IS 1448-148 (2002): Methods of Test for Petroleum and its Products
Contents
1. A voltage is applied across two electrodes immersed in the fuel and the resulting current expressed as a conductivity value With portable meters the current measurement is made almost instantaneously upon application ofthe voltage to avoid errors arising from ion depletion Ion depletion or polarization is eliminated in dynamic monitoring systems by continuous replacement of the sample in the measuring cell The procedure with the correct selection of electrode size and current measurement apparatus can be used to measure conductivities from picosiemens metre or greater The commercially available equipment referred to in this method covers a conductivity range upto 2 000 picosiemens metre with good precision see 10 although some meters can only read to 500 or 1 000 picosiemens metre 3 SIGNIFICANCE The ability ofa fuel to dissipate charge which has become generated during pumping and filtering operations is controlled by its electrical conductivity which depends upon its content of ion species If the conductivity is sufficient high charges dissipate fast enough to prevent their accumulation and dangerously high potentials in a receiving tank avoided 4 DEFINITIONS 4 1 Rest Conductivity The reciprocal ofthe resistance of uncharged fuel in the absence of ionic depletion or polarization It is the electrical conductivity at the initial instant of current measurement after a DC voltage i is impressed between electrodes 4 22. fuel temperature at which measurement was made 1f the electrical conductivity reads zero on the meters report less than 1 ps m NOTE It is recognized that the electrical conductivity of a fuel varies with temperature and that the relationship differs for various types of aviation fuel If it is necessary to correct conductivity readings to a particular temperature each laboratory would have to establish this relationship for the fuels and temperature range of interest 11 PRECISION AND BIAS 11 1 The precision of this test method as determined by statistical analysis of test results obtained by IS 1448 P 148 2002 operator instrument pairs at a common test site is as follows 11 1 1 Repeatability The difference between successive measured conductivity values obtained by the same operator with the same apparatus under constant operating conditions on identical test material at the same fuel temperature would in the long run in the normal and correct operation of the test method exceed the values in Table 1 only in one case in twenty Table 1 Precision gt Conductivity pS m Repeatability Reproducibility 1 2 3 50 3 10 100 5 17 200 10 32 300 14 45 400 18 500 21 69 600 25 800 32 1 000 39 125 1 500 55 177 D The precision limits in Table I are applicable at room temperature Significantly higher limits X2 may be applicable at temperatures near 20 C Underlined values in the repeatab
3. including caps shall be rinsed at least three times with the fuel under test 8 1 3 Conductivity measurements shall be made as soon as possible after sampling and preferable within 24 h 9 PROCEDURE 9 1 The specific calibration procedures detailed in Annexes A B and C are an essential part of the following generalized procedures The appropriate calibration steps for the instrument used shall be followed prior to commencing the subsequent procedures 9 2 In Situ Field Measurements on Tanks Tank Cars Tank Trucks etc For field measurements the conductivity meters referred to in Note 2 of 5 1 3 are considered suitable although their use inhazardous locations may be restricted by local safety regulations Each meter has an extension cable or can be equipped with one to lower the cell into the tank High impedance hand held meters are susceptible to electrical transients caused by the extension cable flexing during measurements Failure to hold the apparatus steady during measurements may result in significantly poorer precision than shown in 11 1 2 The following instructions apply to the meters referenced in Note 2 of 5 1 3 9 2 1 Check meter calibration as detailed in Annexes A and B depending on the meter used Earth the meter to the tank and lower the conductivity cell into the tank to the desired level taking care to avoid partial immersion or contact with tank water bottoms if present Move the conductivity cell i
4. Picosiemens Per Meter symbol pS m The unit of electrical conductivity is also called a con ductivity unit CU A siemen is the SI definition of reciprocal ohm sometimes called mho Hence 1 ps m 1 x 10 nr 1cu 1 picom ho m NOTE One picosiemen equals 10 12 ohm and in the SI replaces the former picomho The term conductivity unit abbreviated CU is also used for the picosiemen metre 5 PORTABLE METER METHOD S 1 Apparatus 5 1 1 Conductivity Cell and Current Measuring Apparatus Any suitable equipment capable of giving a codo 1 IS 1448 P 148 2002 reading almost instantaneously with the application of the voltage 1 2 Thermometer IP49C having a range suitable for measuring fuel tem perature in the field A thermometer holder shall be available so that the temperature can be directly determined for fuel in bulk storage rail tanks cars and trucks 5 1 3 Measuring Vessel Any suitable cylindrical vessel capable of holding sufficient fuel to cover the electrodes of the conduc tivity cell For the equipment referred to in Note 1 a minimum volume of 1 litre is required The following portable equipment see Notes 1 to 3 below has been recommended for this purpose NOTES 1 Maihak MLA 900 Conductivity Indicator Manufacturer H Maihak 2000 Hamburg 60 Postiach 601709 W Germany U S Agent Ampower Corpn 50 Broad Street New York N Y 10004 2 Ethyl Intertech Distilla
5. cited IS 1448 P 148 2002 procedures This assures that a sample indentical to the bulk supply is tested by either or both parties and the precision data shown in Table 1 shall apply 11 3 Bias Since there is no accepted reference material or suitable test method for determining the bias of the procedure given in ASTM D 2624 for measuring electrical conductivity no statement on bias is being made 12 APPARATUS Continuous measurements can be made with the equipment listed in 12 1 where suitable precautions have been taken to remove static charges before the representative fuel stream is passed through an in line measuring cell A controlled continuous flow through the cell prevents ion depletion thereby providing the equivalent of rest conductivity as a continous measurement 12 1 The following continuous measuring equipment has been found satisfactory for this purpose Staticon Conductivity Monitor Model 1150 manufactured by Emcee Electronics 8875 Midnight Pass Road Sarasota Florida 33581 USA 13 INSTALLATION In general this instrument is designed for permanent installation in the fuel distribution system The manufacturer s recommendations concerning installation and flow control must be followed particularly with respect to the provision of adequate relaxation time The sample tapping point should be installed at least 30 m downstream of any additive injection system unless a mixing device is used which h
6. A h 2 22 222 2 2222222 Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public bl ae AT al qum Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru The Right to Information The Right to Live Step Out From the Old to the New Mad 148 2002 Methods of Test for Petroleum 555 Part 148 Determination of Electrical Memauctivity of Aviation and Distillate Fules Containing Static Dissipator Additive PCD 1 Methods of Measurement Brest for Petroleum Petroleum Products and Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda Bhartrhari Nitisatakam oo 2 2222 22222222 BLANK PAGE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT IS 1448 P 148 2002 IAT ATTE AR Sah Soret Hl Wer ut 148 A Atha SIT BAT Indian Standard METHODS OF TEST FOR PETROL
7. AH CHIEF CHEMIST Deputy CHIEF Cuemist Alternate Suni Josut Suri S S MAZUMDAR Alternate Dr J M NaGPAL Dr R L SHARMA Alternate Suri SAHA Suri G S Sinna Alternate Suri R SUNDARAM Sua M K Dax n Alternate SHRIN V SATYANARAYAN G CHAKRABORTY Alternate Suri S RAMESH Suri N C CHATTERJEE Suri S N Misra Alternate Sunt S BALASUBRAMAIAN Suri S Bose Dr T Dey Alternate Deputy Director amp C AssTT RESEARCH OFFICER C 3 Alternate Bureau of Indian Standards BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act 1986 to promote harmonious development of the activities of standardization marking and quality certification of goods and attending to connected matters in the country Copyright BIS has the copyright of all its publications No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form without the prior permission in writing of BIS This does not preclude the free use in the course of implementing the standard of necessary details such as symbols and sizes type or grade designations Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director Publications BIS Review of Indian Standards Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments Standards are also reviewed periodically a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are needed if t
8. CTION The principal operating parameters of the Emcee Conductivity Meter have been properly adjusted before shipment Nevertheless readjustment may become necessary from time to time The following adjustments cover those that can be made conveniently in the field B 2 CALIBRATION CHECK PROCEDURE B 2 1 Check zero Set CU RANGE Switch to X 1 Hold meter with probe vertical and depress MEASURE switch The meter shall deflect and gradually go to zero approximately 3 seconds If the meter does not go to zero within division remove the probe and repeat zero test If meter does not go to zero insert a small screwdriver into side panel upper hole or that marked ZERO and adjust for 0 CU 1 division If zero adjustment 1s OK without probe but not when probe is attached the probe shall be thoroughly rinsed with isopropyl alcohol and allowed to air dry before retesting for zero NOTE Certain models with one hold in the side panel do not have a facility for zero adjustment without reference to the service manual B 2 2 Check Calibration The CU RANGE switch position for calibration differs with certain models Those meters with serial number on front panel Set the CU RANGE switch to CAL Those meters with internal serial numbers Set the CU RANGE switch to X 1 Depress both MEASURE and CALIBRATE switches at the same time Allow meter pointer to stabilize approximately 3 seconds The meter reading shall be equal to t
9. EUM AND ITS PRODUCTS P 148 DETERMINATION OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF AVIATION AND DISTILLATE FUELS CONTAINING STATIC DISSIPATOR ADDITIVE ICS 75 160 20 BIS 2002 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS MANAK BHAVAN 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG NEW DELHI 110002 June 2002 Price Group 4 Methods of Measurement and Test for Petroleum Petroleum Products and Lubricants Sectional Committee PCD 1 FOREWORD This Indian Standard P 148 was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards after the draft finalized by the Methods of Test for Petroleum Petroleum Products and Lubricants Sectional Committee had been approved by the Petroleum Coal and Related Products Division Council This standard method of test was prepared based on joint publication of ASTM D 2624 and IP 274 The composition of the Committee responsible for formulation of this standard is given in Annex E In reporting the results of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard if the final value observed or calculated is to be rounded off it shall be done in accordance with IS 2 1960 Rules for rounding off numerical values revised IS 1448 P 148 2002 Indian Standard METHODS OF TEST FOR PETROLEUM AND ITS PRODUCTS P 148 DETERMINATION OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF AVIATION AND DISTILLATE FUELS CONTAINING STATIC DISSIPATOR ADDITIVE 1 SCOPE 1 1 These test methods cover the determination of the electrical conductivity of aviation and
10. Turn function switch to low alarm Adjust alarm level as required The high level alarm may be calibrated in a similar manner Turn function switch to Operate and lift the reset switch The alarm light will go out The recorder will then indicate the conductivity of the fuel stream The alarm will be activated and the pumping circuits disabled if the conductivity drops below or above the pre set level IS 1448 P 148 2002 ANNEX E Foreword COMMITTEE COMPOSITION Methods for Measurement and Test for Petroleum Petroleum Products and Lubricants Sectional Committee PCD 1 Organization Indian Institute of Petroleum Dehra Dun Air Headquarters Ministry of Defence New Delhi AIMIL Ltd Delhi All India Instrument Manufacturers and Dealers Association Mumbai Automotive Research Association of India ARAT Pune Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd Mumbai Bogaigaon Refinery amp Petro Chemicals Ltd Daligaon Castrol India Ltd Mumbai Central Fuel Research Institute Dhanbad Central Revenue Control Laboratory Department of Revenue New Delhi Directorate General of Civil Aviation New Delhi Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd Mumbai Indian Oil Corporation Ltd Assam Oil Division Digboi Indian Oil Corporation Ltd Marketing Division Mumbai Indian Oil Corporation Ltd R amp P Division New Delhi Indian Oil Corporation Ltd R amp D Centre Faridabad Indian Oil Blending Ltd Mumbai Lubr
11. as been shown to give adequate mixing of the additive concerned prior to sampling A thermometer having a suitable range for measuring fuel temperature in the field shall be installed downstream of the test cell m 14 PROCEDURE Flush the cell thoroughly by initiating a controlled flow of the fuel to be measured Purging of air from the cell and adequate flushing is normally achieved in afew minutes but a longer flush is recommended when calibrating the instrument The controlled flow must conform to the manufacturer s recommendation Too fast or too slow a flow will result in inaccuracies in the conductivity measurement 15 CALIBRATION The specific calibration procedure detailed in Annex D isan essential part of the general procedure and should be completed prior to initiating automatic monitoring and control of the continuous fuel streams The high and low level alarm circuits can be calibrated as recommended by the manufacturer 16 MEASUREMENT After calibration select the instrument scale of the approximate range anticipated for the fuel stream and initiate continuous measurements of fuel conductivity Measurements are made at the test cell temperature indicated by the installed thermometer which should approximate to the temperature ofthe fuel in the system 17 REPORT Report the electrical conductivity ofthe fuel and the fuel temperature at which measurement was made see Note under 10 18 PRECISION 18 1 The repeatab
12. distillate fuels containing a static dissipator additive The test methods normally give a measurement of the conductivity when the fuel is uncharged that is electrically at rest known as the rest conductivity 1 2 Two test methods are available for field tests of fuel conductivity These are a portable meters for the direct measurement in tanks or the field or laboratory measurement of fuel samples and b in line meters for the continuous measurement of fuel conductivities in a fuel distribution system In using either type of instrument care must be taken in allowing the relaxation of residual electrical charges before measurement and in preventing fuel contamination For specification purposes conductivity measurements should iic made with the portable meters NOTE After pumping operations it may be necessary to wait before taking measurements to allow the fuel to become electrically at rest and reach an equilibrium conductivity 30 minutes waiting period is normally sufficient 1 3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard 1 4 This standard may involve hazardous materials operations and equipment This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use Itis the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use 2 SUMMARY OF METHOD
13. e is used Record the fuel temperature 9 3 Laboratory and Field Measurements on Sample Fuels 9 3 1 Preparation of Containers Metal or Glass Prior to taking samples take extreme care to ensure that all containers and measuring vessels have been thoroughly cleaned It is preferable that containers are laboratory cleaned prior to shipment to the field for sampling see 8 9 3 2 Measurement Rinse the conductivity cell thoroughly with the fuel under test to remove fuel residues remaining on the cell from previous tests Transfer the fuel to the measuring vessel and record the conductivity of the fuel using the procedure applicable to the particular apparatus If one ofthe conductivity meters referenced in Note 2 of 5 1 3 is used follow these instructions 9 3 2 1 Rinse the cell concurrently with the rinsing of the measuring vessel Then transfer the sample to be tested to the clean rinsed measuring vessel Check meter calibration as detailed in Annex A B or C Fully immerse the conductivity cell into the test fuel and measure the conductivity following the procedure detailed in 9 2 2 and the appropriate Annex Record the fuel temperature NOTE In order to avoid erroneous readings it is important to ensure that the bottom of the conductivity cell does not touch the sample container This is applicable to all containers whatever the material of construction 10 REPORT Report the electrical conductivity ofthe fuel and the
14. h isopropyl alcohol and allowed to air dry before retesting for zero If the instrument does not meet the specification without the probe attached then the adjustment procedure of C 4 shall be performed C 3 Note the calibration number stamped on the probe Depress the CALIBRATION switch C with the probe out of the fuel sample The reading shall be ten times the number stamped on the probe 0 005 after approximately 3 s For example Probe number equals 40 meter reading must be 400 005 395 to 405 If instrument does not meet specification proceed to C 5 C 4 Zero adjustment is performed without the probe attached and the MEASURE switch M depressed Insert a screwdriver in the hole marked Zero and adjust the control until the DISPLAY reads 0007 001 C 5 Calibration is performed without the probe attached and with the CALIBRATION switch depressed Insert a screwdriver in the hole marked CALIBRATE and adjust to within 002 of ten times the number stamped on the probe ANNEX D Clause 15 CALIBRATION OF THE STATIC ON CONDUCTIVITY MONITOR D 1 Before carrying out the calibration procedure the installed conductivity cell shall be flushed and the fuel flow adjusted to the recommended level D 2 Before calibrating turn the power switch to ON and adjust the meter zero as directed Turn the function switch to Calibrate Meter should indicate 100 pS m on each of three scales If not adjust as instructed
15. he calibration number stamped on the probe IS 1448 P 148 2002 1 division If necessary insert a small screw driver in the side panel hole and adjust meter pointer to the number stamped on the probe If as with certain models two holes are available in the side panel then the lower one shall be used B 2 3 Battery Replacement If preliminary calibration check procedures cannot be achieved the batteries shall be checked or changed B 3 CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENT Insert probe into fuel sample until fuel level is aligned with the centre of the holes nearest the top of the probe Set CU RANGE switch to X 10 Depress MEASURE switch and allow meter pointer to stabilize approximately 3 sec If meter reading is between 5 and 50 multiply by 10 and record result If meter reading is between 0 and 5 set CU RANGE switch to X 1 Depress MEASURE switch and allow meter pointer to stabilize 3 seconds Record meter reading ANNEX C Clauses 7 and 9 CALIBRATION OF THE EMCEE DIGITAL CONDUCTIVITY METER MODEL 1152 C 1 Connect probe to connector on the Emcee Digital Conductivity Meter and depress the MEASURE switch M with the probe out of the fuel sample Zero reading shall be 000 001 in approximately 3 seconds C 2 Ifthe instrument does not meet the specification remove the probe and depress MEASURE switch M If the instrument meets the specification without the probe attached the probe shall be thoroughly rinsed wit
16. he review indicates that changes are needed it is taken up for revision Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of BIS Catalogue and Standards Monthly Additions This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No PCD 1 1483 Amendments Issued Since Publication Amend No Date of Issue Text Affected BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS Headquarters Manak Bhavan 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg New Delhi 110 002 Telegrams Manaksanstha Telephones 323 01 31 323 33 75 323 94 02 Common to all offices Regional Offices Telephone Central Manak Bhavan 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg 323 76 17 NEW DELHI 110 002 323 38 41 Eastern 1 14 C LT Scheme VII M V I P Road Kankurgachi 84 99 337 85 61 KOLKATA 700 054 337 86 26 337 91 20 Northern SCO 335 336 Sector 34 A CHANDIGARH 160 022 60 38 43 60 20 25 Southern Campus IV Cross Road CHENNAI 600 113 254 12 16 254 14 42 254 25 19 254 13 15 Western Manakalaya E9 MIDC Marol Andheri East 832 92 95 832 78 58 MUMBAI 400 093 832 78 91 832 78 92 Branches AHMEDABAD BANGALORE BHOPAL BHUBANESHWAR COIMBATORE FARIDABAD GHAZIABAD GUWAHATI HYDERABAD JAIPUR KANPUR LUCKNOW NAGPUR NALAGARH PATNA PUNE RAJKOT THIRUVANANTHAPURAM Printed at Prabhat Offset Press New Delhi 2
17. ility columns are interpolated The reproducibility values above were estimates from results obtained at the same location on the same day by different operator instruments testing identical samples Results obtained at different times and locations may not be comparable according to the above reproducibility estimates since they may contain errors due to sampling and environmental factors The data used to determine the precision of this test method were obtained without extension cables on hand held meters 11 1 2 Reproducibility The difference between two single and independent measurements of conductivity obtained by different operftors working at the same location see Note under 10 on identical test material at the same fuel temperature would in the long run in the normal and correct operation of the test method exceed the values in Table 1 only in one case in twenty 11 2 In 1987 a test programme was carried out to investigate reproducibility of results when samples are shipped between laboratories While repeatability values were similar to those in Table 1 it was concluded that adequate reproducibility values were not obtained due to changes in conductivity of samples during shipment and storage In the event of dispute or concern regarding shipped sample conductivity it is recommended that operators come to the bulk fuel storage site to measure conductivity on bulk fuel or on freshly obtained samples according to
18. ility of the continuous meter has been established to be within the range given for the portable instruments see 11 1 1 18 2 The reproducibility has not been established 18 3 Bias The bias statement is being developed IS 1448 P 148 2002 ANNEX A Clauses 7 and 9 CALIBRATION OF THE MAIHAK METER A 1 Before carrying out the calibration procedure the conductivity cell must be clean and dry see Note under 9 2 1 A 2 The Maihak meter has been built in four models or series with different characteristics The corresponding instrument numbers are as follows Series Instrument Number 1 64001 10 64068 64070 2 64069 64071 to 64171 3 Prefix 2 4 Prefix 3 Series 2 and 3 instruments should have been subsequently modified with parts supplied by the manufacturer in this case the instrument numbers bear the suffix M A 3 CHECKING THE CALIBRATION To check the calibration reading press the green READ button with the conductivity cell in the rest position against the calibration resistor in the housing A meter reading of 465 10 pS m shall be obtained For confirmation press the red 2X button and then also the green READ button as above The meter shall read 232 10 pS m To check the live zero reading lift the conductivity cell slightly in the housing to break contact with the calibration resistor Press the green READ button Repeat while pressing the red 2X button For series 3 and 4 instruments a read
19. ing of zero shall be obtained For Series 1 and 2 instruments a positive reading of about 10 to 30 pS m shall be obtained This value must be subtracted from all measured conductivity reading If readings within these limits are not obtained the instrument requires servicing NOTE If the pointer of the meter oscillates during measurement it is likely that the battery needs replacing A 4 VERIFYING PERFORMANCE OF THE METER Fully immerse the conductivity cell into the test fuel holding it steady and then press the green READ button and record the highest reading after the needle has recovered from the initial overswing caused by inertia The initial recovery shall not exceed 20 pS m and will be completed in less than one sec For conductivities in the range 500 to 1 000 pS m the red 2X button shall be pressed and kept pressed while the READ button is pressed Multiply the resultant scale reading by 2 to obtain the correct conductivity reading This technique is also applicable for conductivities less than 500 as a check on the direct reading NOTE It has been found that the early series instruments don t work properly at very low ambient temperatures However Series 3 and 4 instruments operate satisfactorily at temperatures down to 29 C provided that the exposure time is limited to 30 minutes maximum ANNEX B Clauses 7 and 9 CALIBRATION AND USE OF THE EMCEE ANALOGUE CONDUCTIVITY METER MODEL 1151 A B 1 INTRODU
20. izol India Ltd Mumbai Madras Refineries Ltd Chennai Mangalore Refineries and Petrochemicals Ltd Mangalaore Ministry of Defence DRDO Kanpur Ministry of Defence DGQA New Delhi Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas New Delhi National Test House Kolkata Oil amp Natural Gas Commission Dehra Dun Projects amp Development India Ltd Sindri Reliance Petroleum Gujarat Representative s SHRI SUDHIR SINGHAL Chairman Dr A Dutra Alternate Joint DIRECTOR QAS Aero Deputy Director QAS Alternate Suri S C JAIN SHRI SURINDER SHARMA Alternate SHRI ViNAY TOSHNIWAL EXECUTIVE SECRETARY Alternate Suri A R ARANKALLE Suri Rao Alternate Suri C P BEZBORUAH Suri S S Roy Alternate Suri M GUPTA Dr P SAMUEL Dr K N BHATTACHARYA Alternate CHIEF CHEMIST Deputy CHIEF CHEMIST Alternate Suri Josui Suri S S MAZUMDAR Alternate Suri S J INAMDAR Suri N S J Rao Alternate Suri A CHAKRABORTY Suri P M Sina Alternate SHRI VERMA Dr T K De Alternate Suri D J KAKATI Suri A K KATHURIA Alternate Suri N R RAJE Suri R TYAGI Suri K SEHGAL Alternate Sun R R PARMAR Dr U S Rao Alternate Suri N V KALAIVANAN S M TS QC Alternate Sun S RAMESH Dr P S VENKATARAMANI Suri C Srivastava Alternate Suri H GANDHI Sua A J S Arora Alternate ADVISER REFINERIES DIRECTOR Su
21. n an up and down motion to remove previous fuel residues NOTES 1 CAUTION To prevent static discharge between a charged fuel and a conductive probe inserted into tank the appropriate safety precautions of earthing and waiting for charge dissipation should be observed For example the American Petroleum Institute in RP 2003 recommends that a 30 minutes interval be allowed after pumping into a storage tank before an operator mounts a tank to insert a sampling device This cell ensure that the fuel is electrically at rest see Note under 1 2 2 If the cell is in contact with water and the instrument is switched on an immediate off scale reading will be obtained If the cell has been in contact with water it must be thoroughly rinsed with cleaning solvent and dried with a stream of air In hot humid conditions condensation on the cell can occur which can cause abnormally high zero calibration and sample readings This can be avoided by storing the cell at a temperature 2 to 5 C in excess of the maximum ambient temperature where this is practicable 9 2 2 After flushing the cell hold 1t steady and after activating the instrument record the highest reading after initial stabilization This should occur within 3 seconds On instruments with more than one scale range select the scale which gives the greatest sensitivity for the conductivity value being determined Ensure that the appropriate scale multiplying factor or scale rang
22. rety Alternate Suri C NASKAR Suri K CHAKRABORTY Alternate Dr S F Razvi Suri S MATHUR Alternate Dr P SINGH Suri S RAJAN IS 1448 P 148 2002 Organization Research Designs amp Standards Organization Lucknow Shriram Institute for Indl Research New Delhi BIS Directorate General Representative s Deputy Director Chemicals Asstt RESEARCH OFFICER CM IV Alternate Dr KAICKER SHRIMATI Laxmi RAWAT Alternate ANJAN Kar Director amp Head PCD Representing Director General Ex officio Member Secretary Suri P MisHRA Joint Director PCD BIS Liquid Fuels and Solvents Tests Subcommittee PCD 1 3 Indian Oil Corporation Ltd R amp D Centre Faridabad Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd Mumbai Bongaigaon Refinery and Petrochemicals Ltd Dhaligaon Central Revenue Control Laboratory Department of Revenue New Delhi Directorate General of Civil Aviation New Delhi Indian Institute of Petroleum Dehra Dun Indian Oil Corporation Ltd R amp P Division New Delhi Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd Mumbai Ministry of Defence DGQA New Delhi Mangalore Refineries Ltd Mangalore National Test House Kolkata National Thermai Power Corporation R amp D New Delhi Indian Oil Corporation Ltd Marketing Mumbai RDSO Lucknow Dr A A Gupta Convener Dr P BHATNAGAR Alternate SHRI N D Raut Suri V Y VARTAK Alternate Suri C P BEZBARU
23. te Conductivity Meter Model 8150 8151 and 8152 Manufacturer Ethyl Intertech Corpn 19 Rozzel Road Princeton N J 08540 These meters are no longer available Calibration procedures for the existing meters can be obtained from the manufacturer 3 Emcee Conductivity Meter Models 1151 and 1152 Manufacturer Emcee Electronics 8875 Midnight Pass Road Sarasota Florida 33581 USA 6 REAGENTS AND MATERIALS 6 1 Cleaning Solvent Analytical grade toluene If the presence of water is suspected use isopropyl alcohol followed by toluene CAUTION Toluene is a toxic volatile hydrocarbon which is absorbed by inhaling the vapour or through the skin by contact with the liquid Use in adequate ventilation and avoid skin contact 7 CALIBRATION The calibration procedure will be dependent upon the equipment used The procedures for the instruments are described in Annexes A B and C NOTE The test method results are known to be sensitive to trace contaminations from sampling containers 8 SAMPLING 8 1 Fuel conductivity measurements shall be made in situ to avoid changes during sample shipment If it is necessary to take samples for subsequent analysis the following precautions shall be taken 8 1 1 Thesample size should be as large as practicable and not less than 1 litre 8 1 2 All sample containers shall be thoroughly cleaned with cleaning solvent and dried with a stream of air Prior to taking the samples all containers
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