or voltage output system Connect the pressure transmitter to the designated pins on the AUX terminal block Pin connections include at least one of the auxiliary inputs pin 1 or 2 see Figure 1 9 below Note Because you are connecting the sensor to one of the auxiliary inputs you must set the corresponding auxiliary switch to either current or voltage refer to Setting Input Switches on page 1 15 Use the appropriate section that follows to connect a pressure transmitter to the Series 3 2 OZ Or of O OT C O1 Loop Powered D D u D e Q D o RIN 1 2 24V U Source Auxiliary Inputs Figure 1 9 AUX Terminal Block Pin Designations 1 12 Installing Optional Features February 2005 Connecting the Two Wire or Loop Powered Transmitter Use a two wire non shielded cable to make connections to the terminal block labeled AUX on the back of the electronics unit refer to Figure 1 10 below Use Table 1 4 below to make the proper pin connections Note Twisted pair cab
37. GE Infrastructure Sensing Moisture Monitor Series 3 Panametrics Hygrometer Service Manual GE Infrastructure Sensing Moisture Monitor Series 3 Panametrics Hygrometer Service Manual 910 110SB February 2005 Moisture Monitor is a GE Panametrics product GE Panametrics has joined other GE high technology sensing businesses under a new name GE Infrastructure Sensing February 2005 Warranty Return Policy Each instrument manufactured by GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship Liability under this warranty is limited to restoring the instrument to normal operation or replacing the instrument at the sole discretion of GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc Fuses and batteries are specifically excluded from any liability This warranty is effective from the date of delivery to the original purchaser If GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc determines that the equipment was defective the warranty period is one year for general electronic failures of the instrument one year for mechanical failures of the sensor If GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc determines that the equipment was damaged by misuse improper installation the use of unauthorized replacement parts or operating conditions outside the guidelines specified by GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc the repairs are not covered under this warranty The warranties set forth herein are exclusive and a
38. H T P AUXIP brackets to O and press YES System Menu 1 Use the arrow keys to move the 4 CURVES CONSTANTP brackets to CURVES and press YES O2 Curve Menu 1 Use the arrow keys to move the S N CURVE BkGd brackets to BkGd and press YES O2 uA Multiplier Use the numeric keys to enter the 1 00 Current Multiplier Press YES to confirm your entry To exit press the RUN key Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 29 February 2005 Table 2 6 Background Gas Current Multipliers Current Multipliers Background Gas Up to 1000 PPM Argon Ar 5000 10 000 PPM 2 5 to 10 Hydrogen H gt Helium He Methane CH Ethane CH Propylene C3H6 Propane CH Butene C4Hg Butane C H Butadiene CgH Acetylene C2H3 Hexane CgH u Cyclohexane C6H12 Vinyl Chloride CH CHCI Vinylidene Chloride CHF Neon Ne Xenon Xe Krypton Kr Sulfur Hexaflouride SF Freon 318 C Fg Tetrafluoromethane CF4 Carbon Monoxide CO 2 50 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Error Descriptions Range Errors Signal Errors Calibration Errors Range Errors occur when an input signal that is within the capacity of the analyzer exceeds the calibration range of the probe The Series 3 displays Range Errors with an Over Rng or Under Rng message The error condition
39. Moisture Content Test Apparatus Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 33 February 2005 Solids Applications A In Line Measurements Moisture probes may be installed in line to continuously monitor the drying process of a solid Install one sensor at the process system inlet to monitor the moisture content of the drying gas and install a second sensor at the process system outlet to monitor the moisture content of the discharged gas When the two sensors read the same or close to the same dew point the drying process is complete For example a system of this type has been used successfully to monitor the drying of photographic film If one wishes to measure the absolute moisture content of the solid at any time during such a process then an empirical calibration is required 1 Ata particular set of operating conditions i e flow rate temperature and pressure the hygrometer dew point reading can be calibrated against solids samples with known moisture contents 2 Assuming the operating conditions are relatively constant the hygrometer dew point reading can be noted and a solids sample withdrawn for laboratory analysis 3 Repeat this procedure until a calibration curve over the desired moisture content range has been developed Once such a curve has been developed the hygrometer can then be used to continuously monitor the moisture content of the solid as long as operating conditions are relatively constant
40. Using a straightedge connect the above K value with the measured temperature C of the test solution and read the saturation concentration PPM y Note Since the values of K and Cs vary with temperature the hygrometer measurement and the test sample analysis must be done at the same temperature If the moisture probe temperature is expected to vary the test should be performed at more than one temperature A 24 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 B Special Case As mentioned earlier saturated straight chain hydrocarbons represent a special case where the Henry s Law constant does not vary appreciably with temperature In such cases use the nomograph for liquids in Figure A 2 on page A 32 to complete the analysis Determination of moisture content if the Henry s Law constant K is known 1 Using a straightedge connect the known K value on the center scale with the dew frost point as measured with the hygrometer 2 Read moisture content PPM where the straightedge crosses the scale on the left Typical Problems 1 Find the moisture content in benzene at an ambient temperature of 30 C if a dew point of 0 C is measured with the hygrometer a From the literature it is found that Cs for benzene at a temperature of 30 C is 870 PPMw b Using a straightedge on Figure A 2 on page A 32 connect the 870 PPMy saturation concentration with the 30 C ambient temperature and read th
41. WARNING Division 2 applications may require special installation Consult the National Electric Code for proper installation requirements The analyzer must be configured in a suitable enclosure and installed according to the applicable sections of the National Electric Code Article 500 that pertain to the hazardous environment in which the electronics will be used Note The power line is the main disconnect device However GE Infrastructure Sensing does not provide power supply cords with CSA Div 2 hygrometers IMPORTANT For compliance with the EU s Low Voltage Directive IEC 1010 this unit requires an external power disconnect device such as a switch or circuit breaker The disconnect device must be marked as such clearly visible directly accessible and located within 1 8 m 6 ft of the Series 3 STD TF PROBE D 1 2 AMP oO O1 BR ND HAZARDOUS AREA CONNECTIONS oO ONOV BR OUN 1 2 3 4 5 CHANNEL 2 ALMA ALM B NO C NCRIN NO o oO 9g N o o AU 1 o o C o REC x A 5s RIN1 2 o 0 0 24V o o o o 0 o o0 go I
42. YSTEM and press YES Measurement Mode 1 You only need to enter reference O H T P AUX1 gt data for moisture oxygen and or pressure Use the arrow keys to move to the desired measurement mode and press YES Refer to Table 2 4 on page 2 21 for a list of available measurement modes 2 20 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Entering Channel Card Reference Values cont Table 2 4 Measurement Modes Display Abbreviation Measurement Mode O Oxygen Hygrometry Temperature Pressure Auxiliary 1 AUX2 Auxiliary 2 CONSTANT PPMV PPMv Multiplication Factor System Menu 1 Use the arrow keys to move the CONFIG REF brackets to REF and press YES IMPORTANT Make sure you have selected the correct channel before you proceed Press the CHAN key to select the desired channel The remaining prompts depend on the measurement mode you selected Refer to one of the following sections to properly program your unit Entering Moisture Reference Data below Entering Oxygen Reference Data on page 2 22 Entering Pressure Reference Data on page 2 23 Note You do not have to enter reference data for temperature auxiliary 1 auxiliary 2 or constant ppmv Entering Moisture Reference Data MH Hi Ref Lo Ref 1 Enter the low reference value 0 1660 0 0000 Press YES and press the left arrow key MH Hi Ref Lo Ref 1 Enter the high reference value 0 1660 2 9335 and press VES Note The
43. aight off not at an angle make cable connections while the connector is away from the unit and push the connector straight on not at an angle when the wiring is complete 4 20 mA Transmitter Loop Powered 4 20 mA Transmitter Self Powered Voltage Output Signal Figure 1 13 Auxiliary Input Connections Installing Optional Features 1 17 February 2005 Accessing Channel Cards After making auxiliary input connections you must set switch block S1 on the Series 3 channel card for current or voltage input as described in the following sections 1 Remove the screws on the front panel and slide the electronics unit out of its enclosure 2 Remove the retainer bar by removing the two screws on the outside of the chassis see Figure 1 14 below 3 Remove the channel card by sliding it straight up Channel Cards BATTERY PAK CONTROLIER Retainer Bar POWER SUPPLY CHANNEL p Top View Figure 1 14 Location of Channel Cards 4 Locate switch block S1 see Figure 1 12 on page 1 16 for switch S1 location Switch block S1 has two switches 1 for Auxiliary 1 and 2 for Auxiliary 2 5 Set the switches in one of two positions ON for current or OFF for voltage 1 18 Installing Optional Features February 2005 Replacing the Channel Card 1 Once switches are set replace the channel card Note Jf you intend to connect another type
44. ase the sensor impedance will cause an erroneously high dew point reading The most common particulates of this type are carbon from furnaces iron scale from pipe walls and glycol droplets from glycol based dehydrators If the system contains conductive particulates it is advisable to install a PTFE or stainless steel filter in the fluid stream Note Sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide particulates are typical of this category Since the active sensor element is constructed of aluminum any material that corrodes aluminum will deleteriously affect the operation of the moisture probe Furthermore a combination of this type of particulate with water will cause pitting or severe corrosion of the sensor element In such instances the sensor cannot be cleaned or repaired and the probe must be replaced Obviously the standard moisture probe can not be used in such applications unless the complete removal of such part by adequate filtration is assured A 6 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 Aluminum Oxide Probe Maintenance Other than periodic calibration checks little or no routine moisture probe maintenance is required However as discussed in the previous section any electrically conductive contaminant trapped on the aluminum oxide sensor will cause inaccurate moisture measurements If such a situation develops return of the moisture probe to the factory for analysis and recalibration is reco
45. bee prd e t Pee ee deleipa ee pes 1 22 February 2005 Ss Table of Contents cont Chapter 2 Troubleshooting and Maintenance WUROCIUCTOW cote ee a D N Sa cial Res hh 2 1 TESTING AIOE Bellen He er He el teh de tae Rk 2 2 Testing Recorder Opus ee Rt Sal a le 2 3 Trimming Recorder Oto Mts cock bis MH ke 2 5 Screen MESSAGES na sun asada sie SAU an a Reg abe IS RU Ede sale 2 8 COMMON PEOBISIIS S oracio em een een I ae ee A Gece de ee 2 11 Delta F Oxygen Cell Electrolyte sn edge 2 13 Checking the Electrolyte bevel Lin ae aa PEE E PN E a 2 13 isepienishilig the ETectroljbes ira ucro o rte O se 2 13 Adding Removing a PCMCIA Card eic Len t c t ar Cte dadas Lee res 2 14 Rechorgirich the Battery POG 1253 eps peel ee er s ote t itd M ees 2 17 Installing channel are obedire DEI es 2 19 Entering Channel Card Reference Values 2 21 Entering Moisture Reference Data 2 lace d eg ely ge 2 22 Entering Oxygen Reference Data cit sale ea ea ee deta eels 2 23 Entering Pressure Reference Data 2 24 Replacing and Recalibrating Moisture Probes 2 25 Recolibrating the Pressure Sensors een ar M ees ein 2 25 Calibrating the Delta F Oxygen Celle mn mer lese 2 26 Checking the Oxygen Cell Calibration 00 ccc cece cence eee nen e eens 2 26 Entering the New Spani Valle ana an er be pem Ro Dee Ea MAT DURER ORA
46. carrier gas Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 13 February 2005 Weight of Water per Unit Occasionally the moisture content of a gas is expressed in terms of Weight of Carrier Gas the weight of water per unit weight of carrier gas In such a case the unit of measure defined by the following equation is the most commonly used grains of water _ My x Pw E Ib of gas 000 M x Py A 7 For ambient air at 1 atm of pressure the above equation reduces to the following grains of water _ E org gt 5 72 x Py A 8 A 14 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 Table A 1 Vapor Pressure of Water Note Ifthe dew frost point is known the table will yield the partial water vapor pressure Py in mm of Hg If the ambient or actual gas temperature is known the table will yield the saturated water vapor pressure Ps in mm of Hg Water Vapor Pressure Over Ice Temp C 0 2 4 6 8 90 0 000070 0 000048 0 000033 0 000022 0 000015 80 0 00040 0 00029 0 00020 0 00014 0 00010 70 0 00194 0 00143 0 00105 0 00077 0 00056 60 0 00808 0 00614 0 00464 0 00349 0 00261 50 0 02955 0 0230 0 0178 0 0138 0 0106 40 0 0966 0 0768 0 0609 0 0481 0 0378 30 0 2859 0 2318 0 1873 0 1507 0 1209 Temp C 0 0 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 29 0 317 0 311 0 304 0 298 0 292 28 0 351 0 344 0 337 0 330 0 324 27 0 389 0 381 0 374 0 366 0 359 26 0 430 0 422 0 414 0 405 0 397 25 0 476 0 467 0 457 0 448
47. ccessible without cutting back the cable insulation Also do not ground the shield at both ends You should only ground the shield at the hygrometer electronics Installing Optional Features 1 3 February 2005 Connecting the Recorder Outputs Accessing the Channel Cards The Series 3 has two optically isolated recorder outputs These outputs provide either a current or voltage signal which you set using switch blocks on the channel card Although the Series 3 is configured at the factory you should check the switch block positions before making connections Use the following steps to check or reset these switch settings 1 Remove the screws on the front panel and slide the electronics unit out of its enclosure 2 Remove the retainer bar by removing the two screws on the outside of the chassis see Figure 1 2 below 3 Remove the desired channel card see Figure 1 2 below by sliding it straight up Channel Cards Retainer Bar Screw p di Top View Figure 1 2 Channel Cards Location 1 4 Installing Optional Features February 2005 Setting the Switch Blocks 1 Locate switch blocks S2 and S3 see Figure 1 3 below Switch block S2 controls the output signal for Recorder A and switch block S3 controls the output signal for Recorder B 2 Set the switches in the appropriate positions I for current or V for voltage Replacing the Channel 1 Once the switches are set replace the channel card
48. cells uses nitrogen as the reference background gas The Series 3 will measure oxygen incorrectly if the transport rate of oxygen through the cell diffusion barrier is different than the cell is calibrated for Therefore if you want to use a background gas other than nitrogen you must recalibrate the Series 3 for the desired gas The Series 3 can easily be recalibrated for a number of different background gases Correct your system for the appropriate background gas by referring to Table 2 6 on page 2 30 and entering the correct current multiplier into the Oxygen Probe Calibration section of the System Calibration Menu A detailed explanation and description of this process follows Note Jn order to use the current multipliers in this appendix your calibration data sheet should contain calibration data for nitrogen If your calibration data sheet contains data for a background gas other than nitrogen contact the factory for the nitrogen calibration sheet A single Background Gas Correction Factor based on the reference nitrogen measurement can be derived for each background gas because in practice the diffusion rate for a typical background gas is stable and predictable and because the cell s response is linear The current multiplier that is entered into the Oxygen Probe Calibration section is the inverse of this Background Gas Correction Factor For example Table 2 5 below represents the calibration values tw
49. contaminated N A Clean sensor and sensor shield as described Playing the with conductive particles in Appendix A Then reinstall sensor dew frost refer to Appendix A point Improper cable N A Check cable connections to both the probe connection and the Series 3 2 10 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Table 2 3 Troubleshooting Guide for Common Problems cont System Symptom Possible Cause Response Action Screen always Open circuit on sensor N A Return probe to GE Infrastructure Sensing reads the for evaluation driest lowest Non conductive material is N A Clean sensor and sensor shield as described programmed trapped under contact arm in Appendix A Then reinstall sensor If low moisture of sensor reading persists return the probe to GE calibration Infrastructure Sensing for evaluation value while dis proper cable N A Check cable connections to both the probe Playing the connection and the Series 3 dew frost point Slow outgassing of N A Replace the system components with stain system less steel or electro polished stainless steel Sensor is contaminated N A Clean the sensor and sensor shield as Slow response with non conductive particles refer to Appendix A described in Appendix A Then reinstall the sensor Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 11 February 2005 Delta F Oxygen Cell Electrolyte Checking the Electrolyte Level Replenishing the Electrolyte
50. ducted in either of two ways perform a Karl Fischer analysis on several unknown test samples of different water content prepare a series of known test samples via the addition of water to a quantity of dry liquid In the latter case it is important to be sure that the solutions have reached equilibrium before proceeding with the dew point measurements Note Karl Fischer analysis is a method for measuring trace quantities of water by titrating the test sample against a special Karl Fischer reagent until a color change from yellow to brown or a change in potential indicates that the end point has been reached Either of the empirical calibration techniques described above can be conducted using an apparatus equivalent to that shown in Figure A 3 on page A 33 The apparatus pictured can be used for both the Karl Fischer titrations of unknown test samples and the preparation of test samples with known moisture content Procedures for both of these techniques are presented below A 28 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 A Instructions for Karl To perform a Karl Fischer analysis use the apparatus in Figure A 3 Fischer Analysis on page A 33 and complete the following steps 1 2 Fill the glass bottle completely with the sample liquid Close both valves and turn on the magnetic stirrer Permit sufficient time for the entire test apparatus and the sample liquid to reach equilibrium with the amb
51. e Henry s Law Constant of 27 4 on the center scale c Using the straightedge connect the above K value of 27 4 with the measured dew point of 0 C and read the correct moisture content of 125 PPM y where the straightedge crosses the moisture content scale 2 Find the moisture content in heptane at an ambient temperature of 50 C if a dew point of 3 C is measured with the hygrometer a From the literature it is found that Cg for heptane at a temperature of 50 C is 480 PPM y b Using a straightedge on Figure A 2 on page A 32 connect the 480 PPM saturation concentration with the 50 C ambient temperature and read the Henry s Law Constant of 5 2 on the center scale c Using the straightedge connect the above K value of 5 2 with the measured dew point of 3 C and read the correct moisture content of 29 PPM where the straightedge crosses the moisture content scale Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 25 February 2005 B Special Case cont Note fthe saturation concentration at the desired ambient temperature can not be found for any of these special case hydrocarbons the value at any other temperature may be used because K is constant over a large temperature range 3 Find the moisture content in hexane at an ambient temperature of 10 C if a dew point of 0 C is measured with the GE Panametrics hygrometer a From the literature it is found that Cs for hexane at a temperature of 20
52. e Hygrometer 900 901E A 23 February 2005 A General Case cont Complete the following steps to determine the moisture content from the nomograph 1 Using a straightedge on the two scales on the right of the figure connect the known saturation concentration PPMy with the measurement temperature C 2 Read the Henry s Law constant K on the center scale 3 Using a straightedge connect above K value with the dew frost point as measured with the GE Panametrics hygrometer 4 Read the moisture content PPMw where the straight edge crosses the moisture content scale Empirical Determination of K and Cs If the values of K and Cs are not known the hygrometer can be used to determine these values In fact only one of the values is required to determine PPMy from the nomograph in Figure A 2 on page A 32 To perform such an analysis proceed as follows 1 Obtain a sample of the test solution with a known water content or perform a Karl Fischer titration on a sample of the test stream to determine the PPMy of water Note The Karl Fischer analysis involves titrating the test sample against a special Karl Fischer reagent until an endpoint is reached 2 Measure the dew point of the known sample with the hygrometer 3 Measure the temperature C of the test solution 4 Using a straightedge connect the moisture content PPMw with the measured dew point and read the K value on the center scale 5
53. e value of K is determined from the known water saturation concentration of the organic liquid at the measurement temperature Saturation PPM gt b For a mixture of organic liquids an average saturation value can be calculated from the weight fractions and saturation values of the pure components as follows Ave Cs Y X C c i 1 where X is the weight fraction of the jh component Cs is the saturation concentration PPM of the i component and n is the total number of components In conclusion the Henry s Law constant K is a constant of proportionality between the saturation concentration Cs and the saturation vapor pressure Ps of water at the measurement temperature In the General Case the Henry s Law constant varies with the measurement temperature but there is a Special Case in which the Henry s Law constant does not vary appreciably with the measurement temperature This special case applies to saturated straight chain hydrocarbons such as pentane hexane heptane etc Determination of Moisture Content if Cs is Known The nomograph for liquids in Figure A 2 on page A 32 can be used to determine the moisture content in an organic liquid if the following values are known the temperature of the liquid at the time of measurement the saturation water concentration at the measurement temperature the dew point as measured with the aluminum oxide hygrometer Application of th
54. easing the total pressure of the gas will proportionally increase the partial pressures of the various components The relationship between dew point total pressure and PPM is provided in nomographic form in Figure A 1 on page A 20 Note The nomograph shown in Figure A I on page A 20 is applicable only to gases Do not apply it to liquids To compute the moisture content for any ideal gas at a given pressure refer to Figure A 1 on page A 20 Using a straightedge connect the dew point as measured with the aluminum oxide hygrometer with the known system pressure Read the moisture content in PPMy where the straightedge crosses the moisture content scale 1 Find the water content in a nitrogen gas stream if a dew point of 20 C is measured and the pressure is 60 psig Solution In Figure A 1 on page A 20 connect 60 psig on the Pressure scale with 20 C on the Dew Frost Point scale Read 200 PPMy on the Moisture Content scale 2 Find the expected dew frost point for a helium gas stream having a measured moisture content of 1000 PPM and a system pressure of 0 52 atm Solution In Figure A 1 on page A 20 connect 1000 PPM on the Moisture Content scale with 0 52 atm on the Pressure scale Read the expected frost point of 27 C on the Dew Frost Point scale Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 Parts per Million by Weight Relative Humidity Weight of Water per Unit Volume of Carrier Gas T
55. ecial Case cont Note The saturation value at 50 C for this liquid could also have been determined by connecting the K value of 5 1 with the ambient temperature of 50 C and reading a value of 475 PPMy on the right scale For many applications a knowledge of the absolute moisture content of the liquid is not required Either the dew point of the liquid or its percent saturation is the only value needed For such applications the saturation value for the liquid need not be known The hygrometer can be used directly to determine the dew point and then the percent saturation can be calculated from the vapor pressures of water at the measured dew point and at the ambient temperature of the liquid P Saturation x 100 x 100 Cy P Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 27 February 2005 Empirical Calibrations For those liquids in which a Henry s Law type analysis is not applicable the absolute moisture content is best determined by empirical calibration A Henry s Law type analysis is generally not applicable for the following classes of liquids liquids with a high saturation value 2 by weight of water or greater liquids such as dioxane that are completely miscible with water liquids such as isopropyl alcohol that are conductive For such liquids measurements of the hygrometer dew point readings for solutions of various known water concentrations must be performed Such a calibration can be con
56. ectrical output of the aluminum oxide sensor is a function of the measured water vapor pressure When using the aluminum oxide sensor in non polar liquids having water concentrations lt 1 by weight Henry s Law is generally applicable Henry s Law states that at constant temperature the mass of a gas dissolved in a given volume of liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in the system Stated in terms pertinent to this discussion it can be said that the PPMy of water in hydrocarbon liquids is equal to the partial pressure of water vapor in the system times a constant As discussed above an aluminum oxide sensor can be directly immersed in a hydrocarbon liquid to measure the equivalent dew point Since the dew point is functionally related to the vapor pressure of the water a determination of the dew point will allow one to calculate the PPMy of water in the liquid by a Henry s Law type analysis A specific example of such an analysis is shown below For liquids in which a Henry s Law type analysis is applicable the parts per million by weight of water in the organic liquid is equal to the partial pressure of water vapor times a constant PPM Kx Py a where K is the Henry s Law constant in the appropriate units and the other variables are as defined on page A 11 A 22 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 Henry s Law Type Analysis cont A General Case Also th
57. ed Your unit is equipped with a battery pack None None The Series 3 is charging the battery pack None None Cal Err See Calibration Error Description on page 2 31 During Auto Cal an internal reference is found to be outside its acceptable range Signal Error has occurred Alarms and recorders respond as programmed Refer to page 2 31 Make sure the analyzer is grounded properly Reseat the channel card Follow the first four steps in Installing a Channel Card on page 2 18 Remove source of Signal Error and attempt another Auto Cal Contact GE Infrastructure Sensing CHANNEL NOT AVAILABLE No channel card is installed at the position selected Select a different channel EH measurement mode Fluid Low Computer Enhanced Response is activated Fluid level in the Delta F Oxygen Cell is low Add fluid to the cell as described on page 2 12 KD or KH measurement mode A constant dew point is being used None KT measurement mode A constant temperature is being used None None KP measurement mode A constant pressure is being used None None Log is Full No option board installed The Series 3 memory is full There is no option board installed in your unit The Series 3 continues to log but does not store the data in the memory If you have an external display device con nected to the unit the l
58. em do not b marking for the Pressure Equipment Directive as they are supplied in accordance with Article 3 Section 3 engineering practices and codes of good workmanship of the Pressure Equipment Directive 97 23 EC for ear CE sound DN 25 Shannon July 1 2003 p m ML Mr James Gibson GENERAL MANAGER NSAI C LS ENISO002 T V ESSEN Shannon ISO 9001 U S CERT DOC H2 August 2004 DECLARATION Sensing DE CONFORMITE Nous Panametrics Limited Shannon Industrial Estate Shannon County Clare Ireland d clarons sous notre propre responsabilit que les Moisture Image Series 1 Analyzer Moisture Image Series 2 Analyzer Moisture Monitor Series 3 Analyzer r latif cette d claration sont en conformit avec les documents suivants e EN 50014 1997 A1 A2 1999 e EN 50020 1994 e 1 G EEx ia IIC BASO1ATEX7097 Baseefa 2001 Ltd EECS Buxton SK17 9JN UK e EN 61326 1998 Class A Annex A Continuous Unmonitored Operation EN 61010 1 1993 A2 1995 Overvoltage Category II Pollution Degree 2 suivant les r gles de la Directive de Compatibilit Electromagn tique 89 336 EEC de la Directive Basse Tension 73 23 EEC et d ATEX 94 9 EC Les mat riels list s ci dessus ainsi que les capteurs et les systemes d chantillonnages pouvant tre livr s avec ne portent pas le marquage CE de la directive des quipements sous pression car ils sont fournis en accord avec la directive 97 23 EC des quipements s
59. eries 3 off and unplug the main AC power cord IWARNING Remove power by disconnecting the main AC power cord before proceeding with this procedure 2 To access the channel cards remove the screws on the front panel and slide the electronics unit out of its enclosure Caution Channel cards can be damaged by static electricity Observe ESD handling precautions 3 Remove the retainer bar by removing the two screws on the outside of the chassis see Figure 2 4 below BATTERY PAK Retainer Bar POWER SUPPLY Channel Cards Screw Figure 2 4 Channel Cards Location 2 18 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Installing a Channel Card 4 cont Remove the old channel card by pulling the board straight up see Figure 2 4 on page 2 18 Insert the new channel card into the vacant slot Push down on the board and make sure it makes contact with the connectors on the bottom of the unit Replace the retainer bar Make sure the slots on the retainer bar are seated correctly against the printed circuit boards Secure the bar with two screws Replace the cover on the electronics unit Make sure when you are sliding the electronics into the enclosure the electronics line up with the sliding guides on the inside of the enclosure Replace the screws in the front panel Do not over tighten the screws You have completed installing the channel card Enter the calibration data as described i
60. erminal Blocks Figure 1 4 REC Terminal Block Locations 1 6 Installing Optional Features February 2005 Connecting Alarms You can order the Series 3 with optional high and low alarm relays Hermetically sealed alarm relays are also available Bach alarm relay is a single pole double throw relay that contains the following contacts see Figure 1 5 on the next page normally closed NC armature contacts C normally open NO Make connections for the high and low alarm relays on the desired channel s terminal blocks labeled ALM A and ALM B on the back panel of the electronics unit Use Table 1 2 below to make high and low alarm connections See Figure 1 6 on page 1 8 for the terminal block locations IMPORTANT To maintain good contact at each terminal block and to avoid damaging the pins on the connector pull the connector straight off not at an angle make cable connections while the connector is away from the unit and push the connector straight on not at an angle when the wiring is complete Table 1 2 Alarm Connections Connect Low Alarm To ALM A Terminal Block NC contact C contact NO contact Connect High Alarm To ALM B Terminal Block NC contact pin NC C contact pin C NO contact pin NO Note The alarm terminal block has an additional Return connection that you can use to ground the alarms if desired Installing Optional Features 1 7 February 2005 Co
61. he rear of the electronics unit see Figure 1 16 below Connect the other end of the cable to your output device and set up the communications port as described in Setting Up the Communication Port in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual STD TF PROBE OXYGEN HAZARDOUS AREA CONNECTIONS i CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 2 ALMA ALM B ALMA ALMB NO C NCRIN NO C NC NO C NCRIN NO C NC A PECg AUX adawo 6 RS232 Communications Port Figure 1 16 RS232 Communications Port Installing Optional Features 1 21 February 2005 Performing an MH Calibration Test Adjustment Preliminary Steps Calibration Procedure If you modify the supplied cables or do not use standard GE Panametrics supplied cables you must perform a calibration test adjustment to test the cable and if necessary compensate for any error or offset introduced by splicing or long cable lengths This procedure is also recommended for testing the installation of GE Panametrics cables Use the following steps to perform a calibration adjustment 1 Power up the Series 3 2 Set up the matrix format on
62. he water concentration in the gas phase of a system in parts per million by weight can be calculated directly from the PPMy and the ratio of the molecular weight of water to that of the carrier gas as follows M PPM PPM x A 2 W V M T Relative humidity is defined as the ratio of the actual water vapor pressure to the saturation water vapor pressure at the prevailing ambient temperature expressed as a percentage RH ae 100 A 3 Ps 1 Find the relative humidity in a system if the measured dew point is 0 C and the ambient temperature is 20 C Solution From Table A 1 on page A 20 the water vapor pressure at a dew point of 0 C is 4 579 mm of Hg and the saturation water vapor pressure at an ambient temperature of 20 C is 17 535 mm of Hg Therefore the relative humidity of the system is 100 x 4 579 17 535 26 1 Three units of measure are commonly used in the gas industry to express the weight of water per unit volume of carrier gas They all represent a vapor density and are derivable from the vapor pressure of water and the Perfect Gas Laws Referenced to a temperature of 60 F and a pressure of 14 7 psia the following equations may be used to calculate these units P mg of water _ 289 x W A 4 liter of gas K P Ibofwater _ 0 0324 x A 5 ft of gas Tr 6 PPM 10 xP Ib of water V W A 6 MMSCFofga 21 1 21 1 x Py Note MMSCF is an abbreviation for a million standard cubic feet of
63. hich contains a calibrated moisture sensor b Convert the measured dew point of the chamber into a water vapor pressure as discussed earlier in this appendix From the known volume of the chamber and the measured vapor pressure dew point of the water the number of moles of water in the chamber can be calculated and related to the percent by weight of water in the test sample c Although this technique is somewhat tedious it can be used successfully An empirical calibration of the procedure may be performed by using hydrated solids of known moisture content for test samples Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 35 February 2005 Index A E Alarms Electrical Connections 1 1 Connecting ieee eher re in 1 7 ATAFMS 2 526 Ae Ged eres es 1 7 Resetting e nd st asien 2 2 Auxiliary Inputs 1 17 Testing u une 2 2 Communications Port 1 20 Applications Pressure Sensors 1 9 GASES a keke BE eg Pe aha sre A 11 Recorders 1 4 Liquids 22h eat A 22 Empirical Calibrations A 28 Solids 4 un een A 34 Error Message Auxiliary Inputs Screen Messages 2 8 Connecting 1 17 Error Messages Switch Settings 1 17 Calibration Error Description 2 32 Signal Error Description 2 32 B Background Gas Correction Factors 2 29 F Flow Rates
64. ient temperature Turn on the hygrometer and monitor the dew point reading When a stable dew point reading indicates that equilibrium has been reached record the reading Insert a syringe through the rubber septum and withdraw a fluid sample for Karl Fischer analysis Record the actual moisture content of the sample Open the exhaust valve Open the inlet valve and increase the moisture content of the sample by bubbling wet N gt through the liquid or decrease the moisture content by bubbling dry N through the liquid When the hygrometer reading indicates the approximate moisture content expected close both valves Repeat steps 3 8 until samples with several different moisture contents have been analyzed Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 29 February 2005 B Instructions for Note This procedure is only for liquids that are highly miscible with Preparing Known Sam ples water Excessive equilibrium times would be required with less miscible liquids To prepare samples of known moisture content use the apparatus in Figure A 3 on page A 33 and complete the following steps Weigh the dry empty apparatus Fill the glass bottle with the sample liquid 1 2 3 Open both valves and turn on the magnetic stirrer 4 While monitoring the dew point reading with the hygrometer bubble dry N through the liquid until the dew point stabilizes at some minimum value 5 Turn off the N
65. in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual to navigate in the Programming Menu Be sure the number displayed in the upper right hand corner of the screen is the channel you want to program If not press the CHAN key to select the desired channel Programming Menu 1 Use the arrow keys to move the TEST CONTRAST gt brackets to TEST and press YES Test Menu 1 Use the arrow keys to move to ALARM RECORDER ALARM and press YES Select Alarm 1 Use the arrow keys to move the A B brackets to the alarm you want to test and press YES Alarm Relay 1 Usethe arrow keys to select TRIP RESET TRIP to trip the relay or RESET to reset the relay You can now do one of the following To test the other alarm press NO and repeat the final two steps To exit select DONE followed by RUN Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Testing Recorder Outputs The Recorder Output Test Menu enables you to test outputs to make sure they are operating properly When you enter this menu the Series 3 stops making measurements Press the PROG key to enter the user program Enter Passcode XXXX Enter the passcode Note Jf you have already entered the user program refer to the menu maps in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual to navigate to the Programming Menu Be sure the number displayed in the upper right hand corner of the screen is the channel you want to program If not press the CHAN key to selec
66. itch to the desired position Set the switch to DTE if the Series 3 will be transmitting data and DCE if the unit will be receiving data Note Jf communications do not work properly try changing the RS232 switch position BATTERY PAK POWER SUPPLY CHANNEL CHANNEL CONTROLLER RS232 Switch EE LULL Top View Figure 1 15 RS232 Switch Location 1 20 Installing Optional Features February 2005 Connecting a Personal You can connect aPC or printer using a serial cable with a 9 pin or Computer or Printer 25 pin female connector Refer to Table 1 6 for the pin connections cont for the cable connectors Note See EIA RS Serial Communications document 916 054 for more details Table 1 6 RS232 Cable Pin Connections Pin Number on Connector 9 Pin to 25 Pin to 9 Pin to Wire Series 3 Output Device Output Device Red Lead Transmit Green Lead Receive Black Lead Return Connect one end of cable to the 9 pin connector on t
67. itor Hints Contaminants Aluminum Oxide Probe Maintenance Corrosive Gases and Liquids Materials of Construction Calculations and Useful Formulas in Gas Applications Liquid Applications Empirical Calibrations e Solids Applications Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 1 February 2005 Moisture Monitor Hints Hygrometers using aluminum oxide moisture probes have been designed to reliably measure the moisture content of both gases and liquids The measured dew point will be the real dew point of the system at the measurement location and at the time of measurement However no moisture sensor can determine the origin of the measured moisture content In addition to the moisture content of the fluid to be analyzed the water vapor pressure at the measurement location may include components from sources such as moisture from the inner walls of the piping external moisture through leaks in the piping system and trapped moisture from fittings valves filters etc Although these sources may cause the measured dew point to be higher than expected it is the actual dew point of the system at the time of measurement One of the major advantages of the aluminum oxide hygrometer is that it can be used for in situ measurements i e the sensor element is designed for installation directly within the region to be measured As a result the need for complex sample systems that include extensive piping manifolds gas
68. l 2 13 Replacing and Recalibrating Probes 2 25 Menu Options Entering Reference Values 2 21 Messages Screen Messages 2 8 Modifying Cables 1 3 Calibration Adjustment 1 22 Moisture Probe Cleaning Procedure A 7 Contaminants A 5 Corrosive Substances A 6 Gas Flow Rates A 19 Liquid Flow Rates A 19 Materials of Construction A 10 Monitoring Hints A 1 Moisture Probes 2 25 Common Problems 2 11 Monitoring Hints Flow Rate A 4 Moist re 22 elie een A 1 Pressure ionis ue E er aloe A 3 Response Time A 4 temperature 2 nement sat A 4 O Outputs Connecting Alarms 1 7 Connecting Recorders 1 4 Testing Alarm Relays 2 2 Oxygen Cell Background Gas Correction Factors 2 29 Checking and Replenishing Electrolyte p PCMCIA Card Replacing 2 14 Personal Computer Communications Port 1 20 PPMv Calculating A 12 PPMw Calculating A 13 Pressure Monitoring Hints A 3 Pressure Sensors Setting Switches 1 15 1 16 Pressure Transducers Connecting 1 10 1
69. l Auto Cal while the others continue to operate Only the failed mode will display a Cal Err Usually Auto Cal errors are indicative of a channel card fault Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 31 February 2005 Loading New Software At some point a new version of the MMS 3 operating software may be released To update your system use the following guidelines 1 Record all of the setup configuration calibration and reference information from the MMS 3 and transfer required logs to aPC IMPORTANT All of the settings will be lost when the code is updated Any logs will also be erased 2 Obtain the new software file with a cod extension and save the file to your PC hard drive 3 Set up the MMS 3 with an RS232 cable connected to a COM port most likely COMI on a PC having a communications program like Hyperterminal See Connecting a Personal Computer or Printer in Chapter 1 4 Start the communications program on the PC and select the COM port with the connection to the MMS 3 5 Set the following information Baud Rate 19200 Data Bits 8 Parity none Stop Bits 1 Flow Control none 6 Turn on the power to the MMS 3 7 Press the 0 zero key on the MMS 3 Note The display will indicate a message similar to Reload Flash via RS232 Y N 8 Press the YES key on the MMS 3 9 Using the PC communications program choose the Transfer file menu and select Send File 10 Select the XMO
70. le gas pressure Using the precautions listed above the hygrometer has been used to successfully measure the moisture content in such fluids as hydrochloric acid sulfur dioxide chlorine and bromine Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 9 February 2005 Materials of Construction M1 and M2 Sensors Electrical Connector Sensor Element Back Wire Contact Wire Front Wire Support Pins Glass Shell O Ring Threaded Fitting O Ring Cage Shield 99 99 aluminum aluminum oxide gold Nichrome A6 316 stainless steel gold 304 stainless steel 316 stainless steel Glass Corning 9010 Al 152 Alloy 52 Ni Corning 9010 304L stainless steel silicone rubber 304 stainless steel Viton A 308 stainless steel 304 stainless steel Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 Calculations and Useful A knowledge of the dew point of a system enables one to calculate all Formulas in Gas other moisture measurement parameters The most important fact to Applications recognize is that for a particular dew point there is one and only one equivalent vapor pressure Note The calibration of moisture probes is based on the vapor pressure of liquid water above 0 C and frost below 0 C Moisture probes are never calibrated with supercooled water Caution is advised when comparing dew points measured with an aluminum oxide hygrometer to those meas
71. les work well with this circuit IMPORTANT To maintain good contact at each terminal block and to avoid damaging the pins on the connector pull the connector straight off not at an angle make cable connections while the connector is away from the unit and push the connector straight on not at an angle when the wiring is complete Table 1 4 Two Wire or Loop Powered Trans Connections Connect To AUX Terminal Block Positive Lead Output pin 24V Negative Lead Input pin 2 aux input 2 or pin 1 aux input 1 Once you complete the pressure connections you must set switch block S1 on the Series 3 channel card for either current or voltage depending on the type of pressure sensor you are using refer to Setting Input Switches on page 1 15 STD TF PROBE OXYGEN EE o L CHANNEL CHANNEL 1 ALMA ALMB ALMA ALMB NO C NCRIN NO C NC NO C NCRIN NO C NC A RECg AUX A RECg AUX RINA 2 24V ie RIN 1 2 24V 555 0 6 0 5 8 5 0 0 6 AUX Terminal Blocks Figure 1 10 AUX Terminal Block Locations Installing Optional Features February 2005 Connecting the
72. mmended However in an emergency cleaning of the moisture probe in accordance with the following procedure may be attempted by a qualified technician or chemist IMPORTANT Moisture probes must be handled carefully and cannot be cleaned in any fluid which will attack its components The probe s materials of construction are Al Al O3 nichrome gold stainless steel glass and Viton A Also the sensor s aluminum sheet is very fragile and can be easily bent or distorted Do not permit anything to touch it The following items will be needed to properly complete the moisture probe cleaning procedure approximately 300 ml of reagent grade hexane or toluene approximately 300 ml of distilled not deionized water two glass containers to hold above liquids metal containers should not be used To clean the moisture probe complete the following steps 1 Record the dew point of the ambient air 2 Making sure not to touch the sensor carefully remove the protective shield from the sensor 3 Soak the sensor in the distilled water for ten 10 minutes Be sure to avoid contact with the bottom and the walls of the container 4 Remove the sensor from the distilled water and soak it in the clean container of hexane or toluene for ten 10 minutes Again avoid all contact with the bottom and the walls of the container 5 Remove the sensor from the hexane or toluene and place it face up in a low temperature oven set at 50
73. n Entering Calibration Data for New Probes Sensors in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual and reference the data as described in the next section Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 19 February 2005 Entering Channel Card Reference Values The high and low reference values are entered at the factory However if you replace the channel card you will have to re enter the reference values for moisture oxygen and pressure The references are unit specific factory calibration values Reference values are located on a label placed on the left side of the Series 3 chassis Compare the data on the Series 3 screen to the reference data printed on the label placed on the side of the unit or supplied with the replacement channel card If the replacement channel card is the old version for models with serial numbers below 2001 the label is on the back of the card If the replacement card is the new version the values are on a tag attached to the card Press the PROG key to enter the user program Enter Passcode XXXX Enter the passcode Note Jf you have already entered the user program refer to the menu maps in the Programming Manual to navigate in the Programming Menu Be sure the number displayed in the upper right hand corner of the screen is the channel you want to program If not press the CHAN key to select the desired channel Programming Menu 1 Use the arrow keys to move the SYSTEM AUTOCALP brackets to S
74. nance 2 5 February 2005 Trimming Recorder Outputs cont Test Menu ALARM RECORDER gt Select Recorder A B Select RCD Range 0 20mA 4 20mA gt RCD Test Option SCALE TRIM Sel RCD A OUTPUT ZERO SPAN Use the arrow keys to move to RECORDER and press YES Use the arrow keys to move the brackets to the recorder you want to test and press YES Use the arrow keys to move the brackets to the output range and press YES Use the arrow keys to move the brackets to TRIM and press YES Use the arrow keys to select ZERO and press YES Observe the multimeter reading Wait at least 5 seconds for the recorder output to settle The multimeter should display one of the readings listed in Table 2 1 below Table 2 1 Voltmeter Readings Recorder Output Range Desired Voltmeter Reading O to 20 mA 1mA 4to 20 mA 4 mA Note The recorders cannot be trimmed to output a value of 0 00 mA 0 00 V due to the limits imposed by electronic noise The recorders will typically output 0 01 mA at zero output therefore you should use 5 for the test value for 0 to 20 mA and 0 to 2 V ranges 2 6 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Trimming Recorder Outputs cont RCD A Zero TRIM 1 Use the arrow keys to select VIEW TRIM UP VIEW and press YES The Series 3 displays the zero and span readings for 2 seconds Use the arrow keys to select TRIM UP or TRIM DOWN
75. nections while the connector is away from the unit and push the connector straight on not at an angle when the wiring is complete Table 1 3 Pressure Transducer Connections To STD TF PROBE Connect Pressure Transducer Terminal Block Positive Excitation Lead red P1 pin 5 Negative Excitation Lead white P1 Positive Output Lead black P2 Negative Output Lead green P2 Shield Note f you connect a pressure transducer to the STD TF Probe terminal block you must activate the TF Probe in the pressure column for that channel as described in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual Installing Optional Features February 2005 Connecting a Pressure Transducer cont STD TF Probe Terminal Blocks LT HAZARDOUS ARi CONNECTIONS L CHANNEL 1 ALM ALM B ALM A ALM B Mo C Ndrtn wo C Nd NO C NGRIN no c nd REG AUX REG AU TA B CA BI 63 dod 8 56 3 NS 6 Figure 1 7 STD TF Probe Terminal Block Locations STD TF Probe Excitation To Pressure Transducer Output
76. nge or do not make sense there may be a problem with the probe or a component of the process system Table 2 3 below contains some of the most common problems that affect measurements Table 2 3 Troubleshooting Guide for Common Problems Possible Cause System Symptom Accuracy of the moisture sensor is ques tioned Insufficient time for the system to equilibrate Response Probe reads too wet during dry down conditions or too dry in wet up conditions Change the flow rate A change in dew point indicates the sample system is not at equi librium or there is a leak Allow sufficient time for the sample system to equilibrate and for the moisture reading to become steady Check for leaks Dew point at sampling point is different than the dew point of the main stream Probe reads too wet or too dry Readings may be correct if the sampling point and main stream do not run under the same process conditions Different process conditions cause readings to vary Refer to Appendix A for more information If sam pling point and main stream conditions are he same check the sample system pipes and any pipe between the sample system and the main stream for leaks Also check he sample system for water adsorbing sur faces such as rubber or plastic tubing paper type filters or condensed water raps Remove or replace contaminating parts with stainless steel parts The sensor or sensor shield is
77. nnecting Alarms cont Figure 1 5 Alarm Relay Contact Points 1 2 AMP SLO BLO 3AG J ODMNOAOAR WD HAZARDOUS AREA CONNECTIONS ODMNOAOR WD A o o 0 Le o o o Le Le c CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 2 B A B ALMA ALM ALM ALM NO C NCRTN NO C NC NO C NC RTN NO C NC o o o o o Le o o o o o o Oo o o O APEG APEB ean 102 sav e 3 eo Ss is N a N Ne re ERE M Ne mu Rene ger AUX eii ALM A and ALM B Terminal Blocks Figure 1 6 ALM A and ALM B Terminal Block Locations 1 8 Installing Optional Features February 2005 Connecting Pressure Sensor Inputs The Series 3 accepts either pressure transducers or pressure transmitters with 0 4 to 20 mA or 0 to 2 V output Each type of sensor is connected to the Series 3 differently therefore it is important to know which type of pressure sensor you are using IMPORTANT The transducer must be supplied by GE Infrastructure Sensing or approved by GE Infrastructure Sensing for use in this circuit A pressure transducer is an electrically passive device that requires a well regulated excitation v
78. non ISO 9001 U S CERT DOC H2 August 2004 USA 1100 Technology Park Drive Billerica MA 01821 4111 Web www gesensing com Ireland Shannon Industrial Estate Shannon County Clare Ireland
79. not affected by changes in fluid temperature or fluid flow rate If any of the above situations occur then they are almost always caused by a defect in the sample system The moisture sensor itself can not lead to such problems Pressure Aluminum oxide hygrometers can accurately measure dew points under pressure conditions ranging from vacuums as low as a few microns of mercury up to pressures of 5000 psig The calibration data supplied with the moisture probe is directly applicable over this entire pressure range without correction Note Although the moisture probe calibration data is supplied as meter reading vs dew point it is important to remember that the moisture probe responds only to water vapor pressure When a gas is compressed the partial pressures of all the gaseous components are proportionally increased Conversely when a gas expands the partial pressures of the gaseous components are proportionally decreased Therefore increasing the pressure on a closed aqueous system will increase the vapor pressure of the water and hence increase the dew point This is not just a mathematical artifact The dew point of a gas with 1000 PPMv of water at 200 psig will be considerably higher than the dew point of a gas with 1000 PPMv of water at 1 atm Gaseous water vapor will actually condense to form liquid water at a higher temperature at the 200 psig pressure than at the 1 atm pressure Thus if the moisture probe is exposed to pressu
80. nput the PPM O content of the span gas and the measured uA value as an alternative to the following procedure To perform this part of calibration you must have a calibration gas with a known PPMv value and a calibration gas inlet valve Note GE Infrastructure Sensing recommends a span calibration gas be 80 100 of the span of the sensor s overall range in a background of nitrogen e g 80 100 PPM Op in N for a 0 100 PPM O sensor 3 Run the calibration gas through the oxygen cell Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 25 February 2005 Checking the Oxygen Cell 4 Read the PPM value If it is correct your oxygen cell does not Calibration cont need calibration If the reading is incorrect you must calculate the new span reading x Solve the following equation for x OX OX IO IO x IO gt OX OX where OX Correct PPMv for calibration gas OX Zero value in PPMv OX Span value in PPMv IO Actual reading for calibration gas in u A IO Zero value in uA x New span reading in u A See the Calibration Data Sheet for the oxygen cell to obtain the necessary zero and span values Example If the calibration data for your cell is as follows OX 75 PPMv Correct PPM for cal gas OX 0 050 PPM Zero value in PPM OX 100 PPMv Span value in PPMv IO 290 uA Actual reading for calibration gas 10 0 4238 uA Zero value Therefore 100 75 290 0 423 _ 29
81. o points for a specific oxygen cell calibrated in nitrogen This data is supplied with the cell and is stored in the Series 3 user program Table 2 5 Oxygen Cell Calibration Data ref to nitrogen Zero PPM Value 0500 PPM Zero pA Value 9867 pA Zero Calibration Point Span Calibration Point Span PPM Value 100 0 PPM When the oxygen cell is used in a background gas other than nitrogen users must enter the gas s current multiplier listed in Table 2 6 on page 2 30 The Series 3 will apply the appropriate correction to the oxygen signal The original calibration values for nitrogen are programmed into the Oxygen Probe Calibration section However the Series 3 uses the current multiplier to determine the correct oxygen concentration 2 28 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Entering the Current Multiplier Note The default setting for the Current Multiplier is 1 00 To change the Current Multiplier first select a Current Multiplier from Table 2 6 on page 2 30 Then press the PROG key to enter the user program Enter Passcode XXXX Enter the passcode Be sure the number displayed in the upper right hand corner of the screen is the channel you want to program If not press the CHAN key to select the desired channel Programming Menu 1 Use the arrow keys to move the SYSTEM AUTOCALR brackets to SYSTEM and press YES Measurement Mode Use the arrow keys to move the O
82. o move the rEsT CONTRAST gt brackets to TEST and press YES Test Menu 1 Use the arrow keys to move to 4 BATTERY BATTERY and press YES 2 16 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Recharging the Battery Pack cont Battery Test 1 Use the arrow keys to move to STATUS RDCHGTIME RDCHGTIME and press VES The Series 3 displays the charge time The charge time indicates the rate of the auto charge which is typically twice as long as the run time read the introductory paragraph on page 2 16 If you charge the battery for the indicated charge time this does not guarantee your unit will be fully charged To fully charge the unit press VES and skip to the next step If the charge time is acceptable press YES followed by RUN Battery Test 1 Use the arrow keys to move to Change ChgTime CHANGE CHGTIME and press VES Time to Charge Bat Enter the desired value and press XX XX HH MM YES To exit press RUN The Series 3 will charge for 16 hours 960 minutes When the Series 3 is charging it displays a reverse video C in the right hand corner of the display Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Installing a Channel Card The Series 3 can have up to two channel cards If you need to replace one GE Infrastructure Sensing will send you a channel card that you can insert into the electronics unit Use the following steps to install a channel card 1 Turn the S
83. of input device to the Series 3 do not replace the cover because you will need to set switches on the channel card for those inputs as well 2 Replace the retainer bar Make sure the slots on the retainer bar are seated correctly against the printed circuit boards Secure the bar with two screws 3 Slide the electronics unit back into its enclosure and replace the screws Tighten the screws until they are snug Do not over tighten You have completed connecting the output device Refer to Reconfiguring a Channel for a New Sensor and Entering Calibration Data for New Probes Sensors in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual to properly set up the auxiliary input Installing Optional Features February 2005 Connecting a Personal You can connect the Series 3 to a personal computer or serial printer Computer or Printer using the RS232 communications port Refer to the instructions below to set up and connect your PC or printer The Series 3 has a special switch that you can use to set the Series 3 up as Data Terminal Equipment DTE or Data Communications Equipment DCE This switch changes the transmit and receive pin functions on the RS232 connector on the back of the Series 3 Use the steps below to properly set the switch 1 Remove the screws on the front panel and slide the electronics unit out of its enclosure 2 Locate the RS232 switch on the display board Use Figure 1 15 below to locate the switch 3 Set the RS232 sw
84. og data will display The next time you set up a log the Series 3 will ask you to overwrite the log Respond YES 2 8 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Table 2 2 Screen Messages and the Possible Causes cont Screen Message Possible Cause System Response Action NO PROBE Unit has not been configured for the probe activated For example you will not be able to display pressure when an M Series probe is con nected N A Make sure the correct probe is activated as described in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual Connect the required probe NOT AVAIL The mode and or units selected require more data or need a different probe For example you will not be able to read RH with a moisture probe that does not have the temperature option Check configuration as described in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual Choose a different mode and or units as described in Chap ter 1 of the Programming Manual Connect the required probe Over Rng See Range Error Description on page 2 31 The input signal is above the calibrated range of the probe Alarms and recorders respond as programmed Refer to page 2 31 Contact GE Infrastructure Sensing for a higher calibrated probe Change the measurement units so that the measurement is within range For example change ppb to ppm Refer to Displaying Measure ments in the Programming Manual to change the measurement
85. oltage or current The transducer produces a low level signal output typically in the millivolt or microamp range when pressure is applied to it A pressure transmitter is an electrically active device containing electronic circuits A pressure transmitter requires some sort of power source such as a 24 VDC or 120 VAC It produces a larger output signal than a pressure transducer in either current or voltage The more common pressure transmitters produce a 4 20 mA current output IMPORTANT The following connection information does not pertain to the TF Series Probe To properly connect your pressure sensor use the appropriate section that follows Installing Optional Features 1 9 February 2005 Connecting a Pressure Transducer Using a two pair shielded cable connect the pressure transducer to the terminal block labeled STD TF PROBE on the back of the electronics unit see Figure 1 7 on page 1 11 Refer to Table 1 3 below for the proper pin connections for the pressure transducer If you are not using a GE Panametrics supplied cable see Figure 1 8 on page 1 11 to make the proper pin connections to the pressure transducer connector IMPORTANT The transducer must be supplied by or approved by GE Infrastructure Sensing for use in this circuit IMPORTANT To maintain good contact at each terminal block and to avoid damaging the pins on the connector pull the connector straight off not at an angle make cable con
86. on A 8 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 Corrosive Gases And GE Panametrics M Series Aluminum Oxide Moisture Sensors have Liquids been designed to minimize the affect of corrosive gases and liquids As indicated in the Materials of Construction section of this appendix no copper solder or epoxy is used in the construction of these sensors The moisture content of corrosive gases such as HS SO cyanide containing gases acetic acid vapors etc can be measured directly Note Since the active sensor is aluminum any fluid which corrodes aluminum will affect the sensor s performance By observing the following precautions the moisture probe may be used successfully and economically 1 The moisture content of the corrosive fluid must be 10 PPMv or less at 1 atmosphere or the concentration of the corrosive fluid must be 10 PPMv or less at 1 atmosphere 2 The sample system must be pre dried with a dry inert gas such as nitrogen or argon prior to introduction of the fluid stream Any adsorbed atmospheric moisture on the sensor will react with the corrosive fluid to cause pitting or corrosion of the sensor 3 The sample system must be purged with a dry inert gas such as nitrogen or argon prior to removal of the moisture probe Any adsorbed corrosive fluid on the sensor will react with ambient moisture to cause pitting or corrosion of the sensor 4 Operate the sample system at the lowest possib
87. on of this unit you must install and operate the Series 3 as described in this startup guide In addition be sure to follow all applicable safety codes and regulations for installing electrical equipment in your area IWARNING Turn off the Series 3 before making any connections Make all connections to the back of the meter refer to Figure 1 1 on page 1 2 The larger panel is separated into two sections one for each channel Make connections by placing the press lock lever into the desired terminal One press lock lever is supplied with each terminal block Press and hold the lever against the terminal block and insert the stripped and tinned portion of the wire into the terminal Release the lever to secure the connection IMPORTANT To maintain good contact at each terminal block and to avoid damaging the pins on the connector pull the connector straight off not at an angle make cable connections while the connector is away from the unit and push the connector straight on not at an angle when the wiring is complete Proper connections and cabling are extremely important to accurate measurement Be sure to use the correct cable type for each probe and make sure that the cables are not damaged during installation If you are not using a cable supplied with the Series 3 or you are using a modified cable read the following section carefully Installing Optional Features 1 1 February 2005 Connecting the Power I
88. ous pression pour les DN 25 Article 3 section 3 qui concerne les pratiques et les codes de bonne fabrication pour l ing nierie du son Shannon July 1 2003 aas E SLE Mr James Gibson DIRECTEUR G N RAL NSAI LS ENISO9002 TUV ESSEN Shannon ISO 9001 U S CERT DOC H2 August 2004 Sensing KONFORMIT TS ERKL RUNG Wir Panametrics Limited Shannon Industrial Estate Shannon County Clare Ireland erkl ren in alleiniger Verantwortung da die Produkte Moisture Image Series 1 Analyzer Moisture Image Series 2 Analyzer Moisture Monitor Series 3 Analyzer folgende Normen erf llen e EN 50014 1997 A1 A2 1999 e EN 50020 1994 e 1 G EEx ia IIC BASO1ATEX7097 Baseefa 2001 Ltd EECS Buxton SK17 9JN UK e EN 61326 1998 Class A Annex A Continuous Unmonitored Operation EN 61010 1 1993 A2 1995 Overvoltage Category II Pollution Degree 2 gem den Europ ischen Richtlinien Niederspannungsrichtlinie Nr 73 23 EG EMV Richtlinie Nr 89 336 EG und ATEX Richtlinie Nr 94 9 EG Die oben aufgef hrten Ger te und zugeh rige mitgelieferte Sensoren und Handhabungssysteme tragen keine CE Kennzeichnung gem der Druckger te Richtlinie da sie in bereinstimmung mit Artikel 3 Absatz 3 gute Ingenieurpraxis der Druckger te Richtlinie 97 23 EG f r DN lt 25 geliefert werden Shannon July 1 2003 p e E US IE Mr James Gibson GENERALDIREKTOR NSAI LS ENISO9002 TUV ESSEN Shan
89. outputs To accurately trim the recorder outputs you will need a digital multimeter capable of measuring 0 2 V with a resolution of 0 0001 VDC 0 1 mV or 0 20 mA with a resolution of 0 01 mA The range you use depends on your recorder output Most good quality 3 1 2 digit meters are adequate for recorder output trimming Use the following steps to trim recorder outputs 1 Make sure the recorder switches on the corresponding channel card s are set for the correct output current I or voltage V Refer to page 1 5 to check switch settings 2 Disconnect the load e g chart recorder indicator from the end of the recorder output signal wires 3 Attach the digital multimeter to the signal wires Note f the recorder location is very distant from the Series 3 you may want to have one person taking readings at the recorder location and one person taking readings at the Series 3 location Press the PROG key to enter the user program Enter Passcode XXXX Enter the passcode Note fyou have already entered the user program refer to the menu maps in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual to navigate to the Programming Menu Be sure the number displayed in the upper right hand corner of the screen is the channel you want to program If not press the CHAN key to select the desired channel Programming Menu 1 Usethe arrow keys to move the TEST CONTRASTR brackets to TEST and press YES Troubleshooting and Mainte
90. poses examples of all three procedures are listed in Table A 4 below Table A 4 Comparative PPM Values Calculation Method Dew Point Pressure Appendix Vapor C psig Slide Rule A Pressure 80 0 0 5 0 55 0 526 100 0 065 N A 0 0675 800 0 009 N A 0 0095 1500 0 005 N A 0 0051 50 0 37 40 38 88 100 4 8 5 2 4 98 800 0 65 0 8 0 7016 1500 0 36 0 35 0 3773 20 0 N A 20 000 23 072 36 100 3000 3000 2956 9 800 420 400 416 3105 1500 220 200 223 9 A 21 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E February 2005 Liquid Applications Theory of Operation Moisture Content Measurement in Organic Liquids Henry s Law Type Analysis The direct measurement of water vapor pressure in organic liquids is accomplished easily and effectively with GE Panametrics Aluminum Oxide Moisture Sensors Since the moisture probe pore openings are small in relation to the size of most organic molecules admission into the sensor cavity is limited to much smaller molecules such as water Thus the surface of the aluminum oxide sensor which acts as a semi permeable membrane permits the measurement of water vapor pressure in organic liquids just as easily as it does in gaseous media In fact an accurate sensor electrical output will be registered whether the sensor is directly immersed in the organic liquid or it is placed in the gas space above the liquid surface As with gases the el
91. provided Upon receipt of the owner s approval to proceed the instrument will be repaired and returned lii February 2005 ooo Table of Contents Chapter 1 Installing Optional Features Making Electrical Connections sr cee tila abe titers ote ati 1 1 Makiag chanhelConheetions nz ee ed eate 1 1 Connecting Abe BOWEN cde cio boh et matey hte tue drei ts a aC ns ae 1 2 Precautions for Modified or Non GE Panametrics Cables 1 3 Connecting the Recorder Outputs une ernennen 1 4 Accessing The Chobtnel Cards 22 1e Duca x or gee EN SEE US MUERTE RS 1 4 Setting the Switch BIGe RB dmt oco Do terc emm tercie keep ost oim d M ERN 1 5 Replacing the Chann l Ole sisman Dos dien tud anne eae rd 1 5 Colmectihg ReoOECBES ns o icc ee ee 1 6 Connecting Area t red en Cer el ale nee 1 7 Connecting Pressure Sensor Inputs 2822 1 9 Connecting a Pressure Transducer an asian 1 10 Connecting Pressure Transmitters 2 1 12 COMME CHINE AU MING NOUNS c Se an rr aoa Ere Dr Pos En e ete Re 1 17 Accessing Chen Raise oM CERE RM EE 1 18 ReBlgeiagtne Channel ead Tosca M si eset ne M d as ln 1 19 Connecting Personal Computer or Printer xi ec etx raa elle 1 20 Performing an MH Calibration Test Adjustment 1 22 Preliminar Step Ss aus Te mue dus ol Oe Tel 1 22 Calibration PROC CONG ioo orae ee
92. re changes the measured dew point will be altered by the changed vapor pressure of the water It is generally advantageous to operate the hygrometer at the highest possible pressure especially at very low moisture concentrations This minimizes wall effects and results in higher dew point readings which increases the sensitivity of the instrument Response Time The response time of the standard M Series GE Panametrics Aluminum Oxide Moisture Sensor is very rapid a step change of 63 in moisture concentration will be observed in approximately 5 seconds Thus the observed response time to moisture changes is in general limited by the response time of the sample system as a whole Water vapor is absorbed tenaciously by many materials and a large complex processing system can take several days to dry down from atmospheric moisture levels to dew points of less than 60 C Even simple systems consisting of a few feet of stainless steel tubing and a small chamber can take an hour or more to dry down from dew points of 5 C to 70 C The rate at which the system reaches equilibrium will depend on flow rate temperature materials of construction and system pressure Generally speaking an increase in flow rate and or temperature will decrease the response time of the sample system Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 3 February 2005 Response Time cont Temperature Flow Rate To minimize any adverse affects on
93. re in lieu of all other warranties whether statutory express or implied including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and warranties arising from course of dealing or usage or trade If a GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc instrument malfunctions within the warranty period the following procedure must be completed 1 Notify GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc giving full details of the problem and provide the model number and serial number of the instrument If the nature of the problem indicates the need for factory service GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc will issue a RETURN AUTHORIZATION number RA and shipping instructions for the return of the instrument to a service center will be provided 2 If GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc instructs you to send your instrument to a service center it must be shipped prepaid to the authorized repair station indicated in the shipping instructions 3 Upon receipt GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc will evaluate the instrument to determine the cause of the malfunction Then one of the following courses of action will then be taken fthe damage is covered under the terms of the warranty the instrument will be repaired at no cost to the owner and returned f GE Infrastructure Sensing Inc determines that the damage is not covered under the terms of the warranty or if the warranty has expired an estimate for the cost of the repairs at standard rates will be
94. right arrow key to LOW HIGH move to HIGH and then press YES Repeat the zero and span value steps to enter high reference values You may now do one of the following Enter data moisture or pressure reference data by pressing the NO key until you return to Measurement Mode then select the desired mode and press YES Refer to Entering Moisture Reference Data on page 2 21 or Entering Pressure Reference Data on page 2 23 Refer to another section and perform a different procedure Refer to the menu maps in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual to navigate through the user program Exit by pressing NO followed by the RUN key 2 22 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Entering Pressure Reference Data PHiRef Lo Ref Enter the low pressure value 0 05 0 00 Press VES and press the left arrow key P Hi Ref LoRef 0 05 99 89 and press VES Enter the low reference value Press the NO key You may now do one of the following Enter data moisture or oxygen reference data by pressing the NO key until you return to Measurement Mode then select the desired mode and press VES See Entering Moisture Reference Data on page 2 21 or Entering Oxygen Reference Data on page 2 22 Refer to another section and perform a different procedure Refer to the menu maps in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual to navigate through the user program Exit by pressing NO followed by the RUN key
95. roller Board PCMCIA Card Insertion Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 15 February 2005 Recharging the Battery Pack When the battery pack is fully charged it provides 8 hours of continuous operation Note Continuous use of the backlight and or alarms will shorten the battery life 1 2 hours When the battery pack needs recharging a Battery Low message appears on the display You can recharge the battery pack using either an auto charge or a full charge The Series 3 begins an auto charge when you plug it into AC line power and turn it on An auto charge recharges the battery pack for twice as long as the unit ran off battery power For example ifthe unit ran off the battery for 5 hours the auto charge will charge the unit for 10 hours Use of the auto charge does not ensure your battery is fully charged To make sure your battery will hold enough power for 6 to 8 hours of operation perform a full charge which takes 16 hours 960 minutes Use the following section to recharge the battery pack using the full charge option IWARNING Do not attempt to recharge the battery pack when the temperature is 0 C 32 F or below Plug the Series 3 into an AC power source and turn the unit on Press the PROG key to enter the user program Enter Passcode XXXX Enter the passcode Note f you are already in the Battery Test Menu skip to the Battery Test step Programming Menu 1 Use the arrow keys t
96. shortest lead wires will result in the best sensitivity 2 The calibration data supplied with GE Panametrics Moisture Probes is applicable to both liquid phase for those liquids in which a Henry s Law analysis is applicable and gas phase applications 3 As indicated in Table A 3 on page A 19 the flow rate of the liquid is limited to a maximum of 10 cm sec 4 Possible probe malfunctions and their remedies are discussed in the Troubleshooting chapter of this manual Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 31 February 2005 5 N o N a e p o u g o e o bonul Lu e o N o 8 m o uJ o 8 ar e o a BR Om oOo oOouo TEMPERATURE T C 28 a e N o Z oO HF Z Lu Z Q O W ja LE a HENRY S LAW CONSTANT K N oa 8 8 8 8 oo o a 3 T 8 s SATURATION VALUE AT TEMPERATURE T PPMw DEW FROST POINT AT TEMPERATURE T C A a e o N o N a Libra ua du ud a eo Li Figure A 2 Moisture Content Nomograph for Liquids A 32 Application of the Hygrometer 900 901 February 2005 Stainless Steel Tubing soft soldered to cover 3 4 26 THD Female soft soldered to cover M2 Probe Rubber Septum Exhaust Soft Solder Metal Cover with Teflon Washer Glass Bottle Magnetic Stirrer Bar Magnetic Stirrer Figure A 3
97. t the desired channel Programming Menu 1 Use the arrow keys to move the TEST CONTRAST gt brackets to TEST and press YES Test Menu 1 Use the arrow keys to move to ALARM RECORDER gt RECORDER and press YES Select Recorder 1 Use the arrow keys to move the A B brackets to the recorder you want to test and press YES Select RCD Range 1 Use the arrow keys to move the 0 20mA 4 20mA gt brackets to the output range and press YES RCD Test Option 1 Use the arrow keys to move the SCALE TRIM brackets to SCALE and press YES Percent of Scale 1 Enter the percentage between 0 50 and 100 and press YES The recorder pen should swing to the appropriate value Press YES Note The recorder output depends on the recorder range 0 20 mA 4 20 mA 0 2 V Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Testing Recorder You can now do one of the following Outputs cont To test another percentage repeat the Percent of scale step To test the other recorder press NO twice and repeat the last four steps To exit press RUN 2 4 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Trimming Recorder Outputs The measured value of the recorder outputs can vary from the programmed value due to load resistance tolerance e g chart recorder display computer interface etc The Series 3 provides a trimming feature you can use to compensate for any variation in the recorder
98. the screen to display MH for each channel where you are checking an M or TF Series cable Refer to Displaying Measurements in Chapter 2 of the Programming Manual 3 Make sure the high low and zero reference values are recorded on the sticker located on the outside chassis of the Series 3 1 Disconnect the moisture probe from the cable leave the probe cable connected to the Series 3 and verify that the displayed MH value equals the zero reference value within 0 0003 MH If the reading is within specification no further testing is necessary If the reading is less than the specified reading previous recorded zero reference value on the sticker 40 0003 add this difference to the low reference value Ifthe reading is greater than the specified reading previous recorded zero reference value on sticker 0 0003 subtract this difference from the low reference value 2 Note the final corrected low reference value and record it Installing Optional Features February 2005 Calibration Procedure cont 3 7 Reprogram the Series 3 with the new corrected low reference value if required as described in Entering Channel Card Reference Values in Chapter 2 Verify that the probe cable is not connected to the probe Note the zero reference reading and verify that the reading is now within 0 0003 MH Fill out a new high and low reference sticker with the final low reference value Make sure
99. to correct the difference between the desired multimeter reading and the actual voltmeter reading The Series 3 displays the new zero and span value Note The trim resolution is limited to 0 05 mA or 40 5 mV Choose the trim value that produces an output closest to the value desired Continue trimming until you reach the desired value Then press NO and repeat the last four steps for the SPAN value Note The zero trim is an offset adjustment while the span trim is a slope adjustment As a result the zero and span trim affect each other Therefore after you adjust one you may have to adjust the other You can now do one of the following To trim the other recorder press the NO key to return to the Select Recorder step and repeat the procedure To exit press RUN Troubleshooting and Maintenance 2 7 February 2005 Screen Messages Screen Message The Series 3 has several screen messages that may display during operation Refer to Table 2 2 below for a list of these errors and the possible solutions Table 2 2 Screen Messages and the Possible Causes Possible Cause System Response The Series 3 isrunning on battery power None None Battery Low Series 3 is running on battery power and the battery is low When this message appears you have about 1 hour before the unit automatically shuts off None Recharge battery as described on page 2 18 Battery Pack Install
100. up the screen Select pressure as the measurement mode and pmv to display millivolts 2 Expose the pressure sensor to the air and record the mV reading This reading is the mV reading for the zero pressure 3 Expose the pressure sensor to a known full scale pressure source at least 50 of the full scale capability and record the mV reading This reading is the mV reading for the span pressure 4 Enter the above readings as described in Entering Calibration Data for New Probes Sensors in Chapter 3 of the Programming Manual 2 24 Troubleshooting and Maintenance February 2005 Calibrating the Delta F Oxygen Cell Checking the Oxygen Cell Calibration You should calibrate the Delta F Oxygen Cell when you initially receive it After that calibrate the oxygen cell once a month for the first three months and then as needed You should also calibrate the oxygen cell if you change the electrolyte Calibrating the oxygen cell involves two parts checking the oxygen cell calibration entering the new span value Note The oxygen cell is calibrated using nitrogen as the background gas 1 Determine which channel is connected to the Delta F Oxygen Cell 2 Set up the display to read the oxygen content in PPMv and uA Refer to Displaying Measurements in Chapter 2 of the Programming Manual for details Note fyour operational range of measurement is significantly below the span gas you are using you may elect to i
101. ured with a mirror type hygrometer since such instruments may provide the dew points of supercooled water As stated above the dew frost point of a system defines a unique partial pressure of water vapor in the gas Table A 1 on page A 15 which lists water vapor pressure as a function of dew point can be used to find either the saturation water vapor pressure at a known temperature or the water vapor pressure at a specified dew point In addition all definitions involving humidity can then be expressed in terms of the water vapor pressure Nomenclature The following symbols and units are used in the equations that are presented in the next few sections RH relative humidity Tx temperature K C 273 TR temperature R F 460 PPM parts per million by volume PPM parts per million by weight M molecular weight of water 18 e Mr molecular weight of carrier gas Ps saturation vapor pressure of water at the prevailing temperature mm of Hg Pw water vapor pressure at the measured dew point mm of Hg Pr total system pressure mm of Hg Application of the Hygrometer 900 901E A 11 February 2005 Parts per Million by Volume Typical Problems The water concentration in a system in parts per million by volume is proportional to the ratio of the water vapor partial pressure to the total system pressure P PPM gt x 10 A 1 T In a closed system incr
102. w 3 Remove the channel card by sliding it straight up n a i Retainer Bar BATTERY PAK li T CONTROLLER N CHANNEL Screw N d LUE LLL Top View Figure 1 11 Channel Cards Location 4 Locate switch block S1 see Figure 1 12 on page 1 16 for switch S1 location Switch block S1 has two switches 1 for Auxiliary 1 and 2 for Auxiliary 2 5 Set the switches in one of two positions ON for current or OFF for voltage Installing Optional Features 1 15 February 2005 Setting Input Switches cont 20000 a ou E 000 num
103. you record the information below HIGH REF ORIGINAL VALUE LOW REF NEW CORRECTED VALUE ZERO REF ORIGINAL RECORDED VALUE Reconnect the probe to the cable Note Jf cables are changed in any way repeat this procedure for maximum accuracy The Series 3 is now ready for operation Installing Optional Features 1 23 Chapter 2 Troubleshooting and Maintenance Introductions aS geh HO HOSS MRS BENS 2 1 Testing Alarm Relays 2 2 Testing Recorder Outputs 2 3 Trimming Recorder Outputs 2 5 Screen Messages nd 2 8 Common Problems uns sr 2 10 Delta F Oxygen Cell Electrolyte 2 12 Adding Removing a PCMCIA Card 2 13 Recharging the Battery Pack 2 16 Installing a Channel Card 2 18 Entering Channel Card Reference Values 2 20 Replacing and Recalibrating Moisture Probes 2 24 Recalibrating the Pressure Sensors 2 24 Calibrating the Delta F Oxygen Cell 2 25 Delta F Oxygen Cell Background Gas Correction Factors 2 28 Error Descriptions 2 nen 2 31 February 2005 Introduction The Moisture Image Series 3 is designed to be maintenance and trouble free however

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